Term IRI Term label Parent term IRI Parent term label Alternative term Definition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098691 dopaminergic synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse A synapse that uses dopamine as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099140 presynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099187 presynaptic cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins in the presynaptic actin cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099143 presynaptic actin cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015629 actin cytoskeleton The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099145 regulation of exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to postsynaptic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904375 regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor containing vesicles into the postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120060 regulation of gastric emptying http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905333 regulation of gastric motility Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120061 negative regulation of gastric emptying http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060457 negative regulation of digestive system process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120062 positive regulation of gastric emptying http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060456 positive regulation of digestive system process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106030 neuron projection fasciculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031175 neuron projection development The collection of neuronal projections into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140075 regulation of lipoprotein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that controls lipoprotein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140076 negative regulation of lipoprotein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140077 positive regulation of lipoprotein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of lipoprotein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036244 secretion of serous membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007779 transudate A transudate found in the serous sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138103 inorganic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39141 Bronsted acid A Bronsted acid derived from one or more inorganic compounds. Inorganic acids (also known as mineral acids) form hydrons and conjugate base ions when dissolved in water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020486 abnormal lens topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology abnormal position or orientation of the lens in relation to other structures of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030266 small vomer bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000098 abnormal vomer bone morphology reduced size of the triangular flat bone of the nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061951 establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090150 establishment of protein localization to membrane The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030519 abnormal inner dental epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030508 abnormal dental epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the inner layer of columnar cells of the enamel organ, located on the rim nearest the dental papilla; this layer is first seen during the cap stage of tooth development, in which inner enamel epithelium cells are pre-ameloblast cells; these will differentiate into ameloblasts which are responsible for secretion of enamel during tooth development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020856 absent corneal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006000 abnormal corneal epithelium morphology absence of the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036289 anterior wall of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036286 wall of right ventricle Region of wall of right ventricle which is continuous with the lateral and septal walls of right ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08575-3 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RABC (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001014 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RABC A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RABC that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08575-8 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RA (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001015 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RA A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RA that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020872 abnormal hypothalamic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000837 abnormal hypothalamus morphology any structural anomaly of one or more of the nuclei of the brain that are part of the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120178 steroid hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006694 steroid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any steroid hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062125 regulation of mitochondrial gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010468 regulation of gene expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020893 abnormal zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009615 abnormal zinc homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of zinc in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030937 increased mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011638 abnormal mitochondrial chromosome morphology greater than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a mammalian cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030938 abnormal reticulophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008260 abnormal autophagy any anomaly in the selective autohagy process in which parts of the endoplasmic reticulum are loaded into autophagosomes, delivered to the vacuole, and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030939 abnormal autophagosome formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008260 abnormal autophagy any anomaly in the formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030940 impaired autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008260 abnormal autophagy impairment of the catabolic process involving the degradation of a cell's own components through the lysosomal machinery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030941 enhanced autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008260 abnormal autophagy enhancement of the catabolic process involving the degradation of a cell's own components through the lysosomal machinery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030942 abnormal microtubule organizing center morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020850 abnormal microtubule cytoskeleton morphology any anomaly of the intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030943 abnormal centrosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030942 abnormal microtubule organizing center morphology any structural anomaly of the non-membrane-bound organelle comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized; centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030944 abnormal pericentriolar material morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030943 abnormal centrosome morphology any structural anomaly of the network of small fibers that surrounds the centrioles; it contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150119 negative regulation of protein localization to cell-cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150106 regulation of protein localization to cell-cell junction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell-cell junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150146 cell junction disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034330 cell junction organization The disaggregation of a cell junction into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120229 protein localization to motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061512 protein localization to cilium A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a motile cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120251 hydrocarbon biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120252 hydrocarbon metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120254 olefinic compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an olefinic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond (aka C=C). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120255 olefinic compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an olefinic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond (aka C=C). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120256 olefinic compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an olefinic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond (aka C=C). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008047 intrafusal muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008002 skeletal muscle fiber A skeletal muscle fiber that is part of a muscle spindle. These are specialized muscle fibers that serve as proprioceptors, detecting the amount and rate of change in length of a muscle. They are innervated by both sensory neurons and motor neurons (gamma and beta motorneurons, collectively referred to as fusimotor neurons). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019031 intestine goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell Goblet cells reside throughout the length of the small and large intestine and are responsible for the production and maintenance of the protective mucus blanket by synthesizing and secreting high-molecular-weight glycoproteins known as mucins. Human intestinal goblet cells secrete the MUC2 mucin, as well as a number of typical mucus components: CLCA1, FCGBP, AGR2, ZG16, and TFF3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019032 intestinal tuft cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell Any brush cell that is part of the intestinal epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021002 brain lesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology focal pathological changes characterized by alteration in the size, shape and organization of the cellular components of the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021009 abnormal synaptic physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the membrane junction site of a nerve cell to a target cell, such as another nerve cell, an effector cell, or a sensory receptor cell; transmission of nerve impulses may be mediated by chemical or by electrical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021001 impaired neuron physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology any anomaly resulting in reduced function of a neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021003 cerebral infarct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology a necrotic lesion in the cerebrum resulting from a sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply due to emboli, thrombi or mechanical factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021004 cerebral microinfarct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021003 cerebral infarct an infarct found in the cerebrum that can only be observed microscopically http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021005 cerebral cortex microinfarct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology an infarct located on the outer layer of the cerebrum that can only be observed microscopically http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021006 hippocampal microinfarct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology an infarct located in the hippocampus that can only be observed microscopically http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021007 amygdala microinfarct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000818 abnormal amygdala morphology an infarct located in the amygdala that can only be observed microscopically http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021008 temporal lobe atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012508 forebrain atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021011 parietal cortex atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012508 forebrain atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021012 decreased acetylcholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030675 abnormal acetylcholine level less than the normal amount of acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021013 abnormal synaptic vesicle endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030951 abnormal endocytosis any anomaly in the vesicle-mediated transport process in which neuronal cells form a new membrane-bounded vesicle by the invagination of a small region of the synaptic plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021014 abnormal tau protein phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any anomaly in the process by which a phosphate group is introduced to the tau protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021015 increased tau protein phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021014 abnormal tau protein phosphorylation increase in the process by which a phosphate group is introduced to the tau protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021016 decreased tau protein phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021014 abnormal tau protein phosphorylation decrease in the process by which a phosphate group is introduced to the tau protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021017 abnormal dendritic spine number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009936 abnormal dendritic spine morphology any anomaly in the number of spines on a dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021018 decreased dendritic spine number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021017 abnormal dendritic spine number fewer than the expected number of spines on a given dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021019 increased dendritic spine number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021017 abnormal dendritic spine number greater than the expected number of spines on a given dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021020 neurite dystrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008415 abnormal neurite morphology degenerated neurite(s) that may be the end result of genetic abnormalities or inadequate or faulty metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031284 abdominal situs abnormality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004133 heterotaxia an abnormality of the abdominal situs, i.e., of the sidedness of the abdomen and its organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031306 abnormal cartilage physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology any functional anomaly of the nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue found primarily in joints, walls of the thorax, and tubular structures, but which also comprises most of the skeleton in early fetal life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031275 abnormal heme metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031276 abnormal stress erythropoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000245 abnormal erythropoiesis any anomaly in the process by which erythroid output is increased in response to anemic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031277 pectus carinatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004134 abnormal chest morphology a congenital deformity of the anterior chest wall characterized by outward protrusion of the sternum and/or adjacent ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031278 decreased osteosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012426 decreased skeletal tumor incidence less than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm derived form mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts or osteocytes, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; osteosarcoma is a highly invasive and destructive tumor rising in the skeleton with osteoid and immature woven bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031279 abnormal susceptibility to aneurysm induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031272 abnormal susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation differences from the expected moribund state caused by aneurysm rupture following experimental induction of heart or vessel wall weakening by chemical and/or physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031280 decreased susceptibility to aneurysm induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031273 decreased susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation reduced likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by aneurysm rupture following experimental induction of heart or vessel wall weakening by chemical and/or physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031281 increased susceptibility to aneurysm induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031274 increased susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by aneurysm rupture following experimental induction of heart or vessel wall weakening by chemical and/or physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031282 decreased enchondroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012426 decreased skeletal tumor incidence less than the expected number of benign lobulated neoplasms of hyaline cartilage occurring in bones of endochondral origin, in a specific population in a given time period; enchondromas are usually solitary, intramedullary lesions commonly found in the short tubular bones of the hands and feet, distal femur, and proximal humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031283 increased enchondroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010280 increased skeletal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign lobulated neoplasms of hyaline cartilage occurring in bones of endochondral origin, in a specific population in a given time period; enchondromas are usually solitary, intramedullary lesions commonly found in the short tubular bones of the hands and feet, distal femur, and proximal humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031285 external auditory canal stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006033 abnormal external auditory canal morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the external auditory canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031286 unilateral cryptorchism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002286 cryptorchism failure of one of the testes to descend into the scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031287 bilateral cryptorchism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002286 cryptorchism failure of both testes to descend into the scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031288 long eyelid cilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013895 abnormal eyelid cilium morphology increased length of any of the hairs that grow at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031289 unilateral microphthalmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001297 microphthalmia reduced average size of one eye; generally refers to a congenital defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031290 bilateral microphthalmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001297 microphthalmia reduced average size of both eyes; generally refers to a congenital defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031291 pes valgus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology an outward deviation of the foot at the talocalcaneal or subtalar joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031292 increased facial hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008018 increased facial tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign tumors characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells in the face, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031293 decreased facial hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020226 decreased hemangioma incidence less than the expected number of benign tumors characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells in the face, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031294 penile hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia a form of male hypospadia where the opening of the male urethra is located on the inferior aspect of the penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031295 glanular hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia the mildest and most common form of male hypospadias where the opening of the male urethra is located on the head of the penis, but not at the tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031296 penoscrotal hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia a severe form of male hypospadia where the opening of the male urethra is located where the shaft of the penis meets the scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031297 midshaft hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia a form of male hypospadia where the opening of the male urethra is located in the middle of the inferior shaft of the penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031298 coronal hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia a form of male hypospadia where the opening of the male urethra is located at the corona glandis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031299 subcoronal hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia a form of male hypospadia where the opening of the male urethra is located at the junction of the corona and the body of the penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031300 perineal hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia a form of male hypospadia where the scrotum is abnormally divided (bifid) and the male urethral opening is located in the perineal region along the center of the divided sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031301 chronic liver inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002499 chronic inflammation persistent inflammatory response in the liver, often caused by persistent infection or during an autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031302 syncope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology a transient loss of consciousness due to cerebral hypoperfusion with spontaneous return to baseline function without intervention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031303 enhanced behavioral response to methamphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012733 abnormal behavioral response to methamphetamine increased sensitivity to methamphetamine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031304 impaired behavioral response to methamphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012733 abnormal behavioral response to methamphetamine decreased sensitivity to methamphetamine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031305 preauricular skin tag http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030096 abnormal periauricular region morphology a rudimentary tag of skin, that may also contain cartilage or fat, located in front of the auricle (outer part of the ear) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031307 bronchomalacia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology a condition characterized by flaccidity of the bronchial support cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031308 tracheobronchomalacia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013753 tracheomalacia a condition characterized by flaccidity of the tracheal and bronchial support cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031312 spondylolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology a bony defect or stress fracture within the pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch in the spinal column; pars interarticularis is the part of a vertebra located between the inferior and superior articular processes of the facet joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031313 spondylolisthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology a condition of the spine whereby one of the vertebra slips forward or backward in relation to the next vertebra; forward slippage of an upper vertebra on a lower vertebra is referred to as anterolisthesis, while backward slippage is referred to as retrolisthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031314 facial muscle weakness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030144 abnormal facial muscle physiology reduced strength of one or more of the striated skeletal muscles innervated by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031315 biliary atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology one or more bile ducts inside or outside the liver are abnormally narrow, blocked, or absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031316 lentiglobus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology globular projection of the anterior or posterior surface of the lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031317 spherophakia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001306 small lens a developmental defect in which a smaller, more spherical optic lens than normal is formed, with partial or complete aplasia of the zonule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031318 enhanced skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013237 abnormal skeletal muscle regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of skeletal muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031319 impaired intestine regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003380 abnormal intestine regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of intestinal tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031320 enhanced intestine regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003380 abnormal intestine regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of intestinal tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031321 enhanced cardiac muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013238 abnormal cardiac muscle regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of cardiac muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410006 submucous nerve plexus of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005304 submucous nerve plexus Submucous nerve plexus that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410007 myenteric nerve plexus of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002439 myenteric nerve plexus Myenteric nerve plexus that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410058 myenteric nerve plexus of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002439 myenteric nerve plexus Myenteric nerve plexus that is located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410059 submucous nerve plexus of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005304 submucous nerve plexus Submucous nerve plexus that is located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410060 colon smooth muscle circular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012398 large intestine smooth muscle circular layer A circular muscle layer of muscular coat that is part of a colon smooth muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410061 colon smooth muscle longitudinal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012399 large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer A longitudinal muscle layer of muscular coat that is part of a colon smooth muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410063 myenteric nerve plexus of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002439 myenteric nerve plexus Myenteric nerve plexus that is part of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410064 submucous nerve plexus of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005304 submucous nerve plexus Submucous nerve plexus that is located in the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031346 abnormal eye vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any anomaly of the structure or arrangement of blood vessels supplying the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021056 abnormal tumor vascular morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010639 abnormal tumor pathology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that carries blood within and/or around tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031345 developmental cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract a lens opacity that is present before or at birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021046 abnormal circulating HDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011969 abnormal circulating triglyceride level any anomaly in the amount of the complex of high density lipoproteins, small (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles, and triglyceride in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021047 abnormal circulating LDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011969 abnormal circulating triglyceride level any anomaly in the amount of the complex of low density lipoproteins, small (18-25 nm) and low density (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles, and triglyceride in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021048 increased circulating LDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021047 abnormal circulating LDL triglyceride level increase in the amount of the complex of low density lipoproteins, small (18-25 nm) and low density (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles, and triglyceride in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021049 decreased circulating LDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021047 abnormal circulating LDL triglyceride level decrease in the amount of the complex of low density lipoproteins, small (18-25 nm) and low density (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles, and triglyceride in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021050 increased circulating HDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021046 abnormal circulating HDL triglyceride level increase in the amount of the complex of high density lipoproteins, small (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles, and triglyceride in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021051 decreased circulating HDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021046 abnormal circulating HDL triglyceride level decrease in the amount of the complex of high density lipoproteins, small (4-13 nm) and dense (greater than 1.063 g/ml) particles, and triglyceride in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021052 abnormal renal arterial blood pressure regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010695 abnormal blood pressure regulation any anomaly in the processes that modulate the force with which blood travels through the renal circulatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021053 abnormal renal arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any anomaly in the tension of the blood within the renal arteries or arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021054 increased renal arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021053 abnormal renal arterial blood pressure increase in the tension of the blood within the renal arteries or arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021055 decreased renal arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021053 abnormal renal arterial blood pressure decrease in the tension of the blood within the renal arteries or arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021057 abnormal tumor perivascular space morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021056 abnormal tumor vascular morphology any anomaly in the structure of the extracellular space bounded by capillary endothelium on one side and parenchymal basement membrane on the other side in tumor blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021058 increased tumor perivascular space size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021057 abnormal tumor perivascular space morphology increase in the size of the perivascular space in tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021059 decreased tumor perivascular space size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021057 abnormal tumor perivascular space morphology decrease in the size of the perivascular space in tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021060 abnormal tumor pericyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021056 abnormal tumor vascular morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue cells that occur around capillaries or other small blood vessels within a tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021061 abnormal tumor pericyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021060 abnormal tumor pericyte morphology any anomaly in the number of pericytes found in the perivascular area of a tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021062 increased tumor pericyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021061 abnormal tumor pericyte number increase in the number of pericytes found in the perivascular area of a tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021063 decreased tumor pericyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021061 abnormal tumor pericyte number decrease in the number of pericytes found in the perivascular area of a tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021064 decreased tumor nonattached pericyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021063 decreased tumor pericyte number decrease in the number of pericytes that have not formed attachments to tumor blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021065 decreased tumor attached pericyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021063 decreased tumor pericyte number decrease in the number of pericytes that have formed attachments to tumor blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021066 increased tumor nonattached pericyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021062 increased tumor pericyte number increase in the number of pericytes that have not formed attachments to tumor blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021067 increased tumor attached pericyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021062 increased tumor pericyte number increase in the number of pericytes that have formed attachments to tumor blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021068 abnormal nitric oxide synthase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level any anomaly in the concentration of the enzyme(s) that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021069 decreased nitric oxide synthase 1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021076 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 1 level reduction in the concentration of the constitutive neuronal enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021070 increased nitric oxide synthase 1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021076 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 1 level elevated concentration of the constitutive neuronal enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021071 decreased nitric oxide synthase 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021077 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 2 level reduction in the concentration of the inducible enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021072 increased nitric oxide synthase 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021077 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 2 level elevated concentration of the inducible enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021073 decreased nitric oxide synthase 3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021075 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 3 level reduction in the concentration of the constitutive endothelial enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021074 increased nitric oxide synthase 3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021075 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 3 level increase in the concentration of the constitutive endothelial enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021075 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021068 abnormal nitric oxide synthase level any anomaly in the concentration of the constitutive endothelial enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021076 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021068 abnormal nitric oxide synthase level any anomaly in the concentration of the constitutive neuronal enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021077 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021068 abnormal nitric oxide synthase level any anomaly in the concentration of the inducible enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021078 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 2 to nitric oxide synthase 3 ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021068 abnormal nitric oxide synthase level any anomaly in the ratio of the concentrations of nitric oxide synthase 2 to nitric oxide synthase 3, two of the enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021079 increased nitric oxide synthase 2 to nitric oxide synthase 3 ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021078 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 2 to nitric oxide synthase 3 ratio increase in the ratio of the concentrations of nitric oxide synthase 2 and nitric oxide synthase 3, two of the enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021080 decreased nitric oxide synthase 2 to nitric oxide synthase 3 ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021078 abnormal nitric oxide synthase 2 to nitric oxide synthase 3 ratio decrease in the ratio of the concentrations of nitric oxide synthase 2 and nitric oxide synthase 3, two of the enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031343 colon atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000495 abnormal colon morphology congenital blockage or absence of the lumen of the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031344 aortic bulb aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011575 dilated aorta bulb a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the aortic bulb resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031347 red eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031346 abnormal eye vasculature morphology a condition where the white part of the eye (sclera) appears reddened or bloodshot, ranging from a few enlarged blood vessels appearing as wiggly lines over the sclera to a bright red color completely covering to sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031348 bone fibrous dysplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure normal bone and marrow is replaced with scar-like (fibrous) connective tissue, resulting in formation of bone that is weak and prone to expansion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031349 monostotic fibrous dysplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031348 bone fibrous dysplasia a form of fibrous dysplasia affecting one solitary bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031350 polyostotic fibrous dysplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031348 bone fibrous dysplasia a form of fibrous dysplasia affecting multiple bones throughout the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009097 embryonic skeletal muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008002 skeletal muscle fiber A skeletal muscle fiber found in an embryo. In mammalian embryos, skeletal muscle expresses myosin heavy chain-embryonic (MyHC-emb, encoded by the MYH3 gene), which regulates skeletal muscle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480000 iliac vein smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004696 venous system smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an iliac vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480001 capillary of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003499 brain blood vessel A capillary that is part of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480002 thoracic aorta smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004178 aorta smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of the thoracic aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480003 iliac artery smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002111 artery smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an iliac artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480004 iliac vein endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001919 endothelium of vein An endothelium that is part of an iliac vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480005 placental artery endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue An endothelium that is part of the placental artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480006 mesenteric lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Lymphatic vessel that is part of the mesentery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480007 placental artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022358 placenta blood vessel An artery that is part of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480008 placental vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022358 placenta blood vessel A vein that is part of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0160043 catecholamine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050432 catecholamine secretion The regulated release of catecholamine by a cell in which the catecholamine acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031478 Brunner’s gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012518 abnormal Brunner's gland morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in Brunner’s gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014325 abnormal oligodendrocyte progenitor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development any structural anomaly in the cells that differentiate into oligodendrocytes or type-2 astrocytes in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014320 abnormal autopod rotation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology any anomaly in the orientation of the autopods relative to the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031541 decreased sinoatrial node size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004115 abnormal sinoatrial node morphology reduction in the average size of the sinoatrial node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031534 abnormal heart right ventricle wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003920 abnormal heart right ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the cardiac wall of the heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014327 decreased Purkinje cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014326 abnormal Purkinje cell size decrease in the size of Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014328 increased Purkinje cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014326 abnormal Purkinje cell size increase in the size of Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014329 abnormal Purkinje cell axon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the single process of a Purkinje cell that normally conducts impulses away from the cell body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014330 abnormal Purkinje cell focal axonal swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014329 abnormal Purkinje cell axon morphology any anomaly in localized enlargements of the axon of a Purkinje cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014331 abnormal Purkinje cell mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000877 abnormal Purkinje cell morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in the Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014332 long retina cone cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020812 long photoreceptor outer segment increased length of the retinal cone cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014333 short retina cone cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008587 short photoreceptor outer segment decreased length of the retinal cone cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014334 short retina cone cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008582 short photoreceptor inner segment decreased length of the retinal cone cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014335 long retina cone cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014247 long photoreceptor inner segment increased length of the retinal cone cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014336 short retina rod cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008587 short photoreceptor outer segment decreased length of the retinal rod cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014337 long retina rod cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020812 long photoreceptor outer segment increased length of the retinal rod cell outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014338 abnormal spleen B cell follicle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology deviation from the normal size of the B cell follicles in the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014339 long retina rod cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014247 long photoreceptor inner segment increased length of the retinal rod cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014340 short retina rod cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008582 short photoreceptor inner segment decreased length of the retinal rod cell inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014341 abnormal hepatocyte mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in the hepatocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014342 abnormal muscle fiber mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014343 abnormal myocardial fiber mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in myocardial fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014344 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003084 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in skeletal muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014345 abnormal neuron mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014346 abnormal motor neuron mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000937 abnormal motor neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in motor neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014347 increased spleen B cell follicle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014338 abnormal spleen B cell follicle size larger than normal size of the B cell follicles in the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014348 decreased spleen B cell follicle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014338 abnormal spleen B cell follicle size smaller than normal size of the B cell follicles in the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014349 absent spleen B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014263 decreased spleen B cell follicle number absence of all the B cell follicles in the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014350 disorganized spleen B cell follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology derangement of the normal pattern of B cells within the follicles of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014351 abnormal spleen B cell follicle shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the B cell follicles in the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014352 abnormal brush cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000358 abnormal cell morphology any structural anomaly in cells characterized by a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli found in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014353 abnormal gastrointestinal brush cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly in cells characterized by a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli typically found in the gastrointestinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014354 abnormal respiratory tract brush cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly in cells characterized by a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli typically found in the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031515 l-loop transposition of the great arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004110 transposition of great arteries a type of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) in which the aorta is positioned to the left and front of the pulmonary artery; it is characterized by atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance and usually associated with ventricular inversion due to leftward looping of the primitive heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031516 mitral valve inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031118 cardiovalvulitis local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031518 calcified aortic valve cusp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010595 abnormal aortic valve cusp morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in one or more cusps (leaflets) of the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031519 calcified aortic valve annulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010598 abnormal aortic valve annulus morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the aortic valve annulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031520 calcified mitral valve cusp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010614 abnormal mitral valve cusp morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in one or both cusps (leaflets) of the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031521 calcified mitral valve annulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010613 abnormal mitral valve annulus morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the mitral valve annulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031522 small mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031572 small atrioventricular valve a decrease in the total area occupied by the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031523 mitral valve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031573 atrioventricular valve hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mitral valve, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031524 mitral valve hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031571 atrioventricular valve hyperplasia increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mitral valve, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031525 thin left ventricle myocardium compact layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010556 thin ventricle myocardium compact layer decreased myocardium compact layer thickness in the left heart ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031526 thin right ventricle myocardium compact layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010556 thin ventricle myocardium compact layer decreased myocardium compact layer thickness in the right heart ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031527 small pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031582 small semilunar valve a decrease in the total area occupied by the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031528 pulmonary valve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031583 semilunar valve hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pulmonary valve, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031529 pulmonary valve hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031581 semilunar valve hyperplasia increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pulmonary valve, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031530 abnormal heart ventricle shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of one or both heart ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031532 abnormal heart ventricle wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the cardiac wall of the heart ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031535 abnormal heart atrium wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology anomaly in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031536 decreased heart atrium wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031535 abnormal heart atrium wall thickness decreased depth of the cardiac wall of the heart atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031537 increased heart atrium wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031535 abnormal heart atrium wall thickness increased depth of the cardiac wall of the heart atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031538 quadricuspid aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010595 abnormal aortic valve cusp morphology presence of four cusps (leaflets) of equal or varying sizes in the aortic valve instead of three http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031542 sinoatrial node hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031541 decreased sinoatrial node size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the sinoatrial node, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031546 sinoatrial node hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031545 increased sinoatrial node size increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the sinoatrial node, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031547 increased atrioventricular node size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004114 abnormal atrioventricular node morphology greater than average size of the atrioventricular node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031548 atrioventricular node hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031547 increased atrioventricular node size increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the atrioventricular node, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031549 abnormal heart valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology anomaly in the progression of a heart valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031550 abnormal atrioventricular valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology anomaly in the progression of an atrioventricular valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031551 abnormal mitral valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology anomaly in the progression of the mitral valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031552 abnormal tricuspid valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology anomaly in the progression of the tricuspid valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031553 abnormal semilunar valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002746 abnormal semilunar valve morphology anomaly in the progression of a semilunar valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031554 abnormal aortic valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology anomaly in the progression of the aortic valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031555 abnormal pulmonary valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology anomaly in the progression of the pulmonary valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031556 abnormal sinoatrial valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011646 abnormal sinoatrial valve morphology anomaly in the progression of the sinoatrial valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031558 tricuspid valve hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031571 atrioventricular valve hyperplasia increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the tricuspid valve, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031559 tricuspid valve hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010627 enlarged tricuspid valve increase in the bulk size of the tricuspid valve due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15841 polypeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33839 macromolecule A peptide containing ten or more amino acid residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16958 beta-alanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33706 beta-amino acid A naturally-occurring beta-amino acid comprising propionic acid with the amino group in the 3-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23849 diterpenoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26873 terpenoid Any terpenoid derived from a diterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C20 skeleton of the parent diterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24129 furans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38104 oxacycle Compounds containing at least one furan ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25000 lactone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25512 neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33280 molecular messenger An endogenous compound that is used to transmit information across the synapse between a neuron and another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25698 ether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26191 polyol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33822 organic hydroxy compound A compound that contains two or more hydroxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26347 prostanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23899 icosanoid The family of natural prostaglandins and prostaglandin-like compounds including prostacyclins and thromboxanes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27024 toluenes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22712 benzenes Any member of the class of benzenes that is a substituted benzene in which the substituents include one (and only one) methyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29256 thiol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32952 amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50047 organic amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33567 catecholamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64365 aralkylamino compound 4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33822 organic hydroxy compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51958 organic polycyclic compound Any of naturally occurring compounds and synthetic analogues, based on the cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene carbon skeleton, partially or completely hydrogenated; there are usually methyl groups at C-10 and C-13, and often an alkyl group at C-17. By extension, one or more bond scissions, ring expansions and/or ring contractions of the skeleton may have occurred. Natural steroids are derived biogenetically from squalene which is a triterpene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38101 organonitrogen heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38260 pyrrolidines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25693 organic heteromonocyclic compound Any of a class of heterocyclic amines having a saturated five-membered ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50902 genotoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52209 aetiopathogenetic role A role played by a chemical compound to induce direct or indirect DNA damage. Such damage can potentially lead to the formation of a malignant tumour, but DNA damage does not lead inevitably to the creation of cancerous cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50904 allergen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52209 aetiopathogenetic role A chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5686 heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59163 biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47867 indicator A substance used as an indicator of a biological state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67079 anti-inflammatory agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application Any compound that has anti-inflammatory effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76967 human xenobiotic metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77746 human metabolite Any human metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83056 Daphnia magna metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83057 Daphnia metabolite A Daphnia metabolite produced by the species Daphnia magna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84729 hydroxyindoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24828 indoles Any member of the class of indoles carrying at least one hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15904 long-chain fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid A fatty acid with a chain length ranging from C13 to C22. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28965 dicarboxylic acid dianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38716 carboxylic acid dianion A carboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of any dicarboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30921 glutarate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24329 glutarate A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both the carboxy groups of glutaric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32876 tertiary amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50996 tertiary amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33707 gamma-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83820 non-proteinogenic amino acid A non-proteinogenic amino-acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position gamma to the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47901 alkanesulfonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33551 organosulfonic acid Organic derivatives of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon of an alkyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64049 food acidity regulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive that is used to change or otherwise control the acidity or alkalinity of foods. They may be acids, bases, neutralising agents or buffering agents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67197 endocannabinoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67194 cannabinoid A class of cannabinoids present in mammalian biological fluids and tissues that activate cannabinoid receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74783 astringent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A compound that causes the contraction of body tissues, typically used to reduce bleeding from minor abrasions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_131565 steroid aldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17478 aldehyde Any steroid substituted by a formyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_131619 C27-steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid A steroid compound with a structure based on a 27-carbon (cholestane) skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_131621 C19-steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid A steroid compound with a structure based on a 19-carbon (androstane) skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_131927 dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36586 carbonyl compound A class of carbonyl compound encompassing dicarboxylic acids and any derivatives obtained by substitution of either one or both of the carboxy hydrogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132153 hyaluronate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63551 carbohydrate acid derivative anion A carbohydrate acid derivative anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy groups of hyaluronic acid; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132362 citrate(4-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_133748 citrate anion A citrate anion obtained by deprotonation of the three carboxy groups as well as the hydroxy group of citric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132539 fatty acid 20:4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26208 polyunsaturated fatty acid Any polyunsaturated fatty acid containing 20 carbons and 4 double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132717 bleaching agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33893 reagent A reagent that lightens or whitens a substrate through chemical reaction. Bleaching reactions usually involve oxidative or reductive processes that degrade colour systems. Bleaching can occur by destroying one or more of the double bonds in the conjugated chain, by cleaving the conjugated chain, or by oxidation of one of the other moieties in the conjugated chain. Their reactivity results in many bleaches having strong bactericidal, disinfecting, and sterilising properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132938 ethylmalonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35693 dicarboxylic acid anion A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of ethylmalonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_133748 citrate anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35753 tricarboxylic acid anion A tricarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of citric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134019 hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76567 polyunsaturated fatty acid anion Any polyunsaturated fatty acid anion carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15366 acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25384 monocarboxylic acid A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15843 arachidonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36306 icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid A long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15889 sterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36834 3-hydroxy steroid Any 3-hydroxy steroid whose skeleton is closely related to cholestan-3-ol (additional carbon atoms may be present in the side chain). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15891 taurine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37793 amino sulfonic acid An amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid. It is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism. An abundant component of fish- and meat-based foods, it has been used as an oral supplement in the treatment of disorders such as cystic fibrosis and hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16000 ethanolamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15734 primary alcohol A member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethane with an amino substituent at C-1 and a hydroxy substituent at C-2, making it both a primary amine and a primary alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16183 methane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16336 hyaluronic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72813 exopolysaccharide A mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits. It is found in the connective tissues of vertebrates. A principal constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM), it mediates the growth and metastasis of tumour cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16449 alanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16526 carbon dioxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity A one-carbon compound with formula CO2 in which the carbon is attached to each oxygen atom by a double bond. A colourless, odourless gas under normal conditions, it is produced during respiration by all animals, fungi and microorganisms that depend directly or indirectly on living or decaying plants for food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16761 ADP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37038 purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate A purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16765 tryptamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64365 aralkylamino compound An aminoalkylindole consisting of indole having a 2-aminoethyl group at the 3-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16947 citrate(3-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27092 tricarboxylic acid trianion A tricarboxylic acid trianion, obtained by deprotonation of the three carboxy groups of citric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17347 testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47909 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid An androstanoid having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4-C-5.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17561 L-cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid An optically active form of cysteine having L-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17855 triglyceride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76579 triradylglycerol Any glyceride resulting from the condensation of all three hydroxy groups of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17996 chloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33432 monoatomic chlorine A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity 'Lipids' is a loosely defined term for substances of biological origin that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. They consist of saponifiable lipids, such as glycerides (fats and oils) and phospholipids, as well as nonsaponifiable lipids, principally steroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18295 histamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64365 aralkylamino compound A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted at position C-4 by a 2-aminoethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18310 alkane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33653 aliphatic compound An acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having the general formula CnH2n+2, and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21545 N-acetyl-L-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21575 N-acetyl-amino acid An L-amino acid having an N-acetyl substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22333 alkylating agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25435 mutagen Highly reactive chemical that introduces alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevents their proper functioning. It could be used as an antineoplastic agent, but it might be very toxic, with carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressant actions. It could also be used as a component of poison gases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22501 aminodiol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22478 amino alcohol An amino alcohol having two hydroxy functional groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23357 cofactor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role An organic molecule or ion (usually a metal ion) that is required by an enzyme for its activity. It may be attached either loosely (coenzyme) or tightly (prosthetic group). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23824 diol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26191 polyol A compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic. Aliphatic diols are also called glycols. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24533 heterodetic cyclic peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23449 cyclic peptide A heterodetic cyclic peptide is a peptide consisting only of amino-acid residues, but in which the linkages forming the ring are not solely peptide bonds; one or more is an isopeptide, disulfide, ester, or other bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24833 oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25699 organic ion Any organic ion with a net negative charge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2571 aliphatic alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879 alcohol An alcohol derived from an aliphatic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2580 unsaturated fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion containing at least one C-C unsaturated bond; formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26125 phytosterols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26124 phytosteroid Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26432 pyrimidine nucleobase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39447 pyrimidines A nucleobase whose skeleton is derived from pyrimidine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26607 saturated fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any fatty acid containing no carbon to carbon multiple bonds. Known to produce adverse biological effects when ingested to excess. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26829 sulfoglycolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61384 sulfolipid A sulfate ester of a glycolipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2700 anandamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134161 N-acylethanolamine 20:4 An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27026 toxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite Poisonous substance produced by a biological organism such as a microbe, animal or plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27369 zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51151 dipolar compound A neutral compound having formal unit electrical charges of opposite sign on non-adjacent atoms. Sometimes referred to as inner salts, dipolar ions (a misnomer). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27780 detergent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application A surfactant (or a mixture containing one or more surfactants) having cleaning properties in dilute solutions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35406 oxoanion The conjugate base formed when the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid is deprotonated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29985 L-glutamate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62031 polar amino acid zwitterion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of L-glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30089 acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30363 isobutane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity An alkane that is propane substituted by a methyl group at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30413 heme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33909 metallotetrapyrrole A heme is any tetrapyrrolic chelate of iron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30623 oxalate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132952 oxalate A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of oxalic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30776 hexanoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39418 straight-chain saturated fatty acid A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32395 arachidonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62920 icosatetraenoate A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group Any substituent group or skeleton containing carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33554 organosulfonate oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33708 amino-acid residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group When two or more amino acids combine to form a peptide, the elements of water are removed, and what remains of each amino acid is called an amino-acid residue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33856 aromatic amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid An amino acid whose structure includes an aromatic ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33893 reagent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application A substance used in a chemical reaction to detect, measure, examine, or produce other substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33916 aldopentose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15693 aldose A pentose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35191 triterpene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35186 terpene A C30 terpene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35195 surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63046 emulsifier A substance which lowers the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapour and/or at other interfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35223 catalyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without modifying the overall standard Gibbs energy change in the reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27369 zwitterion The zwitterionic form of an amino acid having a negatively charged carboxyl group and a positively charged amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35284 ammonium betaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35281 onium betaine Any neutral molecule having charge-separated forms with a quaternary ammonium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35343 17beta-hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36838 17-hydroxy steroid A 17-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 17 has a beta-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35526 hypoglycemic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A drug which lowers the blood glucose level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35744 carbocyclic fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59238 cyclic fatty acid Any fatty acid containing a ring composed of carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35753 tricarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion Any anion of a tricarboxylic acid formed by deprotonation of at least one carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35868 hydroxy monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24669 hydroxy carboxylic acid Any monocarboxylic acid which also contains a separate (alcoholic or phenolic) hydroxy substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35969 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61355 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that has a hydroxy group beta to the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36498 galactosylceramide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5254 galactolipid Any of the cerebrosides in which the monosaccharide head group is galactose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36587 organic oxo compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule Organic compounds containing an oxygen atom, =O, doubly bonded to carbon or another element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36700 phosphocholines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester Any compound having phosphocholine as part of its structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36836 3beta-hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35681 secondary alcohol A 3-hydroxy steroid in which the 3-hydroxy substituent is in the beta-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976 nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25608 nucleoside phosphate A nucleotide is a nucleoside phosphate resulting from the condensation of the 3 or 5 hydroxy group of a nucleoside with phosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37793 amino sulfonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33551 organosulfonic acid An organosulfonic acid containing one or more amino groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38161 chelator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52214 ligand A ligand with two or more separate binding sites that can bind to a single metallic central atom, forming a chelate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39024 clathrate compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39022 inclusion compound Inclusion compound in which the guest molecule is in a cage formed by the host molecule or by a lattice of host molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46662 mineral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance In general, a mineral is a chemical substance that is normally crystalline formed and has been formed as a result of geological processes. The term also includes metamict substances (naturally occurring, formerly crystalline substances whose crystallinity has been destroyed by ionising radiation) and can include naturally occurring amorphous substances that have never been crystalline ('mineraloids') such as georgite and calciouranoite as well as substances formed by the action of geological processes on bigenic compounds ('biogenic minerals'). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47622 acetate ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33308 carboxylic ester Any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47788 3-oxo steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3992 cyclic ketone Any oxo steroid where an oxo substituent is located at position 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47891 steroid acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64709 organic acid Any steroid substituted by at least one carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48356 protic solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48354 polar solvent A polar solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) donor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48578 radical scavenger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22586 antioxidant A role played by a substance that can react readily with, and thereby eliminate, radicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48705 agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role Substance which binds to cell receptors normally responding to naturally occurring substances and which produces a response of its own. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48927 N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21644 N-acyl-L-amino acid Any L-alpha-amino acid carrying an N-acyl substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50160 steroid acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion Any anion formed by loss of a proton from a steroid acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50266 prodrug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50402 androstanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid Any steroid based on an androstane skeleton and its derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50733 nutraceutical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A product in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide essential nutrients, such as a vitamin, an essential mineral, a protein, an herb, or similar nutritional substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A biological role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biochemical context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52290 mitogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A chemical substance that encourages a cell to commence cell division, triggering mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53291 2-halophenol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38856 halophenol A halophenol in which the halogen atom is bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to the C-OH group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53339 olefinic fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78840 olefinic compound Any fatty acid containing at least one C=C double bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58123 (2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36059 hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion where the hydroxy group is placed at position 2 (alpha to the carboxy group) and has (S)-stereochemistry; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58953 saturated fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion in which there is no C-C unsaturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59326 prostaglandin carboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62943 prostanoid anion A prostanoid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any prostaglandin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59874 N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion A carboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of an N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid arising from deprotonation of the C-1 carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60004 mixture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60164 ionic polymer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60027 polymer An ionic polymer is a polymer, composed of ionic macromolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60311 thyroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24621 hormone Any hormone produced by the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60334 peptide anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion An anion formed by deprotonation of at least one peptide carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60926 amino monosaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28963 amino sugar Any amino sugar that is a monosaccharide in which one alcoholic hydroxy group is replaced by an amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61051 lipid hydroperoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35924 peroxol Any lipid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61120 nucleobase-containing molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene Any compound that has a nucleobase as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61355 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24669 hydroxy carboxylic acid Any hydroxy carboxylic acid which contains a hydroxy group located beta- to the carboxylic acid group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61469 polyanionic polymer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60164 ionic polymer A polymer, composed of polyanion macromolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61697 fatty acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any organic molecular entity derived from a fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62488 signalling molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33280 molecular messenger A molecular messenger in which the molecule is specifically involved in transmitting information between cells. Such molecules are released from the cell sending the signal, cross over the gap between cells by diffusion, and interact with specific receptors in another cell, triggering a response in that cell by activating a series of enzyme controlled reactions which lead to changes inside the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62643 anionic phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58945 organophosphate oxoanion Any organophosphate oxoanion that is a negatively charged phospholipid, e.g. phosphatidylserine(1-), phosphatidate(2-), phosphatidylglycerol(1-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62937 icosanoid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion The carboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of an icosanoid, formed when the carboxy group is deprotonated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62942 leukotriene anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62937 icosanoid anion A eicosanoid anion that is the conjugate base of a leukotriene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63436 carbohydrate acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a carbohydrate acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63473 aromatic amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion An aromatic amino acid whose alpha-carboxylic acid group is ionized (non-protonated). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63551 carbohydrate acid derivative anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion A carboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of a carbohydrate acid derivative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64009 hydroperoxy fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any fatty acid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64012 hydroperoxy fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of any hydroperoxy fatty acid, formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64571 NMDA receptor agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50103 excitatory amino acid agonist An excitatory amino acid agonist which binds to NMDA receptors and triggers a response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64909 poison http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role Any substance that causes disturbance to organisms by chemical reaction or other activity on the molecular scale, when a sufficient quantity is absorbed by the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6495 lipoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33837 conjugated protein A clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65212 polysaccharide derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167559 glycan A carbohydrate derivative that is any derivative of a polysaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65255 food preservative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive Substances which are added to food in order to prevent decomposition caused by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65259 GABA antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48706 antagonist A compound that inhibits the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65296 primary ammonium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An ammonium ion derivative resulting from the protonation of the nitrogen atom of a primary amino compound. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_741548 ethylmalonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_189840 dicarboxylic fatty acid A dicarboxylic acid obtained by substitution of one of the methylene hydrogens of malonic acid by an ethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75768 mammalian metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75767 animal metabolite Any animal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75769 B vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Any member of the group of eight water-soluble vitamins originally thought to be a single compound (vitamin B) that play important roles in cell metabolism. The group comprises of vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12 (Around 20 other compounds were once thought to be B vitamins but are no longer classified as such). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76567 polyunsaturated fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2580 unsaturated fatty acid anion Any unsaturated fatty acid anion containing more than one C-C unsaturated bond. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78608 alpha-amino acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of any alpha-amino acid; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83039 crustacean metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75767 animal metabolite An animal metabolite produced by arthropods such as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimps and krill. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83824 L-cysteine derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23509 cysteine derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from the formal reaction of L-cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-cysteine by a heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83876 cationic sphingoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An organic cation obtained by protonation of the amino function of any sphingoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83978 L-aspartic acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83811 proteinogenic amino acid derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-aspartic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-aspartic acid by a heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84087 human urinary metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77746 human metabolite Any metabolite (endogenous or exogenous) found in human urine samples. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_86264 rat metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75768 mammalian metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in rat (Rattus norvegicus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_86327 antifungal drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35718 antifungal agent Any antifungal agent used to prevent or treat fungal infections in humans or animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21647 N-acyl-L-aspartic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21654 N-acyl-aspartic acid L-Aspartic acid substituted at nitrogen by an acyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22221 acyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group An organic group formed by removing one or more hydroxy groups from an oxoacid that has the general structure RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0). Although the term is almost always applied to organic compounds, with carboxylic acid as the oxoacid, acyl groups can in principle be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22323 alkyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33248 hydrocarbyl group A univalent group -CnH2n+1 derived from an alkane by removal of a hydrogen atom from any carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22527 aminopurine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines Any purine having at least one amino substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22563 anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22651 ascorbate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24961 ketoaldonate A ketoaldonate that is the conjugate base of ascorbic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22661 aspartic acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of aspartic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of aspartic acid by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing aspartic acid residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22868 bile salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36078 cholanoid A sodium salt of the conjugate of any bile acid with either glycine or taurine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22918 branched-chain amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid Any amino acid in which the parent hydrocarbon chain has one or more alkyl substituents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23004 carbamoyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27207 univalent carboacyl group The univalent carboacyl group formed by loss of -OH from the carboxy group of carbamic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23016 carbonates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23079 cerebroside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17761 ceramide Any member of a group of glycosphingolipids, also known as monoglycosylceramides, which are important components in animal muscle and nerve cell membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23229 chromanol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23230 chromanes Any member of the class of chromanes that is chromane substituted by one or more hydroxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23677 diazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_68452 azole An azole that is either one of a pair of heterocyclic organic compounds comprising three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms arranged in a ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24319 EC 6.3.1.2 (glutamate--ammonia ligase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76823 EC 6.3.1.* (acid-ammonia/amine ligase) inhibitor An EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of glutamate--ammonia ligase (EC 6.3.1.2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24353 glycerol ether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25698 ether Any ether having glyceryl as at least one of the O-substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24402 glycosphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26739 sphingolipid A glycosphingolipid is a glycolipid that is a carbohydrate-containing derivative of a sphingoid or ceramide. It is understood that the carbohydrate residue is attached by a glycosidic linkage to O-1 of the sphingoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24470 haloamino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83820 non-proteinogenic amino acid Any non-proteinogenic amino acid carrying at least one halo group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24532 organic heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33832 organic cyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24586 hexosamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60926 amino monosaccharide Any 6-carbon amino monosaccharide with at least one alcoholic hydroxy group replaced by an amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24651 hydroxides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24663 hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36248 5beta-cholanic acids Any member of the class of 5beta-cholanic acids carrying at least one hydroxy group at unspecified position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24741 hydroxyproline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26273 proline derivative A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24835 inorganic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity that contains no carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24859 iodine atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24473 halogen Chemical element with atomic number 53. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24862 iodoamino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37142 organoiodine compound An amino acid containing at least one iodo substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866 salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity A salt is an assembly of cations and anions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity having a net electric charge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25224 methanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62081 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate A 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate that is the conjugate base of methanesulfonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25255 methyl methanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25223 methanesulfonate ester A methanesulfonate ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with methanol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25513 neutral glycosphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24402 glycosphingolipid Any glycosphingolipid containing unsubstituted glycosyl moieties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25701 organic oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule An oxide in which the oxygen atom is bonded to a carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25710 organophosphorus compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33285 heteroorganic entity An organophosphorus compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-phosphorus bond, but the term is often extended to include esters and thioesters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25741 oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25901 pentose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35381 monosaccharide A five-carbon monosaccharide which in its linear form contains either an aldehyde group at position 1 (aldopentose) or a ketone group at position 2 (ketopentose). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25940 peroxides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25741 oxide Compounds of structure ROOR'. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26020 phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26079 phosphoric acid derivative Salts and esters of phosphoric and oligophosphoric acids and their chalcogen analogues. In inorganic chemistry, the term is also used to describe anionic coordination entities with phosphorus as central atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26167 polar amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid Any amino acid whose side chain is capable of forming one or more hydrogen bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26214 porphyrins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant Natural pigments containing a fundamental skeleton of four pyrrole nuclei united through the alpha-positions by four methine groups to form a macrocyclic structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26395 purine nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines Any nucleotide that has a purine nucleobase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26400 purine ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26395 purine nucleotide Any ribonucleotide that has a purine nucleobase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26469 quaternary nitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A nitrogen molecular entity that is electronically neutral but which contains a quaternary nitrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26714 sodium salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35479 alkali metal salt Any alkali metal salt having sodium(1+) as the cation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26738 sphingenine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46963 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26764 steroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant Any steroid that acts as hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26820 sulfates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37826 sulfuric acid derivative Salts and esters of sulfuric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26873 terpenoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24913 isoprenoid Any isoprenoid that is a natural product or related compound formally derived from isoprene units. Terpenoids may contain oxygen in various functional groups. This class is subdivided according to the number of carbon atoms in the parent terpene. The skeleton of terpenoids may differ from strict additivity of isoprene units by the loss or shift of a fragment, generally a methyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26932 tetrapyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38077 polypyrrole A natural pigment containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27376 methanesulfonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64708 one-carbon compound An alkanesulfonic acid in which the alkyl group directly linked to the sulfo functionality is methyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27470 folic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51569 N-acyl-amino acid An N-acyl-amino acid that is a form of the water-soluble vitamin B9. Its biologically active forms (tetrahydrofolate and others) are essential for nucleotide biosynthesis and homocysteine remethylation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27584 aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139590 primary alpha-hydroxy ketone A pregnane-based steroidal hormone produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland, and acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increased water retention, and increased blood pressure. The overall effect of aldosterone is to increase reabsorption of ions and water in the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28087 glycogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28892 ganglioside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17761 ceramide A molecule composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids linked on the sugar chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28918 (R)-adrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_194548 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol The R-enantiomer of adrenaline. It is a hormone secreted by the adrenal glands resulting in the 'fight-or-flight' response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28963 amino sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative Any sugar having one or more alcoholic hydroxy groups replaced by substituted or unsubstituted amino groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073 L-ascorbic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176783 vitamin C The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29101 sodium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37246 elemental sodium A monoatomic monocation obtained from sodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30661 thyronine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83925 non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid A tyrosine derivative where the phenolic hydrogen of tyrosine is substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32563 lysinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of lysine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32564 lysinium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of lysine, having two cationic amino groups and an anionic carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32627 leucinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of leucine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32628 leucinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of leucine, arising from protonation of the amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32871 prolinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of proline, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32872 prolinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of proline, arising from protonation of the amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32988 amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51143 nitrogen molecular entity An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role Intended use of the molecular entity or part thereof by humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33238 monoatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity A monoatomic entity is a molecular entity consisting of a single atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33240 coordination entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity An assembly consisting of a central atom (usually metallic) to which is attached a surrounding array of other groups of atoms (ligands). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33245 organic fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37175 organic hydride An organic fundamental parent is a structure used as a basis for substitutive names in organic nomenclature, containing, in addition to one or more hydrogen atoms, a single atom of an element, a number of atoms (alike or different) linked together to form an unbranched chain, a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system, or a ring assembly or ring/chain system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33248 hydrocarbyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33249 organyl group A univalent group formed by removing a hydrogen atom from a hydrocarbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33253 nucleon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36347 nuclear particle Heavy nuclear particle: proton or neutron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity all atoms of which have the same atomic number. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33285 heteroorganic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkali metal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity An alkaline earth molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkaline earth metal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33300 pnictogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom Any p-block element atom that is in group 15 of the periodic table: nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33302 pnictogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity A p-block molecular entity containing any pnictogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33303 chalcogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom Any p-block element belonging to the group 16 family of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33318 main group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom An atom belonging to one of the main groups (found in the s- and p- blocks) of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33452 benzylic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33249 organyl group Arylmethyl groups and derivatives formed by substitution: ArCR2-. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33521 metal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom An atom of an element that exhibits typical metallic properties, being typically shiny, with high electrical and thermal conductivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33318 main group element atom Any main group element atom belonging to the p-block of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33563 glycolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35740 liposaccharide Any member of class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar part acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol part may be absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33598 carbocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33597 homocyclic compound A homocyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33645 acyclic olefin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33641 olefin Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity A main group molecular entity that contains one or more atoms of a p-block element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33832 organic cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound Any organic molecule that consists of atoms connected in the form of a ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33937 macronutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33284 nutrient Any nutrient required in large quantities by organisms throughout their life in order to orchestrate a range of physiological functions. Macronutrients are usually chemical elements (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur) that humans consume in the largest quantities. Calcium, sodium, magnesium and potassium are sometimes included as macronutrients because they are required in relatively large quantities compared with other vitamins and minerals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35391 aspartate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132943 aspartate An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35406 oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33273 polyatomic anion An oxoanion is an anion derived from an oxoacid by loss of hydron(s) bound to oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35785 sphingoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26739 sphingolipid Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35942 neurotransmitter agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role A substance used for its pharmacological action on any aspect of neurotransmitter systems. Neurotransmitter agents include agonists, antagonists, degradation inhibitors, uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36248 5beta-cholanic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_136889 5beta steroid Members of the class of cholanic acids based on a 5beta-cholane skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36277 bile acid salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36078 cholanoid A salt of a bile acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36313 glycerophosphocholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37739 glycerophospholipid The glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine. A nutrient with many different roles in human health. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36358 polyatomic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity An ion consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36838 17-hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35350 hydroxy steroid A hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 17. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37164 homopolysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18154 polysaccharide Glycans composed of a single type of monosaccharide residue. They are named by replacing the ending '-ose' of the sugar by '-an'. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37396 proteoglycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17089 glycoprotein A glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. The protein is glycosylated by one or more (up to about 100) glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37445 folic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176842 vitamin B9 A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the pteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37838 carboacyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22221 acyl group A carboacyl group is a group formed by loss of at least one OH from the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38264 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid A branched chain amino acid that consists of 3-methylpentanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39141 Bronsted acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 acid A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39745 dihydrogenphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35780 phosphate ion A monovalent inorganic anion that consists of phosphoric acid in which one of the three OH groups has been deprotonated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46963 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35785 sphingoid An aminodiol composed of any octadecene having hydroxy functional groups at positions 1 and 3 and an amino substituent at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46964 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46963 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46965 (2R,3S)-2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46964 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol A 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol having (2R,3S)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48544 methanesulfonates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound Esters or salts of methanesulfonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33249 organyl group A univalent organyl group obtained by cleaving the bond from C-2 to the side chain of a proteinogenic amino-acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50858 corticosteroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid A natural or synthetic analogue of the hormones secreted by the adrenal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality A role is particular behaviour which a material entity may exhibit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51422 organodiyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51446 organic divalent group Any organic substituent group, regardless of functional type, having two free valences at carbon atom(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58496 N-acetyl-D-amino acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59876 N-acyl-D-alpha-amino acid anion The conjugate base of an N-acetyl-D-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58497 N-acyl-L-aspartate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28965 dicarboxylic acid dianion Conjugate base of an N-acyl-L-aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59549 essential fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26208 polyunsaturated fatty acid Any member of the sub-set of polyunsaturated fatty acid for which there is an absolute dietary requirement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59561 diamino acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion An organic anion that is the conjugate base of diamino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59698 phosphoric acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33457 phosphorus oxoacid Compounds containing one or more phosphoric acid units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59720 HPETE anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57560 long-chain fatty acid anion An anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any mono-hydroperoxy (e)icosatetraenoic acid (HPETE) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63161 glycosyl compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative A carbohydrate derivative arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to an oxygen, carbon, nitrogen or sulfur atom of a separate entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63471 branched-chain amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion A branched-chain amino acid whose alpha-carboxylic acid group is ionized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63477 iodothyroninate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An iodothyronine whose alpha carboxylic acid group of the tyrosine is ionized (not protonated). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63534 monoamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64365 aralkylamino compound An aralylamino compound which contains one amino group connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain. Monoamines are derived from aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and the thyroid hormones by the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_68452 azole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38179 monocyclic heteroarene Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76823 EC 6.3.1.* (acid-ammonia/amine ligase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75600 EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor An EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any acid-ammonia (or amine) ligase (EC 6.3.1.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_82663 elemental iron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity An elemental molecular entity in which all of the atoms have atomic number 26. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83347 organosulfonic ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33424 sulfur oxoacid derivative An ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol with an organosulfonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83811 proteinogenic amino acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative Any derivative of a proteinogenic amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, or a side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83820 non-proteinogenic amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid Any amino-acid that is not naturally encoded in the genetic code of any organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84055 pentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33447 phospho sugar Any phospho sugar that is the phosphate derivative of pentose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8504 prostanoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35744 carbocyclic fatty acid A carbocyclic fatty acid composed of heptanoic acid having a (1S,2S)-2-octylcyclopentyl substituent at position 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37835 alkatetraene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33645 acyclic olefin Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having four carbon-carbon double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37845 growth hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24621 hormone A hormone that specifically regulates growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38313 diazines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25693 organic heteromonocyclic compound Any organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring in which two of the C-H fragments have been replaced by isolobal nitrogens (the diazine parent structure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3892 corticotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33694 biomacromolecule A polypeptide hormone produced and secreted by the pituitary gland comprising 39 amino acid residues coupled in a linear sequence. The N-terminal 24-amino acid segment is identical in all species and contains the adrenocorticotrophic activity. Corticotropin stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland and boosts the synthesis of corticosteroids, mainly glucocorticoids but also sex steroids (androgens). It is used in the treatment of certain neurological disorders such as infantile spasms and multiple sclerosis, and diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39015 apolipoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13850 apoprotein Protein component on the surface of lipoprotein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39022 inclusion compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50967 non-covalently-bound molecular entity A complex in which one component (the host) forms a cavity or, in the case of a crystal, a crystal lattice containing spaces in the shape of long tunnels or channels in which molecular entities of a second chemical species (the guest) are located. There is no covalent bonding between guest and host, the attraction being generally due to van der Waals forces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39142 Bronsted base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22695 base A molecular entity capable of accepting a hydron from a donor (Bronsted acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39144 Lewis base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22695 base A molecular entity able to provide a pair of electrons and thus capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron-pair acceptor (Lewis acid), thereby producing a Lewis adduct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47773 very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50404 lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47774 low-density lipoprotein cholesterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50404 lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to low-density lipoproteins (LDL). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47775 high-density lipoprotein cholesterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50404 lipoprotein cholesterol Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47776 very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17855 triglyceride Triglycerides which are contained in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50967 non-covalently-bound molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity Systems consisting of two or more molecular entities held together by non-covalent interactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67011 folates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176842 vitamin B9 An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any folic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73398 indole skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73541 organic heterobicyclic ring A mancude heterobicyclic organic group consisting of a benzene ring fused to a pyrrole ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76773 EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76760 EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of a carboxylic ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76932 pathway inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with one or more steps in a metabolic pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50112 sex hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24621 hormone Any hormone that is responsible for controlling sexual characteristics and reproductive function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50689 reproductive control drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A substance used either in the prevention or facilitation of pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50779 appetite enhancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50780 appetite regulator A drug which increases appetite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50780 appetite regulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug An agent which regulates the physiologic mechanisms that control the appetite and food intake. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51061 hormone receptor modulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A drug that modulates the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52209 aetiopathogenetic role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof which causes the development of a pathological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52396 alpha-oxyketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52395 oxyketone An oxyketone with the general formula R2C(=O) (R=/=H) where one or more of the R groups contains an oxy (-O-) group and the oxy and carbonyl groups are bonded to the same carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76760 EC 3.1.* (ester hydrolase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76759 EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor A hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of any ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.*.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_90710 receptor modulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A drug that acts as an antagonist, agonist, reverse agonist, or in some other fashion when interacting with cellular receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61293 adenyl nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26395 purine nucleotide A nucleotide having adenine as the base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63409 pentose derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63367 monosaccharide derivative A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a pentose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76832 EC 4.3.1.* (ammonia-lyase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76713 EC 4.3.* (C-N lyase) inhibitor An EC 4.3.* (C-N lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76874 EC 2.1.2.* (hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76655 EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor An EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferase (EC 2.1.2.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71300 EC 2.* (transferase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the action of a transferase (EC 2.*) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73541 organic heterobicyclic ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52845 cyclic organic group A bicyclic organic group that contains both carbon and hetero atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83057 Daphnia metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83039 crustacean metabolite A crustacean metabolite produced by the genus of small planktonic arthropods, Daphnia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000014841 sonic hedgehog protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SHH gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000015557 spondin-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SPON1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000015658 SCO-spondin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SSPO gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000015665 somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SST gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000016043 T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human TAL1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000016275 trefoil factor 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human TFF2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000016480 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human TNFRSF11B gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018345 interleukin-1 beta proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An interleukin-1 beta that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018381 CD48 molecule proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A CD48 molecule that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018387 interleukin-7, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001317 interleukin-7 An interleukin-7 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018406 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018432 interleukin-12 subunit alpha, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001368 interleukin-12 subunit alpha An interleukin-12 subunit alpha that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018434 interleukin-12 subunit beta, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001369 interleukin-12 subunit beta An interleukin-12 subunit beta that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018435 interleukin-16 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An interleukin-16 that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018438 interleukin-18 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An interleukin-18 that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018442 interleukin-2, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001379 interleukin-2 An interleukin-2 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018450 interleukin-3, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001387 interleukin-3 An interleukin-3 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018452 interleukin-4, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001391 interleukin-4 An interleukin-4 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018454 interleukin-5, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001392 interleukin-5 An interleukin-5 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018456 interleukin-6, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001393 interleukin-6 An interleukin-6 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018460 interleukin-8, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001395 interleukin-8 An interleukin-8 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018461 interleukin-8 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An interleukin-8 that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018463 interleukin-9, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001396 interleukin-9 An interleukin-9 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018500 interleukin-10, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001471 interleukin-10 An interleukin-10 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018546 Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018547 cathepsin K proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A cathepsin K that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018568 low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018594 scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018603 transferrin receptor protein 1 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A transferrin receptor protein 1 that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018910 adiponectin, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003777 adiponectin An adiponectin that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018921 alpha-fetoprotein, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003809 alpha-fetoprotein An alpha-fetoprotein that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018931 angiotensinogen, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003847 angiotensinogen An angiotensinogen that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018932 angiotensinogen proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An angiotensinogen, signal peptide removed form that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018949 albumin, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003918 albumin An albumin that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018950 albumin proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An albumin that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018966 alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003968 alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme An alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019028 apolipoprotein E, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000004155 apolipoprotein E An apolipoprotein E that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019483 corticoliberin proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A corticoliberin that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019499 C-reactive protein, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000005897 C-reactive protein A C-reactive protein that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019500 C-reactive protein proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A C-reactive protein that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019797 erythropoietin, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007141 erythropoietin An erythropoietin that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019798 erythropoietin proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An erythropoietin that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019972 gastrin, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007856 gastrin A gastrin that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019973 gastrin proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A gastrin that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019979 pro-glucagon, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007891 pro-glucagon A pro-glucagon that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000019980 pro-glucagon proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A pro-glucagon that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020259 interferon beta 1, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000008924 interferon beta 1 An interferon beta 1 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020310 proinsulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009054 insulin gene translation product An insulin gene translation product that has had the signal peptide removed. Proinsulin consists of the insulin B and A chains linked by the C-peptide. Example: UniProtKB:P01308, 25-110. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020329 integrin alpha-IIb proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009127 integrin alpha-IIb An integrin alpha-IIb that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020357 insulin-like growth factor I proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009182 insulin-like growth factor I An insulin-like growth factor I that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020497 lactotransferrin proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009978 lactotransferrin A lactotransferrin that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020735 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011178 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit A nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020774 atrial natriuretic factor, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011374 atrial natriuretic factor An atrial natriuretic factor that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020775 atrial natriuretic factor proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011374 atrial natriuretic factor An atrial natriuretic factor that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000020835 alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000012037 alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 An alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021065 pancreatic prohormone, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013164 pancreatic prohormone A pancreatic prohormone that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021066 pancreatic prohormone proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013164 pancreatic prohormone A pancreatic prohormone that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_A2VEC9 SCO-spondin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A SCO-spondin that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P00797 renin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013883 renin A renin that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01100 protein c-Fos (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A protein c-Fos that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01236 prolactin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013246 prolactin A prolactin that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01308 insulin gene translation product (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009054 insulin gene translation product An insulin gene translation product that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01589 interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P02788 lactotransferrin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009978 lactotransferrin A lactotransferrin that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P07333 macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08575 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P10721 mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A mast/stem cell growth factor receptor that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P13591 neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A neural cell adhesion molecule 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P16150 leukosialin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A leukosialin that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P16871 interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P18827 syndecan-1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A syndecan-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P20702 integrin alpha-X (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An integrin alpha-X that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P26951 interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An interleukin-3 receptor class 2 alpha chain that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P31994 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P36888 receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q01344 interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q03405 urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9HCB6 spondin-1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A spondin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9Y6Q6 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P24807 signal transducer CD24 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A signal transducer CD24 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P25063 signal transducer CD24 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A signal transducer CD24 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P25918 B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD19 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P26952 interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An interleukin-3 receptor class 2 alpha chain that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P27814 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B member 1C (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B member 1C that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P28906 hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD34 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P28907 ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P31997 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9QXH4 integrin alpha-X (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An integrin alpha-X that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_287 islet cell adenoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_270 adenoma Usually pancreatic B cell derived tumors mostly producing insulin. (M- 8150/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_34 amyloid deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_33 intracellular and extracellular accumulation Extracellular deposition of amyloid protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_387 odontoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_379 odontogenic tumor Hamartomatous malformation of odontogenic tissue. It may vary from nondescript masses of dental tissue (complex odontoma) to multiple well-formed teeth (compound odontoma). Cf ameloblastic fibro-odontoma. (M-9280/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_429 myxomatous tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_404 soft tissue tumor Neoplasms resembling primitive mesenchymal tissue with a soft mucous matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_622 steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_33 intracellular and extracellular accumulation Abnormal retention of lipids within a cell. Physically apparent as lipid within liposomes of parenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000416 vestibulo-ocular reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "A reflex eye movement that stabilizes images on the retina during head movement by producing an eye movement in the direction opposite to head movement, thus preserving the image on the center of the visual field." [wikipedia:Vestibulo-ocular_reflex] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000446 visual pursuit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000314 visual behavior Selective tracking that follows a moving object by eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_418 liposarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma Malignant neoplasms which probably originate in primitive mesenchymal stem cell populations differentiating down a lipomatous pathway. (M-8850/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005375 adipose tissue phenotype any structural anomaly of the connective tissue composed of fat cells enmeshed in areolar tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000005 increased brown adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001778 abnormal brown adipose tissue amount increased amount of the thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000008 increased white adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001781 abnormal white adipose tissue amount increased quantity of fat-storing cells/tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue in the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000013 abnormal adipose tissue distribution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology alterations in the normal placement of body fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000015 abnormal ear pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030530 abnormal outer ear skin morphology anomaly in the coloration of the skin of the outer ear due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000017 big ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology outer ears of a greater than normal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000018 small ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology outer ears of a smaller than normal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000019 thick ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology increased width of the epidermal and cartilaginous tissue that makes up the ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000020 scaly ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology loss of the outer layer of the epidermis of the ears in thick, dry scale-like patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000021 prominent ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000023 abnormal ear position protuberant outer ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000022 abnormal ear shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000023 abnormal ear position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology anomaly in the space between or the placement of the outer ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000024 lowered ear position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000023 abnormal ear position outer ears are situated below the normal location often giving the perception of protruding from the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000025 otic hypertelorism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000023 abnormal ear position greater than normal space between the outer ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002102 abnormal ear morphology any structural anomaly of any components of the labyrinth, including the semicircular canals, vestibule and cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000028 abnormal pars superior vestibularis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002856 abnormal vestibular ganglion morphology any structural anomaly in the part of the vestibular ganglion that receives fibers from the maculae of the utricle and the sacculae and the ampullae of the anterior and lateral semicircular ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000029 abnormal malleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology any structural anomaly of the largest of the three auditory ossicles, which resembles a club or hammer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000030 abnormal tympanic ring morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology any structural anomaly of the bony ring at the ear canal to which the tympanic membrane is attached http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology any structural anomaly of the spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000032 cochlear degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000033 absent scala media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology missing spiral tube within the cochlea that contains the organ of Corti, the neuroepithelial receptor organ for hearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000034 abnormal inner ear vestibule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology any structural anomaly of the cavity between the semicircular canals and the cochlea of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000035 abnormal membranous labyrinth morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology any structural anomaly of the complex arrangement of communicating canaliculi and sacs suspended within the cavity of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000036 absent semicircular canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002428 abnormal semicircular canal morphology missing organ of balance; consists of three bony tubes within which the semicircular ducts are located http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000037 abnormal lateral semicircular canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002428 abnormal semicircular canal morphology any structural anomaly of the lateral long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000039 abnormal otic capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology any structural anomaly of the cartilage or bony capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000040 absent middle ear ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology missing small bones of the tympanic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000041 absent endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006011 abnormal endolymphatic duct morphology missing small membranous canal of the inner ear; connecting membranous labyrinth with the endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000042 abnormal organ of Corti morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology any structural anomaly associated with the highly specialized epithelium in the floor of the ductus cochlearis; also referred to a spiral organ (organum spirale), or acoustic papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000043 organ of Corti degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000042 abnormal organ of Corti morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of all or part the highly specialized epithelium in the floor of the ductus cochlearis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000044 absent organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000042 abnormal organ of Corti morphology absence of the highly specialized epithelium in the floor of the ductus cochlearis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000045 abnormal hair cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000972 abnormal mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory epithelial cells of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000046 abnormal sulcus ampullaris morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology any structural anomaly of the transverse groove on the membranous amupulla of each semicircular duct, where the nerve enters the ampullary crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000048 abnormal stria vascularis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology any structural anomaly in the stratified, secretory epithelium which lines the upper part of the cochlear spiral ligament and maintains potassium ion homeostasis in the endolymph; stria vascularis normally consists of marginal, intermediate, and basal cells: basal and marginal cell tight junctions preclude paracellular diffusion into and out of the intrastrial space while basal and intermediate cells secrete into this space potassium ions derived from fibrocytes through gap junctions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002102 abnormal ear morphology any structural anomaly of any components of the tympanic cavity or its ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000052 early ear unfolding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology early onset of the opening and spreading out of the outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000053 excessive ear growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology overly robust development of the ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000054 delayed ear emergence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology late onset of the growth of the outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000060 delayed bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification late onset of the formation of bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000061 fragile skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001542 abnormal bone strength easily damaged or broken bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000062 increased bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010119 abnormal bone mineral density increase in the quatitative measurment value of mineral content of bone; BMD is used as an indicator of bone strength used as a measure of structural strength and screen for osteoporosis; bone mineral density is the ratio of bone mineral content to bone size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000063 decreased bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010119 abnormal bone mineral density reduction in the quatitative measurment value of mineral content of bone; BMD is used as an indicator of bone strength used as a measure of structural strength and screen for osteoporosis; bone mineral density is the ratio of bone mineral content to bone size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000064 failure of bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004945 abnormal bone resorption inability to degrade the organic and inorganic phases of bone by absorption, usually by the abnormal function or by absence of osteoclasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000065 abnormal bone marrow cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of the medullary cavities of the bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000066 osteoporosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004016 decreased bone mass reduction in bone mass or atrophy of skeletal tissue; may lead to skeletal fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000067 osteopetrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005605 increased bone mass excessive formation of dense trabecular bone and excessive calcified cartilage formation; may lead to anemia and extramedullary hematopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000069 kyphoscoliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000161 scoliosis kyphosis combined with scoliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000071 axial skeleton hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002114 abnormal axial skeleton morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the axial skeleton, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000073 absent craniofacial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002116 abnormal craniofacial bone morphology missing skeletal elements comprising the cranium and face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology any structural anomaly of the bones of the skull enclosing the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000075 absent neurocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology missing bones of the skull enclosing the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000077 abnormal interparietal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the bone of the cranium that lies above and anterior to the occipital bone in some mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000078 abnormal supraoccipital bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000079 abnormal basioccipital bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010029 abnormal basicranium morphology any structural anomaly of the basilar process of the occipital bone in the base of the cranium, frequently forming a direct part of the occipital in the adult, but usually distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000080 abnormal exoccipital bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bone or region on the lateral sides of the great foremen of the skull, which often forms a part of the occipital in the adult, but is usually distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000081 premature cranial suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030435 premature craniofacial suture closure early closure of one or more of the joints (sutures) between the bones of the skull; can cause alterations in head shape, facial features, brain growth and, in rare cases, damage to the brain due to increased pressure inside the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000082 overlapping parietal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000109 abnormal parietal bone morphology parietal bones of the skull partly coincide instead of articulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000084 abnormal fontanelle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development any structural anomaly in the membranous interval at the margins of cranial bones in neonates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000085 large anterior fontanelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030388 large fontanelles enlarged diamond-shaped membranous interval at the junction of the coronal, sagittal and metopic sutures of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000087 absent mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030268 agnathia missing the lower bony framework of the mouth where the inferior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000088 short mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030384 short facial bone reduced length of the lower bony framework of the mouth where the inferior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000090 absent premaxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone missing anterior and interior portion of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000091 short premaxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030384 short facial bone length reduction or truncation of the anterior and interior portion of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000094 absent alveolar process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004189 abnormal alveolar process morphology missing projecting ridge on the inferior surface of the body of the maxilla and mandible containing the tooth sockets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000097 short maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030384 short facial bone reduced length of the upper jaw bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000098 abnormal vomer bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the triangular flat bone of the nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000099 absent vomer bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone missing triangular flat bone of the nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000100 abnormal ethmoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the single midline facial bone that separates the nasal cavity from the brain, located at the roof of the nose between the two orbits; it is cubical in shape, relatively lightweight because of its spongy construction, and contributes to the anterior cranial fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000101 absent ethmoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone missing the single midline facial bone that separates the nasal cavity from the brain, located at the roof of the nose between the two orbits; it is cubical in shape, relatively lightweight because of its spongy construction, and contributes to the anterior cranial fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000102 abnormal nasal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of either of two rectangular bone plates forming the bridge of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000103 nasal bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the nasal bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000104 abnormal sphenoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the irregularly shaped bone of the base of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000105 impaired ossification of basisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008273 abnormal intramembranous bone ossification anomaly in the formation of the bone at the base of the sphenoid bone; arises from an ossification center independent of the remainder of the sphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000106 abnormal basisphenoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010029 abnormal basicranium morphology any structural anomaly of part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the single bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000108 midline facial cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008797 facial cleft incomplete merging or fusion of the tissues (e.g. the two globular processes) along the facial midline that normally unite to form the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000109 abnormal parietal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology any structural anomaly of either of a pair of membranous bones of the roof of the skull located between the frontal and occipital bones that are large, curved and quadrilateral in outline, articulate with each other at the midline in the sagittal suture, and form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000111 cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021164 oral cleft congenital fissure of the tissues normally uniting to form the palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000114 cleft chin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030243 abnormal chin morphology incomplete fusion of the chin; usually a fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any anomaly in the formation of the teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000117 absent tooth placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030510 abnormal tooth placode morphology missing the local thickening that is normally formed within the primary dental lamina and grows into a solid epithelial tooth bud that invades the underlying mesenchyme; the placodes consist of thickened epithelium and underlying neural crest derived mesenchyme, and they function as the first signaling centers of the tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000118 arrest of tooth development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development failure of differentiation of the teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000119 abnormal tooth eruption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development any anomaly in the developmental process in which a tooth moves in an axial and occlusal direction from its developmental position within the alveolar crypt in the jaw to its final functional position in the occlusal plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000120 malocclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030540 misaligned teeth perturbations in the normal patterned arrangement of the teeth or alignment of the jaw, resulting in the incorrect position of biting or chewing surfaces of the upper and lower teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000121 failure of tooth eruption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000119 abnormal tooth eruption inability of the teeth to grow into the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000122 premature tooth eruption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000119 abnormal tooth eruption early onset of the growth of the teeth out of the gums http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000125 absent incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030609 decreased incisor number absence of the pairs of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000126 brittle teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology fragile and likely to break teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000127 degenerate molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002689 abnormal molar morphology deterioration or loss over time of the molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000128 growth retardation of molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development developmental delay of the growth of the molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000129 ameloblast degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002650 abnormal ameloblast morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the epithelial cells of the inner later of the enamel organ of the developing tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000130 abnormal trabecular bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of bone that has a lattice-like or spongy structure; it is highly vascular and contains intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000131 abnormal long bone epiphysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the rounded end of a long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000132 thickened long bone epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000131 abnormal long bone epiphysis morphology wider than normal rounded end of a long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000133 abnormal long bone metaphysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the conical section of bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis of the long bones; this section grows during childhood and juvenile stages and is completely ossified in adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000134 abnormal compact bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003797 abnormal compact bone morphology reduced or increased width of the superficial layer of compact bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000135 decreased compact bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000134 abnormal compact bone thickness thinner than normal superficial layer of compact bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000136 abnormal microglial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology any structural anomaly of the small, migratory, phagocytic, interstitial cells derived from myeloid progenitor cells and found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system; microglia are scavengers, engulfing dead cells and other debris, and in Alzheimer's disease, microglia are found associated with dying nerve cells and amyloid plaques http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology any structural anomaly of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000138 absent vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology missing all of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000139 absent vertebral transverse processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004600 abnormal vertebral transverse process morphology loss of the bony protrusions on either side of the arch of a vertebrae at the point where the lamina joins the pedicle, between the superior and inferior articular processes; muscles and ligaments attach to these processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000140 absent vertebral pedicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004604 abnormal vertebral pedicle morphology loss of the two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body to the laminae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000141 abnormal vertebral body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of the main cylindrical portion of the vertebra ventral to the vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004508 abnormal pectoral girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of either or both of the large, flat bones of the back part of the shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology any structural anomaly of the bones forming the bony wall of the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000151 absent ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003345 decreased rib number absence of all the pairs of bony structures that make up the body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000152 absent proximal rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology missing part of rib structures near the spine, ribs do not contact vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000153 rib bifurcation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology forking or division of ribs, may be a result of partial rib fusions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000154 rib fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology appearance of one or more ribs as a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000155 asymmetric rib joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004625 abnormal rib joint morphology loss of bilateral symmetry in rib attachments to the vertebral column or to the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology any structural anomaly of the long flat bone of the chest that articulates with clavicle and first seven rib pairs; from rostral to caudal positions, the sternum consists of three parts: manubrium, body, and xiphoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000158 absent sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology missing long flat bone of the chest; articulates with clavicle and first seven rib pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000159 abnormal xiphoid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology any structural anomaly of the caudal tip of the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000160 kyphosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004174 abnormal spine curvature forward curvature of the spine, characterized by extensive flexion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000161 scoliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004174 abnormal spine curvature lateral and rotational curvature of the spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000162 lordosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004174 abnormal spine curvature anteriorly convex curvature of the spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000163 abnormal cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue found primarily in joints, walls of the thorax, and tubular structures, but which also comprises most of the skeleton in early fetal life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000164 abnormal cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development anomaly in the formation of the nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue found primarily in joints, walls of the thorax, and tubular structures, but which also comprises most of the skeleton in early fetal life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000165 abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003055 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology anomaly of the layer of the epiphyseal plate of a long bone where chondrocytes mature and enlarge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000166 abnormal chondrocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000163 abnormal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000167 decreased chondrocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000166 abnormal chondrocyte morphology fewer than normal numbers of polymorphic cells that form cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000168 abnormal bone marrow development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002450 abnormal lymph organ development anomaly in the formation of the soft, pulpy tissue filling the medullary cavities of bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000172 abnormal bone marrow cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002398 abnormal bone marrow cell morphology/development increased or decreased number of cells that make up the core cavities of bones when compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000175 absent bone marrow cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000333 decreased bone marrow cell number lack of all cells that make up the core cavities of bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000180 abnormal circulating cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003949 abnormal circulating lipid level anomaly in the amount in the blood of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000181 abnormal circulating LDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020151 abnormal circulating non-HDL cholesterol level any anomaly in the amount in the blood of the lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports cholesterol out of the arteries and around the body, for use by various tissues in normal bodily functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000182 increased circulating LDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005178 increased circulating cholesterol level greater amount in the blood of the lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports cholesterol out of the arteries and around the body, for use by various tissues in normal bodily functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000183 decreased circulating LDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005179 decreased circulating cholesterol level reduced amount in the blood of the lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports cholesterol out of the arteries and around the body, for use by various tissues in normal bodily functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000184 abnormal circulating HDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010330 abnormal circulating lipoprotein level any anomaly in the amount in the blood of the small lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports cholesterol out of the arteries and to the liver for reprocessing or excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000186 decreased circulating HDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005179 decreased circulating cholesterol level reduced amount in the blood of the small lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports cholesterol out of the arteries and to the liver for reprocessing or excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000187 abnormal triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level any anomaly in the concentration of triglyceride, a glycerol esterified at each of its three hydroxyl groups by a fatty acid; triglyceride is an important molecule for storage of fatty acids in adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000188 abnormal circulating glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of the major monosaccharide of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000189 hypoglycemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005560 decreased circulating glucose level low levels of plasma glucose in the circulating blood; this generally refers to a pathological state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000192 abnormal mineral level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005636 abnormal mineral homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of any inorganic substance that has importance in body functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000194 increased circulating calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001562 abnormal circulating calcium level abnormally high concentration of calcium ions in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000195 decreased circulating calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001562 abnormal circulating calcium level subnormal concentrations of calcium ions in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000198 decreased circulating phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001565 abnormal circulating phosphate level abnormally low concentrations of phosphates in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000199 abnormal circulating serum albumin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level anomaly in the blood level of the major blood protein that is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure, fatty acid transport and transporting large organic molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000202 abnormal circulating alkaline phosphatase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of the enzyme which hydrolyzes orthophosphoric monoesters; low levels are seen in cases of hypophosphatasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000203 abnormal circulating aspartate transaminase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of the enzyme which catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000208 decreased hematocrit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002596 abnormal hematocrit less than the average percentage of a volume of a blood sample occupied by red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000215 absent erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002875 decreased erythrocyte cell number lack of mature red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000216 absent erythroid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008973 decreased erythroid progenitor cell number lack of progenitors of the erythrocyte lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000217 abnormal leukocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011180 abnormal hematopoietic cell number any anomaly in the number of nucleated cells of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000218 increased leukocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011181 increased hematopoietic cell number greater than normal number of nucleated cells of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000219 increased neutrophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012440 abnormal neutrophil cell number greater than normal number of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000220 increased monocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012441 abnormal monocyte cell number greater count of the large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000221 decreased leukocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011182 decreased hematopoietic cell number reduction in the number of nucleated cells of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000222 decreased neutrophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012440 abnormal neutrophil cell number reduced count of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000223 decreased monocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012441 abnormal monocyte cell number reduced count of the large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000226 abnormal mean corpuscular volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology deviation from normal for the average amount of space occupied by each red blood cell, calculated from the hematocrit and red cell count, in erythrocyte indices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000228 abnormal thrombopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004720 abnormal platelet morphology abnormal development of the non-nucleated cells of the blood (platelets, thrombocytes) involved in blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000229 abnormal megakaryocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the giant 50 to 100 micron diameter cells with greatly lobulated nuclei found in the bone marrow; mature blood platelets are released from their cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000230 abnormal systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology altered tension of the blood within the systemic arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000231 hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002842 increased systemic arterial blood pressure sustained high blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000233 abnormal blood flow velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation any anomaly in the rate of flow of the blood through vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000238 absent pre-B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008209 decreased pre-B cell number absence of the cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain and are in the process of V-J rearrangement of the light chain: these cells express mu heavy chain on the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000239 absent common myeloid progenitor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008813 decreased common myeloid progenitor cell number lack of progenitor cells committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000240 extramedullary hematopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002123 abnormal definitive hematopoiesis formation and development of blood cells outside the bone marrow, e.g., in the spleen, liver, or lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000242 impaired fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005410 abnormal fertilization defect or reduced ability in the process beginning with penetration of the secondary oocyte by the spermatozoon and completed by fusion of the male and female pronuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000243 myoclonus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000947 convulsive seizures involuntary shock-like contractions, variable in rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a group of muscles; generally due to a central nervous system lesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000245 abnormal erythropoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology atypical process of the formation of enucleated fetal and adult erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000248 macrocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology condition in which erythrocytes are larger than normal in size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000249 abnormal blood vessel physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031170 abnormal vasculature physiology any functional anomaly of any of the tubes that convey blood including the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000250 abnormal vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005620 abnormal muscle contractility anomaly in the narrowing of the blood vessels by smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000255 blood vessel congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000256 echinocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology a state in which the red blood cells have multiple small projections appearing over the cell circumference resembling a small burr or a sea urchin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development aberrant process of vascular formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000260 abnormal angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development aberrant process of blood vessel formation and the subsequent remodeling process; does not refer to the initial establishment of the vascular network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000262 poor arterial differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003410 abnormal artery development failure of or inadequate acquisition of the characteristics and/or functions of the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000263 absent organized vascular network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001622 abnormal vasculogenesis formation of vasculature, but failure to differentiate into stereotypic organized pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000264 failure of vascular branching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003227 abnormal vascular branching morphogenesis failure of vasculature to form divisions (offshoots) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000265 blood vessel atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology abnormal closure or absence of the lumen of one or more blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology any structural anomaly of the hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000269 abnormal heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any anomaly in the characteristic morphogenetic movements where the primitive heart tube loops asymmetrically during early development; this looping brings the primitive heart chambers into alignment preceding their future integration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000270 abnormal heart tube morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of the primitive epithelial cardiac tube before the division into the chambers of the mature heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the main trunk of the systemic arterial system that originates from the base of the left ventricle of the heart and extends to the abdomen at the point where it branches into the common iliac arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000273 overriding aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010426 abnormal heart and great artery attachment congenitally abnormal position of the aorta where the valve origin straddles the ventral septum and so receives ejected blood from the right ventricle as well as the left, frequently in conjunction with a ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000274 enlarged heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly increase over normal size of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000275 heart hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000274 enlarged heart increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000276 heart right ventricle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010630 abnormal cardiac muscle tissue morphology enlargement of heart right ventricular wall from the increase in size of its cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000277 abnormal heart shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology any structural anomaly of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative, cardiac muscle fibers, the multinucleated muscle cells of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000279 ventricular hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart ventricle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000280 thin ventricular wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020135 abnormal heart ventricle wall thickness decreased depth of the cardiac wall of the heart ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000281 abnormal interventricular septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006113 abnormal heart septum morphology any structural anomaly of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart; the ventricular septum consists of a very small membranous portion just beneath the aortic valve, and a large thick muscular portion consisting of three sections including the inlet septum, the trabecular septum, and the outlet septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000282 abnormal interatrial septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006113 abnormal heart septum morphology any structural anomaly of the thin membranous structure between the two heart atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000284 double outlet right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010426 abnormal heart and great artery attachment both the aorta and the pulmonary trunk originate, either in whole or in part, from the right ventricle; often found in conjunction with a ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of the membranous folds of the heart that prevent reflux of fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology any structural anomaly of the valve that is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart, and contains two cusps, the anterior cusp and the posterior cusp, attached to the outer fibrous ring (annulus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000287 heart valve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in any of the heart valves, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000288 abnormal pericardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of the fibroserous membrane covering the heart and beginning of the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000291 enlarged pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000288 abnormal pericardium morphology extended fibroserous membrane covering the heart and beginning of the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000292 distended pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000288 abnormal pericardium morphology an expansion in the volume of the sac-like structure contained by the outer parietal layer of the pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000293 absent myocardial trabeculae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002189 abnormal myocardial trabeculae morphology absence of the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000295 trabecula carnea hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010503 myocardial trabeculae hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000296 absent trabeculae carneae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004067 abnormal trabecula carnea morphology missing supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000297 abnormal atrioventricular cushion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006107 abnormal fetal atrioventricular canal morphology any structural anomaly of the mounds of embryonic connective tissue that bulge into the fetal atrioventricular canal; these mounds eventually fuse to form the valves between the right and left atrioventricular orifices and the atrioventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000298 absent atrioventricular cushions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000297 abnormal atrioventricular cushion morphology absence of the mounds of embryonic connective tissue that bulge into the fetal atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000299 failure of atrioventricular cushion closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010599 abnormal fetal atrioventricular canal septation failure of the mounds of embryonic connective tissue that bulge into the fetal atrioventricular canal to fuse to form the valves between the right and left atrioventricular orifices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000300 thin atrioventricular cushion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000301 decreased atrioventricular cushion size reduced thickness of the mounds of embryonic connective tissue that bulge into the fetal atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000301 decreased atrioventricular cushion size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000297 abnormal atrioventricular cushion morphology smaller than normal mounds of embryonic connective tissue that bulge into the fetal atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000304 abnormal cardiac stroke volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation anomaly in the volume of blood pushed into the aorta with each beat of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000313 abnormal cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any anomaly in the cessation of function at the cellular level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000314 schistocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002643 poikilocytosis the appearance of poikilocytes in the blood that owe their abnormal shape to fragmentation occurring as the cells flow through damaged small vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000315 hemoglobinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level the presence of hemoglobin in the urine, including certain closely related pigments that are formed from slight alteration of the hemoglobin molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000316 cellular necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000313 abnormal cell death pathologic death of cells, usually from irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000321 increased bone marrow cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000172 abnormal bone marrow cell number increased number of cells that make up the core cavities of bones when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000322 increased granulocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020201 abnormal granulocyte number greater than expected number of leukocytes that have abundant granules in the cytoplasm, including basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000324 increased mast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020203 abnormal mast cell number greater than expected number of the cells that are found in almost all tissues, containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000327 hemosiderinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis the presence of hemosiderin in the urine; hemosiderin is an intracellular storage form of iron, found in the form of pigmented yellow to brown granules consisting of a complex of ferric hydroxides, polysaccharides, and proteins with an iron content of about 33 per cent by weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000328 increased enterocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000481 abnormal enterocyte cell number greater than expected number of the epithelial cells that have an apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000332 hemoglobinemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level the presence of free hemoglobin in the blood plasma, an indication of significant intravascular hemolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000333 decreased bone marrow cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000172 abnormal bone marrow cell number decreased number of cells that make up the core cavities of bones when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000334 decreased granulocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020201 abnormal granulocyte number fewer than expected number of leukocytes that have abundant granules in the cytoplasm, including basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000336 decreased mast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020203 abnormal mast cell number fewer than expected number of the cells that are found in almost all tissues, containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000339 decreased enterocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000481 abnormal enterocyte cell number fewer than expected number of the epithelial cells that have an apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000341 abnormal bile color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005085 abnormal gallbladder physiology any change in the color of the bile from the normal yellowish brown or green http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000343 abnormal response to cardiac infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury change in the physiological response to necrosis of the cardiac tissue, often resulting from the sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply due to emboli, thrombi or mechanical factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000344 absent Cajal-Retzius cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008031 decreased Cajal-Retzius cell number the absence of a distinct population of large, bipolar cells, distributed in a continuous band along the marginal zone of the cortex extending to the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000346 broad head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape a greater ear- to -ear distance resulting in the appearance of a wide face and a flattened snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000348 abnormal aerobic fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any change in the metabolism resulting in an altered ability to do physical work; for example, alterations in running capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000350 abnormal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology anomaly in the ability of a cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000351 increased cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000350 abnormal cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000352 decreased cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000350 abnormal cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000358 abnormal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005384 cellular phenotype any structural anomaly of the minute protoplasmic masses that make up organized tissues and which are the fundamental structural and functional units of living organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000359 abnormal mast cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002441 abnormal granulocyte morphology any structural anomaly of a cell that is found in almost all tissues, containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000361 decreased mast cell protease storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000359 abnormal mast cell morphology reduced amounts of proteolytic enzymes stored in mast cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000362 decreased mast cell histamine storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000359 abnormal mast cell morphology reduced amounts of histamine stored in mast cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000364 abnormal vascular regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009577 abnormal developmental vascular remodeling premature regression or persistence of vessels programmed to regress and/or loss of vessels not programmed to regress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000367 abnormal coat/ hair morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology any anomaly in the color, structure, growth, or texture of the hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000370 head blaze http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation the appearance of a stripe of white fur on the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000371 diluted coat color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation a coat color that appears lighter in intensity or paler than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000372 irregular coat pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation uneven coloration of the hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000373 belly spot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002938 white spotting the appearance of a round area of white fur on the belly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000376 folliculitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response inflammatory reaction in hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030572 abnormal pilosebaceous unit morphology any structural anomaly of the invagination of the epidermis from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000378 absent hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology missing epidermal invaginations from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000379 decreased hair follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology fewer number of the epidermal invaginations from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000380 small hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology reduced size of the invagination of the epidermis from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000381 enlarged hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology increased size of the epidermal invaginations from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000382 underdeveloped hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003704 abnormal hair follicle development arrest of or retarded differentiation of the epidermal invaginations from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000383 abnormal hair follicle orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology misaligned hair follicles; hair follicles that do not orient in a typical pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000384 distorted hair follicle pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology twisted or contorted configuration of the arrangement of hair follicles in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000385 distended hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology follicles that have swollen or expanded from the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000387 disorganized inner root sheath cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010685 abnormal hair follicle inner root sheath morphology disorganization of the epithelial cells that resides in the inner root sheath of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000388 absent hair follicle inner root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010685 abnormal hair follicle inner root sheath morphology absence of the multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath; the layers of the inner root sheath include the companion layer, Henle's layer, Huxley's layer and the inner root sheath cuticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000389 disorganized outer root sheath cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010684 abnormal hair follicle outer root sheath morphology disordered enveloping layer of cells of the hair follicle; surrounds inner root and is continuous with basal and spinous layers of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000390 disorganized matrix sheath cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010686 abnormal hair follicle matrix region morphology disordered layer of matrix cells of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000391 premature hair follicle generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003704 abnormal hair follicle development early onset of hair follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000392 accelerated hair follicle regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003875 abnormal hair follicle regression earlier onset of catagen phase during the cyclic transformation of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000393 persistent hair follicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003704 abnormal hair follicle development continuous induction of de novo hair follicles in the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000394 absent hair follicle melanin granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005072 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule morphology absence of the pigment polymers located in the hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000396 increased curvature of hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology greater bending arch of the distinct C- or S- shaped curvature of the hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000397 abnormal guard hair morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000367 abnormal coat/ hair morphology any structural anomaly of the long, straight truncal hairs that contain two air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000398 splitting of guard hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000397 abnormal guard hair morphology intercellular splits and kinks within or along the hair shaft of the long, straight truncal hairs that contain two air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000399 increased curvature of guard hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000397 abnormal guard hair morphology greater bending arch of the guard hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000400 abnormal awl hair morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000367 abnormal coat/ hair morphology any structural anomaly of truncal hairs that are straight, but are shorter than guard hairs, and contain two or more air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000401 increased curvature of awl hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000400 abnormal awl hair morphology greater bending arch of the awl hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000402 abnormal zigzag hair morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000367 abnormal coat/ hair morphology any structural anomaly or amount of the truncal hairs that have two or more sharp bends with diameter constrictions at the bends, and contain one air cell in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000403 increased curvature of zigzag hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000402 abnormal zigzag hair morphology greater bending arch of the zigzag hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000404 decreased curvature of zigzag hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000402 abnormal zigzag hair morphology smaller bending arch of the zigzag hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000405 abnormal auchene hair morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000367 abnormal coat/ hair morphology any structural anomaly of truncal hairs having a single constriction and bend about midway along the hair shaft, and contain two or more air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000406 increased curvature of auchene hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000405 abnormal auchene hair morphology greater bending arch of the auchene hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000407 abnormal duvet hair morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000367 abnormal coat/ hair morphology any structural anomaly of the fine under hair of the coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000408 absent duvet hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000407 abnormal duvet hair morphology absence of the of the fine under hair of the coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000410 waved hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance hair or fur having undulations or a sinusoidal shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000411 shiny fur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance fur with a glossy or glistening appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000412 excessive hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth greater amount of body hair compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000413 polyphalangy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005306 abnormal phalanx morphology increased number of phalanges in any of the digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000414 alopecia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth absence of hair due to loss of hair; not in reference to primary genetic hairlessness but may be due to dietary, stress or secondary to immune condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000416 sparse hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth body hair that is less dense; may be due to reduced follicle numbers or due to the inability to retain some of the hairs of the coat over time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000417 short hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth reduced average length of the hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000418 focal hair loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth focal absence of hair in areas where hair is normally expected; in rodents, often appearing behind the ears and on the tail, resulting in visible patches of skin and uneven spots of hair growth on the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000420 ruffled hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance fuzzy, irregular appearance of the hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000421 mottled coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005366 variegated coat color coat has spots, streaks, and/or blotches of a different color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000422 delayed hair appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth late onset of the first appearance of the fur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000423 delayed hair regrowth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000427 abnormal hair cycle slow initiation and asynchrony of the hair growth cycle (anagen) after catagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000424 retarded hair growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth slow growth of the hair, appears at normal time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000425 loss of eyelid cilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013895 abnormal eyelid cilium morphology inability to retain the eyelashes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000426 ectopic hair growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth positional abnormality of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000427 abnormal hair cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010680 abnormal skin adnexa physiology aberrant timing of growth and regression of the hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000428 abnormal craniofacial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005382 craniofacial phenotype any structural anomaly of the face or head affecting appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000430 absent maxillary shelf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004538 abnormal maxillary shelf morphology missing bony projection of the maxilla that normally fuses with palatine shelf to form secondary (hard) palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000431 absent palatine bone horizontal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004537 abnormal palatine bone horizontal plate morphology missing bony plate of the palatine bone that normally fuses with maxillary shelf to form secondary (hard) palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype any structural anomaly of the portion of the body containing the brain and organs of sight, hearing, taste, and smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000433 microcephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011496 abnormal head size an abnormally small head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000434 megacephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011496 abnormal head size an abnormally large size of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000435 shortened head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape reduced anterior-posterior length of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000436 abnormal head movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001388 abnormal stationary movement any anomaly in the motion of the portion of the body containing the brain and organs of sight, hearing, taste, and smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000437 taut facial appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology skin of face has appearance of being drawn or pulled tightly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002116 abnormal craniofacial bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bones of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000439 enlarged cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size increased size of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000440 domed cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology increased curvature to the hemispherical shape of the upper cranial case http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000441 increased cranium width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size having an increased side-to-side, or lateral distance of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior facial part of the face or muzzle containing the oral and nasal regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000445 short snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030190 small snout reduced length of the anterior facial part of the muzzle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000446 long snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology the anterior facial part of the muzzle having a length greater than seen in controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000447 flattened snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology a snout flattened laterally along the whole length without the appearance of distinctive curvature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000448 pointed snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology muzzle tapers to a small tip, sharper angle than wild type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000449 broad nasal bridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030033 abnormal nasal bridge morphology wider than normal upper part of the ridge of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000450 absent snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology absence of the anterior facial part of the face or muzzle containing the oral and nasal regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000451 scaly muzzle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology loss of the outer layer of the epidermis of the muzzle in thick, dry scale-like patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the proximal portion of the digestive tract containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000453 absent mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology congenital absence of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the bony framework of the mouth where the teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000455 abnormal maxilla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology any structural anomaly of the upper bony framework of the mouth where the superior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000457 maxilla hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the maxilla, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000458 abnormal mandible morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology any structural anomaly of the lower bony framework of the mouth where the inferior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000459 abnormal presacral vertebrae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of the vertebrae anterior to the sacrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000460 mandible hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mandible, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000461 decreased presacral vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004645 decreased vertebrae number reduced number of the vertebrae anterior to the sacrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005381 digestive/alimentary phenotype any structural anomaly of the system dedicated to the mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic processing of food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000464 increased presacral vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004644 increased vertebrae number greater number of the vertebrae anterior to the sacrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000465 gastrointestinal hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology bleeding in the stomach and/or the intestines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000466 esophageal epithelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000468 abnormal esophageal epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the esophageal epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the digestive canal through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000468 abnormal esophageal epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer that lines the luminal space of the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000469 abnormal esophageal squamous epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000468 abnormal esophageal epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the scaly epithelial layer of the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly of the hollow, sac-like structure of the digestive canal between the esophagus and the small intestine that functions to emulsify food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000471 abnormal stomach epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010792 abnormal stomach mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000472 abnormal stomach non-glandular epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000471 abnormal stomach epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the squamous epithelium that lines the distinct rodent non-glandular region of the stomach, i.e. the forestomach (aka anterior or proximal stomach); in neonatal and adult mice, this epithelium is stratified, fully keratinized, and devoid of gastric glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000473 abnormal stomach glandular epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000471 abnormal stomach epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the gland-containing epithelial layer of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000474 abnormal foregut morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development any structural anomaly of the anterior portion of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo that lies cephalic to the junction of the yolk stalk, consists of endodermal tissue, and gives rise to the pharynx, lower respiratory system, esophagus, stomach, duodenum proximal to the biliary tract, liver, pancreas, biliary tract, and gall bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus, consisting of the small and large intestine divisions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000478 delayed intestine development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010158 abnormal intestine development slowed progression to a structurally mature intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000479 abnormal enterocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000488 abnormal intestinal epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial cells that have an apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000480 increased rib number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology greater than normal numbers of the pairs of bony structures that are elements of the body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000481 abnormal enterocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000479 abnormal enterocyte morphology deviation from the normal numbers of enterocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000482 long fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004695 increased length of long bones increased length of the lateral and smaller of bone of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000484 abnormal pulmonary artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology any structural anomaly of the artery that arises from the right ventricle and conveys unaerated blood to the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000486 abnormal pulmonary trunk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the pulmonary artery that arises from the right ventricle to the division of the right and left pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000487 absent enterocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000339 decreased enterocyte cell number absence of the epithelial cells that have an apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000488 abnormal intestinal epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the cellular avascular layer of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000489 abnormal large intestine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the digestive tube extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, consisting of the cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000490 abnormal crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000491 crypts of Lieberkuhn abscesses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000490 abnormal crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology an exudate collection associated with inflammation in the crypts of Lieberkuhn of the intestinal mucosa; often associated with ulcerative colitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000492 abnormal rectum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000489 abnormal large intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the terminal portion of the intestinal tube adjacent to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000493 rectal prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000492 abnormal rectum morphology downward movement and external appearance of the rectum through the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000489 abnormal large intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000495 abnormal colon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000489 abnormal large intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the digestive tube between the stomach and the cecum, consisting of the duodenum, ileum and jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000497 abnormal small intestine placement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014023 abnormal intestine placement different location or arrangement of the small intestinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000498 absent jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004002 abnormal jejunum morphology missing portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000499 absent ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002581 abnormal ileum morphology missing portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000500 small intestinal prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology the descent of the small intestine through a weakness in the supporting tissues at the apex of the vagina gives rise to an enterocele, frequently caused by a weakness or separation of the cardinal and sacro-uterine ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001664 abnormal digestion anomaly in the production and/or release of a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from a cell or a gland of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000503 excessive digestive secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion increase in the production and/or release of a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from a cell or a gland of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000505 decreased digestive secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion reduction in the production and/or release of a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from a cell or a gland of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000507 absent digestive secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion failure to produce and/or release a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from a cell or a gland of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000508 right-sided isomerism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004133 heterotaxia anomaly in the asymmetry of the visceral paired organs (e.g. lungs) such that organs on the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the right side of the body; this may also be associated with absence of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000510 remittent intestinal hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031154 intestinal hemorrhage loss of blood from the intestines that is characterized by temporary periods of abatement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000511 abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous lining of the intestine; this consists of epithelium, lamina propria, and a layer of smooth muscle cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000512 intestinal ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003300 gastrointestinal ulcer lesions in the mucous lining of the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005367 renal/urinary system phenotype any structural anomaly of any of the organs or tissues responsible for fluid volume regulation, regulating electrolytes, maintaining acid-base homeostasis, and elimination of water and water soluble waste products in an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000519 hydronephrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004194 abnormal kidney pelvis morphology dilation of the pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000520 absent kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology absence of the two excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000521 abnormal kidney cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the outer portion of the kidney located between the renal capsule and the renal medulla and involved in ultrafiltration; it contains the renal corpuscles, the renal tubules (except for parts of the loop of Henle which descend into the renal medulla), blood vessels and cortical collecting ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000522 kidney cortex cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003675 kidney cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in the kidney cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000523 cortical renal glomerulopathies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology any disease of the capillary plexus in the kidney cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000524 decreased renal tubule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology fewer of the loops of Henle, the proximal convoluted tubules or the distal convoluted tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000525 renal tubular acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003031 acidosis a clinical syndrome characterized by the inability to acidify urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000526 small inner medullary pyramid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011333 abnormal kidney inner medulla morphology reduced size of pyramidal masses; contain part of the secreting tubules and collecting tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000527 abnormal kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003942 abnormal urinary system development any anomaly in the differentiation of the paired organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000528 delayed kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000527 abnormal kidney development late onset of the induction and/or differentiation of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000530 abnormal kidney vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that carries blood through the organ of excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000531 right pulmonary isomerism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010853 abnormal lung position or orientation anomaly in the asymmetry of the lung such that the lobes on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the right side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000532 kidney vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010017 visceral vascular congestion obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the organ of secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000533 kidney hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology bleeding in the organ of excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000535 ureter urothelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011484 abnormal ureter urothelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ureter urothelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000536 hydroureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology distention of the ureter with urine, due to blockage from any cause http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of the fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000539 distended urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology stretched musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000540 abnormal urinary bladder urothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003630 abnormal urothelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000542 left-sided isomerism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004133 heterotaxia anomaly in the asymmetry of the visceral paired organs (e.g. lungs) such that organs on the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the left side of the body; this may also be associated with the presence of multiple spleens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000543 absent urinary bladder urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000540 abnormal urinary bladder urothelium morphology missing the transitional epithelial layer of the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000544 thin urinary bladder urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000540 abnormal urinary bladder urothelium morphology decrease in the thickness of the transitional epithelial layer of the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000547 short limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology reduced average length of the extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000548 long limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology increased average length of the extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000549 absent limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology absence of the projecting paired appendages of an animal trunk, used in particular for movement and grasping; usually denotes the arm and/or legs in mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000550 abnormal forelimb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology any structural anomaly of the projecting rostral-most paired appendages of an animal trunk, used in particular for movement and grasping; usually denotes the arm or front limb in mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000551 absent forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000550 abnormal forelimb morphology absence of the projecting rostral-most paired appendages of an animal trunk, used in particular for movement and grasping; usually denotes the arm or front limb in mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000552 abnormal radius morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the short bone of the lateral forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000553 absent radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000552 abnormal radius morphology missing the short bone of the lateral forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000554 abnormal carpal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002115 abnormal limb bone morphology any structural anomaly of the nine nodular bones of the joint between the forelimb bones and the front paws/hands consisting of the scapholunar, triangular, greater multiangular, lesser multiangular, capitate, hamate, centrale and the sesamoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000555 absent carpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000554 abnormal carpal bone morphology absence of any or all of the nine nodular bones of the joint between the forelimb bones and the front paws/hands, consisting of the scapholunar, triangular, greater multiangular, lesser multiangular, capitate, hamate, centrale and the sesamoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000556 abnormal hindlimb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology any structural anomaly of the projecting caudal-most paired appendages of an animal trunk, used in particular for movement and grasping; usually denotes the legs or back limbs in mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000557 absent hindlimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000556 abnormal hindlimb morphology absence of the projecting caudal-most paired appendages of an animal trunk, used in particular for movement and grasping; usually denotes the legs or back limbs in mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000558 abnormal tibia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000561 adactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology missing one or more digits, or all digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000562 polydactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology greater than the normal complement of digits on one or more autopods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000564 syndactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology any degree of webbing or fusion of the digits, may involve only soft tissues or also can include bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000565 oligodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology congenital condition in which some digits or parts of digits are missing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000566 synostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology osseous union of two bones that are not normally connected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000567 truncated digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology absence of the most distal region of the digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000568 ectopic digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology positional abnormality of a digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000569 abnormal digit pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology anomaly in the coloration of the fingers or toes due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000571 interdigital webbing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000564 syndactyly fold of skin, or web, between the toes that is not normally present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology any structural anomaly of the distal elements of the limb of vertebrates including the pedal or prehensile appendages (e.g. hand, foot, paw, phalanges and/or digits) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000573 increased hindlimb autopod size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020242 increased autopod size larger than average size of the rear feet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000574 abnormal foot pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology any structural anomaly of the body of fat on the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000575 increased foot pad pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030051 increased foot pigmentation darker color of the foot pads due to excess pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000576 clubfoot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology congenital deformation of the autopods; hind or forelimb foot is plantarflexed, inverted and adducted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000577 absent eccrine glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013458 decreased eccrine gland number absence of the coiled tubular glands situated on the digits and footpads of the paws of rodents, and both in the histologically thick skin of the palmar and plantar surfaces and in the thin skin that covers most of the rest of the body in humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000578 ulcerated autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology inflammatory, often suppurating lesions on the paws; often become necrotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology any structural anomaly of any of the horny plates covering the dorsal surface of the distal end of each terminal phalanx of the digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000580 deformed nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology atypical shape or size of the nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000582 toenail hyperkeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology keratin extensions from the toenails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000583 long toenails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012401 long nails increased length of the toenails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000585 kinked tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology a sharp bend or zigzag in the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000588 thick tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology a tail with a greater diameter than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000589 thin tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology a tail with a smaller diameter than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000592 short tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011999 abnormal tail length reduced length of tail compared to control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000596 abnormal liver development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003943 abnormal hepatobiliary system development any anomaly in the differentiation of the bile-secreting organ that is important for detoxification, for fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, and for glycogen storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000597 delayed hepatic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000596 abnormal liver development late onset of the induction and/or differentiation of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002138 abnormal hepatobiliary system morphology any structural anomaly of the bile-secreting organ that is important for detoxification, for fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, and for glycogen storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000599 enlarged liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013328 visceromegaly larger than average size of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000600 liver hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000601 small liver decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the liver, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000601 small liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004848 abnormal liver size reduced size of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000602 dilated liver sinusoidal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008989 abnormal liver sinusoid morphology the luminal space of one or more liver sinusoids is increased in volume or area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000603 pale liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology liver lacking normal coloration, often refers to bloodless condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000604 amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021152 abnormal amyloid deposition an accumulation of extracellular amyloid deposits in tissues of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000606 decreased hepatocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000607 abnormal hepatocyte morphology fewer than normal number of parenchymal liver cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000607 abnormal hepatocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008987 abnormal liver lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the main structural specialized epithelial cells which normally organize into interconnected plates called lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000608 dissociated hepatocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000607 abnormal hepatocyte morphology disorganization of cohesive hepatocyte structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000609 abnormal liver physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002139 abnormal hepatobiliary system physiology any functional anomaly of the bile-secreting organ that is important for detoxification, for fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, and for glycogen storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000610 cholestasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003252 abnormal bile duct physiology impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (intrahepatic cholestasis) or obstruction in large bile ducts (extrahepatic cholestasis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000611 jaundice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000609 abnormal liver physiology clinical manifestation of hyperbilirubinemia, with deposition of bile pigments in the skin, resulting in yellowish staining of the skin and mucous membranes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013544 abnormal merocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the saliva-secreting glands of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000614 absent salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology missing any of the saliva-secreting glands of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000615 abnormal palatine gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the salivary gland of the hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000616 decreased ductal branching in the palatine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009517 abnormal salivary gland duct morphology fewer branches and distal tips of the vesicles of the palatine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000617 increased salivary gland mucosal cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology greater than normal number of cells that form mucus in the salivary glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000618 small salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology reduced size of the saliva-secreting glands of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000619 salivary gland epithelial hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the salivary gland epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000620 narrow salivary ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009517 abnormal salivary gland duct morphology reduced diameter of the tubular canals that carry saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000621 increased salivary adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010318 increased salivary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm of the secreting cells of the salivary gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000622 increased salivation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005310 abnormal salivary gland physiology greater than normal amounts of flowing saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000623 decreased salivation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005310 abnormal salivary gland physiology reduction in the flow, secretion, or amount of saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000624 xerostomia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology dryness of the mouth resulting from reduced salivary secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013554 abnormal apocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the compound, alveolar and apocrine accessory gland of the skin of mammals that secretes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000628 abnormal mammary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020982 abnormal skin adnexa development aberration in the differentiation of the mammary gland during early embryogenesis or during sexual maturity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000629 absent mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013715 decreased mammary gland number absence of the specialized accessory gland of the skin of mammals that secretes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000630 mammary gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mammary gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000631 abnormal neuroendocrine gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013560 abnormal endocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and that release hormones in response to neural stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000632 abnormal pineal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013563 abnormal secretory circumventricular organ morphology any structural anomaly of the unpaired epithalamic structure that is shaped like a tiny pine cone and located above the posterior commissure near the level of the habenular complex and the sylvian aqueduct; it is both a circumventricular organ and an endocrine organ that secretes melatonin, a serotonin-derived hormone involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms; the pineal parenchyma, consisting of pinealocytes, interstitial (glial-like) cells, phagocytes and capillaries, is arranged into large folliculi separated by septae of connective tissue and blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000633 abnormal pituitary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus, which secretes somatotropins, prolactin, TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), gonadotropins, adrenal corticotropin from the anterior lobe; melanocyte stimulating hormone from the intermediate lobe and hormones involved in blood pressure regulation from the posterior lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000635 pituitary gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000636 enlarged pituitary gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pituitary gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000636 enlarged pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008936 abnormal pituitary gland size increased size of pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013560 abnormal endocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000640 adrenal gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002768 small adrenal glands decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the adrenal gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000642 enlarged adrenal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology increased size of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000643 absent adrenal medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008289 abnormal adrenal medulla morphology absence of the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000644 dextrocardia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006065 abnormal heart position or orientation congenital defect in which the heart is located on the right side of the thorax instead of on the left side (levocardia, the normal position) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000645 absent adrenergic chromaffin cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003834 abnormal adrenergic chromaffin cell morphology absence of the cells of the medulla of the adrenal gland that are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and that are responsible for epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000646 enlarged adrenocortical cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008291 abnormal adrenocortical cell morphology larger size of cells of the steroid hormone-producing cells of the cortex of the adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030572 abnormal pilosebaceous unit morphology any structural anomaly of the holocrine glands that secrete sebum into the hair follicles or in hairless areas into ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000648 absent sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology absence of the holocrine glands of the dermis that secrete sebum into the hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000649 sebaceous gland atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012725 small sebaceous gland acquired diminution of the size of the holocrine glands of the dermis that secrete sebum into the hair follicles, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000650 mesocardia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006065 abnormal heart position or orientation congenital defect in which the heart is located in the middle of the thorax instead of on the left side (levocardia, the normal position) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000652 enlarged sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology increased size of the sebum secreting glands of the hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000653 abnormal sex gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002163 abnormal gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000654 absent sex gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000653 abnormal sex gland morphology missing any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000655 dilated sex gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000653 abnormal sex gland morphology stretched appearance or excessive fluid in one or more sex glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000659 prostate gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004958 enlarged prostate gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000660 prostate gland lateral lobe hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009381 abnormal prostate gland dorsolateral lobe morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland lateral lobe, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000661 small prostate gland ventral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009380 abnormal prostate gland ventral lobe morphology reduced size of the rodent prostate lobe that is located below the ventral aspect of the bladder neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000662 abnormal branching of the mammary ductal tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009503 abnormal mammary gland duct morphology anomaly in the development of the channels that secrete milk and direct milk to the nipple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000664 small prostate gland anterior lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001163 abnormal prostate gland anterior lobe morphology reduced size of the rodent prostate lobe that appears as a thin tubular structure, attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000665 decreased ductal branching in the coagulating gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009736 abnormal prostate gland branching morphogenesis fewer branches and distal tips of the vesicles of the coagulating gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000666 decreased prostate gland duct number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009734 abnormal prostate gland duct morphology fewer than normal minute canals that pass the prostatic secretions to the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000671 bulbourethral gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013737 small bulbourethral gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the bulbourethral gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000674 abnormal sweat gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000675 abnormal eccrine sweat gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013544 abnormal merocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the coiled tubular glands situated on the digits and footpads of the paws of rodents, and both in the histologically thick skin of the palmar and plantar surfaces and in the thin skin that covers most of the rest of the body in humans; in mice these are the only sweat glands present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000676 abnormal body water content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005451 abnormal body composition more or less than the normal total amount of water retained in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013560 abnormal endocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of one of the two small, paired endocrine glands, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; they secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000679 increased percent water in carcass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000676 abnormal body water content more than the normal total amount of water retained in the body measured post mortem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000680 absent parathyroid glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology missing the two small, paired endocrine glands, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland, which secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013560 abnormal endocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the endocrine gland located in the front and to the sides of the upper part of the trachea and which secretes thyroid hormone and calcitonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000683 decreased percent water in carcass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000676 abnormal body water content less than the normal total amount of water retained in the body measured post mortem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000685 abnormal immune system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005387 immune system phenotype any structural anomaly in the organs or cells associated with the development and formation of lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000687 small lymphoid organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002221 abnormal lymph organ size reduced size of lymphatic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000688 lymphoid hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002220 large lymphoid organs increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lymphoid tissue, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002722 abnormal immune system organ morphology any structural anomaly of the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000690 absent spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology missing organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000691 enlarged spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013328 visceromegaly increased spleen size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000692 small spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002224 abnormal spleen size decreased spleen size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000693 spleen hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000691 enlarged spleen increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the spleen, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000694 spleen hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000692 small spleen decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the spleen, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000696 abnormal Peyer's patch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002378 abnormal gut-associated lymphoid tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000700 abnormal lymph node number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology deviation from the normal number of lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000701 abnormal lymph node size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology deviation from the normal lymph node size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000702 enlarged lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000701 abnormal lymph node size lymph nodes of increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013560 abnormal endocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the primary lymphoid organ that is required for maturation of T cells and secretion of thymosins, hormones that stimulate the development of antibodies; the thymus also stimulates the production of certain pituitary gland hormones that promote growth and sexual maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000704 abnormal thymus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020981 abnormal immune system development anomaly in the formation and/or differentiation of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000705 athymia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology absence of the primary lymphoid organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000706 small thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002364 abnormal thymus size reduced size of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000708 thymus hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000709 enlarged thymus increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thymus, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000709 enlarged thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002364 abnormal thymus size increased size of thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000711 thymus cortex hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013592 small thymus cortex decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the tymus cortex, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000714 increased thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005015 increased T cell number greater than expected number of immature T cells located in the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000715 decreased thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005018 decreased T cell number fewer than expected number of immature T cells located in the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000716 abnormal immune system cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000685 abnormal immune system morphology any structural anomaly of immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000717 abnormal lymphocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002619 abnormal lymphocyte morphology deviation from the normal number of the cells involved in adaptive immune reactions of the body in most inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including B cells, T cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000726 absent lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005016 decreased lymphocyte cell number absence of the cells involved in adaptive immune reactions of the body in most inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including B cells, T cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000727 absent CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008079 decreased CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number lack of the set of single-positive T cells that express CD8 on their surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000729 abnormal myogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000733 abnormal muscle development anomaly in embryonic formation of muscle cells or fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000730 increased satellite cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology greater number of unfused cells in muscle that play a role in muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000731 increased collagen deposition in the muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000733 abnormal muscle development accumulation of collagen within the muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000732 delayed primary myocyte appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000729 abnormal myogenesis development of initial muscle cells at a later time than is normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000733 abnormal muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology any anomaly in the differentiation of muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000734 muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000736 delayed muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000733 abnormal muscle development late onset of the induction and/or differentiation of skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000737 abnormal myotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000729 abnormal myogenesis malformation of or absence of the part of the somite that develops into the musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000738 impaired muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005620 abnormal muscle contractility inability or reduced ability of a muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000740 impaired smooth muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000738 impaired muscle contractility inability or reduced ability of the smooth muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000741 impaired contractility of urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010386 abnormal urinary bladder physiology inability or reduced ability of the detrusor smooth muscle of the urinary bladder to shorten or to develop increased tension voluntarily or involuntarily; stretching of the smooth muscle fibers by accumulation of urine in the bladder leads to nervous signaling giving the urge to urinate; contraction of the detrusor muscle leads to urination, via emptying of the urine contained in the bladder through the urethra and urine excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000742 impaired contractility of ileal smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004005 impaired contractility of intestinal smooth muscle inability or reduced ability of the ileal smooth muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000743 muscle spasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009046 muscle twitch an involuntary and often painful muscle contraction or cramps having a number of causes ranging from nutritional deficiency to serious nervous system conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000745 tremors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003492 abnormal involuntary movement repetitive, cyclical movements of the body or a body part; usually involuntary, but can also manifest in response to an attempt at movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000746 weakness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004262 abnormal physical strength state of being infirm or less strong than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000747 muscle weakness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology loss of muscle strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000748 progressive muscle weakness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000747 muscle weakness increasing loss of muscle strength over time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000749 muscle degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology pathological deterioration of muscle tissue, often accompanied by loss of function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000750 abnormal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000751 myopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology any abnormal condition or disease of the skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000752 dystrophic muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology progressive weakness and wasting of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000753 paralysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement severe or complete loss of power of voluntary movement in a muscle through injury or disease of its nerve supply http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000754 paresis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement mild or partial loss of power of voluntary movement in a muscle through injury or disease of it or its nerve supply http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000755 hindlimb paralysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013147 limb paralysis severe or complete loss of power of voluntary movement in the muscles of the hindlimb through injury or disease of it or its nerve supply http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000756 forelimb paralysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013147 limb paralysis severe or complete loss of power of voluntary movement in muscles of the forelimb through injury or disease of it or its nerve supply http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000757 herniated abdominal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003257 abnormal abdominal wall morphology protrusions through and/or into the abdominal wall often resulting in the extrusion of viscera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the striated muscle fibers connected at either or both extremities with the bony framework of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000761 thin diaphragm muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002279 abnormal diaphragm morphology reduced thickness of the diaphragm muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly of the mobile mass of muscular tissue and surrounding epithelial tissue occupying the cavity of the mouth and forming part of the floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000763 abnormal filiform papillae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000764 abnormal tongue epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the keratinized projections on the dorsal surface of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000764 abnormal tongue epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000765 abnormal tongue squamous epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000764 abnormal tongue epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the scaly epithelial layer of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000766 absent tongue squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000765 abnormal tongue squamous epithelium morphology missing the scaly epithelial layer of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000767 abnormal smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the unstriated muscle fibers of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000771 abnormal brain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology deviation from the average range of brain size for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000774 decreased brain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000771 abnormal brain size smaller appearance of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000899 abnormal corpora quadrigemina morphology any structural anomaly of the paired inferior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum that is involved in preliminary visual processing, and control of eye movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000777 increased inferior colliculus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology enlargement of the paired inferior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000778 abnormal nervous system tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly in the structure of any bundle of myelinated nerve fibers following a defined path through the brain and/or spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000780 abnormal corpus callosum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres; it consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000781 decreased corpus callosum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020573 abnormal corpus callosum size smaller thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres; it consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000784 forebrain hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012138 decreased forebrain size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the forebrain, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000785 telencephalon hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000787 abnormal telencephalon morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the telencephalon, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000786 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelial layer differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004261 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium morphology abnormal or arrest of differentiation or patterning of the epithelial cell layer that lines the neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000787 abnormal telencephalon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology any structural anomaly of the enlarged anteriolateral part of the brain; consists of the paired cerebral hemispheres and olfactory bulbs, the basal ganglia and the connecting structures, and is considered to be the seat of conscious mental processes; it develops from the anterior-most embryological division of the brain that develops from the prosencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of thin layer of grey matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that folds into gyri; it is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000789 thickened cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology increased depth of the mantle covering the surface of the cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000790 abnormal stratification in cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology abnormal formation or pattern of the layers of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000791 delaminated cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology splitting of the layers of the grey cellular mantle covering the surface of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000792 abnormal cortical marginal zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development any structural anomaly of the developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000794 abnormal parietal lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000795 abnormal postcentral gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000794 abnormal parietal lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the parietal lobe that receives general sensation from the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000796 abnormal sensory dissociation area morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000794 abnormal parietal lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the parietal lobe that integrates tactile and visual stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000797 abnormal supramarginal gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000794 abnormal parietal lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the frontal lobe that is involved in perception based on sensory stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000798 abnormal frontal lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior part of the cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000799 abnormal precentral gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000798 abnormal frontal lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the frontal lobe that contains the cell bodies of the primary motor pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000800 abnormal supplemetal motor cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000798 abnormal frontal lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the frontal lobe that is involved with integration of voluntary movements and with speech http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000801 abnormal temporal lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000802 abnormal superior temporal gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000801 abnormal temporal lobe morphology any structural anomaly of one of three major convolutions of the external surface of the temporal lobe of the cerebral hemispheres that is uppermost and borders the lateral (sylvian) fissure, and contains the primary auditory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000803 abnormal transverse gyrus of Heschl morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004631 abnormal auditory cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the temporal lobe concerned with hearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000804 abnormal occipital lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000805 abnormal visual cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000804 abnormal occipital lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the occipital cortex concerned with vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004166 abnormal limbic system morphology any structural anomaly of the deep lying structure of the cerebrum involved with memory storage and spatial navigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000808 abnormal hippocampus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003232 abnormal forebrain development improper differentiation of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000809 absent hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology missing convoluted brain structure below the cerebral hemispheres; forms part of the limbic system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000811 hippocampal neuron degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009939 abnormal hippocampus neuron morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the neuronal cells in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000812 abnormal dentate gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any structural anomaly of one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus formation that contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000813 abnormal hippocampus layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any structural anomaly of the layers of the laminar structure of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000814 absent dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000812 abnormal dentate gyrus morphology lack of the section of the hippocampus normally situated above the gyrus hippocampi and composed of three layers, the molecular, granular, and polymorphic layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000815 abnormal Ammon gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any structural anomaly of one or both of the two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus formation; a circonvolution of rhinencephalon, the grey substance of which is rich in big pyramidal neuronal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000818 abnormal amygdala morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004166 abnormal limbic system morphology any structural anomaly of the almond-shaped body of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe; this area is involved in aggression and fear responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000819 abnormal olfactory bulb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009944 abnormal olfactory lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the forebrain region that coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell; it receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000820 abnormal choroid plexus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013306 abnormal tela choroidea morphology any structural anomaly of the infoldings of blood vessels of the pia mater covered by a thin coat of ependymal cells that form tufted projections into the third, fourth, and lateral ventricles of the brain; choroid plexuses secrete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and act as a filtration system, removing metabolic waste, foreign substances, and excess neurotransmitters from the CSF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000821 choroid plexus hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000820 abnormal choroid plexus morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the choroid plexus, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000822 abnormal brain ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002200 abnormal brain ventricular system morphology any structural anomaly of the system of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000823 abnormal lateral ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000822 abnormal brain ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube; they are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000825 dilated lateral ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012676 dilated brain ventricle the luminal space of one or both lateral ventricles is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000826 abnormal third ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami; its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma; it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000827 dilated third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012676 dilated brain ventricle the luminal space of the third ventricle is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid, in the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami; its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma; it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000828 abnormal fourth ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000841 abnormal hindbrain morphology any structural anomaly of the irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind; it is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000829 dilated fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012676 dilated brain ventricle the luminal space of the fourth ventricle is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid, in the irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind; it is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology any structural anomaly of the paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus are derived; these regions regulate autonomic, visceral and endocrine function, and process information directed to the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000831 diencephalon hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the diencephalon, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the large ovoid mass of paired bodies containing mostly grey matter and forming part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000833 thalamus hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020526 enlarged thalamus increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thalamus, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000834 abnormal subthalamus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior part of the diencephalon that lies between the thalamus, hypothalamus, and tegmentum of the mesencephalon, including subthalamic nucleus, zona incerta, the fields of Forel, and the nucleus of ansa lenticularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000835 abnormal subthalamic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006007 abnormal basal ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006007 abnormal basal ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of grey substance that separates the posterior parts of the cerebral peduncles (tegmentum mesencephali) from the anterior parts; it normally includes a posterior compact part with many pigmented cells (pars compacta) and an anterior reticular part whose cells contain little pigment (pars reticularis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000837 abnormal hypothalamus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004166 abnormal limbic system morphology any structural anomaly of the ventral part of the diencephalon extending from the region of the optic chiasm to the caudal border of the mammillary bodies and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the third ventricle; this region regulates the autonomic nervous system via hormone production and release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000839 hypothalamus hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000837 abnormal hypothalamus morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hypothalamus, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000840 abnormal epithalamus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the small dorsomedial area of the thalamus including the habenular nuclei and associated fiber bundles, the pineal body, and the epithelial roof of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000841 abnormal hindbrain morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the brain developed from the posterior of the three primary brain vesicles of the embryonic neural tube from which the metencephalon and myelencephalon are derived; the metencephalon (anterior part of the embryonic hindbrain), gives rise to the cerebellum and pons while the myelencephalon (posterior portion of the embryonic hindbrain) gives rise to the medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000842 absent superior olivary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology missing nucleus of neurons on the dorsal part of the lateral surface of the pons; it normally receives projection fibers from the cochlear nuclei and is prominently involved in spatial localization of sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000843 absent facial nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000909 abnormal facial motor nucleus morphology missing nucleus of neurons in the hindbrain; receives fibers from the facial muscles, stapedus muscle and stylohyoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000844 abnormal pontine flexure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006108 abnormal hindbrain development any structural anomaly of the dorsally concave bend of the embryonic rhombencephalon that produces a thinning of the roof of the pons and medulla oblongata and defines the boundary between the metencephalon and myelencephalon in the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000846 abnormal medulla oblongata morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005277 abnormal brainstem morphology any structural anomaly in the most caudal region of the brainstem that lies directly rostral to the spinal cord; includes regions responsible for autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and control of heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000847 abnormal metencephalon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000841 abnormal hindbrain morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the cerebellum and the pons Varolii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005277 abnormal brainstem morphology any structural anomaly of the band of nerve fibers in the brain connecting the medulla oblongata and the mesencephalon; this region conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000849 abnormal cerebellum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000847 abnormal metencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa dorsal to the pons and medulla that is concerned with the coordination of movement and learning of motor skills http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000850 absent cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000849 abnormal cerebellum morphology missing the part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa dorsal to the pons and medulla that is concerned with the coordination of movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000851 cerebellum hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000852 small cerebellum decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the cerebellum, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000852 small cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000849 abnormal cerebellum morphology reduced size of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000853 absent cerebellar foliation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000857 abnormal cerebellar foliation missing small branches of the cerebellar lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000854 abnormal cerebellum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006108 abnormal hindbrain development aberrant or incomplete differentiation of the part of the metencephalon that lies dorsal to the pons and medulla behind the brain stem and controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000855 accelerated formation of intralobular fissures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000854 abnormal cerebellum development formation of the major fissures of the cerebellum earlier in development than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000856 abnormal cerebellar plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000854 abnormal cerebellum development any structural anomaly of the embryonic pseudostratified epithelium of the fourth cerebellar ventricle that eventually forms the vermis and ventral neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000857 abnormal cerebellar foliation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009964 abnormal cerebellum lobule morphology any anomaly of the pattern of the ten cerebellar lobules; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres and the intermediate zone that separates the vermis from the lateral hemispheres; in addition, each of the ten basic lobules can be subdivided into sublobules but strain and species differences are reported http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000858 abnormal metastatic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010639 abnormal tumor pathology altered likelihood of a tumor cell spreading from the site of the initial tumor formation and forming a secondary tumor at another site not directly connected with it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000859 abnormal somatosensory cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000794 abnormal parietal lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the parietal lobe that lies posterior to the central sulcus and is concerned with receiving and processing general sensations from the body surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000860 abnormal primary somatosensory cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000859 abnormal somatosensory cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the postcentral gyrus and central sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000861 disorganized barrel cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003989 abnormal barrel cortex morphology derangement of the pattern of the discrete functional units of the somatosensory cortex that processes tactile information derived from the vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000862 absent barrels in primary somatosensory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003989 abnormal barrel cortex morphology missing pattern of the discrete functional units of the somatosensory cortex that processes tactile information derived from the vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000863 abnormal secondary somatosensory cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000859 abnormal somatosensory cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000864 abnormal cerebellum vermis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the narrow medial zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is delimited by two longitudinal furrows; it may be continuous with the cerebellar hemispheres in some areas of the cerebellum, e.g., dorsally, or separated by deeper fissues in others (e.g., ventrally); it receives inputs from the spinocerebellar tracts which carry to the vermis information on the position and balance of the torso, and it sends projections to the fastigial nucleus of the cerebellum, which then sends output to the vestibular nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000865 absent cerebellum vermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000864 abnormal cerebellum vermis morphology missing narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000866 cerebellum vermis hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000864 abnormal cerebellum vermis morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the cerebellum vermis, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000867 abnormal cerebellum anterior vermis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009960 abnormal cerebellum anterior lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located anterior to the primary fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000868 decreased anterior vermis size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000867 abnormal cerebellum anterior vermis morphology smaller appearance of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the anterior lobe of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000869 abnormal cerebellum posterior vermis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009962 abnormal cerebellum posterior lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located posterior to the primary fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000870 absent cerebellum vermis lobule VIII http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009996 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VIII morphology missing part of the inferior vermis of the cerebellum (vermis lobule VIII) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000871 absent cerebellum vermis lobule IX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009992 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule IX morphology missing triangular elevation on the vermis of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000872 abnormal cerebellum external granule cell layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000854 abnormal cerebellum development any structural anomaly of the transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of the dividing and migrating granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000873 thin external granule cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000872 abnormal cerebellum external granule cell layer morphology reduced thickness of the transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000874 irregular external granule cell layer thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000872 abnormal cerebellum external granule cell layer morphology uneven thickness of the transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000875 abnormal cerebellar Purkinje cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009956 abnormal cerebellar layer morphology any structural anomaly of the cell layer that lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex; it contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer, and candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000876 Purkinje cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003224 neuron degeneration a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the large neurons located at the interface of the molecular and internal granule layers of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000877 abnormal Purkinje cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons located at the interface of the molecular and internal granule layers of the cerebellar cortex; these inhibitory neurons provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter, and extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000878 abnormal Purkinje cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000877 abnormal Purkinje cell morphology different from average number of neuronal cells that are located in the interface of the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000879 increased Purkinje cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008947 increased neuron number greater than normal number of neuronal cells that are located in the interface of the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000880 decreased Purkinje cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008948 decreased neuron number fewer than normal neuronal cells that are located in the interface of the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000884 delaminated Purkinje cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000875 abnormal cerebellar Purkinje cell layer splitting or disorganization of the layer of large neuron cell bodies between the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000885 ectopic Purkinje cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011723 ectopic neuron Purkinje cell body resides in places other than the Purkinje cell layer in the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009956 abnormal cerebellar layer morphology any structural anomaly of the innermost cortical layer of the cerebellum; contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells with some Golgi cells are found at the outer border http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000887 delaminated cerebellar granule layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology splitting or disorganization of the deepest of the three layers of the cerebellum that contains granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000888 absent cerebellar granule layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology absence of the innermost cortical layer of the cerebellum; contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells with some Golgi cells are found at the outer border http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000889 abnormal cerebellar molecular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009956 abnormal cerebellar layer morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost layer of the cerebral cortex that contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000890 thin cerebellar molecular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000889 abnormal cerebellar molecular layer reduced width of the outermost layer of the cerebral cortex that contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005277 abnormal brainstem morphology any structural anomaly associated with the brain region derived from the middle of the three cerebral vesicles of the embryo; this region controls sensory and motor functions in the adult, including eye movement and coordination of auditory and visual reflexes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000898 midbrain hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012091 increased midbrain size increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the brain region derived from the middle of the three cerebral vesicles of the embryo, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000899 abnormal corpora quadrigemina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006104 abnormal tectum morphology any structural anomaly of the inferior and superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000900 decreased colliculi size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000899 abnormal corpora quadrigemina morphology smaller inferior and superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000901 abnormal position of colliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000899 abnormal corpora quadrigemina morphology positional abnormality of the inferior and superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000899 abnormal corpora quadrigemina morphology any structural anomaly of the paired superior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum that is involved in auditory processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000905 increased superior colliculus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology enlargement of the paired superior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000906 abnormal trigeminal V mesencephalic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology any structural anomaly of the group of sensory neurons residing in a long, narrow plate in the midbrain; axons pass with the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000907 small mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000906 abnormal trigeminal V mesencephalic nucleus morphology reduced size of the group of sensory neurons residing in a long, narrow plate in the midbrain; axons pass with the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000908 absent mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000906 abnormal trigeminal V mesencephalic nucleus morphology missing group of sensory neurons residing in a long, narrow plate in the midbrain; axons pass with the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000909 abnormal facial motor nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology any structural anomaly of the group of motor neurons residing in the pons that innervate the muscles of facial expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000910 small facial motor nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000909 abnormal facial motor nucleus morphology reduced size of the group of motor neurons residing in the pons that innervate the muscles of facial expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000911 abnormal trigeminal motor nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology any structural anomaly of the group of motor neurons innervating the muscles of mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000912 small trigeminal motor nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000911 abnormal trigeminal motor nucleus morphology reduced size of the group of motor neurons innervating the muscles of mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development aberrant or incomplete differentiation of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000914 exencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development neurocranial defects resulting in exposure or extrusion of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000917 obstructive hydrocephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001891 hydrocephaly hydrocephaly due to a block in cerebrospinal fluid flow in the ventricular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000919 cranioschisis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology incomplete closure of the skull, usually congenital http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000920 abnormal myelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any anomaly in the process by which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons; oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000921 demyelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000920 abnormal myelination abnormal degeneration or destruction of the myelin sheath that results in the partial absence or patchy, incomplete area of a myelin sheath over all or part of an axon or fiber tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000923 abnormal roof plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the single row of specialized glial cells that occupies the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube along the entire anterior-posterior axis; the roof plate serves as a critical embryonic signaling center for the organization of dorsal neuronal cell types, and acts as a barrier preventing axons and cells migrating across the dorsal midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000924 absent roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000923 abnormal roof plate morphology absence of the single row of specialized glial cells that occupies the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube along the entire anterior-posterior axis; the roof plate serves as a critical embryonic signaling center for the organization of dorsal neuronal cell types, and acts as a barrier preventing axons and cells migrating across the dorsal midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000925 abnormal floor plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized glial structure (non-neuronal cells) situated at the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube; this structure spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions, separating the left and right basal plates of the developing neural tube, and serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000926 absent floor plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000925 abnormal floor plate morphology absence of the specialized glial structure (non-neuronal cells) situated at the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube; this structure spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions, separating the left and right basal plates of the developing neural tube, and serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000927 small floor plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000925 abnormal floor plate morphology reduced size of the specialized glial structure (non-neuronal cells) situated at the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube; this structure spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions, separating the left and right basal plates of the developing neural tube, and serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000928 incomplete rostral neuropore closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012543 abnormal rostral neuropore morphology arrest of the fusion of the cephalic neural folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000929 open neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003720 abnormal neural tube closure failure of completion of the last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000930 wavy neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology undulations in the embryonic neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000932 absent notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002825 abnormal notochord morphology missing axial fibrocellular cord in embryos around which develops the vertebral primordia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006108 abnormal hindbrain development any structural anomaly of any of the transiently divided segments of the developing neural tube of vertebrate embryos found within the hindbrain region in the area that will eventually become the rhombencephalon; the rhombomeres appear as a series of slightly constricted swellings in the neural tube, caudal to the cephalic flexure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003232 abnormal forebrain development anomaly in the progression of the enlarged anteriolateral part of the brain; consists of the paired cerebral hemispheres and olfactory bulbs, the basal ganglia and the connecting structures, and is considered to be the seat of conscious mental processes; it develops from the anterior-most embryological division of the brain that develops from the prosencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000935 abnormal folding of telencephalic vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development malformation of the stereotypic invaginations forming the paired diverticula of the telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000936 small embryonic telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development reduced size of the paired diverticula of the embryonic telencephalon, from which the forebrain develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000937 abnormal motor neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008503 abnormal spinal cord grey matter morphology any structural anomaly of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000938 motor neuron degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003224 neuron degeneration retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000939 decreased motor neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008948 decreased neuron number fewer than normal numbers of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000940 abnormal motor neuron innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation any changes in the placement, morphology or number of motor nerve fibers to an effector motor tissue, or failure of refinement of neuronal connections during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000947 convulsive seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002064 seizures seizures characterized by uncontrolled motor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000948 nonconvulsive seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002064 seizures seizures without uncontrolled motor activity, but with impairment of consciousness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000950 abnormal seizure response to pharmacological agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic anomaly in the seizure activity response that is brought about by treatment with pharmacological agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000951 sporadic seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002064 seizures occasional seizures occurring at irregular intervals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000952 abnormal CNS glial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003634 abnormal glial cell morphology any structural anomaly of non-neuronal cells of the central nervous system that form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000953 abnormal oligodendrocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000952 abnormal CNS glial cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neuroglia of the central nervous system that form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the CNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000954 decreased oligodendrocyte progenitor number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014325 abnormal oligodendrocyte progenitor morphology fewer cells that differentiate into a type of glial cell in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the cylindrical tissue of the vertebral canal that extends from the medulla oblongata to the conus medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000956 decreased spinal cord size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology smaller appearance of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000958 peripheral nervous system degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002229 neurodegeneration a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the ganglia and peripheral nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000959 abnormal somatic sensory system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the neural tissue involved in the transmission of sensory signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000960 abnormal sensory ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000959 abnormal somatic sensory system morphology any structural anomaly of the clusters of neurons in the somatic peripheral nervous system which contain the cell bodies of sensory nerve axons, interneurons and non-neuronal supporting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000960 abnormal sensory ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of a group of sensory nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000962 disorganized dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology loss of segmentation pattern of dorsal root ganglia or loss of regular spacing between the ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000963 fused dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology loss of DRG spacing pattern and the appearance of two or more ganglia as one http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000964 small dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology reduced size a group of sensory nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000965 abnormal sensory neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of sensory impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000966 decreased sensory neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008948 decreased neuron number fewer than normal numbers of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of sensory impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000968 abnormal sensory neuron innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation any changes in the placement, morphology or number of sensory nerve fibers to sensory termini or to spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000969 abnormal nociceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000965 abnormal sensory neuron morphology any structural anomaly of any of the peripheral receptors for pain, including receptors sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000970 abnormal polymodal receptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000965 abnormal sensory neuron morphology anomaly in a sensory receptor that may be stimulated by mechanical, thermal or chemical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000971 abnormal thermoreceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000965 abnormal sensory neuron morphology any structural anomaly of any of the cellular receptors that mediate the sense of temperature; in vertebrates, these are most often located under the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000972 abnormal mechanoreceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000959 abnormal somatic sensory system morphology anomaly in the receptors of the body, usually nerve termini, that respond to mechanical pressure or distortion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000972 abnormal mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the neuronal receptors that respond to mechanical pressure or distortion in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000974 abnormal hair guard neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology anomaly of the subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate hair follicles of guard hairs, and are involved in the amplification of slow-moving and/or light touch stimuli signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000975 absent hair guard neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000974 abnormal hair guard neuron morphology absence of the subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate hair follicles of guard hairs, and are involved in the amplification of slow-moving and/or light touch stimuli signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000976 hyperinnervation of hair guard cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000974 abnormal hair guard neuron morphology more robust innervation of the subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate hair follicles of guard hairs, and are involved in the amplification of slow-moving and/or light touch stimuli signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000977 abnormal hair-tylotrich neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology anomaly of the subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate tylotrich hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000978 hyperinnervation of hair-tylotrich cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000977 abnormal hair-tylotrich neuron morphology more robust innervation of the hair tylotrich cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000979 abnormal hair-down neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology anomaly of the subcutaneous mechanosensitive D-hair (down-hair) neurons, which innervate hair follicles, and are characterized by a large-amplitude Cav3.2 T-current involved in the amplification of slow-moving and/or light touch stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000980 absent hair-down neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000979 abnormal hair-down neuron morphology absence of the subcutaneous mechanosensitive D-hair (down-hair) neurons, which innervate hair follicles, and are characterized by a large-amplitude Cav3.2 T-current involved in the amplification of slow-moving and/or light touch stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000981 hyperinnervation of hair-down cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000979 abnormal hair-down neuron morphology more robust innervation of the subcutaneous mechanosensitive D-hair (down-hair) neurons, which innervate hair follicles, and are characterized by a large-amplitude Cav3.2 T-current involved in the amplification of slow-moving and/or light touch stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000982 abnormal Meissner's corpuscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of any of the numerous oval bodies found in the dermal papillae of glabrous skin that transmit information about skin motion and slipping objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000983 enlarged Meissner's corpuscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000982 abnormal Meissner's corpuscle morphology larger than average size of any of the numerous oval bodies found in the dermal papillae of glabrous skin that transmit information about skin motion and slipping objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000984 hyperinnervation of Meissner's corpuscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000982 abnormal Meissner's corpuscle morphology more robust supply of nerve fibers connected to any part of any of the numerous oval bodies found in the dermal papillae of glabrous skin that transmit information about skin motion and slipping objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000985 abnormal Merkel's receptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the modified epidermal cells located in the stratum basale and found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000986 increased Merkel's receptor number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006006 increased sensory neuron number greater than the normal number of the modified epidermal cells located in the stratum basale and found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000987 hyperinnervation of Merkel's receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000985 abnormal Merkel's receptor morphology more robust supply of nerve fibers connected to the modified epidermal cells located in the stratum basale and found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000988 abnormal pacinian corpuscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of any of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin, and which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers; trasmit signals generated by vibrations when grasping an object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000989 abnormal Ruffini's corpuscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000973 abnormal cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly in the sensory cells in the subcutaneous tissue of the digits specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli, skin stretch, direction of object motion, hand shape and finger position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000990 abnormal skeletal muscle mechanoreceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000972 abnormal mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the receptors that respond to mechanical pressure or distortion in the skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000991 abnormal primary muscle spindle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004069 abnormal muscle spindle morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and sensitive to stretch velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000992 absent primary muscle spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000991 abnormal primary muscle spindle morphology missing sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and is sensitive to stretch velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000993 partial loss of primary muscle spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000991 abnormal primary muscle spindle morphology missing a portion of the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and is sensitive to stretch velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000994 abnormal secondary muscle spindle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004069 abnormal muscle spindle morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and not sensitive to stretch velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000995 absent secondary muscle spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000994 abnormal secondary muscle spindle morphology lack of the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and is not sensitive to stretch velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000996 partial loss of secondary muscle spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000994 abnormal secondary muscle spindle morphology missing a portion of the sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and is not sensitive to stretch velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000997 abnormal synovial joint capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the sac or its contents that encloses the articulating ends of bones participating in a synovial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000998 absent synovial joint capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000997 abnormal synovial joint capsule morphology missing the sac that encloses the articulating ends of bones participating in a synovial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000999 abnormal golgi tendon organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000990 abnormal skeletal muscle mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory organ in muscle that is involved in regulating muscle tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001000 absent golgi tendon organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000999 abnormal golgi tendon organ morphology missing sensory organ in muscle that is involved in regulating muscle tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001001 abnormal chemoreceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000965 abnormal sensory neuron morphology any structural anomaly of any of the cells specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001003 abnormal olfactory receptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006092 abnormal olfactory sensory neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the proteins, usually projecting from the cilia of olfactory receptor neurons, that specifically bind odorant molecules and trigger responses in the specialized neurons of the olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001004 abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003728 abnormal retina photoreceptor layer morphology any structural anomaly of a cell specialized to detect and transduce light, including rods and cones of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001005 abnormal retina rod cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001004 abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of one of the photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina, in which the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane; rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001006 abnormal retina cone cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001004 abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of one of the photoreceptor cell types in the retina, in which the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment; cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002751 abnormal autonomic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands and mediates the body's response to stressful situations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001008 abnormal sympathetic ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system including the paravertebral and the prevertebral ganglia, which include the sympathetic chain ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia, and the aorticorenal, celiac, and stellate ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001009 paravertebral ganglia hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008317 abnormal paravertebral ganglion morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the paravertebral ganglia, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001010 prevertebral ganglia hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008316 abnormal prevertebral ganglion morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prevertebral ganglia, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001011 abnormal superior cervical ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008317 abnormal paravertebral ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the group of neurons that is the largest of the sympathetic trunk; normally lies at the base of the skull and innervates the head and neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001012 superior cervical ganglion hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001013 enlarged superior cervical ganglion increase in the size of cells in the group of neurons that is the largest of the ganglia of the sympathetic trunk; normally lies at the base of the skull and innervates the head and neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001013 enlarged superior cervical ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001011 abnormal superior cervical ganglion morphology increased size of the group of neurons that is the largest of the ganglia of the sympathetic trunk; normally lies at the base of the skull and innervates the head and neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001014 absent superior cervical ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001011 abnormal superior cervical ganglion morphology lack of the group of neurons that is the largest of the sympathetic trunk; normally lies at the base of the skull and innervates the head and neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001015 small superior cervical ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001011 abnormal superior cervical ganglion morphology reduced size of the group of neurons that is the largest of the ganglia of the sympathetic trunk; normally lies at the base of the skull and innervates the head and neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001016 abnormal middle cervical ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008317 abnormal paravertebral ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the small ganglion located at the level of the cricoid cartilage of the laryngeal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001017 abnormal stellate ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008317 abnormal paravertebral ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the group of neurons formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001019 abnormal L4 dorsal root ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006404 abnormal lumbar dorsal root ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001020 L4 dorsal root ganglion hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001019 abnormal L4 dorsal root ganglion morphology increased bulk size of the L4 spinal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001021 small L4 dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001019 abnormal L4 dorsal root ganglion morphology reduced size of the L4 spinal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001022 abnormal L5 dorsal root ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006404 abnormal lumbar dorsal root ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001023 L5 dorsal root ganglion hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001022 abnormal L5 dorsal root ganglion morphology increased bulk size of L5 spinal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001024 small L5 dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001022 abnormal L5 dorsal root ganglion morphology reduced size of the L5 spinal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001025 abnormal sympathetic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of any of the neurons of the part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands and mediates the body's response to stressful situations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001026 abnormal adrenergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons which secrete norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter; adrenergic neurons are mostly sympathetic postganglionic nerves plus some within specific brainstem foci http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001032 abnormal peptidergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the nerve fibers that release small peptides as their neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001033 abnormal parasympathetic system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002751 abnormal autonomic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands and generally acts to conserve resources and restore homeostasis, often with effects reciprocal to the sympathetic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001034 abnormal parasympathetic ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001033 abnormal parasympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of the ganglia of the parasympathetic nervous system, including the ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, and otic ganglia in the cranial region and intrinsic (terminal) ganglia associated with target organs in the thorax and abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001035 abnormal submandibular ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001034 abnormal parasympathetic ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the ganglion associated with the lingual nerve that provides postsynaptic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001036 small submandibular ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001035 abnormal submandibular ganglion morphology reduced size of the small parasympathetic ganglion of the lingual nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001037 abnormal parasympathetic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001033 abnormal parasympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons of the autonomic nervous system that are responsible for innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001038 abnormal cholinergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter, including include alpha-motor neurons of the spinal cord, cranial nerves innervating skeletal muscle, preganglionic sympathetic and postganglionic parasympathetic neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001040 deficient enteric cholinergic innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001049 abnormal enteric cholinergic innervation defective or incomplete supply of nerve fibers to the intestinal system that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001044 abnormal enteric nervous system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002751 abnormal autonomic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gallbladder and can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001045 abnormal enteric ganglia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001044 abnormal enteric nervous system morphology any structural anomaly or deformity of the groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the enteric neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001046 abnormal enteric neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that innervate the esophagus, stomach, small and large bowel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001047 abnormal enteric cholinergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001046 abnormal enteric neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter and innervate the esophagus, stomach, small and large bowel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001048 absent enteric neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001046 abnormal enteric neuron morphology absence of the neurons that innervate the esophagus, stomach, small and large bowel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001049 abnormal enteric cholinergic innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001047 abnormal enteric cholinergic neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the supply of nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to the intestinal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001051 abnormal somatic motor system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the neural tissue involved in the transmission of motor signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001052 abnormal innervation pattern to muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation any changes in the placement, morphology or number of sensory, sympathetic or motor nerves to targets in muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001053 abnormal neuromuscular synapse morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology any structural anomaly of the membrane to membrane contact of a motor axon and a muscle myofiber that is responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001054 failure of neuromuscular synapse presynaptic differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001053 abnormal neuromuscular synapse morphology inability of nerve terminals to find target and/or form terminal arbors for synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001055 failure of neuromuscular synapse postsynaptic differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001053 abnormal neuromuscular synapse morphology inability of an effector cell to form a differentiated postsynaptic membrane in response to innervation at the neuromuscular synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of any of the twelve nerves that emerge from the cranium as opposed to the spinal nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001059 optic nerve atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020342 small optic nerve acquired diminution of the size of the optic nerve, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001061 abnormal oculomotor nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the third cranial nerve, which normally sends motor fibers to the levator muscles of the eyelid and to the superior rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles of the eye; and also sends parasympathetic efferents to the muscles controlling pupillary constriction and accommodation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001062 absent oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001061 abnormal oculomotor nerve morphology absence of the third cranial nerve, which normally sends motor fibers to the levator muscles of the eyelid and to the superior rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001063 abnormal trochlear nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the fourth cranial nerve, which normally carries the motor innervation of the superior oblique muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001064 absent trochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001063 abnormal trochlear nerve morphology absence of the fourth cranial nerve, which normally carries the motor innervation of the superior oblique muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001065 abnormal trigeminal nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the chief sensory nerve of the face and motor nerve of the muscles of mastication; has three major divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001066 absent trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001065 abnormal trigeminal nerve morphology lack of the chief sensory nerve of the face and motor nerve of the muscles of mastication; has three major divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001067 absent mandibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009800 abnormal mandibular nerve morphology missing third division of the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001068 abnormal mandibular nerve branching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009800 abnormal mandibular nerve morphology malformed or misprojected axons of the mandibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001070 abnormal abducens nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the sixth cranial nerve, which originates in the abducens nucleus of the pons and sends motor fibers to the lateral rectus muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001071 abnormal facial nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory and motor nerve that supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue; principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001072 abnormal vestibulocochlear nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly in the composite sensory nerve innervating the receptor cells of the membranous labyrinth; it consists of two major, anatomically and functionally distinct components, each of which have different central connections: the vestibular nerve and the cochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001073 abnormal glossopharyngeal nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory and autonomic axons to the parotid gland, carotid body, posterior third of the tongue; the branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001074 abnormal vagus nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the autonomic, sensory and motor axons of the tenth cranial nerve; it is primarily sensory but also has visceromotor components; it originates in the brain stem and controls many autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, stomach, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract components, and also controls some motor functions such as speech; the sensory branches mediate sensation from the pharynx, larynx, thorax and abdomen; it also innervates taste buds in the epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001075 abnormal accessory nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the eleventh cranial nerve, which normally originates from neurons in the medulla and in the cervical spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001076 abnormal hypoglossal nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the motor nerve which innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001077 abnormal spinal nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the any of the 31 paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001078 abnormal phrenic nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001077 abnormal spinal nerve morphology any structural anomaly of motor, sensory and sympathetic neuron axons that project to the diaphragm and other tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001079 absent phrenic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001078 abnormal phrenic nerve morphology absence of the motor, sensory and sympathetic neuron axons that project to the diaphragm and other tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001080 defasiculated phrenic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009450 abnormal axon fasciculation misprojection or failure to bundle the motor, sensory and sympathetic neuron axons that project to the diaphragm and other tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001082 abnormal geniculate ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology any structural anomaly of the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001083 small geniculate ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001082 abnormal geniculate ganglion morphology reduced size of the geniculate ganglion or decreased size of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the facial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001084 abnormal petrosal ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001096 abnormal glossopharyngeal ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the larger, lower group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001085 small petrosal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001084 abnormal petrosal ganglion morphology reduced size of the lower group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001086 absent petrosal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001084 abnormal petrosal ganglion morphology absence of the lower group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001087 abnormal nodose ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001100 abnormal vagus ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001088 small nodose ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001087 abnormal nodose ganglion morphology reduced size of the large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001089 absent nodose ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001087 abnormal nodose ganglion morphology absence of the large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001092 abnormal trigeminal ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology any structural anomaly of the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001093 small trigeminal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001092 abnormal trigeminal ganglion morphology reduced size of the trigeminal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001094 trigeminal ganglion hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001095 enlarged trigeminal ganglion increased bulk size due to increased cell size of the trigeminal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001095 enlarged trigeminal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001092 abnormal trigeminal ganglion morphology increased size of the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001096 abnormal glossopharyngeal ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology any structural anomaly of the two groups of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the ninth cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001097 abnormal superior glossopharyngeal ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001096 abnormal glossopharyngeal ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the upper, smaller ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve located at the jugular foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001098 small superior glossopharyngeal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001097 abnormal superior glossopharyngeal ganglion morphology reduced size of the upper ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve located at the jugular foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001100 abnormal vagus ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology any structural anomaly of the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001101 abnormal superior vagus ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001100 abnormal vagus ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the upper ganglion of the vagus nerve located at the jugular foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001102 small superior vagus ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001101 abnormal superior vagus ganglion morphology reduced size of the upper ganglion of the vagus nerve located at the jugular foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001105 abnormal PNS glial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003634 abnormal glial cell morphology any structural anomaly of non-neuronal cells that form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001106 abnormal Schwann cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001105 abnormal PNS glial cell morphology any structural anomaly of the cells which form the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001107 decreased Schwann cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001106 abnormal Schwann cell morphology fewer than normal number of cells that sheath the axons of the peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001108 absent Schwann cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001107 decreased Schwann cell number missing cells that sheath the axons of the peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001109 absent Schwann cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004075 decreased Schwann cell precursor number missing progenitors of cells that sheath the axons of the peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001116 small gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002211 abnormal primary sex determination reduced size of the testis or the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001117 absent gametes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001124 abnormal gametes absence of mature reproductive cells, ovum or spermatozoon, capable of fusing with a cell of similar origin, but opposite sex to give a zygote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001119 abnormal female reproductive system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology any structural anomaly of the organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that bears the offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009209 abnormal internal female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001121 uterus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002637 small uterus decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the uterus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001123 dilated uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology stretched or widened luminal space of the female muscular organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001124 abnormal gametes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002208 abnormal germ cell morphology anomaly of any mature reproductive cell, ovum or spermatozoon, capable of fusing with a cell of similar origin, but opposite sex, to produce a zygote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001125 abnormal oocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006361 abnormal female germ cell morphology any structural anomaly of the mature germ cells in the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013324 abnormal female reproductive gland morphology any structural anomaly of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001127 small ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004853 abnormal ovary size reduced size of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001128 ovary hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004832 enlarged ovary increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ovary, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001129 impaired ovarian folliculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001130 abnormal ovarian folliculogenesis a block in the formation of the spherical ovum in the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001130 abnormal ovarian folliculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology atypical formation or failure to form the spherical ovum in the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any structural anomaly of the sac-like structure in the ovary which surrounds an ovum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001132 absent mature ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002682 decreased mature ovarian follicle number absence of ovarian follicles that are ready for ovulation and present a blanched spot (the follicular stigma) where the graafian follicle is about to rupture on the surface of the ovary; a first maturation (meiotic) division of the primary oocyte usually occurs just prior to rupture of the follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001133 impaired luteal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation abnormal development of the cells of the corpus luteum of the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001134 absent corpus luteum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002679 abnormal corpus luteum morphology absence of the yellow endocrine body formed in the ovary after follicle rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001135 abnormal uterine cervix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology any structural anomaly of the lower opening of the uterus to the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001136 dilated uterine cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001135 abnormal uterine cervix morphology stretched or widened aperture of the lower opening of the uterus to the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001137 abnormal uterine cervix epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001135 abnormal uterine cervix morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001138 abnormal uterine cervix squamous epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001137 abnormal uterine cervix epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the scaly epithelial layer of the cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009209 abnormal internal female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the genital canal in the female that extends between the cervix of the uterus and the vestibule; it is an organ of copulation that receives the penis during sexual intercourse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001140 abnormal vagina epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001141 thickened vaginal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001140 abnormal vagina epithelium morphology increased depth of the vaginal epithelial layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001142 abnormal vagina orifice morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology any structural anomaly of the median slit located inferior and posterior to the external urethral orifice in the female; the exit for menstrual flow and birth and the entrance for the penis during sexual intercourse; the size and appearance of the vaginal orifice varies inversely with that of the hymen (G. membrane), a thin fold of mucous membrane that surrounds the vaginal orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001143 constricted vagina orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001142 abnormal vagina orifice morphology shrunken, narrowed external median slit located inferior and posterior to the external urethral orifice in the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001144 vagina atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001142 abnormal vagina orifice morphology imperforation or occlusion of the vagina, or adhesion of the walls of the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001145 abnormal male reproductive system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology any structural anomaly of the organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013325 abnormal male reproductive gland morphology any structural anomaly of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001147 small testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004849 abnormal testis size reduced size of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001148 enlarged testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004849 abnormal testis size increased size of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001149 testicular hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001148 enlarged testis increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the testes, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001150 enlarged scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002669 abnormal scrotum morphology increased size of the external sac of skin that encloses the testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001151 enlarged foreskin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003553 abnormal foreskin morphology increased size of the loose fold of skin that covers the penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001152 increased Leydig cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002786 abnormal Leydig cell morphology increased number of the interstitial cells found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle that produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001153 small seminiferous tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006307 abnormal seminiferous tubule size reduced diameter of the tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001154 seminiferous tubule degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002216 abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001155 arrest of spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001156 abnormal spermatogenesis block of the process by which spermatogonial stem cells divide and differentiate into spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001156 abnormal spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001929 abnormal gametogenesis incomplete maturation or aberrant formation of the male gametes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001157 small seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004907 abnormal seminal vesicle size reduced size of one of the two folded, sac shaped, glands that is a diverticulum of the ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013330 abnormal male accessory sex gland morphology any structural anomaly of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001159 absent prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology missing gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001163 abnormal prostate gland anterior lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology any structural anomaly of the rodent prostate lobe that appears as a thin tubular structure, attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001167 prostate gland epithelial hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001168 abnormal prostate gland epithelium morphology epithelium is multi-layered instead of columnar and has increased cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001168 abnormal prostate gland epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology any structural anomaly of the prostate epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001169 abnormal bulbourethral gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013330 abnormal male accessory sex gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the small paired racemose (compound tubulo-alveolar) glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch, and enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle; they secrete a clear fluid known as pre-ejaculate (Cowper's fluid), and are homologous to the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands in the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001170 bulbourethral gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001169 abnormal bulbourethral gland morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the bulbourethral gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly of the paired lobed visceral organs of respiration in the pulmonary cavity of the thorax where aeration of the blood normally occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003115 abnormal respiratory system development anomaly in the process of formation of the paired lobed visceral organs of respiration in the pulmonary cavity of the thorax where aeration of the blood normally occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001177 atelectasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002270 abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology decrease or absent air in the entire or part of a lung, with resulting loss of lung volume, due to trauma, blockage or congenital defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001178 pulmonary hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003641 small lung decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lung, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001179 thick pulmonary interalveolar septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010900 abnormal pulmonary interalveolar septum morphology increased width of the tissue intervening between two adjacent pulmonary alveoli, which consists of the basement membranes of alveolar-lining epithelium (mostly type I pneumocytes) and capillary endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001181 absent lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology absence of the paired lobed visceral organs of respiration in the pulmonary cavity of the thorax where aeration of the blood normally occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001182 lung hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002295 abnormal pulmonary circulation bleeding within the paired lobed visceral organs of respiration in the pulmonary cavity of the thorax where aeration of the blood normally occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001183 overexpanded pulmonary alveolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002270 abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology expanded volume of one or more of the saclike terminal dilations of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar sacs across which gas exchance occurs between alveolar air and the pulmonary capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001184 absent pulmonary alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002270 abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology absence of the saclike terminal dilation of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar sacs across which gas exchance occurs between alveolar air and the pulmonary capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of mammalian organisms that are manifested through the deposition or aggregation of coloring matter in any tissue or cell of the organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001188 hyperpigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype excess of pigment in any or all tissues or a part of a tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001189 absent skin pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation lack of pigmentation of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001190 reddish skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance skin has a more intense ruddy appearance than normal, often due to capillary congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001191 abnormal skin condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any anomaly in the state or quality of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001192 scaly skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance loss of the outer layer of the epidermis in thick, dry scale-like patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001193 psoriasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001191 abnormal skin condition chronic skin lesions characterized by inflammation and silvery-scaly patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001194 dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004947 skin inflammation inflammation of the skin (redness and itching) caused by an allergic reaction or contact with an irritant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001195 flaky skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance shedding flakes on the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001196 shiny skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance skin with a glossy or glistening appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001197 oily skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001196 shiny skin skin secreting an unusually high amount of oil, resulting in a glossy, shiny appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001198 tight skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance skin has a taut, stretched appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001199 thin skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001191 abnormal skin condition reduced thickness of the outer protective layer of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001200 thick skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001191 abnormal skin condition greater thickness of the outer protective layer of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001201 translucent skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance skin that is more transparent to light than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001202 skin photosensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology abnormally heightened reactivity of the skin to sunlight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001203 increased sensitivity to skin irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology increased incidence of aberrant or damaged cells due to irradiation induced genotoxic damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001204 decreased sensitivity to skin irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology decreased incidence of aberrant or damaged cells due to irradiation induced genotoxic damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001208 blistering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance accumulation of fluid- filled thin walled structures under the epidermis or within the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001209 spontaneous skin ulceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001212 skin lesions unpredictable appearance of skin lesions, usually with inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001210 skin ridges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance long raised strips of skin, usually aligned to the proximal-distal axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001211 wrinkled skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance irregular folds and/or indentations on the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001212 skin lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance focal pathological and/or inflammatory changes characterized by alteration in the size, shape and organization of the cellular components of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001213 abnormal skin cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology greater than or fewer than the expected numbers of cells in the cutis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001214 skin hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001213 abnormal skin cell number increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the skin, typically resulting in increased thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001215 skin hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001213 abnormal skin cell number decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the skin, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any structural anomaly of the superficial epithelial portion of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001217 absent epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology missing the epidermal cell layer in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001218 thin epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology reduced thickness of the superficial epithelial portion of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001219 thick epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology increase in the width of the epidermal cell layer in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001220 epidermal necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of the epidermal layer of skin; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001221 epidermal atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030584 skin atrophy acquired diminution of the size of epidermal layer of the skin, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001222 epidermal hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the epidermis, typically resulting in increased thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001224 abnormal keratinocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003453 abnormal keratinocyte physiology aberrant programmed cell death or anomaly in the number of the cells of the epidermis that produce keratin in the process of differentiating into the dead and fully keratinized cells of the stratum corneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001230 epidermal desquamation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology shedding of the cuticle of the epidermis in scales or shreds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001231 abnormal epidermis stratum basale morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001232 absent epidermis stratum basale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001231 abnormal epidermis stratum basale morphology absence of the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001233 abnormal epidermis suprabasal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the suprabasal layer of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001234 absent suprabasal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001233 abnormal epidermis suprabasal layer morphology absence of the suprabasal layer of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001235 disorganized suprabasal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001233 abnormal epidermis suprabasal layer morphology derangement of the pattern of the suprabasal layer of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001236 abnormal epidermis stratum spinosum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of polyhedral cells in the epidermis; shrinkage and adhesion of these cells gives a spiny or prickly appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001237 enlarged spinous cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001236 abnormal epidermis stratum spinosum morphology increased size of the immature keratinocytes of the spinous layer of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001238 thin epidermis stratum spinosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001236 abnormal epidermis stratum spinosum morphology reduced thickness of the stratum spinosum; the polyhedral cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001239 abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001240 abnormal epidermis stratum corneum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinized non-nucleated cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001241 absent epidermis stratum corneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001240 abnormal epidermis stratum corneum morphology absence of the outer layer of the epidermis, composed of several layers of keratinized non-nucleated cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001242 hyperkeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001240 abnormal epidermis stratum corneum morphology thickening of the horny layer of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any structural anomaly or atypical condition of the dermal layer of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001244 thin dermal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology reduced thickness of the dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001245 thick dermal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology increased depth of the dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001246 mixed cellular infiltration to dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology gradual accumulation of mixed cell types in the dermis that are not normally found there http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001247 dermal cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031309 skin cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in the dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001251 dermis papillary layer hypercellularity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009545 abnormal dermis papillary layer morphology increased cell density of the superficial layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001253 abnormal body height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003956 abnormal body size any anomaly in the shoulder to floor distance compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001254 increased body height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001264 increased body size increased shoulder to floor distance compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001255 decreased body height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001265 decreased body size decreased shoulder to floor distance compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001256 abnormal body length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003956 abnormal body size any anomaly in the measure of the head and trunk (head, thorax and abdomen) in the rostral-caudal direction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001257 increased body length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001264 increased body size increased measure of the head and trunk (head, thorax and abdomen) in the rostral-caudal direction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001258 decreased body length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001265 decreased body size decreased measure of the head and trunk (head, thorax and abdomen) in the rostral-caudal direction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001259 abnormal body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003956 abnormal body size anomaly in average weight compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001260 increased body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012323 increased total tissue mass greater than normal average weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001262 decreased body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012322 decreased total tissue mass lower than normal average weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001263 weight loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001262 decreased body weight progressive reduction of body weight below normal average for age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001264 increased body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003956 abnormal body size larger than average body weight, height and/or length of an organism compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001265 decreased body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003956 abnormal body size smaller than average body weight, height and/or length of an organism compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001267 enlarged chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004134 abnormal chest morphology wider diameter, or distended chest cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001268 barrel chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001267 enlarged chest distended circumference of the thoracic and abdominal areas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001270 distended abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype abdomen appears curved outward or swollen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001272 increased metastatic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000858 abnormal metastatic potential greater likelihood of a tumor cell spreading from the site of the initial tumor formation and forming a secondary tumor at another site not directly connected with it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001273 decreased metastatic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000858 abnormal metastatic potential reduced likelihood of a tumor cell spreading from the site of the initial tumor formation and forming a secondary tumor at another site not directly connected with it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001274 curly vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology coiled or spiral shape of the stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001277 tangled vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology snarled or intertwined stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001278 kinked vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology sharp bends in the stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001279 wavy vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology undulations or a sinusoidal shape of the stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001280 loss of vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology inability to retain the stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001281 increased vibrissae length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology longer average length of the stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001282 short vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology decreased length of the stiff hairs projecting from the face around the nose of most mammals which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001283 sparse vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology few and widely spaced stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001284 absent vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology absence of the stiff hairs that project from the face around the nose of most mammals, and which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology malformation or arrest of differentiation of the visual organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001288 abnormal lens induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005545 abnormal lens development any anomaly in the signaling at short range between the head ectoderm and the optic vesicle that results in the head ectoderm forming a lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001289 persistence of hyaloid vascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002699 abnormal vitreous body morphology failure of the degeneration of the transient vascular system of the eye during development, that normally nourishes the retina, immature lens and primary vitreous of the developing eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001290 delayed eyelid opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004874 abnormal timing of postnatal eyelid opening late average time for the first postnatal eye opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001292 abnormal lens vesicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001288 abnormal lens induction malformation or abnormal patterning of the ectodermal invagination that forms opposite the optic cup in the primordium of the lens of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001293 anophthalmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology absence of the globe and ocular tissue from the orbit, with or without the presence of ocular adnexa (eyelids, conjunctiva, and lacrimal apparatus); remnants of the globe sometimes appear in ectopic locations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001296 macrophthalmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002697 abnormal eye size increased average size of the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001297 microphthalmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002697 abnormal eye size reduced average size of one or both eyes; generally refers to a congenital defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001299 abnormal eye distance/ position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology abnormal placement of the eyes in relation to each other or in relation to other craniofacial structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001300 ocular hypertelorism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001299 abnormal eye distance/ position increased interpupillary distance, i.e. increased distance between the center of the pupils of the two eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001302 eyelids open at birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology open eyes instead of closed at perinatal stage; failure of the upper and lower thin folds of skin and muscle that cover the exposed portion of the eye to fuse completely together during development and an individual is born with the eye(s) uncovered leading to degrees of injury and blindness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the transparent structure of the eye responsible for focusing light rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology complete or partial opacity of the lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001305 enlarged lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology increased size of the transparent structure of the eye responsible for focusing light rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001306 small lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology reduced size of the transparent structure of the eye responsible for focusing light rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001307 fused cornea and lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005545 abnormal lens development condition in which the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye is joined to the transparent biconvex cellular refractive structure lying between the iris and vitreous humor of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001308 abnormal lens polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020486 abnormal lens topology failure of normal orientation of the lens during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001309 hydropic eye lens fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002840 abnormal lens fiber morphology swollen cortical fibers of the eye lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001310 abnormal conjunctiva morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013754 abnormal ocular surface morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber; together with the lens, the cornea refracts light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001313 increased incidence of corneal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation greater than average occurrence and/or persistence of the local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001314 corneal opacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology complete or partial clouding of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001316 corneal scarring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology appearance of fibrous tissue on the cornea after healing in response to injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology any structural anomaly of the central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001318 pupil opacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology milky or cloudy appearance of the central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays normally enter the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001319 irregularly shaped pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology shape defects in the aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye, usually circular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001320 small pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology smaller than normal size of the central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005194 abnormal anterior uvea morphology any structural anomaly of the adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001324 abnormal eye pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009389 abnormal extracutaneous pigmentation change in the normal pigmentation of the eye to another color, or lack of color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002864 abnormal ocular fundus morphology any structural anomaly of the thin layer of neural tissue lining the back of the eyeball which contains visual receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001326 retina degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology retrogressive pathological change in the thin layer of neural tissue lining the back of the eyeball, which contains visual receptors and can result in the impairment or cessation of retinal neural function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001327 decreased retina photoreceptor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001004 abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology fewer than the expected number of rods and/or cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001328 disorganized retina layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003727 abnormal retina layer morphology derangement of the pattern of the sheets of cells comprising the optic part of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001329 retina hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the retina, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005195 abnormal posterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the second cranial nerve which is responsible for conveying visual information from the retina to the brain; it extends from the retina to the optic chiasma where part of its fibers become the optic tract and cross to the opposite side and pass to the geniculate bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001332 abnormal optic nerve innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology misprojection or aberrant target finding of the second cranial nerve which is responsible for conveying visual information from the retina to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001333 absent optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology absence of the second cranial nerve which is responsible for conveying visual information from the retina to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001334 absent optic tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004267 abnormal optic tract morphology absence of the band of the paired bands of optic nerve fibers running from the optic chiasma mostly to the lateral geniculate body, with a smaller number of fibers terminating in the superior colliculus and the pretectal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001337 dry eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology absence of natural or normal moisture in the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of the skin folds covering the front of the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001341 absent eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology missing skin folds covering the front of the eyeball when closed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001343 pronounced eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology strongly protruding eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001344 blepharoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology ptosis, drooping eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001345 Meibomian gland atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013388 small Meibomian gland acquired diminution of the size of the sebaceous glands embedded in the tarsal plate of each eyelid, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the glands that secrete tears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001347 absent lacrimal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology missing the glands that secrete tears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001348 abnormal lacrimal gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the glands that secrete tears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001349 excessive tearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020218 abnormal tear production an unusually high amount of fluid in the eye, either oversecreted by the lacrimal glands, or due to imperfect drainage by the tear conducting passages, often resulting in overflow of fluid from the eye onto the cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001353 increased aggression towards mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021115 abnormal aggression towards conspecific when compared to controls, subjects exhibit greater than the normal level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action toward other mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001354 increased aggression towards male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001353 increased aggression towards mice when compared to controls, subjects exhibit greater than the normal level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action toward male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001355 submission towards male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005656 decreased aggression no domineering, assault posture nor hostile physical action toward male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001356 increased aggression towards female mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001353 increased aggression towards mice when compared to controls, subjects exhibit greater than the normal level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action toward female mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001357 increased aggression towards humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005655 increased aggression when compared to controls, subjects exhibit greater than the normal level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action toward humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001358 aggression towards inanimate objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005655 increased aggression a domineering, assault posture and/or hostile physical action toward inanimate objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001360 abnormal social investigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002557 abnormal social/conspecific interaction behavior altered behavior of animals to approach and examine conspecifics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001361 social withdrawal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021111 decreased social investigation reclusive behavior; the tendency to refrain from participating in social situations and to seek isolation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001362 abnormal anxiety-related response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002065 abnormal fear/anxiety-related behavior altered emotional response related to anticipation of a non-specific threat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001363 increased anxiety-related response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001362 abnormal anxiety-related response when compared to controls, subjects exhibit more responses thought to be indicative of anxiety in behavioral tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001364 decreased anxiety-related response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001362 abnormal anxiety-related response when compared to controls, subjects exhibit fewer responses thought to be indicative of anxiety in behavioral tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001375 abnormal mating preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002566 abnormal sexual interaction any change from the common preference of an initiating organism to initiate sexual contact with a receptive partner; in rodents, this usually refers to males that attempts to initiate sexual behavior with males and females indiscriminately http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001376 abnormal mating receptivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002566 abnormal sexual interaction deviation from the normal cycle or inability of females to respond favorably to males that initiate sexual behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001377 abnormal mating frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002566 abnormal sexual interaction increased, reduced or absent attempt of sexual behavioral contact between an initiating organism and a receptive partner http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001378 abnormal ejaculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003698 abnormal male reproductive system physiology anomalies in the ability to propulse semen from the genital ducts and the urethra to the exterior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001379 abnormal penile erection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009697 abnormal copulation altered ability to achieve a rigid state of the penis obtained in the condition in which the erectile tissue is filled with blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001380 reduced male mating frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001377 abnormal mating frequency males do not as frequently initiate sexual behavior (as scored by the presence of copulation plugs in rodents, not due to infertility) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001382 abnormal nursing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001386 abnormal maternal nurturing females show anomlies in the feeding of offspring from mammary glands, or do not nurse offspring, or nurse offspring infrequently http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001384 abnormal pup retrieval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009731 abnormal offspring retrieval any anomaly in the ability of a nesting female to retrieve stray pups to the nest or a delay in retrieving stray pups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001385 pup cannibalization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001386 abnormal maternal nurturing the killing and eating of newborn mice by the mother; however, this can be a normal response if the mother does not recognize the pups as her own http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001386 abnormal maternal nurturing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008779 abnormal maternal behavior anomaly in the behaviors related to a female tending to young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001388 abnormal stationary movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement altered ability or inability to change body posture or shift a body part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001389 abnormal eye movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology deviation from the normal motility of the visual organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001391 abnormal tail movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001388 abnormal stationary movement a change from the normal manner of moving the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001392 abnormal locomotor behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement altered ability or inability to move from place to place in response to stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001393 ataxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003312 abnormal locomotor coordination inability to coordinate voluntary muscular movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001394 circling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior repeated movement in a circle; often associated with inner ear defects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001395 bidirectional circling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001394 circling circling behavior exhibited in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001396 unidirectional circling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001394 circling circling behavior in one direction only, either clockwise or counterclockwise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001399 hyperactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement general restlessness or excessive movement; more frequent movement from one place to another or having an increased state of activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001400 hyperresponsive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002067 abnormal sensory capabilities/reflexes/nociception increased reaction to touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001401 jumpy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance marked by fitful, jerky movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001402 decreased locomotor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031392 hypoactivity general reduction in locomotor activity; reduced movement from one place to another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001404 no spontaneous movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement failure of neonates or embryos to initiate any voluntary or spontaneous change in position or posture, with or without external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001405 impaired coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance reduced ability to execute integrated movements of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001406 abnormal gait http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003312 abnormal locomotor coordination abnormal pattern of movement of the limbs of animals, characterized by elements of progression, stability, speed and length over the ground http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001407 short stride length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012690 abnormal stride length reduced average distance between steps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement repetitive, invariant, perseverative motor patterns that do not appear to be purposeful http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001409 increased stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior more frequent incidence of repetitive, invariant, perseverative motor patterns that do not appear to be purposeful http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001410 head bobbing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior repetitive up and down movement of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001411 spinning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior repetitive rolling of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001412 excessive scratching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001440 abnormal grooming behavior compulsive scraping of the skin, usually with the nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001413 abnormal response to new environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003107 abnormal response to novelty altered behavioral reaction associated with placing an animal in a new location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001415 increased exploration in new environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013189 abnormal exploration in a new environment greater amount of time spent investigating new location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001417 decreased exploration in new environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013189 abnormal exploration in a new environment less amount of time spent investigating a new location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001422 abnormal drinking behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002069 abnormal consumption behavior an altered pattern of fluid consumption or altered preference for particular fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001423 abnormal liquid preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001422 abnormal drinking behavior the desire to drink more or less fluids than average, or to drink unusual fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001425 abnormal alcohol consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic aberrant behavioral-related or physiological-related intake of alcohol into the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001426 polydipsia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011941 increased fluid intake abnormally large intake of fluids by mouth, usually due to excessive thirst that is relatively prolonged http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001428 adipsia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001422 abnormal drinking behavior failure to drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001429 dehydration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001784 abnormal fluid regulation excessive water loss from the body or from an organ or bodily part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002069 abnormal consumption behavior altered ability to consume foods or atypical consumption pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001432 abnormal food preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior the desire to eat more or less food than average, or to eat unusual foods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001433 polyphagia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011939 increased food intake eating to excess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001435 absent suckling reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020863 abnormal suckling reflex inability to orient and open/close mouth in sucking pattern in response to external light touching or stroking of the chin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001436 abnormal suckling behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior reduced ability or inability to exert suction by the mouth, or atypical suckling pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001437 no swallowing reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001436 abnormal suckling behavior inability to pull food through the esophagus to the stomach in response to feeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001438 aphagia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005449 abnormal food intake failure to eat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001440 abnormal grooming behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior defects in the standard of behavior of cleaning and/or keeping outward appearance tidy (self, mate or offspring) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001441 increased grooming behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001440 abnormal grooming behavior increased amount of time spent cleaning and/or keeping outward appearance tidy (self, mate or offspring) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001442 decreased grooming behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001440 abnormal grooming behavior reduced amount of time spent cleaning and/or keeping outward appearance tidy (self, mate or offspring) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001443 poor grooming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001440 abnormal grooming behavior below average standard of cleaning and/or keeping outward appearance tidy (self, mate or offspring) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001446 abnormal whisker trimming behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011000 abnormal allogrooming behavior anomaly in the behavior of plucking or biting off of the whiskers/vibrissae from other individuals of a cohort http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001447 abnormal nest building behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002068 abnormal parental behavior deviation from the usual behavior of nesting animals to build sleeping nests out of any available materials, or of nesting animals to build nests to protect offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001454 abnormal cued conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between an aversive experience (the unconditioned stimulus (US), usually a shock) and a neutral stimulus (the conditioned stimulus (CS), usually an auditory cue or light flash) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001458 abnormal object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to recognize objects that the animal has previously encountered; recognition is measured by relative amount of time exploring objects, which should decrease upon subsequent or multiple presentations of the same object when presented with novel objects at the same time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001460 abnormal olfactory discrimination memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002802 abnormal discrimination learning anomaly in the ability to exhibit a differential response to olfactory stimuli that is achieved by the reinforcement of the desired response for each particular olfactory stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001462 abnormal avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in the ability to associate a previously neutral stimulus with an unpleasant or punishing stimuli so that the animal learns to avoid the previously neutral stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001463 abnormal spatial learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to ascertain or acquire spatial location information in order to improve navigation or other behavior using such location cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001468 abnormal temporal memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to recall temporal events and stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001469 abnormal contextual conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between an aversive experience (the unconditioned stimulus (US), usually a shock) and the neutral, unchanging environment (the conditioned stimulus (CS), or the environmental context in this case) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001473 reduced long-term potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002207 abnormal long-term potentiation less than the normal persistent robust synaptic response induced by synchronous stimulation of pre- and postsynaptic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001475 reduced long-term depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001898 abnormal long-term depression less than the normal, persistent activity-dependent decrease in synaptic efficacy between neurons, often following slow, weak stimulation of CA1 neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001485 abnormal pinna reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex anomaly in the response to an auditory stimulus by a characteristic ear twitch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001486 abnormal startle reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex aberrant threshold or reflex response to variable stimuli, often auditory; usually measured by amplitude of whole body flinch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001488 increased startle reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001486 abnormal startle reflex reduced threshold or more severe reflex response to variable stimuli, often auditory; usually measured by amplitude of whole body flinch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001489 decreased startle reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001486 abnormal startle reflex greater threshold or less severe reflex response to variable stimuli, often auditory; usually measured by amplitude of whole body flinch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001490 abnormal vibrissae reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex animals do not change position in response to stimulation of the whiskers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001491 unresponsive to tactile stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005316 abnormal response to tactile stimuli absence of reflex action normally induced by touch or pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001492 abnormal pilomotor reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex anomaly in the involuntary bristling of hairs that occurs when an organism is cold or experiences strong emotions such as fear or awe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001496 audiogenic seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009358 environmentally induced seizures a reflex seizure triggered by loud noises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001499 abnormal kindling response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001650 abnormal seizure response to electrical stimulation any anomaly in the long-lasting epileptogenic changes normally induced by daily sub threshold electrical brain stimulation, often used as an induced model for epilepsy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001500 decreased kindling response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001499 abnormal kindling response fewer epileptogenic changes normally induced by daily sub threshold electrical brain stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001501 abnormal sleep pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011396 abnormal sleep behavior deviation from the normal wake/sleep cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001504 abnormal posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement atypical intentionally or habitually assumed position of the limbs or carriage of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001505 hunched posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001504 abnormal posture stooped low with the limbs pulled in close to the body and arched back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001506 limp posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001504 abnormal posture lack of rigidity of the carriage of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000367 abnormal coat/ hair morphology anomaly in the visual aspect of the coat or hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001511 disheveled coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance coat that looks generally unkempt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001512 trunk curl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001504 abnormal posture posture of the trunk in a curled position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001513 limb grasping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex mice clasp front and/or hind feet almost immediately upon being lifted by tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001515 abnormal grip strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004262 abnormal physical strength altered ability to grasp and hold objects, often measured as time spent hanging from an object or wire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement altered ability of an animal to maintain skillful and effective interaction of movements or maintenance of equilibrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001522 impaired swimming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003312 abnormal locomotor coordination reduced ability or inability to swim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001523 impaired righting response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002862 abnormal righting response reduced ability or greater amount of time needed to recover from an unnatural position to a normal position and/or to resist any force acting to place an organism into a false position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001524 impaired limb coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003312 abnormal locomotor coordination reduced ability to organize limb movements to execute complex maneuvers, such as walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001525 impaired balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance reduced ability of an animal to maintain equilibrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001526 abnormal placing response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance altered ability to stretch and lift the forelimbs and head to grab a close edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001527 athetotic walking movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003492 abnormal involuntary movement characterized by slow, writhing involuntary movements of flexion, extension, pronation and supination of the paws and toes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001529 abnormal vocalization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior an inability, decreased ability or altered ability to produce sound from the vocal organs; or a general increase or decrease in the production of vocal sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005390 skeleton phenotype any functional anomaly of the bony framework of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001539 decreased caudal vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004645 decreased vertebrae number reduced number of the bony segments of the tail or tail remnant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001541 abnormal osteoclast physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002998 abnormal bone remodeling any functional anomaly of the specialized phagocytic cells associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001542 abnormal bone strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology change in the ability of bone to endure the application of force without yielding or breaking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005385 cardiovascular system phenotype any functional anomaly of the heart or vascular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001545 abnormal hematopoietic system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005397 hematopoietic system phenotype any functional anomaly of the fluid and/or its suspended elements that circulate(s) through the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis any anomaly in the concentrations of fat-soluble substances (molecules composed of carbon and hydrogen and are characteristically insoluble in water) in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001548 hyperlipidemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003949 abnormal circulating lipid level abnormally high concentration of lipids in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001552 increased circulating triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011969 abnormal circulating triglyceride level greater concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in the blood; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001553 abnormal circulating free fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010358 abnormal free fatty acids level any anomaly in the blood concentrations of the fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacyglycerols are taken into tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001554 increased circulating free fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005281 increased fatty acids level higher than normal levels of the fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacyglycerols are taken into tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001556 increased circulating HDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005178 increased circulating cholesterol level higher amount in the blood of the small lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports cholesterol out of the arteries and to the liver for reprocessing or excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001559 hyperglycemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005559 increased circulating glucose level abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood; generally refers to a pathological state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001560 abnormal circulating insulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level any anomaly in the blood concentration of the polypeptide hormone, secreted by beta cells of the pancreas, that promotes glucose utilization, protein synthesis, and the formation and storage of neutral lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001562 abnormal circulating calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020879 abnormal calcium level any anomaly in the concentration of calcium in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001565 abnormal circulating phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020885 abnormal phosphate level any anomaly in the blood concentrations of the salt or ester of phosphoric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001566 increased circulating phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001565 abnormal circulating phosphate level abnormally high concentrations of phosphates in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001569 abnormal circulating bilirubin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of the bile pigment bilirubin, normally found in the liver and in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level aberrant concentration in the blood of any of the proteins that act as catalysts for biological reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001573 abnormal circulating alanine transaminase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level aberrant concentration in the blood of the enzyme which transfers amino groups from l-alanine to 2-ketoglutarate, or the reverse (from l-glutamate to pyruvate); serum concentration is increased in viral hepatitis and myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001574 abnormal oxygen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003948 abnormal gas homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of the gaseous element that is essential for animal and plant life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001575 cyanosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis a dark bluish or purple skin discoloration resulting from deficient oxygenation of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001577 anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002429 abnormal blood cell morphology/development less than normal levels of red blood cells and/or hemoglobin within red blood cells, or volume of packed red blood cells in the bloodstream, resulting in insufficient oxygenation of tissues and organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001585 hemolytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001577 anemia deficiency of red cells resulting from an increased rate of erythrocyte destruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001586 abnormal erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013661 abnormal myeloid cell number altered number of the cells that transport oxygen, red blood cells, per unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001588 abnormal hemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology defects in the levels or the function of the oxygen-carrying protein of erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001589 abnormal mean corpuscular hemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001588 abnormal hemoglobin anomalies in the average levels of hemoglobin contained in an erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001596 hypotension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002843 decreased systemic arterial blood pressure sustained low blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001598 abnormal blood viscosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation anomaly in the resistance to flow of the blood through the vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001599 abnormal blood volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation any anomaly in the amount of space occupied by the blood in the vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001601 abnormal myelopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005460 abnormal leukopoiesis anomaly in the process of, or atypical formation of myeloid cells from the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow from myeloid stem cells, including the production of leukocytes in blood, such as monocytes and granulocytes and precursor cells for macrophage and dendritic cells found in the lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001602 impaired myelopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001601 abnormal myelopoiesis atypical process of bone marrow cell formation and/or the formation of bone marrow-derived blood cells with the result of fewer of these cells being formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001603 failure of myelopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001601 abnormal myelopoiesis missing the process of bone marrow cell formation and/or the formation of bone marrow-derived blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001606 impaired hematopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002429 abnormal blood cell morphology/development atypical process of blood cell formation with the result of fewer of these cells being formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001613 abnormal vasodilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005595 abnormal vascular smooth muscle physiology anomaly in the physiological widening of the lumen of the blood vessels by relaxing the underlying vascular smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that carries blood through the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001619 abnormal vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000249 abnormal blood vessel physiology anomaly in the ability of the blood vessels to permit the passage of substances such as fluid, heat, or gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001622 abnormal vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development aberrant process of the initial establishment of the vascular network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001625 cardiac hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000274 enlarged heart an increase in size of the cardiac tissue, not due to increased cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001627 abnormal cardiac output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation anomaly in the blood volume pumped by each ventricle per minute (stroke volume x heart rate) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001629 abnormal heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004085 abnormal heartbeat greater than or fewer than average resting heart beats per minute, usually measured by the number of times the heart ventricles contract per unit of time, usually per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001633 poor circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation insufficient movement of blood throughout the body, often manifesting in cold and/or pale skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001634 internal hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001914 hemorrhage blood loss in the interior of the body due to vessel rupture or dysmorphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001636 irregular heartbeat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004085 abnormal heartbeat uneven timing of heart contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001648 abnormal apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014355 abnormal programmed cell death excessive or absent cell death in a particular tissue or cell type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001649 abnormal mandibular symphysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030877 abnormal symphysis morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrocartilagenous union of the two halves of the mandible (embryonic stages) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001650 abnormal seizure response to electrical stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009357 abnormal seizure response to inducing agent anomaly in the seizure activity response that is brought about by high or low frequency electrical stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001652 colonic necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000495 abnormal colon morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of some or all colon tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001653 gastric necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of gastric tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001654 hepatic necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of liver tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001655 multifocal hepatic necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001654 hepatic necrosis morphological changes resulting from multiple localized areas of pathological death of liver tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001656 focal hepatic necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001654 hepatic necrosis morphological changes resulting from one or more localized areas of pathological death of some or all liver tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001657 abnormal induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010768 mortality/aging differences from the expected diseased state or death caused by an external intervention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001658 increased mortality induced by gamma-irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003992 increased mortality induced by ionizing radiation greater sensitivity to doses of ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001661 extended life span http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival persistence of life for a longer period than is normal for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005381 digestive/alimentary phenotype any functional anomaly of the organ system that converts ingested food to nutrients and energy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001664 abnormal digestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology any anomaly of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001665 chronic diarrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005036 diarrhea prolonged diarrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001666 abnormal intestinal absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001664 abnormal digestion any anomaly in the quantity or rate of any nutrient taken up from the contents of the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001668 abnormal intestinal fructose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001666 abnormal intestinal absorption any anomaly in the ability of the small intestine to absorb fructose into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001669 abnormal intestinal glucose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001666 abnormal intestinal absorption any anomaly in the ability of the small intestine to absorb glucose into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001670 abnormal intestinal mineral absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001666 abnormal intestinal absorption any anomaly in the ability of the body to take up inorganic substances that have importance in body functions into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001671 abnormal vitamin absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004019 abnormal vitamin homeostasis any anomaly in the ability to take in any of a group of organic substances, present in food, that are essential to normal metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001672 abnormal embryo development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype anomaly in the establishment of the characteristic configuration of the embryonic body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001674 abnormal germ layer development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001695 abnormal gastrulation abnormal development of the three primary germ layers of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001675 abnormal ectoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001674 abnormal germ layer development any abnormality in the formation of the outer of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (the others being mesoderm and endoderm) that originates in the epiblast and is formed during gastrulation; ectoderm is in contact with the amnionic cavity and gives rise to two distinct lineages, i.e. the surface ectoderm and the neural ectoderm; it is the source of Rathke's pouch and forms the central and peripheral nervous systems, the sensory epithelia of the eye, ear, and nose, the epidermis and its appendages (nails and hair), the mammary, pituitary and subcutaneous glands, the tooth enamel, and the mucous membranes of the mouth and anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001676 abnormal apical ectodermal ridge morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014139 abnormal ectoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the multilayered ectodermal region at the tip of a limb bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001677 absent apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001676 abnormal apical ectodermal ridge morphology missing the multilayered ectodermal region at the tip of a limb bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001678 thick apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001676 abnormal apical ectodermal ridge morphology increase in the thickness of the multilayered ectodermal region at the tip of a limb bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001679 thin apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001676 abnormal apical ectodermal ridge morphology decrease in the thickness of the multilayered ectodermal region at the tip of a limb bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001680 abnormal mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001674 abnormal germ layer development failure or abnormality in the formation of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (the others being ectoderm and endoderm) during gastrulation; mesoderm is the origin of connective tissues, myoblasts, blood, the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, most of the urogenital system, and the lining of the pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001683 absent mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014141 abnormal mesoderm morphology absence of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (the others being ectoderm and endoderm) during gastrulation; mesoderm is the origin of connective tissues, myoblasts, blood, the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems, most of the urogenital system, and the lining of the pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001684 abnormal axial mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014141 abnormal mesoderm morphology failure or abnormality in the formation of part of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo which includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm and gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001685 abnormal endoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001674 abnormal germ layer development any abnormality in the formation of the innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (the others being mesoderm and ectoderm) during gastrulation; endoderm gives rise to the epithelial lining of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts; the parenchyma of the tonsils, the liver, the thymus, the thyroid, the parathyroids, and the pancreas; the epithelial lining of the urinary bladder, urethra, and prostate; and the epithelial lining of the tympanic cavity, tympanic antrum, and auditory tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001687 thin endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014140 abnormal endoderm morphology reduced thickness of the innermost germ layer of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any anomaly in the formation of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo; somites are transient structures - balls or blocks of paraxial mesoderm cells with an epithelial outer layer and a mesenchymal cell core - that emerge sequentially through a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) from the morphologically unpatterned presomitic mesoderm; they give rise to the metameric anatomy of the vertebral column itself, and the associated skin, muscle and tendons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001689 incomplete somite formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009768 impaired somite development arrest of differentiation or patterning of the somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001690 failure of somite differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009768 impaired somite development disorganized or absent somite tissue or somite pattern in development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001691 abnormal somite shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001693 failure of primitive streak formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002230 abnormal primitive streak formation inability to form the epiblast ridge from which arises the germ layers of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001694 absent egg cylinders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003085 abnormal egg cylinder morphology inability of inner cell mass cells to grow towards the abembryonic pole to form a cylinder-like structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001695 abnormal gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning any anomaly in the development and invagination of the embryonic germ layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001696 failure to gastrulate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001695 abnormal gastrulation inability to differentiate and invaginate the primary germ layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001697 abnormal embryo size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014134 abnormal embryo morphology any anomaly in the proportions of embryo compared to littermates (sensu Mus: up to E14, or the completion of organogenesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001698 decreased embryo size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001697 abnormal embryo size smaller proportions of an embryo compared to littermates or other controls (sensu Mus: up to E14, or the completion of organogenesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001699 increased embryo size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001697 abnormal embryo size larger proportions of embryo compared to littermates or other controls (sensu Mus: up to E14, or the completion of organogenesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001700 abnormal embryo turning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001695 abnormal gastrulation atypical axial rotation of the germ layers of the embryo during the primitive streak/early somite stage during which the curvature of the entire trunk region is normally reversed and the neural ectoderm moves to the convex region and the midgut region becomes located in the concave region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001701 incomplete embryo turning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001700 abnormal embryo turning arrest of the axial rotation of the germ layers of the embryo during the primitive streak/early somite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001704 abnormal dorsal-ventral axis patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning anomaly in the development or formation of the axis that runs from the front to the back surface of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001705 abnormal proximal-distal axis patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning anomaly in the formation or development of a body structure, often a limb, in relation to the structure's proximity to the trunk or point of origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001706 abnormal left-right axis patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning anomaly in the formation or development of the body or a specific organ of the body in relation to the left and right sides of the body or organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001710 absent amniotic folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005029 abnormal amnion morphology failure of the amnion to form involutions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, which is partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001712 abnormal placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010038 abnormal placenta physiology malformed or incomplete differentiation of the organ of metabolic exchange between the fetus and mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001713 decreased trophoblast giant cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005033 abnormal trophoblast giant cell morphology fewer than normal number of cells of the extraembryonic cell layer that contributes to the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001714 absent trophoblast giant cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001713 decreased trophoblast giant cell number missing cells of the extraembryonic cell layer that contribute to the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001715 placental labyrinth hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011521 decreased placental labyrinth size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the placental labyrinth, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001716 abnormal placenta labyrinth morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology any structural anomaly of the placental layers where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood, and is the site where the exchange of nutrients and waste products occurs between the maternal and fetal circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001717 absent ectoplacental cone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005032 abnormal ectoplacental cone morphology missing the thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001718 abnormal visceral yolk sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001719 absent vitelline blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003229 abnormal vitelline vasculature morphology absence of the vascular network that supplies the yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001721 absent visceral yolk sac blood islands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011204 abnormal visceral yolk sac blood island morphology absence of the masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001722 pale yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001718 abnormal visceral yolk sac morphology bloodless yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001723 disorganized yolk sac vascular plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003229 abnormal vitelline vasculature morphology derangement in the pattern of the primary (honeycomb-like) vasculature of the yolk sac prior to remodeling into a mature vascular network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001724 abnormal extraembryonic endoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology malformation of the derivative of the hypoblast cells that migrate into the blastocyst cavity, and line the cavity, giving rise to the primary and definitive yolk sacs; the extraembryonic endoderm fills the remaining cavity of the blastocyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the connective stalk between the fetus and the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy anomaly in the process in which the blastocyst and/or the uterine environment to successfully synchronize allowing attachment of the blastocyst to the epithelial lining of the uterus, its penetration through the epithelium and any subsequent physiological interactions necessary to sustain embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001728 failure of embryo implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation inability of the blastocyst and/or the uterine environment to successfully synchronize allowing attachment of the blastocyst to the epithelial lining of the uterus, its penetration through the epithelium and any subsequent physiological interactions necessary to sustain embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001729 impaired embryo implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation impaired ability of the blastocyst and/or the uterine environment to successfully synchronize allowing attachment of the blastocyst to the epithelial lining of the uterus, its penetration through the epithelium and any subsequent physiological interactions necessary to sustain embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001730 embryonic growth arrest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001672 abnormal embryo development the cessation of development beyond a particular stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001731 abnormal postnatal growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002089 abnormal postnatal growth/weight/body size anomaly in reaching a developmental stage or stages after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001732 postnatal growth retardation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001731 abnormal postnatal growth slow or limited development after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001739 abnormal adrenal gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002909 abnormal adrenal gland physiology altered ability of the surparenal gland to produce or secrete hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001740 failure of adrenal epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001739 abnormal adrenal gland secretion inability of adrenal gland to deliver epinephrine into the blood stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001742 absent circulating adrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005660 abnormal circulating adrenaline level absence in the circulation of a catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors and causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001743 absent circulating noradrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005663 abnormal circulating noradrenaline level absence of the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS; noradrenaline is the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001744 hypersecretion of corticosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001739 abnormal adrenal gland secretion increased release of this adrenocortical steroid that induces glycogen deposition and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001745 increased circulating corticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005345 abnormal circulating corticosterone level greater than the normal blood amount of an adrenocortical steroid that induces glycogen deposition and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001746 abnormal pituitary secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005646 abnormal pituitary gland physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of biologically active substances from pituitary tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001747 hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003347 hyperpituitarism increased release of this pituitary hormone from the pituitary gland that stimulates the secretion of adrenal cortical steroids and induces growth of the adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001748 increased circulating adrenocorticotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005129 increased adrenocorticotropin level elevated concentration in the blood of the pituitary hormone that stimulates the secretion of adrenal cortical steroids and induces growth of the adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001749 suppressed circulating follicle stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002790 decreased circulating follicle stimulating hormone level repression of secretion into the blood of FSH, the hormone that, in females, stimulates the graafian follicles of the ovary and assists in follicular maturation and the secretion of estradiol; in the male it stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and is partly responsible for spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001750 increased circulating follicle stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005131 increased follicle stimulating hormone level higher than normal levels in the blood stream of FSH, the hormone that, in females, stimulates the graafian follicles of the ovary and assists in follicular maturation and the secretion of estradiol; in the male it stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and is partly responsible for spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001751 increased circulating luteinizing hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005133 increased luteinizing hormone level higher than the normal levels in the bloodstream of LH, the hormone that regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the testis and the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001752 abnormal hypothalamus secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005645 abnormal hypothalamus physiology altered ability of the hypothalamus to produce or release biologically active substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001753 hypersecretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001752 abnormal hypothalamus secretion excessive release of this factor, which normally stimulates the pituitary to release adrenocorticotropic hormone, from the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001754 increased circulating corticotropin-releasing hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level higher than average amount of CRH in blood; CRH is normally released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005502 abnormal renal/urinary system physiology anomaly in the process in which parasympathetic nerves stimulate the bladder wall muscle to contract resulting in the expulsion of urine from the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001758 abnormal urine glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of glucose in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001759 increased urine glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001758 abnormal urine glucose level a greater amount of glucose in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001760 abnormal urine enzyme level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the level of enzymes in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001761 abnormal urination pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination increased or decreased frequency of urination episodes, or extended periods of anuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001762 polyuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination increased volume of urine produced and excreted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of various functions and chemical or protein composition of the fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of charged molecules in the fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001770 abnormal iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005637 abnormal iron homeostasis any anomaly in the concentrations of the metallic element that normally occurs in the heme of hemoglobin, myoglobin, transferrin, ferritin, and iron-containing porphyrins and is an essential component of enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and various cytochromes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001771 abnormal circulating magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020883 abnormal magnesium level any anomaly in the blood concentration of magnesium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001775 abnormal selenium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000192 abnormal mineral level any anomaly in the concentration of selenium, which is required for glutathione peroxidase and other enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001776 abnormal circulating sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020889 abnormal sodium level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of sodium, the most plentiful extracellular ion in the body and the principal determinant of extracellular fluid volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001777 abnormal body temperature homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the process in which an organism modulates or maintains its internal body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001778 abnormal brown adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005452 abnormal adipose tissue amount anomaly in the amount of the thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001780 decreased brown adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001778 abnormal brown adipose tissue amount reduced quantity of the thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001781 abnormal white adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005452 abnormal adipose tissue amount anomaly in the quantity of the white fat-storing cells/tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001783 decreased white adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001781 abnormal white adipose tissue amount reduced quantity of fat-storing cells/tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001784 abnormal fluid regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the control of intracellular and/or extracellular fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001784 abnormal fluid regulation an accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells or intercellular tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001786 skin edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in the skin layers or just underneath the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001787 pericardial edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012501 abnormal pericardial cavity morphology accumulation of watery fluid in the pericardial sac of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001788 periorbital edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030038 abnormal periorbital region morphology accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in the area around the orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005387 immune system phenotype deviation from the normal function of the immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001792 impaired wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005023 abnormal wound healing reduced ability or inability to self-repair and close wounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005025 abnormal response to infection a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a pathogenic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001798 impaired macrophage phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008546 abnormal vesicle-mediated transport reduced ability of macrophage phagocytic cells to internalize particulate matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001800 abnormal humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology any functional anomaly of the aspect of immunity that is mediated by secreted antibodies produced in the cells of the B lymphocyte lineage (B cell) and the accessory processes that accompany it, including Th2 activation and cytokine production, germinal center formation and isotype switching, affinity maturation and memory cell generation; it also refers to the effector functions of antibody, which include pathogen and toxin neutralization, classical complement activation, and opsonin promotion of phagocytosis and pathogen elimination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001802 arrested B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002144 abnormal B cell differentiation inability to produce mature B cells, and accumulation of B cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001805 decreased IgG level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020174 abnormal IgG level less than normal immunoglobulin class G level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001806 decreased IgM level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020180 abnormal IgM level less than normal immunoglobulin class M level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001807 decreased IgA level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020171 abnormal IgA level less than normal immunoglobulin class A level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001819 abnormal immune cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology any functional anomaly of the cells of the immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001823 thymus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000706 small thymus decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thymus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001824 abnormal thymus involution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003763 abnormal thymus physiology premature or late decline in thymic function normally associated with advancing age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001825 arrested T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002145 abnormal T cell differentiation failure of T cell formation to proceed past a defined stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001828 abnormal T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology anomaly in the process of producing effector T cells from naive T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001829 increased activated T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005015 increased T cell number greater than normal numbers of effector T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001830 decreased activated T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005018 decreased T cell number reduced numbers of effector T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001835 abnormal antigen presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology aberration in the process by which by which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001836 abnormal antigen presentation via MHC class I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001835 abnormal antigen presentation anomaly in the process by which peptide, bound to major histocompatibility complex class I, is presented to lymphocytes at the surface of antigen presenting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001837 defective assembly of class I molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001836 abnormal antigen presentation via MHC class I impaired production of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001838 defective intracellular transport of class I molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001836 abnormal antigen presentation via MHC class I impaired ability to move major histocompatibility complex class I molecules to the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001839 abnormal level of surface class I molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001836 abnormal antigen presentation via MHC class I deviation from the normal concentration of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules expressed at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001840 increased level of surface class I molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001839 abnormal level of surface class I molecules greater than normal expression of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001841 decreased level of surface class I molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001839 abnormal level of surface class I molecules reduced expression of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001844 autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005005 abnormal self tolerance condition in which cells and/or antibodies arise from and are directed against one's own tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001845 abnormal inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology aberrant reaction of the microcirculation characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into extravascular tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001845 abnormal inflammatory response greater than expected response to injury, infection, or insult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001847 brain inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006082 CNS inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001848 choroid inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the thin, highly vascularized membrane covering most of the posterior of the eye between the retina and the sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001849 ear inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins and leukocytes in the ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001850 increased susceptibility to otitis media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001849 ear inflammation greater likelihood of middle ear inflammation, with an accumulation of a thick, mucous-like fluid; usually associated with a viral or bacterial respiratory infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001852 conjunctivitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001853 heart inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001854 atrial endocarditis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001853 heart inflammation inflammation affecting the atrial chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001855 abnormal atrial thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020409 abnormal cardiac thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi in the atria of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001856 myocarditis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001853 heart inflammation inflammation of the heart walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001857 pericarditis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001853 heart inflammation inflammation of the pericardium, the fibroserous sac surrounding the heart and the roots of the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001858 intestinal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010155 abnormal intestine physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001859 kidney inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011762 renal/urinary system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001860 liver inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001861 lung inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001862 interstitial pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001861 lung inflammation any of a group of inflammatory and fibrotic disorders of the lower respiratory tract, primarily affecting the supporting framework of the lung, including the alveolar wall, but may also involve the small airways and blood vessels of the lung parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001863 blood vessel inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001864 vascular inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in a blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001864 vascular inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031170 abnormal vasculature physiology inflammation of any blood and/or lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001866 nasal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the proximal portion of the respiratory passages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001867 rhinitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001866 nasal inflammation inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001868 ovary inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003507 abnormal ovary physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001869 pancreas inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002693 abnormal pancreas physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001870 salivary gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005310 abnormal salivary gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in one or more salivary glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001872 sinus inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation increase in susceptibility of the hollow cavities in bone (usually but not exclusively those in the skull) to allergens and/or pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001873 stomach inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001874 acanthosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009611 epidermis stratum spinosum hyperplasia diffuse hyperplasia of the spinous layer of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001875 testis inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004884 abnormal testis physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001876 decreased inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001845 abnormal inflammatory response less than expected response to injury, infection, or insult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000685 abnormal immune system morphology any structural anomaly of any component of the network of vessels that carries lymph around the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001881 abnormal mammary gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013555 abnormal apocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the compound, alveolar and apocrine milk-secreting gland that lies within the breast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001882 abnormal lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001881 abnormal mammary gland physiology atypical production of milk from the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001883 increased mammary adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010299 increased mammary gland tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of malignant tumors of the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001884 mammary gland alveolar hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009506 abnormal mammary gland alveolus morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mammary gland alveoli, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001885 mammary gland duct hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009503 abnormal mammary gland duct morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mammary gland ducts, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001889 delayed brain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development the delay or slower progress of the growth and differentiation of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001890 anencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development anomaly that occurs when the anterior neuropore of the neural tube fails to close, resulting in the congenital partial or complete absence of the cranial vault accompanied by absence of overlying tissues, including the brain and cerebral hemispheres, skull and scalp; in affected organisms, the forebrain remains in contact with the amniotic fluid and subsequently degenerates, including the cerebrum (areas responsible for cognition); any remaining brain tissue, such as the brain stem, is often exposed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001891 hydrocephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002200 abnormal brain ventricular system morphology excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain, especially the cerebral ventricles, often leading to increased brain size and other brain trauma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001893 non-obstructive hydrocephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001891 hydrocephaly abnormal cerebrospinal fluid absorption where there is no obstruction to fluid flow in the ventricular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001898 abnormal long-term depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002915 abnormal synaptic depression change from the normal, persistent activity-dependent decrease in synaptic efficacy between neurons, often following slow, weak stimulation of neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001899 absent long-term depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001898 abnormal long-term depression lack of the normal, persistent activity-dependent decrease in synaptic efficacy between neurons, often following slow, weak stimulation of CA1 neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001900 impaired synaptic plasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021010 impaired synaptic physiology decrease or inability of a synapse to change its strength as a result of successive activations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001901 absence of NMDA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002888 abnormal NMDA-mediated synaptic currents absence of a measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of NMDA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001902 reduced NMDA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002888 abnormal NMDA-mediated synaptic currents reduction in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of NMDA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001905 abnormal dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011479 abnormal catecholamine level greater or less than the normal amount of this catecholamine neurotransmitter and neurohormone, derived from tyrosine and the precursor to norepinephrine and epinephrine; functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain and as a hormone to inhibit the release of prolactin from the anterior lobe of the pituitary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001906 increased dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001905 abnormal dopamine level greater than the normal amount of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and neurohormone that is derived from tyrosine and is the precursor to norepinephrine and epinephrine; it functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain and as a hormone to inhibit the release of prolactin from the anterior lobe of the pituitary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001908 abnormal somatosensory cortex physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the area of the parietal lobe that lies posterior to the central sulcus and is concerned with receiving and processing general sensations from the body surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001909 reduced NMDA receptor mediated synaptic activity in barrel cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002888 abnormal NMDA-mediated synaptic currents lower than normal levels of excitatory synaptic current in the barrel cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001911 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021024 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid physiology anomaly in the normal output of the fluid that fills the ventricles and other cavities of the brain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001912 increased cerebrospinal fluid production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001911 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid production increase in the normal output of the fluid that fills the ventricles and other cavities of the brain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001913 decreased cerebrospinal fluid production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001911 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid production reduction in the normal output of the fluid that fills the ventricles and other cavities of the brain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001914 hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation loss of blood from the vascular compartment to the exterior or into nonvascular body space as a result of rupture or severance of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001915 intracranial hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology bleeding within the skull, including hemorrhage into the brain and within the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001916 intracerebral hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001915 intracranial hemorrhage bleeding within the cerebrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001917 intraventricular hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001916 intracerebral hemorrhage bleeding into the brain ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005389 reproductive system phenotype any functional anomaly of the organs associated with producing offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001921 reduced fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002161 abnormal fertility/fecundity diminished physiological ability to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001922 reduced male fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003698 abnormal male reproductive system physiology reduced physiological ability of a male organism to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001923 reduced female fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology reduced physiological ability of a female organism to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001924 infertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002161 abnormal fertility/fecundity physiological inability to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001925 male infertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003698 abnormal male reproductive system physiology physiological inability of a male organism to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001926 female infertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology physiological inability of a female organism to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009344 abnormal ovulation cycle failure of progression or aberrant timing of the regular female reproductive cycle of non-primate placental mammals that is under hormonal control and includes a period of heat (mating receptivity), followed by ovulation and complex changes in the reproductive tract, followed by reabsorption of the endometrium if pregnancy does not occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001928 abnormal ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology aberration in the release of an ovum from a rupturing Graafian follicle, normally regulated by a surge in luteinizing hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001929 abnormal gametogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology defective formation or differentiation of germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001929 abnormal gametogenesis anomaly in the process of nuclear division that results in gametes with one half the normal number of the original cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001931 abnormal oogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001929 abnormal gametogenesis atypical formation or failure to form the female germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001932 abnormal spermiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001156 abnormal spermatogenesis anomaly in the process by which a spermatid transforms into a functional spermatozoon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001933 abnormal litter size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002161 abnormal fertility/fecundity deviation from the normal number of live born pups in a litter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001934 increased litter size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010143 enhanced fertility greater numbers of live born pups in a litter compared to average http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001935 decreased litter size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001933 abnormal litter size fewer live born pups in a litter compared to average http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001937 abnormal sexual maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002212 abnormal secondary sex determination a delay or a block in the development of the sexual organs at a given age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001938 delayed sexual maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001937 abnormal sexual maturation immaturity of the sexual organs at a given age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001939 secondary sex reversal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005652 sex reversal secondary sexual phenotype is not consistent with the chromosomal sex, i.e., internal and/or external genitalia are inconsistent with chromosomal sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001940 testis hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001147 small testis decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the testis, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration anomaly in the amount of air that the lungs contain at various points of the respiratory cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology anomaly in the movement of gases into and out of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002163 abnormal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001945 bronchoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002314 abnormal respiratory mechanics reduction in the caliber of the bronchus or bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001947 abnormal mucociliary clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology anomaly in the mechanism that removes mucus and other foreign particles and microorganisms from the lungs by directed ciliary movement and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001948 vesicoureteral reflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001950 abnormal respiratory sounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration any anomaly in the noises heard over any part of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001951 abnormal breathing pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002327 abnormal respiratory function irregular or atypical breathing pattern, or absence of breathing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001952 increased airway responsiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002334 abnormal airway responsiveness more easily provoked into bronchoconstriction in bronchial provocation tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001953 respiratory failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014274 decreased respiration cessation of or failure to commence breathing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001954 respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001951 abnormal breathing pattern physical difficulty or impaired ability to breathe; signs include: shortness of breath, labored breathing, gasping, increased work of breathing, inadequate respiratory effort, and/or irregular breathing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001956 hypopnea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001951 abnormal breathing pattern breathing that is shallower and/or slower than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001957 apnea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001951 abnormal breathing pattern temporary cessation of breathing; sometimes episodic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001958 emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010911 abnormal pulmonary acinus morphology an abnormal condition of the lung characterized by permanent enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis; results in decreased respiratory function including increased air retention and reduced exchange of gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003492 abnormal involuntary movement anomaly in an involuntary response to a peripheral stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001963 abnormal hearing physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology any functional anomaly in the ability to perceive auditory stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001967 deafness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing inability to hear; the ability to detect and/or recognize certain frequencies of sound is completely impaired http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001968 abnormal touch/ nociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002067 abnormal sensory capabilities/reflexes/nociception change in the ability to sense contact with objects or in the ability to sense pain, most often registered by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001970 abnormal pain threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001968 abnormal touch/ nociception increased or decreased average level of perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001973 increased thermal nociceptive threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003043 hypoalgesia a greater than average point at which thermal pain sensation is first detectable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001980 abnormal chemically-elicited antinociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001970 abnormal pain threshold change in the analgesic effect of chemical substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001981 increased chemically-elicited antinociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001980 abnormal chemically-elicited antinociception greater than the normal analgesic effect of chemical substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001982 decreased chemically-elicited antinociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001980 abnormal chemically-elicited antinociception less than the normal analgesic effect of chemical substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001983 abnormal olfactory system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005394 taste/olfaction phenotype any functional anomaly of the system relating to smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001984 abnormal olfaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001983 abnormal olfactory system physiology anomaly in the ability to smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001985 abnormal gustatory system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005394 taste/olfaction phenotype any functional anomaly in the perception of taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001985 abnormal gustatory system physiology changes in the ability to perceive a particular flavor(s) or suggestion of something imparting a flavor by the chemoreceptors of the gustatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001987 alcohol preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002553 preference for addictive substance predilection to ingest alcohol over other substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001988 cocaine preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration predilection to ingest cocaine over other substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001993 abnormal blinking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex anomaly in the normal reflex of closing the eyes frequently and rapidly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001994 increased blinking frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001993 abnormal blinking greater number of occurrences of the normal reflex of closing the eyes frequently and rapidly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001995 decreased blinking frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001993 abnormal blinking reduced number of occurrences of the normal reflex of closing the eyes frequently and rapidly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001999 photosensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology alterations in the response to sunlight or UV irradiation, especially sensitivity of the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002001 blindness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision loss of the sense of sight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002003 miotic pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001320 small pupil decreased diameter of one or both pupils due to abnormal constriction of the muscles of the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002006 neoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of a benign or malignant tissue growth resulting from uncontrolled cell proliferation in a mammalian organism that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002007 increased cellular sensitivity to gamma-irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004227 increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation increased incidence of cell death following exposure to gamma-irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002009 preneoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002166 abnormal tumor susceptibility state preceding the pathological process resulting in a neoplasm; does not necessarily imply cancerous development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002012 increased trichofolliculoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009469 increased skin hamartoma incidence greater than the expected number of dome-shaped hamartoma tumors which contain multiple abortive and/or misaligned hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002013 increased pilomatricoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms that arise from hair matrix cells occurring in a specific population in a given time period; pilomatricoma is an encapsulated tumor containing irregularly shaped, lobules of cells separated by fibrovascular connective tissue stroma; two distinct cell populations comprise this tumor, basaloid cells with scant cytoplasm located towards the periphery and the ghost (or shadow) cells occupying the central portion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002014 increased papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign tumors consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic epithelial cells occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002015 epithelioid cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in an epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002016 ovary cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled membranous sacs within the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002018 increased malignant tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of locally invasive, destructive and metastatic tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002019 abnormal tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002166 abnormal tumor susceptibility deviation from the expected number of abnormal growths in a specific population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002020 increased tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002019 abnormal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in a specific population in a given time period, usually of a specific type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002021 increased incidence of induced tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013151 abnormal incidence of induced tumors higher than normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by a carcinogen, mutagen or virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002023 increased B cell derived lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012431 increased lymphoma incidence higher than normal incidence of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002024 increased T cell derived lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012431 increased lymphoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002026 increased leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010296 increased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a cancer characterized by progressive proliferation of abnormal leukocytes in hematopoietic tissues, organs and blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002027 increased lung adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009308 increased adenocarcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the lung, usually with a glandular organization, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002030 increased neurofibrosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010363 increased fibrosarcoma incidence greater than the expected number of a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the fibrous connective tissue surrounding peripheral nerves, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002031 increased adrenal gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the adrenal gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002032 increased sarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002018 increased malignant tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a connective tissue neoplasm associated with the proliferation of embryonically-derived mesodermal cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002033 increased malignant triton tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002018 increased malignant tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant tumor with neurogenic and myogenic differentiation, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; usually arises in tissues of neural crest origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002035 increased leiomyosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010290 increased muscle tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant tumor derived from smooth (nonstriated) muscle, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002036 increased rhabdomyosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010290 increased muscle tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant tumor derived from skeletal (striated) muscle, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002037 increased fibrohistocytoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence greater than the expected number of slowly growing skin nodules derived from cellular fibrous tissue occurring in a specific population in a given time period; these often surround capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002038 increased carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002018 increased malignant tumor incidence greater than the expected number of any of a variety of malignant neoplasms arising from epithelial cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; carcinomas are usually glandular or squamous in origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002039 increased neuroblastoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm characterized by immature nerve cells of embryonic type, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002041 increased pituitary adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of benign neoplasms of the pituitary, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002043 increased colon hamartoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012436 increased colon tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign focal malformations in the colon in a specific population in a given time period; results from faulty colonic development, and is composed of an abnormal mixture of tissue elements, or an abnormal proportion of a single element normally present at that site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002044 increased colon adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012436 increased colon tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the colon, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002045 increased renal cystadenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013751 increased cystadenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization and a cyst-like appearance arising in the kidney, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002047 increased hepatic hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008019 increased liver tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells in the liver, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002048 increased lung adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020190 abnormal lung adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the lung, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002049 increased extremity angiosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003667 increased hemangiosarcoma incidence higher than normal incidence of malignant neoplasm of soft tissues; thought to arise from endothelial cells of blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002050 increased pheochromocytoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002031 increased adrenal gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign neoplasm derived from adrenal medullary cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; usually associated with hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002051 increased skin papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a circumscribed, benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002052 decreased tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002019 abnormal tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002053 decreased incidence of induced tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013151 abnormal incidence of induced tumors reduced frequency of tumor incidence induced by a carcinogen, mutagen or virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002058 neonatal lethality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002081 perinatal lethality death within the neonatal period after birth (Mus: P0) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013330 abnormal male accessory sex gland morphology any structural anomaly of either of the paired sac-like glandular structures situated posterolateral to the urinary bladder in the male and functioning as part of the reproductive system; each sac is pyramidal in shape and convoluted in appearance and at the anterior extremity becomes constricted into a narrow straight duct that joins the ipsilateral vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct; seminal vesicles secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010771 integument phenotype any structural anomaly of the membranous protective covering of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002061 abnormal aggression-related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002572 abnormal emotion/affect behavior domineering, assaultive or forceful physical action http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to change the frequency or form of a behavior as a result of the influence of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014114 abnormal cognition altered ability to receive, store, process or recall informational stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002064 seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior sudden and often acute manifestation of epileptic attack, sometimes convulsive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002065 abnormal fear/anxiety-related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002572 abnormal emotion/affect behavior altered response in tests for fear or anxiety related behaviors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior altered ability to coordinate voluntary movement or repetitive, compulsive movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002067 abnormal sensory capabilities/reflexes/nociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior inability or altered ability to respond to a sensory stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002068 abnormal parental behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002557 abnormal social/conspecific interaction behavior altered behavior of animals that affects the ability of offspring to survive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002069 abnormal consumption behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior altered ability or inability to eat or drink, or unusual choice or avoidance of foods or drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance any anomaly in the amount of hair or abnormal onset of hair growth cycle or development, or abnormal hair pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002074 abnormal hair texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance irregular or unusual appearance of the structure of the hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance irregular or unusual pigmentation of the hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of glucose in the fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002079 increased circulating insulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001560 abnormal circulating insulin level greater than normal levels of insulin in blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002080 prenatal lethality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010770 preweaning lethality death anytime between fertilization and birth (Mus: approximately E18.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002081 perinatal lethality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010832 lethality during fetal growth through weaning death anytime within the perinatal period (Mus: E18.5 through postnatal day 1) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002082 postnatal lethality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010832 lethality during fetal growth through weaning premature death anytime between the neonatal period and weaning age (Mus: P1 to approximately 3 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002083 premature death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival death after weaning age, but before the normal life span (Mus: after 3 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001672 abnormal embryo development abnormal systematic arrangement of the developing body along an axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014134 abnormal embryo morphology any structural anomaly of the embryonic tissue part of the whole embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype any structural anomaly of the membranes involved with embryonic protection and nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002088 abnormal embryonic growth/weight/body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004196 abnormal prenatal growth/weight/body size limited or accelerated growth or development apparent during the embryonic period (sensu Mus: up to E14, or the completion of organogenesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002089 abnormal postnatal growth/weight/body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype increased or decreased average body size, weight or growth characteristic abnormalities manifesting after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology any anomaly in the ability to see http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005391 vision/eye phenotype any structural anomaly of the spheroid organ and optic nerve that serves to detect light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011239 abnormal skin coloration anomaly in the coloration of the skin due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology any structural anomaly of the stiff hairs projecting from the face around the nose of most mammals which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030254 abnormal dental arch morphology any anomaly in the size, shape or structure of the hard or soft tissues of the skeletal element within the mouth that is composed of dentine and used to procure or masticate food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002102 abnormal ear morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005377 hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype any structural anomaly of any of the structures involved in the ear or vestibular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005369 muscle phenotype any functional anomaly of the muscle, not due to an anatomical defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005369 muscle phenotype any structural anomaly of the contractile tissue that produces movement in animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005371 limbs/digits/tail phenotype any structural anomaly of the projecting paired appendages of an animal trunk, used in particular for movement and grasping; usually denotes the arm and/or legs in mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology any structural anomaly of the fingers or toes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005371 limbs/digits/tail phenotype any structural anomaly of the flexible elongated appendage located at the caudal end of the torso in many species; it is usually continuous with the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any anomaly in the formation of bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002114 abnormal axial skeleton morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the articulated bones of the cranium and vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002115 abnormal limb bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009250 abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the limb or autopod bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002116 abnormal craniofacial bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002114 abnormal axial skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the cranial or facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of lipids in the fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002119 dipsosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001423 abnormal liquid preference excessive desire to drink, or to drink unusual fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002123 abnormal definitive hematopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013693 abnormal hemopoiesis abnormal development of blood cells in the fetal and adult organism; in the fetus cells develop in the aorta, genital ridge and mesonephros region and later in the liver; in adults cells normally develop in the bone marrow and lymphatic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005385 cardiovascular system phenotype any structural anomaly of the heart or vascular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology failure or atypical movement in the flow of blood from the heart to the vasculature and back to the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005388 respiratory system phenotype any structural anomaly of pulmonary tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005388 respiratory system phenotype any functional anomaly of the pulmonary system; inability or reduced ability to intake and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005502 abnormal renal/urinary system physiology any functional anomaly and/or activity of either of the two excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002138 abnormal hepatobiliary system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005370 liver/biliary system phenotype any structural anomaly of any of the tissues of the liver or biliary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002139 abnormal hepatobiliary system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005370 liver/biliary system phenotype any functional anomaly of the tissues of the liver or biliary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002144 abnormal B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004939 abnormal B cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce mature B cells, and/or accumulation of B cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002145 abnormal T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce mature T cells, and/or accumulation of T cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002148 abnormal hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology immune response that results in tissue injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development any structural anomaly of the hollow epithelial tube found on the dorsal side of the vertebrate embryo that develops into the central nervous system (i.e. brain and spinal cord) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the brain, one of the two components of the central nervous system and the center of thought and emotion; controls coordination, bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005389 reproductive system phenotype structural or developmental anomaly of any of the tissues involved in the reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002161 abnormal fertility/fecundity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology anomaly in the reproductive capability of an organism or population to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002163 abnormal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005379 endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype any structural anomaly of an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002164 abnormal gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005379 endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype any functional anomaly of an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002166 abnormal tumor susceptibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002006 neoplasm greater than or less than the average number of tumors, usually a specific type, arising in a given organism when compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002169 no abnormal phenotype detected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002873 normal phenotype normal viability, fertility, appearance and behavior; reported phenotype is indistinguishable from controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002174 abnormal gastrulation movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001695 abnormal gastrulation failure of embryonic cells to migrate, or migrate to the appropriate target during the development and invagination of the primary germ layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002175 decreased brain weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012775 abnormal brain weight lower than average weight of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002176 increased brain weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012775 abnormal brain weight greater than average weight of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002102 abnormal ear morphology any structural anomaly of any components of the auricles or external acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002182 abnormal astrocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000952 abnormal CNS glial cell morphology any structural anomaly of the large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord; astrocytes are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier; astrocytes regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002183 gliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003634 abnormal glial cell morphology increased growth pattern of neuroglia in a damaged area of the brain or spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology the malformation, misprojection, abnormal fasciculation or abnormal refinement of the connection, of nerve fibers to a target http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002187 abnormal fibula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the lateral and smaller bone of the lower limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002188 small heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005406 abnormal heart size reduced size of the heart relative to average http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002189 abnormal myocardial trabeculae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology any structural anomaly of the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002190 disorganized myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology derangement of the patterned architecture of the myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002192 hydrops fetalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in fetal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002193 minimal clonic seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001650 abnormal seizure response to electrical stimulation seizures involving rhythmic face and forelimb clonus including arm movement, and it may include rearing and falling and ventral flexion of the neck; a seizure is scored as minimal when it satisfies the minimal criteria up to or including ventral flexion, but does not include maximal tonic hindlimb extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002194 maximal tonic hindlimb extension seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001650 abnormal seizure response to electrical stimulation seizures induced by electrical stimulation of the brainstem; manifesting as a tonic-clonic flexion/extension sequence, starting in tonic extension of the forelimbs and terminating in a full tonic hindlimb extension, which is defined when the angle of the hindlimbs to the torso exceeds 90 degrees (although it is usually 180 degrees) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002195 psychomotor seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001650 abnormal seizure response to electrical stimulation low frequency, tetanic stimulation used to evoke partial limbic seizures, with currents ranging from 8 mA to 20 mA, depending on the strain and gender; manifesting as rhythmic face movements and extensive forelimb clonus (e.g. shadow-boxing forelimb movements), dorsal flexion of the neck, rearing and falling, and/or transient wobbliness/ataxia; seizure lasts only 10-15 seconds and when antiepileptic drugs are present may last only a few seconds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002196 absent corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000780 abnormal corpus callosum morphology absence of the commissural plate interconnecting the cortical hemispheres of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002199 abnormal brain commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008026 abnormal brain white matter morphology any structural anomaly of any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002200 abnormal brain ventricular system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any structural anomaly of the brain ventricles, their associated choroid plexuses or the intercommunicating channels that connect the ventricular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002204 abnormal synaptic neurotransmitter level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission anomaly in the amount of endogenous signaling molecules in a synaptic cleft; neurotransmitters are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission defect in the communication from a neuron to a target across a synapse in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002207 abnormal long-term potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission alterations in a persistent robust synaptic response induced by synchronous stimulation of pre- and postsynaptic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002208 abnormal germ cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001929 abnormal gametogenesis any structural anomaly of the germ cell, that is, any of the reproductive (generative) cells of a multicellular organism, whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002209 decreased germ cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002208 abnormal germ cell morphology reduced numbers of any of the reproductive (generative) cells of a multicellular organism, whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002210 abnormal sex determination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology anomaly of primary or secondary sexual development or characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002211 abnormal primary sex determination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002210 abnormal sex determination aberrant gonadal development resulting in either abnormal or absent gonads or the development of gonads inconsistent with the chromosomal sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002212 abnormal secondary sex determination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002210 abnormal sex determination gonadal development may or may not be normal, and the phenotype of the animal outside the gonad does not match chromosomal sex or is ambiguous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002213 true hermaphroditism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002211 abnormal primary sex determination the presence of both unequivocal ovarian tissue and testicular elements in the same individual regardless of karyotype; these two tissue types may be present in the same gonad (ovotestis) or may be present as separate ovaries and testis tissue elements in the same individual regardless of sex chromosome complement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002214 streak gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development impairment of genital ridge development; aplasia of gonadal tissue which is sometimes replaced with functionless tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002216 abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology any structural anomaly of the tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002217 small lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000701 abnormal lymph node size lymph nodes of decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002218 increased lymph node number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000700 abnormal lymph node number greater than the normal number of lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002219 decreased lymph node number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000700 abnormal lymph node number fewer than the normal number of lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002220 large lymphoid organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002221 abnormal lymph organ size increased size of lymphatic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002221 abnormal lymph organ size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002722 abnormal immune system organ morphology change in the normal size of lymphatic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002223 lymphoid hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000687 small lymphoid organs decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lymphoid tissue, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002224 abnormal spleen size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002221 abnormal lymph organ size deviation from the normal spleen size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002227 abnormal spleen capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue that surrounds the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002228 abnormal spleen trabecular vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology any structural anomaly of one of the veins that feed the splenic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002229 neurodegeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of neural tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002230 abnormal primitive streak formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology anomaly in the establishment of the midline ridge of embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology anomaly in the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the organ that is specialized for smell and is part of the respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002234 abnormal pharynx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly in the passage between the mouth and the posterior nares and the larynx and esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002235 abnormal external nares morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior opening to the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002236 abnormal internal nares morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the opening of the nasal cavity into the nasal pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002237 abnormal nasal cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the cavity of the respiratory tract that extends from the nares to the pharynx; the nasal cavity is lined with ciliated mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002238 abnormal nasal mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002277 abnormal respiratory mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002239 abnormal nasal septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the dividing wall that runs down the midline of the nose separating the two nasal cavities, each of which ends in a nostril; it is formed by the septal nasal cartilage, parts of skull bones (ethmoid bone; vomer), and membranous parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002240 abnormal paranasal sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002241 abnormal laryngeal mucosa goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002261 abnormal laryngeal mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial cells lining the larynx, which produce mucins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002242 abnormal olfactory mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005499 abnormal olfactory system morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the nasal mucosa that contains the olfactory sensory endings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002243 abnormal vomeronasal organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002239 abnormal nasal septum morphology any structural anomaly of the tubular, crescent-sensory organ with a luminal epithelium that contains chemosensitive receptor cells with microvilli that are thought to detect pheromones and transmit signals to the remainder of the accessory olfactory system; the organ lies at the base the nasal cavity and is split into two, separated by the nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002244 abnormal turbinate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the small curved bones that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002245 abnormal ethmoid sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002240 abnormal paranasal sinus morphology any structural anomaly of the evaginations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity into the ethmoidal bony labyrinth, forming multiple small paranasal sinuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002246 abnormal frontal sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002240 abnormal paranasal sinus morphology any structural anomaly of the paired evaginations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity into the lower part of the squama of the frontal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002247 abnormal maxillary sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002240 abnormal paranasal sinus morphology any structural anomaly of the largest of the paranasal sinuses, a paired pyramid-shaped air sinus located within the maxillary bone which drains via the maxillary ostium into the infundibulum, then through the hiatus semilunaris into the middle meatus of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002248 abnormal sphenoid sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002240 abnormal paranasal sinus morphology any structural anomaly of the most posterior paranasal sinus located in the sphenoid bone near the optic nerve and the pituitary gland on the side of the skull; it drains into the sphenoethmoidal recess superior to the superior concha; the sinus is divided into right and left parts by a bony septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002249 abnormal larynx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly of the organ of voice production located between the pharynx and the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002250 abnormal hypopharynx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002234 abnormal pharynx morphology any structural anomaly in the portion of the pharynx that lies below the upper edge of the epiglottis and opens into the larynx and the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002251 abnormal nasopharynx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002234 abnormal pharynx morphology any structural anomaly of the section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002252 abnormal oropharynx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002234 abnormal pharynx morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the upper edge of the epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002253 abnormal pharyngeal muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002234 abnormal pharynx morphology any structural anomaly of any of the muscles of the pharynx, the inferior, middle and superior constrictors, salpingopharyngeus, and stylopharyngeus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002254 reproductive system inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in any of the reproductive organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002255 abnormal glottis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002249 abnormal larynx morphology any structural anomaly of the vocal apparatus of the larynx, which includes the vocal cords and the opening between them http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002256 abnormal laryngeal cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology any structural anomaly of the cartilaginous structures that support the larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002257 abnormal arytenoid cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002256 abnormal laryngeal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the paired triangular cartilages located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002258 abnormal cricoid cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002256 abnormal laryngeal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the most inferior of the laryngeal cartilages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002260 abnormal thyroid cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002256 abnormal laryngeal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the largest of the laryngeal cartilages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002261 abnormal laryngeal mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002277 abnormal respiratory mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous lining of the larynx, which is composed of squamous epithelium in the upper larynx and ciliated columnar epithelium in the lower larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002262 abnormal nasal mucosa goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002238 abnormal nasal mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the cells lining the nasal epithelium that produce and secrete mucins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002263 abnormal laryngeal muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030427 abnormal neck muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscles associated with the larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002264 abnormal bronchus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004391 abnormal respiratory conducting tube morphology any structural anomaly of the upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002265 abnormal left major bronchus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002264 abnormal bronchus morphology any structural anomaly of the conducting airway leading to the left lobe of the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002266 abnormal right major bronchus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002264 abnormal bronchus morphology any structural anomaly of the conducting airway leading to the right lobe of the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002267 abnormal bronchiole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004391 abnormal respiratory conducting tube morphology any structural anomaly of the conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002268 abnormal terminal bronchiole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002267 abnormal bronchiole morphology any structural anomaly of the last conducting structure of non-respiratory bronchioles; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002269 muscular atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology acquired diminution of muscle tissue associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes; occurs with age, immobilization, weightlessness, malnutrition or denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002270 abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010911 abnormal pulmonary acinus morphology any structural anomaly of the small sac-like dilations of the distal airspace of the lung; they are present along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles; gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveolar air and blood in the pulmonary capillaries takes place across the cell walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002271 abnormal pulmonary alveolar duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010911 abnormal pulmonary acinus morphology any structural anomaly of the respiratory conducting tubes distal to the respiratory bronchiole that lead to the alveolar sacs and the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the nervous system as it relates to conduction of electrical impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002273 abnormal pulmonary alveolus epithelial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010901 abnormal pulmonary alveolar parenchyma morphology any structural anomaly of the cells lining the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002274 abnormal type I pneumocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002273 abnormal pulmonary alveolus epithelial cell morphology any structural anomaly of the flattened, branched squamous cells that covers more than 98 percent of the alveolar surface, and have thin (50-100 nm) cytoplasmic extensions to form the air-blood barrier essential for normal gas exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002275 abnormal type II pneumocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002273 abnormal pulmonary alveolus epithelial cell morphology any structural anomaly of the granular and roughly cuboidal cells typically found at the alveolar-septal junction that modulate the fluid surrounding the alveolar epithelium by secreting and recycling surfactants, and also contribute to tissue repair and can differentiate after injury into a type I pneumocyte; type II cells cover a much smaller surface area than type I cells (less than 5 percent), but are much more numerous and contain lamellar bodies on the apical surface where surfactant is stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002276 abnormal lung interstitium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin; it functions in the mechanical behavior of the lung, and forms a barrier to regulate the flow of plasma constituents from the capillaries to the airway and alveolar spaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002277 abnormal respiratory mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010942 abnormal respiratory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002279 abnormal diaphragm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003358 abnormal hypaxial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the thin musculomebranous barrier that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities; these muscles often used for breathing control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002280 abnormal intercostal muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003358 abnormal hypaxial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the respiratory muscles that arise from the lower border of one rib and insert into the upper border of the adjoining rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002281 abnormal respiratory mucosa goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002277 abnormal respiratory mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the cells of the respiratory epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002284 abnormal tracheal smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth muscle lining the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002285 abnormal tracheal ciliated epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010942 abnormal respiratory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial lining of the trachea which contains numerous ciliated cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002286 cryptorchism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology failure of one or both of the testes to descend into the scrotum around the time of birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002292 abnormal gestational length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology anomaly in the usual duration of time between when a fertilized egg implants in the wall of the uterus and the birth of offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002293 long gestation period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002292 abnormal gestational length increase in the average duration of a pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002294 short gestation period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002292 abnormal gestational length decrease in the average duration of a pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002295 abnormal pulmonary circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology any anomaly in the circulation of blood through the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002296 aspiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002314 abnormal respiratory mechanics inspiration into the airways of fluid or any foreign material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002297 abnormal forced expiratory flow rates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002327 abnormal respiratory function anomaly in the rates of airflow during forced vital capacity determination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002304 abnormal total lung capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002314 abnormal respiratory mechanics anomaly in the volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002306 abnormal functional residual capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume anomaly in the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002308 abnormal residual volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume anomaly in the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002309 abnormal vital capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume anomaly in the amount of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002310 decreased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology less likely than normal to develop hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002311 abnormal inspiratory capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume anomaly in the maximal volume of air that can be inspired after the end of a normal expiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002312 abnormal inspiratory reserve volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume anomaly in the extra volume of air that can be inspired with maximal effort after reaching the end of a normal inspiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002313 abnormal tidal volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume anomaly in the volume of air inspired or expired during each normal respiratory cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002314 abnormal respiratory mechanics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration anomaly in the action of the lungs, diaphragm, ribs and chest wall during respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002316 anoxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001574 abnormal oxygen level absence or almost complete absence of oxygen from inspired gases, in blood or tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002318 hypercapnia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003860 abnormal carbon dioxide level elevated concentration of CO2 in the blood, alveoli or other tissues resulting in the increased pressure of this component of body gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002319 hyperoxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001574 abnormal oxygen level elevated concentration of O2 in the blood, alveoli or other tissues resulting in the increased pressure of this component of body gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002320 hyperventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005575 increased pulmonary ventilation a state in which there is a increased amount of air entering the pulmonary alveoli (increased alveolar ventilation), which causes an decrease in arterial carbon dioxide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002321 hypoventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005576 decreased pulmonary ventilation a state in which there is a reduced amount of air entering the pulmonary alveoli (decreased alveolar ventilation), which causes an increase in arterial carbon dioxide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002322 abnormal respiratory transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration anomaly in the process of gas exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002323 decreased susceptibility to hyperlipidemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis less likely than normal to develop abnormally high levels of circulating lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002324 abnormal alveolocapillary membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010900 abnormal pulmonary interalveolar septum morphology any structural anomaly of the membrane between the capillary blood and alveolar air, comprised of the alveolar epithelium and the capillary epithelium and their adherent basement membranes and epithelial cell cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002325 abnormal pulmonary diffusing capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002336 abnormal pulmonary gas exchange anomaly in the amount of gas taken up by pulmonary capillary blood per minute per unit of average oxygen pressure gradient between alveolar gas and pulmonary capillary blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002326 abnormal ventilation-perfusion ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002338 abnormal pulmonary ventilation anomaly in the ratio of alveolar ventilation to simultaneous capillary blood flow in the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002327 abnormal respiratory function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration anomaly in any measure of the processes involved in respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002328 abnormal airway resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002327 abnormal respiratory function anomaly in the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction, measured as the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002329 abnormal blood gas level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis anomaly in the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002330 abnormal bronchial provocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002327 abnormal respiratory function anomaly in the results of measures of responsiveness to allergens, pharmacological solutions, or control solutions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002332 abnormal exercise endurance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism improved or impaired performance during controlled physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002333 abnormal lung compliance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002314 abnormal respiratory mechanics anomaly in the ability of the lung to distend in response to pressure without disruption, usually expressed as the unit volume of change in the lung per unit of pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002334 abnormal airway responsiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002330 abnormal bronchial provocation anomalous response in bronchial provocation tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002335 decreased airway responsiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002334 abnormal airway responsiveness less easily provoked into bronchoconstriction during bronchial provocation testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002336 abnormal pulmonary gas exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002322 abnormal respiratory transport anomaly in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002337 abnormal whole-body plethysmography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001942 abnormal lung volume anomaly in the measurements gathered in a chamber that encloses the body and in which changes in volume are recorded http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002338 abnormal pulmonary ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002314 abnormal respiratory mechanics anomaly of the respiratory minute volume, or the total volume of gas per minute inspired or expired expressed in liters per minute; refers to the exchange of air between the total respiratory space and the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002722 abnormal immune system organ morphology any structural anomaly of the oval or bean shaped bodies located along the lymphatic system that consist of densely packed lymphocytes, lymph fluid and connective tissue, and is the site where acquired immune responses are launched http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002340 abnormal axillary lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002342 abnormal lymph node trabecula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the membranous processes on the internal surface of the lymph node capsule, consisting of connective tissue and muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002343 abnormal lymph node cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly in the outer area of the lymph node that has B and T cell domains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002344 abnormal lymph node B cell domain morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002343 abnormal lymph node cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the lymph node cortex in which B lymphocytes home to primary follicles to survey follicular dendritic cells (FDCs); antigen stimulated B cells proliferate and differentiate within the follicles forming distinctive germinal centers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002345 abnormal lymph node primary follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002344 abnormal lymph node B cell domain morphology any structural anomaly of an unstimulated network of follicular dendritic cells and small resting B cells in the lymph node cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002346 abnormal lymph node secondary follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002344 abnormal lymph node B cell domain morphology any structural anomaly of a lymph node primary follicle that has undergone antigenic challenge and is characterized by a ring of concentrically packed B lymphocytes surrounding a germinal center, which contains proliferating B cells, and a mantle area that contains nondividing B cells and some helper T cells with macrophages and follicular dendritic cells interspersed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002347 abnormal lymph node T cell domain morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002343 abnormal lymph node cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the paracortex and interfollicular cortex of the lymph node in which T lymphocytes home to survey dendritic cells; T lymphocytes proliferate in the paracortex and enlarge it but do not produce structures analogous to germinal centers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002348 abnormal lymph node medulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly in the area of the lymph node through which lymph leaves the node; it contains macrophages and antibody-secreting plasma cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002349 abnormal afferent lymphatic vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly in the lymphatic tubes entering the lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002350 abnormal efferent lymphatic vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly in the lymphatic tube exiting the lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002351 abnormal cervical lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes found near the neck and shoulders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002352 abnormal popliteal lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes which drain the legs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002353 abnormal inguinal lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes located in the groin area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002354 abnormal spleen trabecular artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of one of the branches of the splenic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002356 abnormal spleen red pulp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology any structural anomaly of the parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology any structural anomaly of the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002358 abnormal spleen periarteriolar lymphoid sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the spleen in which T cells surround the central arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002359 abnormal spleen germinal center morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008472 abnormal spleen secondary B follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the spleen secondary B follicle where rapid B-cell proliferation, somatic hypermutation, and selection for antigen binding occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002360 abnormal spleen B cell corona morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008472 abnormal spleen secondary B follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the spleen secondary B follicle that surrounds the germinal center and harbors the small recirculating B lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002361 abnormal spleen central arteriole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessel surrounded by the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath that connects the trabecular artery to the trabecular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002362 abnormal spleen marginal zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002363 abnormal spleen marginal sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the border region surrounding the spleen B cell follicles and the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS) that separates it from the marginal zone that mediates lymphocyte entry into the white pulp from the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002364 abnormal thymus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002221 abnormal lymph organ size deviation from the normal size of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002367 abnormal thymus lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology any structural anomaly of the basic structural unit of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002368 abnormal thymus capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous connective tissue surrounding the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002369 abnormal thymus subcapsular epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009544 abnormal thymus epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial cells lining the capsule and trabeculae of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002370 abnormal thymus trabecula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology any structural anomaly of the thymic connective tissue which extends into the parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002371 abnormal thymus cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002367 abnormal thymus lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002375 abnormal thymus medulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002367 abnormal thymus lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the inner area of thymus lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002376 abnormal dendritic cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002452 abnormal professional antigen presenting cell physiology any functional anomaly of the immunocompetent cells of the lymphoid and hemopoietic systems and skin, which function to process antigens and present them to T cells, thus stimulating cellular immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002377 abnormal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002722 abnormal immune system organ morphology any structural anomaly of the regional immune system associated with the mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002378 abnormal gut-associated lymphoid tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002722 abnormal immune system organ morphology any structural anomaly of the regional immune system located in the gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002379 abnormal oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002377 abnormal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002380 abnormal palatine tonsil morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002379 abnormal oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002384 abnormal nasopharyngeal tonsil morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002379 abnormal oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph tissue in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002385 abnormal lingual tonsillar tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002379 abnormal oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph tissue on the floor of the oropharyngeal passage, near the root of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002386 abnormal tubal tonsil morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002379 abnormal oropharyngeal lymphoid tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph tissue associated with the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002388 abnormal Peyer's patch epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000696 abnormal Peyer's patch morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002389 abnormal Peyer's patch follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000696 abnormal Peyer's patch morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the Peyer's patch normally occupied by B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002391 abnormal Peyer's patch germinal center morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002389 abnormal Peyer's patch follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002392 abnormal Peyer's patch T cell area morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002389 abnormal Peyer's patch follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the Peyer's patch area normally occupied by T lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002393 abnormal bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002722 abnormal immune system organ morphology any structural anomaly of the regional immune system located near the bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002396 abnormal hematopoietic system morphology/development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005397 hematopoietic system phenotype any structural or developmental anomaly of the blood cells or the organs associated with the development and formation of blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002397 abnormal bone marrow morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of the soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002398 abnormal bone marrow cell morphology/development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002396 abnormal hematopoietic system morphology/development any structural anomaly of the cells found in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002399 abnormal pluripotent precursor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the cells that give rise to most types of cells necessary for fetal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002400 abnormal multipotent stem cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002399 abnormal pluripotent precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized cells that are committed to giving rise to cells with particular functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002401 abnormal lymphopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005460 abnormal leukopoiesis atypical formation of lymphocytes and plasma cells from lymphoid stem cells which develop from the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow; lymphoid stem cells differentiate into T-lymphocytes; B-lymphocytes; plasma cells; or NK-cells (natural killer cells), depending on the organ or tissues to which they migrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002403 abnormal pre-B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004939 abnormal B cell morphology any structural anomaly of the cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain and are in the process of V-J rearrangement of the light chain: these cells express mu heavy chain on the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002404 increased intestinal adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the small and/or large intestine, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002406 increased susceptibility to infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection greater likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a pathogenic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002407 abnormal double-negative T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002145 abnormal T cell differentiation any structural anomaly of the subset of T cells found in the thymus that express neither CD4 nor CD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002408 abnormal double-positive T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012762 abnormal alpha-beta T cell morphology any anomaly of the subset of T cells found in the thymus that express both CD4 and CD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002409 decreased susceptibility to infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection reduced likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a pathogenic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002410 decreased susceptibility to viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection reduced likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a viral infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002411 decreased susceptibility to bacterial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020186 abnormal susceptibility to bacterial infection reduced likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a bacterial infection or from components of or toxins produced by bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002412 increased susceptibility to bacterial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020186 abnormal susceptibility to bacterial infection greater likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a bacterial infection or from components of or toxins produced by bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002413 abnormal megakaryocyte progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of the progenitor cells of the thrombocytic (platelet) line of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002414 abnormal myeloblast morphology/development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002398 abnormal bone marrow cell morphology/development any structural anomaly of the cells found in the bone marrow that give rise to the granulocyte line of blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002415 abnormal neutrophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008111 abnormal granulocyte differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the granular leukocytes that have a three- to five-lobed nucleus and a cytoplasm that contains inconspicuous granules stainable by neutral dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002416 abnormal proerythroblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013659 abnormal erythroid lineage cell morphology any structural anomaly of the immature, nucleated erythrocyte precursors that give rise to reticulocytes and are derived from erythroid progenitor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002417 abnormal megakaryocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013660 abnormal bone marrow hematopoietic cell morphology any structural anomaly of the giant 50 to 100 micron diameter cells with greatly lobulated nuclei found in the bone marrow; mature blood platelets are released from their cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002418 increased susceptibility to viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection greater likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a viral infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002419 abnormal innate immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology anomaly in the function of the early phase of the response to infection; normally, it is present at all times, does not increase with exposure to specific pathogens, and does not discriminate between pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002420 abnormal adaptive immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology anomaly in the function of the response of antigen-specific lymphocytes to antigen, including the development of immunological memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002421 abnormal cell-mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology abnormal function of any adaptive immune response in which T cells play a main role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002422 abnormal basophil morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002441 abnormal granulocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size; these cells contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002423 abnormal mast cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002462 abnormal granulocyte physiology any functional anomaly of the granulated cells found in most tissues and which contain large amounts of histamine and heparin in granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002424 abnormal reticulocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013659 abnormal erythroid lineage cell morphology any structural anomaly of immature erythrocytes characterized by a meshlike pattern of threads and particles at the former site of the nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002425 abnormal susceptibility to autoimmune disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001844 autoimmune response a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop disease characterized by production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002427 disproportionate dwarf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001265 decreased body size abnormally undersized with disproportionate body parts; usually with more significant shortening of the limbs in proportion to the trunk size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002428 abnormal semicircular canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002729 abnormal inner ear canal morphology any structural anomaly of the organ of balance composed of three long bony tubes of the labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002429 abnormal blood cell morphology/development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002396 abnormal hematopoietic system morphology/development any structural anomaly of any of the cells found in the blood or hematopoietic organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002432 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012762 abnormal alpha-beta T cell morphology any structural anomaly of the subset of T lymphocytes that carry the CD4 marker, recognize intravesicular peptides bound to MHC class-II molecules, and turn on antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002433 abnormal T-helper 1 cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010183 abnormal CD4-positive helper T cell morphology any structural anomaly of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production favors cellular immune responses and delayed type hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002434 abnormal T-helper 2 cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010183 abnormal CD4-positive helper T cell morphology any structural anomaly of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production promotes defense against extracellular parasites and humoral immune responses typical of allergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002435 abnormal effector T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a differentiated T cell with ability to traffic to peripheral tissues and is capable of mounting a specific immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002436 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005010 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha beta T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell capable of killing target cells in an antigen specific manner http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002439 abnormal plasma cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004939 abnormal B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cell of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002440 abnormal memory B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a distinctly differentiated long-lived B cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant; memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002441 abnormal granulocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013657 abnormal blood cell morphology any structural anomaly of leukocytes that have abundant granules in the cytoplasm, including basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002442 abnormal leukocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012382 abnormal blood cell physiology any functional anomaly of any of the white blood cells (basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, or monocytes) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002443 abnormal eosinophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008111 abnormal granulocyte differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin and is involved in clearance of parasitic infections and in allergic reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003945 abnormal lymphocyte physiology any functional anomaly of lymphocytes that are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and immune system regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002445 abnormal mononuclear cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005460 abnormal leukopoiesis atypical production of or inability to produce a leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008248 abnormal mononuclear phagocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the large mononuclear phagocytes which differentiate from monocytes, are typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013659 abnormal erythroid lineage cell morphology any structural anomaly of a mature red blood cell, an ennucleate biconcave disk about 7 micrometers in diameter that contains hemoglobin confined within a lipid membrane; it is the major cellular element of the circulating blood and transports oxygen as its principal function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002450 abnormal lymph organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020981 abnormal immune system development anomaly in the process of morphological maturation of the organs of the lymph system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002451 abnormal macrophage physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002452 abnormal professional antigen presenting cell physiology any functional anomaly of the large mononuclear phagocytes which differentiate from monocytes, are typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002452 abnormal professional antigen presenting cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002421 abnormal cell-mediated immunity any functional anomaly of a cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002453 abnormal B lymphocyte antigen presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology anomaly in the ability of B lymphocyte to process and/or present antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002454 abnormal macrophage antigen presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002451 abnormal macrophage physiology anomaly in the ability of macrophage phagocytic cells to process and present antigen to T lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002455 abnormal dendritic cell antigen presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002376 abnormal dendritic cell physiology anomaly in the ability of dendritic cells to process and present antigen to T lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002456 abnormal Langerhans cell antigen presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005362 abnormal Langerhans cell physiology anomaly in the ability of phagocytic cells of the epidermis to display antigen for recognition by T lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002458 abnormal B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004939 abnormal B cell morphology deviation from the normal count of cells that are formed in the bone marrow, migrate to the peripheral lymphatic system, and mature into plasma cells or memory cells; these cells are involved in humoral immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003945 abnormal lymphocyte physiology any functional anomaly of lymphocytes that expresses membrane-bound antibody, and differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells and memory cells upon interaction with antigen; B cells are the primary lymphocyte responsible for humoral immunity, and are most effective against extracellular pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002460 decreased immunoglobulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level less than normal immunoglobulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002461 increased immunoglobulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level greater than normal immunoglobulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002462 abnormal granulocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002442 abnormal leukocyte physiology any functional anomaly of neutrophils, eosinophils, or basophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002463 abnormal neutrophil physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002462 abnormal granulocyte physiology abnormal function of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002464 abnormal basophil physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002462 abnormal granulocyte physiology any functional anomaly of the leukocyte that contains granules that stain with basic dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002465 abnormal eosinophil physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002462 abnormal granulocyte physiology any functional anomaly of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin and is involved in clearance of parasitic infections and in allergic reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002467 impaired neutrophil phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008546 abnormal vesicle-mediated transport reduced ability of neutrophils to internalize particulate matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002471 abnormal complement pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002419 abnormal innate immunity impaired ability of the complement proteins to act sequentially to directly kill microbes, dispose of immune complexes, and regulate other immune processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002472 impaired complement alternative pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002471 abnormal complement pathway abnormal function of the plasma protein cascade triggered by direct contact with pathogen surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002473 impaired complement classical pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002471 abnormal complement pathway abnormal function of the plasma protein cascade triggered by antigen:antibody complexes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002723 abnormal immune serum protein physiology deviation from the normal levels of glycoproteins present in the blood and other tissue, often functioning as antibodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002491 decreased IgD level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020172 abnormal IgD level less than normal immunoglobulin class D level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002492 decreased IgE level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020173 abnormal IgE level less than normal immunoglobulin class E level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002493 increased IgG level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020174 abnormal IgG level greater than normal immunoglobulin class G level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002494 increased IgM level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020180 abnormal IgM level greater than normal immunoglobulin class M level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002495 increased IgA level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020171 abnormal IgA level greater than normal immunoglobulin class A level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002496 increased IgD level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020172 abnormal IgD level greater than normal immunoglobulin class D level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002497 increased IgE level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020173 abnormal IgE level greater than normal immunoglobulin class E level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001845 abnormal inflammatory response aberrant early and often transient reaction of the microcirculation, characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into extravascular tissues; initiated by injury, infection, or local immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002499 chronic inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001845 abnormal inflammatory response persistent inflammatory response, often caused by persistent infection or during an autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002500 granulomatous inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002499 chronic inflammation chronic inflammation resulting from the failure of the acute inflammatory response and persistence of the injurious agent; characterized by a central area of macrophages, often fused into giant cells, and surrounded by T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002503 abnormal histamine physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any functional anomaly of this amine that is involved in local immune response, in regulating physiological function in the gut, and that acts as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002531 abnormal type I hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation anomaly in a reaction manifested by localized or generalized reaction that occurs immediately (minutes) after exposure to an antigen to which the person/animal was previously sensitized; it is IgE-mediated, and mast cell activation and degranulation are hallmarks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002532 abnormal type II hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation anomaly in the response caused by an Ag-Ab reaction; antibodies are directly or indirectly cytotoxic to antigens on cell surfaces or in connective tissues; most often involves IgG and IgM; complement activation is usually involved http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002533 abnormal type III hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation anomaly in the tissue injury mediated by immune complexes; generally involves immune complexes formed in the blood via Abs encountering circulating Ag-Ab complexes then deposit in tissues (especially blood vessels and glomeruli), induce complement activation, and result in tissue injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002534 abnormal type IV hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation anomaly in an antigen-elicited cellular immune reaction that results in tissue damage, but does not require Ab participation; the response is seen at the area of contact http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002543 brachyphalangia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005306 abnormal phalanx morphology abnormally short phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002544 brachydactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology abnormally short digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002546 mydriasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology increased diameter of one or both central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009676 abnormal hemostasis altered ability or inability of the blood to clot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002553 preference for addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic strong predilection for an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002554 aversion to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic purposeful avoidance of an addictive substance due to dislike http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002555 addiction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002553 preference for addictive substance strong dependence on an addictive compound such as alcohol or narcotics that results in uncontrollable cravings for such compounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002556 abnormal cocaine consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic aberrant behavioral-related or physiological-related intake of cocaine into the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002557 abnormal social/conspecific interaction behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior deviation of the normal behavior of animals towards each other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002566 abnormal sexual interaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002557 abnormal social/conspecific interaction behavior altered initiation, failure of initiation or incomplete mating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002570 alcohol aversion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002554 aversion to addictive substance purposeful avoidance of alcohol due to dislike http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002571 senility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning a degenerative state of brain function manifesting in an impairment of memory, judgment, attention span, problem solving skills, the inability to perform previously learned skills that cannot be attributed to deficits of motor or sensory function, and a global loss of cognitive abilities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002572 abnormal emotion/affect behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior altered response in tests for emotional related behaviors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002573 behavioral despair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003360 abnormal depression-related behavior depression assayed by reduced escape attempts and/or immobility when placed in a stressful situation such as a forced swim test or a suspension test; or failure to seek pleasurable stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002574 increased vertical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020167 abnormal vertical activity greater than average time spent jumping or rearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002575 increased circulating ketone body level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030970 ketosis greater than the normal amount of acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) and/or acetone in the blood, which are produced by fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and seen in conditions such as starvation and diabetes mellitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002576 abnormal enamel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003930 abnormal tooth hard tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the hard outer coating of the exposed portion of the tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002577 reduced enamel thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002576 abnormal enamel morphology thin hard coating of the exposed portion of the tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002578 impaired ability to fire action potentials http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005402 abnormal action potential anomaly resulting in reduced changes in membrane potentials occurring in nerve or other excitable tissue when excitation occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002579 disorganized secondary lens fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002840 abnormal lens fiber morphology deformation or misalignment of the elongated cells that form the crystalline lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002580 duodenal lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003271 abnormal duodenum morphology focal pathological changes characterized by alteration in the size, shape and organization of the cellular components of the duodenum epithelium tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002581 abnormal ileum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002582 disorganized extraembryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology a lack of the regular arrangement of the membranes involved with the embryo's protection and nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002583 absent extraembryonic ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010736 abnormal extraembryonic ectoderm morphology absence of the endoderm layer of the extraembryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002584 small ectoplacental cone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005032 abnormal ectoplacental cone morphology reduced size of the thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002586 abnormal platelet volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004720 abnormal platelet morphology anomaly in the content of platelet cells over normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002590 increased mean corpuscular volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000226 abnormal mean corpuscular volume greater than the average amount of space occupied by each red blood cell, calculated from the hematocrit and red cell count, in erythrocyte indices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002591 decreased mean corpuscular volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000226 abnormal mean corpuscular volume less than the average amount of space occupied by each red blood cell, calculated from the hematocrit and red cell count, in erythrocyte indices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002593 high mean erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003131 increased erythrocyte cell number greater than average numbers of red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002594 low mean erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002875 decreased erythrocyte cell number less than average numbers of red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002596 abnormal hematocrit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology greater or less than the average percentage of a volume of a blood sample occupied by red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002599 increased mean platelet volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002586 abnormal platelet volume increased average content of platelet cells over normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002602 abnormal eosinophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020201 abnormal granulocyte number deviation from the normal numbers of eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002606 increased basophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012442 abnormal basophil cell number higher than average number of basophils as measured by the percent of the total number of leukocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002607 decreased basophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012442 abnormal basophil cell number lower than average number of basophils as measured by the percent of the total number of leukocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002608 increased hematocrit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002596 abnormal hematocrit greater than average percentage of a volume of a blood sample occupied by red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002619 abnormal lymphocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008247 abnormal mononuclear cell morphology any structural anomaly of the cells involved in adaptive immune reactions of the body in most inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including B cells, T cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002620 abnormal monocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008248 abnormal mononuclear phagocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002621 delayed neural tube closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003720 abnormal neural tube closure delay in the last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002622 abnormal cochlear hair cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003308 abnormal cochlear sensory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea; these cells are in synaptic contact with the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002623 abnormal vestibular hair cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000045 abnormal hair cell morphology any structural anomaly of the mechanoreceptor cells in the sensory epithelium of the maculae and cristae of the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear; afferent and efferent nerve fibers of the vestibular nerve end synaptically on them; from the apical end of each cell a bundle of stereocilia and a kinocilium extend into the statoconial membrane of the maculae and the cupula of the cristae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology any structural anomaly of the valve that is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle of the heart, and contains three cusps, the anterior cusp (infundibular cusp), the posterior cusp (marginal cusp), and the septal cusp (medial cusp), attached to the outer fibrous ring (annulus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002625 heart left ventricle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031533 abnormal heart left ventricle wall morphology enlargement of heart left ventricular wall from the increase in size of its cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002626 increased heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001629 abnormal heart rate greater than average resting heart beats per minute, usually measured by the number of times the heart ventricles contract per unit of time, usually per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002627 increased teratoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of generally benign germ cell-derived tumors of male or female containing derivatives from all three germ layers with differentiation in the malignant form being poor; malignant tumors are highly metatstatic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002628 hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology an accumulation of fat deposits in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002629 hyperactivity elicited by ethanol administration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009751 enhanced behavioral response to alcohol increased activity after ingestion of alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002630 abnormal endocochlear potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006390 abnormal cochlear endolymph physiology any alterations in the electrical potential difference (+80 - 100 mV) between the endolymphatic and perilymphatic compartments of the cochlea; this potential is generated by the stria vascularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002632 vestigial tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology a trace or rudimentary caudal structure, often a short boneless filament; the degenerated remains of any tail structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002633 persistent truncus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010651 aorticopulmonary septal defect complete failure of the common arterial trunk opening out of both ventricles to divide into the aorta and pulmonary artery during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002634 abnormal sensorimotor gating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology malfunction of the process by which inhibitory neural pathways filter multiple stimuli and allow attention to be focused on one stimulus; usually measured by pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002635 reduced sensorimotor gating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002634 abnormal sensorimotor gating attenuation of the process by which inhibitory neural pathways filter multiple stimuli and allow attention to be focused on one stimulus; usually measured by pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002636 delayed vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020150 abnormal timing of vaginal opening the opening of the genital canal in a female occurs at a later than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002637 small uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004902 abnormal uterus size reduced size of the female muscular organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002638 abnormal pupillary reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology alterations or failure of the pupil to change in diameter as a reflex response to any stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002639 micrognathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology abnormally reduced size of the jaws, especially of the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002640 reticulocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013663 increased myeloid cell number an increase in the number of circulating reticulocytes, which is normally less than 1 per cent of the total number of red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002641 anisopoikilocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology presence in blood of RBCs of abnormal shapes and sizes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002642 anisocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010067 increased red blood cell distribution width considerable variation of the size of red blood cells compared to a normal range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002643 poikilocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology blood cells of variable shape on smear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002644 decreased circulating triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011969 abnormal circulating triglyceride level reduced concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in the blood; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002645 abnormal intestinal cholesterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005342 abnormal intestinal lipid absorption any anomaly in the ability of the body to take up cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002646 increased intestinal cholesterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002645 abnormal intestinal cholesterol absorption augmented ability of the body to take up cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002647 decreased intestinal cholesterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002645 abnormal intestinal cholesterol absorption reduced ability of the body to take up cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002648 delaminated enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002576 abnormal enamel morphology separation of the hard outer coating of the exposed portion of the tooth from the underlying hard tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002649 abnormal enamel rod pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002576 abnormal enamel morphology any anomaly in the orientation of the structural unit of tooth enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002650 abnormal ameloblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030544 abnormal enamel development any structural anomaly of the tall, columnar, polarized epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamel organ (inner enamel epithelium) of a developing tooth, involved with the formation of enamel matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002651 abnormal sciatic nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001077 abnormal spinal nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the nerve which originates in the lumbar and sacral spinal cord (L4 to S3) and supplies motor and sensory innervation to the lower extremity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002652 thin myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology reduced thickness of the cardiac muscle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002653 abnormal ependyma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the cellular membrane that lines the brain ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002654 spongiform encephalopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002229 neurodegeneration a neurodegenerative state characterized by the appearance of large vacuolated areas in the brain cells, resembling a sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002655 abnormal keratinocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the cells of the epidermis that produce keratin in the process of differentiating into the dead and fully keratinized cells of the stratum corneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002656 abnormal keratinocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation developmental anomaly of the cells of the epidermis that produce keratin in the process of differentiating into the dead and fully keratinized cells of the stratum corneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002657 chondrodystrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development abnormal development of the cartilage primordia of long bones, resulting in abnormally short extremities but normal head and trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002658 abnormal liver regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000609 abnormal liver physiology anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of liver tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002659 pituitary gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005361 small pituitary gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pituitary, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002660 abnormal caput epididymis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology any structural anomaly of the head of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002661 abnormal corpus epididymis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology any structural anomaly of the body of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002662 abnormal cauda epididymis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology any structural anomaly of the tail of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002663 absent blastocoele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004963 abnormal blastocoele morphology developmental anomaly resulting in the absence of the cavity in the blastocyst of the developing embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002664 decreased circulating adrenocorticotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005128 decreased adrenocorticotropin level decreased concentration in the blood of the pituitary hormone that stimulates the secretion of adrenal cortical steroids and induces growth of the adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002665 decreased circulating corticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005345 abnormal circulating corticosterone level less than the normal blood amount of an adrenocortical steroid that induces glycogen deposition and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002666 increased circulating aldosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005346 abnormal circulating aldosterone level increased in the blood concentration of the hormone that is secreted by the adrenal cortex and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion in the distal renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002667 decreased circulating aldosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005346 abnormal circulating aldosterone level decreased in the blood concentration of the hormone that is secreted by the adrenal cortex and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion in the distal renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002668 abnormal circulating potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020887 abnormal potassium level anomalous concentration in the blood of this alkaline metallic element, the most abundant intracellular ion; anomalies in the extracellular (circulating) concentration have important implications for the function of excitable tissues, such as nerve and muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002669 abnormal scrotum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009199 abnormal external male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the external sac of skin that encloses the testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002670 absent scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002669 abnormal scrotum morphology missing the external sac of skin that encloses the testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002671 belted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation the appearance of a stripe of white fur around the circumference of the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002672 abnormal pharyngeal arch artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003410 abnormal artery development any structural anomaly of the vessels formed within the six (five in mammals) pairs of branchial arches in embryogenesis; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002673 abnormal sperm number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001929 abnormal gametogenesis increased or decreased numbers of spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002674 abnormal sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020846 abnormal cell motility anomalies in the mobility of the spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002675 asthenozoospermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002674 abnormal sperm motility loss or reduction of the mobility of the spermatozoa, frequently associated with infertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002676 uterus hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004906 enlarged uterus increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the uterus, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002678 increased follicle recruitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001130 abnormal ovarian folliculogenesis greater frequency of the entry of arrested primordial follicles into the pool of growing follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002679 abnormal corpus luteum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any structural anomaly of the yellow endocrine body formed in the ovary after follicle rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002680 decreased corpora lutea number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002679 abnormal corpus luteum morphology fewer than normal numbers of yellow endocrine body formed in the ovary after follicle rupture in a given oestrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002681 increased corpora lutea number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002679 abnormal corpus luteum morphology greater than normal numbers of yellow endocrine body formed in the ovary after follicle rupture in a given oestrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002682 decreased mature ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009364 abnormal mature ovarian follicle morphology fewer than normal numbers of ovarian follicles that are ready for ovulation and present a blanched spot (the follicular stigma) where the graafian follicle is about to rupture on the surface of the ovary; a first maturation (meiotic) division of the primary oocyte usually occurs just prior to rupture of the follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002683 delayed fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002161 abnormal fertility/fecundity ability to produce live offspring occurring at a later than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002685 abnormal spermatogonia proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001156 abnormal spermatogenesis anomaly in the proliferation of the spermatogonial stem cells either due to abnormal mitosis or apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002686 globozoospermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031354 abnormal acrosome assembly any structural anomaly of the acrosome resulting in a round sperm head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002687 oligozoospermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004901 decreased male germ cell number reduced concentration of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymis or seminal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002689 abnormal molar morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology any structural anomaly of the most posterior teeth located on either side of the jaw, characterized by a large crown and broad chewing surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002690 akinesia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003313 abnormal locomotor activation acquired absence of voluntary movement or loss of the ability to move such as temporary or prolonged paralysis or freezing in place http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002691 small stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology reduced size of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002693 abnormal pancreas physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002164 abnormal gland physiology any functional anomaly of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002694 abnormal pancreas secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002693 abnormal pancreas physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of biologically active substances from pancreatic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002695 abnormal circulating glucagon level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level anomaly in the blood concentration of the peptide hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas that normally plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002696 decreased circulating glucagon level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002695 abnormal circulating glucagon level reduction in the blood concentration of the peptide hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas that normally plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002697 abnormal eye size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology deviation from the average range of eye size for a given organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002698 abnormal sclera morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous, outer envelope of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002699 abnormal vitreous body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005195 abnormal posterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002700 increased opacity of vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002699 abnormal vitreous body morphology the transparent gel filling the inner portion of the eyeball between the lens and retina becomes cloudy and impervious to light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002702 decreased circulating free fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005282 decreased fatty acids level lower than normal levels of the fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacylglycerols are taken into tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology any structural anomaly of the loops of Henle, the proximal convoluted tubule or the distal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002704 tubular nephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology inflammation of the renal tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002705 dilated renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the loops of Henle, proximal convoluted tubules or distal convoluted tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002706 abnormal kidney size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology anomalous physical bulk one or both of the organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002707 abnormal kidney weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002706 abnormal kidney size anomaly in the average weight of the organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002708 nephrolithiasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005360 urolithiasis calculi (stones) occurring in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002710 increased glucagon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003565 abnormal glucagon secretion greater than normal production or release of this hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans; it normally plays a role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002711 decreased glucagon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003565 abnormal glucagon secretion reduction in the production or release of this hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans; it normally plays a role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002712 increased circulating glucagon level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002695 abnormal circulating glucagon level increase in the blood concentration of the peptide hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas that normally plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002713 abnormal glycogen catabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005438 abnormal glycogen homeostasis inability to breakdown glycogen; or reduced or increased rate of glycogen breakdown http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002714 increased glycogen catabolism rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002713 abnormal glycogen catabolism increased breakdown of this highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose subunits; glycogen is the major carbohydrate storage form in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002715 decreased glycogen catabolism rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002713 abnormal glycogen catabolism decreased breakdown of this highly branched polysaccharide composed of glucose subunits; glycogen is the major carbohydrate storage form in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002716 small male preputial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012725 small sebaceous gland reduced size of the sebaceous glands of the corona and neck of the glans penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002717 abnormal male preputial gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013329 abnormal preputial gland morphology any structural anomaly of the paired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands of the corona, the neck of the glans penis, and the inner surface of the prepuce with pheromonal functions in male rodents; male preputial secretions strongly attract females, may accelerate estrus, and have been implicated in intermale aggression; homologous to the clitoral glands (aka female preputial glands) in female rodents; there is no true anatomical equivalent in humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002718 abnormal inner cell mass morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004957 abnormal blastocyst morphology any structural anomaly of the cells of the blastocyst that develop into the body of the embryo and some extraembryonic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002722 abnormal immune system organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000685 abnormal immune system morphology any structural anomaly of lymphoid organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002723 abnormal immune serum protein physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology abnormal concentration or function of circulating immune proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002724 enhanced wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005023 abnormal wound healing increased ability to self-repair and close wounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002726 abnormal pulmonary vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the veins that return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002727 decreased circulating insulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001560 abnormal circulating insulin level less than normal levels of insulin in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002728 absent tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000558 abnormal tibia morphology missing the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002729 abnormal inner ear canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology any structural anomaly of the tubular ducts of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002730 head shaking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior repetitive movement of the head in the horizontal plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002731 megacolon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000495 abnormal colon morphology extreme dilation of the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002732 increased trichoepithelioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign hair follicle tumors that lack mature hair follicles, derived from basal cells of the hair follicles enclosing small keratin cysts, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002733 abnormal thermal nociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001968 abnormal touch/ nociception abnormal capability to sense pain elicited by thermal stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002734 abnormal mechanical nociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001968 abnormal touch/ nociception abnormal capability to sense pain elicited by mechanical stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002735 abnormal chemical nociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001968 abnormal touch/ nociception abnormal capability to sense pain elicited by chemical stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002736 abnormal nociception after inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001968 abnormal touch/ nociception changes in pain thresholds after inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002738 hyperresponsive to tactile stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005407 hyperalgesia exaggerated reflex action normally induced by touch or pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002739 abnormal olfactory bulb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development abnormality in the progression of the formation of the olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002740 heart hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002188 small heart decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002741 small olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000819 abnormal olfactory bulb morphology reduced size of the forebrain region that coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell; it receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002742 enlarged submandibular lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009627 abnormal submandibular lymph node morphology increased size of the submandibular lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002743 glomerulonephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001859 kidney inflammation inflammation and scarring damage to the glomerulus usually resulting from an autoimmune response; often characterized by decreased production of urine, the presence of blood and protein in the urine, and/or by edema; often leads to kidney failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010435 abnormal heart atrium and ventricle connection any structural anomaly of the valves that gate the flow of blood from the atria into the ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002746 abnormal semilunar valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology any structural anomaly of the valves that gate the flow of blood from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010429 abnormal heart left ventricle outflow tract morphology any structural anomaly of the valve between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta which prevents backflow into the left ventricle, and contains three cusps, the posterior (non-coronary), right anterior and left anterior cusps, attached to an outer fibrous ring (annulus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010428 abnormal heart right ventricle outflow tract morphology any structural anomaly of the valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk, and contains three cusps, the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps, attached to an outer fibrous ring (annulus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002750 exophthalmos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001299 abnormal eye distance/ position forward displacement, bulging, or protrusion of one or both eyeballs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002751 abnormal autonomic nervous system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the function of the sensory and motor neurons that run between the central nervous system (especially the hypothalamus and medulla oblongata) and various internal organs (heart, lungs, endocrine and exocrine glands), responsible for controlling involuntary bodily functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for conveying voluntary motor and external sensory information, including all nerves controlling the skeletal muscular system and external sensory receptors (including balance, smell, sight, taste, touch and hearing sensory inputs) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002753 dilated heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008022 dilated heart ventricle the luminal space of the lower left chamber of the heart is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002754 dilated heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008022 dilated heart ventricle the luminal space of the lower right chamber of the heart is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002757 decreased vertical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031392 hypoactivity lesser than average time spent jumping or rearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002758 long tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011999 abnormal tail length increased length of tail relative to average of a given reference population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002759 abnormal caudal vertebrae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology any structural anomaly of the bony segments of the coccyx or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002761 abnormal hippocampal mossy fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology absence or misprojection of axons of neuronal cells in the dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002762 ectopic cerebellar granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011723 ectopic neuron granule cell body resides in a place other than the external or internal granule layer of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002763 ectopic Bergmann glia cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010387 abnormal Bergmann glial cell morphology abnormal position of one or more astrocyte-type glia cells associated with Purkinje cells in the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002764 short tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004686 decreased length of long bones reduced length of the medial and larger bone of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002765 short fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004686 decreased length of long bones reduced length of the lateral and smaller of bone of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002766 situs inversus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004133 heterotaxia lateral transposition or mirroring of the viscera of the thorax and abdomen, sometimes incomplete, with all organs maintaining the normal relative position with respect to each other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002767 situs ambiguus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004133 heterotaxia an abnormality in which the thoracic and abdominal organs are positioned in such a way with respect to each other and the left-right axis as to be not clearly lateralised and thus have neither the usual, or normal (situs solitus), nor the mirror-imaged (situs inversus) arrangements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002768 small adrenal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology reduced size of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002769 abnormal vas deferens morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the secretory duct of the testicle that carries spermatozoa, running from the epididymis, of which it is the continuation, to the prostatic urethra where it terminates to form ejaculatory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002770 absent bulbourethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001169 abnormal bulbourethral gland morphology absence of any of the small paired racemose (compound tubulo-alveolar) glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch, and enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle; they secrete a clear fluid known as pre-ejaculate (Cowper's fluid), and are homologous to the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands in the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002771 absent prostate gland anterior lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001163 abnormal prostate gland anterior lobe morphology absence of the rodent prostate lobe that appears as a thin tubular structure, attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002772 brachypodia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014291 decreased autopod size decreased length of the autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002773 decreased circulating luteinizing hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005132 decreased luteinizing hormone level lower than normal levels in the bloodstream of LH, the hormone that regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the testis and the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002774 small prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004959 abnormal prostate gland size reduced size of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002776 increased Sertoli cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002784 abnormal Sertoli cell morphology increased number of the supporting cells of the seminiferous tubules that create the blood-testes barrier and enable spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002777 absent ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008871 abnormal ovarian follicle number absence of the sac-like structure in the ovary which surrounds an ovum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002778 meroanencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001890 anencephaly type of anencephaly in which the brain and cranium are present in rudimentary form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002779 abnormal sex gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005647 abnormal sex gland physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of hormones from a cell or a gland of the reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002780 decreased circulating testosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005180 abnormal circulating testosterone level reduction in the blood concentration of a potent androgen that promotes development of male secondary sex characteristics and the development of spermatozoa and may regulate sexual desire and help maintain bone and muscle health in both males and females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002781 increased circulating testosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005180 abnormal circulating testosterone level greater than the normal blood concentration of a potent androgen that promotes development of male secondary sex characteristics and the development of spermatozoa and may regulate sexual desire and help maintain bone and muscle health in both males and females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002782 abnormal testes secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004884 abnormal testis physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of hormones from testicular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002783 abnormal ovary secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003507 abnormal ovary physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of hormones from ovarian tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002784 abnormal Sertoli cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011750 abnormal seminiferous tubule epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the supporting cells of the seminiferous tubule epithelium that create the blood-testes barrier and enable spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002785 absent Leydig cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005536 decreased Leydig cell number lack of the interstitial cells of the seminiferous tubules that secrete testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002786 abnormal Leydig cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011416 abnormal testis interstitial tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the interstitial cells that are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH); Leydig cells are polyhedral in shape, display a large prominent nucleus, an eosinophilic cytoplasm and numerous lipid-filled vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002787 pseudohermaphroditism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002212 abnormal secondary sex determination unambiguous gonadal sex (i.e. possesses either testes or ovaries, consistent with chromosomal sex) but has ambiguous secondary sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002788 female pseudohermaphroditism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002787 pseudohermaphroditism pseudohermaphroditism in which the gonads are female (ovaries) and the karyotype is XX but the secondary sex characteristics are male-like or ambiguous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002789 male pseudohermaphroditism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002787 pseudohermaphroditism pseudohermaphroditism in which the gonads are male (testes) and the karyotype is XY but the secondary sex characteristics are female-like or ambiguous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002790 decreased circulating follicle stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005130 decreased follicle stimulating hormone level less than expected blood concentration of the hormone that, in females, stimulates the graafian follicles of the ovary and assists in follicular maturation and the secretion of estradiol; in the male it stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and is partly responsible for spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002791 steatorrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003868 abnormal feces composition passage of large amounts of fat in the feces due to the inability to digest and absorb it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002792 abnormal retina vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any anomaly of the structure or arrangement of blood vessels supplying the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002794 lenticonus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology a conical bulging of the lens capsule and the underlying cortex of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002795 dilated cardiomyopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005330 cardiomyopathy decreased function of the heart associated with cardiac enlargement and congestive heart failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002796 impaired skin barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology impaired ability of the skin to regulate water loss; frequently leads to dehydration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002797 increased thigmotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001363 increased anxiety-related response greater than average preference for staying at the perimeter walls of an open area or in an enclosed versus exposed area; may be used as an indicator of increased anxiety response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002798 abnormal active avoidance behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001462 abnormal avoidance learning behavior anomaly in the ability to escape a hostile environment to actively avoid the unpleasant or punishing stimuli ( e.g. shock) previously encountered in this environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002799 abnormal passive avoidance behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001462 abnormal avoidance learning behavior anomaly in the ability of an animal to enter an hostile environment where it receives a unpleasant or punishing stimuli applied previously with prolonged latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002800 abnormal short-term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001468 abnormal temporal memory anomaly in the short-term memory for objects is established during the first few minutes after training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002801 abnormal long-term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001468 abnormal temporal memory anomaly in long-term memory for objects that is consolidated over hours and days after training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002802 abnormal discrimination learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to exhibit a differential response to different stimuli that is achieved by the reinforcement of the desired response for each particular stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002803 abnormal operant conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in the operant conditioning system refers to abnormalities in scheduled controlled behavior; behavioral assessment occurs in an automated chamber where responses are reinforced with food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002804 abnormal motor learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to repeat a motor task requiring well coordinated movements and balance; measures cerebellar dependent learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002805 abnormal conditioned taste aversion behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001462 abnormal avoidance learning behavior anomaly in the ability of an animal to learn to avoid food sources that were previously associated with aversive internal stimuli or sickness such as a drug that induces sickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002806 abnormal conditioned emotional response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in an emotional response that has been acquired by conditioning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002807 abnormal eye blink conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in the ability of an animal to learn to blink in anticipation of an aversive stimulus (e.g., an air puff to the eyelid) following repeated pairings with a neutral stimulus (e.g., a tone); such learning is only adaptive if the animal is able to learn the precise timing between the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002808 abnormal barbering behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001440 abnormal grooming behavior anomaly in the behavior of plucking of fur/hair or whiskers/vibrissae from other individuals of a cohort (hetero-barbering) or oneself (self-barbering); it is recognized as patches of unevenly chopped hair and the underlying skin is seldom inflamed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002809 increased spinal cord size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology larger appearance of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002810 microcytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001577 anemia a reduction in the mean total mass of erythrocytes in which the remaining circulating erythrocyte corpuscular volume is smaller than normal; most commonly due to iron deficiency but also sickle cell disease and other conditions that result in hemoglobin synthesis failure or insufficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002811 macrocytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001577 anemia deficiency of red blood cells in which the remaining circulating erythrocyte corpuscular volume is larger than normal; most commonly due to megaloblastic anemia, or a deficiency of either vitamin B12 or folic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002812 spherocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology the presence of sphere-shaped erythrocytes in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002813 microcytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology the presence of unusually small erythrocytes in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002814 hyperchromasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology increased capacity of a cell to stain with dye; usually refers to staining of cell nuclei with hematoxylin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002816 colitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003304 large intestinal inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the colon region of the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002817 abnormal tooth mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003930 abnormal tooth hard tissue morphology abnormalities in the process by which calcium salts are deposited into the dental enamel, dentin and cementum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002818 abnormal dentin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003930 abnormal tooth hard tissue morphology any structural anomaly in the hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002819 abnormal dental pulp cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology any structural anomaly of the central space (cavity) of a tooth that is bounded by dentin and contains the dental pulp; the portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002820 abnormal premaxilla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000455 abnormal maxilla morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior and inner portion of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002822 catalepsy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior a condition characterized by inactivity, lack of response to stimuli, and a tendency to maintain an immobile posture; the limbs tend to remain in whatever position they are placed (waxy rigidity); occurs with some psychoses, nervous system drug toxicity, and other conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002823 abnormal rib development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development anomalous formation of the bones forming the bony wall of the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002824 abnormal chorioallantoic fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001712 abnormal placenta development anomaly in the process by which a highly vascularized extra-embryonic fetal membrane is formed by fusion of the chorion and allantois; in most mammals, the chorioallantois constitutes the fetal portion of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002825 abnormal notochord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the axial fibrocellular cord in embryos around which develops the vertebral primordia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002826 tonic seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000947 convulsive seizures increased number or decreased threshold for the induction of a seizure characterized by muscle rigidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002827 abnormal renal corpuscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology any structural anomaly of the structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002828 abnormal renal glomerular capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002827 abnormal renal corpuscle morphology any structural anomaly of the expanded beginning of a nephron that contains the glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002829 abnormal juxtaglomerular apparatus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000521 abnormal kidney cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the complex of modified smooth muscle cells consisting of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangium lacis cells, the macula densa of the distal convoluted tubule, and granular epithelial peripolar cells; these cells are found in the walls of afferent and efferent glomerular arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002830 gallstones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005083 abnormal biliary tract morphology caliculi in the gallbladder or a bile duct; chemical composition of cholesterol, calcium carbonate or calcium bilirubinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002831 absent Peyer's patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000696 abnormal Peyer's patch morphology lymphoid tissue missing from the mucosa of the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002832 coarse hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002074 abnormal hair texture hair shafts that are twisted or coiled and are of uneven thickness produce an overall rugged or uneven appearance and roughness to the touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002833 increased heart weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004857 abnormal heart weight greater than average weight of the heart compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002834 decreased heart weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004857 abnormal heart weight less than average weight of the heart compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030229 abnormal craniofacial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the bones of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002836 abnormal chorion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost extraembryonic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002837 dystrophic cardiac calcinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology a condition characterized by the localized deposition of calcium salts in the heart; often occurring in association with inflammation or atherosclerotic lesions and other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002838 decreased susceptibility to dystrophic cardiac calcinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002837 dystrophic cardiac calcinosis less likely to be stricken by dystrophic cardiac calcinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002839 increased susceptibility to dystrophic cardiac calcinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002837 dystrophic cardiac calcinosis more likely to be stricken by dystrophic cardiac calcinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002840 abnormal lens fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology any structural anomaly of the elongated cells of the crystalline lens of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002841 impaired skeletal muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000738 impaired muscle contractility inability or reduced ability of the skeletal muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002842 increased systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000230 abnormal systemic arterial blood pressure increased tension of the blood within the systemic arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002843 decreased systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000230 abnormal systemic arterial blood pressure decreased tension of the blood within the systemic arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002844 aortic hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology increase in the bulk size of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002845 abnormal aortic weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology anomaly in the average weight of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002846 abnormal aortic mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology altered physical volume or bulk of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002847 abnormal renal glomerular filtration rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013284 abnormal renal glomerular filtration anomaly in the rate of the process in which plasma is filtered through the glomerular membrane, which consists of capillary endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and epithelial cells; the glomerular filtrate is the same as plasma except it has no significant amount of protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002849 abnormal saccharin consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005449 abnormal food intake anomaly in the amount of saccharin consumed in relation to other food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002850 saccharin preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011976 sweet preference subjects demonstrate predilection for saccharine over other offered substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002851 abnormal circulating sulfate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020891 abnormal sulfate level altered concentration of sulfate in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002852 hypersulfatemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002851 abnormal circulating sulfate level abnormally high concentration of sulfate in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002853 hyposulfatemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002851 abnormal circulating sulfate level abnormally low concentration of sulfate in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002855 abnormal cochlear ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology any structural anomaly of the group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002856 abnormal vestibular ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology any structural anomaly of the group of neurons associated with the vestibular part of the eighth cranial nerve that are involved in equilibration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002857 cochlear ganglion degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002855 abnormal cochlear ganglion morphology loss of neural cell bodies in the group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002858 abnormal posterior semicircular canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002428 abnormal semicircular canal morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior segment of the long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002859 abnormal inner ear canal fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002729 abnormal inner ear canal morphology any structural anomaly or mistiming of the fusion of the canal primordia during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002861 abnormal tail bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006281 abnormal tail development anomalous formation of the primordial region of the embryo that arises to form the tail of the adult; appears approximately ten days following conception as a short stump, and then initiates elongation and thinning in normal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002862 abnormal righting response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002980 abnormal postural reflex altered ability or changed amount of time needed to recover from an unnatural position to a normal position and/or to resist any force acting to place an organism into a false position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002863 improved righting response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002862 abnormal righting response faster ability or less amount of time needed to recover from an unnatural position to a normal position and/or to resist any force acting to place an organism into a false position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002864 abnormal ocular fundus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005195 abnormal posterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the posterior segment of the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, visible by an ophthalmoscope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002865 increased growth rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001731 abnormal postnatal growth reduced length of time to reach a developmental stage or stages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002866 abnormal glutamic acid decarboxylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level aberrant concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and carbon dioxide, and regulates GABA levels in nervous tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002867 increased glutamic acid decarboxylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002866 abnormal glutamic acid decarboxylase level greater than normal concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and carbon dioxide and regulates GABA levels in nervous tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002868 decreased glutamic acid decarboxylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002866 abnormal glutamic acid decarboxylase level less than normal concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamate to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and carbon dioxide, and regulates GABA levels in nervous tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002869 increased anti-insulin autoantibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003725 increased autoantibody level elevated level of antibodies to insulin present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002870 decreased anti-insulin autoantibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003726 decreased autoantibody level reduced level of antibodies to insulin present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002871 albuminuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level presence of excess albumin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002872 polycythemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003131 increased erythrocyte cell number an excess of circulating red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002873 normal phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype no phenotypic distinctions from controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002874 decreased hemoglobin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005563 abnormal hemoglobin content decrease in the total hemoglobin content in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002875 decreased erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013662 decreased myeloid cell number reduced number of the cells that transport oxygen, red blood cells, per unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002876 abnormal thyroid gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013561 abnormal endocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of this endocrine gland that normally produces hormones that regulate the metabolic rate of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002877 abnormal melanocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype any structural anomaly of the cells that produce pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002878 abnormal corticospinal tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000778 abnormal nervous system tract morphology any structural anomaly of the corticospinal fibers that arise from the pyramidal cells within the cerebral cortex layer V of the precentral motor area, the premotor area and the postcentral gyrus, then descend into and through the medulla to form the lateral corticospinal tract and the anterior corticospinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002879 increased cellular sensitivity to X-ray irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004227 increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation increased incidence of cell death following exposure to X-ray irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002880 opisthotonus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003492 abnormal involuntary movement a form of tetanic spasm in which the head, neck and spine are bent backward and the body is bowed forward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002881 long hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth increased average length of the coat hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002883 chromatolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology the dissolution of the granules of chromophil substance in a nerve cell body that may occur in injured cells or axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of the transient structures of the embryo that develop into regions of the head, neck and ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002885 abnormal AMPA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002886 abnormal glutamate-mediated receptor currents change in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of AMPA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002886 abnormal glutamate-mediated receptor currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission change in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of glutamatergic receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002887 decreased susceptibility to pharmacologically induced seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012348 decreased susceptibility to induction of seizure by inducing agent ability to withstand doses of pharmacological drugs that induce seizure activity in normal animals; exhibit a higher threshold to induce seizure activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002888 abnormal NMDA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002886 abnormal glutamate-mediated receptor currents change in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of NMDA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002891 increased insulin sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis greater ability to clear glucose from the bloodstream when given insulin than normal; can result in hypoglycemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002892 decreased superior colliculus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology decreased size of the paired superior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002893 ketoaciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010028 aciduria elevated amount of acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) and/or acetone in the urine, which are produced by fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and seen in conditions such as starvation and diabetes mellitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002894 abnormal otolith morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002895 abnormal otolithic membrane morphology any structural anomaly of the crystalline particles composed of calcium carbonate and a protein which adhere to the gelatinous membrane of the maculae of the utricle and saccule (otolithic membrane) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002895 abnormal otolithic membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004427 abnormal vestibular labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly of the gelatinous membrane which is supported by the stereocilia of the hair cells of the maculae of the saccule and utriculus of the inner ear; adhering to its surface are numerous calciferous crystalline particles called otoliths (statoconia) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002896 abnormal bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification defect in the process by which minerals are deposited into bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002897 blotchy skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance regions of spotted discoloration appearing in the dermal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002898 absent cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000163 abnormal cartilage morphology absence of the nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue found primarily in joints, walls of the thorax, and tubular structures, but which also comprises most of the skeleton in early fetal life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002899 fatigue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior easily exhausted due to mental or physical exertion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002900 abnormal urine phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of phosphate in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002901 increased urine phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002900 abnormal urine phosphate level an increase in phosphate amount in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002902 decreased urine phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002900 abnormal urine phosphate level reduced phosphate amount in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002903 abnormal circulating parathyroid hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level anomaly in the blood concentration of the hormone that regulates and maintains intracellular calcium levels in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002904 increased circulating parathyroid hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002903 abnormal circulating parathyroid hormone level greater blood concentration of the hormone that regulates and maintains intracellular calcium levels in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002905 decreased circulating parathyroid hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002903 abnormal circulating parathyroid hormone level reduction in the blood concentration of the hormone that regulates and maintains intracellular calcium levels in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002906 increased susceptibility to pharmacologically induced seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012349 increased susceptibility to induction of seizure by inducing agent inability to withstand doses of pharmacological drugs that induce seizure activity in normal animals; exhibit a lower threshold to induce seizure activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002907 abnormal parturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy defect in the process of labor and delivery in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002908 delayed wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005023 abnormal wound healing longer time requirement for the ability to self-repair and close wounds than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002909 abnormal adrenal gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013561 abnormal endocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the suprarenal gland, including the ability to produce and secrete hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002910 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission any anomaly in the size or duration of currents detected in postsynaptic cells when an excitatory impulse arrives at the synapse causing depolarization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002911 abnormal inhibitory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission defect in the membrane potential detected in postsynaptic cells when an inhibitory impulse arrives at the synapse causing hyperpolarization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002912 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission defect in the potential detected in postsynaptic cells when an excitatory impulse arrives at the synapse causing depolarization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002913 abnormal PNS synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission defect in the communication from a neuron to a target across a synapse in the peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002914 abnormal endplate potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002913 abnormal PNS synaptic transmission defect in the excitatory response of peripheral synapses to stimulation; these amplitudes are larger than central synapse potentials http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002915 abnormal synaptic depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission changes in the duration of the reduction of effectiveness of synaptic connections between neurons and target after repetitive stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002916 increased synaptic depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002915 abnormal synaptic depression increase in the duration of the reduction of effectiveness of synaptic connections between neurons and target after repetitive stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002917 decreased synaptic depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002915 abnormal synaptic depression decrease in the duration of the reduction of effectiveness of synaptic connections between neurons and target after repetitive stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002918 abnormal paired-pulse facilitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission defects in the enhanced response of central synapses when activated twice in rapid succession; indicative of defects in short-term plasticity due to lack of increase of neurotransmitter release at the second stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002919 enhanced paired-pulse facilitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002918 abnormal paired-pulse facilitation increase in the response of central synapses when activated twice in rapid succession; indicative of defects in short-term plasticity due to greater increase of neurotransmitter release at the second stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002920 decreased paired-pulse facilitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002918 abnormal paired-pulse facilitation reduction in the response of central synapses when activated twice in rapid succession; indicative of defects in short-term plasticity due to lack of increase of neurotransmitter release at the second stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002921 abnormal post-tetanic potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission defects in the size or duration of potentials that persist after tetanic stimulation of central synapses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002922 decreased post-tetanic potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002921 abnormal post-tetanic potentiation reduction in the size or duration of potentials that persist after tetanic stimulation of central synapses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002923 increased post-tetanic potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002921 abnormal post-tetanic potentiation increase in the size or duration of potentials that persist after tetanic stimulation of central synapses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002924 delayed CNS synapse formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004996 abnormal CNS synapse formation increase in time required to complete the process of generating connections between an axon and effector tissue or neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the cardiovascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002926 aganglionic megacolon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002731 megacolon extreme dilation of the colon due to defects in innervation from the ganglia, or absence of the ganglia of the myenteric plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002927 toxic megacolon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002731 megacolon severe non-obstructive dilation of the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005083 abnormal biliary tract morphology any structural anomaly of the channels that secrete bile from the liver to the gall bladder and intestines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002929 abnormal bile duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003943 abnormal hepatobiliary system development incomplete or aberrant differentiation of the channels that secrete bile from the liver to the gall bladder and intestines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002931 glutaricadicuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030613 dicarboxylic aciduria an accumulation of an intermediate of tryptophan catabolism in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the moveable articulation point of two or more bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002933 joint inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031169 abnormal joint physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002934 acute joint inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002933 joint inflammation early and often transient reaction of the microcirculation, characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into the joints; initiated by injury, infection, or local immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002935 chronic joint inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002933 joint inflammation persistent inflammatory response in the joints, often caused by persistent infection or during an autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002936 joint swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology enlargement of the joints, usually due to an accumulation of fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002937 synovial hyperemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology an increased blood flow to a synovial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002938 white spotting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation the appearance of patches of white fur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002939 head spot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002938 white spotting the appearance of a round area of white fur on the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002940 variable body spotting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002938 white spotting the appearance of patches of white fur at random on the coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002941 increased circulating alanine transaminase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001573 abnormal circulating alanine transaminase level increased concentration in the blood of the enzyme which transfers amino groups from l-alanine to 2 ketoglutarate, or the reverse (from l-glutamate to pyruvate); serum concentration is increased in viral hepatitis and myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002942 decreased circulating alanine transaminase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001573 abnormal circulating alanine transaminase level decreased concentration in the blood of the enzyme which transfers amino groups from l-alanine to 2 ketoglutarate, or the reverse (from l-glutamate to pyruvate); serum concentration is increased in viral hepatitis and myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002943 abnormal lactate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002944 increased lactate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002943 abnormal lactate dehydrogenase level elevated level of the tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002945 abnormal inhibitory postsynaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission defect in the size or duration of currents detected in postsynaptic cells when an inhibitory impulse arrives at the synapse causing hyperpolarization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002946 delayed axon extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003651 abnormal axon extension an increased amount of time required for an axon to extend from a neuron cell body and find the target http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002947 increased hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign tumors characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; a cavernous hemangioma is characterized by large endothelial spaces (caverns), and a capillary hemangioma is characterized by small endothelial spaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002948 abnormal neuron specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology defects in the developmental patterning of neurons resulting in ectopic placement, decreased numbers or absence of mature neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002950 abnormal neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012745 abnormal neural crest cell physiology any anomaly in the dispersion of the transient and migratory group of cells that emerge from the dorsal region of the neural tube and migrate to many peripheral locations to form various tissues of the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002951 small thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology reduced size of the endocrine gland located in the front and to the sides of the upper part of the trachea, and which secretes thyroid hormone and calcitonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002952 ventricular cardiomyopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005330 cardiomyopathy diseases of the ventricles of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002953 thick ventricular wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020135 abnormal heart ventricle wall thickness increased depth of the cardiac wall of the heart ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002955 increased compensatory renal growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002706 abnormal kidney size increased additional growth of a kidney upon removal of the other kidney through surgery or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002956 decreased compensatory renal growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002706 abnormal kidney size decreased additional growth of a kidney upon removal of the other kidney through surgery or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002957 increased intestinal adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010279 increased gastrointestinal tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002958 cerebral aqueductal stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005537 abnormal cerebral aqueduct morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the cerebral aqueduct that blocks the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002959 increased urine microalbumin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level greater than the normal amount of microalbumin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002960 decreased urine microalbumin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002963 decreased urine protein level less than the normal amount of microalbumin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002961 abnormal axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation defect in the signaling mechanisms that allow precise navigation and connections of axonal growth cones to effector tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006315 abnormal urine protein level greater than the normal amount of proteins in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002963 decreased urine protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006315 abnormal urine protein level less than the normal amount of proteins in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002964 aortic elastic tissue lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009862 abnormal aorta elastic tissue morphology focal pathological changes in the elastic lamella of the main trunk of the arterial system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002965 increased circulating serum albumin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000199 abnormal circulating serum albumin level blood serum albumin concentration above the normal range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002966 decreased circulating alkaline phosphatase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000202 abnormal circulating alkaline phosphatase level reduced concentration in the blood of the enzyme which hydrolyzes orthophosphoric monoesters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002968 increased circulating alkaline phosphatase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000202 abnormal circulating alkaline phosphatase level elevated concentration in the blood of the enzyme which hydrolyzes orthophosphoric monoesters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002969 impaired social transmission of food preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012296 impaired discrimination learning defect in the ability to recall and prefer foods associated with odors recently smelled on the breath of other mice; an indicator of defects in learning and memory of olfactory cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002970 abnormal white adipose tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue consisting of fat-storing cells and arranged in lobular groups or along minor blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002971 abnormal brown adipose tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002972 abnormal cardiac muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005620 abnormal muscle contractility altered ability of the heart muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension, often measured by dP/dT max, fractional shortening (FS), velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (Vcfc), peak of aortic outflow velocity (PAV), and ventricular ejection fraction volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002975 vascular smooth muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005592 abnormal vascular smooth muscle morphology increase in size or thickness of the smooth muscle of the vascular wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002976 vascular smooth muscle hypotrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005592 abnormal vascular smooth muscle morphology decrease in size or thickness of the smooth muscle of the vascular wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002978 absent otoliths http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003144 decreased otolith number absence of the crystalline calciferous particles adhering to the otolithic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002980 abnormal postural reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex any anomaly in the responses that control the normal position of the trunk and extremities and/or posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002981 increased liver weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004847 abnormal liver weight a greater than average weight of the bile-secreting exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002982 abnormal primordial germ cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020363 abnormal germ cell physiology any anomaly in the orderly movement of a primordial germ cell, a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes, from one site to another during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002983 increased retina ganglion cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008056 abnormal retina ganglion cell morphology greater number of ganglion neurons located in the innermost nuclear layer of the retina of that receive visual information from photoreceptors via various intermediate cells such as bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and horizontal cells; axons from these cells form the optic nerve and connect mainly to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002984 retina hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the retina, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002985 abnormal urine calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of calcium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002986 decreased urine calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002985 abnormal urine calcium level abnormally low amounts of calcium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002987 abnormal urine osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis changes in the amount of ions in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002988 decreased urine osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002987 abnormal urine osmolality reduction in the amount of ions in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002989 small kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002706 abnormal kidney size reduced physical bulk one or both of the organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002990 short ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology reduced length of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002991 abnormal sebaceous gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013556 abnormal holocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the holocrine glands that secrete sebum into the hair follicles or in hairless areas into ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002992 abnormal sebaceous lipid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002991 abnormal sebaceous gland physiology abnormal function of the sebaceous gland resulting in changes to the lipid profile secreted onto the hair and skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002993 arthritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002933 joint inflammation autoimmune joint inflammation, marked by changes in the synovial membranes and thickening of articular structures, widespread degeneration of the collagen fibers in connective tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002995 primary sex reversal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005652 sex reversal gonad type is not consistent with chromosomal sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002996 ovotestis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development state in which a single recognizable gonad contains both testicular and ovarian tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002997 enlarged seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004907 abnormal seminal vesicle size increased size of one of the two folded, sac shaped, glands that is a diverticulum of the ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002998 abnormal bone remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology aberrant process of the continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral that involves a balance of resorption and reactive bone formation by osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002999 abnormal bone healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005023 abnormal wound healing defects in the restoration of integrity to bone after trauma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any structural anomaly of the flattened band of efferent fibers arising from the subiculum and medial border of the hippocampus, which then thickens to form the fornix and fibers of the hippocampal commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003006 abnormal hippocampal fornix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any structural anomaly of the compact, white, heavily myelinated fiber bundle arising from the Ammon horn of the hippocampus in each cerebral hemisphere and projecting to the hypothalamus and the mammillary body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003007 ectopic thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology ectopic location of the thymus primordium, which normally resides in the superior mediastinum and lower part of the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003008 enhanced long-term potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002207 abnormal long-term potentiation greater than the normal persistent robust synaptic response induced by synchronous stimulation of pre- and postsynaptic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003009 abnormal cytokine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002723 abnormal immune serum protein physiology anomaly in the production or cellular release of any of the non-antibody proteins made by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells that affect the behavior of other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003010 decreased mortality induced by ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020149 abnormal mortality induced by ionizing radiation reduced sensitivity to lethal doses of ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet light, X-rays, or gamma rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003011 delayed dark adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology increase in time required for the eye to recover its sensitivity in the dark following exposure to bright lights http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003015 abnormal circulating bicarbonate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031394 abnormal bicarbonate level aberrant concentration of inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical in the circulation, which are an important factor in regulating the pH of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003016 increased circulating bicarbonate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003015 abnormal circulating bicarbonate level elevated concentration of inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical in the circulation, which are an important factor in regulating the pH of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003017 decreased circulating bicarbonate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003015 abnormal circulating bicarbonate level reduced concentration of inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical in the circulation, which are an important factor in regulating the pH of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003018 abnormal circulating chloride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012007 abnormal chloride level aberrant chloride concentration in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003019 increased circulating chloride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003018 abnormal circulating chloride level elevated chloride concentration in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003020 decreased circulating chloride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003018 abnormal circulating chloride level reduced chloride concentration in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003021 abnormal coronary flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006111 abnormal coronary circulation aberrant rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003022 increased coronary flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003021 abnormal coronary flow rate elevated rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003023 decreased coronary flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003021 abnormal coronary flow rate reduced rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003024 coronary artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006135 artery stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of any of the blood vessels supplying the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003025 increased vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000250 abnormal vasoconstriction greater ability to constrict the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003026 decreased vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000740 impaired smooth muscle contractility reduced ability to constrict the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003027 abnormal blood pH regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis anomaly in the function of the buffer systems of the blood in combination with the respiratory and renal systems that control the relative acidity or alkalinity of the blood, as measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003028 alkalosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004043 abnormal pH regulation a pathological condition characterized by a decrease in the hydrogen ion concentration in tissues and in blood; caused by an increase in the concentration of alkaline compounds, or by a decrease in the concentration of acidic compounds or carbon dioxide to the body fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003029 alkalemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003027 abnormal blood pH regulation decreased concentration of H-ion in the blood or a rise in pH in the arterial blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003030 acidemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003027 abnormal blood pH regulation increased concentration of H-ion in the blood or a fall below normal in pH in the arterial blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003031 acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004043 abnormal pH regulation a pathological state characterized by an increase in the hydrogen ion concentration in tissues and blood caused by an decrease in the concentration of alkaline compounds, or by a increase in the concentration of acidic compounds or carbon dioxide to the body fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003032 hypocapnia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003860 abnormal carbon dioxide level reduced concentration of CO2 in the blood, alveoli or other tissues resulting in the decreased pressure of this component of body gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003033 abnormal pulmonary vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005532 abnormal vascular resistance deviation from the normal force opposing blood flow in the lung blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003034 increased pulmonary vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003033 abnormal pulmonary vascular resistance greater than the normal force opposing blood flow in the lung blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003035 decreased pulmonary vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003033 abnormal pulmonary vascular resistance less than the normal force opposing blood flow in the lung blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003036 vertebral transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology homeotic transformation of a specific vertebrae to adopt the fate of another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003037 increased myocardial infarct size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031217 increased susceptibility to myocardial ischemic injury increased size of necrotic area of the myocardium resulting from a sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply due to emboli, thrombi or mechanical factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003038 decreased myocardial infarct size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031216 decreased susceptibility to myocardial ischemic injury decreased size of necrotic area of the myocardium resulting from a sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply due to emboli, thrombi or mechanical factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003039 increased time of peak ischemic contracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000343 abnormal response to cardiac infarction increased duration of time from normal necessary to achieve full irreversible contraction of the cardiac muscle in response to myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003040 decreased time of peak ischemic contracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000343 abnormal response to cardiac infarction decreased duration of time from normal necessary to achieve full irreversible contraction of the cardiac muscle in response to myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003041 increased time of onset of induced ischemic contracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000343 abnormal response to cardiac infarction increased duration of time from normal necessary to initiate the irreversible contraction of the cardiac muscle in response to induced myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003042 decreased time of onset of induced ischemic contracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000343 abnormal response to cardiac infarction decreased duration of time from normal necessary to initiate the irreversible contraction of the cardiac muscle in response to induced myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003043 hypoalgesia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001970 abnormal pain threshold decreased sensitivity to painful stimuli; can be due to chemical intervention, neuropathies or due to damage to soft tissue containing nociceptors or injury to a peripheral nerve; it can be primary (at the site of the injury) or secondary (in the surrounding undamaged area) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003044 impaired basement membrane formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004272 abnormal basement membrane morphology defect in the development of the extracellular supportive tissue closely adjacent to the basal surface of the epithelium of muscle cells, fat cells and Schwann cells, which is comprised of type IV collagen, laminin, and sulfated proteoglycans and other components http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003046 liver cirrhosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology liver disease in which the occurrence of fibrotic nodules cause diffuse damage to parenchymal cells, disruptions in microcirculation, vascular anatomy and hepatic architecture, resulting in hepatic dysfunction and ultimately, hepatic failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003047 abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the thirteen bony segments of the spine located anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and posterior to the cervical vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003048 abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000459 abnormal presacral vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the seven bony segments of the spine located anterior to the thoracic vertebrae and caudal to the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003049 abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000459 abnormal presacral vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the six bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003050 abnormal sacral vertebrae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the bony segments of the spine located posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003051 curly tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology a loop or corkscrew-like curl in the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003052 omphalocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003257 abnormal abdominal wall morphology protrusion of abdominal viscera at the base of the umbilical cord, with a covering membranous sac of peritoneum-amnion, that is caused by a severe body wall defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003053 delayed tooth eruption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000119 abnormal tooth eruption postponed onset of the growth of the teeth out of the gums http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003054 spina bifida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000929 open neural tube common congenital midline defect of fusion of the vertebral arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003055 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006395 abnormal epiphyseal plate morphology any structural anomaly of the cartilaginous center of ossification located at one or both ends of bones between the epiphysis (end) and the diaphysis (shaft) of long bones; longitudinal growth of the bone occurs at the plate during development in children and juveniles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003056 abnormal hyoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the U-shaped bone lying between the mandible and the larynx that supports the tongue muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003057 abnormal epicardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000288 abnormal pericardium morphology any structural anomaly of the visceral layer of the pericardium that surrounds and attaches to all the surfaces of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003058 increased insulin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003564 abnormal insulin secretion greater production or release of this hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas, that promotes glucose utilization, protein synthesis, and the formation and storage of neutral lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003059 decreased insulin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003564 abnormal insulin secretion reduction in the production or release of the hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas that promotes glucose utilization, protein synthesis, and the formation and storage of neutral lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003060 increased aerobic running capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012107 enhanced exercise endurance greater ability to run at defined speeds and/or distances compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003061 decreased aerobic running capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012106 impaired exercise endurance reduced ability to run at defined speeds and/or distances compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003062 abnormal coping response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003360 abnormal depression-related behavior altered ability to respond productively to a stressful situation or stimulus, or failure to seek pleasurable stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003063 increased coping response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003062 abnormal coping response enhanced ability to respond productively to a stressful situation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003064 decreased coping response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003062 abnormal coping response reduced ability to respond productively to a stressful situation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003065 abnormal liver copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003952 abnormal copper level anomaly in the amount of copper present in the liver tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003066 increased liver copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003065 abnormal liver copper level a greater accumulation of copper in the liver tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003067 decreased liver copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003065 abnormal liver copper level a reduced amount of copper in the liver tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003068 enlarged kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly larger than average size of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003069 abnormal superior semicircular canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002428 abnormal semicircular canal morphology any structural anomaly of the upper, superior segment of the long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003070 increased vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001619 abnormal vascular permeability greater or faster ability of the blood vessels to permit the passage of substances such as fluid, heat, or gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003071 decreased vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001619 abnormal vascular permeability reduced or slower ability of the blood vessels to permit the passage of substances such as fluid, heat, or gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003072 abnormal metatarsal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly in the five bones of the hindpaws/feet that articulate proximally with the cuneiform and cuboid bones of the tarsus and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003073 abnormal metacarpal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly in the five bones of the forepaws/hands that articulate proximally with the carpal bones and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003074 absent metacarpal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003073 abnormal metacarpal bone morphology missing all of the five bones of the forepaws/hands that articulate proximally with the carpal bones and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003075 abnormal response to CNS ischemic injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury altered response to lack of adequate blood flow, due to trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of a tissue in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003076 increased susceptibility to ischemic brain injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005165 increased susceptibility to injury more severe response, such as increased incidence and/or size of necrotic tissue, to lack of adequate blood flow resulting from trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of all or part of the brain compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003077 abnormal cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology failure to progress or abnormal progression through the stages of the cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003078 aphakia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology absence of the crystalline lens of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003079 decreased susceptibility to induced joint inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002933 joint inflammation reduced or absent inflammatory response in the joints due to chemical or mechanical agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003080 increased natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011719 abnormal natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity increased ability of directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003081 abnormal soleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021206 abnormal limb muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the superficial flat broad muscle of the calf that is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003082 abnormal gastrocnemius morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021206 abnormal limb muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the two-headed large muscle of the posterior portion of the lower hindleg, the most superficial of the calf muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003083 abnormal tibialis anterior morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021206 abnormal limb muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscle of the shin that is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003084 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004087 abnormal muscle fiber morphology any structural anomaly of the skeletal muscle fibers, the large multinucleated cells that make up the skeletal muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003085 abnormal egg cylinder morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly in the transient cup-like structure of the epiblast that consists of a single layer of embryonic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003086 hydromyelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema increased fluid in the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003087 absent allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001726 abnormal allantois morphology missing fetal membrane which contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003088 abnormal prepulse inhibition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission anomaly in the ability of a relatively mild stimulus to suppress the response to a strong, startle-eliciting stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003089 decreased skin tensile strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005275 abnormal skin tensile strength reduction in the normal maximum tension the skin can withstand without tearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003090 abnormal muscle precursor cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012186 abnormal muscle precursor cell physiology defects in the movement of cells that will develop into muscle cells out of the somites and/or to the appropriate location in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003091 abnormal cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020846 abnormal cell motility any anomaly in the movement of cells from one site to another, often occurring during developmental or chemotactic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003092 decreased corneal stroma thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005543 decreased cornea thickness reduced width of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003093 abnormal cornea anterior stroma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005300 abnormal corneal stroma morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003094 abnormal cornea posterior stroma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005300 abnormal corneal stroma morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003095 abnormal corneal stroma development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005300 abnormal corneal stroma morphology anomalous differentiation of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003096 increased corneal light-scattering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology anomaly in the normal transmission of light through the cornea; light is reflected or absorbed instead; often due to anomalies in the arrangement of lamella in the corneal stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003097 abnormal tendon stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030802 abnormal tendon physiology altered ability of tendon to maintain tensile strength and load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003098 decreased tendon stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003097 abnormal tendon stiffness reduced ability of tendon to maintain tensile strength and load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003099 retina detachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology detachment of the retina from the underlying inner wall of the eye, often from tension of the vitreous; may occur with aging or as a result of trauma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003100 myopia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision optical condition in which only rays from a finite distance from the eye focus on the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003101 high myopia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003100 myopia an optical condition involving enlarging of the eye, scleral thinning and frequent detachment of the retina resulting from stress associated with excessive axial elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003102 sclera thinning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002698 abnormal sclera morphology reduction in the width of the fibrous, outer envelope of the eyeball, the sclera may appear blue as a result of the underlying epithelium showing through http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003103 liver degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology deterioration of the liver due to injury or disease, often accompanied by loss of function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003104 acrania http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology complete or partial absence of a skull; usually associated with anencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of one or both of the two upper chambers of the heart, to which the blood returns from the circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003106 abnormal fear-related response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002065 abnormal fear/anxiety-related behavior altered emotional response related to anticipation of specific pain or danger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003107 abnormal response to novelty http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002572 abnormal emotion/affect behavior alteration in amount of exploration/investigation of a novel object, situation or environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003108 short zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030384 short facial bone reduced length of the bone that forms the prominence of the cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003109 short femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030825 decreased femur size reduced length of the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003110 absent malleus processus brevis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010324 abnormal malleus processus brevis morphology absence of the short projection extending from the base of the manubrium of the malleus which contacts the upper part of the tympanic membrane where the tympanic cavity makes a deep pocket (epitympanic pocket) surrounding the cartilaginous nodule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any structural anomaly of a membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated; in most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing, but in some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003112 enlarged parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology increased size of the two small, paired endocrine glands, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; they secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003113 small parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology decreased size of the two small, paired endocrine glands, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; they secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003114 pigmented parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology presence of melanocytes and/or melanin in either of the two small, paired endocrine glands, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; they secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003115 abnormal respiratory system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology aberrant differentiation of pulmonary tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003116 rickets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002896 abnormal bone mineralization overproduction and deficient calcification of osteoid tissue due to vitamin D deficiency; can lead to skeletal deformities, growth defects, hypocalcemia, and sometimes tetany; skeletal fractures occur frequently http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology abnormal formation of the organ system that converts ingested food to nutrients and energy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003120 abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology any structural anomaly of the cartilaginous structures that support the trachea and prevent it from collapsing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003121 genetic imprinting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005384 cellular phenotype any anomaly in the process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules by a mechanism that is mediated by DNA, is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003122 maternal imprinting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012167 abnormal epigenetic regulation of gene expression the establishment of heritable alterations in the activity of a gene that depend on whether it passed through the maternal germline, but that are not encoded by DNA itself http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003123 paternal imprinting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012167 abnormal epigenetic regulation of gene expression establishment of heritable alterations in the activity of a gene that depend on whether it passed through the paternal germline, but that are not encoded by DNA itself http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003124 hypospadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011796 abnormal external urethral orifice morphology a urethral opening located below the normal location; in males, the abnormally placed opening is usually on the ventral surface of the penis, and in females, the abnormally placed opening is usually in the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003125 abnormal septation of the cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010115 abnormal embryonic cloaca morphology absence of or reduction in the separation of the single opening of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts (cloaca) into multiple isolated openings during development, may result in hypospadia, reduced anogenital distance, or persistent cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009208 abnormal female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the external feminine genital organs, collectively known as the vulva and composed of the mons pubis, the labia majora and minora, the clitoris, the vestibule of the vagina and its glands, and the opening of the urethra and of the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003127 abnormal clitoris morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003128 splayed clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003127 abnormal clitoris morphology flattened or spread out clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003129 persistent cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development persistence of an early embryonic state in which the urinary, genital, and gastrointestinal tracts remain confluent and communicate with the exterior through a single perineal opening; due to failure of the urogenital septum to divide the embryonic cloaca into rectal and urogenital portions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003130 anal atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology congenital absence of an anal opening due to the persistence of the epithelial plug (persistence of the anal membrane) or to complete absence of the anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003131 increased erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013663 increased myeloid cell number greater number of the cells that transport oxygen, red blood cells, per unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003132 increased pre-B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005014 increased B cell number greater number of progenitor cells that form the B cell component of the immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003133 increased early pro-B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008186 increased pro-B cell number greater number of cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that undergo D-J rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003134 increased late pro-B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008186 increased pro-B cell number greater number of the cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that undergo V-DJ rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003135 increased erythroid progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008801 abnormal erythroid progenitor cell morphology greater numbers of progenitors of the erythrocyte lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003136 yellow coat color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012076 abnormal agouti pigmentation amount and distribution of yellow pigment (phaeomelanin) relative to black or brown pigment (eumelanin) is maximally increased in agouti hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003137 abnormal impulse conducting system conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology any functional anomaly in the impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle and having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003138 absent tympanic ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000030 abnormal tympanic ring morphology missing the bony ring at the ear canal to which the tympanic membrane is attached http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003139 patent ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010564 abnormal fetal ductus arteriosus morphology failure of the fetal connection between the aorta and pulmonary artery to close after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003140 dilated heart atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004937 dilated heart the luminal space of one or both of the upper chambers of the heart is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003141 cardiac fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology formation of fibrous tissue within the heart often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003142 anotia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005579 absent outer ear congenital absence of one or both auricles of the ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003143 enlarged otoliths http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002894 abnormal otolith morphology increased average size of the crystalline calciferous particles adhering to the otolithic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003144 decreased otolith number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002894 abnormal otolith morphology reduced average number of the crystalline calciferous particles adhering to the otolithic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003145 detached otolithic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002895 abnormal otolithic membrane morphology the otolithic (otoconial) membrane is abnormally detached from the underlying neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003146 absent cochlear ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002855 abnormal cochlear ganglion morphology absence of the group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003147 absent cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology absence or agenesis of the spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003148 decreased cochlea coiling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology a reduction in cochlear coiling or number of turns; in wild-type mice, the cochlea most commonly exhibits one and three-fourth turns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003149 abnormal tectorial membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology any structural anomaly of the overlaying membrane of cochlear duct, an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells; sound induces movement of these hair cells relative to the tectorial membrane, deflects the stereocilia, and leads to fluctuations in hair cell membrane potential, transducing sound into electrical signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003150 detached tectorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003149 abnormal tectorial membrane morphology tectorial membrane is abnormally detached from the cochlear epithelium or spiral limbus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003151 absent tunnel of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013808 abnormal tunnel of Corti morphology complete absence of the triangular, fluid-filled space normally found between the inner and outer rows of supporting pillar cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003152 abnormal pillar cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008304 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell differentiation abnormal differentiation of the supporting cells that form the inner and outer walls of the tunnel in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003153 early eyelid opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004874 abnormal timing of postnatal eyelid opening early average time for the first postnatal eye opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003154 abnormal soft palate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013550 abnormal secondary palate morphology any structural anomaly of the musculomembranous fold that partly separates the mouth and pharynx, located behind the hard palate in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003155 abnormal telomere length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010207 abnormal telomere morphology abnormal length of the terminal repetitive DNA section of a chromosome that is involved in chromosomal replication and senescence and protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration; normal length is a few hundred base pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003156 abnormal leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003091 abnormal cell migration altered ability of blood leukocytes to move within or between different tissues and organs of the body by binding to high endothelial venules (HEV), then tethering and rolling along the luminal aspects of HEV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003157 impaired muscle relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004036 abnormal muscle relaxation reduced or absent ability of muscle to lengthen following contractions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003158 dysphagia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005449 abnormal food intake difficulty in swallowing food or liquid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003159 abnormal esophageal smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000767 abnormal smooth muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue lining the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003160 abnormal esophagus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development aberrant formation of the part of the digestive canal through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003161 absent lateral semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000037 abnormal lateral semicircular canal morphology absence of the lateral long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003162 decreased lateral semicircular canal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000037 abnormal lateral semicircular canal morphology small size of the lateral long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003163 absent posterior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002858 abnormal posterior semicircular canal morphology absence of the posterior segment of the long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003164 decreased posterior semicircular canal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002858 abnormal posterior semicircular canal morphology small size of the posterior segment of the long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003165 absent superior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003069 abnormal superior semicircular canal morphology absence of the upper, superior segment of the long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003166 decreased superior semicircular canal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003069 abnormal superior semicircular canal morphology small size of the upper, superior segment of the long bony tube of the labyrinth that is involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003167 abnormal scala tympani morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly of the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the basal side of the spiral lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003168 abnormal scala vestibuli morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly of the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the apical side of the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004426 abnormal cochlear labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly of the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea that contains the organ of Corti (the neuroepithelial receptor organ for hearing) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003171 phenotypic reversion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002873 normal phenotype wild-type phenotype restored from a previously characterized mutant phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003172 abnormal lysosome physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology ability of lysosomes to produce enzymes necessary for digestion of exogenous material is impaired http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003173 decreased lysosomal enzyme secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003172 abnormal lysosome physiology production or release of glycoprotein hydrolytic enzymes is decreased compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003174 increased lysosomal enzyme secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003172 abnormal lysosome physiology production or secretion of glycoprotein hydrolytic enzymes is increased compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003175 reversion by mitotic recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003171 phenotypic reversion cross-over event between sequences containing mutant and wild-type alleles during DNA replication in a heterozygote resulting in cells with two wild-type alleles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003176 reversion by viral sequence excision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003171 phenotypic reversion restoration of wild-type phenotype by removal of a viral sequence or a viral- related sequence that produced a mutant phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003177 allodynia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001970 abnormal pain threshold condition in which nonpainful stimuli evoke a pain sensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003178 left pulmonary isomerism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010853 abnormal lung position or orientation anomaly in the asymmetry of the lung such that the lobes on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the left side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003179 thrombocytopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013662 decreased myeloid cell number fewer than the normal numbers of the non-nucleated cells found in the blood and involved in blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003180 abnormal pulmonary endothelial cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006055 abnormal vascular endothelial cell morphology altered morphology or area of the semipermeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm of a pulmonary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003181 increased pulmonary endothelial cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003180 abnormal pulmonary endothelial cell surface increased total area of the semipermeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm of a pulmonary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003182 decreased pulmonary endothelial cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003180 abnormal pulmonary endothelial cell surface reduced total area of the semipermeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm of a pulmonary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003184 increased angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013254 abnormal angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity greater activity of the exopeptidase that catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and is also involved in the inactivation of bradykinin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003185 decreased angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013254 abnormal angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity reduced activity of the exopeptidase that catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and is also involved in the inactivation of bradykinin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003186 abnormal redox activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology defect in the processes that maintain the redox environment of a cell or compartment within a cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003189 fused joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology partial or complete absence of a functional articulation point of two or more bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003190 fused synovial joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology partial or complete absence of separations containing synovial fluid between bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003191 abnormal cellular cholesterol metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013245 abnormal lipid metabolism impaired regulation of cellular cholesterol levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003192 increased cholesterol efflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003191 abnormal cellular cholesterol metabolism greater level of removal of excess cholesterol from cells by an active transport pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003193 decreased cholesterol efflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003191 abnormal cellular cholesterol metabolism reduced level of removal of excess cholesterol from cells by an active transport pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003194 abnormal frequency of paradoxical sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012288 abnormal paradoxical sleep pattern abnormal incidence or duration of the sleep stage in which dreams occur and the body undergoes marked changes including rapid eye movement, loss of reflexes, and increased pulse rate and brain activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003195 calcinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004231 abnormal calcium ion homeostasis pathologic deposition of calcium salts in tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003196 calcified skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003197 nephrocalcinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology diffusely scattered foci of calcification in the renal parenchyma, with microscopic or macroscopic deposits of calcium salts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003198 calcified tendon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005503 abnormal tendon morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the tendons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003199 calcified muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003200 calcified joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003201 extremity edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema an accumulation of serous fluid in the limbs, paws and tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003202 abnormal neuron apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology change in the timing or the number of neurons undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003203 increased neuron apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of neurons undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003204 decreased neuron apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006043 decreased apoptosis decrease in the number of neurons undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003205 testicular atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001147 small testis acquired diminution of the size of the testis associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003207 decreased cellular sensitivity to gamma-irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004228 decreased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation decreased incidence of cell death following exposure to gamma-irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003208 abnormal neuromere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the segments of the developing neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003209 abnormal pulmonary elastic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of a slender connective tissue fiber in pulmonary tissue characterized by great elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003210 abnormal heart elastic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009863 abnormal heart elastic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the slender connective tissue fiber in cardiac tissue characterized by great elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003211 abnormal aorta elastic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009862 abnormal aorta elastic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the slender connective tissue fiber in aortic tissue characterized by great elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003212 increased susceptibility to age related obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005455 increased susceptibility to weight gain increased probability of excessive weight gain that is progressive with age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003213 decreased susceptibility to age related obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010182 decreased susceptibility to weight gain reduced probability of excessive weight gain that is progressive with age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003214 neurofibrillary tangles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies dense intraneuronal accumulations of helical filaments (neurofilaments and microtubules) that assume twisted contorted patterns; found in subclasses of cells of the neocortex, hippocampus, brain stem, and diencephalon in individuals with Alzheimer disease and other tauopathies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003215 renal interstitial fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011425 abnormal kidney interstitium morphology formation of fibrous tissue within the functional space in the kidney beneath the individual filters (glomeruli) as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003216 absence seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000948 nonconvulsive seizures impairment of consciousness without convulsions associated with sudden behavioral arrest and widespread bilaterally synchronous spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003217 increased spike-wave discharge type I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008840 abnormal spike wave discharge increase in one type of epileptiformic electroencephalographic (EEG) activity detected in generalized absence epilepsy, characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex and lasting longer than spike-wave discharge type II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003218 decreased spike-wave discharge type I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008840 abnormal spike wave discharge decrease in one type of epileptiformic electroencephalographic (EEG) activity detected in generalized absence epilepsy, characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex and lasting longer than Spike-wave discharge type II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003219 increased spike-wave discharge type II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008840 abnormal spike wave discharge increase in one type of epileptiformic electroencephalographic (EEG) activity detected in generalized absence epilepsy, characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003220 decreased spike-wave discharge type II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008840 abnormal spike wave discharge decrease in one type of epileptiformic electroencephalographic (EEG) activity detected in generalized absence epilepsy, characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003221 abnormal cardiomyocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004215 abnormal myocardial fiber physiology change in the timing or the number of cardiac muscle cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003222 increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of cardiac muscle cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003223 decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006043 decreased apoptosis decrease in the number of cardiac muscle cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003224 neuron degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the functional cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003225 axonal dystrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005405 axon degeneration axon degeneration that may result from genetic abnormalities or inadequate or faulty metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003226 absent cochlear modiolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003309 abnormal cochlear modiolus morphology absence of the central cone shaped core of spongy bone about which turns the spiral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003227 abnormal vascular branching morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000260 abnormal angiogenesis increase, decrease or anomaly in the process by which new vessels sprout off pre-existing vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003228 abnormal sinus venosus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of the cavity at the caudal end of the embryonic cardiac tube in which the veins from the intra- and extraembryonic circulatory arcs unite; in the adult this becomes the portion of the right atrium known as the sinus of the vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003229 abnormal vitelline vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the vascular network that supplies the yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003230 abnormal umbilical artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012300 abnormal umbilical cord blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the paired arteries that bring unoxygenated blood back to the placenta from the dorsal aorta through the umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003231 abnormal placenta vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology any structural anomaly of the vessels of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003232 abnormal forebrain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development anomaly in the formation or patterning of the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003233 prolonged QT interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003899 abnormal QT interval increase in the length of time required for ventricular depolarization and repolarization to occur, usually as a result of increased repolarization time, and is measured from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003234 enhanced NMDA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002888 abnormal NMDA-mediated synaptic currents increase in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of NMDA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003235 abnormal alisphenoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000104 abnormal sphenoid bone morphology any structural anomaly of either of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003236 abnormal lens capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology any structural anomaly of the elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003237 abnormal lens epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology any structural anomaly in the one or more of the layers of epithelial cells in the lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003238 slow REM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012288 abnormal paradoxical sleep pattern decreased rapid, periodic, jerky movement of the eyes from average during certain stages of the sleep cycle when dreaming takes place http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003239 fast REM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012288 abnormal paradoxical sleep pattern increased rapid, periodic, jerky movement of the eyes from average during certain stages of the sleep cycle when dreaming takes place http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003240 loss of hippocampal neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009939 abnormal hippocampus neuron morphology loss of neurons in the hippocampal region of the brain, commonly due to an apoptotic event http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003241 loss of cortex neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology loss of neurons in the cortex region of the brain, commonly due to an apoptotic event http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003242 loss of basal ganglia neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006007 abnormal basal ganglion morphology loss of neurons in the basal ganglia of the brain, commonly due to an apoptotic event http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003243 abnormal dopaminergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that utilize dopamine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003244 loss of dopaminergic neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003243 abnormal dopaminergic neuron morphology loss of the neurons that utilize dopamine as a neurotransmitter, commonly due to an apoptotic event http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003245 abnormal GABAergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that utilize gamma-aminobutyric acid as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003246 loss of GABAergic neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003245 abnormal GABAergic neuron morphology loss of the neurons that utilize gamma-aminobutyric acid as a neurotransmitter, commonly due to an apoptotic event http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003247 abnormal glutaminergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that utilize glutamate as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003248 loss of glutamate neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003247 abnormal glutaminergic neuron morphology loss of the neurons that utilize glutamate as a neurotransmitter, commonly due to an apoptotic event http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003249 increased muscle free fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010358 abnormal free fatty acids level greater than normal muscle concentration of the fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacylglycerols are taken into tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003250 absent gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005084 abnormal gallbladder morphology absence of the organ which serves as a storage reservoir for bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003251 gallbladder inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005085 abnormal gallbladder physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the gall bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003252 abnormal bile duct physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002139 abnormal hepatobiliary system physiology any functional anomaly of the channels that secrete bile from the liver to the gall bladder and intestines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003253 dilated bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology the luminal space of one or more bile ducts is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid or bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003254 bile duct inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003252 abnormal bile duct physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003255 bile duct proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology the appearance of an increased number of bile ducts in the liver; a sign of progressive liver disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003256 biliary cirrhosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003252 abnormal bile duct physiology liver damage to parenchymal cells due to obstruction of bile flow in the bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003257 abnormal abdominal wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003385 abnormal body wall morphology any structural anomaly of the margins that enclose the abdominal cavity; the major part is muscular but also includes skin, subcutaneous fat, fascia and the parietal peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003258 hiatal hernia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003257 abnormal abdominal wall morphology protrusion of abdominal structures through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003259 nausea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001664 abnormal digestion gastric discomfort associated with the inclination to vomit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003260 vomiting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001664 abnormal digestion the retrograde expulsion of gastric contents through the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003261 hematemesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003260 vomiting vomiting of blood; indicative of bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003262 intestinal/bowel diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology a pouch or sac protruding from the intestinal or bowel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003266 biliary cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal fluid-filled sacs within the bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003267 constipation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003866 abnormal defecation incomplete, infrequent or difficult evacuation of fecal matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003268 chronic constipation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003267 constipation prolonged or long-term difficulty in evacuation of fecal matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003269 colon polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008011 intestine polyps abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the colon and are tethered to the wall of the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003270 intestinal obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011082 abnormal gastrointestinal motility any impediment, blockage, or reversal of the normal flow of the intestinal contents toward the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003271 abnormal duodenum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the first division of the small intestine that extends from the pyloris to the junction with the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003272 duodenal atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003271 abnormal duodenum morphology congenital blockage or absence of the lumen of the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003273 duodenal ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003301 peptic ulcer a lesion on the mucosal surface of the duodenum, usually produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003274 intestinal microaneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm focal dilation of arteriocapillary junctions in the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003275 gastric microaneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm focal dilation of arteriocapillary junctions in the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003276 esophageal atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology congenital blockage or absence of the lumen of the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003277 increased esophageal papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010292 increased alimentary system tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a benign epithelial tumor consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma of the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003278 esophageal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins and leukocytes in the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of an artery, a vein, or the heart resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall or heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003280 urinary incontinence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination inability to control the urinary bladder excretory functions leading to involuntary urination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003281 fecal incontinence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003866 abnormal defecation inability to control the anal sphincter resulting in the involuntary passage of feces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003282 gastric ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010792 abnormal stomach mucosa morphology a lesion on the mucosal surface of the stomach, usually produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003283 abnormal digestive organ placement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology different location or arrangement of any of the alimentary tract organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003284 abnormal large intestine placement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014023 abnormal intestine placement different location or arrangement of the large intestinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003285 gastric hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003883 enlarged stomach increase in the bulk size of the stomach due to cell enlargement or accumulation of fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003286 gastroesophageal reflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010154 abnormal gastroesophageal sphincter physiology retrograde movement of gastric contents into the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003287 increased intestinal hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010279 increased gastrointestinal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells in the intestines, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003288 intestinal edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema an accumulation of an excessive amount of serous fluid in the intestine or intestinal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003289 abnormal intestinal peristalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011082 abnormal gastrointestinal motility altered intestinal movement characterized by waves of alternate circular contraction and relaxation of the muscular walls of the bowel that move bowel contents forward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003290 intestinal hypoperistalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003289 abnormal intestinal peristalsis reduced intestinal movement characterized by waves of alternate circular contraction and relaxation of the muscular walls of the bowel that move bowel contents forward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003291 interstinal hyperperistalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003289 abnormal intestinal peristalsis increased intestinal movement characterized by waves of alternate circular contraction and relaxation of the muscular walls of the bowel that move bowel contents forward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003292 melena http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003868 abnormal feces composition dark colored, foul-smelling feces due to the presence of blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003293 rectal hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031156 large intestine hemorrhage bleeding in the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003294 intussusception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology telescoping of the intestine, or the prolapse of one part of the bowel to another; usually results in obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003295 lymphomesenteric cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst cystic mass in the abdominal mesenchyme containing lymph; sometimes becomes calcified http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003296 microcolon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000495 abnormal colon morphology small, unused colon in neonates, usually due to atresia or other gastrointestinal blockage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003298 choking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology spasm of the larynx and trachea due to prevention of respiration by compression or obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003299 gastric polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010352 gastrointestinal tract polyps abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the stomach and are tethered to the wall of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003300 gastrointestinal ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any lesion on the mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract, usually produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003301 peptic ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003300 gastrointestinal ulcer any lesion on the mucosal surface of the portion of the alimentary tract that is exposed to gastric acid, usually in the stomach or the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003302 perirectal abscess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000492 abnormal rectum morphology acute focal inflammation of the tissues surrounding the rectum, often with accumulation of purulent material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003303 peritoneal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the viscera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003304 large intestinal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001858 intestinal inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003305 proctitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003304 large intestinal inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the mucous membrane of the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003306 small intestinal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001858 intestinal inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003307 pyloric stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010785 abnormal stomach pyloric region morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the gastric outlet of the stomach, often due to muscular hypertrophy or scarring from local inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003308 abnormal cochlear sensory epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial cell layer containing the sensory hair cells and their associated sensory nerve terminals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003309 abnormal cochlear modiolus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly of the central cone shaped core of spongy bone about which turns the spiral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003310 reduced cochlear modiolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003309 abnormal cochlear modiolus morphology a reduction in the volume of the central conical bony pillar of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003311 aminoaciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011468 abnormal urine amino acid level excretion of amino acids in the urine, especially in excessive amounts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003312 abnormal locomotor coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001392 abnormal locomotor behavior reduced ability of an animal to maintain skillful and effective interaction of movements while engaging in behavioral locomotor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003313 abnormal locomotor activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001392 abnormal locomotor behavior altered ability or desire of an animal to initiate locomotor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003314 dysmetria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance an inability to control the range of motion, typified by under- or over-shooting the intended position with the hand, arm, leg or eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003315 abnormal perineum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology any structural anomaly of the area between the genital organs and the anus that lies beneath the pelvic diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003316 perineal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003315 abnormal perineum morphology an abnormal anatomical passage that connects the perineum to organs such as the bladder or the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003317 anoperineal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology an abnormal anatomical passage that connects the perineum to the anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003318 rectoperineal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003316 perineal fistula an abnormal anatomical passage that connects the perineum to the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003319 anal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology an abnormal anatomical passage at or near the anus that usually opens into the rectum above the internal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003320 rectovaginal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology an abnormal anatomical passage connecting the rectum and the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003321 tracheoesophageal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology an abnormal passage is present between the esophagus and the trachea; may be acquired or congenital, and is often associated with esophageal atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003322 biliary fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005083 abnormal biliary tract morphology an abnormal anatomical passage that connects any organ of the biliary tract and other organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003323 gastrocolic fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000495 abnormal colon morphology an abnormal anatomical passage between the stomach and the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003324 increased liver adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the liver, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003325 decreased liver function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000609 abnormal liver physiology reduced normal function of this bile-secreting exocrine gland, which is important for detoxification, for fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, and for glycogen storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003326 liver failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000609 abnormal liver physiology cessation of function of this bile-secreting exocrine gland, which is important for detoxification; for fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism; and for glycogen storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003327 liver cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in any portion of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003328 portal hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology elevation of blood pressure in the hepatic portal vein, often a result of cirrhosis or from obstruction of the portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003329 amyloid beta deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies formation of self-assembled aggregates of the cleaved App Abeta protein fragment; often seen in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003330 abnormal auditory tube morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology any structural anomaly in the tube connecting the tympanic cavity and the nasopharynx that allows equalization of pressure between the tympanic cavity and the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003331 increased hepatocellular carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008019 increased liver tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm arising from liver cells, usually in adults and caused by liver trauma due to disease or injury, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003332 liver abscess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology collection of purulent exudate within the liver as a result of infection by bacteria, protozoa, or other agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003333 liver fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the liver, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003334 pancreas fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the pancreas, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003335 exocrine pancreatic insufficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010148 abnormal exocrine pancreas physiology inadequate synthesis and/or secretion of digestive enzymes by the exocrine portion of the pancreas, usually due to loss of acinar tissue from idiopathic atrophy or acute or chronic inflammation, causing maldigestion and malabsorption of nutrients http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003336 pancreas cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal fluid-filled sacs within the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003337 exocrine pancreas hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009110 pancreas hyperplasia increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the exocrine pancreas, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003338 pancreas lipomatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology an accumulation of abnormally localized or tumor-like fat in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003339 decreased pancreatic beta cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020578 abnormal pancreatic beta cell number fewer than normal number of the cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003340 acute pancreas inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation early and often transient reaction of the microcirculation, characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into the pancreas; initiated by injury, infection, or local immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003341 chronic pancreas inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002499 chronic inflammation persistent inflammatory response in the pancreas, often caused by persistent infection or during an autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003342 accessory spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology the splenic tissue is divided into equal masses; often related to situs inversus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003344 mammary gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mammary gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003345 decreased rib number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology fewer than normal numbers of the pairs of bony structures that make up the body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003346 abnormal pectoral muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003358 abnormal hypaxial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the two muscles that make up the upper and fore part of the chest that adduct and rotate the arm and lift the ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003347 hyperpituitarism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001746 abnormal pituitary secretion hypersecretion of adenohypophyseal hormones from the glandular, anterior portion of the pituitary; often due to a functional adenoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003348 hypopituitarism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001746 abnormal pituitary secretion reduction or cessation of secretion of one or more hormones from the anterior pituitary gland; this may result from ablation, tumors, infarction, or other trauma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003349 abnormal circulating renin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level aberrant blood level of the enzyme which is secreted by the kidney and cleaves a bond in angiotensionogen to generate angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003350 increased circulating levels of thyroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005468 abnormal thyroid hormone level increased concentration of hormones in the blood that are synthesized and secreted by the thyroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003351 decreased circulating levels of thyroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005468 abnormal thyroid hormone level reduced concentration of hormones in the blood that are synthesized and secreted by the thyroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003352 increased circulating renin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003349 abnormal circulating renin level elevated blood level of the enzyme which is secreted by the kidney and cleaves a bond in angiotensionogen to generate angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003353 decreased circulating renin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003349 abnormal circulating renin level reduced blood level of the enzyme which is secreted by the kidney and cleaves a bond in angiotensionogen to generate angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003354 astrocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012065 increased astrocyte number a proliferation or spread of astrocytes into the area of a degenerative lesion or damaged tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003355 decreased ovulation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001928 abnormal ovulation reduction in the frequency in which an ovum (or ova) is/are released from a rupturing ovarian follicle(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003356 impaired luteinization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009344 abnormal ovulation cycle atypical transformation of the mature ovarian follicle and its theca interna into a corpus luteum after ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003357 impaired granulosa cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the supporting cells for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals; granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003358 abnormal hypaxial muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscles derived from the lateral myotome and lateral portion of the dermomyotome; these include the thoracic intercostal and abdominal muscles, limb muscles and superficial back muscles, as well as the diaphragm and the tip of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003359 hypaxial muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003358 abnormal hypaxial muscle morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hypaxial muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003360 abnormal depression-related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002572 abnormal emotion/affect behavior responses to a stressful situation or stimulus, or failure to seek pleasurable stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003361 abnormal circulating gonadotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberrant blood concentration of the peptide hormones that stimulate gonadal functions such as gametogenesis and sex steroid hormone production in the ovary and the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003362 increased circulating gonadotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003361 abnormal circulating gonadotropin level greater than the normal blood concentration of the peptide hormones that stimulate gonadal functions such as gametogenesis and sex steroid hormone production in the ovary and the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003363 decreased circulating gonadotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003361 abnormal circulating gonadotropin level less than the normal blood concentration of the peptide hormones that stimulate gonadal functions such as gametogenesis and sex steroid hormone production in the ovary and the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003364 increased insulinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003430 increased pancreatic islet cell adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the pancreatic islet beta cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; these tumors secrete excess insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003365 increased glucagonoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003430 increased pancreatic islet cell adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the pancreatic islet alpha cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; these tumors secrete excess glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003366 abnormal circulating glucocorticoid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberrant blood concentration of the corticosteroids regulating carbohydrate metabolism and exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003367 increased circulating glucocorticoid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003366 abnormal circulating glucocorticoid level greater than normal blood concentration of the corticosteroids regulating carbohydrate metabolism and exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003368 decreased circulating glucocorticoid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003366 abnormal circulating glucocorticoid level less than normal blood concentration of the corticosteroids regulating carbohydrate metabolism and exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003369 abnormal circulating estrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberration in the blood concentration of any substance that causes development of the female reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003370 increased circulating estrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003369 abnormal circulating estrogen level greater than normal blood concentration of any substance that causes development of the female reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003371 decreased circulating estrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003369 abnormal circulating estrogen level reduction in the blood concentration of any substance that causes development of the female reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003372 abnormal circulating mineralocorticoid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberrant blood concentration of corticosteroids that influence water and electrolyte metabolism and balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003373 increased circulating mineralocorticoid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003372 abnormal circulating mineralocorticoid level greater than normal blood concentration of corticosteroids that influence water and electrolyte metabolism and balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003374 decreased circulating mineralocorticoid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003372 abnormal circulating mineralocorticoid level less than normal blood concentration of corticosteroids that influence water and electrolyte metabolism and balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003375 abnormal menstrual cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009344 abnormal ovulation cycle failure of or aberrant timing of a recurring cycle in human primates in which the endometrial lining of the uterus prepares for pregnancy and ovulation occurs; if pregnancy does not occur the lining is discharged at menstruation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003376 amenorrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003375 abnormal menstrual cycle absence or abnormal cessation of the shedding of the endometrium and associated bleeding in primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003377 late onset of menarche http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001938 delayed sexual maturation the onset of menstrual cycles occurs at a later age than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003378 early sexual maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001937 abnormal sexual maturation pubertal changes occur at an earlier than normal age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003379 absent sexual maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001937 abnormal sexual maturation failure to initiate pubertal changes that result in achievement of full sexual capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003380 abnormal intestine regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010155 abnormal intestine physiology anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of intestinal tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003381 vitreal fibroplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002699 abnormal vitreous body morphology production of excess fibrous tissue in the vitreous body of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003382 straub tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001391 abnormal tail movements condition in which an animal carries its tail in an erect (vertical or nearly vertical) position; often seen upon opioid and other drug treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003383 abnormal gluconeogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis anomaly in the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrates, such as proteins or fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003384 abnormal ventral body wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003385 abnormal body wall morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior portion of a human body or the lower surface of an animal body comprised of ectoderm and mesoderm layers that encloses the body cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003385 abnormal body wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype any structural anomaly of the external portion of an animal body comprised of ectoderm and mesoderm layers that encloses the body cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003387 aorta coarctation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology a congenital focal constriction of the aorta most commonly found just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery; the most commonly found form is juxtaductal coarctation, but it may occur at any point from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003388 absent pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000288 abnormal pericardium morphology absence of the fibroserous membrane covering the heart and beginning of the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003389 constriction of pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000288 abnormal pericardium morphology tightening of the pericardium around the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003390 lymphedema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema abnormal swelling in the soft tissues of the limbs, or less often the trunk, caused by the buildup of lymph fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003391 increased myxoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a benign neoplasm derived from pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells of connective tissue, consisting chiefly of polyhedral and stellate cells that are loosely embedded in a soft mucoid matrix; may show multiple differentiated components http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003392 increased atrial myxoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010291 increased cardiovascular system tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a benign neoplasm derived from pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells of either the left or right atrium connective tissue, consisting chiefly of polyhedral and stellate cells that are loosely embedded in a soft mucoid matrix; an increase in primary intracardiac tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003393 decreased cardiac output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001627 abnormal cardiac output reduction in the blood volume pumped by each ventricle per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003394 increased cardiac output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001627 abnormal cardiac output greater than normal blood volume pumped by each ventricle per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003395 abnormal subclavian artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the right or left subclavian arteries; the right subclavian artery normally extends from the brachiocephalic artery to the right side of the body and the left subclavian artery extends from the aortic arch to the left side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003396 abnormal embryonic hematopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013693 abnormal hemopoiesis anomaly in the development of primarily large, nucleated erythroblasts as well as some megakaryocytes and primitive macrophages that circulate in the embryonic and extraembryonic tissues, and which occurs in blood islands in the yolk sac from E7-E11 in the mouse and through 10 weeks in humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003397 increased muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004233 abnormal muscle weight greater than average muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003398 increased skeletal muscle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009458 abnormal skeletal muscle size greater than average dimensions of one or more of the muscles of the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003400 kinked neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology twists or kinks in the embryonic neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003401 enlarged tail bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002861 abnormal tail bud morphology increased size or area of the primordial region of the embryo that arises to form the tail of the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003402 decreased liver weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004847 abnormal liver weight reduced average weight of the bile-secreting exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003403 absent placental labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001716 abnormal placenta labyrinth morphology absence of the structure where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003404 absent enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002576 abnormal enamel morphology absence of the hard outer coating of the exposed portion of the tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003405 abnormal platelet shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004720 abnormal platelet morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the normal small, disk-like shape of blood plasma cells derived from megakaryocytes and which function to promote blood clotting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003406 failure of zygotic cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009781 abnormal preimplantation embryo development inability of a fertilized oocyte to initiate or complete early cell divisions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003407 abnormal central nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004858 abnormal nervous system regeneration anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of central nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003408 increased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000165 abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone increased width of cartilage cell matrix layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003409 decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000165 abnormal long bone hypertrophic chondrocyte zone decreased width of cartilage cell matrix layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003410 abnormal artery development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology anomaly in the process of forming the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003411 abnormal vein development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology anomaly in the process of forming the blood vessels that carry blood to the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003412 abnormal afterhyperpolarization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology anomaly in the currents that follow an action potential and influence firing frequency and neuronal integration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003413 hair follicle degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003414 epidermal cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031309 skin cyst presence of one or more benign masses derived from the epidermis or the epithelium of a hair follicle, formed by enclosure of epithelium within the dermis and filled with keratin and lipid-rich inclusions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003415 priapism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001379 abnormal penile erection prolonged penile erection, often painful and without sexual desire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003416 premature bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification early onset of the formation of bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003417 premature endochondral bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008272 abnormal endochondral bone ossification early onset of bone formation in bones that form from cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003418 premature intramembranous bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008273 abnormal intramembranous bone ossification early onset of bone formation in bones that form without a cartilaginous intermediate including the cranium and clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003419 delayed endochondral bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008272 abnormal endochondral bone ossification late onset of bone formation in bones that form from cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003420 delayed intramembranous bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008273 abnormal intramembranous bone ossification late onset of bone formation in bones that form without a cartilaginous intermediate including the cranium and clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003421 abnormal thyroid gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development failure or abnormality in the formation of the thyroid gland during organogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003422 abnormal thrombolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation altered ability to break up (lyse) blood clots that are restricting the blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003423 reduced thrombolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003422 abnormal thrombolysis reduced ability or inability to break up (lyse) blood clots that are restricting the blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003424 premature neuronal precursor differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation earlier than normal transformation of neuronal precursor cells into neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003425 abnormal optic vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development anomalous formation of the hollow outgrowth from the lateral aspects of the embryonic forebrain from which the retina and optic nerve develop http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003426 pulmonary interstitial fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006050 pulmonary fibrosis formation of fibrous tissue within the interstices of the lung as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003427 parakeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001242 hyperkeratosis thickening of the stratum corneum of the epidermis (hyperkeratosis) with nucleated keratinocytes retained in this layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003429 insensitivity to growth hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003638 abnormal response/metabolism to endogenous compounds no growth response to exogenous growth hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003430 increased pancreatic islet cell adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009043 increased pancreas adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the islet cells of the pancreas, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003431 abnormal parathyroid gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013561 abnormal endocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of this paired endocrine gland that normally produces parathyroid hormone (PTH) that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003432 increased activity of parathyroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003431 abnormal parathyroid gland physiology increased function of this paired endocrine gland that normally produces parathyroid hormone (PTH) that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003433 decreased activity of parathyroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003431 abnormal parathyroid gland physiology reduced function of this paired endocrine gland that normally produces parathyroid hormone (PTH) that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003434 decreased susceptibility to induced choroidal neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005546 choroidal neovascularization reduction or absence of growth of new, abnormal blood vessels that originate in the choroid through a break in the Bruch membrane into the sub-retinal pigment epithelium or subretinal space and may result in visual loss as a result of chemical or mechanical manipulation (e.g. laser-induced trauma) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003435 herniated seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology protrusion of the seminal vesicles through the pelvic outlet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003436 decreased susceptibility to induced arthritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder less likely to be stricken with changes in the synovial membranes and thickening of articular structures, widespread degeneration of the collagen fibers in connective tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures that are induced by inflammatory responses caused by chemical or mechanical agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003437 abnormal carotid body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004181 abnormal carotid artery morphology any structural anomaly of a small epithelioid structure consisting of a small cluster of chemoreceptive and supporting cells located near the bifurcation of the common carotid artery that serves as a chemoreceptive organ that senses the pH, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentrations in the blood and plays a crucial role in their homeostatic control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003438 abnormal carotid body physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000249 abnormal blood vessel physiology any functional anomaly in a small epithelioid structure consisting of a small cluster of chemoreceptive and supporting cells located near the bifurcation of the common carotid artery that serves as a chemoreceptive organ that senses the pH, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentrations in the blood and plays a crucial role in their homeostatic control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003439 abnormal glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level abnormal level of trihydroxy sugar alcohols that are precursors for synthesis of triacylglycerols, and of phospholipids and cellular glucose in the liver and adipose tissue; fat catabolism results in the release of glycerol and fatty acids into the bloodstream to be used as an energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003440 decreased glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003439 abnormal glycerol level reduced level of trihydroxy sugar alcohols that are precursors for synthesis of triacylglycerols, and of phospholipids and cellular glucose in the liver and adipose tissue; fat catabolism results in the release of glycerol and fatty acids into the bloodstream to be used as an energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003441 increased glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003439 abnormal glycerol level elevated level of trihydroxy sugar alcohols that are precursors for synthesis of triacylglycerols, and of phospholipids and cellular glucose in the liver and adipose tissue; fat catabolism results in the release of glycerol and fatty acids into the bloodstream to be used as an energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003442 decreased circulating glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011973 abnormal circulating glycerol level reduced blood level of trihydroxy sugar alcohols that are precursors for synthesis of triacylglycerols, and of phospholipids and cellular glucose in the liver and adipose tissue; fat catabolism results in the release of glycerol and fatty acids into the bloodstream to be used as an energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003443 increased circulating glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011973 abnormal circulating glycerol level elevated blood level of trihydroxy sugar alcohols that are precursors for synthesis of triacylglycerols, and of phospholipids and cellular glucose in the liver and adipose tissue; fat catabolism results in the release of glycerol and fatty acids into the bloodstream to be used as an energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003444 abnormal neurotransmitter uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission aberration in the reabsorption of endogenous signaling molecules released into a synaptic cleft; neurotransmitters are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003445 sirenomelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006279 abnormal limb development fusion of the caudal-most (posterior or lower) limbs often with partial or complete fusion of the autopods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003446 renal hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002989 small kidney decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the kidney, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003447 decreased tumor growth/size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003448 abnormal tumor morphology less than expected development of tumorous growth when compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003448 abnormal tumor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010639 abnormal tumor pathology any structural anomaly of a given tumor type compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003449 abnormal intestinal goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000511 abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the small and large intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus; the goblet cell is a highly polarized unicellular exocrine gland with the nucleus and other organelles concentrated at the base of the cell; the remainder of the cell's cytoplasm is occupied by membrane-bound secretory granules containing mucin; the goblet shape is due to the mucus laden granules in the apical part expanding, causing that part of the cell to balloon; the apical plasma membrane projects microvilli to give an increased surface area for secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003450 enlarged pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly increase of the size of the pancreas compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003451 absent olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000819 abnormal olfactory bulb morphology absence of the forebrain region that coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell; it receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003452 abnormal parotid gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008052 abnormal serous gland morphology any structural anomaly of either of the largest of the major salivary glands situated below and in front of each ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003453 abnormal keratinocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology abnormal function of the cells of the epidermis that produce keratin in the process of differentiating into the dead and fully keratinized cells of the stratum corneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003454 erythroderma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001194 dermatitis exfoliation and widespread, intense reddening of the skin due to inflammatory skin disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003455 decreased susceptibility to induced retina damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology reduced or absent pathological changes in the retina due to chemical or mechanical agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003456 absent tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology completely lacking the appendage at the caudal end of the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003457 abnormal circulating ketone body level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis aberrant amount of acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) and/or acetone in the blood, which are produced by fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and seen in conditions such as starvation and diabetes mellitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003458 decreased circulating ketone body level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003457 abnormal circulating ketone body level less than the normal amount of acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) and/or acetone in the blood, which are produced by fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and seen in conditions such as starvation and diabetes mellitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003459 increased fear-related response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003106 abnormal fear-related response greater emotional response related to anticipation of specific pain or danger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003460 decreased fear-related response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003106 abnormal fear-related response reduced emotional response related to anticipation of specific pain or danger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003461 abnormal response to novel object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003107 abnormal response to novelty altered behavioral reaction associated with exposing an animal to a novel object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003462 abnormal response to novel odor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020852 abnormal olfactory behavior altered behavioral reaction associated with exposing an animal to a novel odor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003463 abnormal single cell response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology altered values from controls obtained upon extra- or intracellular recordings from single cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003464 abnormal single cell response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003463 abnormal single cell response any change in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in a single cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003465 increased single cell response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003464 abnormal single cell response threshold increase in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in a single cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003466 decreased single cell response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003464 abnormal single cell response threshold reduction in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in a single cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003467 abnormal single cell response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003463 abnormal single cell response any change in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in a single cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003468 increased single cell response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003467 abnormal single cell response intensity increase in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in a single cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003469 decreased single cell response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003467 abnormal single cell response intensity reduction in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in a single cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003470 abnormal summary potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology anomaly in the electrophysiological recording of the activity of several cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003471 abnormal summary potential threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003470 abnormal summary potential any change in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in several cells or a tissue slice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003472 increased summary potential threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003471 abnormal summary potential threshold increase in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in several cells or a tissue slice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003473 decreased summary potential threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003471 abnormal summary potential threshold reduction in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in several cells or a tissue slice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003474 abnormal summary potential intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003470 abnormal summary potential any change in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in several cells or a tissue slice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003475 increased summary potential intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003474 abnormal summary potential intensity increase in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in several cells or a tissue slice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003476 decreased summary potential intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003474 abnormal summary potential intensity reduction in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in several cells or a tissue slice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003477 abnormal nerve fiber response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology anomaly in the electrophysiological recordings from a single or several nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003478 abnormal nerve fiber response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003477 abnormal nerve fiber response any change in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in a single or several nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003479 abnormal nerve fiber response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003477 abnormal nerve fiber response any change in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in a single or several nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003480 increased nerve fiber response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003479 abnormal nerve fiber response intensity increase in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in a single or several nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003481 decreased nerve fiber response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003479 abnormal nerve fiber response intensity reduction in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded in a single or several nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003482 increased nerve fiber response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003478 abnormal nerve fiber response threshold increase in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in a single or several nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003483 decreased nerve fiber response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003478 abnormal nerve fiber response threshold reduction in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded in a single or several nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003484 abnormal channel response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission anomalies in the electrophysiological recordings from ion channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003485 abnormal channel response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003484 abnormal channel response any change in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded from ion channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003486 abnormal channel response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003484 abnormal channel response any change in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded from ion channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003487 increased channel response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003486 abnormal channel response intensity increase in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded from ion channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003488 decreased channel response intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003486 abnormal channel response intensity reduction in the value for changes in the degree of de- or hyperpolarization or number of action potentials in response to a specific stimulus recorded from ion channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003489 increased channel response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003485 abnormal channel response threshold increase in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded from ion channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003490 decreased channel response threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003485 abnormal channel response threshold reduction in the value at which a stimulus first elicits a recordable response recorded from ion channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement anomaly in coordinated movements executed with a purpose and can be improved by learning and/or experience http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003492 abnormal involuntary movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement anomaly in movements that occur independent of planning (e.g. reflexive behavior) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003493 parathyroid gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003112 enlarged parathyroid gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the parathyroid gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003494 parathyroid hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003113 small parathyroid gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the parathyroid gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003495 increased parathyroid adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the parathyroid gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003496 increased thyroid adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the thyroid gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003497 insensitivity to parathyroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003638 abnormal response/metabolism to endogenous compounds no changes in calcium homeostasis in response to endogenous or exogenous hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003498 thyroid gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005355 enlarged thyroid gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thyroid gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003499 thyroid gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002951 small thyroid gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thyroid gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003501 iodide oxidation defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002876 abnormal thyroid gland physiology thyroid defect in oxidation and organification of iodide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003502 increased activity of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002876 abnormal thyroid gland physiology increased function of this endocrine gland that normally produces hormones that regulate the metabolic rate of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003503 decreased activity of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002876 abnormal thyroid gland physiology reduced function of this endocrine gland that normally produces hormones that regulate the metabolic rate of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003504 thyroid gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002876 abnormal thyroid gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003505 increased prolactinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010350 increased pituitary adenohypophysis tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a pituitary adenoma characterized by secretion of prolactin, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003506 acromegaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001746 abnormal pituitary secretion excessive secretion of growth hormone resulting in progressive enlargement of the face, hands, feet, head, and thorax; organomegaly and impaired glucose homeostasis may ensue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003507 abnormal ovary physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013326 abnormal female reproductive gland physiology any functional anomaly of the ovarian follicle for the production of female germ cells or the endocrine cells for the production of estrogen and progesterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003508 abnormal circulating dihydrotestosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009819 abnormal circulating androgen level aberration in the blood concentration of a potent androgenic metabolite of testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003509 increased circulating dihydrotestosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003508 abnormal circulating dihydrotestosterone level greater than normal blood concentration of this potent androgenic metabolite of testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003510 decreased circulating dihydrotestosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003508 abnormal circulating dihydrotestosterone level reduction in the blood concentration of a potent androgenic metabolite of testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003511 abnormal labium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) and outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003512 enlarged labia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003511 abnormal labium morphology increased size of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) and outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003513 small labia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003511 abnormal labium morphology decreased size of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) and outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003514 interlabial sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003511 abnormal labium morphology the presence of grooves or furrows in the folds of skin which lips on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003515 abnormal labia majora morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003511 abnormal labium morphology any structural anomaly of the folds of skin which form the outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003516 absent labia majora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003515 abnormal labia majora morphology absence of the folds of skin which form the outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003517 enlarged labia majora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003515 abnormal labia majora morphology increased size of the folds of skin which form the outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003518 small labia majora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003515 abnormal labia majora morphology reduced size of the folds of skin which form the outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003519 splayed labia majora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003515 abnormal labia majora morphology flattened or spread out appearance of the folds of skin which form the outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003520 abnormal labia minora morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003511 abnormal labium morphology any structural anomaly of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003521 absent labia minora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003520 abnormal labia minora morphology absence of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003522 enlarged labia minora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003520 abnormal labia minora morphology increased size of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003523 small labia minora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003520 abnormal labia minora morphology reduced size of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003524 splayed labia minora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003520 abnormal labia minora morphology flattened or spread out appearance of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) on both sides of the vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003525 vulva warts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology benign epithelial growths of the external genitalia of the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003526 vulva cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003527 small vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology decreased size of the external genitalia of the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003528 enlarged vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology increased size of the external genitalia of the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003529 enlarged clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009100 abnormal clitoris size increased size of the small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003530 small clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009100 abnormal clitoris size reduced size of the small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003531 abnormal vagina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development abnormal morphogenesis of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003533 bifid vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology cleft of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva into two parts or branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003534 blind vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology presence the female reproductive canal that ends in a sac and does not connect to internal genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003535 absent vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology absence of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003536 vagina dryness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology lack of the normal presence or reduced presence of secretions in the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003537 hydrometrocolpos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology collection of fluid in the vagina; often due to a congenital obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003538 abnormal hymen development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001142 abnormal vagina orifice morphology anomaly in the morphogenesis of the thin membrane which may partially occlude the opening of the vagina; often absent in normal females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003539 absent hymen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003538 abnormal hymen development absence of the thin membrane which may partially occlude the opening of the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003540 imperforate hymen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003538 abnormal hymen development absence of the normal opening of the thin membrane which may partially occlude the opening of the vagina; here the opening is completely occluded http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003541 vaginal inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031162 abnormal vagina physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003542 abnormal vascular endothelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development anomaly in the differentiation of the cells that line the vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003543 abnormal vascular endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation anomaly in the process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003544 abnormal vascular endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003542 abnormal vascular endothelial cell development anomaly in the movement of endothelial cell or their precursors to the appropriate location in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003545 increased alcohol consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011941 increased fluid intake greater than normal consumption of alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003546 decreased alcohol consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011942 decreased fluid intake less than normal consumption of alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003547 abnormal pulmonary pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology altered tension of the blood within the pulmonary arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003548 pulmonary hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004012 increased pulmonary artery pressure sustained high pulmonary pressure at a level that is likely to result in disease and/or other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003549 pulmonary hypotension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004013 decreased pulmonary artery pressure sustained low pulmonary pressure at a level that is likely to result in disease and/or other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003550 short perineum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005189 abnormal anogenital distance reduced length of the area between the genital organs and the anus that lies beneath the pelvic diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003551 blind perineal pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003315 abnormal perineum morphology opening in the perineum leading to a blind-ending sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003552 vagina cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more benign epithelial growths in the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003553 abnormal foreskin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology any structural anomaly of the loose fold of skin that covers the penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003554 phimosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology inability of the penis to protrude from the prepuce/foreskin; may be due to a narrow opening of the foreskin resulting in the inability to retract the distal foreskin over the glans penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003555 chordee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology acute angulation of the penis upon erection; often painful and due to disease or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003557 absent vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002769 abnormal vas deferens morphology absence of the secretory duct of the testicle that carries spermatozoa, running from the epididymis, of which it is the continuation, to the prostatic urethra where it terminates to form ejaculatory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003558 absent uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology absence of the female muscular organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003559 bifid uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology cleft of the female muscular organ of gestation into two parts or branches, often having the appearance of two lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003560 osteoarthritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002993 arthritis a type of arthritis that results in the breakdown and eventual loss of the articular cartilage of one or more joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003561 rheumatoid arthritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002993 arthritis an autoimmune response that primarily affects connective tissue; it also results in chronic inflammation of the joints, especially of the hands and feet and may also cause inflammation of the tissue around the joints, as well as other organs in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003562 abnormal pancreatic beta cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010147 abnormal endocrine pancreas physiology anomaly in the function of the cells that secrete insulin and are located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003563 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010147 abnormal endocrine pancreas physiology anomaly in the function of the glucagon-producing cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003564 abnormal insulin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014195 abnormal endocrine pancreas secretion anomaly in the production or release of the hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas that promotes glucose utilization, protein synthesis, and the formation and storage of neutral lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003565 abnormal glucagon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014195 abnormal endocrine pancreas secretion anomaly in the production or release of this hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans; it normally plays a role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003566 abnormal cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology altered ability of a cell to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003567 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011390 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte physiology anomaly in the ability of the differentiating cardiac muscle cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003568 uterus atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology congenital absence of the normal opening or lumen of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003569 increased leiomyoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010290 increased muscle tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor derived from smooth (nonstriated) muscle, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003570 increased uterus leiomyoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009222 increased uterus tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor derived from smooth (nonstriated) muscle of the uterus, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003571 uterus rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology tearing of the uterine tissue; may be due to trauma or pregnancy complications http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003572 abnormal uterus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development abnormal morphogenesis of the female muscular organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003574 abnormal oviduct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009209 abnormal internal female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003575 absent oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003574 abnormal oviduct morphology absence of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003576 oviduct hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009070 small oviduct decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the oviduct, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003578 absent ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005644 agonadal absence of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003579 increased ovarian carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008000 increased ovary tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm arising from ovarian tissue, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003580 increased fibroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003581 increased ovarian fibroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008000 increased ovary tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue in the ovary, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003582 abnormal ovary development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development abnormal morphogenesis of the ovarian follicle for the production of female germ cells or the endocrine cells for the production of estrogen and progesterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003584 bifid ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology two ureters join before draining into the urinary bladder; a duplex kidney with a bifid renal pelvis or bifid ureter ensues when a single ureteral bud bifurcates before the ampulla bifurcates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003585 large ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology increased size or length of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003586 dilated ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology abnormal distention of one or both ureters due to accumulation of fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003587 ureter obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology a partial or total blockage in any part of the ureter causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the urinary bladder; may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, acute or chronic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003588 ureter stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003589 abnormal ureter physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005502 abnormal renal/urinary system physiology any functional anomaly of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003590 ureteral reflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003589 abnormal ureter physiology retrograde movement of urine from the bladder to the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003591 urethra atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology closure, or failure to develop a connection in the canal that leads from the bladder and discharges urine externally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003592 urethra stricture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction at one or more points in the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003593 urethrovaginal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology an abnormal anatomical passage connecting the urethra and the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003594 small urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology decreased size or length of the canal that leads from the bladder and discharges urine externally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003595 epididymal cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more benign growths in the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003596 epididymis inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014190 abnormal epididymis physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003597 increased epididymal cystadenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013751 increased cystadenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization and a cyst-like appearance arising from epididymal tissue, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003598 epispadia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011796 abnormal external urethral orifice morphology congenital absence of the upper wall of the urethra, occurring in both sexes, but more often in the male, with the urethral opening somewhere on the dorsum of the penis at any point below the internal sphincter; in females, the malformed urethral opening is often located aberrantly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003599 large penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology enlarged size of the organ of copulation and urination in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003600 ectopic kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology a kidney located outside of its normal position usually due to failed migration of the ureteral bud and developing metanephric blastema to the renal fossa; the most common example of renal ectopia is a pelvic kidney; other sites of ectopic kidneys include the iliac region, the abdomen, the chest, and, in some cases, the contralateral side, referred to as crossed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003601 bifid kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology cleft of the kidney into two parts or branches, often having the appearance of two lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003602 increased renal hamartoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010306 increased hamartoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign formation of a mass of tissue of disproportionate size and distribution in the kidney, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; hamartomas are typically composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in this tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003603 increased renal hemangioblastoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010294 increased kidney tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign cyst-like tumor of the kidney that is composed of multiple capillary and sinusoidal channels lined with endothelial cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003604 single kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology presence of only one of the paired organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003605 fused kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology a defect in which there is a single malformed organ resulting from partial or complete fusion of the two renal anlage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003606 kidney failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology failure of the kidneys to adequately filter toxins and waste products from the blood; classified as acute (as in acute kidney injury) or chronic (as in chronic kidney disease); a number of other diseases or health problems may cause either form of renal failure to occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003607 abnormal prostate gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003608 prostate gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003607 abnormal prostate gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003609 small scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002669 abnormal scrotum morphology reduced size of the external sac of skin that encloses the testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003610 scrotum hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001150 enlarged scrotum increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the external sac of skin that encloses the testes, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003611 scrotum hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003609 small scrotum decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the scrotum, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003612 bifid scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002669 abnormal scrotum morphology cleft of the scrotum into two parts or branches, often having the appearance of two lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003613 abnormal kidney medulla development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology anomaly in the differentiation of the inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003614 urinary bladder prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology hernial protrusion of the urinary bladder, usually through the vaginal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003615 urinary bladder diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology a pouch or sac protruding from the urinary bladder wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003616 abnormal urachus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous remnant of the allantoic stalk, a narrow fetal canal connecting the apex of the urinary bladder with the umbilicus located in the space of Retzius, between the transversalis fascia anteriorly and the peritoneum posteriorly. its lumen is normally obliterated during development, transforming the urachus into a solid cord, a functionless remnant that persists throughout life as the median umbilical ligament; failure of complete lumen obliteration may result in distinct congenital urachal remnant anomalies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003617 urinary bladder hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the urinary bladder, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003618 uterine cervical atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001135 abnormal uterine cervix morphology narrowing of the cervical opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003619 abnormal urine color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any alteration from the usual straw-coloration of the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003620 oliguria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031358 decreased urine output a reduction in the volume of urine produced and excreted; however, some urine is still produced http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003621 dysuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination difficult or painful urination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003622 ischuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010386 abnormal urinary bladder physiology upon urination, some urine is retained in the bladder instead of being excreted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003623 hydrocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology accumulation of fluid around testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003624 anuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031358 decreased urine output inability to form or excrete urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003625 kidney medulla hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the kidney medulla, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003626 kidney medulla hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the kidney medulla, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003627 abnormal leukocyte tethering or rolling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009858 abnormal cellular extravasation anomaly in the transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels mediated primarily by selectins and which are typically the first step in cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003628 abnormal leukocyte adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003156 abnormal leukocyte migration anomaly in the number of or process by which leukocytes adhere to the luminal aspects of high endothelial venules prior to transmigration out of the vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003630 abnormal urothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial lining of the lumen of the organs of the urinary tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003631 nervous system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the extensive, intricate network of electochemical structures in the body that is comprised of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia and parts of the receptor organs that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003631 nervous system phenotype any structural anomaly of the extensive, intricate network of electochemical structures in the body that is comprised of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia and parts of the receptor organs that receive and interpret stimuli and transmit impulses to effector organs to control body functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003631 nervous system phenotype any functional anomaly of the extensive, intricate network of electochemical structures in the body that is comprised of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia and parts of the receptor organs that receive and interpret stimuli and transmit impulses to effector organs to control body functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003634 abnormal glial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of non-neuronal cells of the nervous system that form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021009 abnormal synaptic physiology defect in the communication from a neuron to a target across a synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003637 cochlear ganglion hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003986 small cochlear ganglion decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the cochlear ganglion, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003638 abnormal response/metabolism to endogenous compounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism altered ability or inability to metabolize or respond to substances normally present in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003639 abnormal response to vitamins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004019 abnormal vitamin homeostasis altered ability or inability to respond to or metabolize a group of organic substances that are required in trace amounts for the normal metabolic homeostasis of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003641 small lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004881 abnormal lung size reduced size of the lung compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003642 absent seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology absence of the two folded, sac shaped, glands that is a diverticulum of the ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003643 spleen atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000692 small spleen acquired diminution of the size of the spleen associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003644 thymus atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000706 small thymus acquired diminution of the size of the thymus associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003645 increased pancreatic beta cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020578 abnormal pancreatic beta cell number greater than normal number of the cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003646 increased muscle fatigability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology increased muscle exhaustion or increased susceptibility to muscle exhaustion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003647 absent oligodendrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009808 decreased oligodendrocyte number absence of the neuroglia of the central nervous system that form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the CNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003648 abnormal radial glial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation any structural anomaly of the supporting cells of the developing central nervous system that guide neuronal migration during development and exchange metabolites with developing and migrating neurons; these cells differentiate into astrocytes and some neuronal types in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003649 decreased heart right ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031544 decreased heart ventricle size less than average size of the right ventricle compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003651 abnormal axon extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation abnormality in the ability of an axon to exhibit long distance growth of a single axon process from a neuron cell body involved in cellular development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003652 abnormal skin turgor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001191 abnormal skin condition anomaly in the ability of the skin to resist deformation; influential factors include dehydration and age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003653 decreased skin turgor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003652 abnormal skin turgor reduced ability of the skin to resist deformation; influential factors include dehydration and age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003654 nasal bone hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004474 enlarged nasal bone increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the bone that forms the nasal bridge, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003655 absent pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology absence of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003656 abnormal erythrocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012382 abnormal blood cell physiology aberrant measurable or observable characteristic related to the function of or processes in the cells in the blood that carry oxygen, red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003657 abnormal erythrocyte osmotic lysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010163 hemolysis increase or decrease in the ability of RBCs to withstand changes in osmolarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003658 abnormal capillary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the small branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules, where the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other nutrient and waste chemical substances occurs between the blood and the surrounding tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003659 abnormal lymph circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010368 abnormal lymphatic system physiology abnormalities in the flow of the lymph from the tissues into the veins of the circulatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003660 chylothorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010334 pleural effusion an accumulation of chyle in the pleural space; chyle is fluid consisting of lymph and emulsified fats that is formed in the small intestine during digestion of fatty foods and taken up by the lymph vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003661 abnormal locus ceruleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology any structural anomaly of a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons; it is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003662 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003055 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology any anomaly of the germinal layer of the epiphyseal plate where cells are actively dividing as well as producing extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003663 abnormal thermosensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002067 abnormal sensory capabilities/reflexes/nociception defect in the ability to sense or display a preference for a given temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003664 ocular pterygium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001310 abnormal conjunctiva morphology abnormal mass of hypertrophied bulbar subconjunctival tissue arising from the conjunctiva of the inner corner of the eye that obstructs vision by growing over the cornea towards the pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003665 endophthalmitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation inflammation of the internal structures of the tissues in the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003666 impaired sperm capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013286 abnormal sperm capacitation reduced ability or inability of spermatozoa to undergo the series of morphological and molecular maturational processes in the female genital tract that enable them to penetrate and fertilize an egg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003667 increased hemangiosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002032 increased sarcoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant tumor characterized by rapidly proliferating, extensively infiltrating, anaplastic cells derived from blood vessels and appear as irregular blood-filled or lumpy sacs that are typically filled with blood; rupture of the tumor can cause rapid death from bleeding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003668 abnormal periodontal ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030131 abnormal periodontium morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone; normally extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003669 periodontal ligament hypercellularity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003668 abnormal periodontal ligament morphology increased cell density of the periodontal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003670 dilated renal glomerular capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002828 abnormal renal glomerular capsule morphology stretched or widened aperture of the expanded beginning of a nephron that contains the glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003671 abnormal eyelid aperture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology any anomaly in the normal distance from one eyelid to the other, or closure of the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003672 abnormal ureter development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003942 abnormal urinary system development any anomaly in the differentiation of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003673 abnormal inguinal canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology any structural anomaly of the passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord in the male or the round ligament in the female, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum or labia majora, respectively http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003674 oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003186 abnormal redox activity condition characterized by an accumulation of free radical groups in the body, which creates a potentially unstable and damaging cellular environment linked to tissue damage, accelerated aging, and degenerative disease; can result from many factors, including exposure to alcohol, medications, poor nutrition, trauma, cold or toxins; may be indicated by low antioxidant levels measured in blood plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003675 kidney cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in any portion of the pair of organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003677 abnormal ear lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology any structural anomaly in the soft tissue at the base of the outer ear; consists of fat and fibrous tissue not reinforced by the auricular cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003678 absent ear lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003677 abnormal ear lobe morphology missing the soft tissue at the base of the outer ear; consists of fat and fibrous tissue not reinforced by the auricular cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003679 ear lobe hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003677 abnormal ear lobe morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ear lobe, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003680 thick ear lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003677 abnormal ear lobe morphology an increase in the fleshiness of the ear lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003681 protruding ear lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003677 abnormal ear lobe morphology ear lobes that project outward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003682 linear crease in ear lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003677 abnormal ear lobe morphology appearance of fold-like marks in the ear lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003683 prominent ear lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003681 protruding ear lobes conspicuous appearance of the ear lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003684 abnormal inferior olivary complex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000846 abnormal medulla oblongata morphology any structural anomaly in the capsule-shaped structure in the ventral medulla located just lateral and dorsal to the medullary pyramids; neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus are the source of climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex and have been implicated in various functions, such as learning and timing of movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003685 abnormal cardiac ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001034 abnormal parasympathetic ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the parasympathetic ganglia of the cardiac plexus between the arch of the aorta and the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003686 abnormal eye muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003687 abnormal intraocular muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003686 abnormal eye muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth muscles within the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003688 ophthalmoparesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001389 abnormal eye movement loss of strength in the muscles that control eye movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003689 ophthalmoplegia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology paralysis of the ocular muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003690 abnormal glial cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of non-neuronal cells of the central nervous system that form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003691 abnormal microglial cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003690 abnormal glial cell physiology any functional anomaly of the small, migratory, phagocytic, interstitial cells derived from myeloid progenitor cells and found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system; microglia are scavengers, engulfing dead cells and other debris, and in Alzheimer's disease, microglia are found associated with dying nerve cells and amyloid plaques http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003692 xanthoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis a deposit of cholesterol rich material in a tissue, most often in the skin but also seen in tendons and in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003693 abnormal blastocyst hatching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009781 abnormal preimplantation embryo development any anomaly of the hatching of the cellular blastocyst from the zona pellucida, the thick solid transparent outer membrane that surrounds the developing ovum and embryo prior to implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003694 failure of blastocyst to hatch from the zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003693 abnormal blastocyst hatching the hatching of the cellular blastocyst from the zona pellucida, the thick solid transparent outer membrane that surrounds the developing ovum and embryo prior to implantation, fails to occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003695 delayed blastocyst hatching from the zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003693 abnormal blastocyst hatching the hatching of the cellular blastocyst from the zona pellucida, the thick solid transparent outer membrane that surrounds the developing ovum and embryo prior to implantation, occurs later in development than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003696 abnormal zona pellucida morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001125 abnormal oocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the thick solid transparent outer membrane that surrounds the developing ovum and embryo prior to implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003697 absent zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003696 abnormal zona pellucida morphology missing the thick solid transparent outer membrane that surrounds the developing ovum and embryo prior to implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003698 abnormal male reproductive system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology any functional anomaly of the male organs associated with producing offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology any functional anomaly of the female organs associated with producing offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003700 abnormal oviduct transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012018 abnormal oviduct physiology increased or decreased rate of passage of embryos or oocytes from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003701 elevated level of mitotic sister chromatid exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis increased number of crossovers between sister chromatids during mitosis resulting in increased numbers of reciprocal exchanges of DNA between the two chromosomes; normally crossover exchanges are supressed during mitosis and only occur in meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003702 abnormal chromosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the compact, intertwined molecules of DNA found in the nucleus which carry genetic information http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003703 abnormal vestibulocochlear ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development any structural anomaly of the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003704 abnormal hair follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020982 abnormal skin adnexa development any anomaly in the development of the tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003705 abnormal hypodermis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology any structural anomaly of the irregular layer of loose connective tissue containing fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages, that is immediately deep to the skin and superficial to the deep fascia; usually consisting primarily of a fatty layer and may also include a muscle layer and/or a fibrous layer, or it may occur as a membranous layer only, being nearly devoid of fat; it contains skin ligaments extending between the dermis and deep fascia, cutaneous nerves, and superficial vessels, with terminal branches passing into the skin layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003706 abnormal cell nucleus count http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology absent or greater than one nuclei present per cell body when one is expected; often due to failed cytokinesis or events leading to apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003707 increased cell nucleus count http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003706 abnormal cell nucleus count greater than one nuclei present per cell body when one is expected; often due to failed cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003708 binucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003707 increased cell nucleus count two nuclei present per cell body when one is expected; often due to failed cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003709 anucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003706 abnormal cell nucleus count absent nucleus of a cell body when one is expected; often due to events leading to apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003710 abnormal physiological neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000260 abnormal angiogenesis anomalies in the development of new blood vessels in restoration of blood circulation during the healing process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003711 pathological neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000249 abnormal blood vessel physiology the proliferation of blood vessels in abnormal tissues or in abnormal positions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003712 raised ear position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000023 abnormal ear position outer ears which are situated above the normal location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003713 abnormal ear rotation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000023 abnormal ear position outer ears that are positioned such that the ears are turned relative to the anterior-posterior body axis, but the ears emerge from the head at the usual position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003714 absent platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003179 thrombocytopenia lack of non-nucleated cells found in the blood and involved in blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003715 posteriorly rotated ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003713 abnormal ear rotation outer ears that are positioned such that the ears are turned backwards relative to the anterior-posterior body axis, but the ears emerge from the head at the usual position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003716 anteriorly rotated ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003713 abnormal ear rotation outer ears that are positioned such that the ears are turned forward relative to the anterior-posterior body axis, but the ears emerge from the head at the usual position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003717 pallor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance an unnatural paleness to the skin, generally attributable to anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003718 maternal effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005384 cellular phenotype expression of a phenotypic trait in a female animal's offspring that is dependent on the maternal genotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003719 abnormal pericyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue cells that occurs around capillaries or other small blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003720 abnormal neural tube closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any anomaly in the last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003721 increased tumor growth/size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003448 abnormal tumor morphology greater than expected development of tumorous growth when compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003722 absent ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology missing the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009250 abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the bones that consist of a tubular shaft (diaphysis) and two ends that are wider than the shaft (epiphysis); long bones include the femora, tibiae, and fibulae, and the humeri, radii, and ulnae of the limbs; metacarpals and metatarsals of the autopods, the phalanges of the digits, and the clavicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003724 increased susceptibility to induced arthritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder more likely to be stricken with changes in the synovial membranes and thickening of articular structures, widespread degeneration of the collagen fibers in connective tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures that are induced by inflammatory responses caused by chemical or mechanical agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003725 increased autoantibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001844 autoimmune response elevated level of antibodies to self-antigens present in the sera; often indicative of autoimmune disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003726 decreased autoantibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001844 autoimmune response reduced level of antibodies to self-antigens present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003727 abnormal retina layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any structural anomaly of any of the layers that make up the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003728 abnormal retina photoreceptor layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the photoreceptor layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001004 abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the photoreceptor region that is rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001004 abnormal retina photoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the photoreceptor region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003731 abnormal retina outer nuclear layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003732 abnormal retina outer plexiform layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal layer that is the site of synapses between the rods and cones (axons) and the horizontal and bipolar cells (dendrites) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003733 abnormal retina inner nuclear layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal layer that contains the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003734 abnormal retina inner plexiform layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal cell layer where bipolar and amacrine cell axons synapse with ganglion cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003735 cup-shaped ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000022 abnormal ear shape deeply concave appearance to the outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003736 folded helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000022 abnormal ear shape the bending over of the upper cartilaginous rim of the outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003737 ossification of pinnae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology formation of bone in the outer ear, which is normally cartilaginous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003739 dense middle ear ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology thickening of the three small bones of the middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003740 fusion of middle ear ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology union of the three small bones of the middle ear into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003741 tinnitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001963 abnormal hearing physiology persistent sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking, or other noises in the ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003742 narrow head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape a shorter ear- to -ear distance resulting in the appearance of a thin face and a protruding nasal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology any structural anomaly of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the mouth and consists of stratified squamous epithelium termed oral epithelium and an underlying connective tissue termed lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003746 stomatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response inflammation of the mucous lining of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003747 mouth mucosal ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology lesions through the mucous membrane of the mouth, usually associated with loss of tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003748 increased oral mucosa hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003750 increased mouth tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells in the oral mucosa, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003749 down-turned corners of mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031501 abnormal mouth shape the lateral points of the oral cavity opening appear in a lower position that the rest of the lips http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003750 increased mouth tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010292 increased alimentary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the mouth tissues, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003751 oral leukoplakia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology white patchy lesions of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity; often considered a precancerous condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003752 increased oral papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003750 increased mouth tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign tumors consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic epithelial cells in the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003753 increased lip papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003780 increased lip tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial tumor of the lip of the oral cavity, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003754 increased gingival papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003752 increased oral papilloma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial tumor of the oral gum tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly of the roof of the mouth in vertebrates formed anteriorly by a bony projection of the upper jaw (hard palate) and posteriorly by the fold of connective tissue (soft palate) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003756 abnormal hard palate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013550 abnormal secondary palate morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior part of the palate that is supported by and includes the palatal extensions of the maxillary and palatine bones in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003757 high palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology greater distance upward to the roof of the oral cavity than usual http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003758 narrow palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology abnormally slim shape to the roof of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003759 broad palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology abnormally wide shape to the roof of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003760 decreased palatal length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003764 abnormal palatal length reduction in the average distance of the deepest point in the midline of the palate relative to the midline point on the anterior crest of the alveolar gum pad ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003761 arched palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology abnormally concaved shape to the roof of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003762 abnormal immune organ physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology any functional anomaly of the organs of the immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003763 abnormal thymus physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013561 abnormal endocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the primary lymphoid organ that is required for immune system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003764 abnormal palatal length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology any change in the average distance of the deepest point in the midline of the palate relative to the midline point on the anterior crest of the alveolar gum pad ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003765 increased palatal length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003764 abnormal palatal length greater than average distance of the deepest point in the midline of the palate relative to the midline point on the anterior crest of the alveolar gum pad ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003767 palate inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins and leukocytes in the palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003768 palatal telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004175 telangiectasia vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels in the palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology any structural anomaly of the fleshy margins of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003770 lip ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology lesions through the mucous membrane of the inner surface of the lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003771 abnormal lip shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology changes in the characteristic contours of the fleshy margins of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003772 lip pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology an abnormal hollow or depression in the fleshy margins of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003773 eclabion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology an outward turning of the inner surface of the lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003774 thick lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology lips having an abundance and often an excess of soft tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003775 thin lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology lips having a reduced amount of soft tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003776 lip atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology acquired diminution of the size of the lip tissue associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003777 lip inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins and leukocytes in the lips http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003778 lip telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004175 telangiectasia vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels in the lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003779 lip cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled membranous sacs in one or both lips http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003780 increased lip tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008018 increased facial tumor incidence greater than the expected number of abnormal rapidly proliferating cells in the lip, usually in the form of a distinct mass, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003781 increased lip neuroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a tumor derived from nerve cells or fibers residing in the lip, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003782 short lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology lip that does not extend fully to the normal placement and meet the opposite lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003783 tented upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012523 abnormal upper lip morphology an upper lip having an inverted V- shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003784 thin lip vermilion border http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology reduced thickness of the line between the lip and the facial skin around the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003785 lip mucosal nodules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology small mass of tissue or aggregation of cells in the mucosal tissue of the inner lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003786 premature aging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010768 mortality/aging earlier than normal occurrence of the normal signs of aging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003787 abnormal imprinting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012167 abnormal epigenetic regulation of gene expression defects in the establishment of heritable alterations in the activity of a gene that depend on whether it passed through the paternal or the maternal germline, but that are not encoded by DNA itself http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003789 increased osteosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010280 increased skeletal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm derived form mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts or osteocytes, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; osteosarcoma is a highly invasive and destructive tumor rising in the skeleton with osteoid and immature woven bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003790 absent CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008075 decreased CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number lack of the set of single-positive T cells that express CD4 on their surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003791 abnormal minor salivary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the smaller, largely mucus-secreting, exocrine glands of the oral cavity, consisting of the labial, buccal, molar, lingual, and palatine glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003792 abnormal major salivary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the three largest glands of the oral cavity that secrete most of the saliva, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003793 abnormal submandibular gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003792 abnormal major salivary gland morphology any structural anomaly of either of the large major salivary glands situated beneath the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003794 delayed somite formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development late onset of the induction and/or differentiation of the somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology anomaly in the composite material or the layered arrangement of the bony endoskeleton of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003797 abnormal compact bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of the outer layers of solid, hard bone that covers spongy bone; consists of parallel osteons containing mineral deposits and interstitial lamellae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003798 abnormal Harderian gland pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009389 abnormal extracutaneous pigmentation any anomaly in the coloring of the sebaceous gland located behind the eyeball in the orbit that excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the third eyelid, due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003799 impaired macrophage chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010760 abnormal macrophage chemotaxis reduced diffusion or accumulation of macrophages in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003800 monodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology having only one toe or digit on each extremity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003806 abnormal nucleotide metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleotide, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003807 camptodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology permanent flexion of one or more digits; contractures may also be seen in the wrists and at the elbows http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003808 increased atrioventricular cushion size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000297 abnormal atrioventricular cushion morphology larger than normal mounds of embryonic connective tissue that bulge into the fetal atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030572 abnormal pilosebaceous unit morphology any structural anomaly of the cuticle, cortex and/or medulla of a hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003810 abnormal hair cuticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology anomalies in the thin, smooth and glossy outer protective cell layer of hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003811 abnormal hair cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology any structural anomaly in the spindle shaped cells of the hair shaft that contains keratin fibrils and matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003812 abnormal hair medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology anomalies of hair medullary cell formation and arrangement of the innermost core of the hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003813 abnormal hair follicle dermal papilla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010681 abnormal hair follicle bulb morphology any structural anomaly of the mesodermal signaling center of the hair follicle consisting of closely packed specialized mesenchymal fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003814 vascular smooth muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005592 abnormal vascular smooth muscle morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vascular smooth muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003815 hairless http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth having no hair at any time throughout lifespan, generally referring to primary genetic hairlessness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003816 abnormal pituitary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development malformation or incomplete differentiation of the compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus, which secretes somatotropins, prolactin, TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), gonadotropins, adrenal corticotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003817 abnormal pituitary diverticulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013337 abnormal adenohypophysis development any structural anomaly of a tubular outgrowth of ectoderm from the stomodeum of the embryo; the outgrowth grows toward the infundibular process of the diencephalon, around which it forms a cup-like mass, giving rise to the pars distalis and pars juxtaneuralis of the hypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003818 abnormal eye muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development malformation or arrest of differentiation of the muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003819 increased left ventricle diastolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010754 abnormal heart left ventricle pressure increase in the pressure in the left ventricle between heart beats when the heart is relaxed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003820 increased left ventricle systolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010754 abnormal heart left ventricle pressure increase in the pressure in the left ventricle as the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003821 decreased left ventricle diastolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010754 abnormal heart left ventricle pressure decrease in the pressure in the left ventricle between heart beats when the heart is relaxed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003822 decreased left ventricle systolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010754 abnormal heart left ventricle pressure decrease in the pressure in the left ventricle as the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003823 increased left ventricle developed pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010754 abnormal heart left ventricle pressure increase in the difference between left ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003824 decreased left ventricle developed pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010754 abnormal heart left ventricle pressure decrease in the difference between left ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003825 abnormal pillar cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004300 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell morphology any structural anomaly of the supporting cells that form the inner and outer walls of the tunnel in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003826 abnormal Mullerian duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008487 abnormal mesonephros morphology any structural anomaly of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and in the female develop into the oviducts, uterus, and vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003827 abnormal Wolffian duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008487 abnormal mesonephros morphology any structural anomaly of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and later develop into the ductus deferens in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003828 pulmonary edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema an accumulation of an excessive amount of serous fluid in the parenchyma and the alveoli via effusion of intravascular fluid from the pulmonary vascular bed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003829 impaired febrile response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001777 abnormal body temperature homeostasis reduced or absent febrile response to exogenous or endogenous pyrogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003830 abnormal testis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development abnormal morphogenesis of the male reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003833 decreased satellite cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology less than the normal number of unfused cells in muscle that play a role in muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003834 abnormal adrenergic chromaffin cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008504 abnormal adrenal chromaffin cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neuroendocrine cells of the medulla of the adrenal gland that are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and that are responsible for epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003838 abnormal milk ejection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex anomaly of the milk ejection reflex in response to suckling during lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003839 abnormal insulin clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis increase or decrease in the rate at which insulin is removed from the blood stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003840 abnormal coronal suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones and the frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003841 abnormal lambdoid suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the superior border of the occipital bone and the posterior borders of the right and left parietal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003842 abnormal metopic suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the frontal bones from the sagittal suture to the root of the nose; it is visible in neonates and juveniles, but it is frequently obliterated in some adult organisms; in mice and rats, the posterior frontal (PF) suture, situated between the frontal bones, is analogous to the human metopic suture; the anterior landmark for the PF suture is the jugum limitans; the posterior landmark for the PF suture is the bregma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003843 abnormal sagittal suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003844 abnormal squamoparietal suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the squamous part of the temporal bone and the inferior aspect of the parietal bone; posteriorly, the squamous suture becomes the parietomastoid suture where the mastoid process articulates with the parietal bone; anteriorly, the squamous suture extends towards the pterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003845 abnormal decidualization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004014 abnormal uterine environment atypical cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation; this process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta; expected changes include the eosinophilic proliferation around arterioles after ovulation or progesterone action on endometrium which increases glandular epithelial secretion, stimulates glycogen accumulation in stromal cell cytoplasm, and promotes stromal vascularity (spiral arterioles) and edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003846 matted coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002074 abnormal hair texture coat hairs sticks together to form clumps and does not lie flat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003847 disorganized lens bow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology derangement of the area where the lens epithelium pushes into the lens proper and forms new lens fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003848 brittle hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002074 abnormal hair texture hair is susceptible to breakage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003849 greasy coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance fur is oily in appearance or texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003850 abnormal thymocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003763 abnormal thymus physiology anomaly in the process of producing activated thymocytes from naive thymocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003851 skeletal muscle interstitial fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009419 skeletal muscle fibrosis formation of fibrous tissue within the interstices of skeletal muscle as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003852 skeletal muscle necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of skeletal muscle tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003853 dry skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance skin characterized by the lack of natural or normal moisture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003854 abnormal forelimb stylopod morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000550 abnormal forelimb morphology any structural anomaly of the proximal element of the forelimb including the humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003855 abnormal forelimb zeugopod morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000550 abnormal forelimb morphology any structural anomaly of the distal elements of the forelimb including the radius and ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003856 abnormal hindlimb stylopod morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000556 abnormal hindlimb morphology any structural anomaly of the proximal element of the hindlimb including the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003857 abnormal hindlimb zeugopod morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000556 abnormal hindlimb morphology any structural anomaly of the distal elements of the hindlimb including the tibia and fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003858 enhanced coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance improved ability to execute integrated movements of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003859 abnormal Harderian gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013557 abnormal merocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the retroocular sebaceous gland found within the orbit of mammals that possess a nictitating membrane (third eyelid); the chief products of the gland vary between different groups of vertebrates, and epithelial cells possess granules or vacuoles whose contents may be mucous, serous or lipid; in rodents, the Harderian gland is especially large and secretes lipids (by a merocrine mechanism), melatonin and porphyrins; ascribed functions include a role in lubrication and protection for the eyeball and nictitating membrane (by lipids), photoprotection (by porphyrin), photoreception (by regulation of the incidence of light on the retina), and thermoregulation (in some rodents) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003860 abnormal carbon dioxide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003948 abnormal gas homeostasis anomalous concentration of CO2 in the blood, alveoli or other tissues resulting in the increased pressure of this component of body gases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology impaired or altered growth of the components of the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003862 decreased aggression towards male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003863 decreased aggression towards mice when compared to controls, subjects exhibit less than normal level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action towards male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003863 decreased aggression towards mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021115 abnormal aggression towards conspecific when compared to controls, subjects exhibit less than normal level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action towards other mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003864 abnormal midbrain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development anomaly in the formation of or the patterning of the part of the brainstem developing from the middle of the three primary cerebral vesicles of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003865 lymph node inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003762 abnormal immune organ physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003866 abnormal defecation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology anomaly in the discharge of feces from the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003867 increased defecation amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020147 abnormal defecation amount increase in the amount of discharge of feces from the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003868 abnormal feces composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology increase or decrease in the amount of compounds normally found in the feces (fat, protein etc) or presence of material not normally seen in the feces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003869 ectopic cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000163 abnormal cartilage morphology positional abnormality of cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003870 decreased urine glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001758 abnormal urine glucose level a reduced amount of glucose in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003871 abnormal myelin sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the insulating envelope that surrounds nerve fibers or axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003872 absent heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003920 abnormal heart right ventricle morphology missing the lower right chamber of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003873 pharyngeal arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006346 small pharyngeal arch decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pharyngeal arches, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003874 absent pharyngeal arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology missing the transient structures of the embryo that develop into regions of the head, neck and ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003875 abnormal hair follicle regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000427 abnormal hair cycle abnormal length of time for the onset of catagen phase of the cyclic transformation of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003877 abnormal serotonergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that secrete serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005377 hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype any functional anomaly of the ear, not due to an anatomical defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003879 abnormal hair cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010055 abnormal sensory neuron physiology any functional anomaly of the sensory epithelial cells of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003880 abnormal central pattern generator function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the neural networks that produce rhythmic patterned output without sensory input and underlie rhythmic motor patterns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the filtering unit of the kidney that includes the renal corpuscle, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003882 abnormal pulse pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000230 abnormal systemic arterial blood pressure anomaly in the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003883 enlarged stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology increased size of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003884 decreased macrophage cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020202 abnormal macrophage cell number fewer than the normal numbers of macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003885 abnormal rostral-caudal body axis extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning anomaly in or failure of the long (rostral-caudal) axis of the body to elongate normally once patterning has been established http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003886 abnormal embryonic epiblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012103 abnormal bilaminar embryonic disk morphology any structural anomaly of the transient structure derived from the inner cell mass which lies above the hypoblast; the epiblast tissue gives rise to the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, definitive endoderm, and mesoderm) and to the extraembryonic mesoderm of the visceral yolk sac, the allantois, and the amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003887 increased hepatocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010080 abnormal hepatocyte physiology increase in the number of hepatocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003888 liver hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001634 internal hemorrhage bleeding within the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003889 enhanced sensorimotor gating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002634 abnormal sensorimotor gating amplification of the process by which inhibitory neural pathways filter multiple stimuli and allow attention to be focused on one stimulus; usually measured by pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003890 abnormal embryonic-extraembryonic boundary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014134 abnormal embryo morphology any structural anomaly in the delineating tissue and the segregation between the embryo proper and extraembryonic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003891 increased allantois apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the allantois undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003892 abnormal gastric gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and zymogenic cells that produce pepsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003893 increased hepatocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010080 abnormal hepatocyte physiology increase in the expansion rate of the hepatocyte cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003894 abnormal Purkinje cell innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation any structural anomaly of the supply of nerve fibers that connect to the Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003895 increased ectoderm apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013504 increased embryonic tissue cell apoptosis increase in the number of ectoderm cells undergoing programmed cell death during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003896 prolonged PR interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010519 atrioventricular block increase in the length of time between the beginning of atrial depolarization and the beginning of ventricular depolarization, measured by the interval from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003897 abnormal ST segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature anomaly in the length of time between the end of S-wave and the beginning of T-wave; reflects the amount of time the ventricles remain electrically depolarized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003898 abnormal QRS complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature anomaly in the largest-amplitude portion of the ECG, caused by currents generated when the ventricles depolarize prior to their contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003899 abnormal QT interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature anomaly in the length of time required for ventricular depolarization and repolarization to occur, usually as a result of increased repolarization time, and is measured from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003900 shortened QT interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003899 abnormal QT interval decrease in the length of time required for ventricular depolarization and repolarization to occur, usually as a result of increased repolarization time, and is measured from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003901 abnormal PR interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature anomaly in the length of time between the beginning of atrial depolarization and the beginning of ventricular depolarization, measured by the interval from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003902 abnormal cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000358 abnormal cell morphology anomaly in the total physical bulk or volume of a cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003903 increased cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003902 abnormal cell mass greater total physical bulk or volume of a cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003904 decreased cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003902 abnormal cell mass reduction in the total physical bulk or volume of a cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003905 abnormal aorta elastin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003211 abnormal aorta elastic fiber morphology anomaly in the physical amount of elastin in the aorta compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003906 increased aorta elastin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003905 abnormal aorta elastin content greater physical amount of elastin in the aorta compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003907 decreased aorta elastin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003905 abnormal aorta elastin content reduction in the physical amount of elastin in the aorta compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003908 decreased stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior less frequent incidence of repetitive, invariant, persistent motor patterns that do not appear to be purposeful http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003913 increased heart right ventricle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020205 abnormal heart right ventricle weight greater than average weight of the right ventricle compared to the average http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003914 decreased heart right ventricle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020205 abnormal heart right ventricle weight less than average weight of the right ventricle compared to the average http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003915 increased heart left ventricle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020204 abnormal heart left ventricle weight greater than average weight of the heart left ventricle compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003916 decreased heart left ventricle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020204 abnormal heart left ventricle weight less than average weight of the heart left ventricle compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003917 increased kidney weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003068 enlarged kidney greater weight of the organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003918 decreased kidney weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002989 small kidney reduced weight of the organs responsible for urine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003920 abnormal heart right ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the right lower chamber of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003921 abnormal heart left ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the left lower chamber of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003922 abnormal heart right atrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology any structural anomaly of the right upper chamber of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003923 abnormal heart left atrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology any structural anomaly of the left upper chamber of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003924 diaphragmatic hernia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002279 abnormal diaphragm morphology protrusion of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity through a hole in the diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003925 abnormal cellular glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology anomaly in the ability of a cell to take in glucose from the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003926 decreased cellular glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003925 abnormal cellular glucose uptake reduced ability of a cell to take in glucose from the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003927 increased cellular glucose import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003925 abnormal cellular glucose uptake increased ability of a cell to take in glucose from the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003928 increased heart rate variability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004122 abnormal sinus arrhythmia increased variation of beat-to-beat intervals of the heart that occurs in conjunction with the respiratory cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003929 decreased heart rate variability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004122 abnormal sinus arrhythmia reduced variation of beat-to-beat intervals of the heart that occurs in conjunction with the respiratory cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003930 abnormal tooth hard tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology any structural anomaly of the hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, including the dentin, enamel and the cementum on the root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003931 absent molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006400 decreased molar number absence of the most posterior teeth located on either side of the jaw, and characterized by a large crown and broad chewing surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003932 abnormal molar crown morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002689 abnormal molar morphology any structural anomaly of the part of a molar that is covered by enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003933 abnormal cementum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030131 abnormal periodontium morphology any strucutral anomaly in the bonelike rigid connective tissue covering the root of a tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003934 abnormal pancreas development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development anomaly in the formation of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000428 abnormal craniofacial morphology anomaly in the process of forming the face and/or cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology developmental anomaly of any of the organs involved in the reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003938 abnormal ear development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002102 abnormal ear morphology developmental anomaly of any of the structures involved in the ear or vestibular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003939 abnormal myotome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000733 abnormal muscle development any structural anomaly of the mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003940 abnormal dermatome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003941 abnormal skin development any structural anomaly in the mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003941 abnormal skin development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology anomaly in the formation of the membranous protective covering of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003942 abnormal urinary system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any anomaly in the differentiation of the organ system that produces, stores, and eliminates urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003943 abnormal hepatobiliary system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002138 abnormal hepatobiliary system morphology developmental anomaly of any of the tissues of the liver or biliary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003944 abnormal T cell subpopulation ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013887 abnormal T cell compartment deviation from the standard ratios of T cell subpopulations (e.g. double positive to single positive ratio) compared to control samples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003945 abnormal lymphocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002442 abnormal leukocyte physiology any functional anomaly of any of the white blood cells that includes B cells, T cells, and NK cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003946 renal necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009641 kidney degeneration morphological changes resulting from pathological death of renal tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003947 abnormal cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012224 abnormal sterol level anomaly in the amount in the body of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003948 abnormal gas homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of gaseous elements in animal tissues or blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003949 abnormal circulating lipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis anomalous concentrations of fat-soluble substances (molecules composed of carbon and hydrogen and are characteristically insoluble in water) in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003950 abnormal plasma membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000358 abnormal cell morphology any structural anomaly of the semi-permeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm of a cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003951 abnormal copper homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005636 abnormal mineral homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of copper that is a cofactor in a number of proteins including amine oxidases and chaperone proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003952 abnormal copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003951 abnormal copper homeostasis anomaly in the concentration in the body of the metallic element atom that has formula Cu, and normally occurs as a cofactor for a number of proteins including amine oxidases and chaperone proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis aberrant tissue or circulating concentration of any substance, usually a peptide or steroid, that has a specific metabolic regulatory effect on the activity or behavior of cells expressing a receptor for the hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003954 abnormal Reichert's membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011187 abnormal parietal endoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal parietal endoderm; required for the maternofetal exchange of nutrients and is important for the postgastrulation development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003955 abnormal ultimobranchial body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006031 abnormal pharyngeal pouch morphology any structural anomaly of the outpocketing of the caudal-most branchial pouch of the embryo (interpreted as a fifth pouch in human or as the ventral component of the fourth pouch in mouse) that fuses with the thyroid diverticulum, ultimately giving rise to calcitonin-producing parafollicular cells (aka C-cells) which function in calcium homeostasis; in most mammals, these parafollicular cells fully disperse with the endodermally derived follicular cells of the thyroid by birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003956 abnormal body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002089 abnormal postnatal growth/weight/body size anomaly in the average body weight, height and/or length of an organism compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003957 abnormal nitric oxide homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003948 abnormal gas homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of nitric oxide, a free radical gas and a potent vasodilator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003958 heart valve hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in any of the heart valves, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003959 abnormal lean body mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005451 abnormal body composition anomaly in the amount of the fat-free physical bulk or volume of the body including all its components except adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003960 increased lean body mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003959 abnormal lean body mass greater amount of the fat-free physical bulk or volume of the body including all its components except adipose (fat) tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003961 decreased lean body mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003959 abnormal lean body mass reduced amount of the fat-free physical bulk or volume of the body including all its components except adipose (fat) tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003962 abnormal adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011479 abnormal catecholamine level aberrant concentration in the blood or tissues of this catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors and that causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003963 abnormal corticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomalous blood or tissue amount of an adrenocortical steroid that induces glycogen deposition and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003964 abnormal noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011479 abnormal catecholamine level aberrant amount of the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS; noradrenaline is the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level aberration in the blood or tissue concentration of any of the hormones secreted by the pituitary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003966 abnormal adrenocorticotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level anomaly in the level of the pituitary hormone that stimulates the secretion of adrenal cortical steroids and induces growth of the adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003967 abnormal follicle stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level anomalous concentration of the hormone that, in females, stimulates the graafian follicles of the ovary and assists in follicular maturation and the secretion of estradiol; in the male it stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and is partly responsible for spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003968 abnormal growth hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level anomalous concentration of the hormone that promotes body growth, fat mobilization, and inhibition of glucose utilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003969 abnormal luteinizing hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level aberrant levels in the bloodstream of LH, the hormone that regulates steroid production by the interstitial cells of the testis and the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003970 abnormal prolactin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level anomalous concentration of the hormone that stimulates milk secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003971 abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level anomalous concentration of the hormone that stimulates the growth and function of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003972 decreased pituitary hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level less than the expected amount of any of the pituitary hormones in the blood or tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003973 increased pituitary hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003965 abnormal pituitary hormone level greater than the expected amount of any of the pituitary hormones in the blood or tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003974 abnormal endocardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010545 abnormal heart layer morphology any structural anomaly of the thin serous membrane, primarily composed of endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003975 increased circulating VLDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001552 increased circulating triglyceride level higher than average concentration in the blood of very low density lipoprotein, which normally transports triglycerides from the intestine and liver to muscle and adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003976 decreased circulating VLDL triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002644 decreased circulating triglyceride level lower than average concentration in the blood of very low density lipoprotein, which normally transports triglycerides from the intestine and liver to muscle and adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003977 abnormal circulating carnitine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level aberrant concentration in the blood of carnitine, a quaternary ammonium amino acid derivative involved in transport of fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003978 decreased circulating carnitine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003977 abnormal circulating carnitine level lower than normal blood concentration of this quaternary ammonium amino acid derivative involved in transport of fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003979 increased circulating carnitine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003977 abnormal circulating carnitine level greater than normal blood concentration of this quaternary ammonium amino acid derivative involved in transport of fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003980 increased circulating phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006084 abnormal circulating phospholipid level greater concentration in the blood of the fat derivatives in which one fatty acid has been replaced by a phosphate group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003981 decreased circulating phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006084 abnormal circulating phospholipid level reduced concentration in the blood of the fat derivatives in which one fatty acid has been replaced by a phosphate group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003982 increased cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012226 increased sterol level greater than normal amount in the body of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003983 decreased cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012225 decreased sterol level less than normal amount in the body of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003984 embryonic growth retardation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010865 prenatal growth retardation slow or limited development during the embryonic period (sensu Mus: up to E14, or the completion of organogenesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003985 renal fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology formation of fibrous tissue in the kidney as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003986 small cochlear ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002855 abnormal cochlear ganglion morphology reduced size of the cochlear ganglion or of the sensory neuron cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003987 small vestibular ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002856 abnormal vestibular ganglion morphology reduced size of the vestibular ganglion or of the sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003988 disorganized embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology a lack of the regular arrangement of any embryonic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003989 abnormal barrel cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000860 abnormal primary somatosensory cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the discrete functional units of the somatosensory cortex that processes tactile information derived from the vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003990 decreased neurotransmitter release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion reduced production or release of endogenous signaling molecules normally secreted by neurons that alter the behavior of neurons or effector cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003991 arteriosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology thickening, hardening and/or loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003992 increased mortality induced by ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020149 abnormal mortality induced by ionizing radiation greater sensitivity to doses of ionizing radiation that include ultraviolet light, X-rays, or gamma rays, resulting in death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003993 abnormal ventral spinal root morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001077 abnormal spinal nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior bundle of nerves emerging from the spinal cord to join with the posterior/dorsal nerve bundle at each spinal cord segment to form one of the 31 paired peripheral nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003994 abnormal dorsal spinal root morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001077 abnormal spinal nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior bundle of nerves emerging from the spinal cord to join with the anterior/ventral nerve bundle at each spinal cord segment to form one of the 31 paired peripheral nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003995 abnormal uterine artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003996 clonic seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000947 convulsive seizures increased number or decreased threshold for the induction of a seizure characterized by unilateral or bilateral rhythmic jerking movements of the arms and legs caused by alternating contraction and relaxation of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003997 tonic-clonic seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000947 convulsive seizures increased number or decreased threshold for the induction of a seizure characterized by initial rigidity followed by rhythmic jerking movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003998 decreased thermal nociceptive threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005407 hyperalgesia a lower than average point at which thermal pain sensation is first detectable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003999 enhanced passive avoidance behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012313 enhanced avoidance learning behavior increase in the latency of an animal to enter an hostile environment where it receives a unpleasant or punishing stimuli applied previously http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004000 impaired passive avoidance behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012312 impaired avoidance learning behavior decrease in or absence of the latency of an animal to enter an hostile environment where it receives a unpleasant or punishing stimuli applied previously http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004001 decreased hepatocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010080 abnormal hepatocyte physiology reduction in the expansion rate of the hepatocyte cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004002 abnormal jejunum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004003 abnormal vascular endothelial cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000249 abnormal blood vessel physiology anomaly in the function of the cells that line the vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004004 patent ductus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013873 abnormal ductus venosus morphology failure of the embryonic connection between the portal vein and inferior vena cava formed by the left umbilical vein (that allows oxygenated blood to bypass the developing liver) to close in adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004005 impaired contractility of intestinal smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000740 impaired smooth muscle contractility inability or reduced ability of intestinal smooth muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004006 impaired contractility of jejunal smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004005 impaired contractility of intestinal smooth muscle inability or reduced ability of the jejunal smooth muscle to shorter or to develop increased tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004007 abnormal lung vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessels of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004008 abnormal GABA-mediated receptor currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission change in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of GABA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004009 abnormal diastolic filling velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation anomaly in the rate of fluid inflow to the heart during diastole compared to controls; usually measured in the left ventricle; altered filling velocity often contributes to various cardiovascular disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004010 increased diastolic filling velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004009 abnormal diastolic filling velocity greater rate of fluid inflow to the heart during diastole compared to controls; usually measured in the left ventricle; altered filling velocity often contributes to various cardiovascular disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004011 decreased diastolic filling velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004009 abnormal diastolic filling velocity reduction in the rate of fluid inflow to the heart during diastole compared to controls; usually measured in the left ventricle; altered filling velocity often contributes to various cardiovascular disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004012 increased pulmonary artery pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003547 abnormal pulmonary pressure increased pulmonary pressure compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004013 decreased pulmonary artery pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003547 abnormal pulmonary pressure reduced pulmonary pressure compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004014 abnormal uterine environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy anomaly or inability of the uterus to support embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004015 abnormal oviduct environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012018 abnormal oviduct physiology anomaly or inability of the oviduct to support egg viability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004016 decreased bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure a reduction in the total amount of bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004017 duplex kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology a kidney that is split into two separate collecting systems; there may be a duplex ureter or a single ureter; may present unilaterally or bilaterally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004018 abnormal galactose homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of galactose in the fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004019 abnormal vitamin homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of organic substances found in food and are not synthesized by the body and are necessary in trace amounts for normal metabolic function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004020 polyhydramnios http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001784 abnormal fluid regulation abnormally high amniotic fluid volume; may result from maternal diabetes, chromosomal abnormalities or other congenital abnormalities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004021 abnormal rod electrophysiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005551 abnormal eye electrophysiology any functional anomaly of dark adapted vision mediated by the rods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004022 abnormal cone electrophysiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005551 abnormal eye electrophysiology any functional anomaly of light adapted vision mediated by the cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004023 abnormal chromosome number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003702 abnormal chromosome morphology chromosome count is other than the expected diploid chromosome number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004024 aneuploidy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004023 abnormal chromosome number chromosome count is not an exact multiple of the haploid number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004025 polyploidy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004023 abnormal chromosome number more than two chromosome sets are present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004026 monosomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004024 aneuploidy one chromosome missing from an otherwise diploid chromosome set http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004027 trisomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004024 aneuploidy presence of an extra chromosome in an otherwise diploid chromosome set http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004028 chromosome breakage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008866 chromosomal instability chromosome instability in the form of increased frequency of spontaneous breakage with or without rearrangements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004029 spontaneous chromosome breakage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004028 chromosome breakage chromosome breakage due to inherent instability of chromosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004030 induced chromosome breakage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004028 chromosome breakage chromosome breakage following treatment with a DNA-damaging agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004031 insulitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001869 pancreas inflammation a histological change in the islets of Langerhans characterized by edema and the infiltration of small numbers of white blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004032 abnormal interventricular groove morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the indentation dividing the two ventricles, comprised of the sulcus interventricularis anterior and the sulcus interventricularis posterior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004033 supernumerary teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030611 abnormal tooth number presence of a supernumerary, i.e., extra, tooth or teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004034 belly blaze http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation the appearance of a stripe or zigzag of white fur on the ventrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004035 abnormal sublingual gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003792 abnormal major salivary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004036 abnormal muscle relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology altered ability of the muscle to lengthen following contractions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004037 increased muscle relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004036 abnormal muscle relaxation greater than the normal ability of the muscle to lengthen following contractions or increase in the ability of the muscle to lengthen following contractions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004038 lymphangiectasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010200 enlarged lymphatic vessel stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004039 abnormal cardiac cell glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004130 abnormal muscle cell glucose uptake anomalous ability of the cells of the heart to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004040 abnormal susceptibility to kidney reperfusion injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury a change in the likelihood or extent of damage to the kidney when the blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004041 increased susceptibility to kidney reperfusion injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004040 abnormal susceptibility to kidney reperfusion injury an increased likelihood or extent of damage to the kidney when the blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004042 decreased susceptibility to kidney reperfusion injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005166 decreased susceptibility to injury a diminished likelihood or extent of damage to the kidney when the blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004043 abnormal pH regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the function of the buffer systems of the body in combination with the respiratory and renal systems that control the relative acidity or alkalinity of the body, as measured by the concentration of hydrogen ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004044 aortic dissection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology a pathologic process, characterized by splitting of the media layer of the aorta, which leads to formation of a dissecting aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004045 abnormal cell cycle checkpoint function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003077 abnormal cell cycle anomaly in the amount of time spent at the points in the cell cycle (end of G1 phase, end of G2 phase, and during metaphase) which prevent the cell from progressing to the next phase when conditions are unfavorable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003077 abnormal cell cycle anomaly in the process of cell division including both division of the nucleus (karyokinesis) and the cytoplasm (cytokinesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004047 abnormal milk composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001882 abnormal lactation anomaly in one or more of the constituents of milk including protein, lipid, and/or mineral content or in the appearance of milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004049 increased acute promyelocytic leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002026 increased leukemia incidence higher than normal incidence of cancer characterized by rapid onset of abnormal leukocyte proliferation, manifesting as a severe bleeding disorder from coagulation abnormalities, and bone marrow infiltration of abnormal promyelocytes and myelocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004050 abnormal renal sympathetic nerve activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any anomaly in the stimulation transmitted by the sympathetic nerves to the kidneys that is primarily adrenergic and modifies kidney function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004051 increased renal sympathetic nerve activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004050 abnormal renal sympathetic nerve activity elevation in the stimulation transmitted by the sympathetic nerves to the kidneys that is primarily adrenergic and modifies kidney function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004052 decreased renal sympathetic nerve activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004050 abnormal renal sympathetic nerve activity reduction in the stimulation transmitted by the sympathetic nerves to the kidneys that is primarily adrenergic and modifies kidney function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004053 abnormal synchondrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030875 abnormal cartilaginous joint morphology anomalous or persistent cartilaginous fusion of two bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004054 abnormal periocular mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the mesenchymal cells that give rise to the corneal endothelium, corneal stroma, sclera, iris stroma, ciliary muscle, ciliary stroma, and trabecular meshwork of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004055 heart atrium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031577 decreased heart atrium size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart atrium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004056 abnormal myocardium compact layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology any structural anomaly of the outer, dense layer of the myocardium uniting the epicardium and myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004057 thin myocardium compact layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004056 abnormal myocardium compact layer morphology reduced thickness of the outer, dense layer of the myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004058 abnormal ventricle papillary muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010499 abnormal ventricle myocardium morphology any structural anomaly of one of the group of myocardial bundles which terminate in the chordae tendineae that attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves; each ventricle has an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle; the right ventricle sometimes has a septal papillary muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004060 absent papillary muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004058 abnormal ventricle papillary muscle morphology absence of one of the group of myocardial bundles which terminate in the chordae tendineae that attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves; each ventricle has an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle; the right ventricle sometimes has a septal papillary muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004061 papillary muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031539 decreased papillary muscle size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the papillary muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004062 dilated heart right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003922 abnormal heart right atrium morphology the luminal space of the right upper chamber of the heart is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004063 dilated heart left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003923 abnormal heart left atrium morphology the luminal space of the left upper chamber of the heart is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004064 decreased susceptibility to induced muscular atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002269 muscular atrophy less than expected wasting of muscle tissue after experimental manipulation (starvation, neurectomy, immobilization, etc) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004065 increased susceptibility to induced muscular atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002269 muscular atrophy greater than expected wasting of muscle tissue after experimental manipulation (starvation, neurectomy, immobilization, etc) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004066 abnormal primitive node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology any structural anomaly of the regional thickening of cells at the rostral tip of the vertebrate primitive streak through which gastrulating cells migrate anteriorly to form tissues in the future head and neck; this region organizes the formation of the three embryonic layers and establishes the longitudinal axis and the polarity of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004067 abnormal trabecula carnea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010499 abnormal ventricle myocardium morphology any structural anomaly of the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004068 dilated dorsal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004787 abnormal dorsal aorta morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or both of the pair of arterial structures of the embryo that supplies each developing somite via efferent segmental arteries; the dorsal aortae articulate with the umbilical arteries, which return mixed blood to the villi of the chorion for reoxygenation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004069 abnormal muscle spindle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000990 abnormal skeletal muscle mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004070 abnormal P wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature any anomaly in the P wave which represents atrial depolarization and corresponds to electrical impulses rather than mechanical atria contractions; irregular or absent P waves may indicate arrhythmia and the shape of the P waves may indicate atrial problems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004071 prolonged P wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010520 sinoatrial block increase in the length of time of the P wave electrical impulses, measured from the beginning to the end of the P wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004072 abnormal frontal plane axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003137 abnormal impulse conducting system conduction any anomaly found in the sum of all electrical currents in the heart during systole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004073 caudal body truncation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005221 abnormal rostral-caudal axis patterning caudal part of body truncated; typically with the rostral portion of the body relatively normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004074 abnormal Schwann cell precursor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001106 abnormal Schwann cell morphology any structural anomaly of the progenitors of cells that sheath the axons of the peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004075 decreased Schwann cell precursor number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004074 abnormal Schwann cell precursor morphology fewer numbers than normal of the progenitors of cells that sheath the axons of the peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004076 abnormal vitelline vascular remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology anomaly in the conversion of the primary (honeycomb-like) vascular plexus of the yolk sac into a mature vascular network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004077 abnormal striatum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006007 abnormal basal ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of a large cluster of dopaminergic nerve cells, consisting of the caudate nucleus and the putamen, that controls movement, balance, and walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004078 abnormal caudate nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004102 abnormal dorsal striatum morphology any structural anomaly of one or both C-shaped structures that border the lateral ventricle wall and contain input neurons involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004079 abnormal putamen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004102 abnormal dorsal striatum morphology any structural anomaly of the lens-shaped basal ganglion involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004080 abnormal nucleus accumbens morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004166 abnormal limbic system morphology any structural anomaly of the group of neurons located at the head of the caudate nucleus and anterior to the putamen; these neurons normally are involved in sensations of pleasure and reactions to addictive substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004081 abnormal globus pallidus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006007 abnormal basal ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of one of the basal ganglia involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain; consists of an external and an internal segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004082 abnormal habenula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000840 abnormal epithalamus morphology any structural anomaly in the group of nuclei that makes up the small eminence on the dorsomedial surface of the thalamus, just in front of the dorsal commissure on the lateral edge of the habenular trigone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004083 polysyndactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000564 syndactyly greater than the normal complement of digits present on an autopod with interdigital webbing also present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004084 abnormal cardiac muscle relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004036 abnormal muscle relaxation altered ability of the cardiac/heart muscle to lengthen following contractions, often measured by dP/dt min http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004085 abnormal heartbeat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology anomaly in the appearance of regularly spaced contractions of the heart due to defects in the frequency, rate, pattern or extent of heart contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004086 absent heartbeat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004085 abnormal heartbeat lack of a spontaneously beating heart (usually due to defects in the calcium delivery mechanism or loss of a functional contractile apparatus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004087 abnormal muscle fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscle fibers, the cylindrical multinucleated muscle cells that contract when stimulated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004088 abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004087 abnormal muscle fiber morphology any structural anomaly in the endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscle, i.e. the complex of vesicles, tubules, and cisternae that form a continuous structure around striated myofibrils, with a repetition of structure within each sarcomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004089 dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004088 abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum morphology an expansion in the volume in the endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal and cardiac muscle, i.e. the complex of vesicles, tubules, and cisternae that form a continuous structure around striated myofibrils, with a repetition of structure within each sarcomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004090 abnormal sarcomere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004087 abnormal muscle fiber morphology any structural anomaly in the segment of a myofibril between two Z lines comprised of multi-protein complexes composed of three different filament systems; these systems work together to contract and relax muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004091 abnormal Z line morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030567 abnormal I band morphology any structural anomaly in the cross-striation bisecting the I band of striated muscle myofibrils and serving as the anchoring point of actin filaments at either end of the sarcomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004092 absent Z line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004091 abnormal Z line morphology missing the cross-striation bisecting the I band of striated muscle myofibrils and serving as the anchoring point of actin filaments at either end of the sarcomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004093 diffuse Z line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004091 abnormal Z line morphology widely spread cross-striation bisecting the I band of striated muscle myofibrils and serving as the anchoring point of actin filaments at either end of the sarcomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004094 abnormal M line morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030566 abnormal A band morphology any structural anomaly of the band in the center of the H band that contains proteins that crosslink the thick filament system (myosins) and the M-band part of the elastic filaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004095 ocular distichiasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013895 abnormal eyelid cilium morphology presence of a double row of eyelashes on an eyelid, one or both of which are turned in against the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004096 abnormal midbrain-hindbrain boundary development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012132 abnormal midbrain-hindbrain boundary morphology anomaly in the formation of the midbrain-hindbrain domain, comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages; an organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000849 abnormal cerebellum morphology any structural anomaly of the thin mantle of grey matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere, including the six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them; together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004098 abnormal cerebellar granule cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology any structural anomaly of the small neurons of the cerebellar granule cell layer that send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004099 abnormal cerebellar glomerulus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology any structural anomaly of an intertwined cluster of nerve fibers surrounded by glia where mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004100 abnormal spinal cord interneuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008503 abnormal spinal cord grey matter morphology any structural anomaly of neurons that exclusively interact with other neurons in the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004101 abnormal brain interneuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of neurons that exclusively interact with other neurons in the brain; this includes most brain neuronal cell types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004102 abnormal dorsal striatum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004077 abnormal striatum morphology any structural anomaly of the regions of the caudate nucleus and the putamen that lie dorsal to the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004103 abnormal ventral striatum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004077 abnormal striatum morphology any structural anomaly of the regions of the nucleus accumbens and some nuclei of the olfactory tubercle that lie ventral to the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004105 corneal abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology scraping away or denuding of the corneal surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004106 lymphatic vessel hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010200 enlarged lymphatic vessel increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lymphatic vessels, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004107 abnormal thoracic duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology any structural anomaly in the largest collecting lymph vessel in the body, beginning at the cisterna chyli at about the level of the second lumbar vertebra, and drains into the systemic (blood) circulation at the left brachiocephalic vein between the left subclavian and left internal jugular veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004108 abnormal esophageal peristalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011082 abnormal gastrointestinal motility altered esophageal movement characterized by waves of alternate circular contraction and relaxation of the muscular walls that move the esophagus contents forward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004109 abnormal Sertoli cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003830 abnormal testis development anomalous differentiation of cells that support germ cell differentiation in males http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004110 transposition of great arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010426 abnormal heart and great artery attachment cardiovascular structural anomaly in which the aorta arises from the right ventricle while the pulmonary artery arises from the left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004111 abnormal coronary artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of any of the arteries that branch from the ascending aorta to supply blood to the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004112 abnormal arteriole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the small diameter vessels that branch from the arteries and lead to the capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010468 abnormal thoracic aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; branches from it include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004114 abnormal atrioventricular node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004123 abnormal impulse conducting system morphology any structural anomaly of the small nodular mass of specialized muscle fibers located in the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus; this node gives rise to the electrical connection between the atria and ventricles and responds to the sinoatrial node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004115 abnormal sinoatrial node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004123 abnormal impulse conducting system morphology any structural anomaly of the small mass of modified cardiac muscle fibers located at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium that is the source of contraction impulses for the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004116 abnormal atrioventricular bundle conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003137 abnormal impulse conducting system conduction anomaly in the transfer of cardiac electrical impulses through the specialized cardiac muscle fibers that originates in the atrioventricular node and extends into the ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004117 abnormal atrioventricular bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004123 abnormal impulse conducting system morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized cardiac muscle fibers that originates in the atrioventricular node and extends into the ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004118 abnormal baroreceptor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000972 abnormal mechanoreceptor morphology any structural anomaly in the sensory nerve endings in the wall of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that are sensitive to changes in blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004119 hypokalemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005628 decreased circulating potassium level excessively low concentrations of potassium in the circulating blood; may be chronic or due to gastrointestinal and kidney depletion due to infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004120 cardiac ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006111 abnormal coronary circulation inadequate blood flow to the heart; may cause infarction and is usually caused by coronary artery disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004121 abnormal sarcolemma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004087 abnormal muscle fiber morphology any structural anomaly in the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber that is capable of conducting electrical impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004122 abnormal sinus arrhythmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001629 abnormal heart rate any anomaly in the normal phenomenon of mild acceleration and slowing of the heart rate that occurs during the respiratory cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004123 abnormal impulse conducting system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010630 abnormal cardiac muscle tissue morphology any structural anomaly in the impulse-conducting system composed of modified cardiac muscle and having the power of spontaneous rhythmicity and conduction more highly developed than the rest of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004124 abnormal Purkinje fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004123 abnormal impulse conducting system morphology any structural anomaly in the cardiac muscle fibers composing the terminal portion of the heart conduction system located in the ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004125 abnormal venule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the minute vessels that collect deoxygenated blood from the capillary plexuses returns it to the veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004126 thin hypodermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003705 abnormal hypodermis morphology reduced thickness of the irregular layer of loose connective tissue containing fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages, that is immediately deep to the skin and superficial to the deep fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004127 thick hypodermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003705 abnormal hypodermis morphology increase in the width of the irregular layer of loose connective tissue containing fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages, that is immediately deep to the skin and superficial to the deep fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004129 abnormal respiratory quotient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003948 abnormal gas homeostasis anomaly in the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide released to oxygen consumed by a body tissue or an organism compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004130 abnormal muscle cell glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003925 abnormal cellular glucose uptake anomaly in the ability of muscle cells to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004131 abnormal motile primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013206 abnormal motile cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the cilia of the embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node, which generate flow of extraembryonic fluid surrounding the node in a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004132 absent embryonic cilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004131 abnormal motile primary cilium morphology absence of cilia on the cells of the embryonic node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004133 heterotaxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype abnormal arrangement of organs or parts of the body in relation to each other according to the left-right axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004134 abnormal chest morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype any structural anomaly of the part of the body between the neck and the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004135 abnormal mammary gland embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000628 abnormal mammary gland development aberration in the differentiation of the mammary gland during early embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004136 abnormal tongue muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology any structural anomaly of the muscular portion of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004137 abnormal gastric surface mucous cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010792 abnormal stomach mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the mucus secreting epithelial cells that line the luminal surface of the stomach and the gastric pits which secrete mucus and HCO3- to protect the gastric surface from the acidic environment of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004138 abnormal mucous neck cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004137 abnormal gastric surface mucous cell morphology any structural anomaly of the mucin-producing epithelial cells present in the neck of the gastric glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004139 abnormal gastric parietal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003892 abnormal gastric gland morphology any structural anomaly of the gastric acid producing epithelial cells that are distributed throughout the length of the gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004140 abnormal gastric chief cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003892 abnormal gastric gland morphology any structural anomaly of the pepsinogen producing epithelial cells that are clustered at the base of the gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004141 abnormal enteroendocrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly of the various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting epithelial cells present throughout the mucosa of the digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004142 abnormal muscle tone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology anomaly in the resting tautness or laxity of a muscle, normally somewhere in the middle of the range between total contraction and total relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004143 muscle hypertonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004142 abnormal muscle tone increased muscle tension resulting in stiffness of the muscles in the resting state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004144 hypotonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004142 abnormal muscle tone decreased muscle tension resulting in limpness of the muscles in the resting state, not to be confused with weakness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004145 abnormal muscle electrophysiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology any functional anomaly of the musculature as it relates to electrical phenomena http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004146 absent M line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004094 abnormal M line morphology missing the band in the center of the H band that contains proteins that crosslink the thick filament system (myosins) and the M-band part of the elastic filaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004147 increased porphyrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011989 abnormal porphyrin level elevated concentration of porphyrins or protoporphyrins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004148 increased compact bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000134 abnormal compact bone thickness thicker than normal superficial layer of compact bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004149 increased bone strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001542 abnormal bone strength increased ability of bone to endure the application of force without yielding or breaking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004150 absent caveolae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003950 abnormal plasma membrane morphology absence of the small pockets, vesicles, caves, or recesses communicating with the outside of a cell and extending inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004151 decreased circulating iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004152 abnormal circulating iron level less than the normal concentration of iron in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004152 abnormal circulating iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006357 abnormal circulating mineral level anomalous blood concentration of the metallic element that normally occurs in the heme of hemoglobin, myoglobin, transferrin, ferritin, and iron-containing porphyrins; it is an essential component of enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and various cytochromes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004153 increased renal tubule apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011368 increased kidney apoptosis increase in the number of renal tubule cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004154 renal tubular necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003946 renal necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of renal tubular tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004155 decreased susceptibility to induced pancreatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002693 abnormal pancreas physiology reduced or absent inflammatory response in the pancreatic tissue after experimental manipulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004156 abnormal QT variability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003899 abnormal QT interval anomaly in the index of beat-to-beat QT interval fluctuations (temporal QT interval variability), normally expressed as a unitless negative number reflecting beat-to-beat changes in ventricular repolarization; an increased, positive QTVI number indicates significant repolarization abnormalities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004157 interrupted aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010544 interrupted aorta complete discontinuation between the ascending and descending aorta; includes Type A, interruption distal to the subclavian artery that is ipsilateral to the second carotid artery, and Type B, interruption between second carotid artery and ipsilateral subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004158 right aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology the aortic arch lies to the right of the trachea and esophagus; results from persistence of the entire right dorsal arch and involution of a segment of the left arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004159 double aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010466 vascular ring defect in which the main aorta tube splits into large left and right branches (right and left aortic arches), encircling the trachea and esophagus, before becoming one tube to go to the lower body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004160 retroesophageal right subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010465 aberrant origin of the right subclavian artery the subclavian artery aberrantly originates from the aortic arch distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery, i.e., it is the last branch of the aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004161 cervical aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology aortic arch is located above the level of the clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004162 abnormal mammillary body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the protrusion at the posterior end of the hypothalamus that contains hypothalamic nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000633 abnormal pituitary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior part of the pituitary that secretes a variety of hormones; its function is regulated by the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004164 abnormal neurohypophysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013563 abnormal secretory circumventricular organ morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation such as oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004165 abnormal lateral geniculate nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any structural anomaly of the group of neurons that serve as the primary processor of visual information received from the retina via the optic tract and send processed information to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004166 abnormal limbic system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology any structural anomaly of any of a collection of structures in the brain involved in emotion, motivation and emotional aspects of memory; these structures act together to control the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004167 abnormal cingulate gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the ridge in the cerebral cortex located dorsal to the corpus callosum that controls autonomic functions regulating heart rate and blood pressure as well as cognitive and attentional processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004168 abnormal parahippocampal gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004169 abnormal fornicate gyrus morphology any structural anomaly of the ridge in the cerebral cortex that contains the olfactory cortex and that plays a role in the formation of topographical memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004169 abnormal fornicate gyrus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004166 abnormal limbic system morphology any structural anomaly of the horseshoe-shaped gyrus of the cerebral cortex that consists of the cingulate gyrus and the parahippocampal gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004170 abnormal orbitofrontal cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004166 abnormal limbic system morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the cerebral cortex covering the basal surface of the frontal lobes; this region normally controls emotion and decision making http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004171 abnormal pallium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development anomaly in the progression of the formation of the roof region of the telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004172 abnormal subpallium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development anomaly in the progression of the formation of the base region of the telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030877 abnormal symphysis morphology any structural anomaly of the cartilaginous and gelatinous structure found between vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004174 abnormal spine curvature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology deviation from the typical S-shape of the spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004175 telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001613 abnormal vasodilation vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004176 ear telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004175 telangiectasia vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels in the ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004177 tail telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004175 telangiectasia vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels in the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004178 neck telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004175 telangiectasia vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels in the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004179 transmission ratio distortion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001929 abnormal gametogenesis the frequency that an allele or haplotype in the offspring of an organism deviates from expected Mendelian ratios http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004180 failure of initiation of embryo turning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001700 abnormal embryo turning failure to begin the axial rotation of the germ layers of the embryo during the primitive streak/early somite stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004181 abnormal carotid artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the bilaterally paired branched arteries that deliver oxygenated nutrient filled blood from the heart to the head, neck, and brain; of the two common carotid arteries, which extend headward on each side of the anterior neck, the left originates in the arch of the aorta over the heart; the right originates in the brachiocephalic trunk, the largest branch from the arch of the aorta; each common carotid artery divides into an external and an internal carotid artery near the top of the thyroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004182 abnormal spermiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001932 abnormal spermiogenesis anomaly in the process by which mature spermatids are released from the supporting Sertoli cells into the lumen of seminiferous tubules prior to their passage to the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004183 abnormal sympathetic nervous system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006276 abnormal autonomic nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands and mediates the body's response to stressful situations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004184 abnormal baroreceptor physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004183 abnormal sympathetic nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the sensory nerve endings found in the wall of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that are sensitive to changes in blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004185 abnormal adipocyte glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology anomaly in the ability of adipocytes to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004186 abnormal area postrema morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013564 abnormal sensory circumventricular organ morphology any structural anomaly of the small, elevated area in the lateral wall of the inferior recess of the fourth ventricle, involved in the control of cardiorespiratory physiology; in addition, the area postrema is the location of the chemotoxic trigger zone at which emesis (vomiting) is induced by various toxins in the blood stream and that affect the hypothalamus to induce taste aversion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004187 cardia bifida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000270 abnormal heart tube morphology failure of the bilateral myocardial cells to coalesce into a single central heart tube resulting in the presence of two independent hearts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004188 delayed embryo turning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001700 abnormal embryo turning completion of axial rotation occurs later than in controls but is eventually completed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004189 abnormal alveolar process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030131 abnormal periodontium morphology any structural anomaly of the thickened ridge of bone in the mandible and maxilla that holds the tooth sockets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004190 abnormal direction of embryo turning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001700 abnormal embryo turning axial rotation of the embryo in a direction other than the normal anticlockwise direction when viewed towards the caudal pole during the late primitive streak/early somite stage; clockwise rotation is frequently associated with heart and visceral defects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004191 neuronal intranuclear inclusions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology presence of aggregates of protein within the nuclei of neurons; frequently seen in Huntington's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004192 abnormal kidney pyramid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology any structural anomaly of the conical mass of tissue, containing part of the secreting and collecting tubules, whose base faces the renal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004193 abnormal kidney papilla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004194 abnormal kidney pelvis morphology any structural anomaly of the apex of the renal pyramid that projects into a calyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004194 abnormal kidney pelvis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the area at the center of the kidney formed by convergence of the major calices where urine collects and is funneled into the ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004195 abnormal kidney calyx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004194 abnormal kidney pelvis morphology any structural anomaly of any of the branches of the renal pelvis that surround each renal papilla and collect urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004196 abnormal prenatal growth/weight/body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype limited or accelerated growth or development apparent before birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004197 abnormal fetal growth/weight/body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004196 abnormal prenatal growth/weight/body size limited or accelerated growth or development apparent during the fetal period (sensu Mus: from E14 through birth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004198 abnormal fetal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010866 abnormal prenatal body size anomalous proportions of a fetus compared to littermates (sensu Mus: from E14 through birth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004199 increased fetal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004198 abnormal fetal size larger proportions of a fetus compared to littermates (sensu Mus: from E14 through birth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004200 decreased fetal size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004198 abnormal fetal size smaller proportions of a fetus compared to littermates (sensu Mus: from E14 through birth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004201 fetal growth retardation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010865 prenatal growth retardation slow or limited development during the fetal period (sensu Mus: from E14 through birth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004202 pulmonary hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004882 enlarged lung increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lung, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004203 abnormal cranial flexure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003864 abnormal midbrain development any structural anomaly or absence of the sharp, ventrally concave bend in the developing midbrain of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004204 absent stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005107 abnormal stapes morphology absence of the smallest and innermost of the three auditory ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004205 absent hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone absence of the U-shaped bone lying between the mandible and the larynx that supports the tongue muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004206 abnormal dermomyotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000737 abnormal myotome development any structural anomaly of the portion of the embryonic somite that remains after migration of the sclerotomic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004207 increased squamous cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002038 increased carcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a carcinoma that arises from stratified squamous epithelium that occurs in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present, such as the skin, esophagus, lungs and cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004208 increased basal cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a slow-growing, invasive, but usually non-metastasizing neoplasm that originates from basal keratinocytes in the epidermis, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004209 abnormal sweet taste sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity changes in the ability to perceive a particular flavor or suggestion of something sweet by the chemoreceptors of the gustatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004210 abnormal bitter taste sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity changes in the ability to perceive a particular flavor or suggestion of something bitter by the chemoreceptors of the gustatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004211 abnormal sour taste sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity changes in the ability to perceive a particular flavor or suggestion of something sour by the chemoreceptors of the gustatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004212 abnormal salty taste sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity changes in the ability to perceive a particular flavor or suggestion of something salty by the chemoreceptors of the gustatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004213 abnormal umami taste sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity changes in the ability to perceive a particular flavor or suggestion of something umami (savory) by the chemoreceptors of the gustatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004214 abnormal long bone diaphysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the main or mid section (shaft) of a long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004215 abnormal myocardial fiber physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology anomaly in the function of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative, multinucleated muscle cells of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004216 salt-resistant hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000231 hypertension sustained high blood pressure that is maintained regardless of the amount of salt consumed in the diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004217 salt-sensitive hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000231 hypertension sustained high blood pressure that is maintained with a normal or increase in the amount of salt consumed in the diet; blood pressure may return to normotensive with a low salt diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004218 meiotic nondisjunction during M1 phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009566 meiotic nondisjunction abnormal separation of pairs of homologous chromosomes during anaphase of the first meiotic division such that each daughter cell receives one set of paired chromosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004219 meiotic nondisjunction during M2 phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009566 meiotic nondisjunction abnormal separation of chromosomes during anaphase of the second meiotic division such that one complete chromosome goes to each daughter cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004220 abnormal peripheral nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004858 abnormal nervous system regeneration anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of peripheral nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004221 abnormal iridocorneal angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005198 abnormal aqueous drainage system morphology any structural anomaly of the acute angle occurring between the iris and the cornea at the periphery of the anterior chamber of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004222 iris synechia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology an adhesion (synechia) of the iris to the cornea or lens of the eye that may develop from glaucoma, cataracts, uveitis, or keratitis or as a complication of surgery or trauma to the eye; synechiae may prevent or impede flow of aqueous fluid between the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye, resulting in angle closure glaucoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004223 hypoplastic trabecular meshwork http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005203 abnormal trabecular meshwork morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the trabecular meshwork of the eye, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004224 absent trabecular meshwork http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005203 abnormal trabecular meshwork morphology absence of the pore-like structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber through which aqueous humor circulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004225 patent cardiac foramen ovale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000282 abnormal interatrial septum morphology incomplete closure of the atrial septum after birth, resulting in a flap or a valve-like opening in the atrial septal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004226 absent Schlemm's canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005204 abnormal canal of Schlemm morphology absence of the vascular structure encircling the anterior chamber of the eye, through which the aqueous humor is returned to the blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004227 increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008943 increased sensitivity to induced cell death increased incidence of cell death following exposure to ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004228 decreased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008944 decreased sensitivity to induced cell death decreased incidence of cell death following exposure to ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004229 abnormal embryonic erythropoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004230 abnormal embryonic erythrocyte morphology anomaly in the development of primarily large, nucleated erythroblasts occurring in blood islands in the yolk sac, generally occurs from E7-E11 in the mouse and through 10 weeks in humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004230 abnormal embryonic erythrocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013659 abnormal erythroid lineage cell morphology any structural anomaly of the embryonic blood cells that carry oxygen; embryonic erythrocytes arise from yolk sac blood islands and express different types of hemoglobins (beta-H1, gamma-1 and zeta) than adult erythrocytes, and can enucleate in circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004231 abnormal calcium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of calcium ions within the body or between a cell and its external environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004232 decreased muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004233 abnormal muscle weight less than average muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004233 abnormal muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology any anomaly in the average muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004234 abnormal masticatory muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the muscles responsible for the movement of the jaws during mastication, including the masseter, temporal, and medial and lateral pterygoid muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004235 abnormal masseter muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004234 abnormal masticatory muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the masticatory muscle of posterior cheek with origin from the inferior border and medial surface of the zygomatic arch, with insertion into the lateral surface of the ramus of the mandible, with nerve supply from the masseteric nerve, and whose action closes the jaw during chewing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004236 absent masseter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004235 abnormal masseter muscle morphology absence of the masticatory muscle of posterior cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004237 abnormal pterygoid muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004234 abnormal masticatory muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscles descending from the sphenoid bone to the lower jaw including the internal, or medial, pterygoid muscle and external, or lateral, pterygoid muscle; the action of the former is closing the jaws and that of the latter is opening the jaws, protruding the mandible, and moving the mandible from side to side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004238 absent pterygoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004237 abnormal pterygoid muscle morphology absence of either the internal or external or of both pterygoid muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004239 abnormal temporalis muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004234 abnormal masticatory muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the superior-most masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws; its posterior portion retracts the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004240 absent temporalis muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004239 abnormal temporalis muscle morphology absence of the superior-most masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws; its posterior portion retracts the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004241 acantholysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001236 abnormal epidermis stratum spinosum morphology separation of prickle cells of the spinous layer of the epidermis, resulting in atrophy of the prickle cell layer, as in conditions such as pemphigus vulgaris and Darier disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004242 abnormal plasmacytoid dendritic cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005461 abnormal dendritic cell morphology any structural anomaly of phagocytic dendritic cells that are morphologically similar to plasma cells, but do not express B lineage markers, and produce large amounts of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-/) in response to viral and bacterial stimuli; plasmacytoid dendritic cells are found in the thymic medulla and lymph node T cell areas and are responsible for immune tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004243 abnormal motor nerve collateral sprouting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010726 abnormal collateral sprouting aberrant response of a motor neuron to form new neuritic processes (sprouts) that emerge from the nodes of Ranvier or terminal arborizations in response to nerve injury (such as denervation), application of nerve toxin, or muscle inactivity (usually due to disease) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004244 abnormal miscarriage rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy change in frequency of a natural or accidental termination of a pregnancy at a stage where the embryo or the fetus is incapable of surviving independently of the mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004245 genital hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology bleeding into the genitals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004246 abnormal extensor digitorum longus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021206 abnormal limb muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the penniform muscle of the lateral front part of the leg responsible for extension of the toes and dorsiflexion of the ankle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004247 small pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009106 abnormal pancreas size decrease of the size of the pancreas compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004248 abnormal epaxial muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscles derived from the medial myotome; includes the intrinsic back muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004249 abnormal crista ampullaris morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008488 abnormal semicircular canal ampulla morphology any structural anomaly in the elevation found on the inner surface of the ampullae of each semicircular duct; filaments of the vestibular nerve pass through the crista to reach hair cells on its surface; the hair cells are capped by the cupula, a gelatinous protein-polysaccharide mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004250 tau protein deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies formation of self-assembled tangles of paired helical filaments and straight filaments due to hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein; often seen in neuronal tissues of individuals with neurodegenerative disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004251 failure of heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000269 abnormal heart looping failure of the primitive heart tube to loop asymmetrically during early development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004252 abnormal direction of heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000269 abnormal heart looping deviation from the characteristic rightward direction of looping of the primitive heart tube; frequently seen in heterotaxy syndromes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004253 bifid atrial appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010489 abnormal heart atrium auricular region morphology a cardiac anomaly whereby the left or right atrial appendage is cleaved, forming two separate pouches connected by a thin strand of muscular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004254 cerebral amyloid angiopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies a pathological condition where there is a deposition of amyloid in the walls of the small cerebral vessels which supply the brain; this results in an increased risk of infarcts and/or intracerebral hemorrhage, possibly resulting in dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004255 abnormal spongiotrophoblast layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008957 abnormal placenta junctional zone morphology any structural anomaly of the middle layer of the placenta between the outermost giant cells and the innermost labyrinth layer; it has a structural role and also produces several layer-specific secreted factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004256 abnormal maternal decidual layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology any structural anomaly of the maternal uterine-derived portion of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004257 abnormal placenta weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004258 abnormal placenta size any change in the weight of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004258 abnormal placenta size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology anomaly in the size or shape of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004259 small placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004258 abnormal placenta size reduced size of the size or shape of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004260 enlarged placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004258 abnormal placenta size increased size of the size or shape of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004261 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial cell layer that lines the neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004262 abnormal physical strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement altered ability of an organism to exert force on physical objects or of the body to support its load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004263 abnormal limb posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001504 abnormal posture atypical intentionally or habitually assumed position of the limbs compared to the normal carriage of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype any functional anomaly of the membranes involved with embryonic protection and nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004265 abnormal placental transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010038 abnormal placenta physiology anomaly in the conveyance of metabolic products and nutrients across the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004266 pale placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology placenta lacking normal reddish coloration, often refers to bloodless condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004267 abnormal optic tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008026 abnormal brain white matter morphology any structural anomaly of the paired bands of optic nerve fibers running from the optic chiasma mostly to the lateral geniculate body, with a smaller number of fibers terminating in the superior colliculus and the pretectal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004268 abnormal optic stalk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development any structural anomaly of the narrow, proximal portion of the optic vesicle which connects the embryonic eye and forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004269 abnormal optic cup morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development any structural anomaly of double walled structure formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and neuronal layers of the retina, with the mouth of the optic cup developing into the pupil of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004270 analgesia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001968 abnormal touch/ nociception inability to sense pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004272 abnormal basement membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013258 abnormal extracellular matrix morphology anomaly in the structure, organization and/or placement of the extracellular supportive tissue adjacent to the basal surface of the epithelia, including the epithelium of muscle cells, fat cells and Schwann cells; it is comprised of type IV collagen, laminin, and sulfated proteoglycans and other components and consists of two layers, the basal lamina and the lamina reticularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004273 abnormal basal lamina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004272 abnormal basement membrane morphology any structural anomaly of the sheet of extracellular matrix characteristically situated under epithelial cells, around muscles, nerves, capillaries, and fat cells, and situated between these elements and the underlying or surrounding connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004274 abnormal embryonic/fetal subventricular zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development any structural anomaly of the transient proliferative population of neurons that expands exponentially during late prenatal development; it is a continuous germinal zone distinct from the ventricular zone that surrounds the brain ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004275 abnormal postnatal subventricular zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any structural anomaly of the mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the brain ventricles in the adult that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004276 abnormal medial ganglionic eminence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004274 abnormal embryonic/fetal subventricular zone morphology any structural anomaly of a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the neocortex; however, hippocampal neurons, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the MGE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004277 abnormal lateral ganglionic eminence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004274 abnormal embryonic/fetal subventricular zone morphology any structural anomaly of a distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004278 abnormal caudal ganglionic eminence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004274 abnormal embryonic/fetal subventricular zone morphology any structural anomaly of the caudally located, distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone, located adjacent to the lateral ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004279 abnormal rostral migratory stream morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002739 abnormal olfactory bulb development any structural anomaly of the transient structure formed by neurons migrating from the subventricular zone into the olfactory bulbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004280 abnormal oculomotor nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology any structural anomaly of the group of motor neurons in the floor of the midbrain that gives rise to motor fibers of the oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004281 abnormal hypoglossal nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000846 abnormal medulla oblongata morphology any structural anomaly of the group of motor neurons throughout most of the length of the medulla oblongata that give rise to the motor fibers of the hypoglossal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004282 retrognathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology abnormal posterior-shifted positioning of the upper or lower jaw relative to the facial skeleton and soft tissues; a type of malocclusion, that is, misalignment of the teeth caused by abnormal positioning of the jaws; the mandible is more frequently affected than the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004283 absent corneal endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005301 abnormal corneal endothelium morphology absence of the single layer of large flattened cells that cover the surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004284 abnormal Descemet membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology any structural anomaly in the transparent homogeneous acellular layer found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea, considered to be a highly developed basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004285 absent Descemet membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004284 abnormal Descemet membrane morphology absence of the transparent homogeneous acellular layer normally found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004286 abnormal internal auditory canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly in the canal beginning at the opening of the internal acoustic meatus in the posterior cranial fossa, passing laterally through the petrous portion of the temporal bone to end at the fundus, where a thin plate of bone separates it from the vestibule; it gives passage to the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves together with the labyrinthine artery and veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004287 abnormal spiral limbus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly in the border of the spiral lamina, i.e. the thickened periosteum covering the upper plate of the bony spiral lamina of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004288 abnormal spiral ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly in the thickened periosteal lining of the bony cochlea that forms the outer wall of the cochlear duct to which the basal lamina attaches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004289 abnormal bony labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology any structural anomaly in the series of cavities (cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals) contained within the otic capsule of the petrous portion of the temporal bone; the bony labyrinth is filled with perilymph, in which the delicate, endolymph-filled membranous labyrinth is suspended http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004290 abnormal stapes footplate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005107 abnormal stapes morphology any structural anomaly in the flat portion of the stapes that fits in the oval window http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004292 abnormal spiral ligament fibrocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004288 abnormal spiral ligament morphology any structural anomaly in the four types of fibrocytes (types I, II , III and IV) that constitute the spiral ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004293 abnormal type I spiral ligament fibrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004292 abnormal spiral ligament fibrocyte morphology any structural anomaly of type I spiral ligament fibrocytes which occupy the region beneath the stria vascularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004294 abnormal type II spiral ligament fibrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004292 abnormal spiral ligament fibrocyte morphology any structural anomaly of type II spiral ligament fibrocytes found in the suprastrial zone and the central area of the spiral ligament beneath the spiral prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004295 abnormal type III spiral ligament fibrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004292 abnormal spiral ligament fibrocyte morphology any structural anomaly of type III spiral ligament fibrocytes which form a cell layer attached to the otic capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004296 abnormal type IV spiral ligament fibrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004292 abnormal spiral ligament fibrocyte morphology any structural anomaly of type IV spiral ligament fibrocytes found in the triangular space inferior to the basilar crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004297 abnormal proprioceptive neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000965 abnormal sensory neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia that sense body position and send information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004298 vestibular ganglion degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002856 abnormal vestibular ganglion morphology loss of the group of bipolar sensory nerve cell bodies concerned with equilibration that form a swelling on the vestibular part of the eighth cranial nerve in the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004299 absent vestibular ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002856 abnormal vestibular ganglion morphology absence of the group of bipolar sensory nerve cell bodies concerned with equilibration that form a swelling on the vestibular part of the eighth cranial nerve in the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004300 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000042 abnormal organ of Corti morphology any structural anomaly in the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features surrounding the hair cells in the organ of Corti; inner hair cells (IHCs) are normally surrounded by (inner and outer) phalangeal cells while OHCs are in contact with Deiters and pillar cells; Hensen cells are positioned further laterally in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004301 absent organ of Corti supporting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004497 decreased organ of Corti supporting cell number absence of the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features that surround all hair cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004302 abnormal Deiters cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004300 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell morphology any structural anomaly in the supporting cells of the spiral organ which are attached to the basement membrane and receive the hair cells between their free extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004303 abnormal Hensen cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004300 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell morphology any structural anomaly in the supporting cells that form the lateral border of the organ of Corti, immediately to the outer side of Deiters' cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004304 absent spiral limbus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004287 abnormal spiral limbus morphology absence of the border of the spiral lamina, i.e. the thickened periosteum covering the upper plate of the bony spiral lamina of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004305 abnormal Rosenthal canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002729 abnormal inner ear canal morphology any structural anomaly in the winding tube of the bony labyrinth that makes two and a half turns about the modiolus of the cochlea; it is divided incompletely into two compartments by a winding shelf of bone, the bony spiral lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004306 small Rosenthal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004305 abnormal Rosenthal canal morphology reduced size of the winding tube of the bony labyrinth that makes two and a half turns about the modiolus of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004307 absent Rosenthal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004305 abnormal Rosenthal canal morphology absence of the winding tube of the bony labyrinth that makes two and a half turns about the modiolus of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004308 abnormal basilar membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly in the membrane extending from the bony spiral membrane to the basilar crest of the cochlea; it forms the greater part of the floor of the cochlear duct separating the latter from the scala tympani, and it supports the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004309 absent otic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009806 abnormal otic vesicle morphology absence of the simple epithelial sac formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004310 small otic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009806 abnormal otic vesicle morphology reduced size of the simple epithelial sac formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004311 otic vesicle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004310 small otic vesicle decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the otic vesicle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004312 absent pillar cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003825 abnormal pillar cell morphology absence of the supporting cells that form the inner and outer walls of the tunnel in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004313 absent vestibulocochlear ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003703 abnormal vestibulocochlear ganglion morphology absence of the group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004314 absent inner ear vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000034 abnormal inner ear vestibule morphology absence of the cavity between the semicircular canals and the cochlea of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004315 absent vestibular saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology absence of the smaller of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004316 enlarged vestibular saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology enlarged size of the cavity between the semicircular canals and the cochlea of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004317 small vestibular saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology reduced size of the cavity between the semicircular canals and the cochlea of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004318 absent incus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005106 abnormal incus morphology absence of the middle of the three auditory ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004319 absent malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000040 absent middle ear ossicles absence of the largest of the three auditory ossicles, which resembles a club or hammer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004320 split sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology the appearance of an abnormal division in the long flat bone of the chest which articulates with clavicle and first seven rib pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004321 short sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology reduced length of the long flat bone of the chest which articulates with clavicle and first seven rib pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004322 abnormal sternebra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology any structural anomaly of one segments of the primordial sternum of the embryo; these segments fuse to form the body of the adult vertebrate sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004323 sternum hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the sternum, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004324 vestibular hair cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003224 neuron degeneration degeneration or loss of the sensory epithelial cells of the maculae and cristae of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear which are normally in synaptic contact with the vestibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004325 absent vestibular hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004328 decreased vestibular hair cell number absence of the sensory epithelial cells of the maculae and cristae of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear which are normally in synaptic contact with the vestibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004326 abnormal vestibular hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002623 abnormal vestibular hair cell morphology abnormal number of cells in the sensory epithelium of the maculae and cristae of the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004327 increased vestibular hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006006 increased sensory neuron number increased number of cells in the sensory epithelium of the maculae and cristae of the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear which are normally in synaptic contact with the vestibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004328 decreased vestibular hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004326 abnormal vestibular hair cell number decreased number of cells in the sensory epithelium of the maculae and cristae of the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear which are normally in synaptic contact with the vestibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004329 vestibular saccular degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology degeneration or loss of the smaller of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004330 abnormal vestibular saccular macula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology any structural anomaly of the oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004331 vestibular saccular macula degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004330 abnormal vestibular saccular macula morphology degeneration or loss of the oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004332 utricular degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology degeneration or loss of the larger of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004333 abnormal utricular macula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology any structural anomaly of the neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies; normally sensitive to linear acceleration in the longitudinal axis of the body and to gravitational influences http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004334 utricular macular degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004333 abnormal utricular macula morphology degeneration or loss of the neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004335 enlarged utricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology increased size of the larger of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004336 small utricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology reduced size of the larger of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004337 clavicle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004338 small clavicle decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the clavicle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004338 small clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005298 abnormal clavicle morphology reduced size of one or both of the doubly curved long bone that forms part of the shoulder girdle and articulates with the sternum and the scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004339 absent clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005298 abnormal clavicle morphology missing one or both of the doubly curved long bone that forms part of the shoulder girdle and articulates with the sternum and the scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004340 short scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004343 small scapula reduced length of either or both of the large, flat bones of the back part of the shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004341 absent scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology missing either or both of the large, flat bones of the back part of the shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004342 scapular bone foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology presence of a hole in either or both of the large, flat bones of the back part of the shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004343 small scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology reduced size of either or both of the large, flat bones of the back part of the shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004344 scapular bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004343 small scapula decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the scapular bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004345 abnormal acromion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology any structural anomaly of the lateral end of the spine of the scapula which projects as a broad flattened process and articulates with the clavicle, and forms the point of the shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004346 absent acromion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004345 abnormal acromion morphology lack of the lateral end of the spine of the scapula which projects as a broad flattened process and articulates with the clavicle, and forms the point of the shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004391 abnormal respiratory conducting tube morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of the tubes of the respiratory system that allow passage of air from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004426 abnormal cochlear labyrinth morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000035 abnormal membranous labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly in the portion of the membranous labyrinth concerned with the sense of hearing (vs. the vestibular labyrinth, which is concerned with the sense of equilibration) and innervated by the cochlear nerve; it is located within the cochlea of the bony labyrinth, and consists of the cochlear duct, which contains the spiral organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004427 abnormal vestibular labyrinth morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000035 abnormal membranous labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly in the portion of the membranous labyrinth concerned with the sense of equilibration (vs. the cochlear labyrinth, which is concerned with the sense of hearing) and innervated by the vestibular nerve; it is located within the semicircular canals and vestibule of the bony labyrinth, and consists of the utricle, saccule, and the semicircular, utriculosaccular, and endolymphatic ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004468 small zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005270 abnormal zygomatic bone morphology reduced size of the quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004470 small nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000102 abnormal nasal bone morphology reduced size of either of two rectangular bone plates forming the bridge of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004474 enlarged nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000102 abnormal nasal bone morphology increased size of either of two rectangular bone plates forming the bridge of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004497 decreased organ of Corti supporting cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004496 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell number decreased number of the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features which surround the hair cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004508 abnormal pectoral girdle bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009250 abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the bones of the shoulder by which the limbs attach to the axial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004537 abnormal palatine bone horizontal plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009891 abnormal palate bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bony plate of the palatine bone that normally fuses with maxillary shelf to form secondary (hard) palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004538 abnormal maxillary shelf morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009891 abnormal palate bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bony projection of the maxilla that normally fuses with palatine shelf to form secondary (hard) palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004540 small maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000455 abnormal maxilla morphology reduced size of the upper bony framework of the mouth where the superior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004543 abnormal sperm physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003698 abnormal male reproductive system physiology anomaly in the normal function of spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004592 small mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000458 abnormal mandible morphology reduced size of the lower bony framework of the mouth where the inferior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004600 abnormal vertebral transverse process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004599 abnormal vertebral arch morphology any structural anomaly of the bony protrusions on either side of the arch of a vertebrae at the point where the lamina joins the pedicle, between the superior and inferior articular processes; muscles and ligaments attach to these processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004604 abnormal vertebral pedicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004599 abnormal vertebral arch morphology any structural anomaly of the two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body to the laminae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002114 abnormal axial skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the bony and cartilaginous structure enclosing the thoracic cavity, consisting of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, costal cartilages, and sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004625 abnormal rib joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology any anomaly in the normal joining of the ribs to the vertebral column or to the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004631 abnormal auditory cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000801 abnormal temporal lobe morphology any structural anomaly in the region of the cerebral cortex that receives the auditory radiation from the medial geniculate body, a thalamic cell group receiving auditory input from the cochlear nuclei in the rhombencephalon and is responsible for processing of auditory (sound) information http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004644 increased vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004643 abnormal vertebrae number an increase over the normal number of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004645 decreased vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004643 abnormal vertebrae number a reduction from the normal number of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004686 decreased length of long bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology reduced end-to-end length of the several elongated bones of the extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004695 increased length of long bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology greater end-to-end length of the several elongated bones of the extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002114 abnormal axial skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the complete structure forming the rostral-caudal axis of the skeleton formed from the alternating segments of vertebra and intervertebral discs which support the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004720 abnormal platelet morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013658 abnormal myeloid cell morphology any structural anomaly of blood plasma cells derived from megakaryocytes, which function to promote blood clotting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004787 abnormal dorsal aorta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003410 abnormal artery development any structural anomaly of the paired arterial structures of the embryo that supplies each developing somite via efferent segmental arteries; the dorsal aortae articulate with the umbilical arteries, which return mixed blood to the villi of the chorion for reoxygenation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004806 absent germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002209 decreased germ cell number absence of germ cells, that is, any of the reproductive (generative) cells of a multicellular organism, whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004818 increased skeletal muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004817 abnormal skeletal muscle mass increase in the physical bulk, or total amount of matter contained within skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004832 enlarged ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly increased size of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004847 abnormal liver weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004848 abnormal liver size anomaly in the average weight of the bile-secreting exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004848 abnormal liver size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology anomaly in the average size of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004849 abnormal testis size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology anomaly in the size of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004853 abnormal ovary size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology anomaly in the average size of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004857 abnormal heart weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005406 abnormal heart size anomaly in the average weight of the heart compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004858 abnormal nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004859 abnormal synaptic plasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021009 abnormal synaptic physiology anomaly in the ability of a synapse to change its strength as a result of successive activations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004870 small premaxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002820 abnormal premaxilla morphology reduced size of the anterior and interior portion of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004874 abnormal timing of postnatal eyelid opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology anomaly in the average time for the first postnatal eye opening, or failure of eyes to ever open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004881 abnormal lung size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology anomaly in the size of the lung compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004882 enlarged lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly increased size of the lung compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004884 abnormal testis physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013327 abnormal male reproductive gland physiology any functional anomaly of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004901 decreased male germ cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006362 abnormal male germ cell morphology reduced numbers of male germ cells whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004902 abnormal uterus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology anomaly in the size of the female organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004906 enlarged uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004902 abnormal uterus size increased size of the female muscular organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004907 abnormal seminal vesicle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology anomaly in the size of one or both of the two folded, sac shaped, glands that is a diverticulum of the ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005386 behavior/neurological phenotype any anomaly in the actions, reactions, or performance of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004937 dilated heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology stretched or widened aperture of one or more of the luminal spaces of the heart, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004939 abnormal B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002619 abnormal lymphocyte morphology any structural anomaly of lymphocytes that expresses membrane-bound immunoglobulin complexes in the mature form, and differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells and memory cells upon interaction with antigen; B cells are the primary lymphocyte responsible for humoral immunity, and are most effective against extracellular pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004945 abnormal bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002998 abnormal bone remodeling anomaly in the process of degrading the organic and inorganic phases of bone by absorption, usually by the abnormal function or by absence of osteoclasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004947 skin inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004957 abnormal blastocyst morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014137 abnormal preimplantation embryo morphology any structural anomaly of the preimplantation embryo of mammals consisting of a hollow sphere of cells with an outer cell layer (trophoblast) that forms the placenta, a fluid-filled cavity (blastocoele), and a cluster of cells on the interior (the inner cell mass) that forms the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004958 enlarged prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004959 abnormal prostate gland size increased size of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004959 abnormal prostate gland size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology anomaly in the average size of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004963 abnormal blastocoele morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004957 abnormal blastocyst morphology any structural anomaly the fluid-filled cavity of the blastocyst of the preimplantation embryo of mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004996 abnormal CNS synapse formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development any anomaly in the process of generating the initial connections between an axon and effector tissue or neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005005 abnormal self tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005000 abnormal immune tolerance a defect in the normal lack of response to autologous (self) antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005010 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha beta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012762 abnormal alpha-beta T cell morphology any structural anomaly of the regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005014 increased B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005013 increased lymphocyte cell number greater than normal number of cells that are formed in the bone marrow, migrate to the peripheral lymphatic system, and mature into plasma cells or memory cells; these cells are involved in humoral immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005015 increased T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005013 increased lymphocyte cell number greater than normal T cell numbers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005016 decreased lymphocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000717 abnormal lymphocyte cell number fewer than normal number of the cells involved in adaptive immune reactions of the body in most inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including B cells, T cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005018 decreased T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006387 abnormal T cell number fewer than normal T cell numbers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005019 abnormal early pro-B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005432 abnormal pro-B cell morphology any structural anomaly of cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that undergo D-J rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005020 abnormal late pro-B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005432 abnormal pro-B cell morphology any structural anomaly of the cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that undergo V-DJ rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005023 abnormal wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury aberrant process of repair of trauma to any tissues of the body, especially that caused by physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005025 abnormal response to infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020000 abnormal response to antigen any anomaly in the body's reaction to invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in its tissues, or the body's reaction to components of or toxins produced by pathogenic microorganisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005029 abnormal amnion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005031 abnormal trophoblast layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology any structural anomaly of the mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005032 abnormal ectoplacental cone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012056 abnormal polar trophectoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005033 abnormal trophoblast giant cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012057 abnormal mural trophectoderm morphology anomaly of the cells covering the blastocyst that erode the uterine mucosa and contribute to the formation of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005034 abnormal anus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology any structural anomaly of the lower opening of the digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005036 diarrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003866 abnormal defecation abnormally frequent discharge of semi-solid or fluid fecal matter from the bowel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation any anomaly in the formation within a tissue or the vascular lumen of a thrombus, an aggregation of coagulated blood containing platelets, fibrin, and entrapped cellular elements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005061 abnormal eosinophil morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002441 abnormal granulocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin and is involved in clearance of parasitic infections and in allergic reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005065 abnormal neutrophil morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008251 abnormal phagocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005072 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology any structural anomaly of the pigment particles in the hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology anomaly in the process whereby relatively unspecialized cells, e. g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005083 abnormal biliary tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002138 abnormal hepatobiliary system morphology any structural anomaly of the gall bladder or its bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005084 abnormal gallbladder morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005083 abnormal biliary tract morphology any structural anomaly of the organ which serves as a storage reservoir for bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005085 abnormal gallbladder physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002139 abnormal hepatobiliary system physiology any functional anomaly of the organ that stores and concentrates bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002116 abnormal craniofacial bone morphology any structural anomaly of the three small bones of the middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005106 abnormal incus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology any structural anomaly of the anvil-shaped, central bone of the three auditory ossicles which articulates with the head of the malleus anteromedially and the stapes inferomedially; its parts include: a body which articulates with the head of the malleus, and to which the superior ligament of the incus is attached (to the roof of the middle ear cavity); a long crus down to the lentiform process (lenticular process) which articulates with the stapes; and a short crus to which the posterior ligament of the incus is attached http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005107 abnormal stapes morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology any structural anomaly of the smallest and innermost of the three auditory ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005117 increased circulating pituitary hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005116 abnormal circulating pituitary hormone level greater than expected concentration of any of the pituitary hormones in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005118 decreased circulating pituitary hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005116 abnormal circulating pituitary hormone level less than expected concentration of any of the pituitary hormones found in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005128 decreased adrenocorticotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003972 decreased pituitary hormone level decreased concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005129 increased adrenocorticotropin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003973 increased pituitary hormone level increased concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005130 decreased follicle stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003972 decreased pituitary hormone level less than expected concentration of the hormone that, in females, stimulates the graafian follicles of the ovary and assists in follicular maturation and the secretion of estradiol; in the male it stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and is partly responsible for spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005131 increased follicle stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003973 increased pituitary hormone level greater than expected concentration of the hormone that, in females, stimulates the graafian follicles of the ovary and assists in follicular maturation and the secretion of estradiol; in the male it stimulates the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules and is partly responsible for spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005132 decreased luteinizing hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003972 decreased pituitary hormone level lower than normal concentration of LH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005133 increased luteinizing hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003973 increased pituitary hormone level higher than normal levels of LH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005147 prostate gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002774 small prostate gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype anomaly in the body's reaction to trauma, especially that by physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005165 increased susceptibility to injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury greater than the normal reaction to trauma, especially that by physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005166 decreased susceptibility to injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury less than the normal reaction to trauma, especially that by physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005178 increased circulating cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003982 increased cholesterol level greater than the normal amount in the blood of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005179 decreased circulating cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003983 decreased cholesterol level less than the normal amount in the blood of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005180 abnormal circulating testosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011385 abnormal testosterone level anomaly in the blood concentration of a potent androgen that promotes development of male secondary sex characteristics and the development of spermatozoa and may regulate sexual desire and help maintain bone and muscle health in both males and females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009199 abnormal external male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the organ of copulation and urination in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005189 abnormal anogenital distance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003315 abnormal perineum morphology in comparison to the norm, aberration in the measure of the length of space from the genitals to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005194 abnormal anterior uvea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005197 abnormal uvea morphology any structural anomaly of any of the parts of the front, or ventral, portion of the vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, including the ciliary body and the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005195 abnormal posterior eye segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005198 abnormal aqueous drainage system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005194 abnormal anterior uvea morphology any structural anomaly of the structures associated with drainage of the aqueous humor from the eye, that include the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, the uveoscleral network, and the aqueous veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005203 abnormal trabecular meshwork morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004221 abnormal iridocorneal angle any structural anomaly in the pore-like structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber through which aqueous humor circulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005204 abnormal canal of Schlemm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004221 abnormal iridocorneal angle any structural anomaly in the vascular structure encircling the anterior chamber of the eye, through which the aqueous humor is returned to the blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005217 abnormal pancreatic beta cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology any structural anomaly of a cell that secretes insulin and is located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005220 abnormal exocrine pancreas morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the acinar gland portion of the pancreas that secretes digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005221 abnormal rostral-caudal axis patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning anomaly in the development or formation of the axis that runs from the head to the tail of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005238 increased brain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000771 abnormal brain size larger than the normal physical proportions of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005248 abnormal Harderian gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013544 abnormal merocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the retroocular sebaceous gland found within the orbit of mammals that possess a nictitating membrane (third eyelid); the chief products of the gland vary between different groups of vertebrates, and epithelial cells possess granules or vacuoles whose contents may be mucous, serous or lipid; in rodents, the Harderian gland is especially large and secretes lipids (by a merocrine mechanism), melatonin and porphyrins; ascribed functions include a role in lubrication and protection for the eyeball and nictitating membrane (by lipids), photoprotection (by porphyrin), photoreception (by regulation of the incidence of light on the retina), and thermoregulation (in some rodents) of the sebaceous gland located behind the eyeball that excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005252 abnormal Meibomian gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009535 abnormal skin sebaceous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the sebaceous glands embedded in the tarsal plate of each eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005391 vision/eye phenotype any functional anomaly and/or activity of the spheroid organ and optic nerve that serves to detect light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype any anomaly in the processes that cause many of the chemical changes in living organisms, including anabolism and catabolism; metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the skull that comprises the facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005275 abnormal skin tensile strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology change from the normal maximum tension the skin can withstand without tearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005277 abnormal brainstem morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any structural anomaly of the stalk-like part of the brain that comprises the midbrain (aka mesencephalon), the pons (aka pons Varolii), and the medulla oblongata, and connects the cerebral hemispheres with the cervical spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005278 abnormal cholesterol homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of cholesterol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005281 increased fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005280 abnormal fatty acids level elevated concentration of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax; natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons (usually unbranched and even-numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005282 decreased fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005280 abnormal fatty acids level reduction in the concentration of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax; natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons (usually unbranched and even-numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of one or both of the two lower chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005298 abnormal clavicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004508 abnormal pectoral girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of the doubly curved long bone that forms part of the shoulder girdle and articulates with the sternum and the scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005300 abnormal corneal stroma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology any structural anomaly of the lamellated connective tissue of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005301 abnormal corneal endothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology any structural anomaly of the single layer of large flattened cells that cover the surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005306 abnormal phalanx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly of any of the long bones of the digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005310 abnormal salivary gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013557 abnormal merocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of any of the glands in the mouth that secrete saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level any anomaly in the amount in the blood of a carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005316 abnormal response to tactile stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012079 abnormal spinal reflex anomaly in the reflex action normally induced by touch or pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005317 increased triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000187 abnormal triglyceride level greater concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005318 decreased triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000187 abnormal triglyceride level reduced concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis altered level of any enzyme or their cofactors, that act as catalysts to induce chemical changes in other substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002827 abnormal renal corpuscle morphology any structural anomaly of the tuft formed of capillary loops and mesangium at the beginning of each nephretic tubule in the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010630 abnormal cardiac muscle tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005330 cardiomyopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology diseases of the heart (myocardium); may result from many causes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005342 abnormal intestinal lipid absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis any anomaly in the ability of the body to take up lipids into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005345 abnormal circulating corticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003963 abnormal corticosterone level anomaly in the amount of the adrenocortical steroid in the blood that induces glycogen deposition and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005346 abnormal circulating aldosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011415 abnormal aldosterone level anomaly in the blood concentration of the hormone that is secreted by the adrenal cortex and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion in the distal renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002425 abnormal susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop disease characterized by production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002425 abnormal susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop disease characterized by production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005355 enlarged thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology increased size of the endocrine gland located in the front and to the sides of the upper part of the trachea, and which secretes thyroid hormone and calcitonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005358 abnormal incisor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology any structural anomaly of the long teeth, normally consisting of two pairs, top and bottom, that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005360 urolithiasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology presence of calculi in any part of the urinary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005361 small pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008936 abnormal pituitary gland size reduced size of the pituitary gland, the compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005362 abnormal Langerhans cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002376 abnormal dendritic cell physiology atypical or failure of normal function of the stellate dendritic cell of myeloid origin, that appears clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005366 variegated coat color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000372 irregular coat pigmentation an irregular and random patchwork of two or more colors in the coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005367 renal/urinary system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of any of the organs or tissues responsible for fluid volume regulation, regulating electrolytes, maintaining acid-base homeostasis, and elimination of water and water soluble waste products in a mammalian organism that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005369 muscle phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian tissue composed of contractile cells or fibers that effects movement of an organ or part of the body that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005370 liver/biliary system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian liver, gall bladder, or bile ducts that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005371 limbs/digits/tail phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the subdivision of a mammalian organism that protrudes from the body that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005375 adipose tissue phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of mammalian fat tissue that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics related to a state of equilibrium in the body with respect to various functions and to chemical composition of the fluids and tissues or the processes that cause many of the chemical changes in living mammalian organisms that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005377 hearing/vestibular/ear phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of mammalian system responsible for the perception of spatial orientation and auditory stimuli that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics related to the overall or change in physical magnitude or an anatomical structure which is a subpart of the whole organism manifested in a mammalian organism through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005379 endocrine/exocrine gland phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of an organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ in a mammalian organism that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the manifested in a mammalian organism before birth, including embryonic and fetal stages and embryonic and extraembryonic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005381 digestive/alimentary phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian system dedicated to the mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic processing of food that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005382 craniofacial phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the face or head of a mammalian organism that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005384 cellular phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the basic structural and functional unit of all mammalian organisms that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005385 cardiovascular system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian heart, blood vessels, or circulatory system that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005387 immune system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005388 respiratory system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian system responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005389 reproductive system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian organs associated with producing offspring that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005390 skeleton phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the bone, cartilage, teeth, tendons, ligaments and other associated tissues of the bony framework ot the body of a mammalian organism that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005391 vision/eye phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian spheroid organ and optic nerve that serve to detect light that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005394 taste/olfaction phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the organs involved in and perception of taste and smell in a mammalian organism that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005397 hematopoietic system phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the mammalian blood cells or the organs associated with the development and formation of blood cells that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005402 abnormal action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology change in the electric response of a nerve or other excitable tissue to its stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008415 abnormal neurite morphology any structural anomaly of the single process of a nerve cell that normally conducts impulses away from the cell body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005405 axon degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002229 neurodegeneration retrogressive pathologic change in the single process of a nerve cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005406 abnormal heart size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology change from normal in the physical magnitude of the cardiac muscle or any of its component structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005407 hyperalgesia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001970 abnormal pain threshold increased sensitivity to painful stimuli; can be due to inflammatory response or due to damage to soft tissue containing nociceptors or injury to a peripheral nerve; it can be primary (at the site of the injury) or secondary (in the surrounding undamaged area) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005410 abnormal fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology anomaly in the process beginning with penetration of the secondary oocyte by the spermatozoon and completed by fusion of the male and female pronuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level anomaly in the amount in the blood of any of the macromolecules consisting of long chains of amino acids in peptide linkage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the blood concentration of any of the chemical substances that have specific regulatory effects on the activity of a certain organ or organs; originally applied to substances secreted by various endocrine glands and transported in the bloodstream to the target organs, it is sometimes extended to include substances that are not produced by the endocrine glands but that have similar effects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005438 abnormal glycogen homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of glycogen, a readily converted carbohydrate reserve found in most tissues of the body, especially liver and muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission anomaly in the production or release of endogenous signaling molecules into a synaptic cleft; neurotransmitters are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005449 abnormal food intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior any anomaly in the total number of calories/food amount taken in over time when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005451 abnormal body composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype aberrant relative amount and distribution of bone, body fat, muscle or lean tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005452 abnormal adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology more or less than the normal total amount of connective tissue composed of fat cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005455 increased susceptibility to weight gain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011117 abnormal susceptibility to weight gain greater increase in body weight over time when compared to the average increase in weight on the same diet, with equal energy (calorie) intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005460 abnormal leukopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020981 abnormal immune system development any anomaly in the process of generating white blood cells (leukocytes) from the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells of the bone marrow; two significant pathways generate various types of leukocytes: myelopoiesis, in which leukocytes in the blood are derived from myeloid stem cells, and lymphopoiesis, in which leukocytes of the lymphatic system (lymphocytes) are generated from lymphoid stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005461 abnormal dendritic cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008246 abnormal leukocyte morphology any structural anomaly of a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005468 abnormal thyroid hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level aberrant concentration of any of the hormones secreted by the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005500 abnormal gustatory system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005394 taste/olfaction phenotype any structural anomaly of the organs involved in taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010771 integument phenotype any functional anomaly of the membranous protective covering of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005502 abnormal renal/urinary system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005367 renal/urinary system phenotype any functional anomaly of any of the organs or tissues responsible for fluid volume regulation, regulating electrolytes, maintaining acid-base homeostasis, and elimination of water and water soluble waste products in an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005503 abnormal tendon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous bands or cords of connective tissue at the ends of muscle fibers that attach muscles to bones and other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the flexible bands of fibrous tissue that connect the articular extremities of bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005390 skeleton phenotype any structural anomaly of the bony framework of the body in vertebrates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005532 abnormal vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation deviation from the normal force opposing the flow of blood through a vascular bed; it is equal to the difference in blood pressure across the vascular bed divided by the cardiac output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005537 abnormal cerebral aqueduct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002200 abnormal brain ventricular system morphology any structural anomaly of the channel in the mesencephalon that connects the third and fourth ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005543 decreased cornea thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011961 abnormal cornea thickness decreased thickness of the cornea, the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005545 abnormal lens development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001303 abnormal lens morphology aberrant formation of the transparent structure of the eye responsible for focusing light rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005546 choroidal neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006237 abnormal choroid vasculature morphology new, abnormal, vessel development of the thin, highly vascularized membrane covering most of the posterior of the eye between the retina and the sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005551 abnormal eye electrophysiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology any functional anomaly of the eye as determined through electrophysiological recordings from single cells or summary recordings from multiple cells (e.g. electroretinogram) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005559 increased circulating glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000188 abnormal circulating glucose level greater than the normal concentration in the blood of this major monosaccharide of the body; it is an important energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005560 decreased circulating glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000188 abnormal circulating glucose level less than the normal concentration in the blood of this major monosaccharide of the body; it is an important energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005563 abnormal hemoglobin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001588 abnormal hemoglobin deviation from the normal total hemoglobin content in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005575 increased pulmonary ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002338 abnormal pulmonary ventilation increase in the respiratory minute volume, or the total volume of gas per minute inspired or expired expressed in liters per minute; refers to the exchange of air between the total respiratory space and the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005576 decreased pulmonary ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002338 abnormal pulmonary ventilation reduction in the respiratory minute volume, or the total volume of gas per minute inspired or expired expressed in liters per minute; refers to the exchange of air between the total respiratory space and the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005579 absent outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology absence of the auricles or external acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005592 abnormal vascular smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005595 abnormal vascular smooth muscle physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology any functional anomaly of the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005605 increased bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure an increase in the total amount of bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005620 abnormal muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology aberrant ability of a muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005384 cellular phenotype any functional anomaly of the vital processes of the cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005628 decreased circulating potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002668 abnormal circulating potassium level less than the normal concentration in the blood of this alkaline metallic element, the most abundant intracellular ion; anomalies in the extracellular (circulating) concentration have important implications for the function of excitable tissues, such as nerve and muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005636 abnormal mineral homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of inorganic substances that have importance in body functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005637 abnormal iron homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005636 abnormal mineral homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of iron that normally is a cofactor in the heme of hemoglobin, myoglobin, transferrin, ferritin, and iron-containing porphyrins; it is an essential component of enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and various cytochromes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005644 agonadal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002211 abnormal primary sex determination denoting the absence of gonads http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005645 abnormal hypothalamus physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the ventral and medial region of the diencephalon forming the walls of the ventral half of the third ventricle, which is normally involved in the functions of the autonomic (visceral motor) nervous system and, through its vascular link with the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, in endocrine mechanisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005646 abnormal pituitary gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013570 abnormal neuroendocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of this unpaired compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus by a short extension of the infundibulum, the infundibular or pituitary stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005647 abnormal sex gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002164 abnormal gland physiology any functional anomaly of any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006279 abnormal limb development any structural anomaly of the mesenchymal outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005652 sex reversal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002210 abnormal sex determination development of the reproductive system is inconsistent with the chromosomal sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005655 increased aggression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002061 abnormal aggression-related behavior when compared to controls, subjects exhibit greater than the normal level of domineering, assault posture and/or hostile physical action http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005656 decreased aggression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002061 abnormal aggression-related behavior when compared to controls, subjects exhibit less than the normal level of domineering, assault posture and/or hostile physical action http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005660 abnormal circulating adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberrant concentration in the blood of a catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors and that causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005663 abnormal circulating noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberrant blood amount of the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS; noradrenaline is the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005375 adipose tissue phenotype any functional anomaly of the connective tissue composed of fat cells enmeshed in areolar tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006006 increased sensory neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008947 increased neuron number greater than normal numbers of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of sensory impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006007 abnormal basal ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology any structural anomaly of any of a group of nuclei associated with the ability to carry out willed movements, including the caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006011 abnormal endolymphatic duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004427 abnormal vestibular labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly of the small membranous canal, connecting with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passing through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminating in the endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006031 abnormal pharyngeal pouch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the balloonlike diverticulae of the embryonic pharyngeal endoderm that line the inside of the branchial arches; these paired endodermal evaginations develop in a craniocaudal sequence between the branchial arches, e.g. pouch 1 lies between arches 1 and 2; in mammals, there are four well-developed pairs of pouches (the fifth and sixth pair is vestigial or absent); the pouch endoderm reaches the branchial groove ectoderm to form the double-layer branchial membranes that separate them http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012556 increased cell death greater than normal programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006043 decreased apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012555 decreased cell death less than normal cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006050 pulmonary fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology formation of fibrous tissue within the lung often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006055 abnormal vascular endothelial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009489 abnormal blood vessel endothelium morphology any structural anomaly of the cells that line the vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006065 abnormal heart position or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology the heart is displaced from the normal left-sided position and/or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003727 abnormal retina layer morphology any structural anomaly of any of the neuronal layers that make up the retina, including the ganglion cell, inner plexiform, inner nuclear, outer plexiform, outer nuclear layers, the inner and outer segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006082 CNS inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the brain and/or spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006084 abnormal circulating phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004777 abnormal phospholipid level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of the fat derivatives in which one fatty acid has been replaced by a phosphate group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004425 abnormal otolith organ morphology any structural anomaly of the smaller of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004425 abnormal otolith organ morphology any structural anomaly of the larger of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006092 abnormal olfactory sensory neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008789 abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons in the olfactory epithelium that are activated by specific odorants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006104 abnormal tectum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006103 abnormal midbrain roof plate morphology any structural anomaly of the rostral part of the midbrain roof http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006107 abnormal fetal atrioventricular canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of the common canal connecting the primordial atrium and ventricle during fetal development; the dorsal and ventral endocardial cushions develop in the walls of the common atrioventricular canal, grow toward each other and fuse, dividing the common atrioventricular canal into right and left atrioventricular canals and the atrioventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006108 abnormal hindbrain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development anomaly in the formation or pattering of the caudal region of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006111 abnormal coronary circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation any anomaly in the circulation of blood through the vessels that supply the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006113 abnormal heart septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of the thin membranous structure between the two heart atria, the atria and the ventricles, or the thick muscular structure between the two heart ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006135 artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005412 vascular stenosis abnormal constriction or narrowing of one or more arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006141 abnormal atrioventricular node conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003137 abnormal impulse conducting system conduction anomaly in the generation or transfer of cardiac electrical impulses from the atrioventricular node to the atrioventricular bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006142 abnormal sinoatrial node conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003137 abnormal impulse conducting system conduction anomaly in the generation or transfer of electrical impulses that trigger contraction of the atria and ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006276 abnormal autonomic nervous system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the function of the sensory and motor neurons that run between the central nervous system (especially the hypothalamus and medulla oblongata) and various internal organs (heart, lungs, endocrine and exocrine glands), responsible for controlling involuntary bodily functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006279 abnormal limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology anomaly in the formation of the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006281 abnormal tail development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology anomaly in the formation of the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006307 abnormal seminiferous tubule size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002216 abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology alteration in the diameter of the tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006315 abnormal urine protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis anomaly in the amount of protein in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001963 abnormal hearing physiology reduced ability to perceive auditory stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006335 abnormal hearing electrophysiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001963 abnormal hearing physiology anomaly in auditory function as it relates to electrical phenomena http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006346 small pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology reduced size of one or more of the branchial arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006357 abnormal circulating mineral level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of any naturally occurring, homogeneous inorganic solid substance having a definite chemical composition and highly ordered atomic arrangement that is required for growth and survival http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006361 abnormal female germ cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002208 abnormal germ cell morphology any structural anomaly female germ cells whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006387 abnormal T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology deviation from the normal count of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006390 abnormal cochlear endolymph physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004885 abnormal endolymph physiology change in the normal production (volume) or ionic homeostasis of the fluid contained within the cochlea of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006395 abnormal epiphyseal plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development any structural anomaly of the cartilaginous center of ossification on the bones permitting growth of the bone in both directions during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006404 abnormal lumbar dorsal root ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the lumbar vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008000 increased ovary tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009590 increased gonad tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the ovary occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008011 intestine polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010352 gastrointestinal tract polyps abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the intestine and are tethered to the wall of the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008014 increased lung tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010298 increased respiratory system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the lung, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008018 increased facial tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010293 increased integument system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms on the face, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008019 increased liver tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010297 increased hepatobiliary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the liver, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008021 increased blastoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002018 increased malignant tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a fast growing and invasive tumor composed chiefly or entirely of immature undifferentiated cells that have embryonic characteristics resembling the primordium of the organ in which the tumor arose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008022 dilated heart ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology the luminal space of one or both of the lower chambers of the heart is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008026 abnormal brain white matter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any structural anomaly of the regions of the brain that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008031 decreased Cajal-Retzius cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008030 abnormal Cajal-Retzius cell morphology reduced number of the distinct population of large, bipolar cells, distributed in a continuous band along the marginal zone of the cortex extending to the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002619 abnormal lymphocyte morphology any structural anomaly of lymphocytes that are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and immune system regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008052 abnormal serous gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of glands that secrete watery albuminous material that often contains enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008056 abnormal retina ganglion cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005241 abnormal retina ganglion layer morphology any structural anomaly of ganglion neurons located in the innermost nuclear layer of the retina of that receive visual information from photoreceptors via various intermediate cells such as bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and horizontal cells; axons from these cells form the optic nerve and connect mainly to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008075 decreased CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012765 decreased alpha-beta T cell number reduced number of the subset of T lymphocytes that carry the CD4 marker, recognize intravesicular peptides bound to MHC class-II molecules, and turn on antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008079 decreased CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012765 decreased alpha-beta T cell number reduction in the number of the regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008111 abnormal granulocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce leukocytes that have abundant granules in the cytoplasm, including basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008195 abnormal professional antigen presenting cell morphology any structural anomaly of the mature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008186 increased pro-B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005432 abnormal pro-B cell morphology greater number of the progenitor cells of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but are not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008195 abnormal professional antigen presenting cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000716 abnormal immune system cell morphology any structural anomaly of a cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008209 decreased pre-B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005017 decreased B cell number reduced number of the cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain and are in the process of V-J rearrangement of the light chain: these cells express mu heavy chain on the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008213 absent immature B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008215 decreased immature B cell number absence of the cells of the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the heavy chain and V-J rearrangement of the light chain; these cells express IgM on the cell surface but have not yet been selected for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008219 abnormal dorsal telencephalic commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002199 abnormal brain commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the fiber tracts that connect the dorsal region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008246 abnormal leukocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013656 abnormal hematopoietic cell morphology any structural anomaly of nucleated cells of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages, found in blood or other tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008247 abnormal mononuclear cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008246 abnormal leukocyte morphology any structural anomaly of a leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008248 abnormal mononuclear phagocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008251 abnormal phagocyte morphology any structural anomaly of a vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008250 abnormal myeloid leukocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013658 abnormal myeloid cell morphology any structural anomaly of a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology any anomaly in the formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008272 abnormal endochondral bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification anomaly in the process of the formation of bone by the replacement of cartilage tissue with mineralized bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008273 abnormal intramembranous bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification anomaly in the process of the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collage-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified; intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones are formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008289 abnormal adrenal medulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008291 abnormal adrenocortical cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the steroid hormone-producing cells of the cortex of the adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008304 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features that surround the hair cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008316 abnormal prevertebral ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001008 abnormal sympathetic ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008317 abnormal paravertebral ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001008 abnormal sympathetic ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the groups of postsynaptic neurons located at intervals along the sympatheic trunk, including the superior cervical, middle cervical and stellate (cervicothoracic) ganglia as well as the thoracic, lumbar and sacral ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008472 abnormal spleen secondary B follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the nodules of antigen-activated, differentiating B cells, follicular dendritic cells, antigen-presenting T cells and macrophages in the spleen white pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008487 abnormal mesonephros morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the excretory organ of the embryo, collective Wolffian tubules, which forms the urogenital fold from which the reproductive organs develop http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008488 abnormal semicircular canal ampulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002428 abnormal semicircular canal morphology any structural anomaly of the spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008503 abnormal spinal cord grey matter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology any structural anomaly of the ridge-shaped grey matter of the spinal cord that extends longitudinally through the center of each half of the spinal cord, and are largely or entirely composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008504 abnormal adrenal chromaffin cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010913 abnormal neuroendocrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neuroendocrine cells of the medulla of the adrenal gland that are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and that are responsible for epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000787 abnormal telencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the largest part of the brain; the cerebrum is composed of a right and a left hemisphere each which contains an outer cerebral cortex and a subcortical basal ganglia; cerebral functions include sensorimotor, emotional, and intellectual activities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008716 increased lung non-small cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008714 increased lung carcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008779 abnormal maternal behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002068 abnormal parental behavior any anomaly in any response from the mother or attending female related to the ability of young to thrive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008797 facial cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology a cleft resulting from incomplete merging or fusion of any of the embryonic facial processes that normally unite to form the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008801 abnormal erythroid progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of a progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008813 decreased common myeloid progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006410 abnormal common myeloid progenitor cell morphology reduced number of progenitor cells committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008840 abnormal spike wave discharge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003216 absence seizures anomaly in the characteristic epileptiformic electroencephalographic (EEG) activity detected in generalized absence epilepsy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008866 chromosomal instability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010094 abnormal chromosome stability abnormalities of DNA metabolism, DNA repair, cell-cycle governance, or control of apoptosis that increase the probability that whole chromosomes or pieces of chromosomes are gained or lost during cell division, resulting in an imbalance in the number of chromosomes per cell (aneuploidy) and an enhanced rate of loss of heterozygosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008868 abnormal granulosa cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology any structural anomaly of a supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals; granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008871 abnormal ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology abnormal numbers of spheroid cell aggregations in the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008898 abnormal acrosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology any structural anomaly of the cap-like structure at the anterior end of the sperm head that produces enzymes needed for egg penetration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008911 induced hyperactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001399 hyperactivity increased physical activity following stimulation such as handling, touching or noise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008936 abnormal pituitary gland size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000633 abnormal pituitary gland morphology anomaly in the average size of the compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008943 increased sensitivity to induced cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008942 abnormal induced cell death decrease in the exposure level to an agent that is required to induce cessation of function at the cellular level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008944 decreased sensitivity to induced cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008942 abnormal induced cell death increase in the exposure level to an agent that is required to induce cessation of function at the cellular level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008947 increased neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008946 abnormal neuron number greater than normal numbers of the cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008948 decreased neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008946 abnormal neuron number fewer than normal numbers of the cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008957 abnormal placenta junctional zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology any structural anomaly of the fetally derived placental region that separates the maternal uterine tissue from the placenta labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008968 abnormal lacrimal apparatus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013754 abnormal ocular surface morphology any structural anomaly of the network of orbital structures of the eye that secrete and drain tears from the surface of the eyeball into the nasal cavity; these parts include the lacrimal glands, lacrimal lake, lacrimal ducts, lacrimal canals, lacrimal sacs, nasolacrimal ducts, and lacrimal puncta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008973 decreased erythroid progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008801 abnormal erythroid progenitor cell morphology reduced numbers of progenitors of the erythrocyte lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008987 abnormal liver lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008986 abnormal liver parenchyma morphology any structural anomaly of the polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008989 abnormal liver sinusoid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009820 abnormal liver vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of the hepatic distensible vascular blood channels lined with highly fenestrated endothelial cells that function to exchange fluids, nutrients, proteins and wastes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009043 increased pancreas adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009153 increased pancreas tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the pancreas, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009046 muscle twitch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology minor, sometimes imperceptible, local muscle contractions or uncontrollable movement of a single muscle group served by a single motor nerve fiber or filament sometime, but not always, indicating a neurological disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly in the terminal portion of the alimentary canal, which begins at the anorectal junction, where the rectal ampulla abruptly narrows as the alimentary canal pierces the pelvic diaphragm (levator ani), and ends at the anal verge, when the anoderm that lines the lower anal canal changes to hairy perianal skin; surrounded by the internal and external anal sphincters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009070 small oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009063 abnormal oviduct size reduced size of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009100 abnormal clitoris size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003127 abnormal clitoris morphology anomaly in the size of the small cylindrical erectile body located at the most anterior portion of the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009102 abnormal glans penis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology any structural anomaly of the conic expansion of the corpus spongiosum that forms the head of the penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009106 abnormal pancreas size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology anomaly in the average size of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009110 pancreas hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003450 enlarged pancreas increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pancrease, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009199 abnormal external male genitalia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009198 abnormal male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009198 abnormal male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009208 abnormal female genitalia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001119 abnormal female reproductive system morphology any structural anomaly of the feminine organs of reproduction or generation, external or internal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009209 abnormal internal female genitalia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009208 abnormal female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009222 increased uterus tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010287 increased reproductive system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of abnormal rapidly proliferating cells in the uterus, usually in the form of a distinct mass, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009250 abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the bones of the limbs, shoulder and pelvic girdles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009308 increased adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002038 increased carcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in a glandular or glandular-like pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009344 abnormal ovulation cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology any anomaly in the type of sexual cycle seen in female mammals, with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009357 abnormal seizure response to inducing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002064 seizures anomaly in the seizure activity response to an agent that normally can induce uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, producing a physical convulsion and/or minor change in physical behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009358 environmentally induced seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009357 abnormal seizure response to inducing agent seizure activity response due to changes in ambient habitat including room temperature, lighting, sounds, touching, and/ or moving cage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009364 abnormal mature ovarian follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology any structural anomaly in the ovarian follicle that is ready for ovulation and presents a blanched spot (the follicular stigma) where the graafian follicle is about to rupture on the surface of the ovary; a first maturation (meiotic) division of the primary oocyte usually occurs just prior to rupture of the follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009379 abnormal foot pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation anomaly in the coloration of the foot due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009380 abnormal prostate gland ventral lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology any structural anomaly of the rodent prostate lobe that is located below the ventral aspect of the bladder neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009389 abnormal extracutaneous pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype anomaly in the coloration of organs and tissues excluding the integument due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009419 skeletal muscle fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology formation of fibrous tissue within skeletal muscle as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009458 abnormal skeletal muscle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004817 abnormal skeletal muscle mass anomaly in the size of the striated muscle fibers connected at either or both extremities with the bony framework of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009469 increased skin hamartoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010306 increased hamartoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign formation of a mass of tissue of disproportionate size and distribution in the skin, but composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in this tissue, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009503 abnormal mammary gland duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009504 abnormal mammary gland epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the canals that lead from the lobes of the mammary gland to the tip of the nipple and are responsible for carrying milk toward the nipple in a lactating female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009506 abnormal mammary gland alveolus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009505 abnormal mammary gland lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the sac-like structure of the mammary gland that secretes milk after pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009517 abnormal salivary gland duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the tubular canals that carry saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the membrane junction site of a nerve cell to a target cell, such as another nerve cell, an effector cell, or a sensory receptor cell; transmission of nerve impulses may be mediated by chemical or by electrical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009544 abnormal thymus epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology any structural anomaly of the supporting framework of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009545 abnormal dermis papillary layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the more superficial, thin layer of the dermis that interdigitates with the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009566 meiotic nondisjunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis failure of homologous chromosomes to separate to the cell poles at anaphase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009569 abnormal left lung morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of the organ of respiration located on the left side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009570 abnormal right lung morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the organ of respiration located on the right side of the body and consists of the caudal, cranial, middle and accessory lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009577 abnormal developmental vascular remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000260 abnormal angiogenesis any anomaly in the process by which existing vessels are reorganized during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009611 epidermis stratum spinosum hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001236 abnormal epidermis stratum spinosum morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the epidermis stratum spinosum, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009627 abnormal submandibular lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes located below the mandible in the submandibular triangle that collect lymph from the cheeks, the lateral aspects of the nose, upper lip, lateral parts of the lower lip, gums and the anterior tongue; they also receive lymph from the submental and facial lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009641 kidney degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of either or both of the two excretory organs that filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them and water in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of various functions or chemical or protein composition of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005502 abnormal renal/urinary system physiology anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of the various chemical or protein components of the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology any anomaly in the process of maintaining a developing embryo or fetus within the female body from conception to birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009676 abnormal hemostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the spontaneous arrest of bleeding from vessels carrying blood under pressure or the arrest of circulation to an organ or part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009697 abnormal copulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology an anomaly in sexual union that normally enables the transfer of ejaculate (sperm) from male to female, sometimes resulting in the fertilization of an egg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009731 abnormal offspring retrieval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001386 abnormal maternal nurturing any anomaly in the ability of a female to collect stray offspring and return them to a defined location, such as a nest or den http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009734 abnormal prostate gland duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology any structural anomaly of the minute canals that pass the prostatic secretions to the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009736 abnormal prostate gland branching morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009735 abnormal prostate gland development anomaly of the prostatic bud to repeatedly divide into lobules during development of the prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior any anomaly in the behavioral response induced by a compound foreign to living organisms, such as consumption preference, induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009751 enhanced behavioral response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020157 abnormal behavioral response to alcohol increased sensitivity to alcohol resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009764 decreased susceptibility to induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020148 abnormal susceptibility to induced morbidity/mortality increase in the amount of an external agent required to cause death or diseased state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009768 impaired somite development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development atypical process of somite formation with the result of fewer or none of these cell masses being formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009781 abnormal preimplantation embryo development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001672 abnormal embryo development an anomaly in the developmental progress of an embryo from 2 cell to blastocyst affecting the viability or number of embryos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009800 abnormal mandibular nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001065 abnormal trigeminal nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the motor and sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the auricle, the external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, temporal region, the cheek, the skin overlying the mandible, the anterior portion of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, lower teeth and gingiva and transmits motor information from the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle and the muscles tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009806 abnormal otic vesicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003938 abnormal ear development any structural anomaly of the paired sacs of invaginated ectoderm that develop into the membraneous labyrinth of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009808 decreased oligodendrocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000953 abnormal oligodendrocyte morphology reduced number of cells of the central nervous system that form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the CNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009819 abnormal circulating androgen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level anomaly in the blood concentration of any of the steroid hormones that control development and maintenance of masculine characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009858 abnormal cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003156 abnormal leukocyte migration any anomaly in the migration of leukocytes from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009862 abnormal aorta elastic tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009873 abnormal aorta tunica media morphology any structural anomaly of the dense connective tissue which contains predominantly elastic fibers and is found in the aorta wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009863 abnormal heart elastic tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003974 abnormal endocardium morphology any structural anomaly of the type of heart connective tissue found in the endocardial layer that consists mainly of elastic fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology anomaly in the visual aspect of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation abnormal growth or development of the cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009939 abnormal hippocampus neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of one or more neurons residing in the hippocampal region of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009944 abnormal olfactory lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000787 abnormal telencephalon morphology any structural anomaly in the lobe in the anterior part of each cerebral hemisphere that is responsible for olfactory functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009956 abnormal cerebellar layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the laminar structure of the cerebellar cortex comprising the gray matter of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009960 abnormal cerebellum anterior lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the cerebellum that is anterior to the primary fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009962 abnormal cerebellum posterior lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the primary fissure and anterior to the posteriolateral fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009964 abnormal cerebellum lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009992 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule IX morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule VIII http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009996 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VIII morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule VII http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010017 visceral vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000255 blood vessel congestion obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the internal organs enclosed within the cavity of the body, such as the thoracic, abdominal, endocrine, and pelvic organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010028 aciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis excretion of urine with an acid pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010029 abnormal basicranium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology any structural anomaly of the sloping floor of the cranial cavity that is comprised of parts of the ethmoidal, occipital and sphenoid bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology deviation from the average range of cranium size compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010038 abnormal placenta physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology any functional anomaly of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, which is partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010055 abnormal sensory neuron physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005423 abnormal somatic nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of sensory impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010067 increased red blood cell distribution width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010066 abnormal red blood cell distribution width higher than normal coefficient of variance (reference range) of the red blood cell volume for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010080 abnormal hepatocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000609 abnormal liver physiology any functional anomaly of the main structural specialized epithelial cells which normally organize into interconnected plates called lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010115 abnormal embryonic cloaca morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010119 abnormal bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure anomaly in the quatitative measurment of mineral content of bone; BMD is used as an indicator of bone strength; bone mineral density is the ratio of bone mineral content to bone size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010147 abnormal endocrine pancreas physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013561 abnormal endocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the smaller portion of the pancreas that secretes a number of hormones into the blood stream that are produced by the cells in the islets of Langerhans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010148 abnormal exocrine pancreas physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the acinar gland portion of the pancreas that secretes digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010154 abnormal gastroesophageal sphincter physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology any functional anomaly of the thick circular layer of gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010155 abnormal intestine physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology any functional anomaly of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010158 abnormal intestine development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development abnormal formation of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010163 hemolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003656 abnormal erythrocyte physiology destruction of erythrocytes such that hemoglobin is released from the cells; may occur by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010182 decreased susceptibility to weight gain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011117 abnormal susceptibility to weight gain smaller increase in body weight over time when compared to the average increase in weight on the same diet, with equal energy (calorie) intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010183 abnormal CD4-positive helper T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013760 abnormal T-helper cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that cooperates with other lymphocytes via direct contact or cytokine release to initiate a variety of immune functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010200 enlarged lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology increased size of the lymphatic vessels which form a network that carries lymph around the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010207 abnormal telomere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003702 abnormal chromosome morphology any structural anomaly of the terminal repetitive DNA section of a chromosome which is involved in chromosomal replication and senescence, and which protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020188 abnormal classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors with a specific classification type in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010279 increased gastrointestinal tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010292 increased alimentary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the gastrointestinal system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010280 increased skeletal tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the skeletal tissue, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the nervous system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010287 increased reproductive system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the reproductive system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in a gland in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010290 increased muscle tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in muscle tissue in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010291 increased cardiovascular system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the cardiovascular system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010292 increased alimentary system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the alimentary system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010294 increased kidney tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010289 increased urinary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the kidney in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010296 increased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the hemolymphoid system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010299 increased mammary gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010293 increased integument system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the mammary gland, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010293 increased integument system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the skin tissue usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010306 increased hamartoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign focal malformations in a specific population in a given time period; results from faulty development of an organ, and is composed of an abnormal mixture of tissue elements, or an abnormal proportion of a single element normally present at that site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010316 increased thyroid tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the thyroid occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010318 increased salivary gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the salivary gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010320 increased pituitary gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the pituitary gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010321 increased parathyroid gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the parathyroid gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010324 abnormal malleus processus brevis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000029 abnormal malleus morphology any structural anomaly of the projection extending from the base of the manubrium of the malleus which contacts the upper part of the tympanic membrane where the tympanic cavity makes a deep pocket (epitympanic pocket) surrounding the cartilaginous nodule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010330 abnormal circulating lipoprotein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010329 abnormal lipoprotein level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of any complex or compound containing both lipid and protein, are important components of biological membranes and myelin, and participate in lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010334 pleural effusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021205 effusion accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010350 increased pituitary adenohypophysis tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010320 increased pituitary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the anterior part of the pituitary that secretes a variety of hormones, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010352 gastrointestinal tract polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology abnormal tissue masses that protrude into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract and are tethered to the wall of the gastrointestinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010358 abnormal free fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005280 abnormal fatty acids level any anomaly in the concentration of the fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacyglycerols are taken into tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010363 increased fibrosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002032 increased sarcoma incidence greater than the expected number of a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from fibrous connective tissue, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010365 increased thymus tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the thymus occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010368 abnormal lymphatic system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology any functional anomaly of the interconnected system of spaces, organs and vessels between body tissues and organs through which fluid, fats, proteins, and lymphocytes are transported to the bloodstream as lymph, and microorganisms and other debris are removed from tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020189 abnormal adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; this tumor type usually does not invade or infiltrate surrounding tissue but may remain a benign tumor or progress to malignancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010386 abnormal urinary bladder physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005502 abnormal renal/urinary system physiology any functional anomaly of the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010387 abnormal Bergmann glial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000875 abnormal cerebellar Purkinje cell layer any structural anomaly of one or more astrocyte-type glia cells associated with Purkinje cells in the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010426 abnormal heart and great artery attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010425 abnormal heart and great vessel attachment any anomaly in the in the position or pattern of the connection site of the heart to any of the great arteries, including the pulmonary artery and aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010428 abnormal heart right ventricle outflow tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010224 abnormal heart ventricle outflow tract morphology any structural anomaly of the anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminating in the pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010429 abnormal heart left ventricle outflow tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010224 abnormal heart ventricle outflow tract morphology any structural anomaly of the anterosuperior fibrous portion of the left ventricle that connects to the ascending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010435 abnormal heart atrium and ventricle connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any anomaly in the in the position or pattern of the connection site of the heart atrium to the ventricles, usually occurring through the atrioventricular valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010454 abnormal truncus arteriosus septation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006126 abnormal cardiac outflow tract development anomaly in the process of dividing the common arterial trunk arising out of both heart ventricles to divide into the aorta and pulmonary artery during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010465 aberrant origin of the right subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010487 abnormal right subclavian artery morphology the right subclavian artery arises from an atypical location on the aortic arch or the proximal descending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010466 vascular ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology the trachea and esophagus are completely encircled by connected segments of the aortic arch and its branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010468 abnormal thoracic aorta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010489 abnormal heart atrium auricular region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology any structural anomaly of the small conical pouch projections located on the upper anterior portion of each atrium of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010499 abnormal ventricle myocardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology any structural anomaly of the ventricular part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010502 ventricle myocardium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010500 myocardium hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ventricle myocardium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010503 myocardial trabeculae hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010500 myocardium hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the myocardial trabeculae, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003137 abnormal impulse conducting system conduction any anomaly in the pattern of the graphic record of the integrated action currents of the cardiac cycle represented as changes in voltage; the prominent waves in the ECG correspond to specific conduction activity in areas of the heart and the timing and amplitude of ECG waveforms provide valuable information about heart rate and rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010519 atrioventricular block http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010559 heart block a partial or complete obstruction of the impulse that originates in the atria or sinoatrial node from reaching or transmitting through the atrioventricular node to the ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010520 sinoatrial block http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010559 heart block a partial or complete obstruction of the impulse leaving the sinoatrial node preventing it from activating atrial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010544 interrupted aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology complete discontinuation or blockage in the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010545 abnormal heart layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of the laminar structure of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010551 abnormal coronary vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010563 increased heart right ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008772 increased heart ventricle size greater than average size of the right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010564 abnormal fetal ductus arteriosus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development any structural anomaly of the fetal vessel that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending aorta; the ductus arteriosus normally regresses into a fibrous cord, the ligamentum arteriousum after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010577 abnormal heart right ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031543 abnormal heart ventricle size anomaly of the average size of the right ventricle compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010579 increased heart left ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010578 abnormal heart left ventricle size greater than average size of the left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010580 decreased heart left ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031544 decreased heart ventricle size less than average size of the left ventricle compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010599 abnormal fetal atrioventricular canal septation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006107 abnormal fetal atrioventricular canal morphology anomaly in the process by which the dorsal and ventral endocardial cushions develop in the walls of the common atrioventricular canal, grow toward each other and fuse, dividing the common atrioventricular canal into right and left atrioventricular canals and the atrioventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010630 abnormal cardiac muscle tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology any structural anomaly of the involuntary muscle comprising the myocardium of the heart and the walls of the pulmonary veins and superior vena cava; cardiac muscle is striated and multinucleate, and the cardiomyocytes branch and are joined to one another via intercalated discs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010639 abnormal tumor pathology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002006 neoplasm any changes associated with the chemistry, immunohistology, cellular alterations or environmental interactions of tumors compared to the expected state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010651 aorticopulmonary septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010650 abnormal aorticopulmonary septum morphology an abnormal communication in the septum between the aorta and pulmonary artery, resulting from incomplete separation of the common tube of the truncus arteriosus and the aorticopulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010771 integument phenotype any structural anomaly of the tissue or structures associated with or embedded in the skin such as hair and hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and claws or nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010680 abnormal skin adnexa physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010771 integument phenotype any functional anomaly of the tissue or structures associated with or embedded in the skin such as hair and hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and claws or nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010681 abnormal hair follicle bulb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the thickened portion of the proximal portion of the hair follicle that contains rapidly proliferating matrix cells, melanocytes and outer root sheath cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010684 abnormal hair follicle outer root sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost layer of the hair follicle that merges proximally with the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis and distally with the hair bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010685 abnormal hair follicle inner root sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath; the layers of the inner root sheath include the companion layer, Henle's layer, Huxley's layer and the inner root sheath cuticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010686 abnormal hair follicle matrix region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010681 abnormal hair follicle bulb morphology any structural anomaly of the bulb region adjacent to the dermal papilla that contains rapidly proliferating matrix cells that give rise to the various cell lineages of the hair shaft and inner root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010726 abnormal collateral sprouting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology aberrant response of a neuron to form new neuritic processes (sprouts) that emerge from the nerve fibers or terminal arborizations in response to nerve injury (such as section or denervation), application of neurotoxin, or target tissue atrophy (usually due to disease) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010736 abnormal extraembryonic ectoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of the ectoderm of the extraembryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010754 abnormal heart left ventricle pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008775 abnormal heart ventricle pressure any anomaly in the pressure within the left cardiac ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010760 abnormal macrophage chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011518 abnormal cell chemotaxis anomaly in the accumulation of macrophages in a specific location in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010768 mortality/aging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable characteristics related to the ability of a mammalian organism to live and age that are manifested throughout development and life span http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010768 mortality/aging deviation from the expected viability or life span of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010770 preweaning lethality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival death anytime between fertilization and weaning age (Mus: approximately 3-4 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010771 integument phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological and physiological characteristics of the skin and its associated structures, such as the hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands and other secretory glands that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010785 abnormal stomach pyloric region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010792 abnormal stomach mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010783 abnormal stomach wall morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous layer of the stomach wall which contains the gastric pits and glands, and consists of epithelium, lamina propria, and the muscularis mucosae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010832 lethality during fetal growth through weaning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010770 preweaning lethality death anytime between the completion of organogenesis and weaning age (Mus: E14 to approximately 3 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010853 abnormal lung position or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology the lung is displaced from the normal position and/or has an altered left/right orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010865 prenatal growth retardation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004196 abnormal prenatal growth/weight/body size slow or limited development during the prenatal period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010866 abnormal prenatal body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004196 abnormal prenatal growth/weight/body size anomaly in the average body weight, height and/or length of an organism compared to controls at anytime prior to birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010898 abnormal pulmonary alveolus epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006382 abnormal lung epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010900 abnormal pulmonary interalveolar septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010911 abnormal pulmonary acinus morphology any structural anomaly of the tissue intervening between two adjacent pulmonary alveoli, which consists of the basement membranes of alveolar-lining epithelium (mostly type I pneumocytes) and capillary endothelium; thicker alveolar septal regions may also contain elastic fibers, collagen, interstitial cells, smooth muscle cells, mast cells, lymphocytes and monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010901 abnormal pulmonary alveolar parenchyma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010899 abnormal pulmonary alveolar system morphology any structural anomaly of the distinguishing cell types of the lung alveolar tissue, including pulmonary epithelial cells (pneumocytes), alveolar capillary endothelial cells, interstitial cells (fibroblasts) and alveolar macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010911 abnormal pulmonary acinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010899 abnormal pulmonary alveolar system morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the airway consisting of a respiratory bronchiole and all of its branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010942 abnormal respiratory epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly of the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011000 abnormal allogrooming behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001440 abnormal grooming behavior defects in the standard of behavior in which individuals in a cohort clean or maintain one another's outer body or appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011082 abnormal gastrointestinal motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology anomaly in the propulsive movements of the digestive system, resulting in the transit of the contents along the gastrointestinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011180 abnormal hematopoietic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013656 abnormal hematopoietic cell morphology any anomaly in the expected number of cells of the hematopoietic lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011181 increased hematopoietic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011180 abnormal hematopoietic cell number greater than expected number of cells of the hematopoietic lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011182 decreased hematopoietic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011180 abnormal hematopoietic cell number fewer than expected number of cells of the hematopoietic lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011187 abnormal parietal endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011203 abnormal parietal yolk sac morphology any structural anomaly of the primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011204 abnormal visceral yolk sac blood island morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020516 abnormal visceral yolk sac mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011239 abnormal skin coloration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology a variation in an expected skin color or complexion that may be due to inflammation, pigment defects or other causes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012176 abnormal head development any structural anomaly of the primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011333 abnormal kidney inner medulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology any structural anomaly of the inner medullary region of the adult kidney containing collecting ducts and the long loops of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011368 increased kidney apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011367 abnormal kidney apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the kidney undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011390 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology any functional anomaly of fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011396 abnormal sleep behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021121 abnormal rhythmic behavior any anomaly in the actions, reactions, or performance of an organism during a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011425 abnormal kidney interstitium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the kidney region located between the nephrons, ureteric epithelia (ureteric tips, trunk and collecting duct system) and renal vasculature, and composed of renal support cells, including fibroblasts and macrophages, and mesenchymal stroma or interstitial cells; the renal vasculature lies within the renal interstitium but is not a part of it; various conditions can lead to scarring (fibrosis) and congestion of this area, which can cause kidney dysfunction and failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011468 abnormal urine amino acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level any anomaly in the amount in the urine of a carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011479 abnormal catecholamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the amount of catecholamines, including adrenaline, noradrenaline and L-dopamine; catecholamines are act as hormones or neurotransmitters and are derived from the amino acid tyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011484 abnormal ureter urothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003630 abnormal urothelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of a head of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011496 abnormal head size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology anomaly in the average size of the portion of the body containing the brain and organs of sight, hearing, taste, and smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology any structural anomaly of any of the several elongated bones of the extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011521 decreased placental labyrinth size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011519 abnormal placenta labyrinth size reduction in the size of the structure where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology any structural anomaly of the arteries that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, as opposed to the pulmonary arteries, which carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011719 abnormal natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010766 abnormal NK cell physiology any anomaly in the process of directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011723 ectopic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology appearance of a neuron or group of neurons in a region where it is not normally found http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011750 abnormal seminiferous tubule epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002216 abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology any structural anomaly of the stratified epithelial lining of the seminiferous tubules, consisting of the developing spermatozoa and the supporting Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011762 renal/urinary system inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005502 abnormal renal/urinary system physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the renal/urinary system; may involve inflammation of the urethra, urinary bladder, ureters or kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011796 abnormal external urethral orifice morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the external opening or orifice of the urethra through which urine and seminal fluid (in males only) leave the body; in males the meatus presents as a vertical slit normally positioned at the tip of glans penis; in females the meatus is located either within the clitoris or between the clitoris and the vagina in the vulvular vestibule of the female genitalia, depending on the species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011898 abnormal platelet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011180 abnormal hematopoietic cell number anomaly in the normal numbers of the non-nucleated cells found in the blood and involved in blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011913 abnormal reticulocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013661 abnormal myeloid cell number altered number of immature (nucleated) erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011939 increased food intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005449 abnormal food intake increase in the total number of calories/food amount taken in over time when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011941 increased fluid intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011947 abnormal fluid intake increase in the total amount of fluid taken in over time when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011942 decreased fluid intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011947 abnormal fluid intake reduction in the total amount of fluid taken in over time when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011969 abnormal circulating triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003949 abnormal circulating lipid level abnormal concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in the blood; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011973 abnormal circulating glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003949 abnormal circulating lipid level abnormal blood level of trihydroxy sugar alcohols that are precursors for synthesis of triacylglycerols, and of phospholipids and cellular glucose in the liver and adipose tissue; fat catabolism results in the release of glycerol and fatty acids into the bloodstream to be used as an energy source http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011976 sweet preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001432 abnormal food preference subjects demonstrate predilection for sweet tasting substances over other offered substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011977 abnormal sodium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of sodium ions within the body or between a cell and its external environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011978 abnormal potassium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of potassium ions within the body or between a cell and its external environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011979 abnormal magnesium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of magnesium ions within the body or between a cell and its external environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011989 abnormal porphyrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis aberrant concentration of porphyrins or protoporphyrins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011999 abnormal tail length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology any anomaly in the length of tail relative to average of a given reference population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012007 abnormal chloride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis any change in the amount of chloride, the major extracellular anion in mammals; it plays roles in tissue fluid homeostasis and also helps maintain proper blood volume, blood pressure, and body fluid pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012018 abnormal oviduct physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology any functional anomaly of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012065 increased astrocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012064 abnormal astrocyte number increase in the number of the large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012076 abnormal agouti pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation amount and distribution of yellow pigment (phaeomelanin) relative to black or brown pigment (eumelanin) is variably increased or decreased compared with a wild-type agouti pattern resulting in a range of coat color from yellow to almost black http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012091 increased midbrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012088 abnormal midbrain size greater than average size of the brain region derived from the middle of the three cerebral vesicles of the embryo; this region controls sensory and motor functions in the adult, including eye movement and coordination of auditory and visual reflexes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012103 abnormal bilaminar embryonic disk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the flattened, almost circular bilaminar plate of cells formed when the inner cell mass (aka embryoblast) forms two epithelial layers, each of a distinct lineage, separated by an extracellular basement membrane: the external (dorsal) layer is called the epiblast and the internal (ventral) layer is called the hypoblast (aka primitive endoderm); together, they compose the bilaminar embryonic disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012106 impaired exercise endurance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002899 fatigue impaired performance during controlled physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012107 enhanced exercise endurance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002332 abnormal exercise endurance improved performance during controlled physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012132 abnormal midbrain-hindbrain boundary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development any structural anomaly of the midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain that is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages; normally, an organizing center located at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012138 decreased forebrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012137 abnormal forebrain size size reduction or truncation of the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012167 abnormal epigenetic regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any anomaly in the process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression, in which the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012186 abnormal muscle precursor cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology anomaly in the function of cells that will develop into muscle cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012224 abnormal sterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level anomaly in the level of any of a group of predominantly unsaturated solid alcohols of the steroid group, usually with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the third carbon atom, and are present in the fatty tissues of plants and animals; sterols may be found either as free sterols, acylated, alkylated, sulfated, or linked to a glycoside moiety which can be itself acylated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012225 decreased sterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012224 abnormal sterol level reduction in the level of any of a group of predominantly unsaturated solid alcohols of the steroid group, usually with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the third carbon atom, and are present in the fatty tissues of plants and animals; sterols may be found either as free sterols, acylated, alkylated, sulfated, or linked to a glycoside moiety which can be itself acylated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012226 increased sterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012224 abnormal sterol level greater level of any of a group of predominantly unsaturated solid alcohols of the steroid group, usually with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the third carbon atom, and are present in the fatty tissues of plants and animals; sterols may be found either as free sterols, acylated, alkylated, sulfated, or linked to a glycoside moiety which can be itself acylated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012288 abnormal paradoxical sleep pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001501 abnormal sleep pattern any anomaly in the frequency or duration of the sleep stage in which dreams occur and the body undergoes marked changes including rapid eye movement, loss of reflexes, and increased pulse rate and brain activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012296 impaired discrimination learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012315 impaired learning impaired ability to exhibit a differential response to different stimuli that is achieved by the reinforcement of the desired response for each particular stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012300 abnormal umbilical cord blood vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology any structural anomaly of the three blood vessels, usually one large umbilical vein and two small umbilical arteries, buried within Wharton's jelly, that transport blood to and from the placenta, where exchange between the mother and fetus takes place; the umbilical vein carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus, and the umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012312 impaired avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012315 impaired learning impaired ability to associate a previously neutral stimulus with an unpleasant or punishing stimuli so that the animal learns to avoid the previously neutral stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012313 enhanced avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012314 enhanced learning enhanced ability to associate a previously neutral stimulus with an unpleasant or punishing stimuli so that the animal learns to avoid the previously neutral stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012322 decreased total tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012321 abnormal total tissue mass decreased physical bulk or volume of the body including lean body mass, fat body mass, and bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012323 increased total tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012321 abnormal total tissue mass increased physical bulk or volume of the body including lean body mass, fat body mass, and bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012348 decreased susceptibility to induction of seizure by inducing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009357 abnormal seizure response to inducing agent higher threshold to induction of seizure activity response by an agent that normally can induce uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, producing a physical convulsion and/or minor change in physical behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012349 increased susceptibility to induction of seizure by inducing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009357 abnormal seizure response to inducing agent lower threshold to induction of seizure activity response by an agent that normally can induce uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, producing a physical convulsion and/or minor change in physical behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012382 abnormal blood cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001545 abnormal hematopoietic system physiology aberrant measurable or observable characteristic related to the function of or processes in any of the cells found in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012401 long nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology increased length of the nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012431 increased lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010296 increased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms characterized by a proliferation of malignant lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012436 increased colon tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010279 increased gastrointestinal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the colon, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012440 abnormal neutrophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020201 abnormal granulocyte number deviation in the count of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012441 abnormal monocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002620 abnormal monocyte morphology any deviation in the count of the large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012442 abnormal basophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020201 abnormal granulocyte number deviation of the count of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012501 abnormal pericardial cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of the anatomical body cavity in which the heart lies; the pericardial cavity forms in the lateral plate mesoderm above the buccopharyngeal membrane, as part of the early intraembryonic coelom, and is initially continuous with the two early pleural cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012523 abnormal upper lip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology any structural anomaly of the muscular fold forming the superior border of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012543 abnormal rostral neuropore morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012542 abnormal neuropore morphology any structural anomaly of the temporary opening at the extreme rostral (cephalic) end of the early embryonic prosencephalon (forebrain); the anterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012676 dilated brain ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000822 abnormal brain ventricle morphology the luminal space of one or more of the four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012745 abnormal neural crest cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology any functional anomaly in the complex process by which multipotent neural crest progenitors acquire migratory and invasive properties, emigrate from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube, migrate along distinct pathways, and differentiate into diverse cell types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012762 abnormal alpha-beta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012775 abnormal brain weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000771 abnormal brain size anomaly in the average weight of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013151 abnormal incidence of induced tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002019 abnormal tumor incidence aberration from the normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by a carcinogen, mutagen or virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013189 abnormal exploration in a new environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001413 abnormal response to new environment anomaly in the amount of time spent investigating new location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013203 abnormal primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013202 abnormal cilium morphology any structural anomaly of a cilium found on many different cell types that is typically present in a single copy per cell; a primary cilium may have a variable array of axonemal microtubules and may or may not contain molecular motors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013245 abnormal lipid metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving a lipid, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013246 abnormal peptide metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving a peptide, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013254 abnormal angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity altered activity of the exopeptidase that catalyses the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and is also involved in the inactivation of bradykinin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013258 abnormal extracellular matrix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005384 cellular phenotype any structural anomaly of the structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support for cells or tissues; in mammals, the extracellular matrix is completely external to the cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013284 abnormal renal glomerular filtration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013285 abnormal renal filtration anomaly in the process in which plasma is filtered through the glomerular membrane which consists of capillary endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and epithelial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013286 abnormal sperm capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001932 abnormal spermiogenesis anomaly in the series of morphological and molecular maturational processes undergone by spermatozoa in the female genital tract that enable them to penetrate and fertilize an egg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013306 abnormal tela choroidea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000822 abnormal brain ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of that portion of the brain pia mater that covers the ependymal roof or, in the case of the lateral ventricle, medial wall of a cerebral ventricle; vascularized tela choroidea is choroid plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013324 abnormal female reproductive gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000653 abnormal sex gland morphology any structural anomaly of any sex gland that is part of the female reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013325 abnormal male reproductive gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000653 abnormal sex gland morphology any structural anomaly of any sex gland that is part of the male reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013326 abnormal female reproductive gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005647 abnormal sex gland physiology any functional anomaly of any sex gland that is part of the female reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013327 abnormal male reproductive gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005647 abnormal sex gland physiology any functional anomaly of any sex gland that is part of the male reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013329 abnormal preputial gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000653 abnormal sex gland morphology any structural anomaly of the paired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located in the inguinal region adjacent to the penis and vagina, with pheromonal functions in male rodents; in males, the preputial gland empties into the preputial cavity and in females, the preputial (aka clitoral) gland duct empties into the clitoral fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013330 abnormal male accessory sex gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and seminal vesicles of the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013337 abnormal adenohypophysis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland which arises as a pouch-like outgrowth of ectoderm known as the hypophyseal (Rathke's) pouch from the dorsal midline roof of the stomodeum (primitive oral cavity); the hypophyseal pouch grows toward the brain and the neurohypophyseal bud; as the hypophyseal pouch and the infundibulum make contact, the hypophyseal pouch loses its connection with the pharynx, creating a hollow ball of cells that lies inferior to the floor of the diencephalon posterior to the optic chiasm; these cells undergo division, the central chamber gradually disappears, and this endocrine mass becomes the anterior pituitary gland; the fully developed adenohypophysis consists of a glandular pars distalis, a thin proximal extension called the pars tuberalis, and a narrow pars intermedia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013450 abnormal lacrimal apparatus physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology any functional anomaly of the network of orbital structures of the eye that secrete and drain tears from the surface of the eyeball into the nasal cavity; these parts include the lacrimal glands, lacrimal lake, lacrimal ducts, lacrimal canals, lacrimal sacs, nasolacrimal ducts, and lacrimal puncta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013504 increased embryonic tissue cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013503 abnormal embryonic tissue cell apoptosis increase in the timing or the number of cells in embryonic tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013543 abnormal holocrine gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any exocrine gland whose secretion consists of its own disintegrated secretory cells along with its secretory product; holocrine secretions are produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and released by the rupture of the plasma membrane, which destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013544 abnormal merocrine gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any exocrine gland whose secretions are excreted via exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial-walled duct or ducts and thence onto a bodily surface or into the lumen; the gland releases its product and no part of the gland is lost or damaged http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013550 abnormal secondary palate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the palate formed by the growth of the two palatine shelves medially and their mutual fusion in the midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013554 abnormal apocrine gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any exocrine gland whose cells bud their secretions off through the plasma membrane producing membrane-bound vesicles in the lumen; the apical portion of the secretory cell of the gland pinches off and enters the lumen; it loses part of its cytoplasm in their secretions; apocrine secretion is functional during hormonal stress or puberty; an example of true apocrine glands are mammary glands, responsible for secreting breast milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013555 abnormal apocrine gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of any exocrine gland whose cells bud their secretions off through the plasma membrane producing membrane-bound vesicles in the lumen; the apical portion of the secretory cell of the gland pinches off and enters the lumen; it loses part of its cytoplasm in their secretions; apocrine secretion is functional during hormonal stress or puberty; an example of true apocrine glands are mammary glands, responsible for secreting breast milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013556 abnormal holocrine gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of any exocrine gland whose secretion consists of its own disintegrated secretory cells along with its secretory product; holocrine secretions are produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and released by the rupture of the plasma membrane, which destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013557 abnormal merocrine gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of any exocrine gland whose secretions are excreted via exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial-walled duct or ducts and thence onto a bodily surface or into the lumen; the gland releases its product and no part of the gland is lost or damaged http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002163 abnormal gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the glands of the exocrine system that secrete their essential product by way of a duct to some environment external to itself, either inside the body or on a surface of the body; the duct portion may be branched (compound) or unbranched (simple); the glandular portion may be tubular or acinar, or may be a mix of the two (tubuloacinar or tubuloalveolar); if the glandular portion branches, then the gland is called a branched gland Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002164 abnormal gland physiology any functional anomaly of any of the glands of the exocrine system that secrete their essential product by way of a duct to some environment external to itself, either inside the body or on a surface of the body; the duct portion may be branched (compound) or unbranched (simple); the glandular portion may be tubular or acinar, or may be a mix of the two (tubuloacinar or tubuloalveolar); if the glandular portion branches, then the gland is called a branched gland Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013560 abnormal endocrine gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002163 abnormal gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products directly into the circulatory system rather than through a duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013561 abnormal endocrine gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002164 abnormal gland physiology any functional anomaly of any of the glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products directly into the circulatory system rather than through a duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013563 abnormal secretory circumventricular organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013562 abnormal circumventricular organ morphology any structural abnormality of any of the circumventricular organs that are responsible for secreting hormones and glycoproteins into the peripheral vascular system using feedback from both the brain environment and external stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013564 abnormal sensory circumventricular organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013562 abnormal circumventricular organ morphology any structural anomaly of any of the circumventricular organs that have the ability to sense plasma molecules and then pass that information into other regions of the brain, thereby providing direct information to the autonomic nervous system from systemic circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013592 small thymus cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002371 abnormal thymus cortex morphology decreased size of the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013657 abnormal blood cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013656 abnormal hematopoietic cell morphology any structural anomaly of cells found in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013658 abnormal myeloid cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013656 abnormal hematopoietic cell morphology any structural anomaly of a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013659 abnormal erythroid lineage cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013658 abnormal myeloid cell morphology any structural anomaly of an immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013660 abnormal bone marrow hematopoietic cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013656 abnormal hematopoietic cell morphology any structural anomaly of hematopoietic cells that are resident in the bone marrow, including hematopoietic stem cells (lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells) and the precursor cells for thrombocytes, erythrocytes, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013661 abnormal myeloid cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013658 abnormal myeloid cell morphology any anomaly in the expected number of cells of the myeloid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013662 decreased myeloid cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013661 abnormal myeloid cell number reduction in the expected number of cells of the myeloid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013663 increased myeloid cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013661 abnormal myeloid cell number greater than the expected number of cells of the myeloid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013693 abnormal hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013657 abnormal blood cell morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure; the site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow in mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013714 abnormal mammary gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology anomaly in the expected number of the specialized accessory gland of the skin of mammals that secretes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013751 increased cystadenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a histologically benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; in some instances, considerable portions of the neoplasm, or even the entire mass, may be cystic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013754 abnormal ocular surface morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of the integrated unit (of the eye) that consists of the conjunctiva, the corneal surface, and the ocular mucosal adnexa including the lid margins and the meibomian gland openings, the lacrimal glands and the lacrimal drainage system, all which are critical to maintain ocular surface integrity and provide protection from external antigens and pathogenic microorganisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013808 abnormal tunnel of Corti morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000042 abnormal organ of Corti morphology any structrual anomaly of the triangular, fluid-filled space normally found between the inner and outer rows of supporting pillar cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013873 abnormal ductus venosus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the embryonic connection between the portal vein and inferior vena cava formed by the left umbilical vein that allows oxygenated blood to bypass the developing liver during the time when this connection is normally open; this normally closes during develpment to adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013887 abnormal T cell compartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000717 abnormal lymphocyte cell number anomaly in the distribution of subsets or occurrence of new subsets within the T cell compartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013895 abnormal eyelid cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology any structural anomaly of the hairs that grow at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid; eyelashes protect the eye from debris and are sensitive to touch, thus providing a warning that an object is near the eye (which is then closed reflexively) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014023 abnormal intestine placement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003283 abnormal digestive organ placement different location or arrangement of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any exocrine gland in which the principal secretory cells are mucus-secreting cells; mucus is a slippery secretion with lubricating or protective function produced by, and covering, mucous membranes; mucous glands typically stain lighter than serous glands during standard histological preparation; most are multicellular, but goblet cells are single-celled glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology nuclear or cytoplasmic aggregates of stainable substances within cells of the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014114 abnormal cognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior any anomaly in the operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014134 abnormal embryo morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype any structural anomaly of an embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014139 abnormal ectoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014138 abnormal germ layer morphology primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014140 abnormal endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014138 abnormal germ layer morphology any structural anomaly of the primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014141 abnormal mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014138 abnormal germ layer morphology any structural anomaly of the middle germ layer of the embryo, between the endoderm and ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014195 abnormal endocrine pancreas secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002694 abnormal pancreas secretion anomaly in the synthesis and/or release of any of the hormones produced by different types of cells in the islets of Langerhans of the endocrine pancreas and secreted directly into the blood stream to regulate blood glucose homeostasis; these hormones include glucagon secreted by alpha cells, insulin and amylin (also known as Islet Amyloid Polypeptide or IAPP) co-secreted by beta cells, somatostatin secreted by delta cells, gherlin secreted by epsilon cells, and pancreatic polypeptide secreted by PP cells (also known as F cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020135 abnormal heart ventricle wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031532 abnormal heart ventricle wall morphology anomaly in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020147 abnormal defecation amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003866 abnormal defecation anomaly in the amount of discharge of feces from the body compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020149 abnormal mortality induced by ionizing radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012734 abnormal response to radiation anomaly in the sensitivity to doses of ionizing radiation that include ultraviolet light, X-rays, or gamma rays, resulting in death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020150 abnormal timing of vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001937 abnormal sexual maturation anomaly in the age of the opening of the genital canal in a female compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020151 abnormal circulating non-HDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000180 abnormal circulating cholesterol level any anomaly in the amount in the blood of non-HDL cholesterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020167 abnormal vertical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001392 abnormal locomotor behavior altered ability or desire to jump or rear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020171 abnormal IgA level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class A level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020172 abnormal IgD level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class D level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020173 abnormal IgE level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class E level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020174 abnormal IgG level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class G level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020180 abnormal IgM level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002490 abnormal immunoglobulin level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class M level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a viral infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020186 abnormal susceptibility to bacterial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a bacterial infection or from components of or toxins produced by bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020190 abnormal lung adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020189 abnormal adenoma incidence an anomaly in the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the lung, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020201 abnormal granulocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002441 abnormal granulocyte morphology an anomaly in the number of leukocytes that have abundant granules in the cytoplasm, including basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020202 abnormal macrophage cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology an anomaly in the number of macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020203 abnormal mast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020201 abnormal granulocyte number an anomaly in the number of the cells that are found in almost all tissues, containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020204 abnormal heart left ventricle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010578 abnormal heart left ventricle size anomaly in the average weight of the left ventricle compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020205 abnormal heart right ventricle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010577 abnormal heart right ventricle size anomaly in the average weight of the right ventricle compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020218 abnormal tear production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology an anomaly in the amount of fluid produced in the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020342 small optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology decreased size of the second cranial nerve which is responsible for conveying visual information from the retina to the brain; it extends from the retina to the optic chiasma where part of its fibers become the optic tract and cross to the opposite side and pass to the geniculate bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020363 abnormal germ cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any functional anomaly of the germ cell, that is, any of the reproductive (generative) cells of a multicellular organism, whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004347 abnormal scapular spine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology any structural anomaly of the triangular ridge on the dorsal aspect of the scapula which separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa and where the trapezius and deltoid muscles are attached http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004348 long femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030823 increased femur size increased length of the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004349 absent femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology missing the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004350 long humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology increased length of one or both of the bones of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004351 short humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology reduced length of one or both of the bones of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004352 absent humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology missing one or both of the bones of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004353 abnormal deltoid tuberosity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology any structural anomaly of a rough elevation at the middle of the lateral side of the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004354 absent deltoid tuberosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004353 abnormal deltoid tuberosity morphology missing the rough elevation at the middle of the lateral side of the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004355 short radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030886 decreased radius size reduced length of the short bone of the lateral forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004356 radius hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030886 decreased radius size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the radius, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004357 long tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004695 increased length of long bones increased length of the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004358 bowed tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000558 abnormal tibia morphology increased curvature of the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004359 short ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030900 decreased ulna size reduced length of the medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004360 absent ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology missing the medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004361 bowed ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology increased curvature of the medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004362 cochlear hair cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003224 neuron degeneration degeneration or loss of the sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea; these cells are in synaptic contact with the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004363 stria vascularis degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000048 abnormal stria vascularis morphology degeneration or loss of the stratified, secretory epithelium which lines the upper part of the cochlear spiral ligament and maintains potassium ion homeostasis in the endolymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004364 thin stria vascularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000048 abnormal stria vascularis morphology reduced thickness of the stratified, secretory epithelium which lines the upper part of the cochlear spiral ligament and maintains potassium ion homeostasis in the endolymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004365 abnormal strial basal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000048 abnormal stria vascularis morphology any structural anomaly in the polarized cells which are juxtaposed to fibrocytes in the underlying spiral ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004366 abnormal strial marginal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000048 abnormal stria vascularis morphology any structural anomaly in the polarized columnar cells of epithelial origin which cover the lateral surface of the cochlear duct, secrete potassium ions and form a continuous sheet in contact with the endolymph; marginal cells form extensive interdigitations with the basal and intermediate cells in the normal adult stria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004367 abnormal strial intermediate cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009390 abnormal otic pigmentation any structural anomaly in the melanocytes known to migrate from the neural crest during ontogeny to become located between the epithelial marginal cell layer and the mesodermal basal cell layer within the intrastrial space; the predominant cellular component of the electrogenic machinery that generates an endocochlear potential (80-100 mV) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004368 abnormal stria vascularis vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessels supplying the stria vascularis in the cochlea of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004369 absent utricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology absence of the larger of the two sacs in the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004370 long ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030901 increased ulna size increased length of the medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004371 bowed femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology increased curvature of the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004372 bowed fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002187 abnormal fibula morphology increased curvature of the lateral and smaller bone of the lower limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004373 bowed humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology increased curvature of the bone of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004374 bowed radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000552 abnormal radius morphology increased curvature of the short bone of the lateral forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004375 enlarged frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology increased size of the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004376 absent frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone absence of the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004377 small frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology reduced size of the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004378 frontal bone foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology presence of a hole in the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004379 wide frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004375 enlarged frontal bone increased width of the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004380 short frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030384 short facial bone reduced length of the bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004381 abnormal hair follicle melanocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002877 abnormal melanocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the cells that produce pigment in the hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004382 abnormal hair follicle melanogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005077 abnormal melanogenesis failure of or anomaly in the biosynthetic pathway of melanin formation in hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004383 absent interparietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000077 abnormal interparietal bone morphology absence of the bone of the cranium that lies above and anterior to the occipital bone in some mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004384 small interparietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000077 abnormal interparietal bone morphology reduced size of the bone of the cranium that lies above and anterior to the occipital bone in some mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004385 interparietal bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004384 small interparietal bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the interparietal bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004386 enlarged interparietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000077 abnormal interparietal bone morphology increased size of the bone of the cranium that lies above and anterior to the occipital bone in some mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004387 abnormal prechordal plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the horseshoe-shaped thickening of the endoderm at the cranial (rostral) end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells which, together with the notochord, induces the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells and contributes mesodermal type cells to the surrounding tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004388 absent prechordal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004387 abnormal prechordal plate morphology absence of the horseshoe-shaped thickening of the endoderm at the cranial (rostral) end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells which, together with the notochord, induces the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells and contributes mesodermal type cells to the surrounding tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004389 abnormal respiratory bronchiole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010911 abnormal pulmonary acinus morphology any structural anomaly of the smallest bronchioles, which connect the terminal bronchioles to alveolar ducts and have alveoli rising from their walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004390 abnormal bronchoalveolar duct junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004389 abnormal respiratory bronchiole morphology any structural anomaly of the branch point connecting the respiratory bronchioles to the alveolar ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004392 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology any functional anomaly of the subset of T lymphocytes that express the CD8 marker on the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004393 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002622 abnormal cochlear hair cell morphology any structural anomaly in the sensory cells of the organ of Corti which are in synaptic contact with sensory as well as efferent fibers of the auditory nerve; there is a single row of flask-shaped inner hair cells tightly surrounded by supporting interphalangeal cells; the apical end of each cell is anchored to the cuticular plate and about 100 stereocilia arranged in a more or less linear (or shallow) U-shaped pattern extend from the cell's surface through the cuticular plate into the endolymphic space inferior to the tectorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004394 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004393 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell morphology abnormal number of the flask-shaped inner hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti which are in synaptic contact with sensory as well as efferent fibers of the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004395 increased cochlear inner hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004407 increased cochlear hair cell number increased number (or more than the expected single row) of the flask-shaped inner hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004396 decreased cochlear inner hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004408 decreased cochlear hair cell number decreased number (or less than the expected single row) of the flask-shaped inner hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004397 absent cochlear inner hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004396 decreased cochlear inner hair cell number absence of the single row of flask-shaped inner hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004398 cochlear inner hair cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004393 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell morphology degeneration or loss of the single row of flask-shaped inner hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004399 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002622 abnormal cochlear hair cell morphology any structural anomaly in the sensory cells of the organ of Corti which are in synaptic contact with sensory as well as efferent fibers of the auditory nerve; there are three rows of columnar outer hair cells largely surrounded by cortilymph and supporting phalangeal cells; the apical end of each cell is anchored to the cuticular plate and about 100 stereocilia arranged in a V-shaped pattern extend from the cell's surface through the cuticular plate into the tectorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004400 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004399 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell morphology abnormal number of the columnar outer hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004401 increased cochlear outer hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004407 increased cochlear hair cell number increased number (or more than the expected 3 rows) of the columnar outer hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004402 decreased cochlear outer hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004408 decreased cochlear hair cell number decreased number (or less than the expected 3 rows) of the columnar outer hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004403 absent cochlear outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004402 decreased cochlear outer hair cell number absence of the columnar outer hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004404 cochlear outer hair cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004399 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell morphology degeneration or loss of the columnar outer hair sensory cells of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004405 absent cochlear hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004408 decreased cochlear hair cell number absence of the sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea; these cells are normally in synaptic contact with the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004406 abnormal cochlear hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002622 abnormal cochlear hair cell morphology abnormal number of the sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea, which are normally in synaptic contact with the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004407 increased cochlear hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004406 abnormal cochlear hair cell number increased number of the sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea, which are normally in synaptic contact with the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004408 decreased cochlear hair cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004406 abnormal cochlear hair cell number decreased number of the sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea, which are normally in synaptic contact with the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004409 abnormal crista ampullaris neuroepithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004249 abnormal crista ampullaris morphology any structural anomaly in the specialized sensory hair cells of the ampullary crest of the ampulla of each semicircular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004410 absent endocochlear potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002630 abnormal endocochlear potential absence of the electrical potential difference between the endolymphatic and perilymphatic compartments of the cochlea, indicating a primary defect in fluid homeostasis of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004411 decreased endocochlear potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002630 abnormal endocochlear potential reduction of the electrical potential difference between the endolymphatic and perilymphatic compartments of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004412 abnormal cochlear microphonics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006332 abnormal cochlear potential any anomaly in the bioelectric potentials produced by the hair cells of the organ of Corti in response to sound; the cochlear microphonic (CM) is an electric response dominated by OHC receptor potentials from the basal turn of the cochlea and provides a measure of transducer function in OHCs; in an active ear, CM waveforms show post-stimulus ringing (i.e. a cochlear echo) whereas in a passive ear system, CM decays at the cessation of the tone burst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004413 absent cochlear microphonics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004412 abnormal cochlear microphonics absence or loss of the bioelectric potentials produced by the hair cells of the organ of Corti in response to sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004414 decreased cochlear microphonics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004412 abnormal cochlear microphonics reduction of the bioelectric potentials produced by the hair cells of the organ of Corti in response to sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004415 abnormal cochlear nerve compound action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006335 abnormal hearing electrophysiology anomaly in the combined potentials resulting from activation of the auditory division of the eighth cranial nerve; these potentials represent the summed activity of multiple cochlear afferent fibers discharging synchronously and thus assess the combined functional state of OHCs, IHCs, and their primary afferent innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004416 absent cochlear nerve compound action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004415 abnormal cochlear nerve compound action potential absence of the combined potentials resulting from activation of the auditory division of the eighth cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004417 decreased cochlear nerve compound action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004415 abnormal cochlear nerve compound action potential reduction of the combined potentials resulting from activation of the auditory division of the eighth cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004418 small parietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000109 abnormal parietal bone morphology reduced size of the paired membranous bones located between the frontal and occipital bones that are large, curved and quadrilateral in outline, articulate with each other at the midline in the sagittal suture, and form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004419 absent parietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000109 abnormal parietal bone morphology absence of the paired membranous bones located between the frontal and occipital bones that are large, curved and quadrilateral in outline, articulate with each other at the midline in the sagittal suture, and form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004420 parietal bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004418 small parietal bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the parietal bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004421 enlarged parietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000109 abnormal parietal bone morphology increased size of the paired membranous bones located between the frontal and occipital bones that are large, curved and quadrilateral in outline, articulate with each other at the midline in the sagittal suture, and form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004422 small temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005272 abnormal temporal bone morphology reduced size of the large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004423 abnormal temporal bone squamous part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005272 abnormal temporal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the anterosuperior portion of the temporal bone that is thin, scale-like, and translucent and forms part of the lateral wall of the cranial vault http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004424 temporal bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004422 small temporal bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the temporal bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004425 abnormal otolith organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004427 abnormal vestibular labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly in the utricle and saccule of the inner ear which possess otoliths and respond to linear acceleration and deceleration, including gravity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004428 abnormal type I vestibular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002623 abnormal vestibular hair cell morphology any structural anomaly in the flask-shaped sensory cells of the maculae and cristae of the vestibular labyrinth of the inner ear, which are normally enclosed in calyx endings of afferent neurons; afferent and efferent nerve fibers of the vestibular nerve synapse with them; from the apical end of each cell a bundle of stereocilia and a kinocilium extend into the otolithic membrane of the maculae or the cupula of the cristae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004429 abnormal type II vestibular cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002623 abnormal vestibular hair cell morphology any structural anomaly in the cylindrical sensory cells of the maculae and cristae of the vestibular labyrinth of the inner ear which are normally contacted by bouton endings of afferent and efferent neurons; afferent and efferent nerve fibers of the vestibular nerve synapse with them; from the apical end of each cell a bundle of stereocilia and a kinocilium extend into the otolithic membrane of the maculae or the cupula of the cristae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004430 abnormal Claudius cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology any structural anomaly in the columnar cells located on the floor of the ductus cochlearis external to the spiral organ (also known as the organ of Corti) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004431 abnormal hair cell mechanoelectric transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003879 abnormal hair cell physiology anomalous conversion of mechanical energy into electric(al) energy by sensory cells, such as auditory and vestibular hair cells, required for auditory sensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004432 abnormal cochlear hair cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003879 abnormal hair cell physiology any functional anomaly in processes pertinent to the integrated function of cochlear hair cells i.e. the sensory cells in the spiral organ which are in synaptic contact with sensory as well as efferent fibers of the cochlear (auditory) nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004433 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004432 abnormal cochlear hair cell physiology any functional anomaly in processes pertinent to the function of cochlear IHCs which constitute the true sensory cell type sending impulses via the cochlear (auditory) nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004434 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004432 abnormal cochlear hair cell physiology any functional anomaly in processes pertinent to the function of cochlear OHCs which are known to enhance the performance of the cochlea, both qualitatively (increased selectivity) and quantitatively (increased sensitivity); in addition to the mechanoelectric transduction required for auditory sensation, OHCs also perform electromechanical transduction, whereby transmembrane voltage drives rapid changes in the length and stiffness of OHCs at audio frequencies in vitro (electromotility) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004435 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell electromotility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004434 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell physiology anomalous motility of the cochlear OHCs in response to electrical stimulation; normally, the motile response (i.e. rapid change in length and stiffness of OHCs) is closely coupled to the changing transduction current and provides a region-specific amplification in the movement of the spiral organ that enhances transduction at the IHCs in that specific region of the cochlear spiral, increasing both sensitivity and specificity; electromotility is believed to arise through voltage-gated conformational changes in motor protein (prestin) or proteins located in the lateral wall of the OHC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004436 absent cochlear outer hair cell electromotility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004435 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell electromotility absence or loss of motility of the cochlear OHCs in response to electrical stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004437 decreased cochlear outer hair cell electromotility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004435 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell electromotility reduced motility of the cochlear OHCs in response to electrical stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004438 abnormal vestibular hair cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003879 abnormal hair cell physiology anomalies in processes pertinent to the integrated function of the sensory epithelium of the maculae and cristae in the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004439 absent Meckel's cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005587 abnormal Meckel's cartilage morphology absence of this cartilage bar in the mandibular arch that forms a temporary supporting structure in the embryonic mandible; gives rise to middle ear bones and sphenomandibular and anterior malleolar ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004440 absent occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology absence of the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004441 small occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology reduced size of the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004442 occipital bone foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology presence of a hole in the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004443 absent supraoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000078 abnormal supraoccipital bone morphology absence of the bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004444 small supraoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000078 abnormal supraoccipital bone morphology reduced size of the bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, usually forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004445 small exoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000080 abnormal exoccipital bone morphology reduced size of the bone or region on the lateral sides of the great foremen of the skull, which often forms a part of the occipital in the adult, but is usually distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004446 split exoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000080 abnormal exoccipital bone morphology the appearance of an abnormal division in the bone or region on the lateral sides of the great foremen of the skull, which often forms a part of the occipital in the adult, but is usually distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004447 small basioccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000079 abnormal basioccipital bone morphology reduced size of the bone in the base of the cranium, frequently forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but usually distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004448 abnormal presphenoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000104 abnormal sphenoid bone morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid; it is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004449 absent presphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004448 abnormal presphenoid bone morphology absence of the anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid; it is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004450 presphenoid bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030383 small presphenoid bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the presphenoid bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004451 short presphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030383 small presphenoid bone reduced length of the anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid; it is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004452 abnormal pterygoid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000104 abnormal sphenoid bone morphology any structural anomaly of the process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in vertebrates divided into two plates, an inner and an outer (sometimes called the lateral and medial); the posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004453 abnormal pterygoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004452 abnormal pterygoid process morphology any structural anomaly of the bone region which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the mammalian skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004454 absent pterygoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004452 abnormal pterygoid process morphology absence of the process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in vertebrates divided into two plates, an inner and an outer (sometimes called the lateral and medial); the posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004455 pterygoid bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004456 small pterygoid bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pterygoid bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004456 small pterygoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004453 abnormal pterygoid bone morphology reduced size of the bone region which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the mammalian skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004457 abnormal orbitosphenoid bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010030 abnormal orbit morphology any structural anomaly of the bone that is situated in the orbit on either side of the presphenoid; it generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the adult, and may be independent in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004458 absent alisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003235 abnormal alisphenoid bone morphology absence of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004459 small alisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003235 abnormal alisphenoid bone morphology reduced size of either of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004460 alisphenoid bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the alisphenoid bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004461 basisphenoid bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the basisphenoid bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004462 small basisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000106 abnormal basisphenoid bone morphology reduced size of part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004463 basisphenoid bone foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000106 abnormal basisphenoid bone morphology the presence of one or more holes in part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004464 absent strial basal cell tight junctions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004365 abnormal strial basal cell morphology absence of tight junctions from the basal cell layer of stria vascularis, resulting in destruction of the paracellular barrier between basal cells; loss of basal cell tight junctions renders the intrastrial space open to perilymph and abolishes its electrical isolation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004465 degeneration of organ of Corti supporting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004300 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell morphology degeneration or loss of the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features that surround all hair cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004466 short cochlear outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004399 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell morphology reduced height of the sensory cells of the organ of Corti which are in synaptic contact with sensory as well as efferent fibers of the auditory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004467 absent zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone absence of the quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004469 abnormal zygomatic arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the bony arch in vertebrates that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004471 short nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030384 short facial bone reduced length of either of two rectangular bone plates forming the bridge of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004472 broad nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004474 enlarged nasal bone increased width of either of two rectangular bone plates forming the bridge of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004473 absent nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone absence of either of two rectangular bone plates forming the bridge of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004475 palatine bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the palatine bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004476 absent palatine bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone absence of either of two irregularly L-shaped bones located posterior to the maxilla that in part forms the back of the hard palate, part of the nasal cavity and part of the floor of the orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004477 turbinate hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002244 abnormal turbinate morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the turbinate, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004478 increased testicular teratoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006262 increased testis tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a usually benign tumor found in the testis that is the result of an anomaly of germ cell development, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; teratomas typically contains a diversity of tissues often representing all organ systems such as hair, teeth, bone, thyroid, or nerve tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004479 abnormal oval window morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology any structural anomaly of the oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004480 abnormal round window morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology any structural anomaly of the opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; it serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004481 abnormal conjunctival epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001310 abnormal conjunctiva morphology any structural anomaly of the conjunctival layer of epithelial cells covering inner surface of the eyelid and the front of the eyeball except over the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004482 abnormal interdental cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004287 abnormal spiral limbus morphology any structural anomaly of the long, spindle-shaped cells arranged in parallel rows, oriented with their vertical axis perpendicular to the luminal surface of the spiral limbus; they secrete potassium ions into the endolymph and secrete the tectorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004483 absent interdental cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004482 abnormal interdental cell morphology absence of the long, spindle-shaped cells arranged in parallel rows, oriented with their vertical axis perpendicular to the luminal surface of the spiral limbus; they secrete potassium ions into the endolymph and secrete the tectorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004484 abnormal response of heart to induced stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury change in the physiological response of the heart to induced stress such as cardiac hypertrophy due to mechanical pressure overload from aortic banding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004485 increased response of heart to induced stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004484 abnormal response of heart to induced stress increase in severity of the physiological response of the heart to induced stress such as cardiac hypertrophy due to mechanical pressure overload from aortic banding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004486 decreased response of heart to induced stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004484 abnormal response of heart to induced stress decrease in severity of the physiological response of the heart to induced stress such as cardiac hypertrophy due to mechanical pressure overload from aortic banding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004487 type I spiral ligament fibrocyte degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004293 abnormal type I spiral ligament fibrocytes degeneration or loss of type I spiral ligament fibrocytes which occupy the region beneath the stria vascularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004488 type II spiral ligament fibrocyte degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004294 abnormal type II spiral ligament fibrocytes degeneration or loss of type II spiral ligament fibrocytes found in the suprastrial zone and the central area of the spiral ligament beneath the spiral prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004489 type III spiral ligament fibrocyte degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004295 abnormal type III spiral ligament fibrocytes degeneration or loss of type III spiral ligament fibrocytes which form a cell layer attached to the otic capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004490 type IV spiral ligament fibrocyte degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004296 abnormal type IV spiral ligament fibrocytes degeneration or loss of type IV spiral ligament fibrocytes found in the triangular space inferior to the basilar crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004491 abnormal orientation of outer hair cell stereociliary bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004527 abnormal outer hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology misorientation or rotation of outer hair cell (OHC) stereociliary bundles, resulting in defective planar cell polarity of the inner ear sensory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004492 abnormal orientation of inner hair cell stereociliary bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004532 abnormal inner hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology misorientation or rotation of inner hair cell (IHC) stereociliary bundles, resulting in defective planar cell polarity of the inner ear sensory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004493 dilated cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014297 abnormal cochlea size the luminal space of the cochlea is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004494 abnormal synaptic glutamate release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion aberrant secretion across synapses of the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system (CNS), which acts through both ligand gated ion channels (ionotropic receptors) and G protein-coupled (metabotropic) receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004495 decreased synaptic glutamate release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004494 abnormal synaptic glutamate release reduced secretion across synapses of the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system (CNS), which acts through both ligand gated ion channels (ionotropic receptors) and G protein-coupled (metabotropic) receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004496 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004300 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell morphology abnormal number of the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features which surround the hair cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004498 increased organ of Corti supporting cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004496 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell number increased number of the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features which surround the hair cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004499 increased incidence of tumors by chemical induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008873 increased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic higher than normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by one or more chemical carcinogens or mutagens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004500 increased incidence of tumors by ionizing radiation induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002021 increased incidence of induced tumors higher than normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by radiation in which the individual particle or photon carries sufficient energy to completely remove an electron from its orbit; common types of this radiation include gamma-rays and X-rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004501 increased incidence of tumors by UV-induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002021 increased incidence of induced tumors higher than normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by exposure to ultraviolet light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004502 decreased incidence of tumors by chemical induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008874 decreased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic lower than normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by one or more chemical carcinogens or mutagens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004503 decreased incidence of tumors by ionizing radiation induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002053 decreased incidence of induced tumors lower than normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by radiation in which the individual particle or photon carries sufficient energy to completely remove an electron from its orbit; common types of this radiation include gamma-rays and X-rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004504 decreased incidence of tumors by UV induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002053 decreased incidence of induced tumors lower than normal frequency of tumor incidence induced by exposure to ultraviolet light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004505 decreased renal glomerulus number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology reduced number of the capillary loops of the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004506 abnormal pubis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004509 abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of the forward portion of either of the hipbones, at the juncture forming the front arch of the pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004507 abnormal ischium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004509 abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of the lowest of the three major bones that constitute each half of the pelvis, distinct at birth but later becoming fused with the ilium and pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004509 abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009250 abnormal appendicular skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the bones of the pelvis by which the limbs attach to the axial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004510 myositis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology inflammation of muscle; local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004512 anosmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001984 abnormal olfaction loss of the sense of smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004513 avnosmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005423 abnormal somatic nervous system physiology loss of the ability to detect pheromones through the vomeronasal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004514 dystocia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002907 abnormal parturition slow or difficult delivery of offspring and/or placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004515 abnormal vestibular hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002623 abnormal vestibular hair cell morphology any structural anomaly or disruption of the typical staircase-like arrangement of the mechanosensitive hair bundles which are composed of thick long microvilli (stereocilia) and are located at the apical end of vestibular hair cells of the utricle and saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004516 fused vestibular hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004515 abnormal vestibular hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology coalescence of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) normally arrayed on vestibular hair cells, often resulting in giant stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004517 decreased vestibular hair cell stereocilia number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004515 abnormal vestibular hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology decreased number of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) normally arrayed on vestibular hair cells in a staircase-like pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004518 absent vestibular hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004515 abnormal vestibular hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology complete absence of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on vestibular hair cells in a staircase-like pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004519 thin vestibular hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004515 abnormal vestibular hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology reduced thickness of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on vestibular hair cells in a staircase-like pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004520 short vestibular hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004515 abnormal vestibular hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology reduced length of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on vestibular hair cells in a staircase-like pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002622 abnormal cochlear hair cell morphology any structural anomaly or disruption of the typical pattern of arrangement of mechanosensitive hair bundles which are composed of thick long microvilli (stereocilia) and are located at the apical end of cochlear inner and outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004522 abnormal orientation of cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology misorientation or rotation of inner and/or outer hair cell stereociliary bundles, resulting in defective planar cell polarity of the inner ear sensory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004523 decreased cochlear hair cell stereocilia number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology decreased number (or less than the expected 100 or so) of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) normally arrayed on cochlear inner and outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004524 short cochlear hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology reduced length of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on cochlear inner and outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004525 thin cochlear hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology reduced thickness of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on cochlear inner and outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004526 absent cochlear hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology complete absence of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on cochlear inner and outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004527 abnormal outer hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology any structural anomaly or disruption of the typical V or W-like pattern of arrangement of mechanosensitive hair bundles located at the apical end of cochlear OHCs; each hair bundle is normally composed of ~100 nonmotile, actin-filled microvilli (stereocilia) arranged in rows of increasing height and coupled to one another by morphologically distinct links: tip links, horizontal top connectors, shaft connectors, and ankle links; most hair bundles also possess a single motile kinocilium immediately adjacent to the tallest (outermost) row of stereocilia; a fifth link type, the kinocilial link, connects the kinocilium to its neighboring stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004528 fused outer hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004527 abnormal outer hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology coalescence of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) normally arrayed on cochlear outer hair cells, often resulting in giant stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004529 decreased outer hair cell stereocilia number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004527 abnormal outer hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology decreased number (or less than the expected 100 or so) of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) normally arrayed on cochlear outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004530 absent outer hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004527 abnormal outer hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology complete absence of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on cochlear outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004531 short outer hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004527 abnormal outer hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology reduced length of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on cochlear outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004532 abnormal inner hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology any structural anomaly or disruption of the typically linear or U-shaped pattern of arrangement of mechanosensitive hair bundles located at the apical end of cochlear IHCs; each hair bundle is normally composed of ~100 nonmotile, actin-filled microvilli (stereocilia) arranged in rows of increasing height and coupled to one another by morphologically distinct links: tip links, horizontal top connectors, shaft connectors, and ankle links; most hair bundles also possess a single motile kinocilium immediately adjacent to the tallest row of stereocilia; a fifth link type, the kinocilial link, connects the kinocilium to its neighboring stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004533 fused inner hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004532 abnormal inner hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology coalescence of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) normally arrayed on cochlear inner hair cells, often resulting in giant stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004534 decreased inner hair cell stereocilia number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004532 abnormal inner hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology decreased number (or less than the expected 100 or so) of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) normally arrayed on cochlear inner hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004535 absent inner hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004532 abnormal inner hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology complete absence of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on cochlear inner hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004536 short inner hair cell stereocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004532 abnormal inner hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology reduced length of the nonmotile, actin-filled specialized microvilli (stereocilia) which are normally arrayed on cochlear inner hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004539 absent maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030268 agnathia missing the upper bony framework of the mouth where the superior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004541 absent auditory tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003330 abnormal auditory tube morphology absence of the tube connecting the tympanic cavity and the nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004542 impaired acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013287 abnormal acrosome reaction reduced ability or inability to execute the cellular exocytosis of a single, anterior secretory granule following a sperm's attachment to the zona pellucida surrounding an oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004544 absent esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology absence of the part of the digestive canal through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004545 enlarged esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly increased size of the part of the digestive canal through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004546 esophagus hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004545 enlarged esophagus increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the esophagus, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004547 esophageal ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology a lesion on the mucosal surface of the esophagus, usually produced by the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004548 dilated esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology an expansion in the lumen volume of the part of the digestive canal through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004549 small trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology reduced size of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004550 short trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004549 small trachea reduced length of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004551 decreased tracheal cartilage ring number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003120 abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology less than the expected number of the incomplete C- or U-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage that support the trachea and prevent it from collapsing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004552 fused tracheal cartilage rings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003120 abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology fusion of some or all of the incomplete C- or U-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage that support the trachea and prevent it from collapsing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004553 absent tracheal cartilage rings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004551 decreased tracheal cartilage ring number absence of the incomplete C- or U-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage that support the trachea and prevent it from collapsing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004554 small pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002234 abnormal pharynx morphology reduced size of the passage between the mouth and the posterior nares and the larynx and esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004555 pharynx hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004554 small pharynx decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pharynx, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004556 enlarged allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001726 abnormal allantois morphology increased size of the fetal membrane which contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord and placental blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004557 dilated allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001726 abnormal allantois morphology an expansion in the volume of the fetal membrane which contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord and placental blood vessels, as by stretching or distention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004558 delayed allantois development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology late onset of development of the fetal membrane which contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord and placental blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004559 small allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001726 abnormal allantois morphology reduced size of the fetal membrane which contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord and placental blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004560 abnormal chorionic plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002836 abnormal chorion morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the chorion from which chorionic villi develop that establish a connection with the endometrium, giving rise to the fetal portion of the mature placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004561 absent facial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001071 abnormal facial nerve morphology absence of the sensory and motor nerve that supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004562 abnormal inner hair cell synaptic ribbon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004393 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell morphology any structural anomaly in the presynaptic active zone of mature cochlear IHCs which usually contain a single synaptic ribbon, i.e. a submicrometer, electron-dense structure tethering synaptic vesicles; each spiral ganglion neuron receives input from only one IHC synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004563 absent active-zone-anchored inner hair cell synaptic ribbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004562 abnormal inner hair cell synaptic ribbon morphology absence or loss of the usually single synaptic ribbon, a characteristic osmiophilic, electron-dense structure to which synaptic vesicles are tethered at the active zone of the cochlear inner hair cell afferent synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004564 increased myocardial fiber size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology increased size of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative, cardiac muscle fibers, the multinucleated muscle cells of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004565 decreased myocardial fiber size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology decreased size of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative, cardiac muscle fibers, the multinucleated muscle cells of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004566 myocardial fiber degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology deterioration or destruction of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative, cardiac muscle fibers, the multinucleated muscle cells of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004567 decreased myocardial fiber number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology decreased number of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative, cardiac muscle fibers, the multinucleated muscle cells of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004568 fusion of glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001074 abnormal vagus nerve morphology union of the ninth and tenth cranial nerves into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004569 glossopharyngeal nerve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001073 abnormal glossopharyngeal nerve morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the glossopharyngeal nerve, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004570 absent glossopharyngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001073 abnormal glossopharyngeal nerve morphology absence of the sensory and autonomic axons to the parotid gland, carotid body, posterior third of the tongue; the branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004571 absent vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001074 abnormal vagus nerve morphology absence of the autonomic, sensory and motor axons of the tenth cranial nerve; it is primarily sensory but also has visceromotor components; it originates in the brain stem and controls many autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, stomach, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract components, and also controls some motor functions such as speech; the sensory branches mediate sensation from the pharynx, larynx, thorax and abdomen; it also innervates taste buds in the epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004572 fusion of basioccipital and basisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000106 abnormal basisphenoid bone morphology union of the basioccipital and basisphenoid bones into one structure, when this fusion does not normally occur (such as in a species where these bones normally persist as separate entities) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004573 absent limb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology missing the mesenchymal outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004574 broad limb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology increased anterior-posterior width of the mesenchymal outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004575 small limb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology reduced size of the mesenchymal outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004576 abnormal embryonic autopod plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006279 abnormal limb development any structural anomaly of transient developing limb structure that forms by expansion of the distal end of the limb paddle and will give rise to the pedal appendages (e.g. hand, foot, paw) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004577 abnormal cochlear hair cell inter-stereocilial links morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004521 abnormal cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology any structural anomaly in the morphologically and biochemically distinct link types that extend between the stereocilia of cochlear hair bundles; link types can be distinguished by their relative sensitivities to treatment with calcium chelators and the protease subtilisin; in the mature mouse cochlea, tip links and horizontal top connectors are the only inter-stereocilial links associated with the hair bundle; ankle links and transient lateral links are both prominent features of developing auditory hair bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004578 abnormal cochlear hair bundle tip links morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004577 abnormal cochlear hair cell inter-stereocilial links morphology any structural anomaly in single, three-stranded interrow filaments that extend obliquely from the tip of one stereocilium to the lateral side of an adjacent taller stereocilium; in the mouse, tip links are already detectable prenatally and persist throughout life; tips links are thought to gate the mechanotransducer channel, are lost from the cell surface after exposure to either calcium chelator BAPTA or lanthanum, and resist degradation by the protease subtilisin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004579 abnormal cochlear hair bundle horizontal top connectors morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004577 abnormal cochlear hair cell inter-stereocilial links morphology any structural anomaly in the inter-stereocilial links that connect the top of a shorter stereocilium to an adjacent longer stereocilium at a short distance below the tip links; the appearance of horizontal top connectors, which persist into adulthood, occurs concomitant with this loss of ankle links; top connectors are essentially unaffected by treatment with subtilisin and EGTA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004580 abnormal cochlear hair bundle transient lateral links morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004577 abnormal cochlear hair cell inter-stereocilial links morphology any structural anomaly in the fine lateral links that interconnect stereocilia at prenatal stages; transient lateral links diminish at early postnatal stages when ankle links appear at the base of stereocilia, and are essentially unaffected by treatment with subtilisin and EGTA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004581 abnormal cochlear hair bundle ankle links morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004577 abnormal cochlear hair cell inter-stereocilial links morphology any structural anomaly in the long, single-stranded filaments that form a dense web or mesh around the base of cochlear hair bundles just above the region in which the stereocilia begin to taper down; in the mouse, ankle links are only a transient feature of the developing cochlear hair bundles, present predominantly from P2 though P9, but are absent by P12; ankle links are disrupted by treatment of hair cells with EGTA and subtilisin but not by La3+ and elastase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004582 absent cochlear hair bundle ankle links http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004581 abnormal cochlear hair bundle ankle links morphology absence of the long, single-stranded filaments that form a dense web or mesh around the base of cochlear hair bundles just above the region in which the stereocilia begin to taper down http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004583 abnormal vestibular hair bundle inter-stereocilial links http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004515 abnormal vestibular hair cell stereociliary bundle morphology any structural anomaly in the morphologically and biochemically distinct link types that extend between the stereocilia of vestibular hair bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004584 abnormal vestibular hair bundle shaft connectors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004583 abnormal vestibular hair bundle inter-stereocilial links any structural anomaly in the links that connect the shafts of neighboring stereocilia in vestibular hair bundles; each shaft connector is composed of a ruthenium red-reactive, electron-dense particle that is connected to the plasma membrane by several fine strands of variable length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004585 absent vestibular hair bundle shaft connectors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004584 abnormal vestibular hair bundle shaft connectors absence of the inter-stereocilial links that connect the shafts of neighboring stereocilia in vestibular hair bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004586 pillar cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003825 abnormal pillar cell morphology degeneration or loss of the supporting cells that form the inner and outer walls of the tunnel in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004587 decreased cellular sensitivity to X-ray irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004228 decreased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation decreased incidence of cell death following exposure to X-ray irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004588 abnormal vestibular hair cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003938 abnormal ear development atypical initial production, differentiation, migration or maturation of hair cells in the sensory epithelium of the maculae and cristae of the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004589 abnormal cochlear hair cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003938 abnormal ear development atypical initial production, differentiation, migration or maturation of the sensory epithelial cells of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004590 absent Deiters cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004302 abnormal Deiters cell morphology absence of the supporting cells of the spiral organ which are attached to the basement membrane and receive the hair cells between their free extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004591 enlarged tectorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003149 abnormal tectorial membrane morphology increased size of the overlaying membrane of cochlear duct, an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004593 long mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030050 large mandible increased length of the lower bony framework of the mouth where the inferior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004594 abnormal mandibular coronoid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010150 abnormal mandibular ramus morphology any structural anomaly of the thin, flattened, triangular eminence that arises from the upper surface of the mandibular ramus (perpendicular portion); includes the attachment site to the temporal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004595 abnormal mandibular condyloid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010150 abnormal mandibular ramus morphology any structural anomaly of the round bump of bone and constricted neck portion that arises from the upper surface of the mandibular ramus (perpendicular portion) and articulates with the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004596 abnormal mandibular angle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000458 abnormal mandible morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the mandible where the body of the mandible (horizontal portion) and the rami (perpendicular portions) meet; these normally unite nearly at right angles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004597 increased susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006334 abnormal susceptibility to hearing loss greater than normal reduction in hearing sensitivity following exposure to acute noise that is injurious to the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004598 abnormal cochlear basement membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004272 abnormal basement membrane morphology any structural anomaly in the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004599 abnormal vertebral arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal bony and/or cartilaginous part of a vertebra, consisting of a pair of pedicles, a pair of laminae, and seven processes (four articular processes, two transverse processes, and one spinous process) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004601 abnormal vertebral spinous process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004599 abnormal vertebral arch morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal projection of the vertebral arch that projects backward and downward from the junction of the laminae, and serves for the attachment of muscles and ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004602 abnormal vertebral articular process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004599 abnormal vertebral arch morphology any structural anomaly of the bilateral flat projections that arise from the junctions of the pedicles and laminae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004603 absent vertebral arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004599 abnormal vertebral arch morphology loss of the dorsal part of a vertebra, consisting of a pair of pedicles, a pair of laminae, and seven processes (four articular processes, two transverse processes, and one spinous process) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004605 abnormal vertebral lamina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004599 abnormal vertebral arch morphology any structural anomaly of two broad plates directed dorsomedially from the pedicles; these fuse at the dorsal midline, and complete the dorsal wall of the vertebral foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004606 absent vertebral spinous process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004601 abnormal vertebral spinous process morphology missing the dorsal projection of the vertebral arch that projects backward and downward from the junction of the laminae, and serves for the attachment of muscles and ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004607 abnormal cervical atlas morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003048 abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of the first (topmost, C1) cervical vertebra which supports the globe of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004608 abnormal cervical axis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003048 abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of the second cervical vertebra (C2) which forms the pivot upon which the first cervical (atlas, C1) vertebra rotates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003189 fused joints the union of one or more vertebrae into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004610 small vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology reduced size of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004611 increased susceptibility to ototoxicity-induced hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008873 increased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic greater than normal reduction in hearing sensitivity following exposure to an ototoxic compound, such as aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss mediated via a glutamate excitotoxic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004612 fusion of vertebral bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion improper union of the main cylindrical portion of adjacent vertebra ventral to the vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004613 fusion of vertebral arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion improper union of the dorsal part of adjacent vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004614 caudal vertebral transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003036 vertebral transformation homeotic transformation of any caudal vertebrae to adopt the fate of another vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004615 cervical vertebral transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003048 abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology homeotic transformation of any cervical vertebrae to adopt the fate of another vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004616 lumbar vertebral transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003049 abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology homeotic transformation of any lumbar vertebrae to adopt the fate of another vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004617 sacral vertebral transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003050 abnormal sacral vertebrae morphology homeotic transformation of any sacral vertebrae to adopt the fate of another vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004618 thoracic vertebral transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003047 abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology homeotic transformation of any thoracic vertebrae to adopt the fate of another vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004619 caudal vertebral fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion the union of one or more caudal vertebrae into a single structure in species where this does not normally occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004620 cervical vertebral fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion the union of one or more cervical vertebrae into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004621 lumbar vertebral fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion the union of one or more lumbar vertebrae into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004622 sacral vertebral fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion the union of one or more sacral vertebrae into a single structure in species where this does not normally occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004623 thoracic vertebral fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004609 vertebral fusion the union of one or more thoracic vertebrae into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004626 vertebral compression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021136 abnormal vertebrae shape appearance of vertebrae that are flattened laterally along the whole length such that they appear pressed together and take up less rostrocaudal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004627 abnormal trochanter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology any structural anomaly of the bony prominences near the upper extremity of the femur; there are two in human (greater and lesser trochanters) and three in many other mammalian species (greater, lesser and third); these normally serve as attachment points for hip and thigh muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004628 Deiters cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004302 abnormal Deiters cell morphology degeneration or loss of the supporting cells of the spiral organ which are attached to the basement membrane and receive the hair cells between their free extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004629 abnormal spiral modiolar artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the artery which parallels the spiral ganglion in the root of the spiral lamina of the modiolus, serving the ganglion and the cochlear duct and its contents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004630 spiral modiolar artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004629 abnormal spiral modiolar artery morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the artery which parallels the spiral ganglion in the root of the spiral lamina of the modiolus and serves the ganglion and the cochlear duct and its contents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004632 abnormal cochlear OHC efferent innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004399 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell morphology any changes in the morphology or number of efferent terminals, occurring as clusters, in the cochlear OHC region; normally, medial olivocochlear neurons, which are primarily found in rostral and ventral periolivary regions, project mainly to the contralateral cochlea, and terminate directly on OHCs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004633 abnormal cochlear IHC efferent innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004393 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell morphology any changes in the morphology of the normally dense plexus of efferent terminals that contact radial fibers of the spiral ganglion below cochlear IHCs or of the sparser plexus of terminals positioned around IHC somata; normally, lateral olivocochlear neurons, which are found in and/or around the lateral superior olive, project mainly to the ipsilateral cochlea and terminate mostly on dendritic fibers below IHCs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004634 short metacarpal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004686 decreased length of long bones reduced length of the five bones of the forepaws that articulate proximally with the carpal bones and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004635 short metatarsal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004686 decreased length of long bones reduced length of the five bones of the hindpaws that articulate proximally with the cuneiform and cuboid bones of the tarsus and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004636 decreased metacarpal bone number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003073 abnormal metacarpal bone morphology reduced number of the five bones of the forepaws/hands that articulate proximally with the carpal bones and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004637 metacarpal bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003073 abnormal metacarpal bone morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the metacarpal bones, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004638 elongated metacarpal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004695 increased length of long bones increased length of the five bones of the forepaws/hands that articulate proximally with the carpal bones and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004639 fused metacarpal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003073 abnormal metacarpal bone morphology improper union of one or more of the five bones of the forepaws/hands that articulate proximally with the carpal bones and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004640 decreased metatarsal bone number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003072 abnormal metatarsal bone morphology reduced number of the five bones of the hindpaws/feet that articulate proximally with the cuneiform and cuboid bones of the tarsus and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004641 elongated metatarsal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004695 increased length of long bones increased length of the five bones of the hindpaws/feet that articulate proximally with the cuneiform and cuboid bones of the tarsus and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004642 fused metatarsal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003072 abnormal metatarsal bone morphology improper union of the five bones of the hindpaws/feet that articulate proximally with the cuneiform and cuboid bones of the tarsus and distally with the phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004643 abnormal vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology altered number of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004646 decreased cervical vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003048 abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology reduced number of the seven bony segments of the spine located anterior to the thoracic vertebrae and caudal to the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004647 decreased lumbar vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003049 abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology reduced number of the six bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004648 decreased thoracic vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003047 abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology reduced number of the thirteen bony segments of the spine located anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and posterior to the cervical vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004649 decreased sacral vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004645 decreased vertebrae number reduced number of the bony segments of the spine located posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004650 increased lumbar vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003049 abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology increased number of the six bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004651 increased thoracic vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003047 abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology increased number of the thirteen bony segments of the spine located anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and posterior to the cervical vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004652 small caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002759 abnormal caudal vertebrae morphology reduced size of the bony segments of the coccyx or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004653 absent caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002759 abnormal caudal vertebrae morphology absence of all of the bony segments of the coccyx or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004654 absent lumbar vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003049 abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology absence of all of the six bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004655 absent thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003047 abnormal thoracic vertebrae morphology absence of all of the thirteen bony segments of the spine located anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and posterior to the cervical vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004656 absent sacral vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003050 abnormal sacral vertebrae morphology absence of all of the bony segments of the spine located posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004657 small sacral vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003050 abnormal sacral vertebrae morphology reduced size of any or all of the bony segments of the spine located posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004658 abnormal ventral tubercle of atlas morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004607 abnormal cervical atlas morphology any structural anomaly of the conical ventral projection on the arch of the atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004659 abnormal odontoid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004608 abnormal cervical axis morphology any structural anomaly of the large protuberance that projects upward from the cervical axis, around which the cervical atlas rotates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004660 absent thyroid follicular cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004697 abnormal thyroid follicular cell morphology absence of the thyroxine-producing follicular cells derived from the thyroid diverticulum which evaginates from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004661 absent thyroid parafollicular C-cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004698 abnormal thyroid parafollicular C-cell morphology absence of the neuroepithelial secretory cells that occur singly or in small groups, close to the outer follicular borders but within the follicular basement membrane of the thyroid; these cells secrete calcitonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004662 abnormal thyroid diverticulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003421 abnormal thyroid gland development any structural anomaly in the endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004663 athyroidism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology congenital absence of the thyroid gland or suppression or absence of its hormonal secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004664 delayed inner ear development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011238 abnormal inner ear development slowed progression to structurally mature components of the labyrinth, including the semicircular canals, vestibule and cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004665 abnormal stapedial artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014012 abnormal cranial blood vasculature morphology any structural anomaly in the small artery that passes through the ring of the stapes; while the stapedial artery is a temporary artery thought to disappear at late embryonic stage in humans, the mouse stapedial artery is complete by E13 and persists into adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004666 absent stapedial artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004665 abnormal stapedial artery morphology absence of the small artery that passes through the ring of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004667 vertebral body hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004670 small vertebral body decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vertebral body, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004668 absent vertebral body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000141 abnormal vertebral body morphology absence of the main cylindrical portion of the vertebra ventral to the vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004669 enlarged vertebral body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000141 abnormal vertebral body morphology increased size of the main cylindrical portion of the vertebra ventral to the vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004670 small vertebral body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000141 abnormal vertebral body morphology decreased size of the main cylindrical portion of the vertebra ventral to the vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004671 long ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology increased length of the bones forming the bony wall of the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004672 short ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology reduced length of the bones forming the bony wall of the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004673 splayed ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology any deviation from the normal curvature of the ribs such that the ribs are turned outward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004674 thin ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology a more slender appearance of the bones forming the bony wall of the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004675 rib fractures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology a crack or break in the bones forming the bony wall of the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004676 wide ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology an increase in the width of the bones forming the bony wall of the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004677 truncated ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology ribs that terminate abruptly as if having an end or point cut off http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004678 split xiphoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000159 abnormal xiphoid process morphology the appearance of an abnormal division of the caudal tip of the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004679 xiphoid process foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000159 abnormal xiphoid process morphology the appearance of a hole or holes in the caudal tip of the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004680 small xiphoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000159 abnormal xiphoid process morphology reduced size of the caudal tip of the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004681 intervertebral disk hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004682 small intervertebral disk decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the intervertebral disk, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004682 small intervertebral disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology reduced size of the cartilaginous and gelatinous structure found between vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004683 absent intervertebral disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology absence of the cartilaginous and gelatinous structure found between vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004684 intervertebral disk degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology retrogressive pathological change of the cartilaginous and gelatinous structure found between vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004685 calcified intervertebral disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in one or more intervertebral disks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004687 split vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021136 abnormal vertebrae shape any vertebrae or vertebral section that is cleft into two parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004688 absent ilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology absence of the broad, flaring portion of the hip bone, which is distinct at birth, but later fuses with the ischium and the pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004689 small ischium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004507 abnormal ischium morphology reduced size of the lowest of the three major bones that constitute each half of the pelvis, distinct at birth but later becoming fused with the ilium and pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004690 ischium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004689 small ischium decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ischium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004691 absent pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004506 abnormal pubis morphology absence of the forward portion of either of the hipbones, at the juncture forming the front arch of the pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004692 small pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004506 abnormal pubis morphology reduced size of the forward portion of either of the hipbones, at the juncture forming the front arch of the pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004693 pubis hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004692 small pubis decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pubis, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004694 absent patella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005353 abnormal patella morphology absence of the large sesamoid bone that covers the anterior surface of the knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004696 abnormal thyroid follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology any structural anomaly of the small spherical vesicular components of the thyroid gland that are lined with epithelium and contain a colloid substance that both serves as a reservoir of materials for thyroid hormone production and stores thyroid hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004697 abnormal thyroid follicular cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004696 abnormal thyroid follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the thyroxine-producing follicular cells derived from the thyroid diverticulum which evaginates from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004698 abnormal thyroid parafollicular C-cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology any structural anomaly of the neuroepithelial secretory cells that occur singly or in small groups, close to the outer follicular borders but within the follicular basement membrane of the thyroid; these cells secrete calcitonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004699 unilateral deafness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing bilateral asymmetry in auditory function whereby one of the two ears displays auditory thresholds indicative of intact hearing while the other ear displays thresholds reflecting auditory dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004700 abnormal circulating insulin-like growth factor I level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008831 abnormal insulin-like growth factor I level anomalous blood concentration of this polypeptide hormone with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004701 decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004700 abnormal circulating insulin-like growth factor I level reduced blood concentration of this polypeptide hormone with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004702 increased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004700 abnormal circulating insulin-like growth factor I level increased blood concentration of this polypeptide hormone with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004704 short vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology decreased rostral-caudal length of the complete structure forming the rostral-caudal axis of the skeleton formed from the alternating segments of vertebra and intervertebral discs which support the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004705 elongated vertebral body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000141 abnormal vertebral body morphology increased length of the main cylindrical portion of the vertebra ventral to the vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004706 short vertebral body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004670 small vertebral body reduced length of the main cylindrical portion of the vertebra ventral to the vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004707 enlarged lumbar vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003049 abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology increased size of any or all of the six bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004708 short lumbar vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003049 abnormal lumbar vertebrae morphology reduced length of any or all of the six bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004709 cervical vertebrae degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003048 abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology retrogressive pathologic change of any or all of the seven bony segments of the spine located anterior to the thoracic vertebrae and caudal to the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004710 small notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002825 abnormal notochord morphology reduced size of the axial fibrocellular cord in embryos around which develops the vertebral primordia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004711 persistence of notochord tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002825 abnormal notochord morphology failure of notochord tissue to differentiate into the vertebral primordia during development resulting in the presence of notochord tissue at later stages than it is normally seen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004712 notochord degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002825 abnormal notochord morphology retrogressive pathologic change of the axial fibrocellular cord in embryos around which develops the vertebral primordia (prior to normal differentiation of this tissue into the vertebral column tissues) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004713 split notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002825 abnormal notochord morphology the appearance of an abnormal division in the axial fibrocellular cord in embryos around which develops the vertebral primordia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004714 truncated notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002825 abnormal notochord morphology notochord morphology that terminates abruptly as if having an end or point cut off http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004715 absent vestibulocochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001072 abnormal vestibulocochlear nerve morphology absence of the composite sensory nerve innervating the receptor cells of the membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004716 abnormal cochlear nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001072 abnormal vestibulocochlear nerve morphology any structural anomaly in the part of the vestibulocochlear nerve [CN VIII] peripheral to the cochlear root; composed of the central nerve processes of the bipolar neurons of the spiral ganglion, which have their peripheral processes on the four rows of neuroepithelial cells (hair cells) of the spiral organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004717 absent cochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004716 abnormal cochlear nerve morphology absence of the part of the vestibulocochlear nerve [CN VIII] that is peripheral to the cochlear root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004718 abnormal vestibular nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001072 abnormal vestibulocochlear nerve morphology any structural anomaly in the part of the vestibulocochlear nerve [CN VIII] peripheral to the vestibular root; it is composed of the central processes of bipolar neurons that have the terminals of their peripheral processes on the hair cells in the ampullae of the semicircular ducts and the maculae of the saccule and utricle, and cell bodies of the vestibular ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004719 absent vestibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004718 abnormal vestibular nerve morphology absence of the part of the vestibulocochlear nerve [CN VIII] that is peripheral to the vestibular root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004721 abnormal platelet dense granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004720 abnormal platelet morphology any structural anomaly of the electron-dense bodies occurring in blood platelets that store and secrete adenosine nucleotides and serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004722 abnormal platelet dense granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004721 abnormal platelet dense granule morphology altered number of the electron-dense bodies occurring in blood platelets that store and secrete adenosine nucleotides and serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004723 abnormal platelet serotonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005322 abnormal serotonin level anomaly in the amount in platelets of serotonin, a biochemical messenger and regulator, found in the CNS, gastrointestinal tract, and produced by platelets that mediates neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004724 increased platelet serotonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010069 increased serotonin level greater than normal amount in platelets of serotonin, a biochemical messenger and regulator, found in the CNS, gastrointestinal tract, and produced by platelets that mediates neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004725 decreased platelet serotonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010070 decreased serotonin level reduced amount in platelets of serotonin, a biochemical messenger and regulator, found in the CNS, gastrointestinal tract, and produced by platelets that mediates neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004726 abnormal nasal capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031449 abnormal nasal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly in the cartilage around the developing nasal cavity of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004727 absent epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology absence of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis, consisting of the head, body, and tail, which turns sharply on itself to become the ductus deferens (vas deferens) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004728 abnormal efferent ductules of testis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly in the small seminal ducts that lead from the testis to the head of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004729 absent efferent ductules of testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004728 abnormal efferent ductules of testis morphology absence of the small seminal ducts that lead from the testis to the head of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004730 abnormal circulating gastrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level anomalous concentration in the blood of polypeptide hormones secreted by the pyloric-antral mucous lining of the stomach that induces the secretion of gastric juice by the parietal cells of the gastric glands; they also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004731 increased circulating gastrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004730 abnormal circulating gastrin level greater concentration in the blood of polypeptide hormones secreted by the pyloric-antral mucous lining of the stomach that induces the secretion of gastric juice by the parietal cells of the gastric glands; they also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004732 decreased circulating gastrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004730 abnormal circulating gastrin level reduced concentration in the blood of polypeptide hormones secreted by the pyloric-antral mucous lining of the stomach that induces the secretion of gastric juice by the parietal cells of the gastric glands; they also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004733 abnormal thoracic cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004134 abnormal chest morphology any structural anomaly of the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribcage between the diaphragm and the neck, and contains the lungs, heart, thoracic aorta, pulmonary artery and its branches, thymus gland, and the respiratory airway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004734 small thoracic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004733 abnormal thoracic cavity morphology reduced size of the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribcage between the diaphragm and the neck, and contains the lungs, heart, thoracic aorta, pulmonary artery and its branches, thymus gland, and the respiratory airway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004735 enlarged thoracic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004733 abnormal thoracic cavity morphology increased size of the cavity in the vertebrate body enclosed by the ribcage between the diaphragm and the neck, and contains the lungs, heart, thoracic aorta, pulmonary artery and its branches, thymus gland, and the respiratory airway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004736 abnormal distortion product otoacoustic emission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006336 abnormal otoacoustic response any abnormality in the sound produced by the cochlea in response to stimulation with 2 simultaneous tones of different frequencies; this measurement is particularly useful in assessing the functional state of OHCs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004737 absent distortion product otoacoustic emissions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004736 abnormal distortion product otoacoustic emission failure to create mechanical distortions in the inner ear when two primary tones are presented, indicating failure of outer hair cells to amplify basilar membrane motion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004738 abnormal auditory brainstem response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006335 abnormal hearing electrophysiology anomaly in the electrical activity generated in the ascending auditory system in response to short tone bursts; may be used to evaluate sensorineural hearing function; measurements may include the amplitude (the number of neurons firing), latency (the speed of transmission), interpeak latency (the time between peaks), interaural latency (the difference in wave V latency between ears) and threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004739 conductive hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006326 conductive hearing impairment progressive hearing loss due to lesions in the external auditory canal or middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004740 sensorineural hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006329 sensorineural hearing impairment a form of progressive hearing loss due to a lesion of the auditory division of cranial nerve VIII or the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004741 mixed hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006327 mixed hearing impairment progressive reduction in the ability to hear resulting from a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004742 abnormal vestibular system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology any functional anomaly of the sensory system responsible for the sense of head position and movement of the body through space; such anomalies may result in impaired balance, dizziness, poor regulation of postural muscle tone and inability to detect quick movements of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004743 abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004742 abnormal vestibular system physiology anomaly in the biphasic response elicited by loud clicks or tone bursts recorded from the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid muscle; normally, acoustic stimulation of the saccule gives rise to a vestibulocollic reflex, the output of which can be measured in the neck as inhibition of activity in the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle; VEMP testing provides diagnostic information about saccular and/or inferior vestibular nerve function (assessment of balance disorders) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004744 reduced vestibular evoked myogenic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004743 abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potential reduction of the biphasic response that is elicited by loud clicks or tone bursts and recorded from the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004745 absent vestibular evoked myogenic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004743 abnormal vestibular evoked myogenic potential absence of the biphasic response that is elicited by loud clicks or tone bursts and recorded from the tonically contracted sternocleidomastoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004746 abnormal cochlear IHC afferent innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004393 abnormal cochlear inner hair cell morphology any changes in the placement, morphology or number of afferent terminals and/or their synapses in the cochlear IHC region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004747 abnormal cochlear OHC afferent innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004399 abnormal cochlear outer hair cell morphology any changes in the morphology, placement or number of afferent terminals and/or their synapses in the cochlear OHC region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004748 increased susceptibility to age-related hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006334 abnormal susceptibility to hearing loss greater than normal loss of hearing associated with advancing age, manifest as reduced ability to perceive or discriminate sounds; the pattern and age of onset vary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004749 nonsyndromic hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006328 nonsyndromic hearing impairment a form of progressive hearing loss that is not associated with visible abnormalities of the external ear or other signs and symptoms; the vast majority of hereditary hearing loss is nonsyndromic and can be associated with abnormalities of the middle ear and/or inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004750 syndromic hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006330 syndromic hearing impairment a form of progressive hearing loss that is usually associated with malformations of the external ear and other inherited signs and symptoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004751 increased length of allograft survival http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005671 abnormal response to transplant compared to controls, a greater length of time that transplanted tissue, in which the donor and recipient are genetically similar (same species) but not genetically identical, retains function and/or remains alive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004752 decreased length of allograft survival http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005671 abnormal response to transplant compared to controls, a reduced length of time that transplanted tissue, in which the donor and recipient are genetically similar (same species) but not genetically identical, retains function and/or remains alive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004753 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission defect in the size or duration of spontaneous currents detected in postsynaptic cells that occur in the absence of an excitatory impulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004754 abnormal kidney collecting duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the kidney ducts lined by simple cuboidal epithelium that collect urine from the distal convoluted tubules, merge and become larger as they descend from the renal cortex into the medulla, and respond to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance; each cortical collecting duct joints with other ducts to make a medullary connecting duct, which eventually drains into a papillary duct, emptying urine into the renal pelvis for drainage into the ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004755 abnormal loop of Henle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology any structural anomaly of the section of the renal tubule in the kidney medulla with a hairpin bend; consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb, and is situated between the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule; it functions to reabsorb water and ions from the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004756 abnormal proximal convoluted tubule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology any structural anomaly of the convoluted portion of the duct system of the nephron that extends from the renal glomerular capsule in the kidney cortex into the kidney medulla where it joins the loop of Henle; fluid entering the proximal convoluted tubule is reabsorbed into the peritubular capillaries, including approximately two-thirds of the filtered salt and water and all filtered organic solutes; the most distinctive characteristic of the proximal tubule is its brush border (or striated border), not found in the distal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004757 abnormal distal convoluted tubule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology any structural anomaly of the convoluted portion of the duct system of the nephron between the ascending portion of the loop of Henle and the collecting duct system in the kidney cortex; it is partly responsible for the regulation of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH through the endocrine system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004758 absent strial marginal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004366 abnormal strial marginal cell morphology absence or loss of the polarized columnar cells of epithelial origin which cover the lateral surface of the cochlear duct, secrete potassium ions and form a continuous sheet in contact with the endolymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004759 decreased mitotic index http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis decreased number of cells in G2/M phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004760 increased mitotic index http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis increased number of cells in G2/M phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004761 increased susceptibility to induced pancreatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001869 pancreas inflammation more likely than normal to develop an inflammatory response, or an increased inflammatory response in the pancreatic tissue after experimental manipulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004762 increased anti-double stranded DNA antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004794 increased anti-nuclear antigen antibody level increase in the level of antibodies that recognize double stranded DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004766 decreased susceptibility to age-related hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006334 abnormal susceptibility to hearing loss less than normal loss of hearing associated with advancing age, manifest as reduced ability to perceive or discriminate sounds; the pattern and age of onset vary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004767 increased cochlear nerve compound action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004415 abnormal cochlear nerve compound action potential greater combined potentials resulting from activation of the auditory division of the eighth cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004768 abnormal axonal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology any functional anomaly of the directed movement of organelles or vesicles along microtubules in nerve cell axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004769 abnormal synaptic vesicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology any structural anomaly of the small, membrane bound sacs that contain various neurotransmitter molecules that are concentrated at pre-synaptic membranes and release the neurotransmitters by fusion of these vesicles with the presynaptic membrane, followed by exocytosis of their contents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004770 abnormal synaptic vesicle recycling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology any functional anomaly in the process of the fusion of a subpopulation of synaptic vesicles with the cell membrane at the active zone, the subsequent endocytosis back from the plasma membrane, the refilling of these vesicles with neurotransmitters, and trafficking back to the active zone pool of vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004771 increased anti-single stranded DNA antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004794 increased anti-nuclear antigen antibody level increase in the level of antibodies that recognize single stranded DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004772 abnormal bile secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005085 abnormal gallbladder physiology any anomaly in the quantity or rate of bile secreted through the bile ducts in a given length of time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004773 abnormal bile composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005085 abnormal gallbladder physiology any alteration in the chemical make up of the greenish-yellow fluid secreted by the liver; normally contains bile acids and salts such as sodium glycocholate and sodium taurocholate as well as cholesterol, biliverdin and bilirubin, mucus, fat, lecithin, and cells and cellular debris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004774 abnormal bile salt level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005365 abnormal bile salt homeostasis anomalous concentration of the steroid salts derived from cholesterol in the liver, produced as bile acids and secreted in the biliary system as bile salts; these play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004775 abnormal vestibular dark cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000034 abnormal inner ear vestibule morphology any structural anomaly in the nonsensory epithelial cells located above the vestibular melanocytes and adjacent to the sensory structures in the utricle and in the ampullae at the ends of each of the semicircular canals; these cells provide and maintain the high potassium ionic environment within the vestibular labyrinth and are therefore homologous to the marginal cells of the stria vascularis; they are joined to each other by tight junctions and provide a barrier between endolymph and perilymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004776 vestibular dark cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004775 abnormal vestibular dark cell morphology degeneration or loss of the nonsensory epithelial cells that lie adjacent to the sensory structures in the utricle and in the ampullae at the ends of each of the semicircular canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004777 abnormal phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level anomalous concentration of the fat derivatives in which one fatty acid has been replaced by a phosphate group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004778 increased macrophage derived foam cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009841 foam cell reticulosis greater than normal number of a type of macrophage containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004780 abnormal surfactant secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004782 abnormal surfactant physiology anomaly in the production or release from pneumocytes of surfactant, a phospholipid present in the lungs that controls surface tension in the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004781 abnormal surfactant composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004782 abnormal surfactant physiology anomaly in the chemical constituents of surfactant, a phospholipid present in the lungs that controls surface tension in the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004782 abnormal surfactant physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology anomaly in the production, composition or function of surfactant, a phospholipid present in the lungs that controls surface tension in the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004783 abnormal cardinal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003411 abnormal vein development any structural anomaly of any of the four veins in the developing vertebrate embryo which run along each side of the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004784 abnormal anterior cardinal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004783 abnormal cardinal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the two paired veins draining the cephalic part of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004785 abnormal posterior cardinal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004783 abnormal cardinal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the two paired veins draining the caudal part of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004786 abnormal common cardinal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004783 abnormal cardinal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the anastomosis of the anterior and posterior cardinal veins that returns blood to the developing heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004788 abnormal auditory cortex tonotopy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004631 abnormal auditory cortex morphology any abnormality in the spatial arrangement of structures that subserve various frequencies in the region of the cerebral cortex that receives the auditory radiation from the medial geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004789 increased bile salt level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004774 abnormal bile salt level increased concentration of the steroid salts derived from cholesterol in the liver, produced as bile acids and secreted in the biliary system as bile salts; these play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004790 absent upper incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030609 decreased incisor number absence of the upper pair of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004791 absent lower incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030609 decreased incisor number missing the lower pair of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004792 abnormal synaptic vesicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004769 abnormal synaptic vesicle morphology anomaly in the number of the small, membrane bound sacs that contain various neurotransmitter molecules that are concentrated at pre-synaptic membranes and release the neurotransmitters by fusion of these vesicles with the presynaptic membrane, followed by exocytosis of their contents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004793 abnormal synaptic vesicle clustering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology any functional anomaly in the process of accumulation of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of presynaptic membranes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004794 increased anti-nuclear antigen antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003725 increased autoantibody level elevated level of antibodies to nuclear antigens present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004795 decreased anti-nuclear antigen antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003726 decreased autoantibody level reduced level of antibodies to nuclear antigens present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004796 increased anti-histone antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004794 increased anti-nuclear antigen antibody level elevated level of antibodies to histones present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004797 increased anti-erythrocyte antigen antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003725 increased autoantibody level elevated level of antibodies to erythrocyte antigen present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004798 decreased anti-double stranded DNA antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004795 decreased anti-nuclear antigen antibody level reduced level of antibodies to double stranded DNA present in the sera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004799 increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human multiple sclerosis upon induction with antigens to Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Proteolipid Protein (PLP), and/or Myelin Oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004800 decreased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human multiple sclerosis upon induction with antigens to Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Proteolipid Protein (PLP), and/or Myelin Oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004801 increased susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop inflammatory connective tissue symptoms characteristic of lupus including skin rash, arthritis and inflammation of different organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004802 decreased susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop inflammatory connective tissue symptoms characteristic of lupus including skin rash, arthritis and inflammation of different organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004803 increased susceptibility to autoimmune diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop inflammatory pancreatic disease resulting from the body attacking and destroying the insulin-producing beta islet cells of the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004804 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop inflammatory pancreatic disease resulting from the body attacking and destroying the insulin-producing beta islet cells of the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004805 absent oocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005431 decreased oocyte number absence of mature germ cells in the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004807 abnormal paired-pulse inhibition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission any anomaly in the suppressive response of central synapses when activated twice in rapid succession http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004808 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly or number of the multipotent, self-renewing stem cells found in the bone marrow, yolk sac and the fetal liver; HSCs give rise to all the types of both the myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004809 increased hematopoietic stem cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004808 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell morphology greater cell count of the multipotent, self-renewing stem cells found in the bone marrow, yolk sac and the fetal liver; HSCs give rise to all the types of both the myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004810 decreased hematopoietic stem cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004808 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell morphology reduced cell count of the multipotent, self-renewing stem cells found in the bone marrow, yolk sac and the fetal liver; HSCs give rise to all the types of both the myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004812 abnormal linear vestibular evoked potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004742 abnormal vestibular system physiology anomaly in the biphasic response elicited by linear acceleration transients (usually jerk pulses to an animal's head); normally, this response is measured by electrophysiological activity of the peripheral vestibular nerve; this assesses the function of the gravity receptor system including the utricles and saccules of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004813 absent linear vestibular evoked potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004812 abnormal linear vestibular evoked potential absence of the biphasic response elicited by linear acceleration transients (usually jerk pulses to an animal's head) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004814 reduced linear vestibular evoked potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004812 abnormal linear vestibular evoked potential reduction of the biphasic response elicited by linear acceleration transients (usually jerk pulses to an animal's head) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004815 abnormal somatic hypermutation frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002420 abnormal adaptive immunity any anomaly in the high frequency of programmed mutation that occurs in the gene segments encoding the variable regions of antibodies during the differentiation of individual B lymphocytes into antibody producing plasma cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004816 abnormal class switch recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology anomaly in the rearrangement of the heavy chain genes of differentiating B cells such that the initially encoded heavy chain IgM molecule is altered to one encoding IgG, IgA or IgE; normally, this allows the body to produce antibodies with different effector functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004817 abnormal skeletal muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology anomaly in the physical bulk, or total amount of matter contained within skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004819 decreased skeletal muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004817 abnormal skeletal muscle mass reduction in the physical bulk, or total amount of matter contained within skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004820 abnormal urine potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020887 abnormal potassium level any change in the amount of potassium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004821 increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human sight-threatening inflammatory eye diseases upon induction by peripheral immunization with one of several uveitogenic retinal proteins (or with peptides derived from them), or by the adoptive transfer of lymphocytes specific to these antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004822 decreased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human sight-threatening inflammatory eye diseases upon induction by peripheral immunization with one of several uveitogenic retinal proteins (or with peptides derived from them), or by the adoptive transfer of lymphocytes specific to these antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004823 increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human myasthenia gravis upon induction with antigens to acetylcholine receptor subunits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004824 decreased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human myasthenia gravis upon induction with antigens to acetylcholine receptor subunits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004825 increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune thyroiditis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human autoimmune thyroiditis upon induction with antigens to thyroglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004826 decreased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune thyroiditis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop disease symptoms similar to human autoimmune thyroiditis upon induction with antigens to thyroglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004827 increased susceptibility to autoimmune hemolytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop an abnormality of the immune system that destroys red blood cells (hemolysis) prematurely http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004828 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune hemolytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop an abnormality of the immune system that destroys red blood cells (hemolysis) prematurely http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004829 increased anti-chromatin antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004794 increased anti-nuclear antigen antibody level increase in the level of antibodies that recognize chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004830 short incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030079 small incisors reduced length of the set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004831 long incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030091 macrodontia increased length of the set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004833 ovary atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001127 small ovary acquired diminution of the size of the ovaries associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004834 ovary hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004245 genital hemorrhage presence of bleeding in the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004835 abnormal miniature endplate potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002913 abnormal PNS synaptic transmission defect in the size or duration of spontaneous currents detected in PNS postsynaptic cells that occur in the absence of an excitatory impulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004836 abnormal synaptic acetylcholine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion aberrant release into synapses of the excitatory neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004837 abnormal neural fold formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011256 abnormal neural fold morphology any anomaly in the process by which the edges of the neural plate thicken and move up to form a U-shaped structure called the neural groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004838 abnormal neural fold elevation formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004837 abnormal neural fold formation any anomaly in the process by which the lateral borders of the neural plate begin to migrate upwards to form the neural folds, caused by the proliferation of the underlying mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004839 bile duct hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the bile ducts, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004840 increased Deiters cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004302 abnormal Deiters cell morphology increased number of the supporting cells of the spiral organ which are attached to the basement membrane and receive the hair cells between their free extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004841 abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the parallel, tubular, epithelial pits (crypts) with openings at the bases of the small intestinal villi; their thin walls are formed by columnar epithelial cells: mostly undifferentiated stem and intermediate cells and an increasing number of mucus-secreting goblet cells as the small intestine proceeds distally, all of which migrate out of the glands onto the villi, but also protein- (enzyme-) secreting Paneth cells that remain in the glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004842 abnormal large intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000490 abnormal crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology any structural anomaly of the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004843 abnormal Paneth cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004841 abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology any structural anomaly of the large secretory cells containing coarse granules found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004844 abnormal vestibuloocular reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004742 abnormal vestibular system physiology any anomaly in the nystagmus or deviation of the eyes in response to stimulation of the vestibular system in which impulses are conveyed from the semicircular canals and the otolithic membrane to the oculomotor nerve; this stimulation may occur by angular acceleration or deceleration or by irrigation of the ear with hot or cold water; normally, this reflex functions to maintain a stable retinal image during head rotation by generating appropriate compensatory eye movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004845 absent vestibuloocular reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004844 abnormal vestibuloocular reflex absence of nystagmus or deviation of the eyes in response to stimulation of the vestibular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004846 absent skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology absence of any of the striated muscle fibers connected at either or both extremities with the bony framework of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004850 abnormal testis weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004849 abnormal testis size anomaly in the average weight of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004851 increased testis weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004850 abnormal testis weight greater average weight of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004852 decreased testis weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004850 abnormal testis weight reduced average weight of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004854 abnormal ovary weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004853 abnormal ovary size anomaly in the average weight of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004855 increased ovary weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004854 abnormal ovary weight greater average weight of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004856 decreased ovary weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004854 abnormal ovary weight reduction in the average weight of the female reproductive gland containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004860 dilated kidney collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004754 abnormal kidney collecting duct morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the kidney collecting ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004861 abnormal Raphe nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005277 abnormal brainstem morphology any structural anomaly of the subgroup of the reticular nuclei of the brain stem that are located in and along the median plane of the medulla oblongata, pons, and mesencephalon that include neurons that synthesize serotonin and extend ascending fibers to parts of the limbic system and descending fibers to other brain stem nuclei, the medulla oblongata, and the pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004862 small scala tympani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003167 abnormal scala tympani morphology volume reduction of the division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the basal side of the spiral lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004863 thin spiral ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004288 abnormal spiral ligament morphology reduced thickness of the periosteal lining of the bony cochlea that forms the outer wall of the cochlear duct to which the basal lamina attaches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004864 spiral ligament degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004288 abnormal spiral ligament morphology degeneration or loss of the thickened periosteal lining of the bony cochlea that forms the outer wall of the cochlear duct to which the basal lamina attaches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004865 abnormal platelet calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020879 abnormal calcium level anomaly in the amount in the platelet of calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004866 increased platelet calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004865 abnormal platelet calcium level increased concentration in the platelet of calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004867 decreased platelet calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004865 abnormal platelet calcium level decreased concentration in the platelet of calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004868 increased endometrial carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009222 increased uterus tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm arising from the endometrial tissue, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004869 frontal bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the frontal bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004871 premaxilla hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the premaxilla, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004872 absent nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002239 abnormal nasal septum morphology absence of the structure that separates the two nasal cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004873 absent turbinates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone absence of the small curved bones that extend horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004875 increased mean systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002842 increased systemic arterial blood pressure increase in the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004876 decreased mean systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002843 decreased systemic arterial blood pressure decrease in the average arterial pressure during a single cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004877 abnormal systemic vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005532 abnormal vascular resistance anomaly in the normal force opposing blood flow in the peripheral blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004878 increased systemic vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004877 abnormal systemic vascular resistance increase in the normal force opposing blood flow in the peripheral blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004879 decreased systemic vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004877 abnormal systemic vascular resistance reduction in the normal force opposing blood flow in the peripheral blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004880 lung cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous or fluid-filled sacs in the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004883 abnormal vascular wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005023 abnormal wound healing anomaly in the repair process of damaged blood vessels after injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004885 abnormal endolymph physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology any alteration in the normal production (volume) or ionic homeostasis of the fluid contained within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear; unlike perilymph, endolymph resembles intracellular fluid in composition and has a high concentration of potassium ion and a low concentration of sodium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004886 increased endolymph production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004885 abnormal endolymph physiology increased synthesis of the fluid that is normally contained within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004887 decreased endolymph production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004885 abnormal endolymph physiology reduced synthesis of the fluid that is normally contained within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004888 abnormal perilymph physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology change in the normal production (volume) or ionic homeostasis of the fluid contained within the osseous labyrinth, surrounding and protecting the membranous labyrinth; perilymph resembles extracellular fluid in composition, has a high concentration of sodium ion and a low concentration of potassium ion and, through the perilymphatic duct, is in continuity with cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004889 increased energy expenditure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005450 abnormal energy expenditure increase in the number of calories used per unit time or decrease in weight gain for a given amount of food eaten http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004890 decreased energy expenditure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005450 abnormal energy expenditure decrease in the number of calories used per unit time or increase in weight gain for a given amount of food eaten http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004891 abnormal adiponectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level abnormal level of a protein hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis and metabolism of lipids; it is normally produced by adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004892 increased adiponectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004891 abnormal adiponectin level greater level of a protein hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis and metabolism of lipids; it is normally produced by adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004893 decreased adiponectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004891 abnormal adiponectin level reduced concentration of a protein hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis and metabolism of lipids; it is normally produced by adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004894 uterus atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002637 small uterus acquired diminution of the size of the uterus associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004895 vagina atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008983 small vagina acquired diminution of the size of the vagina associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004896 abnormal endometrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004897 otosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004289 abnormal bony labyrinth formation of spongy bone in the bony labyrinth of the ear, especially adjacent to the footplate of the stapes; it may cause bony ankylosis of the stapes, resulting in conductive hearing loss; cochlear otosclerosis results in sensorineural hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004898 uterine hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009671 abnormal uterus physiology presence of bleeding in the uterus; often in response to failed pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004899 absent temporal bone squamous part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004423 abnormal temporal bone squamous part morphology absence of the anterosuperior portion of the temporal bone that is thin, scale-like, and translucent and forms part of the lateral wall of the cranial vault http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004900 absent zygomatic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004469 abnormal zygomatic arch morphology absence of the bony arch that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004903 abnormal uterus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004902 abnormal uterus size anomaly in the weight of the female organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004904 increased uterus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004903 abnormal uterus weight increase in the weight of the female organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004905 decreased uterus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004903 abnormal uterus weight reduction in the weight of the female organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004908 abnormal seminal vesicle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004907 abnormal seminal vesicle size anomaly in the weight of one or both of the two folded, sac shaped, glands that is a diverticulum of the ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004909 increased seminal vesicle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004908 abnormal seminal vesicle weight increase in the weight of one or both of the two folded, sac shaped, glands that is a diverticulum of the ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004910 decreased seminal vesicle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004908 abnormal seminal vesicle weight reduction in the weight of one or both of the two folded, sac shaped, glands that is a diverticulum of the ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004911 absent mandibular condyloid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004595 abnormal mandibular condyloid process morphology absence of the round bump of bone and constricted neck portion that arises from the upper surface of the mandibular ramus (perpendicular portion) and articulates with the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004912 absent mandibular coronoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004594 abnormal mandibular coronoid process morphology absence of the thin, flattened, triangular eminence that arises from the upper surface of the mandibular ramus (perpendicular portion) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004913 absent mandibular angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004596 abnormal mandibular angle morphology absence of the portion of the mandible where the body of the mandible (horizontal portion) and the rami (perpendicular portions) meet; these normally unite nearly at right angles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004914 absent ultimobranchial body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003955 abnormal ultimobranchial body morphology absence of the outpocketing of the caudal-most branchial pouch of the embryo (interpreted as a fifth pouch in human or as the ventral component of the fourth pouch in mouse) that fuses with the thyroid diverticulum, ultimately giving rise to calcitonin-producing parafollicular cells (aka C-cells) which function in calcium homeostasis; in most mammals, these parafollicular cells fully disperse with the endodermally derived follicular cells of the thyroid by birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004915 abnormal Reichert's cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of the cartilage found in the mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch in the embryo from which develop the stapes, styloid process, lesser horn and upper part of the body of the hyoid bone; its proximal end gives rise to the stylohyoid ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004916 absent Reichert cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004915 abnormal Reichert's cartilage morphology absence of the cartilage normally found in the mesenchyme of the second branchial arch in the embryo, from which develop the stapes, the styloid processes, the stylohyoid ligaments, and the lesser cornua of the hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004917 abnormal T cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002145 abnormal T cell differentiation any anomaly in the process through which T cells that express T cell receptors that are restricted by self MHC protein complexes and tolerant to self antigens are selected for further maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004918 abnormal negative T cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004917 abnormal T cell selection any anomaly in the process of elimination of immature T cells which react strongly with self-antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004919 abnormal positive T cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004917 abnormal T cell selection any anomaly in the process of sparing immature T cells which react with self-MHC protein complexes with low affinity levels from apoptotic death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004920 increased placenta weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004260 enlarged placenta increase in the weight of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004921 decreased placenta weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004259 small placenta reduction in the weight of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004922 abnormal common crus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002428 abnormal semicircular canal morphology any structural anomaly in the united, nonampullary ends of the superior and posterior semicircular ducts of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004923 absent common crus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004922 abnormal common crus morphology absence of the united, nonampullary ends of the superior and posterior semicircular ducts in the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004925 decreased susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006334 abnormal susceptibility to hearing loss less than normal reduction in hearing sensitivity following exposure to acute noise that is injurious to the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004926 abnormal epididymis size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology anomaly in the size of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004927 abnormal epididymis weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004926 abnormal epididymis size anomaly in the average weight of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004928 increased epididymis weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004931 enlarged epididymis increase in the average weight of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004929 decreased epididymis weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004930 small epididymis reduction in the average weight of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004930 small epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004926 abnormal epididymis size decrease in the average size of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004931 enlarged epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004926 abnormal epididymis size increase in the average size of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004932 epididymis hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004930 small epididymis decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the epididymis, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004933 abnormal epididymis epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004934 epididymis epithelium degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004935 epididymis degeneration pathological deterioration of the layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004935 epididymis degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology pathological deterioration of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004936 impaired branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010981 abnormal branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the ureteric bud to repeatedly divide into lobules during development of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004938 dilated vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004940 abnormal B-1 B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of the subset of B cells found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and are enriched for self-reactivity; B-1 B cells are thought to be the primary source of natural IgM immunoglobulin, that is, IgM produced in large quantities without prior antigenic stimulation and generally reactive against various microorganisms, as well as the source of T-independent IgA immunoglobulin in the mucosal areas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004941 abnormal regulatory T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress activation of the immune system and thus maintain immune system homeostasis and prevent pathological self-reactivity; these may include T cells that express the CD8 transmembrane glycoprotein (CD8-positive T cells), those that express CD4 and CD25 (CD4-positive, CD25-positive regulatory T cells or Tregs) and other T cell types that have suppressor function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004942 abnormal B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002144 abnormal B cell differentiation anomaly in the process dependent upon B cell antigen receptor signaling in response to self or foreign antigen through which B cells are selected for survival http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004943 abnormal B cell positive selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004942 abnormal B cell selection any anomaly in the process dependent upon B cell antigen receptor signaling in response to self or foreign antigen through which B cells are selected for survival http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004944 abnormal B cell negative selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004942 abnormal B cell selection any anomaly in the process through which B cells which react strongly with self-antigens are eliminated, usually through anergy or deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004946 abnormal regulatory T cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology any functional anomaly of the specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress activation of the immune system and thus maintain immune system homeostasis and prevent pathological self-reactivity; these may include T cells that express the CD8 transmembrane glycoprotein (CD8-positive T cells), those that express CD4 and CD25 (CD4-positive, CD25-positive regulatory T cells or Tregs) and other T cell types that have suppressor function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004948 abnormal neuronal precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009967 abnormal neuron proliferation any anomaly in the ability of a neuroblast population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004949 absent neuronal precursor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004981 decreased neuronal precursor cell number absence of the neuroblast embryonic cells that develop into nerve cells or neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014012 abnormal cranial blood vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessel network of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004951 abnormal spleen weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002224 abnormal spleen size anomaly in the average weight of the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004952 increased spleen weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004951 abnormal spleen weight greater than average weight of the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004953 decreased spleen weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004951 abnormal spleen weight reduction in the average weight of the organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004954 abnormal thymus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002364 abnormal thymus size anomaly in the average weight of the primary lymphoid organ that is required for maturation of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004955 increased thymus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004954 abnormal thymus weight greater than average weight of the primary lymphoid organ that is required for maturation of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004956 decreased thymus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004954 abnormal thymus weight reduction in the average weight of the primary lymphoid organ that is required for maturation of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004960 abnormal prostate gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004959 abnormal prostate gland size anomaly in the average weight of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004961 increased prostate gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004960 abnormal prostate gland weight greater than average weight of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004962 decreased prostate gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004960 abnormal prostate gland weight reduction in the average weight of the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004964 absent inner cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002718 abnormal inner cell mass morphology absence of the cells of the blastocyst that develop into the body of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004965 inner cell mass degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002718 abnormal inner cell mass morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the cells of the blastocyst that develop into the body of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004966 abnormal inner cell mass proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology any anomaly in the ability of the inner cell mass population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004967 abnormal kidney epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004968 kidney epithelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004967 abnormal kidney epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the kidney epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004969 pale kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology kidney lacks normal reddish coloration; often occurs with a bloodless or reduced vasculature condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004970 kidney atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002989 small kidney acquired diminution of the size of the kidney associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004971 dermal hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the dermal layer of the skin, typically resulting in increased thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004972 abnormal regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004941 abnormal regulatory T cell morphology deviation from the average count of the specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress activation of the immune system and thus maintain immune system homeostasis and prevent pathological self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004973 increased regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004972 abnormal regulatory T cell number greater number of the specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress activation of the immune system and thus maintain immune system homeostasis and prevent pathological self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004974 decreased regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004972 abnormal regulatory T cell number reduced number of the specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress activation of the immune system and thus maintain immune system homeostasis and prevent pathological self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004975 absent regulatory T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004974 decreased regulatory T cell number absence of the specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress activation of the immune system and thus maintain immune system homeostasis and prevent pathological self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004976 abnormal B-1 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004940 abnormal B-1 B cell morphology deviation from the normal count of the subset of B cells found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004977 increased B-1 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008210 increased mature B cell number greater number of the subset of B cells found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004978 decreased B-1 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number reduced number of the subset of B cells found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004979 abnormal neuronal precursor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008946 abnormal neuron number deviation from the normal count of the neuroblast embryonic cells that develop into nerve cells or neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004980 increased neuronal precursor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004979 abnormal neuronal precursor cell number increased number of the neuroblast embryonic cells that develop into nerve cells or neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004981 decreased neuronal precursor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004979 abnormal neuronal precursor cell number reduced number of the neuroblast embryonic cells that develop into nerve cells or neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004982 abnormal osteoclast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of the specialized phagocytic cells associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004983 abnormal osteoclast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004982 abnormal osteoclast morphology deviation from the average number of the specialized phagocytic cells associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004984 increased osteoclast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005425 increased macrophage cell number greater than average number of the specialized phagocytic cells associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004985 decreased osteoclast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004983 abnormal osteoclast cell number reduced number of the specialized phagocytic cells associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004986 abnormal osteoblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of a skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004987 abnormal osteoblast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004986 abnormal osteoblast morphology deviation from the average number of the skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004988 increased osteoblast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004987 abnormal osteoblast cell number greater than average number of skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004989 decreased osteoblast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004987 abnormal osteoblast cell number reduction in the number of skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004990 abnormal ciliary ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001081 abnormal cranial ganglia morphology any structural anomaly of the parasympathetic ganglia in the orbit behind the eye that receives preganglionic innervation through the oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004991 decreased bone strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001542 abnormal bone strength reduced ability of bone to endure the application of force without yielding or breaking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004992 increased bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004945 abnormal bone resorption greater than average amount of degradation of the organic and inorganic phases of bone by absorption, usually by the abnormal function or number of osteoclasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004993 decreased bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004945 abnormal bone resorption reduced amount of degradation of the organic and inorganic phases of bone by absorption, usually by the abnormal function or number of osteoclasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004994 abnormal brain wave pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology any anomaly in the standard pattern of rhythmic and rapid fluctuation of electrical potential between parts of the brain, often visualized on an electroencephalogram (EEG); the pattern is often measured to diagnose neurological conditions such as seizure disorders (epilepsy) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004995 abnormal B cell clonal deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005001 abnormal clonal deletion a defect in the process of removal by apoptosis of immature B lymphocytes that interact with self antigens during maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004997 increased CNS synapse formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004996 abnormal CNS synapse formation greater frequency of the process of generating the initial connections between an axon and effector tissue or neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004998 decreased CNS synapse formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004996 abnormal CNS synapse formation a reduction in the frequency of the process of generating the initial connections between an axon and effector tissue or neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004999 abnormal blood-inner ear barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology anomaly in the function of the group of barriers and transport systems which regulate the transport of various substances from blood to inner ear tissue and maintain the microhomeostasis and functional integrity of the inner ear; the endothelial cells of the inner ear blood capillaries, linked to each other by tight junctions, represent the main component of the blood-inner ear barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005000 abnormal immune tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology anomaly in the process that directly activates any of the steps required for tolerance, a physiologic state in which the immune system does not react destructively against the components of an organism that harbors it or against antigens that are introduced to it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005001 abnormal clonal deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005000 abnormal immune tolerance a defect in the process of removal of immature lymphocytes that interact with self antigens during maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005002 abnormal T cell clonal deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005001 abnormal clonal deletion a defect in the process of removal of immature T lymphocytes that interact with self antigens during maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005004 abnormal lymphocyte anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005000 abnormal immune tolerance anomaly in the process of establishing a state of functional inactivation of self-reactive lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005006 abnormal osteoblast physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any functional anomaly of a skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005011 increased eosinophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002602 abnormal eosinophil cell number greater than normal eosinophil numbers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005012 decreased eosinophil cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002602 abnormal eosinophil cell number fewer than normal eosinophil numbers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005013 increased lymphocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000717 abnormal lymphocyte cell number greater than normal number of the cells involved in adaptive immune reactions of the body in most inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including B cells, T cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005017 decreased B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005016 decreased lymphocyte cell number fewer than normal number of cells that are formed in the bone marrow, migrate to the peripheral lymphatic system, and mature into plasma cells or memory cells; these cells are involved in humoral immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005022 abnormal immature B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002144 abnormal B cell differentiation any structural anomaly of the cells of the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the heavy chain and V-J rearrangement of the light chain; these cells express IgM on the cell surface but have not yet been selected for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005026 decreased susceptibility to parasitic infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020184 abnormal susceptibility to parasitic infection reduced likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a parasitic infection or from components of or toxins produced by parasites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005027 increased susceptibility to parasitic infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020184 abnormal susceptibility to parasitic infection greater likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a parasitic infection or from components of or toxins produced by parasites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005028 abnormal trophectoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011203 abnormal parietal yolk sac morphology any structural anomaly outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005030 absent amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005029 abnormal amnion morphology absence of the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005035 perianal ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005034 abnormal anus morphology lesion around or near the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005037 mucous diarrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005036 diarrhea presence of considerable mucous in the stools http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005039 hypoxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001574 abnormal oxygen level reduced oxygenation of body tissues resulting in the decreased pressure of this component of body gases; commonly due to hypoxemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005040 abnormal MHC II cell surface expression on macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005042 abnormal level of surface class II molecules anomaly in the ability of macrophages to express major histocompatibility complex class II at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005041 abnormal antigen presentation via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001835 abnormal antigen presentation anomaly in the process by which peptide, bound to major histocompatibility complex class II, is presented to lymphocytes at the surface of antigen presenting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005042 abnormal level of surface class II molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005041 abnormal antigen presentation via MHC class II deviation from the normal concentration of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules expressed at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005043 defective assembly of class II molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005041 abnormal antigen presentation via MHC class II impaired production of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005044 sepsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005025 abnormal response to infection presence of various pathogenic organisms, or their toxins, in the blood or tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005046 absent spleen white pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology absence of the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005047 enlarged celiac lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009626 abnormal celiac lymph node morphology increased size of the celiac lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005058 abnormal lysosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020851 abnormal vacuole morphology any structural anomaly of any of the cytoplasmic, membrane bound vesicles that contain a variety of hydrolases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005059 lysosomal protein accumulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003172 abnormal lysosome physiology buildup of protein in the lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005060 accumulation of giant lysosomes in kidney/renal tubule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005058 abnormal lysosome morphology buildup of contents in lysosomes in cells of the kidney tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005068 abnormal NK cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002619 abnormal lymphocyte morphology any structural anomaly of a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors, and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005070 impaired natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011719 abnormal natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity impaired ability of directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005071 enlarged hair follicle melanin granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005072 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule morphology increased size of the pigment particles located in the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005074 impaired granulocyte bactericidal activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002462 abnormal granulocyte physiology inability or reduced ability of neutrophils, eosinophils, or basophils to kill bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002877 abnormal melanocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the tissue-specific cytoplasmic organelles within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005077 abnormal melanogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype anomaly in the biosynthetic pathway of melanin formation in cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005078 abnormal cytotoxic T cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004392 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell physiology any functional anomaly of the subset of CD8-positive T lymphocytes capable of directly killing appropriately targeted cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005079 decreased cytotoxic T cell cytolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013280 abnormal cytotoxic T cell cytolysis impaired ability of cytotoxic T cells to induce pathological breakdown of target cells by the destruction of their outer membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005081 abnormal dermis reticular layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the thicker, deeper layer of the dermis, comprised of criss-crossing collagen fibers that form a strong elastic network and also containing blood and lymph vessels, nerves and nerve endings, and hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005087 decreased acute inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation less than the expected early reaction of the microcirculation, characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into extravascular tissues; initiated by injury, infection, or local immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005088 increased acute inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002498 abnormal acute inflammation greater than the expected early reaction of the microcirculation, characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into extravascular tissues; initiated by injury, infection, or local immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005089 decreased double-negative T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005018 decreased T cell number reduced numbers of the subset of T cells found in the thymus that express neither CD4 nor CD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005090 increased double-negative T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005015 increased T cell number greater than expected numbers of the subset of T cells found in the thymus that express neither CD4 nor CD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005091 increased double-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005015 increased T cell number greater than the expected number of the subset of T cells found in the thymus that express both CD4 and CD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005092 decreased double-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005018 decreased T cell number less than the expected number of the subset of T cells found in the thymus that express both CD4 and CD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005093 decreased B cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005153 abnormal B cell proliferation absent or reduced expansion rate of the B cell population by cell division in response to stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005094 abnormal T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001828 abnormal T cell activation anomaly in the ability of a naive T cell population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division in response to stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005095 decreased T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005094 abnormal T cell proliferation reduction in the ability of a naive T cell population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division in response to stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005096 erythroblastosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011178 increased erythroblast number presence of erythroblasts in great number in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005097 polychromatophilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology condition characterized by the presence of red blood cells that have an affinity for acid, basic, and neutral stains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005098 abnormal optic choroid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005197 abnormal uvea morphology any structural anomaly of the thin, highly vascularized membrane covering most of the posterior of the eye between the retina and the sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005099 abnormal ciliary body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005194 abnormal anterior uvea morphology any structural anomaly of the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, and is made up of the ciliary muscle and the ciliary processes; the processes radiate from the ciliary muscle and give attachments to ligaments supporting the lens of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005100 abnormal choroid pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005098 abnormal optic choroid morphology anomalous coloring of the thin, highly vascularized membrane covering most of the posterior of the eye between the retina and the sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005101 abnormal ciliary body pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005099 abnormal ciliary body morphology anomalous coloring of the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005102 abnormal iris pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001324 abnormal eye pigmentation anomalous coloring of the adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005103 abnormal retina pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005201 abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology anomalous coloring of the thin layer of neural tissue lining the back of the eyeball which contains visual receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005104 abnormal tarsal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002115 abnormal limb bone morphology any structural anomaly of any of the eight bones of the instep of the paw/foot: tibiale, talus, calcaneus, navicular, 3 cuneiform, and cuboid bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005109 abnormal talus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005104 abnormal tarsal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005110 absent talus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005109 abnormal talus morphology absence of the bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005111 hyperdipsia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001422 abnormal drinking behavior intense thirst that is relatively temporary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005112 abnormal spinal cord ventral horn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008503 abnormal spinal cord grey matter morphology any structural anomaly of the ventral grey column of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005113 decreased spinal cord ventral horn cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005112 abnormal spinal cord ventral horn morphology fewer than the expected number of cells in the ventral grey column of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005114 premature hair loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth release of fur at an earlier than expected time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005116 abnormal circulating pituitary hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberration in the blood concentration of any of the hormones secreted by the pituitary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005119 decreased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005134 decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone level reduced amount in the blood of the hormone that stimulates the growth and function of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005120 decreased circulating growth hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005136 decreased growth hormone level less than the expected blood concentration of the hormone that promotes body growth, fat mobilization, and inhibition of glucose utilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005121 decreased circulating prolactin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005138 decreased prolactin level less than expected blood concentration of the hormone that stimulates milk secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005122 increased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005135 increased thyroid-stimulating hormone level greater amount in the blood of the hormone that stimulates the growth and function of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005123 increased circulating growth hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005137 increased growth hormone level greater than the expected blood concentration of the hormone that promotes body growth, fat mobilization, and inhibition of glucose utilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005124 increased circulating prolactin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005139 increased prolactin level greater than expected blood concentration of the hormone that stimulates milk secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005134 decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003972 decreased pituitary hormone level reduced amount of the hormone that stimulates the growth and function of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005135 increased thyroid-stimulating hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003973 increased pituitary hormone level greater amount of the hormone that stimulates the growth and function of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005136 decreased growth hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003972 decreased pituitary hormone level less than the expected concentration of the hormone that promotes body growth, fat mobilization, and inhibition of glucose utilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005137 increased growth hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003973 increased pituitary hormone level greater than the expected concentration of the hormone that promotes body growth, fat mobilization, and inhibition of glucose utilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005138 decreased prolactin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003972 decreased pituitary hormone level less than expected concentration of the hormone that stimulates milk secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005139 increased prolactin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003973 increased pituitary hormone level greater than expected concentration of the hormone that stimulates milk secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005140 decreased cardiac muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002972 abnormal cardiac muscle contractility inability or reduced ability of the heart muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension, often measured by dP/dT max, fractional shortening (FS), velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (Vcfc), peak of aortic outflow velocity (PAV), and ventricular ejection fraction volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005141 liver hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000599 enlarged liver increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the liver, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005144 abnormal circulating VLDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020151 abnormal circulating non-HDL cholesterol level any anomaly in the amount in the blood of the lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports triglycerides from the intestine and liver to muscle and adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005145 increased circulating VLDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005144 abnormal circulating VLDL cholesterol level greater amount in the blood of the lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports triglycerides from the intestine and liver to muscle and adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005146 decreased circulating VLDL cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005144 abnormal circulating VLDL cholesterol level reduced amount in the blood of the lipoprotein:cholesterol complex that transports triglycerides from the intestine and liver to muscle and adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005148 seminal vesicle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001157 small seminal vesicle decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the seminal vesicle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005149 abnormal gubernaculum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the genitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005150 cachexia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001263 weight loss general weight loss and wasting occurring in the course of chronic disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005151 diffuse hepatic necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001654 hepatic necrosis morphological changes resulting from disseminated pathological death of some or all liver tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005152 pancytopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011182 decreased hematopoietic cell number reduction in the number of erythrocytes, all types of white blood cells, and platelets in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005153 abnormal B cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008217 abnormal B cell activation anomaly in the ability of the B cell population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division in response to stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005154 increased B cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005153 abnormal B cell proliferation greater than normal expansion rate of the B cell population by cell division in response to stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005155 herniated intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology protrusion of any portion of the intestine from its normal anatomical position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005156 bradykinesia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031392 hypoactivity decreased spontaneity and movement, without external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005157 holoprosencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development presence of a single forebrain hemisphere or lobe; often accompanied by a deficit in median facial development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005158 ovary hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001127 small ovary decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ovary, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005159 azoospermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004901 decreased male germ cell number a condition where there is no measurable level of spermatozoa in the semen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005161 hematuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis presence of blood in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005162 carpoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000753 paralysis paralysis of the extensors of the wrist and fingers; most often caused by a lesion of the radial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005163 cyclopia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001299 abnormal eye distance/ position a congenital defect characterized by the failure of the embryonic prosencephalon to properly divide the orbits of the eye into two cavities; cyclopia is a rare form of holoprosencephaly that typically presents with a median single eye or a partially divided eye in a single orbit, absent nose, and a proboscis above the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005167 abnormal blood-brain barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology anomaly in the function of the group of barriers and transport systems in the brain capillary endothelium that controls the entrance of substances into the brain extracellular space from the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005168 abnormal female meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001931 abnormal oogenesis anomaly in the process of nuclear division that results in ova with one half the normal chromosome number of the original cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005169 abnormal male meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis anomaly in the process of nuclear division that results in sperm with one half the normal chromosome number of the original cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005170 cleft upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021164 oral cleft defect in the upper lip where the maxillary prominence fails to merge with the merged medial nasal prominences http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005171 absent coat pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation fur or hair is devoid of coloration and appears white http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005172 decreased eye pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005408 hypopigmentation the eye has less pigmentation than normal with a possible range of color from dark red, somewhat reduced in pigment, to pink, typical of albinism or ocular albinism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005174 abnormal tail pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology anomaly in the coloration of the tail due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005175 non-pigmented tail tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013177 abnormal tail tip morphology lack of color at the end of the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005176 eyelids fail to open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004874 abnormal timing of postnatal eyelid opening eyes remain shut when eyelids are expected to be open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005181 decreased circulating estradiol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005183 abnormal circulating estradiol level less than the normal blood concentration of this most potent naturally occurring estrogen in mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005182 increased circulating estradiol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005183 abnormal circulating estradiol level greater than the normal blood concentration of this most potent naturally occurring estrogen in mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005183 abnormal circulating estradiol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003369 abnormal circulating estrogen level aberration in the blood concentration of this most potent estrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005184 abnormal circulating progesterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011384 abnormal progesterone level anomaly in the blood concentration of the antiestrogenic steroid released by the corpus luteum that stimulates the uterus to prepare for pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005185 decreased circulating progesterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005184 abnormal circulating progesterone level reduced blood concentration of the antiestrogenic steroid released by the corpus luteum that stimulates the uterus to prepare for pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005186 increased circulating progesterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005184 abnormal circulating progesterone level increased blood concentration of the antiestrogenic steroid released by the corpus luteum that stimulates the uterus to prepare for pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005188 small penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology reduced size of the organ of copulation and urination in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005190 osteomyelitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response bone inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005191 head tilt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000436 abnormal head movements condition in which the portion of the body containing the brain and organs of sight, hearing, taste, and smell lists to the side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005192 increased motor neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008947 increased neuron number greater than the normal number of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005197 abnormal uvea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of the pigmented vascular coat of the eyeball, consisting of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005199 abnormal iris pigment epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001324 abnormal eye pigmentation anomaly in the epithelial layer of the iris composed of cells containing pigment granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005201 abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003727 abnormal retina layer morphology any structural anomaly in the epithelial layer of the retina composed of cells containing pigment granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005202 lethargy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031392 hypoactivity mild impairment of consciousness resulting in reduced alertness and awareness and/or sluggish behavior or inactivity; can be due to generalized brain dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005205 abnormal eye anterior chamber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005206 abnormal aqueous humor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005205 abnormal eye anterior chamber morphology anomaly in the clear, watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005207 abnormal aqueous vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004221 abnormal iridocorneal angle any structural anomaly of this vessel that receives aqueous humor from the sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005208 abnormal iris stroma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology any structural anomaly of the lamellated vascular connective tissue of the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005210 disorganized stomach mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010792 abnormal stomach mucosa morphology derangement of the pattern of the mucous layer of the stomach wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005211 increased stomach mucosa thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010799 stomach mucosa hyperplasia greater than the normal depth or width of the of the mucous layer of the stomach wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005213 gastric metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology condition in which there is a change of one adult cell type to another adult cell type in the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005214 regional gastric metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005213 gastric metaplasia localized areas of the stomach in which there is a change from one adult cell type to another adult cell type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009165 abnormal endocrine pancreas morphology any structural anomaly of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005216 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology any structural anomaly of the cells of the pancreas that secrete glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005218 abnormal pancreatic delta cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology any structural anomaly of the cells found in the pancreas that secrete somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005222 abnormal somite size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development atypical size of any of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005223 abnormal dorsal-ventral polarity of the somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development anomalous development or formation of the pattern of somites along the axis that runs from the front (ventral) to the back (dorsal) surface of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005224 abnormal left-right axis symmetry of the somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001706 abnormal left-right axis patterning anomaly in the formation or development of the somites in relation to the left and right sides of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005225 abnormal vertebrae development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development anomalous formation of the vertebrae from the sclerotome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005226 abnormal vertebral arch development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005225 abnormal vertebrae development anomalous formation of the posterior projection from the body of a vertebra that encloses the vertebral foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005227 abnormal vertebral body development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005225 abnormal vertebrae development anomalous formation of the main portion of the vertebra anterior to the vertebral canal, and distinct from the vertebral arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005229 abnormal intervertebral disk development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005225 abnormal vertebrae development any anomaly in the formation of the cartilaginous and gelatinous structure found between vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005230 ectrodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology absence of the middle rays, i.e., the central digits; usually associated with cleft hands/feet and may also include syndactyly or aplasia of remaining digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005231 abnormal brachial lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes located along the brachial vein that receive drainage from most of the free upper limb and send efferent vessels to the central axillary lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005232 abnormal mesenteric lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009625 abnormal abdominal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005236 abnormal olfactory nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001056 abnormal cranial nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the first cranial nerve, which conveys the sense of smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005237 abnormal olfactory tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005267 abnormal olfactory cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the nerve-like, white band composed primarily of nerve fibers originating from the mitral cells and tufted cells of the olfactory bulb, but also containing the scattered cells of the anterior olfactory nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005239 abnormal Bruch membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005098 abnormal optic choroid morphology any structural anomaly of the transparent, nearly structureless inner layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005240 abnormal amacrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any structural anomaly of one of the three types of interneurons found in the inner nuclear layer of the mature retina; they integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005241 abnormal retina ganglion layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the innermost nuclear layer of the retina, which contains neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005242 cryptophthalmos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001341 absent eyelids congenital anomaly in which the skin is continuous over the eyeball without any indication of the formation of eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005243 hemothorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002295 abnormal pulmonary circulation bleeding into the pleural space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005244 hemopericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009698 heart hemorrhage bleeding into the pericardial space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005245 hemarthrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031169 abnormal joint physiology bleeding into a joint space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005247 abnormal extraocular muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003686 abnormal eye muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the striated muscles that are located within the orbit but are extrinsic and separate from the eyeball itself and control the movements of the eyeball and the superior eyelid; there are seven extraocular muscles: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005249 abnormal palatine bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of either of two irregularly L-shaped bones located posterior to the maxilla that in part forms the back of the hard palate, part of the nasal cavity and part of the floor of the orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005250 decreased Sertoli cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002784 abnormal Sertoli cell morphology decreased number of the supporting cells of the seminiferous tubules that create the blood-testes barrier and enable spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005251 blepharitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation inflammation of the eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005254 strabismus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology misalignment of the visual axes of the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005255 exotropia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005254 strabismus a form of ocular misalignment in which the lateral rectus muscle pulls the eye in an outward direction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005256 esotropia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005254 strabismus a form of ocular misalignment in which there is excessive convergence of the visual axes, giving a cross-eyed appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005257 abnormal intraocular pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology anomaly in the amount of force per unit area exerted by the intraocular fluid within the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005258 ocular hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005257 abnormal intraocular pressure abnormal elevation of the intraocular pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005260 ocular hypotension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005257 abnormal intraocular pressure abnormally low intraocular pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005261 aniridia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology abnormality in which there is only a rudimentary iris, due to the failure of optic cup growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005262 coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development anomaly in which some of the structures of the eye are absent due to incomplete fusion of the fetal intraocular fissure during gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005264 glomerulosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000523 cortical renal glomerulopathies hyaline deposits or scarring within the renal glomeruli, often occurring with renal arteriosclerosis or diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005265 abnormal blood urea nitrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis aberrant circulating concentration of nitrogen, in the form of urea; commonly used to measure renal function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005267 abnormal olfactory cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009944 abnormal olfactory lobe morphology any structural anomaly of cortex area which receives its major afferents from the olfactory bulb, and is primarily responsible for the identification of odors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005270 abnormal zygomatic bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005271 abnormal lacrimal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the irregularly thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005272 abnormal temporal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology any structural anomaly of the large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull; consists of three parts at birth: squamous, tympanic, and petrous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005279 narcolepsy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001501 abnormal sleep pattern recurring episodes of sleep during normal waking hours and often disrupted sleep during normal sleeping period; often accompanied by cataplexy, sleep paralysis and hallucinations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005280 abnormal fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level any anomaly in the concentration of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax; natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons (usually unbranched and even-numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005283 increased unsaturated fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005281 increased fatty acids level elevated concentration of unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax; unsaturated fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons which possess one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005284 increased saturated fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005281 increased fatty acids level elevated concentration of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax; saturated fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons which contains no ethylenic or other unsaturated linkages between carbon atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005285 decreased unsaturated fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005282 decreased fatty acids level reduced concentration of unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax; unsaturated fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons which possess one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005286 decreased saturated fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005282 decreased fatty acids level reduced concentration of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax; saturated fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons which contains no ethylenic or other unsaturated linkages between carbon atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005287 narrow eye opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003671 abnormal eyelid aperture less than the normal distance from one eyelid to the other without fusion of the eyelid margins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005288 abnormal oxygen consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003948 abnormal gas homeostasis deviation from the normal rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas; this is equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005289 increased oxygen consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005288 abnormal oxygen consumption greater than the normal rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas; this is equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005290 decreased oxygen consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005288 abnormal oxygen consumption less than the normal rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas; this is equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005291 abnormal glucose tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis deviation from the normal response to oral consumption or intravenous injection of specified amounts of glucose; measured by determining whole blood or plasma sugar level in a fasting state before and after taking glucose at specified intervals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005292 improved glucose tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005291 abnormal glucose tolerance better than the normal response to oral consumption or intravenous injection of specified amounts of glucose and indicative of insulin sensitivity; measured by determining whole blood or plasma sugar level in a fasting state before and after taking glucose at specified intervals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005293 impaired glucose tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005291 abnormal glucose tolerance less than the normal response to oral consumption or intravenous injection of specified amounts of glucose and indicative of insulin resistance; measured by determining whole blood or plasma sugar level in a fasting state before and after taking glucose at specified intervals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bone of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005297 spina bifida occulta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005226 abnormal vertebral arch development defective closure of the laminae of the vertebral column in the lumbosacral region without hernial protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges; the mildest, most common and often asymptomatic form of spina bifida, identified externally by a skin depression or dimple, dark tufts of hair, telangiectasis, or soft subcutaneous lipomas at the site of defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005299 abnormal eye posterior chamber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the ring-like space, filled with aqueous humor, between the iris/pupil anteriorly and the lens and ciliary body posteriorly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005302 neurogenic bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010386 abnormal urinary bladder physiology defective functioning of the bladder due to impaired innervation, either within the CNS or the PNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005304 bulbourethral gland cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more membrane-lined sacs containing gas, fluid, or semisolid matter in the bulbourethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005305 prostate gland anterior lobe hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009738 enlarged prostate gland anterior lobe increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland anterior lobe, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005307 head tossing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001408 stereotypic behavior repetitive flailing of the head in multiple directions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005308 abnormal circulating ammonia level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030604 abnormal ammonia homeostasis aberrant amount of ammonia or its compounds in blood, formed in the body during organic decomposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005309 increased circulating ammonia level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005308 abnormal circulating ammonia level significantly elevated levels of ammonia or its compounds in blood; often associated with liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005312 pericardial effusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021205 effusion escape of fluid from blood vessels or lymphatic vessels into the fibrous sac surrounding the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005313 absent adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology absence of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005314 absent thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004663 athyroidism lack of the endocrine gland that is normally located in the front and to the sides of the upper part of the trachea and which secretes thyroid hormone and calcitonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005315 absent pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000633 abnormal pituitary gland morphology lack of the gland that is normally suspended from the base of the hypothalamus and which secretes somatotropins, prolactin, TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), gonadotropins, adrenal corticotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005320 abnormal biopterin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level anomaly in the concentration of this pterin found in yeast, the fruit fly and in normal human urine, the reduced form of which acts as a coenzyme for many enzymatic reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005321 abnormal neopterin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005320 abnormal biopterin level anomaly in the concentration of a pteridine derivative, which is present in body fluids and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of biopterin; elevated levels result from immune activation, malignant disease, allograft rejection, and viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005322 abnormal serotonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomaly in the amount of biochemical messenger and regulator, found in the CNS, gastrointestinal tract, and produced by platelets that mediates neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005323 dystonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004142 abnormal muscle tone impairment of muscle tone resulting in prolonged muscle contraction and involuntary movements such as repetitive movements, or twisting or writhing of the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005324 ascites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021205 effusion accumulation or retention of fluid within the peritoneal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011497 abnormal glomerular capsule visceral layer morphology any structural anomaly of a modified epithelial cell of the visceral layer of the Bowman capsule in the renal corpuscle; it has a small perikaryon and a number of primary and secondary foot processes that interdigitate with those of other podocytes and are attached to the outer surface of the glomerular capillary basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005327 abnormal mesangial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011339 abnormal glomerular mesangium morphology any structural anomaly of the modified smooth muscle cells that are interposed between endothelial cells and the basement membrane in the central or stalk region of the capillary tuft of the renal glomerulus, which regulate blood flow by their contractile activity, and secrete extracellular matrix, prostaglandins, and cytokines; mesangial cells also have phagocytic activity, removing proteins and other molecules trapped in the glomerular basement membrane or filtration barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005328 abnormal circulating creatinine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level anomaly in the blood concentration of this product of creatine catabolism; abnormal levels indicative of renal dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005331 insulin resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis diminished effectiveness of insulin in lowering plasma glucose levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the amount of a carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005333 decreased heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001629 abnormal heart rate fewer than average resting heart beats per minute, usually measured by the number of times the heart ventricles contract per unit of time, usually per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005335 abnormal gonadal fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the ovaries or testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005336 abnormal inguinal fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005337 abnormal retroperitoneal fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005338 atherosclerotic lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003991 arteriosclerosis thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls, involving plaque-like lipid deposition and thickening of intimal layers within arteries; progresses to narrowing of arterial lumens with fibrosis and calcification resulting in restriction of blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005339 increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005340 abnormal susceptibility to atherosclerosis more likely than normal to develop thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls, involving lipid deposition and thickening of intimal layers within arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005340 abnormal susceptibility to atherosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls, involving lipid deposition and thickening of intimal layers within arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005341 decreased susceptibility to atherosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005340 abnormal susceptibility to atherosclerosis less likely than normal to develop thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls, involving lipid deposition and thickening of intimal layers within arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005343 increased circulating aspartate transaminase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000203 abnormal circulating aspartate transaminase level greater than normal concentration in the blood of this enzyme, which catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid; aids in diagnosis of viral hepatitis and myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005344 increased circulating bilirubin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001569 abnormal circulating bilirubin level increased concentration in the blood of the bile pigment bilirubin, normally found in the liver and in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005348 increased T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005094 abnormal T cell proliferation increase in the ability of a naive T cell population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division in response to stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005352 small cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size reduced size of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005353 abnormal patella morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030881 abnormal knee morphology any structural anomaly of the large sesamoid bone that covers the anterior surface of the knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004509 abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of the broad, flaring portion of the hip bone, which is distinct at birth, but later fuses with the ischium and the pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005356 positive geotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001392 abnormal locomotor behavior mice, when placed on a downward on a slanting grid, walk down without turning around, or exhibit a delay in turning around, whereas wild type mice will always turn around and walk upward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005357 novel environmental response-related retropulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010323 retropulsion when confronted with a novel stimulus, subjects exhibit involuntary backward walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005359 growth retardation of incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development developmental delay of the growth of the incisors, the long pointed teeth, most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005363 decreased susceptibility to prion infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020187 abnormal susceptibility to prion infection reduced likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from the small proteinaceous infectious particles which are resistant to inactivation by procedures that modify nucleic acids and which contain an abnormal isoform of a cellular protein that is a major and necessary component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005364 increased susceptibility to prion infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020187 abnormal susceptibility to prion infection increased likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from the small proteinaceous infectious particles which are resistant to inactivation by procedures that modify nucleic acids and which contain an abnormal isoform of a cellular protein that is a major and necessary component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005365 abnormal bile salt homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of the steroid salts derived from cholesterol in the liver, produced as bile acids and secreted in the biliary system as bile salts; these play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005386 behavior/neurological phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable actions or reactions of mammalian organisms that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005398 decreased susceptibility to fungal infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020183 abnormal susceptibility to fungal infection reduced likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection by a yeast or mold, or from components of, or toxins produced by, these organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005399 increased susceptibility to fungal infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020183 abnormal susceptibility to fungal infection greater likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection by a yeast or mold, or from components of, or toxins produced by, these organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005400 abnormal vitamin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004019 abnormal vitamin homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of any of the organic substances found in food that are necessary in trace amounts for normal metabolic function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005401 abnormal fat-soluble vitamin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005400 abnormal vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of any of the organic substances found in food that are necessary in trace amounts for normal metabolic function and which require the presence of lipids for assimilation in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005403 abnormal nerve conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002272 abnormal nervous system electrophysiology anomaly in the act of transmitting electricity along a single nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005408 hypopigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype dilution of pigment in any or all tissues or a part of a tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005409 darkened coat color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012076 abnormal agouti pigmentation amount and distribution of yellow pigment (phaeomelanin) relative to black or brown pigment (eumelanin) is decreased when compared to wild-type agouti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005411 delayed fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005410 abnormal fertilization a lag in the normal time of onset of the process beginning with penetration of the secondary oocyte by the spermatozoon and completed by fusion of the male and female pronuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005412 vascular stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the lumen of one or more blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005413 vascular restenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005412 vascular stenosis recurrence of a narrowing or constriction of a blood vessel following surgical or mechanical removal or reduction of a previous narrowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005414 extrahepatic cholestasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000610 cholestasis impairment of bile flow in the large bile ducts by mechanical obstruction or stricture due to benign or malignant process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005415 intrahepatic cholestasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000610 cholestasis impairment of bile flow due to injury to the hepatocytes, bile canaliculi, or the intrahepatic bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005419 decreased circulating serum albumin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000199 abnormal circulating serum albumin level blood serum albumin concentration below the normal range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005421 loose skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance condition in which the skin hangs in folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005422 osteosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure abnormal hardening or eburnation (change in exposed subchondral bone in degenerative joint disease in which bone is converted into a dense substance with a smooth surface) of bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005423 abnormal somatic nervous system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for conveying voluntary motor and external sensory information, including all nerves controlling the skeletal muscular system and external sensory receptors (including balance, smell, sight, taste, touch and hearing sensory inputs) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005424 jerky movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001516 abnormal motor coordination/balance continuous, abrupt, faltering motions of the whole body or a portion of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005425 increased macrophage cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020202 abnormal macrophage cell number greater than the normal numbers of macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005426 tachypnea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005573 increased pulmonary respiratory rate rapid breathing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005430 absent fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002187 abnormal fibula morphology absence of the lateral and shorter of the two bones of the lower leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005431 decreased oocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020152 abnormal oocyte number reduced numbers of germ cells in the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005432 abnormal pro-B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of the progenitor cells of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but are not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005433 absent early pro-B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005019 abnormal early pro-B cell absence of cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that undergo D-J rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005434 absent late pro-B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005020 abnormal late pro-B cell absence of the cells in the B lymphocyte lineage that undergo V-DJ rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005435 hemoperitoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001634 internal hemorrhage blood in the peritoneal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005438 abnormal glycogen homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of this readily converted carbohydrate reserve, found in most tissues of the body, especially liver and muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005439 decreased glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve, found in most tissues of the body, especially liver and muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005440 increased glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of this readily converted carbohydrate reserve, found in most tissues of the body, especially liver and muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005441 increased urine calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002985 abnormal urine calcium level abnormally large amounts of calcium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005443 abnormal ethanol metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism altered ability to metabolize the clear, colorless liquid that has formula C2H6O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005444 abnormal retinol metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011233 abnormal vitamin A metabolism altered ability to metabolize retinol, which plays an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, and growth of and differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005446 abnormal synaptic epinephrine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion aberrant secretion across synapses of the active sympathomimetic hormone that stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005447 abnormal synaptic norepinephrine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion aberrant secretion across synapses of this widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter, the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005448 abnormal energy homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the process involved in the balance between food intake (energy input) and energy expenditure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005450 abnormal energy expenditure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005448 abnormal energy homeostasis utilization of calories that differs from normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005457 abnormal percent body fat/body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology more or less fat, relative to controls, expressed as a percentage of total body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005458 increased percent body fat/body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005457 abnormal percent body fat/body weight more fat, relative to controls, expressed as a percentage of total body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005459 decreased percent body fat/body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005457 abnormal percent body fat/body weight less fat, relative to controls, expressed as a percentage of total body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005462 abnormal mast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008111 abnormal granulocyte differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce a cell that is found in almost all tissues, containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005463 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology any functional anomaly of the subset of T lymphocytes that carry the CD4 marker, recognize intravesicular peptides bound to MHC class-II molecules, and turn on antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005464 abnormal platelet physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012382 abnormal blood cell physiology any functional anomaly of the non-nucleated cells found in the blood and involved in blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005465 abnormal T-helper 1 physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005463 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell physiology abnormal function of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production favors cellular immune responses and delayed type hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005466 abnormal T-helper 2 physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005463 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell physiology abnormal function of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production promotes defense against extracellular parasites and humoral immune responses typical of allergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005469 abnormal thyroxine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005468 abnormal thyroid hormone level any anomaly in the concentration of the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland; it normally affects cellular metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005470 increased thyroxine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005469 abnormal thyroxine level greater than the normal concentration of the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland; it normally affects cellular metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005471 decreased thyroxine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005469 abnormal thyroxine level less than the normal concentration of the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland; it normally affects cellular metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005472 abnormal triiodothyronine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005468 abnormal thyroid hormone level anomaly in the amount of a thyroid hormone that regulates growth and development, controls some metabolic processes and body temperature, and negatively regulates secretion of thyrotropin by the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005473 decreased triiodothyronine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005472 abnormal triiodothyronine level reduced amount of a thyroid hormone that regulates growth and development, controls some metabolic processes and body temperature, and negatively regulates secretion of thyrotropin by the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005474 increased triiodothyronine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005472 abnormal triiodothyronine level greater amount of a thyroid hormone that regulates growth and development, controls some metabolic processes and body temperature, and negatively regulates secretion of thyrotropin by the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005475 abnormal circulating thyroxine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005469 abnormal thyroxine level anomaly in the blood concentration of the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland that normally affects cellular metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005476 abnormal circulating triiodothyronine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005472 abnormal triiodothyronine level anomaly in the amount of a thyroid hormone present in the blood that regulates growth and development, controls some metabolic processes and body temperature, and negatively regulates secretion of thyrotropin by the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005477 increased circulating thyroxine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005475 abnormal circulating thyroxine level greater than the normal blood concentration of the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland that normally affects cellular metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005478 decreased circulating thyroxine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005475 abnormal circulating thyroxine level reduction in the normal blood concentration of the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland that normally affects cellular metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005479 decreased circulating triiodothyronine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005476 abnormal circulating triiodothyronine level reduced amount of a thyroid hormone present in the blood that regulates growth and development, controls some metabolic processes and body temperature, and negatively regulates secretion of thyrotropin by the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005480 increased circulating triiodothyronine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005476 abnormal circulating triiodothyronine level greater amount of a thyroid hormone present in the blood that regulates growth and development, controls some metabolic processes and body temperature, and negatively regulates secretion of thyrotropin by the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005481 increased chronic myelocytic leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002026 increased leukemia incidence higher than normal incidence of a heterogeneous group of myeloproliferative disorders that may evolve into acute leukemia in late stages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005488 bronchial epithelial hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010943 abnormal bronchus epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the bronchial epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005489 vascular smooth muscle hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005592 abnormal vascular smooth muscle morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vascular smooth muscle, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005490 increased club cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010809 abnormal club cell morphology increased numbers of the rounded, club-shaped, nonciliated cells found between ciliated cells in bronchiolar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005491 pancreatic islet hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009171 enlarged pancreatic islets increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pancreatic islets, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005492 exocrine pancreas hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009111 pancreas hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the exocrine pancreas, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005493 stomach epithelial hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000471 abnormal stomach epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the stomach epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005494 esophagogastric junction metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005213 gastric metaplasia conversion of one differentiated cell type to another differentiated cell type at the terminal end of the esophagus and beginning of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005497 optic nerve cupping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology concave shape of the nerve often as a result of the force of pressure from glaucoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005498 hyporesponsive to tactile stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005316 abnormal response to tactile stimuli reduced reflex action normally induced by touch or pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005499 abnormal olfactory system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005394 taste/olfaction phenotype any structural anomaly of the organs involved in smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005505 thrombocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013663 increased myeloid cell number greater than the normal numbers of the non-nucleated cells found in the blood and involved in blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005507 tail dragging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001391 abnormal tail movements pulling the tail along with difficulty or effort; may be due to paralysis or weakness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005515 uveitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation inflammation of part or all of the uvea, the middle (vascular) tunic of the eye, and commonly involving the other tunics (sclera and cornea, and the retina) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005516 enhanced liver regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002658 abnormal liver regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of liver tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005517 impaired liver regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002658 abnormal liver regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of liver tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005518 abnormal pancreas regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002693 abnormal pancreas physiology anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of pancreatic tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005519 enhanced pancreas regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005518 abnormal pancreas regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of pancreatic tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005520 impaired pancreas regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005518 abnormal pancreas regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of pancreatic tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005521 abnormal circulating atrial natriuretic factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level deviation from the normal concentration of the peptide hormone in the blood that regulates the water-electrolyte balance and acts as a vasodilator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005522 increased circulating atrial natriuretic factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005521 abnormal circulating atrial natriuretic factor level greater than the normal concentration of the peptide hormone in the blood that regulates the water-electrolyte balance and acts as a vasodilator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005523 decreased circulating atrial natriuretic factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005521 abnormal circulating atrial natriuretic factor level less than the normal concentration of the peptide hormone in the blood that regulates the water-electrolyte balance and acts as a vasodilator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005524 abnormal renal plasma flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology deviation from the normal volume of plasma passing through the kidney per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005525 increased renal plasma flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005524 abnormal renal plasma flow rate greater than the normal volume of plasma passing through the kidney per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005526 decreased renal plasma flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005524 abnormal renal plasma flow rate less than the normal volume of plasma passing through the kidney per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005527 increased renal glomerular filtration rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002847 abnormal renal glomerular filtration rate greater than the normal volume of water filtered out of the plasma through glomerular capillary walls into the Bowman's capsule per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005528 decreased renal glomerular filtration rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002847 abnormal renal glomerular filtration rate less than the normal volume of water filtered out of the plasma through glomerular capillary walls into the Bowman's capsule per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005529 abnormal renal vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005532 abnormal vascular resistance deviation from the normal force opposing blood flow in the kidney blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005530 decreased renal vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005529 abnormal renal vascular resistance less than the normal force opposing blood flow in the kidney blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005531 increased renal vascular resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005529 abnormal renal vascular resistance greater than the normal force opposing blood flow in the kidney blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005533 increased body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005535 abnormal body temperature greater than the level of heat natural to a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005534 decreased body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005535 abnormal body temperature less than the level of heat natural to a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005535 abnormal body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis deviation in the level of heat natural to a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005536 decreased Leydig cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002786 abnormal Leydig cell morphology decreased number of the interstitial cells found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle that produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005540 decreased urine albumin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002963 decreased urine protein level less than the normal amount of albumin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005541 abnormal iris stromal pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005208 abnormal iris stroma morphology any anomaly in the coloring of the framework of the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005542 corneal vascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003711 pathological neovascularization formation of blood vessels in the cornea, which normally lacks vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005544 corneal deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology accumulation of minerals, proteins, or other anomalous substances on the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005547 abnormal Muller cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any structural anomaly of the elongated neuroglial cells that traverse all the layers of the retina and that act as supporting elements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005548 retina pigment epithelium atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005201 abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology acquired diminution of the size of the epithelial layer of the retina composed of cells containing pigment granules, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005549 retina pigment epithelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005201 abnormal retina pigment epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the retinal pigment epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005553 increased circulating creatinine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009644 uremia greater than the normal blood concentration of this product of creatine catabolism; abnormal levels indicative of renal dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005554 decreased circulating creatinine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005328 abnormal circulating creatinine level less than the normal blood concentration of this product of creatine catabolism; abnormal levels indicative of renal dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005556 abnormal renal filtration rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013285 abnormal renal filtration altered ability of the kidneys to remove substances from the plasma for excretion in a specific period of time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005557 increased creatinine clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005556 abnormal renal filtration rate increased rate of the process in which creatine is removed from the blood via renal filtration and its constituent parts degraded http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005558 decreased creatinine clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005556 abnormal renal filtration rate decreased rate of the process in which creatine is removed from the blood via renal filtration and its constituent parts degraded http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005561 increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001589 abnormal mean corpuscular hemoglobin greater than the average levels of hemoglobin contained in an erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005562 decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001589 abnormal mean corpuscular hemoglobin less than the average levels of hemoglobin contained in an erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005564 increased hemoglobin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005563 abnormal hemoglobin content increase in the total hemoglobin content in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005565 increased blood urea nitrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009644 uremia high circulating concentration of nitrogen, in the form of urea; commonly used to measure renal function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005566 decreased blood urea nitrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005265 abnormal blood urea nitrogen level low circulating concentration of nitrogen, in the form of urea; commonly used to measure renal function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005567 decreased circulating total protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011888 abnormal circulating total protein level total circulating protein level below the normal range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005568 increased circulating total protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011888 abnormal circulating total protein level total circulating protein level above the normal range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005571 decreased lactate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002943 abnormal lactate dehydrogenase level reduced level of the tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005572 abnormal pulmonary respiratory rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001951 abnormal breathing pattern deviation from the normal number of breaths per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005573 increased pulmonary respiratory rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005572 abnormal pulmonary respiratory rate greater than the normal number of breaths per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005574 decreased pulmonary respiratory rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005572 abnormal pulmonary respiratory rate fewer than the normal number of breaths per minute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005577 uterus prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology downward movement, and possible external appearance, of the uterus through the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005578 teratozoospermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006362 abnormal male germ cell morphology presence of structurally anomalous spermatozoa in the semen; malformations include the physical bending of the sperm to produce kinks or bends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005580 periinsulitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001869 pancreas inflammation an accumulation of macrophages, dendritic cells, and B and T lymphocytes in the periductal areas of the pancreas but outside the islet cell areas; often occurs prior to intra-insulitis of the islet cell areas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005581 abnormal renin activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity altered ability of this enzyme to cleave angiotensionogen and create angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005582 increased renin activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005581 abnormal renin activity greater than the normal ability of this enzyme to cleave angiotensionogen and create angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005583 decreased renin activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005581 abnormal renin activity less than the normal ability of this enzyme to cleave angiotensionogen and create angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism altered ability of any enzyme or their cofactors, to act as catalysts to induce chemical changes in other substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005585 increased tidal volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002313 abnormal tidal volume greater than the normal volume of air inspired or expired during each normal respiratory cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005586 decreased tidal volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002313 abnormal tidal volume less than the normal volume of air inspired or expired during each normal respiratory cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005587 abnormal Meckel's cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030464 abnormal cranial cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of this cartilage bar in the mandibular arch that forms a temporary supporting structure in the embryonic mandible; gives rise to middle ear bones and sphenomandibular and anterior malleolar ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005590 increased vasodilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001613 abnormal vasodilation greater than the expected or normal widening of the lumen of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005591 decreased vasodilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001613 abnormal vasodilation less than the expected or normal widening of the lumen of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005596 increased susceptibility to type I hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005088 increased acute inflammation greater likelihood of developing a response manifested by localized or generalized reaction that occurs immediately (minutes) after exposure to an antigen to which the person/animal was previously sensitized; it is IgE-mediated, and mast cell activation and degranulation are hallmarks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005597 decreased susceptibility to type I hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005087 decreased acute inflammation less likelihood or resistance to developing a response manifested by localized or generalized reaction that occurs immediately (minutes) after exposure to an antigen to which the person/animal was previously sensitized; it is IgE-mediated, and mast cell activation and degranulation are hallmarks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005598 decreased ventricle muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005140 decreased cardiac muscle contractility reduced ability of the heart ventricle muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension, often measured by ventricular ejection fraction volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005599 increased cardiac muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002972 abnormal cardiac muscle contractility greater than the normal ability of the heart muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension, often measured by dP/dT max, fractional shortening (FS), velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (Vcfc), peak of aortic outflow velocity (PAV), and ventricular ejection fraction volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005600 increased ventricle muscle contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005599 increased cardiac muscle contractility greater than the normal ability of the heart ventricle muscle to shorten or to develop increased tension, often measured by ventricular ejection fraction volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005601 increased angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000260 abnormal angiogenesis enhanced process of blood vessel formation and the subsequent remodeling process; does not refer to the initial establishment of the vascular network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005602 decreased angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000260 abnormal angiogenesis reduced process of blood vessel formation and the subsequent remodeling process; does not refer to the initial establishment of the vascular network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005603 neuron hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology increased size of any of the structural and functional units of the nervous system, which consist of the nerve cell body, the dendrites, and the axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005604 hyperekplexia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001486 abnormal startle reflex disorder characterized by pathologic startle responses, protective reactions to unanticipated, potentially threatening, stimuli of any type, particularly auditory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005606 increased bleeding time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation greater than the normal duration of blood flow after skin puncture; indicative of platelet and capillary function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005607 decreased bleeding time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation less than the normal duration of blood flow after skin puncture; indicative of platelet and capillary function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005608 cardiac interstitial fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013258 abnormal extracellular matrix morphology formation of fibrous tissue within the interstices of the heart as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005609 abnormal circulating antidiuretic hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level deviation from the normal concentration of the peptide hormone in the blood that is normally released by the neurohypophysis to control water metabolism and balance by regulating water loss; it also contracts smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005610 increased circulating antidiuretic hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005609 abnormal circulating antidiuretic hormone level greater than the normal concentration of the peptide hormone in the blood that is normally released by the neurohypophysis to control water metabolism and balance by regulating water loss; it also contracts smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005611 decreased circulating antidiuretic hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005609 abnormal circulating antidiuretic hormone level less than the normal concentration of the peptide hormone in the blood that is normally released by the neurohypophysis to control water metabolism and balance by regulating water loss; it also contracts smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005612 decreased susceptibility to type II hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005087 decreased acute inflammation less likelihood of or resistance to developing a response caused by an Ag-Ab reaction; antibodies are directly or indirectly cytotoxic to antigens on cell surfaces or in connective tissues; most often involves IgG and IgM; complement activation is usually involved http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005613 increased susceptibility to type II hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005088 increased acute inflammation greater likelihood or resistance to developing a response caused by an Ag-Ab reaction; antibodies are directly or indirectly cytotoxic to antigens on cell surfaces or in connective tissues; most often involves IgG and IgM; complement activation is usually involved http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005614 decreased susceptibility to type III hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005087 decreased acute inflammation less likelihood of or resistance to developing tissue injury mediated by immune complexes; generally involves immune complexes formed in the blood via Abs encountering circulating Ag; Ag-Ab complexes then deposit in tissues (especially blood vessels and glomeruli), induce complement activation, and result in tissue injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005615 increased susceptibility to type III hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005088 increased acute inflammation greater likelihood of developing tissue injury mediated by immune complexes; generally involves immune complexes formed in the blood via antibodies encountering circulating antigen; Ag-Ab complexes then deposit in tissues (especially blood vessels and glomeruli), induce complement activation, and result in tissue injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005616 decreased susceptibility to type IV hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005087 decreased acute inflammation less likelihood of or resistance to developing an antigen-elicited cellular immune reaction that results in tissue damage, but does not require Ab participation; the response is seen at the area of contact http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005617 increased susceptibility to type IV hypersensitivity reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005088 increased acute inflammation greater likelihood of developing an antigen-elicited cellular immune reaction that results in tissue damage, but does not require Ab participation; the response is seen at the area of contact http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005618 decreased urine potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004820 abnormal urine potassium level less than the normal amount of potassium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005619 increased urine potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004820 abnormal urine potassium level greater than normal amount of potassium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005623 abnormal meninges morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly in any of the membranes covering the spinal cord and brain, including the dura mater (external), arachnoid (middle), and pia mater (internal) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005624 abnormal plasma anion gap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis measurement of the interval between the sum of routinely measured cations minus the sum of the routinely measured anions in the blood; the anion gap = (Na+ + K+) - (Cl- + HCO3-) where Na- is sodium, K+ is potassium, Cl- is chloride, and HCO3- is bicarbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005625 increased plasma anion gap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005624 abnormal plasma anion gap greater than the normal interval between the sum of routinely measured cations minus the sum of the routinely measured anions in the blood; the anion gap = (Na+ + K+) - (Cl- + HCO3-) where Na- is sodium, K+ is potassium, Cl- is chloride, and HCO3- is bicarbonate; high anion gap is indicative of metabolic acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005626 decreased plasma anion gap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005624 abnormal plasma anion gap less than the normal interval between the sum of routinely measured cations minus the sum of the routinely measured anions in the blood; the anion gap = (Na+ + K+) - (Cl- + HCO3-) where Na- is sodium, K+ is potassium, Cl- is chloride, and HCO3- is bicarbonate; low anion gap is relatively rare but may occur from the presence of abnormal positively charged proteins, as in multiple myeloma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005627 increased circulating potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002668 abnormal circulating potassium level greater than the normal concentration in the blood of this alkaline metallic element, the most abundant intracellular ion; anomalies in the extracellular (circulating) concentration have important implications for the function of excitable tissues, such as nerve and muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005629 abnormal lung weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004881 abnormal lung size anomaly in the average weight of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005630 increased lung weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005629 abnormal lung weight greater than average weight of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005631 decreased lung weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005629 abnormal lung weight reduced average weight of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005632 decreased circulating aspartate transaminase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000203 abnormal circulating aspartate transaminase level less than normal concentration in the blood of this enzyme, which catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid; aids in diagnosis of viral hepatitis and myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005633 increased circulating sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001776 abnormal circulating sodium level greater than the normal concentration in the blood of this metallic element, the most plentiful extracellular ion in the body and the principal determinant of extracellular fluid volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005634 decreased circulating sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001776 abnormal circulating sodium level less than the normal concentration in the blood of this metallic element, the most plentiful extracellular ion in the body and the principal determinant of extracellular fluid volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005635 decreased circulating bilirubin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001569 abnormal circulating bilirubin level reduced concentration in the blood of the bile pigment bilirubin, normally found in the liver and in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005638 hemochromatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001770 abnormal iron level disorder due to the deposition of hemosiderin in the parenchymal cells, causing tissue damage and dysfunction of the liver, pancreas, heart, and pituitary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005639 hemosiderosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001770 abnormal iron level condition in which there is a generalized increase in the iron stores of body tissues, particularly of liver and the reticuloendothelial system, without demonstrable tissue damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005640 abnormal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001588 abnormal hemoglobin deviation from the normal Hgb/Hct; the average hemoglobin concentration in a given volume of packed red cells, calculated from the hemoglobin therein and the hematocrit, in erythrocyte indices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005641 increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005640 abnormal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration greater than the normal Hgb/Hct; the average hemoglobin concentration in a given volume of packed red cells, calculated from the hemoglobin therein and the hematocrit, in erythrocyte indices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005642 decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005640 abnormal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration less than the normal Hgb/Hct; the average hemoglobin concentration in a given volume of packed red cells, calculated from the hemoglobin therein and the hematocrit, in erythrocyte indices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005643 decreased dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001905 abnormal dopamine level less than the normal amount of this catecholamine neurotransmitter and neurohormone, derived from tyrosine and the precursor to norepinephrine and epinephrine; functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain and as a hormone to inhibit the release of prolactin from the anterior lobe of the pituitary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005648 heart right ventricle degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003920 abnormal heart right ventricle morphology replacement of cardiomyocytes in the right ventricle with fibrous tissue and/or fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005649 increased spleen neoplasm incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010296 increased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a neoplasm of the spleen, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005651 abnormal gonad rudiment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development any structural anomaly of the undifferentiated mesoderm that gives rise to the gonads http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005653 phototoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology condition caused by overexposure to UV light or from the combination of exposure to specific wavelengths and a phototoxic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005654 porphyria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004147 increased porphyrin level acquired or inherited group of disorders characterized by excessive production of porphyrins or their precursors; if acquired, it results from inhibition of enzymes in the heme metabolic pathway by drugs, toxins or abnormal metabolites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005657 abnormal neural plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development any structural anomaly of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells in the neuroectodermal area of the embryo's dorsal surface that develops into the neural tube and neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005658 increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004890 decreased energy expenditure more likely to become excessively overweight or to increase fat in the subcutaneous connective tissue as a result of consuming a diet geared to increase body fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005659 decreased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004889 increased energy expenditure less likely to become excessively overweight or to increase fat in the subcutaneous connective tissue as a result of consuming a diet geared to increase body fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005661 decreased circulating adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005660 abnormal circulating adrenaline level less than the normal concentration in the blood of a catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors and that causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005662 increased circulating adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005660 abnormal circulating adrenaline level greater than the normal concentration in the blood of a catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors and that causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005664 decreased circulating noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012574 decreased noradrenaline level less than the normal blood amount of the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS; noradrenaline is the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005665 increased circulating noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012575 increased noradrenaline level greater than the normal blood amount of the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS; noradrenaline is the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005667 abnormal circulating leptin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level anomaly in the blood concentration of the peptide hormone secreted by white adipocytes and believed to regulate food intake and energy balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005668 decreased circulating leptin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005667 abnormal circulating leptin level less than the normal blood concentration of the peptide hormone secreted by white adipocytes and believed to regulate food intake and energy balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005669 increased circulating leptin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005667 abnormal circulating leptin level greater than the normal blood concentration of the peptide hormone secreted by white adipocytes and believed to regulate food intake and energy balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005670 abnormal white adipose tissue physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology any functional anomaly in the connective tissue consisting of fat-storing cells and arranged in lobular groups or along minor blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005671 abnormal response to transplant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology anomaly in the body's reaction to the grafting of organs, tissues, or cells taken from the same individual for another area of the body or from another individual http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005672 increased susceptibility to graft versus host disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005671 abnormal response to transplant greater likelihood of developing clinical symptoms of anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the a graft versus host reaction, which is an immunological attack mounted by a graft against the host because of tissue incompatibility when immunologically competent cells are transplanted to an immunologically incompetent host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005673 decreased susceptibility to graft versus host disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005671 abnormal response to transplant less likelihood of developing clinical symptoms of anorexia, diarrhea, loss of hair, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, growth retardation, and eventual death brought about by the a graft versus host reaction, which is an immunological attack mounted by a graft against the host because of tissue incompatibility when immunologically competent cells are transplanted to an immunologically incompetent host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005675 small gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020134 abnormal gallbladder size reduced size of the gall bladder, the organ that serves as a storage reservoir for bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006000 abnormal corneal epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013754 abnormal ocular surface morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006001 abnormal intestinal transit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011082 abnormal gastrointestinal motility increase or decrease in the time it takes for a bolus of material to pass through the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006002 abnormal small intestinal transit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006001 abnormal intestinal transit time increase or decrease in the time it takes for a bolus of material to pass through the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006003 abnormal large intestinal transit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006001 abnormal intestinal transit time increase or decrease in the time it takes for a bolus of material to pass through the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006009 abnormal neuronal migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology any anomaly in the movement of immature neurons from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006010 absent strial intermediate cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004367 abnormal strial intermediate cell morphology absence of the melanocytes (i.e. crest-derived intermediate cells) normally located within the intrastrial space; loss of strial intermediate cells is known to lead to loss of the endocochlear potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006012 dilated endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006011 abnormal endolymphatic duct morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006013 absent endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006011 abnormal endolymphatic duct morphology absence of the dilated blind extremity of the endolymphatic duct, which lies external to the dura on the posterior aspect of the petrous part of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006014 dilated endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006011 abnormal endolymphatic duct morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006015 dilated lateral semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000037 abnormal lateral semicircular canal morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the lateral semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006016 dilated posterior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002858 abnormal posterior semicircular canal morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the posterior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006017 dilated superior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003069 abnormal superior semicircular canal morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or both of the superior semicircular canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006018 abnormal tympanic membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology any structural anomaly of the thin, tense membrane forming the greater part of the lateral wall of the tympanic cavity and separating it from the external acoustic meatus; the tympanic membrane constitutes the boundary between the external and middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006019 absent tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006018 abnormal tympanic membrane morphology absence of the thin, tense membrane forming the greater part of the lateral wall of the tympanic cavity and separating it from the external acoustic meatus; the tympanic membrane constitutes the boundary between the external and middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006020 decreased tympanic ring size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000030 abnormal tympanic ring morphology smaller than average tympanic ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006021 abnormal Reissner membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly of the membrane which separates the cochlear duct from the vestibular canal, i.e. the endolymph of the scala media from the perilymph of the scala vestibuli; the Reissner membrane consists of squamous epithelial cells with microvilli toward the ductus, a basement membrane, and a thin layer of connective tissue toward the scala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006022 absent Reissner membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006021 abnormal Reissner membrane morphology loss of the membrane which separates the cochlear duct from the vestibular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006023 detached Reissner membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006021 abnormal Reissner membrane morphology partial or complete loss of connection between the membrane and the stria vascularis, the periosteum covering the lamina spiralis ossea, or both http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006024 collapsed Reissner membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006021 abnormal Reissner membrane morphology the Reissner's membrane, which normally separates the scala media from the scala vestibuli, has collapsed onto the spiral limbus and the tectorial membrane of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006025 distended Reissner membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006021 abnormal Reissner membrane morphology an increase in the volume of endolymphatic fluid that results in distortion of the vestibular membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006026 dilated terminal bronchiole tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002268 abnormal terminal bronchiole morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the terminal bronchiole tubes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006027 impaired lung alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010995 abnormal lung alveolus development a block or reduction in the formation of the sacs for holding air in the lungs, which are formed by the terminal dilation of air passageways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006029 abnormal sclerotome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development any structural anomaly of the group of mesenchymal cells that emerge from the ventromedial part of a somite and migrate toward the notochord; normally, sclerotomal cells from adjacent somites become merged in intersomitically located masses that are the primordia of the centra of the vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006030 abnormal otic vesicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009806 abnormal otic vesicle morphology anomaly in the formation of the simple epithelial sac formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003942 abnormal urinary system development any structural anomaly of the epithelial swelling on the metanephric duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme; interactions between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme leads to the initiation of outgrowth and repetitive branching of the UB that ultimately generates the definitive renal collecting system and induces formation of renal vesicles from the mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006033 abnormal external auditory canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology any structural anomaly of the canal that connects the outer and middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006034 myoglobinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level presence of myoglobin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles that occur in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells; mitochondria are notably the site of tissue respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006036 abnormal mitochondrial physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology any functional anomaly of the cellular organelles responsible for energy production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006037 abnormal mitochondrial fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020423 abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis anomaly in the expansion rate of the cellular organelles responsible for energy production by division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006038 increased mitochondrial fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006037 abnormal mitochondrial fission increase in the expansion rate of the cellular organelles responsible for energy production by division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006039 decreased mitochondrial fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006037 abnormal mitochondrial fission reduction in the expansion rate of the cellular organelles responsible for energy production by division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006044 tricuspid valve regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006046 atrioventricular valve regurgitation the backward reflux of blood through the tricuspid valve, due to insufficiency caused by disease, aging or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006045 mitral valve regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006046 atrioventricular valve regurgitation the backward reflux of blood through the mitral valve, due to insufficiency caused by disease, aging or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006046 atrioventricular valve regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009384 cardiac valve regurgitation the backward reflux of blood through the atrioventricular valve, due to insufficiency caused by disease, aging or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006047 aortic valve regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006049 semilunar valve regurgitation the backward reflux of blood through the aortic valve, due to insufficiency caused by disease, aging or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006048 pulmonary valve regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006049 semilunar valve regurgitation the backward reflux of blood through the pulmonary valve, due to insufficiency caused by disease, aging or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006049 semilunar valve regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009384 cardiac valve regurgitation the backward reflux of blood through the semilunar valve(s), due to insufficiency caused by disease, aging or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006051 brainstem hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001915 intracranial hemorrhage bleeding into the brain stem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006052 cerebellum hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001915 intracranial hemorrhage bleeding into the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006053 hypothalamus hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001915 intracranial hemorrhage bleeding into the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006054 spinal hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology bleeding into the spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006056 increased vascular endothelial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006055 abnormal vascular endothelial cell morphology greater than normal number of cells lining the vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006057 decreased vascular endothelial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006055 abnormal vascular endothelial cell morphology less than normal number of cells lining the vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006058 decreased cerebral infarct size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006059 decreased susceptibility to ischemic brain injury decreased size of necrotic area of the cerebrum resulting from a sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006059 decreased susceptibility to ischemic brain injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005166 decreased susceptibility to injury less severe response, such as decreased incidence and/or size of necrotic tissue, to lack of adequate blood flow resulting from trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of all or part of the brain compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006060 increased cerebral infarct size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003076 increased susceptibility to ischemic brain injury increased size of necrotic area of the cerebrum resulting from a sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006061 right atrial isomerism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014319 abnormal heart atrium arrangement anomaly in the asymmetry of the cardiac atria such that atria on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the right side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006062 abnormal vena cava morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two largest veins in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006063 abnormal inferior vena cava morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006062 abnormal vena cava morphology any structural anomaly of the principal vein draining blood from the lower portion of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006064 abnormal superior vena cava morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006062 abnormal vena cava morphology any structural anomaly of the principal vein draining blood from the upper portion of the body and delivering it to the right ventricle of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006066 decreased clearance of atrial thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001855 abnormal atrial thrombosis slower removal of a thrombus from the atria of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006067 increased clearance of atrial thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001855 abnormal atrial thrombosis faster removal of a thrombus from the atria of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006068 abnormal retina horizontal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any structural anomaly of the laterally interconnecting neurons in the outer plexiform layer of the retina that connect rods of one part of the retina with cones in another part of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006070 increased retina photoreceptor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006006 increased sensory neuron number greater than the expected number of rods and/or cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006071 abnormal retina progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009772 abnormal retina development any structural anomaly of the cells that give rise to the various cells of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006072 abnormal retina apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology change in the timing or the number of cells in the retina undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006073 abnormal retina bipolar cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any structural anomaly of the cells that transmit signals from the photoreceptors to retinal amacrine and ganglion cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006074 abnormal retina rod bipolar cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006073 abnormal retina bipolar cell morphology any structural anomaly of the bipolar cells that function in low light and transmit signals only through amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006075 abnormal retina cone bipolar cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006073 abnormal retina bipolar cell morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal bipolar cells that connect to both ganglion and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006076 abnormal circulating homocysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level aberrant amount in the blood of sulfur-containing alpha-amino acid found in the plasma; blood levels are regulated by folic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006077 inguinal hernia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000757 herniated abdominal wall hernia through the abdominal wall in the region of the groin known as Hesselbach's triangle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006078 abnormal nipple morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the erectile projection at the apex of the mammary gland where the lactiferous ducts open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006080 brain ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology inadequate blood flow to a region of the brain that may lead to cerebral infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006083 abnormal blood vessel elastic tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the elastic tissue layer that lines a blood vessel layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006085 myocardium necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010632 cardiac muscle necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of myocardial tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006086 decreased body mass index http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020182 abnormal body mass index less than normal average of a measure of weight for height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006087 increased body mass index http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020182 abnormal body mass index greater than normal average of a measure of weight for height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006088 abnormal blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology anomaly in the function of the group of barriers and transport systems in the choroid plexus located in the lateral, third, and fourth brain ventricles that controls the entrance of substances into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006093 arteriovenous malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology fusion of an artery and vein without an intervening capillary bed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006094 increased fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology increased size of fat-storing cells found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006095 absent amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008106 decreased amacrine cell number absence of the amacrine cells, which constitute one of the three types of interneurons found in the inner nuclear layer of the mature retina; they integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006096 absent retina bipolar cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006073 abnormal retina bipolar cell morphology absence of the cells that transmit signals from the photoreceptors to retinal amacrine and ganglion cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006097 abnormal cerebellar lobule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000857 abnormal cerebellar foliation anomaly in the formation of the lobes of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006098 absent cerebellar lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009964 abnormal cerebellum lobule morphology missing lobes of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006099 thin cerebellar granule layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology reduced thickness of the innermost cortical layer of the cerebellum that contains granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006100 abnormal tegmentum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology any structural anomaly of the floor of the midbrain which extends from the substantia nigra to the level of the cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006101 absent tegmentum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006100 abnormal tegmentum morphology absence or loss of the floor of the midbrain which extends from the substantia nigra to the level of the cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006102 decreased tegmentum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006100 abnormal tegmentum morphology reduced size of the floor of the midbrain which extends from the substantia nigra to the level of the cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006103 abnormal midbrain roof plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology any structural anomaly of the mesencephalic roof plate, including the caudal and rostral part of the midbrain roof http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006105 small tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006104 abnormal tectum morphology reduced size of the rostral part of the midbrain roof http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006106 absent tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006104 abnormal tectum morphology absence or loss of the rostral part of the midbrain roof http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006109 fibrillation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001636 irregular heartbeat asynchronous contraction or quivering of individual cardiac muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006110 ventricular fibrillation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006109 fibrillation asynchronous contraction or quivering of individual cardiac muscle fibers in the ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006112 angina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006111 abnormal coronary circulation inadequate blood flow to and/or oxygenation of the heart producing chest pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006114 cardiac murmur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation abnormal turbulent blood flow through the valves or outflow tract results in abnormal heart sounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006115 aortic valve atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology congenital closure of the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006116 calcified aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006117 aortic valve stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031585 semilunar valve stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006118 aortic valve prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology collapse of one or more of the aortic valve cusps backward allowing blood to leak backwards, usually the result of enlargement of one or more of the valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006119 mitral valve atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology congenital closure of the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006120 mitral valve prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology collapse of one or more of the mitral valve cusps backward allowing blood to leak backwards, usually the result of enlargement of one or more of the valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006121 calcified mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006122 mitral valve stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031575 atrioventricular valve stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006123 tricuspid valve atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology congenital closure of the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006124 tricuspid valve stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031575 atrioventricular valve stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006125 tricuspid valve prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology collapse of one or more of the tricuspid valve cusps backward allowing blood to leak backwards, usually the result of enlargement of one or more of the valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006126 abnormal cardiac outflow tract development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development anomaly in the development of the common arterial trunk that forms the aorta and pulmonary artery and the ventricular outflow regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006128 pulmonary valve stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031585 semilunar valve stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006129 pulmonary valve prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology collapse of one or more of the pulmonary valve cusps backward allowing blood to leak backwards, usually the result of enlargement of one or more of the valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006130 pulmonary valve atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology congenital closure of the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006131 calcified pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006132 calcified tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006133 calcified artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006134 artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology blockage of blood flow through one or more arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006136 varicose veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology enlarged, twisted, painful superficial veins resulting from poorly functioning valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006137 venoocclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology blockage of blood flow through one or more veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006138 congestive heart failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology cardiac output is insufficient to supply blood throughout the body, resulting in the accumulation of fluid in the lungs and other body tissues; it is related mainly to salt and water retention in the tissues rather than directly to reduced blood flow; blood pools in the veins (vascular congestion) because the heart does not pump efficiently enough to allow it to return http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006140 increased cardiac rhabdomyoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010391 increased rhabdomyoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor of the myocardium, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; it is most commonly seen in the young and is often associated with tuberous sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006143 increased systemic arterial diastolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002842 increased systemic arterial blood pressure abnormal increase in the pressure in the arteries between heart beats when the heart is relaxed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006144 increased systemic arterial systolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002842 increased systemic arterial blood pressure abnormal increase in the pressure in the arteries as the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006145 legal blindness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002001 blindness the best corrected visual acuity is 20/200, or the visual field is 20 degrees or less (sensu H. sapiens) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006147 monocular blindness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002001 blindness loss of vision in only one eye, may be transient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006148 binocular blindness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002001 blindness loss of vision in both eyes, may be transient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006149 decreased visual acuity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011832 abnormal visual acuity loss of visual acuity or ability to distinguish small details http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006150 double vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision two images are perceived when only a single object is present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006151 astigmatism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology the cornea is asymmetrically curved, causing out-of-focus vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006152 tunnel vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision loss of peripheral vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006153 hypermetropia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision light entering the eye focuses behind the retina, instead of directly on it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006154 eye abduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001389 abnormal eye movement abnormal movement of the eye laterally, or towards the temple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006155 eye adduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001389 abnormal eye movement abnormal movement of the eye medially, or towards the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006156 abnormal visual pursuit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001389 abnormal eye movement anomaly in the ability to selectively track a moving object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006157 palsy of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001389 abnormal eye movement the eye fails to move properly in all directions of gaze http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006158 vertical supranuclear palsy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006157 palsy of the eye inability to move the eye vertically http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006159 ocular albinism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008480 absent eye pigmentation absence of melanin (pigment) production in the eye with identifiable melanocytes present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006160 heterochromatic iridis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005102 abnormal iris pigmentation a difference in color between the irises of the two eyes or between parts of one iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006162 thick eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology increased width of the eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006163 ankyloblepharon filiform http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology abnormal connection of the upper and lower eyelids formed by fibrous tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006164 ectropion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology abnormal eversion of the upper or lower eyelid that leaves the eye exposed and dry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006165 entropion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology abnormal inward rolling of the eyelid, most commonly the lower lid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006166 eyelid retraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003671 abnormal eyelid aperture abnormal superior displacement of resting upper lid margin or abnormal inferior displacement of resting lower lid margin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006167 eyelid edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001788 periorbital edema an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006168 epicanthus inversus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology a vertical fold of skin runs from the lower eyelid up either side of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006169 increased eyelid tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008018 increased facial tumor incidence greater than the expected number of abnormal rapidly proliferating cells in the eyelid, usually in the form of a distinct mass, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006170 increased eyelid myxoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006169 increased eyelid tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a benign neoplasm derived from pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells of eyelid connective tissue, consisting chiefly of polyhedral and stellate cells that are loosely embedded in a soft mucoid matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006171 increased eyelid neuroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006169 increased eyelid tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a tumor composed of nerve tissue found in the eyelid, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006172 increased eyelid lipodermoid incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006169 increased eyelid tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a congenital, yellowish-white, fatty, benign tumor located beneath the conjunctiva of the eye, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006173 abnormal myeloid dendritic cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008248 abnormal mononuclear phagocyte morphology any structural anomaly of phagocytic cells of the myeloid lineage that capture antigens in the periphery and then migrate to the lymphoid organs and secrete cytokines to initiate immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006175 choroid atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005098 abnormal optic choroid morphology acquired diminution of the size of the choroid associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006176 choroid degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005098 abnormal optic choroid morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006177 choroid sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005098 abnormal optic choroid morphology thickening or hardening of the choroid usually secondary to atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006180 increased choroid hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010304 increased choroid tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells in the choroid, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006182 increased retina hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010303 increased retina tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells in the retina, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006183 increased retina hamartoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010303 increased retina tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign formation of a mass of tissue of disproportionate size and distribution in the retina, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; hamartomas are typically composed of an overgrowth of mature cells and tissues that normally occur in this tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006184 increased retina astrocytoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010303 increased retina tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant tumor of nervous tissue composed of well-differentiated astrocytes located in the retina, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006185 retina hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006203 eye hemorrhage bleeding into the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006186 retina fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the retina, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006187 retina deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology abnormal accumulation of material on the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006188 calcified retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006209 calcified intraocular region pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006190 retina ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology inadequate blood flow to the retina usually due to functional constriction or obstruction of a blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006191 conjunctival deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001310 abnormal conjunctiva morphology abnormal accumulation of material on the conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006192 abnormal conjunctival vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001310 abnormal conjunctiva morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessel network of the conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006193 conjunctival telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006192 abnormal conjunctival vasculature morphology vascular lesion formed by dilation of a group of small blood vessels in the conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006194 keratoconjunctivitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006197 ocular hypotelorism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001299 abnormal eye distance/ position decreased interpupillary distance, i.e. decreased distance between the center of the pupils of the two eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006198 enophthalmos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001299 abnormal eye distance/ position recession of the eyeball within the orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006199 hypertropia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001299 abnormal eye distance/ position vertical misalignment between the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006200 vitreous body deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002699 abnormal vitreous body morphology abnormal accumulation of material in the vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006201 vitreous body inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003665 endophthalmitis local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006202 vitreous body hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006203 eye hemorrhage bleeding into the vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006203 eye hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology bleeding into the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006204 embryonic lethality before implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013292 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis death anytime between fertilization and implantation (Mus: E0 to less than E4.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006205 embryonic lethality between implantation and somite formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009850 embryonic lethality between implantation and placentation death anytime between the point of implantation and somite formation (Mus: E4.5 to less than E8) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006206 embryonic lethality between somite formation and embryo turning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009850 embryonic lethality between implantation and placentation death anytime between somite formation and the initiation of embryo turning (Mus: E8 to less than E9) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006207 embryonic lethality during organogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008762 embryonic lethality death anytime between embryo turning and the completion of organogenesis (Mus: E9-9.5 to less than E14) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006208 lethality throughout fetal growth and development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010832 lethality during fetal growth through weaning death anytime between the completion of organogenesis and birth (Mus: E14 to approximately E18.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006209 calcified intraocular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006210 abnormal orbit size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010030 abnormal orbit morphology deviation from the normal size of the orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006211 small orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006210 abnormal orbit size reduced size of the orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006212 large orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006210 abnormal orbit size increased size of the orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006213 shallow orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006210 abnormal orbit size decrease in the depth of the orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006214 asymmetrical orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010030 abnormal orbit morphology loss of bilateral symmetry in the orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006216 abnormal optic disk size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008259 abnormal optic disk morphology deviation from the normal size of the optic disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006217 small optic disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006216 abnormal optic disk size reduced size of the optic disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006218 large optic disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006216 abnormal optic disk size increased size of the optic disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006219 optic nerve degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology an active retrogressive pathologic deterioration of the optic nerve due to processes such as aberrant damage repair from injury, impaired blood flow or aging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006220 optic nerve compression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology a flattened or pressed appearance of the optic nerve as if by applied pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006221 optic nerve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020342 small optic nerve decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the optic nerve, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006222 optic neuropathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology damage of the optic nerve due to a blockage of its blood supply, to nutritional deficiencies, or to toxins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006223 optic nerve swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema accumulation of an excessive amount of fluid in the optic nerve; usually associated with an increase in intraocular pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006224 oculomotor apraxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001389 abnormal eye movement impaired control of horizontal eye movements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006225 ocular rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology tearing of the tissues of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006226 iris hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the iris, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006228 iris atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology acquired diminution of the size of the iris associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006229 iris inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005515 uveitis local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins and leukocytes in the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006230 iris stroma hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006226 iris hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the iris stroma, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006232 increased Lisch nodule incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010305 increased iris tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign focal malformations in the iris in a specific population in a given time period; results from faulty iris development, and is composed of an abnormal mixture of tissue elements including melanocytes, or an abnormal proportion of a single element normally present at that site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006234 iridoschisis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology separation of the anterior iris stroma from the posterior stroma and muscle layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006235 polycoria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology two or more pupils in one iris each with sphincter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006236 absent Meibomian glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005252 abnormal Meibomian gland morphology missing meibomian glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006237 abnormal choroid vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005098 abnormal optic choroid morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessels of the choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006238 abnormal choriocapillaris morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006237 abnormal choroid vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of the capillaries forming the inner vascular layer of the choroid of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006239 absent choriocapillaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006238 abnormal choriocapillaris morphology missing capillaries forming the inner vascular layer of the choroid of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006240 anisocoria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology unequal size of pupils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006241 abnormal placement of pupils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology abnormal location of the pupil so that it is not in the center of the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006242 white pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology reflective white mass within the eye that gives the appearance of white pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006243 impaired pupillary reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002638 abnormal pupillary reflex the pupil fails to constrict fully when exposed to bright light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006244 eyelid muscle spasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030143 facial muscle spasm repetitive, involuntary spasm of the eyelid muscles; a twitch usually occurs in the upper eyelid, but it can occur in both the upper and lower eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006248 lagophthalmos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology inability to completely close the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006249 phthisis bulbi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002697 abnormal eye size small, shrunken, malformed eye that usually represents an acquired shrinkage of the eye following trauma, infection, or the end result of eye disease rather than a primary developmental defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006250 abnormal line of Schwalbe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005203 abnormal trabecular meshwork morphology any structural anomaly of the thickened peripheral margin of the vitreous membrane of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006251 eyelid apraxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology impaired ability to open the eyelids without any gross defect in eyelid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006252 lateral rectus palsy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006157 palsy of the eye paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle preventing medially deviated and movement laterally from the midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006253 clinodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology abnormal lateral curvature of one or more digits towards or away from each other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006254 thin cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology decreased depth of the mantle covering the surface of the cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006256 abnormal gustatory papillae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000764 abnormal tongue epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the papillae that contain taste buds, including the fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006257 abnormal fungiform papillae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006256 abnormal gustatory papillae morphology any structural anomaly of the mushroom-shaped papillae, which have a single taste bud at the tip, located mostly on the dorsal anterior portion of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006258 abnormal circumvallate papillae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006256 abnormal gustatory papillae morphology any structural anomaly of the large papillae, which have multiple taste buds in the trough surrounding the papillae, located near the base and on the dorsal side of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006259 abnormal foliate papillae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006256 abnormal gustatory papillae morphology any structural anomaly of the papillae located on the sides of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006260 abnormal gustatory papilla taste bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031468 abnormal taste bud morphology any structural anomaly of the lingual taste buds found exclusively within gustatory papillae of the tongue, including the circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform papillae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006261 annular pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology an abnormal ring or collar of pancreatic tissue that encircles the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006262 increased testis tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009590 increased gonad tumor incidence greater than the expected number of abnormal rapidly proliferating cells in the testis, usually in the form of a distinct mass, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006263 decreased systemic arterial diastolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002843 decreased systemic arterial blood pressure abnormal decrease in the pressure in the arteries between heart beats when the heart is relaxed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006264 decreased systemic arterial systolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002843 decreased systemic arterial blood pressure abnormal decrease in the pressure in the arteries as the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006265 increased pulse pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003882 abnormal pulse pressure increase in the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006266 decreased pulse pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003882 abnormal pulse pressure decrease in the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006267 abnormal intercalated disk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology any structural anomaly in the electron dense junctional complex, at the end to end contacts of cardiac muscle cells, that contains two types of membrane junctions i.e. gap junctions and desmosomes; the intercalated discs permit communication between the cells such that there is a sequential contraction of the cells from the bottom of the ventricle to the top, facilitating maximal ejection of blood from the ventricle during contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006268 absent cardiac desmosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology absence of one type of membrane junctions found within the intercalated discs that provide mechanical integrity and prevent separation of adjacent cells during contraction of cardiac tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006269 abnormal mammary gland growth during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy anomaly in the extensive and rapid branching of the mammary ducts, expansion of mammary epithelium in the stroma between the ducts with or without abnormalities in nipple maturation in preparation for lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006270 abnormal mammary gland growth during lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000628 abnormal mammary gland development anomaly in the final stage of mammary growth that occurs during the start of lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006271 abnormal involution of the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000628 abnormal mammary gland development anomaly in the process during which mammary glands suspend milk protein production, the mammary alveolar structures collapse and secretory epithelial cells are lost http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006272 abnormal urine organic anion level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of organic anions in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006273 abnormal urine organic cation level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of organic cations in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006274 abnormal urine sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020889 abnormal sodium level any change in the amount of sodium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006277 abnormal parasympathetic nervous system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006276 abnormal autonomic nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands and generally acts to conserve resources and restore homeostasis, often with effects reciprocal to the sympathetic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006278 aortic aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010574 dilated aorta a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the aorta resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006280 abnormal digit development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006279 abnormal limb development anomaly in the formation of the digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006282 abnormal spinal cord dorsal horn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008503 abnormal spinal cord grey matter morphology any structural anomaly of the pronounced, dorsolaterally oriented ridge of grey matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006283 increased medulloblastoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009277 increased brain tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a solid, cancerous tumor originating in the cerebellum of the brain and of primitive neuroectodermal origin, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006284 absent hypaxial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003358 abnormal hypaxial muscle morphology absence of the muscles derived from the lateral myotome and lateral portion of the dermomyotome; these include the thoracic intercostal and abdominal muscles, limb muscles and superficial back muscles, as well as the diaphragm and the tip of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006285 absent inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology absence of all components of the labyrinth, including the semicircular canals, vestibule and cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006286 inner ear hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000026 abnormal inner ear morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the inner ear, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006287 inner ear cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in any component of the labyrinth, including the semicircular canals, vestibule and cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006288 small otic capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000039 abnormal otic capsule morphology reduced size of the cartilage or bony capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006289 otic capsule hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006288 small otic capsule decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the otic capsule, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006290 proboscis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape a long, cylindrical protuberance of the face that, in cyclopia or ethmocephaly, represents the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006291 aprosencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003232 abnormal forebrain development derivatives of the telencephalon and diencephalon are absent or dysplastic but more caudal brain structures are largely normal or only mildly deformed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006292 abnormal nasal placode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005499 abnormal olfactory system morphology any structural anomaly in the paired ectodermal placodes that come to lie in the bottom of the olfactory pits as the pits are deepened by the growth of the surrounding medial and lateral nasal processes; the nasal placode gives rise to the olfactory epithelium of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006293 absent nasal placodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006292 abnormal nasal placode morphology absence of the paired ectodermal placodes that come to lie in the bottom of the olfactory pits as the pits are deepened by the growth of the surrounding medial and lateral nasal processes; the nasal placode gives rise to the olfactory epithelium of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006294 absent optic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003425 abnormal optic vesicle formation absence of the hollow outgrowth from the lateral aspects of the embryonic forebrain from which the retina and optic nerve develop http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006295 absent sclerotome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006029 abnormal sclerotome morphology absence of the group of mesenchymal cells that emerge from the ventromedial part of a somite and migrate toward the notochord to give rise to the ribs and vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006296 arachnodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology the digits are abnormally long and slender http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006298 abnormal platelet activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005464 abnormal platelet physiology anomaly in the series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of platelets to signals from subendothelial tissue, including shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions; when carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006299 abnormal latent inhibition of conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in the impairment in a conditioned response seen after repeated unpaired presentations of the conditioned stimulus prior to pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006300 abnormal entorhinal cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004168 abnormal parahippocampal gyrus morphology any structural anomaly of the structure in the anterior parahippocampus that lies forward of the parahippocampal cortex and immediately medial to the perirhinal cortex, bounded superiorly by the hippocampus and inferiorly by the collateral sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006301 abnormal mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the loosely packed, unspecialized cells that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to connective tissue, bone, cartilage and circulatory and lymphatic systems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006302 abnormal ectomesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly in the mesenchymal cells derived from neural crest cells that contribute to development of the hard and soft tissue in the head and neck, including the branchial arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006303 abnormal retina nerve fiber layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006069 abnormal retina neuronal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of the retina formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006305 abnormal optic eminence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development any structural anomaly of the embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006306 abnormal nasal pit morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of one or both of a pair of depressions formed in the developing face that give rise to the rostral portion of the nasal meatus; the nasal pits indent the fronto-nasal process and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006308 enlarged seminiferous tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006307 abnormal seminiferous tubule size increased diameter of the tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006309 decreased retina ganglion cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008056 abnormal retina ganglion cell morphology reduced number of ganglion neurons located in the innermost nuclear layer of the retina of that receive visual information from photoreceptors via various intermediate cells such as bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and horizontal cells; axons from these cells form the optic nerve and connect mainly to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006310 increased retinoblastoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010303 increased retina tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant tumor of the retina composed of cells arising from the retinoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006316 increased urine sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006274 abnormal urine sodium level higher than normal amount of sodium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006317 decreased urine sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006274 abnormal urine sodium level lower than normal amount of sodium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006319 abnormal epididymal fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006320 abnormal interscapular fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue located between the scapulae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006321 increased myocardial fiber number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000278 abnormal myocardial fiber morphology increased number of the terminally differentiated, non-proliferative, cardiac muscle fibers, the multinucleated muscle cells of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006322 abnormal perichondrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous connective tissue that surrounds all non-joint end cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006323 abnormal extraembryonic mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology malformation of the mesoderm of the extraembryonic tissue that is involved in forming the amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and body stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006324 abnormal cochlear nerve fiber response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006335 abnormal hearing electrophysiology anomaly in the electrophysiological recordings from a single or several auditory nerve fiber(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006326 conductive hearing impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing reduction in the ability to hear due to lesions in the external auditory canal or middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006327 mixed hearing impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing reduced ability to hear resulting from a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006328 nonsyndromic hearing impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing a form of hearing impairment that is not associated with visible abnormalities of the external ear or other signs and symptoms; the vast majority of hereditary hearing loss is nonsyndromic and can be associated with abnormalities of the middle ear and/or inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006329 sensorineural hearing impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing a form of hearing impairment due to a lesion of the auditory division of cranial nerve VIII or the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006330 syndromic hearing impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006325 impaired hearing hearing impairment that is usually associated with malformations of the external ear and other inherited signs and symptoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006331 abnormal patterning of the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000042 abnormal organ of Corti morphology anomaly in the organization of the various cell types within the organ of Corti into a set number of distinct rows http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006332 abnormal cochlear potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006335 abnormal hearing electrophysiology anomaly in the evoked response of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006334 abnormal susceptibility to hearing loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001963 abnormal hearing physiology anomaly in the sensitivity to loss of hearing related to age or environmental factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006336 abnormal otoacoustic response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001963 abnormal hearing physiology anomaly in the acoustic energy produced by the cochlea in the presence or absence of sound stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006337 abnormal first pharyngeal arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the first arch which contributes to development of mastication muscles, maxilla, mandible, incus, malleus, Meckel's cartilage, trigeminal nerve, and maxillary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006338 abnormal second pharyngeal arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the second arch which contributes to the development of the stapes, styloid process, hyoid bone, stylohyoid ligament, muscles of facial expression, stapedius muscle, stylohyoid muscle, and lining of the palatine tonsils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006339 abnormal third pharyngeal arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the third arch which contributes to the development of the hyoid bone, stylopharyngeus muscle, inferior parathyroid gland, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006340 abnormal fourth pharyngeal arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the fourth arch which contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006341 small first pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006337 abnormal first pharyngeal arch morphology reduced size of the first branchial arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006342 absent first pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006337 abnormal first pharyngeal arch morphology absence of the structure of the first arch which contributes to development of mastication muscles, maxilla, mandible, incus, malleus, Meckel's cartilage, trigeminal nerve, and maxillary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006343 enlarged first pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030312 enlarged pharyngeal arch increased size of the first branchial arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006344 small second pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006338 abnormal second pharyngeal arch morphology reduced size of the second branchial arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006345 absent second pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006338 abnormal second pharyngeal arch morphology absence of the structure of the second arch which contributes to the development of the stapes, styloid process, hyoid bone, stylohyoid ligament, muscles of facial expression, stapedius muscle, stylohyoid muscle, and lining of the palatine tonsils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006347 abnormal sixth pharyngeal arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the sixth arch which contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006348 abnormal circulating copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006357 abnormal circulating mineral level any anomaly in the blood concentration of copper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006349 decreased circulating copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006348 abnormal circulating copper level less than the normal concentration of copper in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006350 increased circulating copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006348 abnormal circulating copper level greater than normal concentration of copper in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006351 abnormal glycosylated hemoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005563 abnormal hemoglobin content aberrant concentration in the blood of modified form of hemoglobin with an attached saccharide molecule; this is commonly used to estimate blood glucose levels over the lifespan of the red blood cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006352 decreased glycosylated hemoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006351 abnormal glycosylated hemoglobin level lower than normal blood concentration of a modified form of hemoglobin with an attached saccharide molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006353 increased glycosylated hemoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006351 abnormal glycosylated hemoglobin level greater than normal blood concentration of a modified form of hemoglobin with an attached saccharide molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006354 abnormal fourth pharyngeal arch artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006340 abnormal fourth pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the vessels formed within the fourth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006355 abnormal sixth pharyngeal arch artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006347 abnormal sixth pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the vessels formed within the sixth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006356 abnormal third pharyngeal arch artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006339 abnormal third pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the vessels formed within the third pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006358 absent pinna reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001485 abnormal pinna reflex complete failure to respond to an auditory stimulus by a characteristic ear twitch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006359 absent startle reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001486 abnormal startle reflex failure to respond to variable stimuli, often auditory; usually measured by amplitude of whole body flinch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006362 abnormal male germ cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002208 abnormal germ cell morphology any structural anomaly of male germ cells whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006363 absent auchene hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000405 abnormal auchene hair morphology absence of truncal hairs having a single constriction and bend about midway along the hair shaft, and contain two or more air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006364 absent awl hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000400 abnormal awl hair morphology absence of truncal hairs that are straight, but are shorter than guard hairs, and contain two or more air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006365 absent guard hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000397 abnormal guard hair morphology absence of the long, straight truncal hairs that contain two air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006366 absent zigzag hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000402 abnormal zigzag hair morphology absence of the truncal hairs that have two or more sharp bends with diameter constrictions at the bends, and contain one air cell in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006367 absent sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000674 abnormal sweat gland morphology absence of any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006369 supernumerary incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005358 abnormal incisor morphology more than the usual number of incisors, normally consisting of two pairs, top and bottom, of the long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006370 abnormal hair follicle pheomelanosome pheomelanin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013316 abnormal pheomelanosome pheomelanin content anomaly in the amount or distribution of yellow pigment in the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006371 absent hair follicle pheomelanosome pheomelanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006370 abnormal hair follicle pheomelanosome pheomelanin content yellow pigment is not present in pheomelanosomes of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006372 impaired placental function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010038 abnormal placenta physiology reduction in the ability of the placenta to supply nutrients or remove waste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006373 abnormal circulating angiotensinogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level anomaly in the concentration of the serum globulin formed by the liver that is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006375 increased circulating angiotensinogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006373 abnormal circulating angiotensinogen level greater than normal concentration of the serum globulin formed by the liver that is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006376 decreased circulating angiotensinogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006373 abnormal circulating angiotensinogen level less than normal concentration of the serum globulin formed by the liver that is cleaved by renin to form angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006377 abnormal vestibulocollic reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004742 abnormal vestibular system physiology any anomaly in the neural reflex which results from activation of afferents from the vestibular organs and uses neck movements to stabilize the head position in space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006378 abnormal spermatogonia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006362 abnormal male germ cell morphology any structural anomaly of the large unspecialized male germ cells that give rise to spermatocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006379 abnormal spermatocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006362 abnormal male germ cell morphology any structural anomaly of male germ cells that through meiosis give rise to spermatids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006380 abnormal spermatid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006362 abnormal male germ cell morphology any structural anomaly of the male germ cells that without further cell division give rise to mature spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006382 abnormal lung epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010942 abnormal respiratory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006383 abnormal cochlear frequency tuning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006335 abnormal hearing electrophysiology any anomaly in the frequency resolution of the cochlea, normally determined by the passive mechanical properties of the basilar membrane and active feedback from the outer hair cells which detect and amplify sound-induced basilar membrane motions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006384 enhanced cochlear frequency tuning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006383 abnormal cochlear frequency tuning increase in the sharpness of frequency resolution of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006386 absent somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001690 failure of somite differentiation absence of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006388 abnormal auditory summating potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006335 abnormal hearing electrophysiology any anomaly in the dc shift in the waveform sustained for the duration of a toneburst stimulus that represents the depolarization of sensory hair cells in the cochlea; positive summating potentials (SPs) reflect activity of basal turn hair cells while negative SPs are derived from hair cell activity in the apical turn; negative SPs tend to be obtained at low frequencies and low intensities of stimulus, while positive SPs are recorded in response to high frequencies and high intensities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006389 abnormal vestibular endolymph physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004885 abnormal endolymph physiology change in the normal production (volume) or ionic homeostasis of the fluid contained within the vestibule of the inner ear; unlike cochlear endolymph this fluid does not have a high potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006391 abnormal vestibular endolymph ionic homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006389 abnormal vestibular endolymph physiology anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of charged molecules in the vestibular endolymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006392 abnormal nucleus pulposus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology any structural anomaly of the jelly-like substance in the middle of the spinal disc which is a remnant of the notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006393 absent nucleus pulposus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006392 abnormal nucleus pulposus morphology missing the notochord remnant normally found in the center of the intervertebral disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006394 abnormal vertebral epiphyseal plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005225 abnormal vertebrae development any structural anomaly of the lateral cartilaginous centers of ossification; may be found on the lateral, upper, and/or lower surfaces of the vertebrae at different times during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006396 decreased long bone epiphyseal plate size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003055 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology reduced size of the cartilaginous center of ossification located at one or both ends of bones between the epiphysis (end) and the diaphysis (shaft) of long bones; longitudinal growth of the bone occurs at the plate during development in children and juveniles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006397 disorganized long bone epiphyseal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003055 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology a lack of the regular arrangement of the cells or zones of the epiphyseal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006398 increased long bone epiphyseal plate size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003055 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology greater than the normal size of the cartilaginous center of ossification located at one or both ends of bones between the epiphysis (end) and the diaphysis (shaft) of long bones; longitudinal growth of the bone occurs at the plate during development in children and juveniles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006399 abnormal long bone epiphyseal ossification zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003055 abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006400 decreased molar number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030608 decreased tooth number reduction in the number of the most posterior teeth located on either side of the jaw, and characterized by a large crown and broad chewing surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006401 absent male preputial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002717 abnormal male preputial gland morphology a lack of the sebaceous glands of the corona and neck of the glans penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006402 small molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030088 microdontia reduced size of the most posterior teeth located on either side of the jaw, and characterized by a large crown and broad chewing surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006403 abnormal cochlear endolymph ionic homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002630 abnormal endocochlear potential anomaly in the state of equilibrium in the cochlear endolymph with respect to charged molecules; cochlear endolymph is not only an unusual extracellular fluid for its high potassium ion and low sodium ion concentration but also for its low calcium ion concentration, high HCO3- concentration and low protein content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006405 abnormal L3 dorsal root ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006404 abnormal lumbar dorsal root ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the third lumbar vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006408 dorsal root ganglion hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000964 small dorsal root ganglion decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the dorsal root ganglion, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006409 vestibular ganglion hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003987 small vestibular ganglion decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vestibular ganglion, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006410 abnormal common myeloid progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of the hematopoietic stem cells that are capable of forming any of the myeloid lineage cells (erythrocytes, granulocytes, thrombocytes, monocytes, and mast cells) but not cells of the lymphoid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006411 upturned snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology muzzle has a curve or tilt such that the tip points upwards http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006412 abnormal T cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology change in the timing or the number of T cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006413 increased T cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006412 abnormal T cell apoptosis increase in the number of T cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006414 decreased T cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006412 abnormal T cell apoptosis decrease in the number of T cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006415 absent testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005644 agonadal absence of the male reproductive glands containing the germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006416 abnormal rete testis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology any structural anomaly of the network of canals at the termination of the straight tubules in the mediastinum testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006417 rete testis obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006416 abnormal rete testis morphology any impediment or blockage of the network of canals at the termination of the straight tubules in the mediastinum testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006418 abnormal testis cord formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003830 abnormal testis development any structural anomaly in the formation of the attachments derived from the primordial seminiferous cords that differentiate into seminiferous tubules in adolescence; defective testis cord formation is most likely to reflect abnormal function of either Sertoli cells or peritubular myoid (PTM) cells which normally cooperate to deposit a layer of basal lamina that defines the edges of individual testis cords http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006419 disorganized testis cords http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006418 abnormal testis cord formation derangement of the pattern of the attachments derived from the primordial seminiferous cords that differentiate into seminiferous tubules in adolescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006420 abnormal peritubular myoid cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002216 abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology any structural anomaly of the flattened smooth myoepithelial cells of mesodermal origin that lie just outside the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006421 decreased number of peritubular myoid cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006420 abnormal peritubular myoid cell morphology reduced number of the flattened smooth myoepithelial cells of mesodermal origin that lie just outside the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006422 increased mammary adenoacanthoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001883 increased mammary adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of malignant tumors in which some cells have undergone squamous metaplasia in the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006423 dilated rete testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006416 abnormal rete testis morphology an expansion in the volume or area of the network of canals located at the termination of the straight tubules in the mediastinum testis, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006424 absent testis cords http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006418 abnormal testis cord formation missing the attachments derived from the primordial seminiferous cords that differentiate into seminiferous tubules in adolescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006425 absent Mullerian ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003826 abnormal Mullerian duct morphology absence of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and in the female develop into the oviducts, uterus, and vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006426 Mullerian duct degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003826 abnormal Mullerian duct morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and in the female develop into the oviducts, uterus, and vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006427 ectopic Leydig cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002786 abnormal Leydig cell morphology abnormal position of the testosterone-secreting cells normally found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules, within the interstitium of the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006428 ectopic Sertoli cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002784 abnormal Sertoli cell morphology abnormal position of the supporting cells of the seminiferous tubule epithelium that create the blood-testes barrier and enable spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006429 abnormal hyaline cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000163 abnormal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the bluish-white, glassy, translucent nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue; found primarily in articular cartilage, costal cartilages, the nasal septum, the larynx, and the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006430 abnormal elastic cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000163 abnormal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue containing elastin fibers; found primarily in the epiglottis, external ear, and auditory tubes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006431 abnormal fibrocartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000163 abnormal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the nonvascular, resilient, flexible connective tissue containing thick bundles of collagenous fibers; found primarily in intervertebral disks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006432 abnormal costal cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology any structural anomaly of the nonvascular, resilient, flexible hyaline connective tissue that connects the end of a true rib to the sternum or the end of a false rib with the with the lower border of the costal cartilage above it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006433 abnormal articular cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the thin layer of smooth hyaline cartilage located on the joint surfaces of a bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008001 hypochlorhydria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion reduced hydrochloric acid content of the gastric secretions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008002 hyperchlorhydria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion increased hydrochloric acid content of the gastric secretions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008003 achlorhydria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric secretions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008004 abnormal stomach pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology anomaly in the function of the secretory and buffer systems of the stomach that control the relative acidity or alkalinity, as measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008005 decreased stomach pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008004 abnormal stomach pH change in the function of the secretory and buffer systems of the stomach that control the relative acidity or alkalinity, such that the acidity is increased, as indicated by the increased concentration of hydrogen ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008006 increased stomach pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008004 abnormal stomach pH change in the function of the secretory and buffer systems of the stomach that control the relative acidity or alkalinity, such that the acidity is decreased, as indicated by the decreased concentration of hydrogen ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008007 abnormal cellular replicative senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology anomaly in the process in which a cell progresses from its inception to the end of its lifespan, which occurs as the cell continues cycles of growth and division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008008 early cellular replicative senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008007 abnormal cellular replicative senescence increase in the progression of the process in which a cell progresses from its inception to the end of its lifespan, which occurs as the cell continues cycles of growth and division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008009 delayed cellular replicative senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008007 abnormal cellular replicative senescence slower progression of the process in which a cell progresses from its inception to the end of its lifespan, which occurs as the cell continues cycles of growth and division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008010 increased gastric adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010301 increased stomach tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008012 duodenum polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008011 intestine polyps development of numerous growths that are connected to and protrude from the mucous membrane of the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008013 cecum polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008011 intestine polyps development of numerous growths that are connected to and protrude from the mucous membrane of the cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008015 abnormal female inguinal canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003673 abnormal inguinal canal morphology any structural anomaly of the passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the round ligament, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to labia majora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008016 abnormal male inguinal canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003673 abnormal inguinal canal morphology any structural anomaly of the passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008017 inguinal cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more benign epithelial growths in the wall of the inguinal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008020 abnormal dermal mast cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of cells located in connective tissue of the dermis that contain numerous basophilic granules and release substances such as heparin and histamine in response to injury or inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008023 abnormal styloid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology any structural anomaly in the slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008024 absent lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology absence of the oval or bean shaped bodies located along the lymphatic system that consist of densely packed lymphocytes, lymph fluid and connective tissue; these are the sites where acquired immune responses are launched http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008025 brain vacuoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021002 brain lesion abnormal presence of fluid-filled vesicles in the soma of brain cells, often indicative of spongiosis or other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008027 abnormal spinal cord white matter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology any structural anomaly of the regions of the spinal cord that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008028 pregnancy-related premature death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002083 premature death death occurring before the normal life span of an organism, occurring during pregnancy, parturition or lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008029 abnormal paraxial mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006301 abnormal mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube; on segmentation, paraxial mesoderm forms the paired somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008030 abnormal Cajal-Retzius cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the distinct population of large, bipolar cells, distributed in a continuous band along the marginal zone of the cortex extending to the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008032 abnormal lipolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002118 abnormal lipid homeostasis anomaly in the process of the hydrolysis of fat into free fatty acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008033 impaired lipolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008032 abnormal lipolysis reduction in the rate of the hydrolysis of fat into free fatty acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008034 enhanced lipolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008032 abnormal lipolysis increase in the rate of the hydrolysis of fat into free fatty acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008035 behavioral arrest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001392 abnormal locomotor behavior locomotor activity is interrupted by sudden periods of no movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008036 abnormal NK T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012762 abnormal alpha-beta T cell morphology any structural anomaly of the distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008038 abnormal NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013762 abnormal effector T cell number deviation from the normal number of the distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008039 increased NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008038 abnormal NK T cell number greater number of the distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008040 decreased NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008038 abnormal NK T cell number reduced number of the distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008041 absent NK T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008040 decreased NK T cell number absence of the distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008042 abnormal NK T cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology any functional anomaly of the distinct lineage of T cells expressing natural killer cell markers and having T cell receptors characterized by the usage of a restricted repertoire of variable region gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008043 abnormal NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005068 abnormal NK cell morphology deviation in the number of lymphocytes that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors, and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008044 increased NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008043 abnormal NK cell number greater number of lymphocytes that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors, and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008045 decreased NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008043 abnormal NK cell number reduction in the number of lymphocytes that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors, and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008046 absent NK cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008045 decreased NK cell number absence of lymphocytes that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors, and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008047 absent uterine NK cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008876 decreased uterine NK cell number absence of a natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidua of the uterus, is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative, and is the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008048 abnormal memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010833 abnormal memory T cell morphology deviation from the normal number of distinctly differentiated long-lived T cells that have the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008049 increased memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008048 abnormal memory T cell number increase in the number of distinctly differentiated long-lived T cells that have the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008050 decreased memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008048 abnormal memory T cell number reduction in the number of distinctly differentiated long-lived T cells that have the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008051 abnormal memory T cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002444 abnormal T cell physiology any functional anomaly of the set of long-lived T cells differentiated from T cells activated by a specific antigen encountered during a past immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008053 abnormal NK cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005068 abnormal NK cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce mature lymphocytes that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors, and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008054 abnormal uterine NK cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010776 abnormal placenta metrial gland morphology any structural anomaly of a natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidual of the uterus, is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative, and is the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008055 increased urine osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002987 abnormal urine osmolality increase in the amount of ions in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008057 abnormal DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology any anomaly in the process whereby new strands of DNA are synthesized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008058 abnormal DNA repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology any anomaly in the process of restoring DNA after damage or replication error http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008059 abnormal podocyte foot process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the footlike extension of podocytes that interdigitate with one another to form the walls of the glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008060 abnormal podocyte slit diaphragm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008062 abnormal podocyte slit junction morphology any structural anomaly of the thin membrane that covers the podocyte filtration slit which allows small molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts to pass through while retaining larger macromolecules in the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008061 absent podocyte slit diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008060 abnormal podocyte slit diaphragm morphology absence of the thin membrane that covers the podocyte filtration slit which allows small molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts to pass through while retaining larger macromolecules in the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008062 abnormal podocyte slit junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the gaps between the interdigitated foot processes of the podocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008063 increased otic epithelial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009806 abnormal otic vesicle morphology increase in the number of otic epithelial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008064 decreased otic epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009806 abnormal otic vesicle morphology reduction in the expansion rate of the otic epithelial cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008065 short endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008066 small endolymphatic duct length reduction or truncation of the small membranous canal which connects with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passes through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminates in the endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008066 small endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006011 abnormal endolymphatic duct morphology reduced size of the small membranous canal which connects with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passes through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminates in the endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008067 retina ganglion cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008056 abnormal retina ganglion cell morphology degeneration or loss of ganglion neurons located in the innermost nuclear layer of the retina of that receive visual information from photoreceptors via various intermediate cells such as bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and horizontal cells; axons from these cells form the optic nerve and connect mainly to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008068 absent retina ganglion cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006309 decreased retina ganglion cell number absence of ganglion neurons located in the innermost nuclear layer of the retina of that receive visual information from photoreceptors via various intermediate cells such as bipolar cells, amacrine cells, and horizontal cells; axons from these cells form the optic nerve and connect mainly to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008069 abnormal joint mobility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031169 abnormal joint physiology anomaly in the ability to move joints in a full range of motion and with ease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008070 absent T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005018 decreased T cell number absence of the lymphocytes that are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and immune system regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008071 absent B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005017 decreased B cell number absence of lymphocytes that expresses membrane-bound antibody, and differentiate into antibody-secreting plasma cells and memory cells upon interaction with antigen; B cells are the primary lymphocyte responsible for humoral immunity, and are most effective against extracellular pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008072 absent double-negative T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005089 decreased double-negative T cell number absence of the subset of T cells found in the thymus that express neither CD4 nor CD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008073 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012763 abnormal alpha-beta T cell number anomaly in the number of the subset of T lymphocytes that carry the CD4 marker, recognize intravesicular peptides bound to MHC class-II molecules, and turn on antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008074 increased CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012764 increased alpha-beta T cell number greater number of the subset of T lymphocytes that carry the CD4 marker, recognize intravesicular peptides bound to MHC class-II molecules, and turn on antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008076 abnormal CD4-positive T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002432 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the subset of T lymphocytes that carry the CD4 marker, recognize intravesicular peptides bound to MHC class-II molecules, and turn on antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008077 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012763 abnormal alpha-beta T cell number anomaly in the number of the regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008078 increased CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012764 increased alpha-beta T cell number greater number of the regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008080 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005010 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha beta T cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008081 abnormal single-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002435 abnormal effector T cell morphology anomaly in the number of T cells bearing either CD4-positive or CD8-positive markers on their surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008082 increased single-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008081 abnormal single-positive T cell number greater number of T cells bearing either CD4 or CD8 markers on their surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008083 decreased single-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008081 abnormal single-positive T cell number reduced number of T cells bearing either CD4 or CD8 markers on their surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008085 abnormal T-helper 1 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number anomaly in the number of the subset of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production favors cellular immune responses and delayed type hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008086 increased T-helper 1 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013763 increased T-helper cell number greater number of the subset of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production favors cellular immune responses and delayed type hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008087 decreased T helper 1 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013764 decreased T-helper cell number reduced number of the subset of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production favors cellular immune responses and delayed type hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008088 abnormal T-helper 1 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008076 abnormal CD4-positive T cell differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the subset of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production favors cellular immune responses and delayed type hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008089 abnormal T-helper 2 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number anomaly in the number of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production promotes defense against extracellular parasites and humoral immune responses typical of allergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008090 increased T-helper 2 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013763 increased T-helper cell number greater number of the subset of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production promotes defense against extracellular parasites and humoral immune responses typical of allergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008091 decreased T-helper 2 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013764 decreased T-helper cell number reduction in the number of the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production promotes defense against extracellular parasites and humoral immune responses typical of allergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008092 abnormal T-helper 2 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008076 abnormal CD4-positive T cell differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the type of T-helper cell whose cytokine production promotes defense against extracellular parasites and humoral immune responses typical of allergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008093 abnormal memory B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002458 abnormal B cell number anomaly in the number of distinctly differentiated long-lived B cells that are readily activated upon reencounter of an antigenic determinant; memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008094 absent memory B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008729 decreased memory B cell number absence of distinctly differentiated long-lived B cells that are readily activated upon reencounter of an antigenic determinant; memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008095 abnormal memory B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002440 abnormal memory B cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce distinctly differentiated long-lived B cells that are readily activated upon reencounter of an antigenic determinant; memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008096 abnormal plasma cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002439 abnormal plasma cell morphology anomaly in the number of terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cells of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008097 increased plasma cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008210 increased mature B cell number greater number of terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cells of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008098 decreased plasma cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number reduced number of terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cells of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008099 abnormal plasma cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002439 abnormal plasma cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cells of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008100 absent plasma cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008098 decreased plasma cell number absence of the terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, short-lived cells of the B cell lineage devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008101 lymph node hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002217 small lymph nodes decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lymph nodes, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008102 lymph node hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000702 enlarged lymph nodes increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lymph nodes, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008103 amacrine cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005240 abnormal amacrine cell morphology a retrogressive impairment or destruction of one of the three types of interneurons found in the inner nuclear layer of the mature retina; they integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008104 abnormal amacrine cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005240 abnormal amacrine cell morphology anomaly in the number of one of the three types of interneurons found in the inner nuclear layer of the mature retina; they integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008105 increased amacrine cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008104 abnormal amacrine cell number increase in the number of one of the three types of interneurons found in the inner nuclear layer of the mature retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008106 decreased amacrine cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008104 abnormal amacrine cell number reduction in the number of one of the three types of interneurons found in the inner nuclear layer of the mature retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008107 absent retina horizontal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006068 abnormal retina horizontal cell morphology absence of the laterally interconnecting neurons in the outer plexiform layer of the retina that connect rods of one part of the retina with cones in another part of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology any structural anomaly of the tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008109 abnormal small intestinal microvillus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology any structural anomaly of the additional extensions of the villi of the small intestine which protrude from the apical surface of the epithelial cells lining the villi; the microvilli increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 600-fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008112 abnormal monocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002620 abnormal monocyte morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate bone marrow and released into the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008113 abnormal macrophage differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the large mononuclear phagocytes which differentiate from monocytes, are typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008114 abnormal Kupffer cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008989 abnormal liver sinusoid morphology any structural anomaly of the phagocytic macrophages residing on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008115 abnormal dendritic cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005461 abnormal dendritic cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008117 abnormal Langerhans cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006173 abnormal myeloid dendritic cell morphology any structural anomaly of a stellate dendritic cell of myeloid origin, that appears clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008118 absent Langerhans cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008119 decreased Langerhans cell number absence of stellate dendritic cells of myeloid origin, that appear clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008119 decreased Langerhans cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013411 abnormal Langerhans cell number reduction in the number of stellate dendritic cells of myeloid origin, that appear clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008120 abnormal myeloid dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number anomaly in the number of phagocytic cells of the myeloid lineage that capture antigens in the periphery and then migrate to the lymphoid organs and secrete cytokines to initiate immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008121 increased myeloid dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008126 increased dendritic cell number greater number of phagocytic cells of the myeloid lineage that capture antigens in the periphery and then migrate to the lymphoid organs and secrete cytokines to initiate immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008122 decreased myeloid dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008127 decreased dendritic cell number reduction in the number of phagocytic cells of the myeloid lineage that capture antigens in the periphery and then migrate to the lymphoid organs and secrete cytokines to initiate immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008123 abnormal plasmacytoid dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number anomaly in the number of phagocytic dendritic cells that are morphologically similar to plasma cells, but do not express B lineage markers, and produce large amounts of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-/) in response to viral and bacterial stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008124 decreased plasmacytoid dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008127 decreased dendritic cell number reduced number of phagocytic dendritic cells that are morphologically similar to plasma cells, but do not express B lineage markers, and produce large amounts of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-/) in response to viral and bacterial stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005461 abnormal dendritic cell morphology anomaly in the number of a cells of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008126 increased dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number greater number of a cells of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008127 decreased dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number reduction in the number of a cells of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008128 abnormal brain internal capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008026 abnormal brain white matter morphology any structural anomaly of the area of white matter in the brain that lies between the lenticular and caudate nuclei, and contains a group of myelinated ascending and descending axonal fiber tracts that connects the cerebral cortex to the brain stem and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008129 absent brain internal capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008128 abnormal brain internal capsule morphology absence of the area of white matter in the brain that lies between the lenticular and caudate nuclei, and contains a group of myelinated ascending and descending axonal fiber tracts that connects the cerebral cortex to the brain stem and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008130 abnormal pituitary intermediate lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000633 abnormal pituitary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008131 abnormal Peyer's patch number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000696 abnormal Peyer's patch morphology anomaly in the number of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008132 increased Peyer's patch number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008131 abnormal Peyer's patch number greater number of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008133 decreased Peyer's patch number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008131 abnormal Peyer's patch number reduction in the number of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008134 abnormal Peyer's patch size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000696 abnormal Peyer's patch morphology anomaly in the size of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008135 small Peyer's patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008134 abnormal Peyer's patch size reduced size of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008136 enlarged Peyer's patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008134 abnormal Peyer's patch size increased size of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008137 absent podocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011753 decreased podocyte number absence of a modified epithelial cell of the visceral layer of the Bowman capsule in the renal corpuscle; it has a small perikaryon and a number of primary and secondary foot processes that interdigitate with those of other podocytes and are attached to the outer surface of the glomerular capillary basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008138 absent podocyte foot process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008059 abnormal podocyte foot process morphology absence of the footlike extension of podocytes that interdigitate with one another to form the walls of the glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008139 fused podocyte foot processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008059 abnormal podocyte foot process morphology coalescence of the footlike extension of podocytes that interdigitate with one another to form the walls of the glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008140 podocyte foot process effacement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008059 abnormal podocyte foot process morphology a podocyte reaction to injury or damage characterized by flattening of foot processes due to gradual simplification of the interdigitating foot process; the whole podocyte looks flat due to retraction, widening, and shortening of the processes of each podocyte while the frequency of filtration slits is reduced, giving the appearance of a continuous cytoplasmic sheet covering the glomerular basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008141 decreased small intestinal microvillus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008109 abnormal small intestinal microvillus morphology reduced size of the additional extensions of the villi of the small intestine which protrude from the apical surface of the epithelial cells lining the villi; the microvilli increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 600-fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008142 decreased small intestinal villus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology reduced size of the tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008415 abnormal neurite morphology any structural anomaly of the highly branched tree-like process of a neuron that serves as a receptive field and conducts impulses toward the cell body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008144 nyctalopia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002001 blindness decreased ability to see clearly in reduced illumination; often due to a deficiency of vitamin A or to a retinal disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008145 hemeralopia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision reduced ability to see clearly in bright light with night vision remaining unchanged; often due to impaired retinal cone function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008146 asymmetric sternocostal joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008148 abnormal sternocostal joint morphology loss of bilateral symmetry in rib attachments to the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008147 asymmetric costovertebral joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008149 abnormal costovertebral joint morphology loss of bilateral symmetry in rib attachments to the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008148 abnormal sternocostal joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any anomaly in the normal joining of the ribs to the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008149 abnormal costovertebral joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any anomaly in the normal joining of the ribs to the vertebral column, these connections are made by costovertebral ligaments between the head of the rib and the body of the thoracic vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008150 decreased diameter of long bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology reduced width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of a long bone, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008151 increased diameter of long bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of a long bone, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008152 decreased diameter of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008150 decreased diameter of long bones reduced width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the femur, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008153 decreased diameter of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008150 decreased diameter of long bones reduced width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the fibula, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008154 decreased diameter of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008150 decreased diameter of long bones reduced width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the humerus, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008155 decreased diameter of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008150 decreased diameter of long bones reduced width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the radius, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008156 decreased diameter of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008150 decreased diameter of long bones reduced width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the tibia, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008157 decreased diameter of ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008150 decreased diameter of long bones reduced width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the ulna, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008158 increased diameter of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008151 increased diameter of long bones increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the femur, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008159 increased diameter of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008151 increased diameter of long bones increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the fibula, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008160 increased diameter of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008151 increased diameter of long bones increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the humerus, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008161 increased diameter of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008151 increased diameter of long bones increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the radius, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008162 increased diameter of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008151 increased diameter of long bones increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the tibia, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008163 increased diameter of ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008151 increased diameter of long bones increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the ulna, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008164 abnormal B-1a B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004940 abnormal B-1 B cell morphology any structural anomaly of the B-1 B cell subset bearing the CD5 surface marker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008165 abnormal B-1b B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004940 abnormal B-1 B cell morphology any structural anomaly of the B-1 B cell subset not bearing the CD5 surface marker, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008166 abnormal B-2 B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a conventional B cell subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008167 increased B-1a cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008164 abnormal B-1a B cell morphology greater number of the B-1 B cell subset bearing the CD5 surface marker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008168 decreased B-1a cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008164 abnormal B-1a B cell morphology reduced number of the B-1 B cell subset bearing the CD5 surface marker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008169 increased B-1b cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008165 abnormal B-1b B cell morphology greater number of the B-1 B cell subset not bearing the CD5 surface marker, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008170 decreased B-1b cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008165 abnormal B-1b B cell morphology reduced number of the B-1 B cell subset not bearing the CD5 surface marker, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008172 abnormal follicular B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a resting mature B cell with distinct phenotypic characteristics (CD23-positive, CD21-positive) found typically in the B cell follicle region of the spleen and lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008173 increased follicular B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008210 increased mature B cell number greater number of resting mature B cells with distinct phenotypic characteristics (CD23-positive, CD21-positive) found typically in the B cell follicle region of the spleen and lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008174 decreased follicular B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number reduced number of resting mature B cells with distinct phenotypic characteristics (CD23-positive, CD21-positive) found typically in the B cell follicle region of the spleen and lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008175 absent follicular B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008174 decreased follicular B cell number absence of resting mature B cells with distinct phenotypic characteristics (CD23-positive, CD21-positive) found typically in the B cell follicle region of the spleen and lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008176 abnormal germinal center B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a rapidly cycling mature B cell which have downregulated IgD expression and exhibit high levels of binding by peanut agglutinin (PNA), and are involved in T-dependent immune responses; germinal center B cells are found typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008177 increased germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013680 abnormal germinal center B cell number greater number of rapidly cycling mature B cells which have downregulated IgD expression and exhibit high levels of binding by peanut agglutinin (PNA), and are involved in T-dependent immune responses; germinal center B cells are found typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008178 decreased germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013680 abnormal germinal center B cell number reduced number of rapidly cycling mature B cells which have downregulated IgD expression and exhibit high levels of binding by peanut agglutinin (PNA), and are involved in T-dependent immune responses; germinal center B cells are found typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008179 absent germinal center B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008178 decreased germinal center B cell number absence of rapidly cycling mature B cells which have downregulated IgD expression and exhibit high levels of binding by peanut agglutinin (PNA), and are involved in T-dependent immune responses; germinal center B cells are found typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008180 abnormal marginal zone B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD23-negative, CD21-positive B cell of the marginal zone of the spleen expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008181 increased marginal zone B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008210 increased mature B cell number greater number of CD23-negative, CD21-positive B cells of the marginal zone of the spleen expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008182 decreased marginal zone B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number reduced number of CD23-negative, CD21-positive B cells of the marginal zone of the spleen expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008183 absent marginal zone B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008182 decreased marginal zone B cell number absence of CD23-negative, CD21-positive B cells of the marginal zone of the spleen expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008184 abnormal naive B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a mature B cell which has not yet been activated by antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008185 decreased naive B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008184 abnormal naive B cell morphology reduced number of mature B cells which have not yet been activated by antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008187 absent pro-B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008208 decreased pro-B cell number absence of the progenitor cells of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but are not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008188 abnormal transitional stage B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005022 abnormal immature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of an immature B cell of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature naive stage; transitional B cells express surface immunoglobulin, and are subject to the process of B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008189 increased transitional stage B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008214 increased immature B cell number greater number of immature B cells of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature naive stage; transitional B cells express surface immunoglobulin, and are subject to the process of B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008190 decreased transitional stage B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008215 decreased immature B cell number reduced number of immature B cells of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature naive stage; transitional B cells express surface immunoglobulin, and are subject to the process of B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008191 abnormal follicular B cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology abnormal function of a resting mature B cell with distinct phenotypic characteristics (CD23-positive, CD21-positive) found typically in the B cell follicle region of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008192 abnormal germinal center B cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology abnormal function of a rapidly cycling mature B cell which have downregulated IgD expression and exhibit high levels of binding by peanut agglutinin (PNA), and are involved in T-dependent immune responses; germinal center B cells are found typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008193 abnormal marginal zone B cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology abnormal function of a CD23-negative, CD21-positive B cell of the marginal zone of the spleen expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008194 abnormal memory B cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology abnormal function of a distinctly differentiated long-lived B cell that is readily activated upon reencounter of its antigenic determinant; memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008196 abnormal follicular dendritic cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000716 abnormal immune system cell morphology any structural anomaly of a cell with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue; follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, and hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008197 abnormal follicular dendritic cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001819 abnormal immune cell physiology abnormal function of a cell with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue; follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, and hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008198 abnormal follicular dendritic cell antigen presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008197 abnormal follicular dendritic cell physiology anomaly in the ability of follicular dendritic cells to process and present antigen to B lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008199 increased follicular dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008196 abnormal follicular dendritic cell morphology greater number of cells with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue; follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, and hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008200 decreased follicular dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008196 abnormal follicular dendritic cell morphology reduced number of cells with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue; follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, and hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008201 absent follicular dendritic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008200 decreased follicular dendritic cell number absence of cells with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue; follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, and hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008202 absent B-1 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004978 decreased B-1 B cell number absence of the subset of B cells found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and are enriched for self-reactivity; B-1 B cells are thought to be the primary source of natural IgM immunoglobulin, that is, IgM produced in large quantities without prior antigenic stimulation and generally reactive against various microorganisms, as well as the source of T-independent IgA immunoglobulin in the mucosal areas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008203 absent B-1a cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008202 absent B-1 B cells absence of the B-1 B cell subset bearing the CD5 surface marker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008204 absent B-1b cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008202 absent B-1 B cells absence of the B-1 B cell subset not bearing the CD5 surface marker, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008205 absent B-2 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008207 decreased B-2 B cell number absence of conventional B cells subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008206 increased B-2 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008210 increased mature B cell number greater number of conventional B cells subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008207 decreased B-2 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number reduced number of conventional B cells subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008208 decreased pro-B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005432 abnormal pro-B cell morphology reduced number of the progenitor cells of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but are not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008210 increased mature B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013701 abnormal mature B cell number greater number of the mature form of B cells, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013701 abnormal mature B cell number reduced number of the mature form of B cells, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008212 absent mature B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number absence of the mature form of a B cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008214 increased immature B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013664 abnormal immature B cell number greater number of the cells of the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the heavy chain and V-J rearrangement of the light chain; these cells express IgM on the cell surface but have not yet been selected for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008215 decreased immature B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013664 abnormal immature B cell number reduced number of the cells of the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the heavy chain and V-J rearrangement of the light chain; these cells express IgM on the cell surface but have not yet been selected for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008216 absent transitional stage B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008190 decreased transitional stage B cell number absence of immature B cells of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature naive stage; transitional B cells express surface immunoglobulin, and are subject to the process of B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008217 abnormal B cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology any anomaly in the normal change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell during an immune response, resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008218 delayed emergence of vibrissae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020982 abnormal skin adnexa development eruption of the vibrissae from the skin later than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008220 abnormal ventral commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002199 abnormal brain commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the fiber tracts that connect the ventral region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the anterior and the habenular commissures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008221 abnormal hippocampal commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008219 abnormal dorsal telencephalic commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008222 decreased hippocampal commissure size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008221 abnormal hippocampal commissure morphology reduced size of the triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008223 absent hippocampal commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008221 abnormal hippocampal commissure morphology absence of the triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008224 increased hippocampal commissure size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008221 abnormal hippocampal commissure morphology enlarged triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008220 abnormal ventral commissure morphology any structural anomaly of a round bundle of nerve fibers that crosses the midline of the brain near the anterior limit of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008226 decreased anterior commissure size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology reduced size of a round bundle of nerve fibers that crosses the midline of the brain near the anterior limit of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008227 absent anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology absence of a round bundle of nerve fibers that crosses the midline of the brain near the anterior limit of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008228 increased anterior commissure size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology enlarged round bundle of nerve fibers that crosses the midline of the brain near the anterior limit of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008231 abnormal habenular commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008220 abnormal ventral commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the connection between the right and left habenular nuclei; the decussation of fibers of the two striae medullares, forming the dorsal portion of the peduncle of the pineal body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008232 abnormal cingulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008026 abnormal brain white matter morphology any structural anomaly of the white matter fiber bundle that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008233 abnormal pro-B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005432 abnormal pro-B cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the progenitor cells of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but are not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008234 absent spleen marginal zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002362 abnormal spleen marginal zone morphology absence of the zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008235 increased susceptibility to neuronal excitotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008873 increased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic greater than normal amount of neuronal cell death following exposure to a neurotoxic compound, such as kainate-induced neuronal cell death mediated via a glutamate excitotoxic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008236 decreased susceptibility to neuronal excitotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008874 decreased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic less than normal amount of neuronal cell death following exposure to a neurotoxic compound, such as kainate-induced neuronal cell death mediated via a glutamate excitotoxic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008237 abnormal ventral coat pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation irregular or unusual pigmentation of ventrum hair in relation to control animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008238 abnormal dorsoventral coat patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation irregular or unusual pigmentation pattern of the dorsal-to-ventral axis compared to control animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008240 abnormal spleen marginal zone macrophage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology any structural anomaly of the cells present in the splenic marginal zone and are involved in the recognition and clearance of material, such as pathogen-derived material, from the splenic circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008241 abnormal metallophilic macrophage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology any structural anomaly of the macrophage cells that surround the white pulp of the spleen, adjacent to the marginal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008242 abnormal perivascular macrophage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology any structural anomaly of macrophages that line the small blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008243 abnormal macrophage derived foam cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009840 abnormal foam cell morphology any structural anomaly of a type of macrophage containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008244 abnormal peritoneal macrophage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology any structural anomaly of a mononuclear phagocyte that develops from bone marrow precursors but is resident in the peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008245 abnormal alveolar macrophage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010901 abnormal pulmonary alveolar parenchyma morphology any structural anomaly of the round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs which ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008249 abnormal common lymphocyte progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of a progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008251 abnormal phagocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008250 abnormal myeloid leukocyte morphology any structural anomaly of cells capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008252 abnormal multinucleated phagocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008251 abnormal phagocyte morphology any structural anomaly of a phagocyte formed by the fusion of mononuclear phagocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008253 absent megakaryocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008255 decreased megakaryocyte cell number absence of the giant 50 to 100 micron diameter cells with greatly lobulated nuclei found in the bone marrow; mature blood platelets are released from their cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008254 increased megakaryocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002417 abnormal megakaryocyte morphology greater number of the giant 50 to 100 micron diameter cells with greatly lobulated nuclei found in the bone marrow; mature blood platelets are released from their cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008255 decreased megakaryocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002417 abnormal megakaryocyte morphology reduced number of the giant 50 to 100 micron diameter cells with greatly lobulated nuclei found in the bone marrow; mature blood platelets are released from their cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008256 abnormal myometrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008257 thin myometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008256 abnormal myometrium morphology reduced thickness of the smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008258 thin endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004896 abnormal endometrium morphology reduced thickness of the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008259 abnormal optic disk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002864 abnormal ocular fundus morphology any structural anomaly of the area in the retina where all of the axons of the ganglion cells exit the retina to form the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008260 abnormal autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology abnormal catabolic process involving the degradation of a cell's own components through the lysosomal machinery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008261 arrest of male meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005169 abnormal male meiosis cessation of the progression of the process of nuclear division that results in sperm with one half the normal chromosome number of the original cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008262 abnormal hippocampus region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any structural anomaly of a part or parts of the hippocampus that have a particular function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008263 abnormal hippocampus CA1 region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008262 abnormal hippocampus region morphology any structural anomaly of a cytoarchitectural subregion of the Ammon's horn region of the hippocampal formation consisting primarily of pyramidal neurons; the pyramidal neurons of CA1 receive projections from pyramidal neurons of CA3 via the Schaffer collaterals and send outputs to the entorhinal cortex and to the subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008264 absent hippocampus CA1 region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008263 abnormal hippocampus CA1 region morphology missing the CA1 region of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008265 abnormal hippocampus CA2 region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008262 abnormal hippocampus region morphology any structural anomaly of the smallest cytoarchitectural subregion of the Ammon's horn region of the hippocampal formation, located between CA3 and CA1, comprised of pyramidal neurons receiving both Schaffer collateral and mossy fiber input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008266 absent hippocampus CA2 region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008265 abnormal hippocampus CA2 region morphology missing the CA2 region of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008267 abnormal hippocampus CA3 region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008262 abnormal hippocampus region morphology any structural anomaly in the region of the hippocampus proper bounded by the hilus of the dentate gyrus and area CA2, characterized by large pyramidal cells and a dense projection from dentate gyrus granule cell mossy fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008268 absent hippocampus CA3 region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008267 abnormal hippocampus CA3 region morphology missing the CA3 region of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008269 abnormal hippocampus CA4 region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008262 abnormal hippocampus region morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the hippocampal formation that is comprised of mossy cells that primarily receive inputs from granule cells in the dentate gyrus in the form of mossy fibers and from pyramidal cells in CA3, and send outputs into the dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008270 absent hippocampus CA4 region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008269 abnormal hippocampus CA4 region morphology missing the CA4 region of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008274 failure of bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification failure to initiate or a block in the process of the formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008275 failure of endochondral bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008274 failure of bone ossification failure to initiate or a block in the process of the formation of bone by the replacement of cartilage tissue with mineralized bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008276 failure of intramembranous bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008274 failure of bone ossification failure to initiate or a block in the process of the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collage-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified; intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones are formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008277 abnormal sternum ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008272 abnormal endochondral bone ossification anomaly in the process of the formation of the sternum bone by the replacement of cartilage tissue with mineralized bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008278 failure of sternum ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008277 abnormal sternum ossification failure to initiate or a block in the process of the formation of the sternum bone by the replacement of cartilage tissue with mineralized bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008279 arrest of spermiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001932 abnormal spermiogenesis block in the process by which a spermatid transforms into a functional spermatozoon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008280 abnormal male germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020362 abnormal male germ cell physiology change in the timing or the number of male germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008281 abnormal hippocampus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology anomaly in the size of the deep lying structure of the cerebrum involved with memory storage and spatial navigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008282 enlarged hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008281 abnormal hippocampus size increased size of the deep lying structure of the cerebrum involved with memory storage and spatial navigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008283 small hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008281 abnormal hippocampus size reduced size of the deep lying structure of the cerebrum involved with memory storage and spatial navigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008284 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000813 abnormal hippocampus layer morphology any structural anomaly of the cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the hippocampus in which pyramidal cells are predominant. Its location is superficial to the Stratum oriens; it is deep to the Stratum radiatum in area CA1 and area CA2 and deep to the Stratum lucidum in area CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008285 abnormal hippocampus granule cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000813 abnormal hippocampus layer morphology any structural anomaly in the layer of the hippocampus composed primarily of granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008286 abnormal hippocampus molecular cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000813 abnormal hippocampus layer morphology any structural anomaly of the cytoarchitectural region of the hippocampus consisting of a composite of the two outermost layers of the hippocampus, the Stratum lacunosum-moleculare and the Stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008287 abnormal subiculum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any structural anomaly of the transitional zone between the parahippocampal gyrus and the Ammon gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008290 absent adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology absence of the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008292 enlarged adrenocortical cell nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000646 enlarged adrenocortical cells nuclei of the cells of the cortex of the adrenal gland are larger than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008293 abnormal adrenal gland zona glomerulosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the narrow subcapsular outer zone of the adrenal cortex where aldosterone is produced http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008294 abnormal adrenal gland zona fasciculata morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol (hydrocortisone) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008295 abnormal adrenal gland zona reticularis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the inner zone of the adrenal cortex that produces the enzymes that convert pregnenolone, a 21-carbon steroid, to 19-carbon steroids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008296 abnormal adrenal gland x-zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the transient cortical layer juxtaposed to the medulla and the zona reticularis; in males, this zone rapidly involutes at the onset of puberty whereas this zone persists in females until the first pregnancy or later in adulthood in non-pregnant females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008297 retention of the adrenal gland x-zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014355 abnormal programmed cell death failure of the transient cortical layer juxtaposed to the medulla and the zona reticularis to degenerate after puberty in males or after pregnancy in females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008298 adrenergic chromaffin cell hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003834 abnormal adrenergic chromaffin cell morphology an increase in the number of the cells of the medulla of the adrenal gland that are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and that are responsible for epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008299 adrenal cortical hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the adrenal cortex, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008300 enlarged adrenal medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008289 abnormal adrenal medulla morphology increased size of the inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008301 adrenal medulla hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008300 enlarged adrenal medulla increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the adrenal medulla, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008302 thin adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology reduced thickness of the thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008303 early degeneration of the adrenal gland x-zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008296 abnormal adrenal gland x-zone morphology degeneration of the transient cortical layer juxtaposed to the medulla and the zona reticularis prior to the expected time; in males, this zone rapidly involutes at the onset of puberty whereas this zone persists in females until the first pregnancy or later in adulthood in non-pregnant females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008305 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology any functional anomaly in processes pertinent to the integrated function of the highly differentiated epithelial cells with distinctive morphological features that surround the hair cells in the organ of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008306 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008305 abnormal organ of Corti supporting cell physiology aberrant timing or any anomaly in the ability of supporting cells in the organ of Corti to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008307 short scala media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008308 small scala media reduced length of the spirally arranged membranous tube suspended within the cochlea, lying between and separating the scala vestibuli and scala tympani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008308 small scala media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology reduced size of the spirally arranged membranous tube suspended within the cochlea, lying between and separating the scala vestibuli and scala tympani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008309 dilated scala media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the spirally arranged membranous tube suspended within the cochlea, lying between and separating the scala vestibuli and scala tympani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008310 abnormal sympathetic preganglionic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a sympathetic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008311 abnormal parasympathetic preganglionic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001033 abnormal parasympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008312 abnormal sympathetic postganglionic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the noradrenergic and some adrenergic axonal fibers projecting from a sympathetic ganglion to an effector organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008313 abnormal parasympathetic postganglionic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001033 abnormal parasympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of any or all of the cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from a parasympathetic ganglion to an effector organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008314 abnormal pterygopalatine ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001034 abnormal parasympathetic ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the small parasympathetic ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008315 abnormal otic ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001096 abnormal glossopharyngeal ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the parotid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008318 abnormal splanchnic nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of the major nerves supplying sympathetic innervation to the abdomen, including the greater, lesser, and lowest (or smallest) splanchnic nerves that are formed by preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord, which pass through the paravertebral ganglia and then to the celiac ganglia and plexuses, and the lumbar splanchnic nerves carry fibers which pass through the lumbar paravertebral ganglia to the mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008319 abnormal sympathetic afferent fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of the fibers that conduct sensory nerve impulses from the viscera through the posterior dorsal roots into the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008320 absent adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology absence of the anterior part of the pituitary that secretes a variety of hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008321 small adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology reduced size of the anterior part of the pituitary that secretes a variety of hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008322 abnormal somatotroph morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008323 abnormal lactotroph morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008324 abnormal melanotroph morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008130 abnormal pituitary intermediate lobe morphology any structural anomaly of a cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone and other peptides from the post-translational processing of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008325 abnormal gonadotroph morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior pituitary cells that can produce both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008326 abnormal thyrotroph morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of an anterior pituitary cell that produces thyroid-stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008327 abnormal corticotroph morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of an anterior pituitary basophilic cell that produces adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008328 increased somatotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008322 abnormal somatotroph morphology greater number of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008329 decreased somatotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008322 abnormal somatotroph morphology reduced number of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008330 absent somatotrophs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008329 decreased somatotroph cell number absence of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008331 increased lactotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008323 abnormal lactotroph morphology greater number of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008332 decreased lactotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008323 abnormal lactotroph morphology reduced number of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008333 absent lactotrophs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008332 decreased lactotroph cell number absence of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008334 increased gonadotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008325 abnormal gonadotroph morphology greater number of the anterior pituitary cells that can produce both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008335 decreased gonadotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008325 abnormal gonadotroph morphology reduced number of the anterior pituitary cells that can produce both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008336 absent gonadotrophs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008335 decreased gonadotroph cell number absence of the anterior pituitary cells that can produce both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008337 increased thyrotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008326 abnormal thyrotroph morphology greater number of an anterior pituitary cell that produces thyroid-stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008338 decreased thyrotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008326 abnormal thyrotroph morphology reduced number of an anterior pituitary cell that produces thyroid-stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008339 absent thyrotrophs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008338 decreased thyrotroph cell number absence of an anterior pituitary cell that produces thyroid-stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008340 increased corticotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008327 abnormal corticotroph morphology greater number of an anterior pituitary basophilic cell that produces adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008341 decreased corticotroph cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008327 abnormal corticotroph morphology reduced number of an anterior pituitary basophilic cell that produces adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008342 absent corticotrophs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008341 decreased corticotroph cell number absence of an anterior pituitary basophilic cell that produces adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008343 abnormal gamma-delta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology any structural anomaly of an immature or mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008344 abnormal mature gamma-delta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008343 abnormal gamma-delta T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008345 abnormal gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008343 abnormal gamma-delta T cell morphology anomaly in the number of immature or mature T cells expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008346 increased gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008345 abnormal gamma-delta T cell number greater number of immature or mature T cells expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008347 decreased gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008345 abnormal gamma-delta T cell number reduced number of immature or mature T cells expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008348 absent gamma-delta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008347 decreased gamma-delta T cell number absence of immature or mature T cells expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008349 abnormal gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008894 abnormal intraepithelial T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a gamma-delta T cell present in columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008350 increased gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008895 abnormal intraepithelial T cell number greater number of a gamma-delta T cell present in columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008351 decreased gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008895 abnormal intraepithelial T cell number reduced number of a gamma-delta T cell present in columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008352 absent gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008351 decreased gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number absence of a gamma-delta T cell present in columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008353 increased mature gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008346 increased gamma-delta T cell number increased number of a mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008354 decreased mature gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008347 decreased gamma-delta T cell number reduced number of a mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008355 absent mature gamma-delta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008354 decreased mature gamma-delta T cell number absence of a mature T cell expressing an gamma-delta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008356 abnormal gamma-delta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008343 abnormal gamma-delta T cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce gamma-delta T cells, and/or accumulation of gamma-delta T cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008357 abnormal CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008349 abnormal gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008358 increased CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008357 abnormal CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology greater number of a CD4-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008359 decreased CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008357 abnormal CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology reduced number of a CD4-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008360 absent CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008359 decreased CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number absence of a CD4-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008361 abnormal CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008349 abnormal gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008362 increased CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008361 abnormal CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology greater number of a CD8-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008363 decreased CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008361 abnormal CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell morphology reduced number of a CD8-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008364 absent CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008363 decreased CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell number absence of a CD8-positive, gamma-delta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008365 adenohypophysis hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008321 small adenohypophysis decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the adenohypophysis, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008366 enlarged adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology increased size of the anterior part of the pituitary that secretes a variety of hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008367 absent pituitary intermediate lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008130 abnormal pituitary intermediate lobe morphology absence of the thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008368 small pituitary intermediate lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008130 abnormal pituitary intermediate lobe morphology reduced size of the thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008369 pituitary intermediate lobe hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008368 small pituitary intermediate lobe decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pituitary intermediate lobe, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008370 enlarged pituitary intermediate lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008130 abnormal pituitary intermediate lobe morphology increased size of the thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008371 pituitary intermediate lobe hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008370 enlarged pituitary intermediate lobe increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pituitary intermediate lobe, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008372 small malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030123 small middle ear ossicles reduced size of the largest of the three auditory ossicles, which resembles a club or hammer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008373 short malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008372 small malleus reduced length of the largest of the three auditory ossicles, which resembles a club or hammer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008374 abnormal malleus manubrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000029 abnormal malleus morphology any structural anomaly in the handle of the malleus, which extends downward, inward, and backward from the neck of the malleus and is embedded throughout its length in the tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008375 short malleus manubrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008376 small malleus manubrium reduced length of the handle of the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008376 small malleus manubrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008374 abnormal malleus manubrium morphology reduced size of the handle of the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008377 absent malleus manubrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008374 abnormal malleus manubrium morphology absence of the handle of the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008378 small malleus processus brevis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010324 abnormal malleus processus brevis morphology reduced size of the projection extending from the base of the manubrium of the malleus which contacts the upper part of the tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008379 absent malleus head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010325 abnormal malleus head morphology absence of the rounded portion of the malleus articulating with the body of the incus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008380 abnormal gonial bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000029 abnormal malleus morphology any structural anomaly of the investing bone that lies on the surface of the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008381 absent gonial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008380 abnormal gonial bone morphology absence of the investing bone that normally lies on the surface of the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008382 gonial bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030125 small gonial bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gonial bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008383 enlarged gonial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008380 abnormal gonial bone morphology increased size of the investing bone that lies on the surface of the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008384 absent nasal capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004726 abnormal nasal capsule morphology absence of the cartilage around the developing nasal cavity of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008385 absent basisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000106 abnormal basisphenoid bone morphology absence of the part of the base of the cranium found between the basioccipital and the presphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008386 absent styloid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008023 abnormal styloid process morphology absence of the slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone to join the tympanic portion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008387 hypochromic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001577 anemia hemoglobin deficiency resulting from a reduction in the concentration of hemoglobin in red cells, resulting in insufficient oxygenation of tissues and organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008388 hypochromic microcytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008387 hypochromic anemia hemoglobin deficiency resulting from a reduction in the concentration of hemoglobin in red cells, where the erythrocyte corpuscular volume is smaller than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008389 hypochromic macrocytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008387 hypochromic anemia hemoglobin deficiency resulting from a reduction in the concentration of hemoglobin in red cells, where the erythrocyte corpuscular volume is larger than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008390 abnormal primordial germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020363 abnormal germ cell physiology anomaly in the ability of the primordial germ cell population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008391 abnormal primordial germ cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002208 abnormal germ cell morphology any structural anomaly of a mesodermally-derived, most primitive undifferentiated sex cell, that originates in the allantois and migrates through the hindgut and into the gonadal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008392 decreased primordial germ cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008391 abnormal primordial germ cell morphology reduced number of a mesodermally-derived, most primitive undifferentiated sex cell, that originates in the allantois and migrates through the hindgut and into the gonadal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008393 absent primordial germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008392 decreased primordial germ cell number absence of a mesodermally-derived, most primitive undifferentiated sex cell, that originates in the allantois and migrates through the hindgut and into the gonadal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008394 increased primordial germ cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008391 abnormal primordial germ cell morphology greater number of a mesodermally-derived, most primitive undifferentiated sex cell, that originates in the allantois and migrates through the hindgut and into the gonadal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008395 abnormal osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004986 abnormal osteoblast morphology atypical production of or inability to produce skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008396 abnormal osteoclast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004982 abnormal osteoclast morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the specialized phagocytic cells associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008397 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004941 abnormal regulatory T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008398 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004941 abnormal regulatory T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008399 abnormal alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008894 abnormal intraepithelial T cell morphology any structural anomaly of an alpha-beta T cell present in columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008400 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008399 abnormal alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008401 abnormal CD8 positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008399 abnormal alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008402 increased cellular sensitivity to alkylating agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014040 increased cellular sensitivity to DNA damaging agents greater incidence of cell death following exposure to agents that cause DNA damage via the addition of alkyl groups to any or all of the bases of DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008403 decreased cellular sensitivity to alkylating agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014042 decreased cellular sensitivity to DNA damaging agents reduced incidence of cell death following exposure to agents that cause DNA damage via the addition of alkyl groups to any or all of the bases of DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008404 increased cellular sensitivity to methylmethanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008402 increased cellular sensitivity to alkylating agents greater incidence of cell death following exposure to methylmethanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008405 decreased cellular sensitivity to methylmethanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008403 decreased cellular sensitivity to alkylating agents reduced incidence of cell death following exposure to methylmethanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008406 increased cellular sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008412 increased cellular sensitivity to oxidative stress greater incidence of cell death following exposure to hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008407 decreased cellular sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008413 decreased cellular sensitivity to oxidative stress reduced incidence of cell death following exposure to hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008408 decreased cellular sensitivity to hydroxyurea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008403 decreased cellular sensitivity to alkylating agents reduced incidence of cell death following exposure to hydroxyurea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008409 increased cellular sensitivity to hydroxyurea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008402 increased cellular sensitivity to alkylating agents greater incidence of cell death following exposure to hydroxyurea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008410 increased cellular sensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008943 increased sensitivity to induced cell death greater incidence of cell death following exposure to ultraviolet irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008411 decreased cellular sensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008944 decreased sensitivity to induced cell death reduced incidence of cell death following exposure to ultraviolet irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008412 increased cellular sensitivity to oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008943 increased sensitivity to induced cell death greater incidence of cell death or enhanced production of reactive oxygen species after exposure to a variety of stress conditions including ionizing radiation, exposure to xenobiotics, inflammation, and phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008413 decreased cellular sensitivity to oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008944 decreased sensitivity to induced cell death reduced incidence of cell death or enhanced production of reactive oxygen species after exposure to a variety of stress conditions including ionizing radiation, exposure to xenobiotics, inflammation, and phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008414 abnormal spatial reference memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to recall spatial location information from previous encounters or training sessions in order to navigate or perform other behavior using such location cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008415 abnormal neurite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of a neuronal process, either a dendrite or an axon in vivo, or a filamentous projection from a neuron such as is seen in tissue culture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008416 increased somatotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008322 abnormal somatotroph morphology excessive growth or enlargement of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008417 decreased somatotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008322 abnormal somatotroph morphology reduced growth or small size of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008418 abnormal cutaneous elastic fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any structural anomaly of the slender connective tissue fiber in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that is composed of microfibrils and amorphous elastin and is characterized by great elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008419 abnormal cutaneous microfibril morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008418 abnormal cutaneous elastic fiber morphology any structural anomaly of the fiber-like strand of fibrillin that forms the scaffold of the cutaneous elastic fibers found in the extracellular matrix of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008420 increased thyrotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008326 abnormal thyrotroph morphology excessive growth or enlargement of an anterior pituitary cell that produces thyroid-stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008421 decreased thyrotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008326 abnormal thyrotroph morphology reduced growth or small size of an anterior pituitary cell that produces thyroid-stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008422 increased lactotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008323 abnormal lactotroph morphology excessive growth or enlargement of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008423 decreased lactotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008323 abnormal lactotroph morphology reduced growth or small size of an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008424 increased gonadotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008325 abnormal gonadotroph morphology excessive growth or enlargement of the anterior pituitary cells that can produce both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008425 decreased gonadotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008325 abnormal gonadotroph morphology reduced growth or small size of the anterior pituitary cells that can produce both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008426 increased corticotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008327 abnormal corticotroph morphology excessive growth or enlargement of an anterior pituitary basophilic cell that produces adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008427 decreased corticotroph cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008327 abnormal corticotroph morphology reduced growth or small size of an anterior pituitary basophilic cell that produces adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008428 abnormal spatial working memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the ability to spontaneously process spatial location information in order to navigate or perform other behavior using such location cues, without previous encounters or training at that location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008429 absent parotid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003452 abnormal parotid gland morphology absence of the largest of the major salivary glands situated below and in front of each ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008430 short temporal bone squamous part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030121 small temporal bone squamous part length reduction of the anterosuperior portion of the temporal bone that is thin, scale-like, and translucent and forms part of the lateral wall of the cranial vault http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008431 abnormal short-term spatial reference memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008414 abnormal spatial reference memory anomaly in the short-term memory for spatial location information that is established during the first few minutes after training or an encounter at that location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008432 abnormal long-term spatial reference memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008414 abnormal spatial reference memory anomaly in long-term memory for spatial location information that is consolidated over hours and days after training or an encounter at that location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008433 abnormal somatotroph cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008322 abnormal somatotroph morphology any structural anomaly of a somatotroph cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008434 small somatotroph cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008433 abnormal somatotroph cell nucleus decreased size of a somatotroph cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008435 large somatotroph cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008433 abnormal somatotroph cell nucleus increased size of a somatotroph cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008436 decreased somatotroph secretory granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008322 abnormal somatotroph morphology decreased number of vesicles derived from the golgi that contain somatotropin growth hormone to be released at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008437 absent somatotroph secretory granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008436 decreased somatotroph secretory granule number absence of vesicles derived from the golgi that contain somatotropin growth hormone to be released at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008438 abnormal cutaneous collagen fibril morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in skin strength and elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008439 abnormal cortical plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development any structural anomaly of the outer neural tube region in which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate along radial glia to form the adult cortical layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008440 abnormal subplate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development any structural anomaly of the transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008441 thin cortical plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008439 abnormal cortical plate morphology reduced thickness of the outer neural tube region in which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate along radial glia to form the adult cortical layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008442 disorganized cortical plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008439 abnormal cortical plate morphology derangement of the patterned arrangement of the cortical plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008443 absent subplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008440 abnormal subplate morphology absence of the transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008444 retina cone cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008450 retina photoreceptor degeneration a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of one of the photoreceptor cell types in the retina, in which the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008445 increased retina cone cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006070 increased retina photoreceptor cell number greater number of one of the photoreceptor cell types in the retina, in which the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008446 decreased retina cone cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001327 decreased retina photoreceptor cell number reduced number of one of the photoreceptor cell types in the retina, in which the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008447 absent retina cone cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008446 decreased retina cone cell number absence of one of the photoreceptor cell types in the retina, in which the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008448 abnormal retina cone cell inner segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal cone cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008449 abnormal retina cone cell outer segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal cone cell region in which the visual pigment rhodopsin is in invaginations of the cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008450 retina photoreceptor degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003224 neuron degeneration a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of a cell specialized to detect and transduce light, including rods and cones of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008451 retina rod cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008450 retina photoreceptor degeneration a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of one of the photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina, in which the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008452 increased retina rod cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006070 increased retina photoreceptor cell number greater number of one of the photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina, in which the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008453 decreased retina rod cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001327 decreased retina photoreceptor cell number reduced number of one of the photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina, in which the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008454 absent retina rod cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008453 decreased retina rod cell number absence of one of the photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina, in which the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008455 abnormal retina rod cell inner segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal rod cell region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008456 abnormal retina rod cell outer segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal rod cell region which contains stacks of membranous discs separate from the outer cell membrane that are rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008457 abnormal cortical intermediate zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development any structural anomaly of the region of the developing mammalian cortex that extends between the ventricular zone and the cortical plate (CP); normally, the IZ is a region of tangential migration of cells, and at midgestation, the lower part of the IZ develops into the subventricular zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008458 abnormal cortical ventricular zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development any structural anomaly of a transient region of the developing cerebral cortex that contains migrating neurons, radial glial cells, and a large population of cycling multipotent neural stem cells that generate newborn neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008459 abnormal circulating pancreatic peptide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level anomaly in the amount of the 36-amino acid pancreatic hormone in the blood that is secreted mainly by endocrine cells found at the periphery of the islets of Langerhans in response to ingestions, and regulates gastric secretion, gastric emptying, pancreatic enzyme secretion, and appetite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008460 absent dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology absence of the groups of sensory nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008461 left atrial isomerism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014319 abnormal heart atrium arrangement anomaly in the asymmetry of the cardiac atria such that atria on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the left side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008462 abnormal medium spiny neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004077 abnormal striatum morphology any structural anomaly of the inhibitory projection neurons located in the striatum that integrate glutamatergic signals arising from the cerebral cortex and thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008464 absent peripheral lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008463 abnormal peripheral lymph node morphology absence of the lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008465 absent mesenteric lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005232 abnormal mesenteric lymph node morphology absence of the lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008466 enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005232 abnormal mesenteric lymph node morphology increased size of the lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008467 absent proprioceptive neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004297 abnormal proprioceptive neuron morphology absence of the sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia that sense body position and send information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008468 absent muscle spindles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008486 decreased muscle spindle number absence of the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the amount of any of the macromolecules consisting of long chains of amino acids in peptide linkage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008471 abnormal spleen primary B follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008473 abnormal spleen follicular dendritic cell network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the enmeshed group of antigen presenting cells with extensive dendritic processes in the spleen B cell follicle that present antigen to B cells during an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008474 absent spleen germinal center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002359 abnormal spleen germinal center morphology absence of the area of the spleen secondary B follicle where rapid B-cell proliferation, somatic hypermutation, and selection for antigen binding occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008475 intermingled spleen red and white pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology no clear demarcation of the spleen red and white pulp tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008476 increased spleen red pulp amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002356 abnormal spleen red pulp morphology increase in the quantity of the parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008477 decreased spleen red pulp amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002356 abnormal spleen red pulp morphology reduction in the quantity of the parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008478 increased spleen white pulp amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology increase in the quantity of the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008479 decreased spleen white pulp amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002357 abnormal spleen white pulp morphology reduction in the quantity of the parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008480 absent eye pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001324 abnormal eye pigmentation absence of melanin (pigment) in the eye either due to absent melanocytes or failure of melanin synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008481 increased spleen germinal center number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002359 abnormal spleen germinal center morphology greater number of spleen secondary B follicles where rapid B-cell proliferation, somatic hypermutation, and selection for antigen binding occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008482 decreased spleen germinal center number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002359 abnormal spleen germinal center morphology reduced number of spleen secondary B follicles where rapid B-cell proliferation, somatic hypermutation, and selection for antigen binding occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008483 increased spleen germinal center size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002359 abnormal spleen germinal center morphology greater size of spleen secondary B follicles where rapid B-cell proliferation, somatic hypermutation, and selection for antigen binding occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008484 decreased spleen germinal center size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002359 abnormal spleen germinal center morphology reduced size of spleen secondary B follicles where rapid B-cell proliferation, somatic hypermutation, and selection for antigen binding occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008485 increased muscle spindle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004069 abnormal muscle spindle morphology greater number of the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008486 decreased muscle spindle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004069 abnormal muscle spindle morphology reduced number of the sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008489 slow postnatal weight gain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001732 postnatal growth retardation the weight gain over a span of postnatal developmental time is slower than controls, with or without ever attaining a similar weight to controls as adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008490 enlarged dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology increased size a group of sensory nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008491 dorsal root ganglion hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008490 enlarged dorsal root ganglion increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the dorsal root ganglion, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008492 dorsal root ganglion degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology retrogressive pathological change of a group of sensory nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008493 alpha-synuclein inclusion body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies formation of aggregates of the alpha-synuclein protein in neural and glial tissue; often seen in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008494 absence of all nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology absence of all of the horny plates covering the dorsal surface of the distal end of each terminal phalanx of the digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008495 decreased IgG1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020175 abnormal IgG1 level less than normal immunoglobulin class G1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008496 decreased IgG2a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020176 abnormal IgG2a level less than normal immunoglobulin class G2a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008497 decreased IgG2b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020177 abnormal IgG2b level less than normal immunoglobulin class G2b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008498 decreased IgG3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020179 abnormal IgG3 level less than normal immunoglobulin class G3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008499 increased IgG1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020175 abnormal IgG1 level greater than normal immunoglobulin class G1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008500 increased IgG2a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020176 abnormal IgG2a level greater than normal immunoglobulin class G2a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008501 increased IgG2b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020177 abnormal IgG2b level greater than normal immunoglobulin class G2b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008502 increased IgG3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020179 abnormal IgG3 level greater than normal immunoglobulin class G3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008505 absent adrenal chromaffin cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008504 abnormal adrenal chromaffin cell morphology absence of the neuroendocrine cells of the medulla of the adrenal gland that are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and that are responsible for epinephrine and norepinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008506 abnormal noradrenergic chromaffin cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008504 abnormal adrenal chromaffin cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neuroendocrine cells of the medulla of the adrenal gland that are innervated by the splanchnic nerve and that are responsible for norepinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008507 thin retina ganglion layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005241 abnormal retina ganglion layer morphology reduced thickness of the innermost nuclear layer of the retina, which contains neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008508 thick retina ganglion layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005241 abnormal retina ganglion layer morphology increased thickness of the innermost nuclear layer of the retina, which contains neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008509 disorganized retina ganglion layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005241 abnormal retina ganglion layer morphology derangement of the pattern of the innermost nuclear layer of the retina, which contains neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008510 absent retina ganglion layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005241 abnormal retina ganglion layer morphology absence of the innermost nuclear layer of the retina, which contains neurons that project axons through the optic nerve to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008511 thin retina inner nuclear layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011996 abnormal retina inner nuclear layer thickness reduced thickness of the retinal layer that contains the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008512 disorganized retina inner nuclear layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003733 abnormal retina inner nuclear layer morphology derangement of the normal pattern of the retinal layer that contains the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008513 thin retina inner plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003734 abnormal retina inner plexiform layer morphology reduced thickness of the retinal cell layer where bipolar and amacrine cell axons synapse with ganglion cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008514 absent retina inner plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003734 abnormal retina inner plexiform layer morphology absence of the retinal cell layer where bipolar and amacrine cell axons synapse with ganglion cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008515 thin retina outer nuclear layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011997 abnormal retina outer nuclear layer thickness reduced thickness of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008516 disorganized retina outer nuclear layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003731 abnormal retina outer nuclear layer morphology derangement of the normal pattern of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008517 thick retina outer nuclear layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011997 abnormal retina outer nuclear layer thickness increased thickness of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008518 retina outer nuclear layer degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003731 abnormal retina outer nuclear layer morphology a retrogressive impairment or destruction of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008519 thin retina outer plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003732 abnormal retina outer plexiform layer morphology reduced thickness of the retinal layer that is the site of synapses between the rods and cones (axons) and the horizontal and bipolar cells (dendrites) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008520 disorganized retina outer plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003732 abnormal retina outer plexiform layer morphology a derangement of the normal pattern of the retinal layer that is the site of synapses between the rods and cones (axons) and the horizontal and bipolar cells (dendrites) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008521 abnormal Bowman membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of acellular matrix that lies beneath the corneal epithelium and above the corneal stroma, consists of randomly arranged collagen fibers in a condensed bed of intercellular substance, and provides stability and strength to the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008522 abnormal lymph node germinal center morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002346 abnormal lymph node secondary follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the area of the lymph node secondary follicle where antigen-activated B-cell blasts are stimulated by antigens and proliferate, with the immunoglobulin genes undergoing somatic hypermutation, before the cells migrate away as plasma cells or memory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008523 absent lymph node germinal center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008522 abnormal lymph node germinal center morphology absence of the area of the lymph node secondary follicle where antigen-activated B-cell blasts are stimulated by antigens and proliferate, with the immunoglobulin genes undergoing somatic hypermutation, before the cells migrate away as plasma cells or memory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008524 increased plasmacytoid dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008126 increased dendritic cell number greater number of phagocytic dendritic cells that are morphologically similar to plasma cells, but do not express B lineage markers, and produce large amounts of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-/) in response to viral and bacterial stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008525 decreased cranium height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size decrease in the rostral-caudal distance between the cranial base and the upper domelike portion of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008526 decreased cranium width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size having a decreased side-to-side, or lateral distance of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008527 embryonic lethality at implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013292 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis death due to failure of implantation (Mus: E4.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008528 polycystic kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003675 kidney cyst presence of multiple fluid-filled cysts in one or both kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008529 enlarged optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology increased size of the second cranial nerve which is responsible for conveying visual information from the retina to the brain; it extends from the retina to the optic chiasma where part of its fibers become the optic tract and cross to the opposite side and pass to the geniculate bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008530 abnormal rostral-caudal patterning of the somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005221 abnormal rostral-caudal axis patterning anomaly in the developmental pattern of the somites along the axis that runs from the rostral to the caudal region of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008531 increased chemical nociceptive threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003043 hypoalgesia a greater than average concentration at which chemically induced pain sensation is first detectable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008532 decreased chemical nociceptive threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005407 hyperalgesia a lower than average concentration at which chemically induced pain sensation is first detectable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008533 abnormal anterior visceral endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011186 abnormal visceral endoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008534 enlarged fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011380 enlarged brain ventricles increased size of the irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind; it is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008535 enlarged lateral ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011380 enlarged brain ventricles increased size of the cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube; they are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008536 enlarged third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011380 enlarged brain ventricles increased size of the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami; its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma; it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008537 increased susceptibility to induced colitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013296 abnormal susceptibility to induced colitis increased severity or induction threshold of colitis upon treatment of an organism with intestinal inflammation agents such as dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008538 decreased zigzag hair amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000402 abnormal zigzag hair morphology reduced number of the truncal hairs that have two or more sharp bends with diameter constrictions at the bends, and contain one air cell in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008539 decreased susceptibility to induced colitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013296 abnormal susceptibility to induced colitis decreased severity or induction threshold of colitis upon treatment of an organism with intestinal inflammation agents such as dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008541 leukostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002442 abnormal leukocyte physiology abnormal intravascular leukocyte aggregation and clumping most commonly seen in the brain and lungs of organisms with leukemia, often with an excess of leukocytes in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008542 enlarged cervical lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002351 abnormal cervical lymph node morphology increased size of the lymph nodes found near the neck and shoulders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008543 atrial fibrillation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006109 fibrillation asynchronous contraction or quivering of individual cardiac muscle fibers in the atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008544 impaired olfaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001984 abnormal olfaction reduced ability to detect odors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008545 absent sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology absence of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon that provides sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008546 abnormal vesicle-mediated transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology anomaly in the directed movement of substances, either within a vesicle or in the vesicle membrane, into, out of or within a cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008547 abnormal neocortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the larger part of the mammalian cerebral cortex, distinguished from the allocortex by being composed of a larger number of nerve cells arranged in six layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008548 abnormal circulating interferon level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010210 abnormal circulating cytokine level anomaly in the amount in the blood of proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers; they confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008549 abnormal circulating interferon-alpha level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008548 abnormal circulating interferon level anomaly in the amount in the blood of one of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells that has antiviral activity and activates natural killer cells and B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008550 abnormal circulating interferon-beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008548 abnormal circulating interferon level anomaly in the amount in the blood of one of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulating activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008551 abnormal circulating interferon-gamma level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008548 abnormal circulating interferon level anomaly in the amount in the blood of the major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes that is involved in immunoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008552 abnormal circulating tumor necrosis factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010210 abnormal circulating cytokine level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008553 increased circulating tumor necrosis factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008552 abnormal circulating tumor necrosis factor level greater amount in the blood of a serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008554 decreased circulating tumor necrosis factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008552 abnormal circulating tumor necrosis factor level reduction in the amount in the blood of a serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008555 abnormal interferon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003009 abnormal cytokine secretion anomaly in the production or release of proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers; they confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008556 abnormal tumor necrosis factor secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003009 abnormal cytokine secretion anomaly in the production or release of a serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008557 abnormal interferon-alpha secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008555 abnormal interferon secretion anomaly in the production or release of one of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells that has antiviral activity and activates natural killer cells and B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008558 abnormal interferon-beta secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008555 abnormal interferon secretion anomaly in the production or release of one of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulating activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008559 abnormal interferon-gamma secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008555 abnormal interferon secretion anomaly in the production or release of the major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes that is involved in immunoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008560 increased tumor necrosis factor secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008556 abnormal tumor necrosis factor secretion increase in the production or release of a serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008561 decreased tumor necrosis factor secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008556 abnormal tumor necrosis factor secretion reduction in the production or release of a serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008562 increased interferon-alpha secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008557 abnormal interferon-alpha secretion increase in the production or release of one of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells that has antiviral activity and activates natural killer cells and B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008563 decreased interferon-alpha secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008557 abnormal interferon-alpha secretion decrease in the production or release of one of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells that has antiviral activity and activates natural killer cells and B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008564 increased interferon-beta secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008558 abnormal interferon-beta secretion increase in the production or release of one of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulating activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008565 decreased interferon-beta secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008558 abnormal interferon-beta secretion reduction in the production or release of one of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulating activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008566 increased interferon-gamma secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008559 abnormal interferon-gamma secretion increase in the production or release of the major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes that is involved in immunoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008567 decreased interferon-gamma secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008559 abnormal interferon-gamma secretion reduction in the production or release of the major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes that is involved in immunoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003009 abnormal cytokine secretion anomaly in the production or cellular release of soluble factors which stimulate growth-related activities of leukocytes and other cell types, that can act to enhance cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA synthesis, secretion of other biologically active molecules and responses to immune and inflammatory stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008569 lethality at weaning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival premature death at weaning age, often due to the inability to make the transition to solid food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008570 lipidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level abnormal fat metabolism with increased accumulation of specific lipids in tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008571 abnormal synaptic bouton morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the knoblike enlargements along the course of axons, or more commonly at the distal terminations of axons which are specialized for the release of neurotransmitters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008572 abnormal Purkinje cell dendrite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology any structural anomaly of the Purkinje cell body projections with hundreds of parallel spiny branches reaching up into the molecular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008573 increased circulating interferon-alpha level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008549 abnormal circulating interferon-alpha level increase in the amount in the blood of one of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells that has antiviral activity and activates natural killer cells and B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008574 decreased circulating interferon-alpha level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008549 abnormal circulating interferon-alpha level reduction in the amount in the blood of one of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells that has antiviral activity and activates natural killer cells and B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008575 increased circulating interferon-beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008550 abnormal circulating interferon-beta level increase in the amount in the blood of one of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulating activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008576 decreased circulating interferon-beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008550 abnormal circulating interferon-beta level reduction in the amount in the blood of one of the type I interferons produced by fibroblasts in response to stimulation by live or inactivated virus or by double-stranded RNA with antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulating activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008577 increased circulating interferon-gamma level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008551 abnormal circulating interferon-gamma level increase in the amount in the blood of the major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes that is involved in immunoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008578 decreased circulating interferon-gamma level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008551 abnormal circulating interferon-gamma level reduction in the amount in the blood of the major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated lymphocytes that is involved in immunoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008579 abnormal Purkinje cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation atypical production of or inability to produce the neurons located at the interface of the molecular and internal granule layers of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008580 photoreceptor inner segment degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology retrogressive pathologic change in the photoreceptor region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008581 disorganized photoreceptor inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology derangement of the pattern of the photoreceptor region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008582 short photoreceptor inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology decreased length of the photoreceptor region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008583 absent photoreceptor inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology absence of the photoreceptor region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008584 photoreceptor outer segment degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology retrogressive pathologic change in the photoreceptor region that is rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008585 absent photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020815 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment number absence of the photoreceptor region that is rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008586 disorganized photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology derangement of the pattern of the photoreceptor region that is rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008587 short photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020811 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment size decreased length of the photoreceptor region that is rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010210 abnormal circulating cytokine level anomaly in the amount in the blood of soluble factors which stimulate growth-related activities of leukocytes as well as other cell types; they enhance cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA synthesis, secretion of other biologically active molecules and responses to immune and inflammatory stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008589 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a soluble factor produced by monocytes, macrophages and other cells, which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008590 abnormal circulating interleukin-10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-cells, monocytes, dendritic cells and epithelial cells that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008591 increased circulating interleukin-1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008589 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 level increase in the amount in the blood of a soluble factor produced by monocytes, macrophages and other cells, which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008592 decreased circulating interleukin-1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008589 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a soluble factor produced by monocytes, macrophages and other cells, which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008593 increased circulating interleukin-10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008590 abnormal circulating interleukin-10 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-cells, monocytes, dendritic cells and epithelial cells that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008594 decreased circulating interleukin-10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008590 abnormal circulating interleukin-10 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-cells, monocytes, dendritic cells and epithelial cells that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008595 abnormal circulating interleukin-6 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-cells and is also a growth factor for hybridomas and plasmacytomas, and is produced by many different cells including T-cells, monocytes and fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008596 increased circulating interleukin-6 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008595 abnormal circulating interleukin-6 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-cells and is also a growth factor for hybridomas and plasmacytomas, and is produced by many different cells including T-cells, monocytes and fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008597 decreased circulating interleukin-6 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008595 abnormal circulating interleukin-6 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-cells and is also a growth factor for hybridomas and plasmacytomas, and is produced by many different cells including T-cells, monocytes and fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008598 abnormal circulating interleukin-2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-cells which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008599 increased circulating interleukin-2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008598 abnormal circulating interleukin-2 level increase in the amount in the blood of a soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-cells which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008600 decreased circulating interleukin-2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008598 abnormal circulating interleukin-2 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-cells which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008601 abnormal circulating interleukin-4 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a soluble factor produced by activated T-cells that induces the expression of MHC class II genes and FC receptors on B-cells and causes their proliferation and differentiation; it also acts on T-cells, mast cells and several other hematopoietic lineage cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008602 increased circulating interleukin-4 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008601 abnormal circulating interleukin-4 level increase in the amount in the blood of a soluble factor produced by activated T-cells that induces the expression of MHC class II genes and FC receptors on B-cells and causes their proliferation and differentiation; it also acts on T-cells, mast cells and several other hematopoietic lineage cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008603 decreased circulating interleukin-4 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008601 abnormal circulating interleukin-4 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a soluble factor produced by activated T-cells that induces the expression of MHC class II genes and FC receptors on B-cells and causes their proliferation and differentiation; it also acts on T-cells, mast cells and several other hematopoietic lineage cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008604 abnormal circulating interleukin-7 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells that promotes the growth of B-cell precursors and is co-mitogenic with interleukin-2 for mature T-cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008605 increased circulating interleukin-7 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008604 abnormal circulating interleukin-7 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells that promotes the growth of B-cell precursors and is co-mitogenic with interleukin-2 for mature T-cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008606 decreased circulating interleukin-7 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008604 abnormal circulating interleukin-7 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells that promotes the growth of B-cell precursors and is co-mitogenic with interleukin-2 for mature T-cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008607 abnormal circulating interleukin-13 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine synthesized by T-cells that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-cells, and appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008608 increased circulating interleukin-13 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008607 abnormal circulating interleukin-13 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine synthesized by T-cells that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-cells, and appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008609 decreased circulating interleukin-13 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008607 abnormal circulating interleukin-13 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine synthesized by T-cells that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-cells, and appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008610 abnormal circulating interleukin-15 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-cells and can induce proliferation and differentiation of B-cells; interleukin-15 shares biological activities with interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008611 increased circulating interleukin-15 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008610 abnormal circulating interleukin-15 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-cells and can induce proliferation and differentiation of B-cells; interleukin-15 shares biological activities with interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008612 decreased circulating interleukin-15 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008610 abnormal circulating interleukin-15 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-cells and can induce proliferation and differentiation of B-cells; interleukin-15 shares biological activities with interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008613 abnormal circulating interleukin-17 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a proinflammatory cytokine produced primarily by T-cells or their precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008614 increased circulating interleukin-17 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008613 abnormal circulating interleukin-17 level increase in the amount in the blood of a proinflammatory cytokine produced primarily by T-cells or their precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008615 decreased circulating interleukin-17 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008613 abnormal circulating interleukin-17 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a proinflammatory cytokine produced primarily by T-cells or their precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008616 abnormal circulating interleukin-12 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells and plays a role in the stimulation of interferon-gamma production by T-cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008617 increased circulating interleukin-12 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008616 abnormal circulating interleukin-12 level increase in the amount in the blood of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells and plays a role in the stimulation of interferon-gamma production by T-cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008618 decreased circulating interleukin-12 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008616 abnormal circulating interleukin-12 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells and plays a role in the stimulation of interferon-gamma production by T-cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008619 abnormal circulating interleukin-23 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008620 increased circulating interleukin-23 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008619 abnormal circulating interleukin-23 level increase in the amount in the blood of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008621 decreased circulating interleukin-23 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008619 abnormal circulating interleukin-23 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008622 abnormal circulating interleukin-3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a multilineage cell growth factor secreted by lymphocytes, epithelial cells and astrocytes which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008623 increased circulating interleukin-3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008622 abnormal circulating interleukin-3 level increase in the amount in the blood of a multilineage cell growth factor secreted by lymphocytes, epithelial cells and astrocytes which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008624 decreased circulating interleukin-3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008622 abnormal circulating interleukin-3 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a multilineage cell growth factor secreted by lymphocytes, epithelial cells and astrocytes which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008625 abnormal circulating interleukin-5 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of eosinophils; it also triggers activated B-cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin-secreting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008626 increased circulating interleukin-5 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008625 abnormal circulating interleukin-5 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of eosinophils; it also triggers activated B-cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin-secreting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008627 decreased circulating interleukin-5 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008625 abnormal circulating interleukin-5 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of eosinophils; it also triggers activated B-cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin-secreting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008628 abnormal circulating interleukin-9 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a multifunctional cytokine secreted by primarily by activated TH2 cells that may play a role as a regulator of allergic inflammation, and has been shown to enhance the growth and differentiation of mast cells, and can act on a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008629 increased circulating interleukin-9 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008628 abnormal circulating interleukin-9 level increase in the amount in the blood of a multifunctional cytokine secreted by primarily by activated TH2 cells that may play a role as a regulator of allergic inflammation, and has been shown to enhance the growth and differentiation of mast cells, and can act on a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008630 decreased circulating interleukin-9 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008628 abnormal circulating interleukin-9 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a multifunctional cytokine secreted by primarily by activated TH2 cells that may play a role as a regulator of allergic inflammation, and has been shown to enhance the growth and differentiation of mast cells, and can act on a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008631 abnormal circulating interleukin-16 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by activated T-cells that stimulates the migration of CD4-positive lymphocytes and monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008632 increased circulating interleukin-16 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008631 abnormal circulating interleukin-16 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by activated T-cells that stimulates the migration of CD4-positive lymphocytes and monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008633 decreased circulating interleukin-16 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008631 abnormal circulating interleukin-16 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine produced by activated T-cells that stimulates the migration of CD4-positive lymphocytes and monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008634 abnormal circulating interleukin-18 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a cytokine which enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and cytotoxic T-cells and appears to play a role both as neuroimmunomodulator and in the induction of mucosal immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008635 increased circulating interleukin-18 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008634 abnormal circulating interleukin-18 level increase in the amount in the blood of a cytokine which enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and cytotoxic T-cells and appears to play a role both as neuroimmunomodulator and in the induction of mucosal immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008636 decreased circulating interleukin-18 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008634 abnormal circulating interleukin-18 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a cytokine which enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and cytotoxic T-cells and appears to play a role both as neuroimmunomodulator and in the induction of mucosal immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008637 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 alpha level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008589 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 level anomaly in the amount in the blood of an interleukin-1 subtype that occurs as a membrane-bound pro-protein form that is cleaved by proteases to form a secreted mature form; both membrane-bound and secreted forms of interleukin-1alpha are biologically active http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008638 increased circulating interleukin-1 alpha level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008637 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 alpha level increase in the amount in the blood of an interleukin-1 subtype that occurs as a membrane-bound pro-protein form that is cleaved by proteases to form a secreted mature form; both membrane-bound and secreted forms of interleukin-1alpha are biologically active http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008639 decreased circulating interleukin-1 alpha level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008637 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 alpha level reduction in the amount in the blood of an interleukin-1 subtype that occurs as a membrane-bound pro-protein form that is cleaved by proteases to form a secreted mature form; both membrane-bound and secreted forms of interleukin-1alpha are biologically active http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008640 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008589 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 level anomaly in the amount in the blood of an interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein on monocytes, macrophages and other cells; proteolytic processing of the precursor form by caspase 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008641 increased circulating interleukin-1 beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008640 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 beta level increased in the amount in the blood of an interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein on monocytes, macrophages and other cells; proteolytic processing of the precursor form by caspase 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008642 decreased circulating interleukin-1 beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008640 abnormal circulating interleukin-1 beta level reduction in the amount in the blood of an interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein on monocytes, macrophages and other cells; proteolytic processing of the precursor form by caspase 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008643 abnormal circulating interleukin-12a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008616 abnormal circulating interleukin-12 level anomaly in the amount in the blood of the p35 subunit of interleukin-12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008644 increased circulating interleukin-12a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008643 abnormal circulating interleukin-12a level increase in the amount in the blood of the p35 subunit of interleukin-12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008645 decreased circulating interleukin-12a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008643 abnormal circulating interleukin-12a level reduction in the amount in the blood of the p35 subunit of interleukin-12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008646 abnormal circulating interleukin-12b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of the p40 cytokine subunit that is a component of both interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008647 increased circulating interleukin-12b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008646 abnormal circulating interleukin-12b level increase in the amount in the blood of the p40 cytokine subunit that is a component of both interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008648 decreased circulating interleukin-12b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008646 abnormal circulating interleukin-12b level reduction in the amount in the blood of the p40 cytokine subunit that is a component of both interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008649 abnormal circulating interleukin-23a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008619 abnormal circulating interleukin-23 level anomaly in the amount in the blood of the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008650 abnormal interleukin-1 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a soluble factor produced by monocytes, macrophages and other cells, which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008651 increased interleukin-1 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008650 abnormal interleukin-1 secretion increase in the production or release of a soluble factor produced by monocytes, macrophages and other cells, which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008652 decreased interleukin-1 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008650 abnormal interleukin-1 secretion reduction in the production or release of a soluble factor produced by monocytes, macrophages and other cells, which activates T-lymphocytes and potentiates their response to mitogens or antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008653 abnormal interleukin-1 alpha secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008650 abnormal interleukin-1 secretion anomaly in the production or release of an interleukin-1 subtype that occurs as a membrane-bound pro-protein form that is cleaved by proteases to form a secreted mature form; both membrane-bound and secreted forms of interleukin-1alpha are biologically active http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008654 increased interleukin-1 alpha secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008653 abnormal interleukin-1 alpha secretion increase in the production or release of an interleukin-1 subtype that occurs as a membrane-bound pro-protein form that is cleaved by proteases to form a secreted mature form; both membrane-bound and secreted forms of interleukin-1alpha are biologically active http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008655 decreased interleukin-1 alpha secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008653 abnormal interleukin-1 alpha secretion reduction in the production or release of an interleukin-1 subtype that occurs as a membrane-bound pro-protein form that is cleaved by proteases to form a secreted mature form; both membrane-bound and secreted forms of interleukin-1alpha are biologically active http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008656 abnormal interleukin-1 beta secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008650 abnormal interleukin-1 secretion anomaly in the production or release of an interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein on monocytes, macrophages and other cells; proteolytic processing of the precursor form by caspase 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008657 increased interleukin-1 beta secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008656 abnormal interleukin-1 beta secretion increase in the production or release of an interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein on monocytes, macrophages and other cells; proteolytic processing of the precursor form by caspase 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008658 decreased interleukin-1 beta secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008656 abnormal interleukin-1 beta secretion reduction in the production or release of an interleukin-1 subtype that is synthesized as an inactive membrane-bound pro-protein on monocytes, macrophages and other cells; proteolytic processing of the precursor form by caspase 1 results in release of the active form of interleukin-1beta from the membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008659 abnormal interleukin-10 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-cells, monocytes, dendritic cells and epithelial cells that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008660 increased interleukin-10 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008659 abnormal interleukin-10 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-cells, monocytes, dendritic cells and epithelial cells that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008661 decreased interleukin-10 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008659 abnormal interleukin-10 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including T-cells, monocytes, dendritic cells and epithelial cells that exerts a variety of effects on immunoregulation and inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008662 abnormal interleukin-12 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells and plays a role in the stimulation of interferon-gamma production by T-cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008663 increased interleukin-12 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008662 abnormal interleukin-12 secretion increase in the production or release of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells and plays a role in the stimulation of interferon-gamma production by T-cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008664 decreased interleukin-12 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008662 abnormal interleukin-12 secretion reduction in the production or release of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells and plays a role in the stimulation of interferon-gamma production by T-cells and natural killer cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008665 abnormal interleukin-12a secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008662 abnormal interleukin-12 secretion anomaly in the production or release of the p35 subunit of interleukin-12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008666 increased interleukin-12a secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008665 abnormal interleukin-12a secretion increase in the production or release of the p35 subunit of interleukin-12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008667 decreased interleukin-12a secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008665 abnormal interleukin-12a secretion reduction in the production or release of the p35 subunit of interleukin-12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008668 abnormal interleukin-12b secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of the p40 cytokine subunit that is a component of both interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008669 increased interleukin-12b secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008668 abnormal interleukin-12b secretion increase in the production or release of the p40 cytokine subunit that is a component of both interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008670 decreased interleukin-12b secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008668 abnormal interleukin-12b secretion reduction in the production or release of the p40 cytokine subunit that is a component of both interleukin-12 and interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008671 abnormal interleukin-13 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine synthesized by T-cells that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-cells, and appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008672 increased interleukin-13 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008671 abnormal interleukin-13 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine synthesized by T-cells that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-cells, and appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008673 decreased interleukin-13 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008671 abnormal interleukin-13 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine synthesized by T-cells that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-cells, and appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008674 abnormal interleukin-15 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-cells and can induce proliferation and differentiation of B-cells; interleukin-15 shares biological activities with interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008675 increased interleukin-15 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008674 abnormal interleukin-15 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-cells and can induce proliferation and differentiation of B-cells; interleukin-15 shares biological activities with interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008676 decreased interleukin-15 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008674 abnormal interleukin-15 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-cells and can induce proliferation and differentiation of B-cells; interleukin-15 shares biological activities with interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008677 abnormal interleukin-16 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine produced by activated T-cells that stimulates the migration of CD4-positive lymphocytes and monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008678 increased interleukin-16 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008677 abnormal interleukin-16 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine produced by activated T-cells that stimulates the migration of CD4-positive lymphocytes and monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008679 decreased interleukin-16 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008677 abnormal interleukin-16 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine produced by activated T-cells that stimulates the migration of CD4-positive lymphocytes and monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008680 abnormal interleukin-17 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a proinflammatory cytokine produced primarily by T-cells or their precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008681 increased interleukin-17 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008680 abnormal interleukin-17 secretion increase in the production or release of a proinflammatory cytokine produced primarily by T-cells or their precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008682 decreased interleukin-17 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008680 abnormal interleukin-17 secretion reduction in the production or release of a proinflammatory cytokine produced primarily by T-cells or their precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008683 abnormal interleukin-18 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine which enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and cytotoxic T-cells and appears to play a role both as neuroimmunomodulator and in the induction of mucosal immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008684 increased interleukin-18 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008683 abnormal interleukin-18 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine which enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and cytotoxic T-cells and appears to play a role both as neuroimmunomodulator and in the induction of mucosal immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008685 decreased interleukin-18 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008683 abnormal interleukin-18 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine which enhances the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and cytotoxic T-cells and appears to play a role both as neuroimmunomodulator and in the induction of mucosal immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008686 abnormal interleukin-2 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-cells which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008687 increased interleukin-2 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008686 abnormal interleukin-2 secretion increase in the production or release of a soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-cells which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008688 decreased interleukin-2 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008686 abnormal interleukin-2 secretion reduction in the production or release of a soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-cells which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008689 abnormal interleukin-23 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008690 increased interleukin-23 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008689 abnormal interleukin-23 secretion increase in the production or release of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008691 decreased interleukin-23 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008689 abnormal interleukin-23 secretion reduction in the production or release of a heterodimeric cytokine that plays a role in innate and adaptive immune responses; it is produced by dendritic cells, macrophages and a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008692 abnormal interleukin-23a secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008689 abnormal interleukin-23 secretion anomaly in the production or release of the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008693 increased interleukin-23a secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008692 abnormal interleukin-23a secretion increase in the production or release of the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008694 decreased interleukin-23a secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008692 abnormal interleukin-23a secretion reduction in the production or release of the p19 subunit of interleukin-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008695 abnormal interleukin-3 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a multilineage cell growth factor secreted by lymphocytes, epithelial cells and astrocytes which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008696 increased interleukin-3 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008695 abnormal interleukin-3 secretion increase in the production or release of a multilineage cell growth factor secreted by lymphocytes, epithelial cells and astrocytes which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008697 decreased interleukin-3 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008695 abnormal interleukin-3 secretion reduction in the production or release of a multilineage cell growth factor secreted by lymphocytes, epithelial cells and astrocytes which stimulates clonal proliferation and differentiation of various types of blood and tissue cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008698 abnormal interleukin-4 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a soluble factor produced by activated T-cells that induces the expression of MHC class II genes and FC receptors on B-cells and causes their proliferation and differentiation; it also acts on T-cells, mast cells and several other hematopoietic lineage cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008699 increased interleukin-4 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008698 abnormal interleukin-4 secretion increase in the production or release of a soluble factor produced by activated T-cells that induces the expression of MHC class II genes and FC receptors on B-cells and causes their proliferation and differentiation; it also acts on T-cells, mast cells and several other hematopoietic lineage cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008700 decreased interleukin-4 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008698 abnormal interleukin-4 secretion reduction in the production or release of a soluble factor produced by activated T-cells that induces the expression of MHC class II genes and FC receptors on B-cells and causes their proliferation and differentiation; it also acts on T-cells, mast cells and several other hematopoietic lineage cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008701 abnormal interleukin-5 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of eosinophils; it also triggers activated B-cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin-secreting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008702 increased interleukin-5 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008701 abnormal interleukin-5 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of eosinophils; it also triggers activated B-cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin-secreting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008703 decreased interleukin-5 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008701 abnormal interleukin-5 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of eosinophils; it also triggers activated B-cells to differentiate into immunoglobulin-secreting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008704 abnormal interleukin-6 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-cells and is also a growth factor for hybridomas and plasmacytomas, and is produced by many different cells including T-cells, monocytes and fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008705 increased interleukin-6 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008704 abnormal interleukin-6 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-cells and is also a growth factor for hybridomas and plasmacytomas, and is produced by many different cells including T-cells, monocytes and fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008706 decreased interleukin-6 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008704 abnormal interleukin-6 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of B-cells and is also a growth factor for hybridomas and plasmacytomas, and is produced by many different cells including T-cells, monocytes and fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008707 abnormal interleukin-7 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells that promotes the growth of B-cell precursors and is co-mitogenic with interleukin-2 for mature T-cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008708 increased interleukin-7 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008707 abnormal interleukin-7 secretion increase in the production or release of a cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells that promotes the growth of B-cell precursors and is co-mitogenic with interleukin-2 for mature T-cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008709 decreased interleukin-7 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008707 abnormal interleukin-7 secretion reduction in the production or release of a cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells that promotes the growth of B-cell precursors and is co-mitogenic with interleukin-2 for mature T-cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008710 abnormal interleukin-9 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a multifunctional cytokine secreted by primarily by activated TH2 cells that may play a role as a regulator of allergic inflammation, and has been shown to enhance the growth and differentiation of mast cells, and can act on a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008711 increased interleukin-9 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008710 abnormal interleukin-9 secretion increase in the production or release of a multifunctional cytokine secreted by primarily by activated TH2 cells that may play a role as a regulator of allergic inflammation, and has been shown to enhance the growth and differentiation of mast cells, and can act on a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008712 decreased interleukin-9 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008710 abnormal interleukin-9 secretion reduction in the production or release of a multifunctional cytokine secreted by primarily by activated TH2 cells that may play a role as a regulator of allergic inflammation, and has been shown to enhance the growth and differentiation of mast cells, and can act on a variety of other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008835 abnormal intercellular signaling peptide or protein level deviation from the normal levels of any of the non-antibody proteins made by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells that affect the behavior of other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008714 increased lung carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008014 increased lung tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm of the lung, arising from epithelial cells, usually glandular or squamous, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008715 increased lung small cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008714 increased lung carcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of an anaplastic, highly malignant, and usually bronchogenic carcinoma composed of small ovoid cells with scanty neoplasm, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008717 increased lung squamous cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008716 increased lung non-small cell carcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a lung carcinoma derived from stratified squamous epithelium, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008718 increased lung large cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008716 increased lung non-small cell carcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a bronchogenic tumor of undifferentiated (anaplastic) cells of large size, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008719 impaired neutrophil recruitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002463 abnormal neutrophil physiology reduced diffusion or accumulation of neutrophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008720 impaired neutrophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011518 abnormal cell chemotaxis defect in the movement of neutrophils guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008721 abnormal chemokine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level deviation from the normal levels of any of the class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that attract and activate leukocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008722 abnormal chemokine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003009 abnormal cytokine secretion anomaly in the production or cellular release of any of the class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that attract and activate leukocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008723 impaired eosinophil recruitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002465 abnormal eosinophil physiology reduced diffusion or accumulation of eosinophils in tissues or cells in response to a wide variety of substances released at the sites of inflammatory reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008724 impaired eosinophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011518 abnormal cell chemotaxis defect in the movement of eosinophils guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008725 increased heart atrium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031576 abnormal heart atrium size increased average size of either one or both of the heart atria compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008726 increased heart left atrium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008725 increased heart atrium size increased size of the left upper chamber of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008727 increased heart right atrium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008725 increased heart atrium size increased size of the right upper chamber of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008728 increased memory B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013769 increased marginal zone precursor B cell number greater number of distinctly differentiated long-lived B cells that are readily activated upon reencounter of an antigenic determinant; memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008729 decreased memory B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number reduced number of distinctly differentiated long-lived B cells that are readily activated upon reencounter of an antigenic determinant; memory B cells differentiate from antigen-activated B cells which have been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008730 fused phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005306 abnormal phalanx morphology anomaly of the long bones of the digits resulting in some or all the bones being joined together http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008731 abnormal hair shaft melanin granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology any structural anomaly of pigment polymers in the hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008732 reduced hair shaft melanin granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008731 abnormal hair shaft melanin granule morphology the number of pigment polymers in the hair shaft is less than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008733 abnormal hair shaft melanin granule distribution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008731 abnormal hair shaft melanin granule morphology disruption in the regular arrangement of pigment polymers in the hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008734 decreased susceptibility to endotoxin shock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005087 decreased acute inflammation less than the expected early reaction of the microcirculation to endotoxins such as LPS, characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into extravascular tissues and often resulting in death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008735 increased susceptibility to endotoxin shock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005088 increased acute inflammation more than the expected early reaction of the microcirculation to endotoxins such as LPS, characterized by movement of fluid and leukocytes from the blood into extravascular tissues and often resulting in death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008736 micromelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000547 short limbs disproportionately short or small limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008737 abnormal spleen physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003762 abnormal immune organ physiology any functional anomaly of the organ that filters blood and stores red corpuscles and platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008738 abnormal liver iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001770 abnormal iron level anomaly in the amount of iron present in the liver tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008739 abnormal spleen iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001770 abnormal iron level anomaly in the amount of iron present in the spleen tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008740 abnormal intestinal iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001770 abnormal iron level anomaly in the amount of iron present in the large or small intestinal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008741 abnormal heart iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001770 abnormal iron level anomaly in the amount of iron present in the heart tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008742 abnormal kidney iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology anomaly in the amount of iron present in the kidney tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008743 decreased liver iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008738 abnormal liver iron level reduction in the amount of iron present in the liver tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008744 abnormal B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005004 abnormal lymphocyte anergy any anomaly in the process contributing to anergy in B cells, a state of functional inactivation which is part of B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008745 abnormal central B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008744 abnormal B cell anergy any anomaly of the processes of B cell anergy that occur in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008746 abnormal peripheral B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008744 abnormal B cell anergy any anomaly of the processes of B cell anergy that occur outside the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008747 abnormal T cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005004 abnormal lymphocyte anergy any anomaly in the process contributing to anergy in T cells, a state of functional inactivation which is part of T cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008748 abnormal central T cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008747 abnormal T cell anergy any anomaly of the processes of T cell anergy that occur in the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008749 abnormal peripheral T cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008747 abnormal T cell anergy any anomaly of the processes of T cell anergy that occur outside the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008750 abnormal interferon level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level deviation from the normal levels of proteins secreted by vertebrate cells in response to a wide variety of inducers; they confer resistance against many different viruses, inhibit proliferation of normal and malignant cells, impede multiplication of intracellular parasites, enhance macrophage and granulocyte phagocytosis, augment natural killer cell activity, and show several other immunomodulatory functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008751 abnormal interleukin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level deviation from the normal levels of soluble factors which stimulate growth-related activities of leukocytes as well as other cell types; they enhance cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA synthesis, secretion of other biologically active molecules and responses to immune and inflammatory stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008752 abnormal tumor necrosis factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level deviation from the normal levels of a serum glycoprotein produced by activated macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008753 abnormal osteocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030485 abnormal osteocyte lacunocanalicular system morphology any structural anomaly of a mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix (osteoid) in a small cavity called lacuna and that extends cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes away from the cell body toward other osteocytes and neighboring cells in small channels called canaliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008754 abnormal T cell receptor V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002145 abnormal T cell differentiation any anomaly in the process by which T cell receptor V, D, and J, or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific locus, are recombined within a single locus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008755 abnormal immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002144 abnormal B cell differentiation any anomaly in the process by which immunoglobulin V, D, and J or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific locus, are recombined within a single locus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008756 abnormal T cell receptor alpha chain V-J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008754 abnormal T cell receptor V(D)J recombination any anomaly in the process by which V and J gene segments of the T cell receptor alpha chain are recombined http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008757 abnormal T cell receptor gamma chain V-J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008754 abnormal T cell receptor V(D)J recombination any anomaly in the process by which V and J gene segments of the T cell receptor gamma chain are recombined http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008758 abnormal T cell receptor beta chain V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008754 abnormal T cell receptor V(D)J recombination any anomaly in the process by which V, D, and J segments of the T cell receptor beta chain are recombined http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008759 abnormal T cell receptor delta chain V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008754 abnormal T cell receptor V(D)J recombination any anomaly in the process by which V, D, and J segments of the T cell receptor delta chain are recombined http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008760 abnormal immunoglobulin heavy chain V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008755 abnormal immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination any anomaly in the process by which V, D, and J gene segments of the immunoglobulin heavy chain are recombined http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008761 abnormal immunoglobulin light chain V-J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008755 abnormal immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination any anomaly in the process by which V and J gene segments of the immunoglobulin light chain are recombined http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008762 embryonic lethality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002080 prenatal lethality death of an animal within the embryonic period prior to organogenesis (Mus: prior to E14) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008763 abnormal mast cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020848 abnormal exocytosis abnormalities in the exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a mast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008764 increased mast cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008763 abnormal mast cell degranulation increase in the exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a mast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008765 decreased mast cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008763 abnormal mast cell degranulation reduction in the exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a mast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008766 abnormal B cell receptor editing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002144 abnormal B cell differentiation any anomaly in the process of replacing receptors on B cells, in which RAG gene expression allows continued light-chain gene rearrangement and expression of a new light change which combines with the previous heavy chain to form a new receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008767 abnormal hair medullary septa cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003812 abnormal hair medulla septa-forming cells of hair medulla are abnormal in size or arrangement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008768 abnormal hair medulla air spaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003812 abnormal hair medulla air spaces between septa-forming cells of hair medulla are larger or smaller than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008769 abnormal plasmacytoid dendritic cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002376 abnormal dendritic cell physiology any functional anomaly of phagocytic dendritic cells that are morphologically similar to plasma cells, but do not express B lineage markers, and produce large amounts of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-/) in response to viral and bacterial stimuli; plasmacytoid dendritic cells are found in the thymic medulla and lymph node T cell areas and are responsible for immune tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008770 decreased survivor rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010831 lethality, incomplete penetrance a smaller percentage of organisms than expected survive to adulthood and have a lifespan similar to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008771 elongated vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology increased rostral-caudal length of the complete structure forming the rostral-caudal axis of the skeleton formed from the alternating segments of vertebra and intervertebral discs which support the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008772 increased heart ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031543 abnormal heart ventricle size increased average size of one or both heart ventricles compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008775 abnormal heart ventricle pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology any anomaly in the pressure within a cardiac ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008776 increased right ventricle peak pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010755 abnormal heart right ventricle pressure increase in the difference between right ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008777 increased right ventricle diastolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010755 abnormal heart right ventricle pressure increase in the pressure of the right ventricle between heart beats when the heart is relaxed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008778 abnormal lymphangiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology any anomaly in the formation of lymphatic vessels from pre-existing lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008780 increased pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009153 increased pancreas tumor incidence greater than the expected number of an adenocarcinoma arising from cells of the pancreas that secrete digestive enzymes, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008781 abnormal B cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002459 abnormal B cell physiology change in the timing or the number of B cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008782 increased B cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008781 abnormal B cell apoptosis increase in the timing or the number of B cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008783 decreased B cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008781 abnormal B cell apoptosis reduction in the timing or the number of B cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008784 craniorachischisis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology the most severe form of neural tube defect leaving the neural tube open from the midbrain or rostral hindbrain to the base of the spine; in mammals, craniorachischisis arises as a failure of a de novo closure event occurring during primary neurulation at the boundary of the future hindbrain and cervical spine (day 22 postfertilization in humans and E8.5 in mice); craniorachischisis totalis, the most complete form of craniorachischisis, presents anencephaly and total spina bifida together and is lethal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008785 abnormal sternum manubrium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology any structural anomaly of the broad, handle-like part of the sternum which articulates with the clavicles and the first two pairs of ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008786 abnormal hindgut morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development any structural anomaly of the caudal portion of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008787 abnormal tailgut morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development any structural anomaly of the extension of the hindgut of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo, caudal to the location of the anal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008788 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008789 abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005499 abnormal olfactory system morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial cells that line the interior of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008790 abnormal NK cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020848 abnormal exocytosis anomaly in the exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators, such as perforin and granzyme, from NK cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008791 decreased NK cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008790 abnormal NK cell degranulation reduction in the exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators, such as perforin and granzyme, from NK cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008792 increased NK cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008790 abnormal NK cell degranulation increase in the exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators, such as perforin and granzyme, from NK cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008793 abnormal lens epithelium apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology anomaly in the number of lens epithelial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008794 increased lens epithelium apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008793 abnormal lens epithelium apoptosis increase in the number of lens epithelial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008795 abnormal lens fiber apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology anomaly in the number of lens fibers cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008796 increased lens fiber apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008795 abnormal lens fiber apoptosis increase in the number of lens fibers cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008798 lateral facial cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008797 facial cleft presence of a primitive oral fissure (macrostomia) that extends into the anlage region of the ears, between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008799 oblique facial cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008797 facial cleft presence of a facial fissure that runs from the lower lid edge to the lower edge of the nasal opening that results from a deficient fusion of the epithelium of the lacrimonasal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008800 increased small intestinal crypt cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010156 abnormal small intestinal crypt cell physiology increase in the number of small intestinal crypt cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008802 abnormal intestinal smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000767 abnormal smooth muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue lining the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008803 abnormal placental labyrinth vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003231 abnormal placenta vasculature any structural anomaly of blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood exchange nutrients and waste products http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008804 abnormal circulating amylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration of a group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008805 decreased circulating amylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008804 abnormal circulating amylase level reduction in the concentration of a group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008806 increased circulating amylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008804 abnormal circulating amylase level greater concentration of a group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008807 increased liver iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008738 abnormal liver iron level increase in the amount of iron present in the liver tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008808 decreased spleen iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008739 abnormal spleen iron level reduction in the amount of iron present in the spleen tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008809 increased spleen iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008739 abnormal spleen iron level increase in the amount of iron present in the spleen tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008810 increased circulating iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004152 abnormal circulating iron level elevation in the concentration of iron in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008811 abnormal brain iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any anomaly in the amount of iron present in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008812 abnormal rostrocaudal coat patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation irregular or unusual pigmentation pattern of the rostral-to-caudal axis compared to control animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008814 decreased nerve conduction velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005403 abnormal nerve conduction decrease in the rate at which an electrical impulse travels through a nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008815 anterior staphyloma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly resulting in bulging near the anterior pole of the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008816 petechiae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance very small blood spots or splotches that appear especially in skin as a result of localized hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008817 hematoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation an abnormal localized accumulation of clotted or partially clotted blood in an organ or a soft tissue space as a result of localized hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008818 abnormal interfrontal bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology any structural anomaly or presence of a bone between the frontal bones in the skull; an extra bony plate within the anterior fontanelle that is not usually present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008819 abnormal mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior any anomaly in the process of biting and mashing food with the teeth prior to swallowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008820 abnormal blood uric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis aberrant concentration in the blood of the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, but which in rodents and most other mammals is normally is further oxidized by uricase to allantoin that is excreted in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008821 increased blood uric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008820 abnormal blood uric acid level greater concentration in the blood of the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, but which in rodents and most other mammals is normally is further oxidized by uricase to allantoin that is excreted in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008822 decreased blood uric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008820 abnormal blood uric acid level reduced concentration in the blood of the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, but which in rodents and most other mammals is normally is further oxidized by uricase to allantoin that is excreted in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008823 abnormal interventricular septum membranous part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000281 abnormal interventricular septum morphology any structural anomaly of the membranous portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008824 absent interventricular septum membranous part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008823 abnormal interventricular septum membranous part morphology absence of the membranous portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008825 abnormal cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development anomaly in the process by which endocardial cells of the atrioventricular canal or the outflow tract lose their epithelial characteristics, delaminate from the endocardial sheet, become migratory and invade the cardiac jelly, and develop mesenchymal characteristics eventually forming both the endocardial cushions required for septum and atrioventricular valve formation and the cushions of the outflow tract that form the conotruncal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008826 abnormal splenic cell ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology deviation from the standard ratios of splenocyte subpopulations compared to control samples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008827 abnormal thymus cell ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology deviation from the standard ratios of thymocyte subpopulations compared to control samples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008828 abnormal lymph node cell ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology deviation from the standard ratios of lymph node cell subpopulations compared to control samples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008829 triphalangia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology anomaly in which three phalanges are present in the thumb or great toe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008830 abnormal nucleolus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the small rounded nuclear substructure that produces ribonucleoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008831 abnormal insulin-like growth factor I level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomaly in the concentration of a polypeptide hormone with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008832 hemivertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology a congenital malformation of the spine in which only half of a vertebral body develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008833 caudal hemivertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008832 hemivertebra a congenital malformation of the caudal vertebrae in which only half of the vertebral body develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008834 abnormal melanosome transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype any anomaly in the directed movement of melanosomes into, out of, within or between cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008835 abnormal intercellular signaling peptide or protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level abnormal concentration of any regulatory protein or peptide that is a signaling molecule involved in the process of paracrine communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008836 abnormal transforming growth factor beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008835 abnormal intercellular signaling peptide or protein level abnormal concentration of a paracrine growth factor that has a potential role in embryonic development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008837 increased transforming growth factor beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008836 abnormal transforming growth factor beta level greater concentration of a paracrine growth factor that has a potential role in embryonic development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008838 decreased transforming growth factor beta level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008836 abnormal transforming growth factor beta level reduced concentration of a paracrine growth factor that has a potential role in embryonic development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008839 absent acrosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008898 abnormal acrosome morphology mature spermatozoa lack the cap-like structure at the anterior end of the sperm head that produces enzymes needed for egg penetration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008841 ruptured lens capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003236 abnormal lens capsule morphology a break or tear in the elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008842 lipofuscinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype accumulation of intracellular autofluorescent material, in the form of brownish fatty pigment, in lysosomes as a normal part of senescence or aging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008843 absent subcutaneous adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020997 abnormal subcutaneous adipose tissue amount absence of adipose tissue beneath the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008844 decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020997 abnormal subcutaneous adipose tissue amount reduction in amount of adipose tissue beneath the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008845 abnormal paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020872 abnormal hypothalamic nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of a group of magnocellular neurons located in the periventricular zone of the anterior half of the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008846 abnormal supraoptic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020872 abnormal hypothalamic nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of a group of cells in the hypothalamus located over the lateral border of the optic tract; neurons produce and transport vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008847 abnormal suprachiasmatic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020872 abnormal hypothalamic nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of an ovoid densely packed collection of small cells of the anterior hypothalamus lying close to the midline in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm; it receives input from the retina and influences neuroendocrine function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008848 abnormal anterior hypothalamic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020872 abnormal hypothalamic nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of a loose heterogeneous collection of cells in the anterior hypothalamus, continuous rostrally with the medial and lateral preoptic areas and caudally with the tuber cinereum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008849 abnormal hemoglobin concentration distribution width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005563 abnormal hemoglobin content anomaly in the standard deviation of the distribution of erythrocytes by their cellular (individual) hemoglobin concentrations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008850 increased hemoglobin concentration distribution width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008849 abnormal hemoglobin concentration distribution width higher than normal standard deviation of the distribution of erythrocytes by their cellular (individual) hemoglobin concentrations; high HDW is indicative of some types of anemia/thalassemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008851 decreased hemoglobin concentration distribution width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008849 abnormal hemoglobin concentration distribution width lower than normal standard deviation of the distribution of erythrocytes by their cellular (individual) hemoglobin concentrations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008852 retina neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003711 pathological neovascularization formation of new blood vessels originating from the retinal veins and extending along the inner (vitreal) surface of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008853 decreased abdominal adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005452 abnormal adipose tissue amount reduction in amount of adipose tissue associated with internal organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008854 bleb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance presence of a blister-like, nearly hemispherical structure filled with air, serous fluid or blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008855 eye bleb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development presence of blister-like structures formed in the eye during embryonic development that are usually filled with blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008856 fetal bleb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003941 abnormal skin development presence of subepidermal blister-like structures on the skin, often on the head, formed during embryonic development and usually filled with blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008857 myelencephalic blebs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006108 abnormal hindbrain development presence of blister-like structures formed on the posterior portion of the embryonic hindbrain that are usually filled with blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008858 abnormal hair cycle anagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000427 abnormal hair cycle anomaly in the growth phase of the hair cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008859 abnormal hair cycle catagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000427 abnormal hair cycle anomaly in the phase of the hair growth cycle during which cell proliferation ceases, the hair follicle shortens, and an anchored hair is produced http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008860 abnormal hair cycle telogen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000427 abnormal hair cycle anomaly in the resting or quiescent phase of the hair growth cycle which follows cessation of proliferation (catagen) and precedes hair loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008861 abnormal hair shedding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000427 abnormal hair cycle anomaly in the hair cycle changes the timing of the hair loss that normally follows the anagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008862 asymmetric snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology presence of a snout that lacks mirrored identity on either side of the median plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008863 craniofacial asymmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development head or facial features that lack mirrored identity on either side of the median plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008864 abnormal intestinal secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000501 abnormal digestive secretion any anomaly in the quantity or rate of any substance transported from intestinal cells into the lumen of the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008867 uniparental disomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis abnormal assortment of chromosomes from parent to offspring whereby the chromosome number is correct, but both members of a chromosome pair or segments of a chromosome pair are inherited from the same parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008869 anovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001928 abnormal ovulation complete failure of ovum to be released from an ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008870 increased mature ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009364 abnormal mature ovarian follicle morphology than normal numbers of ovarian follicles that are ready for ovulation and present a blanched spot (the follicular stigma) where the graafian follicle is about to rupture on the surface of the ovary; a first maturation (meiotic) division of the primary oocyte usually occurs just prior to rupture of the follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008872 abnormal physiological response to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype any anomaly in the physiological or morphological changes induced by a compound foreign to living organisms such as changes in blood pressure, changes in hormone or protein levels or hypertrophy or hypotrophy of an organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008873 increased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008872 abnormal physiological response to xenobiotic decrease in the dose or concentration of a compound foreign to living organisms required to induce a specific level of physiological response or increase in the severity of physiological response to a given dose or concentration of a compound foreign to living organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008874 decreased physiological sensitivity to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008872 abnormal physiological response to xenobiotic increase in the dose or concentration of a compound foreign to living organisms required to induce a specific level of physiological response or decrease in the severity of physiological response to a given dose or concentration of a compound foreign to living organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008875 abnormal xenobiotic pharmacokinetics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype any anomaly in the absorption, distribution, metabolism or elimination of a compound foreign to living organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008876 decreased uterine NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008054 abnormal uterine NK cell morphology reduced cell number of a natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidual of the uterus, is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative, and is the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008877 abnormal DNA methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012167 abnormal epigenetic regulation of gene expression any anomaly in the covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine of DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008878 abnormal DNA methylation during gametogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008877 abnormal DNA methylation any anomaly of the covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine during gamete generation, when DNA methylation patterns are established http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008879 submandibular gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013300 abnormal submandibular gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in either of the large major salivary glands situated beneath the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008880 lacrimal gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the glands that secrete tears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008881 absent Harderian gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005248 abnormal Harderian gland morphology absence of the sebaceous gland located behind the eyeball that excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008882 abnormal enterocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014201 abnormal intestinal epithelium physiology any functional anomaly of the epithelial cells that have an apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008883 abnormal enterocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008882 abnormal enterocyte physiology anomaly in the ability of the enterocyte cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008884 abnormal enterocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020444 abnormal intestine apoptosis change in the timing or the number of enterocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008885 increased enterocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008884 abnormal enterocyte apoptosis increase in the timing or the number of enterocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008886 abnormal PML bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology alteration in structure, number or location of the subnuclear structures associated with functions including transcription, DNA repair, viral defense, stress, cell cycle regulation, proteolysis and apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008887 abnormal splicing factor domain morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology alteration in structure, number or location of subnuclear structures comprising storage locations for elements responsible for excising non-coding regions from a primary messenger RNA transcript and joining coding regions to produce mature messenger RNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008888 abnormal Cajal body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology alteration in structure, number or location of subnuclear structures involved in snRNP biogenesis and in the trafficking of snoRNPs and snRNPs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008889 abnormal Gem morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology alteration in structure, number or location of subnuclear structures involved in snRNP biogenesis and in the trafficking of snoRNPs and snRNPs and found paired with or juxtaposed to Cajal bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008890 abnormal nuclear lamina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the inner nuclear membrane surrounding the nuclear periphery, comprising a scaffold-like network of protein filaments responsible for trafficking of mRNA to the cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008891 decreased hepatocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010080 abnormal hepatocyte physiology reduction in the number of hepatocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013206 abnormal motile cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon composed of a number of cytoskeletal elements whose proper assembly is critical for sperm motility; the mammalian flagellum is structurally divided into four major parts: the connecting piece, the midpiece, the principal piece, and the end piece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008893 detached sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology fragmentation of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon that provides sperm motility from the sperm head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008894 abnormal intraepithelial T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a T cell present in columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008895 abnormal intraepithelial T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008894 abnormal intraepithelial T cell morphology reduced number of T cell present in columnar epithelia such as in the gastrointestinal tract; intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008896 increased IgG2c level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020178 abnormal IgG2c level greater than normal immunoglobulin class G2c level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008897 decreased IgG2c level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020178 abnormal IgG2c level less than normal immunoglobulin class G2c level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008899 plush coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance coat has a thick, velvet-like appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008900 abnormal uterine fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008901 absent epididymal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006319 abnormal epididymal fat pad morphology absence of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008902 abnormal renal fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008903 abnormal mesenteric fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008904 abnormal mammary fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008905 abnormal femoral fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008906 abnormal parametrial fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008900 abnormal uterine fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008907 decreased total fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020130 abnormal total fat pad weight less than average weight of the fat pads http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008908 increased total fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020130 abnormal total fat pad weight greater than average weight of the fat pads http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008909 supination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014320 abnormal autopod rotation rotation of the pedal or prehensile extremity so the forefoot (hand) faces anteriorly to the anatomic position; rotation of the hindfoot (foot) such that the plantar surface turns upward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008910 thin long bone epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000131 abnormal long bone epiphysis morphology thinner than normal rounded end of a long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008912 nervous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008911 induced hyperactivity increased, skittish, behavior induced by stimulation such as handling, touching or noise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008913 weaving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003312 abnormal locomotor coordination momentary, slow motions of the whole body from side to side sometimes followed by a sudden drop from an erect position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008914 enlarged cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000849 abnormal cerebellum morphology increased size of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008915 fused carpal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000554 abnormal carpal bone morphology anomaly of the nine nodular bones of the joint between the forelimb bones and the front paws/hands resulting in some or all the bones being joined together http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008916 abnormal astrocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003690 abnormal glial cell physiology any functional anomaly of one of the large neuroglia cells of nervous tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008917 abnormal oligodendrocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003690 abnormal glial cell physiology any functional anomaly of the neuroglia of the central nervous system that form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the CNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008918 microgliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002183 gliosis a proliferation or spread of microglia in the area of a degenerative lesion or damaged tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008919 fused tarsal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005104 abnormal tarsal bone morphology anomaly of the eight bones of the instep of the paw/foot resulting in some or all the bones being joined together http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008920 absent cervical axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004608 abnormal cervical axis morphology absence of the second cervical vertebra (C2) which forms the pivot upon which the first cervical (atlas, C1) vertebra rotates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008921 increased neurotransmitter release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion increased production or release of endogenous signaling molecules normally secreted by neurons that alter the behavior of neurons or effector cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008922 abnormal cervical rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000150 abnormal rib morphology alternate location or appearance of a rare supernumerary rib commonly articulating with the seventh cervical vertebrae (above the normal first rib) but not reaching the sternum anteriorly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008923 thoracoschisis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003385 abnormal body wall morphology congenital fissure of the chest wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008924 decreased cerebellar granule cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008948 decreased neuron number reduction in the number of the small neurons of the granule cell layer that send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008925 increased cerebellar granule cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008947 increased neuron number greater number of the small neurons of the granule cell layer that send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008926 abnormal anterior definitive endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the mesendoderm which first migrates from the node and evolves into the foregut, from which pancreas, liver and lungs will eventually emerge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008927 abnormal parafascicular nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any structural anomaly in the thalmic nucleus that send excitatory projections onto striatal medium spiny neurons and cholinergic interneurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008928 abnormal paracentral nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any structural anomaly of one of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, located medial to the central lateral nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008929 abnormal central medial nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any structural anomaly of a small cell group in the interthalamic adhesion of the thalamus that occupy the midline region of the internal medullary lamina, between the left and right paracentral nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008930 abnormal medial geniculate nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any structural anomaly of groups of nerve cells that function as a relay of auditory input to auditory cortex, receiving the brachium of the inferior colliculus and sending processed information to the auditory cortex in the superior temporal gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008931 abnormal paraventricular thalamic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any structural anomaly in the nucleus in the thalamus that consists primarily of excitatory neurons, extends over the entire rostro-caudal length of the midline thalamus, and regulates arousal, emotional, and motivated behaviors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype any functional anomaly in any of the tissues of the embryo proper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008933 abnormal motile primary cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013210 abnormal primary cilium physiology any functional anomaly of the cilia of the mouse embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node, which generate flow of extraembryonic fluid surrounding the node in a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008934 absent choroid plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000820 abnormal choroid plexus morphology absence of the infoldings of blood vessels of the pia mater covered by a thin coat of ependymal cells that form tufted projections into the third, fourth, and lateral ventricles of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008935 decreased mean platelet volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002586 abnormal platelet volume reduced average content of platelet cells over normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008937 abnormal pituitary gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008936 abnormal pituitary gland size anomaly in the average weight of the compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008938 decreased pituitary gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008937 abnormal pituitary gland weight reduction in the average weight of the compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008939 increased pituitary gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008937 abnormal pituitary gland weight greater than average weight of the compound gland suspended from the base of the hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008940 delayed balanopreputial separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001938 delayed sexual maturation the separation of the prepuce from the glans penis (balanus), a result of the cornification of the balano-preputial epithelium, occurs at a later than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008941 reticulocytopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013662 decreased myeloid cell number decrease in the normal number of circulating reticulocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008942 abnormal induced cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000313 abnormal cell death anomaly in the response to an agent that induces cessation of function at the cellular level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008945 hyperchromic macrocytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002811 macrocytic anemia deficiency of red blood cells in which the remaining circulating erythrocyte corpuscular volume is larger than normal and the total amount of hemoglobin per cell is increased, but the percentage of hemoglobin per cell is usually in the normochromic range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008946 abnormal neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology anomaly in the number of the cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008949 increased Cajal-Retzius cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008030 abnormal Cajal-Retzius cell morphology greater number of the distinct population of large, bipolar cells, distributed in a continuous band along the marginal zone of the cortex extending to the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008950 ventricular tachycardia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002626 increased heart rate paroxysmal rapid beating of the heart originating in an ectopic focus in the heart ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008951 long radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030885 increased radius size increased length of the short bone of the lateral forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008952 abnormal pancreatic delta cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010147 abnormal endocrine pancreas physiology any functional anomaly of the cells found in the pancreas that secrete somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008953 abnormal pancreatic somatostatin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008952 abnormal pancreatic delta cell physiology anomaly in the production or release from pancreatic delta cells of a 14 amino acid peptide that inhibits growth hormone release and is found in the central and peripheral nervous systems, the gut, and other organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008954 abnormal cellular hemoglobin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005563 abnormal hemoglobin content anomaly in the mean of the red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (RBC CH) histogram, which represents the distribution of red blood cells by the amount of hemoglobin present in each individual cell independent of cell volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008955 increased cellular hemoglobin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008954 abnormal cellular hemoglobin content increase in the mean of the red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (RBC CH) histogram, which represents the distribution of red blood cells by the amount of hemoglobin present in each individual cell independent of cell volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008956 decreased cellular hemoglobin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008954 abnormal cellular hemoglobin content decrease in the mean of the red blood cell hemoglobin concentration (RBC CH) histogram, which represents the distribution of red blood cells by the amount of hemoglobin present in each individual cell independent of cell volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008958 abnormal trophoblast glycogen cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004255 abnormal spongiotrophoblast layer morphology any structural anomaly of a glycogen-accumulating trophoblast cell that arises in the junctional zone of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008959 abnormal spongiotrophoblast cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004255 abnormal spongiotrophoblast layer morphology any structural anomaly of a trophoblast cell that arises in the junctional zone of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008960 abnormal axon pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation defects in the developmental elimination of axons that fail to participate in an active neuronal circuit by retraction, degeneration, shedding or other mechanism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008961 abnormal basal metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in heat production of an organism at the lowest level of cell chemistry in an inactive, awake, and fasting state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008962 abnormal carbon dioxide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003948 abnormal gas homeostasis deviation from the normal rate at which carbon dioxide leaves the blood and enters the alveolar gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008963 increased carbon dioxide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008962 abnormal carbon dioxide production increase in the rate at which carbon dioxide leaves the blood and enters the alveolar gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008964 decreased carbon dioxide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008962 abnormal carbon dioxide production reduction in the rate at which carbon dioxide leaves the blood and enters the alveolar gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008965 increased basal metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008961 abnormal basal metabolism increase in heat production of an organism at the lowest level of cell chemistry in an inactive, awake, and fasting state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008966 abnormal chiasmata formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis atypical contact between nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I, precluding formation of the expected number of cross-shaped configurations representing recombination events http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008967 absent chiasmata formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008966 abnormal chiasmata formation during meiosis I there are no observable cross-over regions where nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes recombine with each other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008969 abnormal nasolacrimal duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008968 abnormal lacrimal apparatus morphology any structural anomaly of the paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008970 choanal atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002236 abnormal internal nares morphology blockage of the back of the nasal passage by abnormal bony or soft tissue, usually due to failure of the bucconasal membrane to involute during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008971 abnormal ethmoturbinate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002244 abnormal turbinate morphology any structural anomaly of the conchae of the ethmoid bone which occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008972 ethmoturbinate hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ethmoturbinate, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008974 proportional dwarf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001265 decreased body size abnormally undersized with both limbs and trunk symmetrically shorter; usually due to chemical, endocrine, nutritional or nonosseous influences http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008975 delayed male fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002683 delayed fertility ability of a male organism to produce live offspring occurring at a later than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008976 delayed female fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002683 delayed fertility ability of a female organism to produce live offspring occurring at a later than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008977 abnormal vagina size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology anomaly in the size of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008978 abnormal vagina weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008977 abnormal vagina size anomaly in the weight of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008979 increased vagina weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008981 enlarged vagina increase in the weight of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008980 decreased vagina weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008983 small vagina decrease in the weight of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008981 enlarged vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008977 abnormal vagina size increase in the size of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008982 vagina hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008981 enlarged vagina increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vagina, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008983 small vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008977 abnormal vagina size decrease in the size of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008984 vagina hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008983 small vagina decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vagina, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008985 hemimelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology congenital absence of part of an extremity, such as absent fibula with the tibia present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008986 abnormal liver parenchyma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology any structural anomaly of the functional units of the liver including the lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008988 abnormal liver perisinusoidal space morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008987 abnormal liver lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the extravascular space in the liver between the parenchymal cells and a sinusoid that contains the blood plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008990 abnormal Ito cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008988 abnormal liver perisinusoidal space morphology any structural anomaly of the fat-storing cells that line the hepatic sinusoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008991 abnormal bile canaliculus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008987 abnormal liver lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the intercellular channels that take up bile from hepatocytes and transport it to the bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008992 abnormal portal lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008986 abnormal liver parenchyma morphology any structural anomaly of the triangular region on the periphery of the liver lobules that contain a bile duct and a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008993 abnormal portal triad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008992 abnormal portal lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the three vessels of the portal lobule including the bile duct, a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008994 early vaginal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020150 abnormal timing of vaginal opening the opening of the genital canal in a female occurs at an earlier than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008995 early reproductive senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003786 premature aging loss of reproductive capacity occurring at an earlier than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008996 abnormal blood osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis anomaly in the concentration of ions in the blood or blood fractions compared to the normal state, sometimes reported as increased or decreased osmotic fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008997 increased blood osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008996 abnormal blood osmolality increase in the concentration of ions in the blood compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008998 decreased blood osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008996 abnormal blood osmolality decrease in the concentration of ions in the blood compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008999 absent anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005034 abnormal anus morphology absence of the lower opening of the digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009000 absent cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology absence of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009001 absent hallux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014281 hindlimb oligodactyly absence of the first or primary digit of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009002 premature hair regrowth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth faster initiation of the hair growth cycle (anagen) after catagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009003 abnormal vibrissa number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002098 abnormal vibrissa morphology any anomaly in the number of the stiff hairs projecting from the face around the nose of most mammals which act as touch receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009004 progressive hair loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002073 abnormal hair growth thinning of hair (coat) over time, usually in a defined pattern, until entirely gone with no recurrent growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009005 abnormal sesamoid bone of gastrocnemius morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002115 abnormal limb bone morphology any structural anomaly of the small sesamoid bones situated behind the condyles of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009006 prolonged estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle increase in the length of the estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009007 short estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle decrease in the length of the estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009008 delayed estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001938 delayed sexual maturation onset of the estrous cycle of females occurring at a later than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009009 absent estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle failure of female animals to enter or progress through the estrous cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009010 abnormal diestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle any anomaly or aberrant timing of the last phase of the estrous cycle, during which unfertilized eggs are eliminated, the vagina and vulva are at a minimum size, and new follicles begin to undergo a rapid growth for the next ovulation; if pregnancy does not occur, the metestrous phase is ultimately followed by the diestrous phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009011 prolonged diestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009010 abnormal diestrus increase in the length of the diestrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009012 short diestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009010 abnormal diestrus decrease in the length of the diestrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009013 abnormal proestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle any anomaly or aberrant timing of the first phase of the estrous cycle which begins when a new batch of eggs reach maturity within ovarian follicles that are ripe and large; external examination of the female usually shows a bloated vulva with an open vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009014 prolonged proestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009013 abnormal proestrus increase in the length of the proestrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009015 short proestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009013 abnormal proestrus decrease in the length of the proestrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38795 pteroic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25384 monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26373 pteridines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22728 benzopyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38180 polycyclic heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38106 organosulfur heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24532 organic heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35350 hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35789 oxo steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35788 seco-steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35508 steroid fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35507 natural product fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38304 diazolidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25693 organic heteromonocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46773 hydroxypyrrolidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38260 pyrrolidines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33670 heteromonocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33661 monocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26375 pterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26373 pteridines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_237958 ({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(9H-purin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphonato}oxy)(phosphonatooxy)phosphinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37045 purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32879 propane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33892 iron coordination entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33861 transition element coordination entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37015 ribonucleoside 5'-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16701 nucleoside 5'-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33721 carbohydrate acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35693 dicarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_20664 5beta-cholane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35519 cholane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36300 tricarboxylic acid dianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35753 tricarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49302 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35868 hydroxy monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26561 ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26562 ribose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27171 organic heterobicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33672 heterobicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22727 benzopyran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38104 oxacycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36278 cholanic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36078 cholanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37096 adenosine 5'-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22256 adenosine phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22984 calcium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25107 magnesium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22313 alkaline earth metal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26216 potassium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22314 alkali metal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26708 sodium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30356 isobutyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45557 sec-butyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23905 monoatomic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24867 monoatomic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24834 inorganic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36914 inorganic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38443 1-benzopyran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22727 benzopyran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46721 carbonate salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23016 carbonates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25213 metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36915 inorganic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36526 acidic glycosphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24402 glycosphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33280 molecular messenger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24860 iodine molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24471 halogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23116 chlorine atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24473 halogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38166 organic heteropolycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33671 heteropolycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25693 organic heteromonocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33670 heteromonocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24103 fructosamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24586 hexosamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24839 inorganic salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866 salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36914 inorganic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49637 hydrogen atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23906 monoatomic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24867 monoatomic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33238 monoatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25699 organic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33515 transition element cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25213 metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39124 calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35155 elemental calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24473 halogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25555 nitrogen atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805 oxygen atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27568 selenium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33303 chalcogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27594 carbon atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28659 phosphorus atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35580 N-oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25741 oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26562 ribose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25900 aldopentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36360 phosphorus oxoacids and derivatives http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26082 phosphorus molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25216 metalloporphyrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33909 metallotetrapyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8337 porphyrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35794 tetrapyrrole fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26396 purine ribonucleoside diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17668 ribonucleoside diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26398 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17972 ribonucleoside triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25046 linear tetrapyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26932 tetrapyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35794 tetrapyrrole fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35507 natural product fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36309 cyclic tetrapyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47882 cyclic polypyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23443 cyclic amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32988 amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25585 nonmetal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33559 s-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26712 sodium molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22985 calcium molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26082 phosphorus molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33302 pnictogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51143 nitrogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33302 pnictogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25806 oxygen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22313 alkaline earth metal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33559 s-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22314 alkali metal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33559 s-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22744 benzyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24875 iron cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33306 carbon group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24471 halogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24873 iron molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33744 iron group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25900 aldopentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84055 pentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26124 phytosteroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35350 hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35509 androstane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35508 steroid fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35516 cholestane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35508 steroid fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35519 cholane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35508 steroid fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8386 pregnane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35508 steroid fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36238 5beta-cholanic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36237 cholanic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33909 metallotetrapyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36309 cyclic tetrapyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36359 phosphorus oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33241 oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36915 inorganic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50312 onium compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38497 respiratory-chain inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38496 electron-transport chain inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24863 iodophenol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37142 organoiodine compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_41402 carboxymethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50339 4-aminobutyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23019 carbonyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51422 organodiyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37075 ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37015 ribonucleoside 5'-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37076 ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37015 ribonucleoside 5'-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38261 imidazolidines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38304 diazolidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38794 pteroic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38795 pteroic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38496 electron-transport chain inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76932 pathway inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6000004 panarthropod head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29108 calcium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60240 divalent metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35786 phosphosphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26739 sphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26391 purine nucleoside diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16862 nucleoside 5'-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_81567 thyroid stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17089 glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26393 purine nucleoside triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17326 nucleoside 5'-triphoshate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38856 halophenol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33853 phenols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37404 elemental copper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23377 copper molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35724 carbohydrate sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46883 carboxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33249 organyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35131 aldose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33447 phospho sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32613 isoleucinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49095 beta-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29369 peroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_43176 hydroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46701 pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46767 pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32964 ornithinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32612 isoleucinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38180 polycyclic heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33570 benzenediols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33853 phenols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_81568 Luteinizing hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_81569 Follicle stimulating hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25810 oxopurine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33744 iron group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33676 d-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33745 copper group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33676 d-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28670 neopterin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25500 neopterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22256 adenosine phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61296 adenyl ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23213 choline ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24384 glycogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37163 glucan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30839 orotate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38316 pyrimidinecarboxylate anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33552 sulfonic acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33424 sulfur oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33340 zinc group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33561 d-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33608 hydrogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036290 myocardium of anterior wall of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006566 left ventricle myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036291 myocardium of anterior wall of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006567 right ventricle myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28694 copper atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_88184 metal allergen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7044 myoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5386 globin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036288 anterior wall of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036285 wall of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009016 abnormal estrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle any anomaly or aberrant timing of the phase of the estrous cycle which begins with the ovulation of fully mature oocytes and during which the vulva remains in an extended state with an open vagina, and females are maximally receptive to male advances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009017 prolonged estrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009016 abnormal estrus increase in the length of the estrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009018 short estrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009016 abnormal estrus decrease in the length of the estrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009019 abnormal metestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001927 abnormal estrous cycle any anomaly or aberrant timing of the phase of the estrous cycle which follows estrus when mature eggs move through the oviducts and into the uterus; the vulva is no longer bloated, and the vagina is now closed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009020 prolonged metestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009019 abnormal metestrus increase in the length of the metestrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009021 absent estrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009016 abnormal estrus absence or failure of the estrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009022 abnormal brain meninges morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005623 abnormal meninges morphology any structural anomaly in any of the membranes covering the brain, including the dura mater (external), arachnoid (middle), and pia mater (internal) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009023 abnormal spinal cord meninges morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005623 abnormal meninges morphology any structural anomaly in any of the membranes covering the spinal cord, including the dura mater (external), arachnoid (middle), and pia mater (internal) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009024 abnormal brain arachnoid mater morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009022 abnormal brain meninges morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous membrane forming the middle of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009025 abnormal brain dura mater morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009022 abnormal brain meninges morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous membrane forming the outer of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity; consists of two layers including the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009026 abnormal brain pia mater morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009022 abnormal brain meninges morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous membrane forming the innermost of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity that is firmly attached to the glial capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009027 abnormal subarachnoid space morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005623 abnormal meninges morphology any structural anomaly of the space between the arachnoid and pia mater that is traversed by fibrous trabeculae and contains cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009028 abnormal chiasmatic cistern morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009032 abnormal subarachnoid cistern morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the subarachnoid space that is located below and anterior to the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009029 abnormal basal cistern morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009032 abnormal subarachnoid cistern morphology any structural anomaly of the enclosed space where the arachnoid membrane stretches between the two temporal lobes and encloses the cerebral peduncles including the structures contained in the interpeduncular fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009030 abnormal pontine cistern morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009032 abnormal subarachnoid cistern morphology any structural anomaly of the space located on lateral aspects of the pons at the junction with the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009031 abnormal cerebellomedullary cistern morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009032 abnormal subarachnoid cistern morphology any structural anomaly of the largest of the subarachnoid spaces between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009032 abnormal subarachnoid cistern morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009027 abnormal subarachnoid space morphology any structural anomaly of the widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009033 abnormal posterior cerebellomedullary cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009031 abnormal cerebellomedullary cistern morphology any structural anomaly of the space between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009034 abnormal lateral cerebellomedullary cistern morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009031 abnormal cerebellomedullary cistern morphology any structural anomaly of the space between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009035 abnormal quadrigeminal cistern morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009032 abnormal subarachnoid cistern morphology any structural anomaly of the enclosed space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus that contains the internal cerebral veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009036 absent posterior cerebellomedullary cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009033 abnormal posterior cerebellomedullary cistern absence of the space between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009037 abnormal subarachnoid space development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009027 abnormal subarachnoid space morphology anomaly in the formation of the space between the arachnoid and pia mater that is traversed by fibrous trabeculae and contains cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009038 decreased inferior colliculus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology decreased size of the paired inferior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009039 absent inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology absence of the paired inferior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009040 absent superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology absence of the paired superior eminence of the mesencephalic tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009041 absent colliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000899 abnormal corpora quadrigemina morphology absence of the inferior and superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009042 pilar cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031309 skin cyst presence of one or more epithelial cysts of the skin arising from the outer root sheath of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009044 increased adrenal gland adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the adrenal gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009045 muscle tetany http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000743 muscle spasm a condition of mineral imbalance in the body that results in severe muscle spasms occurring when the concentration of calcium ions (Ca++) in extracellular fluids such as plasma falls below normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009047 short metestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009019 abnormal metestrus decrease in the length of the metestrous phase of the estrous cycle in female animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009048 enlarged tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006104 abnormal tectum morphology increased size of the rostral part of the midbrain roof http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009049 abnormal hallux morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology any structural anomaly of the first or primary digit of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009050 dilated proximal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004756 abnormal proximal convoluted tubule morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the proximal convoluted kidney tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009051 dilated distal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004757 abnormal distal convoluted tubule morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the distal convoluted kidney tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009052 anal stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009054 absent anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology absence of the terminal portion of the alimentary canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009055 abnormal internal anal sphincter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth muscle ring, formed by an increase of the circular muscle fibers of the rectum, situated at the upper end of the anal canal, internal to the outer voluntary external anal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009056 abnormal interleukin-21 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates immunoglobulin production, plasma cell and Th17 T cell differentiation, CD8+ T cell expansion, and inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009057 increased interleukin-21 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009056 abnormal interleukin-21 secretion increase in the production or release of a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates immunoglobulin production, plasma cell and Th17 T cell differentiation, CD8+ T cell expansion, and inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009058 decreased interleukin-21 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009056 abnormal interleukin-21 secretion reduction in the production or release of a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates immunoglobulin production, plasma cell and Th17 T cell differentiation, CD8+ T cell expansion, and inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009059 abnormal circulating interleukin-21 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates immunoglobulin production, plasma cell and Th17 T cell differentiation, CD8+ T cell expansion, and inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009060 increased circulating interleukin-21 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009059 abnormal circulating interleukin-21 level increase in the amount in the blood of a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates immunoglobulin production, plasma cell and Th17 T cell differentiation, CD8+ T cell expansion, and inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009061 decreased circulating interleukin-21 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009059 abnormal circulating interleukin-21 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates immunoglobulin production, plasma cell and Th17 T cell differentiation, CD8+ T cell expansion, and inhibits antigen presentation by dendritic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009062 impaired lectin complement pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002471 abnormal complement pathway abnormal function of the plasma protein cascade triggered by binding of lectin(s) to carbohydrate groups found on pathogen cell surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009063 abnormal oviduct size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003574 abnormal oviduct morphology anomaly in the average size of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009064 oviduct atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009070 small oviduct acquired diminution of the size of the oviduct associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009065 abnormal oviduct weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009063 abnormal oviduct size anomaly in the average weight of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009066 decreased oviduct weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009065 abnormal oviduct weight reduction in the average weight of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009067 increased oviduct weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009068 enlarged oviduct greater average weight of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009068 enlarged oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009063 abnormal oviduct size increased size of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009069 dilated oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009063 abnormal oviduct size an expansion in the volume or area of one or both tubes through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009071 short oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009070 small oviduct length reduction or truncation of the tube through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009072 absent cranial vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009077 abnormal cranial vagina morphology absence of the upper third of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva, usually due to a developmental arrest or agenesis of the caudal Mullerian ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009073 absent Wolffian ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003827 abnormal Wolffian duct morphology absence of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and later develop into the ductus deferens in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009074 Wolffian duct degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003827 abnormal Wolffian duct morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and later develop into the ductus deferens in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009075 rudimentary Wolffian ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003827 abnormal Wolffian duct morphology not fully developed or remnants of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and later develop into the ductus deferens in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009076 rudimentary Mullerian ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003826 abnormal Mullerian duct morphology not fully developed or remnants of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and in the female develop into the oviducts, uterus, and cranial vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009077 abnormal cranial vagina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology any structural anomaly of the upper third of the female reproductive canal located between the uterus and the vulva, usually due to a developmental arrest or agenesis of the caudal Mullerian ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009078 adrenal gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000642 enlarged adrenal glands increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the adrenal gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009079 prolapsed intervertebral disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology extrusion of the cartilaginous and gelatinous structure found between vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009080 uterus inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009671 abnormal uterus physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009081 thin uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002637 small uterus reduced thickness or depth of the female muscular organ of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009082 uterus cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled sacs inside the lumen of the uterus; usually refers to benign growths http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009083 uterus hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004906 enlarged uterus increase in the bulk size of the female muscular organ of gestation due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009084 blind uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology presence of a female muscular organ of gestation that ends in a blind segment or sac and does not communicate with the cervix or vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009085 abnormal uterine horn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology any structural anomaly of either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet; uterine horns are anterior Mullerian duct-derived structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009086 blind uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009085 abnormal uterine horn morphology presence of a blind-ended segment or pouch at the junction of the uterine horn and the uterine body; the blind horn is typically distended by fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009087 dilated uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009085 abnormal uterine horn morphology an expansion in the volume or area of one or both of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009088 thin uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009085 abnormal uterine horn morphology reduced thickness of either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009089 short uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009085 abnormal uterine horn morphology length reduction or truncation of either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009090 myometrium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008256 abnormal myometrium morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the myometrium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009091 endometrium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004896 abnormal endometrium morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the endometrium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009092 endometrium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004896 abnormal endometrium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the endometrium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009093 oocyte degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006361 abnormal female germ cell morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the female germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009094 abnormal endometrial gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004896 abnormal endometrium morphology any structural anomaly of the numerous simple or branched tubular glands lined by ciliated columnar epithelium and found in the mucus membrane of the uterus which secrete mucus, lipids, glycogen, and protein; endometrial glands and their secretions (termed histotroph) are critical regulators of peri-implantation embryo survival and implantation as well as establishment of uterine receptivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009095 abnormal endometrial gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009094 abnormal endometrial gland morphology abnormal number of the simple or branched tubular glands located in the mucous membrane of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009096 decreased endometrial gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009095 abnormal endometrial gland number fewer than normal numbers of the simple or branched tubular glands found in the mucus membrane of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009097 absent endometrial glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009095 abnormal endometrial gland number absence of the simple or branched tubular uterine glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009098 anovaginal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009053 abnormal anal canal morphology an abnormal anatomical passage that connects the anal canal and the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009099 abnormal uterine NK cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010766 abnormal NK cell physiology any functional anomaly of a natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidual of the uterus, is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative, and is the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009101 clitoris hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003530 small clitoris decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the clitoris, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009103 abnormal penile bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009102 abnormal glans penis morphology any structural anomaly of the unique bone located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans; it is used for copulation and varies in size and shape by species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009104 small penile bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009103 abnormal penile bone morphology size reduction or truncation of the unique bone of variable size and shape located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009105 penis prolapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology inability to withdraw the penis into the prepuce (the fold of skin covering the glans penis), other than a paraphimosis; not to be confused with phimosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009107 abnormal pancreas weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009106 abnormal pancreas size anomaly in the average weight of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009108 increased pancreas weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009107 abnormal pancreas weight increase in the average weight of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009109 decreased pancreas weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009107 abnormal pancreas weight reduction in the average weight of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009111 pancreas hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004247 small pancreas decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pancreas, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009112 abnormal pancreatic beta cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005217 abnormal pancreatic beta cell morphology anomaly in the total physical bulk or volume of a pancreatic beta cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009113 increased pancreatic beta cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009112 abnormal pancreatic beta cell mass greater total physical bulk or volume of a pancreatic beta cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009114 decreased pancreatic beta cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009112 abnormal pancreatic beta cell mass reduced total physical bulk or volume of a pancreatic beta cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology any structural anomaly of a fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009116 abnormal brown fat cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology any structural anomaly of cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in newborns of many species, including humans, and in hibernating mammals; brown fat is capable of rapid liberation of energy and seems to be important in the maintenance of body temperature immediately after birth and upon waking from hibernation; brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009117 abnormal white fat cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology any structural anomaly of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria; these contain a scant ring of cytoplasm surrounding a single large lipid droplet or vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009118 increased white fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009132 abnormal white fat cell size increase in the size of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009119 increased brown fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009135 abnormal brown fat cell size increase in the size of fat cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009120 abnormal white fat cell lipid droplet size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009117 abnormal white fat cell morphology anomaly in the size of the single large lipid droplet or vacuole of white fat cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009121 increased white fat cell lipid droplet size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009120 abnormal white fat cell lipid droplet size increase in the size of the single large lipid droplet or vacuole of white fat cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009122 decreased white fat cell lipid droplet size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009120 abnormal white fat cell lipid droplet size reduction in the size of the single large lipid droplet or vacuole of white fat cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009123 abnormal brown fat cell lipid droplet size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009116 abnormal brown fat cell morphology anomaly in the size of the multiple small droplets of triglycerides found in brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009124 increased brown fat cell lipid droplet size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009123 abnormal brown fat cell lipid droplet size increase in the size of the multiple small droplets of triglycerides found in brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009125 decreased brown fat cell lipid droplet size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009123 abnormal brown fat cell lipid droplet size reduction in the size of the multiple small droplets of triglycerides found in brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009126 abnormal brown fat cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009116 abnormal brown fat cell morphology anomaly in the number of fat cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009127 increased brown fat cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009126 abnormal brown fat cell number increase in the number of fat cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009128 decreased brown fat cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009126 abnormal brown fat cell number reduction in the number of fat cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009129 abnormal white fat cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009117 abnormal white fat cell morphology anomaly in the number of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009130 increased white fat cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009129 abnormal white fat cell number increase in the number of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009131 decreased white fat cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009129 abnormal white fat cell number reduction in the number of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009132 abnormal white fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009117 abnormal white fat cell morphology anomaly in the size of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009133 decreased white fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009269 decreased fat cell size reduction in the size of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009134 abnormal brown fat lipid droplet number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009116 abnormal brown fat cell morphology anomaly in the number of the multiple small droplets of triglycerides found in brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009135 abnormal brown fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009116 abnormal brown fat cell morphology anomaly in the size of fat cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009136 decreased brown fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009269 decreased fat cell size reduction in the size of fat cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009137 decreased brown fat lipid droplet number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009134 abnormal brown fat lipid droplet number reduction in the number of the multiple small droplets of triglycerides found in brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009138 increased brown fat lipid droplet number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009134 abnormal brown fat lipid droplet number increase in the number of the multiple small droplets of triglycerides found in brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009139 failure of Mullerian duct regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003826 abnormal Mullerian duct morphology failure of the transient embryonic paramesonephric ducts, which normally develop into the oviduct, uterus, cervix and upper vagina in the female, to regress in the male; persistence of Mullerian ducts is typically consistent with a loss of anti-Mullerian hormone signaling and may allow development of the female reproductive tract in males http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009140 dilated efferent ductule of testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004728 abnormal efferent ductules of testis morphology an expansion in the volume or area of the lumen of one or more of the small seminal ducts that lead from the testis to the head of the epididymis, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009141 increased prepulse inhibition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003088 abnormal prepulse inhibition increase in the ability of a relatively mild stimulus to suppress the response to a strong, startle-eliciting stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009142 decreased prepulse inhibition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003088 abnormal prepulse inhibition decrease in the ability of a relatively mild stimulus to suppress the response to a strong, startle-eliciting stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009143 abnormal pancreatic duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005220 abnormal exocrine pancreas morphology any structural anomaly of the excretory duct of the exocrine pancreas that collects fluid containing digestive enzymes and transports it to the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009144 dilated pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009143 abnormal pancreatic duct morphology an increase in volume of the luminal space of the excretory duct of the exocrine pancreas that collects fluid containing digestive enzymes and transports it to the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009145 abnormal pancreatic acinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005220 abnormal exocrine pancreas morphology any structural anomaly of the secretory units of the exocrine pancreas, where fluid containing digestive enzymes is produced; consists of a group of secretory cells surrounding a luminal space that connects to the pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009146 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009145 abnormal pancreatic acinus morphology any structural anomaly of the secretory cells of the exocrine pancreas that produce fluid containing digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009147 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010148 abnormal exocrine pancreas physiology any functional anomaly of the secretory cells of the exocrine pancreas that produce fluid containing digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009148 pancreas necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of pancreas tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009149 decreased pancreatic acinar cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009146 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell morphology reduced number of the secretory cells of the exocrine pancreas that produce fluid containing digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009150 pancreatic acinar cell atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013295 pancreas atrophy acquired diminution of the pancreatic acinar cells associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009151 increased pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009153 increased pancreas tumor incidence greater than the expected number of an adenocarcinoma that arises from the pancreatic ducts, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009152 increased pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009153 increased pancreas tumor incidence greater than the expected number of noninvasive pancreatic duct lesions that affect smaller caliber ducts and do not involve the main pancreatic duct, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009153 increased pancreas tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the pancreas occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009154 pancreatic acinar hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009145 abnormal pancreatic acinus morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pancreatic acinus, typically resulting in decreased size; in this context, normal cells are meant to include different cell types such as pancreatic acinar cells and pancreatic centro-acinar cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009155 pancreatic acinar hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009145 abnormal pancreatic acinus morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pancreatic acinus, typically resulting in increased size; in this context, normal cells are meant to include different cell types such as pancreatic acinar cells and pancreatic centro-acinar cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009156 absent pancreatic acini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009145 abnormal pancreatic acinus morphology absence of the secretory units of the exocrine pancreas, where fluid containing digestive enzymes is produced; consists of a group of secretory cells surrounding a luminal space that connects to the pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009157 ectopic pancreatic acinar cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009146 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell morphology abnormal position of one or more of the secretory cells of the exocrine pancreas that produce fluid containing digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009158 absent pancreatic acinar cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009146 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell morphology absence of the secretory cells of the exocrine pancreas that produce fluid containing digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009159 increased pancreatic acinar cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009146 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell morphology increased number of the secretory cells of the exocrine pancreas that produce fluid containing digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009160 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell zymogen granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009146 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell morphology any structural anomaly of a membrane-bounded, cytoplasmic secretory granule found in pancreatic acinar cells and contains inactive digestive enzyme precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009161 pancreatic acinar cell zymogen granule accumulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009160 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell zymogen granule morphology a gradually increasing number of membrane-bounded, cytoplasmic secretory granules found in pancreatic acinar cells that contain inactive digestive enzyme precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009162 absent pancreatic acinar cell zymogen granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009160 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell zymogen granule morphology absence of a membrane-bounded, cytoplasmic secretory granule found in pancreatic acinar cells and contains inactive digestive enzyme precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009163 absent pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009143 abnormal pancreatic duct morphology absence of the excretory duct of the exocrine pancreas that collects fluid containing digestive enzymes and transports it to the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009164 exocrine pancreas atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013295 pancreas atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the acinar gland portion of the pancreas that secretes digestive enzymes, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009165 abnormal endocrine pancreas morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013560 abnormal endocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of the smaller portion of the pancreas that secretes a number of hormones into the blood stream that are produced by the cells in the islets of Langerhans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009166 abnormal pancreatic islet number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology anomaly in the number of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009167 increased pancreatic islet number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009166 abnormal pancreatic islet number increase in the number of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009168 decreased pancreatic islet number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009166 abnormal pancreatic islet number reduction in the number of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009169 pancreatic islet hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009172 small pancreatic islets decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pancreatic islets, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009170 abnormal pancreatic islet size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology anomaly in the size of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009171 enlarged pancreatic islets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009170 abnormal pancreatic islet size increase in the size of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009172 small pancreatic islets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009170 abnormal pancreatic islet size decrease in the size of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009173 absent pancreatic islets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009168 decreased pancreatic islet number absence of the clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009174 absent pancreatic beta cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003339 decreased pancreatic beta cell number absence of the cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009175 abnormal pancreatic beta cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011932 abnormal endocrine pancreas development atypical production of or inability to produce the cells that secrete insulin and are located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and/or accumulation of pancreatic beta cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009176 increased pancreatic alpha cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020577 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell number increase in the number of the cells of the pancreas that secrete glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009177 decreased pancreatic alpha cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020577 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell number reduction in the number of the cells of the pancreas that secrete glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009178 absent pancreatic alpha cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009177 decreased pancreatic alpha cell number absence of the cells of the pancreas that secrete glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009179 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011932 abnormal endocrine pancreas development atypical production of or inability to produce the cells of the pancreas that secrete glucagon, and/or accumulation of pancreatic alpha cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009180 increased pancreatic delta cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020579 abnormal pancreatic delta cell number increased number of the cells found in the pancreas that secrete somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009181 decreased pancreatic delta cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020579 abnormal pancreatic delta cell number reduced number of the cells found in the pancreas that secrete somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009182 absent pancreatic delta cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009181 decreased pancreatic delta cell number absence of the cells found in the pancreas that secrete somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009183 abnormal pancreatic delta cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011932 abnormal endocrine pancreas development atypical production of or inability to produce the cells found in the pancreas that secrete somatostatin, and/or accumulation of pancreatic delta cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009184 abnormal PP cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology any structural anomaly of the polygonal pancreatic polypeptide producing cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009185 increased PP cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009184 abnormal PP cell morphology increased number of the polygonal pancreatic polypeptide producing cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009186 decreased PP cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009184 abnormal PP cell morphology reduced number of the polygonal pancreatic polypeptide producing cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009187 absent PP cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009186 decreased PP cell number absence of the polygonal pancreatic polypeptide producing cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009188 abnormal PP cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011932 abnormal endocrine pancreas development atypical production of or inability to produce the polygonal pancreatic polypeptide producing cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and/or accumulation of PP cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009189 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology any structural anomaly of the endocrine cells found in the Islets of Langerhans that produce the hormone ghrelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009190 increased pancreatic epsilon cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020580 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell number increase in the number of the endocrine cells found in the Islets of Langerhans that produce the hormone ghrelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009191 decreased pancreatic epsilon cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020580 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell number reduction in the number of the endocrine cells found in the Islets of Langerhans that produce the hormone ghrelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009192 absent pancreatic epsilon cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009191 decreased pancreatic epsilon cell number absence of the endocrine cells found in the Islets of Langerhans that produce the hormone ghrelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009193 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011932 abnormal endocrine pancreas development atypical production of or inability to produce the endocrine cells found in the Islets of Langerhans that produce the hormone ghrelin, and/or accumulation of pancreatic epsilon cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009194 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010147 abnormal endocrine pancreas physiology any functional anomaly of the endocrine cells found in the Islets of Langerhans that produce the hormone ghrelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009195 abnormal PP cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010147 abnormal endocrine pancreas physiology any functional anomaly of the polygonal pancreatic polypeptide producing cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009196 abnormal pancreatic ghrelin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009194 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell physiology anomaly in the production and/or regulated release from pancreatic epsilon cells of a 28-amino acid, acylated, orexigenic peptide that acts centrally to stimulate growth hormone secretion and food intake, and peripherally to regulate energy homeostasis; it is cleaved from a large precursor protein, known as appetite-regulating hormone or motilin-related peptide, which contains both ghrelin and obestatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009197 abnormal pancreatic polypeptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009195 abnormal PP cell physiology anomaly in the production and/or regulated release of the 36-amino acid pancreatic hormone that is secreted mainly by endocrine cells found at the periphery of the islets of Langerhans in response to ingestions, and regulates gastric secretion, gastric emptying, pancreatic enzyme secretion, and appetite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009198 abnormal male genitalia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001145 abnormal male reproductive system morphology any structural anomaly of the masculine organs of reproduction or generation, external or internal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009200 enlarged external male genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009199 abnormal external male genitalia morphology increased size of the external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009201 external male genitalia atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009202 small external male genitalia acquired diminution of the size of the external masculine genital organs, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009202 small external male genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009199 abnormal external male genitalia morphology reduced size of the external masculine genital organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009203 external male genitalia hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009202 small external male genitalia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the external male genitalia, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009204 absent external male genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009199 abnormal external male genitalia morphology absence of the external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009206 absent internal male genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology absence of the internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009207 internal male genitalia hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the internal male genitalia, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009210 absent internal female genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009209 abnormal internal female genitalia morphology absence of the internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009211 absent external female genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology absence of the external feminine genital organs, collectively known as the vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009212 vulva atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003527 small vulva acquired diminution of the size of the external feminine genital organs, collectively known as the vulva, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009213 absent male inguinal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008016 abnormal male inguinal canal morphology absence of the passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord, nerves and vessels normally pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009214 vas deferens hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002769 abnormal vas deferens morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vas deferens, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009215 absent uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009085 abnormal uterine horn morphology absence of either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009216 abnormal peritoneum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003257 abnormal abdominal wall morphology any structural anomaly of the serous sac, consisting of mesothelium and a thin external layer of irregular connective tissue, that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and covers most of the viscera contained therein; it forms two sacs: the peritoneal (or greater) sac and the omental bursa (lesser sac) connected by the omental foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009217 abnormal peritoneal vaginal process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009216 abnormal peritoneum morphology any structural anomaly of the peritoneal diverticulum in the embryonic lower anterior abdominal wall that traverses the inguinal canal; in the male it forms the tunica vaginalis testis and normally loses its connection with the peritoneal cavity; a persistent processus vaginalis in the female is known as the canal of Nuck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009218 absent peritoneal vaginal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009217 abnormal peritoneal vaginal process morphology absence of the peritoneal diverticulum in the embryonic lower anterior abdominal wall that traverses the inguinal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009219 increased prostate intraepithelial neoplasia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010357 increased prostate gland tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a non-invasive neoplastic proliferation of the epithelial cells that line the acini and the ducts of the prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009220 increased prostate gland adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010357 increased prostate gland tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm arising from prostate tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009221 uterus adenomyosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology a benign invasion of myometrium by endometrial tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009223 increased uterus carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009222 increased uterus tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant neoplasms derived from uterine epithelial cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009224 absent endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004896 abnormal endometrium morphology absence of the glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009225 abnormal uterine cervix size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001135 abnormal uterine cervix morphology anomaly in the size of the lower opening of the uterus to the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009226 small uterine cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009225 abnormal uterine cervix size reduced size of the lower opening of the uterus to the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009227 uterine cervix hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009226 small uterine cervix decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the uterine cervix, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009228 uterine cervix inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009671 abnormal uterus physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009229 abnormal neurohypophysis median eminence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004164 abnormal neurohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of the raised area at the infundibular region of the neurohypophysis where the secretions of the hypothalamic neurons (releasing and inhibiting regulatory hormones) collect before entering the capillary network of hypophyseal portal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005578 teratozoospermia any structural anomaly of the head segment of the sperm cell which contains the nucleus with densely coiled chromatin fibers, and is surrounded anteriorly by the acrosome which contains enzymes used for penetrating the female egg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009231 detached acrosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008898 abnormal acrosome morphology detachment or loss of adhesion of the acrosome cap from the sperm head nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009232 abnormal sperm nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology any structural anomaly of the sperm head nucleus, including an abnormal nuclear shape or defects in the compaction of nuclear chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009233 enlarged sperm head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology increased size of the head segment of the sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009234 absent sperm head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology absence of the head segment of the sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009235 small sperm head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology reduced size of the head segment of the sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009236 pinhead sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009235 small sperm head a sperm head that is unusually oblong in shape and much smaller than normal; typically, pinhead sperm result when the centrioles from which the sperm tails develop are not correctly aligned opposite the developing acrosome so that sperm heads are lost and absorbed during epididymal transit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009237 kinked sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology a sharp bend or zigzag in the sperm tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009238 coiled sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology abnormal twisting of the sperm flagellum into coils or spirals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009239 short sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology decreased length of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon that provides sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009240 elongated sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology increased length of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon that provides sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009241 thick sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031351 abnormal sperm flagellum thickness increased distance across the short axis of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon that provides sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009242 thin sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031351 abnormal sperm flagellum thickness reduced distance across the short axis of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon that provides sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009243 hairpin sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology a structural alteration where the sperm flagellum becomes bent back (folded) on itself to form a hairpin (loop) structure; a sharp hairpin-like bend formation can disrupt the axial structures and cause the sperm tail to become kinked http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009244 abnormal acid-activated cation-mediated receptor currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission change in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of acid-activated cation-mediated receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009245 caudal rachischisis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology congenitial fissure of the vertebral column at the caudal end of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009246 pale spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology spleen lacks normal reddish coloration; often occurs with a bloodless or reduced vasculature condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009247 meteorism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology condition in which excess gas accumulates in the gastrointestinal tract or peritoneal cavity, often resulting in abdominal distention, excess flatulence and/or belching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009248 small caput epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002660 abnormal caput epididymis morphology decrease in the average size of the head of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009249 enlarged caput epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002660 abnormal caput epididymis morphology increase in the average size of the head of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009251 enlarged endometrial glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009094 abnormal endometrial gland morphology increase in the average size of the simple or branched tubular glands located in the mucous membrane of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009252 absent urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology absence of the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009253 abnormal sympathetic neuron physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010055 abnormal sensory neuron physiology any functional anomaly of any of the neurons of the part of the autonomic nervous system that innervates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands and mediates the body's response to stressful situations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009254 disorganized pancreatic islets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005215 abnormal pancreatic islet morphology derangement of the normal pattern of the hormone-producing cells within an islet; normally, the beta cells occupy the central portion of the islet and are surrounded by a corona of alpha and delta cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009255 degranulated pancreatic beta cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005217 abnormal pancreatic beta cell morphology insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas do not contain vesicles containing insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009256 enlarged corpus epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002661 abnormal corpus epididymis morphology increase in the average size of the body of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009257 dilated seminiferous tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002216 abnormal seminiferous tubule morphology the luminal space of one or more of the seminiferous tubules is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009258 abnormal thymocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006412 abnormal T cell apoptosis change in the timing or the number of immature T cells located in the thymus that are undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009259 abnormal vestibular saccule duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology any structural anomaly of the saccular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the sacculus to the endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009260 abnormal utricle duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology any structural anomaly of the utricular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the utriculus to the endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009261 abnormal utricle valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006090 abnormal utricle morphology any structural anomaly of the utriculo-endolymphatic (UE) valve which is located in the antero-inferior wall of the utricle at the orifice of the utricular duct and serves to regulate endolymph volume in the endolymphatic sac, the utricle and the canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009262 absent semicircular canal ampulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008488 abnormal semicircular canal ampulla morphology absence of the spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009263 abnormal eyelid fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009651 abnormal eyelid development anomaly in the process by which the upper and lower eyelids are joined during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009264 failure of eyelid fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009263 abnormal eyelid fusion the upper and lower thin folds of skin and muscle that cover the exposed portion of the eye do not fuse together during development; normally fused by E17 in the mouse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009265 delayed eyelid fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009263 abnormal eyelid fusion later than average time of the joining of the upper and lower thin folds of skin and muscle that cover the exposed portion of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009266 abnormal mesendoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001685 abnormal endoderm development failure or abnormality in the formation of the embryonic cell layer that gives rise to both the endoderm and mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009267 abnormal cerebellum fissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum, including the postcentral, primary and secondary furrows http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009268 absent cerebellum fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009267 abnormal cerebellum fissure morphology absence of the deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum, including the postcentral, primary and secondary furrows http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009269 decreased fat cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology reduction in the size of fat-storing cells found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009270 abnormal guard hair length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000397 abnormal guard hair morphology anomaly in the length of the long, straight truncal hairs that contain two air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009271 increased guard hair length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009270 abnormal guard hair length increase in the length of the long, straight truncal hairs that contain two air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009272 decreased guard hair length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009270 abnormal guard hair length reduction in the length of the long, straight truncal hairs that contain two air cells in the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009273 abnormal hair shaft melanin granule shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008731 abnormal hair shaft melanin granule morphology the form of pigment polymers in the hair shaft differs compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009274 buphthalmos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001296 macrophthalmia abnormal enlargement of the eye that is usually congenital and attended by symptoms of glaucoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009275 bruising http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008817 hematoma an injury to biological tissue in which the capillaries are damaged, allowing blood to seep into the surrounding tissue; it should not be confused with ecchymosis, though the terms are related http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009276 ecchymosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance an ecchymosis is a spot caused by loss of blood from a vessel; it implies a larger size than a petechiae, and has a more diffuse border than purpura; an ecchymosis can be caused by a bruise (which implies trauma), but can also be caused by bleeding diathesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009277 increased brain tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of abnormal rapidly proliferating cells in the brain, usually in the form of a distinct mass, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009278 abnormal bone marrow cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001545 abnormal hematopoietic system physiology any functional anomaly of any of the cells found in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009279 abnormal activated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002674 abnormal sperm motility any anomaly in the type of sperm mobility that is observed in freshly ejaculated sperm and is thought to help propel the sperm through the female reproductive tract to the oviduct; normally, the flagellum of an activated sperm generates a symmetrical, lower amplitude waveform that drives the sperm in a relatively straight line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009280 decreased activated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009279 abnormal activated sperm motility loss or reduction of the activated type of sperm mobility, resulting in immotile sperm that are generally unable to reach the uterotubal junction; decreases in activated sperm motility may result in reduced male fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009281 abnormal hyperactivated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002674 abnormal sperm motility any anomaly in the type of sperm motility that is observed in most sperm recovered from the site of fertilization and is thought to help sperm detach from the oviductal epithelium, reach the site of fertilization, and penetrate the cumulus and zona pellucida of the oocyte; normally, once sperm from most species become hyperactivated, the flagellar beat becomes asymmetrical and higher amplitude, resulting in circular or figure-eight trajectories http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009282 decreased hyperactivated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009281 abnormal hyperactivated sperm motility loss or reduction of the hyperactivated type of sperm mobility, impairing the ability of sperm to reach the site of fertilization and to penetrate the oocyte vestments; a block in hyperactivated motility may also impair the ability of a sperm to fertilize an oocyte in vitro http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009283 decreased gonadal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005335 abnormal gonadal fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the ovaries or testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009284 abnormal sympathetic neuron innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation any changes in the placement, morphology or number of nerve fibers to sympathetic termini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009285 increased gonadal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005335 abnormal gonadal fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the ovaries or testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009286 increased abdominal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue in the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009287 decreased abdominal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue in the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009288 increased epididymal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020998 abnormal epididymal fat pad weight greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009289 decreased epididymal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020998 abnormal epididymal fat pad weight less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009290 increased femoral fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008905 abnormal femoral fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009291 decreased femoral fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008905 abnormal femoral fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009292 increased inguinal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005336 abnormal inguinal fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009293 decreased inguinal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005336 abnormal inguinal fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009294 increased interscapular fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006320 abnormal interscapular fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue located between the scapulae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009295 decreased interscapular fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006320 abnormal interscapular fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue located between the scapulae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009296 increased mammary fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008904 abnormal mammary fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009297 decreased mammary fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008904 abnormal mammary fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009298 increased mesenteric fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008903 abnormal mesenteric fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009299 decreased mesenteric fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008903 abnormal mesenteric fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009300 increased parametrial fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008906 abnormal parametrial fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009301 decreased parametrial fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008906 abnormal parametrial fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009302 increased renal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008902 abnormal renal fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009303 decreased renal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008902 abnormal renal fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009304 increased retroperitoneal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005337 abnormal retroperitoneal fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009305 decreased retroperitoneal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005337 abnormal retroperitoneal fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009306 increased uterine fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008900 abnormal uterine fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009307 decreased uterine fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008900 abnormal uterine fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009309 increased small intestine adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002957 increased intestinal adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009310 increased large intestine adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002957 increased intestinal adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009311 increased duodenum adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009309 increased small intestine adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009312 increased jejunum adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009309 increased small intestine adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009313 increased cecum adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009310 increased large intestine adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009314 increased colon adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009310 increased large intestine adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009315 increased rectum adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009310 increased large intestine adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009316 increased anal adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009310 increased large intestine adenocarcinoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009317 increased follicular lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002023 increased B cell derived lymphoma incidence higher than normal incidence of malignant lymphoma arising from lymphoid follicular B cells which may be small or large http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009318 increased splenic marginal zone lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002023 increased B cell derived lymphoma incidence higher than normal incidence of neoplasms arising from the B cell-rich zones of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009319 increased small lymphocytic lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002023 increased B cell derived lymphoma incidence higher than normal incidence of lymphocytic leukemia where the lymphocytes are not increased in the peripheral blood, but lymph nodes are enlarged and other lymphoid tissue or bone marrow is infiltrated by small lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009320 increased lymphoblastic lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002024 increased T cell derived lymphoma incidence higher than normal incidence of diffuse lymphoma with supradiaphragmatic distribution and T lymphocytes having convoluted nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009321 increased histiocytic sarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012431 increased lymphoma incidence greater than the expected number of malignant tumors derived from histiocytes in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009322 increased splenocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009340 abnormal splenocyte apoptosis increase in the number of spleen cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009323 abnormal spleen development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020981 abnormal immune system development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the organ that filters blood and stores red corpuscles and platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009324 absent hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology absence of the flattened band of efferent fibers arising from the subiculum and medial border of the hippocampus, which eventually thickens to form the fornix and fibers of the hippocampal commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009325 necrospermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002673 abnormal sperm number condition in which spermatozoa in seminal fluid are dead or motionless http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009326 absent maternal crouching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001382 abnormal nursing females do not assume a position over young that facilitates suckling behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009327 abnormal maternal grooming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001386 abnormal maternal nurturing females show an anomaly in eliciting the cleaning or tactile stimulus level necessary to initiate nursing by offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009328 delayed heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012082 delayed heart development late onset of the initiation and/or completion of looping of the primitive heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009329 abnormal primitive pit morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology any structural anomaly of the small depression in the primitive streak that is caudal to the primitive node where the cells of the epiblast initially begin to invaginate during early embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009330 abnormal primitive groove morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology any structural anomaly of the shallow valley that extends along the length of the primitive streak http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009331 absent primitive node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004066 abnormal primitive node morphology absence of the regional thickening of cells at the rostral tip of the vertebrate primitive streak through which gastrulating cells migrate anteriorally to form tissues in the future head and neck; this region organizes the formation of the three embryonic layers and establishes the longitudinal axis and the polarity of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009332 abnormal splenocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology any structural anomaly of a cell of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009333 abnormal splenocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008737 abnormal spleen physiology any functional anomaly of a cell of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009334 abnormal splenocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009333 abnormal splenocyte physiology anomaly in the ability of a splenocyte cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009335 decreased splenocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009334 abnormal splenocyte proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a splenocyte cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009336 increased splenocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009334 abnormal splenocyte proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a splenocyte cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009337 abnormal splenocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009332 abnormal splenocyte morphology deviation from the expected number of cells of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009338 increased splenocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009337 abnormal splenocyte number increase in the expected number of cells of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009339 decreased splenocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009337 abnormal splenocyte number reduction in the expected number of cells of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009340 abnormal splenocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009333 abnormal splenocyte physiology deviation in the number of spleen cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009341 decreased splenocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009340 abnormal splenocyte apoptosis reduction in the number of spleen cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009342 enlarged gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013328 visceromegaly increased size of the gall bladder, the organ that serves as a storage reservoir for bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009343 dilated gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005084 abnormal gallbladder morphology abnormal distention of the gall bladder due to accumulation of fluid or bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009345 abnormal trabecular bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000130 abnormal trabecular bone morphology anomaly in the width of bone that has a lattice-like or spongy structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009346 decreased trabecular bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009345 abnormal trabecular bone thickness thinner than normal bone with a lattice-like or spongy structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009347 increased trabecular bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009345 abnormal trabecular bone thickness thicker than normal bone with a lattice-like or spongy structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009348 abnormal urine pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any anomaly in urinary pH, indicating alterations in urine acidity or alkalinity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009349 increased urine pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009348 abnormal urine pH increased urine alkalinity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009350 decreased urine pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009348 abnormal urine pH increased urine acidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009351 thin hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology the average diameter of coat hair is less than the average diameter of hair from normal individuals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009352 impaired spacing of implantation sites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation in organisms which give birth to multiple offspring in one litter, blastocysts fail to implant at intervals conducive to the formation of a normal enveloping membrane or decidua for each conceptus from the epithelial tissue of the endometrium lining of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009353 twin decidual capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation two embryos share one decidual membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009354 emprosthotonos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003492 abnormal involuntary movement a form of tetanic spasm in which the head and feet are drawn forward and the spine arches backward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009355 increased liver triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012778 abnormal liver triglyceride level greater concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in the liver; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009356 decreased liver triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012778 abnormal liver triglyceride level reduced concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in the liver; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liverower than normal concentration of triacylglycerols in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009359 endometrium atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004896 abnormal endometrium morphology acquired diminution of the size of the uterine endometrium, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009360 endometrium inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009080 uterus inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009361 abnormal primordial ovarian follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology any structural anomaly in the ovarian follicle that is indiscernible to the naked eye and develops into to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009362 abnormal primary ovarian follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology any structural anomaly in the ovarian follicle that is characterized by the presence of a single layer of granulosa cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009363 abnormal tertiary ovarian follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology any structural anomaly in the ovarian follicle in which the primary oocyte attains its full size and is surrounded by an extracellular glycoprotein layer (zona pellucida) that separates it from a peripheral layer of follicular cells permeated by one or more fluid-filled antra; the primary oocyte occupies the cumulus oophorus while the theca of the follicle develops into internal and external layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009365 abnormal theca cell layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology any structural anomaly in the envelope of condensed connective tissue surrounding an ovarian follicle starting at the secondary follicle stage; the theca folliculi are divided into two layers, an internal vascular layer (tunica interna) and an external fibrous layer (tunica externa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009366 abnormal theca interna morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009365 abnormal theca cell layer morphology any structural anomaly in the inner cellular and vascular layer of the theca of a secondary ovarian follicle; evidence indicates that the epithelioid cells produce androgens and contribute to the formation of the corpus luteum after ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009367 abnormal theca externa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009365 abnormal theca cell layer morphology any structural anomaly in the external fibrous layer of the theca of a secondary ovarian follicle; the theca externa contains abundant collagen and is mainly supportive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009368 absent theca folliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009365 abnormal theca cell layer morphology absence of the internal, external or both layers of the sheath of stroma surrounding a secondary ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009369 abnormal theca cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009365 abnormal theca cell layer morphology abnormal numbers of cells in the sheath of stroma surrounding a secondary ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009370 decreased theca cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009369 abnormal theca cell number fewer than normal numbers of cells in the sheath of stroma surrounding a secondary ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009371 increased theca cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009369 abnormal theca cell number greater than normal numbers of cells in the sheath of stroma surrounding a secondary ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009372 abnormal cumulus oophorus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008868 abnormal granulosa cell morphology atypical formation of or inability to produce a mass of epithelial granulosa cells around the oocyte in the maturing Graafian follicle; the cumulus oophorus begins to expand dramatically when cumulus cells are induced to synthesize hyaluronic acid which aggregates in a viscous intercellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009373 abnormal cumulus expansion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001130 abnormal ovarian folliculogenesis anomaly in the ability of the cumulus cells to synthesize and accumulate hyaluronan into an extracellular matrix (ECM), which provides an essential microenvironment for oocyte fertilization; this expanded ECM binds the oocyte and the cumulus cells together, protects the oocyte from the proteolytic and mechanical stresses during extrusion, and allows sperm binding, penetration, and fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009374 absent cumulus expansion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009373 abnormal cumulus expansion complete inability of the cumulus cells to secrete an extensive extracellular matrix required for successful fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009375 thin zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003696 abnormal zona pellucida morphology reduced thickness of the solid transparent outer membrane that surrounds the developing ovum and embryo prior to implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009376 abnormal manchette morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006380 abnormal spermatid morphology any structural anomaly of the conic array of microtubules that invests the posterior nucleus of a spermatid, and is believed to play a role in definitive posterior head-shaping events during spermiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009377 ectopic manchette http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009376 abnormal manchette morphology abnormal position of the conic array of microtubules that normally invests the posterior nucleus of a spermatid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009378 abnormal endoplasmic reticulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any structural anomaly of irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009381 abnormal prostate gland dorsolateral lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology any structural anomaly of the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009382 abnormal cardiac jelly morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of the gelatinous noncellular material between the endothelial lining and the myocardial layer of the developing heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009384 cardiac valve regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011926 abnormal heart valve physiology the backward reflux of blood through a cardiac valve, due to insufficiency caused by disease, aging or congenital malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009385 abnormal dermal pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation anomaly in the coloration of the dermal layer of the skin due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009386 abnormal dermal melanocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009385 abnormal dermal pigmentation any structural anomaly of the cells that produce pigment in the dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009387 abnormal epidermal pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation anomaly in the coloration of the epidermal layer of the skin due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009388 abnormal epidermal melanocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009387 abnormal epidermal pigmentation any structural anomaly of the cells that produce pigment in the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009390 abnormal otic pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009389 abnormal extracutaneous pigmentation any anomaly in the pigment or pigment-producing cells of the inner ear resulting in abnormal melanoblast numbers, distribution, or pigment during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009391 abnormal leptomeninges pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009389 abnormal extracutaneous pigmentation any anomaly in the coloring of the two innermost layers of the meninges, including the pia mater and the arachnoid, due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009392 retina gliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology increased proliferation of neuroglia in a damaged area of the retina that may lead to the formation of scar tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009393 abnormal resting posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001504 abnormal posture atypical intentionally or habitually assumed position of the limbs compared to normal carriage when the body is inactive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009394 increased uterine NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008054 abnormal uterine NK cell morphology increased cell number of a natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidual of the uterus, is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative, and is the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009395 increased nucleated erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012397 abnormal nucleated erythrocyte cell number presence of increased numbers of nucleated red blood cells at stages when these cells are normally replaced by mature, enucleated, red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009396 small endometrial glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009094 abnormal endometrial gland morphology decrease in the average size of the simple or branched tubular glands located in the mucous membrane of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009397 increased trophoblast giant cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005033 abnormal trophoblast giant cell morphology greater than normal number of cells of the extraembryonic cell layer that contributes to the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009398 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003084 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber morphology anomaly in the size of the large multinucleated cells that make up the skeletal muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009399 increased skeletal muscle fiber size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009398 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber size increase in the size of the large multinucleated cells that make up the skeletal muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009400 decreased skeletal muscle fiber size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009398 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber size decrease in the size of the large multinucleated cells that make up the skeletal muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009401 increased skeletal muscle fiber diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009399 increased skeletal muscle fiber size increased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of a skeletal muscle fiber, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009402 decreased skeletal muscle fiber diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009400 decreased skeletal muscle fiber size decreased width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of a skeletal muscle fiber, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009403 increased variability of skeletal muscle fiber size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009398 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber size greater range or dispersion within a distribution of skeletal muscle fiber size within a muscle compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009404 centrally nucleated skeletal muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003084 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber morphology cell nuclei are located at a position in the center of the skeletal myofiber, instead of their normal location at the periphery of the fiber; may be indicative of centronuclear myopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009405 increased skeletal muscle fiber number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003084 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber morphology increased number of the skeletal muscle fibers, the large multinucleated cells that make up the skeletal muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009406 decreased skeletal muscle fiber number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003084 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber morphology decreased number of the skeletal muscle fibers, the large multinucleated cells that make up the skeletal muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009407 increased skeletal muscle fiber density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology increase in the number of skeletal muscle fibers in a given cross-sectional area of a skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009408 decreased skeletal muscle fiber density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology decrease in the number of skeletal muscle fibers in a given cross-sectional area of a skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009409 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber type ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology deviation from the standard ratios of fiber types in a given skeletal muscle compared to control samples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009410 abnormal skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology anomaly in the ability of the elongated, spindle-shaped cells located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of a muscle fiber to undergo expansion by cell division, usually triggered by injury or disease; these cells are mostly quiescent, but upon activation they divide to produce cells that generate new muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009411 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber triad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003084 abnormal skeletal muscle fiber morphology any structural anomaly of the skeletal muscle fiber structure comprised of the transverse tubule and the two associated terminal cisternae; each fiber normally has thousands of triads http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009412 skeletal muscle fiber degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009415 skeletal muscle degeneration pathological deterioration of skeletal muscle fiber tissue, often accompanied by loss of function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009413 skeletal muscle fiber atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009417 skeletal muscle atrophy acquired diminution of the size of skeletal muscle fibers associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes; occurs with age, immobilization, weightlessness, malnutrition or denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009414 skeletal muscle fiber necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003852 skeletal muscle necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of skeletal muscle fiber tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009415 skeletal muscle degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology pathological deterioration of skeletal muscle tissue, often accompanied by loss of function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009416 cardiac muscle degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010630 abnormal cardiac muscle tissue morphology pathological deterioration of cardiac muscle tissue, often accompanied by loss of function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009417 skeletal muscle atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010240 decreased skeletal muscle size acquired diminution of the size of skeletal muscle tissue associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes; occurs with age, immobilization, weightlessness, malnutrition or denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009418 cardiac muscle atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010630 abnormal cardiac muscle tissue morphology acquired diminution of cardiac muscle tissue associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes; occurs with age, immobilization, weightlessness, malnutrition or denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009420 skeletal muscle endomysial fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009419 skeletal muscle fibrosis replacement of the layer of connective tissue that ensheaths a muscle fiber by fibrous tissue resulting in separation of individual fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009421 increased gastrocnemius weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013188 abnormal gastrocnemius weight increase in the weight of the two-headed large muscle of the posterior portion of the lower hindleg, the most superficial of the calf muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009422 decreased gastrocnemius weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013188 abnormal gastrocnemius weight reduction in the weight of the two-headed large muscle of the posterior portion of the lower hindleg, the most superficial of the calf muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009423 increased extensor digitorum longus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012783 abnormal extensor digitorum longus weight increase in the weight of the penniform muscle of the lateral front part of the leg responsible for extension of the toes and dorsiflexion of the ankle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009424 decreased extensor digitorum longus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012783 abnormal extensor digitorum longus weight reduction in the weight of the penniform muscle of the lateral front part of the leg responsible for extension of the toes and dorsiflexion of the ankle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009425 increased soleus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020165 abnormal soleus weight increase in the weight of the superficial flat broad muscle of the calf that is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009426 decreased soleus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020165 abnormal soleus weight reduction in the weight of the superficial flat broad muscle of the calf that is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009427 increased tibialis anterior weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020166 abnormal tibialis anterior weight increase in the weight of the muscle of the shin that is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009428 decreased tibialis anterior weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020166 abnormal tibialis anterior weight redcution in the weight of the muscle of the shin that is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009429 decreased embryo weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001698 decreased embryo size reduced weight of an embryo compared to littermates or other controls (sensu Mus: up to E14, or the completion of organogenesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009430 increased embryo weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001699 increased embryo size increase in the weight of an embryo compared to littermates or other controls (sensu Mus: up to E14, or the completion of organogenesis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009431 decreased fetal weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004200 decreased fetal size reduced weight of a fetus compared to controls (sensu Mus: from E14 through birth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009432 increased fetal weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004199 increased fetal size increase in the weight of a fetus compared to controls (sensu Mus: from E14 through birth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009433 polyovular ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology an ovarian follicle containing more than one oocyte (ovum) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009434 paraparesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031204 hindlimb paresis a weakness affecting both lower or hind limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009435 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission defect in the size or duration of spontaneous currents detected in postsynaptic cells that occur in the absence of an inhibitory impulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009436 fragmentation of sleep/wake states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001501 abnormal sleep pattern short bouts of sleep/wake stages with an increased number of transitions among these stages compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009437 arytenoid and cricoid cartilage fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002258 abnormal cricoid cartilage morphology union of the arytenoid and cricoid cartilages into one structure, when this fusion does not normally occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009438 cricoid and tracheal cartilage fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003120 abnormal tracheal cartilage morphology union of the cricoid cartilage and one or more of the tracheal rings into one structure, when this fusion does not normally occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009439 increased myeloid sarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010354 increased odontosarcoma incidence higher than normal incidence of a malignant tumor of immature myeloid cells, often associated with or preceeding granulocytic leukemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009440 increased myeloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010296 increased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a bone marrow cancer in which abnormal plasma cells multiply uncontrollably in the bone marrow and occasionally in other parts of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009441 delayed skin barrier formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003941 abnormal skin development slowed progression in the establishment of the ability of the skin to regulate water loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009442 increased ovarian teratoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008000 increased ovary tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a usually benign tumor found in the ovary, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; ovarian teratomas are typically the result of an anomaly of oogenesis and typically contains a diversity of tissues often representing all organ systems e.g. hair, teeth, bone, thyroid, nerve tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009443 parthenogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005168 abnormal female meiosis development of an egg into a diploid embryo without being fertilized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009444 ovarian follicular cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002016 ovary cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled membranous sacs arising when ovarian follicles fail to rupture during ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009445 osteomalacia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002896 abnormal bone mineralization gradual softening and bending of the bones due to failure of osteoid tissue to calcify as a result of vitamin D deficiency or renal tubular dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009446 abnormal platelet dense granule physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005464 abnormal platelet physiology any functional anomaly of the specialized secretory organelles located in the small, irregularly shaped anuclear cells derived from fragmentation of precursor megakaryocytes that contain adenine nucleotides (ADP and ATP), ionized calcium, histamine, serotonin, and epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009447 abnormal platelet ATP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014244 abnormal cellular ATP level anomaly in the amount of the major energy source adenosine triphosphate produced by dense bodies located in platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009448 decreased platelet ATP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014246 decreased cellular ATP level reduced concentration of the major energy source adenosine triphosphate produced by dense bodies located in platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009449 increased platelet ATP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014245 increased cellular ATP level increased concentration of the major energy source adenosine triphosphate produced by dense bodies located in platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009450 abnormal axon fasciculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation anomaly in the process by which axons form into nerve fiber bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009451 abnormal chromosomal synapsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis any anomaly in the meiotic cell cycle process where side by side pairing and physical juxtaposition of homologous chromosomes is created during prophase I of meiosis; synapsis begins when the chromosome arms begin to pair from the clustered telomeres and ends when synaptonemal complex or linear element assembly is complete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009452 abnormal synaptonemal complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis an anomaly in the formation of the proteinaceous structure involved in the pairing of homologous chromosomes during first prophase of meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009453 enhanced contextual conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012316 enhanced conditioning behavior increase in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between an aversive experience (the unconditioned stimulus (US), usually a shock) and the neutral, unchanging environment (the conditioned stimulus (CS), or the environmental context in this case) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009454 impaired contextual conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012317 impaired conditioning behavior decrease in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between an aversive experience (the unconditioned stimulus (US), usually a shock) and the neutral, unchanging environment (the conditioned stimulus (CS), or the environmental context in this case) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009455 enhanced cued conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012316 enhanced conditioning behavior increase in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between an aversive experience (the unconditioned stimulus (US), usually a shock) and a neutral stimulus (the conditioned stimulus (CS), usually an auditory cue or light flash) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009456 impaired cued conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012317 impaired conditioning behavior decrease in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between an aversive experience (the unconditioned stimulus (US), usually a shock) and a neutral stimulus (the conditioned stimulus (CS), usually an auditory cue or light flash) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009457 whorled hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance an area of hair growing opposite in direction to the rest of the hair, a curl or swirl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009459 skeletal muscle hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003398 increased skeletal muscle size increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the skeletal muscle, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009460 skeletal muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010240 decreased skeletal muscle size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the skeletal muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009461 skeletal muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003398 increased skeletal muscle size increase in the bulk size of the skeletal muscle due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009462 skeletal muscle hypotrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010240 decreased skeletal muscle size decrease in the bulk size of the skeletal muscle due to cell shrinkage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009463 abnormal pituitary infundibular stalk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004164 abnormal neurohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of the apical portion of the tubular structure extending from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009465 abnormal gallbladder infundibulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005084 abnormal gallbladder morphology any structural anomaly of the tapering portion of the gall bladder that narrows to form the neck and cystic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009466 abnormal uterine tube infundibulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003574 abnormal oviduct morphology any structural anomaly of the funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009467 abnormal magnocellular neurosecretory cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010913 abnormal neuroendocrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the cells residing mainly in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and in a number of smaller accessory cell groups between these two nuclei, and secrete the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009468 absent magnocellular neurosecretory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009467 abnormal magnocellular neurosecretory cell morphology absence of the cells residing mainly in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and in a number of smaller accessory cell groups between these two nuclei, and secrete the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009470 mirror image duplication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002084 abnormal developmental patterning during embryogenesis a second structure develops with its parts arranged in a reversal of right and left orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009471 abnormal urine sulfate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of sulfate in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009472 increased urine sulfate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009471 abnormal urine sulfate level an increase in amount of sulfates in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009473 abnormal skin exfoliation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology anomaly in the process of detachment and shedding of superficial cells of a skin epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009474 thick epidermis stratum spinosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001236 abnormal epidermis stratum spinosum morphology increased thickness of the stratum spinosum; the polyhedral cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009475 abnormal nicotine-mediated receptor currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002206 abnormal CNS synaptic transmission change in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of nicotinic receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009476 enlarged cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology increased size of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009477 small cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology reduced size of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009478 coiled cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology corkscrew or worm-like appearance of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009479 abnormal cecum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology malformation or aberrant differentiation of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009480 distended cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology an expansion in the volume of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction, as by stretching or distention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009481 cecum inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003304 large intestinal inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009482 ileum inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003306 small intestinal inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009483 enlarged ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002581 abnormal ileum morphology increased size of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009484 ileum hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009483 enlarged ileum an increase in the bulk size of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009485 distended ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002581 abnormal ileum morphology an expansion in the volume of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon, as by stretching or distention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009486 rectovaginal fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology fusion of the rectum and vaginal canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009487 rectourethral fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology fusion of the rectum and urethral canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009488 abnormal pancreatic islet cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002693 abnormal pancreas physiology change in the timing or the number of pancreatic islet cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009489 abnormal blood vessel endothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the thin layer of flat cells that line the blood vessels and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009490 abnormal heart left atrium auricular region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010489 abnormal heart atrium auricular region morphology any structural anomaly of the small conical pouch projections located on the upper anterior portion of the left atrium of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009491 abnormal heart right atrium auricular region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010489 abnormal heart atrium auricular region morphology any structural anomaly of the small conical pouch projections located on the upper anterior portion of the right atrium of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009492 abnormal gallbladder epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005084 abnormal gallbladder morphology any structural anomaly of the simple columnar epithelial lining of the gall bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009493 abnormal cystic duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009498 abnormal extrahepatic bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009494 abnormal biliary ductule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009497 abnormal intrahepatic bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009495 abnormal common bile duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009498 abnormal extrahepatic bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009496 abnormal common hepatic duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009498 abnormal extrahepatic bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the right and left hepatic ducts, and joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009497 abnormal intrahepatic bile duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009498 abnormal extrahepatic bile duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009499 abnormal intralobular bile duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009497 abnormal intrahepatic bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009500 abnormal interlobular bile duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009497 abnormal intrahepatic bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the canals that carry bile in the liver between the intralobular ducts and the biliary ductules; interlobular bile ducts are part of the interlobular portal triad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009501 abnormal hepatic duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the two canals (left and right) that collect and drain bile from the left and right half of the liver from the biliary ductules and join external to the liver to form the common hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009502 abnormal areola morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the circular pigmented region of the breast that surrounds the nipple and delineates the area containing the areolar glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009504 abnormal mammary gland epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the mammary gland epithelium which is normally enveloped by a basement membrane, embedded into fatty connective tissue stroma, and organized as a bilayer, with an inner luminal layer of secretory epithelial cells, and an outer basal layer; each cell layer expresses specific molecular markers; luminal epithelial cells are characterized by the expression of the receptors for systemic hormones, i.e. estrogens, progesterone and prolactin, whereas basal cells (aka myoepithelial cells) express smooth muscle contractile proteins; in functionally differentiated mammary gland, during lactation, luminal cells produce milk, whereas myoepithelial cells are contractile and serve for milk expulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009505 abnormal mammary gland lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of a group of alveoli and the intralobular portion of the terminal duct of the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009507 abnormal mammary gland connective tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous supportive tissue of the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009508 increased mammary gland ductal carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010299 increased mammary gland tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of malignant tumors of the ducts of the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009509 absent rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000492 abnormal rectum morphology absence or loss of the terminal portion of the intestinal tube adjacent to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009510 cecal atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology congenital blockage or absence of the lumen of the cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009511 distended stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology an expansion in the volume of the sac-like structure of the digestive canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, as by stretching or distention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009512 abnormal cerebellar Golgi cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology any structural anomaly of the population of large inhibitory GABAergic interneurons found in the cerebellar internal granule layer which act by altering the mossy fibre - granule cell synapse; the main synapse made by these cells is a synapse onto the mossy fibre - granule cell excitatory synapse in a glomerulus, which is composed of the mossy fibre terminal, granule cell dendrites, and golgi terminal and is enclosed by a glial coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009514 titubation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001504 abnormal posture posture distinguished by a faltering gait while walking and/or a swaying motion of the trunk or head while resting; often is a characteristic of cellebellar disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009515 increased gastrointestinal stromal tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010279 increased gastrointestinal tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of non-epithelial, mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, thought to originate from the interstitial cells of Cajal, the pacemaker cells that regulate peristalsis in the digestive tract; approximately 70% of GISTs develop in the stomach, 20% in the small intestine, and less than 10% in the esophagus, colon, and rectum; GISTs are tumors of connective tissue, i.e. sarcomas, account for 1-3% of all gastrointestinal malignancies in human, and are typically more cellular than other gastrointestinal sarcomas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009516 enlarged salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology increased size of the saliva-secreting glands of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009518 abnormal anterior lingual gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the small glands located near the apex of the tongue on either side of the frenulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009519 abnormal anterior buccal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030246 abnormal cheek morphology any structural anomaly of the racemose, mucous or serous glands in the submucous tissue of the cheeks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009520 decreased submandibular gland size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003793 abnormal submandibular gland morphology reduced size of either of the large major salivary glands situated beneath the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009521 increased submandibular gland size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003793 abnormal submandibular gland morphology increased size of either of the large major salivary glands situated beneath the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009522 submandibular gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009520 decreased submandibular gland size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the submandibular gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009523 submandibular gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009521 increased submandibular gland size increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the submandibular gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009524 absent submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003793 abnormal submandibular gland morphology absence of either of the large major salivary glands situated beneath the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009525 abnormal submandibular duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009517 abnormal salivary gland duct morphology any structural anomaly of the duct of the submadibular gland that opens at the sublingual papilla near the frenulum of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009526 absent sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004035 abnormal sublingual gland morphology absence of the small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009527 abnormal sublingual duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009517 abnormal salivary gland duct morphology any structural anomaly of the canals that drain the sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009528 abnormal major sublingual duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009527 abnormal sublingual duct morphology any structural anomaly of the duct that drains the anterior portion of the sublingual gland and opens at the sublingual papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009529 abnormal minor sublingual duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009527 abnormal sublingual duct morphology any structural anomaly of the 8-20 small ducts that open into the mouth on the surface of the sublingual fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009530 abnormal parotid main excretory duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013750 abnormal parotid excretory duct morphology any structural anomaly of the main excretory tubular canal that connects the parotid gland and the buccal mucosa and secretes a serous saliva into the vestibule of the oral cavity; it arises from the anterior surface of the gland, traversing the masseter muscle; the duct then pierces the buccinator muscle, moving medially, and opens out into the oral cavity near the second upper molar; saliva produced by acinar secretory cells in the glandular body flows sequentially through the intercalated ducts, striated ducts, and excretory ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009531 increased parotid gland size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003452 abnormal parotid gland morphology increased size of either of the largest of the major salivary glands situated below and in front of each ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009532 decreased parotid gland size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003452 abnormal parotid gland morphology reduced size of either of the largest of the major salivary glands situated below and in front of each ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009533 absent palatine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000615 abnormal palatine gland morphology absence of the salivary gland of the hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009534 absent anterior lingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009518 abnormal anterior lingual gland morphology absence of the small glands located near the apex of the tongue on either side of the frenulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009535 abnormal skin sebaceous gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001243 abnormal dermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the holocrine glands of the dermis that secrete sebum into the hair follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009536 abnormal interstitial cell of Cajal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly in the type of cell found in the gastrointestinal tract and serving as a pacemaker that triggers gut contraction; ICCs mediate inputs from the enteric nervous system to smooth muscle cells and are thought to be the cells from which gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) arise; abnormalities in the ICC network can cause chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009537 interstitial cells of Cajal hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009536 abnormal interstitial cell of Cajal morphology increased number of the pacemaker cells of the gastrointestinal tract which mediate inputs from the enteric nervous system to smooth muscle cells and trigger gut contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009539 abnormal Hassall's corpuscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009544 abnormal thymus epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the small spherical bodies of epithelial cells found in the medulla of the thymus, that are arranged in a concentric pattern around clusters of degenerating lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009540 absent Hassall's corpuscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009539 abnormal Hassall's corpuscle morphology absence of the small spherical bodies of epithelial cells found in the medulla of the thymus, that are arranged in a concentric pattern around clusters of degenerating lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009541 increased thymocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009258 abnormal thymocyte apoptosis increase in the number of immature T cells located in the thymus that are undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009542 decreased thymocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009258 abnormal thymocyte apoptosis reduction in the number of immature T cells located in the thymus that are undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009543 abnormal thymus corticomedullary boundary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002367 abnormal thymus lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the dense region demarcating the thymus medulla from the surrounding cortex that is characterized by numerous blood vessels (predominantly arterioles) with some perivascular connective tissue, mature and immature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, variable numbers of perivascular B-lymphocytes and plasma cells; site of entry of bone marrow stem cells and exit of mature, functional T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009546 absent gastric milk in neonates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001438 aphagia failure of nursing offspring to ingest milk as indicated by stomach content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009547 elliptocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology hematologic disorder in which an abnormally large number of erythrocytes are elliptical rather than the typical biconcave, disc shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009548 abnormal platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006298 abnormal platelet activation any functional anomaly in the adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009549 decreased platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009548 abnormal platelet aggregation decrease in the ability of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009550 increased urinary bladder carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010289 increased urinary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm of the urinary bladder, arising from epithelial cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009551 increased urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009550 increased urinary bladder carcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm of the transitional epithelial layer of the urinary bladder, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009552 urinary bladder obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology any impediment or blockage of the musculomembranous elastic bag serving as a storage place for urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009553 fused lips http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology an anomaly of the fleshy margins of the mouth resulting in the upper and lower lips being joined together into one structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009554 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005072 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule morphology the form of pigment polymers in the hair follicle differs compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009555 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule distribution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005072 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule morphology anomaly in the spatial arrangement of particles produced by melanocytes that confer color in the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009556 abnormal platelet ADP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004721 abnormal platelet dense granule morphology anomaly in the amount of the major energy source adenosine diphosphate produced by dense bodies located in platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009557 decreased platelet ADP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009556 abnormal platelet ADP level reduced concentration of the major energy source adenosine diphosphate produced by dense bodies located in platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009558 increased platelet ADP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009556 abnormal platelet ADP level increased concentration of the major energy source adenosine diphosphate produced by dense bodies located in platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009559 thymus cortex hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013593 enlarged thymus cortex increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thymus cortex, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009560 absent epidermis stratum granulosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001239 abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology absence of the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009561 superior cervical ganglion degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001011 abnormal superior cervical ganglion morphology retrogressive pathological change or loss of the largest group of paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic trunk which normally lies at the base of the skull and innervates the head and neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009562 abnormal odor adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001984 abnormal olfaction altered ability or failure of the olfactory receptor neurons to adapt to ambient conditions by time-dependent modification in the sensitivity to a given odorant stimulus, as seen in the decline of the sensory response during prolonged odor stimulation; a major mechanism for the rapid calcium-calmodulin-mediated desensitization of the CNG channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009563 dyskeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology premature keratinization in individual epithelial cells that have not reached the keratinizing surface layer; dyskeratotic cells generally become rounded and they may break away from adjacent cells and fall off http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009564 abnormal meiotic configurations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis uncharacteristic chromosome arrangement produced by anomalous chromosome pairing and chiasma formation from prophase to metaphase of meiosis I due to abnormal chromosome structure and necessary to produce functional gametes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009565 multivalent meiotic configurations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009564 abnormal meiotic configurations any association of more than two completely or partially homologous chromosomes whose homologous regions are held together by pairing and chiasma formation from prophase to metaphase of meiosis I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009567 mitotic nondisjunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis failure of sister-chromatids to separate to the cell poles at anaphase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009568 abnormal red blood cell deformability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology a measure (DImax) related to cell surface area, of the changeability of the membrane of circulating oxygen transporting cells as a function of physiologically relevant osmolality at a constant applied shear stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009571 abnormal right lung accessory lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the right lung lobe which lies against the diaphragm and has a considerable volume residing in the left hemi-thorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009572 abnormal right lung cranial lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the upper lobe of the right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009573 abnormal right lung middle lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the medial lobe of the right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009574 abnormal right lung caudal lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the lower lobe of the right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009575 abnormal pubic symphysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030877 abnormal symphysis morphology any structural anomaly of the firm fibrocartilaginous joint in the median plane between the two opposing surfaces of the pubic bones, which are united by an interpubic disc of fibrocartilage as well as the superior and arcuate pubic ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009576 oral atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology congenital blockage, fusion, or absence of the normal opening of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009578 otocephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape a structural anomaly of the head consisting of absence or malformation of the lower jaw and the ears united or closely approaching below the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009579 acephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology congenital absence of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009580 increased keratinocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of keratinocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009581 decreased keratinocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006043 decreased apoptosis reduction in the number of keratinocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009582 abnormal keratinocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003453 abnormal keratinocyte physiology anomaly in the ability of keratinocytes to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009583 increased keratinocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009582 abnormal keratinocyte proliferation increase in the expansion rate of keratinocytes by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009584 decreased keratinocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009582 abnormal keratinocyte proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of keratinocytes by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009586 increased platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009548 abnormal platelet aggregation increase in the ability of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009587 abnormal plasma membrane sphingolipid content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003950 abnormal plasma membrane morphology altered amounts of the phospholipids found especially in, but not limited to, the cell membrane of nerve tissue that yield sphingosine, choline, a fatty acid, and phosphoric acid upon hydrolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009588 increased plasma membrane sphingolipid content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009587 abnormal plasma membrane sphingolipid content abnormal accumulation of the phospolipids found especially in, but not limited to, the cell membrane of nerve tissue that yield sphingosine, choline, a fatty acid, and phosphoric acid upon hydrolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009589 sphingomyelinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009823 abnormal sphingomyelin level the abnormal accumulation of sphingomyelin in the plasma membrane of cells of the nervous tissue, liver and spleen, usually due to sphingomyelinase deficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009590 increased gonad tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010287 increased reproductive system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of an abnormal rapidly proliferating cells in the testis or ovary, usually in the form of a distinct mass, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009591 increased liver adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009308 increased adenocarcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the liver, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009592 increased Leydig cell tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006262 increased testis tumor incidence greater than the expected number of rare testicular tumors of the male gonadal interstitium, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; Leydig cell tumors are frequently hormonally active, leading to feminizing or virilizing syndromes; Leydig cell tumors comprise 1-3% of all testicular neoplasms, can be pure or mixed with other sex cord-stromal or germ cell tumors, and are usually benign, although malignant variants also occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009593 absent chorion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002836 abnormal chorion morphology absence of the outermost extraembryonic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009594 abnormal corneocyte envelope morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030605 abnormal corneocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the electron-dense layer of highly transglutaminase cross-linked protein that is deposited on the inner surface of the plasma membrane of corneocytes in the outermost layers of the epidermis; a monomolecular layer of ceramides is covalently attached to the outer surface of the CE to form a hydrophobic lipid envelope that covers each corneocyte and provides continuity with the lipid matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009595 enlarged corneocyte envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009594 abnormal corneocyte envelope morphology increased size of the electron-dense layer of highly transglutaminase cross-linked protein that is deposited on the inner surface of the plasma membrane of corneocytes in the outermost layers of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009596 abnormal stratum corneum lipid matrix formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001240 abnormal epidermis stratum corneum morphology altered lipid composition or intercellular lipid matrix assembly in the stratum corneum, usually resulting in loss of epidermal barrier function; normally, the intercorneocyte lipid matrix consists of a complex lipid mixture of ceramides, cholesterol and long-chain saturated fatty acids that self-assembles into an ordered multilayer structure known as lipid lamellae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009597 impaired stratum corneum desquamation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001240 abnormal epidermis stratum corneum morphology dysregulated shedding of the outermost layer of corneocytes, affecting the integrity and thickness of the stratum corneum; may result in xerotic and ichthyotic conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009598 thin epidermis stratum granulosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001239 abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology decreased thickness of the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009599 thick epidermis stratum granulosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001239 abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology increased thickness of the layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009600 hypergranulosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009599 thick epidermis stratum granulosum increased thickness of the granular layer of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009601 epidermis stratum granulosum hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001239 abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the epidermal stratum granulosum, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009602 abnormal keratohyalin granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001239 abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology any structural anomaly of the irregularly shaped basophilic granules in the cells of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis that may play a role in keratinization and barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009603 absent keratohyalin granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009605 decreased keratohyalin granule number absence of the irregularly shaped basophilic granules in the cells of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis that may play a role in keratinization and barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009604 increased keratohyalin granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009602 abnormal keratohyalin granule morphology increased number of the irregularly shaped basophilic granules in the cells of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis that may play a role in keratinization and barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009605 decreased keratohyalin granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009602 abnormal keratohyalin granule morphology reduced number of the irregularly shaped basophilic granules in the cells of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis that may play a role in keratinization and barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009606 increased keratohyalin granule size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009602 abnormal keratohyalin granule morphology increased size of the irregularly shaped basophilic granules in the cells of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis that may play a role in keratinization and barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009607 decreased keratohyalin granule size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009602 abnormal keratohyalin granule morphology reduced size of the irregularly shaped basophilic granules in the cells of the stratum granulosum of the epidermis that may play a role in keratinization and barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009608 abnormal epidermal lamellar body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001239 abnormal epidermis stratum granulosum morphology any structural anomaly of a membrane-bounded organelle present in the epidermis, specialized for the storage and secretion of various substances (such as glycoproteins and acid phosphates), and which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009609 absent basioccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000079 abnormal basioccipital bone morphology absence of the basilar process of the occipital bone in the base of the cranium, frequently forming a direct part of the occipital in the adult, but usually distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009610 abnormal epidermis stratum lucidum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of lightly staining corneocytes foud between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers; found primarily in the thick epidermis of the palmar and plantar skin and is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009612 thick epidermis suprabasal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001233 abnormal epidermis suprabasal layer morphology increased thickness of the suprabasal layer of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009613 thin epidermis suprabasal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001233 abnormal epidermis suprabasal layer morphology decreased thickness of the suprabasal layer of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009614 absent epidermis stratum spinosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001236 abnormal epidermis stratum spinosum morphology absence of the layer of polyhedral cells in the epidermis; shrinkage and adhesion of these cells gives a spiny or prickly appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009615 abnormal zinc homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005636 abnormal mineral homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of zinc that normally is a cofactor in many proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009616 abnormal brain zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020893 abnormal zinc level any anomaly in the amount of zinc present in mammalian brain tissue, where 5-15 percent of total zinc is concentrated in synaptic vesicles in a subset of glutamatergic neurons; histochemically reactive zinc is present in many regions of the central nervous system and is especially abundant in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009617 decreased brain zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009616 abnormal brain zinc level reduction in the amount of zinc present in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009618 increased brain zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009616 abnormal brain zinc level increase in the amount of zinc present in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009619 abnormal optokinetic reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex any anomaly in the nystagmus or deviation of the eyes in response to stimulation of the visual system by movement; normally, this reflex functions to stabilize a moving image on the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009620 abnormal primary vitreous morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002699 abnormal vitreous body morphology any structural anomaly in the fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009621 primary vitreous hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009620 abnormal primary vitreous morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the primary vitreous, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009622 absent inguinal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002353 abnormal inguinal lymph node morphology absence of the lymph nodes normally located in the groin area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009623 enlarged inguinal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002353 abnormal inguinal lymph node morphology increased size of the lymph nodes located in the groin area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009624 small inguinal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002353 abnormal inguinal lymph node morphology reduced size of the lymph nodes located in the groin area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009625 abnormal abdominal lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the visceral glands that are located in the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009626 abnormal celiac lymph node morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009625 abnormal abdominal lymph node morphology any structural anomaly of the visceral glands that are associated with the branches of the celiac artery, including the gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal (splenic) lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009628 absent brachial lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005231 abnormal brachial lymph node morphology absence of the lymph nodes located along the brachial vein that receive drainage from most of the free upper limb and send efferent vessels to the central axillary lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009629 small brachial lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005231 abnormal brachial lymph node morphology reduced size of the lymph nodes located along the brachial vein that receive drainage from most of the free upper limb and send efferent vessels to the central axillary lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009630 absent axillary lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002340 abnormal axillary lymph node morphology absence of the lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009631 enlarged axillary lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002340 abnormal axillary lymph node morphology increased size of the lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009632 small axillary lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002340 abnormal axillary lymph node morphology reduced size of the lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009633 absent cervical lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002351 abnormal cervical lymph node morphology absence of the lymph nodes normally found near the neck and shoulders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009634 absent popliteal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002352 abnormal popliteal lymph node morphology absence of the lymph nodes which drain the legs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009635 enlarged popliteal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002352 abnormal popliteal lymph node morphology increased size of the lymph nodes which drain the legs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009636 small popliteal lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002352 abnormal popliteal lymph node morphology reduced size of the lymph nodes which drain the legs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009637 abnormal pretectal region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology any structural anomaly of a narrow, transversely oriented rostral zone of the mesencephalic tectum, bounded caudally by the superior colliculus, rostrally by the habenular trigone, and laterally by the pulvinar thalami; the pretectal area contains several nuclei that receive fibers from the optic tract; it has bilateral efferent connections with the Edinger-Westphal nucleus of the oculomotor nuclear complex by way of which it mediates the pupillary light reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009638 abnormal pretectal nuclei morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009637 abnormal pretectal region morphology any structural anomaly of the groups of neurons located between the thalamus and midbrain that receive binocular sensory input from retinal ganglion cells of the eyes and are responsible for maintaining the pupillary light reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009639 abnormal olivary pretectal nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009638 abnormal pretectal nuclei morphology any structural anomaly of one of several pretectal nuclei with direct input from the eye and the only one containing neurons whose rate of firing is linearly related to the intensity of light falling on the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009640 abnormal renal tubule epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004967 abnormal kidney epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the cellular avascular layer of the renal tubule luminar surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009644 uremia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis an excess of urea, creatinine, and other nitrogenous end products of protein and amino acid metabolism in the blood; usually indicative of kidney dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009645 crystalluria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis excretion of crystalline material in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009646 urinary bladder inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011762 renal/urinary system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009647 decreased fertilization frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000242 impaired fertilization the number of secondary oocytes each penetrated by a spermatozoon followed by fusion of the male and female pronuclei are fewer than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009648 abnormal superovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001928 abnormal ovulation altered ability of a female to be induced to ovulate an expected number of ova after treatment with specific gonadotrophic hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009649 delayed embryo implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation any lag in the normal time course necessary for the attachment of the blastocyst to the endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009650 dormant blastocysts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation blastocysts sometimes larger than normal in size, showing no development or mitotic activity as a result of delayed implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009651 abnormal eyelid development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology aberrant formation of the skin folds covering the front of the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009652 abnormal palatal rugae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003756 abnormal hard palate morphology any structural anomaly in the series of transverse folds (ridges) of the mucosa located on the anterior third part of the secondary (hard) palate of most mammalian species; rugae are present on each side of the median palatal raphe and behind the incisive papillae, but their number and arrangement are species specific; together with the teeth and the tongue, rugae take part in mastication by helping to sense, hold and mash the food; rugae harbor various types of intraepithelial sensory structures (such as Merckel cells, corpuscular endings and free nerve endings), and play a sensory role when the food is pressed by the tongue against the hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009653 abnormal palate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development abnormal formation of the roof of the mouth in vertebrates formed anteriorly by a bony projection of the upper jaw (hard palate) and posteriorly by the fold of connective tissue (soft palate) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009654 abnormal primary palate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009653 abnormal palate development any anomaly in the formation of the part of the shelf separating the oral and nasal cavities that is formed during early embryonic development from the medial nasal processes which derive from the frontonasal process; these merge with each other and with the bilateral maxillary processes to form the upper lip and the primary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009655 abnormal secondary palate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009653 abnormal palate development any anomaly in the formation of the part of the palate that is formed during embryonic development when palatal projections from the inner part of the maxillary processes emerge, extend and elevate into a horizontal position above the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009656 delayed chorioallantoic fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002824 abnormal chorioallantoic fusion late onset of the initiation and/or completion of the formation of a highly vascularized extra-embryonic fetal membrane by fusion of the chorion and allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009657 failure of chorioallantoic fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002824 abnormal chorioallantoic fusion failure to initiate and/or complete the formation of a highly vascularized extra-embryonic fetal membrane by fusion of the chorion and allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009658 increased placenta apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010038 abnormal placenta physiology increase in the number of cells of the placenta undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009659 striated fur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001510 abnormal coat appearance hair or fur characterized by transverse, usually parallel, markings due to an anomaly in hair color, texture, or growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009660 abnormal induced retina neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008852 retina neovascularization any anomaly in the response to conditions which induce the pathological growth of vessels into the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009662 abnormal uterine receptivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004014 abnormal uterine environment any alteration in the time sensitive process of uterine differentiation that occurs in response to implantation competent blastocysts and precedes and is necessary for embryo implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009663 abnormal uterine-embryonic axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009669 abnormal postimplantation uterine environment any anomaly in the process whereby the implantation chamber orients in the uterus in response to decidual growth to insure correct alignment of the embryo to the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009664 abnormal luminal closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004014 abnormal uterine environment an anomaly in the degree to which (for each species) the uterine epithelium closes over and makes contact with, and secures an implanting blastocyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009665 abnormal embryo apposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation any anomaly that prevents the initial positioning of the blastocyst trophoblast and uterine luminal epithelium causing the blastocyst to fail to orientate correctly along the uterine wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009666 abnormal embryo attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation any anomaly in the process whereby the blastocyst anchors to the uterine luminal epithelium and cannot be dislodged by flushing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009667 abnormal embryo invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation any anomaly in the process that enables the embryo to establish connection to the uterine luminal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009668 ectopic pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy a fertilized egg attaches and begins development in a location other than in the inner lining of the uterus, most commonly in the Fallopian tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009669 abnormal postimplantation uterine environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009671 abnormal uterus physiology failure of the uterus to undergo the changes necessary to support pregnancy following implantation of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009670 abnormal uterine angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009669 abnormal postimplantation uterine environment any anomaly in vascular permeability and blood vessel development that normally occurs in the uterus to support embryonic growth during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009671 abnormal uterus physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology any functional anomaly of the female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009672 abnormal birth weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009701 abnormal birth body size anomaly in average weight at birth compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009673 increased birth weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009702 increased birth body size increase in average weight at birth compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009674 decreased birth weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009703 decreased birth body size reduction in average weight at birth compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009675 orthokeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001242 hyperkeratosis thickening of the stratum corneum of the epidermis (hyperkeratosis) with non-nucleated keratinocytes retained in this layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009677 abnormal spinal cord dorsal column morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008027 abnormal spinal cord white matter morphology any structural anomaly of the wedge-shaped fiber bundle of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord that is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus; it is part of the ascending posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009678 abnormal spinal cord lateral column morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008027 abnormal spinal cord white matter morphology any structural anomaly of the region of white matter of the spinal cord that is located between the dorsal and ventral spinal roots http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009679 abnormal spinal cord ventral column morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008027 abnormal spinal cord white matter morphology any structural anomaly of the area of white matter of the spinal cord located on either side of the ventral (anterior) medial fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009680 abnormal medulla oblongata anterior median fissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000846 abnormal medulla oblongata morphology any structural anomaly of the longitudinal groove in the midline of the anterior aspect of the medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009681 abnormal pyramidal decussation morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009680 abnormal medulla oblongata anterior median fissure morphology any structural anomaly of the bundles of pyramidal fibers that intercross obliquely over the midline at the lower border region of the medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009682 abnormal anterior corticospinal tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000778 abnormal nervous system tract morphology any structural anomaly of the small bundle of corticospinal motor fibers that do not cross the midline at the pyramidal decussation and descend into the anterior funiculus of the spinal cord; the anterior corticospinal tract controls central axial and girdle muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009683 abnormal lateral corticospinal tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000778 abnormal nervous system tract morphology any structural anomaly of the large bundle of corticospinal motor fibers that cross the midline at the pyramidal decussation and descend in the dorsal half of the lateral funiculus; the lateral corticospinal tract controls movement of contralateral limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009684 abnormal spinal cord lateral motor column morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009685 abnormal spinal cord motor column morphology any structural anomaly of the subclasses of motor neurons which innervate muscles in the limb; motor neurons in the lateral motor column are further organized into pools, each of which innervates a specific muscle in the limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009685 abnormal spinal cord motor column morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology any structural anomaly of the subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009686 abnormal spinal cord medial motor column morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009685 abnormal spinal cord motor column morphology any structural anomaly of the subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009687 empty decidua capsularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001727 abnormal embryo implantation the implanted embryo normally covered opposite the placenta by uterine mucosa and epithelium following implantation is missing, suggesting the embryo died early during implantation but after the decidual response and modification of uterine stromal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009688 abnormal spinal cord central canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology any structural anomaly of the ependyma-lined lumen of the spinal cord that is filled with cerebrospinal fluid; it is patent with the ventricular system of the brain and frequently becomes occluded in aging adults http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009689 abnormal neural tube ventricular layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009690 abnormal neural tube mantle layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of glia and differentiating neurons that will form the gray matter of the spinal cord; this lies between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009691 abnormal neural tube marginal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost layer of the neural tube that contains nerve fibers and will form the white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009692 abnormal spinal cord alar plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009690 abnormal neural tube mantle layer morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses; the alar plate develops into the dorsal horn in the grey matter of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009693 abnormal spinal cord basal plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009690 abnormal neural tube mantle layer morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies ventral to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily motor neurons and interneurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009694 abnormal spinal cord commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology any structural anomaly of any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the midline of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009695 abnormal spinal cord ventral commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009694 abnormal spinal cord commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the band of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord ventral to the central canal and posterior grey commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009696 abnormal spinal cord grey commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009694 abnormal spinal cord commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the band of grey substance spanning the midline of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009698 heart hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001634 internal hemorrhage bleeding into the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009699 hyperchylomicronemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010330 abnormal circulating lipoprotein level increased plasma concentrations of chylomicrons, the large lipid droplet (up to 100 mm in diameter) of reprocessed lipid synthesized in epithelial cells of the small intestine and containing triacylglycerols, cholesterol esters, and several apolipoproteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009701 abnormal birth body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype anomaly in average body size at birth compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009702 increased birth body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009701 abnormal birth body size increase in average body size at birth compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009703 decreased birth body size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009701 abnormal birth body size reduction in average body size at birth compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009704 increased skin squamous cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a skin carcinoma derived from stratified squamous epithelium, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009705 abnormal midgut morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development any structural anomaly of the portion of the embryonic gut between the foregut and the hindgut, which originally is open to the yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009706 absent midgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009705 abnormal midgut morphology absence of the portion of the embryonic gut between the foregut and the hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009707 absent external auditory canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006033 abnormal external auditory canal morphology absence of the canal that connects the outer and middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009708 vaginal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001144 vagina atresia a longitudinal or transverse congenital partition within the muscular canal extending from outside of the body to the cervix; usually caused by incomplete fusion of the Mullerian ducts in embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009709 hydrometra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology an accumulation in the uterine lumen of normal secretions that ordinarily drain from the body but are retained when the cervix or vagina is significantly or completely closed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009710 anhedonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003360 abnormal depression-related behavior inability to experience pleasure in response to normally pleasurable stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009711 abnormal conditioned place preference behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002062 abnormal associative learning anomaly in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between a putative rewarding internal state produced by a xenobiotic or drug with a neutral, unchanging environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009712 impaired conditioned place preference behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012317 impaired conditioning behavior decrease in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between a putative rewarding internal state produced by a xenobiotic or drug with a neutral, unchanging environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009713 enhanced conditioned place preference behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012316 enhanced conditioning behavior increase in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between a putative rewarding internal state produced by a xenobiotic or drug with a neutral, unchanging environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009714 thin epidermis stratum basale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001231 abnormal epidermis stratum basale morphology reduced thickness of the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009715 thick epidermis stratum basale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001231 abnormal epidermis stratum basale morphology increased thickness of the deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009716 abnormal subcommissural organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013563 abnormal secretory circumventricular organ morphology any structural anomaly of the circumventricular organ derived from ependymal cells that is located at the junction of the third ventricle and the cerebral aqueduct and which secretes somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009717 absent subcommissural organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009716 abnormal subcommissural organ morphology absence of the circumventricular organ derived from ependymal cells that is located at the junction of the third ventricle and the cerebral aqueduct and which secretes somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009718 absent Purkinje cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000875 abnormal cerebellar Purkinje cell layer there is no evidence of the cell layer that lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex, normally containing the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells arranged side by side in a single layer, and candelabrum interneurons vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009719 reduced cerebellar foliation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000857 abnormal cerebellar foliation the cerebellar lobules are reduced in size or number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009720 abnormal mammary gland pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000628 abnormal mammary gland development aberration in the spacing and arrangement of mammary glands that differentiate during early embryogenesis as it relates to the norm for the species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009721 increased mammary gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013714 abnormal mammary gland number greater than the expected number of the specialized accessory gland of the skin of mammals that secretes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009722 abnormal nipple development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000628 abnormal mammary gland development an anomaly in the differentiation of the apex of the mammary gland on the integument surface into which the lactiferous ducts open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009723 increased nipple number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006078 abnormal nipple morphology greater than the expected number of structures located on the apex of the mammary gland on the integument surface into which the lactiferous ducts open; normal female mice have five pairs of mammary glands and nipples (males have no nipples); two pairs of nipples are situated in the abdomino-inguinal region (inguinal group) and three pairs in the ventral thoracic region (pectoral or thoracic group) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009724 ectopic nipples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009722 abnormal nipple development abnormal location of structures normally located on the apex of the mammary gland on the integument surface into which the lactiferous ducts open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009725 absent lens vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001292 abnormal lens vesicle development absence of the ectodermal invagination that forms opposite the optic cup in the primordium of the lens of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009726 abnormal primordial meninx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development any structural anomaly of the outermost mesenchymal covering of the developing brain and spinal cord that is composed of tough fibrous connective tissue from which the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater are formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009727 abnormal navicular morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005104 abnormal tarsal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the oval-shaped tarsal bone found between the talus and the 3 cuneiform bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009728 abnormal calcaneum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005104 abnormal tarsal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the largest quadrangular bone at the back of the tarsus; it forms the heel or hock and articulates with the talus above it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009729 absent tarsus bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005104 abnormal tarsal bone morphology absence of the eight bones of the instep of the paw/foot: tibiale, talus, calcaneus, navicular, 3 cuneiform, and cuboid bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009732 ventricular premature beat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001636 irregular heartbeat a heartbeat is initiated by abnormal electrical activation originating in the heart ventricles rather than by the sinoatrial node, the normal heartbeat initiator, before a normal heartbeat would occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009733 absent nipple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006078 abnormal nipple morphology absence of the erectile projection at the apex of the mammary gland where the lactiferous ducts open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009735 abnormal prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development anomaly in the formation or pattering of the of the prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009737 prostate gland cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more benign epithelial growths, often fluid-filled, within the gland in males that secretes part of the seminiferous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009738 enlarged prostate gland anterior lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001163 abnormal prostate gland anterior lobe morphology increased size of the rodent prostate lobe that appears as a thin tubular structure, attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009739 enlarged prostate gland dorsolateral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009381 abnormal prostate gland dorsolateral lobe morphology increased size of the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009740 small prostate gland dorsolateral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009381 abnormal prostate gland dorsolateral lobe morphology reduced size of the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009741 ectopic mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009720 abnormal mammary gland pattern one or more of the expected number of mammary glands that differentiate during early embryogenesis is/ are not located according to the normal arrangement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009742 increased corneal stroma thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005300 abnormal corneal stroma morphology increased width of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009743 preaxial polydactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000562 polydactyly duplication of all or part of the first ray on one or more of the autopods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009744 postaxial polydactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000562 polydactyly duplication of all or part of any of the rays except the first ray on one or more of the autopods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009746 enhanced behavioral response to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic increased sensitivity to a foreign compound capable of inducing the appearance of behavioral response, such as consumption preference, induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or reduced dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009747 impaired behavioral response to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic decreased sensitivity to a foreign compound capable of inducing the appearance of behavioral response, such as consumption preference, induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic any anomaly in the behavioral response induced by an addictive substance, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009749 enhanced behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance increased sensitivity to an addictive substance capable of inducing the appearance of behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009750 impaired behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance decreased sensitivity to an addictive substance capable of inducing the appearance of behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009752 enhanced behavioral response to nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020160 abnormal behavioral response to nicotine increased sensitivity to nicotine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009753 enhanced behavioral response to morphine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020159 abnormal behavioral response to morphine increased sensitivity to morphine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009754 enhanced behavioral response to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020158 abnormal behavioral response to cocaine increased sensitivity to cocaine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009755 impaired behavioral response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020157 abnormal behavioral response to alcohol decreased sensitivity to alcohol resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009756 impaired behavioral response to nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020160 abnormal behavioral response to nicotine decreased sensitivity to nicotine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009757 impaired behavioral response to morphine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020159 abnormal behavioral response to morphine decreased sensitivity to morphine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009758 impaired behavioral response to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020158 abnormal behavioral response to cocaine decreased sensitivity to cocaine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009759 abnormal hair follicle bulge morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010684 abnormal hair follicle outer root sheath morphology any structural anomaly in the area located in the bottom of the permanent portion of a resting (telogen) hair follicle where the cells of the external root sheath of the hair follicle are contiguous with the basal layer of the epidermis; this portion of the follicle is involved in the generation of a new hair at the onset of the hair growth cycle (anagen) and contains the hair follicle stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009760 abnormal mitotic spindle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis any structural anomaly in the formation of the ellipsoidal (bipolar) collection of fibers visible during nuclear division and cytokinesis responsible for accurate segregation of chromosomes during mitosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009761 abnormal meiotic spindle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis an anomaly in the formation of the ellipsoidal (bipolar) collection of fibers visible during nuclear division and cytokinesis responsible for accurate segregation of chromosomes during meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009762 abnormal mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis an anomaly in the process that normally prevents inaccurate segregation of chromosome by inhibiting cell-cycle progression in response to a signal generated by mitotic spindle damage or by chromosomes that have not attached to microtubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009763 increased susceptibility to induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020148 abnormal susceptibility to induced morbidity/mortality decrease in the amount of an external agent required to cause death or diseased state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009765 abnormal xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008872 abnormal physiological response to xenobiotic any anomaly in induction of a diseased state or death caused by a compound foreign to living organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009766 increased susceptibility to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009765 abnormal xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality decrease in the amount of a compound foreign to living organisms required to cause death or diseased state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009767 decreased susceptibility to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009765 abnormal xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality increase in the amount of a compound foreign to living organisms required to cause death or diseased state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009769 abnormal meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis an anomaly in the process that normally prevents inaccurate segregation of chromosomes by inhibiting cell-cycle progression in response to a signal generated by meiotic spindle damage or by chromosomes that have not attached to microtubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009770 abnormal optic chiasm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001330 abnormal optic nerve morphology any structural anomaly in the flattened quadrangular body that is the point of crossing of the fibers of the optic nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009771 absent optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009770 abnormal optic chiasm morphology absence of the flattened quadrangular body that is the point of crossing of the fibers of the optic nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009772 abnormal retina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology anomaly in any of the steps during embryogenesis that produce the nerve layer lining in the back of the eye which senses light, and creates impulses that travel through the optic nerve to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009773 absent retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology absence of the nerve layer lining the back of the eye that senses light, and creates impulses that travel through the optic nerve to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009774 abnormal behavioral withdrawal response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance anomaly in the intensity, duration, or type of behaviors displayed after discontinuation of an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009775 increased behavioral withdrawal response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009774 abnormal behavioral withdrawal response increase in the intensity or duration of behaviors displayed after discontinuation of an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009776 decreased behavioral withdrawal response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009774 abnormal behavioral withdrawal response decrease in the intensity or duration of behaviors displayed after discontinuation of an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009777 abnormal behavioral response to anesthetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009745 abnormal behavioral response to xenobiotic anomaly in the behavioral changes that follow exposure to an anesthetizing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009778 impaired behavioral response to anesthetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009777 abnormal behavioral response to anesthetic decrease or delay in the behavioral changes that follow exposure to a given amount of an anesthetizing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009779 enhanced behavioral response to anesthetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009777 abnormal behavioral response to anesthetic increase or exceleration in the behavioral changes that follow exposure to a given amount of an anesthetizing agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009780 abnormal chondrocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031306 abnormal cartilage physiology any functional anomaly of a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009782 abnormal basicranium angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010029 abnormal basicranium morphology a deviation from the expected angle formed by a line representing the floor of the anterior cranial fossa intersecting a line representing the axis of the clivus of the base of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009783 abnormal melanoblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology any structural anomaly of a cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009784 abnormal melanoblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030904 abnormal melanoblast physiology any anomaly in the movement of the cells that originate from the neural crest and differentiate into pigment cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009785 abnormal susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection differences from the expected moribund state caused by a pathogenic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009786 decreased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009785 abnormal susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality reduced likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a pathogenic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009787 increased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009785 abnormal susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a pathogenic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009788 increased susceptibility to bacterial infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009787 increased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a bacterial invasion or from components of or toxins produced by bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009789 decreased susceptibility to bacterial infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009786 decreased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality reduced likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a bacterial invasion or from components of or toxins produced by bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009790 decreased susceptibility to viral infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009786 decreased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality reduced likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a viral invasion or from components of or toxins produced by a virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009791 increased susceptibility to viral infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009787 increased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a viral invasion or from components of or toxins produced by a virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009792 seborrheic dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001194 dermatitis an inflammatory skin condition that causes flaky, white to yellowish scales to form on oily areas such as the scalp or inside the ear, with or without reddened skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009793 sebaceous gland hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000652 enlarged sebaceous gland increase in the bulk size of the sebum secreting glands of the hair shaft due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009794 sebaceous gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000652 enlarged sebaceous gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the sebaceous glands, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009795 epidermal spongiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001786 skin edema intercellular edema within the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009796 abnormal base-excision repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008058 abnormal DNA repair any anomaly in the process whereby an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate; the small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009797 abnormal mismatch repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008058 abnormal DNA repair any functional anomaly in the system that promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009798 abnormal ophthalmic nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001065 abnormal trigeminal nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the orbit and its contents, the nasal cavity and the skin of the nose and forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009799 abnormal maxillary nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001065 abnormal trigeminal nerve morphology any structural anomaly of the sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the palate, upper teeth and gingiva, the skin between the palpebral fissure and the mouth, and from the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009801 abnormal hair cortex keratinization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003811 abnormal hair cortex morphology any defect in the formation of the fibrous elements found in the hair cortex comprising acidic (Type I ) and basic (Type II) proteins that give hair such aspects as resilience, and elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009802 abnormal median aperture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002200 abnormal brain ventricular system morphology any structural anomaly in the large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009803 abnormal lateral aperture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002200 abnormal brain ventricular system morphology any structural anomaly of the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009804 abnormal brain interventricular foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002200 abnormal brain ventricular system morphology any structural anomaly of the paired channels that connect the lateral and third ventricles and allows cerebrospinal fluid produced in the lateral ventricles to flow into the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009805 absent median aperture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009802 abnormal median aperture morphology absence of the large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009807 abnormal pelvic ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal sacroiliac, the sacrotuberal and/or the iliolumbar ligaments associated with the bony ring formed by the pair of hip bones fused at the symphysis and their firm articulation with the sacrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009809 abnormal urine uric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis anomaly in the amount in the urine of the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, but which in rodents and most other mammals is normally is further oxidized by uricase to allantoin that is excreted in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009810 increased urine uric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009809 abnormal urine uric acid level greater amount in the urine of the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, but which in rodents and most other mammals is normally is further oxidized by uricase to allantoin that is excreted in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009811 abnormal prostaglandin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level anomaly in the amount in the body of any of a class of mediators with effects of vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and smooth muscle stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009812 abnormal bradykinin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008835 abnormal intercellular signaling peptide or protein level abnormal concentration of a potent, short-lived vasoactive peptide that causes arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009813 abnormal leukotriene level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level abnormal concentration of a family of mediators derived from arachidonic acid which normally stimulate smooth muscle contraction, increase vascular permeability, and may be chemoattractants for inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009814 increased prostaglandin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009811 abnormal prostaglandin level increase in the amount in the body of any of a class of mediators with effects of vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and smooth muscle stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009815 decreased prostaglandin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009811 abnormal prostaglandin level reduction in the amount in the body of any of a class of mediators with effects of vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and smooth muscle stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009816 increased leukotriene level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009813 abnormal leukotriene level increased concentration of a family of mediators derived from arachidonic acid which normally stimulate smooth muscle contraction, increase vascular permeability, and may be chemoattractants for inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009817 decreased leukotriene level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009813 abnormal leukotriene level reduced concentration of a family of mediators derived from arachidonic acid which normally stimulate smooth muscle contraction, increase vascular permeability, and may be chemoattractants for inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009818 abnormal thromboxane level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level anomalous concentration in the body of any of several compounds, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009820 abnormal liver vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessel network of the bile-secreting exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009821 abnormal vestibular aqueduct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030309 abnormal posterior cranial fossa morphology any structural anomaly in the small bony canal that surrounds the endolymphatic duct canal and links the vestibule of the inner ear to the posterior part of the internal surface of the petrous temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009822 abnormal subarcuate fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology any structural anomaly of the irregular depression found on the posterior inner surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone just below its crest and above and lateral to the internal acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009823 abnormal sphingomyelin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012230 abnormal sphingolipid level deviation in the expected amount of any of a group of phospholipids that are found especially in, but not restricted to, nerve tissue and yield sphingosine, choline, a fatty acid, and phosphoric acid upon hydrolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009824 spermatic granuloma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology a granulomatous nodular lesion that appears in the region of epididymis and can be large enough to totally occlude the epididymal lumen; sperm granulomas are rounded or irregular in shape, and contain dense aggregates of immune cells and degenerating sperm resulting from an autoimmune response against sperm-associated antigens exposed following biochemical or surgical insult (e.g. vasectomy) to the epididymal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009825 cornea ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology an area of tissue erosion in the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009826 abnormal dermis reticular layer collagen network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005081 abnormal dermis reticular layer morphology an anomaly in the amount or arrangement of the criss-crossing collagen fibers that form a strong elastic network normally arranged in parallel to the surface of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009827 skin detachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance loss of sections of skin either spontaneously or after gentle handling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009828 increased tumor latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010307 abnormal tumor latency later onset of tumor occurrence than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009829 enlarged eye anterior chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005205 abnormal eye anterior chamber morphology increased size of the space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009830 abnormal sperm connecting piece morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology any structural anomaly in the segment of the sperm flagellum that attaches to the implantation fossa of the nucleus in the sperm head; from the remnant of the centriole at this point, the axoneme extends throughout the length of the flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009831 abnormal sperm midpiece morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology any structural anomaly of the highly organized segment of the sperm flagellum which begins at the connecting piece and is characterized by the presence of 9 outer dense fibers (ODFs) that lie outside each of the 9 outer axonemal microtubule doublets and by a sheath of mitochondria that encloses the ODFs and the axoneme; the midpiece terminates about one-fourth of the way down the sperm flagellum at the annulus, which marks the beginning of the principal piece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009832 abnormal sperm mitochondrial sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009831 abnormal sperm midpiece morphology any structural anomaly or impairment of the tightly packed helical sheath of ATP-producing mitochondria restricted to the midpiece of the sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009833 absent sperm mitochondrial sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009832 abnormal sperm mitochondrial sheath morphology absence of the tightly packed helical sheath of ATP-producing mitochondria, normally found in the midpiece of the sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009834 abnormal sperm annulus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009831 abnormal sperm midpiece morphology any structural anomaly of the ring-like, filamentous structure located at the distal end of the midpiece of the sperm flagellum; the annulus is thought to form a diffusion barrier between the midpiece and the principal piece and serve as a stabilizing structure for tail rigidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009835 absent sperm annulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009834 abnormal sperm annulus morphology absence of the ring-like, filamentous structure located at the midpiece-principal piece junction of the sperm flagellum, usually associated with a bent tail morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009836 abnormal sperm principal piece morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology any structural anomaly in the segment of the sperm flagellum where the mitochondrial sheath ends and the outer dense fibers (ODFs) associated with outer axonemal doublets 3 and 8 are replaced by the 2 longitudinal columns of the fibrous sheath (FS) which run the length of the principal piece and are stabilized by circumferential ribs; the principal piece makes up ~2/3 of the length of the sperm flagellum and is defined by the presence of the FS and of only 7 (rather than 9) ODFs which taper and then terminate near the distal end of the principal piece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009837 abnormal sperm end piece morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology any structural anomaly of the short tip of the sperm flagellum, adjacent to the sperm principal piece and furthest from the sperm head, which contains only the axoneme surrounded by the plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009838 abnormal sperm axoneme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology any structural anomaly of the central core of the sperm flagellum, composed of a ring of 9 outer microtubule doublets surrounding a central pair; inner and outer dynein arms project from each of the outer 9 doublets, and these arms are responsible for generating the motive force of the flagellum; in addition, 9 radial spokes, each of which originates from 1 of the 9 outer microtubular doublet pairs, project inward toward the central pair in a helical fashion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009839 multiflagellated sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology presence of more than one sperm flagellum, displaying either one common origin from the sperm head or multiple origins from the same sperm head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009840 abnormal foam cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000358 abnormal cell morphology any structural anomaly of a cell with a vacuolated appearance due to abnormal deposition and retention of lipoproteins, and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions, and derived from or related to the group of cells having the ability to take up and sequester inert particles and vital dyes, including macrophages and macrophage precursors, specialized endothelial cells lining the sinusoids of the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, and macrophages of lymphatic tissue and fibroblasts of bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009841 foam cell reticulosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009840 abnormal foam cell morphology an increase in cells with a vacuolated appearance due to abnormal deposition and retention of lipoproteins and derived from or related to the group of cells having the ability to take up and sequester inert particles and vital dyes, including macrophages and macrophage precursors, specialized endothelial cells lining the sinusoids of the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, and macrophages of lymphatic tissue and fibroblasts of bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009842 abnormal neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012745 abnormal neural crest cell physiology any anomaly in the ability of the transient and migratory group of cells that emerge from the dorsal region of the neural tube and migrate to many peripheral locations to form various tissues of the adult, to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009843 decreased neural crest cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology reduction in the number of ransient and migratory group of cells that emerge from the dorsal region of the neural tube and disperse to many peripheral locations to form various tissues of the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009844 abnormal neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013503 abnormal embryonic tissue cell apoptosis change in the timing or the number of neural crest cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009846 abnormal neural crest morphology any structural anomaly of the transient and highly migratory group of cells that delaminate in early embryonic development from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to a variety of differentiated cell types, including (1) the neurons and glial cells of the sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic nervous systems, (2) the epinephrine-producing (medulla) cells of the adrenal gland, (3) the pigment-containing cells of the epidermis, and (4) many of the skeletal and connective tissue components of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009846 abnormal neural crest morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized region of ectoderm found between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm and composed of highly migratory pluripotent cells that delaminate in early embryonic development from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to an astounding variety of differentiated cell types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009847 abnormal scrotum pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002669 abnormal scrotum morphology anomaly in the coloration of the scrotum due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009848 increased horizontal stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001409 increased stereotypic behavior increase in the frequency of bursts of horizontal crossings (greater than one per second) in a time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009849 increased vertical stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001409 increased stereotypic behavior increase in the frequency of bursts of vertical crossings (greater than one per second) in a time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009850 embryonic lethality between implantation and placentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013292 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis death anytime between the point of implantation and the initiation of placentation (Mus: E4.5 to less than E9) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009851 abnormal Sertoli cell phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001932 abnormal spermiogenesis altered ability of the Sertoli cells to endocytose and degrade the apoptotic spermatogenic cells and residual bodies (shed cytoplasts) during the maturation phase of spermiogenesis; normally, greater than 50 per cent of differentiating spermatogenic cells undergo apoptosis before maturing into spermatozoa, and these cells are selectively and rapidly eliminated through phagocytosis by Sertoli cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009852 increased Sertoli cell phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009851 abnormal Sertoli cell phagocytosis enhanced phagocytic activity of testicular Sertoli cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009853 decreased Sertoli cell phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009851 abnormal Sertoli cell phagocytosis decreased phagocytic activity of testicular Sertoli cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009854 impaired gastric peristalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011082 abnormal gastrointestinal motility an increase in the time required for solids or liquids to leave the stomach and enter the intestines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009856 failure of ejaculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001378 abnormal ejaculation inability to propulse semen from the genital ducts and the urethra to the exterior within a defined test period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009857 absent kidney cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000521 abnormal kidney cortex morphology absence of the outer portion of the kidney located between the renal capsule and the renal medulla and involved in ultrafiltration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009859 eye opacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology changes in the eye grossly observed as a milky or cloudy appearance that may be progressive and persistent throughout life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009860 nephrosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology hardening of the kidney from overgrowth, infiltration by fibrous connective tissue, and contraction of the interstitial connective tissue; often a result of renovascular diseases or chronic hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009861 abnormal pyloric sphincter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010785 abnormal stomach pyloric region morphology any structural anomaly of the thick circular layer of gastric musculature encircling the gastroduodenal junction at the gastric outlet of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009864 abnormal aorta endothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009872 abnormal aorta tunica intima morphology any structural anomaly of the thin layer of flat cells that line the aorta and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009865 abnormal aorta smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009873 abnormal aorta tunica media morphology any structural anomaly of the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue located in the wall of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009866 abnormal aorta wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the aorta that encloses the luminal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009867 abnormal ascending aorta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010468 abnormal thoracic aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the aorta that arises from the base of the left ventricle and extends upward to the aortic arch and from which the coronary arteries arise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009868 abnormal descending thoracic aorta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009869 abnormal descending aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the aorta that extends from the arch of the aorta to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009869 abnormal descending aorta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the aorta extending from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009870 abnormal abdominal aorta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009869 abnormal descending aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the descending aorta that begins at the diaphragm and continues to the point of the common iliac arteries, and supplies oxygenated blood to all of the abdominal and pelvic organs and the legs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009871 abnormal aorta tunica adventitia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009866 abnormal aorta wall morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost layer of the aorta wall, containing connective tissue and collagen and elastic fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009872 abnormal aorta tunica intima morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009866 abnormal aorta wall morphology any structural anomaly of the innermost layer of the aorta, containing the endothelium and an inner elastic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009873 abnormal aorta tunica media morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009866 abnormal aorta wall morphology any structural anomaly of the middle layer of the aorta wall, containing the smooth muscle layer and elastic fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009874 abnormal interdigital cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006280 abnormal digit development change in the expected number of cells undergoing programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the autopod during development, precluding the sculpting of normal digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009875 absent interdigital cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009874 abnormal interdigital cell death no cells undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the autopod during development, precluding the sculpting of any digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009876 increased cellular sensitivity to thiophosphamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008402 increased cellular sensitivity to alkylating agents a greater frequency of chromosomal aberrations is found in cells after exposure to the alkylating agent thiophosphamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009877 exostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure a projection of bone, sometimes a benign tumor (osteochondroma), that is capped by cartilage and arises from a bone that develops from cartilage; these usually arise on the joints of bones and are most commonly found on ribs, and also the ankles, knees, shoulders, elbows and hips http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009878 decreased susceptibility to bone fracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004149 increased bone strength reduced probability that injury or disease will result in damaged or broken bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009879 abnormal arcus anterior morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004607 abnormal cervical atlas morphology any structural anomaly in the arch that connects the lateral masses of the atlas anteriorly and articulates with the anterior articular facet of the dens of the axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009880 decreased mouth size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031503 abnormal mouth size abnormally decreased size of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009881 increased mouth size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031503 abnormal mouth size abnormally increased size of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009882 absent palatal shelf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031460 abnormal palatal shelf morphology absence of the palatal projections from the inner part of the maxillary processes that fuse to form the secondary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009883 palatal shelf hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031462 decreased palatal shelf size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the palatal projections from the inner part of the maxillary processes that fuse to form the secondary palate, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009884 palatal shelf fusion with tongue or mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031460 abnormal palatal shelf morphology palatal shelves do not elevate during development and instead fuse with tongue tissues or with the mandible tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009885 abnormal palatal shelf elevation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031460 abnormal palatal shelf morphology any anomaly in the process in which the palatal shelves move from a vertical position in the orofacial cavity to a horizontal apposition above the developing tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009886 failure of palatal shelf elevation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009885 abnormal palatal shelf elevation the palatal shelves fail to move from a vertical position in the orofacial cavity to a horizontal apposition above the developing tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009887 abnormal palatal shelf fusion at midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031460 abnormal palatal shelf morphology any anomaly in the process in which the palatal shelves grow toward the midline and adhere along the medial edge epithelia, forming the midline epithelial seam which disappears in later stages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009888 palatal shelves fail to meet at midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009887 abnormal palatal shelf fusion at midline polarized growth towards the midline following palatal shelf elevation does not occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009889 persistence of medial edge epithelium during palatal shelf fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009887 abnormal palatal shelf fusion at midline palatal shelves meet at the midline during development but do not adhere along the medial edge epithelia, and fail to form the midline epithelial seam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009890 cleft secondary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013550 abnormal secondary palate morphology congenital fissure of the tissues normally uniting to form the secondary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009891 abnormal palate bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003756 abnormal hard palate morphology any structural anomaly of the maxillary or palatine shelves that comprise the bones of the hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009892 palate bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009891 abnormal palate bone morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the palate bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009893 cleft primary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013549 abnormal primary palate morphology congenital fissure of the tissues normally uniting to form the primary palate; the primary palate will form the premaxillary portion of the maxilla (anterior one-third of the final palate) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009894 absent hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003756 abnormal hard palate morphology absence of the anterior part of the palate that is supported by and includes the palatal extensions of the maxillary and palatine bones in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009895 decreased palatine bone horizontal plate size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004537 abnormal palatine bone horizontal plate morphology reduced size of the bony plate of the palatine bone that normally fuses with maxillary shelf to form secondary (hard) palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009896 palatine bone horizontal plate hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009895 decreased palatine bone horizontal plate size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the palatine bone horizontal plate, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009897 decreased maxillary shelf size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004538 abnormal maxillary shelf morphology reduced size of the bony projection of the maxilla that normally fuses with palatine shelf to form secondary (hard) palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009898 maxillary shelf hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009897 decreased maxillary shelf size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the maxillary shelf, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009899 hyoid bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hyoid bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009900 vomer bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the vomer bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009901 abnormal frontonasal prominence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of an unpaired facial process in the embryo formed from the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle that develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009902 abnormal lateral nasal prominence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of the lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo; it separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye and the ala of the nose/snout develops from it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009903 abnormal medial nasal prominence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of the central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009904 tongue hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009907 decreased tongue size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the tongue, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009905 absent tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology absence of the mobile mass of muscular tissue and surrounding epithelial tissue occupying the cavity of the mouth and forming part of the floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009906 increased tongue size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology greater size the mobile mass of muscular tissue and surrounding epithelial tissue occupying the cavity of the mouth and forming part of the floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009907 decreased tongue size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology reduced size of the mobile mass of muscular tissue and surrounding epithelial tissue occupying the cavity of the mouth and forming part of the floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009908 protruding tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031443 abnormal tongue position the tongue extends out beyond the oral cavity past the lips; may be due to paralysis, oral cavity size, tongue hypoplasia or dysfunction of the hypoglossal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009909 bifid tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology tongue is fully divided by a lengthwise midline cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009910 bifurcated tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology tongue is split into two halves at the anterior tip; division does not extend the full length of the tongue; this is normal in some animals such as reptiles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009911 increased hyoid bone size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003056 abnormal hyoid bone morphology greater size of the U-shaped bone lying between the mandible and the larynx that supports the tongue muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009912 decreased hyoid bone size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003056 abnormal hyoid bone morphology reduced size of the U-shaped bone lying between the mandible and the larynx that supports the tongue muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009913 abnormal hyoid bone greater horn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003056 abnormal hyoid bone morphology any structural anomaly of the larger and more lateral of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009914 abnormal hyoid bone lesser horn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003056 abnormal hyoid bone morphology any structural anomaly of shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009915 absent hyoid bone lesser horns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009914 abnormal hyoid bone lesser horn morphology absence of shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009916 absent hyoid bone greater horns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009913 abnormal hyoid bone greater horn morphology absence of the larger and more lateral of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009917 abnormal hyoid bone body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003056 abnormal hyoid bone morphology any structural anomaly of the main curve of the hyoid bone, from which the horns extend http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009918 abnormal stylohyoid ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous cord that connects the tip of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lesser horn of the hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009919 abnormal transitional stage T1 B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008188 abnormal transitional stage B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a type of transitional stage B cell that migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and finally to the spleen; this cell type has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-negative, CD21-negative, CD23-negative, and CD62L-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009920 abnormal transitional stage T2 B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008188 abnormal transitional stage B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a type of transitional stage B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-postive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-negative, and is located in the splenic B follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009921 abnormal transitional stage T3 B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008188 abnormal transitional stage B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a type of a transitional stage B cell that expresses surface IgM and IgD, and CD62L; it is an anergic B cell that does not proliferate upon BCR signaling, is found in the spleen and lymph nodes, and has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-positive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, and CD62L-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009922 increased transitional stage T1 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009919 abnormal transitional stage T1 B cell morphology greater number of a type of transitional stage B cell that migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and finally to the spleen; this cell type has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-negative, CD21-negative, CD23-negative, and CD62L-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009923 decreased transitional stage T1 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009919 abnormal transitional stage T1 B cell morphology reduced number of a type of transitional stage B cell that migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and finally to the spleen; this cell type has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-negative, CD21-negative, CD23-negative, and CD62L-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009924 absent transitional stage T1 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009923 decreased transitional stage T1 B cell number absence of a type of transitional stage B cell that migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and finally to the spleen; this cell type has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-negative, CD21-negative, CD23-negative, and CD62L-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009925 increased transitional stage T2 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009920 abnormal transitional stage T2 B cell morphology greater number of a type of a transitional stage B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-postive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-negative, and is located in the splenic B follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009926 decreased transitional stage T2 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009920 abnormal transitional stage T2 B cell morphology reduced number of a type of transitional stage B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-postive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-negative, and is located in the splenic B follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009927 absent transitional stage T2 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009926 decreased transitional stage T2 B cell number absence of a type of transitional stage B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-postive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-negative, and is located in the splenic B follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009928 abnormal pinna hair pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation amount and distribution of yellow pigment (phaeomelanin) relative to black or brown pigment (eumelanin) is decreased or increased in hair located behind the ears when compared to control animal pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009929 meningomyelocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology hernial protrusion of the spinal cord and its meninges through an opening or defect in the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009930 fuzzy hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002074 abnormal hair texture covered with upright, fine, sometimes lightly curled hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009932 skin fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the skin, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009933 abnormal tail hair pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation an anomaly in the expected coloration of hair on the dorsal and/or ventral surface of the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009934 abnormal hind foot hair pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation an anomaly in the expected color gradient of hair covering the metatarsals and phalanges often differentially expressed in females and males http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009935 abnormal Meibomian gland acinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005252 abnormal Meibomian gland morphology any structural anomaly of the sac-like structures comprising the sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids and responsible for producing sebum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009936 abnormal dendritic spine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology any structural anomaly of the small membranous protrusion from the dendrite of a neuron that is involved in synaptic transmission; it typically receives input from a single synapse of an axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009938 abnormal hippocampus granule cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008285 abnormal hippocampus granule cell layer any structural anomaly of the small neurons of the hippocampal granule cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009940 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008284 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell layer any structural anomaly of a multipolar projection neuron in the hippocampus pyramidal cell layer; pyramidal cells have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base; the axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their cortical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009941 abnormal olfactory bulb interneuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000965 abnormal sensory neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the group of neurons residing in the olfactory bulb that serve to process and refine signals arising from olfactory sensory neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009942 abnormal olfactory bulb granule cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009949 abnormal olfactory bulb granule cell layer morphology any structural anomaly of the main intrinsic GABAergic neuron in the granule cell layer of the main olfactory bulb; dendrites of these cells receive synaptic input from mitral and tufted cell lateral dendrites in the external plexiform layer, and have synaptic outputs on those dendrites through reciprocal dendrodendritic synapses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009943 abnormal olfactory bulb periglomerular cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009948 abnormal olfactory bulb glomerular layer morphology any structural anomaly of the small neuron in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb whose dendrites arborize within a glomerulus, where it receives synaptic input from olfactory receptor cell axon terminals, and also engages in dendrodendritic interactions with mitral and tufted cell dendrites; uses both GABA and dopamine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009945 abnormal accessory olfactory bulb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009944 abnormal olfactory lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009946 abnormal olfactory bulb layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000819 abnormal olfactory bulb morphology any structural anomaly of the laminar structure of the forebrain region that coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009947 abnormal olfactory bulb external plexiform layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009946 abnormal olfactory bulb layer morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the olfactory bulb, lying superior to the mitral cell layer and inferior to the glomerular layer, which is mostly neuropil composed almost entirely of mitral and tufted cell dendrites, granule cell dendrites and their synaptic inputs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009948 abnormal olfactory bulb glomerular layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009946 abnormal olfactory bulb layer morphology any structural anomaly in the most superficial layer of the olfactory bulb that consists of mitral cell dendritic arborizations, olfactory nerve fibers, and periglomerular cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009949 abnormal olfactory bulb granule cell layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009946 abnormal olfactory bulb layer morphology any structural anomaly of the olfactory bulb layer consisting primarily of multiple small, round neurons that lack axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009950 abnormal olfactory bulb internal plexiform layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009946 abnormal olfactory bulb layer morphology any structural anomaly in the olfactory bulb layer in which axons from mitral cells and axon collaterals of external tufted cells run http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009951 abnormal olfactory bulb mitral cell layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009946 abnormal olfactory bulb layer morphology any structural anomaly in the olfactory bulb layer composed of pyramidal neurons and located between the granule cell and plexiform layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009952 abnormal olfactory bulb subventricular zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004275 abnormal postnatal subventricular zone morphology any structural anomaly of the region of mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the lateral brain ventricles that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells, that produce neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009953 abnormal olfactory tubercle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005267 abnormal olfactory cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the region in the ventral telencephalon, prominent in rodents, but present in all mammals, consisting of a laminated cortical part and the cap/hilus region; it is traditionally viewed as part of the olfactory cortex but recognized by some as having a striatal character; according to many authors, the structure of the OT transitions from cortical like to striatal like along the lateral medial axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009954 abnormal mitral cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009951 abnormal olfactory bulb mitral cell layer morphology any structural anomaly of the large glutaminergic nerve cells whose dendrites synapse with axons of the olfactory receptor neurons in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, and whose axons pass centrally in the olfactory tract to the olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009955 abnormal olfactory bulb tufted cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009947 abnormal olfactory bulb external plexiform layer morphology any structural anomaly of the principal glutaminergic neuron located in the outer third of the external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb; a single short primary dendrite traverses the outer external plexiform layer and terminates within an olfactory glomerulus in a tuft of branches, where it receives the input from olfactory receptor neuron axon terminals; axons of the tufted cells transfer information to a number of areas in the brain, including the piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009964 abnormal cerebellum lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in the central section of the cerebellum between the two hemispheres; in humans, vermis lobule regions may be nearly continuous with the cerebellar hemisphere lobules dorsally but are separated by deeper longitudinal fissues in the ventral regions; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009958 absent cerebellar granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008924 decreased cerebellar granule cell number absence of the small neurons of the granule cell layer that send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009959 abnormal cerebellar hemisphere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the paired regions of the cerebellum that lie outside and lateral to the central vermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009961 abnormal flocculonodular lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004097 abnormal cerebellar cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the small region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the posteriolateral fissure in humans; it receives input from the inferior and medial vestibular nuclei and sends fibers back to the vestibular nuclei, and processes and integrates these signals to allow for the constant maintenance of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009963 abnormal cerebellum hemisphere lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009959 abnormal cerebellar hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in either of the lateral sections of the cerebellum outside the vermis; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres; distinct species specific differences in hemisphere lobulation occurs among mammals, with greatest complexity in primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009965 abnormal cerebellum lateral hemisphere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009959 abnormal cerebellar hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the most lateral paired regions of the cerebellum; the lateral zone receives input from the parietal cortex via pontocerebellar mossy fibers regarding the location and position of the body and integrates input signals with indications of muscle activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009966 abnormal cerebellum intermediate hemisphere morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009959 abnormal cerebellar hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the paired regions of the cerebellar hemisphere that lie adjacent to the vermis and are between the vermis and lateral regions of the hemispheres; it receives input from the corticopontocerebellar fibers that originate from the motor cortex, and also receives sensory feedback from the muscles; these signals are integrated by this region, to coordinate muscle activity with motor inputs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009967 abnormal neuron proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology any anomaly in the ability of a neuron to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009968 abnormal cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009967 abnormal neuron proliferation any anomaly in the ability of a cerebellar granule cell precursor population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009969 abnormal cerebral cortex pyramidal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the projection neurons in the pyramidal cell layer of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009970 increased hippocampus pyramidal cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009940 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell morphology increased number of the multipolar projection neurons in the hippocampus pyramidal cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009971 decreased hippocampus pyramidal cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009940 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell morphology decreased number of the multipolar projection neurons in the hippocampus pyramidal cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009972 absent hippocampus pyramidal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009971 decreased hippocampus pyramidal cell number absence of the multipolar projection neurons in the hippocampus pyramidal cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009973 increased cerebral cortex pyramidal cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009969 abnormal cerebral cortex pyramidal cell morphology increased number of the projection neurons in the pyramidal cell layer of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009974 decreased cerebral cortex pyramidal cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009969 abnormal cerebral cortex pyramidal cell morphology reduced number of the projection neurons in the pyramidal cell layer of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009975 absent cerebral cortex pyramidal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009974 decreased cerebral cortex pyramidal cell number absence of the projection neurons in the pyramidal cell layer of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009976 abnormal cerebellar peduncle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009978 abnormal cerebellum white matter morphology any structural anomaly of any of the three large paired bundles of nerve fibers that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009977 abnormal cerebellar granule cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006009 abnormal neuronal migration any anomaly in the movement of cerebellar granule cell neurons from the germinal zone into the granule cell layer of the cerebellum along radial glia fibers during development of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009978 abnormal cerebellum white matter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008026 abnormal brain white matter morphology any structural anomaly in the region of the cerebellum consisting of myelinated axons lying deep to the granule cell layer, excluding the deep cerebellar nuclei and the cerebellar peduncles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009979 abnormal cerebellum deep nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000849 abnormal cerebellum morphology any structural anomaly of the gray matter nuclei located in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter, which receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber pathways; all output fibers of the cerebellum originate from the these nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009980 abnormal cerebellum dentate nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009979 abnormal cerebellum deep nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009981 abnormal cerebellum emboliform nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009984 abnormal cerebellum interpositus nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009982 abnormal cerebellum globose nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009984 abnormal cerebellum interpositus nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the two or three small masses of gray matter that is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus; it receives axons from the intermediate area of the cerebellar hemispheres and its afferents exit through the superior cerebellar peduncle; it is recognized in human cerebellum but is not distinguishable in all mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009983 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009979 abnormal cerebellum deep nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the most medial of the cerebellar nuclei; it receives its afferent input from Purkinje cells of the flocculonodular lobe and the vermis, and most of its efferent connections travel via the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the vestibular nuclei and to the medullary reticular formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009984 abnormal cerebellum interpositus nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009979 abnormal cerebellum deep nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the nucleus composed of the globose and emboliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009985 abnormal inferior cerebellar peduncle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009976 abnormal cerebellar peduncle morphology any structural anomaly of the paired cerebellar peduncles that connects the medulla spinalis and medulla oblongata with the cerebellum, and is composed of juxtarestiform body and restiform body; it carries many types of input and output fibers that are mainly concerned with integrating proprioceptive sensory input with motor vestibular functions such as balance and posture maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009986 abnormal middle cerebellar peduncle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009976 abnormal cerebellar peduncle morphology any structural anomaly of the largest of the three paired cerebellar peduncles; it is composed mainly of afferent fibers that originate within the pontine nuclei as part of the massive corticopontocerebellar tract, whose fibers descend from the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral neocortex, through the pons and into the cerebellar nuclei and cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009987 abnormal superior cerebellar peduncle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009976 abnormal cerebellar peduncle morphology any structural anomaly of the major output pathway of the cerebellum; most of the efferent fibers originate within the cerebellum dentate nucleus and cerebellum interpositus nuclei, which in turn project to various midbrain structures including the red nucleus, the ventral lateral/ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus, and the medulla; most of the fibers that pass through this peduncle are involved in pathways important in motor planning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009988 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule I morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the rostral most of the vermis lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009989 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule II morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009990 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule III morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009991 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule IV morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule III http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009993 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule V morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009994 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VI morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule V http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009995 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VII morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009957 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule morphology any structural anomaly of the lobule found just caudal to lobule VI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009997 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule X morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009961 abnormal flocculonodular lobe morphology any structural anomaly of the caudal most lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009998 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VIIa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009995 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VII morphology any structural anomaly of the division of the vermis lobule VII that is a short, narrow, concealed band at the posterior extremity of the vermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009999 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VIIb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009995 abnormal cerebellum vermis lobule VII morphology any structural anomaly in the posterior division of the vermis lobule VII, it is of small size, and laterally spreads out into the large inferior semilunar lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010001 abnormal ansiform lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009963 abnormal cerebellum hemisphere lobule morphology any structural anomaly in the lobule comprising the greater part of the hemisphere of the cerebellum; its superior and inferior surfaces are separated by the horizontal fissure into major parts known as crus I and crus II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010004 abnormal paramedian lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009963 abnormal cerebellum hemisphere lobule morphology any structural anomaly in the anterior portion of the posteroinferior lobule of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010006 abnormal flocculus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009959 abnormal cerebellar hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the small region of the cerebellum that receives input from the inferior and medial vestibular nuclei and sends fibers back to the vestibular nuclei, and processes and integrates these signals to allow for the constant maintenance of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010007 abnormal paraflocculus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009959 abnormal cerebellar hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly in the lateral part of the flocculus of the cerebellum that receives and integrates multi-modal sensory inputs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010008 abnormal Purkinje cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006009 abnormal neuronal migration any anomaly in the movement of immature Purkinje cells from the ventricular zone of the fourth ventricle along radial glial cells to the forming Purkinje cell layer during development of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010009 abnormal piriform cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005267 abnormal olfactory cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract; it is located bilaterally in the ventrolateral forebrain and is commonly divided into anterior and posterior regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010010 abnormal islands of Calleja morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009953 abnormal olfactory tubercle morphology any structural anomaly of the seven small groups of granule cells in the polymorph layer of the olfactory tubercle and one large group, the insula magna, which lies along the border between septum, nucleus accumbens and nucleus of the diagonal band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010011 ectopic hippocampus pyramidal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009940 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell morphology the hippocampus pyramidal cell body resides in places other than the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010012 ectopic cerebral cortex pyramidal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009969 abnormal cerebral cortex pyramidal cell morphology the cerebral cortex pyramidal cell body resides in places other than the pyramidal cell layer of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010013 cerebral cortex pyramidal cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009969 abnormal cerebral cortex pyramidal cell morphology a retrogressive impairment or destruction of the projection neuron in the pyramidal layer of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010014 hippocampus pyramidal cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009940 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell morphology a retrogressive impairment or destruction of a multipolar projection neuron in the hippocampus pyramidal cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010015 abnormal cuticular plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000042 abnormal organ of Corti morphology any structural anomaly of the firm laminar network of actin filaments in the organ of Corti to which the apical ends of the cochlear hair cells attach and through which their stereocilia project http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010016 variable depigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation absence or loss of normal pigment in the skin in various and irregular patterns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010018 pulmonary vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010017 visceral vascular congestion obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the lung resulting in engorgement of pulmonary vessels; frequently precedes pulmonary edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010019 liver vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009820 abnormal liver vasculature morphology obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010020 spleen vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010017 visceral vascular congestion obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010021 heart vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010017 visceral vascular congestion obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010022 brain vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010023 cerebral vascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010022 brain vascular congestion obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the blood vessel network of the cerebrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010024 increased total body fat amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005452 abnormal adipose tissue amount greater than the normal total amount of connective tissue composed of fat cells within the entire body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010025 decreased total body fat amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005452 abnormal adipose tissue amount less than the normal total amount of connective tissue composed of fat cells within the entire body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010026 decreased liver cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012776 abnormal liver cholesterol level less than normal amount in the liver of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010027 increased liver cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012776 abnormal liver cholesterol level greater than normal amount in the liver of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010030 abnormal orbit morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of the bony ring that supports the eyeball and supporting tissues and is formed by parts of several cranial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010033 paraphimosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology inability of the penis to retract back into the prepuce/foreskin; entrapment of a retracted foreskin behind the coronal sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010034 abnormal erythrocyte clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003656 abnormal erythrocyte physiology any anomaly in the selective elimination of aging erythrocytes from the body by autoregulatory mechanisms, often expressed as half-life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010035 increased erythrocyte clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010034 abnormal erythrocyte clearance increased elimination of aging erythrocytes from the body by autoregulatory mechanisms, often expressed as half-life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010036 decreased erythrocyte clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010034 abnormal erythrocyte clearance decreased elimination of aging erythrocytes from the body by autoregulatory mechanisms, often expressed as half-life http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010037 ectopic melanocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002877 abnormal melanocyte morphology pigment producing cells are not located in the normal or expected position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010039 abnormal trophoblast giant cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010038 abnormal placenta physiology abnormality in the expansion rate of the trophoblast giant cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010040 abnormal oval cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002138 abnormal hepatobiliary system morphology any structural anomaly of adult liver-specific stem cells; a blast-like cell capable of self renewal and multipotent differentiation, the oval cell is capable of differentiating into mature hepatocytes or cholangiocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010041 absent oval cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010040 abnormal oval cell morphology absence of adult liver-specific stem cells; a blast-like cell capable of self renewal and multipotent differentiation, the oval cell is capable of differentiating into mature hepatocytes or cholangiocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010042 abnormal oval cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000609 abnormal liver physiology any functional anomaly of adult liver-specific stem cells; a blast-like cell capable of self renewal and multipotent differentiation, the oval cell is capable of differentiating into mature hepatocytes or cholangiocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010043 abnormal frontonasal suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030229 abnormal craniofacial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the frontal and nasal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010044 abnormal omental fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000010 abnormal abdominal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010045 increased omental fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010044 abnormal omental fat pad morphology greater than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010046 decreased omental fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010044 abnormal omental fat pad morphology less than average weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010047 axonal spheroids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005405 axon degeneration focal 10-50 micron diameter swellings of axons, which are sometimes, but not always, terminal endbulbs, and are filled with disorganized neurofilaments, tubules, organelles or multi-lamellar inclusions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010048 abnormal primitive streak regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology any anomaly in the process by which the primitive streak disappears during gastrulation, when the node moves back to a posterior position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010050 hypermyelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000920 abnormal myelination increased myelin formation in a myelin sheath over all or part of an axon or fiber tract, usually resulting in a thicker myelin sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010052 increased grip strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001515 abnormal grip strength greater ability to grasp and hold objects, often measured as time spent hanging from an object or wire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010053 decreased grip strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001515 abnormal grip strength reduced ability to grasp and hold objects, often measured as time spent hanging from an object or wire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010054 increased hepatoblastoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008021 increased blastoma incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm occurring primarily in the liver and composed of tissue resembling embryonic or fetal hepatic epithelium, or mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tissues, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010056 ectopic skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology skeletal muscle is located in a position not normally occupied by this tissue type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010057 abnormal olfactory bulb outer nerve layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009946 abnormal olfactory bulb layer morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost layer of the olfactory bulb; consists primarily of olfactory afferent axons and ensheathing glia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010058 enlarged olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000819 abnormal olfactory bulb morphology increased size of the forebrain region that coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell; it receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010059 olfactory bulb hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002741 small olfactory bulb decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the olfactory bulb, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010060 abnormal creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of the amino acid that is found in muscle tissue of vertebrates as phosphocreatine and supplies energy for muscle contraction when metabolized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010061 increased creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010060 abnormal creatine level increase in the amount of the amino acid that is found in muscle tissue of vertebrates as phosphocreatine and supplies energy for muscle contraction when metabolized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010062 decreased creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010060 abnormal creatine level reduction in the amount of the amino acid that is found in muscle tissue of vertebrates as phosphocreatine and supplies energy for muscle contraction when metabolized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010063 abnormal circulating creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010060 abnormal creatine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of an amino acid that is found in muscle tissue of vertebrates as phosphocreatine and supplies energy for muscle contraction when metabolized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010064 increased circulating creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010063 abnormal circulating creatine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of an amino acid that is found in muscle tissue of vertebrates as phosphocreatine and supplies energy for muscle contraction when metabolized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010065 decreased circulating creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010063 abnormal circulating creatine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of an amino acid that is found in muscle tissue of vertebrates as phosphocreatine and supplies energy for muscle contraction when metabolized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010066 abnormal red blood cell distribution width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology an anomaly in the coefficient of variance (reference range) of the red blood cell volume for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010068 decreased red blood cell distribution width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010066 abnormal red blood cell distribution width lower than normal coefficient of variance (reference range) of the red blood cell volume for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010069 increased serotonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005322 abnormal serotonin level increase in the amount of biochemical messenger and regulator, found in the CNS, gastrointestinal tract, and produced by platelets that mediates neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010070 decreased serotonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005322 abnormal serotonin level reduction in the amount of biochemical messenger and regulator, found in the CNS, gastrointestinal tract, and produced by platelets that mediates neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010071 abnormal pruritus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology anomaly in the normal absence or presence of an uncomfortable sensation resulting from irritation of the skin or mucous membranes that evokes the desire or reflex to rub or scratch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010072 increased pruritus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010071 abnormal pruritus abnormal presence or increased intensity of an uncomfortable sensation resulting from irritation of the skin or mucous membranes that evokes the desire or reflex to rub or scratch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010073 decreased pruritus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010071 abnormal pruritus absence or decreased intensity of an uncomfortable sensation resulting from irritation of the skin or mucous membranes that evokes the desire or reflex to rub or scratch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010074 stomatocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology deformation of red blood cells to a cup-like shape, with swelling and with an elongated area of central pallor, instead of the normal biconcave shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010075 abnormal circulating phytosterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010076 abnormal phytosterol level anomaly in the amount of phytosterols in the blood; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010076 abnormal phytosterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012224 abnormal sterol level anomaly in the amount of plant sterols often as a result of hyperabsorbtion of phytosterols and decreased biliary excretion of dietary sterols;commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010077 increased phytosterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010076 abnormal phytosterol level increased amount of plant sterols often as a result of hyperabsorbtion of phytosterols and decreased biliary excretion of dietary sterols; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010078 increased circulating phytosterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010077 increased phytosterol level increase in the amount of phytosterols in the blood; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010079 increased osteochondroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010280 increased skeletal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign cartilagenous neoplasm that consists of a pedicle of normal bone capped by a region of proliferating cartilage cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; osteochondroma is most often associated with one or more of the long bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010081 posterior microphthalmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001297 microphthalmia reduced average size of the back of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010082 sternebra fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004322 abnormal sternebra morphology appearance of one or more sternebrae as a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010084 abnormal long lived plasma cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002439 abnormal plasma cell morphology any structural anomaly of a fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for years, as opposed to months, secretes immunoglobulin, and has the phenotype weakly CD19-positive, CD20-negative, CD38-negative, strongly CD138-positive, MHC Class II-negative, surface immunoglobulin-negative, IgD-negative, and strongly CXCR4-positive; the majority of these cells of this type reside in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010085 abnormal short lived plasma cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002439 abnormal plasma cell morphology any structural anomaly of a fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for months, not years http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010086 abnormal circulating fructosamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of total non enzymatic glycated proteins in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010087 increased circulating fructosamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010086 abnormal circulating fructosamine level increase in the concentration in the blood of total non enzymatic glycated proteins in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010088 decreased circulating fructosamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010086 abnormal circulating fructosamine level decrease in the concentration in the blood of total non enzymatic glycated proteins in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010089 abnormal circulating creatine kinase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020279 abnormal creatine kinase level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of creatine to phosphocreatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010090 increased circulating creatine kinase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020280 increased creatine kinase level an elevation in the concentration in the blood of an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of creatine to phosphocreatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010091 decreased circulating creatine kinase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020281 decreased creatine kinase level a reduction in the concentration in the blood of an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of creatine to phosphocreatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010092 increased circulating magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001771 abnormal circulating magnesium level an elevation in the blood concentration of magnesium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010093 decreased circulating magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001771 abnormal circulating magnesium level a reduction in the blood concentration of magnesium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010094 abnormal chromosome stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology anomaly in the probability that whole chromosomes or pieces of chromosomes are gained or lost during cell division, resulting in an imbalance in the number of chromosomes per cell (aneuploidy) and an reduced rate of loss of heterozygosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010095 increased chromosomal stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010094 abnormal chromosome stability decrease in the probability that whole chromosomes or pieces of chromosomes are gained or lost during cell division, resulting in an imbalance in the number of chromosomes per cell (aneuploidy) and an reduced rate of loss of heterozygosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010096 abnormal incisor color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013129 abnormal tooth color anomaly in the color and shading of the incisor, which normally presents in shades of white http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010097 abnormal retina blood vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002792 abnormal retina vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of any of the blood vessels supplying the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010098 abnormal retina blood vessel pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002792 abnormal retina vasculature morphology anomaly in the systematic arrangement of the blood vessels supplying the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010099 abnormal thoracic cage shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology anomaly in the overall regular dome shape of the ribcage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010100 increased cervical vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003048 abnormal cervical vertebrae morphology increased number of the seven bony segments of the spine located anterior to the thoracic vertebrae and caudal to the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010101 increased sacral vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004644 increased vertebrae number increase of any or all of the bony segments of the spine located posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010102 increased caudal vertebrae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004644 increased vertebrae number increased number of the bony segments of the coccyx or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010103 small thoracic cage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology reduced size of the bony and cartilaginous structure enclosing the thoracic cavity, consisting of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, costal cartilages, and sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010104 enlarged thoracic cage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004624 abnormal thoracic cage morphology increased size of the bony and cartilaginous structure enclosing the thoracic cavity, consisting of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, costal cartilages, and sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010105 abnormal sublingual ganglion morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001034 abnormal parasympathetic ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the small parasympathetic ganglion found anterior to the submandibular gland that provides postsynaptic fibers to the sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010106 abnormal circulating pyruvate kinase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level abnormal concentration in the blood of the phosphotransferase in the glycolytic pathway that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP, forming ATP and p; deficiency results in hemolytic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010107 abnormal renal reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any anomaly in the two-step process beginning with the active or passive extraction of substances (such as water, glucose, oligopeptides, amino acids, sodium (Na+) and other ions) from the renal tubule fluid into the renal interstitium, and the subsequent transport of these substances out of the renal interstitium back into the bloodstream; reabsorption begins in the proximal convoluted tubules and continues in the loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubules, and collecting tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010108 abnormal renal water reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011443 abnormal renal water transport any anomaly in the process by which water is passively transported out of the renal tubules back into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010109 abnormal renal sodium reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011442 abnormal renal sodium ion transport any anomaly in the process by which sodium ions are transported out of the renal tubules back into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010110 abnormal renal phosphate reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010107 abnormal renal reabsorption any anomaly in the process by which phosphate (salt or ester of phosphoric acid) is transported out of the renal tubules back into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010111 abnormal renal calcium reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010107 abnormal renal reabsorption any anomaly in the process by which calcium ions are transported out of the renal tubules back into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010113 abnormal sacrum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology any structural anomaly of the segment of the vertebral column that is formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae in adult humans and tailless primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010114 abnormal coccyx morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology any structural anomaly of the rostral-most segment of the vertebral column that is formed by the fusion of three to five coccygeal vertebrae in adult humans and tailless primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010116 abnormal primitive urogenital sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010115 abnormal embryonic cloaca morphology any structural anomaly of the ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010117 abnormal lateral plate mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014141 abnormal mesoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, is continuous with the extra-embryonic mesoderm, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010118 abnormal intermediate mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014141 abnormal mesoderm morphology any anomaly of the band of mesoderm located between the segmented paraxial mesoderm and the lateral plate mesoderm, that develops into the nephrogenic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010122 abnormal bone mineral content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any anomaly in the amount (usually in grams/cm) of bone mineral divided by a bone-scanned area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010123 increased bone mineral content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010122 abnormal bone mineral content elevation in the amount (usually in grams/cm) of bone mineral divided by a bone-scanned area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010124 decreased bone mineral content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010122 abnormal bone mineral content reduction in the amount (usually in grams/cm) of bone mineral divided by a bone-scanned area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010125 abnormal parvocellular neurosecretory cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010913 abnormal neuroendocrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the secretory neurons of the paraventricular nucleus that synthesize and secrete vasopressin, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into blood vessels in the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010126 abnormal distal visceral endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011186 abnormal visceral endoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010127 hypervolemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001599 abnormal blood volume an abnormally increased amount of space occupied by blood in the vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010128 hypovolemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001599 abnormal blood volume an abnormally decreased amount of space occupied by blood in the vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010129 increased DN1 thymic pro-T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005090 increased double-negative T cell number increased number of pro-T cells that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010130 decreased DN1 thymic pro-T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005089 decreased double-negative T cell number reduced number of pro-T cells that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010131 increased DN2 thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005090 increased double-negative T cell number increased number of thymocytes that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010132 decreased DN2 thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005089 decreased double-negative T cell number reduced number of thymocytes that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010133 increased DN3 thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005090 increased double-negative T cell number increased number of thymocytes that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, and CD25-positive and expressing the T cell receptor beta-chain in complex with the pre-T cell receptor alpha chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010134 decreased DN3 thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005089 decreased double-negative T cell number reduced number of thymocytes that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, and CD25-positive and expressing the T cell receptor beta-chain in complex with the pre-T cell receptor alpha chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010135 increased DN4 thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005090 increased double-negative T cell number increased number of thymocytes that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010136 decreased DN4 thymocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005089 decreased double-negative T cell number reduced number of thymocytes that have the cell surface marker phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010137 delayed exit from anagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008858 abnormal hair cycle anagen phase anomaly in the growth phase of the hair cycle resulting a prolonged anagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010138 arteritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001863 blood vessel inflammation inflammation of the walls of arteries, usually as a result of infection or autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010139 aortitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010138 arteritis inflammation of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010140 phlebitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001863 blood vessel inflammation inflammation of a vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010141 lymphangitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010368 abnormal lymphatic system physiology inflammation of the lymphatic vessels/channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010142 disorganized hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology derangement of the normal pattern of the layered structure of the cuticle, cortex and/or medulla of a hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010143 enhanced fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002161 abnormal fertility/fecundity increased physiological ability to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010144 abnormal tumor vascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000260 abnormal angiogenesis aberrant process of blood vessel formation and the subsequent remodeling process within and/or around tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010145 abnormal spermatic cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the cord-like structure in males comprising the vas deferens and associated tissue that runs from the abdomen down to each testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010146 umbilical hernia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology an outward bulging (protrusion) of the abdominal lining or part of the abdominal organ(s) through the area around the umbilicus; occurs when the muscle through which blood vessels pass to feed the developing fetus fails to completely close http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010149 abnormal synaptic dopamine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005445 abnormal neurotransmitter secretion aberrant secretion across synapses of the catecholamine neurotransmitter and neurohormone, derived from tyrosine and the precursor to norepinephrine and epinephrine; functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain and as a hormone to inhibit the release of prolactin from the anterior lobe of the pituitary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010150 abnormal mandibular ramus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000458 abnormal mandible morphology any structural anomaly of the upturned perpendicular extremity of the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010151 abnormal spinal cord ependymal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002653 abnormal ependyma morphology any structural anomaly of the cellular membrane that lines the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010152 abnormal brain ependyma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002653 abnormal ependyma morphology any structural anomaly of the cellular membrane that lines the brain ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010153 abnormal gastroesophageal sphincter morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010798 abnormal stomach cardiac region morphology any structural anomaly of the thick circular layer of smooth gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010156 abnormal small intestinal crypt cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014201 abnormal intestinal epithelium physiology any functional anomaly of the cells that make up the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010157 abnormal small intestinal crypt cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010156 abnormal small intestinal crypt cell physiology anomaly in the ability of the cells that make up the tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010159 abnormal enterocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010158 abnormal intestine development abnormal formation of the epithelial cells that have an apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010160 increased oligodendrocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000953 abnormal oligodendrocyte morphology greater number of cells of the central nervous system that form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the CNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010161 decreased brain cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012779 abnormal brain cholesterol level less than normal amount in the brain of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010162 increased brain cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012779 abnormal brain cholesterol level greater than normal amount in the brain of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010165 abnormal response to stress-induced hyperthermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011019 abnormal adaptive thermogenesis any anomaly in the expected increase in core body termperature in response to stress or anticipatory anxiety http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010166 increased response to stress-induced hyperthermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010165 abnormal response to stress-induced hyperthermia greater increase or faster than expected increase in core body termperature in response to stress or anticipatory anxiety http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010167 decreased response to stress-induced hyperthermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010165 abnormal response to stress-induced hyperthermia reduction or absence of the expected increase in core body termperature in response to stress or anticipatory anxiety http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010168 increased CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012773 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number a greater number of the CD4-positive, CD25-positive T cell subset which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010169 decreased CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012773 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number a reduction in the number of the CD4-positive, CD25-positive T cell subset which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010170 abnormal glial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003690 abnormal glial cell physiology change in the timing or the number of glial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010171 abnormal centroacinar cell of Langerhans morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009145 abnormal pancreatic acinus morphology any structural anomaly of the cubodial epithelial cell that is continuous with the lining of intercalated ducts that drain the pancreatic acinus; this cell type secretes a high pH solution to aid in activation of zymogens, and can differentiate into endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cell types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010172 abnormal mammary gland epithelium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001881 abnormal mammary gland physiology any functional anomaly of the mammary gland epithelium which is normally enveloped by a basement membrane, embedded into fatty connective tissue stroma, and organized as a bilayer, with an inner luminal layer of secretory epithelial cells, and an outer basal layer; each cell layer expresses specific molecular markers; luminal epithelial cells are characterized by the expression of the receptors for systemic hormones, i.e. estrogens, progesterone and prolactin, whereas basal cells (aka myoepithelial cells) express smooth muscle contractile proteins; in functionally differentiated mammary gland, during lactation, luminal cells produce milk, whereas myoepithelial cells are contractile and serve for milk expulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010173 increased mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010172 abnormal mammary gland epithelium physiology increase in the expansion rate of the cells of the mammary gland epithelium by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010174 decreased mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010172 abnormal mammary gland epithelium physiology decrease in the expansion rate of the cells of the mammary gland epithelium by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010175 leptocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology the presence of unusually thin or flattened red blood cells that when stained show a dark center and a peripheral ring of hemoglobin, separated by a pale unstained ring containing less hemoglobin, resulting in a bull's-eye appearance and resembling a 3D sombrero when viewed under EM; seen in certain anemias, thalassemias, hemoglobinopathies, obstructive jaundice, and the post-splenectomy state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010176 dacryocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology presence of teardrop-shaped red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010177 acanthocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology presence of erythrocytes characterized by multiple spiny (thorn-like) cytoplasmic projections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010178 increased number of Howell-Jolly bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology abnormal presence of basophilic nuclear remnants of condensed DNA (1 to 2 um in diameter) in circulating erythrocytes, typically seen in severe hemolytic anemias or after splenectomy; these inclusions are normally removed by the spleen but will persist in individuals with functional hyposplenia or asplenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010179 rough coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002074 abnormal hair texture coat does not have the usual smooth appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010180 increased susceptibility to weight loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011118 abnormal susceptibility to weight loss greater decrease in body weight over time when compared to the average decrease in weight in response to dietary modification, fasting or caloric restriction, infection or xenobiotic treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010181 decreased susceptibility to weight loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011118 abnormal susceptibility to weight loss smaller decrease in body weight over time when compared to the average decrease in weight in response to dietary modification, fasting or caloric restriction, infection or xenobiotic treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010184 abnormal T follicular helper cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010183 abnormal CD4-positive helper T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cell located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that expresses high levels of BCL-6, ICOS and PD1 and stimulate follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010185 abnormal T follicular helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number anomaly in the number of the CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cells located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that expresses high levels of BCL-6, ICOS and PD1 and stimulate follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010186 increased T follicular helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013763 increased T-helper cell number greater number of the CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cells located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that expresses high levels of BCL-6, ICOS and PD1 and stimulate follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010187 decreased T follicular helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013764 decreased T-helper cell number reduced number of the CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cells located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that expresses high levels of BCL-6, ICOS and PD1 and stimulate follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010188 abnormal T follicular helper cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010184 abnormal T follicular helper cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cells located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that expresses high levels of BCL-6, ICOS and PD1 and stimulate follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010189 abnormal T follicular helper cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005463 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell physiology any functional anomaly of a CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cell located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that expresses high levels of BCL-6, ICOS and PD1 and stimulate follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010190 abnormal retina melanocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005103 abnormal retina pigmentation any structural anomaly of the cells that produce pigment in the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010191 abnormal choroid melanocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005100 abnormal choroid pigmentation any structural anomaly of the cells that produce pigment in the choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010192 abnormal retina melanin granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010190 abnormal retina melanocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the pigment particles in the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010193 abnormal choroid melanin granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010191 abnormal choroid melanocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the pigment particles in the choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010194 absent lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology absence of the network of vessels which carries lymph around the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010195 abnormal lymphatic vessel endothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the thin layer of flat cells that line the lymphatic vessels and form a barrier between circulating lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010196 abnormal lymphatic vessel smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue that encompasses the lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010197 abnormal lymphatic vessel endothelial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010195 abnormal lymphatic vessel endothelium morphology any structural anomaly of the cells that line the lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010198 decreased lymphatic vessel endothelial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010197 abnormal lymphatic vessel endothelial cell morphology reduced number of the cells that line the lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010199 absent lymphatic vessel endothelial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010198 decreased lymphatic vessel endothelial cell number absence of the cells that line the lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010202 focal dorsal hair loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000418 focal hair loss focal hair loss on the dorsal area of a rodent resulting in dorsal skin visible in a patch where hair loss occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010203 focal ventral hair loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000418 focal hair loss focal hair loss on the ventral area of a rodent resulting in ventral skin visible in a patch where hair loss occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010204 abnormal astrocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010170 abnormal glial cell apoptosis change in the timing or the number of astrocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010205 abnormal oligodendrocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010170 abnormal glial cell apoptosis change in the timing or the number of oligodendrocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010206 pigment incontinence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation absence of melanin and melanosomes in the epidermis, and accumulation of melanin and melanosome in melanophages in the upper dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010208 prognathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology abnormal protrusion of the mandible relative to the facial skeleton and soft tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010209 abnormal circulating chemokine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010210 abnormal circulating cytokine level deviation from the normal levels of any of the class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that attract and activate leukocytes in the circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010210 abnormal circulating cytokine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level deviation from the normal levels in the blood of any of the non-antibody proteins made by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells that affect the behavior of other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010211 abnormal acute phase protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level deviation from the normal levels of the series of proteins found in the blood shortly after infection and which participate in the early phases of host defense against infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010212 abnormal circulating C-reactive protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010211 abnormal acute phase protein level deviation from the normal levels of the plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation or after tissue damage and binds to phosphocholine expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells, including all types of pneumococci, in order to activate the complement system via the C1Q complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010213 abnormal circulating fibrinogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010211 abnormal acute phase protein level deviation from the normal levels in the blood of a globulin that is converted into fibrin by the action of thrombin in the presence of ionized calcium to produce coagulation of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010214 abnormal circulating serum amyloid protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010211 abnormal acute phase protein level deviation from the normal blood levels of an acute-phase reaction protein that is a precursor to amyloid A protein; it is present in very high levels during acute inflammatory episodes, and is present in low concentrations in normal sera, but is found at higher concentrations in sera of older persons and in patients with amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010215 abnormal circulating complement protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011566 abnormal complement protein level deviation from the normal levels of the serum proteins that act sequentially to allow for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010216 abnormal circulating retinol binding protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level anomaly in the blood level of carrier proteins that bind retinol; serum levels are used to detect liver disease, protein-calorie malnutrition and vitamin A deficiencies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010217 abnormal T-helper 17 cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010183 abnormal CD4-positive helper T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010218 abnormal T-helper 17 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number deviation from the normal count of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010219 increased T-helper 17 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013763 increased T-helper cell number increased number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010220 decreased T-helper 17 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013764 decreased T-helper cell number reduced number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010221 abnormal T-helper 17 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010217 abnormal T-helper 17 cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010222 abnormal T-helper 17 cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005463 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell physiology any functional anomaly of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010223 abnormal immunoglobulin transcytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology any anomaly in the process of transporting immunoglobulin, via transcytosis, from one side of a cell to the other; occurs in epithelial cells and other cell types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010224 abnormal heart ventricle outflow tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the superior portion of the ventricles of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010225 abnormal quadriceps morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021206 abnormal limb muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the group of four muscles (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis) which extend down the front of the thigh and are the major extensors of the knee joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010226 increased quadriceps weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020164 abnormal quadriceps weight increase in the weight of the group of four muscles (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis) which extend down the front of the thigh and are the major extensors of the knee joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010227 decreased quadriceps weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020164 abnormal quadriceps weight reduction in the weight of the group of four muscles (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis) which extend down the front of the thigh and are the major extensors of the knee joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010228 decreased transitional stage T3 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009921 abnormal transitional stage T3 B cell morphology reduced number of a type of a transitional stage B cell that expresses surface IgM and IgD, and CD62L; it is an anergic B cell that does not proliferate upon BCR signaling, is found in the spleen and lymph nodes, and has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-positive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, and CD62L-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010229 increased transitional stage T3 B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009921 abnormal transitional stage T3 B cell morphology greater number of a type of a transitional stage B cell that expresses surface IgM and IgD, and CD62L; it is an anergic B cell that does not proliferate upon BCR signaling, is found in the spleen and lymph nodes, and has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-positive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, and CD62L-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010230 absent transitional stage T3 B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010228 decreased transitional stage T3 B cell number absence of a type of a transitional stage B cell that expresses surface IgM and IgD, and CD62L; it is an anergic B cell that does not proliferate upon BCR signaling, is found in the spleen and lymph nodes, and has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-positive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, and CD62L-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010231 transverse fur striping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009659 striated fur presence of stripes of pigmented hair, usually black, of variable degree and location in the coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010232 delayed skin pigmentation appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation lag in the time that normal coloration of the skin color occurs in relation to control animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010233 hairless tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology the tail is devoid of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010234 abnormal vibrissa follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology any structural anomaly of one of the tubular invaginations of the epidermis enclosing the hair roots and from which grow the vibrissae located on the muzzle and face of many species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010235 abnormal retina inner limiting membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any structural anomaly of the row of fused Muller cell processes and astrocytes that separates the retinal nerve fiber layer from the vitreous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010236 abnormal retina outer limiting membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology any structural anomaly of the row of junctional complexes between the plasma membranes of rod segments and the Muller glia cells; this barrier separates the layer of inner and outer segments of the rods and cones from the outer nuclear layer and forms a blood-retina barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010237 abnormal skeletal muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009458 abnormal skeletal muscle size any anomaly in the average skeletal muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010238 increased skeletal muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010237 abnormal skeletal muscle weight greater than average skeletal muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010239 decreased skeletal muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010240 decreased skeletal muscle size less than average skeletal muscle weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010240 decreased skeletal muscle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004819 decreased skeletal muscle mass less than average dimensions of one or more of the muscles of the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010241 abnormal aortic arch development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology anomaly in the process of forming the convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; including formation of the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010242 abnormal kidney copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003952 abnormal copper level an anomaly in the amount of copper present in kidney tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010243 increased kidney copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010242 abnormal kidney copper level a greater accumulation of copper in the kidney tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010244 decreased kidney copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010242 abnormal kidney copper level a reduced amount of copper in the kidney tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010245 abnormal spleen perifollicular zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology any structural anomaly of the compartment located between the marginal zone and the red pulp harboring scattered B and T lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010246 abnormal intestine copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003952 abnormal copper level an anomaly in the amount of copper present in the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010247 increased intestine copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010246 abnormal intestine copper level a greater accumulation of copper in intestinal tissue compared with controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010248 decreased intestine copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010246 abnormal intestine copper level a reduced amount of copper in the intestinal tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010249 lactation failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001882 abnormal lactation mammary glands do not secrete milk after parturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010250 absent thymus cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002371 abnormal thymus cortex morphology lacking the outer part of the thymus lobule which surrounds the medulla and is normally composed of closely packed lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010251 subcapsular cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract a lens opacity localized beneath the anterior or posterior lens capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010252 anterior subcapsular cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010251 subcapsular cataract a lens opacity localized beneath the anterior lens capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010253 posterior subcapsular cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010251 subcapsular cataract a lens opacity localized beneath the posterior lens capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010254 nuclear cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract a lens opacity located in the dense, central part of the lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010255 cortical cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract a lens opacity, frequently punctate, affecting the lens cortex in which spokes or wedges progressively extend from the outside of the lens towards the center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010256 anterior cortical cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010255 cortical cataract a lens opacity, frequently punctate, affecting the anterior pole of the lens cortex in which spokes or wedges progressively extend from the outside of the lens towards the center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010257 posterior cortical cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010255 cortical cataract a lens opacity, frequently punctate, affecting the posterior pole of the lens cortex in which spokes or wedges progressively extend from the outside of the lens towards the center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010258 polar cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract a lens opacity, usually disk-shaped, that is limited to an area in the anterior or posterior pole of the lens capsular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010259 anterior polar cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010258 polar cataract a lens opacity, usually disk-shaped, that is limited to an area in the anterior pole of the lens capsular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010260 posterior polar cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010258 polar cataract a lens opacity, usually disk-shaped, that is limited to an area in the posterior pole of the lens capsular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010261 sutural cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031345 developmental cataract a lens opacity which follows the shape of anterior or posterior Y suture of the fetal lens and is not progressive; often more severe in males and is congenital, but usually does not affect vision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010262 lamellar cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract a concentric lens opacity which is limited to layers of the cortex, affecting one lamella or zonule of an otherwise clear lens; usually congenital http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010263 total cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract a lens opacity which involves both nuclear and cortical regions, including all fibers of a lens; usually congenital http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010264 increased hepatoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008019 increased liver tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant tumors composed of neoplastic liver cells in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010265 decreased hepatoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010266 decreased liver tumor incidence less than the expected number of malignant tumors composed of neoplastic liver cells in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010266 decreased liver tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012421 decreased hepatobiliary system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the liver, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010267 decreased lung tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the lung, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010268 decreased lymphoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010283 decreased classified tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms characterized by a proliferation of malignant lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010269 decreased mammary gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012422 decreased integument system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms in the mammary gland, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010270 decreased stomach tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012424 decreased alimentary system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms in the gastric tissue usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010271 decreased tongue tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012424 decreased alimentary system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms in the tongue tissue, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010272 increased tongue tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003750 increased mouth tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the tongue tissue, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013152 abnormal organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in a specific body region or organ in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010275 increased melanoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002018 increased malignant tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant neoplasms, derived from melanocytes and occurring in pigmented tissues, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010276 increased intraocular melanoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010302 increased uvea tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a dark-pigmented, usually malignant tumor arising from a melanocyte in the uvea of the eye, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010277 increased astrocytoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010278 increased glioma incidence greater than the expected number of tumors that arise from astrocytes, large neuroglia cells of nervous tissue, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010278 increased glioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors that arise from glial cells, non-neuronal cells of the nervous tissue, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013152 abnormal organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in a specific body region or organ in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010283 decreased classified tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020188 abnormal classified tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors with a specific classification type in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010284 decreased plasmacytoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010268 decreased lymphoma incidence less han the expected number of neoplastic plasma cells in bone or in one of the extramedullary sites occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010285 decreased skin tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012422 decreased integument system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms in the skin tissue usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010286 increased plasmacytoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplastic plasma cells in bone or in one of the extramedullary sites occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010289 increased urinary system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the urinary system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010293 increased integument system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the integument system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010295 increased eye tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the eye in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010297 increased hepatobiliary system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the hepatobiliary system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010298 increased respiratory system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the respiratory system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010301 increased stomach tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010279 increased gastrointestinal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the gastric tissue usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010302 increased uvea tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010295 increased eye tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the uvea, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010303 increased retina tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010295 increased eye tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the retina, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010304 increased choroid tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010302 increased uvea tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the choroid of the eye, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010305 increased iris tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010302 increased uvea tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms in the iris of the eye, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010307 abnormal tumor latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002166 abnormal tumor susceptibility anomaly in the expected time of onset of tumor occurrence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010308 decreased tumor latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010307 abnormal tumor latency earlier onset of tumor occurrence than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010309 increased mesothelioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms derived from the lining cells of the pleura and peritoneum, in a specific population in a given time period; is composed of spindle cells or fibrous tissue which may enclose glandlike spaces lined by cuboidal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010310 increased Schwannoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign, encapsulated nerve sheath tumors composed of Schwann cells, in a specific population in a given time period; usually associated with a peripheral or cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010311 increased meningioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of encapsulated neoplasms derived from the meninges, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010312 increased oligodendroglioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010278 increased glioma incidence greater than the expected number of encapsulated neoplasms derived from oligodendrocytes, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010313 increased osteoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010280 increased skeletal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign neoplasms derived from lamellar bone, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010314 increased neurofibroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign, encapsulated nerve sheath tumors composed of Schwann cells, in a specific population in a given time period; proliferation is disordered and includes portions of nerve fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010315 increased cholangiocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010297 increased hepatobiliary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant adenocarcimomas arising in the intrahepatic bile duct epithelium, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010317 increased parotid gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010318 increased salivary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the parotid gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010319 increased submandibular gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010318 increased salivary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the submandibular gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010322 increased cutaneous melanoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010275 increased melanoma incidence greater than the expected number of a dark-pigmented, usually malignant tumor arising from a melanocyte in the skin, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010323 retropulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001392 abnormal locomotor behavior a tendency to step or walk backwards http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010325 abnormal malleus head morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000029 abnormal malleus morphology any structural anomaly of the rounded portion of the malleus articulating with the body of the incus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010326 malleus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030124 middle ear ossicle hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the malleus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010327 abnormal malleus neck morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000029 abnormal malleus morphology any structural anomaly of the narrow contracted section of the malleus located between the head and the manubrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010328 thin malleus neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010327 abnormal malleus neck morphology smaller diameter of the narrow contracted section of the malleus located between the head and the manubrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010329 abnormal lipoprotein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the concentrations of any complex or compound containing both lipid and protein, are important components of biological membranes and myelin, and participate in lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010331 abnormal apolipoprotein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level anomaly in the amount of the a protein that is frequently a component of a lipoprotein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010332 abnormal circulating apolipoprotein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010331 abnormal apolipoprotein level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a protein that is frequently a component of a lipoprotein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010333 abnormal circulating apolipoprotein E level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010332 abnormal circulating apolipoprotein level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a protein that is frequently a component of a VLDL, HDL, and chylomicron complexes, and functions in cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010335 fused first pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006337 abnormal first pharyngeal arch morphology the first arch fails to fully divide along the midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010336 increased acute lymphoblastic leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002026 increased leukemia incidence leukemia with an acute onset, characterized by the presence of lymphoblasts in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010337 increased chronic lymphocytic leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002026 increased leukemia incidence an indolent (slow-growing) cancer in which too many immature lymphocytes (white blood cells) are found mostly in the blood and bone marrow.; in later stages of the disease, cancer cells are sometimes found in the lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010338 increased desmoid tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003580 increased fibroma incidence greater than the expected number of a monoclonal, fibroblastic proliferation arising in musculoaponeurotic structures in a specific population in a given time period; this connective tissue hyperplasia infiltrates locally, recurs frequently after resection but does not metastasize; this tumor may occur at the site of any fascia, but in particular in muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010339 increased cardiac fibroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010291 increased cardiovascular system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue in the cardiac tissue, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010340 increased lung fibroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008014 increased lung tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue in the lung, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010341 increased mammary gland fibroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010299 increased mammary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue in the mammary gland, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010342 increased facial angiofibroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008018 increased facial tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue on the face, in a specific population in a given time period; appear as red or yellow papules containing dilated vascular channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010343 increased lipoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign neoplasia derived from lipoblasts or lipocytes of white or brown fat, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010344 increased hibernoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010343 increased lipoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign neoplasm derived from brown fat occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010345 increased thyroid C-cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010346 increased thyroid carcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm derived from the calcitonin producing C-cells of the thyroid gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010346 increased thyroid carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010316 increased thyroid tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant epithelial neoplasms of the thyroid gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010347 osseous metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003448 abnormal tumor morphology the formation of mature bone elements in the stroma of a neoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010348 increased pancreatic islet cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009153 increased pancreas tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant neoplasms arising in the pancreatic islet cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010349 increased teratocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002627 increased teratoma incidence greater than the expected number of a mixed germ cell neoplasm contaning elements of embryonal carcinoma and teratoma, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010351 increased pituitary melanotroph tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010320 increased pituitary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms derived from the cells of intermediate pituitary that produce melanocyte stimulating hormone and other peptides from the post-translational processing of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010353 increased odontoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a hamartomatous odontogenic tumor composed of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue that may or may not be arranged in the form of a tooth, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010354 increased odontosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010353 increased odontoma incidence greater than the expected number of an a gnathic malignant connective tissue tumor in which the epithelial component is benign and the proliferative mesenchymal component is malignant, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010355 abnormal first pharyngeal arch artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006337 abnormal first pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010356 abnormal second pharyngeal arch artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006338 abnormal second pharyngeal arch morphology any structural anomaly of the vessels formed within the second pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010357 increased prostate gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the prostate gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010359 increased liver free fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010358 abnormal free fatty acids level elevated liver concentrations of the fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacyglycerols are taken into tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010360 decreased liver free fatty acids level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010358 abnormal free fatty acids level reduced liver concentration of the fatty acids which occur in plasma as a result of lipolysis in adipose tissue or when plasma triacyglycerols are taken into tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010361 increased gangliosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from mature ganglionic neurons, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010362 increased ganglioneuroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign neoplasm composed of mature ganglionic neurons in a given population in a given time period; cells may be scattered singly or in clumps within a relatively abundant and dense stroma of neurofibrils and collagenous fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010364 increased fibroadenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010299 increased mammary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign mammary gland tumor composed of both fibrous tissue and glandular tissue, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010366 increased adrenal cortical tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002031 increased adrenal gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the adrenal cortex occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010367 increased spindle cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002038 increased carcinoma incidence greater than the expected number of a highly malignant variant of squamous cell carcinoma, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; spindle cell carcinoma shows biphasic proliferation of conventional SCC component and malignant spindle shape cells with sarcomatous appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010369 abnormal thalamus neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the impulse-conducting cells in the thalamus or its parts, a midline paired symmetrical structure between the cerebral cortex and midbrain within the brain that controls the flow of information to the cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010370 abnormal throat morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000462 abnormal digestive system morphology any structural anomaly in the anterior part of the neck, in front of the vertebral column comprising the pharynx and larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010371 abnormal epiglottis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010370 abnormal throat morphology any structural anomaly of the most superior of the laryngeal cartilages, which is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing, preventing inhalation of food or drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010372 throat cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled, usually benign, growths in the passage from the mouth to the pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010373 myeloid hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013663 increased myeloid cell number greater than normal number of nucleated cells of the myeloid lineage (a monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell), found in blood or other tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010374 bilirubinate stones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002830 gallstones caliculi in the gallbladder or a bile duct that is composed of calcium bilirubinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010375 increased kidney iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008742 abnormal kidney iron level increase in the amount of iron present in the renal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010376 decreased kidney iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008742 abnormal kidney iron level reduction in the amount of iron present in the renal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010377 abnormal gut flora balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology anomaly in the ratio of microorganisms that live in the digestive tracts of animals, many of which perform symbiotic functions to the host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010378 increased respiratory quotient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004129 abnormal respiratory quotient increase in the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide released to oxygen consumed by a body tissue or an organism compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010379 decreased respiratory quotient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004129 abnormal respiratory quotient reduction in the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide released to oxygen consumed by a body tissue or an organism compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010380 abnormal inner cell mass apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013503 abnormal embryonic tissue cell apoptosis the cells of the blastocyst that develop into the body of the embryo are undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010381 abnormal dosage compensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012167 abnormal epigenetic regulation of gene expression anomaly in the process of compensating for the two-fold variation in X:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by a global activation or inactivation of all, or most of, genes on one or both of the X chromosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010382 abnormal dosage compensation, by inactivation of X chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010381 abnormal dosage compensation anomaly in the process of compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on one of the X-chromosomes in the XX sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010384 increased renal carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010294 increased kidney tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant neoplasms arising from kidney epithelial tissue, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010385 abnormal glycinergic neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of the neurons that utilize glycine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010388 abnormal Bergmann glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010387 abnormal Bergmann glial cell morphology abnormal formation of the astrocyte-type glia cells associated with Purkinje cells in the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010389 mosaic coat color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005366 variegated coat color a random coat color pattern due to genetically different populations of cells in the skin e.g. as the result of X-inactivation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010390 increased adrenocortical adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010366 increased adrenal cortical tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the adrenal cortex, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010391 increased rhabdomyoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010290 increased muscle tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign neoplasm derived from striated muscle and comprised of an encapsulated mass of polygonal cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010392 prolonged QRS complex duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010636 bundle branch block increase in the length of time of the largest-amplitude portion of the ECG, caused by currents generated when the ventricles depolarize prior to their contraction; prolongation of the QRS complex duration reflects slowed conduction in the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010393 shortened QRS complex duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003898 abnormal QRS complex decrease in the length of time of the largest-amplitude portion of the ECG, caused by currents generated when the ventricles depolarize prior to their contraction; prolongation of the QRS complex duration reflects slowed conduction in the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010394 decreased QRS amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003898 abnormal QRS complex reduction in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the largest-amplitude portion of the ECG, caused by currents generated when the ventricles depolarize prior to their contraction, suggesting ventricular excitation defects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010395 abnormal pharyngeal arch development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001672 abnormal embryo development abnormal formation of the of the transient structures of the embryo that develop into regions of the head, neck and ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010396 ectopic pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology abnormal location of any of the transient structures of the embryo resulting in misplaced regions of the head, neck and/or ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010397 abnormal otic capsule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006030 abnormal otic vesicle development any anomaly in the embryonic cartilage covering that surrounds the inner ear mechanism and develops into bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010398 decreased liver glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012777 abnormal liver glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010399 decreased skeletal muscle glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014069 abnormal skeletal muscle glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010400 increased liver glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012777 abnormal liver glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010401 increased skeletal muscle glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014069 abnormal skeletal muscle glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010402 ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000281 abnormal interventricular septum morphology abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart, including such defects in the perimembranous, inlet, outlet (infundibular), central muscular, marginal muscular, or apical muscular regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010403 atrial septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000282 abnormal interatrial septum morphology abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the heart, including such defects in any or all of the ostium primum, ostium secundum, sinus venosus, and coronary sinus regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010404 ostium primum atrial septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010403 atrial septal defect interatrial communication (atrial septal defect) through the most anterior and inferior aspect of the atrial septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010405 ostium secundum atrial septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010403 atrial septal defect large interatrial communication (atrial septal defect) through the center of the wall between the atria at the site of the foramen ovale and the ostium secundum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010406 common atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010403 atrial septal defect absence of the thin membranous structure between the two heart atria, resulting in the appearance of one upper chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010407 coronary sinus atrial septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010403 atrial septal defect interatrial communication (atrial septal defect) through coronary sinus orifice, that is characterized by the absence of at least a portion of the common wall that separates the coronary sinus and the left atrium; interatrial shunting occurs through the defect in the wall on the left atrial side, which is continuous with the orifice of the coronary sinus opening on the right atrial side of the septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010408 sinus venosus atrial septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010403 atrial septal defect interatrial communication (atrial septal defect) through the upper atrial septum and that is contiguous with the superior vena cava (SVC); it is rostral and posterior to the fossa ovalis (where secundum type defects occur) and is separate from it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010409 cor triatriatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology a heart with 3 atria, is in which either the left or right atrium is divided into 2 parts by a fold of tissue, a membrane, or a fibromuscular band that may vary significantly in size and shape, appearing similar to a diaphragm or funnel-shaped, bandlike, entirely intact (imperforate) or contain 1 or more openings (fenestrations) ranging from small, restrictive-type to large and widely open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010410 cor triatriatum sinistrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010409 cor triatriatum a heart with 3 atria, is in which the left atrium is divided into 2 parts by a fold of tissue, a membrane, or a fibromuscular band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010411 cor triatriatum dextrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010409 cor triatriatum a heart with 3 atria, is in which the right atrium is divided into 2 parts by a fold of tissue, a membrane, or a fibromuscular band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010412 atrioventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010592 abnormal atrioventricular septum morphology defects in the thin membranous structure between the right atrium and left ventricle that arise from faulty development of the embryonic endocardial cushions; the spectrum ranges from a primum atrial septal defect and cleft mitral valve, known as a partial atrioventricular septal defect (partial AVSD), to defects of both the primum atrial septum and inlet ventricular septum and the presence of a common atrioventricular valve, referred to as complete atrioventricular septal defect (complete AVSD) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010413 complete atrioventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010412 atrioventricular septal defect a type of atrioventricular septal defect in which a single atrioventricular valve annulus, a common atrioventricular valve, and a defect of the inlet ventricular septum are observed; deficiency of the atrioventricular septum also results in the presence of a large primum atrial septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010414 partial atrioventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010412 atrioventricular septal defect a type of atrioventricular septal defect in which the endocardial cushion defects present have an interatrial communication but lack an interventricular communication; the mitral and tricuspid annuli are separate but one or more additional features are present, including primum atrial septal defect (ASD), inlet ventricular septal defect (VSD), cleft of the anterior mitral valve leaflet, and wide anteroseptal tricuspid valve commissure or cleft septal tricuspid leaflet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010415 intermediate atrioventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010412 atrioventricular septal defect a type of atrioventricular septal defect in which a partial AVSD is present together with a small interventricular communication; a single valvar annulus is usually present where the anterior and posterior bridging leaflets fuse overlying the ventricular septum, with two distinct valvar components observed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010416 interventricular septum membranous part aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010421 ventricular aneurysm a a saclike thinning, stretching and widening of the ventricular membranous septum resulting from weakening of the membraneous septum wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010417 subarterial ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010402 ventricular septal defect abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart, located beneath the pulmonic valve, communicating with the RV outflow tract above the supraventricular crest, and are associated with aortic regurgitation secondary to the prolapse of the right aortic cusp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010418 perimembraneous ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010402 ventricular septal defect abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart, occurring in the membranous septum with defects in the adjacent muscular portion of the septum; it is generally located in the LV outflow tract just below the aortic valve, associated with pouches or aneurysms of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve, which may partially or completely close the defect; an LV-to-RA shunt may also be associated with this defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010419 inlet ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010402 ventricular septal defect abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart, located posterior to the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve and which are not associated with defects of the atrioventricular valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010420 muscular ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010498 abnormal interventricular septum muscular part morphology abnormal communications between the two lower chambers of the heart, involving the muscular septum and often occurring as multiple communications, and includes central muscular or midmuscular, apical, or marginal communications when the defect is along the RV-septal junction; any single defect observed from the LV aspect may have several openings on the RV aspect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010421 ventricular aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology thinning, stretching and bulging of a weakened ventricular wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010422 heart right ventricle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003649 decreased heart right ventricle size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart right ventricle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010423 heart right ventricle aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010421 ventricular aneurysm thinning, stretching and bulging of a weakened heart right ventricular wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010424 double chambered heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003920 abnormal heart right ventricle morphology septated right ventricle caused by the presence of abnormally located or hypertrophied cardiac muscle bands that divide the ventricular cavity into a proximal and a distal chamber; the muscle bundles typically run between an area located in the ventricular septum, beneath the level of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve, and the anterior wall of the right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010425 abnormal heart and great vessel attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any anomaly in the in the position or pattern of the connection site of the heart to any of the primary vessels, including the superior vena cavae, inferior vena cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins, and aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010427 double outlet left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010426 abnormal heart and great artery attachment both the aorta and the pulmonary trunk originate from the left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010430 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, supracardiac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010441 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection the pulmonary veins drain via a common vein into the right superior vena cava, left superior vena cava, or their tributaries instead of the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010431 atrial situs inversus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014319 abnormal heart atrium arrangement anomaly in the asymmetry of the cardiac atria such that atria on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the opposite side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010432 common ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000281 abnormal interventricular septum morphology the presence of only one working lower chamber in the heart, usually with a virtual absence of the ventricular septum and usually present in conjunction with double inlet left or right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010433 double inlet heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010435 abnormal heart atrium and ventricle connection congenital heart defect in which both atriums are connected to the left ventricle, with a hypoplastic right ventricle often present, which may be on the opposite side of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010434 double inlet heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010435 abnormal heart atrium and ventricle connection congenital heart defect in which both atriums are connected to the right ventricle, with a hypoplastic left ventricle often present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010436 abnormal coronary sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010551 abnormal coronary vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the short trunk that recieves most of the cardiac veins carrying the blood from the myocardium and delivers it to the right atrium, with the sinoatrial connection occurring between the inferior vena cava and the atrioventricular orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010437 absent coronary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010436 abnormal coronary sinus morphology absence of the short trunk that recieves most of the cardiac veins carrying the blood from the myocardium and delivers it to the right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010438 pulmonary vein stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031477 vein stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the lumen of the pulmonary vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010439 abnormal hepatic vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the veins that drain blood from the liver and terminate in three large openings to the inferior vena cava below the diaphragm and into smaller openings in more inferior positions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010440 anomalous pulmonary venous connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010425 abnormal heart and great vessel attachment abnormal development and attachment of the four pulmonary veins that normally attach to the left atrium of the heart, resulting in either partial or complete anomalous drainage back into the systemic venous circulation via an anomalous connection to the right atrium, the superior or inferior vena cava, the innominate vein, the coronary sinus or the left subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010441 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010440 anomalous pulmonary venous connection abnormal development and attachment of all four pulmonary veins that normally attach to the left atrium of the heart, resulting in complete anomalous drainage back into the systemic venous circulation via an anomalous connection to the right atrium, the superior or inferior vena cava, the innominate vein, the coronary sinus or the left subclavian artery; in TAPVC, none of the four pulmonary veins are attached to the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010442 partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010440 anomalous pulmonary venous connection abnormal development and attachment of one to three of the four pulmonary veins that normally attach to the left atrium of the heart, resulting in partial drainage back into the systemic venous circulation via an anomalous connection to the right atrium, the superior or inferior vena cava, the innominate vein, the coronary sinus or the left subclavian artery; in PAPVC, at least one pulmonary vein remains attached to the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010443 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, intracardiac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010441 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection the pulmonary veins connect directly to the right side of heart (eg, coronary sinus or directly to the right atrium) instead of the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010444 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, infracardiac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010441 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection the common pulmonary vein travels down anterior to the esophagus through the diaphragm to connect to the portal venous system instead of the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010445 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, mixed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010441 total anomalous pulmonary venous connection the right and left pulmonary veins drain to different sites other than the left atrium; for example, the left pulmonary veins into the left vertical vein to the left innominate, and/or the right pulmonary veins directly into the right atrium or coronary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010446 heart left ventricle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010580 decreased heart left ventricle size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart left ventricle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010447 heart left ventricle aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031533 abnormal heart left ventricle wall morphology thinning, stretching and bulging of a weakened heart left ventricular wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010448 heart left ventricle outflow tract stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010429 abnormal heart left ventricle outflow tract morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the portion of the left ventricle through which blood normally flows into the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010449 heart right ventricle outflow tract stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010428 abnormal heart right ventricle outflow tract morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of part of the anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminating in the pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010450 atrial septal aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm a saclike thinning, stretching and widening of the heart atrial septum resulting from weakening of the septum wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010451 kidney microaneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm focal dilation of arteriocapillary junctions in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010452 retina microaneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm focal dilation of arteriocapillary junctions in the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010453 abnormal coronary vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010551 abnormal coronary vessel morphology any structural anomaly of any of the veins that return blood from the heart muscles to the right atrium through the coronary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010455 aortopulmonary window http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010651 aorticopulmonary septal defect a defect between the great vessels that results from failure of the conotruncal ridges to fuse resulting in an abnormal communication between the aorta and the pulmonary arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010456 hemitruncus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000484 abnormal pulmonary artery morphology congenital heart defect in which the origin of a pulmonary artery, usually the right, arises from the ascending aorta instead of the pulmonary trunk with the aortic and pulmonary valves remaining separate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010457 pulmonary artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006135 artery stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010458 pulmonary trunk hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000486 abnormal pulmonary trunk morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pulmonary trunk, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010459 supravalvar pulmonary trunk stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006135 artery stenosis diffuse constriction or narrowing of the pulmonary trunk distal to the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010460 pulmonary artery hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000484 abnormal pulmonary artery morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pulmonary artery, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010461 discontinuous pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000484 abnormal pulmonary artery morphology one or more pulmonary arteries is disconnected from the main pulmonary trunk and arises from a patent ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010462 pulmonary artery aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of a pulmonary artery resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010463 aorta stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006135 artery stenosis diffuse constriction or narrowing of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010464 abnormal aortic arch and aortic arch branch attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology any anomaly of the connection site of the aortic branches to the aortic arch, including the attachment sites for the left common carotid artery, the left subclavian artery, and the brachiocephalic trunk which further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010467 pulmonary artery sling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010466 vascular ring anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery from the posterior aspect of the right pulmonary artery, with the anomalous left pulmonary artery coursing over the right mainstem bronchus and then from right to left, posterior to the trachea or carina and anterior to the esophagus, to reach the hilum of the left lung, which compresses the lower trachea and right mainstem bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010469 ascending aorta hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009867 abnormal ascending aorta morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ascending aorta, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010470 dilated ascending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009867 abnormal ascending aorta morphology the luminal space of the ascending aorta is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010471 supravalvar aortic stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011572 abnormal aorta bulb morphology a narrowing, diffuse constriction or obstruction of the ascending aorta located just distal to the aortic valve at the aortic root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010472 abnormal ascending aorta and coronary artery attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009867 abnormal ascending aorta morphology any anomaly of the connection site of any or all of the coronary arteries to the ascending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010473 descending aorta dilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009869 abnormal descending aorta morphology widening or enlargment of the lumen of the descending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010474 descending aorta hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009869 abnormal descending aorta morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the descending aorta, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010475 anomalous pulmonary origin of left coronary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010472 abnormal ascending aorta and coronary artery attachment the left coronary artery arises from the pulmonary artery insead of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010476 coronary fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004111 abnormal coronary artery morphology an abnormal communication between the terminus of a coronary artery, bypassing the myocardial capillary bed and entering either a chamber of the heart (coronary-cameral fistula) or any segment of the systemic or pulmonary circulation (coronary arteriovenous fistula) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010477 coronary artery aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004111 abnormal coronary artery morphology a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of a coronary artery resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010478 intracranial aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003279 aneurysm a protruding sac within the cranial space formed by the dilation of the wall of an artery or a vein resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010479 brain aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology a protruding sac within the brain formed by the dilation of the wall of an artery or a vein resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010480 pulmonary arteriovenous malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006093 arteriovenous malformation abnormal communications between the pulmonary arteries and the pulmonary veins, or between a bronchial artery and the pulmonary vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010481 heart left ventricle to aorta tunnel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009867 abnormal ascending aorta morphology an abnormal communication between the left ventricle and the ascending aorta in addition to the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010482 abnormal aortic sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011572 abnormal aorta bulb morphology any structural anomaly of the spaces betwen the superior aspect of each of the three cusps of the aortic valve and the dilated portion of the wall of the ascending aorta, immediately above each cusp; the three sinuses include the posterior (non-coronary sinus), and the right and left aortic sinuses (from which the left and right coronary arteries arise) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010483 aortic sinus aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010661 ascending aorta aneurysm a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the aortic sinus resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010484 bicuspid aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010595 abnormal aortic valve cusp morphology the presence of two cusps in the aortic valve instead of three http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010485 aortic arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the aortic arch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010486 absent right subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010487 abnormal right subclavian artery morphology absence of one of the two subclavian arteries; the right subclavian artery normally extends from the brachiocephalic artery to the right side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010487 abnormal right subclavian artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003395 abnormal subclavian artery morphology any structural anomaly of the artery that normally extends from the brachiocephalic artery to the right side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010488 abnormal left subclavian artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003395 abnormal subclavian artery morphology any structural anomaly of the artery that extends from the aortic arch to the left side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010490 abnormal inferior vena cava valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003922 abnormal heart right atrium morphology any structural anomaly of the semicircular fold of endocardium located on the right atrium at the point of attachment of the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010491 abnormal coronary sinus valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003922 abnormal heart right atrium morphology any structural anomaly of the semicircular fold of the right atrial endocardium located at the coronary sinus attachment to the right atrium that serves to prevent the reflux of blood back to the coronary arteries during atrial contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010492 abnormal atrium endocardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003974 abnormal endocardium morphology any structural anomaly of the thin serous membrane, primarily composed of endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010493 abnormal atrium myocardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology any structural anomaly of the atrial part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010494 abnormal ventricle endocardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the thin serous membrane, primarily composed of endothelial tissue, that lines the interior of the ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010495 abnormal crista terminalis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003922 abnormal heart right atrium morphology any structural anomaly of the vertical crest of the interior wall of the right atrium that lies to the right of the sinus of the vena cava and separates this from the remainder of the right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010496 abnormal pectinate muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010493 abnormal atrium myocardium morphology any structural anomaly of the prominent ridges of atrial myocardium located on the inner surface of most of the right atrium and both the right and left auricular regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010497 abnormal vena cava sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003922 abnormal heart right atrium morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the cavity of the right atrium of the heart that receives the blood from the vena cavae and is separated from the rest of the atrium by the crista terminalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010498 abnormal interventricular septum muscular part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000281 abnormal interventricular septum morphology any structural anomaly of the muscular portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010500 myocardium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart myocardium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010501 atrium myocardium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010500 myocardium hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the atrial myocardium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010504 abnormal RR interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature anomaly in the length of the interval between an R wave and the next R wave; the RR interval is the inverse of the heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010505 abnormal T wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature any anomaly in the T wave which is normally caused by the repolarization (or recovery) of the ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010506 prolonged RR interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010504 abnormal RR interval increase in the length of the interval between an R wave and the next R wave; the RR interval is the inverse of the heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010507 shortened RR interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010504 abnormal RR interval reduction in the length of the interval between an R wave and the next R wave; the RR interval is the inverse of the heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010509 decreased P wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004070 abnormal P wave reduction in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the P wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010510 absent P wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004070 abnormal P wave absence of the P wave which represents atrial depolarization and corresponds to electrical impulses rather than mechanical atria contractions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010511 shortened PR interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003901 abnormal PR interval decrease in the length of time between the beginning of atrial depolarization and the beginning of ventricular depolarization, measured by the interval from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010512 absent PR interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003901 abnormal PR interval absence of the ECG segment representing the length of time between the beginning of atrial depolarization and the beginning of ventricular depolarization, measured by the interval from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010513 abnormal ventricular activation time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003898 abnormal QRS complex any anomaly in the length of time from the beginning of the Q wave to the peak of the R wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010514 fragmented QRS complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003898 abnormal QRS complex changes in QRS waveform pattern including different RSR' patterns, additional R waves, notched or absent Q or S wave, or more than one R wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010515 abnormal Q wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003898 abnormal QRS complex any anomaly in the downward deflection in the ECG occurring after the PR interval that represents depolarization of the interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010516 absent Q wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010515 abnormal Q wave absence of the downward deflection in the ECG occurring after the PR interval that represents depolarization of the interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010517 abnormal Bachmann's bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004123 abnormal impulse conducting system morphology any structural anomaly of the impulse conduction tract that originates in the sinoatrial node and transmits signal to the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010521 absent pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000484 abnormal pulmonary artery morphology absence of the artery that arises from the right ventricle and conveys unaerated blood to the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010522 calcified aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006133 calcified artery pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010523 calcified thoracic aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010522 calcified aorta pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010524 calcified aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010523 calcified thoracic aorta pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010525 abdominal aorta coarctation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009870 abnormal abdominal aorta morphology a congenital focal constriction of the abdominal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010526 aortic arch coarctation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology a congenital focal constriction of the aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010527 bicuspid pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010602 abnormal pulmonary valve cusp morphology the presence of two cusps or leaflets in the pulmonary valve instead of three http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010528 pulmonary vein hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002726 abnormal pulmonary vein morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pulmonary vein, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010529 hepatic arteriovenous malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009820 abnormal liver vasculature morphology congenital vascular anomaly in the liver characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the capillary bed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010530 cerebral arteriovenous malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006093 arteriovenous malformation congenital vascular anomaly in the cerebrum characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the capillary bed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010531 gastrointestinal arteriovenous malformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006093 arteriovenous malformation congenital vascular anomaly in the gastrointestinal system characterized by direct communication between an artery and a vein without passing through the capillary bed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010532 absent atrioventricular node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004114 abnormal atrioventricular node morphology absence of the small nodular mass of specialized muscle fibers located in the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010533 atrioventricular node hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031531 decreased atrioventricular node size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the atrioventricular node, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010534 calcified myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010535 myocardium steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology an accumulation of fat deposits in the myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010536 Ebstein's malformation of tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology a congenital downward displacement of the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve into the inlet portion of the right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010537 tumor regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010639 abnormal tumor pathology a decrease in tumor size from a formerly larger state and/or a decrease in the extent of tumors in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010538 increased level of surface class II molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005042 abnormal level of surface class II molecules increase in the concentration of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules expressed at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010539 decreased level of surface class II molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005042 abnormal level of surface class II molecules reduction in the concentration of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules expressed at the cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010540 long stride length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012690 abnormal stride length increased average distance between steps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010541 aorta hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the aorta, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010542 right ventricular myocardium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010502 ventricle myocardium hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the right ventricular myocardium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010543 aorta tubular hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010541 aorta hypoplasia a diffuse narrowing of the lumen of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010546 abnormal subendocardium layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010545 abnormal heart layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of loose fibrous tissue located between the endocardium and myocardium which contains the nerves and the impulse-conducting system (Purkinje fibers) of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010547 abnormal mesocardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of the layer of splanchnic mesoderm supporting the embryonic heart in the pericardial cavity; mesocardium normally regresses before birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010548 abnormal dorsal mesocardium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010547 abnormal mesocardium morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the mesocardium that lies dorsal to the embryonic heart; the dorsal mesocardium gives rise to the transverse sinus of the pericardium in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010549 absent dorsal mesocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010548 abnormal dorsal mesocardium morphology absence of the part of the mesocardium that lies dorsal to the embryonic heart; the dorsal mesocardium gives rise to the transverse sinus of the pericardium in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010552 abnormal HV interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature any anomaly in the time from the initial deflection of the His bundle (H) potential and the onset of ventricular activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010553 prolonged HV interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010552 abnormal HV interval increase in the length of time from the initial deflection of the His bundle (H) potential and the onset of ventricular activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010554 shortened HV interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010552 abnormal HV interval decrease in the length of time from the initial deflection of the His bundle (H) potential and the onset of ventricular activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010555 absent epicardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003057 abnormal epicardium morphology absence of the visceral layer of the pericardium that surrounds and attaches to all the surfaces of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010556 thin ventricle myocardium compact layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010502 ventricle myocardium hypoplasia reduced thickness of the ventricular portion of the outer, dense layer of the myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010557 dilated pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004938 dilated vasculature the luminal space of the pulmonary artery is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010558 sinus venosus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003228 abnormal sinus venosus morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the sinus venosus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010559 heart block http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003137 abnormal impulse conducting system conduction a partial or complete obstruction of the propogation of electric impulses through the impulse conduction system of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010560 intraventricular block http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010559 heart block absent or delayed conduction within the ventricular conducting system or in the ventricular myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010561 absent coronary vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010551 abnormal coronary vessel morphology absence of the arteries and veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010562 absent sinus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003228 abnormal sinus venosus morphology absence of the cavity at the caudal end of the embryonic cardiac tube in which the veins from the intra- and extraembryonic circulatory arcs unite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010565 absent fetal ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010564 abnormal fetal ductus arteriosus morphology absence of the fetal vessel that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010566 abnormal left posterior bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004117 abnormal atrioventricular bundle morphology any structural anomaly of the left branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates at the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the left ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010567 abnormal right bundle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004117 abnormal atrioventricular bundle morphology any structural anomaly of the right branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates just below the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the right ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010568 abnormal bulbus cordis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000270 abnormal heart tube morphology any structural anomaly of a transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010569 papillary muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031540 increased papillary muscle size increased bulk size of any of the ventricular papillary muscles due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010570 prolonged ST segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003897 abnormal ST segment increase in the length of time between the end of S-wave and the beginning of T-wave; reflects the amount of time the ventricles remain electrically depolarized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010571 shortened ST segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003897 abnormal ST segment reduction in the length of time between the end of S-wave and the beginning of T-wave; reflects the amount of time the ventricles remain electrically depolarized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010572 persistent right dorsal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004787 abnormal dorsal aorta morphology persistence of the right dorsal aorta after development; the right dorsal aorta normally regresses but when it persists, a double aortic arch develops; if the left dorsal aorta also regresses, a right aortic arch forms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010573 left dorsal aorta regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004787 abnormal dorsal aorta morphology regression of the left dorsal aorta which normally develops into the aortic arch; together with a persistent right dorsal aorta, a right aortic arch forms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010574 dilated aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004938 dilated vasculature the luminal space of the aorta is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010575 aortic arch dilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology the luminal space of the aortic arch is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010576 premature closure of the ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010564 abnormal fetal ductus arteriosus morphology premature regression of the ductus arteriosus that normally regresses into a fibrous cord, the ligamentum arteriousum after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010578 abnormal heart left ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031543 abnormal heart ventricle size anomaly of the average size of the left ventricle compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010581 abnormal atrium myocardial trabeculae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010493 abnormal atrium myocardium morphology any structural anomaly of the supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010582 abnormal bulbus cordis septation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010568 abnormal bulbus cordis morphology anomaly in the process in which the distal swelling of the primitive heart tube separates into an inferior end, which will form much of the right ventricle, and a superior end, which first form an outflow channel called the conotruncus; the conotruncus will in turn give rise to the more proximal conus cordis and the more distal truncus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010583 abnormal conotruncus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000270 abnormal heart tube morphology any structural anomaly of the distal portion of the bulbus cordis that will give rise to the conus cordis, which will give rise to the outflow regions of the ventricles, and the truncus arteriosus which will be divided into proximal ends of the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010584 abnormal conotruncus septation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010583 abnormal conotruncus morphology anomaly in the process in which the conotruncus separates into the conus cordis, which will give rise to the outflow regions of the ventricles, and the truncus arteriosus which will be divided into proximal ends of the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010585 abnormal conotruncal ridge morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010583 abnormal conotruncus morphology any structural anomaly of the pair of spiral mesenchymal swellings in the primordial ventricular outflow tract, that eventually fuse to form the conotruncal septum, dividing the subvalvular outflow tract and contributing to the membranous interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010586 absent conotruncal ridges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010585 abnormal conotruncal ridge morphology absence of the pair of spiral mesenchymal swellings in the primordial ventricular outflow tract, that eventually fuse to form the conotruncal septum, dividing the subvalvular outflow tract and contributing to the membranous interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010587 conotruncal ridge hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010585 abnormal conotruncal ridge morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the conotruncal ridge, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010588 conotruncal ridge hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010585 abnormal conotruncal ridge morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the conotruncal ridge, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010589 common truncal valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010454 abnormal truncus arteriosus septation a single outflow tract valve that opens into the truncus arteriosus that is frequently present in cases of truncus arteriosus septation defects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010590 common truncal valve stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010589 common truncal valve abnormal constriction or narrowing of the single outflow tract valve that opens into the truncus arteriosus that is frequently present in cases of truncus arteriosus septation defects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010591 enlarged aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031580 enlarged semilunar valve an increase in the total area occupied by the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010592 abnormal atrioventricular septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006113 abnormal heart septum morphology any structural anomaly of the wall of the heart that separates the right atrium and left ventricle; and is located just above the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010593 thick aortic valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011648 thick heart valve cusps an increase in the ratio of the aortic valve cusp thickness to the aortic wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010594 thick aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031584 thick semilunar valve an increase in the ratio of the aortic valve wall thickness to the aortic wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010595 abnormal aortic valve cusp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology any structural anomaly of the three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010596 unicuspid aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010595 abnormal aortic valve cusp morphology the presence of one cusp and associated flap in the aortic valve instead of three http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010597 absent aortic valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010595 abnormal aortic valve cusp morphology absence of the three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010598 abnormal aortic valve annulus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous ring of the aortic valve that attaches the cusps of aortic valve to the wall of left ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the posterior, right anterior and left anterior cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010600 enlarged pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031580 enlarged semilunar valve an increase in the total area occupied by the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010601 thick pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031584 thick semilunar valve an increase in the ratio of the pulmonary valve wall thickness to the pulmonary artery wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010602 abnormal pulmonary valve cusp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology any structural anomaly of the three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010603 unicuspid pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010602 abnormal pulmonary valve cusp morphology the presence of one cusp and associated flap in the pulmonary valve instead of three http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010604 absent pulmonary valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010602 abnormal pulmonary valve cusp morphology absence of the three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010605 thick pulmonary valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011648 thick heart valve cusps an increase in the ratio of the pulmonary valve cusp thickness to the pulmonary artery wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010606 abnormal pulmonary valve annulus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous ring of the pulmonary valve that attaches the cusps of pulmonary valve to the wall of right ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010607 common atrioventricular valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology the presence of a single atrioventricular valve instead of both a mitral and tricuspid valve, most commonly due to incomplete or failure of fetal atrioventricular canal septation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010608 abnormal chordae tendineae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology any structural anomaly of the tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010609 absent chordae tendineae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010608 abnormal chordae tendineae morphology absence of the tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010610 patent aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology the aortic valve remains open during the cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010611 patent pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002748 abnormal pulmonary valve morphology the pulmonary valve remains open during the cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010612 muscular subaortic stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010448 heart left ventricle outflow tract stenosis abnormal narrowing, constriction or obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract due to hypertrophy of the interventricular septum, which results in obstruction to blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010613 abnormal mitral valve annulus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous ring of the mitral valve that attaches the cusps of mitral valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior and posterior cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010614 abnormal mitral valve cusp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology any structural anomaly of the two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010615 unicuspid mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010614 abnormal mitral valve cusp morphology the presence of one cusp and associated flap in the mitral valve instead of two http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010616 absent mitral valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010614 abnormal mitral valve cusp morphology absence of the two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010617 thick mitral valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011648 thick heart valve cusps an increase in the ratio of the mitral valve cusp wall thickness to the atrioventricular septum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010618 enlarged mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031570 enlarged atrioventricular valve an increase in the total area occupied by the mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010619 patent mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000286 abnormal mitral valve morphology the mitral valve remains open during the cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010620 thick mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031574 thick atrioventricular valve an increase in the ratio of the mitral valve wall thickness to the atrioventricular septum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010621 abnormal tricuspid valve annulus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve that attaches the cusps of tricuspid valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior cusp (infundibular cusp), the posterior cusp (marginal cusp), and the septal cusp (medial cusp) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010622 abnormal tricuspid valve cusp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology any structural anomaly of the three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010623 bicuspid tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010622 abnormal tricuspid valve cusp morphology the presence of two cusps and associated flaps in the tricuspid valve instead of three http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010624 unicuspid tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010622 abnormal tricuspid valve cusp morphology the presence of one cusp and associated flap in the tricuspid valve instead of three http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010625 absent tricuspid valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010622 abnormal tricuspid valve cusp morphology absence of the three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010626 thick tricuspid valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011648 thick heart valve cusps an increase in the ratio of the tricuspid valve cusp wall thickness to the atrioventricular septum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010627 enlarged tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031570 enlarged atrioventricular valve an increase in the total area occupied by the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010628 patent tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002624 abnormal tricuspid valve morphology the tricuspid valve remains open during the cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010629 thick tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031574 thick atrioventricular valve an increase in the ratio of the tricuspid valve wall thickness to the atrioventricular septum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010631 increased Q wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010515 abnormal Q wave increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the downward deflection in the ECG occurring after the PR interval that represents depolarization of the interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010632 cardiac muscle necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010630 abnormal cardiac muscle tissue morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of cardiomyocytes or a portion of the cardiac muscle tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010633 myocardium hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology an increase in size of the myocardium, not due to increased cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010634 increased QRS amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003898 abnormal QRS complex increased in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the largest-amplitude portion of the ECG, caused by currents generated when the ventricles depolarize prior to their contraction, suggesting ventricular excitation defects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010635 aorta pulmonary collateral arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004007 abnormal lung vasculature morphology small ectopic arteries or arterial branches that connect the aorta, aortic branches and/or subclavian artery regions directly to the lung parenchyma, usually seen in conjunction with pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect (VSD) and/or closed ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010636 bundle branch block http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010560 intraventricular block intraventricular block resulting from an interruption or partial or complete block of conduction in one of the two atrioventricular bundle branches; a prolonged QRS complex seen on an ECG indicates defects in bundle branch conduction; blocks in each branch result in a distinct QRS ECG waveform morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010637 sinus bradycardia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005333 decreased heart rate a type of decreased heart rhythm in which fewer than the normal number of impulses arise from the sinoatrial (SA) node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010638 absent intercalated disks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006267 abnormal intercalated disk morphology absence of the electron dense junctional complex, at the end to end contacts of cardiac muscle cells, that contains two types of membrane junctions i.e. gap junctions and desmosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010640 ventricular myocardium compact layer hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010502 ventricle myocardium hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ventricular myocardium compact layer, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010641 descending aorta stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010463 aorta stenosis diffuse constriction or narrowing of the descending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010642 absent third pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006339 abnormal third pharyngeal arch morphology absence of the structure of the third arch which contributes to the development of the hyoid bone, stylopharyngeus muscle, inferior parathyroid gland, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010643 absent fourth pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006340 abnormal fourth pharyngeal arch morphology absence of the structure of the fourth arch which contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010644 absent sixth pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006347 abnormal sixth pharyngeal arch morphology absence of the structure of the sixth arch which contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010645 failure of conotruncal ridge closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010585 abnormal conotruncal ridge morphology failure of the conotruncal ridges to develop from the conotruncus, meet at the midline and fuse to form the conotruncal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010646 absent pulmonary vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002726 abnormal pulmonary vein morphology absence of the veins that return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010647 heart left atrium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031578 decreased heart left atrium size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart left atrium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010648 heart right atrium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031579 decreased heart right atrium size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the heart right atrium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010649 dilated pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004938 dilated vasculature the luminal space of the pulmonary trunk is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010650 abnormal aorticopulmonary septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006113 abnormal heart septum morphology any structural anomaly of the spiral septum that separates the truncus arteriosus into a ventral pulmonary trunk and the dorsal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010652 absent aorticopulmonary septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010651 aorticopulmonary septal defect absence of the spiral septum that separates the truncus arteriosus into a ventral pulmonary trunk and the dorsal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010653 abnormal Wallerian degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury any anomaly in the process of progressive degeneration of axons distal to an injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010654 slow Wallerian degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010653 abnormal Wallerian degeneration an increase in the length of time for the process of progressive degeneration of axons distal to an injury to occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010655 absent cardiac jelly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009382 abnormal cardiac jelly morphology absence of the gelatinous noncellular material between the endothelial lining and the myocardial layer of the developing heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010656 thick myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005329 abnormal myocardium layer morphology increased thickness of the heart muscle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010657 absent pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000486 abnormal pulmonary trunk morphology absence of the region of the pulmonary artery that arises from the right ventricle to the division of the right and left pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010658 thoracic aorta aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006278 aortic aneurysm a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010659 abdominal aorta aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009870 abnormal abdominal aorta morphology a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the part of the descending aorta that begins at the diaphragm and continues to the point of the common iliac arteries, resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010660 descending thoracic aorta aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010658 thoracic aorta aneurysm a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the of the part of the aorta that extends from the arch of the aorta to the diaphragm, resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010661 ascending aorta aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010658 thoracic aorta aneurysm a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of the of the part of the aorta that arises from the base of the left ventricle and extends upward to the aortic arch, resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010662 abnormal intersomitic artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012253 abnormal intersomitic vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010663 abnormal brachiocephalic trunk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the short first aortic arch branch which divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010664 abnormal vitelline artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003410 abnormal artery development any structural anomaly of the paired arteries that carry blood to the yolk sac from the dorsal aorta; the vitelline arteries give rise to the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010665 persistent vitelline artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010664 abnormal vitelline artery morphology failure of the vitelline arteries to regress and remodel into the celiac artery, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010666 abnormal vitelline vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003411 abnormal vein development any structural anomaly of the paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010667 abnormal umbilical vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012300 abnormal umbilical cord blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the vein that returns oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus through the umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010668 abnormal hepatic portal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the wide short vein formed from the confluence of the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric and splenic veins, and then divides into the right and left branches which ramify with the liver; the hepatic portal vein carries venous blood from the GI tract, spleen and pancreas to the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010669 abnormal activation-induced B cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008781 abnormal B cell apoptosis any anomaly in the process in which B cell apoptosis occurs upon engagement of either the B cell receptor or CD40, but not both; the engagement leads to expression of fas or related receptors that make the B cell susceptible to fas-ligand mediated death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010670 abnormal activation-induced cell death of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006412 abnormal T cell apoptosis any anomaly in the process of the type of T cell apoptosis that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010671 abnormal Tc17 cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005010 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha beta T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive T cell with the phenotype CCR6-positive, CCR5-high, CD45RA-negative, and secreting IL-17 and some IFNg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010672 increased Tc17 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010671 abnormal Tc17 cell morphology increased cell number of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive T cell with the phenotype CCR6-positive, CCR5-high, CD45RA-negative, and secreting IL-17 and some IFNg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010673 decreased Tc17 cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010671 abnormal Tc17 cell morphology reduced cell number of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive T cell with the phenotype CCR6-positive, CCR5-high, CD45RA-negative, and secreting IL-17 and some IFNg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010674 increased activation-induced B cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010669 abnormal activation-induced B cell apoptosis increased frequency of B cell apoptosis that occurs upon engagement of either the B cell receptor or CD40, but not both; the engagement leads to expression of fas or related receptors that make the B cell susceptible to fas-ligand mediated death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010675 decreased activation-induced B cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010669 abnormal activation-induced B cell apoptosis decreased frequency of B cell apoptosis that occurs upon engagement of either the B cell receptor or CD40, but not both; the engagement leads to expression of fas or related receptors that make the B cell susceptible to fas-ligand mediated death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010676 increased activation-induced cell death of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010670 abnormal activation-induced cell death of T cells increased frequency of the type of T cell apoptosis that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010677 decreased activation-induced cell death of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010670 abnormal activation-induced cell death of T cells decreased frequency of the type of T cell apoptosis that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010679 abnormal arrector pilli muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030572 abnormal pilosebaceous unit morphology any structural anomaly of the bundles of smooth muscle fibers that connect the hair follicle with the papillary layer of the dermis, and serve to pull hair shafts erect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010682 abnormal hair follicle infundibulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the most proximal part of the hair follicle relative to the epidermis, extending from the sebaceous duct to the epidermal surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010683 dilated hair follicle infundibulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010699 dilated hair follicle the luminal space of one or more hair follicle infundibuli is increased in volume or area, sometimes with an increase of contained fluid or sebum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010687 absent hair follicle dermal papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003813 abnormal hair follicle dermal papilla morphology absence of the mesodermal signaling center of the hair follicle consisting of closely packed specialized mesenchymal fibroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010688 hair follicle outer root sheath hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010684 abnormal hair follicle outer root sheath morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hair follicle outer root sheath, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010689 thin hair follicle outer root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010684 abnormal hair follicle outer root sheath morphology reduced thickness of the hair follicle that merges proximally with the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis and distally with the hair bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010690 thick hair follicle outer root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010684 abnormal hair follicle outer root sheath morphology increased thickness of the hair follicle that merges proximally with the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis and distally with the hair bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010691 hair follicle inner root sheath hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010685 abnormal hair follicle inner root sheath morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hair follicle inner root sheath, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010692 thick hair follicle inner root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010685 abnormal hair follicle inner root sheath morphology increased thickness of the multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010693 thin hair follicle inner root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010685 abnormal hair follicle inner root sheath morphology reduced thickness of the multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010694 abnormal hair follicle isthmus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the middle part of the hair follicle that extends from the sebaceous duct to the bulge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010695 abnormal blood pressure regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology any anomaly in the process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system, which is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010696 increased siderocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology the presence of abnormal red blood cells that have iron granule deposits that are not part of the hemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010697 abnormal systemic arterial blood pressure regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010695 abnormal blood pressure regulation anomaly in the process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010698 abnormal impulsive behavior control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior any anomaly in the ability of an individual to exert restraint over behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010699 dilated hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology the luminal space of one or more of the hair follicles is increased in volume or area, sometimes with an increase of contained fluid or sebum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010700 hair follicle comedo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology a dilated or widened hair follicle filled with keratin squamae (skin debris), bacteria, and/or sebum (oil) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010701 fusion of atlas and odontoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004659 abnormal odontoid process morphology the large protuberance that projects upward from the cervical axis (C2), around which the cervical atlas normally rotates, is instead fused to elements of the atlas; the odontoid process may or may not remain attached to the axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010702 split cervical atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004607 abnormal cervical atlas morphology the first (topmost, C1) cervical vertebra is divided into two branches by a median cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010703 split cervical axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004608 abnormal cervical axis morphology the second cervical vertebra (C2) is divided into two branches by a median cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010704 abnormal optic canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the short canal through the orbitosphenoid bone at the apex of the orbit that gives passage to the optic nerve and the ophthalmic artery; the optic foramen is the opening to the optic canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010705 absent metoptic pillar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010704 abnormal optic canal morphology absence of the posterior border of the optic nerve foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010706 ventral rotation of lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001308 abnormal lens polarity a circular shift toward the ventral pole in the position of the equator of the lens relative to the optic nerve exit point http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010707 decreased ventral retina size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology decreasd size of the ventral portion of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010708 absent iris stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005208 abnormal iris stroma morphology absence of the lamellated vascular connective tissue of the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010709 absent eye anterior chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005205 abnormal eye anterior chamber morphology absence of the space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010710 absent sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002698 abnormal sclera morphology absence of the fibrous, outer envelope of the eyeball, covering it entirely excepting the segment covered anteriorly by the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010711 persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009620 abnormal primary vitreous morphology persistence of the embryonic fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010712 absent nasolacrimal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008969 abnormal nasolacrimal duct morphology absence of the paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010713 corneal-lenticular stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology persistent central adhesion between the lens and the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010714 iris coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012533 uveal coloboma congenital defect of the iris in which some part of the structure is absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010715 retina coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005262 coloboma congenital defect of the retina in which some part of the structure is absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010716 optic disk coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008259 abnormal optic disk morphology congenital defect of the optic disk in which some part of the structure is absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010717 optic nerve coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005262 coloboma congenital defect of the optic nerve in which some part of the structure is absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010718 choroid coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012533 uveal coloboma congenital defect of the choroid and retinal pigment epithelium in which some part of the structures are absent, exposing the sclera; the defect is usually situated below the optic disk in the region of fetal (choroid) fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010719 ciliary body coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012533 uveal coloboma congenital defect of the ciliary body in which some part of the structure is absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010720 absent sublingual duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009527 abnormal sublingual duct morphology absence of the canals that drain the sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010721 short sublingual duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009527 abnormal sublingual duct morphology decreased length of the canals that drain the sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010722 persistent cervical thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000704 abnormal thymus development the solid lobe of the thymus fails to descend to the mediastinum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010723 paternal effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005384 cellular phenotype expression of a phenotypic trait in a male animal's offspring that is dependent on the paternal genotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010724 thick interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020136 abnormal interventricular septum thickness increased thickness of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010725 thin interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020136 abnormal interventricular septum thickness decreased thickness of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010727 increased glioblastoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010278 increased glioma incidence greater than the expected number of a fast-growing type of central nervous system tumor that forms from glial tissue of the brain and spinal cord and has cells that look very different from normal cells; glioblastoma usually occurs in adults and affects the brain more often than the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010728 fusion of atlas and occipital bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004607 abnormal cervical atlas morphology union of elements of the atlas and the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull into one structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010729 absent arcus anterior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009879 abnormal arcus anterior morphology absence of the arch that connects the lateral masses of the atlas anteriorly and articulates with the anterior articular facet of the dens of the axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010730 absent odontoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004659 abnormal odontoid process morphology absence of the large protuberance that projects upward from the cervical axis, around which the cervical atlas rotates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010731 absent ventral tubercle of atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004658 abnormal ventral tubercle of atlas morphology absence of the conical ventral projection on the arch of the atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010732 abnormal node of Ranvier morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the short unmyelinated segments of an axon between myelinated segments, where voltage gated channels accumulate and regenerate an action potential as it is conducted along the axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010733 abnormal axon initial segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the short unmyelinated axon segment adjacent to the cell soma where voltage gated channels accumulate and axon potential initiation usually occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010734 abnormal paranode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the axon region immediately adjacent to nodes of Ranvier, where a series of cytoplasmic loops from the overlying glial cell form septate-like junctions with the axon; the axoglial junctions act as a diffusion barrier between the node and internode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010735 abnormal paranodal axoglial junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010734 abnormal paranode morphology any structural anomaly of the structure in which the myelin sheath attaches to the axon at each end of each myelin segment; the axoglial junctions act as a diffusion barrier between the node and internode, maintaining domain-specific axolemmal membrane components http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010737 abnormal juxtaparanode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the region of an axon near a node of Ranvier that is between the paranode axoglial junction and the internode regions; the juxtaparanode axolemma is enriched in potassium channels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010738 abnormal internode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the intervening axon segment that is located between the juxtaparanodes and is surrounded by a single compact myelin sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010739 abnormal axolemma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any structural anomaly of the plasma membrane of an axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010740 abnormal dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020349 abnormal dendritic cell migration anomaly in the movement of a dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010741 abnormal melanocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype anomaly in the ability of a melanocyte cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010742 increased Schwann cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001106 abnormal Schwann cell morphology greater than normal number of cells that sheath the axons of the peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010743 delayed cranial suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003420 delayed intramembranous bone ossification late onset of closure of one or more of the joints (sutures) between the bones of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010744 abnormal cervical flexure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development any structural anomaly in the ventrally concave flexure of the embryonic brain occurring at the junction of hindbrain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010745 abnormal pre-Botzinger complex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001033 abnormal parasympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of the group of interneurons within the medulla oblongata's ventral respiratory group that are important for the generation of ventilatory (inspiratory) rhythmogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010746 abnormal pre-Botzinger complex physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006277 abnormal parasympathetic nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the group of interneurons within the medulla oblongata's ventral respiratory group that are important for the generation of ventilatory (inspiratory) rhythmogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010747 abnormal enamel organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development any structural anomaly of the circumscribed mass of ectodermal cells which bud off from the dental lamina; it becomes cup-shaped and develops on its internal face the ameloblast layer of cells that produces the enamel cap of a developing tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010748 abnormal visual evoked potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005551 abnormal eye electrophysiology anomaly in the electroencephalographic pattern recorded from the occipital area generated in response to retinal stimulation such as flashing lights or inverting a contrasting image; may be used to evaluate optic nerve damage or visual perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010749 absent visual evoked potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010748 abnormal visual evoked potential absence of a characteristic electroencephalographic pattern recorded from the occipital area generated in response to retinal stimulation such as flashing lights or inverting a contrasting image; absence may indicate blindness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010750 increased susceptibility to parasitic infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009787 increased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a parasitic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by parasites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010751 decreased susceptibility to parasitic infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009786 decreased susceptibility to infection induced morbidity/mortality decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a parasitic invasion or from components of or toxins produced by parasites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010752 impaired mucociliary clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001947 abnormal mucociliary clearance reduced ability to remove mucus and other foreign particles and microorganisms from the lungs by directed ciliary movement and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010753 improved mucociliary clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001947 abnormal mucociliary clearance enhanced ability to remove mucus and other foreign particles and microorganisms from the lungs by directed ciliary movement and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010755 abnormal heart right ventricle pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008775 abnormal heart ventricle pressure any anomaly in the pressure within the right cardiac ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010756 decreased right ventricle peak pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010755 abnormal heart right ventricle pressure decrease in the difference between right ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010757 decreased right ventricle diastolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010755 abnormal heart right ventricle pressure decrease in the pressure of the right ventricle between heart beats when the heart is relaxed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010758 increased right ventricle systolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010755 abnormal heart right ventricle pressure increase in the pressure in the right ventricle as the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010759 decreased right ventricle systolic pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010755 abnormal heart right ventricle pressure decrease in the pressure in the right ventricle as the heart contracts and pumps blood into the arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010761 abnormal microglial cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010760 abnormal macrophage chemotaxis anomaly in the movement of a microglial cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010762 abnormal microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003691 abnormal microglial cell physiology any anomaly in change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, during the maturation to the fully active phagocytic form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010763 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001545 abnormal hematopoietic system physiology any functional anomaly of the multipotent, self-renewing stem cells found in the bone marrow and the fetal liver; HSCs give rise to all the types of both the myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010764 abnormal granulocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011518 abnormal cell chemotaxis anomaly in the movement of a granulocyte guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010765 impaired granulocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010764 abnormal granulocyte chemotaxis reduced ability in the movement of a granulocyte guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010766 abnormal NK cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003945 abnormal lymphocyte physiology any functional anomaly of a lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors, and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010767 abnormal female meiosis I arrest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005168 abnormal female meiosis any anomaly in the process in which oocytes stop at the diplotene stage of meiosis I and lie dormant, often for long periods of time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010772 abnormal pollex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology any structural anomaly of the first or primary digit on the radial side of the hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010773 supernumerary molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004033 supernumerary teeth increased number of the most posterior teeth located on either side of the jaw, and characterized by a large crown and broad chewing surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010774 abnormal lymph node follicular mantle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002346 abnormal lymph node secondary follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the secondary follicle in which naive B cells reside along with some helper T cells, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells; these are displaced by the expanding germinal centre and form a 'mantle' around it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010775 abnormal scaphoid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000554 abnormal carpal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bone of the hand located at the radial side of the carpus and which articulates with the radius, trapezium, trapezoideum, capitate, and lunate bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010776 abnormal placenta metrial gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013324 abnormal female reproductive gland morphology any structural anomaly in the group of granular epithelial cells in the uterine muscle beneath the placenta that develops during pregnancy in rodents and some other species, but not in primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010777 absent placenta metrial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010776 abnormal placenta metrial gland morphology absence of the group of granular epithelial cells in the uterine muscle beneath the placenta that develops during pregnancy in rodents and some other species, but not in primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010778 abnormal stomach fundus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch that functions to store undigested food and to collect stomach gases produced by chemical digestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010779 abnormal stomach muscularis externa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010783 abnormal stomach wall morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth muscle layer of the stomach wall that functions to churn and mix food and gastric secretions as well as to move food along the digestive tract to the intestines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010780 abnormal stomach smooth muscle circular layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010779 abnormal stomach muscularis externa morphology any structural anomaly of the middle layer of the muscularis; it is continuous with the circular layer of the esophagus, but is absent in the fundus and lies concentric to the longitudinal axis of the stomach; the circular layer is normally tonically constricted forming a functional pyloric sphincter, which controls the movement of chyme into the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010781 pyloric sphincter hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009861 abnormal pyloric sphincter morphology increase in the bulk size of the thick circular layer of gastric musculature encircling the gastroduodenal junction at the gastric outlet of the stomach, due to cell enlargement or accumulation of fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010782 stomach smooth muscle circular layer hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010780 abnormal stomach smooth muscle circular layer morphology increase in the bulk size of the middle layer of the muscularis due to cell enlargement or accumulation of fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010783 abnormal stomach wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the layered structure that makes up the stomach, consisting of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010784 abnormal forestomach morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the distinct rodent non-glandular region of the stomach which is demarcated from the glandular stomach by the limiting ridge (margo plicatus); the forestomach accounts for about 60% (rat) and 70% (mouse) of the stomach volume and receives the esophagus at the cardiac antrum; the wall of the forestomach consists of, from inside to outside, stratified squamous epithelium, the lamina propria (epithelium and lamina propria form the mucosa), the muscularis mucosae, the submucosa, the muscularis interna and externa (inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of smooth muscle), and the serosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010786 stomach fundus hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010778 abnormal stomach fundus morphology increase in the bulk size of the stomach fundus due to cell enlargement or accumulation of fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010787 gastric cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in the wall of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010788 stomach hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002691 small stomach decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the stomach, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010789 abnormal stomach mesentery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the double layer of peritoneum that encloses the stomach and connects it to the abdominal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010790 abnormal stomach pyloric antrum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010785 abnormal stomach pyloric region morphology any structural anomaly of the area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010791 abnormal pyloric canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010785 abnormal stomach pyloric region morphology any structural anomaly of the short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010793 abnormal stomach serosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010783 abnormal stomach wall morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost layer of the stomach wall, consisting of layers of connective tissue continuous with the peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010794 abnormal stomach submucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010783 abnormal stomach wall morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous connective tissue layer beneath the stomach mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010795 abnormal cardiac gastric gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010798 abnormal stomach cardiac region morphology any structural anomaly of the gastric glands in the cardiac region of the stomach; cardiac glands are fewer in number than in the fundus and body, and secrete mucin which coats the stomach and protects it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010796 abnormal intermediate gastric gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that secrete most of the digestive substances secreted by the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010797 abnormal pyloric gastric gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the gastric glands in the pyloric region of the stomach; the pyloric glands secrete mucin, which coats the stomach and protects it, and hormones such as gastrin and enkephalin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010798 abnormal stomach cardiac region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the stomach region where the esophagus empties into the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010799 stomach mucosa hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010792 abnormal stomach mucosa morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the stomach mucosa, typically resulting in increased thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010800 abnormal submucous nerve plexus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001044 abnormal enteric nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the gangliated plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers that ramify the stomach and intestinal submucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010801 abnormal myenteric nerve plexus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001044 abnormal enteric nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of the plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers and postganglionic autonomic cell bodies lying in the muscular coat of the esophagus, stomach and intestines that communicate with the submucosal, subserosal and enteric plexuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010802 abnormal intestinal enteroendocrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004141 abnormal enteroendocrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the intestinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010803 abnormal stomach enteroendocrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004141 abnormal enteroendocrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010804 abnormal stomach smooth muscle inner oblique layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010779 abnormal stomach muscularis externa morphology any structural anomaly of the innermost layer of the muscularis; it is not present in all sections of the stomach but is clearly seen in the fundus and near the lesser curvature of the corpus; the oblique fibers disappear distally (towards the pyloric antrum); the oblique layer is responsible for creating the motion that churns and physically breaks down the food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010805 abnormal stomach smooth muscle outer longitudinal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010779 abnormal stomach muscularis externa morphology any structural anomaly of the most superficial layer of the muscularis; it has two sections, a longitudinal layer that is common with the esophagus and ends in the corpus, and a longitudinal layer that originates in the corpus and spreads into the duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010806 abnormal stomach muscularis mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010792 abnormal stomach mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the thin layer of smooth muscle in the mucosal layer of the stomach that functions to agitate the surface area stomach mucosa by moving the villi back and forth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010807 abnormal stomach position or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003283 abnormal digestive organ placement the stomach is displaced from the normal left-sided position and/or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010808 right-sided stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010807 abnormal stomach position or orientation stomach is present on the right side of the body instead of the left http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010809 abnormal club cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010897 abnormal bronchiole epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the rounded, club-shaped, nonciliated cell protruding between ciliated cells in bronchiolar epithelium, believed to be secretory in function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010810 increased type II pneumocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002275 abnormal type II pneumocyte morphology greater number of the granular and roughly cuboidal cells typically found at the alveolar-septal junction that modulate the fluid surrounding the alveolar epithelium by secreting and recycling surfactants, and also contribute to tissue repair and can differentiate after injury into a type I pneumocyte; type II cells cover a much smaller surface area than type I cells (less than 5 percent), but are much more numerous and contain lamellar bodies on the apical surface where surfactant is stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010811 decreased type II pneumocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002275 abnormal type II pneumocyte morphology reduced number of the granular and roughly cuboidal cells typically found at the alveolar-septal junction that modulate the fluid surrounding the alveolar epithelium by secreting and recycling surfactants, and also contribute to tissue repair and can differentiate after injury into a type I pneumocyte; type II cells cover a much smaller surface area than type I cells (less than 5 percent), but are much more numerous and contain lamellar bodies on the apical surface where surfactant is stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010812 absent type II pneumocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010811 decreased type II pneumocyte number absence of the granular and roughly cuboidal cells typically found at the alveolar-septal junction that modulate the fluid surrounding the alveolar epithelium by secreting and recycling surfactants, and also contribute to tissue repair and can differentiate after injury into a type I pneumocyte; type II cells cover a much smaller surface area than type I cells (less than 5 percent), but are much more numerous and contain lamellar bodies on the apical surface where surfactant is stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010813 abnormal alveolar lamellar body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002275 abnormal type II pneumocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized secretory organelles found in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010814 absent alveolar lamellar bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010813 abnormal alveolar lamellar body morphology absence of the specialized secretory organelles found in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010815 enlarged alveolar lamellar bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010813 abnormal alveolar lamellar body morphology increased size of the specialized secretory organelles found in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010816 decreased type I pneumocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002274 abnormal type I pneumocyte morphology reduced number of the flattened, branched squamous cells that covers more than 98 percent of the alveolar surface, and have thin (50-100 nm) cytoplasmic extensions to form the air-blood barrier essential for normal gas exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010817 absent type I pneumocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010816 decreased type I pneumocyte number absence of the flattened, branched squamous cells that covers more than 98 percent of the alveolar surface, and have thin (50-100 nm) cytoplasmic extensions to form the air-blood barrier essential for normal gas exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010818 adhesive atelectasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002270 abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology alveolar collapse in the presence of patent airways, especially when surfactant is inactivated or absent, and is seen in newborn respiratory distress syndrome, acute radiation pneumonitis, or viral pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010819 primary atelectasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001177 atelectasis nonexpansion of the lungs after birth, seen in stillborn organisms and in live born animals that do not establish respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010820 abnormal pleura morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly of the serous membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the walls of the pleural cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010821 abnormal visceral pleura morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010820 abnormal pleura morphology any structural anomaly of the pleura layer attached to and covering the lungs, and which intercalates into the fissures between the lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010822 pneumothorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology free air or gas is present in the pleural cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010823 abnormal parietal pleura morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010820 abnormal pleura morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the pleura that lines and is attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010824 absent right lung accessory lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009571 abnormal right lung accessory lobe morphology absence of the right lung lobe which lies against the diaphragm and has a considerable volume residing in the left hemi-thorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010825 abnormal lung saccule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development any structural anomaly of the transient dilations of the developing alveolar (or transient) ducts, which transform into a transitory alveolar duct as soon as it develops further branches; the last transitory saccule formed on each pathway is a terminal saccule that develops into an alveolar sac after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010826 absent lung saccules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010825 abnormal lung saccule morphology absence of the transient dilations of the developing alveolar (or transient) ducts, which transform into a transitory alveolar duct as soon as it develops further branches; the last transitory saccule formed on each pathway is a terminal saccule that develops into an alveolar sac after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010827 small lung saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010825 abnormal lung saccule morphology reduced size of the transient dilations of the developing alveolar (or transient) ducts, which transform into a transitory alveolar duct as soon as it develops further branches; the last transitory saccule formed on each pathway is a terminal saccule that develops into an alveolar sac after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010828 abnormal bronchioalveolar stem cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006382 abnormal lung epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of a respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole, which gives rise to alveolar cell types and Clara cells in response to lung injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010829 increased bronchioalveolar stem cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010828 abnormal bronchioalveolar stem cell morphology greater numbers of a respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole, which gives rise to alveolar cell types and Clara cells in response to lung injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010830 decreased bronchioalveolar stem cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010828 abnormal bronchioalveolar stem cell morphology reduced numbers of a respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole, which gives rise to alveolar cell types and Clara cells in response to lung injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010831 lethality, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of offspring of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010833 abnormal memory T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008037 abnormal T cell morphology any structural anomaly of distinctly differentiated long-lived T cells that have the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010834 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010833 abnormal memory T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta long-lived T cell with the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010835 increased CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012769 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number increased number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta long-lived T cells with the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010836 decreased CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012769 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number reduced number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta long-lived T cells with the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010837 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010833 abnormal memory T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010838 increased CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012774 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number increased number of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010839 decreased CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012774 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number decreased number of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010840 abnormal central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010834 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010841 increased central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012771 abnormal central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number increased number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010842 decreased central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012771 abnormal central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number reduced number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010843 abnormal effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010834 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010844 increased effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012770 abnormal effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number increased number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010845 decreased effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012770 abnormal effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number reduced number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010846 abnormal central memory CD8 positive, alpha-beta T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010837 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell morphology any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010847 increased central memory CD8 positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012772 abnormal central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number increased number of CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010848 decreased central memory CD8 positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012772 abnormal central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number reduced number of CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010849 abnormal effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012774 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number any structural anomaly of a CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010850 increased effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010849 abnormal effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number increased number of CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010851 decreased effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010849 abnormal effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number reduced number of CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010852 absent epidermal lamellar bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009608 abnormal epidermal lamellar body morphology absence of a membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion various substances (glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010854 lung situs inversus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010853 abnormal lung position or orientation anomaly in the asymmetry of the lung such that lung lobes on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the opposite side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010855 pulmonary hyperemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002295 abnormal pulmonary circulation increased amount of blood flow into the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010856 dilated respiratory conducting tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004391 abnormal respiratory conducting tube morphology expansion or widening of the lumen of one or more of the tubes of the respiratory system that allow passage of air from the trachea to the alveoli of the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010857 pulmonary necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of pulmonary tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010858 pulmonary epithelial necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010857 pulmonary necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of pulmonary epithelial tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010859 abnormal anterior commissure pars anterior morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the small horseshoe-shaped anterior part of the anterior commissure which pass into the two olfactory bulbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010860 abnormal anterior commissure pars posterior morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the large posterior part of the anterior commissure which connects the right and left temporal lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010861 increased respiratory mucosa goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002281 abnormal respiratory mucosa goblet cell morphology greater number of the cells of the respiratory epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010862 decreased respiratory mucosa goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002281 abnormal respiratory mucosa goblet cell morphology reduced number of the cells of the respiratory epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010863 absent respiratory mucosa goblet cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010862 decreased respiratory mucosa goblet cell number absence of the cells of the respiratory epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010864 abnormal enamel knot morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030519 abnormal inner dental epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of a transient cluster of cells in the central part of the dental epithelium facing the dental mesenchyme, which acts as an organizing center, providing positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulating the growth of tooth cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010867 abnormal bone trabecula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000130 abnormal trabecular bone morphology any structural anomaly of the network of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010868 increased bone trabecula number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010867 abnormal bone trabecula morphology increased number of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010869 decreased bone trabecula number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010867 abnormal bone trabecula morphology decreased number of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010870 absent bone trabeculae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010867 abnormal bone trabecula morphology absence of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010871 abnormal trabecular bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000130 abnormal trabecular bone morphology anomaly in the total amount of trabecular bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010872 increased trabecular bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010871 abnormal trabecular bone mass greater total amount of trabecular bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010873 decreased trabecular bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010871 abnormal trabecular bone mass reduced total amount of trabecular bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010874 abnormal bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any anomaly in the amount of space occupied by bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010875 increased bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010874 abnormal bone volume increased amount of space occupied by bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010876 decreased bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010874 abnormal bone volume reduced amount of space occupied by bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010877 abnormal trabecular bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010874 abnormal bone volume any anomaly in the amount of space occupied by trabecular bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010878 increased trabecular bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010877 abnormal trabecular bone volume increase in the amount of space occupied by trabecular bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010879 decreased trabecular bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010877 abnormal trabecular bone volume decrease in the amount of space occupied by trabecular bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010880 small esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology reduced size of the part of the digestive canal through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010881 esophagus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010880 small esophagus decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the esophagus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010882 trachea hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004549 small trachea decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the trachea, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010883 trachea stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010884 esophagus stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010885 absent trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology absence of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010886 absent minor salivary glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003791 abnormal minor salivary gland morphology all of the smaller, largely mucus-secreting, exocrine glands of the oral cavity, consisting of the labial, buccal, molar, lingual, and palatine glands are absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010887 pale lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology lung lacking normal reddish coloration; often occurs with a bloodless or reduced vasculature condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010889 small alveolar lamellar bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010813 abnormal alveolar lamellar body morphology decreased size of the specialized secretory organelles found in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010890 decreased alveolar lamellar body number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010813 abnormal alveolar lamellar body morphology reduced number of the specialized secretory organelles found in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010891 increased alveolar lamellar body number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010813 abnormal alveolar lamellar body morphology greater number of the specialized secretory organelles found in the cytoplasm of type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010892 increased oligodendrocyte progenitor number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014325 abnormal oligodendrocyte progenitor morphology greater number of cells that differentiate into a type of glial cell in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010893 abnormal posterior commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002199 abnormal brain commissure morphology any structural anomaly of the band of nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure beneath the habenula of the pineal body and over the cerebral aqueduct, interconnecting the left and right pretectal regions and some midbrain nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010894 pulmonary alveolar edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003828 pulmonary edema an effusion of serous fluid into the pulmonary alveoli; usually caused by the movement of blood components through the pulmonary capillary walls as a result of a change in osmotic pressure, an increased permeability of the walls, or related factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010895 increased lung compliance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002333 abnormal lung compliance increased ability of the lung to distend in response to pressure without disruption, usually expressed as the unit volume of change in the lung per unit of pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010896 decreased lung compliance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002333 abnormal lung compliance reduced ability of the lung to distend in response to pressure without disruption, usually expressed as the unit volume of change in the lung per unit of pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010897 abnormal bronchiole epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006382 abnormal lung epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the bronchioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010899 abnormal pulmonary alveolar system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the lung comprised of the pulmonary acinus and the alveolar parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010902 abnormal pulmonary alveolar sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010911 abnormal pulmonary acinus morphology any structural anomaly of the small terminal dilation of the alveolar ducts around which the alveoli form pocket-like clusters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010903 abnormal pulmonary alveolus wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002270 abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology any structural anomaly in the tissue that encloses the aveolar space of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010904 abnormal alveolar pore morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010900 abnormal pulmonary interalveolar septum morphology any structural anomaly of the openings in the alveolar septum that permit air flow between adjacent alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010905 absent alveolar pores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010904 abnormal alveolar pore morphology absence of the openings in the alveolar septum that permit air flow between adjacent alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010906 abnormal lung bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development any structural anomaly of the primary outgrowth of the embryonic trachea i.e. blunt end of the respiratory diverticulum which grows ventrally out of the proximal end of the foregut, then extends caudally and divides into two, forming the anlage of a primary bronchus and all its branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010907 absent lung buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010906 abnormal lung bud morphology absence of the blunt end of the respiratory diverticulum which normally grows ventrally out of the proximal end of the foregut, then extends caudally and divides into two, forming the origins of the bronchial tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010908 dilated pulmonary alveolar duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002271 abnormal pulmonary alveolar duct morphology expansion or widening of the lumen of one or more of the respiratory conducting tubes distal to the respiratory bronchiole that lead to the alveolar sacs and the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010909 pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001182 lung hemorrhage bleeding into the small sac-like dilations of the distal airspace of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010910 bronchiolar epithelial hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010897 abnormal bronchiole epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the bronchiolar epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010912 herniated liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology protrusion of any portion of the liver from its normal anatomical position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010913 abnormal neuroendocrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any structural anomaly of a neuron that has the specialized function to produce and secrete hormones, contains neruosecretory granules, and that constitutes, in whole or in part, an endocrine organ or system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010914 abnormal solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010913 abnormal neuroendocrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized non-ciliated, round- to oval-shaped epithelial cells found as solitary cells in the nasal respiratory epithelium and the mucosa of the larynx, trachea and bronchi up to the terminal bronchioles; PNECs are the first cell type to differentiate during early fetal lung development, produce amine (e.g. serotonin, 5-HT) and peptides (e.g. bombesin, calcitonin) with growth factor-like properties, and appear to be involved in processes ranging from lung development and respiratory physiology to repair, disease and carcinogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010915 increased solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010914 abnormal solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cell morphology increased number of the specialized non-ciliated, round- to oval-shaped epithelial cells found as solitary cells in the nasal respiratory epithelium and the mucosa of the larynx, trachea and bronchi up to the terminal bronchioles; PNECs are the first cell type to differentiate during early fetal lung development, produce amine (e.g. serotonin, 5-HT) and peptides (e.g. bombesin, calcitonin) with growth factor-like properties, and appear to be involved in processes ranging from lung development and respiratory physiology to repair, disease and carcinogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010916 decreased solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010914 abnormal solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cell morphology decreased number of the specialized non-ciliated, round- to oval-shaped epithelial cells found as solitary cells in the nasal respiratory epithelium and the mucosa of the larynx, trachea and bronchi up to the terminal bronchioles; PNECs are the first cell type to differentiate during early fetal lung development, produce amine (e.g. serotonin, 5-HT) and peptides (e.g. bombesin, calcitonin) with growth factor-like properties, and appear to be involved in processes ranging from lung development and respiratory physiology to repair, disease and carcinogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010917 absent solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010914 abnormal solitary pulmonary neuroendocrine cell morphology absence of the specialized non-ciliated, round- to oval-shaped epithelial cells found as solitary cells in the nasal respiratory epithelium and the mucosa of the larynx, trachea and bronchi up to the terminal bronchioles; PNECs are the first cell type to differentiate during early fetal lung development, produce amine (e.g. serotonin, 5-HT) and peptides (e.g. bombesin, calcitonin) with growth factor-like properties, and appear to be involved in processes ranging from lung development and respiratory physiology to repair, disease and carcinogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010918 abnormal pulmonary neuroendocrine body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006382 abnormal lung epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010919 increased number of pulmonary neuroendocrine bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010918 abnormal pulmonary neuroendocrine body morphology greater number of the corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010920 decreased number of pulmonary neuroendocrine bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010918 abnormal pulmonary neuroendocrine body morphology reduction in the number of the corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010921 absent pulmonary neuroendocrine bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010918 abnormal pulmonary neuroendocrine body morphology absence of the corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010922 alveolitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001861 lung inflammation inflammation of the small sac-like dilations of the distal airspace of the lung; acute pulmonary alveolitis involves exudate into the pulmonary alveoli and impaired gas exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010923 calcified pulmonary alveolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002270 abnormal pulmonary alveolus morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the pulmonary alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010924 abnormal osteoid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development any structural anomaly of newly formed organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts, that exists prior to calcification; it is comprised mainly of type I collagen fibers, chondroitin sulfate and osteocalcin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010925 abnormal osteoid volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010924 abnormal osteoid morphology any anomaly in the amount of space occupied by newly formed organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010926 increased osteoid volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010925 abnormal osteoid volume increase in the amount of space occupied by newly formed organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010927 decreased osteoid volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010925 abnormal osteoid volume reduction in the amount of space occupied by newly formed organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010928 abnormal osteoid thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010924 abnormal osteoid morphology anomaly in the width of the layer of newly formed organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010929 increased osteoid thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010928 abnormal osteoid thickness increase in the width of the layer of newly formed organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010930 decreased osteoid thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010928 abnormal osteoid thickness reduction in the width of the layer of newly formed organic bone matrix secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010931 abnormal trabecular bone connectivity density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000130 abnormal trabecular bone morphology any anomaly in the extent of attachments between trabeculae; it may be expressed in ratios of nodes to free ends, trabecular bone pattern factor, and related measures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010932 increased trabecular bone connectivity density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010931 abnormal trabecular bone connectivity density increase in the extent of attachments between trabeculae; it may be expressed in ratios of nodes to free ends, trabecular bone pattern factor, and related measures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010933 decreased trabecular bone connectivity density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010931 abnormal trabecular bone connectivity density reduction in the extent of attachments between trabeculae; it may be expressed in ratios of nodes to free ends, trabecular bone pattern factor, and related measures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010934 increased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020997 abnormal subcutaneous adipose tissue amount increase in amount of adipose tissue beneath the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010935 increased airway resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002328 abnormal airway resistance greater opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction, measured as the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010936 decreased airway resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002328 abnormal airway resistance reduced opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction, measured as the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010937 increased total lung capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002304 abnormal total lung capacity greater volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010938 decreased total lung capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002304 abnormal total lung capacity reduced volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of maximal inspiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010939 abnormal mandibular prominence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010940 abnormal maxillary prominence morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of the paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010941 abnormal foramen magnum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the large orifice in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes to the cranial cavity and becomes continuous with the medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010943 abnormal bronchus epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006382 abnormal lung epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010944 respiratory epithelium hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010942 abnormal respiratory epithelium morphology increase in the bulk size of the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi; may be due to cell enlargement or excessive production/accumulation of mucus material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010945 lung epithelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010942 abnormal respiratory epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lung epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010946 hyperpnea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001951 abnormal breathing pattern breathing that is deeper and more rapid than normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010947 abnormal single-strand DNA break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008058 abnormal DNA repair anomaly in the process of repair of single strand breaks in DNA; repair of such breaks is mediated by the same enzyme systems as are used in base excision repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010948 abnormal double-strand DNA break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008058 abnormal DNA repair any anomaly in the process of repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010949 decreased club cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010809 abnormal club cell morphology reduced number of the rounded, club-shaped, nonciliated cells found between ciliated cells in bronchiolar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010950 abnormal lung hysteresivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology anomaly in the lung tissue property defined as the ratio of dissipated energy to stored energy over a respiratory cycle; it can be measured as the area enclosed by a pressure-volume loop of the lung, and is dependent on composition and microstructure of the tissue components such as the elastic connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010951 abnormal lipid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology anomaly in the process of removal of one or more electrons from a lipid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010952 abnormal fatty acid beta-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010953 abnormal fatty acid oxidation anomaly in the process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid, beginning with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, with successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010953 abnormal fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010951 abnormal lipid oxidation anomaly in the process of removal of one or more electrons from a fatty acid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010954 abnormal cellular respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology anomaly in the enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010955 abnormal respiratory electron transport chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010954 abnormal cellular respiration anomaly in the process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010956 abnormal mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010959 abnormal oxidative phosphorylation anomaly in the transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane and mediated by multisubunit enzyme complexes known as complex I-IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010957 abnormal aerobic respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010954 abnormal cellular respiration any anomaly in the process of enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010958 abnormal tricarboxylic acid cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010957 abnormal aerobic respiration any anomaly in the universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes; the acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010959 abnormal oxidative phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006036 abnormal mitochondrial physiology any anomaly in the process of phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain; oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010960 abnormal compact bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003797 abnormal compact bone morphology anomaly in the total amount of compact bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010961 increased compact bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010960 abnormal compact bone mass greater than normal total amount of compact bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010962 decreased compact bone mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010960 abnormal compact bone mass less than normal total amount of compact bone tissue contained in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010963 abnormal compact bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010874 abnormal bone volume any anomaly in the amount of space occupied by compact bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010964 increased compact bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010963 abnormal compact bone volume greater than normal amount of space occupied by compact bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010965 decreased compact bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010963 abnormal compact bone volume less than normal amount of space occupied by compact bone tissue in the skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010966 abnormal compact bone area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003797 abnormal compact bone morphology anomaly in the total amount of cross-sectional area of compact bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010967 increased compact bone area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010966 abnormal compact bone area increase in the total amount of cross-sectional area of compact bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010968 decreased compact bone area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010966 abnormal compact bone area reduction in the total amount of cross-sectional area of compact bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010969 absent compact bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003797 abnormal compact bone morphology absence of the outer layers of solid, hard bone that covers spongy bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010970 abnormal compact bone lamellar structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003797 abnormal compact bone morphology any structural anomaly of the concentric layers of calcified matrix interspersed with osteocytes lodged in lacunae between the lamellae that comprise the cylindrical osteons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010971 abnormal periosteum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of the thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010972 absent periosteum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010971 abnormal periosteum morphology absence of the thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010973 increased periosteum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010971 abnormal periosteum morphology increased width of the thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010974 decreased periosteum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010971 abnormal periosteum morphology decreased width of the thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of any of the anatomically and functionally distinct subunits (lobes) comprising the left or right lung, where each lobe receives air from its own secondary bronchus and is separated from it neighbors by one or more fissures (walls of connective tissue) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010976 small lung lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology reduced size of any of the anatomically and functionally distinct subunits (lobes) comprising the left or right lung, where each lobe receives air from its own secondary bronchus and is separated from it neighbors by one or more fissures (walls of connective tissue) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010977 fused right lung lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology complete or partial fusion of the right lung lobes, indicative of defective lobar septation during embryonic lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010978 absent ureteric bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology absence of the epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010979 small ureteric bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology reduced size of the epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010980 ectopic ureteric bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology ureteric bud(s) are not located in the normal or expected position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010981 abnormal branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology anomaly in the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010982 abnormal ureteric bud elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology any anomaly in the process in which a ureteric bud grows along its axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010983 abnormal ureteric bud invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010982 abnormal ureteric bud elongation any anomaly in the process in which the ureteric bud grows into the metanephric mesenchyme, and contributes to the formation of the metanephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010984 abnormal metanephric mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010985 abnormal kidney mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing metanephros; interactions between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme leads to the initiation of outgrowth and repetitive branching of the UB that ultimately generates the definitive renal collecting system and induces formation of renal vesicles from the mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010985 abnormal kidney mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000527 abnormal kidney development any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010986 abnormal mesonephric mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010985 abnormal kidney mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing mesonephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010987 abnormal nephrogenic mesenchyme morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010985 abnormal kidney mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010988 abnormal bronchial cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002264 abnormal bronchus morphology any structural anomaly of the hyaline cartilaginous structures that support the bronchi, present as irregular rings in the larger bronchi (and not as regular as in the trachea), and as small plates and islands in the smaller bronchi; as the branching continues through the bronchial tree, the amount of hyaline cartilage in the walls decreases until it is absent in the smallest bronchioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010989 fused bronchial cartilage rings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010988 abnormal bronchial cartilage morphology fusion of the hyaline cartilaginous structures that support the bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010992 increased surfactant secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004780 abnormal surfactant secretion greater production or release from pneumocytes of surfactant, a phospholipid present in the lungs that controls surface tension in the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010993 decreased surfactant secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004780 abnormal surfactant secretion decreased production or release from pneumocytes of surfactant, a phospholipid present in the lungs that controls surface tension in the alveoli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010994 aerophagia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001663 abnormal digestive system physiology excessive swallowing of air or gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010995 abnormal lung alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development anomaly in the formation of the sacs for holding air in the lungs, which are formed by the terminal dilation of air passageways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010996 increased aorta wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009866 abnormal aorta wall morphology increased depth of the part of the aorta that encloses the luminal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010997 decreased aorta wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009866 abnormal aorta wall morphology decreased depth of the part of the aorta that encloses the luminal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010998 pulmonary alveolar proteinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010999 proteinosis abnormal intra-alveolar accumulation of an amorphous, largely cell-free, surfactant-like lipoproteinaceous material that is not easily cleared from the lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010999 proteinosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level disordered protein formation and distribution, especially manifested by the accumulation of excess or abnormal proteins in tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011001 absence of AMPA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002885 abnormal AMPA-mediated synaptic currents absence of a measured amplitude, current density or response to stimulation of NMDA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011002 enhanced AMPA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002885 abnormal AMPA-mediated synaptic currents increase in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of AMPA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011003 reduced AMPA-mediated synaptic currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002885 abnormal AMPA-mediated synaptic currents reduction in the measured amplitude, current density or duration of response to stimulation of AMPA receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011004 abnormal epidermal stem cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003941 abnormal skin development any structural anomaly of a somatic stem cell that is part of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011005 abnormal epidermal stem cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology any functional anomaly of a somatic stem cell that is part of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011006 abnormal epidermal stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011005 abnormal epidermal stem cell physiology anomaly in the ability of a somatic stem cell population that is part of the epidermis to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011007 abnormal epidermal stem cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011005 abnormal epidermal stem cell physiology change in the timing or the number of somatic stem cells that are part of the epidermis, undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011008 abnormal circulating glutamate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of the enzymes which catalyze the reaction of L-glutamate, water and NAD+, producing alpha-ketoglutarate, ammonia, and NADH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011009 increased circulating glutamate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011008 abnormal circulating glutamate dehydrogenase level increased concentration in the blood of the enzymes which catalyze the reaction of L-glutamate, water and NAD+, producing alpha-ketoglutarate, ammonia, and NADH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011010 decreased circulating glutamate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011008 abnormal circulating glutamate dehydrogenase level reduced concentration in the blood of the enzymes which catalyze the reaction of L-glutamate, water and NAD+, producing alpha-ketoglutarate, ammonia, and NADH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011011 impaired lung lobe morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010975 abnormal lung lobe morphology failure to form any of the anatomically and functionally distinct subunits (lobes) comprising the left or right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011012 bronchiectasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001861 lung inflammation a chronic inflammatory or degenerative condition marked by permanent dilatation (widening) of one or more bronchi and loss of elasticity of the bronchial walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011013 bronchiolectasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011012 bronchiectasis a chronic inflammatory or degenerative condition marked by permanent dilatation (widening) of one or more bronchioles and loss of elasticity of the bronchiolar walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011014 decreased core body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005534 decreased body temperature reduced degree of heat natural to the internal center of a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011015 decreased body surface temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005534 decreased body temperature reduced degree of heat natural to skin-environment interface of a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011016 increased core body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005533 increased body temperature increased degree of heat natural to the internal center of a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011017 increased body surface temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005533 increased body temperature increased degree of heat natural to the skin-environment interface of a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011018 pulmonary hyaline membrane formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology abnormal presence of an eosinophilic hyaline (glass-like) material composed of fibrin, proteinaceous exudate and cellular debris, and lining or filling the alveoli, alveolar ducts and bronchioles; hyaline membranes block gas exchange and are usually found at autopsy in individuals that have died of respiratory distress syndrome in the neonatal stages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011019 abnormal adaptive thermogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the regulated production of heat in response to short term environmental changes, such as stress, diet or reduced temperature, often resulting in metabolic inefficiency or death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011020 abnormal circadian temperature homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001777 abnormal body temperature homeostasis any anomaly in the process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011021 abnormal circadian regulation of heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004085 abnormal heartbeat anomaly in the process in which an organism modulates its heart rate at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011022 abnormal circadian regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010697 abnormal systemic arterial blood pressure regulation any anomaly in the process in which an organism modulates its blood pressure at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011024 abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development anomaly in the process in which the branched structure of the respiratory airway tree is generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011025 abnormal branching involved in trachea morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013496 abnormal trachea development anomaly in the process in which the two main branches of the trachea is generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011026 impaired branching involved in trachea morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011025 abnormal branching involved in trachea morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the process in which the two main branches of the trachea is generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011027 abnormal branching involved in bronchus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011024 abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis anomaly in the process in which the branched structure of the bronchus is generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011028 impaired branching involved in bronchus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011027 abnormal branching involved in bronchus morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the process in which the branched structure of the bronchus is generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011029 abnormal branching involved in preterminal bronchiole morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011024 abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis anomaly in the process in which the branched structure of the preterminal bronchioles are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011030 impaired branching involved in preterminal bronchiole morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011029 abnormal branching involved in preterminal bronchiole morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the process in which the branched structure of the preterminal bronchioles are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011031 abnormal branching involved in terminal bronchiole morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011024 abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis anomaly in the process in which the branched structure of the terminal bronchioles are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011032 impaired branching involved in terminal bronchiole morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011031 abnormal branching involved in terminal bronchiole morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the process in which the branched structure of the terminal bronchioles are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011033 abnormal branching involved in respiratory bronchiole morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011024 abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis anomaly in the process in which the branched structure of the respiratory bronchioles are generated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011034 impaired branching involved in respiratory bronchiole morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011033 abnormal branching involved in respiratory bronchiole morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the process in which the branched structure of the respiratory bronchioles are generated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011035 abnormal branching involved in alveolar duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011024 abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis anomaly in the process in which the branched structure of the alveolar ducts are generated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011036 impaired branching involved in alveolar duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011035 abnormal branching involved in alveolar duct morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the process in which the branched structure of the alveolar ducts are generated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011037 abnormal branching involved in alveolar sac morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011024 abnormal branching involved in lung morphogenesis anomaly in the process in which the terminal alveolar sacs are generated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011038 impaired branching involved in alveolar sac morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011037 abnormal branching involved in alveolar sac morphogenesis partial or complete failure of the process in which the terminal alveolar sacs are generated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011039 abnormal vestibuloocular dark reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004844 abnormal vestibuloocular reflex any anomaly in the nystagmus or deviation of the eyes in response to stimulation of the vestibular system when the test is run without light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011040 abnormal vestibuloocular light reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004844 abnormal vestibuloocular reflex any anomaly in the nystagmus or deviation of the eyes in response to stimulation of the vestibular system when the test is run with light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011041 abnormal vertical vestibuloocular reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004844 abnormal vestibuloocular reflex any anomaly in the nystagmus or deviation of the eyes in response to stimulation along the vertical axis of the vestibular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011042 abnormal horizontal vestibuloocular reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004844 abnormal vestibuloocular reflex any anomaly in the nystagmus or deviation of the eyes in response to stimulation along the horizontal axis of the vestibular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011043 abnormal lung elastance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology anomaly in the ability of the lung to recoil toward its resting dimensions upon removal of pressure without disruption, usually expressed as the unit volume of change in the lung per unit of decreased pressure change; the reciprocal of compliance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011044 increased lung elastance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011043 abnormal lung elastance faster ability of the lung to recoil toward its resting dimensions upon removal of pressure without disruption, usually expressed as the unit volume of change in the lung per unit of decreased pressure change; the reciprocal of compliance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011045 decreased lung elastance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011043 abnormal lung elastance reduced ability of the lung to recoil toward its resting dimensions upon removal of pressure without disruption, usually expressed as the unit volume of change in the lung per unit of decreased pressure change; the reciprocal of compliance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011046 abnormal lung tissue damping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology anomaly in the respiratory mechanical parameter (G) that is closely related to tissue resistance and reflects the energy dissipation in the lung tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011047 increased lung tissue damping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011046 abnormal lung tissue damping increased value of the respiratory mechanical parameter (G) that is closely related to tissue resistance and reflects the energy dissipation in the lung tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011048 decreased lung tissue damping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011046 abnormal lung tissue damping reduced value of the respiratory mechanical parameter (G) that is closely related to tissue resistance and reflects the energy dissipation in the lung tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011049 impaired adaptive thermogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011019 abnormal adaptive thermogenesis inability or reduced ability to produce heat in response to short term environmental changes, such as stress, diet or reduced temperature, often resulting in metabolic inefficiency or death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011050 abnormal respiratory motile cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013206 abnormal motile cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011051 abnormal respiratory motile cilium number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011050 abnormal respiratory motile cilium morphology anomaly in the number of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011052 increased respiratory motile cilia number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011051 abnormal respiratory motile cilium number greater number of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011053 decreased respiratory motile cilia number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011051 abnormal respiratory motile cilium number reduced number of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011054 absent respiratory motile cilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011053 decreased respiratory motile cilia number absence of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011055 abnormal respiratory motile cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014200 abnormal respiratory epithelium physiology any functional anomaly of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the respiratory tract; may include alterations in ciliary beating pattern or frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011056 abnormal brain ependyma motile cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011059 abnormal ependyma motile cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain, which beat in concert and to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011057 absent brain ependyma motile cilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030966 decreased brain ependyma motile cilium number absence of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain, which beat in concert and to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011058 abnormal spinal cord motile cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011059 abnormal ependyma motile cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the central canal of the spinal cord, which beat in concert and to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011059 abnormal ependyma motile cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013206 abnormal motile cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, which beat in concert and to move cerebrospinal fluid around the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011060 abnormal kinocilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013205 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of auditory receptor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011061 abnormal inner hair cell kinocilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011060 abnormal kinocilium morphology any structural anomaly of the nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of inner hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011062 abnormal outer hair cell kinocilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011060 abnormal kinocilium morphology any structural anomaly of the nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of outer hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011063 absent inner hair cell kinocilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011061 abnormal inner hair cell kinocilium morphology absence of the nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of inner hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011064 abnormal vestibular hair cell kinocilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011060 abnormal kinocilium morphology any structural anomaly of the nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of vestibular hair cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011065 abnormal kidney epithelial cell primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013205 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the single non-motile cilium of a kidney epithelial cell that projects into the luminal space of the tubules and ducts where it is thought to act as a flow sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011066 abnormal renal tubule epithelial cell primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011065 abnormal kidney epithelial cell primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the single non-motile cilium of a renal tubule epithelial cell that projects into the luminal space of the tubules where it is thought to act as a flow sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011067 abnormal somatostatin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomaly of the blood or tissue concentration of a tetradecapeptide capable of inhibiting the release of somatotrophin by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and the release of insulin and gastrin from digestive system tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011068 abnormal ependyma motile cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013209 abnormal motile cilium physiology any functional anomaly of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, which beat in concert and to move cerebrospinal fluid around the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011069 abnormal brain ependyma motile cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011068 abnormal ependyma motile cilium physiology any functional anomaly of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain, which beat in concert and to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011070 abnormal spinal cord motile cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011068 abnormal ependyma motile cilium physiology any functional anomaly of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the central canal of the spinal cord, which beat in concert and to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011071 absent club cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010949 decreased club cell number absence of the rounded, club-shaped, nonciliated cells found between ciliated cells in the bronchiolar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011072 abnormal macrophage cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002451 abnormal macrophage physiology any anomaly in the appearance of macrophage-derived cytokine(s) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in a change to its intracellular or extracellular levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011073 abnormal macrophage apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002451 abnormal macrophage physiology excessive or absent cell death in macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011074 abnormal macrophage nitric oxide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003957 abnormal nitric oxide homeostasis any anomaly in the appearance of macrophage-derived nitric oxide due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011075 abnormal macrophage activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002451 abnormal macrophage physiology anomaly in the process in which a change in response and behavior of a macrophage results from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011076 increased macrophage nitric oxide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011074 abnormal macrophage nitric oxide production greater production of macrophage-derived nitric oxide due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011077 decreased macrophage nitric oxide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011074 abnormal macrophage nitric oxide production reduced production of macrophage-derived nitric oxide due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011078 increased macrophage cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011072 abnormal macrophage cytokine production greater production of macrophage-derived cytokine(s) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011079 decreased macrophage cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011072 abnormal macrophage cytokine production reduced production of macrophage-derived cytokine(s) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an decrease in its intracellular or extracellular levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011080 increased macrophage apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011073 abnormal macrophage apoptosis greater incidence of cell death in macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011081 decreased macrophage apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011073 abnormal macrophage apoptosis reduced incidence of cell death in macrophages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011083 lethality at weaning, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008569 lethality at weaning premature death at weaning age of all organisms of a given genotype in a population, often due to the inability to make the transition to solid food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011084 lethality at weaning, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008569 lethality at weaning the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms at weaning age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011085 postnatal lethality, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002082 postnatal lethality premature death anytime between the neonatal period and weaning age of all organisms of a given genotype in a population (Mus: P1 to approximately 3 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011086 postnatal lethality, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002082 postnatal lethality the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms anytime between the neonatal period and weaning age (Mus: P1 to approximately 3 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011087 neonatal lethality, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002058 neonatal lethality death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population within the neonatal period after birth (Mus: P0) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011088 neonatal lethality, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002058 neonatal lethality the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms within the neonatal period after birth (Mus: P0) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011089 perinatal lethality, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002081 perinatal lethality death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population within the perinatal period (Mus: E18.5 through postnatal day 1) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011090 perinatal lethality, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002081 perinatal lethality the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms within the perinatal period (Mus: E18.5 through postnatal day 1) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011091 prenatal lethality, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002080 prenatal lethality death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between fertilization and birth (Mus: approximately E18.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011092 embryonic lethality, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008762 embryonic lethality death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population within the embryonic period prior to the completion of organogenesis (Mus: prior to E14) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011093 embryonic lethality at implantation, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008527 embryonic lethality at implantation death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population at the point of implantation (Mus: E4.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011094 embryonic lethality before implantation, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006204 embryonic lethality before implantation death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between fertilization and implantation (Mus: E0 to less than E4.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011095 embryonic lethality between implantation and placentation, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009850 embryonic lethality between implantation and placentation death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between the point of implantation and the initiation of placentation (Mus: E4.5 to less than E9) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011096 embryonic lethality between implantation and somite formation, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006205 embryonic lethality between implantation and somite formation death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between the point of implantation and somite formation (Mus: E4.5 to less than E8) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011097 embryonic lethality between somite formation and embryo turning, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006206 embryonic lethality between somite formation and embryo turning death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between somite formation and the initiation of embryo turning (Mus: E8 to less than E9) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011098 embryonic lethality during organogenesis, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006207 embryonic lethality during organogenesis death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between embryo turning and the completion of organogenesis (Mus: E9-9.5 to less than E14) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011099 lethality throughout fetal growth and development, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006208 lethality throughout fetal growth and development death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between the completion of organogenesis and birth (Mus: E14 to approximately E18.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011100 preweaning lethality, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010770 preweaning lethality death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between fertilization and weaning age (Mus: approximately 3-4 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011101 prenatal lethality, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002080 prenatal lethality the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between fertilization and birth (Mus: approximately E18.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011102 embryonic lethality, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008762 embryonic lethality the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms within the embryonic period prior to the completion of organogenesis (Mus: prior to E14) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011103 embryonic lethality at implantation, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008527 embryonic lethality at implantation the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms at the point of implantation (Mus: E4.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011104 embryonic lethality before implantation, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006204 embryonic lethality before implantation the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between fertilization and implantation (Mus: E0 to less than E4.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011105 embryonic lethality between implantation and placentation, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009850 embryonic lethality between implantation and placentation the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between the point of implantation and the initiation of placentation (Mus: E4.5 to less than E9) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011106 embryonic lethality between implantation and somite formation, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006205 embryonic lethality between implantation and somite formation the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between the point of implantation and somite formation (Mus: E4.5 to less than E8) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011107 embryonic lethality between somite formation and embryo turning, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006206 embryonic lethality between somite formation and embryo turning the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between somite formation and the initiation of embryo turning (Mus: E8 to less than E9) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011108 embryonic lethality during organogenesis, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006207 embryonic lethality during organogenesis the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between embryo turning and the completion of organogenesis (Mus: E9-9.5 to less than E14) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011109 lethality throughout fetal growth and development, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006208 lethality throughout fetal growth and development the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between the completion of organogenesis and birth (Mus: E14 to approximately E18.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011110 preweaning lethality, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010770 preweaning lethality the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between fertilization and weaning age (Mus: approximately 3-4 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011111 lethality during fetal growth through weaning, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010832 lethality during fetal growth through weaning death of all organisms of a given genotype in a population between the completion of organogenesis and weaning age (Mus: E14 to approximately 3 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011112 lethality during fetal growth through weaning, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010832 lethality during fetal growth through weaning the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms between the completion of organogenesis and weaning age (Mus: E14 to approximately 3 weeks of age) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011113 abnormal airway basal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010942 abnormal respiratory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of a long-lived multipotent stem cell of the pseudostratified airway epithelium which is restricted to the tracheal epithelium in mice; airway BCs have been shown to be capable of self renewal, give rise to secretory (Clara) cells and ciliated cells, and play important roles both in epithelial homeostasis and in pathological airway remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011114 abnormal airway basal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011113 abnormal airway basal cell morphology abnormal or arrest of differentiation of the long-lived multipotent stem cell population of the pseudostratified airway epithelium; changes in the lineage choice of BCs or their undifferentiated daughters might contribute to the mucous cell hyperplasia, metaplasia or squamous metaplasia seen in many respiratory disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011115 airway basal cell hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011113 abnormal airway basal cell morphology increased number of the long-lived multipotent stem cells of the pseudostratified airway epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011116 absent Reichert's membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003954 abnormal Reichert's membrane morphology absence of the extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal endoderm; normally required for the maternofetal exchange of nutrients and important for postgastrulation development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011117 abnormal susceptibility to weight gain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001259 abnormal body weight anomaly in body weight over time when compared to the average increase in weight on the same diet, with equal energy (calorie) intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011118 abnormal susceptibility to weight loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001259 abnormal body weight anomaly in body weight over time when compared to the average decrease in weight in response to dietary modification, fasting or caloric restriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011119 abnormal primordial ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009361 abnormal primordial ovarian follicle morphology abnormal numbers of the ovarian follicle that is indiscernible to the naked eye and develops into to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011120 increased primordial ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011119 abnormal primordial ovarian follicle number greater than normal numbers of the ovarian follicle that is indiscernible to the naked eye and develops into to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011121 decreased primordial ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011119 abnormal primordial ovarian follicle number fewer than normal numbers of the ovarian follicle that is indiscernible to the naked eye and develops into to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011122 absent primordial ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011121 decreased primordial ovarian follicle number absence of the ovarian follicle that is indiscernible to the naked eye and develops into to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011123 abnormal primary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009362 abnormal primary ovarian follicle morphology abnormal numbers of the ovarian follicle that is characterized by the presence of a single layer of granulosa cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011124 increased primary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011123 abnormal primary ovarian follicle number greater than normal numbers of the ovarian follicle that is characterized by the presence of a single layer of granulosa cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011125 decreased primary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011123 abnormal primary ovarian follicle number fewer than normal numbers of the ovarian follicle that is characterized by the presence of a single layer of granulosa cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011126 absent primary ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011125 decreased primary ovarian follicle number absence of the ovarian follicle that is characterized by the presence of a single layer of granulosa cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011127 abnormal tertiary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009363 abnormal tertiary ovarian follicle morphology abnormal numbers of the ovarian follicle in which the primary oocyte attains its full size and is surrounded by an extracellular glycoprotein layer (zona pellucida) that separates it from a peripheral layer of follicular cells permeated by one or more fluid-filled antra; the primary oocyte occupies the cumulus oophorus while the theca of the follicle develops into internal and external layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011128 increased tertiary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011127 abnormal tertiary ovarian follicle number greater than normal numbers of the ovarian follicle in which the primary oocyte attains its full size and is surrounded by an extracellular glycoprotein layer (zona pellucida) that separates it from a peripheral layer of follicular cells permeated by one or more fluid-filled antra; the primary oocyte occupies the cumulus oophorus while the theca of the follicle develops into internal and external layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011129 decreased tertiary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011127 abnormal tertiary ovarian follicle number fewer than normal numbers of the ovarian follicle in which the primary oocyte attains its full size and is surrounded by an extracellular glycoprotein layer (zona pellucida) that separates it from a peripheral layer of follicular cells permeated by one or more fluid-filled antra; the primary oocyte occupies the cumulus oophorus while the theca of the follicle develops into internal and external layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011130 absent tertiary ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011129 decreased tertiary ovarian follicle number absence of the ovarian follicle in which the primary oocyte attains its full size and is surrounded by an extracellular glycoprotein layer (zona pellucida) that separates it from a peripheral layer of follicular cells permeated by one or more fluid-filled antra; the primary oocyte occupies the cumulus oophorus while the theca of the follicle develops into internal and external layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011131 abnormal lung endothelial cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014200 abnormal respiratory epithelium physiology any functional anomaly of the squamous cells forming the lining of the pulmonary vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011132 abnormal lung endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011131 abnormal lung endothelial cell physiology anomaly in the movement of endothelial cells or their precursors to the appropriate location in the pulmonary vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011133 increased lung endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011804 increased cell migration increased or faster movement of endothelial cells or their precursors to the appropriate location in the pulmonary vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011134 decreased lung endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011805 decreased cell migration reduced or slower movement of endothelial cells or their precursors to the appropriate location in the pulmonary vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011135 abnormal lung endothelial cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020317 abnormal vascular endothelial cell adhesion altered ability of an endothelial cell in the pulmonary vasculature to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011136 increased lung endothelial cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020318 increased vascular endothelial cell adhesion increased ability of an endothelial cell in the pulmonary vasculature to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011137 decreased lung endothelial cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020319 decreased vascular endothelial cell adhesion decreased ability of an endothelial cell in the pulmonary vasculature to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011138 abnormal lung endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011131 abnormal lung endothelial cell physiology altered ability of an endothelial cell in the pulmonary vasculature to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011139 increased lung endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011138 abnormal lung endothelial cell proliferation greater ability of an endothelial cell in the pulmonary vasculature to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011140 decreased lung endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011138 abnormal lung endothelial cell proliferation reduced ability of an endothelial cell in the pulmonary vasculature to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011141 increased lung endothelial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030002 increased lung apoptosis acceleration in the timing or in the number of endothelial cells in the pulmonary vasculature undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011142 abnormal lung-associated mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development abnormality in the formation of the lung tissue comprised of multiple cell types (including connective tissue, endothelial cells, lymphatics, smooth muscle cells surrounding airways and blood vessels, myofibroblasts involved in septum formation, and cartilage-forming cells in the trachea), with most cells thought to be derived from the splanchnic mesenchyme, and other cells (endothelial, smooth muscle) believed to invade the lung as it expands; lung mesenchyme is a critical determinant of the shape and size of the developing lung, the extent and patterning of epithelial branching, and the formation of the pulmonary vasculature and interstitial mesenchymal components of the adult lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011143 thick lung-associated mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development increased thickness of the mesenchymal cell layer due to delay or failure of the mesenchymal compartment to thin down during the late stages of embryonic lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011144 thin lung-associated mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development decreased thickness of the mesenchymal cell layer in the developing lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011145 abnormal mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation abnormal or arrest of differentiation of the mesenchymal cell population in the developing lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011146 abnormal mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001176 abnormal lung development anomaly in the ability of the differentiating lung mesenchymal cell population to undergo expansion by cell division in the developing lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011147 increased mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011146 abnormal mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development increase in the expansion rate of a lung mesenchymal cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011148 decreased mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011146 abnormal mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development reduction in the expansion rate of a lung mesenchymal cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011149 abnormal hippocampus stratum lacunosum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000813 abnormal hippocampus layer morphology any structural anomaly in the thin stratum in the hippocampus that is immediately deep to the molecular layer, and is superficial to the stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011150 abnormal hippocampus stratum oriens morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000813 abnormal hippocampus layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer that is part of the CA fields of the hippocampus consisting of a narrow relatively cell free layer located deep to the pyramidal cell layer extending through areas CA1, CA2 and CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011151 abnormal hippocampus stratum radiatum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000813 abnormal hippocampus layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer located immediately above the pyramidal cell layer in CA2 and CA1 and superficial to the stratum lucidum in CA3. Suprapyramidal region in which CA3 to CA3 associational connections and CA3 to CA1 Schaffer collateral connections are located http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011152 thick hippocampus molecular cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008286 abnormal hippocampus molecular cell layer increase in the width of the cytoarchitectural region of the hippocampus consisting of a composite of the two outermost layers of the hippocampus, the Stratum lacunosum-moleculare and the Stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011153 thick hippocampus stratum oriens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011150 abnormal hippocampus stratum oriens morphology increase in the width of the layer that is part of the CA fields of the hippocampus consisting of a narrow relatively cell free layer located deep to the pyramidal cell layer extending through areas CA1, CA2 and CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011154 thick hippocampus stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011151 abnormal hippocampus stratum radiatum morphology increase in the width of the layer located immediately above the pyramidal cell layer in CA2 and CA1 and superficial to the stratum lucidum in CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011155 absent hippocampus stratum oriens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011150 abnormal hippocampus stratum oriens morphology absence of the layer that is part of the CA fields of the hippocampus consisting of a narrow relatively cell free layer located deep to the pyramidal cell layer extending through areas CA1, CA2 and CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011156 abnormal hypodermis fat layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003705 abnormal hypodermis morphology any structural anomaly of the superficial portion of the subcutaneous tissue which is specialized for fat storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011157 abnormal hypodermis muscle layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003705 abnormal hypodermis morphology any structural anomaly of the skeletal muscle layer in the superficial fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011158 absent hypodermis muscle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011157 abnormal hypodermis muscle layer morphology absence of the skeletal muscle layer in the superficial fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011159 abnormal epidermal-dermal junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any structural anomaly of the multi-layer basement membrane between the dermis and epidermis that serves to adhere the dermis and epidermis, provide mechanical support for the epidermis, and forms a barrier to cells and large molecules across the junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011160 dermal-epidermal separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011159 abnormal epidermal-dermal junction morphology the appearance of gaps or clefts in the normally continuous junctional interface between the dermis and epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011161 increased hypodermis neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003711 pathological neovascularization new or excessive vessel proliferation in the irregular layer of loose connective tissue containing fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages, that is immediately deep to the skin and superficial to the deep fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011162 abnormal wet-to-dry lung weight ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005629 abnormal lung weight any deviation from the standard ratio, calculated by dividing the wet lung weight (measured immediately after lung excision) to the oven-dried lung weight, compared to control samples; may be used as an index of extravascular fluid accumulation (pulmonary edema) and/or tissue damage after lung injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011163 increased wet-to-dry lung weight ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011162 abnormal wet-to-dry lung weight ratio an increase in the ratio of wet lung weight (measured immediately after lung excision) to oven-dried lung weight relative to control samples; may reflect an inability to expel remaining amniotic fluid out of the lungs during or shortly after birth, or increased fluid accumulation (pulmonary edema) and/or tissue damage after lung injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011164 panniculitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020386 adipose tissue inflammation inflammation of the subcutaneous adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011165 abnormal tooth root development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030493 abnormal tooth root morphology aberrant or incomplete formation of the part of a tooth that is implanted in the gum; the root is normally located below the neck of the tooth, covered by cementum rather than enamel, and attached by the periodontal ligament to the alveolar bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011166 absent molar root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030495 absent tooth root absence of the part of a molar tooth that is implanted in the gum; mandibular and maxillary molars usually have two and three roots, respectively http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011167 abnormal adipose tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology anomaly in the process of the formation of the connective tissue composed of fat cells enmeshed in areolar tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011168 abnormal fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology abnormal or arrest of differentiation of fat-storing cells found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011169 abnormal white fat cell differentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011168 abnormal fat cell differentiation abnormal or arrest of differentiation of fat cells with light coloration and few mitochondria; these contain a scant ring of cytoplasm surrounding a single large lipid droplet or vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011170 abnormal brown fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011168 abnormal fat cell differentiation abnormal or arrest of differentiation of cells from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in newborns of many species, including humans, and in hibernating mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011171 increased number of Heinz bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology presence of intracellular inclusions usually attached to the red blood cell membrane, resulting from oxidative injury to and precipitation of hemoglobin in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011172 abnormal otic pit morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003938 abnormal ear development any structural anomaly of the pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011173 abnormal otic placode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003938 abnormal ear development any structural anomaly of two paired thickened areas of ectoderm close to the hindbrain from which the vestibular system and the auditory system develops; the otic placode invaginates into the mesenchyme adjacent to the rhombencephalon to form the otic pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011174 lipodystrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000003 abnormal adipose tissue morphology abnormal or degenerative conditions of the body's adipose tissue resulting in bodily or focal loss and the appearance of redistribution of fat tissue; adipose tissue loss may be total, partial, or localized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011175 platyspondylia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021136 abnormal vertebrae shape flatness of the bodies of the vertebrae; one or many vertebrae may be affected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011176 abnormal erythroblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002416 abnormal proerythroblast morphology any structural anomaly of the nucleated precursor of erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011177 abnormal erythroblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011176 abnormal erythroblast morphology altered number of the nucleated precursor of erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011178 increased erythroblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011177 abnormal erythroblast number greater number of the nucleated precursor of erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011179 decreased erythroblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011177 abnormal erythroblast number reduced number of the nucleated precursor of erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011183 abnormal primitive endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012103 abnormal bilaminar embryonic disk morphology any structural anomaly of the transient thin monolayer of cuboidal cells that comprise the lower layer of the bilaminar embryonic disk; the hypoblast cells contribute to several extraembryonic structures, but do not contribute to the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011184 absent embryonic epiblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003886 abnormal embryonic epiblast morphology absence of the transient structure derived from the inner cell mass which lies above the hypoblast; the epiblast tissue gives rise to the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, definitive endoderm, and mesoderm) and to the extraembryonic mesoderm of the visceral yolk sac, the allantois, and the amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011185 absent primitive endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011183 abnormal primitive endoderm morphology absence of the transient thin monolayer of cuboidal cells that comprise the lower layer of the bilaminar embryonic disk; the hypoblast cells contribute to several extraembryonic structures, but do not contribute to the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011186 abnormal visceral endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype any structural anomaly of the primitive endoderm-derived tissue which remains in contact with and surrounds the extra-embryonic ectoderm and the epiblast and provides signals for the differentiation and patterning of the epiblast; a small number of visceral endoderm cells also contribute to the endoderm of the embryonic gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011188 increased erythrocyte protoporphyrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004147 increased porphyrin level an accumulation of the intermediates of heme biosynthesis in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011189 small embryonic epiblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003886 abnormal embryonic epiblast morphology reduced size of the transient structure derived from the inner cell mass which lies above the hypoblast; the epiblast tissue gives rise to the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, definitive endoderm, and mesoderm) and to the extraembryonic mesoderm of the visceral yolk sac, the allantois, and the amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011190 thick embryonic epiblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003886 abnormal embryonic epiblast morphology increased thickness of the transient structure derived from the inner cell mass which lies above the hypoblast; the epiblast tissue gives rise to the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, definitive endoderm, and mesoderm) and to the extraembryonic mesoderm of the visceral yolk sac, the allantois, and the amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011191 increased embryonic epiblast cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013504 increased embryonic tissue cell apoptosis increase in the number of embryonic epiblast cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011192 decreased embryonic epiblast cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003886 abnormal embryonic epiblast morphology reduction in the expansion rate of the embryonic epiblast cells by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011193 embryonic epiblast cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003886 abnormal embryonic epiblast morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the cells comprising the transient structure derived from the inner cell mass which lies above the hypoblast; the epiblast tissue gives rise to the three primary germ layers (ectoderm, definitive endoderm, and mesoderm) and to the extraembryonic mesoderm of the visceral yolk sac, the allantois, and the amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011194 abnormal hair follicle physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010680 abnormal skin adnexa physiology any functional anomaly of the invagination of the epidermis from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011195 increased hair follicle apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011194 abnormal hair follicle physiology greater than expected levels of programmed cell death of cells in the epidermis from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011196 decreased hair follicle apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011194 abnormal hair follicle physiology reduced from expected levels of programmed cell death of cells in the epidermis from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011197 abnormal proamniotic cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the cavity of the developing embryo that is formed within the epiblast tissue prior to the closing of the proamniotic canal by the amniotic folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011198 absent proamniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011197 abnormal proamniotic cavity morphology absence of the cavity of the developing embryo that is formed within the epiblast tissue prior to the closing of the proamniotic canal by the amniotic folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011199 abnormal amniotic cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the closed space between the embryo and the amnion, containing the amniotic fluid; it is formed by the fusion of the parts of the anterior and posterior amniotic folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011200 abnormal extraembryonic coelom morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the fluid-filled spaces formed within the mass of extraembryonic mesoderm that later fuse to become a large extraembryonic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011201 abnormal visceral yolk sac cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the closed space containing the yolk, formed by the fusion of the edges of the embryonic epiblast (hypoblast) and later surrounded by the visceral yolk sac (hypoblast and visceral yolk sac mesoderm) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011202 abnormal ectoplacental cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011203 abnormal parietal yolk sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the tissue that consists of two cellular layers (parietal endoderm and trophoblast) separated by a relatively thick nonvascular basement membrane (Reichert's membrane), and acts as a protective layer to supports and facilitates transport of nutrients between the uterine tissue and the yolk sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011205 excessive folding of visceral yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001718 abnormal visceral yolk sac morphology the appearance of wrinkles or folds on the surface of the visceral yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011206 absent visceral yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001718 abnormal visceral yolk sac morphology absence of the extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011207 absent ectoplacental cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011202 abnormal ectoplacental cavity morphology absence of the closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011208 small proamniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011197 abnormal proamniotic cavity morphology reduced size of the cavity of the developing embryo that is formed within the epiblast tissue prior to the closing of the proamniotic canal by the amniotic folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011209 absent extraembryonic coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011200 abnormal extraembryonic coelom morphology absence of the fluid-filled spaces formed within the mass of extraembryonic mesoderm that later fuse to become a large extraembryonic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011210 abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the synovial articulation between the head of the mandibular condoyloid process and the mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011211 abnormal common peroneal nerve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology any structural anomaly of a nerve arising at the terminal division of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa and extending to the neck of the fibula, ultimately innervating the Peroneus muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011212 absent common peroneal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011211 abnormal common peroneal nerve morphology absence of the nerve arising at the terminal division of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa and extending to the neck of the fibula, ultimately innervating the Peroneus muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011213 abnormal brain copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003952 abnormal copper level an anomaly in the amount of copper present in brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011214 increased brain copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011213 abnormal brain copper level a greater accumulation of copper in the brain tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011215 decreased brain copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011213 abnormal brain copper level a reduced amount of copper in the brain tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011216 abnormal brainstem copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011213 abnormal brain copper level an anomaly in the amount of copper present in brainstem tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011217 increased brainstem copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011216 abnormal brainstem copper level a greater accumulation of copper in the brainstem tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011218 decreased brainstem copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011216 abnormal brainstem copper level a reduced amount of copper in the brainstem tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011219 abnormal intestinal calcium absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001670 abnormal intestinal mineral absorption any anomaly in the ability of the body to take up calcium into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011220 increased intestinal calcium absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011219 abnormal intestinal calcium absorption augmented ability of the body to take up calcium into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011221 decreased intestinal calcium absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011219 abnormal intestinal calcium absorption reduced ability of the body to take up calcium into the blood by absorption from the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011222 abnormal lymph node medullary sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002348 abnormal lymph node medulla morphology any structural anomaly of the channels in the lymph node medulla that separate the medullary cords and are crossed by a reticulum of cells and fibers and bounded by littoral cells; lymph flows through the medullary sinus from the cortical sinuses and into the efferent lymphatic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011223 dilated lymph node medullary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011222 abnormal lymph node medullary sinus morphology the luminal space of one or more lymph node medullary sinuses is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011224 abnormal lymph node medullary cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002348 abnormal lymph node medulla morphology any structural anomaly of the dense rope-like structures of lymphatic tissue located between the medullary sinuses in the medulla of a lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011225 lymph node medullary cord hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011224 abnormal lymph node medullary cord morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lymph node medullary cord, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011226 abnormal thiamin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005400 abnormal vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011227 abnormal vitamin B12 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005400 abnormal vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011228 abnormal vitamin D level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005401 abnormal fat-soluble vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of vitamin D, any of a group of related, fat-soluble compounds that are derived from delta-5,7 steroids and play a central role in calcium metabolism; specific forms of vitamin D include calciferol (ergocalciferol; vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (calciol; vitamin D3) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011229 abnormal vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005400 abnormal vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is a common co-factor and has anti-oxidant activities in many species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011230 abnormal folic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005400 abnormal vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of the vitamin B family member that stimulates the hematopoietic system, is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses, and is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011231 abnormal vitamin E level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005401 abnormal fat-soluble vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of vitamin E, tocopherol, including a series of eight structurally similar compounds; alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011232 abnormal vitamin A level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005401 abnormal fat-soluble vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid; animals can not synthesize vitamin A de novo, but form it through oxidative cleavage of carotenoids supplied in the diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011233 abnormal vitamin A metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013244 abnormal vitamin metabolism altered ability to metabolize any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid; animals can not synthesize vitamin A de novo, but form it through oxidative cleavage of carotenoids supplied in the diet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011234 abnormal retinol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011232 abnormal vitamin A level any anomaly in the concentration of retinol, which plays an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, and growth and differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011235 abnormal blood oxygen capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis the maximum amount of oxygen that will combine chemically with a given amount of hemoglobin in a unit volume of blood is not as expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011236 increased blood oxygen capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011235 abnormal blood oxygen capacity an increase in the maximum amount of oxygen that will combine chemically with a given amount of hemoglobin in a unit volume of blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011237 decreased blood oxygen capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011235 abnormal blood oxygen capacity a decrease in the maximum amount of oxygen that will combine chemically with a given amount of hemoglobin in a unit volume of blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011238 abnormal inner ear development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003938 abnormal ear development atypical initial production, differentiation, migration or maturation of the labyrinth, including the semicircular canals, vestibule and cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011240 abnormal fetal derived definitive erythrocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology any structural anomaly of a fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocyte, which matures in macrophage islands within the liver, enucleates, and then enters the bloodstream; these resemble adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemoglobins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011241 abnormal fetal derived definitive erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011240 abnormal fetal derived definitive erythrocyte morphology anomaly in the number of a fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocytes, which mature in macrophage islands within the liver, enucleate, and then enter the bloodstream; these resemble adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemoglobins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011242 increased fetal derived definitive erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011241 abnormal fetal derived definitive erythrocyte cell number increased number of fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocytes, which mature in macrophage islands within the liver, enucleate, and then enter the bloodstream; these resemble adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemoglobins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011243 decreased fetal derived definitive erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011241 abnormal fetal derived definitive erythrocyte cell number reduced number of fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocytes, which mature in macrophage islands within the liver, enucleate, and then enter the bloodstream; these resemble adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemoglobins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011244 absent fetal derived definitive erythrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011243 decreased fetal derived definitive erythrocyte cell number absence of fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocytes, which mature in macrophage islands within the liver, enucleate, and then enter the bloodstream; these resemble adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemoglobins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011245 abnormal fetal derived definitive erythrocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003656 abnormal erythrocyte physiology any functional anomaly of a fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocyte, which matures in macrophage islands within the liver, enucleates, and then enters the bloodstream; these resemble adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemoglobins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011246 abnormal fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004808 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell morphology any structural anomaly of a hematopoietic stem cell that resides in the fetal liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011247 abnormal yolk sac hematopoietic stem cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004808 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell morphology any structural anomaly of a hematopoietic stem found in the yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011248 visceral organ asymmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004133 heterotaxia lateral duplication of some or all internal organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011249 abdominal situs inversus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031284 abdominal situs abnormality lateral transposition or mirroring of the viscera of the abdomen, sometimes incomplete, with all organs maintaining the normal relative position with respect to each other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011250 abdominal situs ambiguus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031284 abdominal situs abnormality an abnormality in which the abdominal organs are positioned in such a way with respect to each other and the left-right axis as to be not clearly lateralised and thus have neither the usual, or normal (situs solitus), nor the mirror-imaged (situs inversus) arrangements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011251 bronchial situs inversus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010854 lung situs inversus anomaly in the asymmetry of the bronchi of the lung such that these structures on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the opposite side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011252 situs inversus totalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002766 situs inversus the complete right to left reversal (transposition) of the thoracic and abdominal organs, including the heart (dextrocardia) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011253 situs inversus with levocardia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002766 situs inversus situs inversus of thoracic and abdominal viscera with the heart remaining normally situated on the left; usually associated with congenital cardiac abnormalities such as transposition of the great vessels and/or spleen defects including asplenia or polysplenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011254 superior-inferior ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006065 abnormal heart position or orientation an abnormality in which the heart ventricles are in a superior-inferior relationship due to abnormal displacement of the ventricular mass along the horizontal plane of its long axis; this frequently occurs together with criss-cross atrio-ventricular relationships http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011255 abnormal anterior visceral endoderm cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012028 abnormal visceral endoderm physiology any anomaly in the movement of the cells of the extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011256 abnormal neural fold morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the elevated margins of the neural groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011257 abnormal head fold morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future cephalic end of the developing embryo; it constitutes the first body fold, and initiates brain, foregut and heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011258 abnormal tail fold morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future caudal end of the developing embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011259 abnormal cephalic neural fold morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011256 abnormal neural fold morphology any structural anomaly of the elevated margins of the neural groove that are located in the future cephalic region of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011261 abnormal limb mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology any structural anomaly in the primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing limbs, autopods and digits, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to limb connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with myotome cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011262 abnormal pharyngeal arch mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly in the primordial embryonic connective tissue associated with the branchial arches, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to facial and cranial nerve-associated structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011263 abnormal spleen mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009323 abnormal spleen development any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011264 abnormal cardiac mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing cardiac structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011265 abnormal pancreas mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003934 abnormal pancreas development any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011266 abnormal frontonasal mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the frontonasal region of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011267 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002910 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic currents anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) or shape of the evoked excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011268 biphasic excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011267 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude the appearance of two peaks instead of one peak in the evoked excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011269 increased excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011267 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the evoked excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011270 decreased excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011267 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude reduction in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the evoked excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011271 prolonged excitatory postsynaptic current rise time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002910 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic currents an increase in the time required for a signal to change from resting to the peak amplitude value in the evoked excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011272 short excitatory postsynaptic current rise time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002910 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic currents a decrease in the time required for a signal to change from resting to the peak amplitude value in the evoked excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011273 prolonged excitatory postsynaptic current decay time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002910 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic currents increase in the retention time of extracellular glutamate following stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011274 short excitatory postsynaptic current decay time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002910 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic currents decrease in the retention time of extracellular glutamate following stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011275 abnormal behavioral response to light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior unexpected change in the activity of an organism (in terms of movement, outward responses) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011276 increased tail pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005174 abnormal tail pigmentation visually detectable excess of pigment present on the tail surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011277 decreased tail pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005408 hypopigmentation visually detectable dilution of pigment present on the tail surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011278 increased ear pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001188 hyperpigmentation visually detectable excess of pigment present in the outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011279 decreased ear pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005408 hypopigmentation visually detectable dilution of pigment present in the outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011280 abnormal flank coat pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation irregular or unusual pigmentation of the hair between the last rib and the hip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011281 abnormal olfactory epithelium cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013205 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the cilia of the epithelial cells that line the interior of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011282 increased podocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011368 increased kidney apoptosis increase in the number of podocytes undergoing programmed cell death; podocyte apoptosis is an early step in the pathophysiological progression to proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011283 abnormal erythropoietin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomalous fluid or tissue concentration of a sialic acid-containing glycoprotein hormone that enhances erythropoiesis and participates in wound healing; it is formed in the kidney and liver and can be detected in plasma and urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011284 abnormal circulating erythropoietin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011283 abnormal erythropoietin level anomalous blood concentration of a sialic acid-containing glycoprotein hormone that enhances erythropoiesis and participates in wound healing; it is formed in the kidney and liver and can be detected in plasma and urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011285 increased circulating erythropoietin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011287 increased erythropoietin level greater blood concentration of a sialic acid-containing glycoprotein hormone that enhances erythropoiesis and participates in wound healing; it is formed in the kidney and liver and can be detected in plasma and urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011286 decreased circulating erythropoietin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011288 decreased erythropoietin level reduced blood concentration of a sialic acid-containing glycoprotein hormone that enhances erythropoiesis and participates in wound healing; it is formed in the kidney and liver and can be detected in plasma and urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011287 increased erythropoietin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011283 abnormal erythropoietin level greater fluid or tissue concentration of a sialic acid-containing glycoprotein hormone that enhances erythropoiesis and participates in wound healing; it is formed in the kidney and liver and can be detected in plasma and urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011288 decreased erythropoietin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011283 abnormal erythropoietin level reduced fluid or tissue concentration of a sialic acid-containing glycoprotein hormone that enhances erythropoiesis and participates in wound healing; it is formed in the kidney and liver and can be detected in plasma and urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011289 abnormal nephron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology anomaly in the total number of the filtering units of the kidney; nephron number can be used as an index of the efficiency of ureteric branching and nephrogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011290 decreased nephron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011289 abnormal nephron number reduction in the total number of filtering units of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011291 nephron necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003946 renal necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of nephron tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011292 absent nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology complete absence of functional filtering units in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011293 dilated nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the filtering units of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011294 renal glomerulus hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology increase in the bulk size of the capillary loops of the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit, due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011295 abnormal tubuloglomerular feedback response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any anomaly in the blood flow control mechanism that is operated in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney and involved in renal autoregulation by limiting changes in the glomerular filtration rate. TGF responds to changes in the concentration of NaCl in the tubular fluid at the level of the macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011296 decreased tubuloglomerular feedback response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011295 abnormal tubuloglomerular feedback response attenuation of the blood flow control mechanism that is operated in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney and involved in renal autoregulation by limiting changes in the glomerular filtration rate. TGF responds to changes in the concentration of NaCl in the tubular fluid at the level of the macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011297 absent tubuloglomerular feedback response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011295 abnormal tubuloglomerular feedback response absence of the blood flow control mechanism that is operated in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney and involved in renal autoregulation by limiting changes in the glomerular filtration rate. TGF responds to changes in the concentration of NaCl in the tubular fluid at the level of the macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011298 ureter hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ureter, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011299 abnormal macula densa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004757 abnormal distal convoluted tubule morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized group of densely packed epithelial cells marking the origin of the convoluted portion of the distal tubule of a nephron, in contact with the afferent arteriole of the renal corpuscle and contiguous with the juxtaglomerular cells; these cells are tall, thin and columnar, have prominent nuclei, and act as sensors of solute concentration and flow of tubular fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011300 abnormal juxtaglomerular cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002829 abnormal juxtaglomerular apparatus morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized smooth muscle cells that synthesize, store, and secrete renin and are found in the wall of each afferent arteriole of a kidney glomerulus near its point of entry adjacent to a macula densa; J-G cells are distinguished by their granulated cytoplasm and play a critical role in the renin-angiotensin system and thus in renal autoregulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011301 juxtaglomerular cell hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011300 abnormal juxtaglomerular cell morphology increased number of the specialized smooth muscle cells that synthesize, store, and secrete renin and are found in the wall of each afferent arteriole of a kidney glomerulus near its point of entry adjacent to a macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011302 abnormal extraglomerular mesangial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011340 abnormal extraglomerular mesangium morphology any structural anomaly of the light-staining cells in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole and macula densa; lacis cells form the juxtaglomerular apparatus in combination with two other types of cells: the macula densa of the distal convoluted tubule and juxtaglomerular cells of the afferent arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011303 absent kidney papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004193 abnormal kidney papilla morphology absence of the apex (tip) of a renal pyramid i.e. the location where each medullary pyramid empties urine into a minor calyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011304 kidney papillary atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004193 abnormal kidney papilla morphology acquired diminution of the size of the apex (tip) of a renal pyramid associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011305 dilated kidney calyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004195 abnormal kidney calyx morphology an expansion in the lumen volume or area of one or more of the branches of the renal pelvis that surround each renal papilla and collect urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011306 absent kidney pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004194 abnormal kidney pelvis morphology absence of the funnel shaped proximal portion of the ureter, normally formed by convergence of the major calices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011307 kidney medulla cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003675 kidney cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in the kidney medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011308 kidney corticomedullary cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011376 abnormal kidney corticomedullary boundary morphology presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in the corticomedullary junction of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011309 abnormal kidney arterial blood vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that supply blood to the renal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011310 abnormal kidney capillary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003658 abnormal capillary morphology any structural anomaly of the small branching blood vessels in the kidney that form a network between the arterioles and venules, where the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other nutrient and waste chemical substances occurs between the blood and the surrounding tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011311 abnormal kidney venous blood vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that return blood from the renal tissues to the systemic circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011312 abnormal kidney afferent arteriole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011309 abnormal kidney arterial blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery, convey blood to the glomerular capillaries, and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011313 abnormal kidney efferent arteriole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011309 abnormal kidney arterial blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessels that convey blood from the glomerulocapillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011314 abnormal kidney cortex artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011309 abnormal kidney arterial blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that supplies blood to the renal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011315 abnormal kidney arcuate artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011314 abnormal kidney cortex artery morphology any structural anomaly of the curved arteries at the corticomedullary border of the kidney that arise from the interlobar arteries and give rise to the interlobular arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011316 abnormal kidney interlobular artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011314 abnormal kidney cortex artery morphology any structural anomaly of the branches of the arcuate arteries of the kidney that radiate outward throught the renal columns and supply the glomeruli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011317 abnormal renal artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011309 abnormal kidney arterial blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the pair of major vessels which arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood; small branches of the renal artery also supply the suprarenal gland, the ureter and some surrounding tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011318 abnormal right renal artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011317 abnormal renal artery morphology any structural anomaly of the major vessel which arises off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supplies the right kidney with blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011319 abnormal left renal artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011317 abnormal renal artery morphology any structural anomaly of the major vessel which arises off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supplies the left kidney with blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011320 abnormal glomerular capillary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011310 abnormal kidney capillary morphology any structural anomaly of the small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles; these capillaries are under high pressure for filtering within the glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011321 abnormal peritubular capillary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011310 abnormal kidney capillary morphology any structural anomaly of the tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus, and interact with superficial cortical nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron; peritubular capillaries are situated around the tubule and are at low pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011322 abnormal kidney cortex vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011311 abnormal kidney venous blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that receives blood from the renal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011323 abnormal renal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011311 abnormal kidney venous blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the pair of major vessels which arise from the renal hilus and return blood from the kidneys, suprarenal gland and the ureter to the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011324 abnormal kidney vasa recta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000530 abnormal kidney vasculature morphology any structural anomaly in the straight arteries and arterioles that form a series of straight capillaries in the kidney medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011325 abnormal kidney arcuate vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011322 abnormal kidney cortex vein morphology any structural anomaly of the veins that parallel the arcuate arteries, receive blood from the interlobular veins and straight venules, and terminate in the interlobar veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011326 abnormal interlobular vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011322 abnormal kidney cortex vein morphology any structural anomaly of the veins that parallel the interlobular arteries, receiving blood from the peritubular capillary plexus and empty into the arcuate veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011327 abnormal left renal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011323 abnormal renal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the longer of the two renal veins that receives blood from the left kidney; the left renal vein usually receives the left inferior phrenic vein, the left suprarenal vein, the left gonadal vein (left testicular vein in males, left ovarian vein in females) and the left second lumbar vein whereas these veins on the right side drain directly into the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011328 abnormal right renal vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011323 abnormal renal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the shorter of the two renal veins that receives blood from the right kidney; the left renal vein usually receives the left inferior phrenic vein, the left suprarenal vein, the left gonadal vein (left testicular vein in males, left ovarian vein in females) and the left second lumbar vein whereas these veins on the right side drain directly into the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011329 abnormal inner renal medulla vasa recta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011324 abnormal kidney vasa recta morphology any structural anomaly in the vasa recta in the inner renal medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011330 abnormal kidney outer medulla vasa recta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011332 abnormal kidney outer medulla morphology any structural anomaly in the vasa recta in the kidney outer medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011331 abnormal papillary duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004754 abnormal kidney collecting duct morphology any structural anomaly of the largest straight excretory ducts in the kidney medulla and papillae that are a continuation of the collecting tubules, and that open into the area cribosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011332 abnormal kidney outer medulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology any structural anomaly of the outer medullary region of the adult kidney containing the short Loops of Henle and collecting ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011334 abnormal nephrogenic zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000527 abnormal kidney development any structural anomaly in the region found at the periphery of the developing metanephros within which the metanephric mesenchyme aggregates around the tips of the ureteric tree to form the nephrons; in rodents including mice, this region normally disappears within the first postnatal week when nephrogenesis ceases and only mature nephrons are present; in humans, it is lost by 36 weeks of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011335 abnormal kidney pelvis smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011426 abnormal ureter smooth muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the urothelium of the kidney pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011336 abnormal kidney pelvis urothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004194 abnormal kidney pelvis morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the kidney pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011337 abnormal perihilar interstitium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011425 abnormal kidney interstitium morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the renal interstitium surrounding the pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011338 abnormal mesangial matrix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011339 abnormal glomerular mesangium morphology any structural anomaly of the extracellular matrix secreted by intraglomerular mesangial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011339 abnormal glomerular mesangium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology any structural anomaly of the inner layer of the glomerulus within the basement membrane surrounding the glomerular capillaries that contain the intraglomerular mesangial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011340 abnormal extraglomerular mesangium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002827 abnormal renal corpuscle morphology any structural anomaly of the tissue comprised of mesangial cells that fill the triangular space between the macula densa and the afferent and efferent arterioles of the juxtaglomerular apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011341 abnormal loop of Henle descending limb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004755 abnormal loop of Henle morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the renal tubule that constitutes the proximal part of the loop of Henle, has low permeability to ions and urea, and is highly permeable to water; it consists of an initial short thick segment lined by low simple cuboidal epithelium and a long thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium; however, this distinction is not as important physiologically as in the ascending limb, so often the two are treated as one structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011342 abnormal loop of Henle ascending limb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004755 abnormal loop of Henle morphology any structural anomaly of the distal part of the loop of Henle that is impermeable to water and actively pumps sodium out of the filtrate to generate the hypertonic interstitium that drives countercurrent exchange; it consists of an initial very thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium followed by a distal thick segment lined by simple cuboidal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011343 abnormal loop of Henle ascending limb thin segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011342 abnormal loop of Henle ascending limb morphology any structural anomaly of the initial sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle localized in the juxtamedullary nephron of the kidney; it is lined by simple squamous epithelium, impermeable to water but permeable to ions and other small particles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011344 abnormal loop of Henle ascending limb thick segment morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011342 abnormal loop of Henle ascending limb morphology any structural anomaly of the distal sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle which is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and enters the renal cortex to empty a hypotonic filtrate into the distal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011345 truncated loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004755 abnormal loop of Henle morphology failure of the developing loop of Henle to elongate and extend into the medullary zone of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011346 renal tubule atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004970 kidney atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the loops of Henle, the proximal convoluted tubule or the distal convoluted tubule associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011347 abnormal kidney medullary ray morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000521 abnormal kidney cortex morphology any structural anomaly in the center of a renal, cortical lobule, consisting of the ascending or descending limbs of the loop of Henle or of the collecting tubules; medullary rays are regions where parallel arrays of straight tubules travel perpendicular to the capsule and extend from the cortex to the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011348 abnormal renal glomerulus basement membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002827 abnormal renal corpuscle morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011349 abnormal renal glomerulus basement membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011348 abnormal renal glomerulus basement membrane morphology increased or decreased width of the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011350 abnormal proximal convoluted tubule brush border morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004756 abnormal proximal convoluted tubule morphology any structural anomaly of the densely packed microvilli that cover the luminal surface of epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule; microvilli increase the luminal surface area of cells, sense the fluid flow in the tubule lumen and convert this information via biochemical responses into reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011351 absent proximal convoluted tubule brush border http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011350 abnormal proximal convoluted tubule brush border morphology failure to form a brush border of densely packed microvilli on the luminal surface of epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011352 proximal convoluted tubule brush border loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011350 abnormal proximal convoluted tubule brush border morphology attenuation or degeneration of the microvillus brush border normally present on the luminal surface of epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule; may be associated with renal tubular injury and/or cystic changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011353 expanded mesangial matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011338 abnormal mesangial matrix morphology increase in the amount of mesangial matrix present in the basement membrane surrounding the glomerular capillaries that also contain the intraglomerular mesangial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011354 absent renal glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology complete absence of the tuft formed of capillary loops and mesangium at the beginning of each nephretic tubule in the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011355 abnormal kidney interlobar artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011309 abnormal kidney arterial blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the branches of the segmental arteries of the kidney that cross between the renal lobes and give rise to the arculate arteries in the cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011356 renal artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011317 abnormal renal artery morphology diffuse constriction or narrowing of one or both renal arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011357 supernumerary renal arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011317 abnormal renal artery morphology two or more arteries branch from the abdominal aorta and supply a single kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011358 renal artery aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011317 abnormal renal artery morphology a protruding sac formed by the dilation of the wall of a renal artery, resulting from a weakening of the vessel wall or heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011359 decreased glomerular capillary number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011320 abnormal glomerular capillary morphology reduced number of the small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011360 kidney cortex hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000521 abnormal kidney cortex morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the kidney cortex, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011361 pelvic kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003600 ectopic kidney an ectopic kidney located outside the renal fossa and within the pelvic cavity; pelvic kidneys may also, on occasion, occur as fused midline horseshoe kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011362 ectopic adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology an adrenal gland located outside of its normal position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011363 renal glomerulus atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004970 kidney atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the capillary loops of the kidney associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011364 abnormal metanephros morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000527 abnormal kidney development any structural anomaly of the primordium of the permanent kidney, which develops later than and caudal to the mesonephros, from the mesonephric duct and nephrogenic cord; the metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011365 small metanephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011364 abnormal metanephros morphology reduced size of the primordium of the permanent kidney, which develops later than and caudal to the mesonephros, from the mesonephric duct and nephrogenic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011366 absent metanephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011364 abnormal metanephros morphology absence of the primordium of the permanent kidney, which develops later than and caudal to the mesonephros, from the mesonephric duct and nephrogenic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011367 abnormal kidney apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology change in the timing or the number of kidney cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011369 increased renal glomerulus apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011368 increased kidney apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the kidney glomerulus undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011370 increased mesangial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011368 increased kidney apoptosis increase in the number of phagocytic cells in the capillary tuft of the renal glomerulus undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011371 decreased kidney apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011367 abnormal kidney apoptosis decrease in the number of cells of the kidney undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011372 decreased renal tubule apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011371 decreased kidney apoptosis decrease in the number of renal tubule cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011373 decreased mesangial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011371 decreased kidney apoptosis decrease in the number of phagocytic cells in the capillary tuft of the renal glomerulus undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011374 decreased podocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011371 decreased kidney apoptosis decrease in the number of podocytes undergoing programmed cell death; podocyte apoptosis is an early step in the pathophysiological progression to proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011375 decreased renal glomerulus apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011371 decreased kidney apoptosis decrease in the number of cells of the kidney glomerulus undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011376 abnormal kidney corticomedullary boundary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the region demarcating the renal medulla from the surrounding cortex; end-stage renal failure may be associated with loss of the normal corticomedullary boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011377 renal glomerulus fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology formation of fibrous tissue in the renal glomerulus as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011378 abnormal kidney outer medulla inner stripe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011332 abnormal kidney outer medulla morphology any structural anomaly of the deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla that is traversed by thin descending and thick ascending portions of the loops of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011379 abnormal kidney outer medulla outer stripe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011332 abnormal kidney outer medulla morphology any structural anomaly of the region of the kidney outer medulla that lies just below the cortex; the proximal straight tubules are present in this region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011380 enlarged brain ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013229 abnormal brain ventricle size increased size of one or more of the four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011381 abnormal kidney lobe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of a kidney consisting of a renal medullary pyramid and the renal cortex above it; human kidneys have multilobar (multipyramidal) architecture while mice and rats have unilobar (unipyramidal) kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011382 abnormal kidney lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of a renal lobe consisting of nephrons grouped around a single medullary ray and draining into a single collecting duct; human kidneys have multilobular, multipapillary architecture while mice and rats have unilobular, unipapillary kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011383 abnormal kidney capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology any structural anomaly of the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney which is covered in a thick layer of perirenal adipose tissue that functions to provide some protection from trauma and damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011384 abnormal progesterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomaly in the concentration of the antiestrogenic steroid released by the corpus luteum that stimulates the uterus to prepare for pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011385 abnormal testosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomaly in the concentration of a potent androgen that promotes development of male secondary sex characteristics and the development of spermatozoa and may regulate sexual desire and help maintain bone and muscle health in both males and females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011386 increased metanephric mesenchyme apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010984 abnormal metanephric mesenchyme morphology increase in the number of cells of the metanephric mesenchyme (MM) undergoing programmed cell death; usually due to failure of MM cells to interact with the ureteric bud (UB) tips after UB invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011387 absent metanephric mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010984 abnormal metanephric mesenchyme morphology absence of the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing metanephros; normally, interactions between the ureteric bud and the metanephric mesenchyme lead to the initiation of outgrowth and repetitive branching of the UB that ultimately generates the definitive renal collecting system and induces formation of renal vesicles from the mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011388 absent heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology absence of the hollow, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011389 absent optic disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008259 abnormal optic disk morphology absence of the area in the retina where all of the axons of the ganglion cells exit the retina to form the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011391 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011390 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte physiology change in the timing or the number of fetal cardiomyocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011392 increased fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011391 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis increase in the number of fetal cardiomyocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011393 decreased fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011391 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte apoptosis reduction in the number of fetal cardiomyocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011394 increased fetal cardiomyocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003567 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte proliferation increase in the ability of the differentiating cardiac muscle cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011395 decreased fetal cardiomyocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003567 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte proliferation reduced ability of the differentiating cardiac muscle cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011397 endoneurial edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology an excessive accumulation of serous fluid in the interstitial connective tissue of a peripheral nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011398 abnormal endoneurial fluid pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology measureable anomalies in the fluid of the ganglia and peripheral nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord which may interfere with normal nerve physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011399 increased endoneurial fluid pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011398 abnormal endoneurial fluid pressure a measureable increase of serous fluid in the interstitial connective tissue of a peripheral nerve which may interefere with normal nerve physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011400 lethality, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival all individuals of a given genotype in a population die before the end of the normal lifespan but time(s) of death are unspecified http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011401 abnormal vascular smooth muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005592 abnormal vascular smooth muscle morphology anomaly in the process of forming the nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue of the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011402 renal cast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology any of the various casts formed from gelled protein precipitated in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of nephrons and molded to the tubular or duct lumen which dislodge and pass into the urine; types named for their constituent material include acellular casts (e.g. granular, hyaline, waxy, or fatty casts) and cellular casts (e.g. red or white blood cell casts) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011403 pyelonephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001859 kidney inflammation a diffuse pyogenic infection of the pelvis and parenchyma of the kidney; an ascending urinary tract infection that has reached the pyelum or pelvis of the kidney usually resulting from noncontagious bacterial infection of the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011404 pyelitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001859 kidney inflammation acute inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney, caused by bacterial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011405 tubulointerstitial nephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001859 kidney inflammation diffuse or local inflammation and edema of the interstitial tissue of the kidney, including the renal tubules; usually secondary to drug sensitization, systemic infection, graft rejection, or autoimmune disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011406 abnormal retrotrapezoid nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000846 abnormal medulla oblongata morphology any structural anomaly in the loose collection of neurons that reside in the rostral medulla close to the medullary surface, ventral and immediately caudal of nVII, that are crucial for CO2 sensing in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011407 absent nephrogenic zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011334 abnormal nephrogenic zone morphology absence of the region found at the periphery of the developing metanephros within which the metanephric mesenchyme aggregates around the tips of the ureteric tree to form the nephrons;in rodents including mice, this region normally persists for a few days postnatally, although it is lost in humans by 36 weeks of gestation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011408 renal tubule hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002703 abnormal renal tubule morphology increase in the bulk size of the loop of Henle, the proximal convoluted tubule or the distal convoluted tubule, due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011409 increased renal glomerulus basement membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011349 abnormal renal glomerulus basement membrane thickness increased width of the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011410 ectopic testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology one or both of the testes located outside the normal pathway of descent into the scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011411 abnormal gonadal ridge morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme found on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros in which the primordial germ cells become embedded, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011412 gonadal ridge hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011411 abnormal gonadal ridge morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gonadal ridge, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011413 colorless urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003619 abnormal urine color absence of the usual straw-coloration of the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011414 erythruria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003619 abnormal urine color passage of red colored urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011415 abnormal aldosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomaly in the concentration of the hormone that is secreted by the adrenal cortex and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion in the distal renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011416 abnormal testis interstitial tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology any structural anomaly of the delicate connective tissue stroma that separates the seminiferous tubules and contains clusters of endocrine Leydig cells which secrete testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011417 abnormal renal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any anomaly of the directed movement of substances through the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011418 leukocyturia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis presence of white blood cells in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011419 erythrocyturia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005161 hematuria presence of red blood cells in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011420 pyuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis presence of pus in the urine when voided; a sign of inflammation often related to urinary tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011421 cylindruria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis presence of renal cylinders or casts in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011422 kidney medulla atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004970 kidney atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011423 kidney cortex atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004970 kidney atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the outer portion of the kidney located between the renal capsule and the renal medulla, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011424 decreased urine uric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009809 abnormal urine uric acid level abnormally low amount in the urine of the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, but which in rodents and most other mammals is normally is further oxidized by uricase to allantoin that is excreted in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011426 abnormal ureter smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the epithelium of the ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011427 increased mesangial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005327 abnormal mesangial cell morphology increased number of the phagocytic cells in the capillary tuft of the renal glomerulus, interposed between endothelial cells and the basement membrane in the central or stalk region of the tuft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011428 decreased mesangial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005327 abnormal mesangial cell morphology decreased number of the phagocytic cells in the capillary tuft of the renal glomerulus, interposed between endothelial cells and the basement membrane in the central or stalk region of the tuft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011429 absent mesangial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011428 decreased mesangial cell number absence of the phagocytic cells in the capillary tuft of the renal glomerulus, normally interposed between endothelial cells and the basement membrane in the central or stalk region of the tuft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011430 mesangiolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011339 abnormal glomerular mesangium morphology an injurious glomerular process that affects primarily the mesangium, starting with loosening and detachment of its matrix and progressing to dissolution/attenuation with degeneration of mesangial cells; mesangial cells may show only edema and vacuolization, or may undergo severe degeneration and necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011431 increased urine flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination increased volume of urine produced in a specified period of time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011432 decreased urine flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination reduced volume of urine produced in a specified period of time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011433 glomerular capillary congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000532 kidney vascular congestion obstruction of the normal flux of blood within the renal glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011434 abnormal urine magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of magnesium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011435 increased urine magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011434 abnormal urine magnesium level higher than normal amount of magnesium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011436 decreased urine magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011434 abnormal urine magnesium level lower than normal amount of magnesium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011437 glomerulus hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000533 kidney hemorrhage bleeding in the renal glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011438 absent kidney medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003014 abnormal kidney medulla morphology failure of the inner portion of the kidney, normally consisting of the renal pyramids, to form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011439 abnormal kidney cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology anomaly in the ability of any kidney cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011440 increased kidney cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011439 abnormal kidney cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of any kidney cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011441 decreased kidney cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011439 abnormal kidney cell proliferation decrease in the expansion rate of any kidney cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011442 abnormal renal sodium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011417 abnormal renal transport any anomaly in the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) by the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011443 abnormal renal water transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011444 abnormal renal water homeostasis any anomaly in the directed movement of water (H2O) by the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011444 abnormal renal water homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any anomaly in the kidney processes involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011445 abnormal renal protein reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010107 abnormal renal reabsorption any anomaly in the process in which proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011446 abnormal renal albumin reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011445 abnormal renal protein reabsorption any anomaly in the process in which albumin is taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011447 abnormal renal glucose reabsorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010107 abnormal renal reabsorption any anomaly in the process in which glucose is taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011448 decreased dopaminergic neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008948 decreased neuron number fewer than normal numbers of the neurons that utilize dopamine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011449 increased dopaminergic neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008947 increased neuron number greater than normal numbers of the neurons that utilize dopamine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011450 ectopic dopaminergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011723 ectopic neuron abnormal location of one or more of the neurons that utilize dopamine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011451 increased susceptibility to dopaminergic neuron neurotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008235 increased susceptibility to neuronal excitotoxicity greater than normal amount of dopaminergic neuronal cell death following exposure to a neurotoxic compound, such as MPTP-induced cell death occurring through interference in mitochondrial metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011452 decreased susceptibility to dopaminergic neuron neurotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008236 decreased susceptibility to neuronal excitotoxicity less than normal amount of dopaminergic neuronal cell death following exposure to a neurotoxic compound, such as MPTP-induced cell death occurring through interference in mitochondrial metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011453 abnormal glomerular capillary endothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011320 abnormal glomerular capillary morphology any structural anomaly of the thin, extremely flattened layer of cells that line the interior surface of glomerular capillaries and is densely perforated by large transcellular pores (aka fenestrae or fenestrations) that, unlike those of other fenestrated capillaries, are generally thought to lack diaphragms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011454 abnormal glomerular endothelium fenestra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011453 abnormal glomerular capillary endothelium morphology any structural anomaly of the large plasma membrane-lined circular pores that perforate the flattened glomerular endothelium and, unlike those of other fenestrated capillaries, are not spanned by diaphragms; the density and size of glomerular fenestrae account, at least in part, for the high permeability of the glomerular capillary wall to water and small solutes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011455 absent glomerular endothelium fenestra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011454 abnormal glomerular endothelium fenestra morphology absence of the large plasma membrane-lined circular pores that normally perforate the flattened glomerular endothelium; loss of fenestrae may lead to a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate or proteinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011456 abnormal ureter ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology any anomaly in the development of the elongated stalk of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter; the ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011457 abnormal metanephric ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology any anomaly in the development of the portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011458 abnormal urine chloride ion level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012007 abnormal chloride level any change in the amount of chloride ion in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011497 abnormal glomerular capsule visceral layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002828 abnormal renal glomerular capsule morphology any structural anomaly of the inner layer of the glomerular capsule surrounding the capillary endothelial cells and composed of highly specialized epithelial cells (podocytes) that are separated by filtration slits; the visceral layer is separated from the outer parietal layer by the urinary space (also known as the Bowman's or capsular space) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011514 skin hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology bleeding into the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011518 abnormal cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003091 abnormal cell migration any anomaly in the directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient; movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011566 abnormal complement protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level deviation from the normal levels, or accumulation of the proteins that act sequentially to allow for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011572 abnormal aorta bulb morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009867 abnormal ascending aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the left ventricular outflow tract delineated by the sinotubular ridge superiorly and the bases of the valve leaflets inferiorly; it comprises the aortic sinuses, the aortic valve leaflets, the commissures, and the interleaflet triangles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011648 thick heart valve cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology an increase in the heart cusp wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011804 increased cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003091 abnormal cell migration increased or faster movement of cells from one site to another, often occurring during developmental or chemotactic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011805 decreased cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003091 abnormal cell migration reduced or slower movement of cells from one site to another, often occurring during developmental or chemotactic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011832 abnormal visual acuity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision any abnormality in the spatial resolution or resolving power of the visual processing system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011888 abnormal circulating total protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level total circulating protein concentration is outside the normal range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011926 abnormal heart valve physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology any functional anomaly of the membranous folds of the heart that prevent reflux of fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011932 abnormal endocrine pancreas development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003934 abnormal pancreas development anomaly in the formation of the smaller portion of the pancreas that secretes a number of hormones into the blood stream that are produced by the cells in the islets of Langerhans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011961 abnormal cornea thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031498 abnormal cornea size increased or decreased width of the cornea in the center plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011996 abnormal retina inner nuclear layer thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003733 abnormal retina inner nuclear layer morphology anomaly in the thickness of the retinal layer that contains the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011997 abnormal retina outer nuclear layer thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003731 abnormal retina outer nuclear layer morphology anomaly in the thickness of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012028 abnormal visceral endoderm physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005380 embryo phenotype any functional anomaly of the primitive endoderm-derived tissue which remains in contact with and surrounds the extra-embryonic ectoderm and the epiblast and provides signals for the differentiation and patterning of the epiblast; a small number of visceral endoderm cells also contribute to the endoderm of the embryonic gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012056 abnormal polar trophectoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005028 abnormal trophectoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the trophectoderm portion that surrounds the inner cell mass (ICM); unlike mural trophectoderm cells which stop proliferating and become large polyploid cells (the primary trophoblastic giant cells) by endoreduplication, polar trophectoderm cells remain diploid, continue to proliferate and give rise to both the ectoplacental cone and the extraembryonic ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012057 abnormal mural trophectoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005028 abnormal trophectoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the trophectoderm portion distal to the ICM that overlays the blastocyst cavity and gives rise to polyploid trophoblast giant cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012079 abnormal spinal reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex any anomaly in the reflexive action mediated by cells of the spinal cord, or the involuntary movement reaction caused by the application of a stimulus to an organism; these include signals originating from heat from burning, sharp sensations, and other painful feelings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012176 abnormal head development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology anomaly in the process in which the anatomical structures of the head are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012227 decreased brain sterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012225 decreased sterol level reduced level in the brain of any of a group of predominantly unsaturated solid alcohols of the steroid group, usually with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the third carbon atom, and are present in the fatty tissues of plants and animals; sterols may be found either as free sterols, acylated, alkylated, sulfated, or linked to a glycoside moiety which can be itself acylated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012228 increased brain sterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012226 increased sterol level greater level in the brain of any of a group of predominantly unsaturated solid alcohols of the steroid group, usually with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the third carbon atom, and are present in the fatty tissues of plants and animals; sterols may be found either as free sterols, acylated, alkylated, sulfated, or linked to a glycoside moiety which can be itself acylated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012230 abnormal sphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level anomaly in the amount of any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012253 abnormal intersomitic vessel morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the primary blood vessel sprouts that originate from the dorsal aorta and posterior cardinal vein and align dorsoventrally at the myotomal boundaries between somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012316 enhanced conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning enhanced ability to change behavior in response to a reward or punishment each time an action is performed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012317 impaired conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning impaired ability to change behavior in response to a reward or punishment each time an action is performed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012397 abnormal nucleated erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology abnormal numbers of nucleated red blood cells at stages when these cells are normally replaced by mature, enucleated, red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012416 decreased gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in a gland in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012421 decreased hepatobiliary system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the hepatobiliary system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012422 decreased integument system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the integument system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012424 decreased alimentary system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the alimentary system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012533 uveal coloboma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005262 coloboma congenital defect of the uvea in which some part of the structure is absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012547 spina bifida cystica http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst spinal bifida in which a hernial cyst containing meninges (meningocele), spinal cord (myelocele), or both (myelomeningocele) protrudes through a congenital cleft in the vertebral column; the protruding sac is encased in a layer of skin or a fine membrane that readily ruptures, causing leakage of cerebrospinal fluid and an increased risk of meningeal infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012555 decreased cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000313 abnormal cell death decreased occurrence of the cessation of function at the cellular level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012556 increased cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000313 abnormal cell death increased occurrence of the cessation of function at the cellular level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012574 decreased noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003964 abnormal noradrenaline level reduced amount of the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS; noradrenaline is the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012575 increased noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003964 abnormal noradrenaline level greater than normal amount of the hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and acts as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS; noradrenaline is the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012763 abnormal alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012762 abnormal alpha-beta T cell morphology aberrant number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012764 increased alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012763 abnormal alpha-beta T cell number greater number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012765 decreased alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012763 abnormal alpha-beta T cell number reduced number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012769 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008073 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number anomaly in the number of CD4-positive, alpha-beta long-lived T cells with the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012770 abnormal effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012769 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number anomaly in the number of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012771 abnormal central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012769 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number anomaly in the number of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012772 abnormal central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012774 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number an anomaly in the number of CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cells with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012773 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008397 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell morphology any anomaly in the number of the CD4-positive, CD25-positive T cell subset which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012774 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010837 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell morphology an anomaly in the number of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive; this cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122-high http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012776 abnormal liver cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003947 abnormal cholesterol level aberrant amount in the liver of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012777 abnormal liver glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level abnormal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012778 abnormal liver triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology aberrant concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in the liver; triglycerides are widespread in adipose tissue, commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins, and are involved in the process of bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose with the liverower than normal concentration of triacylglycerols in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012779 abnormal brain cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003947 abnormal cholesterol level aberrant amount in the brain of the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones; it is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012783 abnormal extensor digitorum longus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004246 abnormal extensor digitorum longus morphology anomaly in the weight of the penniform muscle of the lateral front part of the leg responsible for extension of the toes and dorsiflexion of the ankle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013129 abnormal tooth color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology anomaly in the color and shading of the teeth, which normally present in shades of white http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013152 abnormal organ/body region tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002019 abnormal tumor incidence anomaly in the expected number of tumors originating in a specific body region or organ in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013177 abnormal tail tip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology any structural anomaly of the distal end of the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013188 abnormal gastrocnemius weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003082 abnormal gastrocnemius morphology any anomaly of the weight of the two-headed large muscle of the posterior portion of the lower hindleg, the most superficial of the calf muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013205 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013203 abnormal primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of a primary cilium which contains a variable array of axonemal microtubules but does not contain molecular motors; nonmotile primary cilia are found on many different cell types and function as sensory organelles that concentrate and organize sensory signaling molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013206 abnormal motile cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013202 abnormal cilium morphology any structural anomaly of a cilium which has a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beats with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface; motile cilia are typically found in multiple copies on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues and may also function as sensory organelles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013209 abnormal motile cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013208 abnormal cilium physiology any functional anomaly of a cilium which has a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beats with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface; motile cilia are typically found in multiple copies on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues and may also function as sensory organelles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013210 abnormal primary cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013208 abnormal cilium physiology any functional anomaly of a cilium found on many different cell types that is typically present in a single copy per cell; a primary cilium may have a variable array of axonemal microtubules and may or may not contain molecular motors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013229 abnormal brain ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000822 abnormal brain ventricle morphology any anomaly in the size of one or more of the four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013244 abnormal vitamin metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013274 abnormal vitamin or vitamin cofactor metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013280 abnormal cytotoxic T cell cytolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005078 abnormal cytotoxic T cell physiology altered ability of cytotoxic T cells to induce pathological breakdown of target cells by the destruction of their outer membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013285 abnormal renal filtration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any anomaly in the renal system process in which fluid circulating through the body is filtered through a barrier system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013287 abnormal acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005410 abnormal fertilization anomaly in the discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule following the sperm's attachment to the zona pellucida of the oocyte; the process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents into the zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013292 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013293 embryonic lethality prior to tooth bud stage death prior to the completion of embryo turning (Mus: E9-9.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013295 pancreas atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology acquired size diminution of any portion of the pancreas, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013296 abnormal susceptibility to induced colitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010155 abnormal intestine physiology difference in the severity or induction threshold of colitis upon treatment of an organism with intestinal inflammation agents such as dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013300 abnormal submandibular gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013534 abnormal major salivary gland physiology any functional anomaly of either of the large major salivary glands situated beneath the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013316 abnormal pheomelanosome pheomelanin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013315 abnormal pheomelanosome morphology anomaly in the amount or distribution of yellow pigment in the pheomelanosomes of melanocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013411 abnormal Langerhans cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008117 abnormal Langerhans cell morphology anomaly in the number of stellate dendritic cells of myeloid origin, that appear clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013496 abnormal trachea development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013503 abnormal embryonic tissue cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology change in the timing or the number of cells in embryonic tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013545 cleft hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009890 cleft secondary palate cleft in the anterior portion of the palate consisting of bone and mucous membranes; the hard palate is formed from bony processes of the maxilla, premaxilla and palatine bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013549 abnormal primary palate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003755 abnormal palate morphology any structural anomaly of the tissues normally uniting to form the primary palate; the primary palate will form the premaxillary portion of the maxilla (anterior one-third of the final palate) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013570 abnormal neuroendocrine gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013561 abnormal endocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and that release hormones in response to neural stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013593 enlarged thymus cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002371 abnormal thymus cortex morphology increased size of the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013656 abnormal hematopoietic cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002396 abnormal hematopoietic system morphology/development any structural anomaly of any of the cells of the hematopoietic lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013664 abnormal immature B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005022 abnormal immature B cell morphology anomaly in the number of the cells of the B lymphocyte lineage that have undergone VDJ rearrangement of the heavy chain and V-J rearrangement of the light chain; these cells express IgM on the cell surface but have not yet been selected for self-reactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013680 abnormal germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008176 abnormal germinal center B cell morphology anomaly in the number of a rapidly cycling mature B cell which have downregulated IgD expression and exhibit high levels of binding by peanut agglutinin (PNA), and are involved in T-dependent immune responses; germinal center B cells are found typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013701 abnormal mature B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002458 abnormal B cell number anomaly in the number of the mature form of B cells, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of an immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013760 abnormal T-helper cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002435 abnormal effector T cell morphology any structural anomaly of an effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013762 abnormal effector T cell number anomaly in the number of an effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013762 abnormal effector T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006387 abnormal T cell number anomaly in the number of differentiated T cells which have the ability to traffic to peripheral tissues and are capable of mounting a specific immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013763 increased T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number increase in the number of an effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013764 decreased T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number reduction in the number of an effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013769 increased marginal zone precursor B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008210 increased mature B cell number increase in the number of CD23-positive, CD21-positive B cells in the marginal zone of lymphoid tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013803 increased IgG2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013802 abnormal IgG2 level greater than normal immunoglobulin class G2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013804 decreased IgG2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013802 abnormal IgG2 level less than normal immunoglobulin class G2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014012 abnormal cranial blood vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of blood vasculature that is part of a head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014040 increased cellular sensitivity to DNA damaging agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008943 increased sensitivity to induced cell death greater incidence of cell death following exposure to agents that cause DNA damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014042 decreased cellular sensitivity to DNA damaging agents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008944 decreased sensitivity to induced cell death reduced incidence of cell death following exposure to agents that cause DNA damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014069 abnormal skeletal muscle glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014068 abnormal muscle glycogen level any anomaly in the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014137 abnormal preimplantation embryo morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014134 abnormal embryo morphology any structural anomaly of an embryo between fertilization and implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014200 abnormal respiratory epithelium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology any functional anomaly of the pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014201 abnormal intestinal epithelium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010155 abnormal intestine physiology any functional anomaly of the cellular avascular layer of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020130 abnormal total fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology anomaly in average total weight of the fat pad compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020134 abnormal gallbladder size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005084 abnormal gallbladder morphology an anomaly in the size of the gall bladder compared to average, the organ that serves as a storage reservoir for bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020136 abnormal interventricular septum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000281 abnormal interventricular septum morphology an anomaly in the thickness of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020148 abnormal susceptibility to induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001657 abnormal induced morbidity/mortality anomaly in the amount of an external agent required to cause death or diseased state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020152 abnormal oocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001125 abnormal oocyte morphology anomaly in the number of germ cells in the female compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020157 abnormal behavioral response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance any anomaly in the behavioral response induced by alcohol, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020158 abnormal behavioral response to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance any anomaly in the behavioral response induced by cocaine, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020159 abnormal behavioral response to morphine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance any anomaly in the behavioral response induced by morphine, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020160 abnormal behavioral response to nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance any anomaly in the behavioral response induced by nicotine, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020164 abnormal quadriceps weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010225 abnormal quadriceps morphology anomaly in the weight of the group of four muscles (rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis) which extend down the front of the thigh and are the major extensors of the knee joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020165 abnormal soleus weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003081 abnormal soleus morphology anomaly in the weight of the superficial flat broad muscle of the calf that is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020166 abnormal tibialis anterior weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003083 abnormal tibialis anterior morphology anomaly in the weight of the muscle of the shin that is responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020175 abnormal IgG1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020174 abnormal IgG level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class G1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020176 abnormal IgG2a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013802 abnormal IgG2 level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class G2a level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020177 abnormal IgG2b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013802 abnormal IgG2 level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class G2b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020178 abnormal IgG2c level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013802 abnormal IgG2 level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class G2c level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020179 abnormal IgG3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020174 abnormal IgG level deviation from the normal levels of immunoglobulin class G3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020182 abnormal body mass index http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005451 abnormal body composition anomaloy in the average of a measure of weight for height compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020183 abnormal susceptibility to fungal infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a fungal infection or from components of or toxins produced by a fungi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020184 abnormal susceptibility to parasitic infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from a parasitic infection or from components of or toxins produced by a parasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020187 abnormal susceptibility to prion infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001793 abnormal susceptibility to infection altered likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from the small proteinaceous infectious particles which are resistant to inactivation by procedures that modify nucleic acids and which contain an abnormal isoform of a cellular protein that is a major and necessary component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020188 abnormal classified tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002019 abnormal tumor incidence an anomaly in the expected number of tumors with a specific classification type in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020189 abnormal adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020188 abnormal classified tumor incidence an anomaly in the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; this tumor type usually does not invade or infiltrate surrounding tissue but may remain a benign tumor or progress to malignancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020279 abnormal creatine kinase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of creatine to phosphocreatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020280 increased creatine kinase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020279 abnormal creatine kinase level increased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of creatine to phosphocreatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020281 decreased creatine kinase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020279 abnormal creatine kinase level decreased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of creatine to phosphocreatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020317 abnormal vascular endothelial cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004003 abnormal vascular endothelial cell physiology altered ability of an endothelial cell in the vasculature to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020318 increased vascular endothelial cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020317 abnormal vascular endothelial cell adhesion greater than expected ability of an endothelial cell in the vasculature to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020319 decreased vascular endothelial cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020317 abnormal vascular endothelial cell adhesion less than expected ability of an endothelial cell in the vasculature to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020349 abnormal dendritic cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003156 abnormal leukocyte migration any anomaly in the movement of dendritic cells from one site to another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030002 increased lung apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis acceleration in the timing or in the number of cells of the lung undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035431 mediastinal pleura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ The parietal pleura that lines the mediastinum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035819 abdominopelvic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The part of the ventral body cavity that is within the abdominal segment of the trunk, which encompasses the abdomen proper plus pelvic cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035108 temporalis fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008982 fascia The temporal fascia covers the Temporalis muscle. It is a strong, fibrous investment, covered, laterally, by the Auricularis anterior and superior, by the galea aponeurotica, and by part of the Orbicularis oculi. The superficial temporal vessels and the auriculotemporal nerve cross it from below upward. Above, it is a single layer, attached to the entire extent of the superior temporal line; but below, where it is fixed to the zygomatic arch, it consists of two layers, one of which is inserted into the lateral, and the other into the medial border of the arch. A small quantity of fat, the orbital branch of the superficial temporal artery, and a filament from the zygomatic branch of the maxillary nerve, are contained between these two layers. It affords attachment by its deep surface to the superficial fibers of the Temporalis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035109 plantar nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003431 leg nerve A nerve that innervates the sole of the foot. Planar nerves arise from the posterior branch of the tibial nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035380 branch of anterior cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An arterial branch arising from the anterior cerebral artery. It includes the callosomarginal artery, frontopolar artery, medial orbitofrontal artery, pericallosal artery, and recurrent artery of Heubner. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035784 seminal clot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001968 semen A portion of semen in a coagulated state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035959 orbital pillar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ A skeletal projection in the chondrocranium that developmentally connects the orbital cartilage and may develop into bone regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13601 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47788 3-oxo steroid A 3-oxo steroid that has alpha configuration at position 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140013 meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process One of the two nuclear divisions that occur as part of the meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_136849 3-oxo-Delta(4)-steroid group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group An organic group derived from any 3-oxo-Delta(4)-steroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_136859 pro-agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application A compound that, on administration, undergoes conversion by biochemical (enzymatic), chemical (possibly following an enzymatic step), or physical (e.g. photochemical) activation processes before becoming the active agent for which it is a pro-agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_136889 5beta steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid Any steroid that has beta-configuration at position 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140056 organelle localization by membrane tethering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization The process by which an organelle membrane interacts with another membrane via molecular tethers that physically bridge the two membranes and attach them to each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020434 increased astrocyte size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020436 abnormal astrocyte size increase in the size of the large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020435 decreased astrocyte size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020436 abnormal astrocyte size decrease in the size of the large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020436 abnormal astrocyte size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002182 abnormal astrocyte morphology anomaly in the size of the large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020437 abnormal social play behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002557 abnormal social/conspecific interaction behavior behavior performed in the absence of normal stimuli or behavior elicited by normal stimuli but not followed to the completion of the ritualized behavior pattern that is associated with the socialization of an individual into the group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030026 small Meckel's cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005587 abnormal Meckel's cartilage morphology reduced size of the cartilage bar in the mandibular arch that forms a temporary supporting structure in the embryonic mandible and gives rise to middle ear bones and sphenomandibular and anterior malleolar ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030027 basioccipital bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004447 small basioccipital bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the basioccipital bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030028 absent exoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000080 abnormal exoccipital bone morphology absence of the bone or region on the lateral sides of the great foremen of the skull, which often forms a part of the occipital in the adult, but is usually distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030029 wide cranial sutures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology an abnormally increased width of one or more cranial sutures for age-related norms, generally resulting from delayed suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010000 abnormal copula pyramidis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009963 abnormal cerebellum hemisphere lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010005 abnormal lobule simplex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009963 abnormal cerebellum hemisphere lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010002 abnormal ansiform lobule crus I morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010001 abnormal ansiform lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010003 abnormal ansiform lobule crus II morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010001 abnormal ansiform lobule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035006 preputial swelling of female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035004 preputial swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035004 preputial swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035927 sulcus of parietal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013118 sulcus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7900 Acipenseridae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186622 Acipenseroidei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_1000 pathological phenotype observation Phenotypic observation of the presence or absence of a pathological entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000002 obsolete Morphology OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000012 obsolete loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue OBSOLETE. reduction in amount or absence of adipose tissue beneath the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000027 obsolete horizontal canal defects OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000038 obsolete thin semicircular canals OBSOLETE. decreased diameter of the three long bony tubes of the labyrinth that are involved in the sense of balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000047 obsolete abnormal interdental cells OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000051 obsolete absent process brevus OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000083 obsolete ectopic cranial bone growth OBSOLETE. growth of extra bony structures in or near the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000124 obsolete absent teeth OBSOLETE. absence of some or all of the bony structures of the upper and lower jaws used in mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000142 obsolete An Extra Piece of Bone Rostral to C1 OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000143 obsolete Broadening/Splitting of the Neural Arch of C2 OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000148 obsolete abnormal shoulder/ pelvic girdle morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of the bones of the shoulder or of the bones of the pelvis by which the limbs attach to the axial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000156 obsolete Presence of 6 Vertebrosternal Ribs instead of 7 OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000176 obsolete bone marrow occupied by adipocytes OBSOLETE. anomalous appearance of fat-forming cells in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000237 obsolete decreased blood cell number OBSOLETE. fewer than the normal numbers of the various types of blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000247 obsolete abnormal interleukin-10 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this factor that is a co-regulator of mast cell growth and produced by T and B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000268 obsolete abnormal anterior cardiac development OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000306 obsolete abnormal pulse OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000307 obsolete abnormal heart sounds OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000317 obsolete abnormal cell number OBSOLETE. any anomaly in the numbers of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000318 obsolete increased cell number OBSOLETE. greater than expected number of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000319 obsolete increased activated B cell number OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000329 obsolete decreased cell number OBSOLETE. fewer than expected number of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000330 obsolete decreased activated B cell number OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000340 obsolete absence of cell OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000353 obsolete Abnormal Cell Size OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000354 obsolete Increased Cell Size OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000355 obsolete Increased Purkinje Cell Size OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000356 obsolete Decreased Cell Size OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000357 obsolete Decreased Purkinje Cell Size OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000360 obsolete absent metachromatic granules OBSOLETE. lack of intracellular storage compartments that stain a different color than that of the dye used http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000363 obsolete Abnormal Cell Behavior OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000365 obsolete Abnormal Hematopoietic/Hemopoietic/ Hematogenic/Hemogenic/Sanguifacient Cell Behavior OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000366 obsolete Impaired Proliferative Response of Hematopoietic Cells to Mitogens OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000374 obsolete pink fur hue OBSOLETE. hairs have a prominent pink tinge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000386 obsolete abnormal hair follicle root sheath OBSOLETE. anomalies of the epidermal-derived layer surrounding the hair follicle; innermost of two layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000395 obsolete abnormal hair types OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of the different subsets of types of hairs or change to the expected complement of different hair types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000419 obsolete rough hair OBSOLETE. greasy, matted appearance of the fur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000476 obsolete thickening of bowel wall OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000483 obsolete Increased intestinal cell number OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000485 obsolete Decreased intestinal cell number OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000502 obsolete abnormal digestive mucosecretion OBSOLETE. malfunctioning of the production and/or release of a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from the mucous membrane of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000504 obsolete excessive digestive mucosecretion increase in the production and/or release of a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from the mucous membrane of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000506 obsolete decreased digestive mucosecretion reduction in the production and/or release of a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from the mucous membrane of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000509 obsolete absent digestive mucosecretion failure to produce and/or release a physiologically active substance (usually but not exclusively in liquid form) from the mucous membrane of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000513 obsolete infiltration of lymphocytes/plasma cells OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000541 obsolete abnormal urinary bladder transitional epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the transitional epithelial layer of the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000545 obsolete abnormal limbs/digits/tail morphology OBSOLETE. morphological or developmental anomaly of the digits, autopod, limbs, or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000581 obsolete ventral nails/ hair OBSOLETE. appearance of nails and hair on the ventral side of the paw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000593 obsolete tail band OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000612 obsolete sclerosis OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000637 obsolete abnormal merkel cells OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000638 obsolete hyperproliferation of merkel cells OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000672 obsolete decreased mucin cell number OBSOLETE. fewer than normal number of cells that secrete fluid containing carbohydrate-rich glycoproteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000697 obsolete more prevalent Peyer's patches OBSOLETE. greater or more obvious numbers of Peyer's patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000698 obsolete less prevalent Peyer's patches OBSOLETE. fewer or less obvious numbers of Peyer's patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000712 obsolete abnormal thymocyte OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000713 obsolete abnormal thymocyte number OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000768 obsolete nervous system abnormalities OBSOLETE. any malformation or anomaly in the entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, and plexuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000779 obsolete gliosis of tract OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000816 obsolete abnormal hippocampal molecular layer morphology OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000838 obsolete abnormal pituitary afferents OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000881 obsolete Abnormal Purkinje Cell Size OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000882 obsolete Increased Purkinje Cell Size dup. OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000883 obsolete Decreased Purkinje Cell Size dup. OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000891 obsolete Abnormal Thickness of Molecular Layer OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000892 obsolete Increased Thickness of Molecular Layer OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000893 obsolete Decreased Thickness of Molecular Layer OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000894 obsolete Abnormal Cell Number of Molecular Layer OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000895 obsolete Increased Cell Number of Molecular Layer OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000896 obsolete Decreased Cell Number of Molecular Layer OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000941 obsolete failure of motor neuron target finding OBSOLETE. failure of an innervating motor neuron to stop at target site and form terminal arbors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000942 obsolete excessive motor neuron axon growth OBSOLETE. innervating motor neuron projections grow past typical endplate target and extend to myotendenous ends of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000944 obsolete Reduced Olfactory mitral Cells OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001002 obsolete abnormal taste bud morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of the small sensory organs located in the tongue that contain gustatory receptor cells, basal cells, and supporting cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001018 obsolete abnormal adrenal gland ganglion OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001027 obsolete abnormal adrenergic innervation OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001028 obsolete adrenergic hyperinnervation of muscle OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001031 obsolete cholinergic hyperinnervation of muscle OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001039 obsolete abnormal cholinergic innervation OBSOLETE. malformation or absence of the supply of nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001041 obsolete absent lacrimal gland cholinergic innervation OBSOLETE. missing supply of nerve fibers to the gland that secretes tears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001042 obsolete absent sublingual salivary gland cholinergic innervation OBSOLETE. missing supply of nerve fibers to the exocrine gland on the floor of the mouth that secretes saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001043 obsolete absent parotid salivary gland cholinergic innervation OBSOLETE. missing supply of nerve fibers to the exocrine gland lateral to the jaw that secretes saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001069 obsolete absent trigeminal nerve connections to hindbrain OBSOLETE. missing axonal connection from the trigeminal ganglion to the pons and medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001091 obsolete small vestibular cochlear ganglion OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001173 obsolete decreased number of ductal cells of the bulbourethral gland OBSOLETE. fewer than the normal number of cells found in the ducts through which the bulbourethral glands discharge mucus into the spongy part of the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001180 obsolete cellular infiltration of airway walls OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001248 obsolete absent connective tissue OBSOLETE. missing supporting framework of a tissue or the body; formed of fibrous or ground substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001249 obsolete absent dermal adipose tissue OBSOLETE. missing fat associated with the skin layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001301 obsolete abnormal eye movement OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001323 obsolete iris opacity OBSOLETE. milky or cloudy iris that is impervious to light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001335 obsolete Subject to Infection OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001336 obsolete increased incidence of inflamed eyes OBSOLETE. greater than normal frequency of inflammatory response in the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001359 obsolete piling OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001365 obsolete increased escape behavior induced by intruder mouse OBSOLETE. resident animals exhibit escape behavior and do not initiate social investigation of an intruder mouse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001366 obsolete impaired stress response in porsolt forced swin test OBSOLETE. reduced freezing behavior resulting from failed escape attempts induced by forced swim in a small cylinder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001373 obsolete Increased Fecundity OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001387 obsolete abnormal movement/ locomotion OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001398 obsolete backflips OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001414 obsolete Increased Response to New Environment OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001416 obsolete Decreased Response to New Environment OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001418 obsolete open field locomotion abnormalities OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001421 obsolete touch escape OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001424 obsolete abnormal water consumption OBSOLETE. drinking water in anomalous quantities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001444 obsolete compulsive biting OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001445 obsolete compulsive licking OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001448 obsolete abnormal mouse huddling behavior OBSOLETE:any anomaly in the the usual tendency of mice to pile together when sleeping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001450 obsolete Altered Intelligence OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001451 obsolete Decreased Intelligence OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001452 obsolete Increased Intelligence OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001455 obsolete normal cued fear conditioning OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001456 obsolete impaired long term memory in cued fear conditioning test OBSOLETE. altered ability to recall an association between an auditory cue and a foot shock over time; measured by "freezing" of animal in response to auditory cue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001457 obsolete impaired long term memory in contextual fear test OBSOLETE. altered ability to recall an association between a location and a foot shock over time; measured by "freezing" of animal in response to auditory cue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001459 obsolete impaired memory in novel object recognition test OBSOLETE. reduced time spent exploring a novel object that replaced a training object after a specified retention time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001461 obsolete impaired memory in olfactory discrimination test OBSOLETE. reduced food preference based on food recently smelled on the breath of other individuals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001464 obsolete impaired learning in eight arm radial maze test OBSOLETE. reduced ability to remember a sequence of previously visited feeding sites in an eight arm maze http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001465 obsolete morris water maze OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001470 obsolete impaired long term memory in step-down avoidance test OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001471 obsolete large place fields OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001482 obsolete Increased Pupil Restriction OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001483 obsolete Decreased Pupil Restriction OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001502 obsolete abnormal circadian rhythm deviation from the normal 24 hour biological activity cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001503 obsolete abnormal strength/ posture OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001507 obsolete positional passivity OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001508 obsolete abnormal body tone OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001509 obsolete abnormal body position OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001514 obsolete abnormal footprint pathway OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001530 obsolete Increased Vocalization OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001531 obsolete Decreased Vocalization OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001532 obsolete Physiology OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001584 obsolete platelet storage pool deficiency OBSOLETE. a blood coagulation disorder in which there is a decrease or lack of platelet dense bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001615 obsolete Decreased Vasculature OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001616 obsolete Increased Vasculature OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001637 obsolete cardiac arrest OBSOLETE. complete cessation of cardiac activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001641 obsolete death OBSOLETE. cessation of life; cessation of integrated tissue and organ functions; a gradual process at the cellular level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001651 obsolete necrosis pathological death of cells or a portion of a tissue or organ; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001659 obsolete altered life span OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001667 obsolete abnormal carbohydrate absorption any anomaly in the ability of the body to take in substances composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen according to the general formula Cn(H2O)n; sugars and starches are examples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001720 obsolete excessive surface folding OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001734 obsolete abnormal endocrine organ OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of any of the glands that have no ducts, their secretions being absorbed directly into the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001741 obsolete decreased adrenaline synthesis OBSOLETE. less than the normal formation of this catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001755 obsolete abnormal excretion physiology OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001763 obsolete Infrequent Urination OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001766 obsolete abnormal aluminum level OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001791 obsolete immunodeficiency OBSOLETE. defective immune response; can be primary due to defect in immune system or secondary due to disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001794 obsolete Bacterial OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001795 obsolete Gram Negative OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001796 obsolete Gram Positive OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001797 obsolete Opportunistic Infections of the Intestinal Tract OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001799 obsolete Viral OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001804 obsolete abnormal complement protein physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the complement proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001808 obsolete B cell Immunodeficiency OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001809 obsolete Abnormal Immunoglobulin Production OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001817 obsolete abnormal antibody production OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001818 obsolete abnormal antibody titer OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001820 obsolete abnormal activated B cell number OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001831 obsolete T cell immunodeficiency OBSOLETE.defective immune response due to defective T-lymphocyte response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001832 obsolete CD4-Positive cell immunodeficiency OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001833 obsolete CD8- Positive cell immunodeficiency OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001834 obsolete macrophage immunodeficiency/impairment OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001842 obsolete inability to present cytosolic antigens to Class-I restricted cytotoxic T cells OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001877 obsolete dysregulated inflammatory response OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001886 obsolete nervous system physiology abnormalities OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001895 obsolete abnormal hippocampus function OBSOLETE. any anomaly in the activity of the deep lying structure of the cerebrum involved with memory storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001903 obsolete reduced NMDA receptor glycine affinity: hippocampus OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001904 obsolete impaired GABA receptor mediated fast inhibition OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001907 obsolete abnormal cerebellar function OBSOLETE. any anomaly in the activity of the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons that controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001949 obsolete abnormal respiratory dead space OBSOLETE. anomaly in the section of the respiratory tract that does not exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with pulmonary capillary blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001959 obsolete sensory system physiology/response abnormalities OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001964 obsolete abnormal auditory threshold OBSOLETE. change in the average point at which one may first detect electrical activity generated by neurons in the ascending auditory system by using computer-averaged responses to short tone bursts at varying frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001965 obsolete increased auditory threshold OBSOLETE. a greater than average point at which one may first detect electrical activity generated by neurons in the ascending auditory system by using computer-averaged responses to short tone bursts at varying frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001966 obsolete decreased auditory threshold OBSOLETE. a lower than average point at which one may first detect electrical activity generated by neurons in the ascending auditory system by using computer-averaged responses to short tone bursts at varying frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001974 obsolete toe pinch OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001975 obsolete tail pinch OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001977 obsolete tail flick OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001978 obsolete prolonged latency in tail flick test OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001989 obsolete saccharin versus water OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001990 obsolete water versus saccharin OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001997 obsolete Increased Pupil Constriction OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001998 obsolete Decreased Pupil Constriction OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002002 obsolete abnormal response to visual cliff OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002010 obsolete hepatic microgranulomas OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002025 obsolete B cell/T cell derived lymphoma OBSOLETE. group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of both B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002042 obsolete hemotologic neoplasia OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002054 obsolete disease states OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002055 obsolete Diabetes OBSOLETE. either insipidus or mellitus. Having in common the symptoms of polyuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002056 obsolete Insulin dependent diabetes Obsolete. Characterized by polydipsia, polyuria, increased appetite, weight loss, low plasma insulin levels, and episodic ketoacidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002057 obsolete Non-insulin dependent diabetes OBSOLETE. Type II, adult onset. mild form gradual onset, usually in obese individuals. Plasma insulin levels are normal to high , but low in relation to plasma glucose levels. Responsive to dietary regulation or oral hypoglycemic agents, but diabetic complications and degenerative changes can develop http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002070 obsolete abnormal sleep pattern/circadian rhythm OBSOLETE. deviation from the normal 24 hour biological activity cycle including the wake/sleep cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002071 obsolete other abnormal behavior OBSOLETE. abnormal behaviors not attributable to other categories http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002072 obsolete neurological/behavioral: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in neurological or behavioral tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002076 obsolete abnormal hair follicle structure/orientation OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly or misalignment of the epidermis from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002087 obsolete embryogenesis: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002091 obsolete eye: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of eye tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002093 obsolete abnormal cornea/lens morphology OBSOLETE. any dysmorphology or complete or partial opacity of the lens or cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002094 obsolete coat: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002096 obsolete abnormal skin condition/ morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly or atypical condition of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002097 obsolete skin: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002099 obsolete vibrissae: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of whiskers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002101 obsolete teeth: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002103 obsolete ears: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of auditory tissue or in hearing assessment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002107 obsolete musculature: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of muscle tissue or in physiological assessment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002112 obsolete extremities: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002117 obsolete skeletal: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of bones and/or skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002121 obsolete other metabolic defect OBSOLETE. altered chemical and physical processes of the body or of a tissue, not due to lipid or glucose chemistry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002122 obsolete metabolism: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of metabolic function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002126 obsolete hematology: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of hematological development or function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002131 obsolete heart/cardiovascular system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of heart or vascular tissue or in cardiovascular function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002134 obsolete respiratory system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of lung and other respiratory tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002137 obsolete kidney/renal system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of kidney and other renal tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002140 obsolete liver/hepatic system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of liver or other hepatic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002143 obsolete digestive system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly obsesrved in the function of or in any region of the digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002146 obsolete immune system: other dysmorphology OBSOLETE. abnormal development of lymphocytes or lymphatic tissue (other than B or T lymphocytes) resulting in morphological abnormality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002147 obsolete immune system: immunodeficiency OBSOLETE. defective immune response; can be primary due to defect in immune system or secondary due to disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002149 obsolete immune system: other functional anomaly OBSOLETE. altered immune response not due to anatomical defect, immunodeficiency or hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002150 obsolete immune system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of immune system tissues or function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002156 obsolete central nervous system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of central nervous system tissues or function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002159 obsolete peripheral nervous system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of peripheral nervous system tissues or function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002162 obsolete reproductive system: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of reproductive system tissues or function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002165 obsolete glands: no defect detected OBSOLETE. no anomaly observed in examination of endocrine system tissues or function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002167 obsolete unaffected tumor susceptibility/resistance OBSOLETE. average number of tumors in an organism compared to controls, usually referring to a specific tumor type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002168 obsolete other aberrant phenotype anomaly or dysmorphology not attributable to any other category http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002180 obsolete OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002181 obsolete abnormal brain cell morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of any or all brain cell types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002185 obsolete ectopia OBSOLETE. congenital positional anomaly or displacement of any part of the body or organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002201 obsolete abnormal neurotransmitter receptor physiology OBSOLETE. aberrant function of cell surface receptors that bind signaling molecules released by neurons and convert these signals into intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002205 obsolete neurotransmitter imbalance OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002215 obsolete testicular feminization OBSOLETE. an XY animal displaying female sex characteristics, usually due to an X-linked mutation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002222 obsolete abnormal lymph organ cellularity OBSOLETE. change in the normal number of cells within a lymph organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002225 obsolete abnormal spleen cellularity OBSOLETE. anomaly in the cellular makeup of the spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002232 obsolete sensory capabilities OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002278 obsolete abnormal respiratory muscle morphology OBSOLETE. structural anomaly of any of the muscles involved in breathing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002283 obsolete hyaline cartilage abnormalities OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002287 obsolete reproductive system: fertility/fecundity characteristics OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002288 obsolete litter size OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002291 obsolete fecundity characteristics OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002298 obsolete abnormal maximal expiratory flow rate OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002299 obsolete abnormal maximal expiratory flow-volume curve OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002300 obsolete abnormal maximal midexpiratory flow rate OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002301 obsolete abnormal peak expiratory flow rate OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002302 obsolete abnormal forced expiratory volume OBSOLETE. anomaly in the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a forced vital capacity determination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002303 obsolete abnormal maximal voluntary ventilation OBSOLETE. anomaly in the maximum amount of air that can be breathed in and blown out over a specified interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002305 obsolete abnormal closing volume OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002307 obsolete abnormal expiratory reserve volume OBSOLETE. anomaly in the amount of the extra volume of air that can be expired with maximum effort beyond the level reached at the end of a normal expiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002315 obsolete abnormal respiratory signs/symptoms OBSOLETE. manifestations of diseases of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002341 obsolete abnormal lymph node capsule OBSOLETE. anomaly in the connective tissue that surrounds a lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002355 obsolete abnormal spleen venous sinus OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002365 obsolete abnormal thymus cellularity OBSOLETE. anomaly in the cellular makeup of the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002373 obsolete abnormal macrophages in the thymus OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002374 obsolete abnormal thymus epithelial cells OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002381 obsolete abnormal tonsil capsule OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002382 obsolete abnormal lymphatic nodules with germinal centers OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002383 obsolete abnormal tonsil crypts OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002387 obsolete abnormal prevalence of Peyer's patches OBSOLETE. deviation from the normal distribution and/or number of Peyer's patches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002390 obsolete abnormal Peyer's patch dome OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002394 obsolete absent thymocyte subset OBSOLETE. lack of a particular group of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002395 obsolete hemolymphoid system abnormalities OBSOLETE. anomalies of the blood and blood-forming tissues or of the immune system and immune cell forming tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002426 obsolete blood abnormalities OBSOLETE. structural anomalies in the cells, fluids, or proteins found in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002468 obsolete abnormal complement physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the set of plasma proteins that act together to attack extracellular pathogens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002469 obsolete abnormal C1 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002470 obsolete abnormal C2 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002474 obsolete abnormal C3 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002475 obsolete abnormal C4 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002476 obsolete abnormal C5 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002477 obsolete abnormal C6 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002478 obsolete abnormal C7 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002479 obsolete abnormal C8 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002480 obsolete abnormal C9 physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, C9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002481 obsolete abnormal factor B physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, factor B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002482 obsolete abnormal factor D physiology OBSOLETE. abnormal function of the complement protein, factor D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002483 obsolete abnormal acute phase protein physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly in the series of proteins found in the blood shortly after infection and which participate in the early phases of host defense against infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002484 obsolete abnormal C-reactive protein physiology OBSOLETE. anomaly in the function of this plasma protein that normally circulates in increased amounts during inflammation or after tissue damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002485 obsolete abnormal mannose-binding protein physiology OBSOLETE. an anomaly in the function of this acute phase protein that normally opsonizes pathogens bearing mannose on their surfaces and can activate the complement system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002486 obsolete abnormal serum amyloid protein physiology OBSOLETE. any functional anomaly in an acute-phase reaction protein that is a precursor to amyloid A protein; it is present in very high levels during acute inflammatory episodes, and is present in low concentrations in normal sera, but is found at higher concentrations in sera of older persons and in patients with amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002487 obsolete abnormal fibrinogen physiology OBSOLETE. an anomaly in the function of this coaguable protein in the blood plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002488 obsolete abnormal phagocyte physiology OBSOLETE. anomaly in the ability of these cells to ingest and internalize particulate matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002501 obsolete abnormal inflammatory mediator physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the endogenous compounds that mediate the local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes at the site of injury, insult, or infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002502 obsolete abnormal vasoactive mediator physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the endogenous compounds that act on the vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002504 obsolete abnormal serotonin physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this biochemical messenger and regulator, found in the CNS, gastrointestinal tract, and produced by platelets; it normally mediates neurotransmission, gastrointestinal motility, hemostasis, and cardiovascular integrity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002505 obsolete abnormal bradykinin physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this potent, short-lived vasoactive peptide that causes arteriolar dilation and increased capillary permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002506 obsolete abnormal anaphylotoxin physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the small fragments of complement proteins released by cleavage during complement activation, they are chemotactic and vasoactive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002507 obsolete abnormal C4a physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of complement fragment C4a, which is normally involved in increasing vascular permeability and enhancing smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002508 obsolete abnormal complement 5a physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this product of complement activation that is a potent chemotactic factor for neutrophils, monocytes, and basophils and enhances smooth muscle contraction and vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002509 obsolete abnormal C3a physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of complement fragment C3a, which is normally involved in increasing vascular permeability and enhancing smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002510 obsolete abnormal leukotriene physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of a family of mediators derived from arachidonic acid which normally stimulate smooth muscle contraction, increase vascular permeability, and may be chemoattractants for inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002511 obsolete abnormal leukotriene C4 physiology OBSOLETE. any functional anomaly of the conjugation product of leukotriene a4 and glutathione; it is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue, and it normally stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some vascular smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002512 obsolete abnormal leukotriene D4 physiology OBSOLETE. any functional anomaly of a leukotriene c4 derivative generated after partial hydrolysis of the gamma-glutamyl portion of the peptide chain; its biological actions normally include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002513 obsolete abnormal leukotriene E4 physiology OBSOLETE. any functional anomaly of a leukotriene d4 derivative generated by a peptidase reaction that removes the glycine residue; its biological actions normally include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002514 obsolete abnormal prostaglandin physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of a class of mediators with effects of vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and smooth muscle stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002515 obsolete PGD2 OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002516 obsolete abnormal PGE2 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this member of the prostaglandin family, which normally has vasodilatory effects, increasing vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002517 obsolete abnormal PGI2 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this member of the prostaglandin family that normally has vasodilatory effects, increasing vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002518 obsolete abnormal PGF2alpha physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this prostaglandin that normally has vasocontractile, oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002519 obsolete abnormal thromboxane physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the members of a family of mediators with vasoactive effects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002520 obsolete abnormal TxA2 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this potent vasoconstrictor that also mediates platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002521 obsolete abnormal platelet activating factor physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this mediator generated by nearly all activated inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, and injured tissue cells; normally it is a potent vasodilator and enhances microvasculature permeability, in addition, it induces platelet aggregation and degranulation at sites of injury and enhances the release of serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002522 obsolete abnormal chemotactic factor physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of a class of pro-inflammatory proteins that attract and activate leukocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002523 obsolete abnormal chemotactic complement factor physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of a subset of complement fragments that are involved in recruitment of leukocytes to the site of injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002524 obsolete lipoxygenase products OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002525 obsolete abnormal leukotriene B4 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this product of inflammatory cell activation that is a potent chemoattractant for macrophages and neutrophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002526 obsolete abnormal chemokine physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that attract and activate leukocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002527 obsolete abnormal interleukin-8 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this protein secreted by macrophages and is chemotactic for neutrophils and T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002528 obsolete abnormal interleukin-1 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this soluble factor produced by macrophages/monocytes that activates vascular endothelium and lymphocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002529 obsolete abnormal interleukin physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the cytokines produced by leukocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002530 obsolete abnormal tumor necrosis factor physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this cytokine produced by macrophages and NK cells and involved in initiating local inflammatory responses, particularly by its action on the endothelium of local blood vessels; its actions result in increased vascular permeability and induction of expression of adhesion molecules on the endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002535 obsolete combined T cell/ B cell deficiency OBSOLETE. Use cell-mediated immunity instead. defective or absent host defense involving both B and T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002536 obsolete severe combined immunodeficiency disease OBSOLETE. rare congenital disorder characterized by impairment of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity, leukopenia, and low or absent antibody levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002538 obsolete Di George syndrome OBSOLETE. congenital syndrome with absence of thymus and parathyroids, causing impaired cellular immunity; immunoglobulin levels are normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002539 obsolete B cell deficiency OBSOLETE. defective or absent host defense involving B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002540 obsolete congenital X-linked infantile hypogammaglobulinemia OBSOLETE. an immunologic deficiency state characterized by very low level of generally all classes of gamma-immunoglobulins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002541 obsolete selective IgA deficiency OBSOLETE. an immunologic deficiency state characterized by very low levels of the immunoglobulin class A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002552 obsolete abnormal response to addictive substance OBSOLETE. aberrant behavioral or physiological reaction to an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002558 obsolete abnormal circadian period any change in the cycle length expressed when exposed to constant conditions without temporal cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002559 obsolete abnormal circadian persistence anomaly in the ability for an animal to retain a circadian rhythm when time cues are removed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002560 obsolete arrhythmic circadian persistence loss of any rhythmic pattern upon removal of time cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002561 obsolete abnormal circadian phase anomaly in the phase relationship between a temporal synchronizing event (such as light cycle) and a phase reference point of an animal (such as activity onset) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002562 obsolete prolonged circadian period increase in the cycle length expressed when exposed to constant conditions without temporal cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002563 obsolete shortened circadian period decrease in the cycle length expressed when exposed to constant conditions without temporal cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002564 obsolete advanced circadian phase increase in the phase relationship between a temporal synchronizing event (such as light cycle) and a phase reference point of an animal (such as activity onset) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002565 obsolete delayed circadian phase decrease in the phase relationship between a temporal synchronizing event (such as light cycle) and a phase reference point of an animal (such as activity onset) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002567 obsolete abnormal odor preference OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002568 obsolete addiction/drug abuse OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002585 obsolete abnormal response/metabolism to xenobiotics OBSOLETE. altered ability or inability to metabolize or respond to foreign substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002587 obsolete heart/cardiovascular system: characteristics OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002588 obsolete blood cell characteristics OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002589 obsolete mean corpuscular volume traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002592 obsolete mean erythrocyte count traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002597 obsolete platelet traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002598 obsolete mean platelet volume traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002600 obsolete mean leukocyte count traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002601 obsolete lymphocyte count traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002603 obsolete basophil count traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002604 obsolete neutrophil count traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002605 obsolete monocyte count traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002609 obsolete blood physiology traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002610 obsolete blood chemistry traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002611 obsolete glucose homeostasis traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002614 obsolete lipid homeostasis traits OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002688 obsolete increased sensitivity to addictive substance OBSOLETE. decreased threshold to obtain a physiological or behavioral response to an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002720 obsolete urogenital system: dysmorphology OBSOLETE. abnormal development of the urogenital system resulting in morphological abnormality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002721 obsolete abnormal urogenital system physiology OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002756 obsolete decreased pyramidal neuron number OBSOLETE. fewer than average number of projection neurons in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002760 obsolete ectopic pyramidal neurons OBSOLETE. abnormal position of one or more triangular shaped projection neurons in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002848 obsolete increased surface glomeruli OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002930 obsolete hair cell degeneration OBSOLETE. a retrogressive impairment of function, destruction or apoptosis of the sensory epithelial cells of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002949 obsolete abnormal neural crest cells OBSOLETE. defect in the transient and migratory group of cells that emerge from the dorsal region of the neural tube and disperse to many peripheral locations to form various tissues of the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002954 obsolete abnormal aerobic energy metabolism OBSOLETE. defect in respiratory chain energy production (oxidative metabolism) process in all living cells where oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide and water are produced http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002977 obsolete abnormal patterning of the aortic arch OBSOLETE. abnormal development or differentiation of the convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002979 obsolete abnormal vestibular response OBSOLETE. abnormal response to changes in motion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003012 obsolete no phenotypic analysis Obsolete no description of morphological, physiological or behavioral information presented http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003045 obsolete fibrosis invasion of fibrous connective tissue into any organ or multiple organs, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003118 obsolete abnormal tracheal-bronchial branching morphogenesis OBSOLETE. partial or complete failure of the trachea and bronchi to repeatedly divide during development of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003183 obsolete abnormal peptide metabolism anomaly in the biochemical modification and homeostasis of molecules consisting of linked amino acids and their derivatives http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003187 obsolete increased reduction OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003188 obsolete decreased reduction OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003263 obsolete abnormal cholesterol biosynthesis OBSOLETE. altered ability to form cholesterol from constituent compounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003264 obsolete increased cholesterol biosynthesis OBSOLETE. augmented rate at which cholesterol is formed from constituent compounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003265 obsolete decreased cholesterol biosynthesis OBSOLETE. reduced rate at which cholesterol is formed from constituent compounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003386 obsolete increased sensitivity to nicotine OBSOLETE. decreased threshold to obtain a physiological or behavioral response to nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003636 obsolete absence of hair cells OBSOLETE. absence of the sensory epithelial cells of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003744 obsolete abnormal orofacial morphology any structural anomaly of the the mouth and the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003788 obsolete abnormal interferon physiology OBSOLETE. impairment or increase of the cellular release of any of the cytokines produced by T cells, fibroblasts and other cells in response to a challenge by a foreign agents such as viruses, bacteria, parasites and tumor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003801 obsolete deviant histocompatibility locus OBSOLETE. deviation from the parental type of histocompatibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003802 obsolete deviant class I histocompatibility locus OBSOLETE. deviation from the parental type of class I histocompatibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003803 obsolete deviant class II histocompatibility locus OBSOLETE. deviation from the parental type of class II histocompatibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003804 obsolete deviant minor histocompatibility locus OBSOLETE. deviation from the parental type of minor histocompatibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003805 obsolete deviant histocompatibility-related locus OBSOLETE. deviation from the parental type of a histocompatibility-related locus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003876 obsolete abnormal cerebral function OBSOLETE. anomalous activity of the thin layer of grey matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon and folds into gyri that is responsible for higher mental functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003919 obsolete abnormal lymph node cellularity OBSOLETE. anomaly in the cellular make up of the lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003937 obsolete abnormal limbs/digits/tail development OBSOLETE. anomaly of the formation of the digits, autopod, limbs, or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004048 obsolete increased resistance to addictive substance OBSOLETE. increased threshold to obtain a physiological or behavioral response to an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004763 obsolete absent brainstem auditory evoked potential absence of the synchronous electrical activity generated by neurons in the ascending auditory system that can be recorded from scalp electrograms by using computer-averaged responses to short tone bursts; by varying frequency, cochlear function can be assessed throughout the hearing range; normally, ABR thresholds vary with frequency, from a sound pressure level (SPL) of 35 dB at 5.6 kHz (a relatively low frequency for a mouse) to 15 dB at 45.2 kHz (a relatively high frequency); each 20 dB corresponds to a tenfold change in amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004764 obsolete increased brainstem auditory evoked potential greater synchronous electrical activity generated by neurons in the ascending auditory system that can be recorded from scalp electrograms by using computer-averaged responses to short tone bursts; by varying frequency, cochlear function can be assessed throughout the hearing range; normally, ABR thresholds vary with frequency, from a sound pressure level (SPL) of 35 dB at 5.6 kHz (a relatively low frequency for a mouse) to 15 dB at 45.2 kHz (a relatively high frequency); each 20 dB corresponds to a tenfold change in amplitude; decreases in auditory thresholds required to generate a response may indicate a increased potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004765 obsolete decreased brainstem auditory evoked potential reduction in the synchronous electrical activity generated by neurons in the ascending auditory system that can be recorded from scalp electrograms by using computer-averaged responses to short tone bursts; by varying frequency, cochlear function can be assessed throughout the hearing range; normally, ABR thresholds vary with frequency, from a sound pressure level (SPL) of 35 dB at 5.6 kHz (a relatively low frequency for a mouse) to 15 dB at 45.2 kHz (a relatively high frequency); each 20 dB corresponds to a tenfold change in amplitude; increases in auditory thresholds required to generate a response may indicate a decreased potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005003 obsolete B cell clonal deletion abnormalities OBSOLETE. a defect in the process of removal of immature B lymphocytes that interact with self antigens during maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005009 obsolete congenital skeletal deformities OBSOLETE. malformations of the bones/skeleton existing at birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005021 obsolete B lymphoblast abnormalities OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005049 obsolete abnormal cytokine physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of the non-antibody proteins made by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells that affect the behavior of other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005050 obsolete abnormal chemotactic interleukin physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of a subset of interleukins that are involved in attracting leukocytes to a site of tissue injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005051 obsolete altered response to anesthetics OBSOLETE. a reaction that differs from normal to compounds that reversibly depress neuronal function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005052 obsolete increased sleep after pentobarbital treatment OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005053 obsolete altered response to pentobarbital OBSOLETE. a reaction to pentobarbital that differs from normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005054 obsolete altered response to tribromoethanol OBSOLETE. a reaction to tribromoethanol that differs from normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005055 obsolete altered response to alphaxalone OBSOLETE. a reaction to alphaxalone that differs from controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005056 obsolete increased sleep after tribromoethanol treatment OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005057 obsolete increased sleep after alphaxalone treatment OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005062 obsolete presence of giant granules in eosinophils OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005064 obsolete presence of giant granules in lymphocytes OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005066 obsolete presence of giant granules in neutrophils OBSOLETE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005067 obsolete presence of melanin granules in retina OBSOLETE. pigment particles found in retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005196 obsolete abnormal posterior uvea morphology any structural anomaly of the rear, or dorsal, portion of the vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, includes the choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005200 obsolete abnormal eye pigment epithelium morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly in the epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005212 obsolete immature goblet-like cells in stomach OBSOLETE. unusual appearance of stomach mucosa in which one finds cells resembling those that produce and secrete mucins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005228 obsolete abnormal fusion of vertebral bodies/neural arches OBSOLETE. improper joining of the main portion of the vertebra anterior to the vertebral canal and the cartilaginous or bony arch that encloses and protects the spinal cord on the back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005235 obsolete abnormal olfactory pathway morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of any of the set of nerve fibers conducting impulses from olfactory receptors to the cerebral cortex, including the olfactory nerve; olfactory bulb; olfactory tract, olfactory tubercle, anterior perforated substance, and olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005263 obsolete ectopia lentis OBSOLETE. congenital displacement of the lens due to defective zonule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005349 obsolete abnormal interleukin-6 physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of this soluble factor produced by B- and T-cells, with effects on T- and B-cell growth and differentiation, and in acute phase reactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005428 obsolete abnormal clinical chemistry OBSOLETE. any anomaly in the laboratory tests that show the presence of physiologically significant substances in the blood, urine, tissue, and body fluids with application to the diagnosis or therapy of disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005429 obsolete abnormal pine bedding color after urinary excretion OBSOLETE. with normal urine coloration, a change in the hue of the pine bedding of a mouse, often to a bright yellow or chartreuse, after excretion of urine by the animal housed with this type of bedding; indicative of a metabolic defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005442 obsolete abnormal pyramidal neuron morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of the projection neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005456 obsolete weight gain OBSOLETE. increase in weight over existing weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005467 obsolete abnormal chemotactic leukotriene physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of any of a subset of leukotrienes that are involved in attracting leukocytes to a site of tissue injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005482 obsolete cellular hypertrophy OBSOLETE. increased size or bulk of a cell, without accompanying increased numbers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005483 obsolete cellular hyperplasia OBSOLETE. an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005485 obsolete cellular dysplasia OBSOLETE. change in the size, shape, and organization of the cellular components of a tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005486 obsolete cellular metaplasia OBSOLETE. conversion of one differentiated cell type to another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005487 obsolete cellular hypoplasia OBSOLETE. a decrease in the number of cells in an organ or tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005506 obsolete abnormal limbs/digits/tail physiology OBSOLETE. functional anomaly of the digits, paws, limbs, or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005550 obsolete orbital hemorrhage OBSOLETE. escape of blood into the orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005552 obsolete abnormal orbital bone morphology OBSOLETE. structural anomaly of the bony cavity that contains the eyeball and is formed by parts of eight bones in the mouse: maxilla, lacrimal, zygomatic, frontal, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, palatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006004 obsolete abnormal interneuron morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of neurons that exclusively interact with other neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006005 obsolete decreased interneuron number OBSOLETE. fewer than normal number of neurons that interact only with other neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006028 obsolete impaired bronchiole branching OBSOLETE. a block or reduction in the morphogenesis of the bronchioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006040 obsolete increased mitochondrial oxidation OBSOLETE. greater than normal activity of the process in mitochondria that produces ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006041 obsolete decreased mitochondrial oxidation OBSOLETE. less than normal activity of the mitochondrial process that produces ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006245 obsolete dislocated lens OBSOLETE. the lens is moved out of position because some or all of the supporting ligaments have broken http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006297 obsolete loss of abdominal adipose tissue OBSOLETE. reduction in amount or absence of adipose tissue associated with internal organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006374 obsolete abnormal blood osmolality OBSOLETE. anomaly in the concentration of ions in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008084 obsolete absent single-positive T cells absence of T cells bearing either CD4 or CD8 markers on their surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008229 obsolete abnormal pars posterior morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of the horseshoe-shaped tract that connects the two olfactory bulbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008230 obsolete abnormal pars anterior morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of the major forebrain commissure that connects the two temporal lobes of the cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008239 obsolete epigenetic coat coloration OBSOLETE. a range of wild-type and mutant allele coat coloration, from mouse to mouse or coat color mosaicism of an individual mouse, due to differential methylation of the mutation causing element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009383 obsolete abnormal truncus arteriosus morphology OBSOLETE. any structural anomaly of the common arterial trunk opening out of both ventricles that divides into the aorta and pulmonary artery during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009585 obsolete ectopic bone formation OBSOLETE. formation of bone at an abnormal site or in an atypical tissue, usually outside its normal location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009855 obsolete midface retrusion OBSOLETE. the portion of the face comprising the nasal, maxillary, and zygomatic bones is shortened relative to the calvaria and located posterior to the normal position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010112 obsolete abnormal coccygeal vertebrae morphology any structural anomaly of the 3-5 separate or fused bony segments of the coccyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011023 obsolete absent motile cilia OBSOLETE. absence of cilia which have a variable arrangement, often with a 9 + 2 microtubular arrangement, of axonemal microtubules, contain molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface; motile cilia are typically found in multiple copies on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003766 obsolete decreased palatal length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005395 obsolete other phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010032 obsolete meiotic drive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030030 Wormian bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology presence of small extra bone segments, usually of irregular shape and variable size, arising in fontanelles and/or adjacent to or along the cranial sutures, and formed from additional and separate centers of ossification of the cranium; in humans, Wormian bones are most frequently located in the lambdoid or coronal suture, and have been seen in the fontanelles, particularly the posterior fontanelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030031 abnormal forehead morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the face above the eyes; in human anatomy, the forehead is the fore part of the head, an area of the head bounded by three features, two of the skull and one of the scalp; the top of the forehead is marked by the hairline, the edge of the area where hair on the scalp grows while the bottom of the forehead is marked by the supraorbital ridge, the bone feature of the skull above the eyes; the two sides of the forehead are marked by the temporal ridge, a bone feature that links the supraorbital ridge to the coronal suture line and beyond http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030032 high forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030042 large forehead an abnormally increased height of the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030190 small snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology decreased size of the anterior facial part of the face or muzzle containing the oral and nasal regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030246 abnormal cheek morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030095 abnormal midface morphology any anomaly of the cheek - one of two bilateral soft tissue structures located in the midface region between the zygoma and the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020572 abnormal corpus callosum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000780 abnormal corpus callosum morphology any anomaly of the number of cells (mainly oligodendrocytes) of the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020574 abnormal corpus callosum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000780 abnormal corpus callosum morphology any anomaly of the density of cells (mainly oligodendrocytes) of the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020575 increased corpus callosum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020572 abnormal corpus callosum cell number increase in the number of cells (mainly oligodendrocytes) of the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020576 decreased corpus callosum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020572 abnormal corpus callosum cell number decrease in the number of cells (mainly oligodendrocytes) of the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150063 visual system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048880 sensory system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the visual system over time, from its formation to the mature structure, including the eye, parts of the central nervous system (CNS) involved in processing of visual inputs, and connecting nerve pathways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4300226 forelimb bud mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010328 limb bud mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a forelimb bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4300227 hindlimb bud mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010328 limb bud mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a hindlimb bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110122 myotube cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014812 muscle cell migration The orderly movement of a myotube cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate, and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110123 regulation of myotube cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110124 positive regulation of myotube cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030335 positive regulation of cell migration Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110125 negative regulation of myotube cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030336 negative regulation of cell migration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120193 tight junction organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045216 cell-cell junction organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a tight junction. A tight junction seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030596 decreased brain manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030594 abnormal brain manganese level a reduced amount of manganese in brain tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020827 single Mullerian duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003826 abnormal Mullerian duct morphology presence of only one Mullerian duct instead of the usual 2 ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030649 abnormal circulating ornithine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030646 abnormal ornithine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030723 abnormal valine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of valine (2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid), a branched-chain essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins, has stimulant activity, and promotes muscle growth and tissue repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030945 abnormal myoblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003090 abnormal muscle precursor cell migration any anomaly in the orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another during development; a myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030946 abnormal myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000729 abnormal myogenesis anomaly in the ability of myoblasts to undergo expansion by cell division; a myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030947 increased myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030946 abnormal myoblast proliferation increase in the expansion rate of myoblasts by cell division; a myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030948 decreased myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030946 abnormal myoblast proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of myoblasts by cell division; a myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030949 abnormal Golgi vesicle transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008546 abnormal vesicle-mediated transport any anomaly in the directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030950 abnormal synaptic vesicle exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020848 abnormal exocytosis anomaly in the fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in impaired release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030951 abnormal endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008546 abnormal vesicle-mediated transport any anomaly in the vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030952 abnormal Golgi stack morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011743 abnormal Golgi apparatus morphology any structural anomaly of the set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, which form the central portion of the Golgi complex; the stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030953 abnormal Golgi cisterna morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030952 abnormal Golgi stack morphology any structural anomaly of any of the thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030954 abnormal Golgi cis cisterna morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030953 abnormal Golgi cisterna morphology any structural anomaly of the Golgi cisterna closest to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the first processing compartment through which proteins pass after export from the ER http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030955 abnormal Golgi trans cisterna morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030953 abnormal Golgi cisterna morphology any structural anomaly of the Golgi cisterna farthest from the endoplasmic reticulum, the final processing compartment through which proteins pass before exiting the Golgi apparatus; this is the compartment in which N-linked protein glycosylation is completed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030956 abnormal neuronal precursor cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006009 abnormal neuronal migration any anomaly in the orderly movement of a neuroblast embryonic cell from one site to another during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in one or more organs or tissues of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140734 ammonium excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007588 excretion The elimination of ammonium ions from an excretory cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410079 red bone marrow of iliac crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000361 red bone marrow Red bone marrow located in an iliac crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410080 red bone marrow of sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000361 red bone marrow Red bone marrow located in the sternum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8440015 noradrenergic cell groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Collections of neurons in the central nervous system that have been demonstrated by histochemical fluorescence to contain the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (noradrenalin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8470001 sublumbar lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node A lymph node with a lymph center located within the caudal abdomen and pelvis, on the ventral side of the lumbar region. Includes the medial iliac, internal iliac (previously termed hypogastric) and sacral lymph nodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021155 abnormal heart left ventricle wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031533 abnormal heart left ventricle wall morphology anomaly in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021156 abnormal heart right ventricle wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020135 abnormal heart ventricle wall thickness anomaly in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021157 increased heart left ventricle wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021155 abnormal heart left ventricle wall thickness increase in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021158 decreased heart left ventricle wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021155 abnormal heart left ventricle wall thickness decrease in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021159 increased heart right ventricle wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021156 abnormal heart right ventricle wall thickness increase in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021160 decreased heart right ventricle wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021156 abnormal heart right ventricle wall thickness decrease in the depth of the cardiac wall of the heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021161 increased heart left ventricle posterior wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021157 increased heart left ventricle wall thickness increase in the depth of the cardiac wall on the posterior side of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021162 increased heart left ventricle anterior wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021157 increased heart left ventricle wall thickness increase in the depth of the cardiac wall on the anterior side of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021163 increased heart left ventricle septal wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021157 increased heart left ventricle wall thickness increase in the depth of the cardiac septal wall of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021165 behavioral developmental delay http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior late onset of the appearance or disappearance of a behavior or behavioral milestone during the development of an organism compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031423 abnormal luteolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009344 abnormal ovulation cycle any anomaly in the structural and functional degradation of the corpus luteum occurring at the end of the luteal phase of both the estrous and menstrual cycles in the absence of pregnancy; during normal luteolysis, loss of the capacity to synthesize and secrete progesterone (functional luteolysis) is followed by loss of the cells that comprise the corpus luteum (structural luteolysis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031424 enhanced female fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010143 enhanced fertility increased physiological ability of a female organism to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031425 enhanced male fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010143 enhanced fertility increased physiological ability of a male organism to produce live offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021171 abnormal granulocyte nuclear morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology any structural anomaly in the nucleus of granulocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021172 abnormal neutrophil nuclear morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021171 abnormal granulocyte nuclear morphology any structural anomaly in the nucleus of neutrophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021173 abnormal neutrophil nuclear segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021172 abnormal neutrophil nuclear morphology any anomaly in the number or structure of the lobes of the nucleus of neutrophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021174 decreased neutrophil nuclear segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021173 abnormal neutrophil nuclear segmentation reduced number of lobes of the neutrophil nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021175 symmetrical hyposegmentation of neutrophil nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021174 decreased neutrophil nuclear segmentation reduced number of lobes of the neutrophil nucleus and the remaining lobes have a symmetrical morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021176 asymmetrical hyposegmentation of neutrophil nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021174 decreased neutrophil nuclear segmentation reduced number of lobes of the neutrophil nucleus and the remaining lobes have an asymmetrical morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021177 increased neutrophil nuclear segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021173 abnormal neutrophil nuclear segmentation elevated number of lobes of the neutrophil nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021178 abnormal eosinophil nuclear morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021171 abnormal granulocyte nuclear morphology any structural anomaly in the nucleus of eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021179 abnormal eosinophil nuclear segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021178 abnormal eosinophil nuclear morphology any anomaly in the number or structure of the lobes of the nucleus of eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021180 decreased eosinophil nuclear segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021179 abnormal eosinophil nuclear segmentation reduced number of lobes of the eosinophil nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021181 increased eosinophil nuclear segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021179 abnormal eosinophil nuclear segmentation elevated number of lobes of the eosinophil nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021182 decreased femoral compact bone area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010968 decreased compact bone area reduction in the total amount of cross-sectional area of compact bone tissue in the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021183 increased femoral compact bone area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010967 increased compact bone area increase in the total amount of cross-sectional area of compact bone tissue in the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021184 decreased bone mineral density of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology reduction in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in the upper bone of the forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021185 increased bone mineral density of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in the upper bone of the forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021186 decreased bone mineral density of vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology reduction in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021187 increased bone mineral density of vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spinal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021188 decreased bone mineral density of presacral vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021186 decreased bone mineral density of vertebrae reduction in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021189 increased bone mineral density of presacral vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021187 increased bone mineral density of vertebrae elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021190 decreased bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021188 decreased bone mineral density of presacral vertebrae reduction in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021191 increased bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021189 increased bone mineral density of presacral vertebrae elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spine located anterior to the sacral vertebrae and posterior to the thoracic vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021192 decreased bone mineral density of sacral vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021186 decreased bone mineral density of vertebrae reduction in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spine located posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021193 increased bone mineral density of sacral vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021187 increased bone mineral density of vertebrae elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the spine located posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021194 decreased bone mineral density of caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021186 decreased bone mineral density of vertebrae reduction in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the coccyx or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021195 increased bone mineral density of caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021187 increased bone mineral density of vertebrae elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments of the coccyx or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021196 decreased bone mineral density of cervical vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021188 decreased bone mineral density of presacral vertebrae reduction in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments located anterior to the thoracic vertebrae and caudal to the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021197 increased bone mineral density of cervical vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021189 increased bone mineral density of presacral vertebrae elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in any of the bony segments located anterior to the thoracic vertebrae and caudal to the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021198 abnormal sleep duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011396 abnormal sleep behavior any anomaly in the amount of time spent asleep in a defined period of time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000050567 protein-containing material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A material entity that minimally consists of a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014247 long photoreceptor inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003730 abnormal photoreceptor inner segment morphology increased length of the photoreceptor region which contains the machinery of the cell (mitochondria, golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, etc) and where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014238 abnormal ribosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any anomaly in the structure of the intracellular organelle consisting of RNA and protein that is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014240 abnormal ribosome physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology any functional anomaly in the intracellular organelle consisting of RNA and protein that is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014242 abnormal ribosome biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014240 abnormal ribosome physiology any anomaly in the process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; including transport to the sites of protein synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014243 abnormal ribosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014242 abnormal ribosome biogenesis any anomaly in the process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014244 abnormal cellular ATP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the amount of the major energy source adenosine triphosphate inside cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014245 increased cellular ATP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014244 abnormal cellular ATP level elevated concentration of the major energy source adenosine triphosphate inside cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014246 decreased cellular ATP level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014244 abnormal cellular ATP level reduced concentration of the major energy source adenosine triphosphate inside cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014248 thin retina nerve fiber layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006303 abnormal retina nerve fiber layer morphology decreased thickness of the retinal layer formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014249 thick retina nerve fiber layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006303 abnormal retina nerve fiber layer morphology increased thickness of the retinal layer formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014250 disorganized retina nerve fiber layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006303 abnormal retina nerve fiber layer morphology derangement of the normal pattern of the retinal layer formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014251 absent retina nerve fiber layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006303 abnormal retina nerve fiber layer morphology absence of the retinal layer formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014252 abnormal paired-pulse ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003635 abnormal synaptic transmission any anomaly in the response of central synapses when activated twice in rapid succession as expressed by the ratio of the amplitude of the second response to the first response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014253 decreased paired-pulse ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014252 abnormal paired-pulse ratio decrease in the ratio of the amplitude of the second response to the first response in central synapses following activation twice in rapid succession http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014254 increased paired-pulse ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014252 abnormal paired-pulse ratio increase in the ratio of the amplitude of the second response to the first response in central synapses following activation twice in rapid succession http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014255 increased paired-pulse inhibition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004807 abnormal paired-pulse inhibition elevation in the suppressive response of central synapses when activated twice in rapid succession http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014256 decreased paired-pulse inhibition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004807 abnormal paired-pulse inhibition reduction in the suppressive response of central synapses when activated twice in rapid succession http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014257 embryonic lethality prior to tooth bud stage, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013293 embryonic lethality prior to tooth bud stage death of all organisms prior to the appearance of tooth buds (Mus: E12-E12.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014258 embryonic lethality prior to tooth bud stage, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013293 embryonic lethality prior to tooth bud stage the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms prior to the appearance of tooth buds (Mus: E12-E12.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014259 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis, complete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013292 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis death of all organisms prior to the completion of embryo turning (Mus: E9-9.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014260 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis, incomplete penetrance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013292 embryonic lethality prior to organogenesis the appearance of lower than Mendelian ratios of organisms of a given genotype due to death of some, but not all of the organisms prior to the completion of embryo turning (Mus: E9-9.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014261 abnormal spleen B cell follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008470 abnormal spleen B cell follicle morphology any anomaly in the number of areas of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014262 increased spleen B cell follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014261 abnormal spleen B cell follicle number increase in the number of areas of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014263 decreased spleen B cell follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014261 abnormal spleen B cell follicle number reduction in the number of areas of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014264 abnormal perivascular vein cell coverage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any anomaly in the extent to which the cells residing around veins surround the vessel, these cells include vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014265 thick retina inner plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003734 abnormal retina inner plexiform layer morphology increased thickness of the retinal cell layer where bipolar and amacrine cell axons synapse with ganglion cell dendrites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014266 thick retina outer plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003732 abnormal retina outer plexiform layer morphology increased thickness of the retinal layer that is the site of synapses between the rods and cones (axons) and the horizontal and bipolar cells (dendrites) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014276 lobar holoprosencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005157 holoprosencephaly the least severe form of holosprosencephaly, most of the brain is separated into two hemispheres but the division is incomplete with the cerebral hemispheres fused in the frontal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031517 interrupted aortic arch, type c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004157 interrupted aortic arch complete discontinuation/blockage between the ascending and descending aorta with the interruption located between the brachiocephalic (innominate) artery and the left common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023035 lateral ganglionic eminence derived neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that is derived from a precursor cell in the lateral ganglion eminence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033064 uterine resident macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000864 tissue-resident macrophage A tissue-resident macrophage that is part of the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000388 tendon cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000386 attachment cell An elongated fibrocyte that is part of a tendon. The cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon. They have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus. Tendon cells have a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and they are responsible for synthesis and turnover of tendon fibres and ground substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000310 breast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone The upper ventral region of the torso of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006247 iliac pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015054 iliac endochondral element An iliac endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000004 mobility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality of inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to move freely. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000014 color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001300 optical quality A composite chromatic quality composed of hue, saturation and intensity parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000016 color brightness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001300 optical quality A scalar optical property that is the intensity, value or amount of perceived light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000017 color saturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001301 chromatic property A scalar chromatic property that is the degree of purity of perceived light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000019 color pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A chromatic property that is the relative position of different hues or degrees of saturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A single physical entity inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's quantities or relative ratios of subparts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000033 concentration of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002182 molecular quality A quality inhering in a substance by virtue of the amount of the bearer's there is mixed with another substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000039 direction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's orientation in space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000040 distance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality that is the extent of space between two entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000044 frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0050000 rate of occurence A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the number of the bearer's repetitive actions in a particular time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000049 intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000068 qualitative A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's possessing or displaying a distinctive feature in type or degree or effect or force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000050 life span http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000165 time A time quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's expected maximum age. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000057 occurrence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002323 temporal distribution quality A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting repetition of placement of its parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000066 pilosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having hair or bristles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000069 deviation (from_normal) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000068 qualitative A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the whether the bearer differs from normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000070 amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000068 qualitative The number of entities of this type that are part of the whole organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000077 response to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the whether the bearer's disposition to react to a stimulus or an agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000078 rhythm quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002323 temporal distribution quality A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's movement or variation characterized by the regular recurrence or alternation of different quantities or conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000082 persistence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000078 rhythm quality A rhythm quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the repetitiveness of bearer's rhythm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000083 phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002323 temporal distribution quality A quality that exists by virtue of being a particular point in the time of a cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000085 sensitivity toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to detect or perceive external stimulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000117 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical magnitude. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000119 height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's vertical dimension of extension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000133 orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's placement which is defined by the angle between the bearer and an axis, or the angle between the bearer and another object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000136 closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A morphological quality pertaining to the degree to which an object contains an opening, aperture, orifice or vent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A morphology quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative position, shape, arrangements and connectivity of an organism's various parts; the pattern underlying its form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A morphologic quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's relative size, organization and distribution of its surface elements or the representation or invention of the appearance of its surface; visual and tactile surface characteristics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000152 threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000085 sensitivity toward A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's sensitivity towards a fixed location or value where a change is observed; upper limit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000161 rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002062 physical quality of a process A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence per unit time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000165 time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality in which events occur in sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000169 viability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer or a population by virtue of the bearer's disposition to survive and develop normally or the number of surviving individuals in a given population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000261 maturity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality A quality of a single physical entity which is held by a bearer when the latter exhibits a state of growth, differentiation, or development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000273 fecundity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001434 reproductive quality A reproductive quality inhering in an organism or population by virtue of the bearer's potential reproductive capacity ad measured by the number of gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000274 fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001434 reproductive quality A reproductive quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000277 female fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000274 fertility A fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000279 male fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000274 fertility A fertility quality of inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000297 arrested http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002324 offset quality A quality of a process which ends earlier than the natural end time or reference process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000299 mobile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000004 mobility A mobility quality of inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to move freely. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000319 cyan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000014 color A color consisting of green and blue hue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000322 red http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000014 color A color hue with high wavelength of the long-wave end of the visible spectrum, evoked in the human observer by radiant energy with wavelengths of approximately 630 to 750 nanometers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000323 white http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000014 color An achromatic color of maximum brightness; the color of objects that reflect nearly all light of all visible wavelengths. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000324 yellow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000014 color A color hue with medium wavelength of that portion of the visible spectrum lying between orange and green, evoked in the human observer by radiant energy with wavelengths of approximately 570 to 590 nanometers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000327 low brightness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000016 color brightness A color brightness which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000328 low saturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000017 color saturation A color saturation which is of low purity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000329 blotchy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001533 multi-colored A color pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's being marked with irregularly shaped spots or blots of a different hue or degree of saturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000330 irregular spatial pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's magnitude of or the relationships between its repeated parts lack consistency. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000333 spotted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001533 multi-colored A color pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's being marked with a round area of different hue or degree of saturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000337 colorless http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000019 color pattern A color quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking color. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000374 increased distance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A distance which is greater relative to the normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000375 decreased distance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A distance which is lesser relative to the normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000380 increased frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0055003 increased rate of occurrence A frequency which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000381 decreased frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0055004 decreased rate of occurrence A frequency which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000396 severe intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000049 intensity An intensity which is extremely bad or unpleasant in type or degree or effect or force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000402 branched http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002009 branchiness A branchiness quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000403 cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001857 concave A concave quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's resembling a groove or fissure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000404 coiled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001794 coiling A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curled or wound (especially in concentric rings or spirals). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000405 curled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having parallel chains in undulate fashion on the border. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001591 curvature A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or being marked by a curve or smoothly rounded bend. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000407 flat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002254 flattened A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a horizontal surface without a slope, tilt, or curvature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000411 circular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000947 elliptic A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being such that every part of the surface or the circumference is equidistant from the center. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000413 square http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002317 parallelogram A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having an equal-sided rectangular form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000415 uncoiled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001794 coiling A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being not curled or wound (especially in concentric rings or spirals). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000427 recurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000057 occurrence A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurring or appearing again or repeatedly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000440 regular spatial pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A pattern quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a repeatable or predictable placement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000453 glabrous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000066 pilosity A pilosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lack of hairs or bristles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000460 abnormal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000069 deviation (from_normal) A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's deviation from normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000461 normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000068 qualitative A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting no deviation from normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000462 absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000070 amount A quality denoting the lack of an entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000467 present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000070 amount A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's existence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000470 increased amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002300 increased quality An amount which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000487 responsive to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000077 response to A response quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to react to a stimulus or an agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000498 increased duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002304 increased process quality A duration quality of a process which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000499 decreased duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002302 decreased process quality A duration quality of a process which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000500 advanced phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000083 phase A phase which occurs earlier than the natural start time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000502 delayed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002325 onset quality A quality of a process which starts later than the natural start time or the reference process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000504 arrhythmic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000078 rhythm quality A rhythm quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking rhythm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000513 insensitive toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000085 sensitivity toward A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking sensitivity toward an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000516 sensitive toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000085 sensitivity toward A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having sensitivity toward an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000547 photosensitive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000927 photosensitivity A photosensitivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting photosensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000569 decreased height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000587 decreased size A height which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000570 increased height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000586 increased size A height which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000573 increased length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000122 length A length quality which is relatively large. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000574 decreased length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000122 length A length quality which is relatively small. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000584 hypertrophic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000595 increased volume An increased size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting enlargement of a cell or constituent group of cells (for example, organ). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000585 hypotrophic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000596 decreased volume A decreased size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting reduced size of a cell or constituent group of cells (for example, organ). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000586 increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A size quality which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000587 decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A size quality which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000588 vestigial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being a remnant structure from earlier development or evolution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000591 increased thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000915 thickness A thickness which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000592 decreased thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000915 thickness A thickness which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000595 increased volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000918 volume A volume which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000596 decreased volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000918 volume A volume which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000599 decreased width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000921 width A width which is relatively small. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000600 increased width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000921 width A width which is relatively large. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000608 closed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000136 closure A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's affording blocked passage or view. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000609 closure incomplete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000610 open A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's affording not completed blocked passage or view. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000610 open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000136 closure A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's affording unobstructed passage or view. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000614 oriented http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000440 regular spatial pattern A pattern where all the repeated elements are oriented in the same direction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000616 asymmetrical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000965 symmetry A symmetry quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking symmetry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000617 bent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having one or more angle(s) in its length. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000622 erect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being upright in position or posture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000623 exserted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001598 protruding A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's protruding or projecting from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000625 inverted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000614 oriented An oriented quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being reversed in position, order, or condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000628 mislocalised http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002181 displaced A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue the bearer's being changed in abnormal position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000634 unilateral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's involvement of only one part or side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000639 degenerate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002037 degeneration A structural quality inhering in a bearer whose structure deteriorates or is lost over time due to an active pathological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000640 dysplastic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting an alteration in size, shape or organization of its constituent cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000642 fused with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being merged with another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000643 herniated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001598 protruding A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's bodily structure that has protruded through an abnormal opening in the wall that contains it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000644 hyperplastic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A physical quality inhering in an organ or tissue by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting an increased number of cells, typically associated with an increase in size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000645 hypoplastic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A physical quality inhering in an organ or tissue by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting a decreased number of cells, typically associated with a decrease in size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000646 malformed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001617 deformed A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being distorted during formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000647 necrotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's undergoing unprogrammed cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000648 obstructed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000608 closed A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being blocked or filled with obstacles or an obstacle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000688 asynchronous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000057 occurrence A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's not occurring or existing at the same time or having the same period or phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000689 continuous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000057 occurrence A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being uninterrupted in time, sequence, substance, or extent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000690 discontinuous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000057 occurrence A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being marked by breaks or interruptions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000694 premature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002325 onset quality A quality of a process which starts earlier than the natural start time or the reference process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000700 rough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's irregular surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000706 increased threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A threshold which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000708 decreased threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A threshold which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000718 lethal (sensu genetics) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000169 viability A viability quality inhering in a population by virtue of the bearer's long term survival inability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000763 paralysed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002076 movement behavioral quality A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being affected by loss of the ability to move a body part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000888 female fertile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000277 female fertility A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's disposition to initiate, sustain, or support reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000890 male sterile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000956 sterile A male fertility quality inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000891 male fertile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000279 male fertility A male fertility quality inhering in a male by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000892 female sterile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000956 sterile A female fertility quality inhering in a female by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000911 decreased rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002302 decreased process quality A rate which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000912 increased rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002304 increased process quality A rate which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000915 thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000921 width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000927 photosensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000085 sensitivity toward A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being sensitivity to the action of radiant energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000936 truncated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's terminating abruptly by having or as if having an end or point cut off. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000937 disorganized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002264 organization quality A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking organisation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000941 vacuolated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002014 structure, cavities A structural quality inhering in a cytoplasm that contains fluid filled cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000944 sharpness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a sharp or tapered end or point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000947 elliptic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002318 superelliptic A spheroid quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being oval with two axes of symmetry, as produced by a conical section. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000955 fertile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000274 fertility A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000956 sterile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000274 fertility A fertility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being incapable of initiating, sustaining, or supporting reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000957 opacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001300 optical quality An optical quality which obtains by virtue of the ability of the bearer to absorb visible light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000963 opaque http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000957 opacity A optical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's not being clear; not transmitting or reflecting light or radiant energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000964 transparent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000957 opacity A optical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking opacity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000965 symmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A pattern quality of inhering in a bearer by virtue of the correspondence in size, shape, and relative position of the bearer's parts on opposite sides of a dividing line or median plane or about a center or axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000967 undulate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a sinuate margin and rippled surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000970 permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being permeated or pervaded by a gas or liquid (as by osmosis or diffusion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000982 permeable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000970 permeability A permeability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable to be permeated or pervaded by a gas or liquid (as by osmosis or diffusion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000992 viscosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001548 quality of a liquid A physical quality of a fluid inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to internal resistance to flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000998 viscous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000992 viscosity A viscosity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having viscosity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001019 mass density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of some influence is exerted by the bearer's mass per unit size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001020 damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of whether the bearer has been harmed or injured or spoiled. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001031 elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to recover its size and shape after deformation in any way. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001043 susceptibility toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000085 sensitivity toward A quality inhering in an entity by virtue of the bearer's propensity to resist an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001046 resistance to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to resist to a stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001152 susceptible toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001043 susceptibility toward A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having susceptibilty toward an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001154 elongated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's length being notably higher than its width. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001164 dense http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001019 mass density A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting density. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001171 elastic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001031 elasticity An elasticity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to recover its size and shape after deformation in any way. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001178 resistant to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001046 resistance to A resistance quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's resistance to a stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001185 larval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000261 maturity A maturity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001190 juvenile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000261 maturity A maturity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue the bearer's being not fully grown or developed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001191 medial to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the middle relative to another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001192 hyperresponsive to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A response quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's excessive reaction to a stimulus or an agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001194 hyporesponsive to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A response quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's limited reaction to a stimulus or an agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001230 strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's power or force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001236 process quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality A quality which inheres in an process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001292 full-spectrum EM radiation quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070060 quality of interaction of a substance with electromagnetic radiation An EM radiation quality that is independent of the EM wavelength range. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001294 radiation reflective quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001292 full-spectrum EM radiation quality A scalar EM radiation quality which obtains by the capacity of the bearer to scatter or reflect radiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001297 reflectivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001294 radiation reflective quality A radiation reflective quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the ratio of the energy of a wave reflected from its surface to the energy possessed by the wave striking the bearer's surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001300 optical quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070060 quality of interaction of a substance with electromagnetic radiation An EM radiation quality in which the EM radiation is within the fiat range of the spectrum visible deemed to be light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001301 chromatic property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001300 optical quality An optical quality that is the mixture, purity or pattern of wavelengths of light perceived by the observer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001303 variability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to varying or changing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001304 variability of temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001303 variability A variability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of whether the bearer exhibits temperature variation or change. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001305 increased temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000146 temperature A temperature which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001306 decreased temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000146 temperature A temperature which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001309 duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002062 physical quality of a process A process quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's magnitude of the temporal extent between the starting and ending point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001323 area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001709 2-D extent A 2-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's two dimensional extent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001333 temporally extended http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002324 offset quality A quality of a process which ends later than the natural end time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001334 diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent A length quality which is equal to the length of any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle and whose endpoints are on the circular boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001354 translucent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000957 opacity A optical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting low opacity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001359 rugose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001925 surface feature shape A surface feature shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having many wrinkles or creases on the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001362 fragile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001662 fragility A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being easily damaged or destroyed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001365 spiny http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001925 surface feature shape A surface feature shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having spines, thorns or similar thin projections on its surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001373 glistening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001297 reflectivity A reflectivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's reflecting lots of light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001393 euploid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001374 ploidy A ploidy quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing an integral multiple of the monoploid number, possibly excluding the sex-determining chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001397 cellular potency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality A cellular quality that arises by virtue of whether the bearer's disposition to differentiate into one or more mature cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001400 unipotent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001397 cellular potency A cellular potency that is the capacity to produce only one differentiated cell type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001401 oligopotent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001397 cellular potency A cellular potency that is the capacity to form multiple differentiated cell types of a specific lineage and lack self renewing capacity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001402 multipotent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001397 cellular potency A cellular potency that is the capacity to form multiple differentiated cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality A cellular quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's number of nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001405 anucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having no nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001406 binucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001908 multinucleate A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having two nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001407 mononucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002505 nucleated A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001408 ciliatedness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality A cellular quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having thin, tail-like projections extending outwards from the cell body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001410 striated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being marked by narrow lines or grooves, usually parallel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001419 sharp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000944 sharpness A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's terminating in a point or edge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001433 growth quality of occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001236 process quality A quality of a single process which describes the growth of an organism, structure, or group of organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001434 reproductive quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to produce new life or offspring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001435 attachment quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having connection or association with another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001439 tonicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001579 contractility A contractile quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's elastic tension that facilitate response to stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001442 wholeness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of whether the bearer includes all its components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001444 broken http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001442 wholeness A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's components no longer being in a single contiguous unit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001447 calcified http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's being encrusted or impregnated with calcium carbonate (CHEBI:3311). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001448 ossified http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001447 calcified A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's being hardened by the deposition of calcium into bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001450 edematous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A structural quality which is held by a bearer when the latter exhibits an excessive accumulation of extracellular fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001453 detached from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001435 attachment quality An attachment quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking connection or association with another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001457 sensitivity of a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002062 physical quality of a process A quality of a process inhering in bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to respond to stimulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001463 action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001464 electric potential A quality inhering in a cell's plasma membrane by virtue of a brief fluctuation in the bearer's potential caused by the rapid opening and closing of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001464 electric potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality that is equal to the potential energy per unit charge associated with a static (time-invariant) electric field, also called the electrostatic potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001468 curved dorsal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved towards the back or upper surface of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001469 curved ventral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved towards the abdomen of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001470 proportionality to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's magnitude in respect to a related entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001472 decreased depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001595 depth A depth which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001473 duplicated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000470 increased amount A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being present in two copies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001475 increased position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A position which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001476 decreased position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A positional which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001477 retracted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being drawn in or pulled back from any given point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001478 collapsed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being broken down; caved in. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001481 sloped http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having an oblique or slanted direction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001482 prominent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0015007 prominence A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's standing out or projecting beyond a surface or line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001485 condensed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being thicker or more closely packed together; pressed tightly together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001490 heterochronic growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001433 growth quality of occurrent A growth quality of a process inhering in an organism, structure, or group of organisms by virtue of the bearer's reduced or increased growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001499 spherical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001865 spheroid A spheroid quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's resembling a ball (a sphere whose equatorial diameter is equal to the polar diameter). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001500 tapered http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001419 sharp A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being gradually narrower or thinner toward one end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001501 immature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000261 maturity A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking complete growth, differentiation, or development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001507 disrupted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000057 occurrence A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being interrupted of its normal course. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001509 functionality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality of a single physical entity that arises by virtue of whether the bearer exhibits the ability to perform a regular function(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001510 functional http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001509 functionality A functionality quality held by the bearer when the latter is able to perform a regular function(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001511 non-functional http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001509 functionality A disfunctional quality held by the bearer when the latter is unable to perform a regular function(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001514 delaminated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking some outer layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001533 multi-colored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000019 color pattern A color pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's having two or more hues or degrees of saturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001534 motley http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001533 multi-colored A color pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's having 3 or more hues or degrees of saturations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001535 dappled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001533 multi-colored A color pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of bearer's being marked with small spots, patches, or specks of hue or degree of saturation differing from that of the background. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001542 delayed phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000083 phase A phase which starts later than natural start point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001543 flexibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001546 quality of a solid A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001544 flexible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001543 flexibility A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability of being turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001549 increased sensitivity toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A sensitivity toward an external stimulus which is higher than normal/average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001550 decreased sensitivity toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A sensitivity toward an external stimulus which is lower than normal/average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001551 increased sensitivity of a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002304 increased process quality A sensitivity of a process which is higher than normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001552 decreased sensitivity of a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002302 decreased process quality A sensitivity of a process which is lower than normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001555 has number of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality The number of parts of a particular type that the bearer entity has. This is a relational quality, and thus holds between two entities: the bearer of the quality, and the type of parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001558 lacking processual parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001564 extra or missing processual parts A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking a processual part as specified by the additional entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001559 having extra function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A functionality quality which is held by the bearer when the latter is able to perform additional or different function(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001562 decreased mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000125 mass A mass which is lower than normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001563 increased mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000125 mass A mass which is higher than normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001564 extra or missing processual parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001236 process quality A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processual parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001566 distributed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being spread out or scattered about or divided up. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001570 having decreased processual parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001564 extra or missing processual parts A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having fewer processual parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001571 dilated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000586 increased size A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being made wider or larger in all dimensions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001573 isometrical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000965 symmetry A symmetry quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having equal dimensions or measurements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001575 decreased pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001025 pressure A pressure which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001576 increased pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001025 pressure A pressure which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001577 increased permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A permeability which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001578 decreased permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A permeability which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001579 contractility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality that is the ability to contract or shrink. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001585 conductivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to transmit of an entity through a medium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001586 variability of rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001303 variability A variability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of whether the bearer exhibits rate variation or change. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001587 increased variability of rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002300 increased quality A variability of rate which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001588 decreased variability of rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002301 decreased quality A variability of rate which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001590 overlap with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's coinciding spatially, partially or wholly with another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001591 curvature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A surface shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting a degree of bending. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001592 increased curvature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A curvature which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001593 decreased curvature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A curvature which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001594 arched http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001857 concave A concave quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's forming or resembling an arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001595 depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent A 1-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's downward or backward or inward dimension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001596 increased depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001595 depth A depth quality which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001597 everted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000614 oriented An oriented quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being turned outward in placement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001598 protruding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001599 rotated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000614 oriented An oriented quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being relocated around an axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001600 posteriorly rotated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001599 rotated A rotation quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of being rotated towards the rear of organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001601 anteriorly rotated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001599 rotated A rotation quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of being rotated towards the front of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001602 distended http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000586 increased size A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being abnormally expanded or increased in size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001603 increased life span http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A life span which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001604 decreased life span http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A life span which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001605 disheveled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000330 irregular spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being in disarray; extremely disorderly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001606 greasy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002012 coating A coating which is oily and slippery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001607 matted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001846 tangled A tangled quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being not possible to unravel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001608 patchy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000330 irregular spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being marked by, consisting of, or diversified with patches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001609 sparse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being scattered; spread irregularly, and at a distance from each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001611 variability of color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001303 variability A variability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of whether the bearer exhibits color variation or change. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001612 increased variability of color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002300 increased quality A variability of color which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001613 decreased variability of color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002301 decreased quality A variability of color which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001615 variant color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001611 variability of color A variability quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or exhibiting variation of colour. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001617 deformed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being distorted in form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001618 increased tonicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A tonicity which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001619 decreased tonicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A tonicity which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001620 turgor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a cell or blood vessel or capillary by virtue of the bearer's being in a rigid state of fullness resulting from pressure of the contents against the wall or membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001621 decreased turgor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A turgor which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001622 increased turgor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A turgor which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001623 atrophied http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000587 decreased size A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of a part or parts of the bearer's being decreased in size due to reduction in tissue mass through wasting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001624 decreased functionality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A functionality quality held by the bearer when the latter exhibits decreased ability to perform a regular function(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001625 increased functionality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001559 having extra function A functional quality held by the bearer when the latter exhibits increased ability to perform a regular function(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001626 sufficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001509 functionality A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of whether the bearer has enough functionality. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001628 insufficient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001626 sufficiency A wholeness quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacks enough functionality. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001646 protruding out of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001598 protruding A quality inhering into a bearer by virtue of the bearer's extending out above or beyond its surface or boundary and outwards in relation to the physical space occupied by another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001648 circumference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001711 perimeter An 1-D extent quality which is equal to the length of the closed curve of a circle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001649 curved lateral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved towards the side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001650 increased resistance to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A resistance to a stimulus which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001651 decreased resistance to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A resistance to a stimulus which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001652 alignment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial positioning with respect to an additional entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001654 misaligned with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001652 alignment An alignment quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being in a improper spatial positioning with respect to an additional entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001655 osmolarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000033 concentration of A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001656 decreased osmolarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A osmolarity which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001657 increased osmolarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A osmolarity which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001658 dorsally rotated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001599 rotated A rotation quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of being rotated towards the back or upper surface of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001659 ventrally rotated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001599 rotated A rotation quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of being rotated towards the abdomen of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001662 fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being damaged or destroyed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001667 attached to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001435 attachment quality An attachment quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's connection or association with another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001669 increased susceptibility toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A susceptibility toward an external stimulus which is higher than normal/average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001670 decreased susceptibility toward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A susceptibility toward an external stimulus which is lower than normal/average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001671 increased distribution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001566 distributed A distribution which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001672 decreased distribution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001566 distributed A distribution which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001673 cystic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002014 structure, cavities Structure quality that is the presence of at least one sac-like closed membranous structure containing one or more liquid or solid organism substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001690 contractile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001579 contractility A contractility quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability of contracting or being contracted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001695 increased fecundity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A fecundity which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001696 decreased fecundity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A fecundity which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001697 decreased photosensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A photosensitivity which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001698 increased photosensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A photosensitivity which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000117 size A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in one dimension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001709 2-D extent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000117 size A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in two dimensions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001710 3-D extent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000117 size A size quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's extension in three dimensions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001711 perimeter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent An 1-D extent quality inhering in two-dimensional bearer by virtue of being equal to the distance around it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001712 increased perimeter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001711 perimeter A perimeter which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001713 decreased perimeter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001711 perimeter A perimeter which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001714 increased diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001334 diameter A diameter which is relatively large. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001715 decreased diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001334 diameter A diameter which is relatively small. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001735 liquid configuration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001548 quality of a liquid A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's parts having the arrangement which exhibits characteristics of liquids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001736 solid configuration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001546 quality of a solid A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's parts having the arrangement which exhibits characteristics of solids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001748 invaginated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001857 concave A shape quality in which a portion of the outermost boundary of an entity folds in space such that a portion that was originally convex is now concave. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001749 paedomorphic growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001490 heterochronic growth A heterochronic growth quality inhering in an organism, structure, or group of organisms by virtue of the bearer's reduced growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001759 granular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A composition quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001769 positional polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's location of features or characteristics along an axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001775 dorsal-ventral polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001769 positional polarity A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's location of features or characteristics along the dorsal-ventral axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001776 increased flexibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A flexibility which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001777 decreased flexibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A flexibility which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001778 increased strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A strength which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001779 decreased strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A strength which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001780 dystrophic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000587 decreased size A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being abnormally developed, usually due to malnutrition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001781 irregular thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000915 thickness A thickness quality which lacks pattern. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001782 increased intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002300 increased quality An intensity which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001783 decreased intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002301 decreased quality An intensity which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001784 bifurcated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001786 split A branched quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being divided into two branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001785 splayed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved outward. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001786 split http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being divided or broken up into parts or divisions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001787 rotational curvature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001591 curvature A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved around an axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001788 increased mass density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A density which is higher relative to the normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001789 domed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a shape resembling a dome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001790 decreased mass density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A density which is lower relative to the normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001794 coiling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being wound in a continuous series of loops. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001795 increased coiling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A coiling which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001796 decreased coiling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A coiling which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001798 kinked http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000617 bent A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having multiple angles in its length. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001799 ruffled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting disturbance of its smoothness or regularity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001800 water composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the quantities or relative ratios of water of the inhering entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001801 decreased water composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the reduction in amount of water the bearer contains. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001802 loose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000330 irregular spatial pattern A pattern quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's not being compact or dense in arrangement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001803 phototoxic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000927 photosensitivity A photosensitivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being susceptible to damage by light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001804 scaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being covered or partially covered with scales. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001805 flaky http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's formed or tending to form flakes or thin, crisp fragments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001806 sensitivity to irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000085 sensitivity toward A sensitivity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exposure to radiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001807 decreased sensitivity to irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A sensitivity to irradiation which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001808 increased sensitivity to irradiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A sensitivity to irradiation which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001809 tight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000440 regular spatial pattern A pattern quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being compact or dense in arrangement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001810 wrinkled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002255 grooved A grooved texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being marked by one or more creases in a normally smooth surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001815 fatigability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001230 strength A strength quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to lose strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001816 increased fatigability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001815 fatigability A fatigability which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001818 progressive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000057 occurrence A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's increasing over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001819 atretic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000608 closed A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's absence or closure of a normal body orifice or tubular passage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001821 imperforate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002014 structure, cavities A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having no opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001822 wetness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of whether the bearer's being covered by a liquid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001823 wet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001822 wetness A wetness quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being covered by a liquid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001825 increased wetness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A wetness quality that is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001826 decreased wetness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A wetness quality that is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001827 pseudohermaphrodite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001894 phenotypic sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population by virtue of having internal reproductive organs of one sex and external sexual characteristics of the other sex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001828 male pseudohermaphrodite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001827 pseudohermaphrodite A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population by virtue of having internal reproductive organs of male and external sexual characteristics of female. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001829 female pseudohermaphrodite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001827 pseudohermaphrodite A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population by virtue of having internal reproductive organs of female and external sexual characteristics of male. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001830 decreased female fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A female fertility which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001831 increased female fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A female fertility which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001832 increased male fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A male fertility which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001833 decreased male fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A male fertility which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001834 decreased fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A fertility which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001835 increased fertility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A fertility which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001836 congested http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer with some kind of aperture or opening that is blocked or clogged. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001841 remittent intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000049 intensity An intensity which is characterized by temporary abatement in severity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001842 acidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000033 concentration of A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing acid (hydrogen ions). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001843 decreased acidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality An acidity which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001844 increased acidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality An acidity which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001845 irregular rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000078 rhythm quality A rhythm quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking rhythm lacking pattern. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001846 tangled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being entwined and difficult to unravel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001847 constricted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being drawn together, compressed or squeezed physically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001848 asymmetrically curved http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved asymmetrically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001849 abrased http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of a portion of the bearer's surface being scraped away. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001850 scarred http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue destroyed by injury or disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001851 swollen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structure quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting transient abnormal enlargement, not due to cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001852 dislocated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002181 displaced A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being out of its usual or proper place, or position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001857 concave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002005 concavity A shape quality in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's curving inward. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001858 partially paralysed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002076 movement behavioral quality A functionality quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of being not completely paralysed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001863 chronic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001309 duration A duration quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having slow progressive course of indefinite duration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001865 spheroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002007 convex 3-D shape A convex 3-D shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a quadric surface in three dimensions obtained by rotating an ellipse about one of its principal axes. Includes spheres and oblate/prolate spheroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001869 pathological http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000460 abnormal A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being abnormal and having a destructive effect on living tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001873 cylindrical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002007 convex 3-D shape A convex 3-D shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting a consistently-sized round cross section. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001874 discoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001873 cylindrical A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being cylindrical, in which the height is less than the diameter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001875 triangular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002006 2-D shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having three angles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001883 clavate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002008 concave 3-D shape A concave 3-D shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's gradually becoming thicker towards the end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001894 phenotypic sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical expression of sexual characteristics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001898 increased circumference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001712 increased perimeter A circumference which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001899 decreased circumference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001713 decreased perimeter A circumference which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001908 multinucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002505 nucleated A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having more than one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001910 folded http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001925 surface feature shape A surface feature shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's one part being layered over another connected part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001922 mislocalised posteriorly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000628 mislocalised A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being positioned towards the rear of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001925 surface feature shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A surface shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's shape of features present on its surface or outer shell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001928 blistered http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of a local accumulation of fluid underneath the surface of the bearer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001940 gigantic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000586 increased size A size quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being many folds greater relative to the normal average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001950 blunt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000944 sharpness A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's terminating gradually in a rounded end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001951 whorled http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being in opposition round a common axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001973 cuspidate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001500 tapered A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being tapering gradually into a rigid point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001987 saccular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002014 structure, cavities A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a three dimensional cavity with a narrow or no opening, and often containing an anatomical substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001988 quadrangular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002006 2-D shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having four angles and four sides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001992 cellularity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's consisting cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001993 multicellular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001992 cellularity A cellularity quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's consisting of more than one cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001997 decreased amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002301 decreased quality An amount which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001999 lacks parts or has fewer parts of type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002083 altered number of The bearer of this quality has_part < n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. This case includes the limit case, where the bearer lacks all parts of the specified type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002000 lacks all parts of type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001999 lacks parts or has fewer parts of type A quality of physical entities inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's lacking a physical part as specified by the additional entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002001 has fewer parts of type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality The bearer of this quality has_part < n AND has_part > 0 of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. Formally: If a bearer entity e has fewer parts of type X at time t, then the number of instances x of X at t such that x part_of e is < n, where n is either the normal number for comparable entities, or n is stated explicitly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002002 has extra parts of type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality The bearer of this quality has_part > n of the indicated entity type, where n is the normal amount for a comparable organism. Note that the bearer of the quality is the whole, not the part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002005 concavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape Surface shape that refers to the inward or outward curvature of the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002006 2-D shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape that inheres in a 2 dimensional entity, such as a cross section or projection of a 3 dimensional entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002007 convex 3-D shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002266 3-D shape A complete three dimensional shape in which for every line connecting pair of points on the object is within the object. Or: a shape lacking cavities. Contrast: concave. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002008 concave 3-D shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002266 3-D shape A complete three dimensional shape in which there is a line connecting pair of points on the object that lies outside the object. Or: a shape with cavities. Contrast: concave. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002009 branchiness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the degree to which there are subdivisions or offshoots in a bearer entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002012 coating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture A texture quality that exists through a liquid cover on the surface of the bearer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002014 structure, cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing hollow areas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002021 conical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002007 convex 3-D shape A convex 3-D shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's resembling a cone (a 3-D shape with a round cross section that tapers). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002027 osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000033 concentration of A concentration quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002028 decreased osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality An osmolality which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002029 increased osmolality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality An osmolality which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002031 upturned http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000406 curved A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved or tilted such that the tip points upwards. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002037 degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer exhibiting deterioration of its structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002039 biconcave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001857 concave A concave quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's curving inward on both sides or surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002041 anterior-posterior diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001334 diameter A diameter that is along the anterior-posterior axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002042 decreased anterior-posterior diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002041 anterior-posterior diameter An anterior-posterior diameter quality which is relatively small. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002043 increased anterior-posterior diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002041 anterior-posterior diameter An anterior-posterior diameter quality which is relatively large. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002045 dendritic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000402 branched A branched quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having smaller branches arising from larger branches. Resembling a tree in branching structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002049 lateral and rotional curvature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001787 rotational curvature A curvature quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being curved around an axis and towards the side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002051 increased occurrence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002304 increased process quality An occurrence which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002052 decreased occurrence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002302 decreased process quality An occurrence which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002055 increased fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A fragility which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002056 decreased fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A fragility which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002057 increased area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001323 area An area which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002058 decreased area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001323 area An area which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002067 stratification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's layered configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002076 movement behavioral quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000186 behavioral quality A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002078 hollow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002014 structure, cavities A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having an empty space or cavity within. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002083 altered number of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001555 has number of Having extra or fewer parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002089 polycystic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001673 cystic A structure quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's body containing more than one cyst - formations of sac-like closed membranous structures not associated with neoplasia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002094 basophilic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070045 anatomical histological quality An affinity inhering in an anatomical structure by virtue of the bearer exhibiting a molecular interaction for basic dyes under specific pH conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002107 peripheral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being at the edge or boundary of a related entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002112 perforate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002014 structure, cavities A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a hole or holes, especially a row or array of small holes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002124 laminar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's processing the form of a thin plate sheet or layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002125 nodular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's consisting a knot-like mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002126 osseous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002135 delayed closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000502 delayed A duration quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's delay to complete the closure of the opening of an anatomical entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002162 high-arched http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A concave quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's forming or resembling an arch of an increased apical height. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002166 premature closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000694 premature A duration quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's premature completion of the closure of the opening of an anatomical entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002168 displaced to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000133 orientation An angular placement quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer being changed in position in relation to another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002169 split medially http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001786 split A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being split along the median axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002170 split laterally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001786 split A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being split asymmetrically on one side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002171 split bilaterally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001786 split A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being split on two side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002175 spatial deviation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's changed direction of position towards another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002181 displaced http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue the bearer's being changed in position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002182 molecular quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality which inheres in a molecular entity, a single molecule, atom, ion, radical etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002198 quality of a substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of its constitution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002226 subcylindrical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001873 cylindrical A cylindrical shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being imperfectly cylindrical or approximately cylindrical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002247 degree of pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking of substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002248 pigmented http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002247 degree of pigmentation A degree of pigmentation quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002250 increased pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A degree of pigmentation quality that is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002251 decreased pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A degree of pigmentation quality that is relative low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002254 flattened http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001591 curvature A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's surface becoming more extended in a plane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002255 grooved http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000150 texture Texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being marked with one or more channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002257 multicuspidate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001973 cuspidate A cuscpidate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer possessing more than one cusp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002264 organization quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being arranged in a systematic fashion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002266 3-D shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape that inheres in a 3 dimensional entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002269 accumulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality of the collection or massing of one physical object within another physical object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002270 increased accumulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002269 accumulation An increased number of physical objects that are accumulated within another physical object usually as a result of a failure to break down or remove objects in a timely manner. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002281 biscupidate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002257 multicuspidate A cuscpidate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer possessing two cusps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002282 increased mobility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality A mobility which is relative high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002283 decreased mobility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality A mobility which is relative low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002287 increased elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality An elasticity which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002288 decreased elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality An elasticity which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002299 tubular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002078 hollow A cylindrical shape that is hollow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002300 increased quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000069 deviation (from_normal) A quality that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002301 decreased quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000069 deviation (from_normal) A quality that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002302 decreased process quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002301 decreased quality A quality of a process that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002303 decreased object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002301 decreased quality A quality of an object that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002304 increased process quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002300 increased quality A quality of a process that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002305 increased object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002300 increased quality A quality of an object that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002309 fiber shaped http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002226 subcylindrical A convex 3-D shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting a by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting a consistently sized and approximately round cross-section along its length, which is many times larger than its diameter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002317 parallelogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001988 quadrangular A convex quadrilateral is a parallelogram if and only if any one of the following statements are true: 1. Each diagonal divides the quadrilateral into two congruent triangles with the same orientation. 2. The opposite sides are congruent in pairs. 3. The diagonals bisect each other. 4. The opposite angles are congruent in pairs. 5. The sum of the squares of the sides equals the sum of the squares of the diagonals. (This is the parallelogram law) 6.It possesses rotational symmetry. 7.One pair of opposite sides are parallel and congruent. 8.Two pairs of adjacent angles are supplementary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002318 superelliptic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002006 2-D shape A shape constituting a transition between a rectangle and a circle; a closed curve, of which the circle and ellipse are special cases, whose parametric equation is x = a.cos2/rt, y = b.cos2/rt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002323 temporal distribution quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002062 physical quality of a process A temporal distribution pattern of process occurrences within a regulation/reference process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002324 offset quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002323 temporal distribution quality The temporal relation between the end of the process with respect to a reference process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002325 onset quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002323 temporal distribution quality The temporal relation between the start of the process with respect to a reference process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002326 angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000133 orientation An orientation inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's placement at an angle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002327 increased angle to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002326 angle An angle which is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002328 decreased angle to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002326 angle An angle which is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002403 generalized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000060 spatial pattern Affecting all regions without specificity of distribution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002418 acidophilic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070045 anatomical histological quality An affinity inhering in an anatomical structure by virtue of the bearer exhibiting a molecular interaction for acidic dyes under specific pH conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002422 acinar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure Pertaining to the individual parts making up an aggregate fruit like a many-lobed "berry," such as a raspberry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002444 mineralized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A composition quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being composed of or possessing inorganic material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002462 collagenous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A composition quality inhering in an bearer by virtue of the bearer's consisting of collagen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002468 distensible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0015008 distensibility A structure quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being capable of swelling or stretching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002478 transversely striated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001410 striated A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being marked by narrow lines or grooves, usually parallel, that are oriented transversely relative to the long axis of the bearer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002505 nucleated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality A nucleate quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having one or more nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002507 keratinous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition A composition quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's consisting of keratin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002519 cancellous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having an open, latticed, or porous structure; used especially of bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002539 ring shaped http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000947 elliptic A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a shape like a ring (a circular shape enclosing a space). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0010001 disconnected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A structural quality inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer consisting of multiple structures lacking any physical connection to each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0015006 polymeric http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A quality inhering in a structure by virtue of it consisting of many of repeated, similar or identical subunits, arranged in some orderly array. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0015007 prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the degree to which the bearers stands out or projects beyond a surface or line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0015008 distensibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000141 structure A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the extent to which the bearer is capable of being stretched or swollen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_373 CNS progenitor tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_565 tumors of neurepithelial tissue Neoplasms derived from neuroepithelial precursors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001726 abnormal allantois morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly fetal membrane which contributes to the formation of the umbilical cord and placental blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034948 carbon dioxide in respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034947 gas in respiratory system Any portion of gas located in a part of the respiratory system that is composed primarily of carbon dioxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035017 nociceptor nerve ending http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012449 mechanoreceptor A peripheral terminal of a peripheral, afferent sensory pain receptor cell that is sensitive to injury or pain, usually caused by extreme thermal exposures, mechanical forces, or other noxious stimuli. The nociceptor nerve ending innervates target tissue and transduces noxious stimuli to the central nervous system via some axon(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035044 olfactory cortex layer 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Deepest layer of olfactory cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035046 parotid gland intercalated duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014727 intercalated duct of salivary gland Any of the small intralobular tubular canal that leads directly from the serous acinus of the parotid gland to a striated (secretory) duct; in mouse, the intercalated ducts are short and narrow and are lined by low cuboidal epithelial cells with large central nuclei; they secrete bicarbonate ion into and absorb chloride ion from the acinar product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035047 parotid gland striated duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014729 striated duct of salivary gland Any of the intralobular secretory duct of the parotid gland which connects an intercalated duct to an interlobular excretory duct; striated ducts are lined by cuboidal to columnar acidophilic cells and are so-named because of characteristic striations in the basal portions of the cells which are due to the alignment of mitochondria between deep infoldings of the basal cell membrane; the nucleus is in the central part of the cell above the striations; as they approach the excretory ducts, their diameter may exceed that of the acini; striated ducts reabsorb sodium and secrete potassium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035077 lateral nasal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012278 gland of nasal mucosa Any of the lateral nasal glands (the largest nasal secretory glands in rodents) which surround the maxillary sinus located in the lateral wall adjacent to each nasal passage and are characterized by cytologic features similar to those described for the major serous salivary glands; secretory contents of the LNG drain into the nasal vestibule; the LNG is a major site for the synthesis and secretion of odorant-binding proteins that serve as odorant carriers in nasal mucus; it also, synthesizes large amounts of immunoglobulin A, which is important for immune defense of the upper respiratory tract, and testosterone and salivary androgen-binding proteins, which are likely important in olfaction and reproductive behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035091 extrinsic post-anal tail muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003665 post-anal tail muscle A post-anal tail that attaches outside the tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035097 iliocaudalis muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003897 axial muscle A muscle that attaches to the iliac crest and to a caudal vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035110 lateral plantar nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035109 plantar nerve A plantar nerve that supplies the lateral side of the plantar part of the foot, including pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035111 medial plantar nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035109 plantar nerve A plantar nerve that supplies the medial side of the plantar part of the foot, including pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035119 diastema between incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012111 diastema A space or gap any two incisors. This may be a midline diastema between central incisors, or a diastema located entirely in a single jaw quadrant between lateral incisors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035123 palatomaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4200215 suture Line of union, in the floor of the orbit, between the orbital process of the palatine bone and the orbital surface of the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035124 palatoethmoidal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4200215 suture A line of junction of the orbital process of the palatine bone and the orbital plate of the ethmoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035126 transverse palatine suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4200215 suture The line of junction between the processes of the maxilla and the horizontal parts of the palatine bones that form the hard palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035165 posterior surface of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035480 surface of prostate The flattened aspect of the prostate with a slight furrow facing the rectum and anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035201 gastrocolic ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034696 fold of peritoneum A major portion of the greater omentum between the stomach and the transverse colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035403 hypophysial artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies the pituitary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035435 right suprarenal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A vein that drains blood from the right adrenal gland into the inferior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035480 surface of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region The external portion of the prostate including the anterior, inferolateral, lateral and posterior surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035483 left suprarenal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A vein that drains blood from the left adrenal gland into the left renal artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035498 gastrophrenic ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament The portion of the greater omentum that extends from the greater curvature of the stomach to the inferior surface of the diaphragm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035523 anterior surface of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035480 surface of prostate The aspect of the prostate facing the pubic symphysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035539 esophageal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery Any of several arteries that arise from the aorta and supply blood to the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035608 dura mater lymph vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any lymph vessel that is located in the dura mater of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035610 hair canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Tubular connection between the epidermal surface and the most distal part of the inner root sheath. Contains the hair shaft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035617 peripharyngeal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The space filled with loose areolar tissue surrounding the pharynx; it is divided into two major divisions, the parapharyngeal space and the retropharyngeal space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035619 retropharyngeal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035617 peripharyngeal space The portion of the peripharyngeal space that is located posterior to the pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035649 nerve of penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve Any nerve that innervates the penis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035650 nerve of clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve Any nerve that innervates the clitoris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035655 paraumbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013126 vein of abdomen The small superficial veins that arise from the cutaneous veins, and run from the umbilicus along the round ligament of the liver; these terminate as accessory portal veins in the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035815 paracardial fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035814 pericardial fat Fat deposits in the mediastinum outside the parietal pericardium . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035825 left adrenal gland cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001235 adrenal cortex The thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035826 left adrenal gland medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001236 adrenal medulla The adrenal gland medulla that is in the left side of the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035827 right adrenal gland cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001235 adrenal cortex The thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035828 right adrenal gland medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001236 adrenal medulla The adrenal gland medulla that is in the right side of the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035838 esophagogastric junction mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa Mucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035839 esophagogastric junction submucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000009 submucosa Submucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035840 esophagogastric junction muscularis mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006676 muscularis mucosa Muscularis mucosa from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035841 esophagogastric junction muscularis propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat Muscularis propria from the lowest portion of the esophagus, just proximal to the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035845 enthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue The connective tissue between tendon and bone insertion sites, which acts to transmit tensile load from soft tissues to bone. They may be of the dense fibrous connective tissue or fibrocartilage type; fibrous entheses attach directly to bone or periosteum primarily via fibrous tissue, and fibrocartilaginous entheses attach to bone through a transitional layer of fibrocartilage from the fibrous tendon tissue the sites where tendons or ligaments insert into the bone. Recurring stress or inflammatory autoimmune disease can cause inflammation or occasionally fibrosis and calcification of the enthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035879 frontomaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture A suture between the frontal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035880 zygomaticomaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture A suture between the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035881 ethmoidomaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture A suture between the orbital surface of the body of the maxilla with the orbital plate of the ethmoid bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035882 sphenomaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture An inconstant suture between the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone and the body of the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035883 lacrimomaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture A suture between the lacrimal bone and the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035884 maxillary-premaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2002260 premaxillary-maxillary joint A suture between the maxilla and premaxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035922 intraculminate fissure of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003980 cerebellum fissure A fissure that divides the culmen lobule (lobules IV and V). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035956 epididymal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The lumen of the epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036068 subglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract The lower portion of the larynx, extending from just beneath the vocal cords down to the top of the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036185 Sertoli cell barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014914 haemolymphatic fluid-testis barrier The blood-testis barrier (abbreviated as BTB) is a physical barrier between the blood vessels and the seminiferous tubules of the animal testes. The barrier is formed by tight connections between the Sertoli cells, which are sustentacular cells (supporting cells) of the seminiferous tubules, and nourish the spermatogonia. The barrier prevents passage of cytotoxic agents (bodies or substances that are toxic to cells) into the seminiferous tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061938 protein localization to somatodendritic compartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization A process in which a protein is transported to or maintained in a location within the somatodendritic compartment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030229 abnormal craniofacial suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030878 abnormal fibrous joint morphology any structural anomaly of any of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joints between cranial and/or facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030243 abnormal chin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the inferior portion of the face lying inferior to the lower lip and including the central prominence of the lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110057 regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045601 regulation of endothelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110058 positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045603 positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110059 negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045602 negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140112 extracellular vesicle biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044085 cellular component biogenesis The assembly and secretion a set of components to form an extracellular vesicule, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region. Extracellular vesicles include exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies, based on the mechanism by which they are released from cells and differentiated based on their size and content. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030363 abnormal anterior fontanelle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000084 abnormal fontanelle morphology any structural anomaly of the diamond-shaped membranous interval between the two frontal and two parietal bones of the developing fetal skull; it is the largest fontanelle, located at the bregma, at the junction of the coronal, sagittal and metopic (frontal) sutures of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030384 short facial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology length reduction or truncation of one or more facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology failure to develop or absence of one or more facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005274 abnormal viscerocranium morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in a facial bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030388 large fontanelles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000084 abnormal fontanelle morphology an abnormally increased size of one or more fontanelles for age-related norms, generally resulting from delayed or incomplete fontanelle closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030435 premature craniofacial suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003418 premature intramembranous bone ossification early closure of any joint (suture) between cranial and/or facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002468 regulation of water consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000064 regulation of drinking behavior Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of water consumption, the specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030754 abnormal histamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002503 abnormal histamine physiology anomaly in the amount of histamine, an amine derived from the decarboxylation of histidine that is involved in local immune responses, in regulating physiological function in the gut, and that acts as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus; histamine is involved in the inflammatory response and has a central role as a mediator of itching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030663 abnormal arginine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha- is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030805 abnormal limb joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology any structural anomaly of any joint that is part of a (free) limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030615 ethylmalonic aciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030613 dicarboxylic aciduria increased concentration of ethylmalonic acid in the urine; ethylmalonic acid is a dicarboxylic acid obtained by substitution of one of the methylene hydrogens of malonic acid by an ethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140297 DNA-binding transcription factor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008134 transcription factor binding Binding to a DNA-binding transcription factor, a protein that interacts with a specific DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within the regulatory region of a gene to modulate transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008031 cortical interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010012 cerebral cortex neuron An interneuron that has its soma located in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140352 export from cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The directed movement of some substance from a cell, into the extracellular region. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120211 proacrosomal vesicle fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism Fusion of the membrane of proacrosomal vesicle with the membrane of another proacrosomal vesicle to form the acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150104 transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010232 vascular transport The directed movement of substances (e.g. macromolecules, small molecules, ions) through the blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020871 abnormal locomotor response to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020158 abnormal behavioral response to cocaine any anomaly in locomotor activity following an acute or repeated exposure to the psychostimulant cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020895 abnormal acute locomotor response to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020871 abnormal locomotor response to cocaine any anomaly in the expected locomotor response to a single exposure to cocaine in a drug-naive animal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020896 abnormal locomotor sensitization to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020871 abnormal locomotor response to cocaine any anomaly in the expected increase in locomotor activation to cocaine upon repeated exposures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020897 abnormal initiation of locomotor sensitization to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020896 abnormal locomotor sensitization to cocaine any anomaly in the expected increase in locomotor activation after second exposure to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020898 abnormal expression of locomotor sensitization to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020896 abnormal locomotor sensitization to cocaine any anomaly in the maintenance of locomotor sensitization to cocaine after a period of no exposure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020899 abnormal cocaine conditioned locomotor activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020871 abnormal locomotor response to cocaine any anomaly in the locomotor response to a cocaine-paired environment in the absence of the cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020900 abnormal middle ear epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial layer of the middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020901 abnormal middle ear goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020900 abnormal middle ear epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the mucin secreting cells located in the middle ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020902 abnormal middle ear goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020901 abnormal middle ear goblet cell morphology any anomaly in the number of goblet cells in the middle ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020903 increased middle ear goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020902 abnormal middle ear goblet cell number greater than the expected number of goblet cells in the middle ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020904 decreased middle ear goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020902 abnormal middle ear goblet cell number fewer than the expected number of goblet cells in the middle ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030984 increased circulating osteocalcin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011922 abnormal circulating osteocalcin level greater than the normal blood concentration of this noncollagenous protein hormone found in bone and dentin, which is secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030985 decreased circulating osteocalcin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011922 abnormal circulating osteocalcin level less than the normal blood concentration of this noncollagenous protein hormone found in bone and dentin, which is secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030986 striatum atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012468 decreased striatum size acquired diminution of the size of the striatum associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030987 spinal cord inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006082 CNS inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030988 dysosmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001984 abnormal olfaction any qualitative alteration or distortion of the perception of smell; qualitative alterations differ from quantitative alterations, which include anosmia and hyposmia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030989 decreased spongiotrophoblast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008959 abnormal spongiotrophoblast cell morphology reduction in the number of trophoblast cells that arise in the junctional zone of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030990 nerve inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in one or more nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030991 optic nerve inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030990 nerve inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030992 atrioventricular cushion hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000301 decreased atrioventricular cushion size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the atrioventricular cushion, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030993 abnormal adipose tissue glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level any anomaly in the concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030994 decreased adipose tissue glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030993 abnormal adipose tissue glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030995 increased adipose tissue glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030993 abnormal adipose tissue glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000050216 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001006 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C that is a translation product of a transcript that minimally includes the region encoded by the variable exon 4(A). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020957 abnormal meiotic drive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis any anomaly in the process that results in the unequal transmission of alleles, haplotypes, or chromosomes from a parental genome to gametes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031204 hindlimb paresis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000754 paresis mild loss of strength in one or both of the hindlimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_189846 dicarboxylic fatty acid dianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61697 fatty acid derivative Any fatty acid that contains 2 carboxylic groups. Major microspecies at pH 7.3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021106 abnormal secondary ovarian follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001131 abnormal ovarian follicle morphology any structural anomaly in a maturing ovarian follicle that has two or more layers of granulosa cells but lacks antra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021090 abnormal dendrite arborization pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology any anomaly in the structure of the tree-like branching pattern of the dendritic arbor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004100 abnormal spinal cord interneuron morphology any structural anomaly spinal cord interneurons that arise from the dorsal pool of progenitor cells and are associated primarily with sensory processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021092 abnormal dorsal interneuron 1 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal interneurons that migrate to the deep dorsal horn and intermediate gray tissue, recieve proprioceptive input from the periphery, form commissural projections of dorsal and ventral spinaocerebellar tracts, and are characterized by expression of Atoh1, Brn3a, Barhl1, and Lhx9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021093 abnormal dorsal interneuron 2 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal interneurons that are ascending, contralaterally projecting, relay interneurons, migrate to the intermediate spinal cord and ventral horn, and are characterized by expression of Olig3, Nlgn1, Brn3a, Foxd3, Lhx1, and Lhx5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021094 abnormal dorsal interneuron 3 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal interneurons that are excitatory, located in the deep dorsal horn and intermediate spinal cord, target motor neurons monosynaptically, have axons projecting rostrally, ipsilaterally, and longitudinally, and are characterized by expression of Acsl1, Gsh2, Brn3a, Tlx3, Isl1, and Drg11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021095 abnormal dorsal interneuron 4 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal interneurons that are GABAergic, project ipsilaterally, are somatosensory associative, migrate to the deep dorsal horn, and are characterized by expression of Msx1, Ascl1, Gsh1, Gsh2, Lbx1, Pax2, Lhx1, Lhx5, and Ptf1a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021096 abnormal dorsal interneuron 5 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal interneurons that are roof-plate independent, glutamatergic, somatosensory, project contralaterally, and are characterized by expression of Pax6, Irx3, Dbx2, Ascl1, Lbx1, Tlx3, Lmxb1b, and Brn3a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021097 abnormal dorsal interneuron 6 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal interneurons that are roof-plate independent, commissural, inhibitory, and are characterized by expression of Pax6, Pax7, Irx3, Dbx2, Ngn1, Ngn2, Wt1, and Lbx1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021098 abnormal late-born dorsal interneuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021091 abnormal dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal interneurons that are born during a second wave of neurogenesis, are located in the superficial dorsal horn, and are characterized by expression of Ascl1, Gsh1, Gsh2, Ptf1, and Lbx1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021099 abnormal dorsal interneuron LA morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021098 abnormal late-born dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the late-born dorsal interneurons that are roof-plate independent, and are dependent on expression of Ptf1a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021100 abnormal dorsal interneuron LB morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021098 abnormal late-born dorsal interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the late-born dorsal interneurons that project ipsilaterally, integrate input from cutaneous sensory neurons that detect noxious stimuli, and are characterized by expression of Drg11, Tlx3, and Slc17a6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021101 abnormal ventral interneuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004100 abnormal spinal cord interneuron morphology any structural anomaly spinal cord interneurons that arise from the ventral pool of progenitor cells, are mostly found in the ventral cord and are grossly associated with motor function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021102 abnormal ventral interneuron 0 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021101 abnormal ventral interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the ventral interneurons that are primarily contralateral, receive inputs from ipsilateral projecting V2a interneurons, and are characterized by expression of Evx1, Dbx1, Dbx2, Pax6 and Irx3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021103 abnormal ventral interneuron 1 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021101 abnormal ventral interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the ventral interneurons that appear to control burst durations and are characterized by expression of En1, Foxd3, Dbx2, Pax6, and Irx3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021104 abnormal ventral interneuron 2 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021101 abnormal ventral interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the ventral interneurons that project ipsilaterally, extend axons caudally across several segments, have both excitatory (V2a) and inhibitory (V2b) subclasses, and are characterized by expression of Chx10, Gata3, Irx3, and Lhx3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021105 abnormal ventral interneuron 3 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021101 abnormal ventral interneuron morphology any structural anomaly of the ventral interneurons that are glutamatergic, predominantly project contralaterally and caudally, form connections with V1, V2 and lamina VIII interneurons, and are characterized by expression of Nkx2-2, Nkx601, Ngn3, and Sim1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021107 retina fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology presence of one or more wrinkles projecting outward from the surface of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031372 abnormal sperm individualization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001932 abnormal spermiogenesis anomaly in the resolution of the male germline syncytium or cyst into individual gametes by packaging each spermatid into its own plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8470000 placental blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 blood Blood located in the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140961 cellular detoxification of metal ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990748 cellular detoxification Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of a metal ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600017 bronchopulmonary segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A discrete anatomical unit of the lung that is composed of a segmental bronchus and the lung tissue supplied by that bronchus. A bronchopulmonary segment exhibits a pyramidal shape, with its apex pointing towards the center of the lung and its base toward the pleural surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031531 decreased atrioventricular node size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004114 abnormal atrioventricular node morphology less than average size of the atrioventricular node compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031540 increased papillary muscle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004058 abnormal ventricle papillary muscle morphology greater than average dimensions of one or more of the ventricular papillary muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031557 small tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031572 small atrioventricular valve a decrease in the total area occupied by the tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014355 abnormal programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000313 abnormal cell death any anomaly in a process which begins when a cell receives an internal or external signal and activates a series of biochemical eventsthat ends with the death of the cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014356 abnormal necroptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014355 abnormal programmed cell death any anomaly in the process which begins when a cell receives a signal and proceeds through a series of biochemical events, characterized by activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and/or 3 (RIPK1/3, also called RIP1/3) and by critical dependence on mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), and which typically lead to common morphological features of necrotic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014357 abnormal pyroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014355 abnormal programmed cell death any anomaly in the caspase-1-dependent cell death subroutine that is associated with the generation of pyrogenic mediators such as IL-1beta and IL-18 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014358 abnormal ferroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014355 abnormal programmed cell death any anomaly in the process characterized morphologically by the presence of smaller than normal mitochondria with condensed mitochondrial membrane densities, reduction or vanishing of mitochondria crista, and outer mitochondrial membrane rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014359 increased ferroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014358 abnormal ferroptosis more than the expected amount or rate of ferroptosis in the whole organism, tissue, or cell population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014360 decreased ferroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014358 abnormal ferroptosis less than the expected amount or rate of ferroptosis in the whole organism, tissue, or cell population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014361 increased necroptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014356 abnormal necroptotic process more than the expected amount or rate of necroptotic processes in the whole organism, tissue, or cell population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014362 decreased necroptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014356 abnormal necroptotic process less than the expected amount or rate of necroptotic processes in the whole organism, tissue, or cell population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014363 increased pyroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014357 abnormal pyroptosis more than the expected amount or rate of pyroptosis in the whole organism, tissue, or cell population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014364 decreased pyroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014357 abnormal pyroptosis less than the expected amount or rate of pyroptosis in the whole organism, tissue, or cell population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031587 abnormal pericardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000288 abnormal pericardium morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pericardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031588 distended epicardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003057 abnormal epicardium morphology an expansion in the volume of the visceral layer of the pericardium that surrounds and attaches to all the surfaces of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031589 detached epicardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003057 abnormal epicardium morphology partial or complete dissociation of the epicardium from the underlying myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031590 abnormal epicardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031587 abnormal pericardium development any anomaly in the the progression of the heart epicardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031591 detached endocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003974 abnormal endocardium morphology partial or complete dissociation of the endocardium from the myocardial layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031592 abnormal endocardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003974 abnormal endocardium morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endocardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031593 decreased cardiac jelly amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009382 abnormal cardiac jelly morphology reduction in the amount of the gelatinous non-cellular material present between the endothelial lining and the myocardial layer of the developing heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031594 increased cardiac jelly amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009382 abnormal cardiac jelly morphology increase in the amount of the gelatinous non-cellular material present between the endothelial lining and the myocardial layer of the developing heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031595 abnormal adipose tissue apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology change in the timing or the number of cells in adipose tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031596 decreased adipose tissue apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031595 abnormal adipose tissue apoptosis reduction in the number of adipose tissue cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031597 increased adipose tissue apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031595 abnormal adipose tissue apoptosis increase in the number of adipose tissue cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031598 abnormal white adipose tissue apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031595 abnormal adipose tissue apoptosis change in the timing or the number of cells in white adipose tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031599 decreased white adipose tissue apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031598 abnormal white adipose tissue apoptosis reduction in the number of white adipose tissue cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031600 increased white adipose tissue apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031598 abnormal white adipose tissue apoptosis increase in the number of white adipose tissue cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000090 blastocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity Fluid-filled central region of a blastocyst. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000941 thymic conventional dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A dendritic cell arising in thymus that has the phenotype CD11c-positive, CD11b-negative, and CD45RA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000002 uterine cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Lower, narrow portion of the uterus where it joins with the top end of the vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000004 nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000017 exocrine pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element The part of the pancreas that is part of the exocrine system and which produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells [GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000021 cutaneous appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013703 integumentary projection Anatomical projection that protrudes from the skin. Examples: hair, nail, feather, claw, hoof, horn, wattle, spur, beak, antler, bristle and some scales. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis The head is the anterior-most division of the body [GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000057 urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The fibromuscular tubular canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior via the external urinary meatus; in males, the urethra is joined by the ejaculatory ducts and serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation, as well as a canal for urine during voiding; in females, the urethra is shorter and emerges above the vaginal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000079 male reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000990 reproductive system The organs associated with producing offspring in the gender that produces spermatozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000304 tendon sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A layer of membrane around a tendon. It has 2 layers: synovial sheath + fibrous tendon sheath. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000382 apocrine sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012177 skin apocrine gland Apocrine sweat glands are sweat glands composed of a coiled secretory portion located at the junction of the dermis and subcutaneous fat, from which a straight portion inserts and secretes into the infundibular portion of the hair follicle. The ducts of apocrine glands open into the canals of hair follicles. The stimulus for the secretion of apocrine sweat glands is adrenaline, which is a hormone carried in the blood[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000388 epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube A part of the pharynx that consists of a flap of elastic cartilage tissue plus a mucous membrane covering, attached to the entrance of the larynx. The epiglottis is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing, preventing inhalation of food or drink[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000391 leptomeninx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Pia mater or arachnoid mater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000402 nasal vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The nasal vestibule is the most anterior part of the nasal cavity. It's enclosed by the cartilages of nose and lined by the same epithelium of the skin. The other part of the nasal cavity, which is lined by the respiratory epithelium, is called nasal cavity proper. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000403 scalp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendonous galea aponeurotica; Loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000411 visual cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8440011 cortical visual area The part of the occipital lobe responsible for processing visual information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000423 eccrine sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010243 merocrine gland A merocrine, unbranched, unbranched, coiled, tubular gland sweat gland. In humans, distributed over almost all of the body surface, and promote cooling by evaporation of their secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000458 endocervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The region of the opening of the uterine cervix into the uterine cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000460 major vestibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system The paired glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in the superficial perineal pouch in females; they secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands in males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003135 male reproductive organ A gonad of a male animal. A gonad produces and releases sperm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000474 female reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000990 reproductive system The organs and associated structures associated with bearing offspring in a female animal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000915 thoracic segment of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis Subdivision of trunk that lies between the head and the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000946 cardiac valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A membranous fold of the heart that prevents reflux of fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000947 aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013768 great vessel of heart The main trunk of the systemic arterial system that carries blood from the heart to all the organs and other structures of the body, bringing oxygenated blood to all parts of the body in the systemic circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000959 optic chiasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007425 decussation of diencephalon A decussation of the diencephalon where the fibers of the optic nerve cross. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000974 neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision An organism subdivision that extends from the head to the pectoral girdle, encompassing the cervical vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000975 sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A midventral endochondral skeletal element which represents the origin site of the pectoral muscles[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000991 gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001003 skin epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000961 external integument structure The outer epithelial layer of the skin that is superficial to the dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001007 digestive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs devoted to the ingestion, digestion, and assimilation of food and the discharge of residual wastes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001008 renal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8450002 excretory system The renal system in an anatomical system that maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A filament, mostly protein, that grows from follicles found in the dermis[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue Muscle tissue which is unstriated, composed primarily of smooth muscle fibers surrounded by a reticulum of collagen and elastic fibers. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001156 ascending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000168 proximal-distal subdivision of colon Section of colon which is distal to the cecum and proximal to the transversecolon.[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001157 transverse colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000168 proximal-distal subdivision of colon The proximal-distal subdivision of colon that runs transversely across the upper part of the abdomen, from the right to the left colic flexure. Continuous with the descending colon[BTO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001161 body of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach The body of stomach is the part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001173 biliary tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A complex network of conduits that begins with the canals of Hering (intralobar bile duct) and progressively merges into a system of interlobular, septal, and major ducts which then coalesce to form the extrahepatic bile ducts, which finally deliver bile to the intestine, and in some species to the gallbladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001174 common bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003703 extrahepatic bile duct The part of the biliary tree formed by the union of the cystic duct and the common hepatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001182 superior mesenteric artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005616 mesenteric artery Mesenteric artery that supplies the whole length of the small intestine except the superior part of the duodenum. It also supplies the cecum and the ascending part of the colon and about half the transverse part of the colon. It arises from the anterior surface of the aorta below the celiac artery at the level of the first lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001224 renal pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit A funnel shaped proximal portion of the ureter that is formed by convergence of the major calices [MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001232 collecting duct of renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube The collecting duct is a portion of the nephron through which water flows, moving passively down its concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001235 adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The thick outer layer of the adrenal gland that produces and secretes steroid hormones such as corticosterone, estrone and aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001236 adrenal medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The inner portion of the adrenal gland that consists mainly of chromaffin cells which produce, store and secrete neurotransmitters such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001264 pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002075 viscus An endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating hormones[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001267 femoral nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003431 leg nerve The femoral nerve, the largest branch of the lumbar plexus, arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves. It descends through the fibers of the Psoas major, emerging from the muscle at the lower part of its lateral border, and passes down between it and the Iliacus, behind the iliac fascia; it then runs beneath the inguinal ligament, into the thigh, and splits into an anterior and a posterior division. Under the inguinal ligament, it is separated from the femoral artery by a portion of the Psoas major. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001296 myometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034933 layer of smooth muscle tissue The smooth muscle coat of the uterus, which forms the main mass of the organ and surrounds and supports the endometrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head A subdivision of the head that has as parts the layers deep to the surface of the anterior surface, including the mouth, eyes, and nose (when present). In vertebrates, this includes the facial skeleton and structures superficial to the facial skeleton (cheeks, mouth, eyeballs, skin of face, etc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557 upper respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the nose and ends distally with the cricoid cartilage, before continuing to the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001579 olfactory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Nerve that carries information from the olfactory epithelium to the olfactory bulb[Butler and Hodos]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001585 anterior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004087 vena cava A vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001601 extra-ocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010959 craniocervical muscle Skeletal muscle derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001621 coronary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery An artery that supplies the myocardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001629 carotid body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A small epithelioid structure consisting of a small cluster of chemoreceptive and supporting cells located near the bifurcation of the common carotid artery that serves as a chemoreceptive organ that senses the pH, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentrations in the blood and plays a crucial role in their homeostatic control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001633 basilar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery A major artery that supplues the hindbrain and runs along the ventral keel of the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003920 venous blood vessel Any of the tubular branching vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001643 oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Cranial nerve which connects the midbrain to the extra-ocular and intra-ocular muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001645 trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001785 cranial nerve Cranial nerve that has three branches - the ophthalmic (supplying the skin of the nose and upper jaw), the maxillary and the mandibular (supplying the lower jaw). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001647 facial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Cranial nerve that branches into the supraorbital (supplying the skin of the eye region and the lateral line organs here), the palatine (to the roof of the buccal cavity), and the hyomandibular (dividing into the jugular and mental branches). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001649 glossopharyngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001785 cranial nerve Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001679 ethmoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone A bone in the skull that separates the nasal cavity from the brain. As such, it is located at the roof of the nose, between the two orbits. The cubical bone is lightweight due to a spongy construction. The ethmoid bone is one of the bones that makes up the orbit of the eye[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001684 mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004742 dentary A dentary bone that is the only bone in one of the lateral halves of the lower jaw skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001691 external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It typically consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001728 nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract The section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001729 oropharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The portion of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the upper edge of the epiglottis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001732 pharyngeal tonsil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012330 nasal-associated lymphoid tissue The lymph tissue in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001733 soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The muscular, non-bony arch-shaped posterior portion of the palate extending from the posterior edge of the hard palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001735 tonsillar ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001962 gut-associated lymphoid tissue The circular lymphoid tissue formed by the lingual, pharyngeal, and facial tonsils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001754 dental pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011825 loose connective tissue The part in the center of a tooth made up of living soft tissue and cells called odontoblasts[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001757 pinna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head The part of the ear that projects from the head, connecting to the external acoustic meatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001768 uvea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001769 iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001771 pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The central circular aperture of the iris through which light rays enter the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001775 ciliary body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris, composed of ciliary muscle and ciliary processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001785 cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034713 cranial neuron projection bundle Cranial nerves are nerves that emerge directly from the brain, in contrast to spinal nerves, which emerge from segments of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001797 vitreous humor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006312 ocular refractive media A transparent, semigelatinous substance that fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001814 brachial nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001813 spinal nerve plexus An arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine where it proceeds through the neck then the axilla and into the arm where it innervates skin and muscle. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001817 lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015154 lateral gland of orbital region The lacrimal glands are paired almond-shaped glands, located in or near the orbital region, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film.[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001821 sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system A holocrine gland that secretes sebum into the hair follicles, or in hairless areas into ducts.[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001828 gingiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003729 mouth mucosa The fibrous investing tissue, covered by keratinized epithelium, that immediately surrounds a tooth and is contiguous with its periodontal ligament and with the mucosal tissues of the mouth[Glossary of Periodontal Terms 2001]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001832 sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001829 major salivary gland The small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001834 upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001833 lip Lip that covers the upper portion of the mouth.[TAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001835 lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001833 lip Lip that covers the lower portion of the mouth.[TAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001846 internal ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Complex labyrinthine structure that comprises sensory endorgans specialized for vestibular, auditory, and acoustico-vestibular sensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001869 cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001871 temporal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001886 choroid plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036303 vasculature of central nervous system A network formed by blood vessels and the tela choroidea which secretes CSF into the ventricular spaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001893 telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Part of the forebrain consisting of paired olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001894 diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The division of the forebrain that develops from the foremost primary cerebral vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001905 pineal body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010134 secretory circumventricular organ A midline, cone like structure located in the dorso-caudal roof of the 3rd ventricle, attached by peduncles to the habenular and posterior commissures. The stalk contains nerve fibers, blood vessels, connective tissue and parenchymal cells (Paxinos, The Rat Central Nervous System, 2nd ed, pg 399). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001908 optic tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011591 tract of diencephalon Diencephalic white matter (tract) which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons after which they have passed through the optic chiasm[ZFA]. Predominantly white matter structure found in diencephalon consisting of fibers originating in the retina. The optic tract is considered to extend from the point of the optic chiasm and terminates largely, although not exclusively, in the lateral geniculate complex. Other fibers end in the superior colliculus and other structures in the diencephalon, midbrain and brainstem (MM)[NIF]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001987 placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002016 pulmonary vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013768 great vessel of heart Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002019 accessory XI nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035642 laryngeal nerve A cranial nerve that originates from neurons in the medulla and in the cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002021 occipital lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Posterior part of the cerebral hemisphere (MSH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002030 nipple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Projection of skin containing the outlets for 15-20 lactiferous ducts arranged cylindrically around the tip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002037 cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002067 dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The dermis is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues, and is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002135 mitral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002133 atrioventricular valve An atrioventricular valve that is part of the outflow part of the left atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002137 aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005623 semi-lunar valve Cardiac valve which has as its parts the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps, attached to the fibrous ring of aortic valve.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002146 pulmonary valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005623 semi-lunar valve The semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002182 main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002185 bronchus One of two branches of the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002198 neurohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010134 secretory circumventricular organ The posterior part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation such as oxytocin and antidiuretic hormon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002285 telencephalic ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004086 brain ventricle A brain ventricle that is part of a telencephalon. In mammals and species with an evaginated telencephalon, this is one of a pair of lateral structures, one in each hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002286 third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004086 brain ventricle Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large cavity in the midline of the diencephalon; it is continuous with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen and the fourth ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct. (Maryann Martone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002348 epicardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A region of the serous membrane that forms the innermost layer of the pericardium and the outer surface of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002349 myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018260 layer of muscle tissue The middle layer of the heart, comprised mainly of striated cardiac muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002364 tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000094 membrane organ A thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear, consisting of two epithelia (one part of the the external accoustic meatus epithelium, the other part of the tympanic cavity epithelium) with a fibrous layer between them. Its function is to transmit sound from the air to the ossicles inside the middle ear. The malleus bone bridges the gap between the eardrum and the other ossicles. Rupture or perforation of the eardrum can lead to conductive hearing loss. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002369 adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Either of a pair of complex endocrine organs near the anterior medial border of the kidney consisting of a mesodermal cortex that produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgenic hormones and an ectodermal medulla that produces epinephrine and norepinephrine[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002371 bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The soft tissue that fills the cavities of bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002386 forelimb zeugopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008785 upper limb segment The middle limb segment of the pectoral free limb, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the forelimb zeugopodial skeleton, which includes as parts the radius and ulna, or their cartilage precursors, or evolutionary variants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002390 hematopoietic system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Anatomical system that is involved in the production of hematopoietic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002411 clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The small, erectile body located at the anterior end of the vulva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002420 basal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007245 nuclear complex of neuraxis An individual member of a collection of basal ganglia. Basal ganglia are subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum[NIF,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002434 pituitary stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The apical portion of the tubular structure extending from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002486 glottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The vocal apparatus of the larynx, which includes the vocal cords and the opening between them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002495 long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A long bone is a bone that has a shaft and 2 ends and is longer than it is wide. Long bones have a thick outside layer of compact bone and an inner medullary cavity containing bone marrow. The ends of a long bone contain spongy bone and an epiphyseal plate or line depending on the stage of development. The epiphyseal plate is a hyaline cartilage, where new bone growth takes place, lengthening the bone prior to adulthood. Bone lengthening ceases when this cartilage is lost, leaving a remnant referred to as an epiphyseal line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003074 mesonephric duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009201 nephric duct Paired organ that connects the primitive kidney Wolffian body (or mesonephros) to the cloaca and serves as the anlage for certain male reproductive organs. the Wolffian duct is what remains of the pronephric duct after the atrophy of the pronephros[WP]. In Zebrafish: Duct of the adult kidney (mesonephros), present bilaterally ventral to the somites and leading to the cloacal chamber[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003129 skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Anatomical structure that is part of the head consisting entirely of cranium and mandible[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003216 hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Anterior portion of the palate consisting of bone and mucous membranes [GO]. The hard palate is formed from bony processes of the maxilla, premaxilla and palatine bone [Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003292 meninx of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005174 dorsal region element A meninx that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003679 mouth floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head The ventral area of the mouth. In organisms with a tongue, this is the area under the ventral surface of the tongue[ncit, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003687 foramen magnum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull In anatomy, in the occipital bone, the foramen magnum is one of the several oval or circular apertures in the base of the skull, through which the medulla oblongata (an extension of the spinal cord) enters and exits the skull vault. Apart from the transmission of the medulla oblongata and its membranes, the foramen magnum transmits the Spinal Accessory nerve, vertebral arteries, the anterior and posterior spinal arteries, the membrana tectoria and alar ligaments. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003704 intrahepatic bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002394 bile duct Passages within the liver for the conveyance of bile. Includes right and left hepatic ducts even though these may join outside the liver to form the common hepatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003712 cavernous sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005486 venous dural sinus The cavernous sinus (or lateral sellar compartment), within the human head, is a large collection of thin-walled veins creating a cavity bordered by the temporal bone of the skull and the sphenoid bone, lateral to the sella turcica. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003720 anterior cranial fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008789 cranial fossa The floor of the anterior fossa is formed by the orbital plates of the frontal, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, and the small wings and front part of the body of the sphenoid; it is limited behind by the posterior borders of the small wings of the sphenoid and by the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove. The lesser wings of the sphenoid separate the anterior and middle fossae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003722 middle cranial fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008789 cranial fossa The compartment containing the anterior extremities and half the inferior surface of the temporal lobes (TEMPORAL LOBE) of the cerebral hemispheres. Lying posterior and inferior to the anterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, ANTERIOR), it is formed by part of the TEMPORAL BONE and SPHENOID BONE. It is separated from the posterior cranial fossa (CRANIAL FOSSA, POSTERIOR) by crests formed by the superior borders of the petrous parts of the temporal bones[MESH]. The middle fossa, deeper than the anterior cranial fossa, is narrow medially and widens laterally to the sides of the skull. It is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest. It is bounded in front by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellC&; laterally by the temporal squamC&, sphenoidal angles of the parietals, and greater wings of the sphenoid. It is traversed by the squamosal, sphenoparietal, sphenosquamosal, and sphenopetrosal sutures[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004086 brain ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005358 ventricle of nervous system One of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004363 pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest One of a series of paired embryological vascular structures formed within a pharyngeal arch; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004681 vestibular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system The sensory system for the sense of balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004720 cerebellar vermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex A subregion of the cerebellar cortex, consisting of the most medial zone of the cerebellar cortex, stradding the midline. May be continuous with the lateral cerebellar hemispheres in some areas of the cerebellum, e.g., dorsally, or separated by deeper fissures in others (e.g., ventrally). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005396 carotid artery segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery One of: the common carotid artery, or its branches, the external and internal carotid arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005456 jugular foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018321 foramen for glossopharyngeal nerve The jugular foramen is a large aperture in the base of the skull. It is located behind the carotid canal and is formed in front by the petrous portion of the temporal, and behind by the occipital; it is generally larger on the right than on the left side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006052 digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019221 digit 1 or 5 A digit that is part of a digit 5 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007329 pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A duct that collects and carries secretions of the exocrine pancreas to the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007616 layer of synovial tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane A thin, loose vascular connective tissue that makes up the membranes surrounding joints and the sheaths protecting tendons (particularly flexor tendons in the hands and feet) where they pass over bony prominences. Synovial tissue contains synovial cells, which secrete a viscous liquid called synovial fluid; this liquid contains protein and hyaluronic acid and serves as a lubricant and nutrient for the joint cartilage surfaces[BTO]. Synovial tissue can be found in tendons (tissues that connect muscle to bone), bursae (fluid-filled, cushioning sacs found in spaces between tendons, ligaments, and bones), and the cavity (hollow enclosed area) that separates the bones of a freely movable joint, such as the knee or elbow[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007650 esophagogastric junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1100000 digestive tract junction The junction between the esophagus and the stomach epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007798 vascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008788 posterior cranial fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008789 cranial fossa The infratentorial compartment that contains the CEREBELLUM and BRAIN STEM. It is formed by the posterior third of the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid (SPHENOID BONE), by the occipital, the petrous, and mastoid portions of the TEMPORAL BONE, and the posterior inferior angle of the PARIETAL BONE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008883 osteoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue Bone tissue that is an unmineralized bone matrix deposited by osteoblasts prior to the mineralization of bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008974 apocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002365 exocrine gland Any exocrine gland whose cells bud their secretions off through the plasma membrane producing membrane-bound vesicles in the lumen; the apical portion of the secretory cell of the gland pinches off and enters the lumen; it loses part of its cytoplasm in their secretions; apocrine secretion is functional during hormonal stress or puberty; an example of true apocrine glands are mammary glands, responsible for secreting breast milk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010185 rete ovarii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A structure formed from the primary sex cords in females, counterpart of the rete testis in males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010743 meningeal cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection The collection of all meningeal layers that line a central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010996 articular cartilage of joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001994 hyaline cartilage tissue A thin layer of cartilage, usually hyaline, on the articular surface of bones in synovial joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016490 auditory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007037 mechanosensory system Is the sensory system for the sense of hearing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018707 bladder organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009856 sac A membranous sac in animals that serves as the receptacle of a liquid or contains gas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000078 curation status specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item Data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000225 obsolescence reason specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part The reason for which a term has been deprecated. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000409 denotator type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000102 data about an ontology part A denotator type indicates how a term should be interpreted from an ontological perspective. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000122 length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001708 1-D extent A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance between two points. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000125 mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000146 temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality of the thermal energy of a system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000186 behavioral quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000918 volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001710 3-D extent A 3-D extent quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of 3-dimensional space it occupies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001025 pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001018 physical quality A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's amount of force per unit area it exerts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001167 damaged http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001020 damage A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer being harmed or injured or spoiled, such that its functionality is impaired. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001196 ventral to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the abdomen of an organism relative to another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001340 hermaphrodite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001894 phenotypic sex A biological sex quality inhering in an organism or a population with both male and female sexual organs in one individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001374 ploidy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality A cellular quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's number of homologous sets of chromosomes in the nucleus or primary chromosome-containing compartment of the cell, each set essentially coding for all the biological traits of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001375 haploid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001393 euploid A ploidy quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing a single set of homologous chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001377 polyploid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001393 euploid A ploidy quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing more than two homologous sets of chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001385 aneuploid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001374 ploidy A ploidy quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's containing a non-integral multiple of the monoploid number, due to extra or missing chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001394 diploid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001393 euploid A ploidy quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having two copies (homologs) of each chromosome, usually one from the mother and one from the father. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070044 anatomical structure quality A monadic quality of continuant that exists at the cellular level of organisation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001546 quality of a solid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002198 quality of a substance A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting the physical characteristics of an entity characterized by particles arranged such that their shape and volume are relatively stable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001547 quality of a gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002198 quality of a substance A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting the physical characteristics of an entity consisting of particles that have neither a defined volume nor defined shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001548 quality of a liquid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002198 quality of a substance A physical quality inhering in an entity exhibiting the physical characteristics of an amorphous (non-crystalline) form of matter between a gas and a solid that has a definite volume, but no definite shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001632 anterior to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the front of an organism relative to another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001793 right side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000140 position A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located on right side of a another entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001995 organismal quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 amino acid chain An amino acid chain that is produced de novo by ribosome-mediated translation of a genetically-encoded mRNA, and any derivatives thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001004 CD4 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD4 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. CD4 is an accessory protein for MHC class-II antigen/T-cell receptor interaction. It is the primary receptor for HIV-1. CD4 has four immunoglobulin-like domains in its extracellular region that share the same structure, but can differ in sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001018 CD3 subunit with immunoglobulin domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has a core domain composition consisting of an extracellular N-terminal domain that adopts an immunoglobulin fold, a transmembrane domain, and an intracellular C-terminal domain with a single copy of the Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (Pfam:PF02189) (ITAM). It constitutes the invariant subunit of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR). TCR is a surface receptor on T cells responsible for recognizing MHC-restricted antigens and initiating the cellular immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134394 primary allylic alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15734 primary alcohol An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two hydrogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120023 somatostatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017046 peptide hormone binding Binding to somatostatin, a polypeptide hormone involved in regulating pancreatic alpha and pancreatic beta cells and controlling growth hormone secretion as well as many other functions. Somatostatin is produced by several cell types including pancreatic delta cells. There are several different mature forms of somatostatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140014 mitotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process A mitotic cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001067 group 1 innate lymphoid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001065 innate lymphoid cell An innate lymphoid cell that is capable of producing the type 1 cytokine IFN-gamma, but not Th2 or Th17 cell-associated cytokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120039 plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048858 cell projection morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a plasma membrane bounded cell projection are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120036 plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030030 cell projection organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plasma membrane bounded prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a cilium or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020426 abnormal beige fat cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology any functional anomaly of fat cells that are beige in color, thermogenic, and which differentiates in white fat tissue from a Myf5-negative progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020427 increased hepatocyte karyomegaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003111 abnormal cell nucleus morphology an increase in the number or proportion of liver cells with enlarged nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020428 abnormal conditioned place aversion behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001462 abnormal avoidance learning behavior anomaly in the ability of an animal to learn and remember an association between an unpleasant or punishing stimuli with a neutral, unchanging environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020429 abnormal platelet alpha-granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014060 abnormal platelet alpha-granule morphology altered number of the most abundant secretory organelle found in blood platelets, and which store adhesive molecules such as von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen, growth factors and inflammatory and angiogenic mediators, which play crucial roles in inflammatory responses and tumor genesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020430 increased platelet alpha-granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020429 abnormal platelet alpha-granule number increased number of platelet alpha-granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020431 decreased platelet alpha-granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020429 abnormal platelet alpha-granule number decreased number of platelet alpha-granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020432 decreased platelet dense granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004722 abnormal platelet dense granule number decreased number of the electron-dense bodies occurring in blood platelets that store and secrete adenosine nucleotides and serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020433 increased platelet dense granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004722 abnormal platelet dense granule number increased number of the electron-dense bodies occurring in blood platelets that store and secrete adenosine nucleotides and serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030011 small cervical lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002351 abnormal cervical lymph node morphology reduced size of the lymph nodes found near the neck and shoulders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030012 impaired central nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003407 abnormal central nervous system regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of central nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030013 enhanced central nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003407 abnormal central nervous system regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of central nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030014 calcified brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061934 regulation of adenine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenine biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030033 abnormal nasal bridge morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose; it lies between the glabella and the inferior boundary of the nasal bone, and extends laterally to the inner canthi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030038 abnormal periorbital region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the region around the eye socket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030051 increased foot pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009379 abnormal foot pigmentation darker color of the foot surface due to excess pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020481 abnormal basilar artery development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013186 abnormal basilar artery morphology aberrant formation or patterning or incomplete differentiation of the unpaired artery that is formed by the union of the two vertebral arteries, runs forward within the skull just under the pons, divides into the two posterior cerebral arteries, and supplies the pons, cerebellum, posterior part of the cerebrum, and the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020482 abnormal brain vascular topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology abnormal position of the blood vessels of the brain in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020483 abnormal brain artery topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020482 abnormal brain vascular topology abnormal position of the arteries of the brain in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020484 abnormal brain internal capsule topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008128 abnormal brain internal capsule morphology abnormal position of the brain internal capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020485 abnormal inferior vena cava topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006063 abnormal inferior vena cava morphology abnormal position of the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020487 abnormal middle cerebral artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013821 abnormal cerebral artery morphology any structural anomaly of the major paired arteries that arise from the internal carotid artery and supply blood to a portion of the frontal lobe and the lateral surface of the temporal and parietal lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020488 abnormal middle cerebral artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020487 abnormal middle cerebral artery morphology any anomaly in the position from which the middle cerebral artery arises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020489 abnormal ophthalmic artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology any structural anomaly in the artery that arises from the internal carotic artery medial to the anterior clinoid process which branches to supply the eye and other structures in the orbit with blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020490 abnormal ophthalmic artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020489 abnormal ophthalmic artery morphology any anomaly in the position from which the opthalmic artery arises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020491 abnormal ovary topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any anomaly in the position of the ovary in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020492 abnormal superior mesenteric vein topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013983 abnormal superior mesenteric vein morphology any anomaly in the position of the superior mesenteric vein in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020493 absent inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006063 abnormal inferior vena cava morphology absence of the entire length of the principal vein draining blood from the lower portion of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020494 left sided inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020485 abnormal inferior vena cava topology the infrarenal segment of the inferior vena cava is present on the left side of the body instead of on the right side; typically as a result of regression of the right supracardinal vein and persistence of the left supracardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020495 abnormal embryonic lymph sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the population of lymphatic endothelial cell precursors that will form the lymph vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020496 absent motoric part of trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001066 absent trigeminal nerve absence of the part of the trigeminal nerve containing motor fibers, this derives from the basal plate of the embryonic pons and goes into the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020497 absent splanchnic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008318 abnormal splanchnic nerve morphology absence of the splanchnic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020498 heterochrony of entire embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014021 heterochrony a change in the timing or rate of events that alters the size or shape of the entire embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020499 persistent right umbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010667 abnormal umbilical vein morphology failure of the right umbilical vein to regress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020500 persistent trigeminal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003410 abnormal artery development failure of the trigeminal artery, the artery that supplies the basilar artery with blood during development, to regress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020501 thin mandibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009800 abnormal mandibular nerve morphology a slender apperance of the mandibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020502 abnormal physiological umbilical hernia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology any structural anomaly in the developmental umbilical hernia that occurs when the elongating intestine herniates into the base of the umbilical cord, this normally resolves when the size of the abdomen increases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020503 abnormal sympathetic trunk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001007 abnormal sympathetic system morphology any structural anomaly of the two long ganglionated nerve strands that run lateral to the vertebral column and extend from the base of the skull to the coccyx; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020504 abnormal cervical sympathetic trunk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020503 abnormal sympathetic trunk morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the sympathetic trunk located in front of the front of the transverse processes of cervical vertebrae and neck of the 1st rib behind the carotid sheaths and in front of prevertebral fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020505 absent cervical sympathetic trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020504 abnormal cervical sympathetic trunk morphology absence of the cervical section of the sympathetic trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030248 narrow maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004540 small maxilla reduced width of the upper bony framework of the mouth where the superior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030249 small frontonasal prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009901 abnormal frontonasal prominence morphology reduced size of the unpaired embryonic process that is formed from the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle and develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030250 frontonasal prominence hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030249 small frontonasal prominence decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the frontonasal prominence, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030251 broad frontonasal prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009901 abnormal frontonasal prominence morphology increased width of the unpaired embryonic process that is formed from the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle and develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030252 narrow frontonasal prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030249 small frontonasal prominence decreased width of the unpaired embryonic process that is formed from the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle and develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030253 vertical orbital dystopia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010030 abnormal orbit morphology the orbits do not lie on the same horizontal plane, that is, one eye is lower than the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030254 abnormal dental arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two arches (crescent arrangements) of teeth, one on each jaw, that together constitute the dentition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030255 abnormal maxillary dental arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030254 abnormal dental arch morphology any structural anomaly of the dental arch formed by the teeth of the maxilla (upper jaw bone) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030256 abnormal mandibular dental arch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030254 abnormal dental arch morphology any structural anomaly of the dental arch formed by the teeth of the mandible (lower jaw bone) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030257 increased tongue papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010272 increased tongue tumor incidence greater than the expected number of benign tumors consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic epithelial cells in the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030259 mandibular condyloid process hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030258 small mandibular condyloid process decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mandibular condyloid process, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030260 abnormal palatomaxillary suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030230 abnormal facial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the transverse suture across the back of the hard palate that separates the maxillary shelf of the palate from the horizontal plates of the palatine bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030261 abnormal temporal bone zygomatic process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005272 abnormal temporal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the long, arched process that projects from the lower region of the squamous part of the temporal bone and articulates with the zygomatic bone; this process is at first directed lateralward, its two surfaces looking upward and downward; it then appears as if twisted inward upon itself, and runs forward, its surfaces now looking medialward and lateralward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030262 frontal bossing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030045 abnormal forehead shape bilateral bulging of the lateral frontal bone prominences with relative sparing of the midline; this is not the same as prominent forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030263 cranial bossing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology abnormal prominence or protrusion of various bones of the skull; most often occurs in the frontal bones beneath the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030264 occipital bossing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030263 cranial bossing an area of marked prominence or protrusion in the occipital region at the back of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030265 parietal bossing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030263 cranial bossing an area of marked prominence or protrusion in the parietal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030267 decreased basicranium angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009782 abnormal basicranium angle a decrease in the expected angle formed by a line representing the floor of the anterior cranial fossa intersecting a line representing the axis of the clivus of the base of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030269 absent mandibular ramus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010150 abnormal mandibular ramus morphology absence of the upturned perpendicular extremity of the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030270 retrogenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030243 abnormal chin morphology abnormal posterior-shifted positioning of the chin in relation to the rest of the facial skeleton; occlusion is normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030271 abnormal foramen rotundum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the circular aperture (foramen) located in the middle cranial fossa, inferomedial to the superior orbital fissure at the base of greater wing of sphenoid; its medial border is formed by the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus; it runs downwards and laterally in an oblique path and joins the middle cranial fossa with the pterygopalatine fossa; it transmits the maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve, artery of foramen rotundum, and emissary veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030272 abnormal cranial foramen ovale morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the oval-shaped opening in the middle cranial fossa located at the posterior base of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, lateral to the lingual; it transmits the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, accessory meningeal artery, emissary veins between the cavernous sinuses and pterygoid plexus, otic ganglion, and occasionally the nervus spinosus and lesser petrosal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030273 mandibular retrognathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004282 retrognathia abnormal posterior-shifted positioning of the lower jaw (mandible) relative to the facial skeleton and soft tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030274 maxillary retrognathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004282 retrognathia abnormal posterior-shifted positioning of the upper jaw (maxilla) relative to the facial skeleton and soft tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030289 flat occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology abnormal flatness of the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030290 absent soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003154 abnormal soft palate morphology absence of the musculomembranous fold that partly separates the mouth and pharynx, located behind the hard palate in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030291 short soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003154 abnormal soft palate morphology reduced length of the musculomembranous fold that partly separates the mouth and pharynx, located behind the hard palate in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030292 abnormal tensor veli palatini muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030224 abnormal soft palate muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the broad, thin, ribbon-like muscle that tenses the soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030293 small tensor veli palatini muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030292 abnormal tensor veli palatini muscle morphology reduced size of the broad, thin, ribbon-like muscle that tenses the soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030294 abnormal levator veli palatini muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030224 abnormal soft palate muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the paired cylindrical muscle that forms a V-shaped sling behind and above the soft palate; it originates from the apex of the inferior surface of the petrous temporal bone and the medial rim of the auditory tube, and inserts into the palatine aponeurosis between the two heads of palatopharyngeus; it elevates and laterally deviates the soft palate; it also aids the tensor veli palatini in opening the auditory tube on swallowing to allow equalization of pressure between the middle ear and pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030295 small levator veli palatini muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030294 abnormal levator veli palatini muscle morphology reduced size of the paired cylindrical muscle that forms a V-shaped sling behind and above the soft palate; it originates from the apex of the inferior surface of the petrous temporal bone and the medial rim of the auditory tube, and inserts into the palatine aponeurosis between the two heads of palatopharyngeus; it elevates and laterally deviates the soft palate; it also aids the tensor veli palatini in opening the auditory tube on swallowing
 to allow equalization of pressure between the middle ear and pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030296 abnormal infraorbital foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of either of a pair of external openings (foramina) in the maxillary bone of the skull located below the infraorbital margin of the orbit; it transmits the infraorbital artery and vein, and the infraorbital nerve, a branch of the maxillary nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030297 outer ear hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000018 small ears decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the outer ear, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030298 jaw transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology homeotic transformation of either jaw to adopt the fate of the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030299 lower jaw to upper jaw transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030298 jaw transformation homeotic transformation of lower jaw (mandibular) elements into upper jaw-like (maxillary) structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030300 upper jaw to lower jaw transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030298 jaw transformation homeotic transformation of upper jaw (maxillary) elements into lower jaw-like (mandibular) structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030301 abnormal maxillary frontal process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000455 abnormal maxilla morphology any structural anomaly of the upward extension from the body of the maxilla which articulates with the frontal bone; the frontal process has a vertical ridge which constitutes the medial border of the orbit (anterior lacrimal crest); posteriorly it forms the lacrimal groove together with the lacrimal bone; superomedially it is in close contact with the anterior ethmoidal sinuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030302 abnormal maxillary zygomatic process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000455 abnormal maxilla morphology any structural anomaly of the rough triangular eminence situated at the angle of separation of the anterior, zygomatic, and orbital surfaces; in front, it forms part of the anterior surface; behind, it is concave, and forms part of the infratemporal fossa; above, it is rough and serrated for articulation with the zygomatic bone; below, it presents the prominent arched border which marks the division between the anterior and infratemporal surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030508 abnormal dental epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010747 abnormal enamel organ morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental (enamel) organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030509 increased number of epithelial cell rests of Malassez http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003668 abnormal periodontal ligament morphology increased number of epithelial cell remnants derived from the fragmentation of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath during root development that persist in the periodontal ligament close to the cementum surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030511 abnormal dentinoenamel junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003930 abnormal tooth hard tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the interface that joins two distinct calcified tissues, enamel and dentin; it presents a scalloped contour, with its concave side toward the enamel and the convex side toward the dentin, thought to increase adherence of the enamel to the dentin, especially in areas of occlusal stress; DEJ plays a key role in resisting crack propagation from enamel to dentin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030512 abnormal Tomes' process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002650 abnormal ameloblast morphology any structural anomaly of the pyramidal extension at the apical pole of a secretory ameloblast that plays an important role in organizing the enamel crystals into a complex network of rod (prism) and interrod enamel; Tomes' processes interdigitate with the surface of the forming enamel giving it a picket fence appearance and determine the orientation of the newly formed (nucleated) enamel hydroxyapatite crystals; as the secretory stage ends, Tomes' processes are lost and accordingly the last formed layers of enamel are rodless or prismless http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030513 short Tomes' process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030512 abnormal Tomes' process morphology decreased length of the pyramidal extension at the apical pole of a secretory ameloblast that plays an important role in organizing the enamel crystals into a complex network of rod (prism) and interrod enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030514 absent Tomes' process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030512 abnormal Tomes' process morphology failure to form the pyramidal extension at the apical pole of a secretory ameloblast that plays an important role in organizing the enamel crystals into a complex network of rod (prism) and interrod enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030515 periodontal ligament necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003668 abnormal periodontal ligament morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of periodontal ligament tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030516 abnormal junctional epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020460 abnormal gum epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the collar-like band of non-keratinized squamous epithelium that attaches the gingival soft tissue to the tooth surface; the term epithelial attachment refers to the attachment apparatus, i.e. the internal basal lamina and hemidesmosomes, that connects the junctional epithelium (JE) to the tooth surface; in the initiation of periodontitis, JE detaches from the tooth surface and converts gradually, by sprouting laterally and migrating apically, to pathological pocket epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030517 detached junctional epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030516 abnormal junctional epithelium morphology partial or complete detachment of the junctional epithelium from the tooth surface, typically leading to periodontal pocket formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030518 abnormal outer dental epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030508 abnormal dental epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of cuboidal cells located on the periphery of the enamel organ in a developing tooth; this layer is first seen during the bell stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030520 oral mucosa blisters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology localized pockets of fluid that form within or beneath the oral mucosa; may appear as pustules, vesicles, or bullae; color varies according to content of blister, which may include blood, serum, mucin, or suppuration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030521 abnormal cervical loop morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030508 abnormal dental epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the most cervical part of an enamel organ where the inner enamel epithelium and the outer enamel epithelium merge in a loop, thus delineating the end of the anatomic crown and the site where root formation begins; to form the root region, the cervical loop begins to grow deeper into the surrounding ectomesenchyme of the dental sac, elongating and moving away from the newly completed crown area to enclose more of the dental papilla, forming Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030522 abnormal stellate reticulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030521 abnormal cervical loop morphology any structural anomaly of the network of star-shaped cells found in the core of the dental (enamel) organ between the stratum intermedium and outer enamel epithelium which secrete hydrophilic glycosaminoglycans into the extracellular compartment; the stellate reticulum is most fully developed at the bell stage when intercellular spaces become fluid-filled, presumably related to osmotic effects arising from the high concentration of glycosaminoglycans; the main function of the stellate reticulum is mechanical, protecting the underlying dental tissues against physical disturbance and maintaining tooth shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030523 abnormal stratum intermedium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010747 abnormal enamel organ morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of two or three flattened cells located between the inner enamel epithelium and the newly forming cells of the stellate reticulum; it first appears during the early bell stage of tooth development, has a notably high alkaline phosphatase activity, and forms a part of the dental (enamel) organ; this layer, along with the inner enamel epithelium, is responsible for the tooth enamel formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030524 abnormal tooth root resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030493 abnormal tooth root morphology pathologic resorption in which cementum or dentin is lost from the root of a tooth owing to cementoclastic or osteoclastic activity in conditions such as trauma of occlusion or neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030525 abnormal Hertwig epithelial root sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030493 abnormal tooth root morphology any structural anomaly of the bilayered epithelial sheath formed from the fusion of the inner and outer enamel epithelia below the level of the cervical margin of the crown; in mammals, HERS is a transient structure and fragments to form the epithelial cell rests of Malassez; HERS cells appear to be involved in the initiation of the root formation process, in root elongation, and in stimulating both cementogenesis and root dentinogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020524 abnormal behavioral response to methylenedioxymethamphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013894 abnormal behavioral response to amphetamine anomaly in the behavioral response induced by methylenedioxymethamphetamine such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020525 abnormal thalamus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology anomaly in the average size of the large ovoid mass of paired bodies containing mostly grey matter and forming part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020527 small thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020525 abnormal thalamus size decreased size of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020528 thalamus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020527 small thalamus decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thalamus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020529 ectopic thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology abnormal position of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020530 disorganized thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology derangement of the pattern of thalamic tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030542 abnormal dentin development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002818 abnormal dentin morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the formation of dentin, the hard portion of the tooth surrounding the pulp, covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root; dentinogenesis begins prior to enamel formation and is initiated by the odontoblasts of the dental pulp; dentin is derived from the dental papilla of the tooth germ; after apposition of predentin and maturation into dentin, the cell bodies of the odontoblasts remain in the pulp inside the tooth, along its outer wall; unlike enamel, dentin continues to form throughout life and can be initiated in response to stimuli, such as tooth decay or attrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030543 abnormal predentin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030542 abnormal dentin development any structural anomaly of the initial type I collagen-rich unmineralized extracellular matrix synthesized and secreted by odontoblasts and located at the dentin-pulp interface; predentin is converted to dentin when hydroxyapatite crystals are deposited on the predentin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030545 abnormal acellular cementum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003933 abnormal cementum morphology any structural anomaly of the acellular layer of cementum, a living tissue that does not incorporate cells (cementocytes) into its structure, consisting only of extracellular matrix components and mineral; acellular cementum is the first cementum deposited on the dentin of the forming root, and is predominantly found on the cervical/coronal portion of the tooth root; it anchors the primary collagen fibers of the periodontal ligament, providing a strong attachment between the tooth and surrounding alveolar bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030546 abnormal cellular cementum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003933 abnormal cementum morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of cementum that contains cementocytes in lacunae; it is most abundant on the apical portion of the tooth root and in the furcation areas of multirooted teeth, and has a role in posteruptive adjustment of tooth position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030547 abnormal cementum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003933 abnormal cementum morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the formation of dental cementum, a bone-like rigid connective tissue covering the root of a tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030548 abnormal cementoid morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030547 abnormal cementum development any structural anomaly of the organic matrix secreted by cementoblasts, which forms the most recent unmineralized layer covering the surface of cellular cementum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030549 abnormal cementocyte lacunocanalicular system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030546 abnormal cellular cementum morphology any structural anomaly of the osteocyte-like network of lacunae and canaliculi housing the cementocytes and their cytoplasmic processes within the cellular cementum; although cementocytes resemble osteocytes, they show profound differences in terms of dendrite number, lacunar shape, and canalicular network density, suggesting less communication between, to, and from cementocytes compared with osteocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030550 abnormal cementoblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030547 abnormal cementum development any structural anomaly of the large cuboidal cells differentiated from fibroblasts of the dental follicle (or possibly from Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cells by epithelial-mesenchymal transformation) that, during formation of cellular cementum, secrete a layer of unmineralized extracellular matrix called cementoid; as cementoid deposition progresses, some cementoblasts become embedded in cementoid matrix and become cementocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030551 abnormal cementoblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030550 abnormal cementoblast morphology deviation from the average number of the large cuboidal cells differentiated from fibroblasts of the dental follicle (or possibly from Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cells by epithelial-mesenchymal transformation) that, during formation of cellular cementum, secrete a layer of unmineralized extracellular matrix called cementoid; as cementoid deposition progresses, some cementoblasts become embedded in cementoid matrix and become cementocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030552 decreased cementoblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030551 abnormal cementoblast number fewer than the expected number of the large cuboidal cells differentiated from fibroblasts of the dental follicle (or possibly from Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath cells by epithelial-mesenchymal transformation) that, during formation of cellular cementum, secrete a layer of unmineralized extracellular matrix called cementoid; as cementoid deposition progresses, some cementoblasts become embedded in cementoid matrix and become cementocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030553 increased cementoblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030551 abnormal cementoblast number greater than the expected number of the large cuboidal cells differentiated from fibroblasts of the dental follicle (or possibly from Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath cells by epithelial-mesenchymal transformation) that, during formation of cellular cementum, secrete a layer of unmineralized extracellular matrix called cementoid; as cementoid deposition progresses, some cementoblasts become embedded in cementoid matrix and become cementocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030554 abnormal cementocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030550 abnormal cementoblast morphology any structural anomaly of an apparently terminally differentiated cementoblast that has become embedded in the cellular cementum in a small cavity called lacuna and that extends long cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes away from the cell body toward other cementocytes and neighboring cells in small channels called canaliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030555 abnormal cementocyte lacuna morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030549 abnormal cementocyte lacunocanalicular system morphology any structural anomaly of the small cavity within the cellular cementum that is occupied by a cementocyte cell body; cementocyte lacunae are described as larger and more irregular in size and shape (from oval to tubular) and with rougher walls than the typical ellipsoid osteocyte lacunae; occasionally, empty lacunae or lacunae containing more than one cell are observed in cellular cementum, not typically observed in osteocyte lacunae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030556 abnormal cementocyte canaliculus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030549 abnormal cementocyte lacunocanalicular system morphology any structural anomaly of the slender canals situated between lacunae of the cellular cementum where cementocyte cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes reside; cementocyte canaliculi appear to be less organized, more sparse, and do they radiate outward, with the majority of them oriented toward the vascular periodontal ligament for nutrition, unlike osteocyte canaliculi which are radiating, more dense and arranged in a complex network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030557 abnormal cementocyte dendritic process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030554 abnormal cementocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the long, slender cytoplasmic processes that extend from the cementocyte cell body, run along narrow canaliculi, and are linked to neighboring cementocytes processes via gap junctions; cementocytes harbor fewer dendritic processes than osteocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062013 positive regulation of small molecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a small molecule metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062014 negative regulation of small molecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a small molecule metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120158 positive regulation of collagen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010714 positive regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150052 regulation of postsynapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051963 regulation of synapse assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140238 presynaptic endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099003 vesicle-mediated transport in synapse A vesicle-mediated transport process in which the presynapse take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120186 negative regulation of protein localization to chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905634 regulation of protein localization to chromatin Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020842 abnormal supporting cell of carotid body physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003438 abnormal carotid body physiology any functional anomaly of the supporting cells of the carotid body that have characteristics of glial cells and with processes that envelope the junctions between glomus cells and nerve endings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030606 abnormal gingival sulcus moprhology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013818 abnormal oral cavity morphology any anomaly in the area of potential space between a tooth and the surrounding gingival tissue that is lined by sulcular epithelium; the depth of the sulcus is bounded by two entities: apically by the gingival fibers of the connective tissue attachment and coronally by the free gingival margin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020844 abnormal pulmonary respiratory rate response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005572 abnormal pulmonary respiratory rate any anomaly in the change in the number of breaths per minute induced by a stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020846 abnormal cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any anomaly in a process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030795 joint dislocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology displacement of one or more bones of a joint from the normal position; common sites include the shoulder, patella, elbow, wrist, finger and hip; a partial dislocation is referred to as a subluxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030824 increased femur weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030823 increased femur size greater than average weight of the long bone of the thigh (femur) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062098 regulation of programmed necrotic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043067 regulation of programmed cell death Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062099 negative regulation of programmed necrotic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043069 negative regulation of programmed cell death Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062100 positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043068 positive regulation of programmed cell death Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150099 neuron-glial cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from a neuron to a glial cell. This signaling has been shown to be mediated by various molecules released by different types of neurons, e.g. glutamate, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), noradrenaline, acetylcholine, dopamine and adenosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020997 abnormal subcutaneous adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011156 abnormal hypodermis fat layer morphology anomaly in the quantity of adipose tissue beneath the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020998 abnormal epididymal fat pad weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006319 abnormal epididymal fat pad morphology any anomaly in the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030008 pronephric podocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000653 podocyte A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500102 preorbital bone region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Part of the orbital plate formed by the jugal (part of the zygomatic), lacrimal (which is sometimes fused), sometimes nasal (typically in species with elongated rostra), and maxilla bones anterior to the orbit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500103 preorbital fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004704 bone fossa A hollow (fossa) in the preorbital region, typically lying on the maxillary bone, although sometimes can touch nasal bones (e.g., modern Equus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030022 renal medullary fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000692 kidney interstitial fibroblast A fibroblast that is located in the renal medulla interstitium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017002 prostate neuroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000078 mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure A neuroendocrine cell that is part of the prostate epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017003 epithelial cell of prostatic urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000296 epithelial cell of urethra An epithelial cell that is part of the prostatic urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030025 renal cortical fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000692 kidney interstitial fibroblast A fibroblast that is located in the renal cortical interstitium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030031 interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell Any cell that is located within the interstitium between the cells most prominent in defining a given tissue. "Interstitial cell" is a morphological term and refers to a variety of cells with differing origins and phenotypes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030032 valve interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000147 cardiac valve cell An interstitial cell that is part of a cardiac valve leaflet. Along with valve endothelial cells, a valve interstitial cell maintains tissue homeostasis for the function of cardiac valves through secreting biochemical signals, matrix proteins and matrix remodeling enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030033 valve endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000147 cardiac valve cell An endothelial cell that lines a surface of a cardiac valve leaflet. Along with valve interstitial cells, a valve endothelial cell maintains tissue homeostasis for the function of cardiac valves through secreting biochemical signals, matrix proteins and matrix remodeling enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014234 decreased enterocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008884 abnormal enterocyte apoptosis reduction in the timing or the number of enterocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033021 myoepithelial cell of trachea gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A myoepithelial cell that is part of a submucosal gland of the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033020 mucus secreting cell of trachea gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033037 mucus secreting cell of tracheobronchial tree submucosal gland A mucus secreting cell that is part of a submucosal gland of the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033022 mucus secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033037 mucus secreting cell of tracheobronchial tree submucosal gland A mucus secreting cell of a submucosal gland of the bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480069 temporofacial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head The region at each side of the face comprising the temple and the cheek. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014383 decreased miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014381 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency decrease in the number of occurrences of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014380 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009435 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) or shape of the miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014381 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009435 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents any anomaly in the number of occurrences of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16004 (R)-lactate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24996 lactate An optically active form of lactate having (R)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16651 (S)-lactate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24996 lactate An optically active form of lactate having (S)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17126 carnitine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22860 amino-acid betaine An amino-acid betaine that is butanoate substituted with a hydroxy group at position C-3 and a trimethylammonium group at C-4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17375 (2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49302 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid in which the carbon at position 2 has (S)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17893 (2R)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49302 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid having (2R)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17968 butyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78115 fatty acid anion 4:0 A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18243 dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33567 catecholamine Catechol in which the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted by a 2-aminoethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26912 oxolanes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38104 oxacycle Any oxacycle having an oxolane (tetrahydrofuran) skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27300 vitamin D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36853 hydroxy seco-steroid Any member of a group of fat-soluble hydroxy seco-steroids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D can be obtained from sun exposure, food and supplements and is biologically inactive and converted into the biologically active calcitriol via double hydroxylation in the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31011 valerate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58954 straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of valeric acid; present in ester form as component of many steroid-based pharmaceuticals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33566 catechols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33570 benzenediols Any compound containing an o-diphenol component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion A carboxylic acid anion formed when the carboxy group of a monocarboxylic acid is deprotonated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36059 hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion Any monocarboxylic acid anion carrying at least one hydroxy substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36699 corticosteroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50858 corticosteroid Any of a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36834 3-hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35350 hydroxy steroid Any hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38338 aminopyrimidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39447 pyrimidines A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidine substituted by at least one amino group and its derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50113 androgen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50112 sex hormone A sex hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50114 estrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50112 sex hormone A hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics in mammals by binding to oestrogen receptors. The oestrogens are named for their importance in the oestrous cycle. The oestrogens that occur naturally in the body, notably estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol are steroids. Other compounds with oestrogenic activity are produced by plants (phytoestrogens) and fungi (mycoestrogens); synthetic compounds with oestrogenic activity are known as xenoestrogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50523 butenolide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37581 gamma-lactone A gamma-lactone that consists of a 2-furanone skeleton and its substituted derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50646 bone density conservation agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug An agent that inhibits bone resorption and/or favor bone mineralization and bone regeneration. Used to heal bone fractures and to treat bone diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58314 (2R)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36059 hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion where the hydroxy group is placed at position 2 (alpha to the carboxy group) and has (R)-stereochemistry; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58945 organophosphate oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26079 phosphoric acid derivative An organic phosphoric acid derivative in which one or more oxygen atoms of the phosphate group(s) has been deprotonated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59554 medium-chain fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62761 tyrosine derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, any substitution of phenyl hydrogens, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of tyrosine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing tyrosine residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64708 one-carbon compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity An organic molecular entity containing a single carbon atom (C1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71666 gamma-amino acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion An amino-acid anion in which the amino group is situated gamma- to the carboxylate group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75772 Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76946 fungal metabolite Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_85234 human blood serum metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77746 human metabolite Any metabolite (endogenous or exogenous) found in human blood serum samples. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_11955 4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71666 gamma-amino acid anion The conjugate base of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16080 gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35969 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid A gamma-amino acid comprising 4-aminobutyric acid having a 2-hydroxy substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22260 adenosines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26399 purine ribonucleoside Any purine ribonucleoside that is a derivative of adenosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22478 amino alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879 alcohol An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30566 gamma-aminobutyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71666 gamma-amino acid anion An gamma-amino acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of gamma-aminobutyric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38867 anaesthetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug Substance which produces loss of feeling or sensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50047 organic amino compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57630 gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of gamma-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59558 medium-chain fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety of a medium-chain fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60809 adjuvant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical Any pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of other agents such as drugs or vaccines while having few if any direct effects when given by itself. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76206 xenobiotic metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite Any metabolite produced by metabolism of a xenobiotic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132939 ethylmalonate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132938 ethylmalonate A dicarboxylic acid dianion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of the carboxylic acid groups of ethylmalonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132952 oxalate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35693 dicarboxylic acid anion A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132988 bradykinin(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60466 peptide zwitterion A peptide cation obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group and protonation of the amino and guanidino groups of bradykinin; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_133291 saturated dicarboxylic acid dianion(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28965 dicarboxylic acid dianion A carboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of any dicarboxylic acid that contains no carbon-carbon double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134161 N-acylethanolamine 20:4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_85281 N-(polyunsaturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 20 carbons and 4 double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134179 volatile organic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule Any organic compound having an initial boiling point less than or equal to 250 degreeC (482 degreeF) measured at a standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134249 alkanesulfonate oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33554 organosulfonate oxoanion An alkanesulfonate in which the carbon at position 1 is attached to R, which can represent hydrogens, a carbon chain, or other groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134361 allylic alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78840 olefinic compound An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134363 tertiary amine oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35580 N-oxide An N-oxide where there are three organic groups bonded to the nitrogen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13850 apoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38560 simple protein An apoprotein is a protein devoid of its characteristic prosthetic group or metal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_14321 glutamate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15138 sulfide(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79388 divalent inorganic anion A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from hydrogen sulfide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15339 acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A molecular entity that can accept an electron, a pair of electrons, an atom or a group from another molecular entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15354 choline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23217 cholines A choline that is the parent compound of the cholines class, consisting of ethanolamine having three methyl substituents attached to the amino function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15356 cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15373 biopterin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22881 biopterins A pterin derivative that consists of pterin bearing amino, oxo and 1,2-dihydroxypropyl substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6 respectively. The parent of the class of biopterins; the L-erythro isomer occurs widely in nature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15693 aldose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35381 monosaccharide Aldehydic parent sugars (polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H, n >= 2) and their intramolecular hemiacetals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15724 trimethylamine N-oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134363 tertiary amine oxide A tertiary amine oxide resulting from the oxidation of the amino group of trimethylamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15740 formate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of formic acid. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15792 malonate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_133291 saturated dicarboxylic acid dianion(2-) A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy groups of malonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15986 polynucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33695 information biomacromolecule A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with a polymeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16042 halide anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79389 monovalent inorganic anion A monoatomic monoanion resulting from the addition of an electron to any halogen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16134 ammonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity An azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16136 hydrogen sulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16137 chondroitin D-glucuronate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37395 mucopolysaccharide A mucopolysaccharide composed of repeating beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-N-acetylgalactosaminyl units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16189 sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33482 sulfur oxoanion A sulfur oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of both OH groups of sulfuric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16199 urea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29347 monocarboxylic acid amide A carbonyl group with two C-bound amine groups. The commercially available fertilizer has an analysis of 46-0-0 (N-P2O5-K2O). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16240 hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26523 reactive oxygen species An inorganic peroxide consisting of two hydroxy groups joined by a covalent oxygen-oxygen single bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16247 phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester A lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or di-ester. The term encompasses phosphatidic acids and phosphoglycerides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16301 nitrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79389 monovalent inorganic anion The nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from nitrous acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16335 adenosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_142355 purines D-ribonucleoside A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16393 sphingosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26743 sphing-4-enine A sphing-4-enine in which the double bond is trans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16646 carbohydrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78616 carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives Any member of the class of organooxygen compounds that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone or a lactol resulting from their intramolecular condensation (monosaccharides); substances derived from these by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom; and polymeric products arising by intermolecular acetal formation between two or more such molecules (disaccharides, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides). Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; prior to any oxidation or reduction, most have the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. Compounds obtained from carbohydrates by substitution, etc., are known as carbohydrate derivatives and may contain other elements. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16701 nucleoside 5'-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29075 mononucleotide A ribosyl or deoxyribosyl derivative of a pyrimidine or purine base in which C-5 of the ribose ring is mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-phosphorylated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16716 benzene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33842 aromatic annulene A six-carbon aromatic annulene in which each carbon atom donates one of its two 2p electrons into a delocalised pi system. A toxic, flammable liquid byproduct of coal distillation, it is used as an industrial solvent. Benzene is a carcinogen that also damages bone marrow and the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16737 creatinine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_55370 imidazolidinone A lactam obtained by formal cyclocondensation of creatine. It is a metabolite of creatine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16796 melatonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27162 tryptamines A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen atom is replaced by a 2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl group. It is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16811 methionine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16827 corticosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139590 primary alpha-hydroxy ketone A 21-hydroxy steroid that consists of pregn-4-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 11 and 21 and oxo groups at positions 3 and 20. Corticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16865 gamma-aminobutyric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25384 monocarboxylic acid A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16919 creatine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24436 guanidines A glycine derivative having methyl and amidino groups attached to the nitrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16990 bilirubin IXalpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35692 dicarboxylic acid A member of the class of biladienes that is a linear tetrapyrrole with the dipyrrole units being of both exovinyl and endovinyl type. A product of heme degradation, it is produced in the reticuloendothelial system by the reduction of biliverdin and transported to the liver as a complex with serum albumin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16991 deoxyribonucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33696 nucleic acid High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16995 oxalic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28383 alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17026 progesterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64600 C21-steroid hormone A C21-steroid hormone in which a pregnane skeleton carries oxo substituents at positions 3 and 20 and is unsaturated at C(4)-C(5). As a hormone, it is involved in the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy and embryogenesis of humans and other species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17089 glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33837 conjugated protein A compound in which a carbohydrate component is covalently bound to a protein component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17230 homocysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24610 homocysteines A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17234 glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33917 aldohexose An aldohexose used as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17258 7H-purine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35584 purine The 7H-tautomer of purine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17359 sulfite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33482 sulfur oxoanion A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17376 cystine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35489 organic disulfide A sulfur-containing amino acid obtained by the oxidation of two cysteine molecules which are then linked via a disulfide bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17453 methylmalonate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61336 C4-dicarboxylate A C4-dicarboxylate resulting from the removal of a proton from both carboxylic acid groups of methylmalonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17544 hydrogencarbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35604 carbon oxoanion The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17578 toluene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38975 methylbenzene The simplest member of the class toluenes consisting of a benzene core which bears a single methyl substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17755 cystathionine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16385 organic sulfide A modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17790 methanol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15734 primary alcohol The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37578 halide A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (where X is a halogen atom). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17822 serine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17883 hydrogen chloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17891 donor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A molecular entity that can transfer ("donate") an electron, a pair of electrons, an atom or a group to another molecular entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18085 glycosaminoglycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22506 aminoglycan Any polysaccharide containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18139 trimethylamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25274 methylamines A tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by an methyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18154 polysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167559 glycan A biomacromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. This term is commonly used only for those containing more than ten monosaccharide residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18186 tyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18211 citrulline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23324 citrullines The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18237 glutamic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18248 iron atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33356 iron group element atom An iron group element atom that has atomic number 26. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18257 ornithine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83925 non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18282 nucleobase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38101 organonitrogen heterocyclic compound That part of DNA or RNA that may be involved in pairing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18367 phosphate(3-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35780 phosphate ion A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of hydrogenphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22331 alkylamines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32952 amine Any amine formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by alkyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22660 aspartic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22718 benzoates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_91007 aromatic carboxylate A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any benzoic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23217 cholines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35267 quaternary ammonium ion A quaternary ammonium ion based on the choline ion and its substituted derivatives thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23509 cysteine derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of cysteine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing cysteine residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions. The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A defined linked collection of atoms or a single atom within a molecular entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24621 hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33280 molecular messenger Originally referring to an endogenous compound that is formed in specialized organ or group of cells and carried to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory function, the term is now commonly used to include non-endogenous, semi-synthetic and fully synthetic analogues of such compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24644 HPETE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_189832 hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid Mono-hydroperoxy (e)icosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs) are the primary products of lipoxygenase-catalysed oxygenation of arachidonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24662 hydroxy-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83925 non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid bearing one or more hydroxy groups at unspecified positions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24913 isoprenoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any lipid formally derived from isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene), the skeleton of which can generally be discerned in repeated occurrence in the molecule. The skeleton of isoprenoids may differ from strict additivity of isoprene units by loss or shift of a fragment, commonly a methyl group. The class includes both hydrocarbons and oxygenated derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25017 leucine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25362 elemental molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity A molecule all atoms of which have the same atomic number. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25676 oligopeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670 peptide A peptide containing a relatively small number of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25704 organic sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37826 sulfuric acid derivative Compounds of the general formula SO3HOR where R is an organyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25728 osmolyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A solute used by a cell under water stress to maintain cell volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25905 peptide hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670 peptide Any peptide with hormonal activity in animals, whether endocrine, neuroendocrine, or paracrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26333 prostaglandin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26347 prostanoid Naturally occurring compounds derived from the parent C20 acid, prostanoic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26348 prosthetic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23357 cofactor A tightly bound, specific nonpolypeptide unit in a protein determining and involved in its biological activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26386 purine nucleobase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines A nucleobase whose skeleton is derived from purine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26650 serine family amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is biosynthesised from 3-phosphoglycerate (i.e. serine, glycine, cysteine and homocysteine). A closed class. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26666 short-chain fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid An aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with a chain length of less than C6. If any non-hydrocarbon substituent is present, the compound is not normally regarded as a short-chain fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26819 sulfuric ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37826 sulfuric acid derivative An ester of an alcohol and sulfuric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27027 micronutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33284 nutrient Any nutrient required in small quantities by organisms throughout their life in order to orchestrate a range of physiological functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27207 univalent carboacyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37838 carboacyl group A univalent carboacyl group is a group formed by loss of OH from the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27208 unsaturated fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any fatty acid containing at least one C=C or C#C bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28358 rac-lactic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-lactic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28616 carbamic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid A one-carbon compound that is ammonia in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a carboxy group. Although carbamic acid derivatives are common, carbamic acid itself has never been synthesised. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion The conjugate base of a fatty acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group of the corresponding fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29987 glutamate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is the conjugate base of glutamate(1-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30768 propionic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26666 short-chain fatty acid A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30769 citric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27093 tricarboxylic acid A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30794 malonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28383 alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879 alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33822 organic hydroxy compound A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3098 bile acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138366 bile acids Any member of a group of hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acids occuring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. In mammals bile acids almost invariably have 5beta-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3165 bradykinin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25676 oligopeptide A linear nonapeptide messenger belonging to the kinin group of proteins, with amino acid sequence RPPGFSPFR. Enzymatically produced from kallidin in the blood, it is a powerful vasodilator that causes smooth muscle contraction, and may mediate inflammation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32456 cysteinate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63470 sulfur-containing amino-acid anion A sulfur-containing amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of cysteine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32507 glycinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of glycine, arising from protonation of the amino. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32508 glycinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glycine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33249 organyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51447 organic univalent group Any organic substituent group, regardless of functional type, having one free valence at a carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33252 atomic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36347 nuclear particle A nucleus is the positively charged central portion of an atom, excluding the orbital electrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33284 nutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component A nutrient is a food component that an organism uses to survive and grow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33447 phospho sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63367 monosaccharide derivative Any monosaccharide containing an alcoholic hydroxy group esterified with phosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33696 nucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15986 polynucleotide A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid A carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33838 nucleoside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21731 N-glycosyl compound An N-glycosyl compound that has both a nucleobase, normally adenine, guanine, xanthine, thymine, cytosine or uracil, and either a ribose or deoxyribose as functional parents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35107 azane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35106 nitrogen hydride Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35190 diterpene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35186 terpene A C20 terpene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35267 quaternary ammonium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative A derivative of ammonium, NH4(+), in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with univalent (usually organyl) groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35346 11beta-hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36841 11-hydroxy steroid Any 11-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has beta- configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35522 beta-adrenergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48540 beta-adrenergic drug An agent that selectively binds to and activates beta-adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35524 sympathomimetic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37962 adrenergic agent A drug that mimics the effects of stimulating postganglionic adrenergic sympathetic nerves. Included in this class are drugs that directly stimulate adrenergic receptors and drugs that act indirectly by provoking the release of adrenergic transmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35554 cardiovascular drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A drug that affects the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter or blood volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35695 dicarboxylic acid monoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35693 dicarboxylic acid anion Any dicarboxylic acid anion that is a monoanion obtained by the deprotonation of only one of the carboxy groups of the dicarboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35924 peroxol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37863 chalcoperoxol Monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide HOOH, having the skeleton ROOH, in which R is any organyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35987 diamino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid Any amino acid carrying two amino groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33695 information biomacromolecule A biological macromolecule minimally consisting of one polypeptide chain synthesized at the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36735 biladienes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25046 linear tetrapyrrole Compounds based on a biladiene skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36885 20-oxo steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35789 oxo steroid An oxo steroid carrying an oxo group at position 20. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role An acid is a molecular entity capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38324 cholinergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38323 cholinergic drug Any drug that binds to and activates cholinergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_42111 (R)-lactic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78320 2-hydroxypropanoic acid An optically active form of lactic acid having (R)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46904 oxalate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35695 dicarboxylic acid monoanion A dicarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of oxalic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47778 glyceride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35741 glycerolipid Any ester resulting from the condensation of one or more of the hydroxy groups of glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol) with fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47909 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51689 enone A 3-oxo steroid conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48360 amphiprotic solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48359 protophilic solvent Self-ionizing solvent possessing both characteristics of Bronsted acids and bases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50211 retinol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26537 retinoid A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50910 neurotoxin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52209 aetiopathogenetic role A poison that interferes with the functions of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57299 ATP(3-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59724 ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion A ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion that is the trianion of adenosine 5'-triphosphate arising from deprotonation of three of the four free triphosphate OH groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57305 glycine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of glycine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57925 glutathionate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60334 peptide anion A peptide anion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups and protonation of the glutamyl amino group of glutathione; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58951 short-chain fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion obtained by removal of a proton from the carboxy group of a short-chain fatty acid (chain length of less than C6). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58958 organosulfate oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33482 sulfur oxoanion An organic anion of general formula RS(=O)2O(-) where R is an organyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59174 hapten http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role Any substance capable of eliciting an immune response only when attached to a large carrier such as a protein. Examples include dinitrophenols; oligosaccharides; peptides; and heavy metals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59202 straight-chain fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any fatty acid whose skeletal carbon atoms form an unbranched open chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59203 straight-chain fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid functional group of a straight-chain fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59252 linear tetrapyrrole anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion An organic anion arising from deprotonation of a acyclic tetrapyrrole compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59740 nucleophilic reagent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39144 Lewis base A reagent that forms a bond to its reaction partner (the electrophile) by donating both bonding electrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59814 L-alpha-amino acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion Conjugate base of an L-alpha-amino acid arising from deprotonation of the C-1 carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59869 L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78608 alpha-amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of an L-alpha-amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60242 monovalent inorganic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36915 inorganic cation An atom or small molecule with a positive charge that does not contain carbon in covalent linkage, with a valency of one. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60466 peptide zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27369 zwitterion Zwitterionic form of any peptide where, in general, the amino terminus is positively charged and the carboxy terminus is negatively charged. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61313 C21-steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid A steroid that has a structure based on a 21-carbon (pregnane) skeleton. Note that individual examples may have ring substituents at other positions and/or contain double bonds, aromatic A-rings, expanded/contracted rings etc., so the formula and mass may vary from that given for the generic structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61336 C4-dicarboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28965 dicarboxylic acid dianion A dicarboxylate that contains four carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62081 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134249 alkanesulfonate oxoanion An alkanesulfonate in which the carbon at position 1 is attached to at least two hydrogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62941 glycosylceramide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17761 ceramide A ceramide compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxy group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62943 prostanoid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62937 icosanoid anion An icosanoid anion that is the conjugate base of a prostanoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63048 1,3-thiazolium cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38418 1,3-thiazoles An organic cation resulting from protonation or quaternisation at the 3-position of any 1,3-thiazole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63248 oxidising agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A substance that removes electrons from another reactant in a redox reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78616 carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives Any organooxygen compound derived from a carbohydrate by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by an amino group, a thiol group or similar heteroatomic groups. The term also includes derivatives of these compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64570 EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76874 EC 2.1.2.* (hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases) inhibitor An EC 2.1.2.* (hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases) inhibitor that interferes with the action of glycine hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64589 glycine receptor agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48705 agonist An agonist that binds to and activates glycine receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_66873 C4-dicarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35692 dicarboxylic acid Any dicarboxylic acid that contains four carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any molecule that consists of at least one carbon atom as part of the electrically neutral entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73693 ketone body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36586 carbonyl compound A carbonyl compound produced as a water-soluble byproduct when fatty acids are broken down for energy in the liver. There are three endogenous ketone bodies: acetone, acetoacetic acid, and (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid; others may be produced as a result of the metabolism of synthetic triglycerides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76413 greenhouse gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range, so contributing to the 'greenhouse effect'. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76807 EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76764 EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor An EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor that interferes with the action of any non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase (EC 3.5.1.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77941 EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76807 EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of amidase (EC 3.5.1.4). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77974 food packaging gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive that is a (generally inert) gas which is used to envelop foodstuffs during packing and so protect them from unwanted chemical reactions such as food spoilage or oxidation during subsequent transport and storage. The term includes propellant gases, used to expel foods from a container. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78675 fundamental metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite Any metabolite produced by all living cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78803 nematode metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75767 animal metabolite An animal metabolite produced by any member of the phylum Nematoda. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79388 divalent inorganic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24834 inorganic anion Any inorganic anion with a valency of two. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83812 non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative Any derivative of a non-proteinogenic amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group or carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83982 L-glutamic acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24315 glutamic acid derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-glutamic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-glutamic acid by a heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29340 hydridonitrate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35106 nitrogen hydride A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of two protons from ammonia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29994 D-aspartate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29995 aspartate(2-) An aspartate(2-) that is the conjugate base of D-aspartate(1-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29995 aspartate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61336 C4-dicarboxylate A C4-dicarboxylate that is the dianion obtained by the deprotonation of both the carboxy groups of aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group Any substituent group which does not contain carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33474 hydrocarbylidyne group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group Trivalent groups, RC#, formed by removing three hydrogen atoms from the same carbon atom of a hydrocarbon, the free valencies of which are engaged in a triple bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33543 sulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33482 sulfur oxoanion The sulfur oxoanion formed by deprotonation of sulfonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33568 adrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-adrenaline and (S)-adrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33658 arene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33663 cyclic hydrocarbon Any monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33702 polyatomic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation A cation consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_350546 serotonin(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of serotonin; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36341 boson http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle Particle of integer spin quantum number following Bose-Einstein statistics. Bosons are named after Satyendra Nath Bose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37886 adrenergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37962 adrenergic agent An agent that selectively binds to and activates adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38716 carboxylic acid dianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion Any dianion containing at least one carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_40751 (S)-adrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_194548 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol The S-enantiomer of adrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50313 onium cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50312 onium compound Mononuclear cations derived by addition of a hydron to a mononuclear parent hydride of the pnictogen, chalcogen and halogen families. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50745 progestogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50112 sex hormone A compound that interacts with progesterone receptors in target tissues to bring about effects similar to those of progesterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51060 hormone agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51061 hormone receptor modulator A chemical substance which binds to specific hormone receptors activating the function of the endocrine glands, the biosynthesis of their secreted hormones, or the action of hormones upon their specific sites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62031 polar amino acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of a polar amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857 cosmetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application The role played by a substance in enhancing the appearance or odour of the human body; a name given to the substance itself or to a component of it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71406 (R)-adrenaline(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of (R)-adrenaline, obtained by protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_43799 butan-1-amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17062 primary aliphatic amine A primary aliphatic amine that is butane substituted by an amino group at position 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51374 GABA agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35942 neurotransmitter agent A substance, such as agonists, antagonists, degradation or uptake inhibitors, depleters, precursors, and modulators of receptor function, used for its pharmacological actions on GABAergic systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5931 insulin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145810 insulin An insulin that is produced in the pancreas and involved in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates (particularly glucose) and fats. Commonly thought of as a protein, it consists of two peptide chains, one containing 21 amino acid residues and the other containing 30; the chains are joined together by 2 disulfide bonds. Recombinant insulin is identical to human insulin, but is synthesised by inserting the human insulin gene into E. coli, which then produces insulin for human use. It is used in the treatment of type I and type II diabetes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64641 divalent inorganic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36915 inorganic cation An inorganic cation with a valency of two. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75600 EC 6.3.* (C-N bond-forming ligase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75603 EC 6.* (ligase) inhibitor A ligase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a C-N bond-forming ligase (EC 6.3.*.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76759 EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor Any enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase (EC 3.*.*.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78006 food colour retention agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive that intensifies, retains or stabilises the colour of a food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A material entity that has a plasma membrane and results from cellular division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000005 fibroblast neural crest derived http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Any fibroblast that is deriived from the neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000007 early embryonic cell (metazoa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002321 embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell found in the embryo before the formation of all the gem layers is complete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000008 migratory cranial neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000333 migratory neural crest cell Cell that is part of the migratory cranial neural crest population. Migratory cranial neural crest cells develop from premigratory cranial neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000011 migratory trunk neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000333 migratory neural crest cell Cell that is part of the migratory trunk neural crest population. Migratory trunk neural crest cells develop from premigratory trunk neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000014 germ line stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000039 germ line cell A stem cell that is the precursor of gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000015 male germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000586 germ cell A germ cell that supports male gamete production. In some species, non-germ cells known as Sertoli cells also play a role in spermatogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000017 spermatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000015 male germ cell A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000018 spermatid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000413 haploid cell A male germ cell that develops from the haploid secondary spermatocytes. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to spermatozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000019 sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000408 male gamete A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000020 spermatogonium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000015 male germ cell An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000021 female germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000586 germ cell Female germ cell is a germ cell that supports female gamete production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000022 female germ line stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000021 female germ cell A stem cell that is the precursor of female gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000023 oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell A female germ cell that has entered meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000024 oogonial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000021 female germ cell An undifferentiated germ cell that proliferates rapidly and gives rise to oocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000025 egg cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000675 female gamete A female gamete where meiosis has progressed to metaphase II and is able to participate in fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000027 smooth muscle cell neural crest derived http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A smooth muscle cell derived from the neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000031 neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell A cell that will develop into a neuron often after a migration phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000034 stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011115 precursor cell A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000035 single fate stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000723 somatic stem cell A stem cell that self-renews as well as give rise to a single mature cell type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000037 hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. Hematopoietic stem cells lack cell markers of effector cells (lin-negative). Lin-negative is defined by lacking one or more of the following cell surface markers: CD2, CD3 epsilon, CD4, CD5 ,CD8 alpha chain, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD56, ly6G, ter119. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000038 erythroid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000839 myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000039 germ line cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000040 monoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A myeloid progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage. This cell is CD11b-positive, has basophilic cytoplasm, euchromatin, and the presence of a nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000047 neural stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell An undifferentiated neural cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple central nervous system neuronal and glial cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000048 multi fate stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000034 stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000049 common myeloid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002032 hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000050 megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000051 common lymphoid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A oligopotent progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000052 totipotent stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000723 somatic stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000055 non-terminally differentiated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011115 precursor cell A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000056 myoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000680 muscle precursor cell A cell that is commited to differentiating into a muscle cell. Embryonic myoblasts develop from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. Myoblasts also occur as transient populations of cells in muscles undergoing repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Flattened and irregular in outline with branching processes; appear fusiform or spindle-shaped. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000058 chondroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000059 ameloblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002077 ecto-epithelial cell Skeletogenic cell that produces enamel, overlies the odontogenic papilla, and arises from the differentiation of a preameloblast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000060 odontoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000061 cementoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum (a bony substance that covers the root of a tooth), is part of the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a precementoblast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000062 osteoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000064 ciliated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that has a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000065 ependymal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. The cell has a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and for cell polarity where apical part is directed towards the lumen and the basal part to the basal lamina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000067 ciliated epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell An epithelial cell that has a cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000068 duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of a duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000071 blood vessel endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002139 endothelial cell of vascular tree An endothelial cell that lines the vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000075 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000077 mesothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002078 meso-epithelial cell A flattened epithelial cell of mesenchymal origin that lines the serous cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000080 circulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000081 blood cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000988 hematopoietic cell A cell found predominately in the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000082 epithelial cell of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000083 epithelial cell of pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000091 Kupffer cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000864 tissue-resident macrophage A tissue-resident macrophage of the reticuloendothelial system found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids involved in erythrocyte clearance. Markers include F4/80+, CD11b-low, CD68-positive, sialoadhesin-positive, CD163/SRCR-positive. Irregular, with long processes including lamellipodia extending into the sinusoid lumen, have flattened nucleus with cytoplasm containing characteristic invaginations of the plasma membrane (vermiform bodies); lie within the sinusoid lumen attached to the endothelial surface; derived from the bone marrow, form a major part of the body's mononuclear phagocyte system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000092 osteoclast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. This cell has the following markers: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5-positive, PU.1-positive, c-fos-positive, nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit-positive, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A-positive and macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000766 myeloid leukocyte A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000097 mast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002274 histamine secreting cell A cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. Progenitors leave bone marrow and mature in connective and mucosal tissue. Mature mast cells are found in all tissues, except the bloodstream. Their phenotype is CD117-high, CD123-negative, CD193-positive, CD200R3-positive, and FceRI-high. Stem-cell factor (KIT-ligand; SCF) is the main controlling signal of their survival and development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000098 sensory epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000197 sensory receptor cell A specialized epithelial cell involved in sensory perception. Restricted to special sense organs of the olfactory, gustatory, and vestibulocochlear receptor systems; contain sensory cells surrounded by supportive, non-receptive cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000100 motor neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000527 efferent neuron An efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes or inhibits movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000101 sensory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron Any neuron having a sensory function; an afferent neuron conveying sensory impulses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000103 bipolar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000104 multipolar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron with three or more neurites, usually an axon and multiple dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000107 autonomic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000032 peripheral nervous system neuron A neuron whose cell body is within an autonomic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000108 cholinergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that uses acetylcholine as a vesicular neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000110 peptidergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that uses neuropeptides as transmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000113 mononuclear phagocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000842 mononuclear cell A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002078 meso-epithelial cell An endothelial cell comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal. In mammals, endothelial cell has vimentin filaments and is derived from the mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000118 basket cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011005 GABAergic interneuron Basket cells are inhibitory GABAergic interneurons of the brain. In general, dendrites of basket cells are free branching and contain smooth spines. Axons are highly branched. The branched axonal arborizations give rise to basket-like structures that surround the soma of the target cell. Basket cells form axo-somatic synapses, meaning their synapses target somas of other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000119 cerebellar Golgi cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023057 cerebellar inhibitory GABAergic interneuron Large intrinsic neuron located in the granule layer of the cerebellar cortex that extends its dendrites into the molecular layer where they receive contact from parallel fibers. The axon of the Golgi cell ramifies densely in the granule layer and enters into a complex arrangement with mossy fiber terminals and granule cell dendrites to form the cerebellar glomerulus. Llinas, Walton and Lang. In The Synaptic Organization of the Brain. 5th ed. 2004. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000120 granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) A neuron of the vertebrate central nervous system that is small in size. This general class includes small neurons in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex, cerebral cortex neurons that are not pyramidal cells and small neurons without axons found in the olfactory bulb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000121 Purkinje cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001611 cerebellar neuron The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000122 stellate neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) A neuron that has dendritic processes radiating from the cell body forming a star-like shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000095 neuron associated cell A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000126 macroglial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A neuroglial cell of ectodermal origin, i.e., the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes considered together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000127 astrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000126 macroglial cell A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000128 oligodendrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023154 myelinating glial cell A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000129 microglial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000878 central nervous system macrophage A central nervous system macrophage found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system. Marker include CD11b-positive, F4/80-positive, and CD68-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000133 neurectodermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000221 ectodermal cell Ectoderm destined to be nervous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000134 mesenchymal stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell A connective tissue cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses. In humans, this cell type is CD73-positive, CD90-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative, CD34-negative, and MHCII-negative. They may further differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, neurons, or chondroblasts in vitro. Originally described as residing in the bone marrow, this cell type is now known to reside in many, if not all, adult organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000135 fibrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell An inactive fibroblast; cytoplasm is sparse, endoplasmic reticulum is scanty with flattened nucleus. Term used by some histologists; when fibroblasts become relatively inactive in fiber formation. However, this cell has the potential for fibrogenesis in quiescent connective tissue of the adult, as well as during development, other histologists prefer to use the term fibroblast in all circumstances. These cells represent ~0.5% of peripheral blood leukocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000136 adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of triglycerides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000137 osteocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000138 chondrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000667 collagen secreting cell Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000141 cementocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000137 osteocyte An osteocytelike cell with numerous processes, trapped in a lacuna in the cement of the tooth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000145 professional antigen presenting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000147 pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000325 stuff accumulating cell A pigment cell is a cell that contains pigment granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000148 melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000150 glandular epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell A specialized epithelial cell that is capable of synthesizing and secreting certain biomolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000152 exocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell A cell of an exocrine gland; i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000153 glycosaminoglycan secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000447 carbohydrate secreting cell A cell that secretes glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000155 peptic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach A cell that is usually basal in position, cuboidal with round nucleus, short microvilli, secretes pepsinogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000157 surfactant secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell A cell that specializes in secretion of surfactant in the alveoli of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000158 club cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A non-mucous, epithelial secretory cell that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. A club cell has short microvilli but no cilia. A club cell is able to multiply and differentiate into ciliated cells to regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium and it also protects the tracheobronchial epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000160 goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000319 mucus secreting cell A cell of the epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000162 parietal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach A large, oval stomach epithelial cell with a central nucleus; source of gastric acid. Secretes HCl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000163 endocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000164 enteroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000163 endocrine cell An endocrine cell that is located in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract or in the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000165 neuroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A neuron that is capable of some hormone secretion in response to neuronal signals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000166 chromaffin cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000568 amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000169 type B pancreatic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008024 pancreatic endocrine cell A cell that secretes insulin and is located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000170 glucagon secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A cell that secretes glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000171 pancreatic A cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008024 pancreatic endocrine cell A type of enteocrine cell found in the periphery of the islets of Langerhans that secretes glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000173 pancreatic D cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008024 pancreatic endocrine cell A D cell located in the pancreas. Peripherally placed within the islets like type A cells; contains somatostatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000175 luteal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum. The large luteal cells develop from the granulosa cells. The small luteal cells develop from the theca cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000178 Leydig cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000177 testosterone secreting cell A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000182 hepatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000183 contractile cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell whose primary function is to shorten. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000185 myoepithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002078 meso-epithelial cell Contractile cells resembling smooth muscle cells that are present in glands, notably the mammary gland, and aid in secretion. This cell has long weaving dendritic processes containing myofilament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000187 muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte. This cell has as part of its cytoplasm myofibrils organized in various patterns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000188 cell of skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A somatic cell located in skeletal muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000192 smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008007 visceral muscle cell A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000197 sensory receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that is capable of detection of a stimulus involved in sensory perception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000198 pain receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000006 neuronal receptor cell The peripheral receptor for pain. Includes receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. All mammalian nociceptors are free nerve endings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000199 mechanoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000101 sensory neuron A cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000202 auditory hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000855 sensory hair cell A mechanoreceptor cell of the auditory or vestibular system that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. The accessory sensory structures are arranged so that appropriate stimuli cause movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000205 thermoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000006 neuronal receptor cell A cellular receptor which mediates the sense of temperature. Thermoreceptor cells in vertebrates are mostly located under the skin. In mammals there are separate types of thermoreceptors for cold and for warmth and pain receptor cells which detect cold or heat extreme enough to cause pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000206 chemoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000197 sensory receptor cell A cell specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptors may monitor external stimuli, as in taste and olfaction, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000209 taste receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell A specialized cell involved in gustatory sensory perception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000210 photoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000006 neuronal receptor cell A cell specialized to detect and transduce light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000211 electrically active cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000213 lining cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000215 barrier cell A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000214 synovial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002078 meso-epithelial cell A cell located in the synovial joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000215 barrier cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000216 Sertoli cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002625 seminiferous tubule epithelial cell A supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete androgen binding protein. Their tight junctions with the spermatogonia and spermatocytes provide a blood-testis barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000218 myelinating Schwann cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023154 myelinating glial cell A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000219 motile cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that moves by its own activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000221 ectodermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002321 embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000222 mesodermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002321 embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000223 endodermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002321 embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000225 anucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that lacks a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000226 single nucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell A cell with a single nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000228 multinucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell A cell with more than one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000764 erythroid lineage cell A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000233 platelet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000763 myeloid cell A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000234 phagocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000473 defensive cell Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000235 macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000236 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000945 lymphocyte of B lineage A lymphocyte of B lineage that is capable of B cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000242 Merkel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000244 transitional epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell A cell characteristically found lining hollow organs that are subject to great mechanical change due to contraction and distention; originally thought to represent a transition between stratified squamous and columnar epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000293 structural cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell whose primary function is to provide structural support, to provide strength and physical integrity to the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000295 somatotropin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000300 gamete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000586 germ cell A mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000307 tracheal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002202 epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree An epithelial cell found in the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000312 keratinocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000362 epidermal cell An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000313 serous secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000159 seromucus secreting cell Columnar glandular cell with irregular nucleus, copious granular endoplasmic reticulum and supranuclear granules. Secretes a watery fluid containing proteins known as serous fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000317 sebum secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000021 sebaceous gland cell A cell secreting sebun, an oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands, composed of keratin, fat, and cellular debris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000322 pneumocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010003 epithelial cell of alveolus of lung An epithelial cell that lines the peripheral gas exchange region of the lungs of air-breathing vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000325 stuff accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that is specialised to accumulate a particular substance(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000333 migratory neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011012 neural crest cell A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000335 mesenchyme condensation cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008019 mesenchymal cell A mesenchymal cell in embryonic development found in a contracting mass and that gives rise to osteoprogenitors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000336 adrenal medulla chromaffin cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000426 chromaffin cell of adrenal gland A cell found within the adrenal medulla that secrete biogenic amine hormones upon stimulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000339 glioblast (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell An early neural cell developing from the early ependymal cell of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000346 hair follicle dermal papilla cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A specialized mesenchymal cell that resides in the dermal papilla located at the bottom of hair follicles. This cell plays a pivotal roles in hair formation, growth, and cycling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000347 scleral cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A cell of the sclera of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000348 choroidal cell of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A structural cell that is part of optic choroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000351 trophoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000349 extraembryonic cell A cell lining the outside of the blastocyst. After binding to the endometrium, trophoblast cells develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblast cells, which form the early fetal-maternal interface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000352 epiblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000052 totipotent stem cell A cell of the outer layer of a blastula that gives rise to the ectoderm after gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000353 blastoderm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000007 early embryonic cell (metazoa) An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000355 multi-potent skeletal muscle stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000188 cell of skeletal muscle A multifate stem cell found in skeletal muscle than can differentiate into many different cell types, including muscle. Distinct cell type from satellite cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000358 sphincter associated smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000192 smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of a sphincter. A sphincter is a typically circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000359 vascular associated smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033054 perivascular cell A smooth muscle cell associated with the vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000362 epidermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002159 general ecto-epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the integument (the outer layer of an organism). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000365 animal zygote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010017 zygote Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000393 electrically responsive cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000211 electrically active cell A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000402 CNS interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron An interneuron that has its cell body in a central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000404 electrically signaling cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000211 electrically active cell A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000412 polyploid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that contains more than two haploid sets of chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000413 haploid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell whose nucleus contains a single haploid genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000424 excretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell A cell involved in the elimination of metabolic and foreign toxins, and in maintaining the ionic, acid-base and water balance of biological fluids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000432 reticular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A fibroblast that synthesizes collagen and uses it to produce reticular fibers, thus providing structural support. Reticular cells are found in many organs, including the spleen, lymph nodes and kidneys. Subtypes of reticular cells include epithelial, mesenchymal, and fibroblastic reticular cells. Fibroblastic reticular cells are involved in directing B cells and T cells to specific regions within a tissue, whereas epithelial and mesenchymal reticular cells are associated with certain areas of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000437 gonadtroph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000639 basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis A rounded cell that is usually situated next to sinusoids; secretes follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000438 luteinizing hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell A peptide hormone secreting cell pituitary that produces luteinizing hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000439 prolactin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone cell that secretes prolactin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000440 melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000442 follicular dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000473 defensive cell A cell with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue. They are unrelated to the dendritic cell associated with T cells. Follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, but unlike other dendritic cells, they do not process or present antigen in a way that allows recognition by T cells. Instead, they hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000446 chief cell of parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002260 epithelial cell of parathyroid gland An epithelial cell of the parathyroid gland that is arranged in wide, irregular interconnecting columns; responsible for the synthesis and secretion of parathyroid hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000448 white adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000136 adipocyte An adipocyte with light coloration and few mitochondria. It contains a scant ring of cytoplasm surrounding a single large lipid droplet or vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000449 brown adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000136 adipocyte A cell from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in many species, particularly in newborns and hibernating mammals, but also in lesser amounts in adults of other mammals including humans. Brown fat is capable of rapid liberation of energy and seems to be important in the maintenance of body temperature immediately after birth and upon waking from hibernation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000451 dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. These cells are lineage negative (CD3-negative, CD19-negative, CD34-negative, and CD56-negative). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000453 Langerhans cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 conventional dendritic cell Langerhans cell is a conventional dendritic cell that has plasma membrane part CD207. A Langerhans cell is a stellate dendritic cell of myeloid origin, that appears clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000454 epinephrine secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000457 biogenic amine secreting cell A cell capable of producing epinephrine. Epiniphrine is synthesized from norepiniphrine by the actions of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase enzyme, which is expressed in the adrenal glands, androgenic neurons, and in other cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000458 serotonin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000457 biogenic amine secreting cell A cell type that secretes 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000459 noradrenergic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000457 biogenic amine secreting cell A cell capable of producting norepiniphrine. Norepiniphrine is a catecholamine with multiple roles including as a hormone and a neurotransmitter. In addition, epiniphrine is synthesized from norepiniphrine by the actions of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000467 adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces adrenocorticotropin, or corticotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000473 defensive cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell whose primary function is to protect the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000476 thyrotroph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000639 basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin. This cell type is elongated, polygonal and lie in clusters towards the adenohypophyseal center. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000484 connective tissue type mast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell Mast cell subtype whose granules contain both the serine proteases tryptase and chymase. These cells are primarily found in connective tissue, such as the peritoneal cavity, skin, and intestinal submucosa. Their development is T-cell independent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000488 visible light photoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000210 photoreceptor cell A photoreceptor cell that detects visible light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000624 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that cooperates with other lymphocytes via direct contact or cytokine release to initiate a variety of immune functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000498 inhibitory interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron An interneuron (also called relay neuron, association neuron or local circuit neuron) is a multipolar neuron which connects afferent neurons and efferent neurons in neural pathways. Like motor neurons, interneuron cell bodies are always located in the central nervous system (CNS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000500 follicular epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell An epithelial somatic cell associated with a maturing oocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000501 granulosa cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002174 follicular cell of ovary A supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000502 type D enteroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000172 somatostatin secreting cell A cell found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the pancreas. They secrete somatostatin in both an endocrine and paracrine manner. Somatostatin inhibits gastrin, cholecystokinin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic enzymes, and gastric hydrochloric acid. A variety of substances which inhibit gastric acid secretion (vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and gastric inhibitory peptide) are thought to act by releasing somatostatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000503 theca cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A flattened stroma cell forming a sheath or theca outside the basal lamina lining the mature ovarian follicle. Thecal interstitial or stromal cells are steroidogenic, and produce primarily androgens which serve as precusors of estrogens in the granulosa cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000506 enkephalin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000507 endorphin secreting cell An endorphine cell that secretes enkephalin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000507 endorphin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes endorphin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000508 type G enteroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002180 mucous cell of stomach An endocrine cell found in the pyloric gland mucosa (antral mucosa) of the stomach of mammals and responsible for the secretion of gastrin and enkephalin. Most abundant in pyloric antrum, pyramidal in form with a narrow apex bearing long microvilli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000509 gastrin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes gastrin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000510 paneth cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell An epithelial cell found in the basal part of the intestinal glands (crypts of Lieberkuhn) including the appendix. Paneth cells synthesize and secrete lysozyme and cryptdins. Numerous in the deeper parts of the intestinal crypts, particularly in the duodenum, rich in zinc, contain large acidophilic granules, with irregular apical microvilli and prominent membrane-bound vacuoles containing matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000511 androgen binding protein secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000154 protein secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes androgen binding protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000512 paracrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell A paracrine cell is a secretory cell that secretes an agonist into intercellular spaces in which it diffuses to a target cell other than that which produced it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000513 cardiac muscle myoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010021 cardiac myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000514 smooth muscle myoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000056 myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000515 skeletal muscle myoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A myoblast that differentiates into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000517 macrophage derived foam cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000891 foam cell A type of foam cell derived from a macrophage containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000518 phagocyte (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell A phagocyte in vertebrates that is able to phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000525 syncytiotrophoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000351 trophoblast cell A cell from the outer syncytial layer of the trophoblast of an early mammalian embryo, directly associated with the maternal blood supply. It secretes hCG in order to maintain progesterone secretion and sustain a pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000526 afferent neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000527 efferent neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000541 melanoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000842 mononuclear cell A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000545 T-helper 1 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive, CXCR3-positive, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interferon-gamma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000546 T-helper 2 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001051 CD4-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype GATA-3-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interleukin-4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000547 proerythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell An immature, nucleated erythrocyte occupying the stage of erythropoeisis that follows formation of erythroid progenitor cells. This cell is CD71-positive, has both a nucleus and a nucleolus, and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000549 basophilic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000765 erythroblast A nucleated immature erythrocyte, having cytoplasm generally similar to that of the earlier proerythroblast but sometimes even more basophilic, and usually regular in outline. The nucleus is still relatively large, but the chromatin strands are thicker and more deeply staining, giving a coarser appearance; the nucleoli have disappeared. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000550 polychromatophilic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000765 erythroblast A nucleated, immature erythrocyte in which the nucleus occupies a relatively smaller part of the cell than in its precursor, the basophilic erythroblast. The cytoplasm is beginning to acquire hemoglobin and thus is no longer a purely basophilic, but takes on acidophilic aspects, which becomes progressively more marked as the cell matures. The chromatin of the nucleus is arranged in coarse, deeply staining clumps. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000552 orthochromatic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000765 erythroblast The final stage of the nucleated, immature erythrocyte, before nuclear loss. Typically the cytoplasm is described as acidophilic, but it still shows a faint polychromatic tint. The nucleus is small and initially may still have coarse, clumped chromatin, as in its precursor, the polychromatophilic erythroblast, but ultimately it becomes pyknotic, and appears as a deeply staining, blue-black, homogeneous structureless mass. The nucleus is often eccentric and sometimes lobulated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000553 megakaryocyte progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000839 myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell The earliest cytologically identifiable precursor in the thrombocytic series. This cell is capable of endomitosis and lacks expression of hematopoieitic lineage markers (lin-negative). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000556 megakaryocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000763 myeloid cell A large hematopoietic cell (50 to 100 micron) with a lobated nucleus. Once mature, this cell undergoes multiple rounds of endomitosis and cytoplasmic restructuring to allow platelet formation and release. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000557 granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A hematopoietic progenitor cell that is committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages. These cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000558 reticulocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000764 erythroid lineage cell An immature erythrocyte that changes the protein composition of its plasma membrane by exosome formation and extrusion. The types of protein removed differ between species though removal of the transferrin receptor is apparent in mammals and birds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000559 promonocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A precursor in the monocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between the monoblast and monocyte. This cell is CD11b-positive and has fine azurophil granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000561 amacrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Interneuron of the vertebrate retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. They lack large axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000562 nucleate erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell An erythrocyte having a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000566 angioblastic mesenchymal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A mesenchymal stem cell capable of developing into blood vessel endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000568 amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000165 neuroendocrine cell A cell that originates in the neural crest, that has certain cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics and is found scattered throughout the body; types include melanocytes, the cells of the chromaffin system, and cells in the hypothalamus, hypophysis, thyroid, parathyroids, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. This cell type concentrates the amino acid precursors of certain amines and decarboxylate them, forming amines that function as regulators and neurotransmitters. This cell type produces substances such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, enkephalin, somatostatin, neurotensin, and substance P, the actions of which may affect contiguous cells, nearby groups of cells, or distant cells, thus functioning as local or systemic hormones. The name is an acronym for amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000569 cardiac mesenchymal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000073 migratory cardiac neural crest cell A mesenchymal cell found in the developing heart and that develops into some part of the heart. These cells derive from intra- and extra-cardiac sources, including the endocardium, epicardium, neural crest, and second heart field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000570 parafollicular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A neuroepithelial cells that occurs singly or in small groups, close to the outer follicular borders but within the follicular basement membrane of the thyroid. Expresses a form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) on their surface. Secretes calcitonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000573 retinal cone cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010009 camera-type eye photoreceptor cell One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000575 corneal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure An epithelial cell of the cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell Myeloid mononuclear recirculating leukocyte that can act as a precursor of tissue macrophages, osteoclasts and some populations of tissue dendritic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000581 peritoneal macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000864 tissue-resident macrophage A macrophage resident in the peritoneum under non-inflammatory conditions. Markers include F4/80-high, CD11b-high, CD68-positive, SIGNR1-positive, CD115-high, MHC-II-negative, and Dectin-1-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000583 alveolar macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001603 lung macrophage A tissue-resident macrophage found in the alveoli of the lungs. Ingests small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells. Markers include F4/80-positive, CD11b-/low, CD11c-positive, CD68-positive, sialoadhesin-positive, dectin-1-positive, MR-positive, CX3CR1-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000584 enterocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell An epithelial cell that has its apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000586 germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000039 germ line cell The reproductive cell in multicellular organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000588 odontoclast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000092 osteoclast A specialized osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000589 cochlear inner hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023120 cochlea auditory hair cell A bulbous cell that is medially placed in one row in the organ of Corti. In contrast to the outer hair cells, the inner hair cells are fewer in number, have fewer sensory hairs, and are less differentiated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000593 androgen secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000174 steroid hormone secreting cell A steroid hormone secreting cell that secretes androgen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000594 skeletal muscle satellite cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000680 muscle precursor cell An elongated, spindle-shaped, cell that is located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of a muscle fiber. These cells are mostly quiescent, but upon activation they divide to produce cells that generate new muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000595 enucleate erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 erythrocyte An erythrocyte lacking a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000598 pyramidal neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000104 multipolar neuron Pyramidal neurons have a pyramid-shaped soma with a single axon, a large apical dendrite and multiple basal dendrites. The apex and an apical dendrite typically point toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their region. Pyramidal neurons are found in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000601 cochlear outer hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023120 cochlea auditory hair cell A mechanoreceptor in the organ of Corti. In mammals the outer hair cells are arranged in three rows which are further from the modiolus than the single row of inner hair cells. The motile properties of the outer hair cells may contribute actively to tuning the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the cochlea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000602 pressoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000082 stretch receptor cell A receptor in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which is sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000604 retinal rod cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010009 camera-type eye photoreceptor cell One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000609 vestibular hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002374 ear hair cell A mechanoreceptor located in the acoustic maculae and the semicircular canals that mediates the sense of balance, movement, and head position. The vestibular hair cells are connected to accessory structures in such a way that movements of the head displace their stereocilia. This influences the membrane potential of the cells which relay information about movements via the vestibular part of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the brain stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000617 GABAergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that uses GABA as a vesicular neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000622 acinar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000154 protein secreting cell A secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape shaped clusters known as acini (singular acinus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 natural killer cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001067 group 1 innate lymphoid cell A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000624 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000791 mature alpha-beta T cell A mature alpha-beta T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD4 coreceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000625 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000791 mature alpha-beta T cell A T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD8 coreceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000626 olfactory granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001434 olfactory bulb interneuron A granule cell that has a soma located in an olfactory bulb granule cell layer. An olfactory granule cell is an interneuron that lacks an axon, makes reciprocal dendro-dendritic synapses with mitral cells and tufted cells and is involved in the fine spatio-temporal tuning of the responses of these principal olfactory bulb neurons to odors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000627 transporting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell involved in transporting nutrients, minerals, water, gases and other chemicals between cells for a variety of purposes including conveying nutrition to other tissues, removing waste products from the tissues, conveying gases for respiration, distributing heat and repelling invasion of foreign substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000630 supporting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell whose primary function is to support other cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000632 hepatic stellate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A cell that is found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver that is capable of multiple roles including storage of retinol, presentation of antigen to T cells (including CD1d-restricted NKT cells), and upon activation, production of extracellular matrix components that can contribute to liver fibrosis. This activated state has a myofibroblast-like phenotype, though it's not clear in the literature if this is terminally differentiated. This cell type comprises approximately 8-15% of total cells in the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000633 Hensen cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002490 organ of Corti supporting cell A tall supporting cell that is arranged in rows adjacent to the last row of outer phalangeal cells. This cell type constitutes the outer border of the organ of Corti. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000634 Claudius cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002315 supporting cell of cochlea A cuboidal cell which along with Boettcher's cells form the floor of the external spiral sulcus, external to the organ of Corti. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000635 Deiter's cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002165 phalangeal cell The outer phalangeal cells of the organ of Corti. This cell holds the base of the hair cell in a cup-shaped depression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000636 Mueller cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009004 retinal cell Astrocyte-like radial glial cell that extends vertically throughout the retina, with the nucleus are usually in the middle of the inner nuclear layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000637 chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000004 pituitary gland cell A cell that stains readily in the anterior pituitary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000638 acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000637 chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland An acidophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000639 basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000637 chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland A basophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000642 folliculostellate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000004 pituitary gland cell An agranular supporting cell of the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) that is characterized by a star-like morphology and ability to form follicles. Folliculostellate cells communicate with each other and with endocrine cells via gap junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000644 Bergmann glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000127 astrocyte Type of radial astrocyte in the cerebellar cortex that have their cell bodies in the Purkinje cell layer and processes that extend into the molecular layer, terminating with bulbous endfeet at the pial surface. Bergmann glia express high densities of glutamate transporters that limit diffusion of the neurotransmitter glutamate during its release from synaptic terminals. Besides their role in early development of the cerebellum, Bergmann glia are also required for the pruning or addition of synapses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000645 pituicyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000004 pituitary gland cell A glial cell of astrocytic lineage with long processes running parallel to adjacent axons in the proximal infundibulum of the neurohypophysis. These processes form a three-dimensional network among the axons of the hypothalamic neurosecretory cells and are connected by gap junctions which provide for their metabolic coupling. This cell type constitutes most of the nonexcitable tissue in the neurohypophsis; function may include possibly acting as an intermediate in the modulation of oxytocin and vasopressin release. This cell type is highly variable in size and shape and commonly contain lipid droplets and deposits of lipochrome pigment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000646 basal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000036 epithelial fate stem cell Undifferentiated; mitotic stem cell for other epithelial cell types; rounded or elliptical with little cytoplasm and few organelles; contain cytokeratin intermediate filament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000648 kidney granular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000618 juxtaglomerular complex cell A smooth muscle cell that synthesizes, stores, and secretes the enzyme renin. This cell type are located in the wall of the afferent arteriole at the entrance to the glomerulus. While having a different origin than other kidney smooth muscle cells, this cell type expresses smooth muscle actin upon maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000649 prickle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000312 keratinocyte A cell with delicate radiating processes known as desmosomes that form intercellular bridges between other cells of this type. This cell type forms the stratum spinosum (prickle cell layer). A function of this cell is to generate keratin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000650 mesangial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000669 pericyte A cell type that encapsulates the capillaries and venules in the kidney. This cell secretes mesangial matrix that provides the structural support for the capillaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000651 mucous neck cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000319 mucus secreting cell A mucus-secreting cell, with numerous apical secretory vesicles containing mucins; nucleus are basally displaced; numerous at the neck of mucus secreting glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000652 pinealocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell This cell type produces and secretes melatonin and forms the pineal parenchyma. Extending from each cell body, which has a spherical, oval or lobulated mucleus, are one or more tortuous basophilic processes, containing parallel microtubules known as synaptic ribbons. These processes end in expanded terminal buds near capillaries or less, frequently, ependymal cells of the pineal recess. The terminal buds contain granular endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and electron-dense cored vesicles, which store monoamines and polypeptide hormones, release of which appears to require sympathetic innervation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000653 podocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000450 epithelial cell of glomerular capsule A specialized kidney epithelial cell, contained within a glomerulus, that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other podocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000654 primary oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000023 oocyte A primary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed female meosis I. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000655 secondary oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000023 oocyte A secondary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed meiosis II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000656 primary spermatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000017 spermatocyte A diploid cell that has derived from a spermatogonium and can subsequently begin meiosis and divide into two haploid secondary spermatocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000657 secondary spermatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000413 haploid cell One of the two haploid cells into which a primary spermatocyte divides, and which in turn gives origin to spermatids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000667 collagen secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000327 extracellular matrix secreting cell An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes collagen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000669 pericyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008034 mural cell An elongated, contractile cell found wrapped about precapillary arterioles outside the basement membrane. Pericytes are present in capillaries where proper adventitia and muscle layer are missing (thus distingushing this cell type from adventitial cells). They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000670 primordial germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000219 motile cell A primordial germ cell is a diploid germ cell precursors that transiently exist in the embryo before they enter into close association with the somatic cells of the gonad and become irreversibly committed as germ cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000675 female gamete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000300 gamete A mature sexual reproductive cell of the female germline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000677 gut absorptive cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell Cell of the intestinal epithelium with a brush border made up of many parallel packed microvilli; associated with absorption, particularly of macromolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000679 glutamatergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that is capable of some neurotansmission by glutamate secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000680 muscle precursor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A non-terminally differentiated cell that is capable of developing into a muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000681 radial glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell A cell present in the developing CNS. Functions as both a precursor cell and as a scaffold to support neuronal migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000695 Cajal-Retzius cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A neuron of the human embryonic marginal zone which display, as a salient feature, radial ascending processes that contact the pial surface, and a horizontal axon plexus located in the deep marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000696 PP cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A cell that stores and secretes pancreatic polypeptide hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000700 dopaminergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033050 catecholaminergic neuron A neuron that releases dopamine as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000703 sustentacular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000630 supporting cell Cell that provides some or all mechanical, nutritional and phagocytic support to their neighbors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000706 choroid plexus epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell Specialized ependymal cell that produces the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and secretes it into the lumen of the brain and spinal chord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000708 leptomeningeal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Stromal cell that forms the internal covering of the vertebrate brain and produces ECM for this and the choroid plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002077 ecto-epithelial cell Epithelial cells derived from neural plate and neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000723 somatic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000034 stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000731 urothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A cell of a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the proximal urethra, bladder, ureter or renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000737 striated muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000187 muscle cell Muscle cell which has as its direct parts myofilaments organized into sarcomeres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000740 retinal ganglion cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) The set of neurons that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000745 retina horizontal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000746 cardiac muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002494 cardiocyte Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. In mammals, the contractile fiber resembles those of skeletal muscle but are only one third as large in diameter, are richer in sarcoplasm, and contain centrally located instead of peripheral nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000748 retinal bipolar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009004 retinal cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000749 ON-bipolar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000748 retinal bipolar neuron A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000751 rod bipolar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000749 ON-bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. These neurons depolarize in response to light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000752 cone retinal bipolar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000748 retinal bipolar neuron A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000762 nucleated thrombocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000763 myeloid cell A nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation, typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000763 myeloid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000988 hematopoietic cell A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000764 erythroid lineage cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000763 myeloid cell A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000765 erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A nucleated precursor of an erythrocyte that lacks hematopoietic lineage markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000766 myeloid leukocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000763 myeloid cell A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000767 basophil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000771 eosinophil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Eosinophils are CD9-positive, CD191-positive, and CD193-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000775 neutrophil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000777 mesangial phagocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000864 tissue-resident macrophage A tissue-resident macrophage of the renal glomerular mesangium involved in the disposal and degradation of filtration residues, presentation of antigen to T cells and in tissue remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000778 mononuclear osteoclast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000113 mononuclear phagocyte A specialized mononuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of bone, precursor of multinuclear osteoclasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000779 multinuclear osteoclast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000783 multinucleated phagocyte A specialized multinuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000780 multinuclear odontoclast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000779 multinuclear osteoclast A specialized multinuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000781 mononuclear odontoclast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000778 mononuclear osteoclast A specialized mononuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000782 myeloid dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 conventional dendritic cell A dendritic cell of the myeloid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000783 multinucleated phagocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000518 phagocyte (sensu Vertebrata) A phagocyte formed by the fusion of mononuclear phagocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000784 plasmacytoid dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000451 dendritic cell A dendritic cell type of distinct morphology, localization, and surface marker expression (CD123-positive) from other dendritic cell types and associated with early stage immune responses, particularly the release of physiologically abundant amounts of type I interferons in response to infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000785 mature B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001201 B cell, CD19-positive A B cell that is mature, having left the bone marrow. Initially, these cells are IgM-positive and IgD-positive, and they can be activated by antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000786 plasma cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000946 antibody secreting cell A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, antibody secreting cell of the B cell lineage with the phenotype CD138-positive, surface immunonoglobulin-negative, and MHC Class II-negative. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern and are devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000787 memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000785 mature B cell A memory B cell is a mature B cell that is long-lived, readily activated upon re-encounter of its antigenic determinant, and has been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin. This cell type has the phenotype CD19-positive, CD20-positive, MHC Class II-positive, and CD138-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000788 naive B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000785 mature B cell A naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, CD20-positive, CD27-negative and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000789 alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000790 immature alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002420 immature T cell An alpha-beta T cell that has an immature phenotype and has not completed T cell selection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000791 mature alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell A alpha-beta T cell that has a mature phenotype. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000792 CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000815 regulatory T cell A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000793 CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000797 alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000794 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000625 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is capable of killing target cells in an antigen specific manner with the phenotype perforin-positive and granzyme B-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000795 CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000815 regulatory T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000796 CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000797 alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell A alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000797 alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002496 intraepithelial lymphocyte A mature alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000798 gamma-delta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell that expresses a gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000799 immature gamma-delta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002420 immature T cell A gamma-delta T cell that has an immature phenotype. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000800 mature gamma-delta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell A gamma-delta T cell that has a mature phenotype. These cells can be found in tissues and circulation where they express unique TCR repertoire depending on their location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000801 gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002496 intraepithelial lymphocyte A mature gamma-delta T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. These cells participate in mucosal immune responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000802 CD8-alpha alpha positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000801 gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell A gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that has the phenotype CD8-alpha alpha-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000803 CD4-negative CD8-negative gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000801 gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell A gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative and CD8-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000805 immature single positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000893 thymocyte A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-positive, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000806 DN2 thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002489 double negative thymocyte A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000807 DN3 thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002489 double negative thymocyte A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, and CD25-positive and expressing the T cell receptor beta-chain in complex with the pre-T cell receptor alpha chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000808 DN4 thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002489 double negative thymocyte A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000809 double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000893 thymocyte A thymocyte expressing the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex as well as both the CD4 and CD8 coreceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000810 CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000893 thymocyte An immature alpha-beta T cell that is located in the thymus and is CD4-positive and CD8-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000811 CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000893 thymocyte An immature alpha-beta T cell that is located in the thymus and is CD8-positive and CD4-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000813 memory T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell A long-lived, antigen-experienced T cell that has acquired a memory phenotype including distinct surface markers and the ability to differentiate into an effector T cell upon antigen reexposure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000814 mature NK T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000791 mature alpha-beta T cell A mature alpha-beta T cell of a distinct lineage that bears natural killer markers and a T cell receptor specific for a limited set of ligands. NK T cells have activation and regulatory roles particularly early in an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000815 regulatory T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell A T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000816 immature B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001201 B cell, CD19-positive An immature B cell is a B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive and surface IgD-negative, and have not undergone class immunoglobulin class switching or peripheral encounter with antigen and activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000817 precursor B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001201 B cell, CD19-positive A precursor B cell is a B cell with the phenotype CD10-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000818 transitional stage B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001201 B cell, CD19-positive An immature B cell of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature naive stage with the phenotype surface IgM-positive and CD19-positive, and are subject to the process of B cell selection. A transitional B cell migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and then to the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000819 B-1 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000785 mature B cell A B cell of distinct lineage and surface marker expression. B-1 B cells are thought to be the primary source of natural IgM immunoglobulin, that is, IgM produced in large quantities without prior antigenic stimulation and generally reactive against various microorganisms, as well as the source of T-independent IgA immunoglobulin in the mucosal areas. These cells are CD43-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000820 B-1a B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000819 B-1 B cell A B-1 B cell that has the phenotype CD5-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000821 B-1b B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000819 B-1 B cell A B-1 B cell that has the phenotype CD5-negative, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000822 B-2 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000785 mature B cell A conventional B cell subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells. These cells are CD43-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000823 immature natural killer cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001082 immature innate lymphoid cell A natural killer cell that is developmentally immature and expresses natural killer cell receptors (NKR). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000824 mature natural killer cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 natural killer cell A natural killer cell that is developmentally mature and expresses a variety of inhibitory and activating receptors that recognize MHC class I and other stress related molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000825 pro-NK cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000838 lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell A lymphoid progenitor cell that is committed to the natural killer cell lineage, expressing CD122 (IL-15) receptor, but lacking many of the phenotypic characteristics of later stages of natural killer cell development such as expression of NK activating and inhibitory molecules. In human this cell has the phenotype CD34-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD10-positive, CD117-negative, and CD161 negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000826 pro-B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000838 lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell A progenitor cell of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000827 pro-T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000838 lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell A lymphoid progenitor cell of the T cell lineage, with some lineage specific marker expression, but not yet fully committed to the T cell lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000828 thromboblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000839 myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell A progenitor cell of the thrombocyte, a nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000831 mast cell progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000839 myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell A progenitor cell of the mast cell lineage. Markers for this cell are FceRIa-low, CD117-positive, CD9-positive, T1/ST2-positive, SCA1-negative, and lineage-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000834 neutrophil progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A progenitor cell of the neutrophil lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000835 myeloblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ration (5:1-7:1), and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. They reside in the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000837 hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008001 hematopoietic precursor cell A hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell is multipotent, but not capable of long-term self-renewal. These cells are characterized as lacking lineage cell surface markers and being CD34-positive in both mice and humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000838 lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell restricted to the lymphoid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000839 myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell restricted to the myeloid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000842 mononuclear cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000843 follicular B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000822 B-2 B cell A resting mature B cell that has the phenotype IgM-positive, IgD-positive, CD23-positive and CD21-positive, and found in the B cell follicles of the white pulp of the spleen or the corticol areas of the peripheral lymph nodes. This cell type is also described as being CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-negative, CD43-negative, and CD5-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000844 germinal center B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000785 mature B cell A rapidly cycling mature B cell that has distinct phenotypic characteristics and is involved in T-dependent immune responses and located typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes. This cell type expresses Ly77 after activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000845 marginal zone B cell of spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000074 splenocyte A mature B cell that is located in the marginal zone of the spleen with the phenotype CD23-negative and CD21-positive and expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL. This cell type is also described as being CD19-positive, B220-positive, IgM-high, AA4-negative, CD35-high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000846 vestibular dark cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the vestibular sensory organ that is characterized by intense enzymatic activities and numerous basal membrane infoldings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000847 ciliated olfactory receptor neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000207 olfactory receptor cell An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a pronounced ciliated olfactory knob. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000850 serotonergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that releases serotonin as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000853 olfactory epithelial supporting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002169 basal cell of olfactory epithelium Olfactory epithelial support cell is a columnar cell that extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium. This cell type has a large, vertically, elongate, euchromatic nucleus, along with other nuclei, forms a layer superficial to the cell body of the receptor cell; sends long somewhat irregular microvilli into the mucus layer; at the base, with expanded end-feet containing numerous lamellated dense bodies resembling lipofuscin of neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000855 sensory hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000199 mechanoreceptor cell Hair cell is a mechanoreceptor cell that is sensitive to movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000856 neuromast hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000860 classical monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 monocyte A monocyte that responds rapidly to microbial stimuli by secreting cytokines and antimicrobial factors and which is characterized by high expression of CCR2 in both rodents and humans, negative for the lineage markers CD3, CD19, and CD20, and of larger size than non-classical monocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000864 tissue-resident macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000235 macrophage A macrophage constitutively resident in a particular tissue under non-inflammatory conditions, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000878 central nervous system macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A tissue-resident macrophage found in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000881 perivascular macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033054 perivascular cell A central nervous system macrophage found in small blood vessels in the brain. Markers include CD14+CD16+CD163+. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000889 myeloid suppressor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000766 myeloid leukocyte An immature myeloid leukocyte of heterogeneous phenotype found particularly in cancer and sepsis patients that is capable of suppressing activity of T cells in ex vivo assays. This cell type is CD45-positive, CD11b-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000891 foam cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000893 thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure An immature T cell located in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000894 DN1 thymic pro-T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A pro-T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000895 naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000898 naive T cell An antigen inexperienced CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive and CD62L-positive. This cell type develops in the thymus. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high, and CD44-low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000896 activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000624 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell A recently activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000897 CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000813 memory T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has differentiated into a memory T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000898 naive T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell Mature T cell not yet exposed to antigen with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD45RA-positive, and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high and CD44-low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000899 T-helper 17 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-positive, and capable of producing IL-17. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000900 naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000898 naive T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has not experienced activation via antigen contact and has the phenotype CD45RA-positive, CCR7-positive and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high and CD44-low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000904 central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001204 CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000905 effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001204 CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000906 activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000625 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, CD25-positive, and CCR7-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000907 central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001203 CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000908 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000625 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive, that secretes cytokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000909 CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000813 memory T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has differentiated into a memory T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000911 effector T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell A differentiated T cell with ability to traffic to peripheral tissues and is capable of mounting a specific immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000912 helper T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000911 effector T cell A effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000913 effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001203 CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000914 immature NK T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000790 immature alpha-beta T cell An immature alpha-beta T-cell that express Egr2. These cells give rise to T cells expressing NK markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000916 dendritic epidermal T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000800 mature gamma-delta T cell A mature gamma-delta T cell located in the epidermis that regulates wound healing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000936 early lymphoid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A lymphoid progenitor cell that is found in bone marrow, gives rise to B cells, T cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells, and has the phenotype Lin-negative, Kit-positive, Sca-1-positive, FLT3-positive, CD34-positive, CD150 negative, and GlyA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000937 pre-natural killer cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 natural killer cell Cell committed to natural killer cell lineage that has the phenotype CD122-positive, CD34-positive, and CD117-positive. This cell type lacks expression of natural killer receptor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000945 lymphocyte of B lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A lymphocyte of B lineage with the commitment to express an immunoglobulin complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000946 antibody secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000945 lymphocyte of B lineage A lymphocyte of B lineage that is devoted to secreting large amounts of immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000948 IgE memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000972 class switched memory B cell A class switched memory B cell that expresses IgE on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000952 preBCR-positive large pre-B-II cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000957 large pre-B-II cell An preBRC-positive large pre-B-II cell is a large pre-B-II cell that is pre-B cell receptor-positive, composed of surrogate light chain protein (SL), which is composed of VpreB , Lambda 5/14.1, in complex with immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu) on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000953 preBCR-negative large pre-B-II cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000957 large pre-B-II cell A pre-BCR-negative large pre-B-II cell is a large pre-B-II cell that is pre-B cell receptor-negative, composed of surrogate light chain protein (SL), which is composed of VpreB and Lambda 5/14.1, in complex with immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu), on the cell surface, and lack a DNA rearrangement of immunoglobulin light chain genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000954 small pre-B-II cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000955 pre-B-II cell A small pre-B-II cell is a pre-B-II cell that is Rag1-positive, Rag2-positive, pre-BCR-negative, and BCR-negative, is not proliferating, and carries a DNA rearrangement of one or more immunoglobulin light chain genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000955 pre-B-II cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000817 precursor B cell A pre-B-II cell is a precursor B cell that expresses immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu+), and lack expression of CD34, TdT, immunoglobulin kappa light chain and immunoglobulin lambda light chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000956 pre-B-I cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000817 precursor B cell A pre-B-I cell is a precursor B cell that expresses CD34 and surrogate immunoglobulin light chain (VpreB , Lambda 5 (mouse)/14.1 (human)) on the cell surface, and TdT, Rag1,and Rag2 intracellularly. Cell type carries a D-JH DNA rearrangement, and lacks expression of immunglobulin heavy chain protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000957 large pre-B-II cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000955 pre-B-II cell A large pre-B-II cell is a pre-B-II cell that is proliferating and is Rag1-negative and Rag2-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000958 T1 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000818 transitional stage B cell A transitional stage B cell that migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and finally to the spleen. This cell type has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-negative, CD21-negative, CD23-negative, and CD62L-negative, and CD93-positive. This cell type has also been described as IgM-high, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000959 T2 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000818 transitional stage B cell A transitional stage B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-postive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-negative, CD93-positive and is located in the splenic B follicles. This cell type has also been described as IgM-high, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000960 T3 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000818 transitional stage B cell A transitional stage B cell that expresses surface IgM and IgD, and CD62L. This cell type appears to be an anergic B cell that does not proliferate upon BCR signaling, is found in the spleen and lymph nodes, and has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-positive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-positive, and CD93-positive. This cell type has also been described as IgM-low, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-positive (i.e. this cell-type is distinguished from T2 cells by surface expression of IgM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000961 Bm1 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002056 fraction F mature B cell A follicular B cell that is IgD-positive, CD23-negative, and CD38-negative. This naive cell type is activated in the extrafollicular areas through interaction with interdigitating dendritic cells and antigen-specific CD4-positive T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000962 Bm2 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000843 follicular B cell A follicular B cell that is IgD-positive and CD23-positive and CD38-positive. This naive cell type is activated in the extrafollicular areas via interaction with dendritic cells and antigen specific T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000963 Bm3-delta B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000844 germinal center B cell A germinal center B cell that develops from a Bm3 B cell. This cell has the phenotype IgM-negative, IgD-positive, and CD38-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000964 Bm2' B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000844 germinal center B cell A germinal center B cell that founds a germinal center, and has the phenotype IgD-positive, CD38-positive, and CD23-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000965 Bm3 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000844 germinal center B cell A germinal center B cell that is rapidly dividing and has the phenotype IgD-negative, CD38-positive, and CD77-positive. Somatic hypermutation of the immunoglobulin V gene region can occur during proliferation of this cell type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000966 Bm4 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000844 germinal center B cell A germinal center B cell that has the phenotype CD77-negative, IgD-negative, and CD38-positive. These cells have undergone somatic mutation of the B cell receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000967 Bm5 B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001053 IgD-negative memory B cell A memory B cell arising in the germinal center that is IgD-negative and has undergone somatic mutation of the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000970 unswitched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000787 memory B cell An unswitched memory B cell is a memory B cell that has the phenotype IgM-positive, IgD-positive, CD27-positive, CD138-negative, IgG-negative, IgE-negative, and IgA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000971 IgM memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001053 IgD-negative memory B cell An IgM memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell with the phenotype IgM-positive and IgD-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000972 class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000787 memory B cell A class switched memory B cell is a memory B cell that has undergone Ig class switching and therefore is IgM-negative on the cell surface. These cells are CD27-positive and have either IgG, IgE, or IgA on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000973 IgA memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000972 class switched memory B cell A class switched memory B cell that expresses IgA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000974 long lived plasma cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000786 plasma cell A fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for years, as opposed to months, secretes immunoglobulin, and has the phenotype weakly CD19-positive, CD20-negative, CD38-negative, strongly CD138-positive, MHC Class II-negative, surface immunoglobulin-negative, IgD-negative, and strongly CXCR4-positive. The majority of these cells of this type reside in the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000975 short lived plasma cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000786 plasma cell A fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for months. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000979 IgG memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000972 class switched memory B cell An IgG memory B cell is a class switched memory B cell that is class switched and expresses IgG on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000980 plasmablast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000946 antibody secreting cell An activated mature (naive or memory) B cell that is secreting immunoglobulin, typified by being CD27-positive, CD38-positive, CD138-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000981 double negative memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001053 IgD-negative memory B cell A memory B cell with the phenotype IgD-negative and CD27-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000988 hematopoietic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell of a hematopoietic lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 conventional dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000451 dendritic cell Conventional dendritic cell is a dendritic cell that is CD11c-high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001008 Kit and Sca1-positive hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000037 hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem cell that has plasma membrane part Kit-positive, SCA-1-positive, CD150-positive and CD34-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001021 CD34-positive, CD38-positive common lymphoid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000995 CD34-positive, CD38-positive common myeloid progenitor OR CD34-positive, CD38-positive common lymphoid progenitor A common lymphoid progenitor that is CD10-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD34-positive and CD38-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001022 CD115-positive monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001019 CD115-positive monocyte OR common dendritic progenitor CD115-positive monocyte is a monocyte that is CD115-positive and CD11b-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001023 Kit-positive, CD34-positive common myeloid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001059 common myeloid progenitor, CD34-positive A common myeloid progenitor that is Kit-positive and CD34-positive, Il7ra-negative, and is SCA1-low and Fcgr2-low and Fcgr3-low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001024 CD34-positive, CD38-negative hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000037 hematopoietic stem cell CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cell is a hematopoietic stem cell that is CD34-positive, CD90-positive, and CD133-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001025 Kit-positive, Sca1-positive common lymphoid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001030 CD117-positive common myeloid progenitor OR CD217-positive common lymphoid progenitor A common lymphoid progenitor that is Kit-low, FLT3-positive, IL7ralpha-positive, and SCA1-low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001026 CD34-positive, CD38-positive common myeloid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001059 common myeloid progenitor, CD34-positive A common myeloid progenitor that is CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL3ra-low, CD10-negative, CD7-negative, CD45RA-negative, and IL-5Ralpha-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001027 CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001012 CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor OR granulocyte monocyte progenitor CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor cell is a lymphoid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD7-negative and CD45RA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001028 CD7-positive lymphoid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000051 common lymphoid progenitor CD7-positive lymphoid progenitor cell is a lymphoid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD7-positive and is CD45RA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001029 common dendritic progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Common dendritic precursor is a hematopoietic progenitor cell that is CD117-low, CD135-positive, CD115-positive and lacks plasma membrane parts for hematopoietic lineage markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001031 cerebellar granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000028 cerebellum glutamatergic neuron An excitatory granule cell with a soma located in the granular layer of cerebellar cortex. A mature cerebellar granule cell has short dendrites with a characteristic claw-like appearance and a long axon that ascends to the molecular layer where it bifurcates (except in non-teleost fish, where it does not bifurcate) and extends mediolaterally to form parallel fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001032 cortical granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0012001 neuron of the forebrain Granule cell that is part of the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001033 hippocampal granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002608 hippocampal neuron Granule cell with a soma found in the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001035 bone cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A connective tissue cell found in bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001040 non-terminally differentiated osteoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001035 bone cell Osteoblast that is non-terminally differentiated and located in cellular bone tissue or under the periosteum in acellular bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001051 CD4-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000624 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001053 IgD-negative memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000787 memory B cell A memory B cell that lacks expression of surface IgD. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001054 CD14-positive monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 monocyte A monocyte that expresses CD14 and is negative for the lineage markers CD3, CD19, and CD20. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001055 CD14-positive, CD16-low monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002397 CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte An intermediate monocyte that is CD14-positive and with low amounts of CD16. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001059 common myeloid progenitor, CD34-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. These cells are CD34-positive, and express Gata1, Gata2, C/EBPa, and Pu.1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001060 hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell, lineage-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002032 hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell A hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell that has the ability to differentiate into limited cell types but lacks lineage cell markers and self renewal capabilities. Cell lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002000 Kit-positive erythroid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001066 erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian An erythroid progenitor cell is Kit-positive, Ly6A-negative, CD41-negative, CD127-negative, and CD123-negative. This cell type is also described as being lin-negative, Kit-positive, CD150-negative, CD41-negative, CD105-positive, and FcgR-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002001 CD34-positive, CD38-positive granulocyte monocyte progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000557 granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell A granulocyte monocyte progenitor is CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL-3receptor-alpha-positive and is CD45RA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002002 Kit-positive granulocyte monocyte progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000557 granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell A granulocyte monocyte progenitor that is Kit-positive, CD34-positive, Fc-gamma receptor II/II-positive, and is Sca-1-negative, Il7ra-negative, Cxc3r1-negative, and CD90-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002003 CD34-positive, GlyA-negative erythroid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001066 erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian An erythroid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive and is GlyA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002004 CD34-negative, GlyA-negative proerythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000547 proerythroblast A proerythoblast that is CD34-negative and GlyA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002005 CD34-positive, CD38-positive megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000050 megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell A megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell is CD34-positive, CD38-positive and is IL3-receptor alpha-negative and CD45RA-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002006 Kit-positive, CD34-negative megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000050 megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell A megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell that is Kit-positive and is Sca1-negative, CD34-negative, CD90-negative, IL7r-alpha-negative and Fcgr II/III-low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002009 macrophage dendritic cell progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell that can give rise to plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, and to monocytes and macrophages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002011 Kit-positive macrophage dendritic cell progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002009 macrophage dendritic cell progenitor A progenitor cell that can give rise to plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, and to monocytes and macrophages. Marker for this cell is Kit-high, CD115-positive, CD135-positive, Cx3cr1-positive, and is Il7ra-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002012 Kit-low proerythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000547 proerythroblast A proerythoblast that is Kit-low, Lyg76-positive, and CD71-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002013 GlyA-positive basophilic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000549 basophilic erythroblast A basophilic erythroblast that is GlyA-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002014 Kit-negative, Ly-76 high basophilic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000549 basophilic erythroblast A basophilic erythroblast that is Lyg 76-high and is Kit-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002015 Kit-negative, Ly-76 high polychromatophilic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000550 polychromatophilic erythroblast A polychromatophilic erythroblast that is Lyg 76-high and is Kit-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002016 CD71-low, GlyA-positive polychromatic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000550 polychromatophilic erythroblast A polychromatiic erythroblast that is Gly-A-positive and CD71-low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002017 Kit-negative, Ly-76 high orthochromatophilic erythroblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000552 orthochromatic erythroblast An orthochromatophilic erythroblast that is ter119-high, CD71-low, and Kit-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002018 CD71-negative, GlyA-positive orthochromatic erythroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000552 orthochromatic erythroblast An erythroblast that is GlyA-positive and CD71-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002019 Ly-76 high reticulocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002422 enucleated reticulocyte A reticulocyte that is Ly76-high and is Kit-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002020 GlyA-positive reticulocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002422 enucleated reticulocyte A reticulocyte that is GlyA-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002021 GlyA-positive erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000595 enucleate erythrocyte An enucleate erythrocyte that is GlyA-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002022 Ly-76 high positive erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000595 enucleate erythrocyte An enucleate erythrocyte that is Lyg-76-high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002028 basophil mast progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002191 granulocytopoietic cell A cell type that can give rise to basophil and mast cells. This cell is CD34-positive, CD117-positive, CD125-positive, FceRIa-negative, and T1/ST2-negative, and expresses Gata-1, Gata-2, C/EBPa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002031 hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008001 hematopoietic precursor cell A hematopoietic progenitor cell that is capable of developing into only one lineage of hematopoietic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002032 hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008001 hematopoietic precursor cell A hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell that has the ability to differentiate into limited cell types but lacks lineage cell markers and self renewal capabilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002033 short term hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001008 Kit and Sca1-positive hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem cell capable of rapid replenishment of myeloerythroid progenitors and limited self renewal capability. This cell is Kit-positive, Sca1-positive, CD34-positive, CD150-positive, and is Flt3-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002034 long term hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001008 Kit and Sca1-positive hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem cell with long term self renewal capability. This cell is Kit-positive, Sca1-positive, CD150-positive, CD90-low, CD34-negative and Flt3-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002035 Slamf1-negative multipotent progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000837 hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell A hematopoietic progenitor that has restricted self-renewal capability. Cell is Kit-positive, Ly6-positive, CD150-negative and Flt3-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002036 Slamf1-positive multipotent progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000837 hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell A hematopoietic progenitor that has some limited self-renewal capability. Cells are lin-negative, Kit-positive, CD34-positive, and Slamf1-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002038 T follicular helper cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000492 CD4-positive helper T cell A CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cell located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that is BCL6-high, ICOS-high and PD1-high, and stimulates follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002039 immature NK T cell stage I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000914 immature NK T cell A CD24-high, CD4-low, CD8-low, CD44-negative, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002040 immature NK T cell stage II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000914 immature NK T cell A CD24-low, CD44-negative, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002041 immature NK T cell stage III http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000914 immature NK T cell A CD24-low, CD44-positive, DX5-low, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002042 immature NK T cell stage IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000914 immature NK T cell A CD24-low, CD44-positive, DX5-high, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002043 CD34-positive, CD38-negative multipotent progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000837 hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell A hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD38-negative, CD45RA-negative, and CD90-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002045 fraction A pre-pro B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000826 pro-B cell A pro-B cell that is CD45R/B220-positive, CD43-positive, HSA-low, BP-1-negative and Ly6c-negative. This cell type is also described as being lin-negative, AA4-positive, Kit-positive, IL7Ra-positive and CD45R-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002046 early pro-B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000826 pro-B cell A pro-B cell that is CD22-positive, CD34-positive, CD38-positive and TdT-positive (has TdT activity). Pre-BCR is expressed on the cell surface. Cell is CD19-negative, CD20-negative, complement receptor type 2-negative and CD10-low. D-to-J recombination of the heavy chain occurs at this stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002047 fraction B precursor B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002400 fraction B/C precursor B cell A precursor B cell that is CD45RA-positive, CD43-positive, CD24-positive and BP-1-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002048 late pro-B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000817 precursor B cell A pre-B cell precursor is CD19-low, CD22-positive , CD34-positive, CD38-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002049 fraction C precursor B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002400 fraction B/C precursor B cell A precursor B cell that is CD45R-positive, CD43-positive, CD24-positive, and BP-positive. Intracellularly expression of surrogate light chain, Rag1 and Rag2, TdT, occurs while there is no expression of mu heavy chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002050 fraction C' precursor B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000817 precursor B cell A pre-BCR-positive precursor B cell that is CD24-high, CD25-positive, CD43-positive, CD45R-positive and BP-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002052 fraction D precursor B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002400 fraction B/C precursor B cell A pre-B cell that is pre-BCR-negative, and the kappa- and lambda- light immunoglobulin light chain-negative, CD43-low, and is BP-1-positive, CD45R-positive and CD25-positive. This cell type is also described as being AA4-positive, IgM-negative, CD19-positive, CD43-low/negative, and HSA-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002054 fraction E immature B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000816 immature B cell An immature B cell that is IgM-positive, CD45R-positive, CD43-low, CD25-negative, and CD127-negative. This cell type has also been described as being AA4-positive, IgM-positive, CD19-positive, CD43-low/negative, and HSA-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002056 fraction F mature B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000822 B-2 B cell A mature B cell subset originally defined as having being CD45R-positive, IgM-positive, IgD-positive and CD43-negative. Subsequent research demonstrated being CD21-positive and CD23-negative and CD93 negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002059 CD8alpha-positive thymic conventional dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000941 thymic conventional dendritic cell A conventional thymic dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002060 melanophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000864 tissue-resident macrophage A melanin-containing macrophage that obtains the pigment by phagocytosis of melanosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002062 type I pneumocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000322 pneumocyte A type I pneumocyte is a flattened, branched pneumocyte that covers more than 98% of the alveolar surface. This large cell has thin (50-100 nm) cytoplasmic extensions to form the air-blood barrier essential for normal gas exchange. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002063 type II pneumocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000272 lung secretory cell A type II pneumocyte is a pneumocyte that modulates the fluid surrounding the alveolar epithelium by secreting and recycling surfactants. This cell type also contributes to tissue repair and can differentiate after injury into a type I pneumocyte. Thicker than squamous alveolar cells, have a rounded apical surface that projects above the level of surrounding epithelium. The free surface is covered by short microvilli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002064 pancreatic acinar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001599 pancreas exocrine glandular cell A secretory cell found in pancreatic acini that secretes digestive enzymes and mucins. This cell is a typical zymogenic cell, have a basal nucleus and basophilic cytoplasm consisting of regular arrays of granular endoplasmic reticulum with mitochondria and dense secretory granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002066 Feyrter cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000165 neuroendocrine cell A neuroendocrine cell found in the epithelium of the lungs and respiratory tract. This cell type is rounded or elliptical in shape, situated mainly in the basal part of the epithelium; regulates bronchial secretion, smooth muscle contraction, lobular growth, ciliary activity and chemoreception. Cell has an electron-lucent cytoplasm, contains numerous dense-cored vesicles with a clear halo between the core and the limiting membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002067 type A enteroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000170 glucagon secreting cell An enteroendocrine cell that produces glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002068 Purkinje myocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002086 specialized cardiac myocyte Specialized cardiac myocyte that is subendocardially interspersed with the regular cardiac muscle cell. They are uninucleate cylindrical cells, associated end-to-end in long rows, continue from the node to the atrioventricular bundle; relatively short compared to ordinary myocytes but are nearly twice their diameter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002069 type II vestibular sensory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000609 vestibular hair cell Mostly cylindrical, resemble Type 1 in their contents and the presence of a kinocilium and stereocilium apically; much greater variation in size, some almost span the entire thickness of the sensory epithelium, while others are smaller than Type 1; receive multiple efferent nerve boutons around their bases as well as afferent endings, which are small expansions rather than chalices. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002070 type I vestibular sensory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000609 vestibular hair cell Bottle-shaped with narrow neck; broad, rounded basal portion where nucleus is located; stereocilia and a single kinocilium is present apically; receive nerve bouton at their base from an afferent cup-shaped (chalice or calyx) nerve ending. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002072 nodal myocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002086 specialized cardiac myocyte A specialized cardiac myocyte in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes. The cell is slender and fusiform confined to the nodal center, circumferentially arranged around the nodal artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002073 transitional myocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002086 specialized cardiac myocyte Specialized cardiac myocyte which is in the internodal tract and atrioventricular node. The cell is more slender than ordinary atrial myocytes and has more myofibrils than nodal myocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002074 myocardial endocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002086 specialized cardiac myocyte The myoendocrine cellis a specialized myocyte localized mainly in the right and left atrial appendages, and also scattered within other areas of the atria and along the conductive system in the ventricular septum. The most conspicuous feature distinguishing myoendocrine cells from other atrial myoctyes is the presence of membane-bounded secretory granules (these granules contain precursor of cardiodilatins or atrial natriuretic polypeptides). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002075 brush cell of trachebronchial tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002204 brush cell Infrequent type of columnar epithelial cell. This cell is characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (approximately 120-140/cell) on the cell surface. The microvilli contain filaments that stretch into the underlying cytoplasm. They have a distinctive pear shape with a wide base and a narrow microvillous apex. Function not known. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell derived from endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002077 ecto-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell derived from ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002078 meso-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Epithelial cell derived from mesoderm or mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002079 pancreatic ductal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001433 epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas Epithelial cell found in the ducts of the pancreas. This cell type contributes to the high luminal pH. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002080 pancreatic centro-acinar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001433 epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas A cubodial epithelial cell that is continuous with the lining of intercalated ducts that drain the acinus. This cell type secretes a high pH solution to aid in activation of zymogens, and can differentiate into endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002081 type II cell of carotid body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002256 supporting cell of carotid body This cell resembles a glia cell, express the glial marker S100 and act as a supporting cell to type I cell. This cell is located in a small cluster of type I and type II cells near the fork of the carotid artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002082 type II cell of adrenal medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000454 epinephrine secreting cell A chromaffin cell of the adrenal medulla that produces epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002083 type I cell of adrenal medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000459 noradrenergic cell A chromaffin cell of the adrenal medulla that produces norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002084 Boettcher cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002315 supporting cell of cochlea A Boettcher cell is a polyhedral cells on the basilar membrane of the cochlea, and is located beneath Claudius cells. A Boettcher cell is considered a supporting cell for the organ of Corti, and is present only in the lower turn of the cochlea. These cells interweave with each other, and project microvilli into the intercellular space. Because of their structural specialization, a Boettcher cell is believed to play a significant role in the function of the cochlea. They demonstrate high levels of calmodulin, and may be involved in mediating Ca(2+) regulation and ion transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002086 specialized cardiac myocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000746 cardiac muscle cell A cardiac myocyte that is an excitable cells in the myocardium, specifically in the conducting system of heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002087 nongranular leukocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A leukocyte that lacks granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002088 interstitial cell of Cajal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell This is a cell found in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and serves as a pacemaker that triggers gut contraction. ICCs mediate inputs from the enteric nervous system to smooth muscle cells and are thought to be the cells from which gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) arise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002090 polar body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000021 female germ cell One of two small cells formed by the first and second meiotic division of oocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002091 primary polar body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002090 polar body A small cell formed by the first meiotic division of oocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002092 bone marrow cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A cell found in the bone marrow. This can include fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002093 secondary polar body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002090 polar body A small cell formed by the second meiotic division of oocytes. In mammals, the second polar body may fail to form unless the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002095 hilus cell of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002132 stromal cell of ovary A cell in the hilum of the ovary that produces androgens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002097 cortical cell of adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001601 adrenal gland glandular cell A cell of the adrenal cortex. Cell types include those that synthesize and secrete chemical derivatives (steroids) of cholesterol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002099 type I cell of adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002097 cortical cell of adrenal gland A small, polyhedral, cell found in rounded groups or curved columns with deeply staining nuclei, scanty basophilic cytoplasm and a few lipid droplets. This cell in the zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002101 CD38-positive naive B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000788 naive B cell A CD38-positive naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002102 CD38-negative naive B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000788 naive B cell A CD38-negative naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype CD38-negative, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002103 IgG-positive double negative memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000981 double negative memory B cell An IgG-positive double negative memory B cell is a double negative memory B cell with the phenotype IgG-positive, IgD-negative, and CD27-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002104 IgG-negative double negative memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000981 double negative memory B cell An IgG-negative double negative memory B cell is a double negative memory B cell with the phenotype IgG-negative, IgD-negative, and CD27-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002105 CD38-positive IgG memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000979 IgG memory B cell A CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a class switched memory B cell that expresses IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-positive and IgG-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002106 IgD-positive CD38-positive IgG memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002105 CD38-positive IgG memory B cell An IgD-positive CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-positive class switched memory B cell that has class switched and expresses IgD on the cell surface with the phenotype IgD-positive, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002107 IgD-negative CD38-positive IgG memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002105 CD38-positive IgG memory B cell An IgD-negative CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-positive that has class switched and lacks expression of IgD on the cell surface with the phenotype IgD-negative, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002108 CD38-negative IgG memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001053 IgD-negative memory B cell A CD38-negative IgG memory B cell is a IgG-positive class switched memory B cell that has class switched and expresses IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-negative, IgD-negative, and IgG-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002109 B220-positive CD38-positive naive B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002101 CD38-positive naive B cell A B220-positive CD38-positive naive B cell is a CD38-positive naive B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002110 B220-low CD38-positive naive B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002109 B220-positive CD38-positive naive B cell A B220-low CD38-positive naive B cell is a CD38-positive naive B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002111 CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000970 unswitched memory B cell An CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002112 B220-positive CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002111 CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell A B220-positive CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002113 B220-low CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002112 B220-positive CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell A B220-low CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002114 CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000970 unswitched memory B cell A CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002115 B220-positive CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002114 CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell A B220-positive CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002116 B220-low CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002115 B220-positive CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell A B220-low CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002117 IgG-negative class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000972 class switched memory B cell A class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002118 CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002117 IgG-negative class switched memory B cell A CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-negative and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002119 CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002117 IgG-negative class switched memory B cell A CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is an IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-positive and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002120 CD24-positive CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002118 CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell An CD24-positive CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD24-positive, CD38-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002121 CD24-negative CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002118 CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell A CD24-negative CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD24-negative, CD38-negative, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002122 B220-positive CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002119 CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell A B220-positive CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, and IgG-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002123 B220-low CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002122 B220-positive CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell A B220-low CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002128 Tc17 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000908 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-positive, CCR5-high, CD45RA-negative, and capable of producing IL-17 and some IFNg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002132 stromal cell of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell A stomal cell of the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002134 stromal cell of ovarian medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002132 stromal cell of ovary A stromal cell of the ovarian medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002136 type II cell of adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002097 cortical cell of adrenal gland A cell in the zona fasciculata that produce glucocorticoids, e.g cortisol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002137 type III cell of adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002097 cortical cell of adrenal gland A cell in the zona reticularis that produce sex hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002138 endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002139 endothelial cell of vascular tree A endothelial cell of a lymphatic vessel. The border of the oak leaf-shaped endothelial cell of initial lymphatics are joined by specialized buttons. The discontinuous feature of buttons distinguishes them from zippers in collecting lymphatics, but both types of junctions are composed of proteins typical of adherens junctions and tight junctions found in the endothelium of blood vessels. Buttons seal the sides of flaps of the oak leaf-shaped endothelial cell, leaving open the tips of flaps as routes for fluid entry without disassembly and reformation of intercellular junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002139 endothelial cell of vascular tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell An endothelial cell of the vascular tree, which includes blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002140 acinar cell of sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000448 epithelial cell of sweat gland A sebum secreting cell of the skin that secretes sebum into the hair follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002144 capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell An endothelial cell found in capillaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002145 ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030034 respiratory ciliated cell A ciliated columnar cell found in the trachea and bronchus. Vary from low to tall columnar; possesses up to 300 cilia at its surface, interspersed with long irregular microvilli with the cilia varying in length from about 6um in the trachea to about 4um in the terminal bronchioles; driving force of the ciliary current in the bronchial tree. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002148 dental pulp cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A cell found within the dental pulp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002149 epithelial cell of uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002153 corneocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The dead keratin-filled squamous cell of the stratum corneum. This cell type lacks a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002159 general ecto-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002077 ecto-epithelial cell Epithelial cells derived from general body ectoderm and ectoderm placodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002165 phalangeal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002490 organ of Corti supporting cell A supporting cell that is attached to the basement membrane and forms rows that support the hair cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002166 epithelial cell of Malassez http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal An epithelial cell that remains from the disintegration of the epithelial root sheath involved in the development of teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002167 olfactory epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A specialized cell involved in sensory perception of smell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002169 basal cell of olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell located on the basal lamina of the olfactory epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002170 keratinized cell of the oral mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002336 buccal mucosa cell A keratinized cell located in the hard palate or gingiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002171 globose cell of olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002169 basal cell of olfactory epithelium A rounded or elliptical epithelial cell, with pale-staining open face nucleus and pale cytoplasm rich in free ribosomes and clusters of centrioles; form a distinct basal zone spaced slightly from the basal surface of the epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002172 interdental cell of cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002315 supporting cell of cochlea A long, spindle-shaped supporting cells arranged in parallel rows that secretes components of the tectorial membrane and potassium ions into the endolymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002173 extraglomerular mesangial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A cell that is a specialized type of pericyte providing structural support for the capillary loops of kidney. A flat, elongated cell with extensive fine cytoplasmic processes found outside the kidney glomerulus near the macula densa and bound laterally by afferent and efferent arterioles. Being phagocytic, this cell participates in the continuous turnover of the basal lamina by removing its outer portion containing residues of filtration, while the lamina is renewed on its inner surface by the endothelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002174 follicular cell of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002078 meso-epithelial cell A cell within the follicle of an ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002177 folliculostellate cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A supporting cell of the anterior pituitary gland involved in trophic and catabolic processes; expresses a broad spectrum of cytokeratins indicative of their epithelial nature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002178 epithelial cell of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal An epithelial cell found in the lining of the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002180 mucous cell of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach A mucous cell in the epithelium of the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002182 surface mucosal cell of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002180 mucous cell of stomach A simple columnar cell that populates the entire luminal surface including the gastric pits. This cell types secrete mucus to form a thick protective, lubricant layer over the gastric wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002183 stem cell of gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002180 mucous cell of stomach A stomach epithelial cell that is olumnar in form with a few short apical microvilli; relatively undifferentiated mitotic cell from which other types of gland are derived; few in number, situated in the isthmus region of the gland and base of the gastric pit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002184 basal proper cell of olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002169 basal cell of olfactory epithelium A flat or angular epithelial cell with condensed nuclei and darkly staining cytoplasm containing numerous intermediate filaments inserted into desmosomes contacting surrounding supporting cells; lie in contact with the basal lamina of olfactory epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002187 basal cell of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A basally situated, mitotically active, columnar-shaped keratinocyte attached to the basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002188 glomerular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000746 glomerular cell An endothelial cell found in the glomerulus of the kidney. This cell is flattened, highly fenestrated, and plays a vital role in the formation of glomerular ultrafiltrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002191 granulocytopoietic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000839 myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell A cell involved in the formation of a granulocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002194 monopoietic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000839 myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell A cell involved in the formation of a monocyte (monopoiesis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002195 hepatic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A stem cell that can give rise to the cells of the liver. The term usually refers to the self-renewing pool of hepatocyte precursors in the adult liver (differently from 'hepatoblast', often used for fetal precursors of hepatocytes). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002196 hepatic oval stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A transient hepatic stem cell observed after liver injury with a high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio that can differentiate into mature hepatocytes and bile duct cells. Arises from more than one tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002198 oncocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell A large epithelial cell with an extremely acidophilic and granular cytoplasm, containing vast numbers of mitochondria; such cells may undergo neoplastic transformation. From the Greek word onkos meaning swelling, this cell type is found in parathyroid, salivary and thyroid glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002199 oxyphil cell of parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002260 epithelial cell of parathyroid gland An oncocyte located in the parathyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002200 oxyphil cell of thyroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002257 epithelial cell of thyroid gland An oncocyte located in the thyroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002202 epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002632 epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract An epithelial cell of the tracheobronchial tree. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002203 brush cell of epithelium proper of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002253 epithelial cell of large intestine Brush cell found in the epithelial layer of the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002204 brush cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell A cell type found in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts that is characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (120-140 per cell). Function of this cell type is not known. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002206 brush cell of terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002075 brush cell of trachebronchial tree A brush cell of the epithelium in the terminal bronchiole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002207 brush cell of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002075 brush cell of trachebronchial tree Brush cell of the epithelium in the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002208 brush cell of bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002328 bronchial epithelial cell A brush cell found in the epithelium of bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002209 intermediate epitheliocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002202 epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree An epithelial cell present in the trachea and bronchi; columnar in shape; generally lack cilia; immature forms of ciliated or secretory cells which have been formed from stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002218 immature dendritic epithelial T cell precursor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002404 fetal thymocyte A double negative thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that has as part a Vgamma3 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus with highest numbers occurring at E17-E18. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002220 interstitial cell of pineal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A cell located between the pinealocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002222 vertebrate lens cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A cell comprising the transparent, biconvex body separating the posterior chamber and vitreous body, and constituting part of the refracting mechanism of the mammalian eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002224 lens epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002222 vertebrate lens cell A cell of the cuboidal epithelium that covers the lens. The cells of the lens epithelium regulate most of the homeostatic functions of the lens. As ions, nutrients, and liquid enter the lens from the aqueous humor, Na+/K+ ATPase pumps in the lens epithelial cells pump ions out of the lens to maintain appropriate lens osmolarity and volume, with equatorially positioned lens epithelium cells contributing most to this current. The activity of the Na+/K+ ATPases keeps water and current flowing through the lens from the poles and exiting through the equatorial regions. The cells of the lens epithelium also serve as the progenitors for new lens fibers. It constantly lays down fibers in the embryo, fetus, infant, and adult, and continues to lay down fibers for lifelong growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002231 epithelial cell of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the prostate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002232 epithelial cell of prostatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002231 epithelial cell of prostate An epithelial cell of prostatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002236 basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002341 basal cell of prostate epithelium A cell that constitutes the basal layer of epithelium in the prostatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002240 marrow fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002092 bone marrow cell A fibroblast in the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002241 pulmonary interstitial fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A fibroblasts found in interstitial spaces in the pulmonary tract. Greater numbers of these cells are found in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell containing at least one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002243 smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A circular smooth muscle cell of the iris, innervated by the ciliary nerves (parasympathetic), and acting to contract the pupil. This muscle cell derives from neuroectoderm. This smooth muscle cell results from transformation of epithelial cells to smooth muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002246 peripheral blood stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A hematopoeitic stem cell found in the blood. Normally found in very limited numbers in the peripheral circulation (less than 0.1% of all nucleated cells). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002250 intestinal crypt stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell A cell that is found in a zone occupying the bottom region of the crypt; provide the source of most of the cell types of the intestinal epithelium; proliferate by mitotic division; differentiates into columnar or goblet cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the musculomembranous digestive tube extending from the mouth to the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002252 epithelial cell of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal An epithelial cell of the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002253 epithelial cell of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002254 epithelial cell of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002255 stromal cell of endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell A stromal cell of the endometrium that is fibroblastic in appearance. During decidualization this cell may differentiate into a decidual stromal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002256 supporting cell of carotid body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A supportive cell that has characteristics of glial cell. Processes of this cell envelope the junctions between glomus cells and nerve endings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002257 epithelial cell of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell An epithelial cell of thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002258 thyroid follicular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002257 epithelial cell of thyroid gland A cell type that varies from squamous to columnar, depending on their activity with microvillus directed luminally. This cell produces and secretes thyroid hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002260 epithelial cell of parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001593 parathyroid glandular cell An epithelial cell of the parathyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002261 endothelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell An endothelial cell found in the mucosa associated with the facial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002262 endothelial cell of sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell An endothelial cell that lines any of the venous cavities through which blood passes in various glands and organs such as the spleen and liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002264 type A cell of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach A type of enteroendocrine cell found in the stomach that secretes glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002265 type D cell of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009042 enteroendocrine cell of colon A D cell located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002266 type D cell of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009006 enteroendocrine cell of small intestine A type D cell of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002267 type D cell of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach A type D cell found in the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002274 histamine secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000457 biogenic amine secreting cell A cell type that secretes histamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002275 pancreatic PP cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008024 pancreatic endocrine cell A PP cell located in the islets of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002292 type I cell of carotid body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell A round or oval neuroepithelial cell that contacts other type I cells or capillaries. They occur in clusters that are surrounded by sheath cells (type-II cells) in the carotid body. This cell type is capable of secreting a number of neurotransmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002293 epithelial cell of thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the thymus. Epithelial reticular cells are pleomorphic, stellate, non-phagocytic cells which seem to be supportive in function and are held together by desmosomes. They replace the fibroblastoid reticular cells found in other lymphoid organs. Other epithelial cells in the medulla have the ultrastructure of secretory cells. Although different epithelial cells throughout the thymus appear alike by light microscopy their ultrastructure and function varies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002294 type-1 epithelial cell of thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002364 cortical thymic epithelial cell An epithelial cell with a well defined Golgi apparatus that makes up the continuous layer of cells bordering the thymic tissue beneath the capsule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002301 type B synovial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell A resident stromal cell located in the synovial membrane and responsible for the production of immune-related cytokines and chemokines. This cell type secretes glycoproteins and hyaluronic acid, has abundant granular endoplasmic reticulum, but contains fewer vacuoles and vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002303 pigmented ciliary epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000529 pigmented epithelial cell A cell that is part of pigmented ciliary epithelium. This cell type uptakes sodium and chloride ions from stromal interstitium and passes the ions to non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells via gap junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002305 epithelial cell of distal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000615 kidney cortex tubule cell An epithelial cell of the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney that helps regulate systemic levels of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002306 epithelial cell of proximal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000615 kidney cortex tubule cell An epithelial cell of the proximal tubule of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002308 epithelial cell of skin gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002159 general ecto-epithelial cell An epithelial cell of a skin gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002309 corticotroph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000639 basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis A basophil chromphil cell of the anterior pitiutary gland that produce adrenocorticotropic hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone and lipotropin. This cell type is irregular in shape and has short dendritic processes which are inserted among other neighboring cells; http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002312 somatotroph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000638 acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002313 endocrine-paracrine cell of prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000078 mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure An ecto-epithelial cell of the prostate gland that secretes hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002315 supporting cell of cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005014 auditory epithelial supporting cell An epithelial supporting cell located in the cochlea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002316 supporting cell of vestibular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005014 auditory epithelial supporting cell A supporting cell of the vestibular epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that is part of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell of the supporting or framework tissue of the body, arising chiefly from the embryonic mesoderm and including adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002321 embryonic cell (metazoa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002324 myoepithelial cell of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002327 mammary gland epithelial cell A myoepithelial cell that surrounds milk-secreting luminal epithelial cells. This cell type contracts under the stimulation of oxytocin and is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes and to the adjacent luminal cells by desmosomes. This cell type expresses high level of keratin-14 and is estrogen receptor alpha negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002325 lactocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001586 mammary gland glandular cell A milk-producing glandular epithelial cell that is part of a mammary gland alveolus and differentiates from a luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell during secretory differentiation (also termed lactogenesis I). Following secretory activation (also termed lactogenesis II), a lactocyte is involved in the synthesis and/or transport of milk constituents including proteins, oligosaccharides, lactose, micronutrients, fat, hormones, immunoglobulins, and cytokines into the lumen of the lactating mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002326 luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002327 mammary gland epithelial cell A mammary epithelial cell that occurs in the lumen of the ductal and alveoli structure in the breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002327 mammary gland epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002328 bronchial epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002202 epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree An epithelial cell of the bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002329 basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002202 epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree An epithelial cell type that lacks the columnar shape typical for other respiratory epithelial cells. This cell type is able to differentiate into other respiratory epithelial cells in response to injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002332 ciliated cell of the bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002328 bronchial epithelial cell A ciliated cell of the bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002333 neural crest derived adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure An adipocyte derived from a neural crest cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002334 preadipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast An undifferentiated fibroblast that can be stimulated to form a fat cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002335 brown preadipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002334 preadipocyte A preadipocyte that is capable of differentiating into a brown adipocyte. This cell type expresses uncoupling protein-1, PPAR-gamma, PR-domain-containing 16; and PGC-1alpha (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) coactivator-1alpha). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002336 buccal mucosa cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002261 endothelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa An endothelial cell that lines the oral cavitiy including the mucosa of the gums, the palate, the lip, and the cheek. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002339 prostate stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002341 basal cell of prostate epithelium A prostate epithelial cell that is CD133-positive, CD44-positive, integrin A2beta3-high. This cell is a stem cell for the prostate epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002341 basal cell of prostate epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002231 epithelial cell of prostate An undifferentiated cell of the prostate epithelium that lacks secretory activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002343 decidual natural killer cell, human http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000824 mature natural killer cell A natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidual of the uterus and is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative. This cell type represents the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002350 endocardial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010008 cardiac endothelial cell An endothelial cell that lines the intracavitary lumen of the heart, separating the circulating blood from the underlying myocardium. This cell type releases a number of vasoactive substances including prostacyclin, nitrous oxide and endothelin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002351 progenitor cell of endocrine pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell that is able to differentiate into the pancreas alpha, beta and delta endocrine cells. This cell type expresses neurogenin-3 and Isl-1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002352 gestational hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000037 hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem cell that exists during embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002353 fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A hematopoietic stem cell that resides in the fetal liver. In mice, this cell type is first observed at E10.5. This cell type is MHC-positive, HSA-positive, AA4.1-positive, CD45-positive, Sca-1 positive, CD150-positive, CD48-negative and CD244-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002354 yolk sac hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002352 gestational hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem found in the yolk sac. In mice, this cell type is Sca-1-negative, CD45-negative, MHC-negative, HSA-positive, AA4.1-positive, CD44-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002355 primitive red blood cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002417 primitive erythroid lineage cell A large nucleated basophilic erythrocyte found in mammalian embryos. This cell type arises from the blood islands of yolk sacs and expresses different types of hemoglobins (beta-H1, gamma-1 and zeta) than adult erythrocytes. Considered a type of erythroblast as this cell type can enucleate in circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002357 fetal derived definitive erythrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000595 enucleate erythrocyte A fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocyte. This erythrocyte resembles adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemaglobins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002359 placental hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A hematopoietic stem cell of the placenta. This cell type is first observed E10.5 This cell type may give rise to fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002361 primitive erythroid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002417 primitive erythroid lineage cell A progenitor cell that is capable of forming colonies of primitive erythrocytes in the blood island of the yolk sac. First arrive at E7.5 in mouse and expresses CD41. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002362 cerebellar granule cell precursor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A cell located in the outermost proliferative zone of the external germinal layer that can differentiate into astroglial cells and granule cells. This cell type is glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and HNK1-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002363 keratocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A keratocyte is a specialized fibroblast residing in the cornea stroma that has a flattened, dendritic morphology; located between the lamellae with a large flattened nucleus, and lengthy processes which communicate with neighboring cells. This corneal layer, representing about 85-90% of corneal thickness, is built up from highly regular collagenous lamellae and extracellular matrix components. Keratocytes play the major role in keeping it transparent, healing its wounds, and synthesizing its components. This cell type secretes collagen I, V, VI, and keratan sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002364 cortical thymic epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002293 epithelial cell of thymus An epithelial cell of the cortical portion of the thymus. Epithelial cells in this region are required for positive selection of CD8-positive T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002365 medullary thymic epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002293 epithelial cell of thymus An epithelial cell of the medullary thymus. This cell type expresses a diverse range of tissue-specific antigens. This promiscuous gene expression is a cell-autonomous property of medullary epithelial cells and is maintained during the entire period of thymic T cell output. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002366 myometrial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002601 uterine smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the myometrium that enlarges and stretches during pregnancy, and contracts in response to oxytocin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002367 trabecular meshwork cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A cell that lines the trabecular meshwork, which is an area of tissue in the eye located around the base of the cornea, near the ciliary body, and is responsible for draining the aqueous humor from the eye via the anterior chamber (the chamber on the front of the eye covered by the cornea). This cell may play a role in regulating intraocular pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002368 respiratory epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002076 endo-epithelial cell An endo-epithelial cell of the respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002370 respiratory goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A simple columnar epithelial cell that secretes mucin. Rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, the nucleus, and other organelles are concentrated in the basal portion. The apical plasma membrane projects microvilli to increase surface area for secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002372 myotube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000737 striated muscle cell A transversely striated, synctial muscle cell, formed by the fusion of myoblasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002374 ear hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000855 sensory hair cell A hair cell of the ear that contains the organs of balance and hearing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002375 Schwann cell precursor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A giioblast cell that develops from a migratory neural crest cell. The SCP is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has no basal lamina. In rodents SCPs are the only cells in the Schwann cell linage that expresses Cdh19. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002377 immature Schwann cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A glial cell that develops from a Schwann cell precursor. The immature Schwann cell is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has a basal lamina. Cells can survive without an axon present. Immature Schwann cell can be found communally ensheathing large groups of axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002393 intermediate monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 monocyte A monocyte that has characteristics of both patrolling and inflammatory monocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002395 Gr1-high classical monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001022 CD115-positive monocyte A resident monocyte that is Gr-1 high, CD43-negative, CX3CR1-negative, CD115-positive, and B220-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002397 CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001054 CD14-positive monocyte A CD14-positive monocyte that is also CD16-positive and CCR2-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002398 Gr1-positive, CD43-positive monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002393 intermediate monocyte An intermediate monocyte that is Gr1-positive, CD43-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002400 fraction B/C precursor B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000817 precursor B cell A precursor B cell that is AA4-positive, IgM-negative, CD19-positive, CD43-positive and HSA-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002401 mature dendritic epithelial T cell precursor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002404 fetal thymocyte A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that has as part a Vgamma3 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus with highest numbers occurring at E17-E18. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002402 Peyer's patch B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009014 Peyer's patch lymphocyte A resting mature B cell within the Peyer's patch that is CD19-positive, B220-positive, IgM-positive, AA4-negative, CD23-positive, CD43-negative, and CD5-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002404 fetal thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000893 thymocyte A thymocyte found in the fetal thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002417 primitive erythroid lineage cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000764 erythroid lineage cell An immature or mature cell of the first erythroid lineage to arise during embryonic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002418 hemangioblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000222 mesodermal cell A pluripotent cell in the yolk sac that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell that expresses a T cell receptor complex and has completed T cell selection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002420 immature T cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell that has not completed T cell selection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002421 nucleated reticulocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell A reticulocyte that retains the nucleus and other organelles. Found in birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002422 enucleated reticulocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000558 reticulocyte A reticulocyte lacking a nucleus and showing a basophilic reticulum under vital staining due to the presence of ribosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002425 early T lineage precursor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000827 pro-T cell A pro-T cell that is lin-negative, CD25-negative, CD127-negative, CD44-positive and kit-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002427 resting double-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000809 double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte that is small and not proliferating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002428 double-positive blast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000809 double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A double-positive thymocyte that is large (i.e. has a high forward scatter signal in flow cytometry) and is actively proliferating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002429 CD69-positive double-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000809 double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A double-positive thymocyte that is CD69-positive and has begun positive selection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002430 CD4-intermediate, CD8-positive double-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000809 double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A double-positive thymocyte that is undergoing positive selection, has high expression of the alpha-beta T cell receptor, is CD69-positive, and is in the process of down regulating the CD4 co-receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002431 CD4-positive, CD8-intermediate double-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000809 double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A double-positive thymocyte that is undergoing positive selection, has high expression of the alpha-beta T cell receptor, is CD69-positive, and is in the process of down regulating the CD8 co-receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002432 CD24-positive, CD4 single-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000810 CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A CD4-positive, CD8-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive and expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002433 CD69-positive, CD4-positive single-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000810 CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A CD4-positive, CD8-negative thymocyte that expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor and is CD69-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002434 CD24-positive, CD8 single-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000811 CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A CD8-positive, CD4-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive and expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002435 CD69-positive, CD8-positive single-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000811 CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte A CD8-positive, CD4-negative thymocyte that expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor and is CD69-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002436 mature CD4 single-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000624 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell A mature CD4-positive, CD8-negative alpha-beta T cell found in the thymus that is CD24-low and has high expression of the T cell receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002437 mature CD8 single-positive thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000625 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell A mature CD8-positive, CD4-negative alpha-beta T cell found in the thymus that is CD24-low and has high expression of the T cell receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002453 oligodendrocyte precursor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell of the central nervous system that can differentiate into oligodendrocytes or type-2 astrocytes. This cell originates from multiple structures within the developing brain including the medial ganglion eminence and the lateral ganglionic eminence. These cells migrate throughout the central nervous system and persist into adulthood where they play an important role in remyelination of injured neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002454 Cd4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative, CD11b-positive dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002465 CD11b-positive dendritic cell Cd4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative, CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative and is CD205-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002457 epidermal Langerhans cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002465 CD11b-positive dendritic cell A Langerhans cell that is in the epidermis and is CD45-positive, MHCII-positive, and CD11b-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002460 CD8alpha-negative thymic conventional dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000941 thymic conventional dendritic cell A conventional thymic dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002465 CD11b-positive dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 conventional dendritic cell A conventional dendritic cell that expresses CD11b (ITGAM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002467 Gr1-high myeloid suppressor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000889 myeloid suppressor cell A myeloid suppressor cell that is Gr1-high and CD11c-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002468 Gr1-low myeloid suppressor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000889 myeloid suppressor cell A myeloid suppressor cell that is Gr1-low and CD11c-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002469 MHC-II-negative classical monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002395 Gr1-high classical monocyte Gr1-high monocyte that lacks MHC-II receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002470 MHC-II-positive classical monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002395 Gr1-high classical monocyte Gr1-high monocyte that has a MHC-II receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002480 nasal mucosa goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A goblet cell located in the nasal epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002481 peritubular myoid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002625 seminiferous tubule epithelial cell The flattened smooth myoepithelial cells of mesodermal origin that lie just outside the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002482 dermal melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000458 melanocyte of skin A melanocyte that produces pigment in the dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002483 hair follicle melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000000 epidermal melanocyte A melanocyte that produces pigment within the hair follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002484 epithelial melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000148 melanocyte A melanocyte that produces pigment in the epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002485 retinal melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009004 retinal cell A melanocyte of the retina. This cell type is distinct from pigmented retinal epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002486 strial intermediate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002491 auditory epithelial cell A melanocyte located between the epithelial marginal cell layer and the mesodermal basal cell layer within the intrastrial space; the predominant cellular component of the electrogenic machinery that generates an endocochlear potential (80-100 mV) . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002487 cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000199 mechanoreceptor cell A neuronal receptor that respond to mechanical pressure or distortion in the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002488 trophoblast giant cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000351 trophoblast cell A trophoblast cell that has a large volume of cytoplasm, is polyploid and is usually mononuclear but is also occasionally multi-nucleate. This cell type is important in establishing maternal physiology and remodeling of the vasculature of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002489 double negative thymocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000893 thymocyte A thymocyte that lacks expression of CD4 and CD8. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002490 organ of Corti supporting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002315 supporting cell of cochlea A supporting cell of the organ of Corti. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002491 auditory epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000098 sensory epithelial cell A specialized cell involved in auditory sensory perception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002492 strial marginal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002491 auditory epithelial cell A polarized columnar cell that covesr the lateral surface of the cochlear duct, secretes potassium ions and forms a continuous sheet in contact with the endolymph; marginal cells form extensive interdigitations with the basal and intermediate cells in the normal adult stria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002494 cardiocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell located in the heart, including both muscle and non muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002495 fetal cardiomyocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000746 cardiac muscle cell A fetal and neonatal heart cell that undergoes proliferation and is not yet terminally differentiated into a binucleate or a multinucleate cardiac myocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002496 intraepithelial lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002419 mature T cell A T cell that is located in the intestinal epithelium and is capable of a mucosal immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002499 spongiotrophoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A trophoblast cell that arises in the junctional zone (basal plate) of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002503 adventitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell A cell of the adventitial layer of ductal structures such as the uterer, defent duct, biliary duct, etc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002504 enteric smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000192 smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002507 langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 conventional dendritic cell A dermal dendritic cell isolated from skin draining lymph nodes that is langerin-positive, MHC-II-positive, and CD4-negative and CD8a-negative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002518 kidney epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell An epithelial cell of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002521 subcutaneous adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An adipocyte that is part of subcutaneous adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002522 renal filtration cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000424 excretory cell A renal filtration cell is a specialized cell of the renal system that filter fluids by charge, size or both. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002523 mesonephric podocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000653 podocyte A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002525 metanephric podocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000653 podocyte A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002535 epithelial cell of cervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the cervix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002536 epithelial cell of amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of the amnion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002537 amnion mesenchymal stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mesenchymal stem cell of the amnion membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002538 intrahepatic cholangiocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000488 cholangiocyte An epithelial cell of the intrahepatic portion of the bile duct. These cells are flattened or cuboidal in shape, and have a small nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio relative to large/extrahepatic cholangiocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002539 aortic smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002540 mesenchymal stem cell of the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002092 bone marrow cell A mesenchymal stem cell that is part of the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002541 chorionic membrane mesenchymal stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mesenchymal stem cell of the chorionic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002543 vein endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000071 blood vessel endothelial cell An endothelial cell that is part of the vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002546 embryonic blood vessel endothelial progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000222 mesodermal cell An endothelial progenitor cell that participates in angiogenesis during development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002547 fibroblast of the aortic adventitia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000306 fibroblast of tunica adventitia of artery A fibroblast of the aortic adventitia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002548 fibroblast of cardiac tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A fibroblast that is part of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002549 fibroblast of choroid plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A fibroblast that is part of the choroid plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002550 fibroblast of the conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A fibroblast that is part of the conjuctiva of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002553 fibroblast of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A fibroblast that is part of lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002554 fibroblast of lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A fibroblast of the lymphatic system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002555 fibroblast of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A fibroblast that is part of the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002556 fibroblast of periodontium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A fibroblast of the periodontium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002557 fibroblast of pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A fibroblast of pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002559 hair follicle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An animal cell that is part of a hair follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002560 inner root sheath cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002559 hair follicle cell An epithelial cell that resides in the inner root sheath of the hair follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002561 outer root sheath cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002559 hair follicle cell An epithelial cell that is part of the outer root sheath. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002562 hair germinal matrix cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002559 hair follicle cell An epidermal cell that is part of the germinal matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal An epithelial cell of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002564 nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A connective tissue cell of the nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002569 mesenchymal stem cell of umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mesenchymal stem cell of the umbilical cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002570 mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000134 mesenchymal stem cell A mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002571 hepatic mesenchymal stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002195 hepatic stem cell A mesenchymal stem cell of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002572 vertebral mesenchymal stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001035 bone cell A mesenchymal stem cell of the vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002573 Schwann cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell A glial cell that myelinates or ensheathes axons in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002574 stromal cell of pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell A stromal cell of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002575 central nervous system pericyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A pericyte of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002577 placental epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002578 mesenteric preadipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A preadipocyte found in mesenteric tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002580 preadipocyte of the breast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4006000 fibroblast of breast A preadipocyte that is part of the breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002584 renal cortical epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002681 kidney cortical cell An epithelial cell of the kidney cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002585 retinal blood vessel endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002586 retinal pigment epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest An epithelial cell of the retinal pigmented epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002588 smooth muscle cell of the umbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the umbilical vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002589 smooth muscle cell of the brachiocephalic vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the bachiocephalic vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002590 smooth muscle cell of the brain vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A vascular associated smooth muscle cell of the brain vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002591 smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle of the pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002592 smooth muscle cell of the coronary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the coronary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002593 smooth muscle cell of the internal thoracic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002595 smooth muscle cell of the subclavian artery A smooth muscle of the internal thoracic artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002594 smooth muscle cell of the umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the umbilical artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002595 smooth muscle cell of the subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the subclavian artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002596 smooth muscle cell of the carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell Smooth muscle cell of the carotid artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002597 smooth muscle cell of bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001319 bladder cell A smooth muscle cell of the bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002599 smooth muscle cell of the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000192 smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002600 smooth muscle cell of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019019 tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002601 uterine smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000192 smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002603 astrocyte of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000005 brain macroglial cell An astrocyte of the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002604 hippocampal astrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001580 hippocampal glial cell An astrocyte that is part of the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002605 astrocyte of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001579 cerebral cortex glial cell An astrocyte of the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002606 astrocyte of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000127 astrocyte An astrocyte of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002607 migratory enteric neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000333 migratory neural crest cell A neural crest cell that gives rise to cells of the enteric nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002608 hippocampal neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010012 cerebral cortex neuron A neuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002610 raphe nuclei neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A neuron of the raphe nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002611 neuron of the dorsal spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A CNS neuron of the dorsal spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002612 neuron of the ventral spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A neuron of the ventral spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002613 striatum neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0012001 neuron of the forebrain A neuron of the striatum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002614 neuron of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A neuron of the substantia nigra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002615 adipocyte of omentum tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An adipocyte that is part of omentum tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002617 adipocyte of breast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000136 adipocyte An adipocyte that is part of the breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002618 endothelial cell of umbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002543 vein endothelial cell An endothelial cell of the umbilical vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A fibroblast of skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002622 prostate stromal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A stromal cell of the prostate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002623 acinar cell of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001596 salivary gland glandular cell An acinar cell of salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002625 seminiferous tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000077 mesothelial cell A cell of the seminiferous tubule epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002633 respiratory basal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002368 respiratory epithelial cell A basal cell in the respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002634 epithelial cell of anal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell of the anal column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002637 keratinized epithelial cell of the anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009066 stratified squamous epithelial cell of anal canal An epithelial cell of the anal canal that is keratinized. This cell type is found towards the lower, rectal end of the anal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002638 bronchioalveolar stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000351 basal cell of epithelium of respiratory bronchiole A respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole. This cell types gives rise to alveolar cell types and club cells in response to lung injury. This cell type expresses markers Scgb1a1 and Sftpc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002656 glandular cell of endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001591 oviduct glandular cell A glandular epithelial cell of the endometrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002657 glandular cell of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002252 epithelial cell of esophagus A glandular epithelial cell of the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002658 glandular cell of the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002253 epithelial cell of large intestine A glandular epithelial cell of the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002178 epithelial cell of stomach A glandular epithelial cell that is part of the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002663 myocardial endocrine cell of atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002074 myocardial endocrine cell A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002664 cardioblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000048 multi fate stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to multiple cell types (i.e. smooth muscle, endothelial) in the developing heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002665 otic fibrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A fibrocyte of the cochlea that has specialized structural and molecular adaptions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002666 type 2 otic fibrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002665 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that underlies the spiral prominence and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002668 type 4 otic fibrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002665 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that is lateral to the basilar membrane and anchoris it to the lateral wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002669 type 3 otic fibrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002665 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that lines the otic capsule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002670 type 1 otic fibrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002665 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that underlies the stria vascularis and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002672 retinal progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A multi-fate stem cell that can give rise to different retinal cell types including rod and cone cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002673 tongue muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008002 skeletal muscle fiber A skeletal muscle cell that is part of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002676 neural crest derived neuroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A neuroblast derived from a neural crest cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002680 PP cell of intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001516 intestinal enteroendocrine cell A PP cell found in intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002681 kidney cortical cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell A cell that is part of a cortex of kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005000 spinal cord interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000402 CNS interneuron A CNS interneuron located in the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005006 ionocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell Specialized epithelial cells involved in the maintenance of osmotic homeostasis. They are characterized by abundant mitochondria and ion transporters. In amniotes, they are present in the renal system. In freshwater fish, ionocytes in the skin and gills help maintain osmotic homeostasis by absorbing salt from the external environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005008 macular hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An auditory hair cell located in the macula that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005009 renal principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002518 kidney epithelial cell A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which regulates sodium and potassium balance. The activity of sodium and potassium channels on the apical membrane of the cell is regulated by aldosterone and vasopressin. In mammals this cell type is located in the renal collecting duct system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005010 renal intercalated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000449 epithelial cell of nephron A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney that regulates acid/base balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005012 multi-ciliated epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000067 ciliated epithelial cell A ciliated epithelial cell with many cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005014 auditory epithelial supporting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002491 auditory epithelial cell A non-sensory cell that extends from the basement membrane to the apical surface of the auditory epithelium and provides support for auditory hair cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005018 ghrelin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell A cell that secretes ghrelin, the peptide hormone that stimulates hunger. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005019 pancreatic epsilon cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008024 pancreatic endocrine cell Ghrelin secreting cells found in the endocrine pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005020 lymphangioblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033054 perivascular cell Lymphatic progenitor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005022 vascular lymphangioblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005020 lymphangioblast Lymphatic progenitor cells, derived from the veins, that give rise to lymphatic endothelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005024 somatomotor neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000108 cholinergic neuron A motor neuron that innervates a skeletal muscle. These motor neurons are all excitatory and cholinergic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005026 hepatoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000048 multi fate stem cell Multi fate stem cell that gives rise to both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes as descendants. The term often refers to fetal precursors of hepatocytes (differently from 'hepatic stem cell', usually applied to the self-renewing pool of hepatocyte precursors in the adult liver). Hepatoblasts may also be endogenous, as some stem cells found in the liver come from the bone marrow via blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007000 preameloblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. Located in the inner enamel epithelium, these cells elongate, their nuclei shift distally (away from the dental papilla), and their cytoplasm becomes filled with organelles needed for synthesis and secretion of enamel proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007001 skeletogenic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g. cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007002 precementoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a cementoblast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007003 preodontoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a cranial neural crest cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007004 premigratory neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011012 neural crest cell Cell that is part of the neural crest region of the neuroepithelium, prior to migration. Note that not all premigratory neural crest cells may become migratory neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007009 prechondroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000055 non-terminally differentiated cell Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007010 preosteoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to transform into an osteoblast, and develops from neural crest or mesodermal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0007011 enteric neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000107 autonomic neuron Neuron that is part of the enteric nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008000 non-striated muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000187 muscle cell Any muscle cell in which the fibers are not organised into sarcomeres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008001 hematopoietic precursor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000988 hematopoietic cell Any hematopoietic cell that is a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008002 skeletal muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002372 myotube A transversely striated, synctial cell of skeletal muscle. It is formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008007 visceral muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000187 muscle cell A muscle cell that is part of some visceral muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008008 striated visceral muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008007 visceral muscle cell A visceral muscle cell that is striated. Examples include the visceral muscle cells of arhtropods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008009 transversely striated visceral muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008008 striated visceral muscle cell A visceral muscle that is transversely striated. Examples include the visceral muscle cells of arthropods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009000 sensory neuron of spinal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_3000004 peripheral sensory neuron A sensory neuron of the spinal nerve that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009001 compound eye retinal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009004 retinal cell Any cell in the compound eye, a light sensing organ composed of ommatidia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009004 retinal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell Any cell in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010001 stromal cell of bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002092 bone marrow cell A stromal cell that is part_of a bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010002 epithelial cell of umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part_of a umbilical artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010003 epithelial cell of alveolus of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000082 epithelial cell of lung An epithelial cell that is part_of a alveolus of lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010004 mononuclear cell of bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001610 bone marrow hematopoietic cell A mononuclear cell that is part_of a bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010005 atrioventricular bundle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010007 His-Purkinje system cell A specialized cardiomyocyte that transmit signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010011 cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011005 GABAergic interneuron A GABAergic interneuron whose soma is located in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010012 cerebral cortex neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A CNS neuron of the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010022 cardiac neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that has its soma in the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011000 dorsal horn interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005000 spinal cord interneuron A CNS interneuron located in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011001 spinal cord motor neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A motor neuron that passes from the spinal cord toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011003 magnocellular neurosecretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A neurosecretory neuron residing mainly in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and in a number of smaller accessory cell groups between these two nuclei, that is capable of secreting the hormones oxytocin or vasopressin, and sometimes both, into the systemic circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011004 lens fiber cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002222 vertebrate lens cell A vetebrate lens cell that is any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011005 GABAergic interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000617 GABAergic neuron An interneuron that uses GABA as a vesicular neurotransmitter. These interneurons are inhibitory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011101 chorionic trophoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Cells of the uterine chorion that acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize chorionic trophoblasts. These cells will migrate towards the spongiotrophoblast layer and give rise to syncytiotrophoblasts of the labyrinthine layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011108 colon epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002253 epithelial cell of large intestine Epithelial cell that is part of the colon epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011113 spiral ganglion neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron Neuron found in the spiral ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0012000 astrocyte of the forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000005 brain macroglial cell An astrocyte of the forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0012001 neuron of the forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A CNS neuron of the forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000147 cardiac valve cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A cell that is part of a cardiac valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000191 pillar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002490 organ of Corti supporting cell A rod-like cell in the inner ear, having their heads joined and their bases on the basilar membrane widely separated so as to form a spiral tunnel known as the tunnel of Corti. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000223 lung neuroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000272 lung secretory cell A neuroendocrine cell that is part of respiratory epithelium of the lung and is involved in the sensory detection of environmental stimuli, including hypoxia, nicotine and air pressure. Ultrastructurally, this cell type is characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic dense core granules, which are considered the storage sites of amine and peptide hormones. Lung neuroendocrine cells are innervated and appear as solitary cells or as clustered masses, localized at airway bifurcation sites, called neuroepithelial bodies that can release serotonin in response to hypoxia and interact with sensory nerve terminals. Lung neuroendocrine cells also function as reserve stem cells that repair the surrounding epithelium after injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000275 smooth muscle cell of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002504 enteric smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000276 smooth muscle fiber of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000275 smooth muscle cell of small intestine A smooth muscle cell that is part of the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000277 smooth muscle fiber of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000275 smooth muscle cell of small intestine A smooth muscle cell that is part of the jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000278 smooth muscle fiber of ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000275 smooth muscle cell of small intestine A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000279 smooth muscle cell of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002504 enteric smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000280 smooth muscle cell of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000279 smooth muscle cell of large intestine A smooth muscle cell that is part of the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000281 smooth muscle cell of cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000280 smooth muscle cell of colon A smooth muscle cell that is part of the cecum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000282 smooth muscle fiber of ascending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000280 smooth muscle cell of colon A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ascending colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000283 smooth muscle fiber of transverse colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000280 smooth muscle cell of colon A smooth muscle cell that is part of the transverse colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000284 smooth muscle fiber of descending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000280 smooth muscle cell of colon A smooth muscle cell that is part of the descending colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000285 smooth muscle cell of sigmoid colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000280 smooth muscle cell of colon A smooth muscle cell that is part of the sigmoid colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000286 smooth muscle cell of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000279 smooth muscle cell of large intestine A smooth muscle cell that is part of the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000296 epithelial cell of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001320 urethra cell An epithelial cell that is part of the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000298 mesothelial cell of dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mesothelial cell that is part of the dura mater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000302 fibroblast of papillary layer of dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002551 fibroblast of dermis A fibroblast that is part of the papillary layer of dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000303 fibroblast of areolar connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A fibroblast that is part of the areolar connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000306 fibroblast of tunica adventitia of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A fibroblast that is part of the tunica adventitia of artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000307 fibroblast of dense regular elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A fibroblast that is part of the dense regular elastic tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000308 fibrocyte of adventitia of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000708 ureter adventitial cell A fibrocyte that is part of the adventitia of ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000309 epicardial adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000310 adipocyte of epicardial fat of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000309 epicardial adipocyte An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat of right ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000311 adipocyte of epicardial fat of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000309 epicardial adipocyte An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat of left ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000312 bronchial goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019003 tracheobronchial goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000313 gastric goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002180 mucous cell of stomach A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000314 gastric cardiac gland goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000313 gastric goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of gastric cardiac gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000317 intestinal villus goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000495 small intestine goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of intestinal villus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000320 large intestine goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002658 glandular cell of the large intestine A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000321 large intestine crypt goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000320 large intestine goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000322 pancreatic goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of pancreatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000323 pyloric gastric gland goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000313 gastric goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of pyloric gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000324 duodenal goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001589 duodenum glandular cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000325 jejunal goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000317 intestinal villus goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000326 ileal goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000317 intestinal villus goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000329 tracheal goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019003 tracheobronchial goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000330 serous cell of epithelium of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019001 tracheobronchial serous cell A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000331 serous cell of epithelium of bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019001 tracheobronchial serous cell A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000332 serous cell of epithelium of terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019001 tracheobronchial serous cell A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of terminal bronchiole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000350 basal cell of epithelium of terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002633 respiratory basal cell A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of terminal bronchiole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000351 basal cell of epithelium of respiratory bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002633 respiratory basal cell A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of respiratory bronchiole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000361 transitional myocyte of interatrial septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000022 cardiac septum cell A transitional myocyte that is part of the interatrial septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000362 transitional myocyte of interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000022 cardiac septum cell A transitional myocyte that is part of the interventricular septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000370 transitional myocyte of left branch of atrioventricular bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000481 transitional myocyte of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the left branch of atrioventricular bundle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000371 transitional myocyte of right branch of atrioventricular bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000481 transitional myocyte of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the right branch of atrioventricular bundle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000376 Purkinje myocyte of interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000022 cardiac septum cell A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the interventricular septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000379 type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000380 type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000381 type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000383 type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000384 type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000385 type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000391 melanocyte of eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000148 melanocyte A melanocyte that is part of the eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000398 endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure An endothelial cell that is part of the hepatic sinusoid. These cells possess flattened areas containing perforations about 0.1 micrometers in diameter, known as fenestrae. The fenestrae are arranged in groups known as sieve plates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000409 myocyte of sinoatrial node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008009 transversely striated visceral muscle cell A muscle cell that is part of the sinoatrial node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000410 myocyte of atrioventricular node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000022 cardiac septum cell A muscle cell that is part of the atrioventricular node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000411 endothelial cell of Peyer's patch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure An endothelial cell that is part of the small intestine Peyer's patch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000412 endothelial cell of arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000071 blood vessel endothelial cell An endothelial cell that is part of the arteriole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000413 endothelial cell of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000071 blood vessel endothelial cell A blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of an arterial endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000414 endothelial cell of venule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002139 endothelial cell of vascular tree An endothelial cell that is part of the venule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000415 epithelial cell of gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of the gallbladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000417 myoepithelial cell of sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000448 epithelial cell of sweat gland A myoepithelial cell that is part of the sweat gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000418 myoepithelial cell of lactiferous alveolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002324 myoepithelial cell of mammary gland A myoepithelial cell that is part of the mammary gland alveolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000419 myoepithelial cell of lactiferous duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002324 myoepithelial cell of mammary gland A myoepithelial cell that is part of the lactiferous duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000424 chromaffin cell of paraaortic body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000425 chromaffin cell of paraganglion A chromaffin cell that is part of the paraaortic body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000425 chromaffin cell of paraganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000166 chromaffin cell A chromaffin cell that is part of the paraganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000426 chromaffin cell of adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A chromaffin cell that is part of the adrenal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000427 adrenal cortex chromaffin cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001601 adrenal gland glandular cell A chromaffin cell that is part of the adrenal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000428 stem cell of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A somatic stem cell that is part of the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000432 conjunctival epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of the conjunctiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000434 epithelial cell of external acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of the external acoustic meatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000435 epithelial cell of lacrimal drainage system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal drainage system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000436 epithelial cell of lacrimal sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000437 epithelial cell of nasolacrimal duct An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000437 epithelial cell of nasolacrimal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000435 epithelial cell of lacrimal drainage system An epithelial cell that is part of the nasolacrimal duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000442 urothelial cell of trigone of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001428 bladder urothelial cell An urothelial cell that is part of the trigone of urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000443 ciliary muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ciliary body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000444 mesothelial cell of anterior chamber of eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mesothelial cell that is part of the anterior chamber of eyeball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000445 myoepithelial cell of dilator pupillae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A myoepithelial cell that is part of the dilatator pupillae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000447 epithelial cell of stratum germinativum of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000646 basal cell A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000448 epithelial cell of sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002308 epithelial cell of skin gland An epithelial cell that is part of the sweat gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000449 epithelial cell of nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002518 kidney epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000450 epithelial cell of glomerular capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000612 kidney corpuscule cell An epithelial cell that is part of the glomerular capsule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000452 parietal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000450 epithelial cell of glomerular capsule An epithelial cell that is part of the glomerular parietal epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000453 epithelial cell of intermediate tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000909 kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of the intermediate tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000454 kidney collecting duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001225 kidney collecting duct cell An epithelial cell that is part of the collecting duct of renal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000456 mesothelial cell of parietal peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000490 mesothelial cell of peritoneum A mesothelial cell that is part of the parietal peritoneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000457 mesothelial cell of visceral peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000490 mesothelial cell of peritoneum A mesothelial cell that is part of the visceral peritoneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000458 melanocyte of skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000148 melanocyte A melanocyte that is part of the skin of body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000465 chromaffin cell of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000064 ovarian surface epithelial cell A chromaffin cell that is part of the ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000466 chromaffin cell of right ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000465 chromaffin cell of ovary A chromaffin cell that is part of the right ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000467 chromaffin cell of left ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000465 chromaffin cell of ovary A chromaffin cell that is part of the left ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000478 transitional myocyte of sinoatrial node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000409 myocyte of sinoatrial node A transitional myocyte that is part of the sinoatrial node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000479 Purkinje myocyte of atrioventricular node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000410 myocyte of atrioventricular node A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000481 transitional myocyte of atrioventricular bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000046 ventricular cardiac muscle cell A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular bundle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000482 myocardial endocrine cell of interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000022 cardiac septum cell A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the interventricular septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000484 Purkinje myocyte of atrioventricular bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000046 ventricular cardiac muscle cell A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular bundle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000486 basal cell of urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000731 urothelial cell A basal cell that is part of the urothelium. Compared to other urothelial cell types, a basal cell of the urothelium is positioned along the basement membrane, is the most undifferentiated and serves a progenitor role. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000487 smooth muscle cell of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A smooth muscle cell that is part of the prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000488 cholangiocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of the bile duct. Cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via net release of bicarbonate and water. They are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and mucus secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000490 mesothelial cell of peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000077 mesothelial cell A mesothelial cell that is part of the peritoneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000491 mesothelial cell of pleura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A mesothelial cell that is part of the pleura. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000492 mesothelial cell of parietal pleura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000491 mesothelial cell of pleura A mesothelial cell that is part of the parietal pleura. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000493 mesothelial cell of visceral pleura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000491 mesothelial cell of pleura A mesothelial cell that is part of the visceral pleura. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000494 nephron tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000507 kidney tubule cell An epithelial cell that is part of a nephron tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000495 small intestine goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001598 small intestine glandular cell A goblet cell that is part of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that is part of a kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000500 kidney interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell A cell that is part of kidney interstitium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000504 kidney medulla cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell A cell that is part of a renal medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000505 kidney pelvis cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell A cell that is part of a renal pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000507 kidney tubule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell A cell that is part of a nephron tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000546 kidney medulla collecting duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000504 kidney medulla cell An epithelial cell that is part of a renal medulla collecting duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000547 kidney inner medulla collecting duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000617 kidney inner medulla cell An epithelial cell that is part of some inner medullary collecting duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000548 kidney outer medulla collecting duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000616 kidney outer medulla cell An epithelial cell that is part of an outer medullary collecting duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000549 kidney cortex collecting duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000454 kidney collecting duct epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of a cortical collecting duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000716 kidney outer medulla collecting duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001431 kidney collecting duct principal cell Principal cell that is part of some outer medullary collecting duct. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001033 peritubular capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000892 kidney capillary endothelial cell An endothelial cell that is part of some peritubular capillary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001106 kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001016 kidney loop of Henle ascending limb epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thick ascending limb. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC2) apically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001107 kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001016 kidney loop of Henle ascending limb epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thin ascending limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001111 kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001021 kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thin descending limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001225 kidney collecting duct cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000497 kidney cell A cell that is part of a collecting duct of renal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001318 renal interstitial pericyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000500 kidney interstitial cell A pericyte cell located in the kidney interstitium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001428 bladder urothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A urothelial cell that is part of the urothelium of the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001433 epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000083 epithelial cell of pancreas An epithelial cell of the exocrine pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001434 olfactory bulb interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A neuron residing in the olfactory bulb that serve to process and refine signals arising from olfactory sensory neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001435 periglomerular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001434 olfactory bulb interneuron The small neuron in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb whose dendrites arborize within a glomerulus, where it receives synaptic input from olfactory receptor cell axon terminals, and also engages in dendrodendritic interactions with mitral and tufted cell dendrites; uses both GABA and dopamine as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001436 hair-tylotrich neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002487 cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor cell The subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate tylotrich hair follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001437 hair-down neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002487 cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor cell The subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate vellus hairs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001451 sensory neuron of dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023168 somatosensory neuron A sensory neuron of the dorsal root ganglia that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001474 medium spiny neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron An inhibitory, GABAergic projection neuron in the striatum that integrates glutamatergic signals arising from the cerebral cortex and thalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001502 mitral cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001434 olfactory bulb interneuron The large glutaminergic nerve cells whose dendrites synapse with axons of the olfactory receptor neurons in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, and whose axons pass centrally in the olfactory tract to the olfactory cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001503 olfactory bulb tufted cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The principal glutaminergic neuron located in the outer third of the external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb; a single short primary dendrite traverses the outer external plexiform layer and terminates within an olfactory glomerulus in a tuft of branches, where it receives the input from olfactory receptor neuron axon terminals; axons of the tufted cells transfer information to a number of areas in the brain, including the piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001505 parvocellular neurosecretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000030 hypothalamus cell The secretory neurons of the paraventricular nucleus that synthesize and secrete vasopressin, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into blood vessels in the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001509 glycinergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron The neurons that utilize glycine as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001516 intestinal enteroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002563 intestinal epithelial cell The various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the intestinal tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001517 stomach enteroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach The various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001561 vomeronasal sensory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000101 sensory neuron Chemosensitive cells that innervate the vomernasal organ epithelium and are responsible for receiving and transmitting pheromone signals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001569 hippocampal interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002608 hippocampal neuron An interneuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001571 hippocampal pyramidal neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023111 cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001572 colon endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A vascular endothelial cell found in colon blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001573 nasopharyngeal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002631 epithelial cell of upper respiratory tract Cell of the nasopharyngeal epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001575 uterine cervix squamous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002535 epithelial cell of cervix Squamous cell of uterine cervix epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001576 oral mucosa squamous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal Squamous cell of oral epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001577 tonsil squamous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal Squamous cell of tonsil epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001578 vagina squamous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Squamous cell of vaginal epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001579 cerebral cortex glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell Glial cell of cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001580 hippocampal glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001579 cerebral cortex glial cell A glial cell that is part of the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001581 lateral ventricle glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell Glial cell of lateral ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001582 lateral ventricle neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron Neuron of lateral ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001586 mammary gland glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002327 mammary gland epithelial cell Glandular cell of mammary epithelium. Example: glandular cells of large and intermediate ducts, glandular cells in terminal ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001587 uterine cervix glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001591 oviduct glandular cell Glandular cell of uterine cervix epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001588 colon glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011108 colon epithelial cell Glandular cell of colon epithelium. Example: Goblet cells; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001589 duodenum glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001598 small intestine glandular cell Glandular cell of duodenal epithelium. Example: Enterocytes, Goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells; Paneth cells; M cells; Brunner's gland cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001590 epididymis glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Glandular cell of epididymal epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001591 oviduct glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Glandular cell of oviduct epithelium. Example: peg cells, ciliated cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001592 gallbladder glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000415 epithelial cell of gallbladder Glandular cell of gallbladder epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001593 parathyroid glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Glandular cell of parathyroid epithelium. Example: Parathyroid chief cell and parathyroid oxyphil cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001595 rectum glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002658 glandular cell of the large intestine Glandular cell of rectal epithelium. Example: Goblet cell; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001596 salivary gland glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal Glandular cell of salivary gland. Example: Serous cells, mucous cells, cuboidal epithelial cells of the intercalated ducts, simple cuboidal epithelium of the striated ducts, epithelial cells of excretory ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001597 seminal vesicle glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Glandular cell of seminal vesicle epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001598 small intestine glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002254 epithelial cell of small intestine A glandular cell found in the epithelium of the small intestine. Example: Enterocytes, Goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells; Paneth cells; M cells; Somatostatin-secreting Cells (D-cells) . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001599 pancreas exocrine glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001433 epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas Glandular cell of exocrine pancreas epithelium. Example: pancreatic acinar cell, glandular cells in pancreatic canaliculi, glandular cells in pancreatic ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001601 adrenal gland glandular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Hormone secreting cell located in the cortex of adrenal gland. Glandular cells in the adrenal cortex secrete mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and androgens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001602 cerebral cortex endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Endothelial cells forming the walls of the capillaries within the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001603 lung macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure Circulating macrophages and tissue macrophages (alveolar macrophages) of lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001606 foreskin keratinocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Keratinocyte from foreskin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001607 articular chondrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000138 chondrocyte Chondrocyte forming the hyaline cartilage found in joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001608 foreskin fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Fibroblast from foreskin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001609 muscle fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast Fibroblast from muscle organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001610 bone marrow hematopoietic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002092 bone marrow cell Hematopoietic cells resident in the bone marrow. Include: hematopoietic stem cells (lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells) and the precursor cells for thrombocytes, erythrocytes, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001611 cerebellar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron Neuron of the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000000 epidermal melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000458 melanocyte of skin Any melanocyte that is part of a epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000001 peripheral blood mononuclear cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form found in the circulatory pool of blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000002 decidual cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A specialized, enlarged, connective tissue cell of the decidua with enlarged nucleus, dense membrane‐bound secretory granules and cytoplasmic accumulation of glycogen and lipid droplets. These cells develop by the transformation of endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000004 pituitary gland cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any cell that is part of a pituitary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000005 brain macroglial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000126 macroglial cell Any macroglial cell that is part of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000006 tonsil germinal center B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000844 germinal center B cell Any germinal center B cell that is part of a tonsil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000007 pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands [GO]. An endocrine gland located ventral to the diencephalon and derived from mixed neuroectodermal and non neuroectodermal origin [ZFIN]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000010 peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision A major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ Any portion of the organ that covers that body and consists of a layer of epidermis and a layer of dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000016 endocrine pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The part of the pancreas that is part of the endocrine system and is made up of islet cells, which produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ An organ that is capable of transducing sensory stimulus to the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005057 immune organ Any of the rounded masses of lymphoid tissue that are surrounded by a capsule of connective tissue, are distributed along the lymphatic vessels, and contain numerous lymphocytes which filter the flow of lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000056 ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Muscular duct that propels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder, or related organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000059 large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A subdivision of the digestive tract that connects the small intestine to the cloaca or anus. Lacks or has few villi[Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065 respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Anatomical structure that is part of the respiratory system. In mammals consists of upper and lower tracts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000159 anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The terminal part of the large intestine, continuous proximally with the rectum and distally terminates with the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000160 intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract Segment of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000165 mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The proximal portion of the digestive tract, containing the oral cavity and bounded by the oral opening. In vertebrates, this extends to the pharynx and includes gums, lips, tongue and parts of the palate. Typically also includes the teeth, except where these occur elsewhere (e.g. pharyngeal jaws) or protrude from the mouth (tusks). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000167 oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity Anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that that is enclosed by the mouth. The boundaries and contents vary depending on the species. In vertebrates, the boundaries are the oral opening, the cheeks, the palate and (if present) the palatoglossal arch - if this is not present then the mouth and pharynx form the oropharyngeal cavity. The buccal cavity contains the teeth, tongue and palate (when present). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000179 haemolymphatic fluid A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Multicellular, connected anatomical structure that has multiple organs as parts and whose parts work together to achieve some shared function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000945 stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010039 food storage organ An expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. A stomach is lined, in whole or in part by a glandular epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest A myogenic muscular circulatory organ found in the vertebrate cardiovascular system composed of chambers of cardiac muscle. It is the primary circulatory organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000949 endocrine system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015204 glandular system Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce endocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000955 brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000964 cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000965 lens of camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005389 transparent eye structure A transparent and refractive lens located posterior to the iris. The lens of camera-type eye refracts light to be focused on the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000966 retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005388 photoreceptor array The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000970 eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ An organ that detects light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000977 pleura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure The invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (the visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000989 penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008811 intromittent organ An intromittent organ in certain biologically male organisms. In placental mammals, this also serves as the organ of urination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000990 reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000992 ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003134 female reproductive organ The gonad of a female organism which contains germ cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000995 uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013515 subdivision of oviduct The female muscular organ of gestation in which the developing embryo or fetus is nourished until birth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000996 vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013515 subdivision of oviduct A fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000997 mammalian vulva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure External genital organs of the female mammal[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000998 seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006868 seminal fluid secreting gland Either of a pair of glandular pouches that lie one on either side of the male reproductive tract posterolateral to the urinary bladder and in the human male secrete a sugar- and protein-containing fluid into the ejaculatory duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001004 respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Functional system which consists of structures involved in respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001016 nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system The nervous system is an organ system containing predominantly neuron and glial cells. In bilaterally symmetrical organism, it is arranged in a network of tree-like structures connected to a central body. The main functions of the nervous system are to regulate and control body functions, and to receive sensory input, process this information, and generate behavior [CUMBO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001017 central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the neural tube derivatives: the brain and spinal cord. In invertebrates it includes central ganglia plus nerve cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015203 non-connected functional system Anatomical system that overlaps the nervous system and is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001043 esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element Tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. In mammals, the oesophagus connects the buccal cavity with the stomach. The stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium lining the buccal cavity is continued through the pharynx down into the oesophagus. The lowest part of the oesophagus (ca. 2 cm) is lined with gastric mucosa and covered by peritoneum. The main body of the oesophagus is lined with small, simple mucous glands. Each gland opens into the lumen by a long duct which pierces the muscularis mucosae (Wilson and Washington, 1989). A sphincter is situated at the point where the oesophagus enters the stomach to prevent gastro-oesophageal reflux, i.e. to prevent acidic gastric contents from reaching stratified epithelia of the oesophagus, where they can cause inflammation and irritation (Wilson and Washington, 1989; Brown et al., 1993). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001044 saliva-secreting gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010047 oral gland Saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001052 rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The terminal portion of the intestinal tube, terminating with the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001091 calcareous tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Skeletal element within the mouth (or in some species, upper part of the digestive tract) that is composed of dentine and is used in procuring or masticating food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001103 diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003831 respiratory system muscle A thin musculomebranous barrier that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities. Often used for breathing control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001130 vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all the vertebra and associated skeletal elements and joints in the body[modified from VSAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001132 parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002368 endocrine gland The parathyroid gland is an endocrine gland for secretion of parathyroid hormone, usually found as a pair, embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland. Parathyroid regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002036 striated muscle tissue Muscle tissue that consists primarily of skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001153 caecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009854 digestive tract diverticulum A pouch in the digestive tract that connects the ileum with the ascending colon of the large intestine. It is separated from the ileum by the ileocecal valve, and is the beginning of the large intestine. It is also separated from the colon by the cecocolic junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001155 colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract A portion of the large intestine before it becomes the rectum. In mammals, the colon is the most part of the large intestine, excluding the vermiform appendix, the rectum and the anal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001158 descending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000168 proximal-distal subdivision of colon The portion of the colon between the left colic flexure and the sigmoid colon at the pelvic brim; the portion of the descending colon lying in the left iliac fossa is sometimes called the iliac colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001159 sigmoid colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000168 proximal-distal subdivision of colon The part of the large intestine that is closest to the rectum and anus. It forms a loop that averages about 40 cm. in length, and normally lies within the pelvis, but on account of its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the abdominal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001160 fundus of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach The fundus is the portion of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch, and contains the fundic glands[GO, Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001162 cardia of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach The part of the stomach attached to the esophagus. The cardia begins immediately distal to the z-line of the gastroeosphageal junction, where the squamous epithelium of the esophagus gives way to the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001165 pyloric antrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach The area at the bottom of the stomach on the caudal side of the pyloric canal that contains gastrin-producing G cells, which stimulate acid production, and the luminal pH-sensitive population of somatostatin-producing D cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001166 pylorus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach The stomach tissue region surrounding and controlling the distal outlet of the stomach, which opens into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001184 renal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012254 abdominal aorta artery One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the kidneys. These are large arteries that branch from the dorsal aorta in primitive vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001245 anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Orifice at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. Its function is to expel feces, unwanted semi-solid matter produced during digestion, which, depending on the type of animal, may be one or more of: matter which the animal cannot digest, such as bones; food material after all the nutrients have been extracted, for example cellulose or lignin; ingested matter which would be toxic if it remained in the digestive tract; and dead or excess gut bacteria and other endosymbionts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001255 urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001257 trigone of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The smooth triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice; it is an area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001258 neck of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The constricted portion of the urinary bladder, formed by the meeting of its inferolateral surfaces proximal to the opening of the urethra[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001295 endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa The glandular mucous membrane lining of the uterine cavity that is hormonally responsive during the estrous/menstrual cycle and during pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001299 glans penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035651 glans The conic expansion of the corpus spongiosum that forms the head of the penis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001300 scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone The external sac of skin that encloses the testes. It is an extension of the abdomen, and in placentals is located between the penis and anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001301 epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system The elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001322 sciatic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A large nerve that supplies nearly the whole of the skin of the leg, the muscles of the back of the thigh, and those of the leg and foot. It begins in the lower back and runs through the buttock and down the lower limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001323 tibial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003431 leg nerve The tibial nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerve. The tibial nerve passes through the popliteal fossa to pass below the arch of soleus. In the popliteal fossa the nerve gives off branches to gastrocnemius, popliteus, soleus and plantaris muscles, an articular branch to the knee joint, and a cutaneous branch that will become the sural nerve. The sural nerve is joined by fibres from the common peroneal nerve and runs down the calf to supply the lateral side of the foot. Below the soleus muscle the nerve lies close to the tibia and supplies the tibialis posterior, the flexor digitorum longus and the flexor hallucis longus. The nerve passes into the foot running posterior to the medial malleolus. Here it is bound down by the flexor retinaculum in company with the posterior tibial artery. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001361 femoral vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003516 hindlimb blood vessel In the human body, the femoral vein is a blood vessel that accompanies the femoral artery in the femoral sheath. It begins at the adductor canal (also known as Hunter's canal) and is a continuation of the popliteal vein. It ends at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligament, where it becomes the external iliac vein. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001535 vertebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002458 spinal artery The first branch of the left and right subclavian arteries that merge to form the single midline basilar artery; branches of the vertebral arteries supply the musculature of the neck. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558 lower respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract The segment of the respiratory tract that starts proximally with the trachea and includes all distal structures including the lungs[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003509 arterial blood vessel An epithelial tube or tree of tibes that transports blood away from the heart[modified from AEO definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001644 trochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001785 cranial nerve A cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001646 abducens nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Cranial nerve that runs to the eye muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001648 vestibulocochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Cranial nerve that transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001650 hypoglossal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001785 cranial nerve Cranial nerve that innervates the muscles of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001677 sphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015060 sphenoid endochondral element An unpaired bone situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporal bone and basilar part of the occipital bone. The sphenoid bone is one of the seven bones that articulate to form the orbit. Its shape somewhat resembles that of a butterfly or bat with its wings extended. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001705 nail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009564 distal limb integumentary appendage A horn-like keratin structure covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001707 nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity An anatomical cavity that is part of the olfactory apparatus. This includes the space bounded anteriorly by the nares and posteriorly by the choanae, when these structures are present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001708 jaw skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Subdivision of skeleton which includes upper and lower jaw skeletons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001711 eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A fold of skin that covers and protects part of the eyeball. Examples: upper eyelid, lower eyelid, nictitating membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001723 tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A muscular organ in the floor of the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001724 sphenoidal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001825 paranasal sinus One of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the body of the sphenoid bone and communicating with the highest meatus of the nasal cavity on the same side[MESH]. The sphenoidal sinuses (or sphenoid) contained within the body of the sphenoid vary in size and shape; owing to the lateral displacement of the intervening septum they are rarely symmetrical. The following are their average measurements: vertical height, 2.2 cm. ; transverse breadth, 2 cm. ; antero-posterior depth, 2.2 cm. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001736 submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001829 major salivary gland Either of the paired compound tubuloalveolar (aka tubuloacinar) major salivary glands composed of both serous and mucous secretory cells and situated beneath the mandible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001737 larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract A continuation of the pharynx that is involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001739 laryngeal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011004 pharyngeal arch cartilage The cartilaginous structures that support the larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001750 lacrimal apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A network of orbital structures of the eye that secrete and drain tears from the surface of the eyeball into the nasal cavity; these parts include the lacrimal glands, lacrimal lake, lacrimal ducts, lacrimal canals, lacrimal sacs, nasolacrimal ducts, and lacrimal puncta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001756 middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The middle ear is the air-filled cavity within the skull of vertebrates that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. It is linked to the pharynx (and therefore to outside air) via the Eustachian tube and in mammals contains the three ear ossicles, which transmit auditory vibrations from the outer ear (via the tympanum) to the inner ear (via the oval window)[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001759 vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Cranial nerve that branches into the lateral (to body sense organs) and the intestino-accessorial (to the skin, muscles of shoulder, hyoid, larynx, gut, lungs, and heart). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001760 frontal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001825 paranasal sinus The frontal sinus occupies the dorsal part of the skull medial to the orbit. It overlaps cranial and nasal cavities and is often referred to as the conchofrontal sinus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001764 maxillary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001825 paranasal sinus One of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the body of the maxilla, communicating with the middle meatus of the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001776 optic choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002203 vasculature of eye Vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001811 conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids and the front of the eyeball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001820 sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system Any of the coil glands of the skin that secrete sweat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001825 paranasal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001831 parotid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012102 buccal salivary gland The parotid gland is the largest of the salivary glands. It is found wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and it secretes saliva through Stensen's duct into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001833 lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003102 surface structure One of the two fleshy folds which surround the opening of the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001872 parietal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001961 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012069 epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue Diffuse system of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue found in various sites of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid, breast, lung, salivary glands, eye, and skin[WP]. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982 capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410081 blood microvessel Any of the smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles with venules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002012 pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013768 great vessel of heart An artery that carries deoxygenated blood from heart to the lungs. They are the only arteries (other than umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002046 thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest A two-lobed endocrine gland found in all vertebrates, located in front of and on either side of the trachea in humans, and producing various hormones, such as triiodothyronine and calcitonin[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Respiration organ that develops as an outpocketing of the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002068 urachus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A fibrous remnant of the allantoic stalk, a narrow fetal canal connecting the apex of the urinary bladder with the umbilicus located in the space of Retzius, between the transversalis fascia anteriorly and the peritoneum posteriorly. its lumen is normally obliterated during development, transforming the urachus into a solid cord, a functionless remnant that persists throughout life as the median umbilical ligament; failure of complete lumen obliteration may result in distinct congenital urachal remnant anomalies[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002101 limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004708 paired limb/fin A paired appendage that is evolved from a paired fin. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the girdle and its parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002106 spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017672 abdominal viscera The organ that functions to filter blood and to store red corpuscles and platelets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002107 liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006925 digestive system gland An exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002108 small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element Subdivision of digestive tract that connects the stomach to the large intestine and is where much of the digestion and absorption of food takes place (with the exception of ruminants). The mammalian small intestine is long and coiled and can be differentiated histologically into: duodenum, jejunem, ileum[WP,cjm,Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002110 gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017672 abdominal viscera An organ that aids digestion and stores bile produced by the liver[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A paired organ of the urinary tract that produces urine and maintains bodily fluid homeostasis, blood pressure, pH levels, red blood cell production and skeleton mineralization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002114 duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The first part of the small intestine. At the junction of the stomach and the duodenum the alimentary canal is inflected. The duodenum first goes anteriorly for a short distance, turns dorsally, and eventually caudally, thus it is a U-shaped structure with two horizontal sections (a ventral and a dorsal one). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002115 jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002116 ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002134 tricuspid valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005208 right atrium valve An atrioventricular valve that is part of the outflow part of the right atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002165 endocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005983 heart layer The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002185 bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000117 respiratory tube The upper conducting airways of the lung; these airways arise from the terminus of the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002204 musculoskeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical system that consists of the muscular and skeletal systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002240 spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. (CUMBO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002279 vestibular aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull At the hinder part of the medial wall of the vestibule is the orifice of the vestibular aqueduct, which extends to the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It transmits a small vein, and contains a tubular prolongation of the membranous labyrinth, the ductus endolymphaticus, which ends in a cul-de-sac between the layers of the dura mater within the cranial cavity. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002293 costochondral joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002215 synchondrosis A bars of hyaline cartilage located between the distal part of a rib and a costal cartilage, connecting the ribs to the sternum . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002298 brainstem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Stalk-like part of the brain that includes amongst its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,MP,generalized]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002330 exocrine system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical system that consists of the glands and parts of glands that produce exocrine secretions and help to integrate and control bodily metabolic activity. Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (hormones) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) that affect only target cells nearby the release site. [Wikipedia]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002336 corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005340 dorsal telencephalic commissure White matter structure containing massive numbers of commissural fibers connecting cortical areas in the two cerebral hemispheres.it is subdivided into a genu, a rostrum, a body, and a splenium. (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002351 sinoatrial node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010131 conducting tissue of heart The part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of heart muscle contraction. It relays electrical signals to the AV node[GO]. Subdivision of conducting system of heart at the junction of the right atrium and the superior vena cava, around the sinoatrial nodal branch of right coronary artery and is continuous with the internodal tract[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002358 peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane A serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity[VHOG,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002367 prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010147 male accessory sex gland The prostate gland is a partly muscular, partly glandular body that is situated near the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002368 endocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland Endocrine glands are glands of the endocrine system that secrete their products directly into the circulatory system rather than through a duct.[WP, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002370 thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005058 hemolymphoid system gland Anatomical structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002372 tonsil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001962 gut-associated lymphoid tissue Either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Tissue with cells that deposit non-polarized extracellular matrix including connective tissue fibers and ground substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002387 pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008784 lower limb segment Distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002389 manual digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002544 digit A digit that is part of a manus (hand). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002391 lymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000179 haemolymphatic fluid Lymph is the fluid that is formed when interstitial fluid enters the conduits of the lymphatic system through lymph capillaries[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002394 bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Any of the ducts that form the biliary tree, carrying bile from the liver to the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398 manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008785 upper limb segment Distal segment of the fore limb, including carpal region, metacarpal region and digits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015203 non-connected functional system Anatomical system that protects the body from foreign substances, cells, and tissues by producing the immune response and that includes especially the thymus, spleen, lymphoid tissue, lymphocytes including the B cells and T cells, and antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002407 pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure The combination of pericardial sac (a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels) plus fibrous pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002410 autonomic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002416 integumental system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Connected anatomical system that forms a barrier between an animal and its environment. In vertebrates, the integumental system consists of the epidermis, dermis plus associated glands and adnexa such as hair and scales. In invertebrates, the integumental system may include cuticle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002446 patella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011141 appendicular ossicle A large sesamoid bone found in the distal femur/proximal tibial region of the hindlimb of tetrapods. The patella is the attachment site for proximal hindlimb tendons.[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002453 ethmoid sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001825 paranasal sinus The evaginations of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity into the ethmoidal bony labyrinth, forming multiple small paranasal sinuses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003126 trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000117 respiratory tube The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches [GO:dph]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An organ involved in reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003134 female reproductive organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ A female organ involved in reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003135 male reproductive organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ A male organ involved in reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003221 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015023 phalanx endochondral element Endochondral bones that are often elongate and arranged in rows of articulating elements, and form the visible part of the digits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003690 fused sacrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008001 irregular bone A collection of sacral vertebrae in the sacral region that are fused and part of the bony pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003691 epidural space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010276 space in vertebral column The outermost part of the spinal canal. It is the space within the canal (formed by the surrounding vertebrae) lying outside the dura mater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003693 retroperitoneal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space Anatomical space in the abdominal cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum. It has no specific delineating anatomical structures. Organs are retroperitoneal if they only have peritoneum on their anterior side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003703 extrahepatic bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002394 bile duct Passages external to the liver for the conveyance of bile. These include the common bile duct and the common hepatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003728 mediastinum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The central part of the thoracic cavity enclosed by the left and right pleurae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003889 fallopian tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Initial section of the oviduct through which the ova pass from the ovary to the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003959 rete testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An anastomosing network of delicate tubules located in the hilum of the testicle (mediastinum testis) that carries sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the vasa efferentia[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004014 labium minora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure One of the folds of skin which form the inner lips on both sides of the vaginal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004085 labium majora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure One of the folds of skin which form the outer lips on both sides of the vaginal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004117 pharyngeal pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue An internal pocketing of pharyngeal endoderm that contacts a region of ectoderm (a pharyngeal cleft) and interdigitates in the anterior and posterior directions with the pharyngeal arches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004535 cardiovascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical system that has as its parts the heart and blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004913 hepatopancreatic ampulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002394 bile duct A dilation of the duodenal papilla that is the opening of the juncture of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005057 immune organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ An organ that is part of a immune system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005352 spermatic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The cord-like structure in males comprising the vas deferens and associated tissue that runs from the abdomen down to each testis[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005409 alimentary part of gastrointestinal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system The part of the digestive system that excludes the hepatobiliary system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005610 iliac vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein Any of the three veins including the common, external and internal iliac veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006558 lymphatic part of lymphoid system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision An organ system subdivision that is a network of vessels capable of removing accumulating protein and fluid from the interstitial space and returning it to the vascular space. In some species, this network is connected to the immune system via lymph nodes and lymphocyte-producing organs, with the whole being the lymphoid system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006562 pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006589 round ligament of uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament The round ligament of the uterus originates at the uterine horns, in the parametrium. It leaves the pelvis via the deep inguinal ring, passes through the inguinal canal and continues on to the labia majora where its fibers spread and mix with the tissue of the mons pubis[WP]. A fibromuscular band that attaches to the uterus and then passes along the broad ligament, out through the inguinal ring, and into the labium majus[MESH]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006810 olecranon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone The olecranon is a large, thick, curved bony eminence of the forearm that projects behind the elbow. It is situated at the upper (proximal) end of the ulna, one of the two bones in the forearm. When the hand faces forward the olecranon faces towards the back (posteriorly). It is bent forward at the summit so as to present a prominent lip which is received into the olecranon fossa of the humerus in extension of the forearm. Its base is contracted where it joins the body and the narrowest part of the upper end of the ulna. Its posterior surface, directed backward, is triangular, smooth, subcutaneous, and covered by a bursa. Its superior surface is of quadrilateral form, marked behind by a rough impression for the insertion of the Triceps brachii; and in front, near the margin, by a slight transverse groove for the attachment of part of the posterior ligament of the elbow-joint. Its anterior surface is smooth, concave, and forms the upper part of the semilunar notch. Its borders present continuations of the groove on the margin of the superior surface; they serve for the attachment of ligaments, viz. , the back part of the ulnar collateral ligament medially, and the posterior ligament laterally. From the medial border a part of the Flexor carpi ulnaris arises; while to the lateral border the anconeus muscle is attached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008230 tibialis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004256 hindlimb zeugopod muscle Either of two muscles of the calf of the leg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010011 collection of basal ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010009 aggregate regional part of brain Subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010145 paraurethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland The numerous mucous-secreting glands found in several female mammalian species (including rodents and humans) on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra, and possessing a common paraurethral duct which opens (on each side) near the external urethral orifice; they are homologous with the prostate gland in males, have highly variable anatomy, and are believed to be the source of the female ejaculate, a lubricating fluid with a similar consistency to male prostatic fluid that is expelled through the urethra during sexual stimulation; like the male prostate, these glands are susceptible to infection (skenitis), cyst development, and cancer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010391 parametrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003885 mesometrium The subserous connective tissue of the pelvic floor of the supracervical portion of the uterus. The parametrium extends laterally between the layers of the broad ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011374 prepuce http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone A retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis or clitoris. Glands may also be present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011818 superficial fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Superficial fascia is found in the subcutis in most regions of the body, blending with the reticular layer of the dermis. It is present on the face, over the upper portion of the sternocleidomastoid, at the nape of the neck, and overlying the sternum. It is comprised mainly of loose areolar connective tissue and adipose and is the layer that primarily determines the shape of a body. In addition to its subcutaneous presence, this type of fascia surrounds organs and glands, neurovascular bundles, and is found at many other locations where it fills otherwise unoccupied space. It serves as a storage medium of fat and water; as a passageway for lymph, nerve and blood vessels; and as a protective padding to cushion and insulate. Superficial fascia is present, but does not contain fat, in the eyelids, ear, scrotum, penis and clitoris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011826 vestibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate with the vestibule of vagina. Examples: right vestibular gland, lesser vestibular gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012303 ureteral orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010418 urethral opening The slit-like opening of either ureter into the bladder; normally, the two ureteral orifices are placed at the posterolateral angles of the urinary bladder trigone while the internal urethral orifice is placed at its anteroinferior angle (apex); wide gaping usually indicates vesicoureteral reflux. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012332 broad ligament of uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A broad fold of peritoneum that extends from the side of the uterus to the wall of the pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012336 perianal skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001415 skin of pelvis A zone of skin that is part of the area surrounding the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016410 male breast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000310 breast A breast that is part of a male organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016435 chest wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000060 anatomical wall Subdivision of thorax which includes all structures from the skin to the costal pleura. Examples: There is only one chest wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016525 frontal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Frontal lobe is the anterior-most of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere. It is bounded by the central sulcus on its posterior border and by the longitudinal cerebral fissure on its medial border. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034940 venous sinus cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010161 lumen of blood vessel An enlarged chamber in the blood sinus capable of accumulating a large volume of blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034953 embryonic lymph sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007499 epithelial sac A population of lymphatic endothelial cell precursors that will form the lymph vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034979 nonchromaffin paraganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034978 paraganglion (generic) A cluster of chemoreceptive and support cells associated with blood vessels and nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035014 functional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A brain region defined by functional criteria, e.g. auditory cortex, rather than by structural or histological criteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035032 abdominal oblique muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002461 anterior abdominal wall muscle Either the external or internal abdominal oblique muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035045 parotid gland intralobular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014719 intralobular duct Any of the tubular canals of the parotid gland located within the parenchymal (secretory) tissue i.e. within lobules; both intercalated and striated (secretory) ducts are intralobular ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035048 parotid gland excretory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035049 excretory duct of salivary gland Any of the interlobular excretory ducts of the parotid gland which are found in the connective tissue septa and formed by the union of several intralobular striated (secretory) ducts; ultimately, the excretory ducts of the parotid gland coalesce and form a single main excretory duct (Stensen's duct) that opens into the oral cavity; excretory ducts do not change the secretory product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035076 parotid gland myoepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003360 epithelium of parotid gland Epithelium that consists of stellate-shaped contractile cells with long dendritic processes that surround the secretory acini and intercalated ducts of the parotid gland, usually found in the glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells; they display features of both smooth muscle and epithelium, such as numerous microfilaments with focal densities in the cytoplasmic processes, and desmosomes which attach them to the epithelial cells; their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035078 parotid gland interlobular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035053 interlobular duct of salivary gland Any of the excretory ducts of the parotid gland which are found in the connective tissue septa i.e. between lobules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035083 transverse process-bearing vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002412 vertebra A vertebra that has a transverse process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035102 transverse process of caudal vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001077 transverse process of vertebra A transverse process that is part of a caudal vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035112 intrinsic muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate Any of the muscles that are entirely within the body part or segment moved by them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035127 suture of hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Any of the sutures of the hard palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035198 superficial lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel The tubules that carry lymph throughout the body that are just beneath the surface of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035545 deep lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel The tubules that carry lymph throughout the body that are in the interior of the body or limbs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035549 vasculature of integument http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature The part of the circulatory system that lies within the subcutaneous tissue layers close to the surface of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035551 deep vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature The part of the circulatory system that lies deep beneath the subcutaneous tissue layers away from the surface of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035552 deep vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A blood vessel carrying deoxygenated blood far beneath the skin usually accompanying an artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035597 profundal placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009955 neurogenic placode An embryonic structure positioned halfway between the prospective eye and ear, adjacent to the future midbrain-hindbrain boundary. The profundal and the trigeminal ganglia are separate distally but fused at their proximal end as they condense around NF stage 24. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035642 laryngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve Any nerve that innervates the larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035648 nerve innervating pinna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region Any nerve that innervates the pinna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035652 fibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve Any nerve that innervates the fibularis. Includes the common fibular nerve, and its branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035775 submandibular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The region between the mandible and the hyoid bone that contains the submandibular and sublingual glands, suprahyoid muscles, submandibular ganglion, and lingual artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035776 accessory ciliary ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035783 ganglion of ciliary nerve A parasympathetic ganglion located on the short ciliary nerve differentiated from the main ciliary ganglion by virtue of the fact that it had no root derived directly from the inferior trunk of the oculomotor nerve and it never attaches to this nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035783 ganglion of ciliary nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion Any parasympathetic ganglion that extends fibers into the short ciliary nerve. Includes both the main and acccessory ciliary ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035802 alveus of CA2 field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035787 layer of CA2 field Part of alveus lying within hippocampal sector CA2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030278 thick neurocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology increased thickness of the bones of the skull enclosing the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030279 thin neurocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology decreased thickness of the bones of the skull enclosing the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030281 thin parietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030279 thin neurocranium reduced thickness of the paired membranous bones located between the frontal and occipital bones that are large, curved and quadrilateral in outline, articulate with each other at the midline in the sagittal suture, and form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030284 short mandibular coronoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030283 small mandibular coronoid process length reduction or truncation of the thin, flattened, triangular eminence that arises from the upper surface of the mandibular ramus (perpendicular portion) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030286 occipital bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004441 small occipital bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the occipital bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030287 enlarged occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005269 abnormal occipital bone morphology increased size of the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030288 broad occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030287 enlarged occipital bone increased width of the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020506 abnormal dendritic spine density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009936 abnormal dendritic spine morphology any anomaly in the number of dendritic spines in a given cross-sectional area of a dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020507 increased dendritic spine density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020506 abnormal dendritic spine density increase in the number of dendritic spines in a given cross-sectional area of a dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020508 decreased dendritic spine density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020506 abnormal dendritic spine density decrease in the number of dendritic spines in a given cross-sectional area of a dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020509 abnormal dendritic spine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009936 abnormal dendritic spine morphology any anomaly in the distance from the base to head of a dendritic spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020510 increased dendritic spine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020509 abnormal dendritic spine length increase in the distance from the base to head of a dendritic spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020511 decreased dendritic spine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020509 abnormal dendritic spine length decrease in the distance from the base to head of a dendritic spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020512 abnormal dendritic mushroom spine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009936 abnormal dendritic spine morphology any structural anomaly of the dendritic spines that have a thin neck and large bulbous head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020513 abnormal dendritic stubby spine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009936 abnormal dendritic spine morphology any structural anomaly of the dendritic spines that have a bulbous head but lack a thin neck; these are typically prominent in postnatal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020514 abnormal dendritic thin spine morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009936 abnormal dendritic spine morphology any structural anomaly of the dendritic spines that have a long, thin neck and a small bulbous head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030303 small ethmoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000100 abnormal ethmoid bone morphology reduced size of the single midline facial bone that separates the nasal cavity from the brain, located at the roof of the nose between the two orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030304 abnormal cribriform plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000100 abnormal ethmoid bone morphology any structural anomaly of the sieve-like structure located between the anterior cranial fossa and the nasal cavity; it is a part of the ethmoid bone and supports the olfactory bulb, which lies in the olfactory fossa; it is perforated by foramina for the passage of the olfactory nerves and the anterior ethmoidal nerves to the upper part of the nasal septum, the latter of those to the superior nasal concha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030305 small cribriform plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030304 abnormal cribriform plate morphology reduced size of the sieve-like structure located between the anterior cranial fossa and the nasal cavity; it is a part of the ethmoid bone and supports the olfactory bulb, which lies in the olfactory fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030306 abnormal cranial fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010029 abnormal basicranium morphology any structural anomaly of any of the three large depressions in the posterior, middle, and anterior aspects of the floor of the cranial cavity; each cranial fossa accommodates a different part of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030307 abnormal anterior cranial fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030306 abnormal cranial fossa morphology any structural anomaly of the depression in the floor of the cranial base which houses the projecting frontal lobes of the brain; it is formed by the orbital plates of the frontal, the cribriform plate of the ethmoid, and the small wings and front part of the body of the sphenoid; it is limited behind by the posterior borders of the small wings of the sphenoid and by the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; the lesser wings of the sphenoid separate the anterior and middle fossae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030308 abnormal middle cranial fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030306 abnormal cranial fossa morphology any structural anomaly of the butterfly-shaped depression which is centrally located in the cranial floor, narrow in the middle and wider laterally, and houses the temporal lobes of the cerebrum and the pituitary gland; it is separated from the posterior fossa by the clivus and the petrous crest; it is bounded: in front, by the posterior margins of the lesser wings of the sphenoid bone, the anterior clinoid processes, and the ridge forming the anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove; behind, by the superior angles of the petrous portions of the temporal bones and the dorsum sellae; laterally, by the temporal squamae, sphenoidal angles of the parietals, and greater wings of the sphenoid; it is traversed by the squamosal, sphenoparietal, sphenosquamosal, and sphenopetrosal sutures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030311 abnormal mandibular fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011210 abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology any structural anomaly of the depression in the temporal bone that articulates with the mandible; it is a part of the temporomandibular joint and lodges the condyle of the mandible; in the temporal bone, the mandibular fossa is bounded anteriorly by the articular tubercle and posteriorly by the tympanic portion of the temporal bone, which separates it from the external acoustic meatus; the fossa is divided into two parts by a narrow slit, the petrotympanic fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030313 abnormal face development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012176 abnormal head development any anomaly in the process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030314 absent primary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013549 abnormal primary palate morphology missing the initial portion of the palate formed from the intermaxillary segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030315 small neurocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology decreased size of the bones of the skull enclosing the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030316 enlarged neurocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000074 abnormal neurocranium morphology increased size of the bones of the skull enclosing the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030317 absent maxillary zygomatic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030302 abnormal maxillary zygomatic process morphology absence of the rough triangular eminence situated at the angle of separation of the anterior, zygomatic, and orbital surfaces; in front, it forms part of the anterior surface; behind, it is concave, and forms part of the infratemporal fossa; above, it is rough and serrated for articulation with the zygomatic bone; below, it presents the prominent arched border which marks the division between the anterior and infratemporal surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030318 enlarged maxillary zygomatic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030302 abnormal maxillary zygomatic process morphology increased size of the rough triangular eminence situated at the angle of separation of the anterior, zygomatic, and orbital surfaces; in front, it forms part of the anterior surface; behind, it is concave, and forms part of the infratemporal fossa; above, it is rough and serrated for articulation with the zygomatic bone; below, it presents the prominent arched border which marks the division between the anterior and infratemporal surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030320 abnormal temporal bone tympanic part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005272 abnormal temporal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the curved plate of bone that is situated inferiorly to the squamous part and anteriorly to the mastoid part of the temporal bone; it surrounds the external auditory meatus, forming the anterior wall, floor and some of the posterior wall of the bony external acoustic meatus; its lateral border gives the attachment to the cartilaginous part of the external acoustic meatus; its anteroinferior surface forms the posterior boundary of the mandibular fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030321 abnormal tegmen tympani morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030154 abnormal tympanic cavity morphology any structural anomaly of the thin plate of bone which separates the middle ear (tympanic) cavity from the dura of the middle cranial fossa and forms the roof of the middle ear cavity; it is formed in part by the petrous portion of the temporal bone, and the squamous portion of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030322 styloid process hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008023 abnormal styloid process morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the styliod process, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030323 short styloid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008023 abnormal styloid process morphology length reduction or truncation of the slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030324 abnormal anterior head development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012176 abnormal head development any anomaly in the process in which the anatomical structures of the anterior part of the head are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030325 abnormal periocular mesenchyme apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004054 abnormal periocular mesenchyme morphology change in the timing or the number of cells of the periocular mesenchyme undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030326 decreased periocular mesenchyme apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030325 abnormal periocular mesenchyme apoptosis reduction in the number of cells of the periocular mesenchyme undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030327 temporomandibular joint ankylosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011210 abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology fusion or adherence of the mandibular condyle to the base of the skull, resulting in limitation of jaw opening; true ankylosis may be bony or fibrous; in bony ankylosis, the condyle or ramus is attached to the temporal or zygomatic bone by an osseous bridge; in fibrous ankylosis a soft tissue (fibrous) union of joint components occurs while the bone components appear normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030328 glossopalatal ankylosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology presence of an intraoral band of variable thickness attaching the tongue to the hard palate or maxillary alveolar ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030329 absent temporal bone petrous part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology absence of the dense, pyramid-shaped portion of the temporal bone that is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones; directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and houses in its interior, the components of the inner ear; the petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030330 abnormal temporomandibular joint disk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011210 abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology any structural anomaly of the oval, biconcave, avascular fibrocartilaginous structure located between the condyle of the mandible and the mandibular (glenoid) fossa of the temporal bone; the disk provides the gliding surface for the mandibular condyle, resulting in smooth joint movement; it splits the temporomandibular joint into two synovial joint cavities, each lined by a synovial membrane, and separates translational and rotational motion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030331 absent temporomandibular joint disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030330 abnormal temporomandibular joint disk morphology missing the oval, biconcave, avascular fibrocartilaginous structure located between the condyle of the mandible and the mandibular (glenoid) fossa of the temporal bone; the disk provides the gliding surface for the mandibular condyle, resulting in smooth joint movement; it splits the temporomandibular joint into two synovial joint cavities, each lined by a synovial membrane, and separates translational and rotational motion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030332 accelerated temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011210 abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology earlier onset or more rapid progression of a degenerative condition of the temporomandibular joint that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone; erosive lesions and joint space narrowing usually indicate acute or early changes, whereas sclerosis, flattening, subchondral cysts, and osteophytes may indicate late changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030333 abnormal palatine bone perpendicular plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005249 abnormal palatine bone morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the palatine bone that extends vertically upward from the horizontal lamina; it forms part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030334 absent sixth pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012493 absent pharyngeal arch arteries failure to develop or absence of the sixth pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030335 absent third pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012493 absent pharyngeal arch arteries failure to develop or absence of the third pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030336 third pharyngeal arch artery hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012492 pharyngeal arch artery hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the third pharyngeal arch artery, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030337 enlarged third pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006356 abnormal third pharyngeal arch artery morphology increased size of the third pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030338 dilated third pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012494 dilated pharyngeal arch artery stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the third pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030339 absent second pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012493 absent pharyngeal arch arteries failure to develop or absence of the second pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030340 absent fourth pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012493 absent pharyngeal arch arteries failure to develop or absence of the fourth pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030341 fourth pharyngeal arch artery hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012492 pharyngeal arch artery hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the fourth pharyngeal arch artery, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030342 small maxillary prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010940 abnormal maxillary prominence morphology reduced size of the paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030343 maxillary prominence hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030342 small maxillary prominence decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the maxillary prominence, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030344 absent maxillary prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010940 abnormal maxillary prominence morphology absence of the paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030345 enlarged maxillary prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010940 abnormal maxillary prominence morphology increased size of the paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030346 small mandibular prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010939 abnormal mandibular prominence morphology reduced size of the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030347 mandibular prominence hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030346 small mandibular prominence decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mandibular prominence, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030348 enlarged mandibular prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010939 abnormal mandibular prominence morphology increased size of the paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030349 absent coronal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003840 abnormal coronal suture morphology failure to form the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones and the frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030350 premature coronal suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000081 premature cranial suture closure early closure of the coronal suture of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030351 wide coronal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030029 wide cranial sutures an abnormally increased width of the coronal suture for age-related norms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030352 absent sagittal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003843 abnormal sagittal suture morphology failure to form the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the two parietal bones of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030353 wide sagittal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030029 wide cranial sutures an abnormally increased width of the sagittal suture for age-related norms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030354 premature sagittal suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000081 premature cranial suture closure early closure of the sagittal suture of the skull; premature closure of this suture results in a long, narrow, and boat-shaped skull (scaphocephaly) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030355 absent lambdoid suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003841 abnormal lambdoid suture morphology failure to form the dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the superior border of the occipital bone and the posterior borders of the right and left parietal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030356 premature lambdoid suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000081 premature cranial suture closure early closure of the lambdoid suture of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030357 wide lambdoid suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030029 wide cranial sutures an abnormally increased width of the lambdoid suture for age-related norms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030358 premature squamoparietal suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000081 premature cranial suture closure early closure of the squamoparietal suture of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030359 cranial suture sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology an increased density in one or more cranial sutures following obliteration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030360 coronal suture sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030359 cranial suture sclerosis an increased density in the coronal suture following obliteration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030361 lambdoid suture sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030359 cranial suture sclerosis an increased density in the lambdoid suture following obliteration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030362 sagittal suture sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030359 cranial suture sclerosis an increased density in the sagittal suture following obliteration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030364 abnormal posterior fontanelle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000084 abnormal fontanelle morphology any structural anomaly of the triangle-shaped membranous interval between the pair of parietal bones and the occipital bone; it is located at the lambda, at the junction between the sagittal suture and the lambdoid suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030365 abnormal sphenoid fontanelle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000084 abnormal fontanelle morphology any structural anomaly of the small membranous interval located on the side of the skull, at the site of apposition of the frontal, parietal, and squamous part of the temporal bone and sphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030366 abnormal mastoid fontanelle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000084 abnormal fontanelle morphology any structural anomaly of the small membranous interval between the posterolateral angle of the parietal bone and the mastoid regions of the temporal and occipital bones in the developing skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030367 premature metopic suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000081 premature cranial suture closure early closure of the metopic suture of the skull; premature closure of this suture compromises the transverse growth of both the frontal bones and can cause a narrow, triangular shaped forehead (trigonocephaly) that is associated with orbital hypotelorism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030368 trigonocephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape presence of a wedge-shaped, or triangular head, with the apex of the triangle at the midline of the forehead and the base of the triangle at the occiput; trigonocephaly can be caused by premature fusion of the metopic suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030369 abnormal jugum limitans morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003842 abnormal metopic suture morphology any structural anomaly of the bony ridge that, in rodents, runs paracoronally and divides the metopic (interfrontal) suture transversely into the anterior and posterior frontal sutures; it is a landmark between the posterior and anterior frontal sutures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030370 absent jugum limitans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030369 abnormal jugum limitans morphology missing the bony ridge that, in rodents, runs paracoronally and divides the metopic (interfrontal) suture transversely into the anterior and posterior frontal sutures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030371 delayed sagittal suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010743 delayed cranial suture closure late onset of fusion of the sagittal suture of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030372 enlarged Meckel's cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005587 abnormal Meckel's cartilage morphology increased size of the cartilage bar in the mandibular arch that forms a temporary supporting structure in the embryonic mandible and gives rise to middle ear bones and sphenomandibular and anterior malleolar ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030373 Meckel's cartilage hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030372 enlarged Meckel's cartilage increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the Meckel's cartilage, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030374 Meckel's cartilage hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030026 small Meckel's cartilage decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the Meckel's cartilage, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030498 abnormal dental lamina morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development any structural anomaly of the U-shaped stripe of thickened oral epithelium marking the future tooth row; the primary dental lamina is the earliest morphological structure of the tooth formed in the embryo; local thickenings of the dental lamina from which individual teeth are initiated are known as tooth placodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030499 conical tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology a peg-shaped (coniform) tooth whose sides converge or taper together incisally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030500 conical molar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030499 conical tooth a molar tooth whose sides converge or taper together incisally forming a peg-shaped (coniform) crown http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030502 abnormal incisive foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of any oral opening of the nasopalatine (incisive) canal; it is located in the maxilla in the incisive fossa, midline in the palate posterior to the central incisors, at the junction of the medial palatine and incisive sutures; it can be single or multiple; it transmits the greater palatine artery and vein from the oral to the nasal cavity and the nasopalatine nerve in the opposite direction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030503 abnormal tooth neck morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology any structural anomaly of the slightly constricted part of a tooth between the crown and the root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030506 abnormal dental follicle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development any structural anomaly of the loose ectomesenchyme-derived connective tissue sac that surrounds the enamel organ and the dental papilla of the developing tooth germ before eruption; it is believed that this tissue contains stem cells and lineage-committed progenitor cells or precursor cells for cementoblasts, periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and osteoblasts; dental follicle cells form the PDL by differentiating into PDL fibroblasts that secrete collagen and interact with fibers on the surface of adjacent bone and cementum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030507 abnormal dental papilla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development any structural anomaly of the condensation of ectomesenchymal cells called odontoblasts seen in histologic sections of a developing tooth; the dental papilla lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ and differentiates into the dentin and dental pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020584 decreased corpus callosum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020574 abnormal corpus callosum cell density decrease in the density of cells (mainly oligodendrocytes) of the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020585 increased corpus callosum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020574 abnormal corpus callosum cell density increase in the density of cells (mainly oligodendrocytes) of the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020586 abnormal corpus callosum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000780 abnormal corpus callosum morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020587 abnormal corpus callosum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000780 abnormal corpus callosum morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the corpus callosum divided by the total number of cells present in the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020588 increased corpus callosum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020587 abnormal corpus callosum average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020589 decreased corpus callosum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020587 abnormal corpus callosum average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020590 decreased corpus callosum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020586 abnormal corpus callosum total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells in the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020591 increased corpus callosum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020586 abnormal corpus callosum total cell area increase in the total area of all cells in the corpus callosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020592 abnormal cerebral cortex cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020593 increased cerebral cortex cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020592 abnormal cerebral cortex cell number increase in the number of cells of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020594 decreased cerebral cortex cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020592 abnormal cerebral cortex cell number decrease in the number of cells of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020595 abnormal cerebral cortex total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020596 decreased cerebral cortex total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020595 abnormal cerebral cortex total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020597 increased cerebral cortex total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020595 abnormal cerebral cortex total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020598 abnormal cerebral cortex cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020599 increased cerebral cortex cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020598 abnormal cerebral cortex cell density increase of the density of cells of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020600 decreased cerebral cortex cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020598 abnormal cerebral cortex cell density decrease of the density of cells of the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020601 abnormal cerebral cortex average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cerebral cortex divided by the total number of cells present in the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020602 decreased cerebral cortex average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020601 abnormal cerebral cortex average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020603 increased cerebral cortex average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020601 abnormal cerebral cortex average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020604 abnormal thalamus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020605 increased thalamus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020604 abnormal thalamus cell number increase in the number of cells in the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020606 decreased thalamus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020604 abnormal thalamus cell number decrease in the number of cells of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020607 abnormal thalamus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020608 decreased thalamus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020607 abnormal thalamus total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020609 increased thalamus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020607 abnormal thalamus total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020610 abnormal thalamus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020611 increased thalamus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020610 abnormal thalamus cell density increase of the density of cells of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020612 decreased thalamus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020610 abnormal thalamus cell density decrease of the density of cells of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020613 abnormal thalamus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000832 abnormal thalamus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the thalamus divided by the total number of cells present in the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020614 decreased thalamus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020613 abnormal thalamus average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020615 increased thalamus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020613 abnormal thalamus average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020616 abnormal dorsal striatum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004102 abnormal dorsal striatum morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020617 decreased dorsal striatum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020616 abnormal dorsal striatum cell number decrease in the number of cells of the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020618 increased dorsal striatum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020616 abnormal dorsal striatum cell number increase in the number of cells of the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020619 abnormal dorsal striatum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004102 abnormal dorsal striatum morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020620 increased dorsal striatum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020619 abnormal dorsal striatum total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020621 decreased dorsal striatum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020619 abnormal dorsal striatum total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020622 abnormal dorsal striatum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004102 abnormal dorsal striatum morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020623 increased dorsal striatum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020622 abnormal dorsal striatum cell density increase of the density of cells of the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020624 decreased dorsal striatum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020622 abnormal dorsal striatum cell density decrease of the density of cells of the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020625 abnormal dorsal striatum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004102 abnormal dorsal striatum morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the dorsal striatum divided by the total number of cells present in the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020626 decreased dorsal striatum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020625 abnormal dorsal striatum average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020627 increased dorsal striatum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020625 abnormal dorsal striatum average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020628 abnormal hippocampus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020629 decreased hippocampus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020628 abnormal hippocampus cell number decrease in the number of cells of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020630 increased hippocampus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020628 abnormal hippocampus cell number increase in the number of cells of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020631 abnormal hippocampus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020632 decreased hippocampus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020631 abnormal hippocampus total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020633 increased hippocampus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020631 abnormal hippocampus total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020634 abnormal hippocampus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020635 decreased hippocampus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020634 abnormal hippocampus cell density decrease of the density of cells of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020636 increased hippocampus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020634 abnormal hippocampus cell density increase of the density of cells of the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020637 abnormal hippocampus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000807 abnormal hippocampus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the hippocampus divided by the total number of cells present in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020638 decreased hippocampus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020637 abnormal hippocampus average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020639 increased hippocampus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020637 abnormal hippocampus average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020640 abnormal hippocampal fimbria cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020641 decreased hippocampal fimbria cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020640 abnormal hippocampal fimbria cell number decrease in the number of cells of the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020642 increased hippocampal fimbria cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020640 abnormal hippocampal fimbria cell number increase in the number of cells of the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020643 abnormal hippocampal fimbria total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020644 decreased hippocampal fimbria total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020643 abnormal hippocampal fimbria total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020645 increased hippocampal fimbria total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020643 abnormal hippocampal fimbria total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020646 abnormal hippocampal fimbria cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020647 decreased hippocampal fimbria cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020646 abnormal hippocampal fimbria cell density decrease of the density of cells of the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020648 increased hippocampal fimbria cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020646 abnormal hippocampal fimbria cell density increase of the density of cells of the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020649 abnormal hippocampal fimbria average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the hippocampal fimbria divided by the total number of cells present in the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020650 decreased hippocampal fimbria average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020649 abnormal hippocampal fimbria average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020651 increased hippocampal fimbria average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020649 abnormal hippocampal fimbria average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the hippocampal fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020652 abnormal anterior commissure cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020653 decreased anterior commissure cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020652 abnormal anterior commissure cell number decrease in the number of cells of the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020654 increased anterior commissure cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020652 abnormal anterior commissure cell number increase in the number of cells of the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020655 abnormal anterior commissure total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020656 decreased anterior commissure total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020655 abnormal anterior commissure total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020657 increased anterior commissure total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020655 abnormal anterior commissure total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020658 abnormal anterior commissure cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020659 decreased anterior commissure cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020658 abnormal anterior commissure cell density decrease of the density of cells of the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020660 increased anterior commissure cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020658 abnormal anterior commissure cell density increase of the density of cells of the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020661 abnormal anterior commissure average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008225 abnormal anterior commissure morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the anterior commissure divided by the total number of cells present in the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020662 decreased anterior commissure average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020661 abnormal anterior commissure average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020663 increased anterior commissure average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020661 abnormal anterior commissure average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020664 abnormal stria medullaris cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020552 abnormal stria medullaris morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020665 decreased stria medullaris cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020664 abnormal stria medullaris cell number decrease in the number of cells of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020666 increased stria medullaris cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020664 abnormal stria medullaris cell number increase in the number of cells of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020667 abnormal stria medullaris total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020552 abnormal stria medullaris morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020668 decreased stria medullaris total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020667 abnormal stria medullaris total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020669 increased stria medullaris total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020667 abnormal stria medullaris total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020670 abnormal stria medullaris cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020552 abnormal stria medullaris morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020671 decreased stria medullaris cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020670 abnormal stria medullaris cell density decrease of the density of cells of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020672 increased stria medullaris cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020670 abnormal stria medullaris cell density increase of the density of cells of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020673 abnormal stria medullaris average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020552 abnormal stria medullaris morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the stria medullaris divided by the total number of cells present in the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020674 decreased stria medullaris average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020673 abnormal stria medullaris average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020675 increased stria medullaris average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020673 abnormal stria medullaris average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020676 abnormal hippocampal fornix cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003006 abnormal hippocampal fornix morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020677 decreased hippocampal fornix cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020676 abnormal hippocampal fornix cell number decrease in the number of cells of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020678 increased hippocampal fornix cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020676 abnormal hippocampal fornix cell number increase in the number of cells of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020679 abnormal hippocampal fornix total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003006 abnormal hippocampal fornix morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020680 decreased hippocampal fornix total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020679 abnormal hippocampal fornix total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020681 increased hippocampal fornix total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020679 abnormal hippocampal fornix total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020682 abnormal hippocampal fornix cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003006 abnormal hippocampal fornix morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020683 decreased hippocampal fornix cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020682 abnormal hippocampal fornix cell density decrease of the density of cells of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020684 increased hippocampal fornix cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020682 abnormal hippocampal fornix cell density increase of the density of cells of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020685 abnormal hippocampal fornix average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003006 abnormal hippocampal fornix morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the hippocampal fornix divided by the total number of cells present in the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020686 decreased hippocampal fornix average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020685 abnormal hippocampal fornix average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020687 increased hippocampal fornix average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020685 abnormal hippocampal fornix average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020688 abnormal optic chiasm cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009770 abnormal optic chiasm morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020689 decreased optic chiasm cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020688 abnormal optic chiasm cell number decrease in the number of cells of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020690 increased optic chiasm cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020688 abnormal optic chiasm cell number increase in the number of cells of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020691 abnormal optic chiasm total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009770 abnormal optic chiasm morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020692 decreased optic chiasm total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020691 abnormal optic chiasm total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020693 increased optic chiasm total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020691 abnormal optic chiasm total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020694 abnormal optic chiasm cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009770 abnormal optic chiasm morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020695 decreased optic chiasm cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020694 abnormal optic chiasm cell density decrease of the density of cells of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020696 increased optic chiasm cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020694 abnormal optic chiasm cell density increase of the density of cells of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020697 abnormal optic chiasm average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009770 abnormal optic chiasm morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the optic chiasm divided by the total number of cells present in the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020698 decreased optic chiasm average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020697 abnormal optic chiasm average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020699 increased optic chiasm average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020697 abnormal optic chiasm average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020700 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020556 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020701 decreased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020700 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell number decrease in the number of cells of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020702 increased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020700 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell number increase in the number of cells of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020703 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020556 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020704 decreased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020703 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020705 increased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020703 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020706 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020556 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020707 decreased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020706 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell density decrease of the density of cells of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020708 increased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020706 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus cell density increase of the density of cells of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020709 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020556 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus divided by the total number of cells present in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020710 decreased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020709 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020711 increased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020709 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020712 abnormal pontine nuclei cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020560 abnormal pontine nuclei morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020713 decreased pontine nuclei cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020712 abnormal pontine nuclei cell number decrease in the number of cells of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020714 increased pontine nuclei cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020712 abnormal pontine nuclei cell number increase in the number of cells of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020715 abnormal pontine nuclei total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020560 abnormal pontine nuclei morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020716 decreased pontine nuclei total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020715 abnormal pontine nuclei total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020717 increased pontine nuclei total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020715 abnormal pontine nuclei total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020718 abnormal pontine nuclei cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020560 abnormal pontine nuclei morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020719 decreased pontine nuclei cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020718 abnormal pontine nuclei cell density decrease of the density of cells of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020720 increased pontine nuclei cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020718 abnormal pontine nuclei cell density increase of the density of cells of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020721 abnormal pontine nuclei average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020560 abnormal pontine nuclei morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the pontine nuclei divided by the total number of cells present in the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020722 decreased pontine nuclei average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020721 abnormal pontine nuclei average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020723 increased pontine nuclei average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020721 abnormal pontine nuclei average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110110 positive regulation of animal organ morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110111 negative regulation of animal organ morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110113 positive regulation of lipid transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110112 regulation of lipid transporter activity Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of lipid transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140231 anterograde axonal transport of neurotransmitter receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099641 anterograde axonal protein transport The directed movement of a neurotransmitter receptor complex along microtubules from the cell body toward the cell periphery in nerve cell axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030771 decreased urine adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030767 decreased urine catecholamine level a reduced amount of adrenaline in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020862 increased cornea fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020860 abnormal cornea physiology increase in the susceptibility of the cornea to damage or rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020873 abnormal arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020872 abnormal hypothalamic nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of the aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus, adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030932 hypopyon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005205 abnormal eye anterior chamber morphology an accumulation of pus or white blood cells in the anterior chamber of the eye, appearing as a whitish or gray fluid between the cornea and the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030933 hyphema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006203 eye hemorrhage hemorrhage within the anterior chamber of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030934 decreased primordial germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008390 abnormal primordial germ cell proliferation reduced ability of a primordial germ cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030935 increased primordial germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011610 abnormal primordial germ cell apoptosis increase in the number of primordial germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020874 abnormal nervous system dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001905 abnormal dopamine level aberrant concentration of dopamine in the one or more tissues or fluids of the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020875 decreased nervous system dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020874 abnormal nervous system dopamine level reduced concentration of dopamine in the one or more tissues or fluids of the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020876 increased nervous system dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020874 abnormal nervous system dopamine level elevated concentration of dopamine in the one or more tissues or fluids of the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020877 decreased circulating dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005643 decreased dopamine level less than the normal blood amount of dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150105 protein localization to cell-cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902414 protein localization to cell junction A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained, in a location within a cell-cell junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030967 abnormal circulating adiponectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004891 abnormal adiponectin level any anomaly in the blood concentration of a protein hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis and metabolism of lipids; it is normally produced by adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030968 decreased circulating adiponectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030967 abnormal circulating adiponectin level less than the normal concentration in the blood of a protein hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis and metabolism of lipids; it is normally produced by adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030969 increased circulating adiponectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030967 abnormal circulating adiponectin level greater than the normal concentration in the blood of a protein hormone that regulates glucose homeostasis and metabolism of lipids; it is normally produced by adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030971 ketoacidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030970 ketosis acidosis resulting from accumulation of ketone bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030972 increased myoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of myoblasts undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030973 impaired gluconeogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003383 abnormal gluconeogenesis reduction in the rate of formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030974 enhanced gluconeogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003383 abnormal gluconeogenesis increase in the rate of formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype abnormal enlargement of one or more visceral organs (internal organs enclosed in a cavity) of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_173085 ferroptosis inducer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role Any substance that induces or promotes ferroptosis (a type of programmed cell death dependent on iron and characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides) in organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120305 regulation of pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition or modulates the distribution of coloring matter in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500111 intersphenoid suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009199 facial suture A suture joining the basisphenoid bone and the presphenoid bone of a sphenoid bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031443 abnormal tongue position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology atypical location or placement of the tongue in the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031442 enlarged cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005537 abnormal cerebral aqueduct morphology increased size of the channel in the mesencephalon that connects the third and fourth ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031444 glossoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031443 abnormal tongue position downward or posterior displacement of the tongue toward the pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031445 midline cleft upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005170 cleft upper lip a vertical cleft through the center of the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031446 non-midline cleft upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005170 cleft upper lip a cleft of the upper lip affecting the lateral portions rather than the center (midline/median region) of the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031447 unilateral cleft upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031446 non-midline cleft upper lip a non-midline cleft occurring on only one side of the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031448 bilateral cleft upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031446 non-midline cleft upper lip a non-midline cleft occurring on both sides of the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021215 abnormal palatal mesenchymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009653 abnormal palate development any anomaly in the ability of the cranial neural crest derived mesenchymal cells located in the palate to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021216 abnormal palatal mesenchymal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009653 abnormal palate development atypical formation of or inability to produce the cranial neural crest derived mesenchymal cells located in the palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021217 abnormal palatal shelf bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031460 abnormal palatal shelf morphology any anomaly in the ossification of the the osteogenic blastemata of the palatal processes of the maxillary and palatine bones formed in the mesenchyme of the hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033017 bronchiolar smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019019 tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of a bronchiole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014274 decreased respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration decrease in the movement of gases into and out of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031501 abnormal mouth shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the mouth of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014297 abnormal cochlea size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology anomaly in the size of the spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600023 placental villous stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A stroma that is part of a chorionic villus (placental villus). A placental villous stroma supports the fetal capillaries and villous trophoblast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600034 jejunum lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001238 lamina propria of small intestine A lamina propria that is part of a jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600035 ileum lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001238 lamina propria of small intestine A lamina propria that is part of an ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600039 chorionic villous mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010377 mesenchyme from somatopleure A mesenchyme that is part of a chorionic villus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600042 endometrial lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A lymphatic vessel that is part of an endometrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_131604 Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76969 bacterial metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Mycoplasma genitalium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15705 L-alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid Any alpha-amino acid having L-configuration at the alpha-carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670 peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide Amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. X = OH, OR, NH2, NHR, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16708 adenine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_20706 6-aminopurines The parent compound of the 6-aminopurines, composed of a purine having an amino group at C-6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36586 carbonyl compound A compound in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms: R2C=O (neither R may be H). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17120 hexanoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78116 fatty acid anion 6:0 A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexanoic acid (also known as caproic acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17568 uracil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38337 pyrimidone A common and naturally occurring pyrimidine nucleobase in which the pyrimidine ring is substituted with two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4. Found in RNA, it base pairs with adenine and replaces thymine during DNA transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17859 glutaric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_189840 dicarboxylic fatty acid An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is a linear five-carbon dicarboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18357 (R)-noradrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33569 noradrenaline The R-enantiomer of noradrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_20706 6-aminopurines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22527 aminopurine Any compound having 6-aminopurine (adenine) as part of its structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21644 N-acyl-L-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51569 N-acyl-amino acid Any N-acylamino acid having L-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21731 N-glycosyl compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a nitrogen atom, thus creating a C-N bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22160 acetamides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide Compounds with the general formula RNHC(=O)CH3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22315 alkaloid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any of the naturally occurring, basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom, but also found in bacteria, fungi, and animals. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are also classed as alkaloids. Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. Compounds in which the nitrogen is exocyclic (dopamine, mescaline, serotonin, etc.) are usually classed as amines rather than alkaloids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22586 antioxidant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22712 benzenes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33836 benzenoid aromatic compound Any benzenoid aromatic compound consisting of the benzene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22723 benzoic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33859 aromatic carboxylic acid Any aromatic carboxylic acid that consists of benzene in which at least a single hydrogen has been substituted by a carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24373 glycine derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83811 proteinogenic amino acid derivative A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of glycine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24780 imidazoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23677 diazole A five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24828 indoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22728 benzopyrrole Any compound containing an indole skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24995 lactam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide Cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25384 monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid An oxoacid containing a single carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25697 organic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation Any organic ion with a net positive charge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25985 phenylalanine derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of alanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of phenylalanine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing phenylalanine residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26273 proline derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of proline by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing proline residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27093 tricarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid An oxoacid containing three carboxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27162 tryptamines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24828 indoles Tryptamine and its substitution derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29347 monocarboxylic acid amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide A carboxamide derived from a monocarboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29348 fatty amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29347 monocarboxylic acid amide A monocarboxylic acid amide derived from a fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32877 primary amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50994 primary amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one hydrogen atom by a hydrocarbyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 vitamin (role) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27027 micronutrient A biochemical role played by any micronutrient that is an organic compound. Vitamins are present in foods in small amounts and are essential to normal metabolism and biochemical functions, usually as coenzymes. The term "vitamines" (from vita + amines) was coined in 1912 by Casimir Funk, who believed that these compounds were amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33281 antimicrobial agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33282 antibacterial agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33281 antimicrobial agent A substance (or active part thereof) that kills or slows the growth of bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33308 carboxylic ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester An ester of a carboxylic acid, R(1)C(=O)OR(2), where R(1) = H or organyl and R(2) = organyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33551 organosulfonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64709 organic acid An organic derivative of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion An amino-acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any alpha-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid A carbon oxoacid acid carrying at least one -C(=O)OH group and having the structure RC(=O)OH, where R is any any monovalent functional group. Carboxylic acids are the most common type of organic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid An amino acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position alpha to the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33706 beta-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83820 non-proteinogenic amino acid A non-proteinogenic amino acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position beta to the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33853 phenols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound Organic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33859 aromatic carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33860 aromatic amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound An amino compound in which the amino group is linked directly to an aromatic system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33702 polyatomic cation A derivative of ammonium, NH4(+), in which one (or more) of the hydrogens bonded to the nitrogen have been replaced with univalent organyl groups. The substituting carbon of the organyl group must not itself be directly attached to a heteroatom (thereby excluding protonated amides, hemiaminals, etc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51143 nitrogen molecular entity Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25384 monocarboxylic acid Any aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax. Natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons (usually unbranched and even-numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated. By extension, the term is sometimes used to embrace all acyclic aliphatic carboxylic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35441 antiinfective agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of infectious diseases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms involving the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35472 anti-inflammatory drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35480 analgesic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role An agent capable of relieving pain without the loss of consciousness or without producing anaesthesia. In addition, analgesic is a role played by a compound which is exhibited by a capability to cause a reduction of pain symptoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35488 central nervous system depressant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug A loosely defined group of drugs that tend to reduce the activity of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35489 organic disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343 disulfide Compounds of structure RSSR in which R and R' are organic groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35610 antineoplastic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35620 vasodilator agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35554 cardiovascular drug A drug used to cause dilation of the blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35623 anticonvulsant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35488 central nervous system depressant A drug used to prevent seizures or reduce their severity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35681 secondary alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879 alcohol A secondary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has two other carbon atoms attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35703 xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35718 antifungal agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33281 antimicrobial agent An antimicrobial agent that destroys fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36586 carbonyl compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Any compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O. The term is commonly used in the restricted sense of aldehydes and ketones, although it actually includes carboxylic acids and derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37581 gamma-lactone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25000 lactone A lactone having a five-membered lactone ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33256 primary amide An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38104 oxacycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38325 muscarinic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38324 cholinergic agonist Any drug that binds to and activates a muscarinic cholinergic receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38958 indole alkaloid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22315 alkaloid An alkaloid containing an indole skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38976 alkylbenzene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33847 monocyclic arene A monocyclic arene that is benzene substituted with one or more alkyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39447 pyrimidines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38313 diazines Any compound having a pyrimidine as part of its structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48901 thiazoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_68452 azole An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains a N atom and one S atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50267 protective agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug Synthetic or natural substance which is given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the process of treating a disease or injury due to a poisonous agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50514 vasoconstrictor agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35554 cardiovascular drug Drug used to cause constriction of the blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity Any molecular entity that contains carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50903 carcinogenic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52209 aetiopathogenetic role A role played by a chemical compound which is known to induce a process of carcinogenesis by corrupting normal cellular pathways, leading to the acquistion of tumoral capabilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50996 tertiary amino compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50047 organic amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51569 N-acyl-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with the amino group of an amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51689 enone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51721 alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone An alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)R(4) (R(4) =/= H) in which the C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52214 ligand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role Any molecule or ion capable of binding to a central metal atom to form coordination complexes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_55370 imidazolidinone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38261 imidazolidines An imidazolidine containing one or more oxo groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60027 polymer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60004 mixture A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60004 mixture A racemate is an equimolar mixture of a pair of enantiomers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62868 hepatoprotective agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50267 protective agent Any compound that is able to prevent damage to the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63367 monosaccharide derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63726 neuroprotective agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50267 protective agent Any compound that can be used for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64611 ether lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52575 alkylglycerol A lipid similar in structure to a glycerolipid but in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_68495 apoptosis inducer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role Any substance that induces the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in multi-celled organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75767 animal metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in animals that include diverse creatures from sponges, insects to mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75771 mouse metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75768 mammalian metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76924 plant metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76946 fungal metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in fungi, the kingdom that includes microorganisms such as the yeasts and moulds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76971 Escherichia coli metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76969 bacterial metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78298 environmental contaminant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78840 olefinic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any organic molecular entity that contains at least one C=C bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83925 non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid Any alpha-amino acid which is not a member of the group of 23 proteinogenic amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16330 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_85278 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16973 11-deoxycorticosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139590 primary alpha-hydroxy ketone A mineralocorticoid that is progesterone substituted at position 21 by a hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17418 valeric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39418 straight-chain saturated fatty acid A straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23354 coenzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23357 cofactor A low-molecular-weight, non-protein organic compound participating in enzymatic reactions as dissociable acceptor or donor of chemical groups or electrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35875 imidazopyrimidine A class of imidazopyrimidines that consists of purine and its substituted derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27136 triol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26191 polyol A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27314 water-soluble vitamin (role) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 vitamin (role) Any vitamin that dissolves in water and readily absorbed into tissues for immediate use. Unlike the fat-soluble vitamins, they are not stored in the body and need to be replenished regularly in the diet and will rarely accumulate to toxic levels since they are quickly excreted from the body via urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30772 butyric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_140601 fatty acid 4:0 A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33655 aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35692 dicarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37808 butane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity A straight chain alkane composed of 4 carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290 L-ascorbate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176783 vitamin C The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50994 primary amino compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50047 organic amino compound A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one hydrogen atom by an organyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64577 flour treatment agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive which is added to flour or dough to improve baking quality and/or colour. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65256 antimicrobial food preservative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33281 antimicrobial agent A food preservative which prevents decomposition of food by preventing the growth of fungi or bacteria. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted food preservatives are from E200 to E299, divided into sorbates (E200-209), benzoates (E210-219), sulfites (E220-229), phenols and formates (E230-239), nitrates (E240-259), acetates (E260-269), lactates (E270-279), propionates (E280-289) and others (E290-299). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in eukaryotes, the taxon that include members of the fungi, plantae and animalia kingdoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76969 bacterial metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75787 prokaryotic metabolite Any prokaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77962 food antioxidant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22586 antioxidant An antioxidant that used as a food additives to help guard against food deterioration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84735 algal metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in algae including unicellular organisms like chlorella and diatoms to multicellular organisms like giant kelps and brown algae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15778 N-acyl-D-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51569 N-acyl-amino acid Any N-acyl-amino acid in which the amino acid moiety has D configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16856 glutathione http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47923 tripeptide A tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17761 ceramide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26739 sphingolipid Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or monounsaturated with chain lengths from 14 to 26 carbon atoms; the presence of a hydroxyl group on carbon 2 is fairly common. Ceramides are generally precursors of more complex sphingolipids. In the illustrated generalised structure, R(1) = OH, OX (where X = acyl, glycosyl, phosphate, phosphonate, etc.), or H. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25435 mutagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50902 genotoxin An agent that increases the frequency of mutations above the normal background level, usually by interacting directly with DNA and causing it damage, including base substitution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33497 transition element molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a transition element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35287 acylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35267 quaternary ammonium ion A choline ester formed from choline and a carboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53000 epitope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role The biological role played by a material entity when bound by a receptor of the adaptive immune system. Specific site on an antigen to which an antibody binds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_12777 vitamin A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26537 retinoid Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15355 acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35287 acylcholine Actylcholine is an ester of acetic acid and choline, which acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15897 N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167098 N-(fatty acyl)-ethanolamine Any N-acylethanolamine in which the acyl group has a chain length of C12 or greater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16953 N-acetyl-L-aspartate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59874 N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion A doubly-charged N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion resulting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17522 alditol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16646 carbohydrate A carbohydrate that is an acyclic polyol having the general formula HOCH2[CH(OH)]nCH2OH (formally derivable from an aldose by reduction of the carbonyl group). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18132 phosphocholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36700 phosphocholines The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18133 hexose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35381 monosaccharide Any six-carbon monosaccharide which in its linear form contains either an aldehyde group at position 1 (aldohexose) or a ketone group at position 2 (ketohexose). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24020 fat-soluble vitamin (role) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 vitamin (role) Any vitamin that dissolves in fats and are stored in body tissues. Unlike the water-soluble vitamins, they are stored in the body for long periods of time and generally pose a greater risk for toxicity when consumed in excess. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26537 retinoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23849 diterpenoid Oxygenated derivatives of 3,7-dimethyl-1-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)nona-1,3,5,7-tetraene and derivatives thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28790 serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25375 monoamine molecular messenger A primary amino compound that is the 5-hydroxy derivative of tryptamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30751 formic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25384 monocarboxylic acid The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35381 monosaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16646 carbohydrate Parent monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H-[CHOH]n-C(=O)[CHOH]m-H with three or more carbon atoms. The generic term 'monosaccharide' (as opposed to oligosaccharide or polysaccharide) denotes a single unit, without glycosidic connection to other such units. It includes aldoses, dialdoses, aldoketoses, ketoses and diketoses, as well as deoxy sugars, provided that the parent compound has a (potential) carbonyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35523 bronchodilator agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug An agent that causes an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38070 anti-arrhythmia drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35554 cardiovascular drug A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57560 long-chain fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion A fatty acid anion with a chain length of C13 to C22. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61115 EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76807 EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor An EC 3.5.1.* (non-peptide linear amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the function of histone deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.98). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15966 D-glutamic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16733 D-alpha-amino acid An optically active form of glutamic acid having D-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16015 L-glutamic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid An optically active form of glutamic acid having L-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541 protein polypeptide chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15841 polypeptide A naturally occurring polypeptide synthesized at the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16742 orotic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26447 pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17053 L-aspartic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17364 D-aspartic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16733 D-alpha-amino acid The D-enantiomer of aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21501 N-acetyl-D-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21575 N-acetyl-amino acid An N-acetyl-amino acid having D-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21547 N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21647 N-acyl-L-aspartic acid An N-acyl-L-aspartic acid in which the acyl group is specified as acetyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21575 N-acetyl-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22195 acetyl-amino acid An N-acyl-amino acid that has acetyl as the acyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21654 N-acyl-aspartic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35692 dicarboxylic acid An aspartic acid derivative that is aspartic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group is replaced by an acyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22195 acetyl-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative Any amino acid derivative that is the N-acetyl or O-acetyl derivative of an amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22658 aspartate family amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is L-aspartic acid or any of the essential amino acids biosynthesised from it (asparagine, lysine, methionine, threonine and isoleucine). A closed class. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23965 estradiol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_177917 phenolic steroid A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24261 glucocorticoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36699 corticosteroid hormone Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate a variety of physiological processes, in particular control of the concentration of glucose in blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24318 glutamine family amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid An L-alpha-amino acid which is L-glutamic acid or any of the essential amino acids biosynthesised from it (glutamine, proline and arginine). A closed class. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24669 hydroxy carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid with at least one hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24837 inorganic peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24836 inorganic oxide Compounds of structure ROOR' in which R and R' are inorganic groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24996 lactate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36059 hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of lactic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25094 lysine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25354 mineralocorticoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36699 corticosteroid hormone Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate water and electrolyte metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25375 monoamine molecular messenger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63534 monoamine A group of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25608 nucleoside phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester A nucleobase-containing molecular entity that is a nucleoside in which one or more of the sugar hydroxy groups has been converted into a mono- or poly-phosphate. The term includes both nucleotides and non-nucleotide nucleoside phosphates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26078 phosphoric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59698 phosphoric acids A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of one oxo and three hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central phosphorus atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26271 proline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26523 reactive oxygen species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25806 oxygen molecular entity Molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26743 sphing-4-enine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46964 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26822 sulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity Any sulfur molecular entity that involves either covalently bonded or anionic sulfur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26986 threonine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38263 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27266 valine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27570 histidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27897 tryptophan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38631 aminoalkylindole An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28044 phenylalanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28300 glutamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28859 5alpha-androstane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35509 androstane The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28938 ammonium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50313 onium cation An onium cation obtained by protonation of ammonia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29016 arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24436 guanidines An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29988 L-glutamate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59814 L-alpha-amino acid anion An L-alpha-amino acid anion that is the dianion obtained by the deprotonation of the both the carboxy groups of L-glutamic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29993 L-aspartate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29995 aspartate(2-) An aspartate(2-) that is the conjugate base of L-aspartate(1-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30860 methylmalonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_66873 C4-dicarboxylic acid A dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32439 alaninate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of alanine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32440 alaninium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of alanine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32449 D-cysteinate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32456 cysteinate(1-) The D-enantiomer of cysteinate(1-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32451 D-cysteinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32458 cysteinium The D-enantiomer of cysteinium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32644 methioninate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63470 sulfur-containing amino-acid anion A sulfur-containing amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of methionine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32646 methioninium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation A sulfur-containing amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of methionine, arising from protonation of the amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32970 2-aminoethanesulfonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62081 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate A 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate that is ethanesulfonate substituted by an amino group at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33256 primary amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32988 amide A derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33287 fertilizer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33286 agrochemical A fertilizer is any substance that is added to soil or water to assist the growth of plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33295 diagnostic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical A substance administered to aid diagnosis of a disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33405 hydracid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33608 hydrogen molecular entity A hydracid is a compound which contains hydrogen that is not bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33457 phosphorus oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33408 pnictogen oxoacid A pnictogen oxoacid which contains phosphorus and oxygen, at least one hydrogen atom bound to oxygen, and forms an ion by the loss of one or more protons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33576 sulfur-containing carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid Any carboxylic acid having a sulfur substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33837 conjugated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 protein Conjugated protein is a protein that contains a non-peptide component, usually in stoichiometric proportion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33839 macromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33942 ribose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33916 aldopentose Any aldopentose where the open-chain form has all the hydroxy groups on the same side in the Fischer projection. Occurrs in two enantiomeric forms, D- and L-ribose, of which only the former is found in nature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3424 carnitinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35267 quaternary ammonium ion A quaternary ammonium ion that is the the conjugate acid of carnitine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35230 fossil fuel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33292 fuel A fuel such as coal, oil and natural gas which has formed over many years through the decomposition of deposited vegetation which was under extreme pressure of an overburden of earth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35589 9H-purine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35584 purine The 9H-tautomer of purine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35808 citrate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36300 tricarboxylic acid dianion A tricarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of two of the three carboxy groups of citric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36009 omega-6 fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26208 polyunsaturated fatty acid A family of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have in common a final carbon-carbon double bond in the n-6 position, i.e., the sixth bond from the methyl end of the fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36306 icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36033 icosatetraenoic acid Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37395 mucopolysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18085 glycosaminoglycan Any of the group of polysaccharides composed of alternating units from uronic acids and glycosamines, and commonly partially esterified with sulfuric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37739 glycerophospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35741 glycerolipid Any glycerolipid having a phosphate group ester-linked to a terminal carbon of the glycerol backbone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37962 adrenergic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35942 neurotransmitter agent Any agent that acts on an adrenergic receptor or affects the life cycle of an adrenergic transmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39418 straight-chain saturated fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59202 straight-chain fatty acid Any saturated fatty acid lacking a side-chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_422 (S)-lactic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78320 2-hydroxypropanoic acid An optically active form of lactic acid having (S)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_456216 ADP(3-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57930 nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) arising from deprotonation of all three diphosphate OH groups of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP); major species present at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46787 solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A liquid that can dissolve other substances (solutes) without any change in their chemical composition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46967 L-erythro-sphingosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46965 (2R,3S)-2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol A (2R,3S)-2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol in which the double bond has E geochemistry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46997 L-ribose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33942 ribose A ribose in which the chiral carbon atom furthest away from the aldehyde group (C4') has the same configuration as in L-glyceraldehyde. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47923 tripeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25676 oligopeptide Any oligopeptide that consists of three amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219 disinfectant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33281 antimicrobial agent An antimicrobial agent that is applied to non-living objects to destroy harmful microorganisms or to inhibit their activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48354 polar solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46787 solvent A solvent that is composed of polar molecules. Polar solvents can dissolve ionic compounds or ionisable covalent compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48560 dopaminergic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35942 neurotransmitter agent A drug used for its effects on dopamine receptors, on the life cycle of dopamine, or on the survival of dopaminergic neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49323 contraceptive drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50689 reproductive control drug A chemical substance that prevents or reduces the probability of conception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50513 mydriatic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug Agent that dilates the pupil. Used in eye diseases and to facilitate eye examination. It may be either a sympathomimetic or parasympatholytic. The latter cause cycloplegia or paralysis of accommodation at high doses and may precipitate glaucoma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50584 alkyl alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2571 aliphatic alcohol An aliphatic alcohol in which the aliphatic alkane chain is substituted by a hydroxy group at unspecified position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_507393 taurine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27369 zwitterion The zwitterion formed from taurine by transfer of a proton from the sulfonyl to the amino group. It is the major species existing at physiological pH. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50847 immunological adjuvant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50846 immunomodulator A substance that augments, stimulates, activates, potentiates, or modulates the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. A classical agent (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contains bacterial antigens. It could also be endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Its mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy is related to its antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57603 ethanolaminium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58001 primary aliphatic ammonium ion A primary aliphatic ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of ethanolamine arising from protonation of the primary amino function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57652 chondroitin D-glucuronate anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61469 polyanionic polymer Anionic form of chondroitin D-glucuronate arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid groups of the repeating units; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57756 sphingosine(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84410 sphingoid base(1+) The cationic sphingoid resulting from the protonation of the amino group of sphingosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57867 nucleoside 5'-phosphate dianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58945 organophosphate oxoanion The conjugate base of a nucleoside 5'-phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57887 tryptaminium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of tryptamine arising from protonation of the primary amino group; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57930 nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58945 organophosphate oxoanion Trianion of nucleoside diphosphate arising from deprotonation of all three free OH groups of the diphosphate; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57947 creatine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27369 zwitterion Zwitterionic form of creatine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the guanidino group; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57966 beta-alanine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of beta-alanine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57977 bilirubin(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59252 linear tetrapyrrole anion A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of the two carboxy groups of bilirubin; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58001 primary aliphatic ammonium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65296 primary ammonium ion The conjugate acid of a primary aliphatic amine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58954 straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58953 saturated fatty acid anion Any saturated fatty acid anion lacking a carbon side-chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59826 progestin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50745 progestogen A synthetic progestogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59871 D-alpha-amino acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of a D-alpha-amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59876 N-acyl-D-alpha-amino acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion The conjugate base of an N-acyl-D-alpha-amino acid arising from deprotonation of the C-1 carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59888 gamma-aminobutyric acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion Zwitterionic form of gamma-aminobutyric acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60240 divalent metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64641 divalent inorganic cation A metal cation with a valence of two. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60895 D-alpha-amino acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion Any alpha-amino acid anion in which the parent amino acid has D-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62764 reactive nitrogen species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51143 nitrogen molecular entity A family of nitrogen molecular entities which are highly reactive and derived from nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O2.(-)) produced via the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and NADPH oxidase respectively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63070 beta-alaninate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49095 beta-amino-acid anion A beta-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of beta-alanine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63490 explosive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A substance capable of undergoing rapid and highly exothermic decomposition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64365 aralkylamino compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50047 organic amino compound An organic amino compound in which an aminoalkyl group is linked to an arene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64558 methionine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of methionine; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64600 C21-steroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61313 C21-steroid A steroid compound with a structure based on a 21-carbon (pregnane) skeleton that acts as a hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_66916 alanine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of alanine; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_66924 creatinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of creatine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_70709 progesterone receptor agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51060 hormone agonist A hormone agonist that binds to and activates progesterone receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72813 exopolysaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33694 biomacromolecule A biomacromolecule composed of carbohydrate residues which is secreted by a microorganism into the surrounding environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77182 food colouring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive that imparts colour to food. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted food colours are from E 100 to E 199, divided into yellows (E 100-109), oranges (E 110-119), reds (E 120-129), blues and violets (E 130-139), greens (E 140-149), browns and blacks (E 150-159), and others (E 160-199). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78017 food propellant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76414 propellant A propellant that is used to expel foods from an aerosol container. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78116 fatty acid anion 6:0 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59558 medium-chain fatty acid anion Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 6 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52211 physiological role A physiological role played by any substance that is distributed in foodstuffs. It includes materials derived from plants or animals, such as vitamins or minerals, as well as environmental contaminants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78320 2-hydroxypropanoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49302 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78433 refrigerant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application A substance used in a thermodynamic heat pump cycle or refrigeration cycle that undergoes a phase change from a gas to a liquid and back. Refrigerants are used in air-conditioning systems and freezers or refrigerators and are assigned a "R" number (by ASHRAE - formerly the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers), which is determined systematically according to their molecular structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78444 EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76773 EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor Any EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that inhibits the action of carboxylesterase (EC 3.1.1.1 ). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78616 carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Any organooxygen compound that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone, or a compound derived from one. Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and usually have an empirical formula Cm(H2O)n; carbohydrate derivatives may contain other elements by substitution or condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79387 trivalent inorganic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24834 inorganic anion Any inorganic anion with a valency of three. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79389 monovalent inorganic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24834 inorganic anion Any inorganic anion with a valency of one. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83038 Daphnia galeata metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83057 Daphnia metabolite A Daphnia metabolite produced by the species Daphnia galeata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709 amino acid Any of the 23 alpha-amino acids that are precursors to proteins, and are incorporated into proteins during translation. The group includes the 20 amino acids encoded by the nuclear genes of eukaryotes together with selenocysteine, pyrrolysine, and N-formylmethionine. Apart from glycine, which is non-chiral, all have L configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_85046 skin lightening agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64857 cosmetic Any cosmetic used to lighten the colour of skin by reducing the concentration of melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_85278 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47788 3-oxo steroid A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87518 ADP(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58945 organophosphate oxoanion An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of two of the three diphosphate OH groups of adenosine 5'-diphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_1722 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36836 3beta-hydroxy steroid Any 3beta-hydroxy-steroid that contains a double bond between positions 5 and 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22695 base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A molecular entity having an available pair of electrons capable of forming a covalent bond with a hydron (Bronsted base) or with the vacant orbital of some other molecular entity (Lewis base). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23117 chlorine molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24471 halogen molecular entity A halogen molecular entity containing one or more atoms of chlorine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24329 glutarate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35693 dicarboxylic acid anion A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of glutaric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24632 hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33245 organic fundamental parent A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24864 iodothyronine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33853 phenols An iodoamino acid in which the amino acid specified is thyronine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24898 isoleucine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38264 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25223 methanesulfonate ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83347 organosulfonic ester An organosulfonic ester resulting from the formal condensation of methanesulfonic acid with the hydroxy group of an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26399 purine ribonucleoside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18254 ribonucleoside A ribonucleoside that has a purine moiety as the nucleobase (the R group in the illustration). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26739 sphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Sphingolipids are a complex family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26948 vitamin B1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63048 1,3-thiazolium cation Any member of the group of 1,3-thiazolium cations that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B1 deficiency in animals. Symptoms of vitamin B1 deficiency include constipation, loss of apetite, fatigue, nausea, delirium, blurry vision and muscle weakness. Severe vitamin B1 deficiency can also lead to a disease known as beriberi. Vitamin B1 consists of the vitamer thiamin and its acid, aldehyde and phosphorylated derivatives (and their corresponding ionized, salt and hydrate forms). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27226 uric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25810 oxopurine An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_295975 choline phosphate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58945 organophosphate oxoanion The organophosphate oxoanion formed from choline by removal of two protons from the phosphate group. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30660 thyroxine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24864 iodothyronine An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30861 methylmalonate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35695 dicarboxylic acid monoanion A dicarboxylic acid monoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from one of the carboxylic acid groups of methylmalonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32442 L-cysteinate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59814 L-alpha-amino acid anion The L-enantiomer of cysteinate(1-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32445 L-cysteinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32458 cysteinium The L-enantiomer of cysteinium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32784 tyrosinate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of tyrosine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32786 tyrosinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of tyrosine, arising from protonation of the amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32845 serinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of serine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32846 serinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of serine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33292 fuel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application An energy-rich substance that can be transformed with release of usable energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33569 noradrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33567 catecholamine A catecholamine in which C-1 of the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33571 (S)-noradrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33569 noradrenaline The S-enantiomer of noradrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33653 aliphatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated carbon compound, excluding aromatic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33694 biomacromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33839 macromolecule A macromolecule formed by a living organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33697 ribonucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33696 nucleic acid High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33917 aldohexose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18133 hexose A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35243 serine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of serine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35492 cystine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion that is the tautomer of cystine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35569 alpha-adrenergic agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48539 alpha-adrenergic drug An agent that selectively binds to and activates alpha-adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35584 purine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35570 mancude organic heterobicyclic parent A heterobicyclic aromatic organic compound comprising a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring; the parent compound of the purines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35586 1H-purine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35584 purine The 1H-tautomer of purine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35588 3H-purine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35584 purine The 3H-tautomer of purine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35604 carbon oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound A negative ion consisting solely of carbon and oxygen atoms, and therefore having the general formula CxOy(n-) for some integers x, y and n. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35741 glycerolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any member of the group of lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acid-derived group is attached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35780 phosphate ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33461 phosphorus oxoanion A phosphorus oxoanion that is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35907 glutarate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24329 glutarate A dicarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of glutaric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37163 glucan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37164 homopolysaccharide A polysaccharide composed of glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37397 chondroitin sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35722 sulfated glycosaminoglycan Any of a class of 10--60 kDa glycosaminoglycan sulfates, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37578 halide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity Any heteroatomic molecular entity that is a chemical compound of halogen with other chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38147 cardiotonic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35554 cardiovascular drug A drug that has a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_43474 hydrogenphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35780 phosphate ion A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of dihydrogenphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46998 ribofuranose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33942 ribose A cyclic ribose having a 5-membered tetrahydrofuran ring; the predominant (C3'-endo) form of the two cyclic structures (the other is the "C2'-endo" form, having a 6-membered ring) adopted by ribose in aqueous solution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47013 D-ribofuranose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16988 D-ribose A ribofuranose having D-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47867 indicator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application Anything used in a scientific experiment to indicate the presence of a substance or quality, change in a body, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48873 cholinergic antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38323 cholinergic drug Any drug that binds to but does not activate cholinergic receptors, thereby blocking the actions of acetylcholine or cholinergic agonists. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50846 immunomodulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug Biologically active substance whose activity affects or plays a role in the functioning of the immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50855 antiatherogenic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35554 cardiovascular drug A cardiovascular drug that prevents atherogenesis, the accumulation of lipid-containing plaques on the innermost layers of the arteries. Compare with antiatherosclerotic agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52090 methoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion An organic anion that is the conjugate base of methanol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_533015 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion The amino acid zwitterion formed from 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine by tranfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58065 homocysteine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion of homocysteine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58104 nucleoside 5'-triphoshate(3-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59724 ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion Trianion of nucleoside triphosphate arising from deprotonation of three of the four free triphosphate OH groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58389 trimethylammonium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of trimethylamine, obtained via protonation of the nitrogen; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58432 histaminium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of histamine protonated on the side-chain nitrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59905 dopaminium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of dopamine; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60308 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyroninate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion The anion resulting from the removal of the proton from the carboxylic acid group of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60924 keratan sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35722 sulfated glycosaminoglycan A sulfated glycosaminoglycan, a linear polymer that consists of the repeating disaccharide [3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1->] and containing sulfo groups located at random positions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61296 adenyl ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61293 adenyl nucleotide A purine riboncleotide where adenine is the purine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62803 fuel additive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role Any additive that enhances the efficiency of fuel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_66922 citrullinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of citrulline, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_66952 homocysteinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino acid anion that is the conjugate base of homocysteine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72587 (R)-noradrenaline(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_166902 noradrenaline(1+) An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of (R)-noradrenaline, obtained by protonation of the priamry amino group; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77703 EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76832 EC 4.3.1.* (ammonia-lyase) inhibitor An EC 4.3.1.* (ammonia-lyase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of histidine ammonia-lyase (EC 4.3.1.3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78113 fatty acid anion 3:0 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58951 short-chain fatty acid anion Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 3 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78115 fatty acid anion 4:0 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58951 short-chain fatty acid anion Any saturated fatty acid anion containing 4 carbons. Formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any derivative of an amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing amino acid residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_305790 thyroxine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion The amino acid zwitterion formed from thyroxine by transfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30616 ATP(4-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61557 nucleoside 5'-triphoshate(4-) A nucleoside triphosphate(4-) obtained by global deprotonation of the triphosphate OH groups of ATP; major species present at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35804 citrate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36299 tricarboxylic acid monoanion A tricarboxylic acid monoanion that is the conjugate base of citric acid, obtained by deprotonation of one of the three carboxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48539 alpha-adrenergic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37962 adrenergic agent Any drug that acts on an alpha-adrenergic receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50103 excitatory amino acid agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35942 neurotransmitter agent An agent that binds to and activates excitatory amino acid receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65265 antacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role Any substance which is used to neutralise stomach acidity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32443 L-cysteinate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32457 cysteinate(2-) The L-enantiomer of cysteinate(2-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32450 D-cysteinate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32457 cysteinate(2-) The D-enantiomer of cysteinate(2-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32565 lysinium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation obtained by protonation of both amino groups of lysine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3306 calcitonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25905 peptide hormone A 32-membered heterodetic cyclic peptide comprising the sequence Cys-Ser-Asn-Leu-Ser-Thr-Cys-Val-Leu-Gly-Lys-Leu-Ser-Gln-Glu-Leu-His-Lys-Leu-Gln-Thr-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Asn-Thr-Gly-Ser-Gly-Thr-Pro-NH2 cyclised by a disulfide bridge between the two Cys residues at positions 1 and 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3311 calcium carbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_190295 inorganic calcium salt A calcium salt with formula CCaO3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33224 chromane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23230 chromanes A benzopyran consisting of a pyran ring having a benzene ring ortho-fused across positions 2 and 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33233 fundamental particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A particle not known to have substructure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33273 polyatomic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36358 polyatomic ion An anion consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33290 food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52211 physiological role A physiological role played by any substance of either plant, animal or artificial origin which contains essential body nutrients that can be ingested by an organism to provide energy, promote growth, and maintain the processes of life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367 molecule Any molecule that consists of a series of atoms joined together to form a ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33597 homocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of the same element only. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33636 bicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A molecule that features two fused rings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33641 olefin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24632 hydrocarbon Acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, apart from the formal ones in aromatic compounds. The class olefins subsumes alkenes and cycloalkenes and the corresponding polyenes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33662 annulene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33664 monocyclic hydrocarbon A mancude monocyclic hydrocarbon without side chains of the general formula CnHn (n is an even number) or CnHn+1 (n is an odd number). In systematic nomenclature an annulene with seven or more carbon atoms may be named [n]annulene, where n is the number of carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33671 heteropolycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33635 polycyclic compound A polycyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one non-carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33676 d-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33497 transition element molecular entity A d-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a d-block element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33692 hydrides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33710 alpha-amino-acid residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33708 amino-acid residue An amino-acid residue derived from an alpha-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33847 monocyclic arene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33658 arene A monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36339 baryon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36344 hadron Baryon is a fermion that does experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek betaalpharhoupsilonsigma (heavy). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36347 nuclear particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A nucleus or any of its constituents in any of their energy states. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52575 alkylglycerol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24353 glycerol ether A glycerol ether having at least one alkyl substituent on oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62920 icosatetraenoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57560 long-chain fatty acid anion A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of icosatetraenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64709 organic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any organic molecular entity that is acidic and contains carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76042 aromatic amino-acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of any aromatic amino-acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77960 food firming agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive that is used to make or keep fruit or vegetable tissues firm and crisp. or which interacts with gelling agents such as pectin to produce or strengthen a gel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78631 chroman-6-ol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33853 phenols A chromanol that is chromane in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by a hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_91007 aromatic carboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion A carboxylic acic anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any aromatic carboxylic acid. Major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9937 vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25905 peptide hormone A family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesised in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Together with the similar neuropeptide oxytocin, they are believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48359 protophilic solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48354 polar solvent Solvent that is capable of acting as a hydron (proton) acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48377 imidic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33241 oxoacid derivative Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing =O by =NR; thus tautomers of amides. In organic chemistry an unspecified imidic acid is generally a carboximidic acid, RC(=NR)(OH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48379 isourea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48378 carboximidic acid A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50404 lipoprotein cholesterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50401 cholestanoid Cholesterol esters and free cholesterol which are contained in or bound to lipoproteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59724 ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58945 organophosphate oxoanion An organophosphate anion resulting from deprotonation of at least one of the acidic hydroxy groups from the triphosphate moiety of a nucleoside triphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A chemical substance is a portion of matter of constant composition, composed of molecular entities of the same type or of different types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77956 L-erythro-sphingosine(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83876 cationic sphingoid A cationic sphingoid resulting from the protonation of the amino group of L-erythro-sphingosine; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51721 alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone A ketone of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)R(4) (R(4) =/= H) or R(1)C#C-C(=O)R(2) (R(2) =/= H) in which the ketonic C=O function is conjugated to an unsaturated C-C bond at the alpha,beta position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52254 apatite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46723 phosphate mineral A phosphate mineral with the general formula Ca5(PO4)3X where X = OH, F or Cl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52255 hydroxylapatite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52254 apatite A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52395 oxyketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone A compound with the general formula R2C=O (R=/=H) where one or more of the R groups contains an oxy (-O-) group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52845 cyclic organic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group An organic group that consists of a closed ring. It may be a substituent or a skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53309 polyanionic macromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53368 ionic macromolecule A polymer carrying multiple negative charges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53368 ionic macromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33839 macromolecule A macromolecule containing ionic groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67072 cannabinoid receptor agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48705 agonist An agonist that binds to and activates cannabinoid receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67194 cannabinoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound A diverse group of pharmacologically active secondary metabolite characteristic to Cannabis plant as well as produced naturally in the body by humans and animals. Cannabinoids contain oxygen as a part of the heterocyclic ring or in the form of various functional groups. They are subdivided on the basis of their origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004497 monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004511 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016714 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004518 nuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016788 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004536 DNA nuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140097 catalytic activity, acting on DNA Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004585 ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016743 carboxyl- or carbamoyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: carbamoyl phosphate + L-ornithine = phosphate + L-citrulline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004602 glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004601 peroxidase activity Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004607 phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008374 O-acyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + a sterol = a sterol ester + 1-acylglycerophosphocholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004618 phosphoglycerate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016774 phosphotransferase activity, carboxyl group as acceptor Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phospho-D-glycerate + ATP = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + ADP + H+. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004619 phosphoglycerate mutase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016868 intramolecular phosphotransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: (2R)-2-phosphoglycerate = (2R)-3-phosphoglycerate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004634 phosphopyruvate hydratase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016836 hydro-lyase activity Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate = phosphoenolpyruvate + H2O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004656 procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031545 peptidyl-proline 4-dioxygenase activity Catalysis of the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004672 protein kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004713 protein tyrosine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004672 protein kinase activity Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004714 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019199 transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004731 purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016763 pentosyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004743 pyruvate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016773 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor Catalysis of the reaction: = ADP + H+ + phosphoenolpyruvate => ATP + pyruvate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004883 nuclear glucocorticoid receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003707 nuclear steroid receptor activity Combining with a glucocorticoid and transmitting the signal within the cell trigger a change in cell activity or function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004925 prolactin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004896 cytokine receptor activity Combining with prolactin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004948 calcitonin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097642 calcitonin family receptor activity Combining with calcitonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004967 glucagon receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008528 G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity Combining with glucagon and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004969 histamine receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008227 G protein-coupled amine receptor activity Combining with histamine to initiate a change in cell activity. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004977 melanocortin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008528 G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity Combining with melanocortin to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004978 corticotropin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008188 neuropeptide receptor activity Combining with corticotropin to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004994 somatostatin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008188 neuropeptide receptor activity Combining with somatostatin to initiate a change in cell activity. Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system by signaling via G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. Somatostatin has two active forms produced by proteolytic cleavage: a 14 amino acid peptide (SST-14) and a 28 amino acid peptide (SST-28). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005000 vasopressin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008528 G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity Combining with vasopressin to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005009 insulin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016500 protein-hormone receptor activity Combining with insulin receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005172 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005126 cytokine receptor binding Binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005173 stem cell factor receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005126 cytokine receptor binding Binding to a stem cell factor receptor (SCFR), a type III transmembrane kinase receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005215 transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005216 monoatomic ion channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015267 channel activity Enables the facilitated diffusion of a monoatomic ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. May be either selective (it enables passage of a specific ion only) or non-selective (it enables passage of two or more ions of same charge but different size). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005227 calcium-activated cation channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099094 ligand-gated monoatomic cation channel activity Enables the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005261 monoatomic cation channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008324 monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the energy-independent passage of monoatomic cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005267 potassium channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015079 potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the facilitated diffusion of a potassium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005275 amine transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of amines, including polyamines, from one side of a membrane to the other. Amines are organic compounds that are weakly basic in character and contain an amino (-NH2) or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005277 acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015101 organic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of acetylcholine from one side of a membrane to the other. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005310 dicarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005342 organic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of dicarboxylic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. A dicarboxylic acid is an organic acid with two COOH groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005313 L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046943 carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of L-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-glutamate is the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005319 lipid transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005215 transporter activity Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005337 nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901505 carbohydrate derivative transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide) from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005342 organic acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of organic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic acids are acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005345 purine nucleobase transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015205 nucleobase transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005346 purine ribonucleotide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015216 purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside (a purine organic base attached to a ribose sugar) esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005347 ATP transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008514 organic anion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of ATP, adenosine triphosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005355 glucose transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015149 hexose transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of the hexose monosaccharide glucose from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005372 water transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015318 inorganic molecular entity transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of water (H2O) from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005381 iron ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046915 transition metal ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of iron (Fe) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005391 P-type sodium:potassium-exchanging transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008554 P-type sodium transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005496 steroid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097159 organic cyclic compound binding Binding to a steroid, any of a large group of substances that have in common a ring system based on 1,2-cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005504 fatty acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033293 monocarboxylic acid binding Binding to a fatty acid, an aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005506 iron ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046914 transition metal ion binding Binding to an iron (Fe) ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005509 calcium ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046872 metal ion binding Binding to a calcium ion (Ca2+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005518 collagen binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044877 protein-containing complex binding Binding to collagen, a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. Collagen is highly enriched in glycine (some regions are 33% glycine) and proline, occurring predominantly as 3-hydroxyproline (about 20%). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005524 ATP binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043168 anion binding Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005536 glucose binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048029 monosaccharide binding Binding to D- or L-enantiomers of glucose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005539 glycosaminoglycan binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097367 carbohydrate derivative binding Binding to a glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005540 hyaluronic acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005539 glycosaminoglycan binding Binding to hyaluronic acid, a polymer composed of repeating dimeric units of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine. There are three types of cellular components described in the gene ontology: (1) the cellular anatomical entity where a gene product carries out a molecular function (e.g., plasma membrane, cytoskeleton) or membrane-enclosed compartments (e.g., mitochondrion); (2) virion components, where viral proteins act, and (3) the stable macromolecular complexes of which gene product are parts (e.g., the clathrin complex). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005576 extracellular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005577 fibrinogen complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A highly soluble, elongated protein complex found in blood plasma and involved in clot formation. It is converted into fibrin monomer by the action of thrombin. In the mouse, fibrinogen is a hexamer, 46 nm long and 9 nm maximal diameter, containing two sets of nonidentical chains (alpha, beta, and gamma) linked together by disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005581 collagen trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex consisting of three collagen chains assembled into a left-handed triple helix. These trimers typically assemble into higher order structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005583 fibrillar collagen trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005581 collagen trimer Any triple helical collagen trimer that forms fibrils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005584 collagen type I trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005583 fibrillar collagen trimer A collagen trimer containing alpha(I) chains. The most common form of type I collagen is a heterotrimer containing two alpha1(I) chains and one alpha2(I) chain; homotrimers containing three alpha1(I) chains are also found. Type I collagen triple helices associate to form banded fibrils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005585 collagen type II trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005583 fibrillar collagen trimer A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(II) chains; type II collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005586 collagen type III trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005583 fibrillar collagen trimer A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(III) chains; type III collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005587 collagen type IV trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098651 basement membrane collagen trimer A collagen heterotrimer containing type IV alpha chains; [alpha1(IV)]2alpha2(IV) trimers are commonly observed, although more type IV alpha chains exist and may be present in type IV trimers; type IV collagen triple helices associate to form 3 dimensional nets within basement membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005604 basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix A collagen-containing extracellular matrix consisting of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005614 interstitial matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix A type of extracellular matrix found in interstitial connective tissue, characterized by the presence of fibronectins, proteoglycans, and types I, III, V, VI, VII and XII collagens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005615 extracellular space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005635 nuclear envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031967 organelle envelope The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005640 nuclear outer membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031968 organelle outer membrane The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope; continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and sometimes studded with ribosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005652 nuclear lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The fibrous, electron-dense layer lying on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner membrane of a cell nucleus, composed of lamin filaments. The polypeptides of the lamina are thought to be concerned in the dissolution of the nuclear envelope and its re-formation during mitosis. The lamina is composed of lamin A and lamin C filaments cross-linked into an orthogonal lattice, which is attached via lamin B to the inner nuclear membrane through interactions with a lamin B receptor, an IFAP, in the membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005654 nucleoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005730 nucleolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005740 mitochondrial envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031967 organelle envelope The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005743 mitochondrial inner membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031966 mitochondrial membrane The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005759 mitochondrial matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070013 intracellular organelle lumen The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005761 mitochondrial ribosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000313 organellar ribosome A ribosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell; contains a characteristic set of proteins distinct from those of cytosolic ribosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005765 lysosomal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098852 lytic vacuole membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005766 primary lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005764 lysosome A lysosome before it has fused with a vesicle or vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005777 peroxisome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042579 microbody A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005788 endoplasmic reticulum lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070013 intracellular organelle lumen The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005794 Golgi apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005795 Golgi stack http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098791 Golgi apparatus subcompartment The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005798 Golgi-associated vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005811 lipid droplet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle An intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle comprising a matrix of coalesced lipids surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. May include associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005814 centriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005856 cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle A cellular structure that forms the internal framework of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton includes intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005858 axonemal dynein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030286 dynein complex A dynein complex found in eukaryotic cilia and flagella; the motor domain heads interact with adjacent microtubules to generate a sliding force which is converted to a bending motion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005874 microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099513 polymeric cytoskeletal fiber Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005875 microtubule associated complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005879 axonemal microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005881 cytoplasmic microtubule A microtubule in the axoneme of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules, which may or may not surround a pair of single microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005880 nuclear microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005874 microtubule Any microtubule in the nucleus of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005882 intermediate filament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099513 polymeric cytoskeletal fiber A cytoskeletal structure that forms a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space. Intermediate filaments may be divided into five chemically distinct classes: Type I, acidic keratins; Type II, basic keratins; Type III, including desmin, vimentin and others; Type IV, neurofilaments and related filaments; and Type V, lamins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005884 actin filament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099513 polymeric cytoskeletal fiber A filamentous structure formed of a two-stranded helical polymer of the protein actin and associated proteins. Actin filaments are a major component of the contractile apparatus of skeletal muscle and the microfilaments of the cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells. The filaments, comprising polymerized globular actin molecules, appear as flexible structures with a diameter of 5-9 nm. They are organized into a variety of linear bundles, two-dimensional networks, and three dimensional gels. In the cytoskeleton they are most highly concentrated in the cortex of the cell just beneath the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005899 insulin receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902911 protein kinase complex A disulfide-bonded, heterotetrameric receptor complex. The alpha chains are entirely extracellular, while each beta chain has one transmembrane domain. The ligand binds to the alpha subunit extracellular domain and the kinase is associated with the beta subunit intracellular domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005902 microvillus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098858 actin-based cell projection Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments. Present in especially large numbers on the absorptive surface of intestinal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005911 cell-cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070161 anchoring junction A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells of an organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic intercellular bridges, such as ring canals in insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005923 bicellular tight junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070160 tight junction An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005929 cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043227 membrane-bounded organelle A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005930 axoneme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia (also called flagella) in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005938 cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005975 carbohydrate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005978 glycogen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005977 glycogen metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005979 regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070873 regulation of glycogen metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005980 glycogen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005977 glycogen metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005981 regulation of glycogen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070873 regulation of glycogen metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005996 monosaccharide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044281 small molecule metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving monosaccharides, the simplest carbohydrates. They are polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006006 glucose metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019318 hexose metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006007 glucose catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019320 hexose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006014 D-ribose metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019321 pentose metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-ribose (ribo-pentose). As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006022 aminoglycan metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006023 aminoglycan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006024 glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030203 glycosaminoglycan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006026 aminoglycan catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006027 glycosaminoglycan catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030203 glycosaminoglycan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosaminoglycans, any one of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006029 proteoglycan metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009100 glycoprotein metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006066 alcohol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006067 ethanol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034308 primary alcohol metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanol, CH3-CH2-OH, a colorless, water-miscible, flammable liquid produced by alcoholic fermentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006081 cellular aldehyde metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O, as carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006082 organic acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006083 acetate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032787 monocarboxylic acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetate, the anion of acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006090 pyruvate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032787 monocarboxylic acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006094 gluconeogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019319 hexose biosynthetic process The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006096 glycolytic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016052 carbohydrate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the reduction of NAD(P) to NAD(P)H. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006099 tricarboxylic acid cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044238 primary metabolic process A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006109 regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080090 regulation of primary metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006110 regulation of glycolytic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033121 regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006111 regulation of gluconeogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043255 regulation of carbohydrate biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis, the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006112 energy reserve metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015980 energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from stored compounds such as fats or glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006113 fermentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015980 energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, coupling the oxidation and reduction of NAD/H and the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006139 nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006140 regulation of nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062012 regulation of small molecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006141 regulation of purine nucleobase metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062012 regulation of small molecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving purines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006144 purine nucleobase metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072521 purine-containing compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006145 purine nucleobase catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072523 purine-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006146 adenine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046083 adenine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the 5 main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006152 purine nucleoside catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072523 purine-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006154 adenosine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046130 purine ribonucleoside catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adenosine, adenine riboside, a ribonucleoside found widely distributed in cells of every type as the free nucleoside and in combination in nucleic acids and various nucleoside coenzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006163 purine nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072521 purine-containing compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006164 purine nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072522 purine-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006172 ADP biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009133 nucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006195 purine nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072523 purine-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006261 DNA-templated DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006260 DNA replication A DNA replication process that uses parental DNA as a template for the DNA-dependent DNA polymerases that synthesize the new strands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006264 mitochondrial DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032042 mitochondrial DNA metabolic process The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006275 regulation of DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006279 premeiotic DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process The replication of DNA that precedes meiotic cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006282 regulation of DNA repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080135 regulation of cellular response to stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006284 base-excision repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006281 DNA repair In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006304 DNA modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006259 DNA metabolic process The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotide sites in DNA, resulting in a change in its properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006305 DNA alkylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006304 DNA modification The addition of alkyl groups to many positions on all four bases of DNA. Alkylating agents can also modify the bases of incoming nucleotides in the course of DNA synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006306 DNA methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043414 macromolecule methylation The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006309 apoptotic DNA fragmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006308 DNA catabolic process The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006338 chromatin remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006325 chromatin organization A dynamic process of chromatin reorganization resulting in changes to chromatin structure. These changes allow DNA metabolic processes such as transcriptional regulation, DNA recombination, DNA repair, and DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006403 RNA localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033036 macromolecule localization A process in which RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006404 RNA import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051170 import into nucleus The import of RNA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006405 RNA export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051168 nuclear export The directed movement of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051246 regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006446 regulation of translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006448 regulation of translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or accuracy of translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006449 regulation of translational termination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043244 regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006469 negative regulation of protein kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001933 negative regulation of protein phosphorylation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006516 glycoprotein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009057 macromolecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006518 peptide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006536 glutamate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009064 glutamine family amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006537 glutamate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008652 amino acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006538 glutamate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009063 amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006582 melanin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042440 pigment metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006584 catecholamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006576 biogenic amine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006586 indolalkylamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006576 biogenic amine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006590 thyroid hormone generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042403 thyroid hormone metabolic process The formation of either of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, mainly thyroxine and triiodothyronine. This is achieved by the iodination and joining of tyrosine molecules to form the precursor thyroglobin, proteolysis of this precursor gives rise to the thyroid hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006591 ornithine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170041 non-proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006611 protein export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006886 intracellular protein transport The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006624 vacuolar protein processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016485 protein processing Protein processing that takes place in the vacuole. Most protein processing in the vacuole represents proteolytic cleavage of precursors to form active enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006629 lipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006635 fatty acid beta-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019395 fatty acid oxidation A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006643 membrane lipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044255 cellular lipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006644 phospholipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044255 cellular lipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006664 glycolipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903509 liposaccharide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolipids, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar group acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol group may be absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006665 sphingolipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006677 glycosylceramide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006687 glycosphingolipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006681 galactosylceramide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019374 galactolipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006682 galactosylceramide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046476 glycosylceramide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006683 galactosylceramide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046477 glycosylceramide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006684 sphingomyelin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043603 amide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine, any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of sphingosine is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxyl group of sphingosine is esterified to phosphorylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006685 sphingomyelin catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030149 sphingolipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006694 steroid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901362 organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006699 bile acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072330 monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006700 C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044249 cellular biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of C21-steroid hormones, steroid compounds containing 21 carbons which function as hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006701 progesterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042448 progesterone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006704 glucocorticoid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008211 glucocorticoid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006705 mineralocorticoid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042446 hormone biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006706 steroid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901361 organic cyclic compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006709 progesterone catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042448 progesterone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006712 mineralocorticoid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042447 hormone catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006713 glucocorticoid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008211 glucocorticoid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006720 isoprenoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044255 cellular lipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoid compounds, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006721 terpenoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006720 isoprenoid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure and including derivatives with various functional groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006725 cellular aromatic compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006753 nucleoside phosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055086 nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any phosphorylated nucleoside. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006754 ATP biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009142 nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006766 vitamin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044281 small molecule metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamins. Vitamin is a general term for a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. Vitamins may be water-soluble or fat-soluble and usually serve as components of coenzyme systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006775 fat-soluble vitamin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006766 vitamin metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving of any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in organic solvents and relatively insoluble in water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006776 vitamin A metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001523 retinoid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid, all of which are derivatives of beta-carotene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006778 porphyrin-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033013 tetrapyrrole metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrins consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006779 porphyrin-containing compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033014 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006787 porphyrin-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033015 tetrapyrrole catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006793 phosphorus metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006796 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006793 phosphorus metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006805 xenobiotic metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a xenobiotic compound, a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051234 establishment of localization The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or a transporter complex, a pore or a motor protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006811 monoatomic ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of a monoatomic ion into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Monatomic ions (also called simple ions) are ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006812 monoatomic cation transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006811 monoatomic ion transport The directed movement of a monoatomic cation, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Monatomic cations (also called simple cations) are positively charged ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006813 potassium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030001 metal ion transport The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006817 phosphate ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015698 inorganic anion transport The directed movement of phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006820 monoatomic anion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006811 monoatomic ion transport The directed movement of a monoatomic anion, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Monatomic anions (also called simple anions) are negatively charged ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006821 chloride transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015698 inorganic anion transport The directed movement of chloride into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006826 iron ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000041 transition metal ion transport The directed movement of iron (Fe) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006835 dicarboxylic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046942 carboxylic acid transport The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006846 acetate transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015718 monocarboxylic acid transport The directed movement of acetate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006847 plasma membrane acetate transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035433 acetate transmembrane transport The directed movement of acetate across a plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006858 extracellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The transport of substances that occurs outside cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006860 extracellular amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006865 amino acid transport The directed extracellular movement of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006862 nucleotide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015748 organophosphate ester transport The directed movement of a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006863 purine nucleobase transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015851 nucleobase transport The directed movement of purine bases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006873 intracellular monoatomic ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of monoatomic ions within a cell. Monatomic ions (also called simple ions) are ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006874 intracellular calcium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055074 calcium ion homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of calcium ions within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006879 intracellular iron ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of iron ions within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006882 intracellular zinc ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of zinc ions within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006883 intracellular sodium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055078 sodium ion homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of sodium ions within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006884 cell volume homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019725 cellular homeostasis Any process involved in maintaining the steady state of a cell's volume. The cell's volume refers to the three-dimensional space occupied by a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006885 regulation of pH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055080 monoatomic cation homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006887 exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032940 secretion by cell A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle. Exocytosis can occur either by full fusion, when the vesicle collapses into the plasma membrane, or by a kiss-and-run mechanism that involves the formation of a transient contact, a pore, between a granule (for exemple of chromaffin cells) and the plasma membrane. The latter process most of the time leads to only partial secretion of the granule content. Exocytosis begins with steps that prepare vesicles for fusion with the membrane (tethering and docking) and ends when molecules are secreted from the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006892 post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048193 Golgi vesicle transport The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to other parts of the cell, including organelles and the plasma membrane, mediated by small transport vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006893 Golgi to plasma membrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098876 vesicle-mediated transport to the plasma membrane The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that move from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane, where they fuse and release their contents by exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006896 Golgi to vacuole transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007034 vacuolar transport The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to the vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006897 endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098657 import into cell A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a part of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006900 vesicle budding from membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016050 vesicle organization The evagination of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006903 vesicle targeting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes. Targeting involves coordinated interactions among cytoskeletal elements (microtubules or actin filaments), motor proteins, molecules at the vesicle membrane and target membrane surfaces, and vesicle cargo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006906 vesicle fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090174 organelle membrane fusion Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with its target membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006910 phagocytosis, recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 cell recognition The initial step in phagocytosis involving adhesion to bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter, or an apoptotic cell and based on recognition of factors such as bacterial cell wall components, opsonins like complement and antibody or protein receptors and lipids like phosphatidyl serine, and leading to intracellular signaling in the phagocytosing cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006921 cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022411 cellular component disassembly The breakdown of structures such as organelles, proteins, or other macromolecular structures during apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006924 activation-induced cell death of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070231 T cell apoptotic process A T cell apoptotic process that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006935 chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042330 taxis The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006936 muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003012 muscle system process A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006937 regulation of muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090257 regulation of muscle system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006939 smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006936 muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006942 regulation of striated muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006937 regulation of muscle contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006957 complement activation, alternative pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045087 innate immune response Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the alternative pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006958 complement activation, classical pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006956 complement activation Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the classical pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006970 response to osmotic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006950 response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006971 hypotonic response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006970 response to osmotic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hypotonic environment, i.e. an environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006998 nuclear envelope organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007000 nucleolus organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006997 nucleus organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007006 mitochondrial membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007005 mitochondrion organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayer surrounding a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007015 actin filament organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097435 supramolecular fiber organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments. Includes processes that control the spatial distribution of actin filaments, such as organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007019 microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097435 supramolecular fiber organization The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of a microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007020 microtubule nucleation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization The process in which tubulin alpha-beta heterodimers begin aggregation to form an oligomeric tubulin structure (a microtubule seed). Microtubule nucleation is the initiating step in the formation of a microtubule in the absence of any existing microtubules ('de novo' microtubule formation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007026 negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902904 negative regulation of supramolecular fiber organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule depolymerization; prevention of depolymerization of a microtubule can result from binding by 'capping' at the plus end (e.g. by interaction with another cellular protein of structure) or by exposing microtubules to a stabilizing drug such as taxol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007027 negative regulation of axonemal microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120035 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the depolymerization of the specialized microtubules of the axoneme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007028 cytoplasm organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007029 endoplasmic reticulum organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007030 Golgi organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007031 peroxisome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007034 vacuolar transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007036 vacuolar calcium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006874 intracellular calcium ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions in the vacuole or between a vacuole and its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007039 protein catabolic process in the vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030163 protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein in the vacuole, usually by the action of vacuolar proteases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007041 lysosomal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007034 vacuolar transport The directed movement of substances into, out of or within a lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007059 chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007060 male meiosis chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a male. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007076 mitotic chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process The cell cycle process in which chromatin structure is compacted prior to and during mitosis in eukaryotic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007077 mitotic nuclear membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process The mitotic cell cycle process in which the controlled partial or complete breakdown of the nuclear membranes during occurs during mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007088 regulation of mitotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051783 regulation of nuclear division Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007091 metaphase/anaphase transition of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044772 mitotic cell cycle phase transition The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007093 mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process A signaling process that ensures accurate chromosome replication and segregation by preventing progression through a mitotic cell cycle until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007094 mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045841 negative regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that delays mitotic sister chromatid separation and consequently the mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. Spindle assembly checkpoint signaling begins with the activated Mph family kinase, and results in the inhibition of the Anaphase Promoting Complex and its activator Sleepy/Cdc20 by the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007112 male meiosis cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism A cell cycle process that occurs as part of the male meiotic cell cycle and results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell to produce two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007113 endomitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000278 mitotic cell cycle A mitotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are replicated and sister chromatids separate, but spindle formation, nuclear membrane breakdown and nuclear division do not occur, resulting in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007135 meiosis II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061983 meiosis II cell cycle process The second nuclear division of meiosis, in which the two chromatids in each chromosome are separated, resulting in four daughter nuclei from the two nuclei produced in meiosis II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007140 male meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism A cell cycle process by which the cell nucleus divides as part of a meiotic cell cycle in the male germline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007142 male meiosis II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007140 male meiotic nuclear division A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which a cell progresses through male meiosis II, the second meiotic division in the male germline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007143 female meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism A cell cycle process by which the cell nucleus divides as part of a meiotic cell cycle in the female germline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007147 female meiosis II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007143 female meiotic nuclear division The cell cycle process in which the second meiotic division occurs in the female germline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007159 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion The attachment of a leukocyte to another cell via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007162 negative regulation of cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030155 regulation of cell adhesion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007163 establishment or maintenance of cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007167 enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of the target cell, where the receptor possesses catalytic activity or is closely associated with an enzyme such as a protein kinase, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007169 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007167 enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses tyrosine kinase activity, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007213 G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an acetylcholine receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007214 gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling The series of molecular signals generated by the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, to its receptor on the surface of a target cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007215 glutamate receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of glutamate to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007216 G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by glutamate binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a neuropeptide binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098916 anterograde trans-synaptic signaling The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007272 ensheathment of neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process in which glial cells envelop neuronal cell bodies and/or axons to form an insulating layer. This can take the form of myelinating or non-myelinating ensheathment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007274 neuromuscular synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission The process of synaptic transmission from a neuron to a muscle, across a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007276 gamete generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The generation and maintenance of gametes in a multicellular organism. A gamete is a haploid reproductive cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007281 germ cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an immature germ cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure (gamete). A germ cell is any reproductive cell in a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007283 spermatogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The developmental process by which male germ line stem cells self renew or give rise to successive cell types resulting in the development of a spermatozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007284 spermatogonial cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The mitotic divisions of the primary spermatogonial cell (a primordial male germ cell) to form secondary spermatogonia (primary spermatocytes). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007285 primary spermatocyte growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048588 developmental cell growth The phase of growth and gene expression that male germ cells undergo as they enter the spermatocyte stage. The cells grow in volume and transcribe most of the gene products needed for the morphological events that follow meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007288 sperm axoneme assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism The assembly and organization of the sperm flagellar axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of the eukaryotic sperm flagellum, and is responsible for movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007289 spermatid nucleus differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism The specialization of the spermatid nucleus during the development of a spermatid into a mature male gamete competent for fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007291 sperm individualization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The resolution of the male germline syncytium or cyst into individual gametes by packaging each spermatid into its own plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007292 female gamete generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007276 gamete generation Generation of the female gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a male gamete takes part in sexual reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007293 germarium-derived egg chamber formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis Construction of a stage-1 egg chamber in the anterior part of the germarium, from the progeny of germ-line and somatic stem cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007308 oocyte construction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation The synthesis, deposition, and organization of the materials in a cell of an ovary; where the cell can then undergo meiosis and form an ovum. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007309 oocyte axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009798 axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of an axis in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007314 oocyte anterior/posterior axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009948 anterior/posterior axis specification Polarization of the oocyte along its anterior-posterior axis. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007320 insemination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044703 multi-organism reproductive process The introduction of semen or sperm into the genital tract of a female. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007338 single fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009566 fertilization The union of male and female gametes to form a zygote. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007339 binding of sperm to zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035036 sperm-egg recognition The process in which the sperm binds to the zona pellucida glycoprotein layer of the egg. The process begins with the attachment of the sperm plasma membrane to the zona pellucida and includes attachment of the acrosome inner membrane to the zona pellucida after the acrosomal reaction takes place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007341 penetration of zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The infiltration by sperm of the zona pellucida to reach the oocyte. The process involves digestive enzymes from a modified lysosome called the acrosome, situated at the head of the sperm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007343 egg activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The process in which the egg becomes metabolically active, initiates protein and DNA synthesis and undergoes structural changes to its cortex and/or cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007346 regulation of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051726 regulation of cell cycle Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progress through the mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007349 cellularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The separation of a multi-nucleate cell or syncytium into individual cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster embryo development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007350 blastoderm segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 segmentation The hierarchical steps resulting in the progressive subdivision of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007351 tripartite regional subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization Subdivision of the embryo along the anterior/posterior axis into anterior, posterior and terminal regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007354 zygotic determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008595 anterior/posterior axis specification, embryo The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by products of genes expressed in the zygote; exemplified in insects by the gap genes, pair rule genes and segment polarity gene cascade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007399 nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007406 negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902692 regulation of neuroblast proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the proliferation of neuroblasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007407 neuroblast activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation A change in the morphology or behavior of a neuroblast resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007409 axonogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048812 neuron projection morphogenesis De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, including the terminal branched region. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon, which carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007411 axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097485 neuron projection guidance The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007413 axonal fasciculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008038 neuron recognition The collection of axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007416 synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050808 synapse organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. This process ends when the synapse is mature (functional). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007417 central nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the central nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007418 ventral midline development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral midline over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007420 brain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007422 peripheral nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the peripheral nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The peripheral nervous system is one of the two major divisions of the nervous system. Nerves in the PNS connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007431 salivary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the salivary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Salivary glands include any of the saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007435 salivary gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022612 gland morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the salivary gland are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007439 ectodermal digestive tract development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ectodermal digestive tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ectodermal digestive tract includes those portions that are derived from ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007440 foregut morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007442 hindgut morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the hindgut are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007494 midgut development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048565 digestive tract development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midgut is the middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007498 mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesoderm is the middle germ layer that develops into muscle, bone, cartilage, blood and connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007506 gonadal mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the gonadal mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The gonadal mesoderm is the middle layer of the three primary germ layers of the embryo which will go on to form the gonads of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007517 muscle organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The muscle is an organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007520 myoblast fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000768 syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007528 neuromuscular junction development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050808 synapse organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuromuscular junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007530 sex determination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of sexual status of an individual organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007538 primary sex determination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007530 sex determination The sex determination process that results in the initial specification of sexual status of an individual organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007548 sex differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The establishment of the sex of an organism by physical differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007549 sex-chromosome dosage compensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040029 epigenetic regulation of gene expression Compensating for the variation in the unpaired sex chromosome:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by activation or inactivation of genes on one or both of the sex chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007565 female pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044703 multi-organism reproductive process The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007566 embryo implantation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process Attachment of the blastocyst to the uterine lining. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007567 parturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044703 multi-organism reproductive process The reproductive process in which the parent is separated from its offspring either by giving birth to live young or by laying eggs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007584 response to nutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007586 digestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007588 excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process The elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. These products include water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogenous compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007589 body fluid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050878 regulation of body fluid levels The controlled release of a fluid by a cell or tissue in an animal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007595 lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007589 body fluid secretion The regulated release of milk from the mammary glands and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007596 blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050817 coagulation The sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot; it may be divided into three stages: stage 1, the formation of intrinsic and extrinsic prothrombin converting principle; stage 2, the formation of thrombin; stage 3, the formation of stable fibrin polymers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007599 hemostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050878 regulation of body fluid levels The stopping of bleeding (loss of body fluid) or the arrest of the circulation to an organ or part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007601 visual perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050953 sensory perception of light stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual stimuli are detected in the form of photons and are processed to form an image. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007605 sensory perception of sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050954 sensory perception of mechanical stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007606 sensory perception of chemical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory chemical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007608 sensory perception of smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007606 sensory perception of chemical stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007611 learning or memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007612 learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007611 learning or memory Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007613 memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007611 learning or memory The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007617 mating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019098 reproductive behavior The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007620 copulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007617 mating behavior The act of sexual union between male and female, involving the transfer of sperm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007622 rhythmic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior The specific behavior of an organism that recur with measured regularity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007626 locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008015 blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003013 circulatory system process The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008017 microtubule binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015631 tubulin binding Binding to a microtubule, a filament composed of tubulin monomers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008021 synaptic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070382 exocytic vesicle A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008028 monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005342 organic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of monocarboxylic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. A monocarboxylic acid is an organic acid with one COOH group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 cell recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process in which a cell in an organism interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008038 neuron recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 cell recognition The process in which a neuronal cell in a multicellular organism interprets its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008066 glutamate receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity Combining with glutamate and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008078 mesodermal cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration The orderly movement of mesodermal cells from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008088 axo-dendritic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010970 transport along microtubule The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in neuron projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008089 anterograde axonal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098930 axonal transport The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell body toward the cell periphery in nerve cell axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008090 retrograde axonal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098930 axonal transport The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell periphery toward the cell body in nerve cell axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070727 cellular macromolecule localization Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008112 nicotinamide N-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008757 S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + nicotinamide = 1-methylnicotinamide + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008119 thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008757 S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiopurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thiopurine S-methylether. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008156 negative regulation of DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051053 negative regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008202 steroid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008203 cholesterol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902652 secondary alcohol metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. It is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008207 C21-steroid hormone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving C21-steroid hormones, steroid compounds containing 21 carbons which function as hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008208 C21-steroid hormone catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042447 hormone catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of C21-steroid hormones, steroid compounds containing 21 carbons which function as hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008211 glucocorticoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008202 steroid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008212 mineralocorticoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. Mineralocorticoids act primarily on water and electrolyte balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008272 sulfate transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072348 sulfur compound transport The directed movement of sulfate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008286 insulin receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007169 transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008291 acetylcholine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900619 acetate ester metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008354 germ cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism The orderly movement of a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes through the embryo from its site of production to the place where the gonads will form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008356 asymmetric cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The asymmetric division of cells to produce two daughter cells with different developmental potentials. It is of fundamental significance for the generation of cell diversity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008358 maternal determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008595 anterior/posterior axis specification, embryo The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by gradients of maternally-transcribed gene products; exemplified in insects by the morphogens, bicoid and nanos. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008361 regulation of cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032535 regulation of cellular component size Any process that modulates the size of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008406 gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The gonad is an animal organ that produces gametes; in some species it also produces hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008504 monoamine transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022804 active transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of monoamines, organic compounds that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by an ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-), from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008509 monoatomic anion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015075 monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a negatively charged ion from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008556 P-type potassium transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019829 ATPase-coupled monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + K+(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008595 anterior/posterior axis specification, embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000578 embryonic axis specification The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by the products of genes expressed maternally and genes expressed in the zygote. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008610 lipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008641 ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140657 ATP-dependent activity Catalysis of the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008643 carbohydrate transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbohydrates are a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008654 phospholipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090407 organophosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phospholipid, a lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009060 aerobic respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045333 cellular respiration The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009065 glutamine family amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170040 proteinogenic amino acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009084 glutamine family amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170038 proteinogenic amino acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009100 glycoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901135 carbohydrate derivative metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycoproteins, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009101 glycoprotein biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009059 macromolecule biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009112 nucleobase metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid, e.g. the purines: adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and the pyrimidines: cytosine, uracil, thymine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009116 nucleoside metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901657 glycosyl compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (a ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleoside), e.g. adenosine, guanosine, inosine, cytidine, uridine and deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, deoxycytidine and thymidine (= deoxythymidine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009117 nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006753 nucleoside phosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleotide, a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009132 nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009152 purine ribonucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009260 ribonucleotide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009154 purine ribonucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009261 ribonucleotide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009164 nucleoside catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901658 glycosyl compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009165 nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009166 nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901292 nucleoside phosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009180 purine ribonucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009188 ribonucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009206 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009207 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009247 glycolipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046467 membrane lipid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009250 glucan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000271 polysaccharide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009251 glucan catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000272 polysaccharide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009395 phospholipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046434 organophosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009416 response to light stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009314 response to radiation Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009566 fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009583 detection of light stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009582 detection of abiotic stimulus The series of events in which a light stimulus (in the form of photons) is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009584 detection of visible light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009583 detection of light stimulus The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009612 response to mechanical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009605 response to external stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009628 response to abiotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (not derived from living organisms) stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009712 catechol-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018958 phenol-containing compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a compound containing a pyrocatechol (1,2-benzenediol) nucleus or substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009820 alkaloid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving alkaloids, nitrogen containing natural products which are not otherwise classified as peptides, nonprotein amino acids, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones or primary metabolites (such as purine or pyrimidine bases). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009855 determination of bilateral symmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009799 specification of symmetry The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism with respect to a single longitudinal plane. The pattern can either be symmetric, such that the halves are mirror images, or asymmetric where the pattern deviates from this symmetry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009948 anterior/posterior axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009798 axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009950 dorsal/ventral axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009798 axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009953 dorsal/ventral pattern formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The regionalization process in which the areas along the dorsal/ventral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009954 proximal/distal pattern formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010160 formation of animal organ boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The regionalization process that specifies animal organ primordium boundaries resulting in a restriction of organogenesis to a limited spatial domain and keeping the organ separate from surrounding tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010248 establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034220 monoatomic ion transmembrane transport The directed movement of ions to establish or maintain an electrochemical gradient across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010256 endomembrane system organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endomembrane system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010324 membrane invagination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization The infolding of a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010469 regulation of signaling receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling receptor activity. Receptor activity is when a molecule combines with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010564 regulation of cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051726 regulation of cell cycle Any process that modulates a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010565 regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010566 regulation of ketone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ketone, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010608 post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010468 regulation of gene expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression after the production of an RNA transcript. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010629 negative regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010558 negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration The orderly movement of an epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010876 lipid localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033036 macromolecule localization Any process in which a lipid is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010906 regulation of glucose metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062012 regulation of small molecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010962 regulation of glucan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032885 regulation of polysaccharide biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of glucan biosynthesis. Glucan biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010965 regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905818 regulation of chromosome separation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid separation. Mitotic sister chromatid separation is the process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010970 transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099111 microtubule-based transport The movement of organelles or other particles from one location in the cell to another along microtubules, driven by motor activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012505 endomembrane system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A collection of membranous structures involved in transport within the cell. The main components of the endomembrane system are endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vesicles, cell membrane and nuclear envelope. Members of the endomembrane system pass materials through each other or though the use of vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014704 intercalated disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044291 cell-cell contact zone A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014902 myotube differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051146 striated muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotube differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual myotubes can fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015031 protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045184 establishment of protein localization The directed movement of proteins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015075 monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015079 potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046873 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of potassium ions (K+) from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015081 sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046873 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of sodium ions (Na+) from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015085 calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046873 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of calcium (Ca) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015108 chloride transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015103 inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of chloride ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015114 phosphate ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015103 inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of phosphate (PO4 3-) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015116 sulfate transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901682 sulfur compound transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of sulfate ions, SO4(2-), from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015149 hexose transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015145 monosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a hexose sugar, a monosaccharide with 6 carbon atoms, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015172 acidic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015171 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of acidic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Acidic amino acids have side chains with a negative charge at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015185 gamma-aminobutyric acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015205 nucleobase transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a nucleobase, any nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleoside, nucleotide, or nucleic acidfrom one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015215 nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015605 organophosphate ester transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015217 ADP transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008514 organic anion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of ADP, adenosine diphosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015220 choline transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015101 organic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of choline from one side of a membrane to the other. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015245 fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046943 carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015276 ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022834 ligand-gated channel activity Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015294 solute:monoatomic cation symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022853 active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + cation(out) = solute(in) + cation(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015296 monoatomic anion:monoatomic cation symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015294 solute:monoatomic cation symporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: anion(out) + cation(out) = anion(in) + cation(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015297 antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015291 secondary active transmembrane transporter activity Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015631 tubulin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding Binding to monomeric or multimeric forms of tubulin, including microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015662 P-type ion transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140358 P-type transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of ions across a membrane. The reaction is characterized by the transient formation of a high-energy aspartyl-phosphoryl-enzyme intermediate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015671 oxygen transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015669 gas transport The directed movement of oxygen (O2) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015718 monocarboxylic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046942 carboxylic acid transport The directed movement of monocarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015837 amine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of amines, including polyamines, organic compounds containing one or more amino groups, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015844 monoamine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of monoamines, organic compounds that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by an ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-), into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015850 organic hydroxy compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of an organic hydroxy compound (organic alcohol) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An organic hydroxy compound is an organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015851 nucleobase transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of a nucleobase, any nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleoside, nucleotide, or nucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015867 ATP transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015711 organic anion transport The directed movement of ATP, adenosine triphosphate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015931 nucleobase-containing compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015932 nucleobase-containing compound transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015980 energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015986 proton motive force-driven ATP synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006754 ATP biosynthetic process The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016042 lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016298 lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016788 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016310 phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006796 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016311 dephosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006796 phosphate-containing compound metabolic process The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016325 oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030951 establishment or maintenance of microtubule cytoskeleton polarity Formation and maintenance of a polarized microtubule array originating from a microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016407 acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016747 acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to an acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016482 cytosolic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport The directed movement of substances or organelles within the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016500 protein-hormone receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity Combining with a protein hormone to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016595 glutamate binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031406 carboxylic acid binding Binding to glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016684 oxidoreductase activity, acting on peroxide as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the peroxide group acts as a hydrogen or electron acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016714 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016705 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced pteridine and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016741 transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a one-carbon group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016788 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016787 hydrolase activity Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016903 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016907 G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099528 G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016917 GABA receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017148 negative regulation of translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051248 negative regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018108 peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006468 protein phosphorylation The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018212 peptidyl-tyrosine modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018193 peptidyl-amino acid modification The modification of peptidyl-tyrosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018958 phenol-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019098 reproductive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019199 transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019217 regulation of fatty acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019218 regulation of steroid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019219 regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019220 regulation of phosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051174 regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019318 hexose metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005996 monosaccharide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019319 hexose biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046364 monosaccharide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019320 hexose catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046365 monosaccharide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019321 pentose metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005996 monosaccharide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019322 pentose biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046364 monosaccharide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019323 pentose catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046365 monosaccharide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019364 pyridine nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072526 pyridine-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019374 galactolipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006664 glycolipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019375 galactolipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019374 galactolipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019376 galactolipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019377 glycolipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019439 aromatic compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044248 cellular catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019538 protein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019637 organophosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organophosphates, any phosphate-containing organic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019693 ribose phosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901135 carbohydrate derivative metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019725 cellular homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042592 homeostatic process Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019747 regulation of isoprenoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019748 secondary metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in many of the chemical changes of compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. In multicellular organisms secondary metabolism is generally carried out in specific cell types, and may be useful for the organism as a whole. In unicellular organisms, secondary metabolism is often used for the production of antibiotics or for the utilization and acquisition of unusual nutrients. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019752 carboxylic acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043436 oxoacid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019787 ubiquitin-like protein transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin-like from one protein to another via the reaction X-ULP + Y = Y-ULP + X, where both X-ULP and Y-ULP are covalent linkages. ULP represents a ubiquitin-like protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019798 procollagen-proline dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031543 peptidyl-proline dioxygenase activity Catalysis of the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019829 ATPase-coupled monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022853 active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + cation(out) = ADP + phosphate + cation(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019840 isoprenoid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008289 lipid binding Binding to an isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019866 organelle inner membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021700 developmental maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an anatomical structure, cell or cellular component to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022404 molting cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process A multicellular organismal process involved in the periodic casting off and regeneration of an outer covering of cuticle, feathers, hair, horns, skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022411 cellular component disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022612 gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a gland are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022626 cytosolic ribosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005840 ribosome A ribosome located in the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022839 monoatomic ion-gated channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022834 ligand-gated channel activity Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific ion stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005215 transporter activity Enables the transfer of a substance, usually a specific substance or a group of related substances, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022904 respiratory electron transport chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022900 electron transport chain A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030003 intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055080 monoatomic cation homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of monoatomic cations within a cell. Monatomic cations (also called simple cations) are cations consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030017 sarcomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030031 cell projection assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030030 cell projection organization Formation of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030036 actin cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030029 actin filament-based process A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030054 cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells, or between a cell and the extracellular matrix, or between two membrane-bound components of a cell, such as flagella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030148 sphingolipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046467 membrane lipid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030149 sphingolipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046466 membrane lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030163 protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030246 carbohydrate binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030262 apoptotic nuclear changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006921 cellular component disassembly involved in execution phase of apoptosis Alterations undergone by nuclei at the molecular and morphological level as part of the execution phase of apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030286 dynein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902494 catalytic complex Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030312 external encapsulating structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell or cells. This does not include the periplasmic space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030317 flagellated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060294 cilium movement involved in cell motility The directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium (aka flagellum) that contributes to the movement of a flagellated sperm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030540 female genitalia development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048806 genitalia development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female genitalia over time, from formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030594 neurotransmitter receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity Combining with a neurotransmitter and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030864 cortical actin cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030863 cortical cytoskeleton The portion of the actin cytoskeleton, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins, that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030936 transmembrane collagen trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex Any collagen trimer that passes through a lipid bilayer membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030990 intraciliary transport particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A nonmembrane-bound oligomeric protein complex that participates in bidirectional transport of molecules (cargo) along axonemal microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031012 extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030312 external encapsulating structure A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031109 microtubule polymerization or depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization Assembly or disassembly of microtubules by the addition or removal of tubulin heterodimers from a microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031111 negative regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051494 negative regulation of cytoskeleton organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031114 regulation of microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901879 regulation of protein depolymerization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031345 negative regulation of cell projection organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031406 carboxylic acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043168 anion binding Binding to a carboxylic acid, an organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031545 peptidyl-proline 4-dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031543 peptidyl-proline dioxygenase activity Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptidyl trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031965 nuclear membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031966 mitochondrial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031967 organelle envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031975 envelope A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031968 organelle outer membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019867 outer membrane The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing in a cellular organelle, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031974 membrane-enclosed lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The enclosed volume within a sealed membrane or between two sealed membranes. Encompasses the volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the space between the two lipid bilayers of a double membrane surrounding an organelle, e.g. nuclear envelope lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032042 mitochondrial DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006259 DNA metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving mitochondrial DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032075 positive regulation of nuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051345 positive regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032350 regulation of hormone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032365 intracellular lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of lipids within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032368 regulation of lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905952 regulation of lipid localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032507 maintenance of protein location in cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045185 maintenance of protein location Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032550 purine ribonucleoside binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032549 ribonucleoside binding Binding to a purine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to ribose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032559 adenyl ribonucleotide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032555 purine ribonucleotide binding Binding to an adenyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of adenosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032770 positive regulation of monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051353 positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that activates or increases the activity of a monooxygenase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032787 monocarboxylic acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019752 carboxylic acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032841 calcitonin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097644 calcitonin family binding Binding to calcitonin, a peptide hormone responsible for reducing serum calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclastic bone reabsorption and promoting renal calcium excretion. It is synthesized and released by the C cells of the thyroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032986 protein-DNA complex disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071824 protein-DNA complex organization The disaggregation of a protein-DNA complex into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033013 tetrapyrrole metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033014 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033015 tetrapyrrole catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033036 macromolecule localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization Any process in which a macromolecule is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033037 polysaccharide localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033036 macromolecule localization Any process in which a polysaccharide is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033045 regulation of sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051983 regulation of chromosome segregation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid segregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033206 meiotic cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after meiosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033218 amide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033238 regulation of amine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033260 nuclear DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044786 cell cycle DNA replication The DNA-dependent DNA replication that occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms as part of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033673 negative regulation of kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051348 negative regulation of transferase activity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034308 primary alcohol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006066 alcohol metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034309 primary alcohol biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046165 alcohol biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034310 primary alcohol catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046164 alcohol catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034329 cell junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034330 cell junction organization A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034399 nuclear periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The portion of the nuclear lumen proximal to the inner nuclear membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034504 protein localization to nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein transports or maintains the localization of another protein to the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034641 cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034655 nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901361 organic cyclic compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034765 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043269 regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035036 sperm-egg recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The initial contact step made between the sperm plasma membrane and outer layer of the egg during fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035082 axoneme assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The assembly and organization of an axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia (also called flagella) in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035239 tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035240 dopamine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter formed by aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase from 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035265 organ growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The increase in size or mass of an organ. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that function together as to perform a specific function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035272 exocrine system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development Progression of the exocrine system over time, from its formation to a mature structure. The exocrine system is a system of hormones and glands, where the glands secrete straight to a target site via ducts or tubes. The human exocrine system includes the salivary glands, sweat glands and many glands of the digestive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tube over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues including lung and trachea, kidney, the mammary gland, the vascular system and the gastrointestinal and urinary-genital tracts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035433 acetate transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905039 carboxylic acid transmembrane transport The process in which acetate is transported across a membrane. Acetate is the 2-carbon carboxylic acid ethanoic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035437 maintenance of protein localization in endoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072595 maintenance of protein localization in organelle Any process in which a protein is maintained in the endoplasmic reticulum and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration within the endoplasmic reticulum, protein stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that escape the endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035639 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901265 nucleoside phosphate binding Binding to a purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035725 sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098655 monoatomic cation transmembrane transport A process in which a sodium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036064 ciliary basal body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005815 microtubule organizing center A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum) that is similar in structure to a centriole and derives from it. The cilium basal body is the site of assembly and remodeling of the cilium and serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth. As well as anchoring the cilium, it is thought to provide a selective gateway regulating the entry of ciliary proteins and vesicles by intraflagellar transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036211 protein modification process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043412 macromolecule modification The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications). Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036379 myofilament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Any of the smallest contractile units of a myofibril (striated muscle fiber). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038024 cargo receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity Binding specifically to a substance (cargo) to deliver it to a transport vesicle. Cargo receptors span a membrane (either the plasma membrane or a vesicle membrane), binding simultaneously to cargo molecules and coat adaptors, to efficiently recruit soluble proteins to nascent vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038161 prolactin signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the peptide hormone prolactin to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038170 somatostatin signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038169 somatostatin receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by somatostatin binding to a somatostatin receptor (SSTR), and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040029 epigenetic regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010468 regulation of gene expression A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression through chromatin remodeling either by modifying higher order chromatin fiber structure, nucleosomal histones, or cytosine methylation of DNA. Once established, this regulation may be maintained over many cell divisions. It can also be heritable in the absence of the instigating signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042044 fluid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of substances that are in liquid form in normal living conditions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042158 lipoprotein biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042157 lipoprotein metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the covalently attached nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042175 nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane The continuous network of membranes encompassing the nuclear outer membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042180 cellular ketone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms, as carried out by individual cells. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042181 ketone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044283 small molecule biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ketones, a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042182 ketone catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044282 small molecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketones, a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042219 cellular modified amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042278 purine nucleoside metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072521 purine-containing compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042303 molting cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The periodic casting off and regeneration of an outer covering of cuticle, feathers, hair, horns, skin, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042379 chemokine receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005126 cytokine receptor binding Binding to a chemokine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042398 cellular modified amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042403 thyroid hormone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, largely thyroxine and triiodothyronine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042416 dopamine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042417 dopamine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042427 serotonin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042428 serotonin metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042430 indole-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042438 melanin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046189 phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042440 pigment metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, e.g. melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042446 hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042447 hormone catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042448 progesterone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042180 cellular ketone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042461 photoreceptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development Development of a photoreceptor, a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042562 hormone binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to an hormone, a naturally occurring substance secreted by specialized cells that affect the metabolism or behavior of cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. Hormones may be produced by the same, or different, cell as express the receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042578 phosphoric ester hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016788 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042579 microbody http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Cytoplasmic organelles, spherical or oval in shape, that are bounded by a single membrane and contain oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042626 ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140657 ATP-dependent activity Primary active transporter of a solute across a membrane, via the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane. The transport protein may be transiently phosphorylated (P-type transporters), or not (ABC-type transporters and other families of transporters). Primary active transport occurs up the solute's concentration gradient and is driven by a primary energy source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042775 mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042773 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042886 amide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of an amide, any compound containing one, two, or three acyl groups attached to a nitrogen atom, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042887 amide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of an amide, any compound containing one, two, or three acyl groups attached to a nitrogen atom, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005 neuron projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043021 ribonucleoprotein complex binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044877 protein-containing complex binding Binding to a complex of RNA and protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043069 negative regulation of programmed cell death Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043085 positive regulation of catalytic activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043086 negative regulation of catalytic activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043170 macromolecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043176 amine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to an amine, a weakly basic organic compound that contains an amino or a substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043229 intracellular organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043244 regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex disassembly, the disaggregation of a protein complex into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043255 regulation of carbohydrate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043292 contractile fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099512 supramolecular fiber Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043296 apical junction complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005911 cell-cell junction A functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells, which in vertebrates is composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens, and desmosomes and in some invertebrates, such as Drosophila, is composed of the subapical complex (SAC), the zonula adherens and the septate junction. Functions in the regulation of cell polarity, tissue integrity and intercellular adhesion and permeability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043402 glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043401 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a glucocorticoid hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043412 macromolecule modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043170 macromolecule metabolic process The covalent alteration of one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological macromolecule, resulting in a change in its properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043455 regulation of secondary metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043470 regulation of carbohydrate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043559 insulin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017046 peptide hormone binding Binding to insulin, a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043648 dicarboxylic acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019752 carboxylic acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043649 dicarboxylic acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046395 carboxylic acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (-COOH) groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043650 dicarboxylic acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046394 carboxylic acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (-COOH) groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044042 glucan metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005976 polysaccharide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044060 regulation of endocrine process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an endocrine process, a process involving the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044070 regulation of monoatomic anion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043269 regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044087 regulation of cellular component biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular component biogenesis, a process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044238 primary metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044248 cellular catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044249 cellular biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044255 cellular lipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, as carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044270 cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044248 cellular catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044281 small molecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044550 secondary metabolite biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of secondary metabolites, the compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044706 multi-multicellular organism process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process A multicellular organism process which involves another multicellular organism of the same or different species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044784 metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044770 cell cycle phase transition The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase as part of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044853 plasma membrane raft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098590 plasma membrane region A membrane raft that is part of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045111 intermediate filament cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005856 cytoskeleton Cytoskeletal structure made from intermediate filaments, typically organized in the cytosol as an extended system that stretches from the nuclear envelope to the plasma membrane. Some intermediate filaments run parallel to the cell surface, while others traverse the cytosol; together they form an internal framework that helps support the shape and resilience of the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045132 meiotic chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during M phase of the meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045214 sarcomere organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031032 actomyosin structure organization The myofibril assembly process that results in the organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045596 negative regulation of cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045814 negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040029 epigenetic regulation of gene expression An epigenetic process that silences gene expression at specific genomic regions through chromatin remodeling either by modifying higher order chromatin fiber structure, nucleosomal histones, or the cytosine DNA methylation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045859 regulation of protein kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043549 regulation of kinase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045860 positive regulation of protein kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033674 positive regulation of kinase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045930 negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045786 negative regulation of cell cycle Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046031 ADP metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009179 purine ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046034 ATP metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046083 adenine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006144 purine nucleobase metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046084 adenine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009113 purine nucleobase biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046085 adenosine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046128 purine ribonucleoside metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving adenosine, adenine riboside, a ribonucleoside found widely distributed in cells of every type as the free nucleoside and in combination in nucleic acids and various nucleoside coenzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046086 adenosine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046129 purine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of adenosine, adenine riboside, a ribonucleoside found widely distributed in cells of every type as the free nucleoside and in combination in nucleic acids and various nucleoside coenzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046113 nucleobase catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046129 purine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042455 ribonucleoside biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any purine ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046130 purine ribonucleoside catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046128 purine ribonucleoside metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any purine ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046148 pigment biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042440 pigment metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, e.g. melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046164 alcohol catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901616 organic hydroxy compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046184 aldehyde biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046189 phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901362 organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046365 monosaccharide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044282 small molecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046390 ribose phosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901137 carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046476 glycosylceramide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046513 ceramide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046477 glycosylceramide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046514 ceramide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046479 glycosphingolipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019377 glycolipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046496 nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019362 pyridine nucleotide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046514 ceramide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006672 ceramide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ceramides, any N-acetylated sphingoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046785 microtubule polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051258 protein polymerization The addition of tubulin heterodimers to one or both ends of a microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046883 regulation of hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903530 regulation of secretion by cell Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046885 regulation of hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046890 regulation of lipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051641 cellular localization The directed movement of substances within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046914 transition metal ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046872 metal ion binding Binding to a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046915 transition metal ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046873 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of transition metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046930 pore complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex A protein complex providing a discrete opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046942 carboxylic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015849 organic acid transport The directed movement of carboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046943 carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008514 organic anion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of carboxylic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Carboxylic acids are organic acids containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048029 monosaccharide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to a monosaccharide. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H[CHOH]nC(=O)[CHOH]mH with three or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048066 developmental pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043473 pigmentation The developmental process that results in the deposition of coloring matter in an organism, tissue or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048193 Golgi vesicle transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048232 male gamete generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007276 gamete generation Generation of the male gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a female gamete takes part in sexual reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048477 oogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007292 female gamete generation The complete process of formation and maturation of an ovum or female gamete from a primordial female germ cell. Examples of this process are found in Mus musculus and Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048511 rhythmic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048512 circadian behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007623 circadian rhythm The specific behavior of an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048515 spermatid differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spermatid over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048523 negative regulation of cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048546 digestive tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035239 tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the digestive tract are generated and organized. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048565 digestive tract development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048580 regulation of post-embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of post-embryonic development. Post-embryonic development is defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048753 pigment granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016050 vesicle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a pigment granule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048806 genitalia development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048812 neuron projection morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120039 plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048859 formation of anatomical boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process in which the limits of an anatomical structure are generated. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048873 homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048872 homeostasis of number of cells Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050658 RNA transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051236 establishment of RNA localization The directed movement of RNA, ribonucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050768 negative regulation of neurogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050767 regulation of neurogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells within the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050801 monoatomic ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048878 chemical homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of monoatomic ions within an organism or cell. Monatomic ions (also called simple ions) are ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050817 coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050839 cell adhesion molecule binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding Binding to a cell adhesion molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050890 cognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process The operation of the mind by which an organism becomes aware of objects of thought or perception; it includes the mental activities associated with thinking, learning, and memory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050911 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050907 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events involved in the perception of smell in which an olfactory chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050953 sensory perception of light stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory light stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050954 sensory perception of mechanical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory mechanical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051053 negative regulation of DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045934 negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051081 nuclear membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030397 membrane disassembly The controlled breakdown of the nuclear membranes, for example during cellular division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051119 sugar transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015144 carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a sugar from one side of a membrane to the other. A sugar is any member of a class of sweet, water-soluble, crystallizable carbohydrates, which are the monosaccharides and smaller oligosaccharides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051168 nuclear export http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006913 nucleocytoplasmic transport The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051169 nuclear transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport The directed movement of substances into, out of, or within the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051170 import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006913 nucleocytoplasmic transport The directed movement of substances into the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051234 establishment of localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization Any process that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051261 protein depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032984 protein-containing complex disassembly The process in which protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers, are broken down. Depolymerization occurs by the successive removal of monomers from an existing poly- or oligomeric protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051350 negative regulation of lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051339 regulation of lyase activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051378 serotonin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051381 histamine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051592 response to calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010038 response to metal ion Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051604 protein maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019538 protein metabolic process Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051649 establishment of localization in cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051234 establishment of localization Any process, occuring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051650 establishment of vesicle localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051656 establishment of organelle localization The directed movement of a vesicle to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051651 maintenance of location in cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 maintenance of location Any process in which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051716 cellular response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051783 regulation of nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear division, the partitioning of the nucleus and its genetic information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055070 copper ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of copper ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055074 calcium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055078 sodium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of sodium ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process in which a solute is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055086 nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044281 small molecule metabolic process The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060004 reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009605 response to external stimulus An automatic response to a stimulus beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor and ending with the action of an effector such as a gland or a muscle. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060047 heart contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003015 heart process The multicellular organismal process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060079 excitatory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060078 regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060089 molecular transducer activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity A compound molecular function in which an effector function is controlled by one or more regulatory components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060156 milk ejection reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032941 secretion by tissue A reflex that occurs in response to suckling, beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor in the mammary gland and ending with the ejection of milk from the gland. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060281 regulation of oocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905879 regulation of oogenesis Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060322 head development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a head from an initial condition to its mature state. The head is the anterior-most division of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060326 cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060327 cytoplasmic actin-based contraction involved in cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070252 actin-mediated cell contraction The actin filament-based movement by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in a contraction that propels the cell from one place to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060404 axonemal microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061523 cilium disassembly The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of an axonemal microtubule. An axonemal microtubule is a microtubule in the axoneme of a cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060541 respiratory system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The progression of the respiratory system over time from its formation to its mature structure. The respiratory system carries out respiratory gaseous exchange. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060612 adipose tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of adipose tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Adipose tissue is specialized tissue that is used to store fat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061061 muscle structure development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of a muscle structure over time, from its formation to its mature state. Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061097 regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of protein tyrosine kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061099 negative regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050732 negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein tyrosine kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061333 renal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which the renal tubule is generated by specification of cell fate, through the maintenance of cell polarity, regulated cell proliferation and morphogenetic cell rearrangements, shape changes and growth. A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061351 neural precursor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of neural precursor cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. A neural precursor cell is either a nervous system stem cell or a nervous system progenitor cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061462 protein localization to lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072665 protein localization to vacuole A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061525 hindgut development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048565 digestive tract development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindgut is part of the alimentary canal that lies posterior to the midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061564 axon development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031175 neuron projection development The progression of an axon over time. Covers axonogenesis (de novo generation of an axon) and axon regeneration (regrowth), as well as processes pertaining to the progression of the axon over time (fasciculation and defasciculation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065002 intracellular protein transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071806 protein transmembrane transport The directed movement of proteins in a cell, from one side of a membrane to another by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065003 protein-containing complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043933 protein-containing complex organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a protein-containing complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070013 intracellular organelle lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043233 organelle lumen An organelle lumen that is part of an intracellular organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070160 tight junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005911 cell-cell junction A cell-cell junction that seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070161 anchoring junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030054 cell junction A cell junction that mechanically attaches a cell (and its cytoskeleton) to neighboring cells or to the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070192 chromosome organization involved in meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process A process of chromosome organization that is involved in a meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070231 T cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070227 lymphocyte apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070382 exocytic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099503 secretory vesicle A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070547 L-tyrosine aminotransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008483 transaminase activity Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070588 calcium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098655 monoatomic cation transmembrane transport A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070851 growth factor receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005102 signaling receptor binding Binding to a growth factor receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070873 regulation of glycogen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032881 regulation of polysaccharide metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071173 spindle assembly checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031577 spindle checkpoint signaling A signaling process that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071174 mitotic spindle checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031577 spindle checkpoint signaling A signaling process that contributes to a mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that originates from the spindle and delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, the completion of anaphase until chromosomes are attached to the spindle, or mitotic exit and cytokinesis when the spindle does not form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071377 cellular response to glucagon stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071375 cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucagon stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071466 cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009410 response to xenobiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a xenobiotic, a compound foreign to the organism exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071470 cellular response to osmotic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062197 cellular response to chemical stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071684 organism emergence from protective structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The developmental process in which an organism emerges from a surrounding protective structure such as an egg or pupa case. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of organic substances into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An organic substance is a molecular entity that contains carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of nitrogen-containing compounds into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071805 potassium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098655 monoatomic cation transmembrane transport A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071944 cell periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072089 stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of stem cells, resulting in the expansion of a stem cell population. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072329 monocarboxylic acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046395 carboxylic acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (-COOH) group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072359 circulatory system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the circulatory system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The circulatory system is the organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072521 purine-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072522 purine-containing compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072523 purine-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072524 pyridine-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyridine or a formal derivative thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072594 establishment of protein localization to organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045184 establishment of protein localization The directed movement of a protein to a specific location on or in an organelle. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072666 establishment of protein localization to vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072594 establishment of protein localization to organelle The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080090 regulation of primary metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism involving those compounds formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080171 lytic vacuole organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007033 vacuole organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lytic vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090030 regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050810 regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090130 tissue migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process in which the population of cells that make up a tissue undergo directed movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090150 establishment of protein localization to membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045184 establishment of protein localization The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090257 regulation of muscle system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a muscle system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in a muscle system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090304 nucleic acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043170 macromolecule metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090407 organophosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the biosynthesis of deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0095500 acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098926 postsynaptic signal transduction The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an acetylcholine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097014 ciliary plasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032838 plasma membrane bounded cell projection cytoplasm All of the contents of a cilium, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097194 execution phase of apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A stage of the apoptotic process that starts with the controlled breakdown of the cell through the action of effector caspases or other effector molecules (e.g. cathepsins, calpains etc.). Key steps of the execution phase are rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097435 supramolecular fiber organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a supramolecular fiber, a polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097485 neuron projection guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031175 neuron projection development The process in which the migration of a neuron projection is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098642 network-forming collagen trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005581 collagen trimer A collagen trimer that forms networks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098643 banded collagen fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098644 complex of collagen trimers A supramolecular assembly of fibrillar collagen complexes in the form of a long fiber (fibril) with transverse striations (bands). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098645 collagen network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099081 supramolecular polymer A supramolecular complex that consists of collagen triple helices associated to form a network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098651 basement membrane collagen trimer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005581 collagen trimer Any collagen timer that is part of a basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098664 G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098791 Golgi apparatus subcompartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031984 organelle subcompartment A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098793 presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The part of a synapse that is part of the presynaptic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098798 mitochondrial protein-containing complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex that is part of a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098802 plasma membrane signaling receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane and which functions as a signaling receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098858 actin-based cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A cell projection supported by an assembly of actin filaments, and which lacks microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098862 cluster of actin-based cell projections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A cell part consisting of multiple, closely packed actin-based cell projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098876 vesicle-mediated transport to the plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051668 localization within membrane The directed movement of substances to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane by exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098916 anterograde trans-synaptic signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099537 trans-synaptic signaling Cell-cell signaling from pre to post-synapse, across the synaptic cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098930 axonal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008088 axo-dendritic transport The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099080 supramolecular complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A cellular component that consists of an indeterminate number of proteins or macromolecular complexes, organized into a regular, higher-order structure such as a polymer, sheet, network or a fiber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099094 ligand-gated monoatomic cation channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015276 ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity Enables the transmembrane transfer of an inorganic cation by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099500 vesicle fusion to plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140029 exocytic process Fusion of the membrane of a vesicle with the plasma membrane, thereby releasing its contents into the extracellular space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099531 presynaptic process involved in chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process The pathway leading to secretion of a neurotransmitter from the presynapse as part of synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099568 cytoplasmic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm Any (proper) part of the cytoplasm of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099643 signal release from synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023061 signal release Any signal release from a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901135 carbohydrate derivative metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate derivative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901136 carbohydrate derivative catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate derivative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901137 carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrate derivative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901160 primary amino compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving primary amino compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901375 acetate ester transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of an acetate ester from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901474 azole transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the directed movement of azoles, heterocyclic compound found in many biologically important substances, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901505 carbohydrate derivative transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of carbohydrate derivative from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901568 fatty acid derivative metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006629 lipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acid derivative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901606 alpha-amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901605 alpha-amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an alpha-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic hydroxy compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901617 organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic hydroxy compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901618 organic hydroxy compound transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of organic hydroxy compound from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901642 nucleoside transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015858 nucleoside transport The directed movement of nucleoside across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901880 negative regulation of protein depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043242 negative regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901990 regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901987 regulation of cell cycle phase transition Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902001 fatty acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905039 carboxylic acid transmembrane transport The process in which a fatty acid is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902850 microtubule cytoskeleton organization involved in mitosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process Any microtubule cytoskeleton organization that is involved in mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902875 regulation of embryonic pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic pattern specification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902903 regulation of supramolecular fiber organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of supramolecular fiber organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902904 negative regulation of supramolecular fiber organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibril organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902911 protein kinase complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061695 transferase complex, transferring phosphorus-containing groups A protein complex which is capable of protein kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903429 regulation of cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903509 liposaccharide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901135 carbohydrate derivative metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving liposaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903522 regulation of blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903825 organic acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015849 organic acid transport The process in which an organic acid is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904115 axon cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120111 neuron projection cytoplasm Any cytoplasm that is part of a axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904659 glucose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008645 hexose transmembrane transport The process in which glucose is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904823 purine nucleobase transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072530 purine-containing compound transmembrane transport The process in which a purine nucleobase is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000178 negative regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000272 negative regulation of signaling receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044092 negative regulation of molecular function Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling receptor activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000647 negative regulation of stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072091 regulation of stem cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000831 regulation of steroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046883 regulation of hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of steroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045796 negative regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904730 negative regulation of intestinal lipid absorption Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of uptake of cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045797 positive regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032376 positive regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of uptake of cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045806 negative regulation of endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045807 positive regulation of endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045818 negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045819 positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070875 positive regulation of glycogen metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045820 negative regulation of glycolytic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045912 negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045821 positive regulation of glycolytic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045913 positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045829 negative regulation of isotype switching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045191 regulation of isotype switching Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045830 positive regulation of isotype switching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045191 regulation of isotype switching Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045833 negative regulation of lipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045834 positive regulation of lipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045841 negative regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030071 regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045842 positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901992 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045843 negative regulation of striated muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048635 negative regulation of muscle organ development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045844 positive regulation of striated muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048636 positive regulation of muscle organ development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045851 pH reduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006885 regulation of pH Any process that reduces the internal pH of an organism, part of an organism or a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045852 pH elevation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006885 regulation of pH Any process that increases the internal pH of an organism, part of an organism or a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045900 negative regulation of translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017148 negative regulation of translation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045901 positive regulation of translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045727 positive regulation of translation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045904 negative regulation of translational termination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043242 negative regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045905 positive regulation of translational termination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045727 positive regulation of translation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045906 negative regulation of vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vasoconstriction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045907 positive regulation of vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasoconstriction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045914 negative regulation of catecholamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042069 regulation of catecholamine metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045915 positive regulation of catecholamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042069 regulation of catecholamine metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045931 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045787 positive regulation of cell cycle Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045932 negative regulation of muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045933 positive regulation of muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045963 negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045964 positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042053 regulation of dopamine metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045978 negative regulation of nucleoside metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045934 negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleosides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045979 positive regulation of nucleoside metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009118 regulation of nucleoside metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleosides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045982 negative regulation of purine nucleobase metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045934 negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleobases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045983 positive regulation of purine nucleobase metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045935 positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving purine bases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045986 negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006940 regulation of smooth muscle contraction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045987 positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006940 regulation of smooth muscle contraction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045992 negative regulation of embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046007 negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046006 regulation of activated T cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046014 negative regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046013 regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046032 ADP catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009181 purine ribonucleoside diphosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046136 positive regulation of vitamin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030656 regulation of vitamin metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046324 regulation of glucose import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010827 regulation of glucose transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046325 negative regulation of glucose import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010829 negative regulation of glucose transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046326 positive regulation of glucose import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010828 positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046541 saliva secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032941 secretion by tissue The regulated release of saliva from the salivary glands. In man, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046548 retinal rod cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042462 eye photoreceptor cell development Development of a rod cell, one of the sensory cells in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. Rod cells contain the photopigment rhodopsin or porphyropsin and are responsible for vision in dim light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046549 retinal cone cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042462 eye photoreceptor cell development Development of a cone cell, one of the sensory cells in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. Cone cells contain the photopigment iodopsin or cyanopsin and are responsible for photopic (daylight) vision. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046626 regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046634 regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050863 regulation of T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046635 positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050870 positive regulation of T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046636 negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868 negative regulation of T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046666 retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010623 programmed cell death involved in cell development Programmed cell death that occurs in the developing retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046667 compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046666 retinal cell programmed cell death Programmed cell death that occurs in the retina to remove excess cells between ommatidia, thus resulting in a hexagonal lattice, precise with respect to cell number and position surrounding each ommatidium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046668 regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043067 regulation of programmed cell death Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046669 regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046668 regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the compound eye retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046670 positive regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043068 positive regulation of programmed cell death Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046671 negative regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043069 negative regulation of programmed cell death Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046672 positive regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046670 positive regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the compound eye retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046673 negative regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046671 negative regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the compound eye retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046676 negative regulation of insulin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050796 regulation of insulin secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046681 response to carbamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017085 response to insecticide Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbamate stimulus. Carbamates are a group of insecticides and parasiticides that act by inhibiting cholinesterase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046697 decidualization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046716 muscle cell cellular homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019725 cellular homeostasis The cellular homeostatic process that preserves a muscle cell in a stable functional or structural state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046721 formic acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015724 formate transport The controlled release of formic acid, HCOOH, by a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046826 negative regulation of protein export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046825 regulation of protein export from nucleus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046828 regulation of RNA import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of movement of RNA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046829 negative regulation of RNA import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046823 negative regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of RNA from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046830 positive regulation of RNA import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046824 positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of RNA from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046832 negative regulation of RNA export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046831 regulation of RNA export from nucleus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046833 positive regulation of RNA export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046831 regulation of RNA export from nucleus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046848 hydroxyapatite binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to hydroxyapatite, the calcium phosphate mineral of formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 found both in rocks of nonorganic origin and as a component of bone and dentin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046864 isoprenoid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of isoprenoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Isoprenoids comprise a group of compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046877 regulation of saliva secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044058 regulation of digestive system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046878 positive regulation of saliva secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051047 positive regulation of secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046950 cellular ketone body metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone, as carried out by individual cells. Although 3-hydroxybutyrate is not a ketone, it is classed as a ketone body because it exists in an equilibrium with acetoacetate. Ketone bodies may accumulate in excessive amounts in the body in starvation, diabetes mellitus or in other defects of carbohydrate metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046958 nonassociative learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007612 learning A simple form of learning whereby the repeated presence of a stimulus leads to a change in the probability or strength of the response to that stimulus. There is no association of one type of stimulus with another, rather it is a generalized response to the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046959 habituation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046958 nonassociative learning A decrease in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. This is exemplified by the failure of a person to show a startle response to a loud noise that has been repeatedly presented. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046960 sensitization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046958 nonassociative learning An increased in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. For example, a shock to the tail of the marine snail Aplysia, to which the snail responds by withdrawing its gill, will result in increased gill withdrawal the next time the skin is touched. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0047496 vesicle transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099518 vesicle cytoskeletal trafficking The directed movement of a vesicle along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of a vesicle to a microtubule, and ends when the vesicle reaches its final destination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048021 regulation of melanin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900376 regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process Any process that alters the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048022 negative regulation of melanin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031327 negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048023 positive regulation of melanin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900378 positive regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048048 embryonic eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048592 eye morphogenesis The process occurring in the embryo by which the anatomical structures of the post-embryonic eye are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048070 regulation of developmental pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120305 regulation of pigmentation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the developmental process that results in the deposition of coloring matter in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048086 negative regulation of developmental pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048519 negative regulation of biological process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the developmental process that results in the deposition of coloring matter in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048087 positive regulation of developmental pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048518 positive regulation of biological process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the developmental process that results in the deposition of coloring matter in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048132 female germ-line stem cell asymmetric division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098728 germline stem cell asymmetric division The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell in the female gonad, to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the female gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048137 spermatocyte division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The meiotic divisions undergone by the primary and secondary spermatocytes to produce haploid spermatids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048144 fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells, resulting in the expansion of the fibroblast population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048145 regulation of fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048146 positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048147 negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048240 sperm capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation A process required for sperm to reach fertilization competence. Sperm undergo an incompletely understood series of morphological and molecular maturational processes, termed capacitation, involving, among other processes, protein tyrosine phosphorylation and increased intracellular calcium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048241 epinephrine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of epinephrine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048245 eosinophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071621 granulocyte chemotaxis The movement of an eosinophil in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048251 elastic fiber assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0085029 extracellular matrix assembly Assembly of the extracellular matrix fibers that enables the matrix to recoil after transient stretching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048280 vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007030 Golgi organization The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048286 lung alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the alveolus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The alveolus is a sac for holding air in the lungs; formed by the terminal dilation of air passageways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048288 nuclear membrane fusion involved in karyogamy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000740 nuclear membrane fusion The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the nucleus during the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048306 calcium-dependent protein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding Binding to a protein or protein complex in the presence of calcium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048313 Golgi inheritance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048308 organelle inheritance The partitioning of Golgi apparatus between daughter cells at cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048318 axial mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007498 mesoderm development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the axial mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048319 axial mesoderm morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048332 mesoderm morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the axial mesoderm are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048320 axial mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001707 mesoderm formation The process that gives rise to the axial mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048339 paraxial mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the paraxial mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048340 paraxial mesoderm morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072132 mesenchyme morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the paraxial mesoderm are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048341 paraxial mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001707 mesoderm formation The process that gives rise to the paraxial mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048369 lateral mesoderm morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072132 mesenchyme morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the lateral mesoderm are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048370 lateral mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001707 mesoderm formation The process that gives rise to the lateral mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048382 mesendoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesendoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In animal embryos, mesendoderm development gives rise to both mesoderm and endoderm tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048389 intermediate mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007498 mesoderm development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the intermediate mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048390 intermediate mesoderm morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048332 mesoderm morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the intermediate mesoderm are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048391 intermediate mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001707 mesoderm formation The process that gives rise to the intermediate mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048484 enteric nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the enteric nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gallbladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048485 sympathetic nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048535 lymph node development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048534 hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lymph nodes over time, from their formation to the mature structure. A lymph node is a round, oval, or bean shaped structure localized in clusters along the lymphatic vessels, with a distinct internal structure including specialized vasculature and B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048536 spleen development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048534 hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spleen over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spleen is a large vascular lymphatic organ composed of white and red pulp, involved both in hemopoietic and immune system functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048537 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048534 hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048538 thymus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048534 hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048539 bone marrow development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048534 hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bone marrow over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048541 Peyer's patch development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048537 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Peyer's patches over time, from their formation to the mature structure. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048601 oocyte morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process in which the structures of an oocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of an oocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048627 myoblast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myoblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048630 skeletal muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The increase in size or mass of a skeletal muscle. This may be due to a change in the fiber number or size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048631 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048632 negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048640 negative regulation of developmental growth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048633 positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048643 positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048644 muscle organ morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of muscle are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048659 smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033002 muscle cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of smooth muscle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048660 regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048661 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048662 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048668 collateral sprouting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis The process in which outgrowths develop from the shafts of existing axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048670 regulation of collateral sprouting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048671 negative regulation of collateral sprouting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050771 negative regulation of axonogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048672 positive regulation of collateral sprouting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050772 positive regulation of axonogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048677 axon extension involved in regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048675 axon extension Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in regeneration of the neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048679 regulation of axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032101 regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048680 positive regulation of axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032103 positive regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of axon regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048681 negative regulation of axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048682 sprouting of injured axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis The process involved in sprouting of an injured axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048686 regulation of sprouting of injured axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sprouting of an injured axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048687 positive regulation of sprouting of injured axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048639 positive regulation of developmental growth Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of sprouting of an injured axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048688 negative regulation of sprouting of injured axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048640 negative regulation of developmental growth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sprouting of an injured axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048690 regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030516 regulation of axon extension Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048691 positive regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045773 positive regulation of axon extension Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of axon extension involved in regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048692 negative regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030517 negative regulation of axon extension Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048710 regulation of astrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045685 regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048711 positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045687 positive regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048712 negative regulation of astrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045686 negative regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048713 regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045685 regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048714 positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045687 positive regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048715 negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045686 negative regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048741 skeletal muscle fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014904 myotube cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeletal muscle fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Muscle fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048742 regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber development. Muscle fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048743 positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051155 positive regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle fiber development. Muscle fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048744 negative regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051154 negative regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber development. Muscle fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048745 smooth muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060537 muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048752 semicircular canal morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the semicircular canals are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048755 branching morphogenesis of a nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001763 morphogenesis of a branching structure The process in which the anatomical structures of branches in a nerve are generated and organized. This term refers to an anatomical structure (nerve) not a cell (neuron). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048808 male genitalia morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090598 male anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of male genitalia are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048813 dendrite morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048812 neuron projection morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendrite are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048814 regulation of dendrite morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048817 negative regulation of hair follicle maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051799 negative regulation of hair follicle development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048818 positive regulation of hair follicle maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051798 positive regulation of hair follicle development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048819 regulation of hair follicle maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048841 regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030516 regulation of axon extension Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in axon guidance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048842 positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045773 positive regulation of axon extension Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in axon guidance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048843 negative regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030517 negative regulation of axon extension Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in axon guidance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048846 axon extension involved in axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048675 axon extension The long distance growth of a single cell process, that is involved in the migration of an axon growth cone, where the migration is directed to a specific target site by a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048847 adenohypophysis formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to adenohypophysis. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048848 neurohypophysis morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022612 gland morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the neurohypophysis are generated and organized. The neurohypophysis is the part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048849 neurohypophysis formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to neurohypophysis. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The neurohypophysis is the part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048850 hypophysis morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022612 gland morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the hypophysis are generated and organized. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048851 hypophysis formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the hypophysis are generated and organized. The hypophysis is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048852 diencephalon morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the diencephalon are generated and organized. The diencephalon is the paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus are derived; these regions regulate autonomic, visceral and endocrine function, and process information directed to the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048853 forebrain morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the forebrain are generated and organized. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048854 brain morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the brain are generated and organized. The brain is one of the two components of the central nervous system and is the center of thought and emotion. It is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048855 adenohypophysis morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the adenohypophysis are generated and organized. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048880 sensory system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a sensory system over time from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048882 lateral line development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048884 neuromast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007423 sensory organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neuromast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neuromast is the sensory organ of the lateral line and is composed of a population of sensory hair cells, and nonsensory supporting cells and mantle cells. Neuromasts are located superficially on the epithelium or in lateral line canals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048890 lateral line ganglion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061550 cranial ganglion development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line ganglion develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear and behind the ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048891 lateral line ganglion neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048934 peripheral nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lateral line ganglion neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048892 lateral line nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line nerve over time, form its formation to the mature structure. Lateral line nerves project primarily to an octavolateralis column in the hindbrain that consists of the medial octavolateralis nucleus (MON), the caudal octavolateralis nucleus, and the magnocellular nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048895 lateral line nerve glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010001 glial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glial cell in a lateral line nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048896 lateral line nerve glial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008347 glial cell migration The movement of a glial cell along the axons in a lateral line nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048925 lateral line system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048880 sensory system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line system is a network of sensory organs (neuromasts) and lateral line nerves located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048934 peripheral nervous system neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048935 peripheral nervous system neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the peripheral nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048937 lateral line nerve glial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021782 glial cell development The process aimed at the progression of a lateral line glial cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048938 lateral line nerve glial cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000902 cell morphogenesis The process in which the structure of a glial cell in a lateral line nerve is generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a glial cell in a lateral line nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050174 phenylalanine decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016831 carboxy-lyase activity Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine = phenylethylamine + CO2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050657 nucleic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015931 nucleobase-containing compound transport The directed movement of nucleic acids, single or double-stranded polynucleotides involved in the storage, transmission and transfer of genetic information, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050674 urothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of urothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Urothelial cells make up a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050675 regulation of urothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of urothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050676 negative regulation of urothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050680 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of urothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050677 positive regulation of urothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050679 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of urothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050708 regulation of protein secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051223 regulation of protein transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050709 negative regulation of protein secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051224 negative regulation of protein transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050747 positive regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050746 regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoproteins, any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050764 regulation of phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030100 regulation of endocytosis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the process in which phagocytes engulf external particulate material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050765 negative regulation of phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050764 regulation of phagocytosis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050766 positive regulation of phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050764 regulation of phagocytosis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050773 regulation of dendrite development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010975 regulation of neuron projection development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050774 negative regulation of dendrite morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048814 regulation of dendrite morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050775 positive regulation of dendrite morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031346 positive regulation of cell projection organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050803 regulation of synapse structure or activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality Any process that modulates the physical form or the activity of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050807 regulation of synapse organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the physical form of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050825 ice binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to ice, water reduced to the solid state by cold temperature. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050872 white fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045444 fat cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a white adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in energy storage. White adipocytes have cytoplasmic lipids arranged in a unique vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050873 brown fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045444 fat cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050885 neuromuscular process controlling balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050905 neuromuscular process Any process that an organism uses to control its balance, the orientation of the organism (or the head of the organism) in relation to the source of gravity. In humans and animals, balance is perceived through visual cues, the labyrinth system of the inner ears and information from skin pressure receptors and muscle and joint receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050901 leukocyte tethering or rolling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061756 leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell Transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Carbohydrates on circulating leukocytes bind selectins on the vessel wall causing the leukocytes to slow down and roll along the inner surface of the vessel wall. During this rolling motion, transitory bonds are formed and broken between selectins and their ligands. Typically the first step in cellular extravasation (the movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system, towards the site of tissue damage or infection). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050906 detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051606 detection of stimulus The series of events involved in sensory perception in which a sensory stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050907 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009593 detection of chemical stimulus The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050908 detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050962 detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events involved in visual perception in which a light stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050909 sensory perception of taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007606 sensory perception of chemical stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050917 sensory perception of umami taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050909 sensory perception of taste The series of events required to receive an umami taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050951 sensory perception of temperature stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050952 sensory perception of electrical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory electrical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050955 thermoception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050951 sensory perception of temperature stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive a temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Thermoception in larger animals is mainly done in the skin; mammals have at least two types of sensor, for detecting heat (temperatures above body temperature) and cold (temperatures below body temperature). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050956 electroception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050952 sensory perception of electrical stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive an electrical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Many fish possess an electroception sense; for example, the electric eel uses low voltage pulses of electricity for navigation and prey location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050957 equilibrioception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive an orientational stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Equilibrioception refers to a combination of processes by which an organism can perceive its orientation with respect to gravity. In animals, stimuli come from labyrinth system of the inner ears, monitoring the direction of motion; visual stimuli, with information on orientation and motion; pressure receptors, which tell the organism which body surfaces are in contact with the ground; and proprioceptive cues, which report which parts of the body are in motion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050962 detection of light stimulus involved in sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050906 detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events in which a light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal as part of the sensory perception of light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050963 detection of electrical stimulus involved in sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050981 detection of electrical stimulus The series of events in which an electrical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050964 detection of electrical stimulus involved in electroception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050963 detection of electrical stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events that contribute to electroception in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050966 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062149 detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050967 detection of electrical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062149 detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain The series of events that contribute to the perception of pain in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050968 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062149 detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050973 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in equilibrioception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050974 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events involved in equilibrioception in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. During equilibrioception, mechanical stimuli may be in the form of input from pressure receptors or from the labyrinth system of the inner ears. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050974 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050982 detection of mechanical stimulus The series of events in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050975 sensory perception of touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050954 sensory perception of mechanical stimulus The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050976 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050974 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events involved in the perception of touch in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051004 regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060191 regulation of lipase activity Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051005 negative regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060192 negative regulation of lipase activity Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051006 positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061365 positive regulation of triglyceride lipase activity Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051032 nucleic acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022884 macromolecule transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of nucleic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Nucleic acids are single or double-stranded polynucleotides involved in the storage, transmission and transfer of genetic information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051033 RNA transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051032 nucleic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of RNA, ribonucleic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051059 NF-kappaB binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061629 RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding Binding to NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051078 meiotic nuclear membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process The cell cycle process in which the controlled breakdown of the nuclear membranes during meiotic cell division occurs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051080 meiosis II nuclear membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051078 meiotic nuclear membrane disassembly The controlled breakdown of the nuclear membranes during the second division of meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051150 regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051147 regulation of muscle cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051151 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051148 negative regulation of muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051152 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051149 positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051208 sequestering of calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051651 maintenance of location in cell The process of binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051236 establishment of RNA localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051234 establishment of localization The directed movement of RNA to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051282 regulation of sequestering of calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032879 regulation of localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051284 positive regulation of sequestering of calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051303 establishment of chromosome localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050000 chromosome localization The directed movement of a chromosome to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051308 male meiosis chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051307 meiotic chromosome separation The process in which paired chromosomes are physically detached from each other during male meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051309 female meiosis chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016321 female meiosis chromosome segregation The process in which paired chromosomes are physically detached from each other during female meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051355 proprioception involved in equilibrioception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019230 proprioception The series of events contributing to equilibrioception by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception plays an important role in the ability of an organism to perceive its orientation with respect to gravity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051356 visual perception involved in equilibrioception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007601 visual perception The series of events during equilibrioception required for an organism to receive a visual stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Visual input plays an important role in the ability of an organism to perceive its orientation with respect to gravity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051379 epinephrine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042562 hormone binding Binding to epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051380 norepinephrine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to norepinephrine, (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol), a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051384 response to glucocorticoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031960 response to corticosteroid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051385 response to mineralocorticoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031960 response to corticosteroid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mineralocorticoid stimulus. Mineralocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol and characterized by their similarity to aldosterone. Mineralocorticoids act primarily on water and electrolyte balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051410 detoxification of nitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098754 detoxification Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of nitrogenous compounds which are dangerous or toxic. This includes the aerobic conversion of toxic compounds to harmless substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051457 maintenance of protein location in nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072595 maintenance of protein localization in organelle Any process in which a protein is maintained in the nucleus and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration within the nucleus, protein stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that escape the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051458 corticotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060986 endocrine hormone secretion The regulated release of corticotropin by a cell. Corticotropin hormone is a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted from corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) released by the hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051459 regulation of corticotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropic hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051460 negative regulation of corticotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropic hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051461 positive regulation of corticotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090277 positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051465 negative regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043397 regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051466 positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043397 regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051546 keratinocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration The directed movement of a keratinocyte, epidermal cells which synthesize keratin, from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051547 regulation of keratinocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010632 regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051548 negative regulation of keratinocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010633 negative regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051549 positive regulation of keratinocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010634 positive regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051560 mitochondrial calcium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006874 intracellular calcium ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the cytoplasm of a cell or between mitochondria and their surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051580 regulation of neurotransmitter uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051588 regulation of neurotransmitter transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051581 negative regulation of neurotransmitter uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051589 negative regulation of neurotransmitter transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051582 positive regulation of neurotransmitter uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051590 positive regulation of neurotransmitter transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051588 regulation of neurotransmitter transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051589 negative regulation of neurotransmitter transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051615 histamine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098657 import into cell The directed movement of histamine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051616 regulation of histamine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051580 regulation of neurotransmitter uptake Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter histamine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051617 negative regulation of histamine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051616 regulation of histamine uptake Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of histamine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051618 positive regulation of histamine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051616 regulation of histamine uptake Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of histamine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051620 norepinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015874 norepinephrine transport The directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051621 regulation of norepinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051622 negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051623 positive regulation of norepinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051625 epinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048241 epinephrine transport The directed movement of epinephrine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Epinephrine is a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051626 regulation of epinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter epinephrine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051627 negative regulation of epinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of epinephrine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051628 positive regulation of epinephrine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of epinephrine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051630 acetylcholine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015870 acetylcholine transport The directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051631 regulation of acetylcholine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051952 regulation of amine transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051632 negative regulation of acetylcholine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051953 negative regulation of amine transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051633 positive regulation of acetylcholine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051954 positive regulation of amine transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051641 cellular localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization A cellular localization process whereby a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a cell including the localization of substances or cellular entities to the cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051645 Golgi localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization Any process in which the Golgi is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051652 maintenance of chromosome location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050000 chromosome localization Any process in which a chromosome is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051657 maintenance of organelle location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051651 maintenance of location in cell Any process in which an organelle is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051683 establishment of Golgi localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051656 establishment of organelle localization The directed movement of the Golgi to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051684 maintenance of Golgi location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051657 maintenance of organelle location Any process in which the Golgi is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051784 negative regulation of nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010639 negative regulation of organelle organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear division, the partitioning of the nucleus and its genetic information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051785 positive regulation of nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear division, the partitioning of the nucleus and its genetic information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051794 regulation of timing of catagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048819 regulation of hair follicle maturation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051795 positive regulation of timing of catagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051794 regulation of timing of catagen Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051796 negative regulation of timing of catagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051794 regulation of timing of catagen Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of timing of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051797 regulation of hair follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042634 regulation of hair cycle Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051798 positive regulation of hair follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051799 negative regulation of hair follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051884 regulation of timing of anagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048819 regulation of hair follicle maturation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051885 positive regulation of timing of anagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051884 regulation of timing of anagen Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051886 negative regulation of timing of anagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051884 regulation of timing of anagen Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051887 regulation of timing of exogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048819 regulation of hair follicle maturation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051888 positive regulation of timing of exogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051887 regulation of timing of exogen Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051889 negative regulation of timing of exogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051887 regulation of timing of exogen Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of timing of exogen, the shedding phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051891 positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051890 regulation of cardioblast differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051917 regulation of fibrinolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030193 regulation of blood coagulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051918 negative regulation of fibrinolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048519 negative regulation of biological process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051919 positive regulation of fibrinolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030195 negative regulation of blood coagulation Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051931 regulation of sensory perception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031644 regulation of nervous system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception, the series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051939 gamma-aminobutyric acid import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015812 gamma-aminobutyric acid transport The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051964 negative regulation of synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905809 negative regulation of synapse organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051965 positive regulation of synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051963 regulation of synapse assembly Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051984 positive regulation of chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055013 cardiac muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055006 cardiac cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060282 positive regulation of oocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that increases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060283 negative regulation of oocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060456 positive regulation of digestive system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044058 regulation of digestive system process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060872 semicircular canal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development The progression of the semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061138 morphogenesis of a branching epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of a branched epithelium are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061365 positive regulation of triglyceride lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060193 positive regulation of lipase activity Any process that increases the activity of triglyceride lipase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061550 cranial ganglion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061548 ganglion development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061572 actin filament bundle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007015 actin filament organization A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an actin filament bundle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070201 regulation of establishment of protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070570 regulation of neuron projection regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010975 regulation of neuron projection development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection regeneration, the regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites following their loss or damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070571 negative regulation of neuron projection regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010977 negative regulation of neuron projection development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron projection regeneration, the regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites following their loss or damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070572 positive regulation of neuron projection regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010976 positive regulation of neuron projection development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron projection regeneration, the regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites following their loss or damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070585 protein localization to mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072676 lymphocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071674 mononuclear cell migration The movement of a lymphocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072677 eosinophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097530 granulocyte migration The movement of an eosinophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090278 negative regulation of peptide hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the regulated release of a peptide hormone from secretory granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090279 regulation of calcium ion import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090280 positive regulation of calcium ion import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051928 positive regulation of calcium ion transport Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090281 negative regulation of calcium ion import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051926 negative regulation of calcium ion transport Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090493 catecholamine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051937 catecholamine transport The directed movement of catecholamine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090494 dopamine uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015872 dopamine transport The directed movement of dopamine into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097553 calcium ion transmembrane import into cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070588 calcium ion transmembrane transport A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other into the cytosol by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098728 germline stem cell asymmetric division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098722 asymmetric stem cell division The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell, to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell which will divide to form one or more gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099569 presynaptic cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005856 cytoskeleton The portion of the cytoskeleton contained within the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900006 positive regulation of dendrite development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010976 positive regulation of neuron projection development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900060 negative regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090155 negative regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a ceramide biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900076 regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900077 negative regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048585 negative regulation of response to stimulus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900078 positive regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900377 negative regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900376 regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901570 fatty acid derivative biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901568 fatty acid derivative metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acid derivative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901694 positive regulation of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901862 negative regulation of muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901861 regulation of muscle tissue development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901863 positive regulation of muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901861 regulation of muscle tissue development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901889 negative regulation of cell junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell junction assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901890 positive regulation of cell junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell junction assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901970 positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905820 positive regulation of chromosome separation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902100 negative regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901988 negative regulation of cell cycle phase transition Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902101 positive regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901989 positive regulation of cell cycle phase transition Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902284 neuron projection extension involved in neuron projection guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990138 neuron projection extension Any neuron projection extension that is involved in neuron projection guidance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902667 regulation of axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010975 regulation of neuron projection development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon guidance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902668 negative regulation of axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010977 negative regulation of neuron projection development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon guidance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902669 positive regulation of axon guidance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010976 positive regulation of neuron projection development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon guidance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902680 positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001141 regulation of RNA biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902876 negative regulation of embryonic pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic pattern specification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902877 positive regulation of embryonic pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic pattern specification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903034 regulation of response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080134 regulation of response to stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903035 negative regulation of response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048585 negative regulation of response to stimulus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903036 positive regulation of response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048584 positive regulation of response to stimulus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903037 regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903038 negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022408 negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903039 positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022409 positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903169 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903170 negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051926 negative regulation of calcium ion transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903523 negative regulation of blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903524 positive regulation of blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903579 negative regulation of ATP metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010563 negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ATP metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903580 positive regulation of ATP metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010562 positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ATP metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904397 negative regulation of neuromuscular junction development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905809 negative regulation of synapse organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular junction development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904398 positive regulation of neuromuscular junction development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904396 regulation of neuromuscular junction development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular junction development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904427 positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051928 positive regulation of calcium ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904731 positive regulation of intestinal lipid absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904729 regulation of intestinal lipid absorption Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal lipid absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904888 cranial skeletal system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial skeletal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cranial skeletal system is the skeletal subdivision of the head, and includes the skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904950 negative regulation of establishment of protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904951 positive regulation of establishment of protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903829 positive regulation of protein localization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905207 regulation of cardiocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905208 negative regulation of cardiocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905209 positive regulation of cardiocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905517 macrophage migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097529 myeloid leukocyte migration The orderly movement of a macrophage from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905772 positive regulation of mesodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesodermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990009 retinal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a retinal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990138 neuron projection extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000171 negative regulation of dendrite development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010977 negative regulation of neuron projection development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000303 regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090153 regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a ceramide biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000304 positive regulation of ceramide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090154 positive regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ceramide biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000736 regulation of stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000737 negative regulation of stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000736 regulation of stem cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000738 positive regulation of stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000816 negative regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033048 negative regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000832 negative regulation of steroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046888 negative regulation of hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of steroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000833 positive regulation of steroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046887 positive regulation of hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of steroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000849 regulation of glucocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000846 regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000850 negative regulation of glucocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000847 negative regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000851 positive regulation of glucocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000848 positive regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903680 acinar cell of sebaceous gland differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090425 acinar cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an acinar cell of sebaceous gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903697 negative regulation of microvillus assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120033 negative regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microvillus assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903698 positive regulation of microvillus assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120034 positive regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microvillus assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903699 tarsal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048733 sebaceous gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tarsal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903700 caecum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a caecum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903701 substantia propria of cornea development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a substantia propria of cornea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903702 esophagus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an esophagus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903703 enterocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060575 intestinal epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an enterocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903709 uterine gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an uterine gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903715 regulation of aerobic respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043457 regulation of cellular respiration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aerobic respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903728 luteal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a luteal cell. Large luteal cells develop from granulosa cells. Small luteal cells develop from theca cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903782 regulation of sodium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902305 regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion import across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903783 negative regulation of sodium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902306 negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion import across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903784 positive regulation of sodium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902307 positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion import across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903789 regulation of amino acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034762 regulation of transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amino acid transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903823 telomere single strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000012 single strand break repair Single strand break repair that takes place in a telomere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903824 negative regulation of telomere single strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903517 negative regulation of single strand break repair Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of telomere single strand break repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903847 regulation of aorta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905651 regulation of artery morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aorta morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903848 negative regulation of aorta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905652 negative regulation of artery morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aorta morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903849 positive regulation of aorta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905653 positive regulation of artery morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aorta morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903862 positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901857 positive regulation of cellular respiration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative phosphorylation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903903 regulation of establishment of T cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000114 regulation of establishment of cell polarity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of T cell polarity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903904 negative regulation of establishment of T cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868 negative regulation of T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of T cell polarity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903905 positive regulation of establishment of T cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050870 positive regulation of T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of T cell polarity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903929 primary palate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060021 roof of mouth development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a primary palate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903941 negative regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043576 regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of respiratory gaseous exchange. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903942 positive regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043576 regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of respiratory gaseous exchange. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903943 regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903944 negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904036 negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903945 positive regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904037 positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903950 negative regulation of AV node cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098904 regulation of AV node cell action potential Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of AV node cell action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903951 positive regulation of AV node cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098904 regulation of AV node cell action potential Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of AV node cell action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903978 regulation of microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043030 regulation of macrophage activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903979 negative regulation of microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150079 negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903980 positive regulation of microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150078 positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903985 regulation of intestinal D-glucose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904478 regulation of intestinal absorption Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal D-glucose absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903988 iron ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140115 export across plasma membrane The directed movement of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903999 negative regulation of eating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903998 regulation of eating behavior Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eating behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904000 positive regulation of eating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903998 regulation of eating behavior Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eating behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904002 regulation of sebum secreting cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sebum secreting cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904003 negative regulation of sebum secreting cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sebum secreting cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904004 positive regulation of sebum secreting cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sebum secreting cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904014 response to serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a serotonin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904015 cellular response to serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901699 cellular response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a serotonin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904026 regulation of collagen fibril organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903053 regulation of extracellular matrix organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collagen fibril organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904027 negative regulation of collagen fibril organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903054 negative regulation of extracellular matrix organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collagen fibril organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904028 positive regulation of collagen fibril organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902905 positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collagen fibril organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904038 regulation of iron export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034759 regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904039 negative regulation of iron export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034760 negative regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904040 positive regulation of iron export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034761 positive regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904044 response to aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097305 response to alcohol Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aldosterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904045 cellular response to aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110096 cellular response to aldehyde Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aldosterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904054 regulation of cholangiocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904055 negative regulation of cholangiocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050680 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904056 positive regulation of cholangiocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050679 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904057 negative regulation of sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051930 regulation of sensory perception of pain Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904058 positive regulation of sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051930 regulation of sensory perception of pain Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904059 regulation of locomotor rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of locomotor rhythm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904060 negative regulation of locomotor rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042754 negative regulation of circadian rhythm Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of locomotor rhythm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904061 positive regulation of locomotor rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048520 positive regulation of behavior Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of locomotor rhythm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904065 G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007213 G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway Any G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway that is involved in positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904073 regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trophectodermal cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904074 negative regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of trophectodermal cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904075 positive regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of trophectodermal cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904092 regulation of autophagic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043067 regulation of programmed cell death Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagic cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904093 negative regulation of autophagic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043069 negative regulation of programmed cell death Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagic cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904094 positive regulation of autophagic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043068 positive regulation of programmed cell death Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagic cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904106 protein localization to microvillus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a microvillus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904116 response to vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043434 response to peptide hormone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vasopressin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904117 cellular response to vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071375 cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vasopressin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904118 regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904119 negative regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905331 negative regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904120 positive regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905332 positive regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904145 negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904146 positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904170 regulation of bleb assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bleb assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904171 negative regulation of bleb assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120033 negative regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bleb assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904172 positive regulation of bleb assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120034 positive regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bleb assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904177 regulation of adipose tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904178 negative regulation of adipose tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904179 positive regulation of adipose tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904192 regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904193 negative regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904036 negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904194 positive regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904037 positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904195 regulation of granulosa cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904196 negative regulation of granulosa cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050680 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904197 positive regulation of granulosa cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050679 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904204 regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014743 regulation of muscle hypertrophy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904205 negative regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014745 negative regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904206 positive regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014744 positive regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904254 regulation of iron ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032412 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an iron transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904255 negative regulation of iron ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032413 negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an iron transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904256 positive regulation of iron ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034761 positive regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an iron transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904266 regulation of Schwann cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900147 regulation of Schwann cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904267 negative regulation of Schwann cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900148 negative regulation of Schwann cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904268 positive regulation of Schwann cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900149 positive regulation of Schwann cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904269 cell leading edge cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099738 cell cortex region The cell cortex of the leading edge of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904304 regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006940 regulation of smooth muscle contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904305 negative regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904304 regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904306 positive regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904304 regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904318 regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044062 regulation of excretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904319 negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904318 regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904320 positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904318 regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904338 regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904339 negative regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904340 positive regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904341 regulation of colon smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904304 regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of colon smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904342 negative regulation of colon smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904341 regulation of colon smooth muscle contraction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of colon smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904343 positive regulation of colon smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904341 regulation of colon smooth muscle contraction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of colon smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904344 regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903522 regulation of blood circulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gastric mucosal blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904345 negative regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904344 regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gastric mucosal blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904346 positive regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904344 regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gastric mucosal blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904347 regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904304 regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904348 negative regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904347 regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904349 positive regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904347 regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904350 regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042176 regulation of protein catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein catabolic process in the vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904351 negative regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042177 negative regulation of protein catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein catabolic process in the vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904352 positive regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045732 positive regulation of protein catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein catabolic process in the vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904362 regulation of calcitonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcitonin secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904363 negative regulation of calcitonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904362 regulation of calcitonin secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcitonin secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904364 positive regulation of calcitonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090277 positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcitonin secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904390 cone retinal bipolar cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060040 retinal bipolar neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a cone retinal bipolar cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904408 melatonin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097159 organic cyclic compound binding Binding to melatonin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904409 regulation of secretory granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secretory granule organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904410 negative regulation of secretory granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010639 negative regulation of organelle organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of secretory granule organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904411 positive regulation of secretory granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of secretory granule organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904412 regulation of cardiac ventricle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904413 negative regulation of cardiac ventricle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904414 positive regulation of cardiac ventricle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904438 regulation of iron ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060341 regulation of cellular localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of iron ions import across plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904439 negative regulation of iron ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034760 negative regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of iron ions import across plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904440 positive regulation of iron ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034761 positive regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of iron ions import across plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904456 negative regulation of neuronal action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051970 negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuronal action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904457 positive regulation of neuronal action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051971 positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuronal action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904478 regulation of intestinal absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904479 negative regulation of intestinal absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060457 negative regulation of digestive system process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904480 positive regulation of intestinal absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904484 cloacal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cloacal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904588 cellular response to glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904587 response to glycoprotein Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoprotein stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904606 fat cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a fat cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904633 regulation of podocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904634 negative regulation of podocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904036 negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904635 positive regulation of podocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904037 positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904649 regulation of fat cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904650 negative regulation of fat cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904649 regulation of fat cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904651 positive regulation of fat cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904653 regulation of lung alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lung alveolus development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904654 negative regulation of lung alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lung alveolus development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904655 positive regulation of lung alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lung alveolus development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904656 regulation of sensory perception of sweet taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051931 regulation of sensory perception Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of sweet taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904657 negative regulation of sensory perception of sweet taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031645 negative regulation of nervous system process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of sweet taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904658 positive regulation of sensory perception of sweet taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031646 positive regulation of nervous system process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of sweet taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904660 regulation of sensory perception of bitter taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051931 regulation of sensory perception Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of bitter taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904661 negative regulation of sensory perception of bitter taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031645 negative regulation of nervous system process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of bitter taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904662 positive regulation of sensory perception of bitter taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031646 positive regulation of nervous system process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of bitter taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904671 negative regulation of cell differentiation involved in stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045596 negative regulation of cell differentiation Any negative regulation of cell differentiation that is involved in stem cell population maintenance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904675 regulation of somatic stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000035 regulation of stem cell division Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904676 negative regulation of somatic stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051782 negative regulation of cell division Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904677 positive regulation of somatic stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051781 positive regulation of cell division Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904691 negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061469 regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904692 positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061469 regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904693 midbrain morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The developmental process by which a midbrain is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904697 regulation of acinar cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acinar cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904698 negative regulation of acinar cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050680 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of acinar cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904699 positive regulation of acinar cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050679 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of acinar cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904700 granulosa cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a granulosa cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904705 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048660 regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904706 negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904705 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904707 positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904705 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904708 regulation of granulosa cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904709 negative regulation of granulosa cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904036 negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904710 positive regulation of granulosa cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904037 positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904726 regulation of replicative senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of replicative senescence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904727 negative regulation of replicative senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031324 negative regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of replicative senescence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904728 positive regulation of replicative senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031325 positive regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of replicative senescence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904738 vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014909 smooth muscle cell migration The orderly movement of a vascular associated smooth muscle cell from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904749 regulation of protein localization to nucleolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900180 regulation of protein localization to nucleus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904750 negative regulation of protein localization to nucleolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900181 negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904751 positive regulation of protein localization to nucleolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900182 positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904752 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014910 regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904753 negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014912 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904754 positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014911 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904760 regulation of myofibroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904761 negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904760 regulation of myofibroblast differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904762 positive regulation of myofibroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904770 intramembranous bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060349 bone morphogenesis The developmental process by which an intramembranous bone is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904776 regulation of protein localization to cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904375 regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904777 negative regulation of protein localization to cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904376 negative regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904778 positive regulation of protein localization to cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904377 positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904793 regulation of euchromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035561 regulation of chromatin binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of euchromatin binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904794 negative regulation of euchromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035562 negative regulation of chromatin binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of euchromatin binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904795 positive regulation of euchromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035563 positive regulation of chromatin binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of euchromatin binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904799 regulation of neuron remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014041 regulation of neuron maturation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904800 negative regulation of neuron remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014043 negative regulation of neuron maturation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904801 positive regulation of neuron remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014042 positive regulation of neuron maturation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904817 serous membrane development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a serous membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904818 visceral peritoneum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a visceral peritoneum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904819 parietal peritoneum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a parietal peritoneum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904820 peritoneum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904817 serous membrane development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a peritoneum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904829 regulation of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905063 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904830 negative regulation of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905064 negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904831 positive regulation of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905065 positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904835 dorsal root ganglion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061552 ganglion morphogenesis The developmental process by which a dorsal root ganglion is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904836 facioacoustic ganglion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061559 cranial ganglion morphogenesis The developmental process by which an acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904860 DNA synthesis involved in mitotic DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090592 DNA synthesis involved in DNA replication Any DNA biosynthetic process that is involved in mitotic DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904889 regulation of excitatory synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051963 regulation of synapse assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory synapse assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904890 negative regulation of excitatory synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904889 regulation of excitatory synapse assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory synapse assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904891 positive regulation of excitatory synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904889 regulation of excitatory synapse assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory synapse assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904897 regulation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048145 regulation of fibroblast proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904898 negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904897 regulation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904899 positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904897 regulation of hepatic stellate cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904933 regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000177 regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904934 negative regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904933 regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904935 positive regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000179 positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904937 sensory neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001764 neuron migration The orderly movement of a sensory neuron from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904942 regulation of cardiac ventricle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901210 regulation of cardiac chamber formation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904943 negative regulation of cardiac ventricle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901211 negative regulation of cardiac chamber formation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904944 positive regulation of cardiac ventricle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901212 positive regulation of cardiac chamber formation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904948 midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071542 dopaminergic neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a midbrain dopaminergic neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904956 regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904338 regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904957 negative regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904956 regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904958 positive regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904956 regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904977 lymphatic endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043542 endothelial cell migration The orderly movement of a lymphatic endothelial cell from one site to another in the wall of a lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904987 regulation of endothelial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050865 regulation of cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904988 negative regulation of endothelial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050866 negative regulation of cell activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904989 positive regulation of endothelial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050867 positive regulation of cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905011 transmembrane phosphate ion transport from cytosol to vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035435 phosphate ion transmembrane transport The directed movement of phosphate ions from the cytosol across the vacuolar membrane and into the vacuolar lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905040 otic placode development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071696 ectodermal placode development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an otic placode over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905044 regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010624 regulation of Schwann cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905045 negative regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010626 negative regulation of Schwann cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905046 positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010625 positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905051 regulation of base-excision repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006282 regulation of DNA repair Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of base-excision repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905052 negative regulation of base-excision repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045738 negative regulation of DNA repair Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of base-excision repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905053 positive regulation of base-excision repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045739 positive regulation of DNA repair Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of base-excision repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905063 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051150 regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905064 negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905063 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905065 positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905063 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905069 allantois development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903867 extraembryonic membrane development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an allantois over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905070 anterior visceral endoderm cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of an anterior visceral endoderm cell from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905071 tight junction disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150147 cell-cell junction disassembly The disaggregation of an tight junction into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905072 cardiac jelly development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac jelly over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cardiac jelly is an acellular gelatinous matrix secreted by the myocardium and plays a central role in the septation of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905073 regulation of tight junction disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction disassembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905074 negative regulation of tight junction disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction disassembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905075 positive regulation of tight junction disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction disassembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905079 regulation of cerebellar neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cerebellar neuron development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905080 negative regulation of cerebellar neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cerebellar neuron development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905081 positive regulation of cerebellar neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cerebellar neuron development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905082 regulation of mitochondrial translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006448 regulation of translational elongation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905083 negative regulation of mitochondrial translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070130 negative regulation of mitochondrial translation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905084 positive regulation of mitochondrial translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905082 regulation of mitochondrial translational elongation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905126 regulation of axo-dendritic protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033157 regulation of intracellular protein transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axo-dendritic protein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905127 negative regulation of axo-dendritic protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090317 negative regulation of intracellular protein transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axo-dendritic protein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905128 positive regulation of axo-dendritic protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090316 positive regulation of intracellular protein transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axo-dendritic protein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905139 apical ectodermal ridge formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the apical ectodermal ridge. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905140 regulation of apical ectodermal ridge formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apical ectodermal ridge formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905141 negative regulation of apical ectodermal ridge formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apical ectodermal ridge formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905142 positive regulation of apical ectodermal ridge formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apical ectodermal ridge formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905144 response to acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetylcholine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905146 lysosomal protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007039 protein catabolic process in the vacuole Any cellular protein catabolic process that takes place in a lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905147 regulation of smooth muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043502 regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905148 negative regulation of smooth muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014745 negative regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905149 positive regulation of smooth muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014744 positive regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905165 regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904350 regulation of protein catabolic process in the vacuole Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lysosomal protein catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905166 negative regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905165 regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lysosomal protein catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905167 positive regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905165 regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lysosomal protein catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905178 regulation of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905179 negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048640 negative regulation of developmental growth Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905180 positive regulation of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048639 positive regulation of developmental growth Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905198 manchette assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a manchette. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905199 manchette disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism The disaggregation of a manchette into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905210 regulation of fibroblast chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050920 regulation of chemotaxis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905211 negative regulation of fibroblast chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050922 negative regulation of chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905212 positive regulation of fibroblast chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050921 positive regulation of chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905213 negative regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic chromosome condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905215 negative regulation of RNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905214 regulation of RNA binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905219 regulation of platelet formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022604 regulation of cell morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905220 negative regulation of platelet formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045638 negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of platelet formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905221 positive regulation of platelet formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010770 positive regulation of cell morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905222 atrioventricular canal morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The developmental process by which an atrioventricular canal is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905223 epicardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The developmental process by which an epicardium is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905232 cellular response to L-glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902065 response to L-glutamate Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-glutamate(1-) stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905277 negative regulation of epithelial tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905276 regulation of epithelial tube formation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial tube formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905285 fibrous ring of heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The developmental process by which a fibrous ring of heart is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905288 vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034390 smooth muscle cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a vascular associated smooth muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905298 regulation of intestinal epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal epithelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905299 negative regulation of intestinal epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010721 negative regulation of cell development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal epithelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905300 positive regulation of intestinal epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal epithelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905304 regulation of cardiac myofibril assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902115 regulation of organelle assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac myofibril assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905305 negative regulation of cardiac myofibril assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000726 negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac myofibril assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905306 positive regulation of cardiac myofibril assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902117 positive regulation of organelle assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac myofibril assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905310 regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905311 negative regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030336 negative regulation of cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905312 positive regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030335 positive regulation of cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905315 cell proliferation involved in endocardial cushion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061323 cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis Any cell proliferation that is involved in endocardial cushion morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905319 mesenchymal stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a mesenchymal stem cell from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905320 regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905321 negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030336 negative regulation of cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905322 positive regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030335 positive regulation of cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905333 regulation of gastric motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044058 regulation of digestive system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gastric motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905351 pericyte cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a pericyte cell from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905384 regulation of protein localization to presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902473 regulation of protein localization to synapse Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905385 negative regulation of protein localization to presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905386 positive regulation of protein localization to presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902474 positive regulation of protein localization to synapse Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905432 regulation of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099177 regulation of trans-synaptic signaling Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905433 negative regulation of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010648 negative regulation of cell communication Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905434 positive regulation of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010647 positive regulation of cell communication Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905453 regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901532 regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905454 negative regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901533 negative regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905455 positive regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901534 positive regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905456 regulation of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901532 regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905457 negative regulation of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901533 negative regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905458 positive regulation of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901534 positive regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905459 regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034391 regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905460 negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034392 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905461 positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034393 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905492 positive regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of branching morphogenesis of a nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905503 regulation of motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902017 regulation of cilium assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motile cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905504 negative regulation of motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902018 negative regulation of cilium assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motile cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905505 positive regulation of motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045724 positive regulation of cilium assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of motile cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905550 regulation of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905551 negative regulation of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905552 positive regulation of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903829 positive regulation of protein localization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905553 regulation of blood vessel branching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel branching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905554 negative regulation of vessel branching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016525 negative regulation of angiogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel branching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905555 positive regulation of blood vessel branching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045766 positive regulation of angiogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel branching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905557 regulation of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010549 regulation of membrane disassembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905558 negative regulation of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905559 positive regulation of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905562 regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001936 regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905563 negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001937 negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905564 positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001938 positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905606 regulation of presynapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051963 regulation of synapse assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of presynapse assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905607 negative regulation of presynapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905606 regulation of presynapse assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of presynapse assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905608 positive regulation of presynapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of presynapse assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905627 regulation of serotonin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of serotonin biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905628 negative regulation of serotonin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of serotonin biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905629 positive regulation of serotonin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009891 positive regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of serotonin biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905651 regulation of artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of artery morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905652 negative regulation of artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000181 negative regulation of blood vessel morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of artery morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905653 positive regulation of artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051094 positive regulation of developmental process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of artery morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905819 negative regulation of chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905818 regulation of chromosome separation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990188 euchromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003682 chromatin binding Binding to euchromatin, a dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990654 sebum secreting cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of sebocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A sebocyte is an epithelial cell that makes up the sebaceous glands, and secrete sebum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990705 cholangiocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cholangiocytes, resulting in the expansion of the cholangiocyte population. A cholangiocyte is an epithelial cell that is part of the bile duct. Cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via net release of bicarbonate and water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990739 granulosa cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of granulosa cells, resulting in the expansion of the granulosa cells population. A granulosa cell is a supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990751 Schwann cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036135 Schwann cell migration The directed movement of a Schwann cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990765 colon smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006939 smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry of the large intestine, exclusive of the rectum. The colon is that part of the large intestine that connects the small intestine to the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990768 gastric mucosal blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008015 blood circulation The flow of blood through the gastric mucosa of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients and the removal of waste products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990770 small intestine smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006939 smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry in the intestine between the stomach and the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990791 dorsal root ganglion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061548 ganglion development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dorsal root ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990863 acinar cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of acinar cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. An acinar cell is a secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape-shaped clusters known as acini (singular acinus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990874 vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048659 smooth muscle cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. A vascular smooth muscle cell is a non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990922 hepatic stellate cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048144 fibroblast proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of hepatic stellate cells, resulting in the expansion of a hepatic stellate cell population. Hepatic stellate cells are found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver, and are capable of multiple roles including storage of retinol, presentation of antigen to T cells (including CD1d-restricted NKT cells), and upon activation, production of extracellular matrix components. This cell type comprises approximately 8-15% of total cells in the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990956 fibroblast chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060326 cell chemotaxis The directed movement of a fibroblast guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000018 regulation of male gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905939 regulation of gonad development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of male gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000019 negative regulation of male gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905940 negative regulation of gonad development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of male gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000020 positive regulation of male gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905941 positive regulation of gonad development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of male gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000035 regulation of stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051302 regulation of cell division Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000172 regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of branching morphogenesis of a nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000252 negative regulation of feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060259 regulation of feeding behavior Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of feeding behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000253 positive regulation of feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060259 regulation of feeding behavior Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of feeding behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000504 positive regulation of blood vessel remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060312 regulation of blood vessel remodeling Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000781 positive regulation of double-strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000779 regulation of double-strand break repair Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001222 regulation of neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001223 negative regulation of neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030336 negative regulation of cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001224 positive regulation of neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030335 positive regulation of cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000000 processual entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000003 naris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000161 orifice Orifice of the olfactory system. The naris is the route by which odorants enter the olfactory system[MAH]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000006 islet of Langerhans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster The clusters of hormone-producing cells that are scattered throughout the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000009 submucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A layer of dense irregular connective tissue that lines organs and supports the mucosa, as well as joins the mucosa to the bulk of underlying smooth muscle. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000011 parasympathetic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000012 somatic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision Part of peripheral nervous system that includes the somatic parts of the cranial and spinal nerves and their ganglia and the peripheral sensory receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000013 sympathetic nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter [GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000015 non-material anatomical boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity A non-material anatomical entity of two dimensions. Anatomical boundaries are contiguous structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000018 compound eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015165 multi-unit eye A light sensing organ composed of ommatidia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000019 camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An organ of sight that includes the camera-type eyeball and supporting structures such as the lacrimal apparatus, the conjunctiva, the eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit Any hollow cylindrical anatomical structure containing a lumen through which substances are transported. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000026 appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision Major subdivision of an organism that protrudes from the body[DOS, CARO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000030 lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A thin layer of loose connective tissue which lies beneath the epithelium and together with the epithelium constitutes the mucosa[WP]. The lamina propria contains capillaries and a central lacteal (lymph vessel) in the small intestine, as well as lymphoid tissue. Lamina propria also contains glands with the ducts opening on to the mucosal epithelium, that secrete mucus and serous secretions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000031 lamina propria of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004779 respiratory system lamina propria A lamina propria that is part of a respiratory airway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000035 primary ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001305 ovarian follicle An ovarian follicle that has one layer of granulosa cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000036 secondary ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001305 ovarian follicle A maturing ovarian follicle that has two more more layers of granulosa cells, up to the onset of antrum formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000037 tertiary ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001305 ovarian follicle A follicle that has reached the most mature stage of folliculogenesis, characterized by the presence of the antrum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000038 follicular fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance The fluid surrounding the ovum and granulosa cells in the ovarian follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000039 follicular antrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space Region of ovarian follicle filled with follicular fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of a secretory epithelial layer (mesothelium) and a connective tissue layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000043 tendon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007846 dense regular connective tissue Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone[VSAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000044 dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain. (MSH) * ganglion found on the posterior root of each spinal nerve, composed of the unipolar nerve cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the nerve. (CSP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000045 ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000047 simple eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000970 eye An eye with one concave chamber. Note that 'simple' does not imply a reduced level of complexity or acuity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000052 fornix of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain A C-shaped bundle of fibres (axons) in the brain, and carries signals from the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies and septal nuclei. It is typically divided into the columns (crus), body, commissure and the pre-commissural and post-commissural fornix (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000053 macula lutea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An oval area in the retina, usually located temporal to the posterior pole of the eye and slightly below the level of the optic disk. It is characterized by the presence of a yellow pigment diffusely permeating the inner layers, contains the fovea centralis in its center, and provides the best phototopic visual acuity. It is devoid of retinal blood vessels, except in its periphery, and receives nourishment from the choriocapillaris of the choroid. (From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000054 macula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Thickened areas of the saccule or utricle where the termination of the vestibular nerve occurs[MESH,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit A tubular structure that contains, conveys body fluid, such as blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000058 duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit A tubular structure that transports secreted or excreted substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000060 anatomical wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Organ component adjacent to an organ cavity and which consists of a maximal aggregate of organ component layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part A part of an organ that constitutes a distinct modular sub-unit. In some cases, the organ may also contain other sub-units of identical or similar types, in other cases this may be a distinct entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A multicellular structure that is a part of an organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000066 fully formed stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage The stage of development at which the animal is fully formed, including immaturity and maturity. Includes both sexually immature stage, and adult stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000068 embryo stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A life cycle stage that starts with fertilization and ends with the fully formed embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000069 larval stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A distinct juvenile stage many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000071 death stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage End of the life of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000072 proximo-distal subdivision of respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube An section of a respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000073 regional part of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure Any part or collection of parts of the central or peripheral nervous system. Parts may span both CNS and PNS. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000074 renal glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements and articular elements that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000076 external ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The surface (external) layer of ectoderm which begins to proliferate shortly after separation from the neuroectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An anatomical structure that develops from the endoderm and the mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000078 mixed ectoderm/mesoderm/endoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An anatomical structure that develops from the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000080 mesonephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The second stage of the kidney. It serves as the main excretory organ of aquatic vertebrates and as a temporary embryonic kidney in higher vertebrates. It is composed of the mesonephric duct (also called the Wolffian duct), mesonephric tubules, and associated capillary tufts. A single tubule and its associated capillary tuft is called a mesonephric excretory unit; these units are similar in structure and function to nephrons of the adult kidney. The mesonephros is derived from intermediate mesoderm in the vertebrate embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000081 metanephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000083 mesonephric tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros[GO]. Genital ridge that is next to the mesonephros[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000084 ureteric bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct An epithelial swelling on the Wolffian duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000085 morula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo A spherical embryonic mass of blastomeres formed before the blastula and resulting from cleavage of the fertilized ovum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000086 zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane A glycoprotein membrane surrounding the plasma membrane of an oocyte. It is a vital constitutive part of the latter, external but not extraneous to it. The zona pellucida first appears in multilaminar primary oocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000087 inner cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A mass of cells that develop into the body of the embryo and some extraembryonic tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000088 trophoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The mesectodermal cell layer arising from the trophectoderm that erodes the uterine mucosa and contributes to the formation of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000089 hypoblast (generic) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Missing definition for term UBERON:0000089. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000091 bilaminar disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A flattened, almost circular bilaminar plate of cells formed when the inner cell mass (aka embryoblast) forms two epithelial layers, each of a distinct lineage, separated by an extracellular basement membrane: the external (dorsal) layer is called the epiblast and the internal (ventral) layer is called the hypoblast (aka primitive endoderm); together, they compose the bilaminar embryonic disc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000092 post-embryonic stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage Stage succeeding embryo, including mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000093 sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A depression or fissure in the surface of an organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000094 membrane organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. [FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000095 cardiac neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Portion of neural crest that develops from the dorsal neural tube. It overlaps the vagal neural crest and migrates to populate the pharyngeal arches 3, 4 and 6 (producing structures in the head) and to the heart, forming connective tissue that separates the great vessels of the heart. [Wikipedia]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000101 lobe of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009912 anatomical lobe A lung lobe is one of the rounded projections that compose the lung[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000102 lung vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ The lung vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000104 life cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000000 processual entity An entire span of an organism's life. In metazoans, commences with the zygote stage and ends with the death of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000000 processual entity A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000106 zygote stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A stage at which the organism is a single cell produced by means of sexual reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000107 cleavage stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg; Stage consisting of division of cells in the early embryo. The zygotes of many species undergo rapid cell cycles with no significant growth, producing a cluster of cells the same size as the original zygote. The different cells derived from cleavage are called blastomeres and form a compact mass called the morula. Cleavage ends with the formation of the blastula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000108 blastula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage An early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000109 gastrula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A stage defined by complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000110 neurula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage Staged defined by the formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000111 organogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A stage at which the ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm develop into the internal organs of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000113 post-juvenile adult stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage The stage of being a sexually mature adult animal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000114 lung connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003837 thoracic segment connective tissue The connective tissue located between the respiratory (airway and alveolar) epithelium, the capillary endothelium and pleural mesothelium; it contains basement membrane composed of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000115 lung epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004815 lower respiratory tract epithelium The epithelial layer of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000116 lung saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Primitive gas exchange portion of the lung composed of type I and type II cells[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000117 respiratory tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A tube in the respiratory system. Examples: bronchus, bronchiole, trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000118 lung bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium Structure derived from foregut that becomes a lung[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000119 cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000957 lamina Portion of tissue, that consists of single layer of cells connected to each other by cell junctions. Examples: layer of glial cells; epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000120 blood brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000119 cell layer Cell layer consisting of lining cells that separates the central nervous system and the bloodstream. The BBB may consist of endothelial cells or glial cells. An endothelial barrier may have arisen independently several times during evolution. In bichir and lungfish the barrier is formed by brain endothelial cells, while in sturgeon it is formed by a complex perivascular glial sheath, but with no detectable tight junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000121 perineurium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011822 dense irregular connective tissue A layer of thin, concentrically arranged cells with interspersed collagen that lies within the epineurium. The perineurium is a component of the blood–nerve barrier and is essential for protecting axons and their associated Schwann cells from ionic flux, toxins and infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000122 neuron projection bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000123 endoneurium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006804 reticular tissue The loose connective tissue within the perineurium that continues into nerve fascicles and surrounds individual fibers. (Nolte, J. The Human Brain 3rd edition). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000124 epineurium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011822 dense irregular connective tissue A loose connective tissue sheath surrounding each peripheral nerve. Composed mainly of colagen and fibroblasts, it forms a substantial covering over nerve trunks, then thins to an incomplete layer around smaller branches near their terminations. The epineurium is continuous centrally with the dura. Peripherally, it usually ends near the termination of a nerve fiber, but it may continue as the capsule of Meissner corpuscles and a few other encapsulated endings. Nolte, J. The Human Brain 3rd edition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000125 neural nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000126 cranial nerve nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain Nucleus that receives projections from or contains neurons that send projections through one of the cranial nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000127 facial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus The group of motor neurons residing in the pons that innervate the muscles of facial expression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000128 olivary body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Prominent oval structure in the medulla oblongata, present in pairs, the lower portion of the brainstem. They contain the olivary nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000155 theca cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A layer of the ovarian follicle that consists of theca cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000156 theca externa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The theca externa is the outer layers of the theca folliculi. It contains abundant collagen and is mainly supportive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000157 theca interna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Theca interna cells express receptors for luteinizing hormone, which when activated will stimulate the production of androstenedione from cholesterol by the enzyme desmolase. Androstenedione ultimately gives the granulosa cells the precursor substrate for estrogen manufacturing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000161 orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit Anatomical conduit that connects two adjacent body spaces (or a body space with the space surrounding the organism)[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000162 cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube Common chamber into which the intestines and excretory system opens. Arises during development in all vertebrates, but in many it becomes subdivided, lost or incorporated into other structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000163 embryonic cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000162 cloaca Endoderm-lined chamber that develops as pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut and receives the allantois ventrally and two mesonephric ducts laterally; caudally it ends blindly at the cloacal membrane formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000164 primitive urogenital sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The ventral part of the cloaca remaining after septation of the rectum, which further develops into part of the bladder, part of the prostatic part of the male urethra and the urethra and vestibule in females. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000166 oral opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000161 orifice The orifice that connects the mouth to the exterior of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000168 proximal-distal subdivision of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract A section dividing a colon along a proximal-distal axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000170 pair of lungs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection The pair of anatomical structures comprised of a left lung and right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000171 respiration organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Organ that functions in gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000173 amniotic fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Amniotic fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of watery liquid surrounding and cushioning a growing fetus within the amnion. It allows the fetus to move freely without the walls of the uterus being too tight against its body. Buoyancy is also provided. The composition of the fluid changes over the course of gestation. Initially, amniotic fluid is similar to maternal plasma, mainly water with electrolytes. As the fetus develops, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, phospholipids originating from the lungs, fetal cells, and urea are deposited in the fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000174 excreta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance A portion of organism substance that is the product of an excretion process that will be eliminated from the body. An excretion process is elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000179 haemolymphatic fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Circulating fluid that is part of the hemolymphoid system. Blood, lymph, interstitial fluid or its analogs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000199 neck of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element The narrow part of the shaft of the radius just below the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768 morphological feature A ridge on the cerebral cortex. It is generally surrounded by one or more sulci . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000201 endothelial blood brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium A blood brain barrier that is composed of endothelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000202 glial blood brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000120 blood brain barrier A blood brain barrier composed of glial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000203 pallium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Dorsal part (roof region) of the telencephalon[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000204 ventral part of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Ventral part (base region) of the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000209 tetrapod frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone The bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000210 tetrapod parietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone In humans: bone forming side and roof of cranium. Each bone is irregularly quadrilateral in form, and has two surfaces, four borders, and four angles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000211 ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000218 vertebral arch of axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003861 neural arch A neural arch that is part of a vertebral bone 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000220 atlanto-occipital joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The Atlanto-occipital joint (articulation between the atlas and the occipital bone) consists of a pair of condyloid joints. The atlanto-occipital joint is a synovial joint. The ligaments connecting the bones are: Two Articular capsules; Posterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Anterior atlantoöccipital membrane; Lateral atlantoöccipital. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000301 amniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012467 enclosed anatomical space A closed space between the embryo and the amnion which contains the amniotic fluid and is formed by the fusion of the parts of the anterior and posterior amniotic folds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000305 amnion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005631 extraembryonic membrane The thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000307 blastula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo Organism at the blastula stage - an early stage of embryonic development in animals. It is produced by cleavage of a fertilized ovum and consists of a spherical layer of around 128 cells surrounding a central fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoel. The blastula follows the morula and precedes the gastrula in the developmental sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000309 body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The external portion of an animal body derived from ectoderm and mesoderm layers that encloses the body cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000311 extensor muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate A skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000313 portion of cartilage tissue in tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007391 pelvic appendage cartilage tissue Cartilage pertaining to the tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000314 cecum mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000317 colonic mucosa A mucosa that is part of a cecum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000315 subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The space between the arachnoid and pia mater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000316 cervical mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000912 mucus A substance produced by the cervix and endocervical glands[BTO]. Thick acidic mucus that blocks the cervical os after mestruation[WP]. This 'infertile' mucus blocks spermatozoa from entering the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000317 colonic mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001207 mucosa of large intestine Mucosa that is part of a colon. The mucosa of the colon is lined by a simple columnar epithelium with a thin brush border and numerous goblet cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000320 duodenal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001204 mucosa of small intestine A mucosa that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000323 late embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo An embryo that is at the late embryonic stage; this stage covers late steps of the embryogenesis with a fully formed embryo still developing before birth or egg hatching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000325 gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003294 gland of foregut The branched tubular glands found in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach which contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and zymogenic cells that produce pepsin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000326 pancreatic juice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland Pancreatic juice is slightly alkaline and contains numerous enzymes and inactive enzyme precursors including alpha-amylase, chymotrypsinogen, lipase, procarboxypeptidase, proelastase, prophospholipase A2, ribonuclease, and trypsinogen. Its high concentration of bicarbonate ions helps to neutralize the acid from the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000328 gut wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000060 anatomical wall The wall of the digestive tract. This encompasses all parts of the digestive tract with the exception of the lumen (cavity). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000331 ileal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001204 mucosa of small intestine A mucosa that is part of a ileum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000332 yellow bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002371 bone marrow Bone marrow in which the fat cells predominate in the meshes of the reticular network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000333 intestinal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003408 gland of digestive tract A gland that is part of the intestinal mucosa. Examples include the intestinal crypts, duodenal gland[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341 throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone In anatomy, the throat is the anterior part of the neck, in front of the vertebral column. It consists of the pharynx and larynx. An important feature of the throat is the epiglottis, a flap which separates the esophagus from the trachea and prevents inhalation of food or drink. The throat contains various blood vessels, various pharyngeal muscles, the trachea (windpipe) and the esophagus. The hyoid bone and the clavicle are the only bones located in the throat of mammals. It is sometimes considered a synonym for fauces. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A lining of mostly endodermal origin, covered in epithelium, which is involved in absorption and secretion. They line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs. It is at several places continuous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. The sticky, thick fluid secreted by the mucous membranes and gland is termed mucus. The term mucous membrane refers to where they are found in the body and not every mucous membrane secretes mucus[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000345 myelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A dielectric (electrically insulating) material consisting of protein and fat that forms a layer, the myelin sheath, usually around only the axon of a neuron. Myelin is about 40 % water; the dry mass of myelin is about 70 - 85 % lipids and about 15 - 30 % proteins. Some of the proteins that make up myelin are myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), and proteolipid protein (PLP). The primary lipid of myelin is a glycolipid called galactocerebroside (GalC). The intertwining hydrocarbon chains of sphingomyelin serve to strengthen the myelin sheath. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000347 entire myelin sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure The insulating envelope that surrounds nerve fibers or axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000348 ophthalmic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the orbit and its contents, the nasal cavity and the skin of the nose and forehead. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000349 limbic system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision A set of midline structures surrounding the brainstem of the mammalian brain, originally described anatomically, e.g., hippocampal formation, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate cortex. Although the original designation was anatomical, the limbic system has come to be associated with the system in the brain subserving emotional functions. As such, it is very poorly defined and doesn't correspond closely to the anatomical meaning any longer. [BirnLex]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000351 nuchal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament A fibrous membrane, which, in the neck, represents the supraspinal ligaments of the upper vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353 parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000355 pharyngeal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004785 respiratory system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000358 blastocyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000359 preputial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015251 modified sebaceous gland An aired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located in the inguinal region adjacent to the penis and vagina, with pheromonal functions in male rodents; in males, the preputial gland empties into the preputial cavity and in females, the preputial (aka clitoral) gland duct empties into the clitoral fossa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000361 red bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002371 bone marrow The red vascular substance consisting of connective tissue and blood vessels, containing primitive blood cells, macrophages, megakaryocytes, and fat cells. Red marrow is found in the cavities of many bones. It manufactures and releases leukocytes and erythrocytes into the bloodstream. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000362 renal medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000958 medulla of organ The inner portion of the kidney consisting of the renal pyramids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000365 urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An epithelial tissue layer that lines much of the urinary tract, including the renal pelvis, the ureters, the bladder, and parts of the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000366 flexor muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate A skeletal muscle whose contraction bends a joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000369 corpus striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The corpus striatum (striated body) is a compound structure consisting of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus, which consists of the putamen and the globus pallidus[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000371 syncytiotrophoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Extraembryonic cells of trophoblastic shell surrounding embryo, outside the cytotrophoblast layer, involved with implantation of the blastocyst by eroding extracellular matrix surrounding maternal endometrial cells at site of implantation, also contribute to villi. (dark staining, multinucleated). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000375 mandibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The motor and sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the auricle, the external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, temporal region, the cheek, the skin overlying the mandible, the anterior portion of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, lower teeth and gingiva and transmits motor information from the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle and the muscles tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000376 hindlimb stylopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008784 lower limb segment The part of the hindlimb between pelvis and the knee, corresponding to the femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000377 maxillary nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The sensory nerve subdivision of the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensory information from the palate, upper teeth and gingiva, the skin between the palpebral fissure and the mouth, and from the nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000378 tongue muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate The muscular portion of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000379 tracheal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004785 respiratory system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a respiratory airway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000381 urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004228 urinary bladder smooth muscle Bundles of smooth muscle fibers forming the muscular wall of the urinary bladder, which are arranged in a longitudinal and a circular layer and, on contraction, serve to expel urine[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000383 musculature of body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The subdivision of the musculoskeletal system that consists of all the muscles of the body[VSAO, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000389 lens cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Tissue that surrounds the lens nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000390 lens nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ The core of the crystalline lens, surrounded by the cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000395 cochlear ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The group of nerve cell bodies that conveys auditory sensation from the organ of Corti to the hindbrain and resides on the cochlear part of the vestibulocochlear nerve (eighth cranial nerve)[MP]. distributed to the hair cells of the spiral organ. The cochlear fibers arise in bipolar cells in the spiral ganglion in the modiolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000396 vallate papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014389 gustatory papilla of tongue Any of the large papillae, which have multiple taste buds in the trough surrounding the papillae, located near the base and on the dorsal side of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000397 colonic epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001278 epithelium of large intestine An epithelium that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000398 cartilage tissue of sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003837 thoracic segment connective tissue Any portion of cartilage tissue that is part of the sternum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000399 jejunal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001204 mucosa of small intestine A mucosa that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000400 jejunal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013636 epithelium of intestinal villus An epithelium that is part of a jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000401 mandibular ramus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The upturned perpendicular extremity of the mandible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000407 sympathetic trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure One of a a paired bundle of nerve fibers plus ganglia that run from the base of the skull to the coccyx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000409 serous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002365 exocrine gland A gland in which the principal secretory cells are serous secreting cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000410 bronchial mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000412 dermal papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mesodermal signaling center of the hair follicle consisting of closely packed specialized mesenchymal fibroblasts. Framed by the enlarged bulb matrix in anagen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000414 mucous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002365 exocrine gland A gland in which the principal secretory cells are mucus secreting cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000415 artery wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035965 wall of blood vessel An anatomical wall that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000420 myoepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000488 atypical epithelium An epithelium consisting of myopethelial cells, which are contractile cells resembling smooth muscle cells that are present in glands, notably the mammary gland, and aid in secretion. This cell has long weaving dendritic processes containing myofilament[CL]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000428 prostate epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The prostate epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000429 enteric plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A plexus of autonomic nerve fibers within the wall of the digestive tube, and made up of the submucosal, myenteric, and subserosal plexuses; it contains visceral afferent fibers, sympathetic postganglionic fibers, parasympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic fibers, and parasympathetic postganglionic cell bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000439 arachnoid trabecula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The arachnoid trabeculae are delicate strands of connective tissue that loosely connect the two innermost layers of the meninges -- the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. They are found within the subarachnoid space where cerebrospinal fluid is also found. Embryologically, the trabeculae are the remnants of the common precursor that forms both the arachnoid and pial layers of the meninges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000440 trabecula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part A small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, generally having a mechanical function, and usually but not necessarily composed of dense collagenous tissue. On histological section, a trabecula can look like a septum, but in three dimensions they are topologically distinct, with trabeculae being roughly rod or pillar-shaped and septa being sheet-like. Trabeculae are usually composed of dense fibrous tissue, i.e. mainly of collagen, and in most cases provide mechanical strengthening or stiffening to a soft solid organ, such as the spleen. They can be composed of other materials, such as bone or muscle[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000442 right testicular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001144 testicular vein A vein that drains the left pampiniform plexus and empties into the left renal vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000443 left testicular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001144 testicular vein A vein that drains the right pampiniform plexus and empties into the inferior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000446 septum of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005401 cerebral hemisphere gray matter Gray matter structure located on the midline of the forebrain consisting of the septum pellucidum (in some species) and the septal nuclei (Heimer, 1996). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000453 decidua basalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure Area of uterine endometrium found between the implanted chorionic vesicle and the myometrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000454 cerebral subcortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The layer located below the cerebral cortex that includes the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance A portion of organism substance that is produced by exocrine glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000457 cavernous artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery Any of several small branches of the internal carotid artery that supply the trigeminal ganglion and the walls of the cavernous and petrosal sinuses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000459 uterine wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An anatomical wall that is part of a uterus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000471 compound organ component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure which is a subdivision of a whole organism, consisting of components of multiple anatomical systems, largely surrounded by a contiguous region of integument. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034923 disconnected anatomical group Anatomical group whose component anatomical structures lie in close proximity to each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure A multicellular anatomical structure that is associated with an embryo and derived from the zygote from which it develops, but which does not contribute to the embryo proper or to structures that are part of the same organism after embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. Examples: simple squamous epithelium, glandular cuboidal epithelium, transitional epithelium, myoepithelium[CARO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000484 simple cuboidal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010077 cuboidal epithelium Unilaminar epithelium that consists of a single layer of cuboidal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000485 simple columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012274 columnar epithelium Unilaminar epithelium, which consists of a single layer of columnar cells. Examples: ciliated columnar epithelium, gastric epithelium, microvillus columnar epithelium.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000486 multilaminar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium Epithelium which consists of more than one layer of epithelial cells that may or may not be in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, ciliated stratified columnar epithelium.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000487 simple squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006914 squamous epithelium Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000488 atypical epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium Epithelium that consists of epithelial cells not arranged in one ore more layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000489 cavitated compound organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 compound organ Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000490 unilaminar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000642 suspensory ligament of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008841 suspensory ligament A thin muscle connecting the junction between the duodenum, jejunum, and duodenojejunal flexure to connective tissue surrounding the superior mesenteric artery and coeliac artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000908 hippocampal commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005340 dorsal telencephalic commissure The triangular subcallosal plate of commissural fibers resulting from the converging of the right and left fornix bundles which exchange numerous fibers and which curve back in the contralateral fornix to end in the hippocampus of the opposite side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000912 mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Mucus is a bodily fluid consisting of a slippery secretion of the lining of the mucous membranes in the body. It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme) and immunoglobulins. Mucus is produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes that cover the surfaces of the membranes. It is made up of mucins and inorganic salts suspended in water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000913 interstitial fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Interstitial fluid is a bodily fluid consisting of a solution which bathes and surrounds the cells of multicellular animals. It is the main component of the extracellular fluid, which also includes plasma and transcellular fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000916 abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009569 subdivision of trunk The subdivision of the vertebrate body between the thorax and pelvis. The ventral part of the abdomen contains the abdominal cavity and visceral organs. The dorsal part includes the abdominal section of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism Anatomical entity that comprises the organism in the early stages of growth and differentiation that are characterized by cleavage, the laying down of fundamental tissues, and the formation of primitive organs and organ systems. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000923 germ layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010316 germ layer / neural crest A layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation. The three types of germ layers are the endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000924 ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000923 germ layer Primary germ layer that is the outer of the embryo's three germ layers and gives rise to epidermis and neural tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000925 endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000923 germ layer Primary germ layer that lies remote from the surface of the embryo and gives rise to internal tissues such as gut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000926 mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000923 germ layer The middle germ layer of the embryo, between the endoderm and ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000930 stomodeum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube Anterior part of the embryonic digestive tract that develops into a mouth. The stomodeum includes as parts an invagination of the ectoderm and the stomodeal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000931 proctodeum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016566 pit Inward fold on the surface of the embryonic ectoderm that develops into an ectodermal terminal part of the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000933 chordate pharyngeal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ A muscle that acts on the pharynx[WP, vetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000935 anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005341 ventral commissure A bundle of myelinated nerve fibers passing transversely through the lamina terminalis and connecting symmetrical parts of the two cerebral hemispheres; it consists of a smaller anterior part (pars anterior commissurae anterioris) and a larger posterior part (pars posterior commissurae anterioris). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000936 posterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011590 commissure of diencephalon Rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct. It is important in the bilateral pupillary light reflex. Its fibers acquire their medullary sheaths early, but their connections have not been definitely determined. Most of them have their origin in a nucleus, the nucleus of the posterior commissure (nucleus of Darkschewitsch), which lies in the central gray substance of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct, in front of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve. Some are probably derived from the posterior part of the thalamus and from the superior colliculus, whereas others are believed to be continued downward into the medial longitudinal fasciculus. The posterior commissure interconnects the pretectal nuclei, mediating the consensual pupillary light reflex[WP]. Diencephalic tract which is located in the vicinity of the dorsal diencephalon and mesencephalon and connects the pretectal nuclei. From Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000941 cranial nerve II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034713 cranial neuron projection bundle Cranial nerve fiber tract which is comprised of retinal ganglion cell axons running posterior medially towards the optic chiasm, at which some of the axons cross the midline and after which the structure is termed the optic tract. Transmits visual information from the retina to the brain[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000951 rotator muscle of the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005174 dorsal region element Any of a number of short transversospinal muscles chiefly developed in cervical, lumbar, and thoracic regions, arising from the transverse process of one vertebra and inserted into the root of the spinous process of the next two or three vertebrae above, with nerve supply from the dorsal branches of the spinal nerve, and whose actions rotate the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000956 cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016548 central nervous system gray matter layer The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon. It consists of the neocortex (6 layered cortex or isocortex), the hippocampal formation and the olfactory cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000957 lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Any thin layer or plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000958 medulla of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000471 compound organ component Middle part of an organ, surrounded by the cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000961 thoracic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001807 paravertebral ganglion The thoracic ganglia are paravertebral ganglia. The thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk typically has 12 thoracic ganglia. Emerging from the ganglia are thoracic splancic nerves (the cardiopulmonary, the greater, lesser, and least splanchic nerves) that help provide sympathetic innervation to abdominal structures. Also, the ganglia of the thoracic sympathetic trunk have both white and gray rami communicantes. The white rami carry sympathetic fibers arising in the spinal cord into the sympathetic trunk. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000962 nerve of cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001780 spinal nerve The cervical nerves are the spinal nerves from the cervical vertebrae. Although there are seven cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), there are eight cervical nerves (C1-C8). All nerves except C8 emerge above their corresponding vertebrae, while the C8 nerve emerges below the C7 vertebra. (In the other portions of the spine, the nerve emerges below the vertebra with the same name. Dorsal (posterior) distribution includes the greater occipital (C2) and third occipital (C3). Ventral (anterior) distribution includes the cervical plexus (C1-C4) and brachial plexus (C5-C8) [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000971 ommatidium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002536 arthropod sensillum The smallest morphological and functional unit of the compound eye that consists of a usually limited and often constant number of rhabdomeric photoreceptor cells, cornea-secreting epithelial cells, and interommatidial pigment cells, and may additionally contain crystalline cone cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000976 humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015053 humerus endochondral element Paired endochondral long bone that extends between the pectoral girdle and the skeletal parts of the forelimb. [PHENOSCAPE:mah]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000978 leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008784 lower limb segment The portion of the hindlimb that contains both the stylopod and zeugopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000979 tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015004 tibia endochondral element The major preaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000980 trochanter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ A bony prominence near the extremity of the femur that normally serves as attachment points for hip and thigh muscles[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000981 femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015052 femur endochondral element Endochondral longbone connecting the pelvic girdle with posterior zeugopodium skeleton.[VSAO, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004905 articulation Anatomical structure that consists of two or more adjacent skeletal structures, which may be interconnected by various types of tissue[VSAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000983 metatarsus region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009877 metapodium region A metapodium region that is part of a pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000985 axillary vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein Vein that drains the axilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000988 pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The part of the central nervous system lying between the medulla oblongata and the midbrain, ventral to the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000993 oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A tube or collection of tubes in an animal from the ovaries to the outside of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000999 ejaculatory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The Ejaculatory ducts (ductus ejaculatorii) are paired structures in male anatomy, about 2 cm in length. Each ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle. They pass through the prostate, and empty into the urethra at the Colliculus seminalis. During ejaculation, semen passes through the ducts and exits the body via the penis[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001000 vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system A secretory duct that transports sperm from the testis. In mammals this is a continuation of the epididymis and ends in the prostatic urethra where it terminates to form ejaculatory duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001005 respiratory airway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit An airway through which respiratory air passes in organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001009 circulatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001010 diaphysis of ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis The body of the ulna at its upper part is prismatic in form, and curved so as to be convex behind and lateralward; its central part is straight; its lower part is rounded, smooth, and bent a little lateralward. It tapers gradually from above downward, and has three borders and three surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001012 head of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The head of the radius has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the capitulum (or capitellum) of the humerus. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the radial notch of the ulna, narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the annular ligament. The deepest point in the fovea is not axi-symmetric with the long axis of the radius, creating a cam effect during pronation and supination[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001013 adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011822 dense irregular connective tissue Portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision A subdivision of the muscular system corresponding to a subdisivision of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A group of axons linking two or more neuropils and having a common origin, termination[FBbt]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001019 nerve fasciculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000122 neuron projection bundle A slender neuron projection bundle[FBbt]; A bundle of anatomical fibers, as of muscle or nerve (American Heritage Dictionary 4th ed). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001020 nervous system commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract Axon tract that crosses the midline of the central nervous system[NIF, modified]. In the context of Drosophila refers to a broad band of axons connecting equivalent neuropils each side of the brain[FBbt]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000122 neuron projection bundle An enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system originating in a nerve root in the central nervous system (or a condensed nervous structure) connecting with peripheral structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001027 sensory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that transmits from sensory receptors on the surface of the body to the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001028 diaphysis of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis A diaphysis that is part of a radius bone[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001033 gustatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system The sensory system for the sense of taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001035 dento-alveolar joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A joint that binds the teeth to the alveolar ridge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001040 yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007499 epithelial sac A sac-like expansion of the ventral wall of the intestine, narrowed into a yolk stalk near the body[Hyman's]. Membranous sac attached to an embryo, providing early nourishment in the form of yolk in bony fishes, sharks, reptiles, birds, and primitive mammals. It functions as the developmental circulatory system of the human embryo, before internal circulation begins. In the mouse, the yolk sac is the first site of blood formation, generating primitive macrophages and erythrocytes[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001041 foregut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract Anterior subdivision of a digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001042 chordate pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006562 pharynx A portion of the respiratory and digestive tracts; its distal limit is the superior part of the esophagus and it connects the nasal and oral cavities with the esophagus and larynx; it contains the valleculae and the pyriform recesses; its upper limits are the nasal cavity and cranial base.[FEED]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001045 midgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract Middle subdivision of a digestive tract[CJM]. In vertebrates: The middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001046 hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The caudalmost subdivision of a digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001047 neural glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A large synaptic bouton found in areas like olfactory bulb, cerebellar cortex and thalamus, that contacts many post-synaptic targets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure Primordia are populations of contiguous cells that are morphologically distinct and already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue[FBbt, Hartenstein, V. (2004)]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001049 neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016879 future central nervous system In the developing vertebrate, the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into a closed tube, the neural tube or neural canal (which strictly speaking is the center of the neural tube), the ectodermal wall of which forms the rudiment of the nervous system. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001051 hypopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube Bottom part of the pharynx that connects to the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001063 flocculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0027331 flocculonodular lobe, hemisphere portion The small lobe of the cerebellum at the posterior border of the middle cerebellar peduncle anterior to the biventer lobule that receives input from the inferior and medial vestibular nuclei and sends fibers back to the vestibular nuclei, and processes and integrates these signals to allow for the constant maintenance of balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001064 ventral pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 tube A duct joining the pancreas to the common bile duct to supply pancreatic juices which aid in digestion provided by the exocrine pancreas. The pancreatic duct joins the common bile duct just prior to the ampulla of Vater, after which both ducts perforate the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001065 parotid main excretory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035048 parotid gland excretory duct The main excretory tubular canal that connects the parotid gland and the buccal mucosa and secretes a serous saliva into the vestibule of the oral cavity; it arises from the anterior surface of the gland, traversing the masseter muscle; the duct then pierces the buccinator muscle, moving medially, and opens out into the oral cavity near the second upper molar; saliva produced by acinar secretory cells in the glandular body flows sequentially through the intercalated ducts, striated ducts, and excretory ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001066 intervertebral disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011135 intervertebral cartilage A pad of fibrocartilage between the articular surfaces of two successive vertebral centra which has nucleus pulposus at its core. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001068 skin of back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001085 skin of trunk A zone of skin that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001070 external carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005396 carotid artery segment A terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to to the throat, neck glands, tongue, face, mouth, ear, scalp and dura mater of the meninges[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001071 superficial cervical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012320 cervical artery It ascends beneath the anterior margin of the trapezius, distributing branches to it, and to the neighboring muscles and lymph glands in the neck, and anastomosing with the superficial branch of the descending branch of the occipital artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001072 posterior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004087 vena cava A vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001073 ileocecal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410024 intestinal junction A point along the course of the gastrointestinal tract where the small intestine (ileum) ends as it opens into the cecal portion of the large intestine; occurs usually within the iliac fossa, demarcated internally as the ileocecal orifice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001074 pericardial cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035809 serous cavity A potential space between the visceral and parietal layers of the pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001075 bony vertebral centrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016491 vertebral centrum element Ossified form of a vertebral centrum, a skeletal element that functionally replaces the notochord[VSAP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001076 neural spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006061 process of vertebra An extension of a neural arches dorsal to the neural canal[TAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001077 transverse process of vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006061 process of vertebra The transverse or costal processes of a vertebra, two in number, project one at either side from the point where the lamina joins the pedicle, between the superior and inferior articular processes. They serve for the attachment of muscles and ligaments. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001078 pedicle of vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006061 process of vertebra The two short, thick processes, which project backward, one on either side, from the upper part of the body to the laminae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001080 postzygapophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006062 zygapophysis Paired processes at the caudal end of the neural arch. The articular facets of the postzygapophyses face lateroventrally and articulate with the dorsomedially facing facets of the prezygapophyses of the succeeding vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001081 endocardium of ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium Endocardium that is part of the cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001082 epicardium of ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002348 epicardium An epicardial layer that lines a cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001083 myocardium of ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002349 myocardium Muscular layer of the cardiac ventricle composed of a compact myocardial layer surrounding the trabecular layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001084 skin of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012180 head or neck skin A zone of skin that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001085 skin of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001087 pleural fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036244 secretion of serous membrane Transudate contained in the pleural cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001088 urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000174 excreta Excretion that is the output of a kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001089 sweat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Secretion produced by a sweat gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001090 synovial fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007794 secretion of serous gland Joint fluid is a transudate of plasma that is actively secreted by synovial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001092 vertebral bone 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002412 vertebra The first vertebral bone in the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001093 vertebral bone 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002412 vertebra The second vertebral bone in the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001094 sacral vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015010 sacral vertebra endochondral element A vertebra bone that is part of the sacral region of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001095 caudal vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018142 caudal vertebra endochondral element Any vertebral bone that is part of the caudal region of the vertebral column (tail or coccyx). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001096 wall of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000328 gut wall An anatomical wall that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001097 axillary lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003968 peripheral lymph node The lymph nodes located around the axillary vein that receive lymphatic drainage from the upper or forelimb, scapular region and pectoral region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001098 incisor tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001091 calcareous tooth Incisors are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. They are located in the premaxilla above and mandible below. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001102 cartilage of main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001956 cartilage of bronchus A cartilage that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001105 clavicle bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A paired dermal or endochondral bone that is part of the pectoral girdle. The clavicle may be in contact with the interclavicle or coracoid and forms an attachment site for pectoral musculature. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001111 intercostal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005175 chest organ The respiratory muscles that arise from the lower border of one rib and insert into the upper border of the adjoining rib. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001112 latissimus dorsi muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034908 scapular muscle The latissimus dorsi is the larger, flat, dorso-lateral muscle on the trunk, posterior to the arm, and partly covered by the trapezius on its median dorsal region. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001113 lobe of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009912 anatomical lobe Traditional gross anatomy divided the liver into four lobes based on surface features. The falciform ligament is visible on the front (anterior side) of the liver. This divides the liver into a left anatomical lobe, and a right anatomical lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001114 right lobe of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001113 lobe of liver The right lobe is much larger than the left; the proportion between them being as six to one. It occupies the right hypochondrium, and is separated from the left lobe on its upper surface by the falciform ligament; on its under and posterior surfaces by the left sagittal fossa; and in front by the umbilical notch. It is of a somewhat quadrilateral form, its under and posterior surfaces being marked by three fossæ: the porta and the fossæ for the gall-bladder and inferior vena cava, which separate its left part into two smaller lobes; the quadrate and caudate lobes. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001115 left lobe of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001113 lobe of liver The left lobe is smaller and more flattened than the right. It is situated in the epigastric and left hypochondriac regions. Its upper surface is slightly convex and is moulded on to the diaphragm; its under surface presents the gastric impression and omental tuberosity. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001118 lobe of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A lobe of tissue that is part of a thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001119 right lobe of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001118 lobe of thyroid gland A lobe of thyroid gland that is in the right side of a thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001120 left lobe of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001118 lobe of thyroid gland A lobe of thyroid gland that is in the left side of a thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001125 serratus ventralis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034908 scapular muscle The serratus ventralis is a muscle that originates on the surface of the upper eight or nine ribs at the side of the chest and inserts along the entire anterior length of the medial border of the scapula. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001131 vertebral foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit A foramen within a vertebral element through which the spinal cord runs. It is formed by the anterior segment, and the posterior part, the vertebral arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001133 cardiac muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600006 visceral striated muscle tissue Muscle tissue composed of cardiac muscle cells, forming the muscles of the heart[ZFA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001136 mesothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium Simple squamous epithelium of mesodermal origin which lines serous membranes. Examples: mesothelium of pleura, mesothelium of peritoneum[FMA]. Wikipedia: The mesothelium is a membrane that forms the lining of several body cavities: the pleura (thoracal cavity), peritoneum (abdominal cavity including the mesentery) and pericardium (heart sac). Mesothelial tissue also surrounds the male internal reproductive organs (the tunica vaginalis testis) and covers the internal reproductive organs of women (the tunica serosa uteri). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001137 dorsum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A major subdivision of an organism that is the entire part of the organism dorsal to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane. In vertebrares this includes the vertebral column.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001138 superior mesenteric vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005617 mesenteric vein In anatomy, the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) is a blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine. At its termination behind the neck of the pancreas, the SMV combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein. The SMV lies to the right of the similarly named artery, the superior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001139 common iliac vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A vein that drains the pelvis and lower limbs into the inferior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001140 renal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein Either of the pair of major vessels which arise from the renal hilus and return blood from the kidneys, suprarenal gland and the ureter to the inferior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001141 right renal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001140 renal vein A renal vein that drains the right kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001142 left renal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001140 renal vein A renal vein that drains the left kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001143 hepatic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015796 liver blood vessel Vein that carries blood away from the liver[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001144 testicular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A vein that carries deoxygenated blood from a single male gonad. It is the male equivalent of the ovarian vein, and is the venous counterpart of the testicular artery. It is a paired vein, with one supplying each testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001145 ovarian vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A vein that carries deoxygenated blood from its corresponding ovary to inferior vena cava or one of its tributaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001146 suprarenal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains the adrenal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001152 cystic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003703 extrahepatic bile duct The tubular structure that conducts gall bladder contents from the gall bladder to the common bile duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001164 greater curvature of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach The greater curvature of the stomach is directed mainly forward, and is four or five times as long as the lesser curvature. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001167 wall of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000328 gut wall The layered structure that makes up the stomach, typiclly consists of a serous coat, a muscular coat, a mucous membrane, and other tissue layers in between. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001168 wall of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001262 wall of intestine An anatomical wall that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001169 wall of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001262 wall of intestine An anatomical wall that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001170 mesentery of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007826 peritoneal mesentery The peritoneum responsible for connecting the jejunum and ileum (parts of the small intestine) to the back wall of the abdomen. Between the two sheets of peritoneum are blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves. This allows these parts of the small intestine to move relatively freely within the abdominopelvic cavity. The brain, however, cannot map sensation accurately, so sensation is usually referred to the midline, an example of referred pain[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001171 portal lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009911 lobule The triangular region on the periphery of the liver lobules that contain a bile duct and a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001172 hepatic acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland The functional unit of the liver, consisting of a mass of hepatocytes from adjacent liver lobules aligned around the hepatic arterioles and portal venules just as they anastomose into sinusoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001175 common hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003703 extrahepatic bile duct Predominantly extrahepatic bile duct which is formed by the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts, which are predominantly intrahepatic, and, in turn, joins the cystic duct to form the common bile duct[GAID]. The common hepatic duct is the duct formed by the convergence of the right hepatic duct (which drains bile from the right functional lobe of the liver) and the left hepatic duct (which drains bile from the left functional lobe of the liver). The common hepatic duct then joins the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the common bile duct[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001176 right hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003703 extrahepatic bile duct The duct that drains bile from the right half of the liver and joins the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001177 left hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003703 extrahepatic bile duct The duct that drains bile from the left half of the liver and joins the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001178 visceral peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022350 visceral serous membrane The inner layer of peritoneum that is wrapped around organs located inside the intraperitoneal space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001179 peritoneal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035809 serous cavity Anatomical cavity bounded by visceral and parietal peritoneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001183 inferior mesenteric artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035039 rectal artery Mesenteric artery that supplies the large intestine from the left colic (or splenic) flexure to the upper part of the rectum, which includes the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum. Proximally, its territory of distribution overlaps (forms a watershed) with the middle colic artery, and therefore the superior mesenteric artery. The SMA and IMA anastomose via the marginal artery (artery of Drummond). The territory of distribution of the IMA is more or less equivalent to the embryonic hindgut. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001185 right renal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001184 renal artery Renal artery that supplies the right kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001186 left renal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001184 renal artery Renal artery that supplies the left kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001187 testicular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010192 genital artery One of a pair of arteries that is a branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to a male gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001188 right testicular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003468 ureteric segment of renal artery A testicular artery that supplies a right testicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001189 left testicular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003468 ureteric segment of renal artery A testicular artery that supplies a left testicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001190 ovarian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies an ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001191 common iliac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012254 abdominal aorta artery The common iliac arteries are two large arteries, about 4cm long in adults but more than a centimetre in diameter, that originate from the aortic bifurcation. The arteries run inferolaterally, along the medial border of the psoas muscles to the pelvic brim, where they bifurcate into the external iliac artery and internal iliac artery. The common iliac artery, and all of its branches, exist as paired structures (that is to say, there is one on the left side and one on the right). The distribution of the common iliac artery is basically the pelvis and lower limb on the corresponding side. Both common iliac arteries are accompanied along their course by common iliac veins. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001193 hepatic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001194 splenic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001196 middle colic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The middle colic artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery that mostly supplies the transverse colon. It arises just below the pancreas, and, passing downward and forward between the layers of the transverse mesocolon, divides into two branches: right and left. The right branch anastomoses with the right colic artery The left branch anastomoses with the left colic artery, a branch of the inferior mesenteric artery. The arches thus formed are placed about two fingers' breadth from the transverse colon, to which they distribute branches. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001199 mucosa of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004786 gastrointestinal system mucosa The mucosal layer that lines the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001200 submucosa of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018257 submucosa of digestive tract The fibrous connective tissue layer beneath the stomach mucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001201 serosa of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004782 gastrointestinal system serosa The outermost layer of the stomach wall, consisting of layers of connective tissue continuous with the peritoneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001202 pyloric sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011185 gastrointestinal sphincter A strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal which lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from the celiac ganglion[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001203 muscularis mucosae of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006676 muscularis mucosa The thin layer of smooth muscle in the mucosal layer of the stomach that functions to agitate the surface area stomach mucosa by moving the villi back and forth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001204 mucosa of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001242 intestinal mucosa A mucosa that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001205 submucosa of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009566 intestinal submucosa Submucosal tissue in the small intestines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001206 serosa of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001243 serosa of intestine A serous membrane that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001207 mucosa of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001242 intestinal mucosa A mucosa that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001208 submucosa of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009566 intestinal submucosa A submucosa that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001209 serosa of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001243 serosa of intestine A serous membrane that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001210 muscularis mucosae of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004239 small intestine smooth muscle A muscularis mucosa that is part of a small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001211 Peyer's patch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001962 gut-associated lymphoid tissue The protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001212 duodenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011148 submucosal gland A compound tubular submucosal gland found in that portion of the duodenum which is above the hepatopancreatic sphincter (Sphincter of Oddi). The main function of these glands is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate)[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001213 intestinal villus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer The tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001215 inferior mesenteric vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005617 mesenteric vein A blood vessel that drains blood from the large intestine that usually terminates when reaching the splenic vein, which goes on to form the portal vein with the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). Anatomical variations include the IMV draining into the confluence of the SMV and splenic vein and the IMV draining in the SMV. The IMV lies to the right of the similarly name artery, the inferior mesenteric artery, which originates from the abdominal aorta. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001216 jejunal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002017 portal vein A tributary of the superior mesenteric vein that drains the jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001217 ileal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002017 portal vein The veins that drain blood from the ileum into the superior mesenteric vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001218 middle colic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002017 portal vein The middle colic vein drains the transverse colon. It is a tributary of the superior mesenteric vein, and follows the path of its corresponding artery, the middle colic artery. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001219 ileocolic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001217 ileal vein The ileocolic vein is a vein which drains the ileum, colon, and cecum. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001221 transversus abdominis muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002461 anterior abdominal wall muscle The lateral abdominal wall muscle that is deep to the internal oblique. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001222 right ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000056 ureter An ureter that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001223 left ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000056 ureter An ureter that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001225 cortex of kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001851 cortex Outer cortical portion of the kidney, between the renal capsule and the renal medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001228 renal papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Tip of renal pyramid projecting into a minor calyx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001229 renal corpuscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit The structure containing the glomerular capsule and the glomerulus that serves as the initial blood-filtering component of a nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001230 glomerular capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part A cup-like sac at the expanded beginning of a tubular component of a nephron that contains the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001231 nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009773 renal tubule An epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001233 right adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002369 adrenal gland An adrenal gland that is in the right side of the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001234 left adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002369 adrenal gland An adrenal gland that is in the left side of the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001237 paraaortic body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012279 chromaffin paraganglion A chromaffin paraganglion located at the bifurcation of the aorta or at the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001238 lamina propria of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004780 gastrointestinal system lamina propria Lamina propria that is part_of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001239 muscularis mucosae of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004220 large intestine smooth muscle A muscularis mucosa that is part of a large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001240 muscularis mucosae of intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006676 muscularis mucosa A muscularis mucosa that is part of a intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001241 crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001983 crypt of Lieberkuhn The tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001242 intestinal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004786 gastrointestinal system mucosa Mucosal layer that lines the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001243 serosa of intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004782 gastrointestinal system serosa A serous membrane that is part of a wall of intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001244 internal anal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012368 circular muscle layer of muscular coat The smooth muscle ring, formed by an increase of the circular muscle fibers of the rectum, situated at the upper end of the anal canal, internal to the outer voluntary external anal sphincter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001246 interlobular bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003704 intrahepatic bile duct The canals that carry bile in the liver between the intralobular ducts and the biliary ductules; interlobular bile ducts are part of the interlobular portal triad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001247 falciform ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013139 ligament of liver A ligament that attaches the liver to the anterior body wall. It is a broad and thin antero-posterior peritoneal fold, falciform in shape, its base being directed downward and backward and its apex upward and backward. It is a remnant of the ventral mesentery of the fetus. It is situated in an antero-posterior plane but lies obliquely, so that one surface faces forward and is in contact with the peritoneum behind the right rectus and the diaphragm, while the other is directed backward and is in contact with the left lobe of the liver. It is attached by its left margin to the under surface of the diaphragm and the posterior surface of the sheath of the right Rectus as low down as the umbilicus; by its right margin it extends from the notch on the anterior margin of the liver, as far back as the posterior surface. It is composed of two layers of peritoneum closely united together. Its base or free edge contains between its layers the round ligament and the paraumbilical veins[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001249 spleen lymphoid follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001250 red pulp of spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000023 spleen pulp The parenchymatous tissue network of the spleen that consists of loose plates or cords (sinuses) infiltrated with red blood cells where most of the blood filtration occurs and degenerate erythrocytes are removed from the circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001251 marginal zone of spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The zone between the red and white pulp of the spleen containing numerous macrophages and lymphocytes, and a rich plexus of sinusoids supplied by white pulp arterioles carrying blood-borne antigens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001252 adventitia of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005742 adventitia An adventitia that is part of a ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001253 lamina propria of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A lamina propria that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001254 urothelium of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The luminal epithelium of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001256 wall of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An anatomical wall that lines the insider of a urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001259 mucosa of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001260 serosa of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane A serous membrane that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001261 lamina propria of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A lamina propria that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001262 wall of intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000328 gut wall An anatomical wall that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001263 pancreatic acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013232 serous acinus The secretory units of the exocrine pancreas, where fluid containing digestive enzymes is produced; consists of a group of secretory cells surrounding a luminal space that connects to the pancreatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001265 trabecula of spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A trabecula that is part of a spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001268 peritoneal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036217 coelomic fluid Transudate contained in the peritoneal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001269 acetabular part of hip bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The acetabulum is a concave surface of the pelvis. The head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the acetabulum, forming the hip joint. There are three bones of the os coxae (hip bone) that come together to form the acetabulum. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline. It is bounded by a prominent uneven rim, which is thick and strong above, and serves for the attachment of the acetabular labrum, which reduces its opening, and deepens the surface for formation of the hip joint. At the lower part of the acetabulum is the acetabular notch, which is continuous with a circular depression, the acetabular fossa, at the bottom of the cavity of the acetabulum. The rest of the acetabulum is formed by a curved, crescent-moon shaped surface, the lunate surface, where the joint is made with the head of the femur. Its counterpart in the pectoral girdle is the glenoid fossa.[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001270 bony pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system A ring of bone formed by the sacrum and the first few coccygeal vertebrae as the roof, the pubis and ischia as the floor and the ilia and the acetabular part of the ischia as the walls. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001271 pelvic girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The organism subdivision that includes the pelvic girdle skeleton and associated soft tissue. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pelvic girdle regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001272 innominate bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A fused bone consisting of the ilium, ischium and pubis. Together with the sacrum and coccyx, it comprises the pelvis. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001273 ilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Paired endochondral bone that is the dorsal-most of the pelvic bones, offering attachment areas for gluteal muscles on its main surface [PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001274 ischium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Endochondral bone that is paired, forming the posterior part of the pelvis, articulating with the pubis and ilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001275 pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A paired endochondral bone making up the anteroventral region of the tripartite pelvic girdle forming part of the ventral edge of the acetabulum. The origin site of many proximal hindlimb muscles. [PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001276 epithelium of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015833 foregut epithelium The epithelial layer of the stomach . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001277 intestinal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004808 gastrointestinal system epithelium Epithelial layer that lines the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001278 epithelium of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001277 intestinal epithelium An epithelium that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001279 portal triad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure A multi-organ-part structure that consists of three vessels of the portal lobule including the bile duct, a terminal branch of the hepatic artery and portal vein, and may also include a lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001280 liver parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The functional units of the liver including the lobules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001281 hepatic sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015796 liver blood vessel Wide thin-walled blood vessels in the liver. In mammals they have neither veinous or arterial markers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001282 intralobular bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014716 interlobular duct The tubules located between the bile canaliculi and interlobular bile ducts near the outer edge of a classic liver lobule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001283 bile canaliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An intercellular channel that takes up bile from hepatocytes, transporting it to the bile ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001285 nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The basic functional unit of the kidney. its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. A nephron eliminates wastes from the body, regulates blood volume and blood pressure, controls levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulates blood pH. Its functions are vital to life and are regulated by the endocrine system by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone.[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001286 Bowman's space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A narrow chalice-shaped cavity between the glomerular and capsular epithelium of the glomerular capsule of the kidney[TFD]. Between the visceral and parietal layers, into which the filtrate enters after passing through the podocytes' filtration slits[WP]. luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001287 proximal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the proximal tubule and extends from the glomerular capsule to the proximal straight tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001288 loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule The section of the renal tubule in the kidney medulla with a hairpin bend; consists of a descending limb and an ascending limb, and is situated between the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule; it functions to reabsorb water and ions from the urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001289 descending limb of loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule The portion of the renal tubule that constitutes the proximal part of the loop of Henle, has low permeability to ions and urea, and is highly permeable to water; it consists of an initial short thick segment lined by low simple cuboidal epithelium and a long thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium; however, this distinction is not as important physiologically as in the ascending limb, so often the two are treated as one structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001290 proximal straight tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009035 renal straight tubule The proximal straight tubule is the part of the descending limb that extends from the proximal convoluted tubule to the descending thin tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001291 thick ascending limb of loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009035 renal straight tubule The distal sub-portion of the ascending loop of Henle which is lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and enters the renal cortex to empty a hypotonic filtrate into the distal convoluted tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001292 distal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The first segment of the nephron lying just downstream from the loop of Henle, immediately after the macula densa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001293 outer medulla of kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001294 inner medulla of kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Innermost region of the mammalian kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001297 serosa of uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Outer serosa layer of the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001302 right uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003889 fallopian tube A fallopian tube that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001303 left uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003889 fallopian tube A fallopian tube that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001304 germinal epithelium of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004911 epithelium of female gonad Layer of simple cuboidal cells covering surface of ovary[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001305 ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8450001 egg follicle A spherical aggregation of cells in the ovary that contains a single oocyte[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001306 cumulus oophorus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster A cluster of cells that project into the cavity of the mature ovarian follicle. It is released with the embedded oocyte during ovulation. In order for fertilization to occur this layer must be penetrated by the spermatocyte. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001307 capsule of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A capsule that surrounds a female gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001308 external iliac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005609 iliac artery The external iliac artery is a large artery in the pelvic region that carries blood to the lower limb. The external iliac artery is a paired artery, meaning there is one on each side of the body: a right external iliac artery and left external iliac artery. The external iliac artery is accompanied by the external iliac vein, which is located posterior to the artery. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001309 internal iliac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005609 iliac artery The internal iliac artery (formerly known as the hypogastric artery) is the main artery of the pelvis. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001310 umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010260 umbilical blood vessel The umbilical artery is a paired artery (with one for each half of the body) that is found in the abdominal and pelvic regions. In the fetus, it extends into the umbilical cord. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001311 inferior vesical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009027 vesical artery An artery that supplies blood to the lower urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001312 superior vesical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009027 vesical artery An artery that supplies blood to the upper urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001314 obturator artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The obturator artery passes antero-inferiorly (forwards and downwards) on the lateral wall of the pelvis, to the upper part of the obturator foramen, and, escaping from the pelvic cavity through the obturator canal, it divides into both an anterior and a posterior branch. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001316 external iliac vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005610 iliac vein A large vein that connects the femoral vein to the common iliac vein. Their origin is at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligaments and they terminate when they join the internal iliac veins (to form the common iliac veins). Both external iliac veins are accompanied along their course by external iliac arteries. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001317 internal iliac vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005610 iliac vein A vein that begins near the upper part of the greater sciatic foramen, passes upward behind and slightly medial to the hypogastric artery and, at the brim of the pelvis, joins with the external iliac to form the common iliac vein. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001319 vaginal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure One the veins that drains the vaginal venous plexus, into the hypogastric veins. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001324 common fibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003431 leg nerve A nerve arising at the terminal division of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa and extending to the neck of the fibula, ultimately innervating the Peroneus muscle[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001325 muscle of pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005179 pelvic region element Muscle (organ) which is a part of the pelvis. Examples: levator ani,. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001328 lobe of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009912 anatomical lobe A portion of a prostate that forms a lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001330 pampiniform plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001593 venous plexus The pampiniform plexus is a network of many small veins found in the male spermatic cord. It is formed by the union of multiple spermatic veins from the back of the testis and tributaries from the epididymis. The veins of the plexus ascend along the cord in front of the ductus deferens. Below the subcutaneous inguinal ring they unite to form three or four veins, which pass along the inguinal canal, and, entering the abdomen through the abdominal inguinal ring, coalesce to form two veins. These again unite to form a single vein, the testicular vein, which opens on the right side into the inferior vena cava, at an acute angle, and on the left side into the left renal vein, at a right angle. The pampinoform plexus forms the chief mass of the cord. In addition to its function in venous return from the testes, the pampiniform plexus also plays a role in the temperature regulation of the testes. It acts as a heat exchanger, cooling blood in adjacent arteries. An abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform plexus is a medical condition called varicocele. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001331 skin of penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A zone of skin that is part of a penis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001332 prepuce of penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011374 prepuce A retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis and protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001333 male urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000057 urethra A urethra that is part of a male reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001334 female urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000057 urethra A urethra that is part of a female reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001335 prostatic urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The widest and most dilatable part of the male urethra canal which runs almost vertically through the prostate from its base to its apex, lying nearer its anterior than its posterior surface; this portion of the urethral canal is spindle-shaped, being wider in the middle than at either extremity, and narrowest below, where it joins the membranous portion; it is lined by transitional epithelium and contains in its posterior wall, or floor, the orifices of the prostatic utricle, ejaculatory ducts, and prostatic ducts, collectively known as the seminal colliculus (aka verumontanum). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001337 spongiose part of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The longest part of the male urethra contained in the corpus spongiosum and extending from the end of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice; commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward; while narrow and of uniform size in the body of the penis, it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae; the spongy urethra is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium proximally, and by stratified squamous epithelium distally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001338 urethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the male or female urethra that help protect the epithelium from the corrosive urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001343 seminiferous tubule of testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system The tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis occurs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001344 epithelium of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004804 oviduct epithelium The epithelial layer of the vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001346 vaginal hymen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A membrane that surrounds or partially covers the vaginal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001347 white adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001013 adipose tissue Connective tissue consisting of fat-storing cells and arranged in lobular groups or along minor blood vessels[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001348 brown adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001013 adipose tissue A thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001349 externally connecting tube lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity Anatomical cavity that connects an organ cavity, organ cavity subdivision or cavity of body part subdivision to the exterior, completely or partially surrounded by organs or organ parts that are lined by epithelium. Examples: preputial cavity, vestibule of vagina.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001350 coccyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008001 irregular bone A collection of caudal vertebrae in the coccygeal region that are fused and part of the bony pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001351 lacrimal sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ The upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct that is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla; it connects the lacrimal canaliculi, which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct, which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity; like the nasolacrimal duct, the sac is lined by stratified columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting goblet cells, and is surrounded by connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001352 external acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear. The human ear canal extends from the pinna to the eardrum and is about 26 mm in length and 7 mm in diameter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001353 anal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The anus and surrounding regions. Encompasses both internal and external regions, where present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001355 deep femoral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The profunda femoris artery (also known as the deep femoral artery, or the deep artery of the thigh) is a branch of the femoral artery that, as its name suggests, travels more deeply (posteriorly) than the rest of the femoral artery. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001356 medial circumflex femoral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The medial circumflex femoral artery (internal circumflex artery, medial femoral circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh that helps supply blood to the neck of the femur. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001359 cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007779 transudate A clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001363 great saphenous vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007318 saphenous vein The great saphenous vein (GSV), also greater saphenous vein, is the large (subcutaneous) superficial vein of the leg and thigh. The terms 'safaina' (Greek) and 'el safin' (Arabic) have both been claimed as the origin for the word 'saphenous'. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001365 sacro-iliac joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The joint in the bony pelvis between the sacrum and the ilium of the pelvis, which are joined by strong ligaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001366 parietal peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022351 parietal serous membrane The outer layer of peritoneum that is attached to the abdominal and pelvic walls. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001367 external anal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007522 striated muscle sphincter The Sphincter ani externus (external anal sphincter) is a flat plane of muscular fibers, elliptical in shape and intimately adherent to the integument surrounding the margin of the anus. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001377 quadriceps femoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003663 hindlimb muscle One of the muscles belong to the group consisting of the rectus femoris and the three heads of the vastus (lateralis, medialis, intermedius). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001378 rectus femoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001377 quadriceps femoris The Rectus femoris muscle is one of the four quadriceps muscles of the human body. (The others are the vastus medialis, the vastus intermedius, and the vastus lateralis. All four combine to form the quadriceps tendon, which inserts into the patella and continues as the patellar ligament. ) The Rectus femoris is situated in the middle of the front of the thigh; it is fusiform in shape, and its superficial fibers are arranged in a bipenniform manner, the deep fibers running straight down to the deep aponeurosis. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001379 vastus lateralis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001377 quadriceps femoris The Vastus lateralis (Vastus externus) is the largest part of the Quadriceps femoris. It arises by a broad aponeurosis, which is attached to the upper part of the intertrochanteric line, to the anterior and inferior borders of the greater trochanter, to the lateral lip of the gluteal tuberosity, and to the upper half of the lateral lip of the linea aspera; this aponeurosis covers the upper three-fourths of the muscle, and from its deep surface many fibers take origin. A few additional fibers arise from the tendon of the Glutæus maximus, and from the lateral intermuscular septum between the Vastus lateralis and short head of the Biceps femoris. The fibers form a large fleshy mass, which is attached to a strong aponeurosis, placed on the deep surface of the lower part of the muscle: this aponeurosis becomes contracted and thickened into a flat tendon inserted into the lateral border of the patella, blending with the Quadriceps femoris tendon, and giving an expansion to the capsule of the knee-joint. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001380 vastus medialis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001377 quadriceps femoris The vastus medialis, often called the 'teardrop' muscle, is a medially located muscle of the quadriceps. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001383 muscle of leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003663 hindlimb muscle A muscle that is part of the region of the hindlimb between the pelvis and ankle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001384 primary motor cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The part of the cerebral cortex that receives projections from the motor thalamus and which projects to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord. The motor cortex corresponds to Brodmann's area 4 (MM). The primary motor cortex, or M1, is located on the precentral gyrus and on the anterior paracentral lobule on the medial surface of the brain. Of the three motor cortex areas, stimulation of the primary motor cortex requires the least amount of electrical current to elicit a movement. http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s3/chapter03.html. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001385 tibialis anterior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008230 tibialis A muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. Its acts to invert the foot. It is situated on the lateral side of the tibia; it is thick and fleshy above, tendinous below. This muscle overlaps the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve in the upper part of the leg. [WP,unvetted]. The M. tibialis cranialis is a muscle that flexes the tarsometatarsus. It originates on the craniodistal aspect of the femur and proximal tibiotarsus and inserts on the cranial surface of the tarsometarsus[EvoWiki]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001386 extensor digitorum longus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003663 hindlimb muscle A penniform muscle of the lateral front part of the hindlimb responsible for extension of the digits and dorsiflexion of the ankle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001388 gastrocnemius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004256 hindlimb zeugopod muscle The most superficial muscle of the triceps surae group, in the posterior portion of the lower hindleg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001389 soleus muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004256 hindlimb zeugopod muscle A deep muscle of the triceps surae group, in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001393 auditory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The part of the brain that is the ultimate target of afferent auditory information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001394 axillary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery Artery that supplies the axilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001397 subscapular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The subscapular artery, the largest branch of the axillary artery, arises at the lower border of the Subscapularis, which it follows to the inferior angle of the scapula, where it anastomoses with the lateral thoracic and intercostal arteries and with the descending branch of the transverse cervical, and ends in the neighboring muscles. About 4 cm. from its origin it gives off two branches, first the scapular circumflex artery and then the thoracodorsal artery. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001415 skin of pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003836 abdominal segment skin A zone of skin that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001416 skin of abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003836 abdominal segment skin A zone of skin that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001417 skin of neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001418 skin of thorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001085 skin of trunk A zone of skin that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001419 skin of limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001421 pectoral girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An organism subdivision that includes the pectoral girdle skeleton and associated soft tissue. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). Examples: There are only two instances in an organism, right and left pectoral girdle regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001422 facial lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel A lymphatic vessel that is part of a face [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001423 radius bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015001 radius endochondral element The major preaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001424 ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015003 ulna endochondral element The major postaxial endochondral bone in the anterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001427 radiale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001480 proximal carpal bone Endochondral proximal carpal bone articulating with the radius. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001428 intermedium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001480 proximal carpal bone Endochondral carpal bone articulating with the ulnare and the radiale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001429 pisiform http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007997 sesamoid bone of manus A laterally positioned sesamoid bone found in close proximity with and occasionally fused to the ulnare. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001434 skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision Anatomical system that is a multi-element, multi-tissue anatomical cluster that consists of the skeleton and the articular system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001435 carpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015049 carpus endochondral element A bone that is part of the carpal skeleton. Examples: scaphoid, lunate, capitate[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001436 phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a forelimb autopod[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001437 epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone The head of a long bone that articulates with a neighboring skeletal element and is separated from the shaft by the epiphyseal plate until bone growth stops. At that time, the plate disappears and the head and shaft are united[MESH,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001438 metaphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone Zone of long bone that is between the epiphysis and diaphysis. Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. Examples: proximal metaphysis of humerus, distal metaphysis of femur.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001439 compact bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue The outer layers of solid, hard bone that covers spongy bone; consists of parallel osteons containing mineral deposits and interstitial lamellae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001440 forelimb skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007272 pectoral appendage skeleton The collection of all skeletal elements in a free forelimb region. Excludes the pectoral girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001441 hindlimb skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007273 pelvic appendage skeleton Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001442 skeleton of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006717 autopodial skeleton Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a manus, which is the distal section of the anterior forelimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the wrist, palm, and fingers)[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443 chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009569 subdivision of trunk Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the neck by the plane of the superior thoracic aperture and from the abdomen internally by the inferior surface of the diaphragm and externally by the costal margin and associated with the thoracic vertebral column and ribcage and from the back of the thorax by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage, the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column and the posterior axillary lines; together with the abdomen and the perineum, it constitutes the trunk proper[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001445 skeleton of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006717 autopodial skeleton Subdivision of skeleton that is the collection of all skeletal elements in a pes, which is the distal section of the posterior hindlimb skeleton consisting of the mesopodium, the metapodium and the acropodium (e.g. including the ankle, sole, and toes)[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001446 fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015013 fibula endochondral element The major postaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001447 tarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015050 tarsus endochondral element A bone that is part of the tarsal skeleton. Examples: calcaneus, talus, centralia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001448 metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element The metatarsus or metatarsal bones are a group of five long bones in the pes located between the tarsal bones of the hind- and mid-pes and the phalanges of the toes. Lacking individual names, the metatarsal bones are numbered from the medial side (side of big toe): the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metatarsal. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001449 phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a hindlimb autopod[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001450 calcaneus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015014 calcaneum endochondral element The postaxial bone of the proximal tarsals series[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001451 navicular bone of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012131 centrale The oval-shaped tarsal bone found between the talus and the 3 cuneiform bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001452 distal tarsal bone 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015102 distal tarsal bone 1 endochondral element Endochondral tarsal bone articulating with centralia and metatarsal 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001457 skin of eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face A zone of skin that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001458 skin of lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a lip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001459 skin of external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001084 skin of head A zone of skin that is part of a external ear [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001460 arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008785 upper limb segment The part of the forelimb extending from the shoulder to the autopod[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001461 elbow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008785 upper limb segment The elbow is the region surrounding the elbow-joint-the ginglymus or hinge joint in the middle of the arm. Three bones form the elbow joint: the humerus of the upper arm, and the paired radius and ulna of the forearm. The bony prominence at the very tip of the elbow is the olecranon process of the ulna, and the inner aspect of the elbow is called the antecubital fossa. [WP,unvetted,human-specific]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001463 manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019231 manual digit 1 or 5 1st (preaxial) digit of the manus[Wikipedia]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001464 hip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The hip region is located lateral to the gluteal region (i.e. the buttock), inferior to the iliac crest, and overlying the greater trochanter of the thigh bone. In adults, three of the bones of the pelvis have fused into the hip bone which forms part of the hip region. The hip joint, scientifically referred to as the acetabulofemoral joint (art. coxae), is the joint between the femur and acetabulum of the pelvis and its primary function is to support the weight of the body in both static (e.g. standing) and dynamic (e.g. walking or running) postures. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001465 knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008784 lower limb segment A segment of the hindlimb that corresponds to the joint connecting a hindlimb stylopod and zeugopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001466 pedal digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002544 digit A digit that is part of a pes (foot). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001467 shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A subdivision of the pectoral complex consisting of the structures in the region of the shoulder joint (which connects the humerus, scapula and clavicle). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001468 intervertebral joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002216 symphysis The joint between adjacent vertebral bodies. May be composed of the nucleus pulposus, annular ligament, and the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001469 sternoclavicular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011108 synovial joint of pectoral girdle The sternoclavicular articulation is a double arthrodial joint composed of two portions separated by an articular disc. The parts entering into its formation are the sternal end of the clavicle, the upper and lateral part of the manubrium sterni, and the cartilage of the first rib, visible from the outside as the suprasternal notch. The articular surface of the clavicle is much larger than that of the sternum, and is invested with a layer of cartilage, which is considerably thicker than that on the latter bone. The ligaments of this joint are: Articular capsule Anterior sternoclavicular ligament Posterior sternoclavicular ligament Interclavicular ligament Costoclavicular ligament Articular disk [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001470 glenohumeral joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016884 shoulder joint The glenohumeral joint, commonly known as the shoulder joint, is a multiaxial synovial ball and socket joint and involves articulation between the glenoid fossa of the scapula (shoulder blade) and the head of the humerus (upper arm bone). [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001471 skin of prepuce of penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001331 skin of penis The loose fold of skin that covers the penis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001472 vaginal venous plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ The vaginal plexuses are placed at the sides of the vagina; they communicate with the uterine, vesical, and hemorrhoidal plexuses, and are drained by the vaginal veins, one on either side, into the hypogastric veins. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 vessel A vessel that contains or conveys lymph, that originates as an interfibrillar or intercellular cleft or space in a tissue or organ, and that if small has no distinct walls or walls composed only of endothelial cells and if large resembles a vein in structure[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Skeletal element that is composed of bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001476 deltoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034908 scapular muscle A muscle of shoulder which attaches to the scapula, clavicle and humerus.[FMA,generalized]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001479 sesamoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013631 sesamoid element A sesamoid element that is composed of bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001480 proximal carpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015078 proximal carpal endochondral element A carpal bone that proximally_connected_to a forelimb zeugopod skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001481 distal carpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018102 distal mesopodial bone A distal carpal endochondral element that is composed primarily of a bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001482 muscle of shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate Any muscle organ that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001483 skin of shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a shoulder region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001484 articular capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000094 membrane organ An articular capsule (or joint capsule) is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001485 knee joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the femur and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest and most complicated joint in the human body. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus (i.e. a pivotal hinge joint), which permits flexion and extension as well as a slight medial and lateral rotation[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001486 hip joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011107 synovial joint of pelvic girdle A synovial joint that connects the femur to the acetbulum of the innominate bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001487 pes joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint A skeletal joint that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001488 ankle joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint A joint that connects the hindlimb autopod and zeugopod skeletons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001489 manus joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint A skeletal joint that is part of a manus (hand) [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001490 elbow joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint A joint that connects the forelimb zeugopod and stylopod skeletons[Obol]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001491 wrist joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001489 manus joint A joint connecting the forelimb zeugopod skeleton with the carpal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001493 axillary nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003433 arm nerve The axillary nerve is a nerve of the human body, that comes off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus at the level of the axilla (armpit) and carries nerve fibers from C5 and C6. The axillary nerve travels through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001495 pectoral muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008196 muscle of pectoral girdle Muscles of the upper chest. The term may refer to one of two muscles, the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor. The former is a thick muscle in the anterior portion of the chest. Its action involves flexion, medial rotation, and adduction of the humerus. The latter is a thin muscle located beneath the pectoralis major. Its action involves lowering the scapula and raising the ribs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001496 ascending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001515 thoracic aorta The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta[GO]. A portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the sternum; it passes obliquely upward, forward, and to the right, in the direction of the heart's axis, as high as the upper border of the second right costal cartilage, describing a slight curve in its course, and being situated, about 6 cm behind the posterior surface of the sternum. The total length is about 5 cm in length [Wikipedia]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001497 muscle of pelvic girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010890 pelvic complex muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a pelvic girdle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001498 muscle of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003663 hindlimb muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001499 muscle of arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003662 forelimb muscle A muscle organ that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001500 muscle of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003662 forelimb muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001502 interosseous muscle of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014375 intrinsic muscle of manus Any of the interosseous muscles of the manus (hand). This includes the dorsal and plantar interossei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001508 arch of aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001515 thoracic aorta The convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; branches from it include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001510 skin of knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001511 skin of leg A zone of skin that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001511 skin of leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003532 hindlimb skin A zone of skin that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001512 skin of ankle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001513 skin of pes A zone of skin that is part of an ankle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001513 skin of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015790 autopod skin A zone of skin that is part of a pes [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001514 descending aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005800 section of aorta The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries[GO]. The descending aorta is part of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. The descending aorta is the part of the aorta beginning at the aortic arch that runs down through the chest and abdomen. The descending aorta is divided into two portions, the thoracic and abdominal, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. Within the abdomen, the descending aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries which serve the legs. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001515 thoracic aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005800 section of aorta The part of the aorta that extends from the origin at the heart to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001516 abdominal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005800 section of aorta Abdominal part of aorta: the distal part of the descending aorta, which is the continuation of the thoracic part and gives rise to the inferior phrenic, lumbar, median sacral, superior and inferior mesenteric, middle suprarenal, renal, and testicular or ovarian arteries, and celiac trunk[BTO]. The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdominal cavity. As part of the aorta, it is a direct continuation of descending aorta(of the thorax). [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001517 skin of elbow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002427 arm skin A zone of skin that is part of a elbow [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001518 skin of wrist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001519 skin of manus A zone of skin that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001519 skin of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015790 autopod skin A zone of skin that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001528 radio-ulnar joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint A joint that connects the radius and the ulna. Examples: proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001529 brachiocephalic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery The short first aortic arch branch and divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001530 common carotid artery plus branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery A bilaterally paired branched artery that originates from the aortic arches and divides into and includes as parts the internal and external carotid arteries[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001531 right common carotid artery plus branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001530 common carotid artery plus branches The rightmost of the two common carotid arteries, originating from in the neck from the brachiocephalic trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001532 internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003496 head blood vessel A terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to the brain and eyes[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001533 subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery One of two laterally paired arteries that supplies the pectoral appendages, usually branching from the dorsal aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001534 right subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The subclavian artery that supplies the right pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001536 left common carotid artery plus branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001530 common carotid artery plus branches The leftmost of the two common carotid arteries, originating from the aortic arch in the thorax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001542 inguinal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005173 abdominal segment element The lymph nodes located in the groin area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001543 popliteal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016398 lymph node of lower limb The lymph nodes which drain the legs; contained in the popliteal fossa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001544 popliteal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The popliteal vein course runs alongside the popliteal artery but carries the blood from the knee joint and muscles in the thigh and calf back to the heart. Its origin is defined by the junction of the posterior tibial vein and anterior tibial vein. It drains the peroneal vein before reaching the knee joint and turns into the femoral vein when leaving the adductor canal (also known as Hunter's canal). The popliteal artery extends from the femoral artery behind the popliteal fossa which is the space behind the knee. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001545 anterior tibial vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010370 tibial vein A vein of the lower limb that carries blood from the anterior compartment of the leg to the popliteal vein which is forms when it joins with the posterior tibial vein. Like most deep veins, the anterior tibial vein is accompanied by an artery of the same name, the anterior tibial artery, along its course. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001546 posterior tibial vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010370 tibial vein A vein of the lower limb carries blood from the posterior compartment and plantar surface of the foot to the popliteal vein which it forms when it joins with the anterior tibial vein. Like most deep veins, the posterior tibial vein is accompanied by an artery of the same name, the posterior tibial artery, along its course. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001547 small saphenous vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007318 saphenous vein The small saphenous vein (also lesser saphenous vein), is a relatively large vein of the superficial posterior leg. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001549 dorsal metatarsal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The dorsal metatarsal veins are veins which drain the metatarsus of the foot. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001550 medial marginal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A continuation of the Dorsal venous arch of the foot and is the origin of the long saphenous vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001552 kidney arcuate artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003644 kidney arterial blood vessel One of the curved arteries at the corticomedullary border of the kidney that arise from the interlobar arteries and give rise to the interlobular arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001554 skin of hip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a hip region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001555 digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 tube A tube extending from the mouth to the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001556 lower urinary tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the urinary bladder and the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001566 cricothyroid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006328 laryngeal intrinsic muscle Intrinsic muscle of the larynx, innervated by the external division of the laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve. It attaches to the anterolateral surface of the cricoid cartilage and the external surface of the thyroid cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001567 cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone A fleshy subdivision of one side of the face bounded by an eye, ear and the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001568 muscle of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The muscles associated with the larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001569 constrictor muscle of pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000933 chordate pharyngeal muscle Pharyngeal constrictor refers to one of the muscles that serves to constrict the pharynx. They include: Superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle Middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle Inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001571 genioglossus muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Either of a pair of lingual muscles with origin in the mandible, with insertion to the lingual fascia below the mucous membrane and epiglottis, with nerve supply from the hypoglossal nerve, and whose action depresses and protrudes the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001572 hyoglossus muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001575 extrinsic muscle of tongue A muscle that attaches to the hyopid bone and to the tongue and is innervated by cranial nerve XII. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001575 extrinsic muscle of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000378 tongue muscle A muscle organ that attaches the tongue to some other structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001576 intrinsic muscle of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The intrinsic tongue muscles are an integral part of the tongue and completely contained within the tongue that are innervated by Cranial Nerve XII. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001577 facial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015789 cranial or facial muscle A muscle innervated by a facial nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001578 orbicularis oculi muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004277 eye muscle A circumorbital muscle in the face that closes the eyelid[HP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001584 left subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The subclavian artery that supplies the left pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001586 internal jugular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004711 jugular vein One of two jugular veins that collect the blood from the brain, the superficial parts of the face, and the neck. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001587 subclavian vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The subclavian vein is a paired large vein, one on either side of the body. Their diameter is approximately that of the smallest finger. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001591 thymic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains blood from the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001592 bronchial vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The bronchial veins are small vessels that return blood from the larger bronchi and structures at the roots of the lungs. The right side drains into the azygos vein, while the left side drains into the left superior intercostal vein or the accessory hemiazygos vein. The bronchial veins are counterparts to the bronchial arteries. The veins, however, do not return all of the blood supplied by the arteries; much of the blood that is carried in the bronchial arteries is returned to the heart via the pulmonary veins. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001593 venous plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005629 vascular plexus A congregation of multiple veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001594 azygos vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein An unpaired vein which in humans arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava; unlike humans, mice have a single and left-sided azygos vein that develops from the paired embryonic cardinal venous system and drains most of the right and left thoracic walls into the left anterior vena cava[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001597 masseter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003681 masticatory muscle Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by masseteric nerve branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V), and attaches to mandible and zygomatic arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001598 temporalis muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003681 masticatory muscle Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that is innervated by the deep temporal branches of the trigeminal nerve and attaches to the wall of the braincase (including the cranial vault) and mandible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001599 stapedius muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004113 muscle of auditory ossicle The muscle that stabilizes the stapes bone. The stapedius emerges from a pinpoint foramen in the apex of the pyramidal eminence (a hollow, cone-shaped prominence in the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity), and inserts into the neck of the stapes. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001600 tensor tympani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018544 trigeminal nerve muscle The larger of the two muscles of the tympanic cavity, is contained in the bony canal above the osseous portion of the auditory tube. Its role is to dampen sounds produced from chewing. It arises from the cartilaginous portion of the auditory tube and the adjoining part of the great wing of the sphenoid, as well as from the osseous canal in which it is contained. Passing backward through the canal, it ends in a slender tendon which enters the tympanic cavity, makes a sharp bend around the extremity of the septum, known as the processus cochleariformis[1], and is inserted into the manubrium of the malleus, near its root[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001602 medial rectus extraocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006533 rectus extraocular muscle The medial rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. As with most of the muscles of the orbit, it is innervated by the inferior division of the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). This muscle shares an origin with several other extrinsic eye muscles, the anulus tendineus, or common tendon. It is the largest of the extraocular muscles and its only action is adduction of the eyeball. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001603 lateral rectus extra-ocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006533 rectus extraocular muscle The lateral rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. It is one of six extraocular muscles that control the movements of the eye (abduction in this case) and the only muscle innervated by the abducens nerve, cranial nerve VI. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001604 levator palpebrae superioris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001601 extra-ocular muscle The levator palpebrae superioris (or levator muscle of upper eyelid) is the muscle in the orbit that elevates the superior (upper) eyelid. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001605 ciliary muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011222 intra-ocular muscle The ciliary muscle is a ring of smooth muscle in the middle layer of the eye that controls the eye's accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour through Schlemm's canal. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001607 sphincter pupillae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007521 smooth muscle sphincter A sphincter muscle that is part of the iris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001608 dilatator pupillae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004234 iris smooth muscle A smooth muscle of the eye, running radially in the iris that functions as a dilator. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001609 isthmus of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A narrow median bridge that joins together the lower thirds of the two lateral (right and left) lobes of the thyroid gland and usually covers the second and the third tracheal rings; the thyroid isthmus is variable in presence and size, can change shape and size, and can encompass a cranially extending pyramid lobe (lobus pyramidalis or processus pyramidalis), remnant of the thyroglossal duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001610 lingual artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The lingual artery arises from the external carotid between the superior thyroid and facial artery[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001611 sublingual artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery A branch of the lingual artery that supplies the sublingual gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001612 facial artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035398 branch of external carotid artery A branch of the external carotid artery that supplies structures of the face. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001613 occipital artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035398 branch of external carotid artery The occipital artery arises opposite the facial artery, its path is below the posterior belly of digastric to the occipital region. This artery supplies blood to the back of the scalp and sterno-mastoid muscles. Other muscles it supplies are deep muscles in the back and neck. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001616 maxillary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies deep structures of the face. It comes just out behind the neck of the mandible. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001617 mental artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The mental branch of inferior alveolar artery escapes with the nerve at the mental foramen, supplies the chin, and anastomoses with the submental and inferior labial arteries. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001619 ophthalmic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery which supplies branches to supply the eye and other structures in the orbit. It enters the orbit together with the Optic nerve through the Optic foramen/canal. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001620 central retinal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003501 retina blood vessel The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001622 lacrimal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The lacrimal artery arises close to the optic foramen, and is one of the largest branches derived from the ophthalmic artery: not infrequently it is given off before the artery enters the orbit. It accompanies the lacrimal nerve along the upper border of the Lateral Rectus, supplies the lacrimal gland. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001624 anterior cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004449 cerebral artery One of a pair of arteries on the brain that supply oxygen to most medial portions of frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes. The 2 anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery and are part of the Circle of Willis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001627 middle cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004449 cerebral artery The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the three major paired arteries that supplies blood to the cerebrum. The MCA arises from the internal carotid and continues into the lateral sulcus where it then branches and projects to many parts of the lateral cerebral cortex. It also supplies blood to the anterior temporal lobes and the insular cortices. The left and right MCAs rise from trifurcations of the internal carotid arteries and thus are connected to the anterior cerebral arteries and the posterior communicating arteries, which connect to the posterior cerebral arteries. The MCAs are not considered a part of the Circle of Willis. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001628 posterior communicating artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure One of a pair of right-sided and left-sided blood vessels in the circle of Willis. It connects the three cerebral arteries of the same side. Anteriorly, it is one portion of the terminal trifurcation of the internal carotid artery. The anterior cerebral artery and the middle cerebral artery are the other two branches of the trifurcation. Posteriorly, it communicates with the posterior cerebral artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005090 muscle structure Organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001631 thoracic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A major lymphatic vessel that drains lymph from the lower body, left appendage, and left thorax into the junction of the left jugular and subclavian veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001635 superior cerebellar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003472 cerebellar artery The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) arises near the termination of the basilar artery. It passes lateralward, immediately below the oculomotor nerve, which separates it from the posterior cerebral artery, winds around the cerebral peduncle, close to the trochlear nerve, and, arriving at the upper surface of the cerebellum, divides into branches which ramify in the pia mater and anastomose with those of the inferior cerebellar arteries. Several branches are given to the pineal body, the anterior medullary velum, and the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001636 posterior cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is one of a pair of blood vessels that supplies oxygenated blood to the posterior aspect of the brain in human anatomy]. It arises near the intersection of the posterior communicating artery and the basilar artery and connects with the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery via the posterior communicating artery (PCommA). [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001639 hepatic portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002017 portal vein A portal vein that transports nutrients from the digestive tract to the liver[Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001640 celiac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012254 abdominal aorta artery The first major branch of the abdominal aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001641 transverse sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017635 paired venous dural sinus One of the dural venous sinuses and drains the superior sagittal sinus the occipital sinus and the straight sinus, and empties into the sigmoid sinus which in turn reaches the jugular bulb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001651 right pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The pulmonary artery that supplies the right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001652 left pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The pulmonary artery that supplies the left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001653 facial vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009141 craniocervical region vein The anterior facial vein (facial vein) commences at the side of the root of the nose, and is a direct continuation of the angular vein where it also receives a small nasal branch. It lies behind the facial artery and follows a less tortuous course. It receives blood from the external palatine vein before it either joins the anterior branch of the retromandibular vein to form the common facial vein, or drains directly into the internal jugular vein. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001663 cerebral vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003499 brain blood vessel The cerebral veins are divisible into external and internal groups according to the outer surfaces or the inner parts of the hemispheres they drain into. The external veins are the superior cerebral veins, inferior cerebral veins, and middle cerebral vein. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001665 triceps surae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004256 hindlimb zeugopod muscle The triceps surae is a pair of muscles located at the calf - the gastrocnemius and the soleus. These muscles both insert into the calcaneus, the bone of the heel of the human foot, and form the major part of the muscle of the back part of the lower leg, commonly known as the calf muscle. The triceps surae is connected to the foot through the Achilles tendon, and has 3 heads deriving from the 2 major masses of muscle. The superficial portion (the gastrocnemius) gives off 2 heads attaching to the base of the femur directly above the knee. The deep (profundis) mass of muscle (the soleus) forms the remaining head which attaches to the superior posterior area of the tibia. The triceps surae is innervated by the tibial nerve, specifically, nerve roots L5-S2. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001667 tibialis posterior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008230 tibialis The Tibialis posterior is the most central of all the leg muscles, and is located in the posterior compartment of the leg. It is the key stabilizing muscle of the lower leg. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001668 cerebellar vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001674 masseteric vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A plexiform vein accompanying the masseteric artery that empty into the pterygoid venous plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001675 trigeminal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The cranial ganglion that is associated with and extends fibers into the trigeminal nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001676 occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone The bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001678 temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008193 pneumatized bone The large, irregular bone located at the base and side of the skull; consists of three parts at birth: squamous, tympanic, and petrous. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001680 lacrimal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The irregularly thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001681 nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure One of two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face, and form, by their junction, 'the bridge' of the nose[WP]. Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001682 palatine bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A paired dermal bone situated in the mid-palate that helps form the hard palate [Palaeos]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001683 jugal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The quadrilateral bone that forms the prominence of the cheek. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001685 hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008001 irregular bone A horseshoe shaped bone situated in the anterior midline of the neck between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. The hyoid bone provides attachment to the muscles of the floor of the mouth and the tongue above, the larynx below, and the epiglottis and pharynx behind. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001686 auditory ossicle bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003457 head bone One of 3 small bones contained within the middle ear space and serve to transmit sounds from the air to the fluid-filled labyrinth. The absence of the auditory ossicles would constitute a moderate-to-severe hearing loss. The term 'ossicles' literally means 'tiny bones' and commonly refers to the auditory ossicles, though the term may refer to any small bone throughout the body. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001687 stapes bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015016 stapes endochondral element The stapes or stirrup is the stirrup-shaped small bone or ossicle in the middle ear which is attached to the incus laterally and to the fenestra ovalis, the 'oval window' medially. The oval window is adjacent to the vestibule of the inner ear. The stapes is the smallest and lightest bone in the human body. The stapes transmits the sound vibrations from the incus to the membrane of the inner ear inside the fenestra ovalis. The stapes is also stabilized by the stapedius muscle, which is innervated by the facial nerve. In non-mammalian vertebrates, the bone homologous to the stapes is usually called the columella; however, in reptiles, either term may be used[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001688 incus bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015017 incus endochondral element The incus or anvil is the anvil-shaped small bone or ossicle in the middle ear. It connects the malleus to the stapes. It was first described by Alessandro Achillin of Bologna. The incus transmits sound vibrations from the malleus to the stapes. The incus only exists in mammals, and is derived from a reptilian upper jaw bone, the quadrate bone. Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and mandible. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001689 malleus bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015018 malleus endochondral element The malleus or hammer is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear which connects with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum. The word is Latin for hammer. It transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus. The malleus is unique to mammals, and evolved from a lower jaw bone in basal amniotes called the articular, which still forms part of the jaw joint in reptiles. Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and mandible. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001690 ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001692 basioccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015048 basioccipital endochondral element One of the bones of the occiput, the part of the skull which articulates with the spine. The basioccipital is located (if present) ventral to the foramen magnum. It often rests on or articulates with the basisphenoid, as well as meeting the exoccipitals. The basioccipital usually forms most (sometimes all) of the occipital condyle(s) and the ventral margin of the foramen magnum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001693 exoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015051 exoccipital endochondral element Paired cartilage bone that bears a large foramen (lateral occipital foramen). Contacts the supraoccipital dorsally, the epiotic laterally and the basioccipital ventrally. Forms the posterior hind margin of the cranium and borders the lateral and posterior margins of the forum (foramen) magnum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001694 petrous part of temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The petrous portion of the temporal bone or pyramid is pyramidal and is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones. Directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents for examination a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and contains, in its interior, the essential parts of the organ of hearing. The petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium.[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001695 squamous part of temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone A bone which is fused with the temporal bone in many mammals and forms part of the cheek region articulating with quadrate and pterygoid in other vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001697 orbit of skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Subdivision of skeleton that is an anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye. Includes bones formed and located in sclerotic layer of eyeball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001698 foramen ovale of skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull One of the larger of the several holes at the base of the skull that transmit nerves through the skull. The foramen ovale is situated in the anterior part of the sphenoid bone, posteriolateral to the foramen rotundum.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001700 geniculate ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001701 glossopharyngeal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009127 epibranchial ganglion The group of neuron cell bodies associated with the ninth cranial nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001702 eyelash http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair Any of the hairs that grow at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001703 neurocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011158 primary subdivision of skull Subdivision of skeletal system that surrounds and protects the brain. Includes the skull base, sensory capsules and the central part of the skull roof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001706 nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils. It is depressed by the Depressor septi nasi muscle. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001709 upper jaw region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Subdivision of head that consists of the upper jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001710 lower jaw region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Subdivision of head that consists of the lower jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001714 cranial ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000045 ganglion The groups of nerve cell bodies associated with the twelve cranial nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001715 oculomotor nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019267 gray matter of midbrain Nuclear complex containing subnuclei that give rise to the axons of the occulomotor nerve, both motor and parasympathetic fibers, situated at the midline at the level of the superior colliculus in the midbrain tegmentum (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 533-534). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001716 secondary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The part of the palate formed from the fusion of the two palatine shelves, extensions of the maxillary prominences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001718 mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009661 midbrain nucleus Elongated nucleus located in the midbrain tegmentum that receives proprioceptive input from both teh extraocular and the masticatory muscles. Contrary to the general rule, the cell bodies that give rise to these sensory fibers are located within the mesencephalic nucleus rather than in a peripheral ganglion. Some of the sensory fibers in the mesencephalic root give off collaterals to the trigeminal motor nucleus, thereby providing the anatomic basis for the monosynaptic jaw reflex. (Heimer, L. The Human Brain and Spinal Cord, 2nd ed. 1996, page 248). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001720 cochlear nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata Any of the nuclei of the cochlear nuclear complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001725 cranial synchondrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002215 synchondrosis The cartilaginous joints of the skull; these include sphenoethmoidal synchondrosis, sphenooccipital synchondrosis, sphenopetrosal synchondrosis, petrooccipital synchondrosis, anterior intraoccipital synchondrosis and posterior intraoccipital synchondrosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001727 taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A specialized receptor organ that is a collection of cells spanning the gustatory epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001731 cavity of pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001738 thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001739 laryngeal cartilage The largest of the laryngeal cartilages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001740 arytenoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The paired triangular laryngeal cartilages located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001742 epiglottic cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element The most superior of the laryngeal cartilages, which is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001743 ligament of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament A ligament that is part of a larynx and connexts the cartilages of the larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001744 lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034769 lymphomyeloid tissue Portion of connective tissue with various types of white blood cells enmeshed in it, most numerous being the lymphocytes[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001745 secondary nodular lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000444 lymphoid follicle A lymphoid follicle that contains a germinal center. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001747 parenchyma of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest A parenchyma that is part of a thyroid follicle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001748 capsule of parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003893 capsule The dense and irregular connective tissue capsule surrounding a parathyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001749 parenchyma of parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353 parenchyma A parenchyma that is part of a parathyroid gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001751 dentine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000013 mineralized skeletal tissue Collagen-rich odontogenic tissue characteristic of teeth and tooth-like skeletal elements (e.g., odontodes); mature dentine is mineralized and develops from predentine tissue; often (but not always) tubular and acellular. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001752 enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000013 mineralized skeletal tissue A dentine-like hypermineralized substance that covers the tooth tip. Enamel's primary mineral is hydroxylapatite, which is a crystalline calcium phosphate. Unlike dentin and bone, enamel does not contain collagen. Instead, it has two unique classes of proteins called amelogenins and enamelins[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001753 cementum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010365 odontoid tissue Odontoid tissue that is deposited by cementoblasts onto dentine tissue and functions to attach teeth, odontodes and other odontogenic derivatives to bone tissue and the integument. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001758 periodontium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue The tissues that invest or help to invest and support the teeth, including the periodontal ligament, gingivae, cementum, and alveolar and supporting bone[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001761 future foramen cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016566 pit A thickened and indented region in the midline in the floor of the rostral part of the pharyngeal region of the foregut, located between the second and third branchial arches that is the first indication of the thyroid primordium. [Kaufman_MH_and_Bard_JBL, The_anatomical_basis_of_mouse_development_(1999)_San_Diego:_Academic_Press, p.132]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001762 turbinate bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035612 nasal turbinal The small curved bones that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001763 odontogenic papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest A condensation of odontoblasts that forms the part of a tooth germ that gives rise to dentin and pulp in the mature tooth. It lies below a cellular aggregation known as the enamel organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001765 mammary duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003914 epithelial tube Epithelial tube that transports milk[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001766 anterior chamber of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006311 chamber of eyeball The space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, and bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and part of the crystalline lens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001767 posterior chamber of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006311 chamber of eyeball The ring-like space, filled with aqueous humor, between the iris/pupil anteriorly and the lens and ciliary body posteriorly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001772 corneal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium The smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001773 sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Opaque fibrous outer layer of the eyeball[ZFA,Kardong,WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001774 skeletal muscle of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate A skeletal muscle organ that is part of the trunk region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001777 substantia propria of cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The lamellated connective tissue of the cornea between the Bowman and Descemet membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001778 ciliary epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium A double layer covering the ciliary body that produces aqueous humor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001779 iris stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The delicate vascular connective tissue that lies between the anterior surface of the iris and the pars iridica retinae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001780 spinal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve The any of the paired peripheral nerves formed by the union of the dorsal and ventral spinal roots from each spinal cord segment[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Any of the layers that make up the retina[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001782 pigmented layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium A monolayer of pigmented epithelium covering the neural retina; develops from the outer of the two layers of the optic cup[ZFA]. the pigmented cell layer just outside the neurosensory retina that nourishes retinal visual cells, and is firmly attached to the underlying choroid and overlying retinal visual cells[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001783 optic disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The optic disc or optic nerve head is the location where ganglion cell axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve. There are no light sensitive rods or cones to respond to a light stimulus at this point. This causes a break in the visual field called 'the blind spot' or the 'physiological blind spot'. The optic nerve head in a normal human eye carries from 1 to 1.2 million neurons from the eye towards the brain. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001787 photoreceptor layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell receptor segments reside. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001788 outer limiting layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007619 limiting membrane of retina The row of jucntional complexes between the plasma membranes of rod segments and the Muller glia cells; this barrier separates the layer of inner and outer segments of the rods and cones from the outer nuclear layer and forms a blood-retina barrier[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001789 outer nuclear layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina The layer within the retina where the photoreceptor cell bodies reside. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001790 outer plexiform layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina The layer within the retina where the bipolar cells synapse with the photoreceptor cells[ZFA]. Between the inner and outer nuclear layers, the outer plexiform layer (OPL) contains connections between the photoreceptors and bipolar and horizontal cells[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001791 inner nuclear layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina Cytoarchitectural layer of retina containing closely packed cell bodies, the majority of which are bipolar cells (adapted from Wikipedia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001792 ganglionic layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina Cytoarchitectural layer of retina that contains somata of retinal ganglion cells, bounded by the stratum opticum and the inner plexiform layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001793 nerve fiber layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina Layer of the retina formed by expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001794 inner limiting layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The row of fused Muller cell processes and astrocytes that separates the retinal nerve fiber layer from the vitreous[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001795 inner plexiform layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina Cytoarchitectural layer of the retina that is made up of a dense reticulum of fibrils formed by interlaced dendrites of retinal ganglion cells and cells of the inner nuclear layer (adapted from Wikipedia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001796 aqueous humor of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid A thick watery refractive medium that fills the space between the lens and the cornea[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001798 vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011825 loose connective tissue Gelatinous mucoid tissue that is composed of vitreous humor and fills the cavity behind the crystalline lens of the eye and in front of the retina[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001799 vitreous chamber of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006311 chamber of eyeball The chamber in the eyeball enclosing the vitreous humor, bounded anteriorly by the lens and ciliary body and posteriorly by the posterior wall of the eyeball[BTO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001800 sensory ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000045 ganglion The clusters of neurons in the somatic peripheral nervous system which contain the cell bodies of sensory nerve axons, interneurons and non-neuronal supporting cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001801 anterior segment of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any of the parts of the eye that lie in front of, or ventral to, the lens (inclusive). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001802 posterior segment of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any of the parts of the eye that lie in back of, or dorsal to, the lens (but not inclusive). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001803 epithelium of lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium A layer of epithelial cells that is part of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001804 capsule of lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane The elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001805 autonomic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003338 ganglion of peripheral nervous system Ganglion that has dendrites that form a junction between autonomic nerves originating from the central nervous system and autonomic nerves innervating their target organs in the periphery. There are two subtypes, sympathetic ganglion and parasympathetic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001806 sympathetic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples: paravertebral and the prevertebral ganglia, which include the sympathetic chain ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia, and the aorticorenal, celiac, and stellate ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001807 paravertebral ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007134 trunk ganglion Trunk ganglion which is part of a bilaterally paired set of sympathetic ganglia located anterior and lateral to the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Ganglion containing neurons that receive innervation from parasympathetic neurons in the central nervous system and subserves parasympathetic functions through innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001810 nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction Anatomical junction where subdivisions of two or more neural trees interconnect with one another to form a network through which nerve fibers of the constituent nerve trees become regrouped; together with other nerve plexuses, nerves and ganglia, it constitutes the peripheral nervous system. Examples: cervical nerve plexus, brachial nerve plexus, sacral nerve plexus[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001812 palpebral conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010305 subdivision of conjunctiva A thin transparent mucous membrane that covers the posterior surface of the eyelids and is continuous with the bulbar conjunctiva at the conjunctival fornicies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001813 spinal nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001810 nerve plexus An intermingling of fiber fascicles from adjacent spinal nerves to form a network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001815 lumbosacral nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001813 spinal nerve plexus An arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine that travels to the pelvic appendage where it innervates skin and muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001816 autonomic nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001810 nerve plexus A nerve plexus that is part of an autonomic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001818 tarsal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015251 modified sebaceous gland A modified lobulated sebaceous gland at the rim of an eyelid, responsible for the supply of meibum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001819 palpebral fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Orifice separating upper and lower eyelids. In the human adult this measures about 10mm vertically and 30 mm horizontally. It can be reduced in size in fetal alcohol syndrome. In Trisomy 9 the palpebral fissures can be upslanting. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001823 nasal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element One of the cartilage structures in the nose that provide form and support[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001824 mucosa of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The mucous lining of the larynx, which is composed of squamous epithelium in the upper larynx and ciliated columnar epithelium in the lower larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001826 nasal cavity mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The mucous membrane that lines the nasal cavity[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001827 secretion of lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland Aqueous substance secreted by the lacrimal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001829 major salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure One of the three largest glands of the oral cavity that secrete most of the saliva, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001830 minor salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001044 saliva-secreting gland One of the smaller, largely mucus-secreting, exocrine glands of the oral cavity, consisting of the labial, buccal, molar, lingual, and palatine glands[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001836 saliva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland A fluid produced in the oral cavity by salivary glands, typically used in predigestion, but also in other functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001837 duct of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003928 digestive system duct The duct of a salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001838 sublingual duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001837 duct of salivary gland A duct of a sublingual gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001839 bony labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure A system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001840 semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure One of three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001842 posterior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001840 semicircular canal The posterior semicircular canal is a part of the vestibular system and detects rotations of the head in the sagittal plane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001844 cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The spiral-shaped bony canal in the inner ear containing the hair cells that transduce sound. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing, which is distributed along the partition separating fluid chambers in the coiled tapered tube of the cochlea. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001845 perilymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006586 otolymph Transudate contained in the osseous labyrinth outside the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001847 lobule of pinna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone The soft lower part of the external ear, projecting below the antitragus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001848 auricular cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ Cartilage of the pinna and much of the external ear canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001849 membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Organ with organ cavity which consists of the vestibular labyrinth and the cochlear labyrinth. The membranous labyrinth is lodged within the bony labyrinth and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.[FMA, WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001850 lacrimal drainage system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A collection of channels that connects the conjunctival sac with the nasal cavity, encompassing the lacrimal ducts, the lacrimal sac and the naso-lacrimal duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001851 cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Outermost layer of an organ[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001852 endolymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006586 otolymph Transudate contained within the membranous labyrinth.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001853 utricle of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002518 otolith organ The larger of the two otolith organs in the vestibule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001854 saccule of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002518 otolith organ The smaller of the two otolith organs in the vestibule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001855 cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located in between the scala tympani and the scala vestibuli, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively. Houses the organ of Corti[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001856 semicircular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any of the three loop-shaped membranous inner tubular parts of the semicircular canals that are about one-fourth the diameter of the corresponding outer bony canals, that communicate at each end with the utricle, and that have near one end an expanded ampulla containing an area of sensory epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001858 posterior semicircular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001856 semicircular duct The semicircular canals are three half-circular, interconnected tubes located inside each ear. The three canals are the horizontal semicircular canal (also known as the lateral semicircular canal), superior semicircular canal (also known as the anterior semicircular canal), and the posterior semicircular canal. The canals are aligned approximately orthogonally to one another. The horizontal canal is aligned roughly horizontally in the head. The superior and anterior canals are aligned roughly at a 45 degree angle to a vertical plane drawn from the nose to the back of the skull. Thus, the horizontal canal detects horizontal head movements (such as when doing a pirouette), while the superior and posterior canals detect vertical head movements. Each canal is filled with a fluid called endolymph and contains a motion sensor with little hairs whose ends are embedded in a gelatinous structure called the cupula. As the skull twists in any direction, the endolymph is thrown into different sections of the canals. The cilia detect when the endolymph rushes past, and a signal is then sent to the brain. The semicircular canals are a component of the Labyrinth. Among species of mammals, the size of the semicircular canals is correlated with their type of locomotion. Specifically, species that are agile and have fast, jerky locomotion have larger canals relative to their body size than those that move more cautiously. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001860 endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The small membranous canal, connecting with both saccule and utricle of the membranous labyrinth, passing through the aqueduct of vestibule, and terminating in the endolymphatic sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001862 vestibular labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The part of the membranous labyrinth that includes the utricle and saccule lodged within the vestibule and the semicircular ducts lodged eccentrically in the corresponding canals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001863 scala vestibuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull The division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the apical side of the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001864 scala tympani http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull The division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the basal side of the spiral lamina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001866 sebum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland Fatty lubricant matter secreted by sebaceous glands, and made of made of triglyceride oils, wax, squalene, and metabolytes of fat-producing cells[BTO,WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001867 cartilage of external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element A cartilage that is part of a external ear [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001868 skin of chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001418 skin of thorax A zone of skin that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001870 frontal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe Anterior portion of the neocortex, lying anterior to the central sulcus in humans. It is bounded by the parietal cortex posteriorly and the temporal cortex laterally[NIFSTD,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001873 caudate nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus Subcortical nucleus of telecephalic origin consisting of an elongated gray mass lying lateral to and bordering the lateral ventricle. It is divided into a head, body and tail in some species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001874 putamen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus Subcortical nucleus of telencephalic , which together with the caudate nucleus, forms the striatum. The putamen lies lateral to the internal capsule and medial to the external medullary lamina, and is separated from the caudate nucleus by the fibers of the internal capsule for most of its length, except at its anterior portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001875 globus pallidus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus Subcortical nucleus, functionally part of the basal ganglia, which consists of two segments the external (or lateral) and internal (or medial) separated by the medial medullary lamina in primates. In rodents, The globus pallidus lateral is separated from the medial segment by the fibers of the internal capsule/cerebral peduncle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001876 amygdala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005401 cerebral hemisphere gray matter Subcortical brain region lying anterior to the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe and anterior to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle in some species. It is usually subdivided into several groups. Functionally, it is not considered a unitary structure (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001881 island of Calleja http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus One of the seven small groups of granule cells in the polymorph layer of the olfactory tubercle and one large group, the insula magna, which lies along the border between septum, nucleus accumbens and nucleus of the diagonal band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001882 nucleus accumbens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus A region of the brain consisting of a collection of neurons located in the forebrain ventral to the caudate and putamen. (caudoputamen in rodent) and continuous with these structures. There is no distinct boundary between the nucleus accumbens and the caudate/putamen, but in rodents, it can be identified by its lack of traversing fiber bundles in comparison to the dorsal striatum. Its principle neuron is the medium spiny neuron. Together with the neostriatum (caudate nucleus and putamen), the nucleus accumbens forms the striatum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001883 olfactory tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus Region in the ventral telencephalon, prominent in rodents, but present in all mammals, consisting of a laminated cortical part and the cap/hilus region. It is traditionally viewed as part of the olfactory cortex but recognized by some as having a striatal character. According to many authors, the structure of the OT transitions from cortical like to striatal like along the lateral medial axis. (Maryann Martone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001884 phrenic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003443 thoracic cavity nerve A nerve that arises from the caudal cervical nerves and is primarily the motor nerve of the diaphragm but also sends sensory fibers to the pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001885 dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Part of the hippocampal formation forming a 'V' or 'U' shaped structure with the opening bounded by hippocampal area CA3. It consists of 3 layers from superficial to deep: molecular, granule cell and polymorphic or hilar layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001887 internal capsule of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002437 cerebral hemisphere white matter White matter regional part of brain which is flanked by nuclear masses, consisting of both afferent and efferent fibers projecting between the cerebral cortex and the brainstem and spinal cord. It consists of three distinct parts: an anterior limb, posterior limb, and genu. (Adapted from MSH by Maryann Martone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001888 lateral olfactory stria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034730 olfactory tract linking bulb to ipsilateral dorsal telencephalon White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex (Maryann Martone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001890 forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The most anterior region of the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001891 midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles)[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004731 neuromere A segment of the developing hindbrain[ZFA]. In the vertebrate embryo, a rhombomere is a transiently divided segment of the developing neural tube, within the hindbrain region (a neuromere) in the area that will eventually become the rhombencephalon. The rhombomeres appear as a series of slightly constricted swellings in the neural tube, caudal to the cephalic flexure.[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001895 metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004733 segmental subdivision of hindbrain Rostral segment of the hindbrain that has as its parts the pons (where present) and the cerebellum[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001896 medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001897 dorsal plus ventral thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Subcortical brain region consisting of paired gray matter bodies in the dorsal diencephalon and forming part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle of the brain. The thalamus represents the major portion of the diencephalon and is commonly divided into cellular aggregates known as nuclear groups.(MeSH). The dorsal topographic division of the interbrain. The macrodissected adult human thalamus was clearly illustrated by Vesalius in 1543 and the term as defined here was introduced by His in 1893. It includes the traditional epithalamus, dorsal thalamus, and ventral thalamus of Herrick (1910, pp. 494, 498). Also see Kuhlenbeck (1927, Ch. 9) and Jones (1985, p. 87). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001898 hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. [ZFA]. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).[Wikipedia]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001899 epithalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Most dorsal part of the thalamus, comprising the pineal gland and habenular nuclei in most vertebrates. In a few vertebrates, it also includes the parietal eye. (Butler and Hodos, Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy, 2nd ed, 2005, pg. 345-346. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001900 ventral thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Anterior part of the diencephalon that lies between the dorsal thalamus, hypothalamus, and tegmentum of the mesencephalon, including subthalamic nucleus, zona incerta, the fields of Forel, and the nucleus of ansa lenticularis[GO, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001901 epithelium of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008397 tracheobronchial epithelium The epithelial lining of the trachea which contains numerous ciliated cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001902 epithelium of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001277 intestinal epithelium An epithelium that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001904 habenula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A segment of the epithalamus that has as its parts the habenular nuclei and the habenular commissure[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001906 subthalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015234 nucleus of ventral thalamus The subthalamic nucleus is the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001909 habenular commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0025261 thalamic fiber tract A brain commissure that is situated in front of the pineal gland and connects the habenular nucleus on one side of the diencephalon with that on the other side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001911 mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system A specialized accessory gland of the skin of mammals that secretes milk. The gland is typically only developed in females, and regresses in males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001912 lobule of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009911 lobule Organ component of the mammary gland which consists of an aggregate of mammary alveoli that communicate with a lobular lactiferous duct.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001913 milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006539 mammary gland fluid/secretion An emulsion of fat globules within a fluid that is secreted by the mammary gland during lactation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001915 endothelium of capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008339 microvascular endothelium An endothelium that is part of a capillary [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001916 endothelium of arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008339 microvascular endothelium An endothelium that is part of an arteriole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001917 endothelium of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004700 arterial system endothelium An endothelium that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001918 endothelium of venule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008339 microvascular endothelium An endothelium that is part of a venule [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001919 endothelium of vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004701 venous system endothelium An endothelium that is part of a vein [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001920 paraventricular nucleus of thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus The nucleus paraventricularis anterior thalami and nuclues paraventricularis posterior thalami, two of the nuclei mediani thalami; they are situated on the dorsomedial wall of the thalamus, juxtaposed to the third ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001923 central medial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus A small cell group in the interthalamic adhesion of the thalamus that occupy the midline region of the internal medullary lamina, between the left and right paracentral nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001924 paracentral nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus One of the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, located medial to the central lateral nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001926 lateral geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus The group of neurons that serve as the primary processor of visual information received from the retina via the optic tract and send processed information to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001927 medial geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019269 gray matter of diencephalon Nuclear complex of the thalamus situated on the caudal, subpial aspect of the thalamus (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 622). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001928 preoptic area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Area of the forebrain between the anterior commissure and optic chiasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001929 supraoptic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006568 hypothalamic nucleus The supraoptic nucleus (SON) is a nucleus of magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus of the mammalian brain. The nucleus is situated at the base of the brain, adjacent to the optic chiasm. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001930 paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006568 hypothalamic nucleus Nucleus in the anterior part of the hypothalamus. (MSH) * one of the magnocellular hypothalamic nuclei, an elongated plate of large, deeply staining cells located close to the third ventricle in the anterior hypothalamic area; major source of oxytocin and to a lesser extent, of antidiuretic hormone, neurohormones, which are carried to the neurohypophysis along the paraventriculohypophysial tract. (CSP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001932 arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006568 hypothalamic nucleus The arcuate nucleus (or infundibular nucleus) is an aggregation of neurons in the mediobasal hypothalamus, adjacent to the third ventricle and the median eminence. The arcuate nucleus includes several important populations of neurons, including: Neuroendocrine neurons, Centrally-projecting neurons and Others. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001935 ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006568 hypothalamic nucleus The ventromedial nucleus (sometimes referred to as the ventromedial hypothalamus) is a nucleus of the hypothalamus. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001943 midbrain tegmentum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Ventral part of the midbrain, separated from the hindbrain by the isthmus[ISBN:0471888893]. Subdivision of the midbrain lying anterior to the tectum and posterior to the substantia nigra and cerebral peduncle[FMA] The part of the midbrain extending from the substantia nigra to the cerebral aqueduct in a horizontal section of the midbrain. It forms the floor of the midbrain that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001944 pretectal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007245 nuclear complex of neuraxis Nuclear complex between dorsal thalamus and optic tectum whose nuclei receive afferents primarily from the retina and the optic tectum and are involved in modulating motor behavior in response to visual input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001945 superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Part of the midbrain tecturm consisting of paired bodies that sit caudal to the thalamus and surround the pineal gland in the mesencephalon of vertebrate brains. It comprises the rostral aspect of the midbrain, posterior to the periaqueductal gray and adjacent superior the inferior colliculus. The inferior and superior colliculi are known collectively as the corpora quadrigemina (Latin, quadruplet bodies). It consists of several identified cellular layers and also comprises the brachium of the superior colliculus and commissure of supeior colliculus from Wikipedia.org and Neuronames (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001946 inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Part of the midbrain tectum, consisting of paired predominantly gray matter elevations on the dorsal aspect of the midbrain, located caudal to the superior colliculus, dorsal to the periaqueductal gray of the cerebral aqueduct and rostral to the cerebellum. According to Neuronames, the inferior colliculus comprises the central, pericentral and external nucleus and two predominantly white matter structures, the brachium of the inferior colliculus and the commissure of the inferior colliculus (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001947 red nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009661 midbrain nucleus Large round nucleus located in the midbrain tegmentum, consisting of a magnocellular and parvicellular portion in most species studied. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001948 regional part of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001949 gingival epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035037 jaw epithelium A stratified squamous epithelium consisting of a basal layer; it is keratinized or parakeratinized[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001950 neocortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain An area of cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture that have six layers. Starting from the cortical surface the layers are: molecular layer (I), external granular layer (II), external pyramidal layer (III), internal granular layer (IV), internal pyramidal layer (V), and multiform layer (VI). Neocortex is most prominent in the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe, less so in the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus and the insula. It is composed of two subdivisions: true isocortex and proisocortex (Carpenter-83)(NN). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001951 epithelium of nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004814 upper respiratory tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001952 epithelium of oropharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004808 gastrointestinal system epithelium An epithelium that is part of a oropharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001954 Ammon's horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A part of the brain consisting of a three layered cortex located in the forebrain bordering the medial surface of the lateral ventricle. The term hippocampus is often used synonymously with hippocampal formation which consists of the hippocampus proper or Cornu Ammonis, the dentate gyrus and the subiculum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001955 epithelium of respiratory bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002051 epithelium of bronchiole An epithelium that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001956 cartilage of bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003603 lower respiratory tract cartilage The hyaline cartilaginous structures that support the bronchi, present as irregular rings in the larger bronchi (and not as regular as in the trachea), and as small plates and islands in the smaller bronchi; as the branching continues through the bronchial tree, the amount of hyaline cartilage in the walls decreases until it is absent in the smallest bronchioles[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001957 submucosa of bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004777 respiratory system submucosa A submucosa that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001958 terminal bronchiole epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002051 epithelium of bronchiole An epithelium that lines a terminal bronchiole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001959 white pulp of spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000023 spleen pulp The parenchymatous tissue of the spleen that surrounds splenic blood vessels, consists of compact masses of lymphatic cells and is where foreign material removed from the blood is used to initiate an immune reaction that results in the production of antibodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001960 periarterial lymphatic sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010393 T cell domain The area of the spleen in which T cells surround the central arteriole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001962 gut-associated lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001961 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in digestive tract. includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001963 bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A diffuse collection of lymphpoid cells that participate in airway immune responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001965 substantia nigra pars compacta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of a densely packed region of cells, more or less dorsal to the pars reticulata, but extending into the pars reticulata in some species. The dominant neurotransmitter used by pars compacta neurons is dopamine. Pars compacta neurons are pigmented in many species (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001966 substantia nigra pars reticulata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Regional part of substantia nigra consisting of loosely packed cells, generally located ventral and lateral to the pars compacta. Many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001968 semen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Organism substance that is composed of sperm cells suspended in seminal fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001969 blood plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000179 haemolymphatic fluid The liquid component of blood, in which erythrocytes are suspended. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001970 bile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Vital aqueous secretion of the liver that is formed by hepatocytes and modified down stream by absorptive and secretory properties of the bile duct epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001972 submucosa of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018257 submucosa of digestive tract A submucosa that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001974 lamina propria of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000030 lamina propria A lamina propria that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001975 serosa of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane A serous membrane that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001976 epithelium of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium The epithelial layer that lines the luminal space of the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001979 venule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410081 blood microvessel One of the minute vessels that collect deoxygenated blood from the capillary plexuses returns it to the veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001980 arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410081 blood microvessel The smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A vessel through which blood circulates in the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001983 crypt of Lieberkuhn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000333 intestinal gland The tubular intestinal glands found in the mucosal membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001984 crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001983 crypt of Lieberkuhn A crypt of Lieberkühn that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001985 corneal endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium A monolayer of specialized, flattened, mitochondria-rich cells that lines the posterior surface of the cornea and faces the anterior chamber of the eye[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988 feces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000174 excreta Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus[MW,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001989 superior cervical ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001991 cervical ganglion Trunk ganglion which is bilaterally paired and located at the anterior end of the sympathetic ganglion chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001990 middle cervical ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001991 cervical ganglion The small ganglion located at the level of the cricoid cartilage of the laryngeal wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001991 cervical ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001807 paravertebral ganglion The cervical ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. They consist of three paravertebral ganglia: superior cervical ganglion middle cervical ganglion inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001992 papillary layer of dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The upper layer of the dermis beneath the epidermis, composed of dense irregular connective tissue[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001993 reticular layer of dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The thicker, deeper layer of the dermis, comprised of criss-crossing collagen fibers that form a strong elastic network and also containing blood and lymph vessels, nerves and nerve endings, and hair follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001994 hyaline cartilage tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002418 cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue primarily composed of type II collagen (thin fibrils) and a glassy appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001995 fibrocartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002418 cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue intermediate between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue; contains of abundant collagen fibers; chondrocytes often arranged in columns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001996 elastic cartilage tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011589 non-mineralized cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue that is flexible and contains abundant elastic fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001997 olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010499 pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium A sensory epithelium inside the nasal cavity that is responsible for detecting odors[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001998 sternocostal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint Arthrodial joints, with the exception of the first, in which the cartilage is directly united with the sternum, and which is, therefore, a synarthrodial articulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002001 joint of rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint Any joint that connects a rib to another structure (or another rib). Examples: costochondral, costovertebral, interchondral, sternocostal joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002005 enteric nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002006 cortex of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001851 cortex Peripheral portion of the lymph node, underneath the capsule[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002007 medulla of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000958 medulla of organ The medullary portion of the lymph node, which contains large blood vessels, sinuses and medullary cords that contain antibody-secreting plasma cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002008 cardiac nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001816 autonomic nerve plexus A plexus of nerves situated at the base of the heart that innervate the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002011 thoracodorsal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The thoracodorsal artery is a branch of the subscapular artery. It travels inferiorly with the thoracodorsal nerve and supplies the latissimus dorsi. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002015 kidney capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011824 fibrous connective tissue The tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney which is covered in a thick layer of perirenal adipose tissue that functions to provide some protection from trauma and damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002017 portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that conducts blood from the digestive organs, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder to the liver[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002018 synovial membrane of synovial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium Soft tissue that lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities (synovial joints). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A nervous system structure composed primarily of nerve cell bodies (somas). May also include dendrites and the initial unmyelinated portion of axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002025 stratum basale of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The deepest layer of the epidermis, which is composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002026 stratum spinosum of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The layer of polyhedral cells in the epidermis found between the stratum granulosum and stratum basale; shrinkage and adhesion of these cells gives a spiny or prickly appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002027 stratum corneum of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinized non-nucleated cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002028 hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The most posterior of the three principal regions of the brain. In mammals and birds the hindbrain is divided into a rostral metencephalon and a caudal myelencephalon. In zebrafish, with the exception of the cerebellum, the ventral remainder of the metencephalon can be separated only arbitrarily from the more caudal myelencephalic portion of the medulla oblongata (From: Neuroanatomy of the Zebrafish Brain)[ZFA]. Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the pons, cerebellum and medulla oblongata[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002029 epithelium of gall bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034932 epithelium of biliary system The simple columnar epithelial lining of the gall bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002031 epithelium of bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008397 tracheobronchial epithelium An epithelium that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002032 areola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone Subdivision of breast which consists of skin, connective tissue and smooth muscle bundle and modified sebaceous glands and which surrounds the nipple. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002033 arrector muscle of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A tiny smooth muscle that connects the hair follicle with the dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002034 suprachiasmatic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007251 preoptic nucleus * An ovoid densely packed collection of small cells of the anterior hypothalamus lying close to the midline in a shallow impression of the optic chiasm. (MSH) * small group of nerve cell bodies in the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus, just above the optic chiasm; influences rhythmic aspects of hypothalamic functions in many vertebrate species. (CSP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002036 striated muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue Muscle tissue that contains fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002038 substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Predominantly gray matter midbrain structure lying dorsal to the crus cerebri and ventral to the midbrain tegmentum. It is divided into a dorsal, cellularly compact region known as the pars compacta and a more ventrally located, containing more loosely packed cells, the pars reticulata. The most lateral region of the reticulata is identified as the pars lateralis (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002040 bronchial artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery A systemic artery that supplies the lung with with oxygenated blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002042 lymphatic vessel endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium An endothelium that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002047 pontine raphe nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus The pontine raphe nucleus is one of the raphe nuclei. It is located in the pontine tegmentum. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster An interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism[ZFA]. Examples: vasculature of lung, vasculature of face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is part of an embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002051 epithelium of bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008397 tracheobronchial epithelium An epithelium that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002052 adrenal gland capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The thick capsule of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds each adrenal gland and contains scattered elastic fibers; the capsule contains a rich plexus of blood vessels (mainly small arteries) and numerous nerve fibers; some blood vessels and nerves enter the substance of the gland in the trabeculae that extend inward from the capsule and then leave the trabeculae to enter the cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002053 zona glomerulosa of adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009753 adrenal gland cortex zone The narrow subcapsular outer zone of the adrenal cortex where aldosterone is produced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002054 zona fasciculata of adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009753 adrenal gland cortex zone The wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol (hydrocortisone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002055 zona reticularis of adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009753 adrenal gland cortex zone The inner zone of the adrenal cortex that produces the enzymes that convert pregnenolone, a 21-carbon steroid, to 19-carbon steroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002056 inferior suprarenal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005624 suprarenal artery Each renal artery gives off some small inferior suprarenal branches to the suprarenal gland, the ureter, and the surrounding cellular tissue and muscles. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002057 phrenic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery An artery that supplies the diaphragm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002058 main ciliary ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001714 cranial ganglion A parasympathetic ganglion located in the posterior orbit that contains preganglionic nerves and postganglionic neurons of the oculomotor nerve, connects to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus via the oculomotor nerve and the eye muscles via the short ciliary nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002059 submandibular ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion The ganglion associated with the lingual nerve that provides postsynaptic fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002060 femoral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The femoral artery is a large artery in the muscles of the thigh. It is a continuation of external iliac artery where it enters the femoral triangle at the mid inguinal point behind the inguinal ligament. It leaves femoral triangle through apex beneath the sartorius muscle. It enters the popliteal fossa by passing through the 5th osseo-aponeurotic(adductor hiatus) opening of adductor magnus where it becomes the Popliteal Artery. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002061 truncus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003498 heart blood vessel The truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis are divided by the aorticopulmonary septum. The truncus arteriosus gives rise to the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk. The bulbus cordis gives rise to the smooth parts (outflow tract) of the left and right ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002062 endocardial cushion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves[GO]. Swellings of tissue present between the endocardial and myocardial cell layers that will give rise to the interstitial cells of the cardiac valves[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002063 sinus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004151 cardiac chamber The sinus venosus is a large cardiac chamber at the inflow tract that receives venous blood from systemic circulation. precedes the atrium on the venous side of the chordate heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002064 common cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004344 cardinal vein Either of a pair of large transverse venous sinuses that conduct blood from the cardinal veins to the sinus venosus of the vertebrate embryo[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002065 posterior cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004344 cardinal vein One of two paired cardinal veins that return blood from the body of the embryo[Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002066 umbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010260 umbilical blood vessel The umbilical vein is a blood vessel present during fetal development that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the growing fetus. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002069 stratum granulosum of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The layer of flattened cells containing basophilic granules of keratohyalin and lying just above the stratum spinosum (spiny layer) of the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002071 stratum lucidum of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The layer of lightly staining corneocytes found between the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers; found primarily in the thick epidermis of the palmar and plantar skin and is composed of three to five layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002072 hypodermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer Lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Types of cells that are found in the hypodermis are fibroblasts, adipose cells, and macrophages. It is derived from the mesoderm, but unlike the dermis, it is not derived from the dermatome region of the mesoderm. The hypodermis is used mainly for fat storage[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002073 hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036150 skin appendage follicle A tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002074 hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The main part of the hair which is composed of trichocytes and is divided into the cortex and medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002075 viscus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element An organ that is located within the body cavity (or in its extension, in the scrotum); it consists of organ parts that are embryologically derived from endoderm, splanchnic mesoderm or intermediate mesoderm; together with other organs, the viscus constitutes the respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive and immune systems, or is the central organ of the cardiovascular system. Examples: heart, lung, esophagus, kidney, ovary, spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002076 cuticle of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Smooth and glossy outer protective cell layer of hair shaft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002077 cortex of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A cortex that is part of a hair [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002078 right cardiac atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035554 right cardiac chamber A cardiac atrium that is in the right side of the heart. It receives deoxygenated blood. In mammals, this comes from the superior and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus, and pumps it into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002079 left cardiac atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035553 left cardiac chamber A cardiac atrium that is in the left side of the heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins, In mammals this is pumped into the left ventricle, via the Mitral valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002080 heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035554 right cardiac chamber A cardiac ventricle that is in the right side of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002081 cardiac atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004151 cardiac chamber Cardiac chamber in which blood enters the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002082 cardiac ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004151 cardiac chamber Cardiac chamber through which blood leaves the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002083 ductus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The vascular channel in the fetus passing through the liver and joining the umbilical vein with the inferior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002084 heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035553 left cardiac chamber A cardiac ventricle that is in the left side of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002085 interatrial septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002099 cardiac septum A cardiac septum that divides the left and right atria of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002086 sinoatrial valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A valve at the opening of the sinus venosus into the primordial atrium[TFD,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002087 atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle[ZFA]. In the developing heart, the constriction between the atrium and ventricle constitutes the atrial canal, and indicates the site of the future atrioventricular valves[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002089 thoracodorsal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein Companion vein of the thoracodorsal artery, draining the apical part of the latissimus dorsi and merging with the circumflex scapular vein to form a subscapular vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002090 postcranial axial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton The postcranial subdivision of skeleton structural components forming the long axis of the vertebrate body; in Danio, consisting of the notochord, vertebrae, ribs, supraneurals, intermuscular bones, and unpaired median fins; in human consists of the bones of the vertebral column, the thoracic cage and the pelvis[ZFA+FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002091 appendicular skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Subdivision of skeleton which which consists of all the skeletal elements in in the pectoral and pelvic appendage complexes[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002092 brain dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003547 brain meninx The fibrous membrane forming the outer of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity; consists of two layers including the periosteal layer and the meningeal layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002093 spinal dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002363 dura mater A dura mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002094 interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002099 cardiac septum Cardiac septum which separates the right ventricle from the left ventricle.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane Anatomical organ component composed of a double layer of serous membrane that suspends a viscus from the body wall or connects adjacent viscera and in doing so conveys blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves to and from the viscera. Examples: greater omentum, broad ligament of uterus, sigmoid mesocolon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002097 skin of body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The organ covering the body that consists of the dermis and epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002098 apex of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006983 anatomical point The apex of the heart is the lowest superficial part of the heart. It is directed downward, forward, and to the left, and is overlapped by the left lung and pleura. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002099 cardiac septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The thin membranous structure between the two heart atria or the thick muscular structure between the two heart ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002100 trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the cervical region (or head, when cervical region not present) and anterior to the caudal region. Includes the sacrum when present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002102 forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004710 pectoral appendage A (free) limb that is connected to a pectoral girdle. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002103 hindlimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004709 pelvic appendage A (free) limb that is connected to a pelvic girdle region. The extent of this structure includes autopod, stylopod and zeugopod regions when present, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002104 visual system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system The sensory system subserving the sense of vision. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002105 vestibulo-auditory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system Sensory system responsible for the perception of spatial orientation and auditory stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002109 pair of nares http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection Pair of nostrils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002111 artery smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004695 arterial system smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an artery [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002112 smooth muscle of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002118 right ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An ovary that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002119 left ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An ovary that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002120 pronephros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensible for larval life[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002122 capsule of thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003893 capsule The fibrous connective tissue surrounding the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002123 cortex of thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001851 cortex The outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002124 medulla of thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000958 medulla of organ Medullary portion of thymus. The reticulum is coarser than in the cortex, the lymphoid cells are relatively fewer in number, and there are found peculiar nest-like bodies, the concentric corpuscles of Hassall. These concentric corpuscles are composed of a central mass, consisting of one or more granular cells, and of a capsule formed of epithelioid cells. They are the remains of the epithelial tubes, which grow out from the third branchial pouches of the embryo to form the thymus. Each follicle is surrounded by a vascular plexus, from which vessels pass into the interior, and radiate from the periphery toward the center, forming a second zone just within the margin of the medullary portion. In the center of the medullary portion there are very few vessels, and they are of minute size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002125 thymus lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009911 lobule A lobule that is part of a thymus. Divided into an outer cortex and inner medulla and separated from each other by connective tissue septa, but with the medullary tissue continuous from lobule to lobule.[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002127 inferior olivary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain Largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. It is closely associated with the cerebellum, but its specific function is voluntary body movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002128 superior olivary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain A collection of brainstem nuclei that functions in multiple aspects of hearing and is an important component of the ascending and descending auditory pathways of the auditory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002129 cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain The superficial gray matter of the cerebellum. It consists of three main layers, the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer and the granule cell layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002130 cerebellar nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain The gray matter nuclei located in the center of the cerebellum, embedded in the white matter, which receive inhibitory (GABAergic) inputs from Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex and excitatory (glutamatergic) inputs from mossy fiber pathways; all output fibers of the cerebellum originate from the these nuclei[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002131 anterior lobe of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005293 cerebellum lobe The region of the cerebellum that is anterior to the primary fissure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002132 dentate nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008995 nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex The largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002133 atrioventricular valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000946 cardiac valve A cardial valve in the atrioventricular region that separates the atrium from the ventricle and prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria during systole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002139 subcommissural organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010134 secretory circumventricular organ The subcommissural organ is a circumventricular organ consisting of ependymal and hypendymal cells which secrete SCO-spondin[WP,partially vetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002148 locus ceruleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic[GO]. Bluish region in the superior angle of the fourth ventricle floor, corresponding to melanin-like pigmented nerve cells which lie lateral to the ponto-mesencephalic central gray (griseum centrale). It is also known as nucleus pigmentosus pontis[GAID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002149 superior salivatory nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata Nucleus containing parasympathetic neurons giving rise to the parasympathetic division of the facial nerve, innervating the salivary glands (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 703). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002150 superior cerebellar peduncle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007416 cerebellar peduncle A composite structure of the brain stem, which in NeuroNames is subdivided into the superior cerebellar peduncle of pons, the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle and the superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002151 pontine nuclear group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus Nuclei in the basal pons, intermingled among the descending axons from the cortex, that receive neocrotcial input and give rise to many axons that cross the midline to enter the contralateral cerebellum (Butler and Hodos, Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy, 2nd ed., 2005, pg 135). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002152 middle cerebellar peduncle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019292 white matter of pons Regional part of medullary white matter (according to Neuronames) primarily found at the level of the pons, consisting of a very large bundle of fibers originating in the pontine nuclei projecting to the cerebellum (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002153 fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008995 nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex The most medial of the cerebellar nuclei; it receives its afferent input from Purkinje cells of the flocculonodular lobe and the vermis, and most of its efferent connections travel via the inferior cerebellar peduncle to the vestibular nuclei and to the medullary reticular formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002156 nucleus raphe magnus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata The nucleus raphe magnus, located directly rostral to the raphe obscurus, is afferently stimulated from axons in the spinal cord and cerebellum. This makes the magnus a likely candidate for part of the motor system; however, it seems to participate in the endogenous analgesia system. The magnus receives descending afferents from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, parvocellular reticular nucleus and the prelimbic, infralimbic, medial and lateral precentral cortices . All of these brain areas influence the main function of the raphe magnus. The main function of the magnus is mostly pain mediation; in fact it sends projections to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to directly inhibit pain. The periaquiductal gray, the epicenter of analgesia, sends efferent connections to the nucleus raphe magnus in when it is stimulated by opiates (endogenous or otherwise). Electrical stimulation of the PAG produces analgesia, as well as administration of morphine to the PAG or n.r. magnus. The antinociceptic effects of electrical stimulation of the PAG can be blocked by administering naloxone, an opiate antagonist, to the n.r. magnus. All of this seems to indicate that the magnus is part of the endogenous opiate system, and acts to inhibit pain in the spinal cord. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002157 nucleus raphe pallidus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata The nucleus raphe pallidus receives afferent connections from the periaqueductal gray, the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Also, the pallidus receives afferents from the medial preoptic area, median preoptic nucleus and lateral paragigantocellular reticular nuclei . The pallidus has recently been shown to be involved in the activation of a fever as an immunoreaction. It has been implied that the preoptic area is constantly inhibiting the raphe pallidus, especially the rostral portion, with GABA. When the preoptic area receives immune signals from the body, the inhibition stops and the rostral portion of the raphe pallidus excites the intermediolateral cell column, which induces a fever . The raphe pallidus has also been known to mediate the tachycardia response, an extremely high heart rate known to be incited by emotional or psychological stress. Microinjections of a GABA-a antagonist into the raphe pallidus, induces an increased heart rate. Conversely, microinjections of muscimol, a GABA-a agonist, inhibit tachycardia in rats under air-stress stimuli. In both of these cases, GABA is mediating two different sympathetic responses, so clearly the nucleus raphe pallidus is a far more a complex nucleus than previously thought. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002162 area postrema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010135 sensory circumventricular organ A small, rounded eminence on each side of the fourth ventricle, which receives nerve fibers from the solitary nucleus , spinal cord, and adjacent areas of the medulla. The area postrema lies outside the blood-brain barrier and its functions include acting as an emetic chemoreceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002163 inferior cerebellar peduncle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014649 white matter of medulla oblongata Regional part of medullary white matter (according to Neuronames) primarily found at the level of the open medulla, consisting of a large bundle of fibers projecting to and projecting from the cerebellum. The icp is continuous with the dorsal spinocerebellar tract and also contains a large number of fibers originating in the inferior olivary complex (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002166 endocardium of atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002165 endocardium Endocardium that is part of the atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002167 right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 lung Lung which consists of the right upper lobe, middle lobe and right lower lobe.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002168 left lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 lung Lung which consists of the left upper lobe and left lower lobe.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002169 alveolar sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007499 epithelial sac The small terminal dilation of the alveolar ducts around which the alveoli form pocket-like clusters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002170 upper lobe of right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008948 upper lobe of lung The lobe of the right lung that is closest to the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002171 lower lobe of right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008949 lower lobe of lung The lobe of the right lung that is furtherst from the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002173 pulmonary alveolar duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000117 respiratory tube The respiratory conducting tubes distal to the respiratory bronchiole that lead to the alveolar sacs and the alveoli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002174 middle lobe of right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008955 middle lobe of lung In the human, the right lung is divided into three lobes (as opposed to two lobes on the left), superior, middle, and inferior, by two interlobular fissures: [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002177 right main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002182 main bronchus The main bronchus on the right side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002178 left main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002182 main bronchus The main bronchus on the left side. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002179 lateral funiculus of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006127 funiculus of spinal cord The lateral mass of fibers on either side of the spinal cord, between the anterolateral and posterolateral sulci. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002180 ventral funiculus of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The white substance of the spinal cord lying on either side between the ventral median fissure and the ventral roots of the spinal nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002183 lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035767 intrapulmonary bronchus The lobar bronchus is the major airway within the respiratory tree that starts by division of the principal bronchi on both sides and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002184 segmental bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035767 intrapulmonary bronchus The tertiary bronchi (also known as the segmental bronchi) arise from the secondary bronchi. The respiratory epithelium lining their lumen is surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle. This layer is composed of two ribbons of smooth muscle that spiral in opposite directions. The smooth muscle layer is surrounded by irregular plates of hyaline cartilage which help maintain the patency of the airway. Each of the tertiary bronchi serves a specific bronchopulmonary segment. There are 10 tertiary bronchi in the right lung, and eight in the left. The tertiary bronchi get smaller and divide into primary bronchioles. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002186 bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000117 respiratory tube The conducting airway of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi; these structures contain neither cartilage nor mucous-secreting glands; the epithelium of the bronchioles becomes thinner with each branching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002187 terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002186 bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a secondary pulmonary lobule and the last conducting structure of a non-respiratory bronchiole; after this point, the airways have alveoli in their walls. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002188 respiratory bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002186 bronchiole A bronchiole that is the first segment of the respiratory zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002190 subcutaneous adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A portion of adipose tissue that is part of the hypodermis, beneath the dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002191 subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Part of the hippocampal formation that is bounded by the entorhinal cortex and area CA1. It is characterized on the CA1 border by an abrupt widening of the pyramidal cell layer. A molecular layer is present that is continuous with that of CA1, although the stratum radiatum is no longer present. The stratum oriens is also not present. adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 468). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002193 hemolymphoid system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical cluster consisting of the hematopoietic system and the lymphoid system, or its analogs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002194 capsule of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003893 capsule Capsule surrounding lymph node composed of connective tissue with some plain muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002195 trabecula of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000440 trabecula Membranous process coming from capsule of lymph node[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002196 adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The glandular, anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary regulates several physiological processes including stress, growth, and reproduction[WP]. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis (pituitary gland). This lobe contains cells that produce prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and proopiomelanocortin[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002197 median eminence of neurohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010134 secretory circumventricular organ Elevation on the ventral surface of the brain located at the zone of attachment between the hypothalamic floor and the hypophysis (Butler and Hodos, Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy, 2nd ed., 2005, pg. 446). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002199 integument http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The dermis, epidermis and hypodermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002200 vasculature of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature Vasculature that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002201 vasculature of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vasculature that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002202 submucosa of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004777 respiratory system submucosa A submucosa that is part of a trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002203 vasculature of eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ Vasculature that is part of the eye region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002205 manubrium of sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element The cranial most segment of the sternum. Located ventrally with a quadrangular shape, wider superiorly and narrower inferiorly, it articulates with the clavicles and the first two ribs[MP,WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002206 mammillary body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure One of two hemispherical bulges on the base of the posterior hypothalamus (Butler and Hodos, Comparative Vertebrate Neuroanatomy, 2nd ed., 2005, pg 455). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002207 xiphoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection A cartilaginous extension to the distal part of the sternum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002208 sternebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003827 thoracic segment bone One of the bony segments of the sternum[TFD]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002209 fibrous joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011134 nonsynovial joint Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002210 syndesmosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002213 cartilaginous joint Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the vertebral column and the limbs as well as articulating ossicles, are connected by skeletal ligaments or membranes. Examples: Intervertebral syndesmosis, inferior tibiofibular joint.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002211 nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000122 neuron projection bundle A continuation of the neuron projection bundle component of a nerve inside, crossing or immediately outside the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002212 macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000054 macula The oval neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the anterior wall of the saccule; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002213 cartilaginous joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011134 nonsynovial joint Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002214 macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000054 macula The neuroepithelial sensory receptor in the inferolateral wall of the utricle; hair cells of the neuroepithelium support the statoconial membrane and have terminal arborizations of vestibular nerve fibers around their bodies; normally sensitive to linear acceleration in the longitudinal axis of the body and to gravitational influences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002215 synchondrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002213 cartilaginous joint Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by hyaline cartilage. Examples: spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002216 symphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002213 cartilaginous joint Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage. Examples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral symphysis, manubriosternal joint.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: Temporomandibular joint, knee joint.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002218 tympanic ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003457 head bone A C-shaped membranous bone that provides physical support to the tympanic membrane. The tympanic ring develops sequentially from an initial primordium in the first branchial arch growing in a circumferential fashion around the first pharyngeal cleft into the second branchial arch (Mallo and Gridley, 1996). In most mammals, the tympanic ring exists only during embryonic life, when it coordinates proper development and positioning of the eardrum (see below), and then becomes integrated into the temporal bone[PMID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002221 fontanelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture Anatomical structure that is a membranous gap between bones of the skull[TAO]. In humans: Fontanelles are soft spots on a baby's head which, during birth, enable the bony plates of the skull to flex, allowing the child's head to pass through the birth canal. The ossification of the bones of the skull cause the fontanelles to close over by a child's second birthday. The closures eventually form the sutures of the neurocranium. Although there are the two anterior and posterior fontanelles, there are two more fontanelles of interest, the mastoid fontanelle, and the sphenoidal fontanelle[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002222 perichondrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue Fibrous connective tissue that surrounds cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002223 endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007499 epithelial sac From the posterior wall of the saccule a canal, the ductus endolymphaticus, is given off; this duct is joined by the ductus utriculosaccularis, and then passes along the aquaeductus vestibuli and ends in a blind pouch, the endolymphatic sac, on the posterior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, where it is in contact with the dura mater. Studies suggest that the endolymphatic duct and endolymphatic sac perform both absorptive and secretory, as well as phagocytic and immunodefensive,functions . [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002224 thoracic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The part of the coelemic cavity lumen that is enclosed by the walls of the thorax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002226 basilar membrane of cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane A stiff structural element that separates two liquid-filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, the scala media and the scala tympani[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002227 spiral organ of cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The organ of Corti (or spiral organ) is the organ in the inner ear of mammals that contains auditory sensory cells, or 'hair cells.' [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002228 rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015019 rib endochondral element An intersegmental rod-shaped bone that forms in the peritoneal membrane and attach to the vertebral parapophyses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002229 interparietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone The bone of the cranium that lies above and anterior to the occipital bone in some mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002230 head of rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The head of the rib is the end of a rib closest to the vertebral column, with which it articulates with. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002232 olfactory gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012278 gland of nasal mucosa Bowman's glands (aka olfactory glands, glands of Bowman) are situated in the olfactory mucosa, beneath the olfactory epithelium, in the lamina propria, a connective tissue also containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons. The structure of the Bowman's glands consists of an acinus in the lamina propria and a secretory duct going out through the olfactory epithelium. Electron microscopy studies show that Bowman's glands contain cells with large secretory vesicles. Bowman's glands might secrete proteins such as Lysozyme, amylase and IgA similarly to serous glands. The exact composition of the secretions from Bowman's glands is unclear, but there is evidence that Bowman's glands do not produce odorant binding protein[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002233 tectorial membrane of cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane The overlaying membrane of the cochlear duct, an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells; sound induces movement of these hair cells relative to the tectorial membrane, deflects the stereocilia, and leads to fluctuations in hair cell membrane potential, transducing sound into electrical signals[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002234 proximal phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx A proximal phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002236 costal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element The nonvascular, resilient, flexible hyaline connective tissue that connects the end of a true rib to the sternum or the end of a false rib with the with the lower border of the costal cartilage above it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002237 true rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002228 rib A rib that is ventrally connected to the sternum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002241 chondrocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011159 primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system Endoskeletal elements that encase the brain, nose, inner ear[cjm]. that part of the neurocranium formed by endochondral ossification and comprising the bones of the base of the skull[TFD]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002242 nucleus pulposus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The jelly-like substance in the middle of the spinal disc which is a remnant of the notochord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002244 premaxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011597 bone of upper jaw One of the bones of the upper jaw situated between and in front of the maxillae[VHOG]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002245 cerebellar hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A paired regions of the cerebellum that lie outside and lateral to the central vermis[MP]. The cerebellum consists of three parts, a median and two lateral, which are continuous with each other, and are substantially the same in structure. The median portion is constricted, and is called the vermis, from its annulated appearance which it owes to the transverse ridges and furrows upon it; the lateral expanded portions are named the hemispheres. The lateral hemisphere is considered the portion of the cerebellum to develop most recently. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002247 uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Either one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body where the uterus and the uterine tubes meet; uterine horns are anterior Mullerian duct-derived structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002254 thyroglossal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006590 remnant of embryonic structure An embryological anatomical structure that forms an open connection between the initial area of development of the thyroid gland and its final position; it is located exactly midline, between the anterior 2/3rds and posterior 1/3rd of the tongue; this duct normally atrophies and closes off as the foramen cecum before birth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002255 vomeronasal organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An organ thought to supplement the olfactory system in receiving pheromonic communication. The sensory part of the organ is in two long, thin sacs, situated on either side of the nasal septum at its base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002256 dorsal horn of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column The pronounced, dorsolaterally oriented ridge of grey matter in each lateral half of the spinal cord[MP]. the dorsal (more towards the back) grey matter of the spinal cord. It receives several types of sensory information from the body, including light touch, proprioception, and vibration. This information is sent from receptors of the skin, bones, and joints through sensory neurons whose cell bodies lie in the dorsal root ganglion[WP]. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002257 ventral horn of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column The ventral grey column of the spinal cord[MP]. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002258 dorsal funiculus of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The white substance of the spinal cord lying on either side between the posterior median sulcus and the dorsal root. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002259 corpora quadrigemina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Either of the two pairs of colliculi on the dorsal surface of the midbrain composed of white matter externally and gray matter within, the superior pair containing correlation centers for optic reflexes and the inferior pair containing correlation centers for auditory reflexes[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002260 ventral root of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009623 spinal nerve root The ventral roots contain efferent motor axons. Similar to the dorsal roots, the ventral roots continue out from the spinal column, and meet and mix with their corresponding dorsal nerve root at a point after the ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002261 dorsal root of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009623 spinal nerve root The dorsal roots contain afferent sensory axons. The dorsal roots of each side continue outwards, along the way forming a dorsal root ganglion (also called a spinal ganglion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002263 lentiform nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus The lentiform nucleus or lenticular nucleus comprises the putamen and the globus pallidus within the basal ganglia. It is a large, cone-shaped mass of gray matter just lateral to the internal capsule. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002264 olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A bulbous anterior projection of the olfactory lobe that is the place of termination of the olfactory nerves and is especially well developed in lower vertebrates (as fishes)[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002265 olfactory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to other parts of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002268 olfactory organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ An organ that houses olfactory neurons and is responsible for the sense of smell. Examples include the vertebrate nose and the Drosophila dorsal organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002270 hyaloid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005492 hyaloid vessel An artery that is part of the optic stalk of the eye and extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002275 reticular formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A composite substructure of the brainstem that consists of the midbrain reticular formation, the pontine reticular formation and the medullary reticular formation ( Carpenter-1983 ). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002276 lamina of spiral limbus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The osseous spiral lamina consists of two plates of bone, and between these are the canals for the transmission of the filaments of the acoustic nerve. On the upper plate of that part of the lamina which is outside the vestibular membrane, the periosteum is thickened to form the limbus spiralis (or limbus laminæ spiralis), this ends externally in a concavity, the sulcus spiralis internus, which represents, on section, the form of the letter C. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002278 perilymphatic space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The fluid-filled space separating the membranous from the osseous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002280 otolith http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Acellular structure composed of calcium carbonate located in the otolith organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002281 vestibular membrane of cochlear duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A membrane inside the cochlea of the inner ear. It separates scala media from scala vestibuli. Together with the basilar membrane it creates a compartment in the cochlea filled with endolymph, which is important for the function of the organ of Corti. It primarily functions as a diffusion barrier, allowing nutrients to travel from the perilymph to the endolymph of the membranous labyrinth. Histologically, the membrane is composed of two layers of flattened epithelium, separated by a basal lamina. Its structure suggests that its function is transport of fluid and electrolytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002282 stria vascularis of cochlear duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The upper portion of the spiral ligament contains numerous capillary loops and small blood vessels, and is termed the stria vascularis. It produces endolymph for the scala media, one of the three fluid-filled compartments of the cochlea. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002283 nail matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Portion of tissue (or germinal matrix) upon which the nail rests, the part of the nail bed that extends beneath the nail root and contains nerves, lymph and blood vessels. The matrix is responsible for the production of the cells that become the nail plate. The width and thickness of the nail plate is determined by the size, length, and thickness of the matrix, while the shape of the fingertip itself determines if the nail plate is flat, arched, or hooked. The matrix will continue to grow as long as it receives nutrition and remains in a healthy condition. As new nail plate cells are incubated, they emerge from the matrix round and white to push older nail plate cells forward; and in this way yet older cells become compressed, flat, and translucent, making the pink colour of the capillaries in the nail bed below visible[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002288 choroid plexus of third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001886 choroid plexus Part of choroid plexus contained in the third ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002289 midbrain cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004086 brain ventricle Part of ventricular system of brain consisting of a narrow channel in the midbrain connecting the third and fourth ventricles. (Maryann Martone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002290 choroid plexus of fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006694 cerebellum vasculature Choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002291 central canal of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002292 costovertebral joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint The costovertebral joints are the articulations that connect the heads of the ribs with the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae. Joining of ribs to the vertebrae occurs at two places, the head and the tubercle of the rib. Two convex facets from the head attach to two adjacent vertebrae. This forms a trochoid joint, which is strengthened by the ligament of the head and the intercapital ligament. Articulation of the tubercle is to the transverse process of the adjacent vertebrae. This articulation is reinforced by the dorsal costotransverse ligament. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002294 biliary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision Organ system subdivision that consists of the organs and ducts that are involved in the production and transportation of bile. In most species this is the gallbladder and the bile ducts (biliary tree). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002295 scala media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull The division of the spiral canal of the cochlea that contains the organ of Corti (the neuroepithelial receptor organ for hearing). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002296 dorsal mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The mesentery that originates from the dorsal side of the peritoneal cavity[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002297 cerumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001089 sweat The yellow or brown waxy secretions produced by vestigial apocrine sweat glands in the external ear canal[MESH]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002299 alveolus of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Spherical outcropping of the respiratory bronchioles and primary site of gas exchange with the blood. Alveoli are particular to mammalian lungs. Different structures are involved in gas exchange in other vertebrates[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002301 layer of neocortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8440004 laminar subdivision of the cortex One of the layers of the neocortex. These layers are defined by distinctive populations of cells based on somata size, shape, or density, that are aligned into sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002302 myocardium of atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002349 myocardium The atrial part of middle layer of the heart, comprised of involuntary muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002303 juxtaglomerular apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO]. a microscopic structure in the kidney, which regulates the function of each nephron. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is named for its proximity to the glomerulus: it is found between the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle and the returning distal convoluted tubule of the same nephron. This location is critical to its function in regulating renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. The three cellular components of the apparatus are the macula densa, extraglomerular mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells (also known as granular cells)[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002304 layer of dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer One of the three layers of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016548 central nervous system gray matter layer The layers of the laminar structure of the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002307 choroid plexus of lateral ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001886 choroid plexus Part of choroid plexus contained in the lateral ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000125 neural nucleus A neural nucleus that is part of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002310 hippocampus fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster Regional part of fornix consisting of a prominent white matter structure adjacent to the hippocampus on the ventricular side continuous with the alveus. Near the splenium the fimbria separates from the hippocampus as the crus of the fornix. [adapted from Wikipedia] (MM: 2006-10-26). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002313 hippocampus pyramidal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus A cytoarchitectural term denoting the layer of the hippocampus in which pyramidal cells are predominant. Its location is superficial to the Stratum oriens; it is deep to the Stratum radiatum in area CA1 and area CA2 and deep to the Stratum lucidum in area CA3 (Stephan-75) (NeuroNames). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002314 midbrain tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Dorsal part of the midbrain, consisting of the superior and inferior colliculi and the pretectal nuclei (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002315 gray matter of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter The ridge-shaped grey matter of the spinal cord that extends longitudunally through the center of each half of the spinal cord, and are largely or entirely composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002316 white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster Neural tissue consisting of myelinated axons connecting grey matter areas of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002317 white matter of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002316 white matter Regional part of cerebellum consisting of the myelinated axons lying deep to the granule cell layer, excluding the deep cerebellar nuclei and the cerebellar peduncles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002318 white matter of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002316 white matter The regions of the spinal cord that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002319 mesangium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The inner layer of the glomerulus, within the basement membrane surrounding the glomerular capillaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002320 glomerular mesangium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A thin membrane which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. It is connective tissue composed of mesangial cells - myofibroblasts phenotypically related to vascular smooth muscle cells (muscle, smooth, vascular), phagocytes and the mesangial extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002321 extraglomerular mesangium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The tissue comprised of mesangial cells that fill the triangular space between the macula densa and the afferent and efferent arterioles of the juxtaglomerular apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002323 coelemic cavity lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The cavity within the body of all animals higher than the coelenterates and certain primitive worms, formed by the splitting of the embryonic mesoderm into two layers. In mammals it forms the peritoneal, pleural, and pericardial cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002324 muscle of back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005174 dorsal region element Any muscle organ that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002325 epithelium of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. The epithelium is the tubular, planar layer of cells through which the urine passes.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002326 lamina propria of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A lamina propria that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002328 notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A flexible rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It is composed of cells derived from the mesoderm and defines the primitive axis of the embryo. In some chordates, it persists throughout life as the main axial support of the body, while in most vertebrates it becomes the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc. The notochord is found ventral to the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002329 somite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007503 epithelial vesicle Somites are spheres of epithelial cells that form sequentially along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo through mesenchymal to epithelial transition of the presomitic mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002331 umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure The connecting cord from the developing embryo to the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002333 pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An arterial trunk which is continuous with the heart and branches into the pulmonary arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002334 submandibular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001837 duct of salivary gland The duct of the submadibular gland that opens at the sublingual papilla near the frenulum of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002335 macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004211 nephron epithelium The macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002337 endometrial stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The layer of connective tissue comprised of the endometrial lining of the uterus which fluctuates in thickness throughout the menstrual cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002338 lamina propria of bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A lamina propria that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002339 epithelium of lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002031 epithelium of bronchus The tissue made up of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002340 epithelium of main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002031 epithelium of bronchus An epithelium that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002341 epithelium of segmental bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006934 sensory epithelium An epithelium that is part of a segmental bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002342 neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010316 germ layer / neural crest A specialized region of ectoderm found between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm and composed of highly migratory pluripotent cells that delaminate in early embryonic development from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to an astounding variety of differentiated cell types[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002343 abdomen musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004479 musculature of trunk Set of all muscles in abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002345 descending thoracic aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The part of the aorta that extends from the arch of the aorta to the diaphragm, and from which arises numerous branches that supply oxygenated blood to the chest cage and the organs within the chest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002346 neurectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Embryonic ectoderm that gives rise to nervous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015008 thoracic vertebra endochondral element A thoracic vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of a bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002350 conducting system of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010131 conducting tissue of heart The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002352 atrioventricular node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010131 conducting tissue of heart An area of conducting tissue between the atria and the ventricles of the heart that conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002353 bundle of His http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle A part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002354 cardiac Purkinje fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle The cardiac Purkinje fiber is part of the cardiac conduction system that receives signals from the bundle of His and innervates the ventricular cardiac muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002355 pelvic region of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The lower segment of the trunk, inferioposterior to the abdomen proper, in the transition area between the trunk and the lower limbs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002356 perineum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009569 subdivision of trunk Subdivision of trunk proper, which is demarcated from the pelvis by the inferior surface of the pelvic diaphragm and from the lower limbs by the perineofemoral lines; together with the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis, it constitutes the trunk[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002357 serous pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane Serous membrane which is divided into parietal and visceral serous pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002359 fibrous pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ Membrane organ which is attached to the pericardial sac proper and the central tendon of diaphragm and is continuous with the pretracheal fascia.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002360 meninx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Membrane organ that surrounds the brain and the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002361 pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000391 leptomeninx The innermost layer of the leptomeninges, consisting of a delicate membrane closely covering the surface of the brain and spinal cord,and lying under the arachnoid membrane. The pia, unlike the arachnoid, extends into the sulci in gyrencephalic animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002362 arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000391 leptomeninx A think avascular meningeal layer, between the pia mater and the dural mater. It is separated from the pia mater by the subarachnoid space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002363 dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002360 meninx Thick, fibrous meningeal covering surrounding the brain and spinal cord. It is the outermost of the three meningeal coverings. It consists of two layers: the periosteal dura linking the inner surface of the skull and the meningeal dura that lies above the arachnoid dural membrane. The meningeal layer draws away from the periosteal layer and certain locations to form the dural reflections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002365 exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland A gland that secretes products (excluding hormones and other chemical messengers) into ducts (duct glands) which lead directly into the external environment[WP]. Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver, pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002366 bulbo-urethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010186 male urethral gland Any of the small paired racemose glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch, and enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle; homologous to the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands in the female[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002374 metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element A bone that is part of the metacarpal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002375 cricoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001739 laryngeal cartilage A cartilaginous ring that provides support for the arytenoid cartilages and forms the caudal part of the larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002376 cranial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010959 craniocervical muscle Any skeletal muscle that is part of the head region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002377 muscle of neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010959 craniocervical muscle Any muscle that is part of the cervical (neck) region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002378 muscle of abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005172 abdomen element Muscle (organ) which is a part of the abdomen. Examples: external oblique, rectus abdominis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002379 perineal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001325 muscle of pelvis Any muscle organ that is part of a perineum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002380 trapezius muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A large superficial muscle that extends longitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae and laterally to the spine of the scapula (shoulder blade). Its functions are to move the scapulae and support the arm. The trapezius has three functional regions: the superior region (descending part), which supports the weight of the arm; the intermediate region (transverse part), which retracts the scapulae; and the inferior region (ascending part), which medially rotates and depresses the scapulae. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002392 nasolacrimal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002393 pharyngotympanic tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Organ with organ cavity which connects the cavity of the middle ear to the cavity of the pharynx. Examples: There are only two pharyngotympanic tubes, the right and the left pharyngotympanic tubes.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002395 talus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011679 proximal tarsal bone A proximal tarsal bone resulting from fusion of intermedium and fibulare. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002396 vomer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012071 palate bone The triangular flat bone of the nasal septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002397 maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The bone which normally forms the lateral upper jaw in osteichthyans, including tetrapods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002400 parietal pleura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer The outer serous membrane of the pulmonary pleural. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002401 visceral pleura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022350 visceral serous membrane The inner serous membrane of the pulmonary pleural. The visceral pleura lines the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002402 pleural cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035809 serous cavity The fluid-filled cavity that lies between the visceral and parietal pleurae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002406 pericardial sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005906 serous sac A double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002408 parietal serous pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022351 parietal serous membrane Parietal serous membrane which is part of the pericardium and forms the outer layer of the pericardial sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002409 pericardial fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036217 coelomic fluid Transudate contained in the pericardial cavity.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002412 vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element The ossified form of a vertebral element, a skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002413 cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015007 cervical vertebra endochondral element A vertebra that is located in the cervical region of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002414 lumbar vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015009 lumbar vertebra endochondral element Large vertebra of the movable part of the vertebral column, characterized by the absence of the foramen transversarium within the transverse process, and by the absence of facets on the sides of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002415 tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis An external caudal extension of the body. In chordates, the tail is post-anal, in other animals the anus ends in the tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002417 abdominal segment of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis The abdominal segment of the torso. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002418 cartilage tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004755 skeletal tissue Skeletal tissue that is avascular, rich in glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and typically includes chondrocytes within isolated lacunae. Cartilage tissue is deposited by chondroblasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002419 skin gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006003 integumentary adnexa A gland that is part of a skin of body [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002421 hippocampal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Hippocampus (proper) plus dentate gyrus and subiculum[definition derived from NIF comments and ontology alignment]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002422 fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004086 brain ventricle Part of the ventricular system of the brain, forming a single large irregularly shaped cavity located on the midline of the rhombencephalon, between the medulla, pons and the isthmus ventrally and the cerebellum dorsally. It is continuous with the cerebral aqueduct anteriorally and the central canal of the spinal cord posteriorly. It communicates with the subarachnoid space through its lateral and median apertures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002423 hepatobiliary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The part of the digestive system that contains the liver and the biliary system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002424 oral epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of the mouth and lines the oral cavity, typically stratified squamous, and may be para-, ortho- or non- keratinized. Primary barrier between oral environment and deeper tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002425 visceral serous pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022350 visceral serous membrane Visceral serous membrane which is continuous with the parietal serous pericardium and is attached to the myocardium[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002426 chest muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005175 chest organ Any muscle organ that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002427 arm skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003531 forelimb skin A zone of skin that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002428 limb bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015061 limb endochondral element A bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002429 cervical lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node Cervical lymph nodes are lymph nodes found in the neck. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002432 pars intermedia of adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The thin boundary between the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis of the pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH); this area is small or absent in mammalian adults. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002435 striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon A region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati.[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002436 primary visual cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8440011 cortical visual area The visual area of the brain that is specialized for processing information about static and moving objects. The primary visual cortex, which is defined by its function or stage in the visual system, is approximately equivalent to the striate cortex, also known as Brodmann area 17, which is defined by its anatomical location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002437 cerebral hemisphere white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011299 white matter of telencephalon White matter that is part of a cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002439 myenteric nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000429 enteric plexus One of two ganglionated neural networks which together form the enteric nervous system. The myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus is located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of the gut. Its neurons project to the circular muscle, to other myenteric ganglia, to submucosal ganglia, or directly to the epithelium, and play an important role in regulating and patterning gut motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002441 cervicothoracic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001991 cervical ganglion The group of neurons formed by the fusion of the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002443 choroidal blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A blood vessel that is part of a choroid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002444 lens fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ A region of the lens consisting of packed elongated enucleate cells packed with crystallin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002445 ulnare http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001480 proximal carpal bone The postaxial bone of the proximal carpal region. Found in close approximation to the ulna, often in articulation[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002447 palatine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001830 minor salivary gland The palatine glands form a continuous layer on its posterior surface and around the uvula. They are primarily mucous secreting glands, as opposed to serous or mixed secreting glands. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002448 fungiform papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014389 gustatory papilla of tongue Any of the mushroom-shaped papillae, which have a single taste bud at the tip, located mostly on the dorsal anterior portion of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002450 decidua http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure The maternal uterine-derived portion of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002451 endometrial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland The mucous secreting gland associated with the mucuous membrane lining the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002456 internal thoracic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery An artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts. It is a paired artery, with one running along each side of the sternum, to continue after its bifurcation as the superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002457 intersomitic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014907 intersomitic vessel The small branching sprouts of the dorsal aorta that grow across the medial surface of the somite, turn right angles to grow over that surface and then fuse with other sprouts and form the vertebral arteries adjacent to the neural tube; the intersomitic arteries supply the body wall and persist in the adult as the posterior intercostal, subcostal and the lumbar arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002458 spinal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery Arteries that supply the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002459 inferior palpebral vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014769 palpebral vein A blood vessel that drains from from an lower eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002460 vesical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A tributary of the iliac vein that drains the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002461 anterior abdominal wall muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002378 muscle of abdomen Any skeletal muscle organ that is part of a anterior abdominal wall. Examples: the obliques, pyramidalis and transversus abdominus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002463 muscle of posterior compartment of hindlimb stylopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004252 hindlimb stylopod muscle Any of the posterior thigh muscles. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002465 lymphoid system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system The lymphatic system in vertebrates is a network of conduits that carry a clear fluid called lymph. It also includes the lymphoid tissue through which the lymph travels. Lymphoid tissue is found in many organs, particularly the lymph nodes, and in the lymphoid follicles associated with the digestive system such as the tonsils. The system also includes all the structures dedicated to the circulation and production of lymphocytes, which includes the spleen, thymus, bone marrow and the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive system[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002466 intestine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland Clear to pale yellow watery secretions from the glands lining the small intestine walls. Secretion is stimulated by the mechanical pressure of partly digested food in the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002467 filiform papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001726 papilla of tongue The filiform papillae are thin, long 'V'-shaped cones that don't contain taste buds but are the most numerous. These papillae are mechanical and not involved in gustation covering most of the dorsum (upper surface). They are small and arranged in lines parallel to the V-shaped row of circumvallate papillae, except at the tip of the tongue where they are aligned transversely. Projecting from their apices are numerous filamentous processes, or secondary papillae. These are of a whitish tint, owing to the thickness and density of the epithelium of which they are composed. This epithelium has undergone a peculiar modification as the cells have become cornified and elongated into dense, imbricated, brush-like processes. They contain also a number of elastic fibers, which render them firmer and more elastic than the papillae of mucous membrane generally. The larger and longer papillae of this group are sometimes termed papillae conicae. Fungiform papillae are found dispersed throughout the filiform papillae. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002468 foliate papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014389 gustatory papilla of tongue Any of the papillae located on the sides of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002469 esophagus mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002470 autopod region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment Terminal segment of free limb, immediately distal to the zeugopod region. The fully developed autopod consists of the autopod skeleton plus associated structures such as integument, muscle tissue, vasculature etc. The autopod is divided into mesopodial, metapodiual, and acropodial segments. Examples: human hand, mouse paw, human foot. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002471 zeugopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment The middle free limb segment, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the zeugopodial skeleton. Examples: There are two types of zeugopod: forelimb zeugopod (aka forearm), hindlimb zeugopod (aka crus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002472 stylopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment The proximal free limb segment. Includes as parts the stylopod skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002473 intercerebral commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019294 commissure of telencephalon A commissure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres. Examples: anterior commissure, corpus callosum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002474 cerebellar peduncular complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A composite structure of the brain stem, which is subdivided into the superior cerebellar peduncle of pons, the decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle and the superior cerebellar peduncle of midbrain (MM)[NIF, based on NN]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002478 orbitosphenoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The bone that is situated in the orbit on either side of the presphenoid; it generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the adult, and may be independent in the young. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002479 dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus The main division of the lateral geniculate body; consists of two magnocellular layers [TA] (strata magnocellularia [TA]) and four parvocellular layers [TA] (strata parvocellularia [TA]) and serves as a processing station in the major pathway from the retina to the cerebral cortex, receiving fibers from the optic tract and giving rise to the geniculocalcarine radiation to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004755 skeletal tissue Skeletal tissue with a collagen-rich extracellular matrix vascularized, mineralized with hydroxyapatite and typically including osteocytes located in lacunae that communicate with one another by cell processes (in canaliculi). Bone is deposited by osteoblasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002482 lamellar bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue Bone tissue that has a regular parallel alignment of collagen into sheets (lamellae) and is mechanically strong. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002483 trabecular bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue Bone tissue that has a lattice-like or spongy structure; it is highly vascular and contains intercommunicating spaces filled with bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002484 bone marrow cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The medullary cavities of the bones where bone marrow is stored. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002485 prostate duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system The minute canals that pass the prostatic secretions to the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002487 tooth cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002558 organ cavity The central hollow space of a tooth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002488 helix of outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head The helix is the prominent rim of the pinna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002489 coronal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones and the frontal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002490 frontal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture A suture that connects the two frontal bones of the skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002491 lambdoid suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the parietal bones and the occipital bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002492 sagittal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture The dense, fibrous connective tissue joint between the tetrapod parietal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002493 uterine artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The branch of the internal iliac artery that supplies the uterus and the upper part of the vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002494 papillary muscle of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure One of the group of myocardial bundles which terminate in the chordae tendineae that attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves; each ventricle has an anterior and a posterior papillary muscle; the right ventricle sometimes has a septal papillary muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002496 stapes base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The flat portion of the stirrup of the ear that fits in the oval window between the middle and inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002497 acromion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004530 bony projection Region of the scapula where the latter meets with the clavicle: attachment point of the clavicle to the scapula in some taxa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002498 deltopectoral crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection A rough elevation at the middle of the lateral side of the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002499 cochlear labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The labyrinth is a system of fluid passages in the inner ear, including both the cochlea, which is part of the auditory system, and the vestibular system, which provides the sense of balance. It is named by analogy with the mythical maze that imprisoned the Minotaur, because of its appearance. The bony labyrinth, or osseous labyrinth, is the network of passages with bony walls lined with periosteum. The bony labyrinth is lined with the membranous labyrinth. There is a layer of perilymph between them. The three parts of the bony labyrinth are the vestibule of the ear, the semicircular canals, and the cochlea. The vestibular system is the region of the inner ear where the semicircular canals converge, close to the cochlea (the hearing organ). The vestibular system works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. Joint and muscle receptors also are important in maintaining balance. The brain receives, interprets, and processes the information from these systems that control our balance. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002500 zygomatic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The bony arch in vertebrates that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002501 oval window http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036253 orifice of skull The oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002502 round window of inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036253 orifice of skull The opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002505 spiral modiolar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The artery which parallels the spiral ganglion in the root of the spiral lamina of the modiolus, serving the ganglion and the cochlear duct and its contents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002506 iris epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium An epithelium that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002507 abdominal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005172 abdomen element A lymph node that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002508 celiac lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015860 visceral abdominal lymph node The visceral glands that are associated with the branches of the celiac artery, including the gastric, hepatic, and pancreaticolienal (splenic) lymph nodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002509 mesenteric lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015860 visceral abdominal lymph node The lymph nodes located in the mesentery, of which there are 3 classes: ileocolic, juxtaintestinal mesenteric, and central superior group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002510 anterior fontanel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002221 fontanelle In humans, the anterior fontanelle (bregmatic fontanelle, frontal fontanelle) is the largest, and is placed at the junction of the sagittal suture, coronal suture, and frontal suture; it is lozenge-shaped, and measures about 4 cm in its antero-posterior and 2.5 cm in its transverse diameter. The fontanelle allows the skull to deform during birth to ease its passage through the birth canal and for expansion of the brain after birth. While the posterior and lateral fontanelles are obliterated by about six months after birth, the anterior is not completely closed until about the middle of the second year. Full ossification starts in the late twenties and finishes before the age of 50 . [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002511 trabecula carnea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the ventricles of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002512 corpus luteum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland A transient endocrine gland that develops from the postovulatory or atretic follicles and secretes progesterone; it is thought to be related to egg retention[PMID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002513 endochondral bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element Replacement bone that forms within cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002514 intramembranous bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element Bone tissue forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues[TAO]. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collagen-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified[GO]. Intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones and the shell of a turtle are formed[GO]. Unlike endochondral ossification, cartilage is not present during intramembranous ossification[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002515 periosteum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 membranous layer The thick fibrous membrane that closely invests the entire surface of a bone except the articular cartilage at synovial joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002516 epiphyseal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001994 hyaline cartilage tissue A hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone. The plate is found in children and adolescents; in adults, who have stopped growing, the plate is replaced by an epiphyseal line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002517 basicranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system The base of skull is the most inferior area of the skull, composed of the endocranium and lower parts of the skull roof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002518 otolith organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006585 vestibular organ The crystalline particles composed of calcium carbonate and a protein which adhere to the gelatinous membrane of the maculae of the utricle and saccule (otolithic membrane). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002519 otolithic part of statoconial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane The layer of the statoconial membrane that is composed of otoliths. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002520 submandibular lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003968 peripheral lymph node The submandibular lymph nodes (submaxillary glands in older texts), three to six in number, are placed beneath the body of the mandible in the submaxillary triangle, and rest on the superficial surface of the submaxillary salivary gland. One gland, the middle gland of Stahr, which lies on the external maxillary artery as it turns over the mandible, is the most constant of the series; small lymph glands are sometimes found on the deep surface of the submaxillary salivary glands. The afferents of the submaxillary glands drain the medial palpebral commissure, the cheek, the side of the nose, the upper lip, the lateral part of the lower lip, the gums, and the anterior part of the margin of the tongue. Efferent vessels from the facial and submental glands also enter the submaxillary glands. Their efferent vessels pass to the superior deep cervical glands. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002521 elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue Connective tissue composed of elastic fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002522 tunica media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004797 blood vessel layer The middle layer of an artery or vein. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002523 tunica intima http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer The innermost layer of a blood vessel which is a lining of endothelial cells facing the lumen[Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002525 brachial lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node The lymph nodes located along the brachial vein that receive drainage from most of the free upper limb and send efferent vessels to the central axillary lymph nodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002527 pancreatic lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002507 abdominal lymph node A lymph node that is part of a pancreas [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002528 sacral lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005179 pelvic region element A lymph node located in the sacral region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010538 paired limb/fin segment A major subdivision of a mature or developing limb, including both skeletal elements (or the mesenchyme that gives rise to the skeletal elements) and associated tissues, such as muscle, connective tissue, integument. Examples: autopod region, zeugopod region, stylopod region, metapodial region, arm region. Excludes the limb girdles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ An organ that functions as a secretory or excretory organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002532 epiblast (generic) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure In amniote animal embryology, the epiblast is a tissue type derived either from the inner cell mass in mammals or the blastodisc in birds and reptiles. It lies above the hypoblast. In mammalian embryogenesis, the columnar cells of the epiblast are adjacent to the trophoblast, while the cuboidal cells of the hypoblast are closer to the blastocoele. The epiblast, whilst referred to as the primary ectoderm, differentiates to form all three layers of the trilaminar germ disc in a process called gastrulation[WP]. The outer of the two layers of the blastoderm that form during gastrulation, corresponding to primitive ectoderm during gastrulation and to the definitive ectoderm after gastrulation[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002533 post-anal tail bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The rapidly proliferating mass of cells at the caudal extremity of the embryo; remnant of the primitive node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002536 arthropod sensillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ Sense organ embedded in the integument and consisting of one or a cluster of sensory neurons and associated sensory structures, support cells and glial cells forming a single organised unit with a largely bona-fide boundary.[FBbt]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002537 hermaphrodite gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000991 gonad A gonad with both testicular and ovarian aspects[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest One of a series of paired bulges that develop along the lateral walls of the foregut. The pharyngeal arches have developmental contributions from endoderm, mesoderm, and neural crest cells and are separated by anterior lateral endoderm out-pockets known as pharyngeal pouches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002540 lateral line system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system A line of sensory organs and associated structures along the sides of fish and amphibia that detect vibrations and pressure changes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002541 germ ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The thickend rim of the blastoderm evident during late blastula and gastrula stages[FishBase]. Embryonic structure which is a uniform thickened annulus at the blastoderm margin, consisting of two layers in addition to the EVL, the epiblast and the hypoblast. The germ ring is formed by the involution of the blastoderm back upon itself[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002544 digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005881 autopodial extension A subdivision of the autopod that has as part a series of phalanges together with associated vasculature, musculature, integument and nerves. It is continuous with the metapodial subdivision of the autopod, but does not include the metapodials. In species such as humans, fully formed digits are distinct, whereas in other species the digits may be connected by interdigital webbing, or may be completely unseparated (for example, in cetaceans). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002546 cranial placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005085 ectodermal placode Ectodermal placode that develops in the head into a part of the sensory nervous system. With a few exceptions (lens, adenohypophyseal), cranial placodes are neurogenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002548 larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism A distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space Anatomical space which contains portions of one or more body substances and is bounded by the internal surface of one maximally connected anatomical structure. Examples: cranial cavity, pharyngeal recess space, nasal cavity, tooth socket, cavity of serous sac, lumen of stomach, lumen of artery, fornix of vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002555 intermediate hypothalamic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The portion of the hypothalamus located generally internal to the region of the infundibulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002561 lumen of central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002558 organ cavity The cavity that is enclosed by the central nervous system. In vertebrates this is the cavity that includes as parts ventricular cavities and the central canal of the spinal cord that develops from the lumen of the neura tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002565 olivary pretectal nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014450 pretectal nucleus Small distinct nucleus in the pretectum of mammals involved in the pupillary light reflect. In rats, it is an olive shaped (anterior) nucleus lying ventral to the brachium of the superior colliculus (Paxinos, The rat nervous system, 2nd ed, 1995, pg. 862). Physiologically, it is identified by neurons sensitive to luminance changes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002567 basal part of pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Ventral subdivision of the pons which consists of the massive pontine pertuberance on pontine ventral surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002581 postcentral gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus Component of the parietal lobe. The appearance and disappearance of the central sulcus were the rostral and caudal boundaries of the postcentral gyrus respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the lateral bank of the precentral gyrus and the lateral fissure and/or the medial bank of the superior parietal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002583 commissure of superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005970 brain commissure A commissure that is part of a superior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002588 decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007418 neural decussation Regional part of superior cerebellar peduncle located in the caudal midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus, consisting of a large bundle of fibers crossing the midline. It contains fibers projecting from the deep cerebellar nucleus to the midbrain and thalamus through the superior cerebellar peduncle (MM). The decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle is the portion of the superior cerebellar peduncle which crosses into the midbrain. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002589 lateral corticospinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain Part of the corticospinal tract located in the spinal cord, formed as 75 to 90% of the corticospinal fibers cross to the opposite side of the brainstem in the pyramidal decussation. This tract descends the length of the spinal cord in the lateral white column (Adapted from Brain Info). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002600 limbic lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Part of cerebral hemisphere located on the medial surface, forming a ring around the brain stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002602 emboliform nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004073 cerebellum interpositus nucleus The small wedge shaped nucleus interposed between the dentate and fastigial nuclei; it receives axons from Purkinje cells of the intermediate area of the cerebral hemispheres and most of its efferent connections travel via the superior cerebellar peduncle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002606 neuropil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A cluster of neurites that is part of a nervous system and forms a network of dendrites and axons where synapses are present and in which neuronal somata do not occur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002610 cochlear nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain The cochlear nuclei consist of: (a) the dorsal cochlear nucleus, corresponding to the tuberculum acusticum on the dorso-lateral surface of the inferior peduncle; and (b) the ventral or accessory cochlear nucleus, placed between the two divisions of the nerve, on the ventral aspect of the inferior peduncle. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002613 cerebellum globose nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004073 cerebellum interpositus nucleus The two or three small masses of gray matter that is located medial to the emboliform nucleus and lateral to the fastigial nucleus; it receives axons from the intermediate area of the cerebellar hemispheres and its afferents exit through the superior cerebellar peduncle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Anatomical divisons of the brain according to one or more criteria, e.g. cytoarchitectural, gross anatomy. Parts may be contiguous in 3D or not, e.g., basal ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002633 motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus Nucleus located in the pontine tegmentum containing cells that give rise to motor innervation of the jaw through the trigeminal nerve. It receives both crossed and uncrossed fibers from the cerebral cortex (Heimer, L. The Human Brain and Spinal Cord, 2nd ed., 1996, pg 248). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002634 anterior nucleus of hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007251 preoptic nucleus A loose heterogeneous collection of cells in the anterior hypothalamus, continuous rostrally with the medial and lateral preoptic areas and caudally with the tuber cinereum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002663 septal nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007245 nuclear complex of neuraxis Collection of nerve cells in the medial forebrain lying generally in front of the anterior commissure (Maryann Martone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002668 oculomotor nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve Initial segment of the occulomotor nerve as it leaves the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002673 vestibular nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain Nuclear complex containing the vestibular nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002682 abducens nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus Nucleus located beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle in the pontine tegmentum, containing motor neurons innervating the lateral rectus muscle of the eye (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 533). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002688 supramarginal gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus Component of the parietal lobe. The first coronal slice between the superior temporal gyrus and the postcentral gyrus where the supramarginal gyrus appears was the rostral boundary whereas the slice where the supramarginal gyrus becomes continuous with the superior parietal gyrus was the caudal boundary. The medial and lateral boundaries were the lateral banks of the intraparietal sulcus and the medial banks of the lateral fissure and/or the superior temporal gyrus respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002703 precentral gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015593 frontal gyrus Component of the frontal lobe. The appearance and disappearance of the central sulcus is the rostral and caudal boundaries of the precentral gyrus respectively. The medial boundary is specific frontal gyri (superior, middle and inferior) whereas the lateral boundary is the medial bank of the central sulcus (Christine Fennema-Notestine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002704 metathalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus The metathalamus is a composite structure of the thalamus, consisting of the medial geniculate nucleus and the lateral geniculate nucleus. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002705 midline nuclear group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus The midline nuclear group (or midline thalamic nuclei) a region of the thalamus consisting of the following nuclei: paraventricular nucleus of thalamus (nucleus paraventricularis thalami) - not to be confused with paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus paratenial nucleus (nucleus parataenialis) reuniens nucleus (nucleus reuniens) rhomboidal nucleus (nucleus commissuralis rhomboidalis) subfascicular nucleus (nucleus subfascicularis) [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002707 corticospinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract The corticospinal fibers that arise from the pyramidal cells within the cerebral cortex layer V of the precentral motor area, the premotor area and the postcentral gyrus, then descend into and through the medulla to form the lateral corticospinal tract and the anterior corticospinal tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002722 trochlear nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009661 midbrain nucleus Nucleus in the midbrain at the level of the inferior colliculus near the midline, containing the motor neurons giving rise to the trochlear nerve, innervating the contralateral superior oblique extraocular muscle of the eye (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed, 1981, pg. 533). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002726 cervical spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005844 spinal cord segment A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a cervical region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002728 entorhinal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Component of the temporal lobe on the mesial surface. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the entorhinal cortex are the rostral end of the collateral sulcus and the caudal end of the amygdala respectively. The medial boundary is the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and the lateral boundary is the collateral sulcus. (DK). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002731 vestibulocochlear nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve Either of the two roots that come of the vestibulocochlear nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002733 intralaminar nuclear group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus The intralaminar nucleus is a nucleus of the thalamus that contains the following nuclei: central lateral centromedian (or 'central medial') paracentral parafascicular. Some sources also include a 'central dorsal' nucleus. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002742 lamina of septum pellucidum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer One of two layers of both white and gray matter of the septum pellucidum. During fetal development there is a space between the two laminae called the cavum septum pellucidum which, in ninety per cent of cases, disappears during infancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002743 basal forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A region of the brain consisting of ventral and rostral subcortical regions of the telencephalon, including among others, the basal ganglia, septal nuclei, amygdala, ventral pallidum, substantia innominata, and basal nucleus of Meynert. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A regional part of brain that is part of a cerebellar cortex [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002755 pyramidal decussation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007418 neural decussation Part of medulla comprising a white matter structure containing nerve fibers of the pyramidal tract crossing from one side of the brain to the other (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002760 ventral corticospinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract Part of pyramidal tract (corticospinal tract) containing uncrossed fibers and traveling in the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002769 superior temporal gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus Component of the temporal lobe, lateral aspect. The rostral boundary is the rostral extent of the ssuperior temporal sulcus. The caudal boundary is the cauday portion of the superior temporal gyrus (posterior to becoming continuous with the supramarginal gyrus). The medial boundary is the lateral fissure (and when present the supramarginal gyrus), and the lateral boundary is the superior temporal suclus (Christine Fennema-Notestine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002770 posterior hypothalamic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The part of the hypothalamus posterior to the middle region consisting of several nuclei including the medial mamillary nucleus, lateral mamillary nucleus, and posterior hypothalamic nucleus (posterior hypothalamic area). The posterior hypothalamic area is concerned with control of sympathetic responses and is sensitive to conditions of decreasing temperature and controls the mechanisms for the conservation and increased production of heat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002776 ventral nuclear group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus Nuclei in the ventral part of the thalamus, involved in modulating activity of dorsal thalamic nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002786 root of abducens nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve Nerve fibers arising from motor neurons in the abducens nucleus that are contained within the pontine tegmentum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002787 decussation of trochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007418 neural decussation The crossing of the two trochlear nerves at their exit through the velum medullare anterius. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002802 left parietal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001872 parietal lobe Parietal lobe of the left hemisphere of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002803 right parietal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001872 parietal lobe Parietal lobe of the right hemisphere of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002804 left limbic lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002600 limbic lobe A limbic lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002805 right limbic lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002600 limbic lobe A limbic lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002806 left occipital lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002021 occipital lobe An occipital lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002807 right occipital lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002021 occipital lobe An occipital lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002808 left temporal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001871 temporal lobe A temporal lobe that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002809 right temporal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001871 temporal lobe A temporal lobe that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002810 right frontal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001870 frontal cortex A frontal cortex that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002811 left frontal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001870 frontal cortex A frontal cortex that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002812 left cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001869 cerebral hemisphere A cerebral hemisphere that is in the left side of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002813 right cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001869 cerebral hemisphere A cerebral hemisphere that is in the right side of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002824 vestibular ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The ganglion of the vestibular nerve. It contains the cell bodies of the bipolar primary afferent neurons whose peripheral processes form synaptic contact with hair cells of the vestibular sensory end organs[WP,unvetted]. Distributed to the maculae of the utricle and saccule and to the ampullary crests of the semicircular ducts. The vestibular fibers arise in bipolar cells in the vestibular ganglion in the internal acoustic meatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002825 superior part of vestibular ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The part of the vestibular ganglion that receives fibers from the maculae of the utricle and the sacculae and the ampullae of the anterior and lateral semicircular ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002827 vestibulocochlear ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The group of neuron cell bodies associated with the eighth cranial nerve during embryogenesis; splits in later development to form the cochlear and vestibular ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002835 thoracic dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000961 thoracic ganglion A dorsal root ganglion that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002836 lumbar dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000044 dorsal root ganglion The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the lumbar vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002859 fifth lumbar dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002836 lumbar dorsal root ganglion The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002871 hypoglossal nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata Nucleus forming a longitudinal cell column in the medulla, close beneath the floor of the 4th ventricle, containing motor neurons that innervate the muscles of the tongue (Brodal, Neurological Anatomy, 3rd ed., 1981, pg 453). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002894 olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Aggregate brain region defined as those areas of cerebral cortex receiving direct synaptic input from the olfactory bulb (Price, 1973). It usually includes the piriform cortex and sometimes other areas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002895 secondary olfactory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Brodmann's area 28; major gateway for neocortical input to the hippocampus; origin of the perforant pathway; a component of the medial temporal lobe memory system. (CSP) * The cytoarchitecturally well-defined area of multilaminate cerebral cortex on the medial aspect of the parahippocampal gyrus, immediately caudal to the olfactory cortex of the uncus. The entorhinal cortex is the origin of the major neural fiber system afferent to the hippocampus, the so-called PERFORANT PATHWAY. (Stedman, 25th ed). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002898 chiasmatic cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004050 subarachnoid cistern The region of the subarachnoid space that is located below and anterior to the optic chiasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002916 central sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013118 sulcus of brain The central sulcus is a fold in the cerebral cortex of brains in vertebrates. Also called the central fissure, it was originally called the fissure of Rolando or the Rolandic fissure, after Luigi Rolando. The central sulcus is a prominent landmark of the brain, separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002921 longitudinal fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014466 subarachnoid fissure The deep groove which separates the two hemispheres of the vertebrate brain. The falx cerebri, a dural brain covering, lies within the medial longitudinal fissure. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002925 trigeminal nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain A nucleus of brain that is part of a trigeminal nuclear complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002926 gustatory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006934 sensory epithelium A sensory epithelium that is part of a gustatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002928 dentate gyrus polymorphic layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002304 layer of dentate gyrus A cellular layer of the dentate gyrus enclosed by the granule cell layer. A number of cell types are located in the polymorphic layer but the most prominent is the mossy cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002956 granular layer of cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004130 cerebellar layer The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002967 cingulate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus One of the convolutions on the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere. It surrounds the rostral part of the brain and interhemispheric commissure and forms part of the limbic system. (MSH) One of three essential structures comprising the limbic lobe, the other two being the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. (CSP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002973 parahippocampal gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus Component of the temporal lobe on the mesial surface, posterior to the entorhinal cortex. The rostral and caudal boundaries are the posterior end of the netorhinal cortex and the caudal portion of the hippocampus, respectively. The medial boudnary is designated as the medial aspect off the temporal lobe and the lateral boundary is the collateral sulcus (Christine Fennema-Notestine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002974 molecular layer of cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004130 cerebellar layer The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002979 Purkinje cell layer of cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004130 cerebellar layer The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002990 mammillothalamic tract of hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011591 tract of diencephalon Part of mammillothalamic tract contained within the hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003012 flocculonodular lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005293 cerebellum lobe The flocculonodular lobe is a lobe of the cerebellum consisting of the nodule and the flocculus. It is closely associated with the vestibulocerebellum. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003021 central lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule The central lobule is a small square lobule, situated in the anterior cerebellar notch. It overlaps the lingula, from which it is separated by the precentral fissure; laterally, it extends along the upper and anterior part of each hemisphere, where it forms a wing-like prolongation, the ala lobuli centralis. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003023 pontine tegmentum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Dorsal portion of the pons, containing cranial nervee nuclei, ascending and descending tracts and reticular nuclei. It is continuous with the reticular formation of the medulla (Carpenter, A Core Text of Neuroanatomy, 3rd ed, 1985, pg 133). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003027 cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cortex. It is extended from the corpus callosum below to the cingulate sulcus above, at least anteriorly. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003028 commissure of inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005970 brain commissure A commissure that is part of a inferior colliculus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037 septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003038 thoracic spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005844 spinal cord segment The thoracic nerves are the spinal nerves emerging from the thoracic vertebrae. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003039 anterior commissure anterior part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019294 commissure of telencephalon The horseshoe-shaped tract that connects the two olfactory bulbs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003041 trigeminal nerve fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006134 nerve fiber A nerve fiber that is part of a trigeminal nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003043 posterior part of anterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019294 commissure of telencephalon The major forebrain commissure that connects the two temporal lobes of the cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003050 olfactory placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009955 neurogenic placode A thick plate of cells derived from the neural ectoderm in the head region of the embryo that develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003051 ear vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelial sac of invaginated ectoderm formed from the otic placode that gives rise to the structures of the inner ear[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003052 midbrain-hindbrain boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction The part of the brain that is the morphological boundary between the midbrain and hindbrain and that is the location of an organizing center which patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003054 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A single row of glia at the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube along the entire anterior-posterior axis. This region provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types and of the specification of neural crest cells. The cells comprising the roof plate are the precursors to radial glial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003055 periderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium A temporary epithelium that derives from the outer layer of the ectdoerm and is shed once the inner layer differentiates to form a true epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003056 pre-chordal neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The portion of neural plate anterior to the mid-hindbrain junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003057 chordal neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The portion of neural plate posterior to the mid-hindbrain junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003059 presomitic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003060 pronephric duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium In mammals, the pronephric duct is the predecessor of the Wolffian duct[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003061 blood island http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Blood islands are structures in the developing embryo which lead to many different parts of the circulatory system. They primarily derive from plexuses formed from angioblasts. Within them, vacuoles appear through liquefaction of the central part of the syncytium into plasma. The lumen of the blood vessels thus formed is probably intracellular. The flattened cells at the periphery form the endothelium. The nucleated red blood corpuscles develop either from small masses of the original angioblast left attached to the inner wall of the lumen or directly from the flat endothelial cells. In either case the syncytial mass thus formed projects from and is attached to the wall of the vessel. Such a mass is known as a blood island and hemoglobin gradually accumulates within it. Later the cells on the surface round up, giving the mass a mulberry-like appearance. Then the red blood cells break loose and are carried away in the plasma. Such free blood cells continue to divide. Blood islands have been seen in the area vasculosa in the omphalomesenteric vein and arteries, and in the dorsal aorta[WP, unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003062 primitive knot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010188 protuberance Organizer for gastrulation in vertebrates. The primitive knot starts as a regional knot of cells that forms on the blastodisc immediately anterior to where the outer layer of cells will begin to migrate inwards - an area known as the primitive streak. Posterior to the node is the primitive pit, where the cells of the epiblast (the upper layer of embryonic cells) initially begin to invaginate. This invagination expands posteriorly into the primitive groove as the cells layers continue to move into the space between the embryonic cells and the yolk. This differentiates the embryo into the germ layers - endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. The primitive knot migrates posteriorly as gastrulation proceeds, eventually being absorbed into the tail bud.[WP]. the regional thickening of cells at the rostral tip of the vertebrate primitive streak through which gastrulating cells migrate anteriorally to form tissues in the future head and neck; this region organizes the formation of the three embryonic layers and establishes the longitudinal axis and the polarity of the embryo[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003063 prechordal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A horseshoe-shaped thickening of the endoderm at the cranial (rostral) end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells which, together with the notochord, induces the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells and contributes mesodermal type cells to the surrounding tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003064 intermediate mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003066 pharyngeal arch 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch The second pharyngeal arch will form the hyoid apparatus. The cranial neural crest cells that populate the second pharyngeal arch emerge primarily from rhombomere 4 and will form skeletal elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003067 dorsolateral placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009955 neurogenic placode Lateral neurogenic placodes positioned dorsal of the epibranchial placodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003068 axial mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003069 otic placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003067 dorsolateral placode A cranial placode which, once specified, invaginates to form an otic cup, which eventually separates from the surface ectoderm to form the otic vesicle or otocyst, a rounded structure without appar- ent polarity. As the otic placode invaginates into a cup neuroblasts delaminate from the anterior ventral aspect of the otic epithelium to give rise to neurons of the vestibulocochlear (statoacoustic) ganglion of cranial nerve VIII[NBK]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003070 trigeminal placode complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003067 dorsolateral placode A neurogenic placode that arises at the level of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary and develops into a trigeminal ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003072 optic cup http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Multi-tissue structure that is comprised of neural and non-neural epithelial layers which will form the retina and retinal pigmented epithelium of the mature eye[ZFA]. double walled structured formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and sensory layers of the retina while the mouth of the optic cup eventually forms the pupil of the eye[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003073 lens placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode A thickened portion of ectoderm which serves as the precursor to the lens. SOX2 and Pou2f1 are involved in its development[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003075 neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016879 future central nervous system A region of embryonic ectodermal cells that lie directly above the notochord. During neurulation, they change shape and produce an infolding of the neural plate (the neural fold) that then seals to form the neural tube[XAO]. The earliest recognizable dorsal ectodermal primordium of the central nervous system present near the end of gastrulation before infolding to form the neural keel; consists of a thickened pseudostratified epithelium[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003077 paraxial mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003078 epibranchial placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009955 neurogenic placode Focal thickenings of the embryonic ectoderm that form immediately dorsal and caudal of the clefts between the pharyngeal arches and that produce the neuroblasts that migrate and condense to form the distal cranial ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003079 floor plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The specialized glial structure (non-neuronal cells) situated at the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube; this structure spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions, separating the left and right basal plates of the developing neural tube, and serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003081 lateral plate mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue Portion of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo that resides on the periphery of the embryo, is continuous with the extra-embryonic mesoderm, splits into two layers enclosing the intra-embryonic coelom, and gives rise to body wall structures[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003082 myotome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017650 developing mesenchymal structure A transitional population of migrating mesenchymal cells that derive from somites and that will become muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003083 trunk neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Trunk portion of the neural crest. The trunk neural crest lies between the vagal and sacral neural crest and gives rise to two groups of cells. One group migrates dorsolateral and populates the skin, forming pigment cells and the other migrates ventrolateral through the anterior sclerotome to become the epinephrine-producing cells of the adrenal gland and the neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. Some cells remain in the sclerotome to form the dorsal root ganglia [Wikipedia]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003084 heart primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium Bilateral groups of cells consisting of three rows: one row of endocardial precursors medially and two rows of myocardical precursors laterally. The two populations fuse at the midline to form the heart rudiment or cone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003086 caudal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003524 tail blood vessel Extension of the dorsal aorta in the tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003087 anterior cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004344 cardinal vein One of the the two paired cardinal veins draining the cephalic part of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003089 sclerotome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007530 migrating mesenchyme population Ventral somitic compartment that is a precursor of the axial skeleton[XAO]. Sclerotomes eventually differentiate into the vertebrae and most of the skull. The caudal (posterior) half of one sclerotome fuses with the rostral (anterior) half of the adjacent one to form each vertebra. From their initial location within the somite, the sclerotome cells migrate medially towards the notochord. These cells meet the sclerotome cells from the other side to form the vertebral body. From this vertebral body, sclerotome cells move dorsally and surround the developing spinal cord, forming the vertebral arch[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003091 thyroid primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The initial thyroid precursor, the thyroid primordium, starts as a simple midline thickening and develops to form the thyroid diverticulum. This structure is initially hollow, although it later solidifies and becomes bilobed. The 2 lobes are located on either side of the midline and are connected via an isthmus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003092 ultimobranchial body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest An outpocketing of one of the caudal pharyngeal pouches that is comprised on calcitonin-producing parafollicular cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003098 optic stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034705 developing neuroepithelium The narrow, proximal portion of the optic vesicle which connects the embryonic eye and forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 cranial neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Neural crest cells (NCCs) originating in the anterior part of the developing embryo and residing between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordia; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs also contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003100 female organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism Gonochoristic organism that can produce female gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003101 male organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism Gonochoristic organism that can produce male gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003102 surface structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that overlaps the outer epithelial layer and is adjacent to the space surrounding the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 compound organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Portion of tissue composed of mesenchymal cells (motile cells that develop from epthelia via an epithelial to mesenchymal transition) and surrounding extracellular material. Mesenchyme has different embryological origins in different metazoan taxa - in many invertebrates it derives in whole or part from ectoderm. In vertebrates it derives largely from mesoderm, and sometimes the terms are used interchangeably, e.g. lateral plate mesoderm/mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003107 Meckel's cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element Meckel's cartilage is the bilaterally paired, rod-like, cartilaginous ventral component of the lower jar, or ventral mandibular arch. It is typically resorbed in adults. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003111 sphenoid region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Anatomical cluster that forms the floor and sidewalls of the middle part of the cranium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003112 olfactory region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Anatomical cluster that is located in the anterior region of the cranium and provides structural support for the olfactory organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003113 dermatocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011159 primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system Subdivision of skeleton that includes all dermal bones in the cranial skeleton[ZFA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003114 pharyngeal arch 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch The third branchial arch contributes to the development of the hyoid bone, stylopharyngeus muscle, inferior parathyroid gland, and thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003115 pharyngeal arch 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch Contributes to development of the cartilage of the larynx, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and soft palate muscles, superior parathyroid gland, and C-cells of the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003117 pharyngeal arch 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch The 6th pharyngeal arch. contributes to the development of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003118 pharyngeal arch artery 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004363 pharyngeal arch artery The vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003119 pharyngeal arch artery 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004363 pharyngeal arch artery The vessels formed within the second pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003120 pharyngeal arch artery 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004363 pharyngeal arch artery The vessels formed within the third pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003121 pharyngeal arch artery 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004363 pharyngeal arch artery The vessels formed within the fourth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003122 pharyngeal arch artery 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004363 pharyngeal arch artery The vessels formed within the fifth pair of pharyngeal arches in embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003123 pharyngeal arch artery 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004363 pharyngeal arch artery The vessels formed within the sixth pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003124 chorion membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005631 extraembryonic membrane The outermost extraembryonic membrane of amniotes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003128 cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system Upper portion of the skull that excludes the mandible (when present in the organism). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003209 blood nerve barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000119 cell layer Barrier between the perineurium of peripheral nerves and the vascular endothelium of endoneurial capillaries. The perineurium acts as a diffusion barrier, but ion permeability at the blood-nerve barrier is still higher than at the blood-brain barrier[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003210 blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Barrier in the choroid plexus located in the lateral, third, and fourth brain ventricles that controls the entrance of substances into the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003212 gustatory organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000005 chemosensory organ Any sense organ that functions in (some) detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste (GO:0050912). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003214 mammary gland alveolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A sac-like structure that is found in the mature gland[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003215 alveolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Organ part that has the form of a hollow cavity[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003218 ovary septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037 septum Septum that divides the ovary, the basal portion of a carpel or group of fused carpels, that encloses the ovule(s)[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003220 metanephric mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure One of the two embryological structures that give rise to the kidney (the other is the ureteric bud). The metanephric blastema mostly develops into nephrons, but can also form parts of the collecting duct system.[WP]. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003224 chorion syncytiotrophoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure An extraembryonic structure that develops_from a syncytiotrophoblast and is part of a chorion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003229 epithelium of elbow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a elbow [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003230 epithelium of carpal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003231 epithelium of hip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003232 epithelium of knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003233 epithelium of shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003235 epithelium of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035037 jaw epithelium An epithelium that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003236 epithelium of lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035037 jaw epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003238 epithelium of superior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of an anterior semicircular canal [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003239 epithelium of posterior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a posterior semicircular canal [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003240 epithelium of lateral semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lateral semicircular canal [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003241 epithelium of utricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006932 vestibular epithelium An epithelium that is part of a utricle of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003242 epithelium of saccule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006932 vestibular epithelium An epithelium that is part of a saccule of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003243 epithelium of cochlear duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003244 epithelium of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The epithelial layer of the luminal surfaces of the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003246 epithelium of endolymphatic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a endolymphatic sac [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003247 epithelium of forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003248 epithelium of footplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a footplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003249 epithelium of otic placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015807 ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a otic placode [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003252 thoracic rib cage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all ribs in an organism connected to the sternum and the vertebrae. Some vertebrates have abdominal ribs (gastrialia), not connected to the vertebrate - these are not considered part of the rib case. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003253 neck of rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element The neck of the rib is the flattened portion which extends lateralward from the head; it is about 2.5 cm. long, and is placed in front of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& with which the head articulates. Its anterior surface is flat and smooth, its posterior rough for the attachment of the ligament of the neck, and perforated by numerous foramina. Of its two borders the superior presents a rough crest (crista colli costE) for the attachment of the anterior costotransverse ligament; its inferior border is rounded. On the posterior surface at the junction of the neck and body, and nearer the lower than the upper border, is an eminencebthe tubercle; it consists of an articular and a non-articular portion. The articular portion, the lower and more medial of the two, presents a small, oval surface for articulation with the end of the transverse process of the lower of the two vertebrC& to which the head is connected. The non-articular portion is a rough elevation, and affords attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper than in the lower ribs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003257 yolk sac endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium The portion of the yolk sac that is derived from endoderm and lines the yolk sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003258 endoderm of foregut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015833 foregut epithelium An endoderm that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003259 endoderm of midgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An endoderm that is part of a midgut [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003260 endoderm of hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An endoderm that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003261 thyroid primordium endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An endoderm that is part of a thyroid primordium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003262 amniotic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010333 extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme A mesenchyme that is part of a amnion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003265 chorionic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010333 extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme A mesenchyme that is part of a chorion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003267 tooth of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A calcareous tooth that is part of the upper jaw region. In mammals, the upper jaw teeth are attached to the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003268 tooth of lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A calcareous tooth that is part of the lower jaw region. In mammals, the lower jaw teeth are attached to the mandible (dentary). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003269 skeletal muscle tissue of eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a eye [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003277 skeleton of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton that corresponds to the upper part of the mouth. The lower jaw skeleton includes the following elements, when present: upper jaw teeth, the maxilla and other lower jaw bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003278 skeleton of lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton that corresponds to the lower part of the mouth. The lower jaw skeleton includes the following elements, when present: lower jaw teeth, the mandible and other lower jaw bones, and Meckel's cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003279 endothelium of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium An endothelium that is part of a trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003280 endothelium of main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002340 epithelium of main bronchus An endothelium that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003281 mesentery of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004854 gastrointestinal system mesentery The portion of the primitive mesentery that encloses the stomach; from its dorsal sheet, the greater omentum develops, and from its ventral sheet, the lesser omentum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003282 mesentery of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery A mesentery that surrounds the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003283 mesentery of oesophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery A mesentery that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003284 mesentery of midgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery A mesentery that is part of a midgut [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003288 meninx of midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003547 brain meninx A meninx that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003289 meninx of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003548 forebrain meninges A meninx that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003290 meninx of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003548 forebrain meninges A meninx that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003291 meninx of hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003547 brain meninx A meninx that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003294 gland of foregut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003408 gland of digestive tract A gland that is part of a foregut [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003295 pharyngeal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036225 respiratory system gland Racemose mucous glands beneath the mucous membrane of the pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003296 gland of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any gland that is part of the diencephalon. Examples: pineal gland, neurohypophysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003297 gland of integumental system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland A gland that is part of a integumental system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003299 roof plate of midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The mesencephalic roof plate, including the caudal and rostral part of the midbrain roof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003300 roof plate of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A roof plate that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003301 roof plate of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A roof plate that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003302 roof plate of metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A roof plate that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003303 roof plate of medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A roof plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003304 mesoderm blood island http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium A blood island that is part of a mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003306 floor plate of neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A floor plate that is part of a neural tube [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003307 floor plate of midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003306 floor plate of neural tube A floor plate that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003308 floor plate of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003306 floor plate of neural tube A floor plate that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003309 floor plate of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003306 floor plate of neural tube A floor plate that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003310 floor plate of metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003306 floor plate of neural tube A floor plate that is part of a metencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003311 floor plate of medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003306 floor plate of neural tube A floor plate that is part of a medulla oblongata [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003312 mesenchyme of testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003855 gonad mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing testis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003314 eye mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009891 facial mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003315 mesenchyme of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003855 gonad mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing ovary [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003316 mesenchyme of yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010333 extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme The portion of the yolk sac that is derived from mesoderm and consists of mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003317 odontogenic papilla of incisor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001763 odontogenic papilla An odontogenic papilla that is part of a incisor tooth [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003318 mesenchyme of elbow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003859 forelimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing elbow [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003319 mesenchyme of carpal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003859 forelimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme of the carpal region that contributes to the carpal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003320 mesenchyme of hip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003321 mesenchyme of knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003860 hindlimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing knee [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003322 mesenchyme of shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing shoulder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003323 mesenchyme of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034995 jaw mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003324 mesenchyme of lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034995 jaw mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003325 mesenchyme of pinna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005253 head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing pinna [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003326 mesenchyme of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Mesenchyme that is part of a developing mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003327 mesenchyme of forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003859 forelimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003328 mesenchyme of footplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010377 mesenchyme from somatopleure Mesenchyme that is part of a footplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003329 submucosa of anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A submucosa that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003330 submucosa of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001208 submucosa of large intestine The submucous layer of the wall of the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003331 submucosa of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001208 submucosa of large intestine A submucosa that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003332 submucosa of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001205 submucosa of small intestine A submucosa that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003333 submucosa of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001205 submucosa of small intestine A submucosa that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003334 serosa of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001209 serosa of large intestine A serous membrane that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003335 serosa of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001209 serosa of large intestine A serous membrane that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003336 serosa of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001206 serosa of small intestine A serous membrane that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003337 serosa of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001206 serosa of small intestine A serous membrane that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003338 ganglion of peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000045 ganglion A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the PNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003339 ganglion of central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A ganglion that is part of a central nervous system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003342 mucosa of anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003343 mucosa of oral region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003729 mouth mucosa A mucosa that is part of a oral opening [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003346 mucosa of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001207 mucosa of large intestine A mucosa that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003350 epithelium of mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium A layer of epithelial cells on the surface of the mucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003351 pharyngeal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003352 epithelium of midgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003353 epithelium of hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003354 epithelium of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016885 epithelium of terminal part of digestive tract An epithelium that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003355 epithelium of incisor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a incisor tooth [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003356 epithelium of nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019306 nose epithelium An epithelium that is part of a nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003357 epithelium of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019304 sensory organ epithelium An epithelium that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003358 epithelium of soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a soft palate [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003359 epithelium of submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004809 salivary gland epithelium An epithelium that is part of a submandibular gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003360 epithelium of parotid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004809 salivary gland epithelium An epithelium that is part of a parotid gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003361 epithelium of sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004809 salivary gland epithelium An epithelium that is part of a sublingual gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003362 epithelium of endolymphatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a endolymphatic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003364 epithelium of right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000115 lung epithelium An epithelium that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003365 epithelium of left lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000115 lung epithelium An epithelium that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003366 epithelium of uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006955 uterine epithelium An epithelium that is part of a uterine horn [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003367 epithelium of vomeronasal organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019306 nose epithelium An epithelium that is part of a vomeronasal organ [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003368 epithelium of hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a hard palate [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003371 pelvic appendage bud ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An unilaminar epithelium that surrounds a pelvic appendage bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003372 pectoral appendage bud ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An unilaminar epithelium that surrounds a pectoral appendage bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003373 ectoderm of footplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000924 ectoderm An ectoderm that is part of a footplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003374 chorionic ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure An extraembryonic structure that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a chorion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003378 cardiac muscle of auricular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004490 cardiac muscle tissue of atrium A cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a atrium auricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003379 cardiac muscle of right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004490 cardiac muscle tissue of atrium A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right atrium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003380 cardiac muscle of left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004490 cardiac muscle tissue of atrium A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left atrium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003381 cardiac muscle of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003382 cardiac muscle of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003383 cardiac muscle tissue of interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004667 interventricular septum muscular part A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of an interventricular septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003384 skeletal muscle tissue of pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004830 respiratory system skeletal muscle A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a pharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003386 smooth muscle of eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any of the striated muscles that move the eye and include: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique, retractor bulbi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003387 smooth muscle of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004233 lower respiratory tract smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trachea [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003388 mesothelium of pericardial cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001136 mesothelium A mesothelium that is part of a pericardium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003389 mesothelium of diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004807 respiratory system epithelium A mesothelium that is part of a diaphragm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003390 mesothelium of pleural cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001136 mesothelium A mesothelium that is part of a pleural cavity [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003393 mesentery of urinary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery A mesentery that is part of a urinary system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003394 mesentery of hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery A mesentery that is part of a hindgut [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003395 mesentery of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004854 gastrointestinal system mesentery A mesentery that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003396 mesentery of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007826 peritoneal mesentery A mesentery that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003397 mesentery of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003336 serosa of duodenum A mesentery that is part of a duodenum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003398 mesentery of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003337 serosa of jejunum A mesentery that is part of a jejunum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003403 skin of forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002427 arm skin A zone of skin that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003404 lobar bronchus of right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002183 lobar bronchus A lobar bronchus that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003405 lobar bronchus of left lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002183 lobar bronchus A lobar bronchus that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003406 cartilage of respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element A cartilage element that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003407 cartilage of nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003932 cartilage element of chondrocranium A cartilage that is part of a nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003408 gland of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A gland that is part of a digestive tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003409 gland of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010047 oral gland Any of the mucous, serous, or mixed glands that empty their secretions onto the surface of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003410 oropharyngeal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A gland that is part of a oropharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003412 pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010329 paired limb/fin bud mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a pelvic appendage bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003413 pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010329 paired limb/fin bud mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a pectoral appendage bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003414 mesenchyme of mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest Mesenchyme that is part of a developing mandible [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003415 mesenchyme of nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009891 facial mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003416 mesenchyme of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing tongue [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003417 mesenchyme of soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest Mesenchyme that is part of a developing soft palate [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003418 mesenchyme of submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003324 mesenchyme of lower jaw Mesenchyme that is part of a developing submandibular gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003419 mesenchyme of parotid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009891 facial mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing parotid gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003420 mesenchyme of sublingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing sublingual gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003421 mesenchyme of vomeronasal organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009891 facial mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing vomeronasal organ [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003422 mesenchyme of umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue A gelatinous substance within the umbilical cord, largely made up of mucopolysaccharides (hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate). It also contains some fibroblasts and macrophages. It is derived from Extra Embryonic Mesoderm[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003424 mesenchyme of hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hard palate [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003425 renal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node A lymph node that is located in a kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003426 dermis adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003585 dermis connective tissue An adipose tissue that is part of a dermis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003427 abdominal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007808 adipose tissue of abdominal region The encapsulated adipose tissue in the abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003428 gonadal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the ovaries or testes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003429 abdomen nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003825 nerve of abdominal segment A nerve that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003430 neck nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003431 leg nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003442 hindlimb nerve A nerve that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003432 chest nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003824 nerve of thoracic segment A nerve that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003433 arm nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003441 forelimb nerve A nerve that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003434 wrist nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003448 manus nerve A nerve that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003435 pedal digit nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003445 pes nerve A nerve that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003436 shoulder nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003437 eyelid nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that innervates an eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003438 iris nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve Any nerve that innervates the iris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003439 nerve of trunk region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is part of the trunk region of the body (not to be confused with a nerve trunk). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003440 limb nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003441 forelimb nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003440 limb nerve A nerve that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003442 hindlimb nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003440 limb nerve A nerve that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003443 thoracic cavity nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is located in a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003444 pelvis nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003825 nerve of abdominal segment A nerve that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003445 pes nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003442 hindlimb nerve A nerve that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003446 ankle nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003445 pes nerve A nerve that is part of an ankle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003447 digit nerve of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003448 manus nerve A nerve that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003448 manus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003441 forelimb nerve A nerve that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003449 tail intervertebral disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001066 intervertebral disk An intervertebral disk that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003450 upper jaw incisor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001626 premaxillary tooth An incisor tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003451 lower jaw incisor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003268 tooth of lower jaw An incisor tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003452 trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a trabecula carnea [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003453 large intestine Peyer's patch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001211 Peyer's patch A Peyer's patch that is part of a large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003454 small intestine Peyer's patch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001211 Peyer's patch Nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003455 inner renal medulla loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034997 renal medulla loop of Henle A loop of Henle that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003456 respiratory system lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel A lymphatic vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003457 head bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007914 bone of craniocervical region A bone that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003458 neck bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A bone that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003459 chest bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005175 chest organ A bone that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003460 arm bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008962 forelimb bone A bone that is part of the region of the forelimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003461 shoulder bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010741 bone of pectoral complex A bone that is connected via a shoulder joint (i.e. glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joints). The shoulder bones are the clavicle, scapula and humerus - but note that these are only considered to be shoulder bones when a true shoulder is present, as in most tetrapods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003462 facial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A bone that is part of a facial skeleton [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003463 trunk bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element A bone that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003464 hindlimb bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015022 hindlimb endochondral element A bone that is part of a hindlimb region. Examples: any pes phalanx, femur. Counter-examples: ischium, pubis (they are part of the pelvic girdle). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003466 forelimb zeugopod bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003460 arm bone A bone that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003467 sesamoid bone of gastrocnemius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011141 appendicular ossicle A small sesamoid bone situated behind a condyle of the femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003468 ureteric segment of renal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery The ureteral branches of renal artery are small branches which supply the ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003469 respiratory system artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003643 respiratory system arterial blood vessel An artery that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003470 artery of upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009657 artery of lip The superior labial artery (superior labial branch of facial artery) is larger and more tortuous than the inferior labial artery. It follows a similar course along the edge of the upper lip, lying between the mucous membrane and the Orbicularis oris, and anastomoses with the artery of the opposite side. It supplies the upper lip, and gives off in its course two or three vessels which ascend to the nose; a septal branch ramifies on the nasal septum as far as the point of the nose, and an alar branch supplies the ala of the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003471 artery of lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009657 artery of lip The inferior labial artery (inferior labial branch of facial artery) arises near the angle of the mouth; it passes upward and forward beneath the Triangularis and, penetrating the Orbicularis oris, runs in a tortuous course along the edge of the lower lip between this muscle and the mucous membrane. It supplies the labial glands, the mucous membrane, and the muscles of the lower lip; and anastomoses with the artery of the opposite side, and with the mental branch of the inferior alveolar artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003472 cerebellar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003496 head blood vessel An artery that supplies blood to the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003473 thoracic cavity artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003519 thoracic cavity blood vessel An artery that is part of a thoracic cavity[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003474 meningeal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery One of the arteries supplying a meninix[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003475 ureteric vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003520 pelvis blood vessel A vein that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003476 respiratory system venous blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003477 vein of upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013136 vein of lip The inferior labial vein is the vein receiving blood from the upper lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003478 vein of lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013136 vein of lip The inferior labial vein is the vein receiving blood from the lower lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003479 thoracic cavity vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003519 thoracic cavity blood vessel A vein that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003480 vein of clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A vein that is part of a clitoris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003481 tail vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003524 tail blood vessel A vein that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003482 vein of trabecular bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen A portion of vein that is part of a trabecular bone tissue [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003483 thymus lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001744 lymphoid tissue A portion of lymphoid tissue that is part of a thymus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003484 eye sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003605 eye skin gland A sebaceous gland that is part of a camera-type eye. Example: a tarsal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003485 vagina sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland A sebaceous gland that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003487 skin sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001821 sebaceous gland A holocrine gland of the dermis that secretes sebum into hair follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003488 abdominal mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005172 abdomen element A lactiferous gland that is part of the abdominal region [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003489 respiratory system capillary endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004702 respiratory system blood vessel endothelium An endothelium of capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003494 respiratory system venule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003504 respiratory system blood vessel A venule that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003495 respiratory system arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003643 respiratory system arterial blood vessel An arteriole that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003496 head blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003497 abdomen blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003835 abdominal segment blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003498 heart blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005985 coronary vessel A blood vessel that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003499 brain blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A blood vessel that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003500 corneal blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A blood vessel that is part of a cornea [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003501 retina blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A blood vessel that is part of a retina [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003502 neck blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003503 leg blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003516 hindlimb blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003504 respiratory system blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003505 trachea blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003504 respiratory system blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003506 chest blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003834 thoracic segment blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003507 arm blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003515 forelimb blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003508 pedal digit blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003521 pes blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003509 arterial blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of the arterial system. Includes artery, arteriole and aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003510 eyelid blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A blood vessel that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003511 iris blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A blood vessel that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003512 lung blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003834 thoracic segment blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003513 trunk blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003514 limb blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007301 appendage blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003515 forelimb blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007300 pectoral appendage blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003516 hindlimb blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003514 limb blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003517 kidney blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003497 abdomen blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003518 main bronchus blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003504 respiratory system blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003519 thoracic cavity blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003520 pelvis blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003835 abdominal segment blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003521 pes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003516 hindlimb blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003522 manual digit blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003523 manus blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003523 manus blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003515 forelimb blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003524 tail blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003526 respiratory system capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003504 respiratory system blood vessel A capillary that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003527 kidney capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003517 kidney blood vessel A capillary that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter A gray matter that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003529 respiratory system lymphatic vessel endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004807 respiratory system epithelium An lymphatic vessel endothelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003530 pedal digit skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015249 digit skin A zone of skin that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003531 forelimb skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001419 skin of limb A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003532 hindlimb skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001419 skin of limb A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003533 manual digit skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015249 digit skin A zone of skin that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003534 tail skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003535 vagus X nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002464 nerve trunk A nerve trunk that is part of a vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003536 right lung alveolar duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002173 pulmonary alveolar duct An alveolar duct that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003537 left lung alveolar duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002173 pulmonary alveolar duct An alveolar duct that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003538 right lung bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002186 bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003539 left lung bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002186 bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003540 right lung terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003538 right lung bronchiole A terminal bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003541 left lung terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003539 left lung bronchiole A terminal bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003542 right lung respiratory bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003538 right lung bronchiole A respiratory bronchiole that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003543 left lung respiratory bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003539 left lung bronchiole A respiratory bronchiole that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003544 brain white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002316 white matter The regions of the brain that are largely or entirely composed of myelinated nerve cell axons and contain few or no neural cell bodies or dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003546 distal convoluted tubule macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium A macula densa that is part of a distal convoluted tubule [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003547 brain meninx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002360 meninx A meninx that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003548 forebrain meninges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003547 brain meninx A meninx that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003549 brain pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003547 brain meninx The fibrous membrane forming the innermost of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity that is firmly attached to the glial capsule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003550 forebrain pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003549 brain pia mater A pia mater that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003551 midbrain pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003549 brain pia mater A pia mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003552 telencephalon pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003550 forebrain pia mater A pia mater that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003553 diencephalon pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003550 forebrain pia mater A pia mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003554 hindbrain pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003549 brain pia mater A pia mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003555 spinal cord pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002361 pia mater A pia mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003556 forebrain arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003548 forebrain meninges An arachnoid mater that is part of a forebrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003557 midbrain arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003288 meninx of midbrain An arachnoid mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003558 diencephalon arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003556 forebrain arachnoid mater An arachnoid mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003559 hindbrain arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003291 meninx of hindbrain An arachnoid mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003560 spinal cord arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002362 arachnoid mater An arachnoid mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003561 forebrain dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003548 forebrain meninges A dura mater that is part of a forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003562 midbrain dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003288 meninx of midbrain A dura mater that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003563 telencephalon dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003561 forebrain dura mater A dura mater that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003564 diencephalon dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003561 forebrain dura mater A dura mater that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003565 hindbrain dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003291 meninx of hindbrain A dura mater that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003566 head connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003567 abdomen connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003838 abdominal segment connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdomen [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003568 neck connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003569 leg connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003589 hindlimb connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003570 respiratory system connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003571 trachea connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003580 lower respiratory tract connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003572 chest connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003837 thoracic segment connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003573 arm connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003588 forelimb connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003574 elbow connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003573 arm connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a elbow [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003575 wrist connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003598 manus connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003576 hip connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003577 knee connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003569 leg connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a knee [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003578 pedal digit connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015791 digit connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003579 shoulder connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003580 lower respiratory tract connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003581 eyelid connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A portion of connective tissue that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003582 nasopharynx connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A portion of connective tissue that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003583 larynx connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A portion of connective tissue that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003584 mammary gland connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The fibrous supportive tissue of the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003585 dermis connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A portion of connective tissue that is part of a dermis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003586 trunk connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003587 limb connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003588 forelimb connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003587 limb connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003589 hindlimb connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003587 limb connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003590 main bronchus connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003592 bronchus connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003591 lobar bronchus connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003592 bronchus connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lobar bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003592 bronchus connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003580 lower respiratory tract connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003593 thoracic cavity connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thoracic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003594 pelvis connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003838 abdominal segment connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003595 pes connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A portion of connective tissue that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003596 ankle connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003595 pes connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of an ankle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003597 manual digit connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015791 digit connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003598 manus connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hand [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003599 tail connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003601 neck cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element A cartilage that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003603 lower respiratory tract cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A cartilage that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003604 trachea cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003603 lower respiratory tract cartilage The ring-shaped cartilaginous structures that support the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003605 eye skin gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015152 gland of ocular region A skin gland that is part of a camera-type eye [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003606 limb long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002428 limb bone A long bone that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003607 forelimb long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008962 forelimb bone A long bone that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003608 hindlimb long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003606 limb long bone A long bone that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003609 aorta elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003614 blood vessel elastic tissue The dense connective tissue which contains predominantly elastic fibers and is found in the tunica media of the aorta wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003610 heart elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The type of heart connective tissue found in the endocardial layer that consists mainly of elastic fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003611 respiratory system elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003570 respiratory system connective tissue An elastic tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003613 cardiovascular system elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002521 elastic tissue An elastic tissue that is part of a circulatory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003614 blood vessel elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Elastic tissue layer that lines a blood vessel layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003615 lung elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003611 respiratory system elastic tissue Elastic tissue that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003616 bronchus elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003611 respiratory system elastic tissue An elastic tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003617 trachea elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003611 respiratory system elastic tissue An elastic tissue that is part of a trachea [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003618 aorta tunica media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002522 tunica media The middle layer of the aorta wall, containing the smooth muscle layer and elastic fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003619 aorta tunica intima http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004797 blood vessel layer The innermost layer of the aorta, containing the endothelium and an inner elastic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003620 manual digit 1 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015025 manual digit 1 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003622 manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019232 manual digit 2, 3 or 4 2nd digit of the manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003623 manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019232 manual digit 2, 3 or 4 3rd digit of the manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003624 manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019232 manual digit 2, 3 or 4 4th digit of the manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003625 manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019231 manual digit 1 or 5 5th digit of the manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003631 pedal digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019241 pedal digit 1 or 5 1st digit of the hind autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003632 pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019242 pedal digit 2, 3 or 4 2nd digit of the hind autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003633 pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019242 pedal digit 2, 3 or 4 3rd digit of the hind autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003634 pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019242 pedal digit 2, 3 or 4 4th digit of the hind autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003635 pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019241 pedal digit 1 or 5 5th digit of the hind autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003636 manual digit 2 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015026 manual digit 2 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003637 manual digit 3 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015027 manual digit 3 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003638 manual digit 4 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015028 manual digit 4 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003639 manual digit 5 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015029 manual digit 5 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003640 pedal digit 1 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015031 pedal digit 1 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003641 pedal digit 2 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015032 pedal digit 2 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003642 pedal digit 3 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015033 pedal digit 3 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003643 respiratory system arterial blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003509 arterial blood vessel An arterial blood vessel that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003644 kidney arterial blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003517 kidney blood vessel An arterial blood vessel that is part of a kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003645 metacarpal bone of digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015043 manual digit 1 metacarpus endochondral element A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003646 metacarpal bone of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015044 manual digit 2 metacarpus endochondral element A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003647 metacarpal bone of digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015045 manual digit 3 metacarpus endochondral element A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003648 metacarpal bone of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015046 manual digit 4 metacarpus endochondral element A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003649 metacarpal bone of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015047 manual digit 5 metacarpus endochondral element A metacarpal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003650 metatarsal bone of digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015037 pedal digit 1 metatarsal endochondral element A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003651 metatarsal bone of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015038 pedal digit 2 metatarsal endochondral element A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003652 metatarsal bone of digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015039 pedal digit 3 metatarsal endochondral element A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003653 metatarsal bone of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015040 pedal digit 4 metatarsal endochondral element A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003654 metatarsal bone of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015041 pedal digit 5 metatarsal endochondral element A metatarsal bone that distally_connected_to a proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003655 molar tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013164 molariform tooth Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003656 mesopodium bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013630 short bone A bone that is part of a mesopodial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003657 limb joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint Any joint that is part of a (free) limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003658 hip muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010890 pelvic complex muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a hip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003659 pedal digit muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001498 muscle of pes Any muscle organ that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003660 eyelid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ A muscle that attaches to an eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003661 limb muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate Any muscle organ that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003662 forelimb muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014794 pectoral appendage muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a forelimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003663 hindlimb muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014795 pelvic appendage muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003664 manual digit muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001500 muscle of manus Any muscle organ that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003665 post-anal tail muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004518 muscle of vertebral column A muscle organ that attaches to a tail vertebra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003666 upper jaw molar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011593 maxillary tooth A molar tooth that is part of a upper jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003667 lower jaw molar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011594 dentary tooth A molar tooth that is part of a lower jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003672 dentition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection A collection of teeth arranged in some pattern in the mouth or other part of the body. The arrangement may be a simple row, a collection of rows, or a more elaborate structure, such as a toooth whorl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003675 tooth crown http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The portion of the tooth covered by enamel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003676 patellar ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011088 ligament of knee joint The central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris. It is attached to the apex of the PATELLA and to the lower part of the tubercle of the TIBIA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003677 tooth root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The part of a tooth that is implanted in the gum; the root is normally located below the neck of the tooth, covered by cementum rather than enamel, and attached by the periodontal ligament to the alveolar bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003681 masticatory muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018544 trigeminal nerve muscle In humans: Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. (From Stedman, 25th ed). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003682 palatal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element The muscles of the palate are the glossopalatine, palatoglossus, levator palati(ni), musculus uvulae, palatopharyngeus, and tensor palati(ni). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003684 abdominal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The part of the ventral body cavity that is within the abdomen proper (excluding the pelvic cavity). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009198 craniofacial suture Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the skull are connected by sutural ligaments (scant amount of collagenous dense connective tissue). Examples: sagittal suture, frontal suture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003686 tooth socket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity Dental alveolus (plural, alveoli) are sockets in the jaws in which the roots of teeth are held in the alveolar process of maxilla with the periodontal ligament. The lay term for dental alveoli is tooth sockets. A joint that connect the roots of the teeth and the alveolus are called gomphosis (plural gomphoses). In mammals, tooth sockets are found in the maxilla and the mandible. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003688 omentum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ A fold of peritoneum originating at the stomach and supporting the viscera. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003692 acromioclavicular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016884 shoulder joint Any joint connecting the acromonion of the scapula and clavicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003694 atlanto-axial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint The Atlanto-axial joint is of a complicated nature, comprising no fewer than four distinct joints. There is a pivot articulation between the odontoid process of the axis and the ring formed by the anterior arch and the transverse ligament of the atlas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003695 metacarpophalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001489 manus joint The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the first phalanges, with the exception of that of the thumb, which presents more of the characters of a ginglymoid joint. Arthritis of the MCP is a distinguishing feature of Rheumatoid Arthritis, as opposed to the distal interphalangeal joint in osteoarthritis. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003696 metatarsophalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001487 pes joint The metatarsophalangeal articulations are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones of the toes . They are condyloid joints meaning an elliptical or rounded surface (of the metatarsal bones) come close to the shallow cavities (of the proximal phalanges). The ligaments are the plantar and two collateral. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003697 abdominal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000060 anatomical wall The tissues that surround the organs that are present within the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall tissue is composed of layers of fat, parietal peritoneum, fascia, and muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003698 subtalar joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008447 intertarsal joint A joint of the pes that connects the talus and the calcaneus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003699 pubic symphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008114 joint of girdle The firm fibrocartilaginous joint in the median plane between the two opposing surfaces of the pubic bones, which are united by an interpubic disc of fibrocartilage as well as the superior and arcuate pubic ligaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003700 temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A synovial joint of the jaw that connects the mandible to the temporal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003701 calcaneal tendon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament The Achilles tendon is a tendon of the posterior leg. It serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003702 inguinal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit The passage in the lower abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord in the male or the round ligament in the female, nerves and vessels pass from the pelvic cavity to the scrotum or labia majora, respectively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003707 sinus of Valsalva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure One of the anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, which occurs just above the aortic valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003709 circle of Willis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery A circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain. The Circle of Willis comprises the following arteries: Anterior cerebral artery (left and right); Anterior communicating artery; Internal carotid artery (left and right); Posterior cerebral artery (left and right); Posterior communicating artery (left and right).The basilar artery and middle cerebral arteries, supplying the brain, are also considered part of the circle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003711 brachiocephalic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The left and right brachiocephalic veins in the upper chest are formed by the union of each corresponding internal jugular vein and subclavian vein. This is at the level of the sternoclavicular joint. These great vessels merge to form the superior vena cava. The brachiocephalic veins are the major veins returning blood to the superior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003713 splenic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein arising from the splenic trabecular vein in the hilum of the spleen that drains into the portal vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003714 neural tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Portion of tissue in the nervous system which consists of neurons and glial cells, and may also contain parts of the vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003715 splanchnic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034729 sympathetic nerve The major nerves supplying sympathetic innervation to the abdomen, including the greater, lesser, and lowest (or smallest) splanchnic nerves that are formed by preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord which pass through the paravertebral ganglia and then to the celiac ganglia and plexuses and the lumbar splanchnic nerves carry fibers which pass through the lumbar paravertebral ganglia to the mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003716 recurrent laryngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A branch of the vagus nerve that supplies motor function and sensation to the larynx (voice box). It travels within the endoneurium. It is the nerve of the 6th Branchial Arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003718 muscle spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure The sensory organs in muscle that are involved in the stretch reflex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003719 Pacinian corpuscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012449 mechanoreceptor Any of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin, and which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003721 lingual nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The lingual nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve (CN V3), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve, which supplies sensory innervation to the tongue. It also carries fibers from the facial nerve, which return taste information from the anterior two thirds of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003723 vestibular nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The vestibular nerve is one of the two branches of the Vestibulocochlear nerve (the cochlear nerve being the other). It goes to the semicircular canals via the vestibular ganglion. It receives positional information. Axons of the vestibular nerve synapse in the vestibular nucleus on the lateral floor and wall of the fourth ventricle in the pons and medulla. It arises from bipolar cells in the vestibular ganglion, ganglion of Scarpa, which is situated in the upper part of the outer end of the internal auditory meatus. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003725 cervical nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001813 spinal nerve plexus An arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine that travels to the head and neck where it innervates skin and muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003726 thoracic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001780 spinal nerve The twelve spinal nerves on each side of the thorax. They include eleven INTERCOSTAL NERVES and one subcostal nerve. Both sensory and motor, they supply the muscles and skin of the thoracic and abdominal walls. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003727 intercostal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001780 spinal nerve The intercostal nerves are the anterior divisions (rami anteriores; ventral divisions) of the thoracic spinal nerves from T1 to T11. Each nerve is connected with the adjoining ganglion of the sympathetic trunk by a gray and a white ramus communicans. The intercostal nerves are distributed chiefly to the thoracic pleura and abdominal peritoneum and differ from the anterior divisions of the other spinal nerves in that each pursues an independent course without plexus formation. The first two nerves supply fibers to the upper limb in addition to their thoracic branches; the next four are limited in their distribution to the parietes of the thorax; the lower five supply the parietes of the thorax and abdomen. The 7th intercostal nerve terminates at the xyphoid process, at the lower end of the sternum. The 10th intercostal nerve terminates at the umbilicus. The twelfth thoracic is distributed to the abdominal wall and groin. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003729 mouth mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucous membrane that lines the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003820 prostate bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005153 epithelial bud A region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium destined to become the prostate[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003821 metapodium bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012357 digitopodium bone A bone of the metapodial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003822 forelimb stylopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008785 upper limb segment The part of the forelimb between pectoral region and the elbow, corresponding to the humerus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003823 hindlimb zeugopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008784 lower limb segment The middle limb segment of the pelvic free limb, between the autopod and stylopod segments. Includes as parts the hindlimb zeugopodial skeleton, which includes as parts the tibia and fibula, or their cartilage precursors, or evolutionary variants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003824 nerve of thoracic segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003439 nerve of trunk region A nerve that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003825 nerve of abdominal segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003439 nerve of trunk region A nerve that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003826 upper leg bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005893 leg bone A bone that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003827 thoracic segment bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ A bone that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003828 abdominal segment bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005173 abdominal segment element A bone that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003829 urethra muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005090 muscle structure Any muscle tissue that is part of the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003830 thoracic segment muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ Any muscle organ that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003831 respiratory system muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ Any muscle organ that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003832 esophagus muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element Any muscle organ that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003833 abdominal segment muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005173 abdominal segment element A muscle organ that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003834 thoracic segment blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003513 trunk blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003835 abdominal segment blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003513 trunk blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003836 abdominal segment skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001085 skin of trunk A skin of body that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003837 thoracic segment connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003586 trunk connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003838 abdominal segment connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003586 trunk connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003839 forelimb joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003657 limb joint A limb joint that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003840 hindlimb joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003657 limb joint A limb joint that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003841 autopod joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003657 limb joint A limb joint that is part of an autopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003842 neural tube lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that surrounded_by a neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003843 dental epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium Epithelium that is part of a developing tooth or dental organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003844 upper eyelid epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035034 eyelid epithelium An epithelium that is part of an upper eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003845 lower eyelid epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035034 eyelid epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lower eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003846 thymus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a thymus, forming a supporting framework[MP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003847 thyroid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies a thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003848 gonadal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein In medicine, gonadal vein refers to the blood vessel that carrying blood away from the gonad (testis, ovary) toward the heart. Females : ovarian vein Males : testicular vein [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003849 mesencephalic neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 cranial neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003850 telencephalon neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002342 neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003851 diencephalon neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002342 neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003852 rhombencephalon neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 cranial neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003853 spinal cord neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002342 neural crest A neural crest that has_potential_to_developmentally_contribute_to a spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003854 spinal cord neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003075 neural plate A neural plate that develops_from a future spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003855 gonad mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Mesenchyme that is part of a developing gonad [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003856 uncondensed odontogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007529 loose mesenchyme tissue Mesenchyme enclosed by a dental organ that gives rise to an odontogenic papilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003857 upper eyelid mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010330 eyelid mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing upper eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003858 lower eyelid mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010330 eyelid mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing lower eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003859 forelimb mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009749 limb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003860 hindlimb mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009749 limb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003861 neural arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010358 arch of centrum of vertebra Posterior part of a vertebra that consists of a pair of pedicles and a pair of laminae, and supports seven processes: four articular processes, two transverse processes one spinous process[WP]. ZFA: A neural arch encloses the neural canal and typically meets its partner to form a neural spine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003862 pedal digit 4 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015034 pedal digit 4 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003863 pedal digit 5 phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015035 pedal digit 5 phalanx endochondral element A phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003864 middle phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004301 middle phalanx A middle phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003865 distal phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx A distal phalanx that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003866 middle phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004301 middle phalanx A middle phalanx that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003867 distal phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx A distal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003868 proximal phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003869 presumptive ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003876 hippocampal field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A part or parts of the hippocampus that have a particular function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003881 CA1 field of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003876 hippocampal field Part of hippocampus proper bounded by CA2 and the subiculum, characterized by pyramidal neurons that receive projections from pyramidal neurons of CA3 via the Schaffer collaterals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003882 CA2 field of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003876 hippocampal field Part of hippocampus proper bounded by areas CA3 and CA1, characterized by a narrow layer of large pyramidal cells, similar in size to CA3 pyramidal cells, but which lack the mossy fiber input from the dentate gyrus (adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003883 CA3 field of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003876 hippocampal field Part of hippocampus proper bounded by the hilus of the dentate gyrus and area CA2, characterized by large pyramidal cells and a dense projection from dentate gyrus granule cell mossy fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003884 CA4 field of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003876 hippocampal field The last of four regions in the cornu ammonis of the hippocampus and is also part of the hilus of the dentate gyrus. This area contains mostly mossy cells that receive inputs from the dentate gyrus and pyramidal cells in the CA3 region and also projects back to the dentate gyrus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003885 mesometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery A mesentery that is part of a uterus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003886 future coelemic cavity lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that has the potential to develop into a coelemic cavity lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003887 intraembryonic coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The part of the coelom in the embryo between the somatopleuric and splanchnopleuric mesoderm; the principal body cavities of the trunk (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic) arise from this embryonic part of the coelom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003888 extraembryonic coelomic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012466 extraembryonic cavity The fluid-filled spaces formed within the mass of extraembryonic mesoderm that later fuse to become a large extraembryonic cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003890 Mullerian duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin[WP]. develops either by lengthwise splitting of the archinephric duct (in chondrichthyans and some amphibians) or by a elongated invagination of the coelomic epithelium (other vertebrates) In males, the oviducts regress. The cranial end of the oviduct maintains an opening into the coelom (which primitively may have been the anteriormost coelomic funnels connecting the nephrocoel with the coelom). This opening is the ostium tubae[USM]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003891 stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Connective, non-functional supportive framework of a biological cell, tissue, or organ. Contrast with parenchyma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003893 capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 membranous layer A cover or envelope partly or wholly surrounding a structure. Examples: egg shell, articular capsules, renal capsules[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003894 liver primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009497 epithelium of foregut-midgut junction A small endodermal thickening in the foregut adjacent to the transverse septum. Invaginates forming the hepatic diverticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003895 hypaxial myotome region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue Portion of myotome that is ventral to the horizontal septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003897 axial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate One of the skeletal muscles of the head and neck, spine, and ribs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003898 skeletal muscle tissue of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue in the trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003900 epaxial myotome region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue Portion of myotome that is dorsal to the horizontal septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003901 horizontal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037 septum A logitudinal sheet of continuous connective tissue partition developing at the apex of the chevron-shaped myotome and separating dorsal (epaxial) and ventral (hypaxial) body wall muscle masses; each is destined to become, respectively, the epaxial and hyopaxial musculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003902 retinal neural layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina The part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003906 cardiac jelly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Portion of extracellular matrix between the myocardium and the endocardium. The cardiac jelly plays a central role in the septation of the heart and comprises most of the thickness of the heart wall at early stages, but disappears as the heart differentiates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003907 left atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002087 atrioventricular canal An atrioventricular canal that is in the left side of a atrioventricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003908 right atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002087 atrioventricular canal An atrioventricular canal that is in the right side of a atrioventricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003909 sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2005260 fenestrated capillary Small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a fenestrated endothelium. Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these; they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003910 splenic sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003909 sinusoid Wide vessels in the spleen that drain into trabecular veins[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003911 choroid plexus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The epithelial component of the choroid plexus. Consists of cuboidal epithelial cells surrounding a core of capillaries and loose connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003913 tooth-like structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003914 epithelial tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003915 endothelial tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003914 epithelial tube Any endothelium that has the quality of being cylindrical [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001013 adipose tissue A mass of closely packed fat cells (adipose tissue) surrounded by fibrous tissue septa[TMD]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003918 kidney mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003920 venous blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003921 pancreas primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Embryonic structure that develops into pancreatic bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003922 pancreatic epithelial bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007499 epithelial sac The embryonic pancreas develops from two separate anlagen in the foregut epithelium, one dorsal and two ventral pancreatic buds[PMID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003923 dorsal pancreatic bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003922 pancreatic epithelial bud Pancreatic bud that gives rise to the accessory pancreatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003924 ventral pancreatic bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003922 pancreatic epithelial bud Pancreatic bud that gives rise to the major pancreatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003928 digestive system duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000058 duct A duct that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that lines the lumen of the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003930 atrioventricular canal endocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002165 endocardium Endocardium that is part of the atrioventricular canal[ZFA,vetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003931 diencephalic white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019261 white matter of forebrain White matter that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003932 cartilage element of chondrocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003933 cranial cartilage A cartilage element of chondrocranium. Example: neurocranial trabecula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003933 cranial cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element A cartilage element that is part of the cranial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003937 reproductive gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and are associated with reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003938 sensory dissociation area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The area of the parietal lobe that integrates tactile and visual stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003939 transverse gyrus of Heschl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus The area of the temporal lobe concerned with hearing[MP]. The transverse temporal gyri (also called Heschl's gyri or Heschl's convolutions) are found in the area of primary auditory cortex in the superior temporal gyrus of the human brain, occupying Brodmann areas 41 and 42. It is the first cortical structure to process incoming auditory information. Anatomically, the transverse temporal gyri are distinct in that they run mediolaterally (towards the center of the brain) rather than dorsiventrally (front to back) as all other temporal lobe gyri run. The Heschl's gyri are named after Richard L. Heschl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003941 cerebellum anterior vermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004720 cerebellar vermis The anterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located anterior to the primary fissure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003942 somatosensory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system The sensory system for the sense of touch and pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003943 fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002836 lumbar dorsal root ganglion The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003945 somatic motor system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The neural tissue involved in the transmission of motor signals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003946 placenta labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The placental layers where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003947 brain ventricle/choroid plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003948 blood-air barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The membrane between the capillary blood and alveolar air, comprised of the alveolar epithelium and the capillary epithelium and their adherent basement membranes and epithelial cell cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003949 tubal tonsil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002372 tonsil The lymph tissue associated with the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003950 inner ear canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The tubular ducts of the inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003951 ocular fundus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The posterior concave interior of the eye, consisting of the retina, the choroid, the posterior segment of the sclera, the optic disk, and blood vessels, visible by an ophthalmoscope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003952 anterior stroma of cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The anterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003953 posterior stroma of cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The posterior segment of the lamellated connective tissue layer of the cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003954 squamoparietal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture The articulation of the squamous portion of the temporal bones with the parietal bones[MP]. The squamosal suture arches backward from the pterion and connects the temporal squama with the lower border of the parietal: this suture is continuous behind with the short, nearly horizontal parietomastoid suture, which unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003955 molar crown http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003675 tooth crown The part of a molar that is covered by enamel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003956 aqueous drainage system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The structures associated with drainage of the aqueous humor from the eye, that include the trabecular meshwork, Schlemm's canal, the uveoscleral network, and the aqueous veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003957 Bruch's membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A transparent, nearly structureless innermost layer of the choroid in contact with the pigmented layer of the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003958 long bone epiphyseal ossification zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone The layer of the epiphyseal plate where new bone matrix is deposited. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003960 styloid process of temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Slender needle-like pointed projection that runs downward and slightly forward from the base of the inferior surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone where it joins the tympanic portion; it gives attachment to the styloglossus, stylohyoid, and stylopharyngeus muscles and the stylohyoid and stylomandibular ligaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003961 cingulum of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain The white matter fiber bundle that projects from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003962 pterygopalatine ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion The small parasympathetic ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the lacrimal, nasal, palatine and pharyngeal glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003963 otic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion The ganglion that supplies nerve fibers to the parotid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003964 prevertebral ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001806 sympathetic ganglion The sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003965 sympathetic afferent fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006134 nerve fiber The fibers that conduct sensory nerve impulses from the viscera through the posterior dorsal roots into the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003966 gonial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Investing bone that lies on the surface of the malleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003967 cutaneous elastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The slender connective tissue fiber in the extracellular matrix of skin tissue that is composed of microfibrils and amorphous elastin and is characterized by great elasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003968 peripheral lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node The lymph nodes located outside the thoracic and abdominal cavities, such as the submandibular, prescapular, axillary, inguinal and popliteal lymph nodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003970 placental labyrinth vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ Blood vessels of the layer of the placenta where embryonic and maternal blood vessels interdigitate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003971 interfrontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003462 facial bone A bone between the frontal bones in the skull; an extra bony plate within the anterior fontanelle that is not usually present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003972 placenta junctional zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Fetally derived placental region that separates the maternal uterine tissue from the placenta labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003973 nasal concha of ethmoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003462 facial bone One of the conchae of the ethmoid bone, which occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals[MP]. The ethmoturbinals are associated with the cribiform plate. They are covered with olfactory epithelium. Primarily, they serve to increase the surface area over which olfactory receptor neurons can come in contact with respiratory air. These olfactory receptor nerves then synapse with the mitral cells of the olfactory lobes through the cribiform plate in the manner described above[Palaeos]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003974 upper part of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013515 subdivision of oviduct The upper third of the vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003975 internal female genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004175 internal genitalia The internal feminine genital organs, including the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, uterine cervix, and vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003976 saccule duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The saccular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the sacculus to the endolymphatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003977 utricle duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The utricular portion of the utriculosaccular duct that normally extends from the utriculus to the endolymphatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003979 utricle valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The utriculo-endolymphatic (UE) valve which is located in the antero-inferior wall of the utricle at the orifice of the utricular duct and serves to regulate endolymph volume in the endolymphatic sac, the utricle and the canals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003980 cerebellum fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014466 subarachnoid fissure One of a set of deep furrows which divide the lobules of the cerebellum. Examples: postcentral, primary and secondary furrows. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003981 primordial ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001305 ovarian follicle Primordial follicles are indiscernible to the naked eye and develop to primary, secondary, and finally mature vesicular follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003982 mature ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001305 ovarian follicle Missing definition for term UBERON:0003982. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003983 conus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004151 cardiac chamber A conical pouch formed from the upper and left angle of the right ventricle in the chordate heart, from which the pulmonary artery arises[WP]. the anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminates in the pulmonary trunk[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003984 uterine tube infundibulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013515 subdivision of oviduct The funnel-like expansion of the abdominal extremity of the uterine tube[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003985 major sublingual duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001838 sublingual duct The duct that drains the anterior portion of the sublingual gland and opens at the sublingual papilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003986 minor sublingual duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001838 sublingual duct Any of the 8-20 small ducts that open into the mouth on the surface of the sublingual fold. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003987 Hassall's corpuscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster The small spherical bodies of epithelial cells found in the medulla of the thymus, that are arranged in a concentric pattern around clusters of degenerating lymphocytes, eosinophils and macrophages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003988 thymus corticomedullary boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction The dense region demarcating the thymus medulla from the surrounding cortex that is characterized by numerous blood vessels (predominantly arterioles) with some perivascular connective tissue, mature and immature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, variable numbers of perivascular B-lymphocytes and plasma cells; site of entry of bone marrow stem cells and exit of mature, functional T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003989 medulla oblongata anterior median fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013118 sulcus of brain The longitudinal groove in the midline of the anterior aspect of the medulla oblongata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003990 spinal cord motor column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column The subclasses of motor neurons which are organized into longitudinally oriented columns that occupy distinct and, in some cases, discontinuous domains along the rostrocaudal axis of the spinal cord; motor neurons within a single column send their axons to a common peripheral target. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003991 fourth ventricle median aperture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004668 fourth ventricle aperture The large midline opening of the posterior inferior part of the roof of the fourth ventricle that connects the fourth ventricle to the posterior cerebromedullary cistern and the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003992 fourth ventricle lateral aperture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004668 fourth ventricle aperture One of the two lateral openings of the fourth ventricle into the subarachnoid space at the cerebellopontine angle[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003993 interventricular foramen of CNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The paired channels that connect the lateral and third ventricles and allows cerebrospinal fluid produced in the lateral ventricles to flow into the third ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003994 pelvic ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005179 pelvic region element The dorsal sacroiliac, the sacrotuberal and/or the iliolumbar ligaments associated with the bony ring formed by the pair of hip bones fused at the symphysis and their firm articulation with the sacrum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003995 subarcuate fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008789 cranial fossa The irregular depression found on the posterior inner surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone just below its crest and above and lateral to the internal acoustic meatus[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003996 cervical vertebra 1 arcus anterior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004530 bony projection The arch that connects the lateral masses of the atlas anteriorly and articulates with the anterior articular facet of the dens of the axis[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003997 hyoid bone greater horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The larger and more lateral of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003998 hyoid bone lesser horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Shorter and more medial of the paired processes on either side of the hyoid bone[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003999 hyoid bone body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010273 zone of hyoid bone The main curve of the hyoid bone, from which the horns extend. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004000 tarsal gland acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011846 acinus of sebaceous gland A sac-like structure comprising a sebaceous gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004001 olfactory bulb layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Missing definition for term UBERON:0004001. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004002 posterior lobe of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005293 cerebellum lobe The region of the cerebellum that is posterior to the primary fissure and anterior to the posteriolateral fissure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004003 cerebellum hemisphere lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004004 cerebellum lobule The region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in either of the lateral sections of the cerebellum outside the vermis; in mammals, the vermis portion of the cerebellum has a foliation pattern along the AP axis that is distinct from the lateral cerebellar hemispheres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004004 cerebellum lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex One of the the ten gyri of the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004006 cerebellum intermediate zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex The paired regions of the cerebellar hemisphere that lie adjacent to the vermis and are between the vermis and lateral regions of the hemispheres; it receives input from the corticopontocerebellar fibers that originate from the motor cortex, and also receives sensory feedback from the muscles; these signals are integrated by this region, to coordinate muscle activity with motor inputs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004008 cerebellar plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The embryonic pseudostratified epithelium of the fourth cerebellar ventricle that eventually forms the vermis and ventral neuroepithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004009 cerebellum posterior vermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004720 cerebellar vermis The posterior portion of the narrow middle zone between the two hemispheres of the cerebellum that is located posterior to the primary fissure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004010 primary muscle spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003718 muscle spindle The sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and sensitive to stretch velocity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004011 secondary muscle spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003718 muscle spindle The sensory organ in muscle; involved in the stretch reflex and not sensitive to stretch velocity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004012 golgi tendon organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ The sensory organ in muscle that is involved in regulating muscle tension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004013 egg cylinder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The transient cup-like structure of the epiblast that consists of a single layer of embryonic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004015 embryonic-extraembryonic boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000015 non-material anatomical boundary The connection between the embryo proper and extraembryonic tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004016 dermatome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017650 developing mesenchymal structure A transitional population of migrating mesenchymal cells that derive from somites and that will become dermal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004017 periocular mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The mesenchymal cells that give rise to the corneal endothelium, corneal stroma, sclera, iris stroma, ciliary muscle, ciliary stroma, and trabecular meshwork of the eye[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004019 baroreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018389 interoceptor The sensory nerve endings in the wall of the atria of the heart, vena cava, aortic arch and carotid sinus that are sensitive to changes in blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004021 spongiotrophoblast layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue The structure of the outer structural layer of the rodent placenta[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004022 germinal neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034706 proliferating neuroepithelium The single layer of epithelial cells that lines the early neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004023 ganglionic eminence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The transient proliferative population of neurons that expands exponentially during late prenatal development; it is a continuous germinal zone distinct from the ventricular zone that surrounds the brain ventricles[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004024 medial ganglionic eminence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the neocortex; however, hippocampal neurons, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the MGE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004025 lateral ganglionic eminence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone; this mass contributes most of its cells to the striatum; however, neocortex, thalamus, septum and olfactory bulb neurons are also partly derived from the LGE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004026 caudal ganglionic eminence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The caudally located, distinct elevation of a transient proliferating cell mass of the fetal subventricular zone, located adjacent to the lateral ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004027 chorionic plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue That portion of the chorionic wall in the region of its uterine attachment, which gives rise to chorionic villi; it consists of the mesoderm that lines the chorionic vesicle and, on the maternal side, of the trophoblast that lines the intervillous spaces; in the last half of gestation, the mesodermal connective tissue is largely replaced by fibrinoid material, and the amnionic membrane is adherent to the fetal side of the plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004029 canal of Schlemm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009141 craniocervical region vein The vascular structure encircling the anterior chamber of the eye, through which the aqueous humor is returned to the blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004030 aqueous vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009141 craniocervical region vein A vessel that receives aqueous humor from the sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004031 head ectomesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest Mesenchymal cells derived from neural crest cells that contribute to development of the hard and soft tissue in the head and neck, including the branchial arches[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004032 podocyte slit diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The thin membrane that covers the podocyte filtration slit which allows small molecules such as water, glucose, and ionic salts to pass through while retaining larger macromolecules in the bloodstream. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004033 podocyte slit junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The gaps between the interdigitated foot processes of the podocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004034 cutaneous microfibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The fiber-like strand of fibrillin that forms the scaffold of the cutaneous elastic fibers found in the extracellular matrix of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004035 cortical subplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014950 layer of developing cerebral cortex The transient outer neural tube region that contains the first generated post-mitotic neurons that receive synaptic input from thalamic axons and in turn project axons to the developing cortical plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004040 cortical intermediate zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014950 layer of developing cerebral cortex The region of the developing mammalian cortex that extends between the ventricular zone and the cortical plate (CP); normally, the IZ is a region of tangential migration of cells, and at midgestation, the lower part of the IZ develops into the subventricular zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004041 spleen primary B follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010422 primary nodular lymphoid tissue The nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004042 spleen secondary B follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001745 secondary nodular lymphoid tissue The nodules of antigen-activated, differentiating B cells, follicular dendritic cells, antigen-presenting T cells and macrophages in the spleen white pulp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004043 semicircular canal ampulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The spherical enlargement at the base of each semicircular canal where they connect with the utricle, containing the crista ampullaris which detects movement of the fluid within the canals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004044 anterior visceral endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004877 visceral endoderm The extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004045 tailgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The extension of the hindgut of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo, caudal to the location of the anal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004046 anterior definitive endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000089 hypoblast (generic) The mesendoderm which first migrates from the node and which gives rise to the gut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004047 basal cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004050 subarachnoid cistern The enclosed space where the arachnoid membrane stretches between the two temporal lobes and encloses the cerebral peduncles including the structures contained in the interpeduncular fossa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004048 pontine cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005219 hindbrain subarachnoid space The space located on lateral aspects of the pons at the junction with the celebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004049 cerebellomedullary cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004050 subarachnoid cistern The largest of the subarachnoid cisterns between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata; it is divided into a posterior cerebellomedullary cistern located between the cerebellum and the posterior surface of the medulla (also called cisterna magna), and a lateral cerebellomedullary cistern located between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004050 subarachnoid cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000315 subarachnoid space The widening portions of the subarachnoid space within the cranium where the arachnoid bridges over a depression on the surface of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004051 lateral cerebellomedullary cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004049 cerebellomedullary cistern The space between the cerebellum and the lateral aspect of the medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004052 quadrigeminal cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004050 subarachnoid cistern The enclosed space extending forward between the corpus callosum and the thalamus that contains the internal cerebral veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004053 external male genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004176 external genitalia The external masculine genital organs, including the penis and scrotum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004054 internal male genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004175 internal genitalia The internal masculine genital organs, including the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, ejaculatory ducts, and bulbourethral glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004055 primitive pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016566 pit The small depression in the primitive streak that is caudal to the primitive node where the cells of the epiblast initially begin to invaginate during early embryogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004056 primitive groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The shallow valley that extends along the length of the primitive streak[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004057 skeletal muscle fiber triad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue The skeletal muscle fiber structure comprised of the transverse tubule and the two associated terminal cisternae; each fiber normally has thousands of triads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004058 biliary ductule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure One of the fine terminal elements of the bile duct system, leaving the portal canal, and pursuing a course at the periphery of a lobule of the liver[BTO]. the excretory ducts of the liver that connect the interlobular ductules to the right or left hepatic duct[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004059 spinal cord medial motor column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003990 spinal cord motor column The subclasses of motor neurons which project their axons to axial muscles that lie close to the vertebral column; motor neurons in the lateral subdivision of the MMC project their axons to body wall muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004060 neural tube ventricular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034706 proliferating neuroepithelium The layer of undifferentiated, proliferating cells that line the neural tube lumen that is the immediate transformation of the germinal neuroepithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004061 neural tube mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034707 differentiating neuroepithelium The layer of glia and differentiating neurons that forms as a second layer around the germinal neuroepithium; as this develops it comes to lie between the ventricular and marginal layers and includes the basal and alar plates. Develops into neurons and glia forming a gray matter layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004062 neural tube marginal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure The outermost layer of the neural tube that consists of axons from the developing mantle layer and will form the white matter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004063 spinal cord alar plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005882 neural tube alar plate The region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses; the alar plate develops into the dorsal horn in the grey matter of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004064 neural tube basal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The region of the mantle layer of the neural tube that lies ventral to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily motor neurons and interneurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004066 frontonasal prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009292 embryonic nasal process The unpaired embryonic prominence that is formed by the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle and develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004067 lateral nasal prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009292 embryonic nasal process The lateral area of the two branches of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling in the future nasal region of the embryo; it separates the olfactory pit from the developing eye and the ala of the nose/snout develops from it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004068 medial nasal prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009292 embryonic nasal process The central area of the two limbs of a horseshoe-shaped mesenchymal swelling that lie medial to the olfactory placode or pit in the future nasal region of the embryo; it joins with the ipsilateral maxillary prominence in the formation of half of the upper jaw, and the nasal tip and philtrum of the upper lip develop from it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004069 accessory olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The forebrain region that coordinates sensory signaling arising from the vomeronasal organ; it is located on the dorsal-posterior portion of the main olfactory bulb, and the axons that leave the accessory olfactory bulb project to targets in the amygdala and hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004004 cerebellum lobule The region of a cerebellar lobule that resides in the central section of the cerebellum between the two hemispheres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004073 cerebellum interpositus nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008995 nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex The nucleus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004074 cerebellum vermis lobule I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule Missing definition for term UBERON:0004074. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004075 cerebellum vermis lobule II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule Missing definition for term UBERON:0004075. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004076 cerebellum vermis lobule III http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule Missing definition for term UBERON:0004076. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004078 cerebellum vermis lobule IX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule The uvula (uvular lobe) forms a considerable portion of the inferior vermis; it is separated on either side from the tonsil by the sulcus valleculC&, at the bottom of which it is connected to the tonsil by a ridge of gray matter, indented on its surface by shallow furrows, and hence called the furrowed band. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004079 cerebellum vermis lobule V http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule Missing definition for term UBERON:0004079. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004080 cerebellum vermis lobule VI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule Missing definition for term UBERON:0004080. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004082 cerebellum vermis lobule VIII http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule Missing definition for term UBERON:0004082. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004083 cerebellum vermis lobule X http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule Missing definition for term UBERON:0004083. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004084 genital labium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480029 skin of external genitalia One of the folds of skin which form the inner lips (labia minora) and outer lips (labia majora) on both sides of the vaginal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004087 vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013768 great vessel of heart Any of the veins that carries deoxygenated blood from a part of the body into the right atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004088 orbital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head The subdivision of the face that includes the eye (eyeball plus adnexa such as eyelids) and the orbit of the skull and associated parts of the face such as the eyebrows, if present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004089 midface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head The middle of the face including the nose and its associated bony structures[MW]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004090 periorbital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Missing definition for term UBERON:0004090. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004096 odontoid process of cervical vertebra 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004530 bony projection The toothlike process on the upper surface of the axis, which articulates with the atlas above[GAID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004099 joint space of elbow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space Joint cavity shared by all the joints of the elbow. The elbow joint is a compound joint that actually comprises three separate joints: the joints connecting the upper and lower arm: 1) Articulatio humero-ulnaris and 2) Articulatio humero-radialis as well as the proximal joint connecting the forarm bones: 3) Articulatio radio-ulnaris proximalis. All three share a joint cavity which is highly sinuated/scalloped/coved. Joint spaces of the elbow summarizes the joint cavity shared by all three adjoining joints of the elbow joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004100 renal collecting system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that connect the nephrons to the ureter. It participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004103 alveolar ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure One of the two jaw ridges either on the roof of the mouth between the upper teeth and the hard palate or on the bottom of the mouth behind the lower teeth[WP]. The alveolar ridges contain the sockets (alveoli) of the teeth[HP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004104 hairline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line Anatomical line demarcating the boundary between forehead and scalp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004105 subungual region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster Region beneath a nail or claw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004109 cortex of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005808 bone tissue of long bone The outer or sperficial part of the humerus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Any tube, opening or passage that connects two distinct anatomical spaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004113 muscle of auditory ossicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002376 cranial muscle A muscle of the tympanic cavity that attaches to an auditory ossicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004114 tympanic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010064 open anatomical space Small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004115 blood vessel of tympanic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003496 head blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a tympanic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004116 nerve of tympanic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A nerve that is part of a tympanic cavity [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004118 vasculature of iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002203 vasculature of eye A vasculature that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004122 genitourinary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with the production and excretion of urine and those concerned with reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004123 myocardial layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005983 heart layer Any of the layers of the myocardium. Example: compact layer, trabecular layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004124 myocardium trabecular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004123 myocardial layer The layer of the myocardium composed of projections of contractile myocytes. The trabecular layer is bounded internally by the endocardium. In zebrafish, unlike the trabeculations of higher vertebrates, both atrial and ventricular trabeculae have more strut-like character, and are more uniform without apparent regional differences[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004125 myocardial compact layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004123 myocardial layer Outer dense layer of the myocardium uniting the epicardium and myocardium[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004126 trabecular layer of ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004124 myocardium trabecular layer A myocardium trabecular layer that is part of a cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004127 compact layer of ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004125 myocardial compact layer The outer layer the ventricular myocardium, muscle fibers are arranged in a compact form and involved the entire ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004128 optic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup[GO]. Portion of tissue that is comprised of neuroepitheium which has pinched off from the anterior neural keel and will form the optic cup[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004130 cerebellar layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016548 central nervous system gray matter layer A cortical cell layer of the cerebellum. Examples: the granular (inner+outer) layer, molecular layer, Purkinje cell layer, and the ventricular layer of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004132 trigeminal sensory nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002925 trigeminal nucleus The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. The nucleus is divided into three parts, from rostral to caudal (top to bottom in humans): * The mesencephalic nucleus * The chief sensory nucleus (or pontine nucleus or main sensory nucleus or primary nucleus) * The spinal trigeminal nucleus[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004133 salivatory nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus Missing definition for term UBERON:0004133. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004134 proximal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006853 renal cortex tubule In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004135 distal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that consists of the distal convoluted tubule and distal straight tubule segments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004136 intermediate tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule The intermediate tubule is a nephron tubule that lies between the proximal and distal tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004139 cardiogenic plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The first recognizable structure derived from the heart field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004140 primary heart field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage A specific region of the lateral mesoderm that will form the primary beating heart tube. In mammals the primary heart field gives rise to the left ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004141 heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004142 outflow tract septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002099 cardiac septum The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004145 outflow tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004146 His-Purkinje system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle The His-Purkinje system receives signals from the AV node and is composed of the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004148 cardiac vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013140 systemic vein Vein of heart that drains the myocardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004150 coronary sinus valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000946 cardiac valve Vestigial cardiac valve which is continuous with the valve of the inferior vena cava[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004151 cardiac chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A cardiac chamber surrounds an enclosed cavity within the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004160 proepicardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme An embryonic group of progenitor cells that forms from an outpouching of the septum transversum near the venous pole of the heart and gives rise to the epicardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004161 septum transversum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme A thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions. It gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm[VHOG]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004167 orbitofrontal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015593 frontal gyrus The region of the cerebral cortex covering the basal surface of the frontal lobes; this region normally controls emotion and decision making. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004170 spinal cord ventral commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007838 spinal cord white commissure The band of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord ventral to the central canal and posterior grey commissure[MP]. The anterior (or ventral) white commissure, also known as the alba anterior medullae spinalis, is a bundle of nerve fibers which cross the midline of the spinal cord just anterior to the gray commissure. A N4 fibers and C fibers carrying pain sensation in the spinothalamic tract contribute to this commissure, as do fibers of the anterior corticospinal tract, which carry motor signals from the primary motor cortex[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004175 internal genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004176 external genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004177 hemopoietic organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Organ that is part of the hematopoietic system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004178 aorta smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004695 arterial system smooth muscle The nonstriated, involuntary muscle tissue located in the wall of the aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004180 mammary gland fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003584 mammary gland connective tissue The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004182 mammary gland cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct The solid cord of epithelial cells that emerges from the mammary bud and grows down from the primary mammary mesenchyme and into a second stromal compartment, the fat pad precursor, beneath the dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004183 placental labyrinth blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022358 placenta blood vessel The embryonic vessels grow through the layer to come in close contact with the maternal blood supply. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004184 prostate gland stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004185 endodermal part of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract A portions of the gut that is derived from endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004186 olfactory bulb mitral cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004001 olfactory bulb layer The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004187 Harderian gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015153 medial gland of ocular region The Harderian gland is an anterior orbital gland usually associated with the nictitating membrane, and produces and secretes a variety of substances to the eye, depending upon the species[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004188 glomerular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus. The glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004189 glomerular endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004190 renal glomerulus vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006544 kidney vasculature The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004193 loop of Henle ascending limb thin segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule A sub-portion of the loop of Henle in the nephron of the kidney that is permeable to ions but not to water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004198 comma-shaped body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004199 S-shaped body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004200 kidney pyramid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Kidney pyramids are the conical arrangements of tubules that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004201 kidney outer medulla inner stripe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thick and thin portions of nephron tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004202 kidney outer medulla outer stripe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The outer stripe is the region of the kidney that lies distal to the line of termination of the straight renal tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004203 cortical collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004204 outer medullary collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001232 collecting duct of renal tubule The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004205 inner medullary collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001232 collecting duct of renal tubule The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004208 nephrogenic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004209 renal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007503 epithelial vesicle The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004211 nephron epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004819 kidney epithelium The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004212 glomerular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003527 kidney capillary The small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receives blood from the kidney afferent arterioles; these capillaries are under high pressure for filtering within the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004214 upper leg nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003431 leg nerve A nerve that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004215 back nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004216 lower arm nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003433 arm nerve A nerve that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004217 upper arm nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003433 arm nerve A nerve that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004218 lower leg nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003431 leg nerve A nerve that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004219 urethra smooth muscle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004220 large intestine smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004221 intestine smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a large intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004221 intestine smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004226 gastrointestinal system smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004222 stomach smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004226 gastrointestinal system smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a stomach [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004223 vagina smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004224 muscular coat of vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034933 layer of smooth muscle tissue A muscular coat that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004225 respiratory system smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004226 gastrointestinal system smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004227 kidney pelvis smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue The smooth muscle tissue surrounding the urothelium of the kidney pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004228 urinary bladder smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004229 urinary bladder trigone smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004228 urinary bladder smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004230 urinary bladder neck smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004228 urinary bladder smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004231 anal region smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004232 lymphatic vessel smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004233 lower respiratory tract smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004225 respiratory system smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004234 iris smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003386 smooth muscle of eye A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004235 mammary gland smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a mammary gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004236 arteriole smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004695 arterial system smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arteriole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004237 blood vessel smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue Smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004238 spleen smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a spleen [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004239 small intestine smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004221 intestine smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a small intestine [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004240 gallbladder smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004241 main bronchus smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004242 bronchus smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004242 bronchus smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004233 lower respiratory tract smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004243 prostate gland smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008715 muscle tissue of prostate A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004245 oviduct smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a fallopian tube [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004246 outflow tract smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004247 bone of dorsum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005174 dorsal region element A bone that is part of the dorsal region of an animal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004248 pedal digit bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012359 pedal digitopodium bone A bone that is part of a hindlimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004249 manual digit bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012358 manual digitopodium bone A bone that is part of a forelimb digit. Typically phalanges but may include sesamoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004250 upper arm bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003460 arm bone A bone that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004251 hindlimb zeugopod bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005893 leg bone A bone that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004252 hindlimb stylopod muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001383 muscle of leg Any muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg)[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004253 skin muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ Any muscle organ that is part of a skin of body [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004254 forelimb zeugopod muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001499 muscle of arm Any muscle organ that is part of a forelimb zeugopod (lower arm)[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004255 forelimb stylopod muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001499 muscle of arm Any muscle organ that is part of a forelimb stylopod (upper arm)[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004256 hindlimb zeugopod muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001383 muscle of leg Any muscle organ that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod (lower leg) [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004257 upper leg blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003503 leg blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004258 back blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004259 lower arm blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003507 arm blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004260 upper arm blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003507 arm blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004261 lower leg blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003503 leg blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004262 upper leg skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001511 skin of leg A zone of skin that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004263 upper arm skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002427 arm skin A zone of skin that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004264 lower leg skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001511 skin of leg A zone of skin that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004265 outflow tract myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002349 myocardium A myocardium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004266 upper leg connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003569 leg connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004267 back connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004268 lower arm connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003573 arm connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004269 upper arm connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003573 arm connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004270 lower leg connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003569 leg connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004271 outflow tract pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A pericardium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004273 cartilaginous joint suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture A cranial suture that is part of a cartilaginous joint [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004274 lateral ventricle choroid plexus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003911 choroid plexus epithelium A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004275 third ventricle choroid plexus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003911 choroid plexus epithelium A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004276 fourth ventricle choroid plexus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003911 choroid plexus epithelium A choroid plexus epithelium that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004277 eye muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A muscle that is part of the eye region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004288 skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004290 dermomyotome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016888 transitional anatomical structure The bilaminar epithelium formed from the myotome and dermatome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004291 heart rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium A cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004292 cardiac skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Dense connective tissue that separates the atria from the ventricles and provides physical support for the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004293 parasympathetic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is part of a parasympathetic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004294 glomerular capillary endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004189 glomerular endothelium An endothelium that is part of a glomerular capillary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004295 sympathetic nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002464 nerve trunk A nerve trunk that is part of a sympathetic nervous system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004296 respiratory system lymphatic vessel smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004232 lymphatic vessel smooth muscle A lymphatic vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004297 respiratory system blood vessel smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004237 blood vessel smooth muscle A blood vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003221 phalanx Distal-most phalanx within a digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004301 middle phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003221 phalanx A phalanx located between proximal and distal phalanges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003221 phalanx Proximal-most phalanx within a digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004311 distal phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014484 distal phalanx of digit 2 A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004312 distal phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014485 distal phalanx of digit 3 A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004313 distal phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014486 distal phalanx of digit 4 A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004314 distal phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014487 distal phalanx of digit 5 A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004315 distal phalanx of pedal digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014483 distal phalanx of digit 1 A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004316 distal phalanx of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014484 distal phalanx of digit 2 A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004317 distal phalanx of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014485 distal phalanx of digit 3 A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004318 distal phalanx of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014486 distal phalanx of digit 4 A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004319 distal phalanx of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014487 distal phalanx of digit 5 A distal phalanx that is part of a foot digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004320 middle phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014488 middle phalanx of digit 2 A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004321 middle phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014489 middle phalanx of digit 3 A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004322 middle phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014490 middle phalanx of digit 4 A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004323 middle phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014491 middle phalanx of digit 5 A middle phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004324 middle phalanx of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014488 middle phalanx of digit 2 A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004325 middle phalanx of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014489 middle phalanx of digit 3 A middle phalanx that is part of a foot digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004326 middle phalanx of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014490 middle phalanx of digit 4 A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004327 middle phalanx of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014491 middle phalanx of digit 5 A middle phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004328 proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014502 proximal phalanx of digit 2 A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004329 proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014503 proximal phalanx of digit 3 A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004330 proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014504 proximal phalanx of digit 4 A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004331 proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014505 proximal phalanx of digit 5 A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004332 proximal phalanx of pedal digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014501 proximal phalanx of digit 1 A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004333 proximal phalanx of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014502 proximal phalanx of digit 2 A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004334 proximal phalanx of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014503 proximal phalanx of digit 3 A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004335 proximal phalanx of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014504 proximal phalanx of digit 4 A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004336 proximal phalanx of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014505 proximal phalanx of digit 5 A proximal phalanx that is part of a pedal digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004337 distal phalanx of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014483 distal phalanx of digit 1 A distal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004338 proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014501 proximal phalanx of digit 1 A proximal phalanx that is part of a hand digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004339 vault of skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Upper part of skull, consisting of parietals, frontals, post-parietals, and in some species the squamosal and a portion of the alisphenoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004340 allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005631 extraembryonic membrane A membranous sac that develops from the posterior part of the alimentary canal in the embryos of mammals, birds, and reptiles, and it is important in the formation of the umbilical cord and placenta in mammals[VHOG]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004341 primitive streak http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The primitive streak is a structure that forms during the early stages of avian, reptilian and mammalian embryonic development[WP]. the midline ridge of the embryonic epiblast that later develops into mesoderm and endoderm[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004344 cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein Any of the four veins in the developing vertebrate embryo which run along each side of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004345 trophectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue Outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004346 gubernaculum (male or female) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament Embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004347 limb bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004357 paired limb/fin bud An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb. The limb bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004348 optic eminence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The embryonic structure that gives rise to the corneal ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004353 female inguinal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An inguinal canal that is part of a female organism. Conveys the round ligament + the ilioinguinal nerve.[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004354 male inguinal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An inguinal canal that is part of a male organism. Conveys the spermatic cord and its coverings + the ilioinguinal nerve.[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004356 apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Multilayered ectodermal region at the distal tip of a limb or fin bud necessary for the proper development of the underlying mesenchyme[MP,modified]. Along with the zone of polarizing activity, it is a crucial organizing region during limb development[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004357 paired limb/fin bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure An outgrowth on the lateral trunk of the embryo that develops into a limb or paired fin. The limb/fin bud is divided into ectoderm and mesenchyme[cjm, modified from MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004358 caput epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The head of the epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004359 corpus epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The body of the epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004360 cauda epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The tail of the epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004361 stylohyoid ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The fibrous cord that connects the tip of the styloid process of the temporal bone to the lesser horn of the hyoid bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004362 pharyngeal arch 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch The first of the series of pharyngeal arches that develop into jaw bones or their homologs, and their associated nerves and arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004364 ectoplacental cone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Thickened trophoblast of the blastocyst in rodents that becomes the fetal portion of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004365 vitelline blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel Blood vessel that is connected to the yolk sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004366 extraembryonic ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure Layer of the endoderm of the extraembryonic tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004367 Descemet's membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A transparent homogeneous acellular layer found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004368 Reichert's cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A continuous cartilaginous formation in mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch in the embryo. The longer cranial or styloid segment is continuous with the otic capsule; its inferior end is angulated and is situated very close to the oropharynx. The smaller caudal segment is in contact with the body and greater horn of the hyoid cartilaginous structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004369 Reichert's membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 membranous layer An nonvascular extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal parietal endoderm; required for the maternofetal exchange of nutrients and is important for the postgastrulation development[MP]. a thick multilayered basement membrane between the parietal endoderm cells and the trophoblast cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004370 anterior limiting lamina of cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A transparent homogeneous acellular layer, 6 to 9 um thick, lying between the basal lamina of the outer layer of stratified epithelium and the substantia propria of the cornea; it is considered to be a basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004374 vitelline vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature Vascular network that is connected to the yolk sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004375 bone of free limb or fin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010740 bone of appendage girdle complex A bone that is part of an appendage [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004377 distal metaphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001438 metaphysis A metaphysis that is in the distal side of a diaphysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004378 proximal metaphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001438 metaphysis A metaphysis that is in the proximal side of a diaphysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004379 distal epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001437 epiphysis An epiphysis that is on the distal side of the bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004380 proximal epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001437 epiphysis An epiphysis that is on the proximal side of the bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004381 skeleton of limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011582 paired limb/fin skeleton The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004382 epiphysis of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004383 epiphysis of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004384 epiphysis of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004385 epiphysis of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004386 epiphysis of ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of an ulna [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004387 epiphysis of phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004446 epiphysis of phalanx An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004388 epiphysis of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004389 epiphysis of metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011973 epiphysis of phalanx of pes An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004391 epiphysis of first metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004392 epiphysis of second metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004393 epiphysis of third metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004394 epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004395 epiphysis of first metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004389 epiphysis of metatarsal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004396 epiphysis of second metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004389 epiphysis of metatarsal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004397 epiphysis of third metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004389 epiphysis of metatarsal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004398 epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004389 epiphysis of metatarsal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004399 epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004389 epiphysis of metatarsal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004400 bone tissue of epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005808 bone tissue of long bone A portion of bone tissue that is part of a epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004401 bone tissue of distal epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004400 bone tissue of epiphysis A portion of bone tissue that is part of a distal epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004402 bone tissue of proximal epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004400 bone tissue of epiphysis A portion of bone tissue that is part of a proximal epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004403 periosteum of epiphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016896 periosteum of long bone A periosteum that is part of a epiphysis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004404 distal epiphysis of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004382 epiphysis of humerus A distal epiphysis that is part of a humerus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004405 distal epiphysis of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004383 epiphysis of tibia A distal epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004406 distal epiphysis of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004384 epiphysis of femur A distal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004407 distal epiphysis of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004385 epiphysis of radius A distal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004408 distal epiphysis of ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004386 epiphysis of ulna A distal epiphysis that is part of a ulna [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004409 distal epiphysis of phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004448 distal epiphysis of phalanx A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004410 distal epiphysis of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004388 epiphysis of fibula A distal epiphysis that is part of a fibula [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004411 proximal epiphysis of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004382 epiphysis of humerus The upper extremity of the humerus (proximal humerus) consists of a large rounded head joined to the body by a constricted portion called the neck, and two eminences, the greater and lesser tubercles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004412 proximal epiphysis of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004384 epiphysis of femur A proximal epiphysis that is part of a femur [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004413 proximal epiphysis of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004385 epiphysis of radius A proximal epiphysis that is part of a radius [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004414 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004447 proximal epiphysis of phalanx A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004415 proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004389 epiphysis of metatarsal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004416 proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004417 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004414 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 1 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004418 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004414 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 2 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004419 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004414 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 3 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004420 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004414 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 4 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004421 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004414 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 5 phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004422 proximal epiphysis of first metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004416 proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004423 proximal epiphysis of second metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004416 proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004424 proximal epiphysis of third metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004416 proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004425 proximal epiphysis of fourth metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004416 proximal epiphysis of metacarpal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004426 proximal epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011104 epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004427 proximal epiphysis of first metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004415 proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004428 proximal epiphysis of second metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004415 proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004429 proximal epiphysis of third metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004415 proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004430 proximal epiphysis of fourth metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004415 proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004431 proximal epiphysis of fifth metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004415 proximal epiphysis of metatarsal bone A proximal epiphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone of digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004432 proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011979 epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004433 proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011979 epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004434 proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011979 epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004435 proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011979 epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004436 proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011978 epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004437 proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011978 epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004438 proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011978 epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004439 proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011978 epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004440 proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011977 epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004441 proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011977 epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004442 proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011977 epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004443 proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011977 epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004444 proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011979 epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004445 proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011977 epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004446 epiphysis of phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004447 proximal epiphysis of phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004446 epiphysis of phalanx A proximal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004448 distal epiphysis of phalanx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004446 epiphysis of phalanx A distal epiphysis that is part of a phalanx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004449 cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery One of three main pairs of arteries and their branches, which irrigate the cerebrum of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004451 trunk or cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002412 vertebra A vertebra in the trunk or cervical region. Includes all cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, but excludes caudal vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004452 carpal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008785 upper limb segment A mesopodium that is part of a manus. Includes as parts the carpal skeleton and associated tissues[cjm]. The anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of the metacarpus or five metacarpal bones and the series of joints between these bones, thus referred to as wrist joints. This region also includes the carpal tunnel, the anatomical snuff box, the flexor retinaculum, and the extensor retinaculum[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004453 metacarpus region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009877 metapodium region A metapodium region that is part of a manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004454 tarsal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008784 lower limb segment Mesopodial segment of the pes, including the tarsal skeleton and associated tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004455 neurula embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo An embryo at the neurula stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004456 entire sense organ system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Sum of all sensory systems in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004461 skeletal musculature of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008229 craniocervical region musculature Any collection of skeletal muscles that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004462 musculature of body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a body wall [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004463 musculature of hindlimb stylopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004466 musculature of leg Any collection of muscles that is part of a hindlimb stylopod (upper leg / thigh)[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004464 musculature of thorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004479 musculature of trunk Any collection of muscles that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004465 musculature of neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004466 musculature of leg http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004482 musculature of lower limb Any collection of muscles that is part of a lower leg or upper leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004467 musculature of pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature The collection of muscles that acts on the pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004469 musculature of back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a back [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004470 musculature of pelvic girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014792 musculature of pelvic complex Any collection of muscles that is part of a pelvic girdle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004471 musculature of pectoral girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014793 musculature of pectoral complex A subdivision of the musculature of the body in the pectoral girdle region. Includes pectoral and shoulder muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004473 musculature of face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008229 craniocervical region musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004474 musculature of arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004481 musculature of upper limb Any collection of muscles that is part of an arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004475 musculature of hip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature The collection of muscles that form attachments to the hip skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004476 musculature of shoulder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature The collection of muscles that form attachments to the shoulder skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004478 musculature of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The collection of muscles that are part of the larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004479 musculature of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a trunk [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004480 musculature of limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007271 appendage musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a limb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004481 musculature of upper limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007269 pectoral appendage musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004482 musculature of lower limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007270 pelvic appendage musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004486 musculature of perineum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004479 musculature of trunk Any collection of muscles that is part of a perineum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004487 musculature of forelimb zeugopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004474 musculature of arm Any collection of muscles that is part of a lower arm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004488 musculature of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004482 musculature of lower limb Any collection of muscles that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004489 musculature of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004481 musculature of upper limb Any collection of muscles that is part of a manus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004490 cardiac muscle tissue of atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004493 cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of an atrium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004491 cardiac muscle tissue of interatrial septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004492 cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a interatrial septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004492 cardiac muscle tissue of cardiac septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001133 cardiac muscle tissue A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a cardiac septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004493 cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001133 cardiac muscle tissue A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a myocardium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004494 cardiac muscle tissue of papillary muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle A portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a papillary muscle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004495 skeletal muscle tissue of diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004830 respiratory system skeletal muscle A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a diaphragm [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004498 skeletal muscle tissue of quadriceps femoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a quadriceps femoris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004499 skeletal muscle tissue of tibialis anterior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tibialis anterior [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004500 skeletal muscle tissue of deltoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a deltoid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004505 skeletal muscle tissue of orbicularis oculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003269 skeletal muscle tissue of eye A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a orbicularis oculi [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004506 skeletal muscle tissue of masseter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a masseter [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004507 skeletal muscle tissue of temporalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a temporalis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004508 skeletal muscle tissue of levator palpebrae superioris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a levator palpebrae superioris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004509 skeletal muscle tissue of trapezius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a trapezius [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004515 smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004233 lower respiratory tract smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004516 smooth muscle tissue of terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004515 smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004517 smooth muscle tissue of respiratory bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004515 smooth muscle tissue of bronchiole A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004518 muscle of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate A muscle that is attached to a vertebra of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004519 muscle of anal triangle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002379 perineal muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a anal part of perineum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004520 striated muscle tissue of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008715 muscle tissue of prostate A portion of striated muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004521 vasculature of muscle organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ A vasculature that is part of a muscle organ [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004522 vasculature of musculoskeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vasculature that is part of a musculoskeletal system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004523 papillary muscle of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002494 papillary muscle of heart A papillary muscle that is part of a right ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004524 papillary muscle of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002494 papillary muscle of heart A papillary muscle that is part of a left ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004525 cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003452 trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue A portion of trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004526 cardiac muscle tissue of trabecula carnea of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003452 trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue A portion of trabecula carnea cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004527 alveolar process of maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004103 alveolar ridge The thickened ridge of bone that contains the tooth sockets on the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004528 alveolar ridge of mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004103 alveolar ridge The thickened ridge of bone that contains the tooth sockets on the mandible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004529 anatomical projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768 morphological feature A projection or outgrowth of tissue from a larger body or organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004530 bony projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection Anatomical projection that is composed of bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004533 left testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A testis that is in the left side of the genitalia [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004534 right testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A testis that is in the right side of the genitalia [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004536 lymph vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A network of blunt ended vessels lacking direct connection to the blood vascular system. These vessels collect and drain fluids and macromolecules from interstitial spaces throughout the animal. They derive from a subpopulation of endothelial cells and have walls that are much thinner than the blood carrying vessels. Lymphatic vessels are usually classified as either superficial or deep. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004537 blood vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vascular network consisting of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004538 left kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 kidney A kidney that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004539 right kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 kidney A kidney that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004544 epididymis epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct The layer of secretory cells which lines the epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004545 external capsule of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002437 cerebral hemisphere white matter Any of the series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain that run between the most lateral segment of the lentiform nucleus and the claustrum; the white matter of the external capsule contains fibers known as corticocortical association fibers which are responsible for connecting the cerebral cortex to another cortical area; the capsule appears as a thin white sheet of white matter and provides a route for cholinergic fibers from the basal forebrain to the cerebral cortex; it eventually joins the internal capsule around the lentiform nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004546 cribriform plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A zone of the ethmoid that is received into the ethmoidal notch of the frontal bone and roofs in the nasal cavities. [WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004547 decidua capsularis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure The layer of uterine endometrium overlying the implanted chorionic vesicle and facing the uterine cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004548 left eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An eye that is part of a left side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004549 right eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An eye that is part of a right side of organism [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004550 gastroesophageal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011185 gastrointestinal sphincter The thick circular layer of smooth gastric musculature encircling the gastroesophageal junction that functions to reduce backflow into the esophagus from the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004552 digital artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003514 limb blood vessel An artery that is part of a digit [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004553 forelimb digital artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004552 digital artery A digital artery that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004554 hindlimb digital artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004552 digital artery A digital artery that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004571 systemic arterial system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007798 vascular system The part of the arterial system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004572 arterial system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007798 vascular system The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery of the systemic circulation, which is the part of the cardiovascular system which carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004581 systemic venous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature The part of the venous system that drains the general body tissues[Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004582 venous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007798 vascular system The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all venous vessels. In vertebrates with a double circulation, this can be divided into systemic and pulmonary portions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004590 sphincter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ A structure, usually a circular muscle, that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004612 mammalian cervical vertebra 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002413 cervical vertebra The third of the seven cervical vertebrae[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004613 mammalian cervical vertebra 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002413 cervical vertebra The fourth of the seven cervical vertebrae[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004614 mammalian cervical vertebra 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002413 cervical vertebra The fifth of the seven cervical vertebrae[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004615 mammalian cervical vertebra 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002413 cervical vertebra The sixth of the seven cervical vertebrae[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004616 mammalian cervical vertebra 7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002413 cervical vertebra Vertebra prominens is the proper name for the seventh cervical vertebra. The most distinctive characteristic of this vertebra is the existence of a long and prominent spinous process which is palpable from the skin surface, hence the name. This spinous process is thick, nearly horizontal in direction, not bifurcated, but terminating in a tubercle to which the lower end of the ligamentum nuchae is attached. The seventh cervical vertebra (C7) has the most prominent spinous process only in about 70% of people; in the remainder, either C6 or T1 (the first thoracic vertebra) will be the most prominent. The transverse processes are of considerable size, their posterior roots are large and prominent, while the anterior are small and faintly marked; the upper surface of each has usually a shallow sulcus for the eighth spinal nerve, and its extremity seldom presents more than a trace of bifurcation. The foramen transversarium may be as large as that in the other cervical vertebrae, but is generally smaller on one or both sides; occasionally it is double, sometimes it is absent. On the left side it occasionally gives passage to the vertebral artery; more frequently the vertebral vein traverses it on both sides; but the usual arrangement is for both artery and vein to pass in front of the transverse process, and not through the foramen. Sometimes the anterior root of the transverse process attains a large size and exists as a separate bone, which is known as a cervical rib. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004617 lumbar vertebra 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002414 lumbar vertebra The first lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004618 lumbar vertebra 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002414 lumbar vertebra The second lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004619 lumbar vertebra 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002414 lumbar vertebra The third lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004620 lumbar vertebra 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002414 lumbar vertebra The fourth lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004621 lumbar vertebra 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002414 lumbar vertebra The fifth lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004626 thoracic vertebra 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The first thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004627 thoracic vertebra 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The second thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004628 thoracic vertebra 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The third thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004629 thoracic vertebra 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The fourth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004630 thoracic vertebra 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The fifth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004631 thoracic vertebra 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The sixth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004632 thoracic vertebra 7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The seventh thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004633 thoracic vertebra 9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The ninth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004634 thoracic vertebra 10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The tenth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004635 thoracic vertebra 11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The eleventh thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004636 thoracic vertebra 12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The twelfth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004637 otic capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element The capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004638 blood vessel endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium An endothelium that lines the blood vasculature. Other endothelia may line lymph vessels, the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004639 renal afferent arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003644 kidney arterial blood vessel The blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery, convey blood to the glomerular capillaries, and play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure as a part of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004640 renal efferent arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003644 kidney arterial blood vessel The blood vessels that convey blood from the glomerulocapillary network to the capillary bed of the proximal convoluted tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004641 spleen capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The connective tissue that surrounds the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004642 third ventricle ependyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005357 brain ependyma An ependyma that is part of a third ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004643 lateral ventricle ependyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005357 brain ependyma An ependyma that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004644 fourth ventricle ependyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005357 brain ependyma An ependyma that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004645 urinary bladder urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The epithelial lining of the luminal space of the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004646 infraorbital artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The infraorbital artery is an artery in the head that runs in the maxilla, emerging through the infraorbital foramen, just under the orbit of the eye. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004647 liver lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The polygonal structure of the liver that consists of hepatocytes radiating outward from a hepatic vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004648 esophagus muscularis mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006676 muscularis mucosa A muscularis mucosa that is part of a esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004649 sphenoid bone pterygoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection The process projecting downward from either side of the sphenoid bone, in vertebrates divided into two plates, an inner and an outer (sometimes called the lateral and medial); the posterior nares pass through the space, called the pterygoid fossa, between the processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004650 tongue keratinized epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012329 keratinized stratified squamous epithelium A keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is part of a tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004651 scapula spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The triangular ridge on the dorsal aspect of the scapula which separates the supra- from the infraspinatous fossa and where the trapezius and deltoid muscles are attached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004652 humerus diaphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis The body or shaft of the humerus is almost cylindrical in the upper half of its extent, prismatic and flattened below, and has three borders and three surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004655 zygomatic process of temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection The zygomatic process of the temporal bone is a long, arched process projecting from the lower part of the squamous portion of the temporal bone. It articulates with the zygomatic bone. This process is at first directed lateralward, its two surfaces looking upward and downward; it then appears as if twisted inward upon itself, and runs forward, its surfaces now looking medialward and lateralward. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004657 mandible condylar process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection Articular part of the mandible bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004660 mandible coronoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection A dorsal process on the lower jaw associated with muscle attachment. It may be formed by a separate coronoid bone or as a process of the dentary. In most living (and many extinct) mammals, the most dorsal of the three proximal processes of the jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004662 vertebra lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit Two broad plates directed dorsomedially from the pedicles; these fuse at the dorsal midline, and complete the dorsal wall of the vertebral foramen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004663 aorta wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035965 wall of blood vessel An anatomical wall that is part of an aorta, enclosing the luminal space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004664 aorta tunica adventitia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005734 tunica adventitia of blood vessel The outermost layer of the aorta wall, containing connective tissue and collagen and elastic fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004665 muscular coat of seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscular coat that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004666 interventricular septum membranous part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The membranous portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004667 interventricular septum muscular part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue The muscular portion of the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004668 fourth ventricle aperture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure One of: the 4th ventricle median or lateral apertures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004670 ependyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The thin epithelium-like membrane composed of ependymal cells that lines the ventricular system of the brain and the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004673 trigeminal nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve A nerve root that extends_fibers_into a trigeminal nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004674 facial nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve A nerve root that extends_fibers_into a facial nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004675 hypoglossal nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve A nerve root that extends_fibers_into a hypoglossal nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004677 spinal cord gray commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016570 lamina of gray matter of spinal cord The band of grey substance spanning the midline of the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004679 dentate gyrus molecular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002304 layer of dentate gyrus The molecular layer of the dentate gyrus that is bounded by the pial surface superficially and the dentate gyrus granule cell layer deep. It is divided into 2 or more sublayers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004680 body of fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster Part of fornix adjacent to the crura where they join together at the midline underneath the corpus callosum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004684 raphe nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The raphe nuclei are thin plates of cells in and immediately adjacent to the sagittal plane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004688 costo-cervical trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The costocervical trunk arises from the upper and back part of the subclavian artery, behind the scalenus anterior on the right side, and medial to that muscle on the left side. Passing backward, it splits into the deep cervical artery and the supreme intercostal artery (or the Highest intercostal artery), which descends behind the pleura in front of the necks of the first and second ribs, and anastomoses with the first aortic intercostal (3rd posterior intercostal artery). As it crosses the neck of the first rib it lies medial to the anterior division of the first thoracic nerve, and lateral to the first thoracic ganglion of the sympathetic trunk. In the first intercostal space, it gives off a branch which is distributed in a manner similar to the distribution of the aortic intercostals. The branch for the second intercostal space usually joins with one from the highest aortic intercostal artery. This branch is not constant, but is more commonly found on the right side; when absent, its place is supplied by an intercostal branch from the aorta. Each intercostal gives off a posterior branch which goes to the posterior vertebral muscles, and sends a small spinal branch through the corresponding intervertebral foramen to the medulla spinalis and its membranes. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004691 bulbourethral gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006530 seminal fluid A bodily secretion that is produced by a bulbourethral gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004692 external naris epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035036 naris epithelium An epithelium that is part of an external naris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004693 Peyer's patch epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001277 intestinal epithelium The specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004694 Harderian gland epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium An epithelium that is part of a Harderian gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004695 arterial system smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004696 venous system smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004237 blood vessel smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a venous system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004697 Peyer's patch germinal center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010754 germinal center Area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004698 vena cava endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001919 endothelium of vein An endothelium that is part of a vena cava [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004699 outflow tract endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008307 heart endothelium An endothelium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004700 arterial system endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium An endothelium that is part of an arterial system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004701 venous system endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium An endothelium that is part of a venous system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004702 respiratory system blood vessel endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004807 respiratory system epithelium A blood vessel endothelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004704 bone fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity A depression or hollow in a bone[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004706 bulbus cordis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A transient fetal dilation of the distal (or cranial) heart tube located where the arterial trunk joins the ventral roots of the aortic arches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004707 pharyngula stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage A stage that follows the blastula, gastrula and neurula stages. At the pharyngula stage, all vertebrate embryos show remarkable similarities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004708 paired limb/fin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000026 appendage An appendage that is part of an appendage girdle complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004709 pelvic appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004708 paired limb/fin Paired appendage that consists of the posterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004710 pectoral appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004708 paired limb/fin Paired appendage that consists of the anterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pectoral girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004711 jugular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The jugular veins are veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004714 septum pellucidum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A triangular double membrane, consisting of glial cells and fibers (Heimer, 1996) separating the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles of the brain. It is situated in the median plane and bounded by the corpus callosum and the body and columns of the fornix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004715 annulus fibrosus disci intervertebralis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006444 annulus fibrosus The ring of fibrocartilage and fibrous tissue forming the circumference of the intervertebral disc; surrounds the nucleus pulposus, which is prone to herniation when the annulus fibrosus is compromised. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004716 conceptus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure The embryo and its adnexa (appendages or adjunct parts) or associated membranes (i.e. the products of conception) The conceptus includes all structures that develop from the zygote, both embryonic and extraembryonic. It includes the embryo as well as the embryonic part of the placenta and its associated membranes - amnion, chorion (gestational sac), and yolk sac[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004719 kidney arcuate vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014401 renal venous blood vessel Any of the veins that parallel the arcuate arteries, receive blood from the interlobular veins and straight venules, and terminate in the interlobar veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004721 crista ampullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The crista ampullaris is the sensory organ of rotation located in the semicircular canal of the inner ear. The function of the crista ampullaris is to sense angular acceleration and deceleration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004723 interlobular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003644 kidney arterial blood vessel The branches of the arcuate arteries of the kidney that radiate outward throught the renal columns and supply the glomeruli[MP]. The first set of renal bloodvessels, the interlobular arteries (or cortical radiate arteries, or cortical radial arteries), are given off at right angles from the side of the arcuate arteries looking toward the cortical substance, and pass directly outward between the medullary rays to reach the fibrous tunic, where they end in the capillary network of this part. These vessels do not anastomose with each other, but form what are called end-arteries. In their outward course they give off lateral branches; these are the afferent vessels for the renal corpuscles; they enter the capsule, and end in the glomerulus. From each tuft the corresponding efferent vessel arises, and, having made its egress from the capsule near to the point where the afferent vessel enters, breaks up into a number of branches, which form a dense plexus within Bowman's capsule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004724 medial palpebral ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The medial palpebral ligament (tendo oculi), about 4 mm. in length and 2 mm. in breadth, is attached to the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove. Crossing the lacrimal sac, it divides into two parts, upper and lower, each attached to the medial end of the corresponding tarsus. As the ligament crosses the lacrimal sac, a strong aponeurotic is given off from its posterior surface; this expands over the sac, and is attached to the posterior lacrimal crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004725 piriform cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract; it is located bilaterally in the ventrolateral forebrain and is commonly divided into anterior and posterior regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004726 vasa recta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001140 renal vein In the blood supply of the kidney, the vasa recta renis (or straight arteries of kidney, or straight arterioles of kidney) form a series of straight capillaries in the medulla. They lie parallel to the loop of Henle. These vessels branch off the efferent arterioles of juxtamedullary nephrons (those nephrons closest to the medulla), enter the medulla, and surround the loop of Henle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004727 cochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A nerve in the head that carries signals from the cochlea of the inner ear to the brain. It is part of the vestibulocochlear nerve, the 8th cranial nerve which is found in higher vertebrates; the other portion of the 8th cranial nerve is the vestibular nerve which carries spatial orientation information from the semicircular canals. The cochlear nerve is a sensory nerve, one which conducts to the brain information about the environment, in this case acoustic energy impinging on the tympanic membrane. The cochlear nerve arises from within the cochlea and extends to the brainstem, where its fibers make contact with the cochlear nucleus, the next stage of neural processing in the auditory system[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004729 nematode larval stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000069 larval stage Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004731 neuromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004732 segmental subdivision of nervous system A transverse unitary subdivision of the neural tube that shares a common dorsoventral structure (floor, basal, alar, and roof plates), but each having differential molecular identities and fates; they comprise the secondary prosencephalon, diencephalon (prosomeres), the midbrain (mesomeres), and the hindbrain (rhombomeres). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004732 segmental subdivision of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit Any segmental subdivision of a nervous system. Includes metameric developmental segments, such as vertebrates neuromeres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004733 segmental subdivision of hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004732 segmental subdivision of nervous system An organ subunit that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004734 gastrula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo Organism at the gastrula stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004736 metanephric glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000074 renal glomerulus Glomerulus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004737 metanephric collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A collecting duct of renal tubule that is part of a metanephros [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004738 metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Juxtaglomerular apparatus of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004739 pronephric glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000074 renal glomerulus The glomus forms from the splanchnic intermediate mesoderm and is the vascularized filtration unit, filtering the blood before it enters the tubules. The glomus is external to the nephron and extends over more than one body segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004742 dentary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The dentary is a dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral part of the lower jaw in fishes and amphibians, extending to the whole lower jaw in mammals[VHOG,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004747 supraoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015015 supraoccipital endochondral element Endochondral bone that is located at the dorsal part of the occipital region of the cranium or the dorso-posterior part of the skull[TAP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004749 blastodisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A small, circular, white spot (approximately 2-3 mm across) on the surface of the yellow yolk of an egg that has been laid. The nucleus of the egg is in the germinal disc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004750 blastoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A layer of cells formed at one pole of macrolecithal eggs such as the yolky egg of birds. The yolk prevents the division from taking place through the egg, resulting in meroblastic cleavage during the many cleavage divisions. At the animal pole (containing less yolk than the vegetal pole), the zygote divides and subdivides, forming the blastoderm, which gradually spreads around the yolk and forms the embryo. The blastoderm is composed of two layers, the epiblast and the hypoblast, which enclose the fluid-filled blastocoel cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004753 scapulocoracoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Skeletal element that consists of the scapula and the coracoid[VSAO, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004755 skeletal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A specialized form of connective tissue in which the extracellular matrix is firm, providing the tissue with resilience, and/or mineralized and that functions in mechanical and structural support.[VSAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004756 dermal skeletal element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Dermis-derived entity that is made of skeletal tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004757 rectal salt gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004758 salt gland An evagination of the terminal portion of the intestine that is capable of secreting high concentrations of excess sodium chloride. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004758 salt gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland An organ for excreting excess salts. It is found in elasmobranchs, seabirds, and some reptiles.[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004759 cranial salt gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004758 salt gland A salt gland located in the cranium or head region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004760 gland of anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A gland that is part of an anal canal [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004761 cartilaginous neurocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system The primitive cartilagionous skeletal structure of the fetal skull that grows to envelop the rapidly growing embyonic brain. In humans, the chondrocranium begins forming at 28 days from mesenchymal condensations and is fully formed between week 7 and 9 of fetal development. While the majority of the chondrocranium is succeeded by the bony skull in most higher vertebrates, some components do persist into adulthood.[1] In Cartilagious fishes and Agnathans, the chondrocranium persist throughout life.[2] Embryologically, the chondrocranium represent the basal cranial structure, and lay the base for the formation of the endocranium in higher vertebrates[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004763 endochondral bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue Replacement bone tissue that forms within cartilage[VSAO, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004764 intramembranous bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue Bone tissue that forms directly within mesenchyme, and does not replace other tissues[TAO]. Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone in which osteoblasts secrete a collagen-proteoglycan matrix that binds calcium salts and becomes calcified[GO]. Intramembranous ossification is the way flat bones and the shell of a turtle are formed[GO]. Unlike endochondral ossification, cartilage is not present during intramembranous ossification[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Organ consisting of skeletal tissue. Encompasses whole bones, fused bones, cartilaginious elements, teeth, dermal denticles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004766 cranial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A bone that is part of a cranium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004767 vomerine tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012070 palatal tooth A tooth that is on the vomer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004768 bone of lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012360 bone of jaw Any bone that is part of the lower jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the dentary/mandible, the articular, the splenial, the suprangular. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between the two epiphyses, excluding the metaphyses[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004770 articular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection Anatomical system that consists of all the joints of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004771 posterior nasal aperture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010425 internal naris Opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx[AAO] The choanae are separated by the vomer[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004772 eyelid tarsus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The tarsi (tarsal plates) are two comparatively thick, elongated plates of dense connective tissue, about 2.5 cm. in length; one is found in each eyelid, and contributes to its form and support. They directly abut the lid margins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004773 superior eyelid tarsus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004772 eyelid tarsus An eyelid tarsus that is part of a upper eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004774 inferior eyelid tarsus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004772 eyelid tarsus An eyelid tarsus that is part of a lower eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004775 outer renal medulla vasa recta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014401 renal venous blood vessel A vasa recta that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004776 inner renal medulla vasa recta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014401 renal venous blood vessel A vasa recta that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004777 respiratory system submucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000009 submucosa A submucosa that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004778 larynx submucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004777 respiratory system submucosa A submucosa that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004779 respiratory system lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000030 lamina propria A lamina propria that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004780 gastrointestinal system lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000030 lamina propria A lamina propria that is part of a gastrointestinal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004781 gallbladder lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A lamina propria that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004782 gastrointestinal system serosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane A serous membrane that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004783 gallbladder serosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A serous membrane that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004784 heart ventricle wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037144 wall of heart An anatomical wall that is part of a cardiac ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004785 respiratory system mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa The mucous membrane lining the respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004786 gastrointestinal system mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a gastrointestinal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004787 urethra urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002325 epithelium of urethra An urothelium that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004788 kidney pelvis urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004819 kidney epithelium The epithelial lining of the luminal space of the kidney pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004789 larynx mucous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036225 respiratory system gland A mucous gland that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004790 skin mucous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system A mucous gland that is part of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004791 thymus trabecula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000440 trabecula The thymic connective tissue which extends into the parenchyma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004792 secretion of endocrine pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004795 pancreas secretion A secretion that is part of a endocrine pancreas [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004793 secretion of exocrine pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004795 pancreas secretion A secretion that is part of a exocrine pancreas [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004794 esophagus secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland A secretion that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004795 pancreas secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland A secretion that is part of a pancreas [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004796 prostate gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006530 seminal fluid A bodily secretion that is produced by the prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004797 blood vessel layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer Any of the tissue layers that comprise a blood vessel. Examples: tunica media, tunica adventitia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004801 cervix epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006955 uterine epithelium An epithelium that is part of a uterine cervix [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004802 respiratory tract epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010499 pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium The pseudostratified ciliated epithelium that lines much of the conducting portion of the airway, including part of the nasal cavity and larynx, the trachea, and bronchi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004803 penis epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a penis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004804 oviduct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a oviduct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004805 seminal vesicle epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct An epithelium that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004806 vas deferens epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct An epithelium that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004807 respiratory system epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004808 gastrointestinal system epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004809 salivary gland epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a salivary gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004810 nephron tubule epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004211 nephron epithelium The cellular avascular layer of the renal tubule luminar surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004811 endometrium epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006955 uterine epithelium An epithelium that is part of an endometrium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004812 male prepuce epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004803 penis epithelium An epithelium that is part of a prepuce of penis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004813 seminiferous tubule epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct The stratified epithelial lining of the seminiferous tubules, consisting of the developing spermatozoa and the supporting Sertoli cells, which are tall, columnar type cells that line the tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004814 upper respiratory tract epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004802 respiratory tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a upper respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004815 lower respiratory tract epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004802 respiratory tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lower respiratory tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004816 larynx epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004802 respiratory tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a larynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004817 lacrimal gland epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lacrimal gland [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004819 kidney epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium The cellular avascular layer of the kidney luminar surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004820 bile duct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct Any epithelium that lines one of the bile ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004821 pulmonary alveolus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000487 simple squamous epithelium The epithelial layer of the alveoli[MP]. The layer of cells covering the lining of the tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004822 extrahepatic bile duct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004820 bile duct epithelium An epithelium that is part of a extrahepatic bile duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004823 intrahepatic bile duct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004820 bile duct epithelium An epithelium that is part of a intrahepatic bile duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004827 thyroid gland medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A medulla that is part of a thyroid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004829 urethra skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004830 respiratory system skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004831 esophagus skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003898 skeletal muscle tissue of trunk A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a esophagus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004832 anal region skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of an anal region [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004833 lip skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a lip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004834 hepatic duct smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure Smooth muscle tissue in all or part of a hepatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004835 epididymis smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a epididymis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004848 respiratory system arterial endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004702 respiratory system blood vessel endothelium An endothelium of artery that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004849 respiratory system venous endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004702 respiratory system blood vessel endothelium An endothelium of vein that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004850 lymph node endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium An endothelium that is part of a lymph node [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004851 aorta endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004700 arterial system endothelium The thin layer of flat cells that line the aorta and form a barrier between circulating blood in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium An endothelium that is part of the cardiovascular system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004854 gastrointestinal system mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004782 gastrointestinal system serosa A mesentery that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004857 skeletal muscle connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue A connective tissue that surrounds a skeletal muscle tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004859 eye gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland A gland that is part of a eye. The eye is a compound unit which depending on the species may consist of an eyeballs plus associated ducts and integumentary structures. Eye glands therefore include the various types of lacrimal gland, the various types of apocrine and sebaceous glands associated with the eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004861 right lung alveolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002299 alveolus of lung An alveolus that is part of a right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004862 left lung alveolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002299 alveolus of lung An alveolus that is part of a left lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004863 thoracic sympathetic nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004295 sympathetic nerve trunk A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004864 vasculature of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036302 vasculature of central nervous system plus retina A vasculature that is part of a retina [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004867 orbital cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity Anatomical cavity bounded by the orbital region of the cranium and forming the location of some or all of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004869 parietal organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A part of the epithalamus present in some animal species. The eye may be photoreceptive and is usually associated with the pineal gland, regulating circadian rhythmicity and hormone production for thermoregulation. The parietal eye is a part of the epithalamus, which can be divided into two major parts; the epiphysis (the pineal organ, or pineal gland if mostly endocrine) and the parietal organ (often called the parietal eye, or third eye if it is photoreceptive). It arises as an anterior evagination of the pineal organ or as a separate outgrowth of the roof of the diencephalon. In some species, it protrudes through the skull.[4] The parietal eye uses a different biochemical method of detecting light than rod cells or cone cells in a normal vertebrate eye[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004871 somatic layer of lateral plate mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the future body wall - underlies the ectoderm[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004872 splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Layer of lateral plate mesoderm that forms the circulatory system and future gut wall - overlies endoderm[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004873 splanchnopleure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the inner (or splanchnic) layer adheres to the endoderm, and with it forms the splanchnopleure[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004874 somatopleure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A structure created during embryogenesis when the lateral mesoderm splits into two layers - the outer (or somatic) layer becomes applied to the inner surface of the ectoderm, and with it forms the somatopleure.[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004875 nephrogenic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A portion of the urogenital ridge which is the source of much of the urinary system[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004876 urogenital fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure One of of the pair of folds derived from the cloacal folds which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia; in male embryos they close over the urethral plate and fuse to form the spongy (penile) urethra and ventral aspect of the penis, not including the glans; failure of fusion of the urethral folds leads to hypospadias; in female embryos they fuse only anterior to the anus and form the labia minora[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004877 visceral endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue Visceral endoderm, a population of extraembyonic endoderm, is an extraembryonic tissue that functions in a regulatory capacity but does not contribute directly to the formation of any adult organs[PMID:15905405]. primitive endoderm-derived tissue which remains in contact with and surrounds the extra-embryonic ectoderm and the epiblast and provides signals for the differentiation and patterning of the epiblast; a small number of visceral endoderm cells also contribute to the endoderm of the embryonic gut[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004878 distal visceral endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004877 visceral endoderm Precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004880 chordamesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The central region of trunk mesoderm. This tissue forms the notochord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004883 lung mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme The mass of tissue made up of mesenchymal cells in the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004884 lobar bronchus mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004883 lung mesenchyme The mass of tissue composed of mesenchymal cells in the lobar bronchus.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004889 lobar bronchus vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000102 lung vasculature Vasculature that is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004890 right lung accessory lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006518 right lung lobe A specialized lobe of the right lung that extends to the left side of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004893 interalveolar septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A the thin septum that separates adjacent pulmonary alveoli, containing connective tissue constituents of the respiratory tissue and the capillary network of the blood supply of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004894 alveolar wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A wall that contains the alveoli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004895 alveolar smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004233 lower respiratory tract smooth muscle Alveolar smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the walls of the alveolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004896 right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003404 lobar bronchus of right lung The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus is the major airway within the right lung accessory lobe that starts at the division of the bronchus on the right side and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004897 right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004901 right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme The right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung accessory lobe lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004899 right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004901 right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme The right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung cranial lobe lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004900 right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004901 right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme The right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung middle lobe lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004901 right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009603 right lung associated mesenchyme The right lung lobar bronchus mesenchyme is a type of tissue made up of loosely-packed mesenchymal cells in the right lung lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004902 urogenital sinus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The fetal urogenital sinus (from which the prostate derives) is a simple cylinder of stratified basal epithelium, surrounded by mesenchyme and positioned between the embryonic bladder and pelvic urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004903 bronchoalveolar duct junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction A branch point connecting the respiratory bronchioles to the alveolar ducts[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004904 neuron projection bundle connecting eye with brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000122 neuron projection bundle A neuron projection bundle that connects the retina or its analog in the eye with the brain. This includes the vertebrate optic nerve (not truly a nerve) as well as analogous structures such as the Bolwig nerve in Drosophila. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004905 articulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Anatomical structure that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004906 ectodermal part of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract A portion of the gut that is derived from ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004907 lower digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The region of the digestive tract extending from the beginning of the intestines to the anus[GO - gut definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004908 upper digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The region of the digestive tract extending from the mouth cavity through pharynx esophagus stomach and duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004909 epithelium of gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An epithelium surrounding a gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004910 epithelium of male gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004909 epithelium of gonad An epithelium surrounding a testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004911 epithelium of female gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004909 epithelium of gonad An epithelium surrounding an ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004914 duodenal papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ One of the two small elevations on the mucosa of the duodenum, the major at the entrance of the conjoined pancreatic and common bile ducts and the minor at the entrance of the accessory pancreatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004915 sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011185 gastrointestinal sphincter Muscular valve that controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) through the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. Relaxed by the hormone Cholecystokinin (CCK) via vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004916 anal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004590 sphincter muscle A sphincter muscle that is part of a anal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004917 urethral sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004590 sphincter muscle A sphincter muscle surrounding the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube A proximal-distal subdivision of the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004922 postnatal subventricular zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer A mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the brain ventricles in the adult that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part A part of a wall of an organ that forms a layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004924 submucosa of pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018257 submucosa of digestive tract The tissue underlying the tunica mucosa of the pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004925 submucosa of laryngopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004924 submucosa of pharynx A submucosa that is part of a hypopharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004926 submucosa of cystic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004938 submucosa of biliary tree A submucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004927 submucosa of cecum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003331 submucosa of colon A submucosa that is part of a cecum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004929 submucosa of ascending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003331 submucosa of colon A submucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004930 submucosa of transverse colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003331 submucosa of colon A submucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004931 submucosa of descending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003331 submucosa of colon A submucosa that is part of a descending colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004932 submucosa of sigmoid colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003331 submucosa of colon A submucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004933 submucosa of fundus of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001200 submucosa of stomach A submucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004934 submucosa of body of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001200 submucosa of stomach A submucosa that is part of a body of stomach [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004935 submucosa of cardia of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001200 submucosa of stomach A submucosa that is part of a cardia of stomach [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004936 submucosa of pyloric antrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004937 submucosa of pylorus A submucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004937 submucosa of pylorus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001200 submucosa of stomach A submucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004938 submucosa of biliary tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A submucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004939 submucosa of common bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004938 submucosa of biliary tree A submucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004940 submucosa of common hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004938 submucosa of biliary tree A submucosa that is part of a common hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004941 submucosa of right hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004938 submucosa of biliary tree A submucosa that is part of a right hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004942 submucosa of left hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004938 submucosa of biliary tree A submucosa that is part of a left hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004943 submucosa of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The submucous layer of the wall of the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004944 submucosa of trigone of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004943 submucosa of urinary bladder A submucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004945 submucosa of neck of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004943 submucosa of urinary bladder A submucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004946 submucosa of ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001205 submucosa of small intestine A submucosa that is part of a ileum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004947 submucosa of right main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004949 submucosa of main bronchus A submucosa that is part of a right main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004948 submucosa of left main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004949 submucosa of main bronchus A submucosa that is part of a left main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004949 submucosa of main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001957 submucosa of bronchus A submucosa that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004950 submucosa of lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001957 submucosa of bronchus A submucosa that is part of a lobar bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004951 submucosa of segmental bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001957 submucosa of bronchus A submucosa that is part of a segmental bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004952 submucosa of bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004777 respiratory system submucosa A submucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004980 mucosa of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a ureter [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004982 mucosa of epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004987 mucosa of laryngopharynx A mucosa that is part of a epiglottis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004983 mucosa of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a vagina [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004984 mucosa of seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a seminal vesicle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004985 mucosa of ejaculatory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a ejaculatory duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004986 mucosa of deferent duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004987 mucosa of laryngopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000355 pharyngeal mucosa A mucosa that is part of a hypopharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004988 mucosa of cystic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004999 mucosa of biliary tree A mucosa that is part of a cystic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004990 mucosa of ascending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000317 colonic mucosa A mucosa that is part of an ascending colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004991 mucosa of transverse colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000317 colonic mucosa A mucosa that is part of a transverse colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004992 mucosa of descending colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000317 colonic mucosa A mucosa that is part of a descending colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004993 mucosa of sigmoid colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000317 colonic mucosa A mucosa that is part of a sigmoid colon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004994 mucosa of fundus of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001199 mucosa of stomach A mucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004995 mucosa of body of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001199 mucosa of stomach A mucosa that is part of a body of stomach [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004996 mucosa of cardia of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001199 mucosa of stomach A mucosa that is part of a cardia of stomach [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004997 mucosa of pyloric antrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004998 mucosa of pylorus A mucosa that is part of a pyloric antrum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004998 mucosa of pylorus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001199 mucosa of stomach A mucosa that is part of a pylorus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004999 mucosa of biliary tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a biliary tree [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005000 mucosa of common bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004999 mucosa of biliary tree A mucosa that is part of a common bile duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005001 mucosa of common hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004999 mucosa of biliary tree A mucosa that is part of a common hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005002 mucosa of right hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004999 mucosa of biliary tree A mucosa that is part of a right hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005003 mucosa of left hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004999 mucosa of biliary tree A mucosa that is part of a left hepatic duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005004 mucosa of right ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004980 mucosa of ureter A mucosa that is part of a right ureter [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005005 mucosa of left ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004980 mucosa of ureter A mucosa that is part of a left ureter [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005006 mucosa of renal pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a renal pelvis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005009 mucosa of trigone of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001259 mucosa of urinary bladder A mucosa that is part of a trigone of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005010 mucosa of neck of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001259 mucosa of urinary bladder A mucosa that is part of a neck of urinary bladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005011 mucosa of right uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005048 mucosa of uterine tube A mucosa that is part of a right uterine tube [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005012 mucosa of left uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005048 mucosa of uterine tube A mucosa that is part of a left uterine tube [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005013 mucosa of male urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012299 mucosa of urethra A mucosa that is part of a male urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005014 mucosa of female urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012299 mucosa of urethra A mucosa that is part of a female urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005015 mucosa of prostatic urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005013 mucosa of male urethra A mucosa that is part of a prostatic urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005016 mucosa of intermediate urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012299 mucosa of urethra A mucosa that is part of a membranous urethra [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005017 mucosa of lacrimal sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005043 mucosa of nasolacrimal duct A mucosa that is part of a lacrimal sac [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005018 mucosa of nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a nasal septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005019 mucosa of palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a palate [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005020 mucosa of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003729 mouth mucosa A mucosa that is part of a tongue [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005021 mucosa of sphenoidal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a sphenoidal sinus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005022 mucosa of nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a nasopharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005023 mucosa of oropharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004786 gastrointestinal system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a oropharynx [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005024 mucosa of soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005019 mucosa of palate A mucosa that is part of a soft palate [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005026 mucosa of middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a middle ear [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005027 mucosa of frontal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a frontal sinus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005028 mucosa of maxillary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a maxillary sinus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005030 mucosa of paranasal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that adjacent_to a paranasal sinus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005031 mucosa of upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036294 mucosa of lip A mucosa that is part of a upper lip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005032 mucosa of lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036294 mucosa of lip A mucosa that is part of a lower lip [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005033 mucosa of gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a gallbladder [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005034 mucosa of right main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005036 mucosa of main bronchus A mucosa that is part of a right main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005035 mucosa of left main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005036 mucosa of main bronchus A mucosa that is part of a left main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005036 mucosa of main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000410 bronchial mucosa A mucosa that is part of a main bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005037 mucosa of lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000410 bronchial mucosa A mucosa that is part of a lobar bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005038 mucosa of segmental bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000410 bronchial mucosa A mucosa that is part of a segmental bronchus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005039 mucosa of bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005040 mucosa of terminal bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005039 mucosa of bronchiole A mucosa that is part of a terminal bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005041 mucosa of respiratory bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005039 mucosa of bronchiole A mucosa that is part of a respiratory bronchiole [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005042 inner epithelial layer of tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009647 tympanic membrane epithelium A portion of the tympanic cavity epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005043 mucosa of nasolacrimal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a nasolacrimal duct [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005044 mucosa of pharyngotympanic tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005026 mucosa of middle ear A mucosa that is part of a pharyngotympanic tube [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005045 mucosa of ethmoidal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a ethmoid sinus [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005046 mucosa of hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005019 mucosa of palate A mucosa that is part of a hard palate [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005048 mucosa of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a fallopian tube [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005049 mucosa of infundibulum of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa A mucosa that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005051 mediastinum testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The mediastinum testis is a network of fibrous connective tissue that extends from the upper to near the lower extremity of the testis, and is wider above than below. From its front and sides numerous imperfect septa (trabeculæ) are given off, which radiate toward the surface of the organ, and are attached to the tunica albuginea. They divide the interior of the organ into a number of incomplete spaces, called lobules. These are somewhat cone-shaped, being broad at their bases at the surface of the gland, and becoming narrower as they converge to the mediastinum. The mediastinum supports the rete testis and blood vessels of the testis in their passage to and from the substance of the gland[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ An organ part that is part of a long bone [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005056 external female genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004176 external genitalia An external genitalia that is part of a female reproductive system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005058 hemolymphoid system gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland A gland that is part of a hemolymphoid system [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005061 neural groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The median dorsal longitudinal groove formed in the embryo by the neural plate after the appearance of the neural folds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005062 neural fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure One of the two elevated edges of the neural groove[GO,MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005063 left ventricular compact myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004127 compact layer of ventricle Missing definition for term UBERON:0005063. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005064 left ventricular trabecular myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004126 trabecular layer of ventricle Missing definition for term UBERON:0005064. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005065 right ventricular compact myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004127 compact layer of ventricle Missing definition for term UBERON:0005065. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005066 right ventricular trabecular myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004126 trabecular layer of ventricle Missing definition for term UBERON:0005066. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005068 neural rod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016879 future central nervous system A solid rod of neurectoderm derived from the neural keel. The neural rod is roughly circular in cross section. Neural rod formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts[GO]. An intermediate stage in the development of the central nervous system present during the segmentation period; the neural rod is roughly cylindrical in shape, forms from the neural keel, and is not yet hollowed out into the neural tube[ZFIN]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005070 anterior neuropore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005077 neuropore The neuropore at the anterior (rostral) end of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005071 posterior neuropore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005077 neuropore The neuropore at the posterior (caudal) end of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005075 forebrain-midbrain boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a forebrain and adjacent_to a midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005076 hindbrain-spinal cord boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a hindbrain and adjacent_to a spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005077 neuropore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A temporary opening leading from the central canal of the embryonic neural tube to the exterior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005078 lamina terminalis of neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The anterior-most (rostral) portion of the wall of the neural tube, formed by closure of the anterior neuropore; the median strip of the anterior wall of the prosencephalon, which persists in a relatively unchanged state as the cerebral hemispheres grow out forward beyond the original anterior end of the prosencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005080 metanephric ureteric bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000084 ureteric bud The portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005081 ureter ureteric bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000084 ureteric bud The portion of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter. The ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005082 tube lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A hole in a tube[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005083 nipple sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003244 epithelium of mammary gland A circular ingrowth of the epidermis around the region of the mammary sprout[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005085 ectodermal placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005086 hair follicle placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011817 skin appendage placode A bud-like thickening in the epidermis consisting of elongated keratinocytes, which at the distal end are in touch with numerous aggregated specialized dermal fibroblasts, the dermal condensate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005087 tooth placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode An tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005088 sebaceous gland placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode A sebaceous gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sebaceous gland bud[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005089 sweat gland placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode An sweat gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sweat gland bud[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005090 muscle structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005095 kidney rudiment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Missing definition for term UBERON:0005095. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005096 descending thin limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The descending thin limb is a part of the loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the loop of Henle[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005103 mesonephric epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a mesonephros [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005106 metanephric tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube A metanephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005108 metanephric epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005109 metanephric smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue Any smooth muscle tissue that is part of a metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005110 metanephric nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A metanephric nephron is the functional unit of the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005111 metanephric pyramid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004200 kidney pyramid Metanephric pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a metanephros; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005114 metanephric ascending thin limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule The metanephric ascending thin limb is a segment of a nephron tubule in the metanephros lying in the inner medulla that is permeable to ions but not to water and has a simple epithelium; active transepithelial solute transport is absent[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005115 metanephric cortical collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004203 cortical collecting duct The metanephric cortical collecting duct is the portion of the metanephric collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005116 metanephric descending thin limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005096 descending thin limb It extends to the tip of the metanephric loop of Henle[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005117 metanephric distal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule The metanephric distal convoluted tubule is a portion of the metanephric nephron tubule that connects the metanephric loop of Henle to the collecting duct[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005119 metanephric glomerular mesangium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002320 glomerular mesangium The metanephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the metanephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005122 metanephric macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005134 metanephric nephron epithelium The metanephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the metanephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005124 metanephric proximal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule The metanephric proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the metanephric proximal tubule and extends from the metanephric glomerular capsule to the metanephric proximal straight tubule[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005125 metanephric proximal straight tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule The metanephric proximal straight tubule is the part of the metanephric descending limb that extends from the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule to the metanephric descending thin tubule[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005127 metanephric thick ascending limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005129 metanephric distal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule The metanephric distal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that begins at the metanephric macula densa and extends to the metanephric connecting tubule[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005130 metanephric loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule The metanephric loop of Henle is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule in the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005133 metanephric glomerulus vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004190 renal glomerulus vasculature The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005134 metanephric nephron epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005108 metanephric epithelium The metanephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005135 metanephric glomerular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005134 metanephric nephron epithelium A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005136 metanephric glomerular endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005135 metanephric glomerular epithelium The metanephric glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus of the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005137 metanephric capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The metanephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the metanephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005144 metanephric glomerular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004212 glomerular capillary This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005145 metanephric comma-shaped body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004198 comma-shaped body The metanephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the metanephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005134 metanephric nephron epithelium A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephric nephron, the functional part of the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005147 metanephric renal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005108 metanephric epithelium The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the metanephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005148 metanephric S-shaped body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004199 S-shaped body The metanephric S-shaped body is the successor of the metanephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005151 metanephric proximal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005146 metanephric nephron tubule The metanephric proximal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle in the metanephros. It has a brush border epithelial morphology[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005153 epithelial bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005157 epithelial fold A bud is a protrusion that forms from an epithelial sheet by localized folding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005154 epithelial cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000486 multilaminar epithelium A cord of epithelial cells without a lumen and usually several cells thick. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Any anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005157 epithelial fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelial sheet bent on a linear axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005158 parenchyma of central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The functional tissue of the central nervous system consisting of neurons and glial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005160 vestigial structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A remnant structure from earlier development or evolution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005164 ascending limb of loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004135 distal tubule The distal part of the loop of Henle that is impermeable to water and actively pumps sodium out of the filtrate to generate the hypertonic interstitium that drives countercurrent exchange; it consists of an initial very thin segment lined by simple squamous epithelium followed by a distal thick segment lined by simple cuboidal epithelium[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005167 papillary duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001232 collecting duct of renal tubule The terminal portions of the medullary collecting ducts are the papillary ducts, which end at the renal papilla and empty into a minor calyx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005168 renal interlobular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014401 renal venous blood vessel Any of the veins that parallel the interlobular arteries, receiving blood from the peritubular capillary plexus and empty into the arcuate veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005169 interstitial tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003891 stroma Connective tissue between the cellular elements of a structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005170 granulosa cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium A layer of the ovarian follicle that consists of granulosa cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005171 hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002394 bile duct Any portion of the ducts that carry bile from the liver to the common bile duct. This may include both intrahapetic components (parts of left and right hepatic ducts) and extrahapetic components (common hepatic duct, plus hilar portion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005172 abdomen element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005173 abdominal segment element An organ or element that is in the abdomen. Examples: spleen, intestine, kidney, abdominal mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005173 abdominal segment element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element An organ or element that is part of the adbominal segment of the organism. This region can be further subdivided into the abdominal cavity and the pelvic region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005174 dorsal region element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ An organ or element that part of the dorsum of the organism. Examples: spinal cord, vertebrae, muscles of back. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005175 chest organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ An organ that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005176 tooth enamel organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster A circumscribed mass of ectodermal cells which bud off from the dental lamina; it becomes cup-shaped and develops on its internal face the ameloblast layer of cells that produces the enamel cap of a developing tooth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ An organ or element that part of the trunk region. The trunk region can be further subdividied into thoracic (including chest and thoracic cavity) and abdominal (including abdomen and pelbis) regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005178 thoracic cavity element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ An organ or element that is in the thoracic cavity. Examples: lung, heart, longus colli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005179 pelvic region element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005173 abdominal segment element An organ or element that is part of the pelvic region. Examples: reproductive organs (in some organisms), urinary bladder, bones of the pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element An organ that part of the thoracic segment region. This region can be further subdividied chest and thoracic cavity regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005184 hair medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Innermost layer of the hair shaft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005185 renal medulla collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005192 deferent duct artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An artery in males that provides blood to the vas deferens. The artery usually arises from the anterior trunk of the superior vesical artery. It accompanies the vas deferens into the testis, where it anastomoses with the testicular artery. In this way it also supplies blood to the testis and epididymis. A small branch supplies the ureter[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005194 thoracic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003834 thoracic segment blood vessel A vein that is part of a thorax [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005195 deferent duct vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A vein that is part of a vas deferens [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005196 spleen germinal center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010754 germinal center A germinal center that is part of the spleen. The spleen germinal center is located in a secondary B follicle in the white pulp of the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005199 cervical mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001911 mammary gland A mammary gland that is part of a cervical region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005200 thoracic mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005175 chest organ A lactiferous gland that is located in the thoracic region/breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005202 distal straight tubule macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002335 macula densa A macula densa that is part of an ascending limb of loop of Henle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005203 trachea gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410077 airway submucosal gland A tubuloacinar seromucous gland that is located principally in the submucosa of the trachea. Excretory ducts from this gland pass through the lamina propria to the tracheal lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005204 larynx submucosa gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036225 respiratory system gland A gland that is part of a larynx submucosa [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005206 choroid plexus stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Stromal matrix surrounding blood vessels within the choroid plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005207 tonsil capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003893 capsule A capsule that is part of a tonsil [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005208 right atrium valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A valve that is part of a right atrium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005211 renal medulla interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005215 kidney interstitium Tissue surrounding the loop of Henle in the renal medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005212 Leydig cell region of testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005169 interstitial tissue The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005213 outer renal medulla interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005211 renal medulla interstitium A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a outer medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005214 inner renal medulla interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005211 renal medulla interstitium A portion of interstitial tissue that is part of a inner medulla of kidney [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005215 kidney interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005169 interstitial tissue The interstitial compartment of the kidney, comprising the extravascular intertubular spaces of the renal parenchyma, with their attendant cellular elements and extracellular substances, bounded on all sides by epithelial and vascular basement membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005217 midbrain subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039175 subarachnoid space of brain A subarachnoid space that is part of a midbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005218 diencephalon subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039175 subarachnoid space of brain A subarachnoid space that is part of a diencephalon [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005219 hindbrain subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039175 subarachnoid space of brain A subarachnoid space that is part of a hindbrain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005221 liver right lobe parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001280 liver parenchyma A parenchyma that is part of a right lobe of liver [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005222 liver left lobe parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001280 liver parenchyma A parenchyma that is part of a left lobe of liver [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005225 upper leg epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005226 pedal digit epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005227 manual digit epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005228 upper arm epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005229 lower leg epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lower leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005233 medial-nasal process ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014702 frontonasal process epithelium An ectoderm that is part of a medial nasal prominence [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005234 optic eminence ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000924 ectoderm An ectoderm that is part of a optic eminence [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005236 osseus labyrinth vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A small, oval, bony chamber of the labyrinth. The vestibule contains the utricle and saccule, organs which are part of the balancing apparatus of the ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005243 interventricular septum endocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002165 endocardium An endocardium that is part of a interventricular septum [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005245 lobar bronchus of right lung caudal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003404 lobar bronchus of right lung A lobar bronchus that is part of a lower lobe of right lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005248 bulbus cordis myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002349 myocardium A myocardium that is part of a bulbus cordis [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005249 metanephric renal pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A renal pelvis that is part of a metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005250 stomatodeum gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland A gland that is part of a stomodeum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005251 yolk sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012466 extraembryonic cavity An anatomical cavity that is part of a yolk sac [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005253 head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Portion of primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005254 upper leg mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003860 hindlimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hindlimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005255 pedal digit mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010702 digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing toe [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005256 trunk mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a developing trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005257 manual digit mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010702 digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing finger [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005258 upper arm mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003859 forelimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing forelimb stylopod [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005259 lower leg mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003860 hindlimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing lower leg [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005261 atrium cardiac jelly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003906 cardiac jelly A cardiac jelly that is part of an atrium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005262 ventricle cardiac jelly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003906 cardiac jelly A cardiac jelly that is part of a ventricle [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005263 outflow tract cardiac jelly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003906 cardiac jelly A cardiac jelly that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005268 renal cortex artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003644 kidney arterial blood vessel An artery that supplies the renal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005269 renal cortex vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014401 renal venous blood vessel Artery that receives blood from the renal cortex[MP, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005270 renal cortex interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005215 kidney interstitium A compartment of the renal cortex situated between basement membranes of epithelia and vessels that contains two contiguous cellular networks in mutual contact, one formed by interstitial fibroblasts, the other by dendritic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005272 peritubular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003527 kidney capillary The tiny blood vessels that receive blood from the efferent arterioles of the glomerulus, and interact with superficial cortical nephrons allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron; peritubular capillaries are situated around the tubule and are at low pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005273 nail bed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005275 dorsal skin of digit Region of skin beneath the nail plate[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005276 dorsal skin of finger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005275 dorsal skin of digit A dorsal skin of digit that is part of a manual digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005277 dorsal skin of toe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005275 dorsal skin of digit A dorsal skin of digit that is part of a pedal digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005278 nail bed of finger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005276 dorsal skin of finger A nail bed that is part of a manual digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005279 nail bed of toe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005277 dorsal skin of toe A nail bed that is part of a pedal digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005281 ventricular system of central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A set of structures containing cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. It is continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005283 tela choroidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A structure found in the walls of the ventricles of the brain, consisting of part of the meninges (pia mater in mammals) plus ependyma[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005286 tela choroidea of midbrain cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005283 tela choroidea Tela choroidea that lines the tectal ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005287 tela choroidea of fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005283 tela choroidea Tela chorioidea that lines the fourth ventricle[ZFA]. The tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle is the name applied to the triangular fold of pia mater which is carried upward between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata. It consists of two layers, which are continuous with each other in front, and are more or less adherent throughout: The posterior layer covers the antero-inferior surface of the cerebellum. The anterior layer is applied to the structures which form the lower part of the roof of the ventricle, and is continuous inferiorly with the pia mater on the inferior peduncles and closed part of the medulla[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005288 tela choroidea of third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005283 tela choroidea Tela chorioidea that lines the third ventricle[ZFA]. The part of the choroid plexus in relation to the body of the ventricle forms the vascular fringed margin of a triangular process of pia mater, named the tela chorioidea of the third ventricle, and projects from under cover of the lateral edge of the fornix. Blood is supplied by branches from the superior cerebellar artery[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005289 tela choroidea of telencephalic ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005283 tela choroidea Tela chorioidea that lines the telencephalic ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005290 myelencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004733 segmental subdivision of hindbrain The posterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain composed of the medulla oblongata and a portion of the fourth ventricle; as well as the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), vagus nerve (CN X), accessory nerve (CN XI), hypoglossal nerve (CN XII), and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII).[BTO,WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue A portion of tissue that is part of an embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Portion of tissue that is contiguous with the embryo and is comprised of portions of tissue or cells that will not contribute to the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005293 cerebellum lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex A major subdivision of the cerebellum: anterior, posterior and flocculonodular. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005294 gonadal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The elevation of thickened mesothelium and underlying mesenchyme found on the ventromedial border of the embryonic mesonephros in which the primordial germ cells become embedded, establishing it as the primordium of the testis or ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005295 sex cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium Cordlike masses of epithelial tissue that invaginate from germinal epithelium of the gonad and give rise to seminiferous tubules and rete testes in the male, and primary ovarian follicles and rete ovarii in the female. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005296 ovary sex cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005295 sex cord Structures that develop from sex cords in the female. After further development they become the ovarian follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005297 testis sex cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005295 sex cord The testis cords are precursors to the rete testis. They play several different roles in the development of the male genitals[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005298 skin of clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480029 skin of external genitalia A zone of skin that is part of a clitoris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005299 prepuce of clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011374 prepuce A retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the clitoral glans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005301 male preputial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010147 male accessory sex gland One of the sebaceous glands of the corona and neck of the glans penis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005302 female preputial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland The paired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located on the side of the clitoris in female rodents; in contrast to the preputial glands in male rodents, clitoral glands are a minor source of olfactory stimuli contributing to sexual attractivity; unlike other sebaceous glands, they undergo progressive atrophy of the glandular portion with marked ductal ectasia as rodents age. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005304 submucous nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000429 enteric plexus The gangliated plexus of unmyelinated nerve fibers that ramify the stomach and intestinal submucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005305 thyroid follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Discrete, cystlike units of the thyroid gland that are lined with cuboidal epithelium and are filled with a colloid substance, about 30 to each lobule[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005309 pronephric nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A pronephric nephron is the functional unit of the pronephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005310 pronephric nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium The pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron and connects the filtration unit (glomerulus or glomus) of the pronephros to the pronephric duct[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005311 mammary placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005313 mammary duct terminal end bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct A unique club-shaped epithelial structure that develops at the tip of the mammary duct at the onset of puberty under the action of circulating hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005316 endocardial endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008307 heart endothelium The endothelial lining of the endocardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005317 pulmonary artery endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001917 endothelium of artery An pulmonary artery endothelium is an epithelium that lines the pulmonary artery[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005319 mesonephric collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The collecting duct is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005320 mesonephric juxtaglomerular apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005321 mesonephric smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue Missing definition for term UBERON:0005321. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005322 mesonephric nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A nephron that is part of a mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005323 mesonephric mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Mesonephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005324 mesonephric macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005330 mesonephric nephron epithelium The mesonephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the mesonephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005325 mesonephric glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000074 renal glomerulus The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or mesonephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005326 mesonephric glomerulus vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004190 renal glomerulus vasculature The mesonephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the mesonephric glomerulus[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005327 mesonephric glomerular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005330 mesonephric nephron epithelium A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005328 mesonephric comma-shaped body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004198 comma-shaped body The mesonephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the mesonephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005329 mesonephric nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005330 mesonephric nephron epithelium A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephric nephron, the functional part of the mesonephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005330 mesonephric nephron epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005103 mesonephric epithelium The mesonephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005331 mesonephric renal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005103 mesonephric epithelium The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the mesonephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005332 mesonephric S-shaped body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004199 S-shaped body The mesonephric S-shaped body is the successor of the mesonephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005333 mammary bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium A bulb of epithelial cells that forms from the mammary placode that develops into the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005334 oral lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000030 lamina propria A lamina propria that is part of a mucosa of oral region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005336 capillary layer of choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The capillary lamina of choroid or choriocapillaris is a layer of capillaries that is immediately adjacent to Bruch's membrane in the choroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005337 outflow tract of ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004145 outflow tract A ventricular outflow tract is a portion of either the left ventricle or right ventricle of the heart through which blood passes in order to enter the great arteries. The right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is an infundibular extension of the ventricular cavity which connects to the pulmonary artery. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), which connects to the aorta, is nearly indistinguishable from the rest of the ventricle[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005338 outflow tract aortic component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004145 outflow tract An outflow tract that is part of a aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005340 dorsal telencephalic commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019294 commissure of telencephalon A fiber tracts that connect the dorsal region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005341 ventral commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019294 commissure of telencephalon The fiber tracts that connect the ventral region of the two cerebral hemispheres and span the longitudinal fissure, including the anterior and the habenular commissures[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005342 malleus head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Rounded portion of the malleus that articulates with the body of the incus[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005343 cortical plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014950 layer of developing cerebral cortex The outer neural tube region in which post-mitotic neuroblasts migrate along radial glia to form the adult cortical layers[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005344 peritoneal vaginal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034696 fold of peritoneum A peritoneal diverticulum in the embryonic lower anterior abdominal wall that traverses the inguinal canal. In the male it forms the tunica vaginalis testis and normally loses its connection with the peritoneal cavity; a persistent processus vaginalis in the female is known as the canal of Nuck[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005345 cerebellum vermis lobule VIIA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004081 cerebellum vermis lobule VII The folium vermis is a short, narrow, concealed band at the posterior extremity of the vermis, consisting apparently of a single folium, but in reality marked on its upper and under surfaces by secondary fissures. Laterally, it expands in either hemisphere into a considerable lobule, the superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior; postero-superior lobules), which occupies the posterior third of the upper surface of the hemisphere, and is bounded below by the horizontal sulcus. The superior semilunar lobules and the folium vermis form the lobus semilunaris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005346 cerebellum vermis lobule VIIB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004081 cerebellum vermis lobule VII Missing definition for term UBERON:0005346. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005348 ansiform lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004003 cerebellum hemisphere lobule A lobule comprising the greater part of the hemisphere of the cerebellum; its superior and inferior surfaces are separated by the horizontal fissure into major parts known as crus I (superior semilunar lobule) and crus II (inferior semilunar lobule). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005349 paramedian lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule The anterior portion of the posteroinferior lobule of the cerebellum, the posterior portion being the semilunar lobule inferior; the two are continuous with the tuber of the vermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005353 spleen perifollicular zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The compartment located between the marginal zone and the red pulp harboring scattered B and T lymphocytes[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005354 malleus processus brevis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection The projection extending from the base of the manubrium of the malleus which contacts the upper part of the tympanic membrane where the tympanic cavity makes a deep pocket (epitympanic pocket) surrounding the cartilaginous nodule[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005355 malleus neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element The narrow contracted section of the malleus located between the head and the manubrium[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005356 Rathke's pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium A pouch of ectoderm that grows out from the upper surface of the embryonic stomodeum and gives rise to the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland[MP]. In embryogenesis, Rathke's pouch is a depression in the roof of the developing mouth in front of the buccopharyngeal membrane. It gives rise to the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis), a part of the endocrine system[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005357 brain ependyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004670 ependyma The ependymal cell layer that lines the brain ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005358 ventricle of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A layer in the central nervous system that lines system of communicating cavities in the brain and spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005359 spinal cord ependyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004670 ependyma The ependymal cell layer that lines the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005360 inferior glossopharyngeal IX ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001701 glossopharyngeal ganglion The lower group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. It is situated in a depression in the lower border of the petrous portion of the temporal bone[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005361 superior glossopharyngeal IX ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001701 glossopharyngeal ganglion The upper ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve[MP]. is situated in the upper part of the groove in which the glossopharyngeal nerve is lodged during its passage through the jugular foramen. It is very small, and is usually regarded as a detached portion of the inferior ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005362 vagus X ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009127 epibranchial ganglion The group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005363 inferior vagus X ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The large group of sensory neuron cell bodies, anterior to the jugular vein, associated with the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005364 superior vagus X ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005362 vagus X ganglion The upper ganglion of the vagus nerve located at the jugular foramen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005366 olfactory lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere The lobe at the anterior part of each cerebral hemisphere, responsible for olfactory functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005368 hippocampus molecular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus The most superficial stratum in the hippocampus. Here the perforant path fibers form synapses onto the distal, apical dendrites of pyramidal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005370 hippocampus stratum lacunosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus A thin stratum in the hippocampus that is immediately deep to the molecular layer, and is superficial to the stratum radiatum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005371 hippocampus stratum oriens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus Layer that is part of the CA fields of the hippocampus consisting of a narrow relatively cell free layer located deep to the pyramidal cell layer extending through areas CA1, CA2 and CA3. (adapted from Paxinos The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005372 hippocampus stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus The layer located immediately above the pyramidal cell layer in CA2 and CA1 and superficial to the stratum lucidum in CA3. Suprapyramidal region in which CA3 to CA3 associational connections and CA3 to CA1 Schaffer collateral connections are located. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005373 spinal cord dorsal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column The wedge-shaped fiber bundle of white matter in the dorsomedial side of the spinal cord that is made up of the fasciculus gracilis and fasciculus cuneatus; it is part of the ascending posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway that is important for well-localized fine touch and conscious proprioception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005374 spinal cord lateral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column The region of white matter of the spinal cord that is located between the dorsal and ventral spinal roots. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005375 spinal cord ventral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column The area of white matter of the spinal cord located on either side of the ventral (anterior) medial fissure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005376 olfactory bulb external plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009950 olfactory bulb plexiform layer Cytoarchitectural part of the olfactory bulb, lying superior to the mitral cell layer and inferior to the glomerular layer. The EPL is mostly neuropil composed almost entirely of mitral and tulfted cell dendrites and granule cell dendrites and their synaptic inputs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005377 olfactory bulb glomerular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004001 olfactory bulb layer The glomerular layer is the most superficial layer, consisting of mitral cell dendritic arborizations (glomeruli), olfactory nerve fibers, and periglomerular cells. Periglomerular cells contact multiple mitral cell dendrites within the glomeruli and provide lateral inhibition of neighboring glomeruli while allowing excitation of a specific mitral cell dendritic tree. Each mitral cell is contacted by at least 1000 olfactory nerve fibers[BTO]. Portion of tissue which is located in between the primary olfactory fiber layer and the external cellular layer of the olfactory bulb[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005378 olfactory bulb granule cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004001 olfactory bulb layer The granule cell layer contains multiple small round neurons that lack axons. Long dendritic processes of the neurons reach the more superficial layers and inhibit mitral cells and tufted cells. Small distal processes make contacts with the exiting mitral cell axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005380 olfactory bulb subependymal zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004001 olfactory bulb layer The region of mitotically active layer of cells surrounding the lateral brain ventricles that consists of migrating neuroblasts, astrocytes and transitory amplifying progenitor cells, that produce neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005381 dentate gyrus granule cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002304 layer of dentate gyrus Granule cell layer is also called the DG principal cell layer. This one of the three layers of dentate gyrus that lies deep to the molecular layer and is made of densely packed layer that is four to eight granule cells thick. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005382 dorsal striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon Dorsal components of the striatum comprising the caudate nucleus and the putamen, in species that have distinct nuclei; the caudoputamen in species which don't. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005383 caudate-putamen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster Regional part of telencephalon in some species, e.g., rodent, equivalent to the dorsal striatum (caudate nucleus and putamen). Unlike the dorsal striatum of primates, for example, the caudoputamen is not split into separate nuclei by the fibers of the internal capsule. Rather, the internal capsule splits into fiber bundles which course through the structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005384 nasal cavity epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019306 nose epithelium An epithelium that lines the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005386 olfactory segment of nasal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001826 nasal cavity mucosa That portion of the nasal mucosa containing the sensory endings for olfaction; the organ of smell[MESH]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005387 olfactory glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001047 neural glomerulus One of the small globular masses of dense neuropil in the olfactory bulb, containing the first synapse in the olfactory pathway[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005388 photoreceptor array http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer An array of photoreceptors and any supporting cells found in an eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005389 transparent eye structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A transparent structure that is part of a visual sense organ, the function of which is to direct or focus light onto a photoreceptor array. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005397 brain arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003547 brain meninx An arachnoid mater that surrounds a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003937 reproductive gland A sex gland that is part of a female reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005399 male reproductive gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003937 reproductive gland A sex gland that is part of a male reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005400 telencephalon arachnoid mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003556 forebrain arachnoid mater An arachnoid mater that is part of a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005401 cerebral hemisphere gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon A gray matter that is part of a cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005402 philtrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006846 surface groove The vertical groove found on the median line of the upper lip, extending to the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005403 ventral striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon A composite structure of the telencephalon that is defined in the striatopallidal system by connectivity and neurochemical staining. It includes the nucleus accumbens, the most ventral portions of the caudate nucleus and the putamen, the rostrolateral portion of the anterior perforated substance, the islands of Calleja and a rostral subcommissural portion of substantia innominata. The boundary between the ventral striatum and dorsal striatum is indistinct in sections stained for Nissl substance (Heimer-1995; adapted from Brain Info). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005404 frontonasal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009198 craniofacial suture A suture between frontal and nasal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005407 sublingual ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion The small parasympathetic ganglion found anterior to the submandibular gland that provides postsynaptic fibers to the sublingual gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005408 circumventricular organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Any of any of the secretory or sensory organs located in the brain region around or in relation to the ventricular system that are characterized by extensive vasculature and a lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB) and allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005410 cartilaginous otic capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004637 otic capsule An otic capsule endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005411 bony otic capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone The cartilage or bony capsule surrounding the inner ear mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005412 optic fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006846 surface groove Groove that is in the developing ventral optic cup and through which blood vessels pass to the enclosed mesenchyme[ZFA]. a ventral fissure in the developing optic cup through which blood vessels pass to the enclosed mesenchyme[Free online medical dictionary]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005414 zone of polarizing activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010329 paired limb/fin bud mesenchyme An area of mesenchymal cells that contains signals which instruct the developing limb or fin bud to form along the anterior/posterior axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005415 zone of polarizing activity of pectoral appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005414 zone of polarizing activity A zone of polarizing activity that is part of a pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005416 zone of polarizing activity of pelvic appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005414 zone of polarizing activity A zone of polarizing activity that is part of a pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005417 forelimb bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005419 pectoral appendage bud A limb bud that develops into a forelimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005418 hindlimb bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005420 pelvic appendage bud A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005419 pectoral appendage bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004357 paired limb/fin bud A limb bud that develops into a forelimb or pectoral fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005420 pelvic appendage bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004357 paired limb/fin bud A limb bud that develops into a hindlimb or pelvic fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005421 pectoral appendage apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004356 apical ectodermal ridge An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pectoral appendage bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005422 pelvic appendage apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004356 apical ectodermal ridge An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pelvic appendage bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005424 presumptive retinal pigmented epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010312 immature eye Portion of tissue that is the outer layer of the optic cup and will become the retinal pigmented epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005425 presumptive neural retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010312 immature eye Portion of tissue that is the inner layer of the optic cup and will become the neural retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005426 lens vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Portion of tissue that gives rise to the lens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005427 corneal primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Portion of tissue that is part of the eye and gives rise to the mature, fully layered cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005428 vagal neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Vagal neural crest is adjacent to the first seven somites gives rise to both ganglionic and ectomesenchymal derivatives[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005430 ansa cervicalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A loop of nerves that are part of the cervical plexus that lies superficial to the internal jugular vein in the carotid sheath. Branches from the ansa cervicalis innervate three of the four infrahyoid muscles, including the sternohyoid muscle, the sternothyroid muscle, and the omohyoid muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005432 aortic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003498 heart blood vessel The dilated structure that is lined by endothelial cells and located at the arterial pole of the heart just above (distal to) the truncus arteriosus in mammalian embryos; it is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches (and eventually the dorsal aortae) arise; the aortic sac is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005436 common hepatic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery In anatomy, the common hepatic artery is a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, pylorus (a part of the stomach), duodenum (a part of the small intestine) and pancreas. It arises from the celiac artery and has the following branches:. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005438 coronary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003920 venous blood vessel The short trunk that recieves most of the cardiac veins carrying the blood from the myocardium and delivers it to the right atrium, with the sinoatrial connection occurring between the inferior vena cava and the atrioventricular orifice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005440 ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta[MESH]. In the developing fetus, the ductus arteriosus is a shunt connecting the pulmonary artery to the aortic arch. It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus' fluid-filled lungs, protecting the lungs from being overworked and allowing the left ventricle to strengthen. There are two other fetal shunts, the ductus venosus and the foramen ovale[MP]. the fetal vessel that connects the left pulmonary artery with the descending aorta; the ductus arteriosus normally regresses into a fibrous cord, the ligamentum arteriousum after birth[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005442 abdominal external oblique muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035032 abdominal oblique muscle The lateral abdominal wall muscle that is the most superficial, immediately superficial to the internal oblique. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005445 segment of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012139 segment of autopod A segment of autopod that is part of a pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005446 foramen rotundum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull The foramen rotundum is a circular hole in the sphenoid bone that connects the middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005448 greater omentum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003688 omentum The greater omentum (also the great omentum, omentum majus, gastrocolic omentum, epiploön, or, especially in animals, caul) is a large fold of peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach, and extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005450 greater sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The cavity in the abdomen that is inside the peritoneum but outside of the lesser sac. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005451 segment of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012139 segment of autopod A segment of autopod that is part of a manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005452 hepatic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A three-dimensional arrangement formed by plates of hepatocytes, usually one cell thick, that radiates from the center of the liver lobule; hepatic laminae are highly branched, irregular structures bordered by endothelial lined vascular spaces called hepatic sinusoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005454 abdominal internal oblique muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003897 axial muscle The lateral abdominal wall muscle that is deep to the external oblique and superficial to the transversus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005455 interventricular groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006846 surface groove Either of the anterior and posterior grooves on the surface of the heart that lie over the interventricular septum and join at the apex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005457 left thymus lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005483 thymus lobe A thymus lobe that is in the left side of a thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005459 left umbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An umbilical vein that is in the left side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005460 left vitelline vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A vitelline vein that is in the left side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005461 levator scapulae muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034908 scapular muscle An axial muscle that originates in the cervical vertebraae inserts on the scapula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005462 lower back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009569 subdivision of trunk Subdivision of abdominal segment of trunk which in humans is demarcated from the front of the abdomen by the posterior surface of the anterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia and the anterior surface of the lumbar vertebral column; together with the front of the abdomen, it constitutes the abdomen[Modified from FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005463 subcapsular sinus of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A space between the capsule and the cortex which allows the free movement of lymphatic fluid and so contains a sparsity of lymphocytes. It is continuous with the similar lymph sinuses that flank the trabeculae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005465 obturator nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve The obturator nerve arises from the ventral divisions of the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves; the branch from the third is the largest, while that from the second is often very small. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005467 platysma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008876 hypodermis skeletal muscle layer The platysma is a pharyngeal arch 2 muscle and a superficial facial muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors and is innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve. It attaches to the mandible and it attaches to the skin of the head, neck, and thoracic region where it is found superficial to the clavicle. Burrows et al. (2011) argue that in hylobatids (and, presumably, other primates) the platysma in the region of the modiolus represents both the cervicale and myoides muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005469 right thymus lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005483 thymus lobe A thymus lobe that is in the right side of a thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005471 right umbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An umbilical vein that is in the right side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005472 right vitelline vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A vitelline vein that is in the right side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005473 sacral region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis A subdivision of an organism along the anterior-posterior axis in the pelvic region immediately posterior to the lumbar region and anterior to the caudal region. Sometimes an intermediate region is defined between the sacral and caudal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005475 sigmoid sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017635 paired venous dural sinus A portion of the lateral venous sinus, bulging prominently into the mastoid cavity, that serves as a principal conduit by which blood leaves the cranium[EPIC]. The sigmoid is drained by the internal jugular vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005476 spinal nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002464 nerve trunk Trunk part of spinal nerve, where dorsal and ventral roots meet to form the spinal nerve, before branching off to dorsal and ventral rami. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005477 stomach fundus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001276 epithelium of stomach A simple columnar epithelium that is part of a fundus of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005478 sulcus limitans of neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006846 surface groove A longitudinal groove in the neural tube wall that divides the neural tube into dorsal (alar) and ventral (basal) halves (dorsal receives input from sensory neurons, ventral effects motor functions); stretches from the mesencephalon caudad[TMD]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005480 superior orbital fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006271 orbital fissure The orbital fissure that is situated superiorly between the greater wing and the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005483 thymus lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Either of the two lateral lobes that constitute the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005484 tricuspid valve leaflet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011741 cardiac valve leaflet A valve leaflet that is part of a tricuspid valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005485 valve of inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006675 venous valve The semicircular fold of endocardium located on the right atrium at the point of attachment of the inferior vena cava; during development this valve helps direct the flow of oxygen-rich blood through the right atrium into the left cardiac atrium via the foramen ovale (preventing blood flowing into the right ventricle). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005486 venous dural sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006615 venous sinus A venous channel found between layers of dura mater in the brain. Receives blood from internal and external veins of the brain, receive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space, and ultimately empty into the internal jugular vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005487 vitelline vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013140 systemic vein The paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005491 glossopharyngeal neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 cranial neural crest Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the glossopharyngeal ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005492 hyaloid vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A blood vessel that is associated with the lens. In mammals, this is transient and normally nourishes the retina, immature lens and primary vitreous of the developing eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005493 hyoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure One of a group of muscles used in mastication and swallowing. These muscles are attached to the hyoid bone, which is suspended in the neck and forms the base of the tongue and larynx. The muscles are divided into suprahyoid (superior) or infrahyoid (inferior) groups relative to the bone[WP, generalized]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005496 neural tube lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Portion of tissue on the side of the lumen of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005498 primitive heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Multi-tissue structure that arises from the heart rudiment and will become the heart tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005499 rhombomere 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere Hindbrain segment or neuromere 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005496 neural tube lateral wall A neural tube lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005507 rhombomere 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere The third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005511 rhombomere 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere The fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005515 rhombomere 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere The fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005519 rhombomere 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere The sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005523 rhombomere 7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere The seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005527 rhombomere 8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere The eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005562 thymus primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003351 pharyngeal epithelium A small outgrowth of the pharyngeal epithelium that is the site of lymphocyte cell production[ZFA]. [PMID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005563 trigeminal neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007530 migrating mesenchyme population Cranial neural crest which gives rise to the trigeminal ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005564 gonad primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium Portion of tissue that gives rise to the immature gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005565 facio-acoustic neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007530 migrating mesenchyme population Cranial neural crest that gives rise to the facio-acoustic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005567 rhombomere 1 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005568 rhombomere 1 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005569 rhombomere 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001892 rhombomere The second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005571 rhombomere 2 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005572 rhombomere 2 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005574 rhombomere 3 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005575 rhombomere 3 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005577 rhombomere 4 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005578 rhombomere 4 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005580 rhombomere 5 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005581 rhombomere 5 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005583 rhombomere 6 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005584 rhombomere 6 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005586 rhombomere 7 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005587 rhombomere 7 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005589 rhombomere 8 lateral wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005501 rhombomere lateral wall A rhombomere lateral wall that is part of a rhombomere 8. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005590 rhombomere 8 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate A rhombomere roof plate that is part of a rhombomere 8. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005594 head somite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Somite located in the head region, caudal to the otic vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005597 lung primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium A pair of lateral diverticula just over the liver rudiment representing the primordia of the lungs, formed by the floor of the foregut just anterior to the liver diverticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005598 trunk somite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002329 somite A somite that is part of a trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005600 crus commune http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A region formed by non-ampulated ends of posterior and superior semicircular canals of vestibular apparatus in inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005601 dorsal mesocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010277 mesocardium The part of the mesocardium dorsal to the embryonic heart; it breaks down to form the transverse sinus of the pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005602 dorsal mesogastrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003281 mesentery of stomach The portion of mesentery attached to the greater curvature of the stomach is named the dorsal mesentery (or dorsal mesogastrium, when referring to the portion at the stomach), and the part which suspends the colon is termed the mesocolon. The dorsal mesogastrium develops into the greater omentum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005609 iliac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery Any of the arteries that arise from a bifurcation of the aorta supplying the pelvic or abdomen. Examples: Common iliac artery, External iliac artery, Internal iliac artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005611 inner canthus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A corner of the medial (inner) part of an eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005614 lens anterior epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001803 epithelium of lens A layer of cuboidal epithelial cells bounded anteriorly by the capsule of the lens and posteriorly by the lens cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005616 mesenteric artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012254 abdominal aorta artery Arteries which arise from the abdominal aorta and distribute to most of the intestines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005617 mesenteric vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that returns blood from the intestines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005619 secondary palatal shelf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The outgrowths of the embryonic maxillary prominences that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005620 primary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The part of the palate formed from the intermaxillary segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005623 semi-lunar valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000946 cardiac valve The valves that gate the flow of blood from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005624 suprarenal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery Artery that supplies blood to the adrenal glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005625 tubotympanic recess lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007473 lumen of epithelial sac The cavity formed by the tubotympanic recess epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005626 ventral mesogastrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003281 mesentery of stomach Portion of ventral mesentery closest to the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005629 vascular plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vascular network formed by frequent anastomoses between the blood vessels (arteries or veins) of a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005631 extraembryonic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 membranous layer Intrinsic membrane that arises from embryonic germ layers and grow to surround the developing embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005636 caecum epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000397 colonic epithelium An epithelium that is part of a caecum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005637 pyloric region epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001276 epithelium of stomach An epithelium that is part of a pylorus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005638 anterior chamber epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium An epithelium that is part of a anterior chamber of eyeball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005639 right lung cranial lobe epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003364 epithelium of right lung An epithelium that is part of a upper lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005640 right lung caudal lobe epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003364 epithelium of right lung An epithelium that is part of a lower lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005642 ultimobranchial body epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a ultimobranchial body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005645 manual digit 2 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005227 manual digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005646 manual digit 3 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005227 manual digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005647 manual digit 4 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005227 manual digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005648 manual digit 5 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005227 manual digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005649 pedal digit 2 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005226 pedal digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005650 pedal digit 3 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005226 pedal digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005651 pedal digit 4 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005226 pedal digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005652 pedal digit 5 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005226 pedal digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005653 upper jaw molar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015839 molar epithelium A dental epithelium that is part of a upper jaw molar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005654 lower jaw molar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015839 molar epithelium A dental epithelium that is part of a lower jaw molar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005655 right lung accessory lobe epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003364 epithelium of right lung An epithelium that is part of a right lung accessory lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005656 lens vesicle epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lens vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005657 crus commune epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006932 vestibular epithelium An epithelium that is part of a crus commune. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005658 secondary palatal shelf epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a secondary palatal shelf. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005659 primary palate epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a primary palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005660 2nd arch ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000924 ectoderm An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005661 3rd arch ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000924 ectoderm An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005662 4th arch ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000924 ectoderm An ectoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005664 2nd arch endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000925 endoderm An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005665 3rd arch endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000925 endoderm An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005666 4th arch endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000925 endoderm An endoderm that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005669 peritoneal cavity mesothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001136 mesothelium A mesothelium that is part of a peritoneal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005670 greater omentum mesothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001136 mesothelium A mesothelium that is part of a greater omentum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005671 greater sac mesothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001136 mesothelium A mesothelium that is part of a greater sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005672 right lung endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003364 epithelium of right lung An endothelium that is part of a right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005673 left lung endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003365 epithelium of left lung An endothelium that is part of a left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005674 right lung cranial lobe endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005672 right lung endothelium An endothelium that is part of a upper lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005675 right lung caudal lobe endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005672 right lung endothelium An endothelium that is part of a lower lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005676 right lung accessory lobe endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005672 right lung endothelium An endothelium that is part of a right lung accessory lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005677 caecum mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003396 mesentery of colon A mesentery that is part of a caecum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005678 right lung cranial lobe segmental bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002184 segmental bronchus A segmental bronchus that is part of a upper lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005679 right lung caudal lobe segmental bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002184 segmental bronchus A segmental bronchus that is part of a lower lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005680 right lung accessory lobe segmental bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002184 segmental bronchus A segmental bronchus that is part of a right lung accessory lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005681 right lung upper lobe bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003538 right lung bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a upper lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005682 right lung accessory lobe bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003538 right lung bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a right lung accessory lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005685 midgut dorsal mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002296 dorsal mesentery A dorsal mesentery that is part of a midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005686 caecum dorsal mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002296 dorsal mesentery A dorsal mesentery that is part of a caecum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005687 orbitosphenoid cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015059 orbitosphenoid endochondral element An orbitosphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005688 lens vesicle cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that is part of a lens vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005689 2nd arch mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009494 pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005690 3rd arch mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009494 pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005691 4th arch mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009494 pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005692 manual digit 2 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005257 manual digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005693 manual digit 3 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005257 manual digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing manual digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005694 manual digit 4 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005257 manual digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005695 manual digit 5 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005257 manual digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005696 pedal digit 2 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005255 pedal digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005697 pedal digit 3 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005255 pedal digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing pedal digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005698 pedal digit 4 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005255 pedal digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005699 pedal digit 5 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005255 pedal digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005700 upper jaw molar odontogenic papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015844 molar dental papilla An odontogenic papilla that is part of a upper jaw molar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005701 lower jaw molar odontogenic papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015844 molar dental papilla An odontogenic papilla that is part of a lower jaw molar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005702 optic eminence mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a optic eminence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005704 secondary palatal shelf mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest Mesenchyme that is part of a developing secondary palatal shelf. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005705 primary palate mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest Mesenchyme that is part of a developing primary palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005707 upper jaw incisor odontogenic papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest An odontogenic papilla that is part of a upper jaw incisor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005708 lower jaw incisor odontogenic papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest An odontogenic papilla that is part of a lower jaw incisor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005709 upper jaw incisor epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A dental epithelium that is part of a upper jaw incisor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005710 lower jaw incisor epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A dental epithelium that is part of a lower jaw incisor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005711 foregut duodenum mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mesentery of duodenum that is part of a foregut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005712 midgut duodenum mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A mesentery of duodenum that is part of a midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005719 footplate apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004356 apical ectodermal ridge An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a footplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005720 hindbrain venous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004582 venous system A venous system that is part of a hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005721 pronephric mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A mesoderm that has the potential to develop into a pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005723 floor plate spinal cord region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003306 floor plate of neural tube A multi-tissue structure that is part of a spinal cord and is part of a floor plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005724 roof plate spinal cord region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A tissue that is part of a spinal cord and is part of a roof plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005725 olfactory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005726 chemosensory system A sensory system that is capable of olfaction (the sensory perception of smell). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005729 pectoral appendage field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A limb/fin field that has the potential to develop into a pectoral appendage bud mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005730 pelvic appendage field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A limb/fin field that has the potential to develop into a pelvic appendage bud mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005732 paired limb/fin field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage A ring of cells capable of forming a limb or paired fin[Gilbert,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005733 limb field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005732 paired limb/fin field A ring of cells capable of forming a limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005734 tunica adventitia of blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005742 adventitia The outermost layer of a blood vessel, composed mainly of fibrous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005740 tunica intima of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004797 blood vessel layer A tunica intima that is part of a artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005742 adventitia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer An outermost connective tissue covering of an organ, vessel, or other structure[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone, usually for passage of blood vessels or nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005745 optic foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An opening in the skull through which cranial nerve II passes.[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005746 primary vitreous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Embryonic fibrovascular mesodermal tissue located between the optic cup and lens vesicle that normally regresses during the development of the vitreous body[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005749 glomerular tuft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The capillary loops of the kidney that normally function as a filtration unit[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005750 glomerular parietal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004188 glomerular epithelium A single layer of simple squamous epithelium in the glomerular capsule. Does not function in filtration[UBERON]. outer layer of the glomerular capsule composed of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005751 glomerular visceral epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004188 glomerular epithelium The inner (visceral) layer of the renal glomerular capsule, overlying the capillaries, composed of podocytes, and separated from the outer (parietal) layer by the capsular (Bowman's) space[BTO]. This epithelial layer is superficially adjacent to the thickened glomerular basement membrane and is made of podocytes. Beneath the visceral layer lie the glomerular capillaries[WP]. This inner epithelial layer of the glomerular capsule surrounds the capillary endothelial cells and is composed of highly specialized epithelial cells (podocytes) that are separated by filtration slits; the inner visceral layer is separated from the outer parietal layer by the urinary space (also known as the Bowman's or capsular space)[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005753 caudal part of nephrogenic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The metanephros develops from the most caudal part of the nephrogenic cord that is itself derived from the intermediate plate mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005754 rostral part of nephrogenic cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The initial renal anlage that develops from the most rostral part of the nephrogenic cord is termed the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005760 urorectal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037 septum The ridge of mesoderm covered with endoderm that in the early developing embryo partitions the endodermal cloaca into the primary urogenital sinus (ventrally) and the anorectal canal of the hindgut (dorsally); the urorectal septum eventually fuses with the cloacal membrane, dividing it into a dorsal anal membrane and a larger ventral urogenital membrane - this area of fusion is represented in the adult by the perineal body[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure An acellular anatomical structure that is the bounding layer of a anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005769 basement membrane of epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane An acellular membrane that is part of the epithelium, lies adjacent to the epithelial cells, and is the fusion of the the basal lamina and the reticular lamina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005777 glomerular basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005769 basement membrane of epithelium The layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005787 lamina densa of glomerular basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane Middle layer of the glomerular basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005788 lamina rara interna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the glomerular capillary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005789 lamina rara externa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Layer of the glomerular basement membrane adjacent to the podocytes and capsular space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005792 nephric ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Nephric tubules (nephrons) form embryonically along the nephric ridge. The ridge comprises three regions; anterior, middle and posterior. The functional kidney uses nephrons from only one or two regions of the ridge. A pronephric kidney uses only the nephrons from the anterior region of the ridge. A mesonephric kidney uses only the middle region, a metanephric kidney uses only the posterior region and an opisthonephric kidney uses the middle and posterior regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005800 section of aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube Any portion of the aorta including the ascending and descending aorta, and aortic arch or a portion of the aortic orifice of the left ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005805 dorsal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003513 trunk blood vessel The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005806 portal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature In the circulatory system of animals, a portal venous system occurs when a capillary bed drains into another capillary bed through veins, without first going through the heart. Both capillary beds and the blood vessels that connect them are considered part of the portal venous system. They are relatively uncommon as the majority of capillary beds drain into veins which then drain into the heart, not into another capillary bed. Portal venous systems are considered venous because the blood vessels that join the two capillary beds are either veins or venules. Examples of such systems include the hepatic portal system and the hypophyseal portal system. Unqualified, 'portal venous system' often refers to the hepatic portal system. For this reason, 'portal vein' most commonly refers to the hepatic portal vein[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005808 bone tissue of long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002481 bone tissue A bone tissue that is part of a long bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005809 cortex of manus bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003598 manus connective tissue The outer or sperficial part of a bone of the manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005810 cervical vertebra 1 anterior tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection The conical ventral projection on the arch of the atlas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005813 tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004529 anatomical projection A round nodule, small eminence, or warty outgrowth on an anatomical surface, such as bones, skin, or within the lungs (in the case of tuberculosis). They are also found on the leading edge of Humpback Whale's flippers, improving fluid flow over the flipper's surface[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005814 arch of atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010358 arch of centrum of vertebra A vertebral arch that is part of the first cervical vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005817 neuraxis flexure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An anatomical structure that is regional part of the central nervous system where there is a significant bend of the axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005818 cephalic midbrain flexure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005817 neuraxis flexure A sharp, ventrally concave bend in the developing midbrain of the embryo[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005819 cervical flexure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005817 neuraxis flexure A ventrally concave flexure of the embryonic brain occurring at the junction of hindbrain and spinal cord[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005820 pontine flexure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005817 neuraxis flexure A dorsally concave bend of the embryonic rhombencephalon that produces a thinning of the roof of the pons and medulla oblongata and defines the boundary between the metencephalon and myelencephalon in the embryo[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005837 fasciculus of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A fascicle that is part of a spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005838 fasciculus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A fascicle that is part of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005843 sacral spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005844 spinal cord segment A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a sacral region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005845 caudal segment of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005844 spinal cord segment A spinal cord segment that adjacent_to a caudal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005852 thoracic spinal cord ventral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016551 subdivision of spinal cord ventral column A subdivision of spinal cord ventral column that is part of a thoracic spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005853 sacral spinal cord ventral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016551 subdivision of spinal cord ventral column A subdivision of spinal cord ventral column that is part of a sacral spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005854 cervical spinal cord ventral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016551 subdivision of spinal cord ventral column A subdivision of spinal cord ventral column that is part of a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005855 lumbar spinal cord ventral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016551 subdivision of spinal cord ventral column A subdivision of spinal cord ventral column that is part of a lumbar spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005856 developing mesenchymal condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011585 cell condensation A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005863 cartilaginous condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005856 developing mesenchymal condensation Cell condensation that is an aggregation of mesenchymal cells that are committed to differentiate into chondroblasts and chondrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005866 pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005856 developing mesenchymal condensation A delimited region of dense mesenchyme within looser mesenchyme whose cells are committed to become chondroblasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005867 mandibular prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012314 embryonic facial prominence The paired ventral prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo; the two prominences unite ventrally and fuse to form the mandible and lower lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005868 maxillary prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The paired dorsal prominences formed by bifurcation of the first pharyngeal arches in the embryo that unite with the ipsilateral medial nasal process to form the upper jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005870 olfactory pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016566 pit An indentation of the olfactory placode which ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005871 palatine process of maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection A thick, horizontal process of the maxilla. It forms the anterior three quarters of the hard palate, the horizontal plate of the palatine bone making up the rest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005873 2nd arch pharyngeal cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005879 pharyngeal cleft A groove that is situated between the 2nd and 3rd pharyngeal arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005874 3rd arch pharyngeal cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005879 pharyngeal cleft A groove that is situated between the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005875 4th arch pharyngeal cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005879 pharyngeal cleft A groove that is situated between the 4th and 5th pharyngeal arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005876 undifferentiated genital tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005879 pharyngeal cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006846 surface groove An external pocketing of pharyngeal ectoderm that contacts a region of endoderm (a pharyngeal pouch) and interdigitates in the anterior and posterior directions by the pharyngeal arches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005881 autopodial extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A subdivision of the autopod that corresponds to one or more bones arranged in series branching from the main limb axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005882 neural tube alar plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The mantle layer of the neural tube that lies dorsal to the sulcus limitans and contains primarily sensory neurons and interneurons involved in communication of sensory impulses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005884 hyoid arch skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton A subdivision of skeleton that supports pharyngeal arch 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005891 coelomic epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium The epithelial lining of the surface of the coelom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005893 leg bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003464 hindlimb bone A bone that is part of the region of the hindlimb that includes the zeugopod and stylopod. Examples: patella, femur, tibia. Counter-examples: any pes phalanx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005897 manus bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011250 autopod bone A bone that is part of the manus skeleton. Note that this includes the carpal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005899 pes bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011250 autopod bone A bone that is part of the pes skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005902 occipital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Anatomical cluster that is located in the posterior region of the cranium and forms the margin of the foramen magnum and occipital condyles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005903 duct of seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system Each seminal vesicle consists of a single tube, coiled upon itself, and giving off several irregular cecal diverticula; the separate coils, as well as the diverticula, are connected together by fibrous tissue. When uncoiled, the tube is about the diameter of a quill, and varies in length from 10 to 15 cm.; it ends posteriorly in a cul-de-sac; its anterior extremity becomes constricted into a narrow straight duct called the excretory duct of seminal gland (or duct of the seminal vesicle), which joins with the corresponding ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Any of the ducts that are part of a male reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005906 serous sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005908 conjunctival sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005906 serous sac A serous sac which is the aggregate of the conjunctiva plus the conjunctival space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Epithelium that derives from the endoderm. Examples: urothelium, transitional epithelium of ureter, epithelium of prostatic gland.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005928 external naris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A naris that provides one of the small external openings of the head that give passage to air for breathing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005932 bulb of hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Thickening of the proximal end of the hair follicle. Contains rapidly proliferating, rather undifferentiated matrix cells (transient amplifying cells), melanocytes and outer root sheath cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005941 hair inner root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005933 hair root sheath A multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath; the layers of the inner root sheath include the companion layer, Henle's layer, Huxley's layer and the inner root sheath cuticle[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005942 hair outer root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005933 hair root sheath A stratified epithelium that surrounds the hair follicle that merges proximally with the basal layer of the interfollicular epidermis and distally with the hair bulb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005944 axial skeleton plus cranial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Subdivision of skeleton which consists of cranial skeleton, set of all vertebrae, set of all ribs and sternum[FMA, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005946 outflow tract of atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004145 outflow tract An outflow tract that is part of a cardiac atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005953 outflow part of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005337 outflow tract of ventricle Anteriosuperior, smooth-walled portion of the cavity of the right ventricle, beginning at the supraventricular crest and terminating in the pulmonary trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005956 outflow part of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005337 outflow tract of ventricle Anterosuperior fibrous portion of the left ventricle that connects to the ascending aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005965 outflow part of right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005946 outflow tract of atrium Outflow part of atrium which consists of wall and cavity of the outflow part of right atrium and the tricuspid valve.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005966 outflow part of left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005946 outflow tract of atrium An outflow tract of atrium that is part of a left atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005967 conotruncal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009751 cardiac mesenchyme One of the pair of spiral mesenchymal swellings in the primordial ventricular outflow tract, that eventually fuse to form the conotruncal septum, dividing the subvalvular outflow tract and contributing to the membranous interventricular septum[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005968 infundibulum of hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The portion of the hair follicle from the entrance of the sebaceous gland duct to the epidermal surface opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005969 eye trabecular meshwork http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A pore-like structure surrounding the entire circumference of the anterior chamber of the eye through which aqueous humor circulates[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005970 brain commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain Any of the nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral and/or cerebellar hemispheres of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005971 amniotic fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure A sheet of somatopleure that grows upward over the embryo and eventually meets in the midline enclosing the embryo, eventually giving rise to the amnion and chorion[Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005972 tunnel of Corti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A triangular, fluid-filled space normally found between the inner and outer rows of supporting pillar cells in the organ of Corti. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005973 blood-inner ear barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The function of the group of barriers and transport systems which regulate the transport of various substances from blood to inner ear tissue and maintain the microhomeostasis and functional integrity of the inner ear; the endothelial cells of the inner ear blood capillaries, linked to each other by tight junctions, represent the main component of the blood-inner ear barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005974 posterior cerebellomedullary cistern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004049 cerebellomedullary cistern A space between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla[MP]. The cisterna magna (or cerebellomedullary cistern) is one of three principal openings in the subarachnoid space between the arachnoid and pia mater layers of the meninges surrounding the brain. The openings are collectively referred to as cisterns. The cisterna magna is located between the cerebellum and the dorsal surface of the medulla oblongata. Cerebrospinal fluid produced in the fourth ventricle drains into the cisterna magna via the lateral apertures and median aperture. The two other principal cisterns are the pontine cistern located between the pons and the medulla, and the interpeduncular cistern located between the cerebral peduncles. Cerebral spinal fluid can also be obtained by puncture of the cisterna magna (cistern puncture). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005975 hair follicle bulge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019204 skin epithelium The area located in the bottom of the permanent portion of a resting (telogen) hair follicle where the cells of the external root sheath of the hair follicle are contiguous with the basal layer of the epidermis; this portion of the follicle is involved in the generation of a new hair at the onset of the hair growth cycle (anagen) and contains the hair follicle stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005976 ansiform lobule crus I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014648 hemisphere part of cerebellar posterior lobe Missing definition for term UBERON:0005976. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005977 ansiform lobule crus II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014648 hemisphere part of cerebellar posterior lobe Missing definition for term UBERON:0005977. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005978 olfactory bulb outer nerve layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004001 olfactory bulb layer Superficial layer of the main olfactory bulb containing axons from the olfactory nerve and glial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005979 crista terminalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The vertical crest of the interior wall of the right atrium that lies to the right of the sinus of the vena cava and separates this from the remainder of the right atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005980 pectinate muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The prominent ridges of atrial myocardium located on the inner surface of most of the right atrium and both the right and left auricular regions[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005981 vena cava sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The portion of the cavity of the right atrium of the heart that receives the blood from the vena cavae and is separated from the rest of the atrium by the crista terminalis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005982 Bachmann's bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010131 conducting tissue of heart The impulse conduction tract that originates in the sinoatrial node and transmits signal to the left atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005983 heart layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer The laminar structure of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005984 subendocardium layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005983 heart layer The layer of loose fibrous tissue located between the endocardium and myocardium which contains the nerves and the impulse-conducting system (Purkinje fibers) of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005985 coronary vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any of the arteries or veins that supply blood to the heart or return blood from the heart muscles to the circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005986 left bundle branch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle The left branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates at the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the left ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fiber[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005987 right bundle branch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle The right branch of the atrioventricular bundle that separates just below the bundle of His, descends the septal wall of the right ventricle and connects to the terminal Purkinje fibers[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005988 atrium myocardial trabecula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atrial myocardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005989 atrioventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The wall of the heart that separates the right atrium and left ventricle; and is located just above the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005990 aortic valve cusp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006009 cusp of cardiac valve The three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the aortic valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005991 aortic valve anulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The fibrous ring of the aortic valve that attaches the cusps of aortic valve to the wall of left ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the posterior, right anterior and left anterior cusps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005992 pulmonary valve cusp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006009 cusp of cardiac valve The three fibrous triangular components and associated flap of the pulmonary valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005993 pulmonary valve anulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The fibrous ring of the pulmonary valve that attaches the cusps of pulmonary valve to the wall of right ventricle, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior, right posterior and left posterior cusps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005994 chorda tendineae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The tendinous strands that connect the papillary muscles on the wall of the ventricles to the leaflets of the atrioventricular valves; the chordae tendineae serve to prevent the AV valves from prolapsing back into the atria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005995 mitral valve anulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The fibrous ring of the mitral valve that attaches the cusps of mitral valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior and posterior cusps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005996 mitral valve cusp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006009 cusp of cardiac valve The two fibrous components and associated flaps of the mitral valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005997 tricuspid valve anulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The fibrous ring of the tricuspid valve that attaches the cusps of tricuspid valve to the heart, and which consists of portions of the fibrous scallops of the anterior cusp (infundibular cusp), the posterior cusp (marginal cusp), and the septal cusp (medial cusp). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005998 tricuspid valve cusp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006009 cusp of cardiac valve The three fibrous triangular components and associated flaps of the tricuspid valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006002 vitelline artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004365 vitelline blood vessel The paired arteries that carry blood to the yolk sac from the dorsal aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006003 integumentary adnexa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Anatomical structure embedded in or located in the integument that is part of the integumental system. Examples: hair, follicles, skin glands, claws, nails, feathers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006004 hair follicle matrix region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019204 skin epithelium The bulb region adjacent to the dermal papilla that contains rapidly proliferating matrix cells that give rise to the various cell lineages of the hair shaft and inner root sheath. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006005 hair follicle isthmus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019204 skin epithelium The middle part of the hair follicle that extends from the sebaceous duct to the bulge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006006 metoptic pillar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The posterior border of the optic nerve foramen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006007 pre-Botzinger complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster The group of interneurons within the medulla oblongata's ventral respiratory group that are important for the generation of ventilatory (inspiratory) rhythmogenesis[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006008 fibrous ring of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006444 annulus fibrosus A ring of ribrous tissue that surrounds the atrioventricular and arterial orifices. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006009 cusp of cardiac valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The part of the heart valves that serves to seal the heart valves when closed. There are three cusps for each valve except for the mitral valve, which has only two (hence its alternate name, 'bicuspid valve'). 'Nodules' are located at the tip of the valve, to form a tighter seal[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006010 hyaloid canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A small transparent canal running through the vitreous body from the optical nerve disc to the lens. It is formed by an invagination of the hyaloid, a membrane which encloses the vitreous body[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006012 interdigital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010858 inter limb-segment region Anatomical region connecting two digits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006013 interdigital region between manual digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006012 interdigital region An interdigital region that is part of a manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006014 interdigital region between pedal digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006012 interdigital region An interdigital region that is part of a pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006016 interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006012 interdigital region An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 1 and adjacent_to a digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006019 interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006012 interdigital region An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 2 and adjacent_to a digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006022 interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006012 interdigital region An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 3 and adjacent_to a digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006025 interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006012 interdigital region An interdigital region that adjacent_to a digit 4 and adjacent_to a digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006026 interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006016 interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 1 and adjacent_to a manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006029 interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006019 interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 2 and adjacent_to a manual digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006032 interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006022 interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 3 and adjacent_to a manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006035 interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006025 interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a manual digit 4 and adjacent_to a manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006038 interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006016 interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 1 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006041 interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006019 interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 2 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006044 interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006022 interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 3 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006047 interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006025 interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 An interdigital region that adjacent_to a pedal digit 4 and adjacent_to a pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006048 digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019221 digit 1 or 5 A digit that is part of a digit 1 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006049 digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019222 digit 2, 3 or 4 A digit that is part of a digit 2 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006050 digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019222 digit 2, 3 or 4 A digit that is part of a digit 3 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006051 digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019222 digit 2, 3 or 4 A digit that is part of a digit 4 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006058 multi-limb segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010758 subdivision of organism along appendicular axis A collection of two or more connected limb segments. Examples: arm (comprising stylopod and zeugopod regions). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006060 conotruncus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The distal portion of Bulbus cordis that forms an outflow channel and gives rise to the proximal conus cordis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006061 process of vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection A process projection from a part of the vertebra such as centrum or arches. Examples: transverse process, diapophyses, parapophyses, and zygapophyses (both the cranial zygapophyses and the caudal zygapophyses). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006062 zygapophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Paired processes at the cephalic and caudal ends of the neural arch. They function as interlocking structures between adjacent vertebrae, and limit dorsoventral flexion and lateral movement of the column in the trunk region[AAO]. The articular processes or zygapophyses of a vertebra, in human anatomy contain two superior and two inferior, spring from the junctions of the pedicles and laminae. These stick out of an end of a vertebra to lock with a zygapophysis on the next vertebra, to make the backbone more stable. The superior processes project upward from a lower vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less backward. The inferior processes project downward from a higher vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less forward and outward. The articular surfaces are coated with hyaline cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006063 cartilaginous neural arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010358 arch of centrum of vertebra One of the cartilaginous structures surrounding the embryonic spinal cord, formed by the dorsal growth of the dorsolateral arcualia; it is the primordium of the vertebral arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006067 musculature of hindlimb zeugopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004466 musculature of leg Any collection of muscles that is part of a hindlimb zeugopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006068 bone of tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A bone that is part of a post-anal tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006071 caudal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis Subdivision of an organism along anterior-posterior axis that is the posteriormost region, extending past the anus (or cloaca, if present), consisting of a tail in some fully formed chordates (or a tail bud in embryos). In animals that have a sacral region, this is the region immediately posterior to this. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006072 cervical region of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006077 subdivision of vertebral column That portion of the spine comprising the cervical vertebrae. The neck area of the spine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006073 thoracic region of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006077 subdivision of vertebral column That part of the spine comprising the thoracic vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006074 lumbar region of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006077 subdivision of vertebral column Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the lumbar subdivision of the body, containing the lumbar vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006075 sacral region of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006077 subdivision of vertebral column Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the sacral subdivision of the body, containing the sacral vertebrae or sacrum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006076 caudal region of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006077 subdivision of vertebral column Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the caudal subdivision of the body, containing the caudal vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006077 subdivision of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system A collection of all skeletal elements in some subdivision of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006082 fundus of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The base or posterior surface of the urinary bladder contains the trigone of the bladder and the outlet where urine empties through the internal urethral orifice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006086 stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013199 stria of neuraxis The major afferent track to the habenula from the telencephalon (particularly in the septal side) in all vertebrates[Butler and Hodos]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006098 basal nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019264 gray matter of forebrain The deep nuclei of telencephalic origin found in the basal region of the forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006127 funiculus of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006133 funiculus of neuraxis A funiculus of neuraxis that is part of a spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006133 funiculus of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster The cerebrospinal nerves consist of numerous nerve fibers collected together and enclosed in membranous sheaths. A small bundle of fibers, enclosed in a tubular sheath, is called a funiculus; if the nerve is of small size, it may consist only of a single funiculus; but if large, the funiculi are collected together into larger bundles or fasciculi, which are bound together in a common membranous investment. Examples include: Anterior funiculus of the spinal cord Lateral funiculus of the spinal cord Posterior funiculus of the spinal cord Funiculus solitarius of the medulla Funiculus separans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006134 nerve fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure A threadlike extension of a nerve cell and consists of an axon and myelin sheath (if it is myelinated) in the nervous system. There are nerve fibers in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. A nerve fiber may be myelinated and/or unmyelinated. In the central nervous system (CNS), myelin by oligodendroglia cells is formed. Schwann cells form myelin in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Schwann cells also make a thin covering in an axon without myelin (in the PNS). A peripheral nerve fiber contains an axon, myelin sheath, schwann cells and its endoneurium. There are no endoneurium and schwann cells in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006135 myelinated nerve fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006134 nerve fiber Axons of neurons encased in a lipoproteinaceous material called myelin. (MeSH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006170 mesonephric capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The mesonephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the mesonephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006182 mesonephric glomerular mesangium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002320 glomerular mesangium The mesonephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the mesonephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006183 mesonephric glomerular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004212 glomerular capillary Missing definition for term UBERON:0006183. Please replace it using linked reference. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006190 mesonephric distal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005330 mesonephric nephron epithelium The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006192 mesonephric proximal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005330 mesonephric nephron epithelium The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006204 inguinal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005172 abdomen element A band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. Its anatomy is very important for operating on hernia patients. It forms the base of the inguinal canal through which an indirect inguinal hernia may develop. The inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac spine of the ilium to the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone. It is formed by the external abdominal oblique aponeurosis and is continuous with the fascia lata of the thigh. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006206 iridocorneal angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000015 non-material anatomical boundary Acute angle occurring between the iris and the cornea at the periphery of the anterior chamber of the eye[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006207 aortico-pulmonary spiral septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The spiral septum that separates the truncus arteriosus into a ventral pulmonary trunk and the dorsal aorta[MP]. The aorticopulmonary septum is developmentally formed from neural crest, specifically the cardiac neural crest, and actively separates the aorta and pulmonary arteries and fuses with the interventricular septum within the heart during development. The actual mechanism of septation of the outflow tract is poorly understood, but is recognized as a dynamic process with contributions from contractile, hemodynamic, and extracellular matrix interactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006208 auditory hillocks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster A collection of protruberances derived from pharyngeal arches 1 and 2 that develop into the folds of the pinna and gradually shift upwards and backwards to their final position on the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006209 basioccipital cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015048 basioccipital endochondral element A basioccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006211 buccopharyngeal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037 septum The thin bilaminar membrane derived from the prechordal plate that is devoid of mesoderm and formed by the apposition of the stomodeal ectoderm with the foregut endoderm; after the embryonic head fold has evolved it lies at the caudal limit of the stomodeum, forming a septum between the primitive mouth and pharynx; the membrane eventually disappears, and thus a communication is established between the mouth and the future pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006213 carpus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015049 carpus endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a carpal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006214 carpus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015049 carpus endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a carpal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006215 rhombic lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006216 cervical sinus of His http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016566 pit A temporary depression caudal to the second pharyngeal arch, containing the succeeding pharyngeal arches; it is overgrown by the second pharyngeal arch and closes off as the cervical vesicle. This sinus is bounded in front by the hyoid arch, and behind by the thoracic wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006217 cloacal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 membranous layer The membrane that covers the embryonic cloaca, formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm; the urorectal septum joins the cloacal membrane and divides it into an anal membrane and a urogenital membrane; the point where the urorectal septum intersects the cloacal membrane is the future site of the perineal body; proliferation of mesoderm and ectoderm around the cloacal membrane produces primordial tissues of the external genitalia in both sexes: the genital tubercle, genital folds, and genital swellings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006222 future diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The foremost region of the future forebrain that develops into the diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006228 exoccipital pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015051 exoccipital endochondral element An exoccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006233 female genital tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011757 differentiated genital tubercle A differentiated genital tubercle that is part of a female reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006234 femur pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015052 femur endochondral element A femur endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006235 foregut-midgut junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1100000 digestive tract junction An anatomical junctions that overlaps the foregut and midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006238 future brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The embryonic precursor of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006239 future central tendon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A tendon that has the potential to develop into a central tendon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006240 future forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006242 gallbladder primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A sac-like cavity ventral to the liver, lying in the sub-mesodermal space and closed by a thin sheet of ectodermal cells, from which the future gall bladder develops. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006245 humerus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015053 humerus endochondral element A humerus endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006246 humerus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015053 humerus endochondral element A humerus endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006248 incus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015017 incus endochondral element An incus endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006250 infundibular recess of 3rd ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium A funnel-shaped diverticulum that extends downward from the anterior aspect of the floor of the third ventricle into the infundibulum of the hypophysis; the embryonic structure gives rise the neural component of the pituitary (pas nervosa). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006254 ischial cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015056 ischial endochondral element An ischial endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006255 ischial pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015056 ischial endochondral element An ischial endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006261 male genital tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011757 differentiated genital tubercle A differentiated genital tubercle that is part of a male reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006262 malleus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015018 malleus endochondral element A malleus endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006264 mouth-foregut junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction An anatomical junctions that overlaps the mouth and foregut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006265 mural trophectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016888 transitional anatomical structure Trophectoderm that surrounds blastocyst cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006266 nasolacrimal groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019306 nose epithelium Groove between maxillary prominence and lateral nasal process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006267 notochordal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The notochordal plate is the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down. It is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube. The folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006268 notochordal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure A midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006270 optic pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006846 surface groove A small indentation in the central part of the optic placode. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006271 orbital fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull Either of two openings transmitting nerves and blood vessels to or from the orbit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006273 otic pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016566 pit The pair of depressions of thickened otic placode epithelium, that further develops into the otic vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006278 pleuropericardial folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Each of the folds that grow out from the lateral part of the body wall. They fuse and meet with the dorsal and ventral mesentery of the foregut, separating the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006279 pleuroperitoneal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Each of the canals that links the peritoneal cavity and the caudal part of a pleural cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006280 polar trophectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016888 transitional anatomical structure Trophectoderm that surrounds the inner cell mass (ICM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006283 future cardiac ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006284 early prosencephalic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013150 future brain vesicle Future brain vesicle that gives rise to telencephalic ventricle/lateral ventricles and 3rd ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006285 pubic pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015055 pubic endochondral element A pubic endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006286 radius cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015001 radius endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a radius bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006287 radius-ulna pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015002 radius-ulna endochondral element A radius-ulna endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006288 rib cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015019 rib endochondral element A rib endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006289 rib pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015019 rib endochondral element A rib endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006290 scapula cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015057 scapula endochondral element A scapula endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006291 scapula pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015057 scapula endochondral element A scapula endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006293 spleen primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A dense syncitial-like mesenchymal thickening in the dorsal mesogastrium[ISBN]. the embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing spleen[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006294 stapes pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015016 stapes endochondral element A stapes endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006297 sublingual gland primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017651 salivary gland primordium A primordium that has the potential to develop into a sublingual gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006298 submandibular gland primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017651 salivary gland primordium A primordium that has the potential to develop into a submandibular gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006300 supracardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013140 systemic vein Either of two veins in the mammalian embryo and various adult lower vertebrate forms located in the thoracic and abdominal regions dorsolateral to and on either side of the descending aorta and giving rise to the azygos and hemiazygos veins and a part of the inferior vena cava[MW]. These veins drain the body wall via the segmental intercostal veins, thus taking over the function of the posterior cardinals[ISBN]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006306 ulna cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015003 ulna endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a ulna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006311 chamber of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A segment of the eyeball that is filled with refractive media. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006312 ocular refractive media http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Body substance in a liquid or semi-solid state in the eyeball which serves to refract light. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006321 superior oblique extraocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006532 oblique extraocular muscle The superior oblique muscle, or obliquus oculi superior, is a fusiform muscle in the upper, medial side of the orbit whose primary action is downward, lateral rotation of the eye. One of the extraocular muscles, the superior oblique is the only muscle innervated by the trochlear nerve (the fourth cranial nerve). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006322 inferior rectus extraocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006533 rectus extraocular muscle A muscle in the orbit that depresses, adducts, and helps extort (rotate laterally) the eye. The inferior rectus muscle is the only muscle that is capable of depressing the pupil when it is in a fully abducted position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006323 superior rectus extraocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006533 rectus extraocular muscle The superior rectus muscle is a muscle in the orbit. It is one of the extraocular muscles. It is innervated by the superior division of the oculomotor nerve (Cranial Nerve III). In the primary position (looking straight ahead), the superior rectus muscle's primary function is elevation, although it also contributes to intorsion and adduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006329 superior pharyngeal constrictor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001569 constrictor muscle of pharynx The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a quadrilateral muscle, thinner and paler than the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle and middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006330 anterior lingual gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003409 gland of tongue The small glands located near the apex of the tongue on either side of the frenulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006331 brainstem nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain A nucleus of brain that is part of a brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006332 nasal capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001823 nasal cartilage An embryonic cartilaginous frame, the nasal capsule, an evolutionary-conserved structure composed of ventral and dorsal components: the mesethmoid and ectethmoid cartilages, respectively.[PMID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006338 lateral ventricle choroid plexus stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005206 choroid plexus stroma A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a lateral ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006339 third ventricle choroid plexus stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005206 choroid plexus stroma A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a third ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006340 fourth ventricle choroid plexus stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005206 choroid plexus stroma A choroid plexus stroma that is part of a fourth ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006341 outer renal medulla peritubular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005272 peritubular capillary A peritubular capillary that is part of a outer medulla of kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006345 stapedial artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003496 head blood vessel A small artery that passes through the ring of the stapes; while the stapedial artery is a temporary artery thought to disappear at late embryonic stage in humans, the mouse stapedial artery is complete by E13 and persists into adulthood[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006347 communicating artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that connects two larger arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006349 epigastric artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An external iliac artery branch that supplies blood to the anterior abdominal wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006356 epigastric vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains the anterior abdominal wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006364 ureteric bud tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct The terminal end of the ureteric tree; the ureteric tip cells are proliferating immature cells located at the branching points that induce the adjacent cap mesenchyme to undergo nephrogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006373 perihilar interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005215 kidney interstitium The part of the renal interstitium surrounding the pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006378 strand of vibrissa hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A specialized hair usually employed for tactile sensation. Vibrissae hair grow around the nostrils, above the lips, and on other parts of the face of most mammals, and all primates except humans. vibrissae are different from other hairs because they are implanted in a special hair follicle incorporating a capsule of blood called a blood sinus and heavily innervated by sensory nerves[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006428 basisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone Part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult; in many animals it persists as a separate bone between the basioccipital bone and the presphenoidal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006430 xiphoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage A costal cartilage that is part of a xiphoid process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006431 xiphoid process bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003837 thoracic segment connective tissue A bone tissue that is part of a xiphoid process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006435 os penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007719 bone of reproductive organ The unique bone located in the glans penis of most mammals except humans; it is used for copulation and varies in size and shape by species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006440 os clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007719 bone of reproductive organ The ossified region of endochondral and membranous bone located in the clitoris of most mammals except humans; it is homologous to the penile bone (aka as baculum, penis bone or os penis) in male mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006444 annulus fibrosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001995 fibrocartilage A ring of fibrous or fibrocartilaginous tissue (as of an intervertebral disk or surrounding an orifice of the heart). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006497 interosseous muscle of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014378 intrinsic muscle of pes Any of the interosseous muscles of the pes (foot). Includes the plantar and dorsal interossei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006508 interosseous muscle of autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003661 limb muscle Any of the muscles of the autopod region that lie between metacarpal or metatarsal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006514 pallidum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter Part of what are called the basal ganglia of the brain which consist of the globus pallidus and the ventral pallidum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006517 kidney calyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit Recesses of the kidney pelvis which divides into two wide, cup-shaped major renal calices, with each major calix subdivided into 7 to 14 minor calices. Urine empties into a minor calix from collecting tubules, then passes through the major calix, renal pelvis, and ureter to enter the urinary bladder. (From Moore, Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 3d ed, p211). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006518 right lung lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000101 lobe of lung A lobe of lung that is part of a right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006524 alveolar system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision System pertaining to a bronchus and alveoli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006530 seminal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006536 male reproductive gland secretion A substance formed from the secretion of one or more glands of the male genital tract in which sperm cells are suspended. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006531 oculomotor muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001601 extra-ocular muscle The muscles that move the eye. Included in this group are the medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, musculus orbitalis, and levator palpebrae superioris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006534 renal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule Any region of a nephron tubule that is convoluted. Examples: distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tuble. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006535 skin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance A portion of organism substance that secreted_by a zone of skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006536 male reproductive gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022293 reproductive gland secretion A portion of organism substance that is secreted by a male reproductive gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006537 female reproductive gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022293 reproductive gland secretion A portion of organism substance that is secreted by a female reproductive gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006538 respiratory system fluid/secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance A portion of organism substance that secreted_by a respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006539 mammary gland fluid/secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland A substance that is secreted by a mammary gland. The substance may differ depending on phase, with colostrum produced during pregancy/early lactation, and milk produced afterwards. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006541 outer medulla inner stripe loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034996 outer renal medulla loop of Henle A loop of Henle that is part of a kidney outer medulla inner stripe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006542 outer medulla outer stripe loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034996 outer renal medulla loop of Henle A loop of Henle that is part of a kidney outer medulla outer stripe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006544 kidney vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ A vasculature that is part of a kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006553 renal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000058 duct A tube in the kidney that collect and transport urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 tube A tube that is part of a excretory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006561 non-lymphatic part of lymphoid system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision An organ system subdivision that is the part of the lymphoid system that excludes the lymphatic vessels.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006563 tunica media of pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007239 tunica media of artery Tunica media of artery which is continuous with the myocardium of right ventricle.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006565 female urethral meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012240 urethral meatus A urethral meatus that is part of a female urethra[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006566 left ventricle myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001083 myocardium of ventricle A myocardium that is part of a left ventricle of a heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006567 right ventricle myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001083 myocardium of ventricle A myocardium that is part of a right ventricle of a heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006568 hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006569 diencephalic nucleus A nucleus of brain that is part of a hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006569 diencephalic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain A nucleus of brain that is part of a diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006570 trabecula carnea of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002511 trabecula carnea A trabecula carnea that is part of a heart right ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006571 trabecula carnea of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002511 trabecula carnea A trabecula carnea that is part of a heart left ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006574 pectinate line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410024 intestinal junction The pectinate line (anocutaneous line, dentate line, anorectal junction) is a line which divides the upper 2/3rds and lower 1/3rd of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents the hindgut-proctodeum junction. It is an important anatomical landmark, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to this line:. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006585 vestibular organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ An organ that is part of a vestibular system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006586 otolymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007779 transudate Transudate located within the osseus labyrinth. Otolymph can be further classified with respect to whether it is within the membranous labyrinth (endolymph) or outside the mebranous labyrinth (perilymph). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006590 remnant of embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005160 vestigial structure A vestigial structure that is a remnant of an embryonic structure that remains in the adult organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006591 transformed artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006590 remnant of embryonic structure A remnant of embryonic structure that develops_from a artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006592 transformed vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006590 remnant of embryonic structure A remnant of embryonic structure that develops_from a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006595 presumptive endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Portion of embryonic tissue determined by fate mapping to become a structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006601 presumptive ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006603 presumptive mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Presumptive structure of the blastula that will develop into mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006606 mandibular symphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002216 symphysis A cartilaginous joint that connects left and right mandibles/dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired[TAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006610 tunica albuginea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Denser fibrous covering over one of: penis, testicles or ovaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006614 aponeurosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 membranous layer A sheet of extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006615 venous sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003920 venous blood vessel A large vein or channel for the circulation of venous blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006616 right external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001691 external ear An external ear that is in the right side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006617 left external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001691 external ear An external ear that is in the left side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006618 atrium auricular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A small conical pouch projections located on the upper anterior portion of each atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006630 left atrium auricular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006618 atrium auricular region A muscular pouch connected to the left atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006631 right atrium auricular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006618 atrium auricular region A small conical muscular pouch attached to the right atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006632 musculo-phrenic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002057 phrenic artery An artery with its origin in the lateral terminal branch of the internal thoracic artery, with distribution to the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles, and with anastomoses to the branches of the pericardiacophrenic and inferior phrenic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006633 coracoid process of scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ A process of the scapula in most mammals representing the remnant of the coracoid bone of lower vertebrates thas has become fused with the scapula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006635 anterior abdominal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity. The abdominal wall is split into the posterior (back), lateral (sides) and anterior (front) walls. There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the extraperitoneal fat, the parietal peritoneum, and a layer of fascia which has different names over where it covers (eg transversalis, psoas fascia). Superficial to these, but not present in the posterior wall are the three layers of muscle, the transversus abdominis (transverse abdominal muscle), the internal (obliquus internus) and the external oblique (obliquus externus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006642 muscle layer of oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscle layer that is part of a fallopian tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006643 tunica albuginea of testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006610 tunica albuginea The dense fibrous connective tissue layer that covers the testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006645 adventitia of epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005742 adventitia An adventitia that is part of a epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006646 muscle layer of epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscle layer that is part of a epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006647 adventitia of ductus deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005742 adventitia An adventitia that is part of a vas deferens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006648 adventitia of seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005742 adventitia An adventitia that is part of a seminal vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006650 tunica vaginalis testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The outer coelomic epithelial covering of the testis; a sac of serous tissue covering the testis and the epididymis within which the testis can move about; it covers the tunica albuginea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006653 glans clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008324 erectile tissue Erectile tissue at the end of the clitoris, which is continuous with the intermediate part of the vestibulovaginal bulbs[BTO]. The clitoral glans (glans clitoridis) is an external portion of the clitoris[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006657 glenoid fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004704 bone fossa Anatomical cavity for the proximal articular surface of the proximal limb or fin element with the scapulocoracoid or equivalent structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006658 interphalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint A joint that connects one phalanx to another along a proximodistal axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018260 layer of muscle tissue A region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa membrane. It is responsible for gut movement such as peristalsis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006661 epicranial aponeurosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006614 aponeurosis The galea aponeurotica (epicranial aponeurosis, aponeurosis epicranialis) is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which covers the upper part of the cranium; behind, it is attached, in the interval between its union with the Occipitales, to the external occipital protuberance and highest nuchal lines of the occipital bone; in front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its union with the Frontales. On either side it gives origin to the Auriculares anterior and superior; in this situation it loses its aponeurotic character, and is continued over the temporal fascia to the zygomatic arch as a layer of laminated areolar tissue. It is closely connected to the integument by the firm, dense, fibro-fatty layer which forms the superficial fascia of the scalp: it is attached to the pericranium by loose cellular tissue, which allows the aponeurosis, carrying with it the integument to move through a considerable distance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006668 carotid canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull On the interior surface of the temporal bone, behind the rough surface of the apex, is the large circular aperture of the carotid canal, which ascends at first vertically, and then, making a bend, runs horizontally forward and medialward. It transmits into the cranium, the internal carotid artery, and the carotid plexus of nerves. Sympathetics to the head also pass through the carotid canal. They have several motor functions: raise the eyelid (superior tarsal muscle), dilate pupil, innervate sweat glands of face and scalp and constricts blood vessels in head[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006670 central tendon of diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003837 thoracic segment connective tissue The three-lobed cloverleaf-shaped aponeurosis situated at the center of the diaphragm; the central tendon is fused with the fibrous pericardium that provides attachment for the muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006671 orbital fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad A fat pad that is part of a orbital region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006672 incisive canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull One of several bony canals leading from the floor of the nasal cavity into the incisive fossa on the palatal surface of the maxilla; they convey the nasopalatine nerves and branches of the greater palatine arteries that anastomose with the septal branch of the sphenopalatine artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006673 mandibular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull A canal within the mandible that contains the inferior alveolar nerve, inferior alveolar artery, and inferior alveolar vein. It runs obliquely downward and forward in the ramus, and then horizontally forward in the body, where it is placed under the alveoli and communicates with them by small openings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006675 venous valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A valve that is part of a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006676 muscularis mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004226 gastrointestinal system smooth muscle A thin layer of smooth muscle found in most parts of the gastrointestinal tract, located outside the lamina propria mucosae and separating it from the submucosa[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006677 surface of epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region An anatomical boundary that adjacent_to a epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006682 hypoglossal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull The hypoglossal canal is a bony canal in the occipital bone of the skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006683 posterior fontanelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002221 fontanelle A gap between bones in the skull at the junction of the sagittal suture and lambdoidal suture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006686 spinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that is part of a vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006689 frenulum of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036293 oral frenulum A small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006692 vertebral canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit A conduit enclosed within the vertebral foramen of the vertebrae through which the spinal cord passes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006694 cerebellum vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036303 vasculature of central nervous system A vasculature that is part of a cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006695 mammillary axonal complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster The mammillary axonal complex is formed by the axons from the lateral, medial mammillary and the dorsal premammillary nuclei which share a branching pattern. Every neuron gives off one axonal stem that bifurcates into 2 branches. One of the branches is directed dorsally to the thalamus and another caudally to the midbrain[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006699 foramen cecum of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005160 vestigial structure The median pit on the dorsum of the posterior part of the tongue, from which the limbs of a V-shaped furrow run forward and outward; the foramen cecum is the point of attachment of the thyroglossal duct and is formed during the embryological descent of the thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006715 radio-ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015002 radius-ulna endochondral element Paired, long bones of endochondral origin formed by the fusion of the radius and ulna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006716 mesopodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment The third segment of the limb, including either the wrist segment (carpus) or the ankle segment (tarsus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006717 autopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision The collection of all skeletal elements in an autopodium region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006719 lateral pterygoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006720 pterygoid muscle Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, is innervated by the lateral pterygoid nerve branches, and attaches to the condylar process of the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule, and the cranial base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006721 alisphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Either of the broad curved wing like expanses on each side of the sphenoid bone in adults; may exist independently in the young. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006722 manubrium of malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The handle of the malleus; the portion that extends downward, inward, and backward from the neck of the malleus; it is embedded throughout its length in the tympanic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006723 cochlear modiolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The central cone shaped core of spongy bone about which turns the spiral canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006725 spiral ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament A spiral thickening of the fibrous lining of the cochlear wall. Spiral ligament secures the membranous cochlear duct to the bony spiral canal of the cochlea. Its spiral ligament fibrocytes function in conjunction with the stria vascularis to mediate cochlear ion homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006726 outer canthus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A corner of the outer (lateral) part of an eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006729 liver perisinusoidal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The extravascular space in the liver between the parenchymal cells and a sinusoid that contains the blood plasma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006742 canthus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction A canthus is a corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet. The bicanthal plane is the transversal plane linking both canthi and defines the upper boundary of the midface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006756 median lingual swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure During the third week of embryological development there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line. The site of their meeting remains post-embryonically as the median sulcus of the tongue. The tuberculum impar is said to form the central part of the tongue immediately in front of the foramen cecum, but Hammar insists that it is purely a transitory structure and forms no part of the adult tongue[WP, Gray's]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006757 lateral lingual swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure During the third week there appears, immediately behind the ventral ends of the two halves of the mandibular arch, a rounded swelling named the tuberculum impar, which was described by His as undergoing enlargement to form the buccal part of the tongue. More recent researches, however, show that this part of the tongue is mainly, if not entirely, developed from a pair of lateral swellings (or distal tongue bud) which rise from the inner surface of the mandibular arch and meet in the middle line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006761 corneo-scleral junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction The edge of the cornea where it joins the sclera; the limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006763 epithelium of conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium Layer of nonkeratinized squamous epithelium lining the conjunctiva, overlying scleral tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006764 anterior communicating artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006347 communicating artery A blood vessel of the brain that connects the left and right anterior cerebral arteries. The anterior communicating artery connects the two anterior cerebral arteries across the commencement of the longitudinal fissure. Sometimes this vessel is wanting, the two arteries joining together to form a single trunk, which afterward divides; or it may be wholly, or partially, divided into two. Its length averages about 4 mm, but varies greatly. It gives off some of the anteromedial ganglionic vessels, but these are principally derived from the anterior cerebral artery. It is part of the cerebral arterial circle, also known as the circle of Willis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006767 head of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone The hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone[Stedman, 26th ed]. The femur head is the highest part of the thigh bone. It is supported by the neck of the femur. The head is globular and forms rather more than a hemisphere, is directed upward, medialward, and a little forward, the greater part of its convexity being above and in front. Its surface is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea capitis femoris, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligament of head of femur. If there is a fracture of the neck of the femur, the blood supply through the ligament becomes crucial. In orthopedic surgery, the head of the femur is important because it can undergo avascular necrosis and consequent osteochondritis dissecans. The head is removed in total hip replacement surgery [WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006771 long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006775 zone of epiphyseal plate Germinal layer of the epiphyseal plate where cells are actively dividing as well as producing extracellular matrix[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006772 long bone epiphyseal plate hypertrophic zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006775 zone of epiphyseal plate The layer of the epiphyseal plate of a long bone where chondrocytes mature and enlarge[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006777 tectal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Embryologic structure that is formed by two longitudinal eminences, one on each alar plate of the midbrain. These eminences become the superior colliculus and inferior colliculus ( Carpenter-1983 )]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006783 layer of superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer The microstructure of the optic tectum / superior colliculus varies across species. As a general rule, there is always a clear distinction between superficial layers, which receive input primarily from the visual system and show primarily visual responses, and deeper layers, which receive many types of input and project to numerous motor-related brain areas. The distinction between these two zones is so clear and consistent that some anatomists have suggested that they should be considered separate brain structures. In mammals, neuroanatomists conventionally identify seven layers[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006785 gray matter layer of superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016548 central nervous system gray matter layer A central nervous system gray matter layer that is part of a superior colliculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006786 white matter of superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016549 central nervous system white matter layer A central nervous system white matter layer that is part of a superior colliculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006791 superficial layer of superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006783 layer of superior colliculus The outermost layer of the superior colliculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006792 intermediate layer of superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006783 layer of superior colliculus A layer of superior colliculus that lies between the superficial layer and the deep layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006793 deep layer of superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006783 layer of superior colliculus The innermost layer of the superior colliculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006799 glandular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that is composed primarily of secretory cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000015 non-material anatomical boundary Non-material anatomical entity of one dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical surface or is a modulation of an anatomical surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006802 acetabular rim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ A prominent unever rim that bounds the acetabulum, serving as the attachment for the acetabular labrum, which reduces its opening, and deepens the surface for formation of the hip joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006803 obturator foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The obturator foramen is the hole created by the ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis through which nerves and muscles pass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006804 reticular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011825 loose connective tissue Loose connective tissue which consists of an irregular network of cells and reticular fibers and is spatially associated with myeloid and lymphoid cells. Examples: stroma of bone marrow, stroma of spleen, stroma of lymph node.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006812 mental foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull The mental foramen is one of two holes ('foramina') located on the anterior surface of the mandible. It permits passage of the mental nerve and vessels. The mental foramen descends slightly in edentulous individuals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006813 nasal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Structural framework that provides support to the nasal sacs and ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006815 areolar connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011825 loose connective tissue Loose connective tissue located at the outer and inner layers of organs. Examples: submucosal connective tissue, tunica adventitia of artery, papillary dermis, superficial fascia of dorsum of hand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006820 body of sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The middle and longest portion of the sternum, lying between the manubrium superiorly and the xiphoid process inferiorly; it considerably lengthier, narrower, and thinner than the manubrium, attains its greatest breadth close to the lower end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006822 proximal epiphysis of ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004386 epiphysis of ulna The head of ulna presents an articular surface, part of which, of an oval or semilunar form, is directed downward, and articulates with the upper surface of the triangular articular disk which separates it from the wrist-joint; the remaining portion, directed lateralward, is narrow, convex, and received into the ulnar notch of the radius. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006828 trabecula carnea of atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002511 trabecula carnea The supporting bundles of muscular fibers lining the walls of the atria[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006833 lumen of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that surrounded_by a trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006834 uterus or analog http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube A subdivision of a the reproductive tract in a female organism that is the site of embryo development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006838 ventral ramus of spinal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve Branch of spinal nerve that innervates the hypaxial muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006839 dorsal ramus of spinal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve Branch of spinal nerve that innervates the epaxial muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006841 central vein of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015796 liver blood vessel Vein that is central to a lobule in the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster The initial segment of a cranial nerve, leaving the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006844 cusp of tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A raised area of the biting surface of a tooth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006846 surface groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity A furrow or an incomplete tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006847 cerebellar commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001020 nervous system commissure A nervous system commissure that connects a left hemisphere of cerebellum and connects a right hemisphere of cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006849 scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015057 scapula endochondral element Endochondral bone that is dorsoventrally compressed and provides attachment site for muscles of the pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006851 renal cortex peritubular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005272 peritubular capillary A peritubular capillary that is part of a cortex of kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006853 renal cortex tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule A region of nephron tubule that is part of a cortex of kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006855 muscular coat of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscular coat that is part of a ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006858 adrenal/interrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006861 diaphysis proper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone Subdivision of long bone which forms the part of the bone between two metaphyses. Note that the diaphysis includes the metaphyses, but the diaphysis proper excludes these. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006862 diaphysis of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis A diaphysis that is part of a femur[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006863 proximal metaphysis of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006865 metaphysis of femur A proximal metaphysis that is part of a femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006864 distal metaphysis of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006865 metaphysis of femur A distal metaphysis that is part of a femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006865 metaphysis of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A metaphysis that is part of a femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006866 terminal part of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The distalmost portion of the digestive tract, derived from the hindgut, and terminating with the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006867 anal part of perineum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The anal triangle is the posterior part of the perineum. It contains the anal canal. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006868 seminal fluid secreting gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005399 male reproductive gland A gland that secretes a seminal fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006871 embryonic footplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010130 embryonic autopod plate The distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the pes (foot). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006872 handplate apical ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004356 apical ectodermal ridge An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a handplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006875 embryonic handplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010130 embryonic autopod plate The distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the manus (hand). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vasculature that is part of a organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006877 vasculature of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ A vasculature that is part of a liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006904 head mesenchyme from mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005253 head mesenchyme A head mesenchyme that develops_from a mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006905 mandibular process mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005253 head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a mandibular prominence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006909 lumen of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that surrounded_by a digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006912 urinary bladder muscularis mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006676 muscularis mucosa A thin layer of smooth muscle within the bladder lamina propria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006913 lip epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006914 squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium characterised by its most superficial layer consisting of squamous epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006915 stratified squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006914 squamous epithelium Multilaminar epithelium which consists of more than one layer of squamous cells only one layer of which is in contact with a basement membrane. Examples: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, epithelium of wall of esophagus.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006916 non-keratinized epithelium of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010304 non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium A non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that is part of a tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006919 tongue squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006914 squamous epithelium A squamous epithelium that is part of a tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006920 esophagus squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006914 squamous epithelium A squamous epithelium that is part of a esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006921 stomach squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001276 epithelium of stomach A squamous epithelium that is part of a stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006922 cervix squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010304 non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium The squamous epithelium of the cervical portio is similar to that of the vagina, except that it is generally smooth and lacks rete pegs. Colposcopically, it appears featureless except for a fine network of vessels which is sometimes visible. The relative opacity and pale pink coloration of the squamous epithelium derives from its multi-layered histology and the location of its supporting vessels below the basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006923 vagina squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006915 stratified squamous epithelium A squamous epithelium that is part of a vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006924 stomach glandular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006929 glandular columnar epithelium A glandular epithelium that lines the stomach. The stomach's glandular epithelium is characterized by the presence of gastric glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006925 digestive system gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element Any gland that is part of the digestive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006929 glandular columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006799 glandular epithelium Simple columnar epithelium that constitutes the secretory part of a gland. Examples: epithelium of stomach, luminal epithelium of lactiferous duct.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006931 stomach glandular region mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001199 mucosa of stomach Stomach mucosa that is lined with glandular epithelium and part of a stomach glandular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006932 vestibular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a vestibular labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006934 sensory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000488 atypical epithelium Simple columnar epithelium made up of cells specialized to serve as sensory cells for the reception of external stimuli, as the sensory cells of the cochlea, vestibule, nasal mucosa, and tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006935 crista ampullaris neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006932 vestibular epithelium An epithelium that is part of a crista ampullaris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006936 thymus subcapsular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003846 thymus epithelium The epithelial cells lining the capsule and trabeculae of the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006937 inner ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015807 ear epithelium The epithelial cell layer containing the sensory hair cells and their associated sensory nerve terminals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006938 pinna surface epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015814 outer ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a pinna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006946 efferent duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system The efferent ducts (or efferent ductules or ductuli efferentes) connect the rete testis with the initial section of the epididymis. The ductuli are unilaminar and composed of columnar ciliated and non-ciliated (absorptive) cells. The ciliated cells serve to stir the luminal fluids, possibly to help ensure homogeneous absorption of water from the fluid produced by the testis, which results in an increase in the concentration of luminal sperm. The epithelium is surrounded by a band of smooth muscle that helps to propel the sperm toward the epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006947 male genital duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A duct or series of ducts that transports sperm from the gonad. In mammals this is from the seminiferous tubules through rete testis, vas efferentia, epididymis, vas deferens, ejeculatory duct to the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006948 efferent duct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct An epithelium that is part of a efferent duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006951 inner dental epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003843 dental epithelium Inner layer of cells of the dental organ, nearest the odontogenic papilla, and composed of ameloblasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006952 outer dental epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003843 dental epithelium Outer layer of cells of the dental organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006953 ejaculatory duct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct The ejaculatory duct epithelium is composed of cuboidal to columnar cells between or through which project the terminal parts of the ducts of the unicellular prostate glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006954 mammary gland myoepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003244 epithelium of mammary gland The outer cell layer of the mammary gland epithelium bilayer which is located basal to the luminal (secretory) cells and adjacent to the basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006955 uterine epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004804 oviduct epithelium An epithelium that is part of a uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006957 submandibular gland primordium epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue An epithelium that is part of a submandibular gland primordium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006959 mandible angular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A process which protrudes from the ventral caudal angle of the mandible, and acts as the attachment of the digastric muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006960 ovary stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The stroma of the ovary is a peculiar soft tissue, abundantly supplied with blood vessels, consisting for the most part of spindle-shaped cells with a small amount of ordinary connective tissue. These cells have been regarded by some anatomists as unstriped muscle cells, which, indeed, they most resemble; by others as connective-tissue cells. On the surface of the organ this tissue is much condensed, and forms a layer composed of short connective-tissue fibers, with fusiform cells between them. The stroma of the ovary may contain interstitial cells resembling those of the testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006964 pars distalis of adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The distal part of adenohypophysis: the part that makes up the main body of the gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006965 vascular cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis[GO]. The vascular cord is composed of angioblast or vascular endothelial cells in a solid linear mass called a cord. The cord then undergoes tubulogenesis to form the lumen of the vessels[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006966 coronary capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003498 heart blood vessel A capillary that is part of the coronary system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006967 horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006969 cranial appendage A pointed projection of the skin on the head of various animals, consisting of a covering of horn (keratin and other proteins) surrounding a core of living bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006969 cranial appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004529 anatomical projection An anatomical projection that is part of and protrudes from the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006983 anatomical point http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity Non-material anatomical entity of zero dimension, which forms a boundary of an anatomical line or surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006984 anatomical surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010199 bona-fide anatomical boundary A two dimensional anatomical structure that is the boundary between an anatomical structure and an anatomical substance, an anatomical space or the organism's environment. Examples include the surface of your skin, the surface of the lining of your gut; the surface of the endothelium of you aorta that is in contact with blood.n. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007005 cardiogenic splanchnic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The splanchnic mesoderm in the cardiogenic region where the heart develops; it gives rise to endocardial heart tubes that fuse to form the primordial cardiac tube, the heart primordium[web]. Two migratory heart primordia that move ventrally during the course of neurulation, and then fuse[XAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007010 cleaving embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000922 embryo Organism at the cleavage stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007021 sexually immature organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism A multicellular organism that is at the juvenile stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007023 adult organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism A multicellular organism that existence_ends_with a post-juvenile adult stage and existence_starts_with a post-juvenile adult stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007098 mandibular neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 cranial neural crest Cranial neural crest that migrates into the mandibular arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007099 hyoid neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003099 cranial neural crest Cranial neural crest that migrates into the hyoid arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 primary circulatory organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 circulatory organ A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood or analogs[GO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007106 chorionic villus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure One of the minute vascular projections of the fetal chorion that combines with maternal uterine tissue to form the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007118 umbilicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue The pit in the center of the abdominal wall marking the point where the umbilical cord entered in the fetus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007119 neck of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element The femur neck or neck of the femur is a flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft, and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007122 pharyngeal pouch 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004117 pharyngeal pouch A pharyngeal pouch that is between pharyngeal arches 1 and 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007123 pharyngeal pouch 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004117 pharyngeal pouch A pharyngeal puch that is between the pharyngeal arches 2 and 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007124 pharyngeal pouch 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004117 pharyngeal pouch A pharyngeal pouch that between pharyngeal arches 3 and 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007125 pharyngeal pouch 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004117 pharyngeal pouch A pharyngeal pouch between pharyngeal arch 4 and arch 5 or 6 (a fifth arch never establishes in amniotes). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007126 pharyngeal pouch 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004117 pharyngeal pouch A pharyngeal pouch between pharyngeal arches 5 and 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007127 pharyngeal pouch 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004117 pharyngeal pouch A pharyngeal pouch between pharyngeal arches 6 and 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007128 glomeral mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Portion of tissue that consists of the precursors of the pronephric glomus or glomerulus; derived from the medial portion of the pronephric intermediate mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007134 trunk ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000045 ganglion Ganglion which is located in the trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007135 neural keel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016879 future central nervous system An intermediate stage (between the neural plate and neural rod) during the early segmentation period in the morphogenesis of the central nervous system primordium; the keel is roughly triangular shaped in cross section. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007142 left internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001532 internal carotid artery An internal carotid artery that branching_part_of a left common carotid artery plus branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007143 right internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001532 internal carotid artery An internal carotid artery that branching_part_of a right common carotid artery plus branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007144 embryonic post-anal tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure An embryonic structure that will either develop into a post-anal tail or recede into a vestigial remnant of the tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007147 lumen of midgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a midgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007148 lumen of hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a hindgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007151 mitral valve leaflet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011741 cardiac valve leaflet A valve leafleft that is part of a mitral valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007158 lumen of anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a anal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007159 lumen of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007160 inferior petrosal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017635 paired venous dural sinus The inferior petrosal sinus, within the human head, is an area beneath the brain, which allows blood veins to span the area, from the center of the head downward. It drains from the cavernous sinus (beneath the brain) to the sigmoid sinuses above the internal jugular vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007173 lateral border of scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007171 border of scapula The lateral border (or axillary border, or margin) is the thickest of the three borders of the scapula. It begins above at the lower margin of the glenoid cavity, and inclines obliquely downward and backward to the inferior angle. Immediately below the glenoid cavity is a rough impression, the infraglenoid tuberosity, about 2.5 cm. in length, which gives origin to the long head of the Triceps brachii; in front of this is a longitudinal groove, which extends as far as the lower third of this border, and affords origin to part of the Subscapularis. The inferior third is thin and sharp, and serves for the attachment of a few fibers of the Teres major behind, and of the Subscapularis in front. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007174 medial border of scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007171 border of scapula The medial border of the scapula (vertebral border, medial margin) is the longest of the three borders, and extends from the medial to the inferior angle. It is arched, intermediate in thickness between the superior and the axillary borders, and the portion of it above the spine forms an obtuse angle with the part below. This border presents an anterior and a posterior lip, and an intermediate narrow area. The anterior lip affords attachment to the Serratus anterior; the posterior lip, to the Supraspinatus above the spine, the Infraspinatus below; the area between the two lips, to the Levator scapulC& above the triangular surface at the commencement of the spine, to the Rhomboideus minor on the edge of that surface, and to the Rhomboideus major below it; this last is attached by means of a fibrous arch, connected above to the lower part of the triangular surface at the base of the spine, and below to the lower part of the border. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007175 inferior angle of scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007172 angle of scapula An angle of the scapula formed by the union of the vertebral and axillary borders; its dorsal surface affords attachment to the Teres major and frequently to a few fibers of the Latissimus dorsi.[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007177 lamina propria of mucosa of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011189 lamina propria of large intestine A lamina propria that is part of a colonic mucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007178 muscularis mucosae of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001239 muscularis mucosae of large intestine A muscularis mucosa that is part of a colonic mucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007181 serosa of infundibulum of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A serous membrane that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007182 muscle layer of infundibulum of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscle layer that is part of a uterine tube infundibulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007188 mesothelium of serous pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003388 mesothelium of pericardial cavity A mesothelium that is part of a serous pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007195 stroma of bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The stroma of the bone marrow is all tissue not directly involved in the primary function of hematopoiesis. The yellow bone marrow belongs here, and makes the majority of the bone marrow stroma, in addition to stromal cells located in the red bone marrow. Yellow bone marrow is found in the Medullary cavity. Still, the stroma is indirectly involved in hematopoiesis, since it provides the hematopoietic microenvironment that facilitates hematopoiesis by the parenchymal cells. For instance, they generate colony stimulating factors, affecting hematopoiesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007196 tracheobronchial tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The structure from the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles that forms the airways that supply air to the lungs. The lining of the tracheobronchial tree consists of ciliated columnar epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007197 hermaphroditic organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism Multicellular organism that can produce both male and female gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007198 hermaphrodite anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014402 sex-specific anatomical structure An anatomical structure present only in hermaphrodites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007204 brachiocephalic vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature The vasculature consisting of brachiocephalic arteries and veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a cranial neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007214 mesenchyme derived from trunk neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a trunk neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007220 late embryonic stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage An embryo stage that covers late steps of the embryogenesis with a fully formed embryo still developing before birth or egg hatching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007223 osseus cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The osseous cochlea is the bony foundation that forms the small shell arrangement for the cochlear nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007228 vestibular nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata A cranial nucleus for the vestibular nerve. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007239 tunica media of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002522 tunica media A tunica media that is part of a artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007240 tunica adventitia of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005734 tunica adventitia of blood vessel A tunica adventitia that is part of a artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007241 tunica adventitia of vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005734 tunica adventitia of blood vessel A tunica adventitia that is part of a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007242 tunica intima of vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004797 blood vessel layer A tunica intima that is part of a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007243 tunica media of vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002522 tunica media A tunica media that is part of a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007244 inferior olivary nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata The inferior olivary nucleus is the largest nucleus situated in the olivary body, part of the medulla oblongata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007245 nuclear complex of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter Gray matter of the central nervous system which is a collection of clustered nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007247 nucleus of superior olivary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus Any of the nuclei that comprise the superior olivary complex (superior olive). This includes both the primary nuclei such as the lateral and medial nuclei, as well as periolivary nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007250 lingual tonsil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The lymph tissue on the floor of the oropharyngeal passage, near the root of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007251 preoptic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006569 diencephalic nucleus A nucleus of brain that is part of a preoptic area. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage An intervertebral disk that is part of a cervical region of vertebral column. A cervical intervertebral disk connects at least one cervical vertebra, either to another cervical vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a thoracic vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007254 intervertebral disk of thoracic vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage An intervertebral disk that is part of a thoracic region of vertebral column. A thoracic intervertebral disk connects at least one thoracic vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007255 intervertebral disk of lumbar vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage An intervertebral disk that is part of a lumbar region of vertebral column. A lumbar intervertebral disk connects at least one lumbar vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a sacral vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007257 intervertebral disk of sacral vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage An intervertebral disk that is part of a sacral region of vertebral column. A sacral intervertebral disk connects at least one sacral vertebra, either to another thoracic vertebra, or at one point on the vertebral colummn, to a sacral vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007260 intervertebral disk of third cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 3 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007261 intervertebral disk of fourth cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 4 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007262 intervertebral disk of fifth cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 5 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007263 intervertebral disk of sixth cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra An intervertebral disk that connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 6 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007264 intervertebral disk of seventh cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra An intervertebral disk that connects a thoracic vertebra and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007265 intervertebral disk of axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra An intervertebral disk that connects a vertebral bone 2 and connects a mammalian cervical vertebra 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007266 intervertebral disk of atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007252 intervertebral disk of cervical vertebra An intervertebral disk that connects a vertebral bone 1 and connects a vertebral bone 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007267 trachea pre-cartilage rings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009505 mesenchyme of trachea A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007269 pectoral appendage musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014793 musculature of pectoral complex Any collection of muscles that is part of a pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007270 pelvic appendage musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014792 musculature of pelvic complex Any collection of muscles that is part of a pelvic appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007271 appendage musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of an appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007272 pectoral appendage skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011582 paired limb/fin skeleton Skeletal subdivision consisting of the anterior appendicular limb skeleton, excluding the pectoral girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007273 pelvic appendage skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011582 paired limb/fin skeleton The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic appendage region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007274 crista of ampulla of anterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006935 crista ampullaris neuroepithelium A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a anterior semicircular duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007275 crista of ampulla of posterior semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006935 crista ampullaris neuroepithelium A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a posterior semicircular duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007276 crista of ampulla of lateral semicircular duct of membranous laybrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006935 crista ampullaris neuroepithelium A crista ampullaris neuroepithelium that is part of a lateral semicircular duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007277 presumptive hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The rhombencephalon (or hindbrain) is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. The rhombencephalon can be subdivided in a variable number of transversal swellings called rhombomeres. In the human embryo eight rhombomeres can be distinguished, from caudal to rostral: Rh7-Rh1 and the isthmus (the most rostral rhombomere). A rare disease of the rhombencephalon, 'rhombencephalosynapsis' is characterized by a missing vermis resulting in a fused cerebellum. Patients generally present with cerebellar ataxia. The caudal rhombencephalon has been generally considered as the initiation site for neural tube closure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007278 presumptive sinus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Portion of tissue that is part of the heart tube and will become the sinus venosus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007279 presumptive atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a atrioventricular canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007280 presumptive endocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a endocardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007281 presumptive midbrain hindbrain boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Embryonic structure that gives rise to the midbrain hindbrain boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007282 presumptive segmental plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a presomitic mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007283 presumptive shield http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a primitive knot. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007284 presumptive neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016879 future central nervous system A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a neural plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007285 presumptive paraxial mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The part of the blastula that has the potential to develop into a paraxial mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007286 presumptive floor plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a floor plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007288 presumptive forebrain midbrain boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a forebrain-midbrain boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007289 presumptive rhombomere 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007290 presumptive rhombomere 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007291 presumptive rhombomere 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007292 presumptive rhombomere 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007293 presumptive rhombomere 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007294 presumptive rhombomere 7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 7. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007295 presumptive rhombomere 8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 8. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007296 presumptive rhombomere 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a rhombomere 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007297 presumptive pronephric mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a pronephric mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007298 pronephric proximal convoluted tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005310 pronephric nephron tubule A proximal convoluted tubule that is part of a pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007299 choroid plexus of tectal ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001886 choroid plexus A choroid plexus that is part of a cerebral aqueduct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007300 pectoral appendage blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007301 appendage blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007301 appendage blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a limb/fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007302 pectoral appendage vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007304 appendage vasculature A vasculature that is part of a pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007303 pharyngeal vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ A vasculature that is part of a chordate pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007304 appendage vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vasculature that is part of a limb/fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007306 pronephric glomerular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004212 glomerular capillary A glomerular capillary that is part of a pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007307 pronephric glomerular basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005777 glomerular basement membrane A glomerular basement membrane that is part of a pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007318 saphenous vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035550 superficial vein Either of two main superficial veins of the leg, one larger than the other, that begin at the foot. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007324 pancreatic lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A dense accumulation of exocrine glands in the pancreas often surrounding islets of Langerhans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007352 stria vascularis vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ Blood vessels supplying the stria vascularis in the cochlea of the inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007354 cartilage of pharyngotympanic tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element A triangular plate of elastic fibrocartilage that forms the cartilage component of the pharyngotympanic tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007355 bony part of pharyngotympanic tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003566 head connective tissue The bony part of pharyngotympanic tube is about 12 mm. in length. It begins in the carotid wall of the tympanic cavity, below the septum canalis musculotubarii, and, gradually narrowing, ends at the angle of junction of the squama and the petrous portion of the temporal bone, its extremity presenting a jagged margin which serves for the attachment of the cartilaginous portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007367 surface of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region An anatomical surface that is part of a tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007371 superior surface of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007367 surface of tongue The upper (superior) side of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007373 inferior surface of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007367 surface of tongue The lower (inferior) side of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007374 incus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015017 incus endochondral element An incus endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007375 roof of mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure A multi-tissue structure consisting of bone and soft tissue that forms a part of the roof of the oral cavity. In mammals this is the combination of the primary palate (premaxilla) and the secondary palate. In early tetrapods it consists of the vomer, pterygoid, parasphenoid, palatine and ectopterygoid bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007376 outer epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium The epidermis is the entire outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007383 enveloping layer of ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium Outermost layer of cells surrounding the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007384 appendage lymph vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel A lymphatic vessel that is part of a limb/fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007385 pectoral appendage lymph vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007384 appendage lymph vessel A lymphatic vessel that is part of a pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007386 pelvic appendage lymph vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007384 appendage lymph vessel A lymphatic vessel that is part of a pelvic appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007389 paired limb/fin cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002418 cartilage tissue A cartilage tissue that is part of a paired limb or fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007390 pectoral appendage cartilage tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007389 paired limb/fin cartilage A cartilage tissue that is part of a pectoral appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007391 pelvic appendage cartilage tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007389 paired limb/fin cartilage A cartilage tissue that is part of a pelvic appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007414 nucleus of midbrain tegmentum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000125 neural nucleus A nucleus of brain that spans a midbrain tegmentum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007416 cerebellar peduncle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014891 brainstem white matter Any of the three large paired bundles of nerve fibers that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007418 neural decussation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster Nerve fibers crossing the midline of the neuraxis relative to their point of origin, on a course to from one level of the nervous system to another. (CUMBO, Heimer, L. The Human Brain, 2nd ed., 1995, pg 6). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007425 decussation of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007418 neural decussation A neural decussation that is part of a diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007473 lumen of epithelial sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012467 enclosed anatomical space The space within an epithelial sphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007475 matrix-based tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue A tissue whose predominant feature is extracellular matrix which may or may not be highly hydrated or calcified. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007490 keratin-based acellular structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Acellular anatomical structure whose predominant constituent is keratin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007499 epithelial sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009856 sac An epithelial tube that is open at one end only. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007500 epithelial tube open at both ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003914 epithelial tube An epithelial tube open at both ends that allows fluid flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007501 arborizing epithelial duct system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007499 epithelial sac A collection of connected epithelial tubes with a single portal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007502 epithelial plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003914 epithelial tube A complex of interlinking epithelial tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007503 epithelial vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium A closed epithelium with a lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007521 smooth muscle sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004590 sphincter muscle A ring of smooth muscle cells whose contraction closes the opening of the ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007522 striated muscle sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004590 sphincter muscle A ring of striated muscle cells whose contraction closes the opening of the ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme with little extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007529 loose mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme whose cells are embedded in obvious amounts of extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007530 migrating mesenchyme population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchymal cells that are migrating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007567 regenerating anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that is undergoing regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007589 ciliated columnar oviduct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007592 ciliated columnar epithelium A ciliated columnar epithelium that is part of a oviduct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007590 cuboidal oviduct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010077 cuboidal epithelium A cuboidal epithelium that is part of a oviduct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007592 ciliated columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007601 ciliated epithelium Simple columnar epithelium in which the luminal side of the cells bears cilia. Examples: epithelium of trachea, epithelium of uterine tube.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007601 ciliated epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium Epithelium bearing vibratile cilia on the free surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007602 stratified columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012274 columnar epithelium Stratified columnar epithelia is a rare type of epithelial tissue composed of column shaped cells arranged in multiple layers. Stratified columnar epithelia are found in the ocular conjunctiva of the eye, in parts of the pharynx and anus, the female's uterus, the male urethra and vas deferens. Also found in intralobular ducts in salivary glands.[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007615 prostate gland ventral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001328 lobe of prostate Prostate gland lobe that in the mouse has the following characteristics: grossly, clear, gelatinous, and leaf-like; originates ventrally and wraps incompletely around the urethra dorsally, bilaterally. Simple columnar epithelium with the least amount of infolding. Secretory cells are oval and have slightly foamy cytoplasm; nuclei and basal nucleoli are inconspicuous. The secretion is pale and homogeneous. The stroma is thin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007617 synovial cavity of joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a synovial joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007618 synovial cavity of hip joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007617 synovial cavity of joint A synovial cavity of joint that is part of a hip joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007625 pigment epithelium of eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019304 sensory organ epithelium Epithelial layer of the retina, ciliary body, or iris composed of cells containing pigment granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus A neural nucleus that is part of a medulla oblongata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007637 hippocampus stratum lucidum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus Layer of hippocampus area CA3 lying superficial to the pyramidal cell layer that contains mossy fiber axons projecting from the dentate gyrus. A slight thickening in this layer marks the border in some species between areas CA2 and CA3. dapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007639 hippocampus alveus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016549 central nervous system white matter layer Regional part of fornix consisting of a thin layer of white matter on the surface of the hippocampal formation, bordering the wall of the lateral ventricle and composed of white, myelinated fibers. The alveus arises from cell bodies in the subiculum and hippocampus, and eventually merges with the fimbria of the hippocampus. The fimbria goes on to become the fornix (MM: 2006-10-26). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007640 hippocampus stratum lacunosum moleculare http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus Layer of the hippocampus lying just superficial to the stratum radiatum and bounded by the pial surface of the hippocampus. The fibers of the perforant pathway fibers from entorhinal cortex and several other brain areas terminate in this layer. Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 460). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007641 trigeminal nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007245 nuclear complex of neuraxis The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla. There is also a distinct trigeminal motor nucleus that is medial to the chief sensory nucleus[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007642 ligamentum arteriosum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006591 transformed artery A small ligament attached to the superior surface of the pulmonary trunk and the inferior surface of the aortic arch. It is a nonfunctional vestige of the ductus arteriosus, and is formed within three weeks of birth. The ligamentum arteriosum is closely related to the left recurrent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the left vagus nerve. After splitting from the left vagus nerve, the left recurrent laryngeal loops around the aortic arch posterior to the ligamentum arteriosum, after which it ascends to the larynx[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007644 thoracic lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ A lymph node that is part of a thorax. Includes lymph nodes of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007645 future meninx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A developing mesenchymal capsule that covers the developing brain and spinal cord and is the precursor of the meningeal cluster. In mammals this gives rise to the arachnoid mater, pia mater and dura mater. In cyclostomes and fishes, the future meninx gives rise to a single meningeal layer, the primitive meninx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007646 endomeninx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007645 future meninx The innermost layer of the mesenchymal capsule that surrounds the developing brain, primarily of neural crest origin. The endomeninx forms the leptomeninx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007647 ectomeninx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007645 future meninx The outermost layer of the mesenchymal capsule that surrounds the developing brain, of mixed paraxial mesoderm and neural crest origin. The ectomeninx forms the dura mater (both inner layer and outer chondrogenic layer). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that connects two structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007652 esophageal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004590 sphincter muscle A sphincter that is part of an esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007679 intersomitic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014907 intersomitic vessel The vein that sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein, growing dorsally between the somites, and then joining, and draining the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007684 uriniferous tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube Functional unit of the kidney that forms urine, consisting of two parts, the nephron and the collecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007687 kidney field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage Region of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure Anlagen are populations of contiguous cells, typically arranged in one plane, that are morphologically indistinct, but that already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007689 thyroid diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium Endodermal bud derived from the endodermal epithelium of the embryonic pharyngeal floor[MP]. The thyroid diverticulum is the embryological structure from which thyroid follicular cells derive. It grows from the floor of the pharnyx[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007691 gustatory pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The minute opening of a taste bud on the surface of the oral mucosa through which the gustatory hairs of the specialised neuroepithelial gustatory cells project. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007692 nucleus of thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006569 diencephalic nucleus A nucleus of brain that is part of a thalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007699 tract of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract An axon tract that is part of a spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract An axon tract that is part of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007719 bone of reproductive organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A bone that is part of a reproductive organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007721 interphalangeal joint of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006658 interphalangeal joint The interphalangeal articulations of the foot (articulations of the phalanges) are ginglymoid joints, and each has a plantar and two collateral ligaments. The arrangement of these ligaments is similar to that in the metatarsophalangeal articulations: the Extensor tendons supply the places of dorsal ligaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007722 interphalangeal joint of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006658 interphalangeal joint The interphalangeal articulations of hand are hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand. There are two sets (except in the thumb): 'proximal interphalangeal joints' (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges 'distal interphalangeal joints' (DIP), those between the second and third (distal) phalanges A similar group of articulations also function in the toes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007723 interphalangeal joint of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007722 interphalangeal joint of manus An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007724 interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007721 interphalangeal joint of pes An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007725 interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007721 interphalangeal joint of pes An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007726 interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007721 interphalangeal joint of pes An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007727 interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007721 interphalangeal joint of pes An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007728 interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007721 interphalangeal joint of pes An interphalangeal joint of pes that is part of a pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007729 interphalangeal joint of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007722 interphalangeal joint of manus An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007730 interphalangeal joint of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007722 interphalangeal joint of manus An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007731 interphalangeal joint of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007722 interphalangeal joint of manus An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007732 interphalangeal joint of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007722 interphalangeal joint of manus An interphalangeal joint of manus that is part of a manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007735 metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003695 metacarpophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007738 metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003695 metacarpophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007741 metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003695 metacarpophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007744 metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003695 metacarpophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007747 metacarpophalangeal joint of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003695 metacarpophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metacarpal bone and connects a proximal phalanx of manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007750 metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003696 metatarsophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007753 metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003696 metatarsophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007756 metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003696 metatarsophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007759 metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003696 metatarsophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007762 metatarsophalangeal joint of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003696 metatarsophalangeal joint A skeletal joint that connects a metatarsal bone and connects a distal phalanx of pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007763 cerebellum vermis culmen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule The culmen is the portion of the anterior vermis adjacent to the primary fissure of cerebellum. The culmen and the anterior parts of the quadrangular lobules form the lobus culminis[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007771 epidermis gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002419 skin gland A gland that is part of a epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007772 scrotal sweat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006536 male reproductive gland secretion Any portion of sweat that is produced by a sweat gland of the scrotum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007773 scrotal sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005399 male reproductive gland Any sweat gland that is part of a scrotum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007777 umbilical vein endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001919 endothelium of vein An endothelium that is part of a umbilical vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007778 umbilical artery endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium An endothelium that is part of a umbilical artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007779 transudate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Any bodily fluid that has passed through a membrane such as the capillary wall, as a result of unbalanced hydrostatic and osmotic forces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007794 secretion of serous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Any fluid produced by a serous gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007806 connecting stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure A bridge of mesoderm connecting the caudal end of the young embryo with the trophoblastic tissues; the precursor of the umbilical cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007807 connecting stalk vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vasculature that is part of a connecting stalk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007808 adipose tissue of abdominal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003567 abdomen connective tissue Adipose tissue that is located in the abdominal region. This includes any subcutaneous fat, visceral fat or encapsulated adipose tissue depots. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007811 craniocervical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The anteriormost subdivision of the body that includes the head, jaws, pharyngeal region and the neck (if present). In vertebrates this is the subdivision that includes the cervical vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007812 post-anal tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002415 tail A tail that extends from the posterior tip of the organism to the anus, contains muscle and skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007822 vomeronasal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001823 nasal cartilage The vomeronasal cartilage (or Jacobson's cartilage) is a narrow strip of cartilage, low on the medial wall of the nasal cavity. It lies between the cartilaginous nasal septum and the vomer. The cartilage lies below, but is not connected to, the rudimentary vomeronasal organ of Jacobson[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007823 appendage girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision An organism subdivision that encompasses the region containing the pectoral or pelvic girdle. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007826 peritoneal mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery Mesentery that is located in the peritoneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007827 external nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone External part of the nose containing the external nares. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007828 girdle bone/zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010740 bone of appendage girdle complex A bone that is part of a appendage girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007829 pectoral girdle bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010741 bone of pectoral complex A bone that is part of a pectoral girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007830 pelvic girdle bone/zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010742 bone of pelvic complex A bone element or fused bone that is part of pelvic girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007832 pelvic girdle skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010719 girdle skeleton Skeletal subdivision consisting of a set of bones linking the axial series to the hindlimb zeugopodium and offering anchoring areas for hindlimb and caudal musculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007833 osseus semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The organ of balance composed of three long bony tubes of the labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007834 lumbar spinal cord ventral commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004170 spinal cord ventral commissure A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a lumbar spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007835 sacral spinal cord ventral commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004170 spinal cord ventral commissure A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a sacral spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007836 cervical spinal cord ventral commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004170 spinal cord ventral commissure A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007837 thoracic spinal cord ventral commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004170 spinal cord ventral commissure A spinal cord ventral commissure that is part of a thoracic spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007842 membrane bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element Bone element that arises as a result of intramembranous ossification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Skeletal element that is composed of cartilage tissue and may be permanent or transient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007845 regular connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007846 dense regular connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011823 dense connective tissue Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007914 bone of craniocervical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A bone that is part of a craniocervical region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007997 sesamoid bone of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011141 appendicular ossicle A sesamoid bone that is part of a manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008000 sesamoid bone of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011141 appendicular ossicle A sesamoid bone that is part of a pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008001 irregular bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element The irregular bones are bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long bone, short bone, flat bone or sesamoid bone. Irregular bones serve various purposes in the body, such as protection of nervous tissue, affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and tongue attachment (such as the hyoid bone). They consist of cancellous tissue enclosed within a thin layer of compact bone. The irregular bones are: the vertebrC&, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008114 joint of girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint A skeletal joint that is part of a appendage girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008115 surface of cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region An anatomical surface that is part of a cartilage element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008193 pneumatized bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A bone that is hollow or contains many air cells, such as the mastoid process of the temporal bone[TMD]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008196 muscle of pectoral girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010891 pectoral complex muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a pectoral girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008198 nail plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer The nail plate is the hard and translucent portion of the nail, composed of keratin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008199 chin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head A subdivision of the face that is the anteriormost part of the lower jaw region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008200 forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head The part of the face above the eyes[MESH]. In human anatomy, the forehead is the fore part of the head. It is, formally, an area of the head bounded by three features, two of the skull and one of the scalp. The top of the forehead is marked by the hairline, the edge of the area where hair on the scalp grows. The bottom of the forehead is marked by the supraorbital ridge, the bone feature of the skull above the eyes. The two sides of the forehead are marked by the temporal ridge, a bone feature that links the supraorbital ridge to the coronal suture line and beyond[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008203 pelvic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The part of the ventral body cavity that is within the pelvis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008229 craniocervical region musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Musculature system of the pharyngeal and head regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008231 dorsal thoracic segment of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision Subdivision of thorax, which in humans is the posterior part of the thorax and is demarcated from the chest by the external surface of the posterolateral part of the rib cage and the anterior surface of the thoracic vertebral column; together with the chest, it constitutes the thorax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008242 lower back muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003833 abdominal segment muscle A muscle of back that is part of a lower back. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008243 upper back muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003830 thoracic segment muscle A muscle of back that is part of a dorsal thoracic segment of trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008255 right clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001105 clavicle bone A clavicle that is in the right side of a entire appendicular skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008256 left clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001105 clavicle bone A clavicle that is in the left side of a entire appendicular skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008266 periodontal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The fibrous connective tissue that surrounds the root of a tooth, separating it from and attaching it to the alveolar bone. It extends from the base of the gingival mucosa to the fundus of the bony socket, and its main function is to hold the tooth in its socket[BTO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008268 right supracardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006300 supracardinal vein The right supracardinal vein loses its connection with the posterior cardinal vein and makes a new anastomosis with the segments of the superior vena cava derived from the anterior cardinal vein, becoming the azygos vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008281 tooth bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure A knoblike tooth primordium that develops into the mature tooth and consists of enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac enclosing them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008307 heart endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium An endothelium that is part of a heart [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008310 nasopharyngeal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A gland that is part of a nasopharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008324 erectile tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue With numerous vascular spaces that may become engorged with blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008330 vestibule of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001349 externally connecting tube lumen The space posterior to the glans clitoridis, between the labia minora; located within the vestibule are the openings of the vagina, the urethra, and the ducts of the lesser vestibular glands, the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands, and the paraurethral (Skene's) glands, which release mucus into the vestibule to maintain a moist, lubricated vestibular environment; the vestibule is also moistened by secretions from the cervical mucus glands located in the inferior region of the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008331 clitoral smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a clitoris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008337 inguinal part of abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The external junctural region between the lower part of the abdomen and the thigh. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008338 plantar part of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008837 palmar/plantar part of autopod The sole is the bottom of the foot. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008340 nasal bridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose. It lies between the glabella and the inferior boundary of the nasal bone, and extends laterally to the inner canth[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008341 columella nasi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The tissue that links the nasal tip to the nasal base, and separates the nares. It is the inferior margin of the nasal septum[EoM]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008342 intestinal villus of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001213 intestinal villus An intestinal villus in the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008343 intestinal villus of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001213 intestinal villus An intestinal villus in the jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008344 intestinal villus of ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001213 intestinal villus An intestinal villus in the ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008345 ileal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013636 epithelium of intestinal villus An epithelium that is part of a ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008346 duodenal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013636 epithelium of intestinal villus An epithelium that is part of a duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008367 breast epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that is part of a breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008397 tracheobronchial epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004815 lower respiratory tract epithelium Epithelium pertaining to the trachea and bronchi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008404 proximal tubular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004810 nephron tubule epithelium The cells lining the proximal tubule are cuboidal epithelial cells with deep basal membrane invaginations that provide a large basal surface area. The long microvilli (the brush border) lining the tubule lumen, maximize luminal surface area and make these cells ideally suited for both reabsorptive and secretory functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008408 distal tubular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004810 nephron tubule epithelium An epithelium that is part of a distal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008424 inguinal mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005173 abdominal segment element A mammary gland that is part of a inguinal part of abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008425 mammary ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A ridge of epidermal cells that will form the mammary placodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008429 cervical vertebral foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen A vertebral foramen that is part of a cervical vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008430 lumbar vertebral foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen A vertebral foramen that is part of a lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008431 sacral foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen A vertebral foramen that is part of a sacral vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008432 thoracic vertebral foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen A vertebral foramen that is part of a thoracic vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008433 lumbar vertebral arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004247 bone of dorsum A neural arch that is part of a lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008434 cervical vertebral arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004247 bone of dorsum A neural arch that is part of a cervical vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008435 vertebral arch of sacral segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005179 pelvic region element A neural arch that is part of a sacral vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008436 thoracic vertebral arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004247 bone of dorsum A neural arch that is part of a thoracic vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008447 intertarsal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint Intertarsal articulations are the joints of the tarsus. The specific intertarsal articulations are: Talocalcaneal articulation Talocalcaneonavicular articulation Calcaneocuboid articulation Cuneonavicular articulation Cuboideonavicular articulation Intercuneiform articulation Cuneocuboid articulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008461 postzygapophysis of lumbar vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001080 postzygapophysis An postzygapophysis that is part of a lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008462 postzygapophysis of cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001080 postzygapophysis An postzygapophysis that is part of a cervical vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008463 postzygapophysis of thoracic vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001080 postzygapophysis An postzygapophysis that is part of a thoracic vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008488 cremaster muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A thin layer of skeletal muscle that envelops the spermatic cord and testis of most male mammals in a series of loops; it is a continuation of the obliquus internus, arising from the inguinal ligament and inserting into the crest of the pubis and into the sheath of the rectus abdominis; it is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve and functions to draw the testis up toward the superficial inguinal ring in response to cold or to stimulation of the nerve;. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008522 nasal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any muscle organ that is part of an nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008523 infrahyoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005493 hyoid muscle The infrahyoid muscles are a group of four pairs of muscles in the anterior part of the neck. (The term infrahyoid refers to the region below to the hyoid bone in the neck. ) Collectively, they are referred to as the strap muscles, because the muscles are long and flat much like a strap. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008571 suprahyoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005493 hyoid muscle A muscle in the region above the hyoid bone in the neck. The suprahyoid muscles include digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, and mylohyoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008715 muscle tissue of prostate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A muscle tissue that is part of a prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008772 proximal epiphysis of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004383 epiphysis of tibia A proximal epiphysis that is part of a tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008775 proximal epiphysis of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004388 epiphysis of fibula A proximal epiphysis that is part of a fibula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008776 inner cell mass derived hypoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000089 hypoblast (generic) A thin monolayer of small cuboidal cells that make up the lower layer of the bilaminar embryonic disc, beneath the epiblast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008777 hypaxial musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004479 musculature of trunk Musculature that is derived from the hypaxial myotome region, trunk muscles that lie ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae. Hypaxial muscles include some vertebral muscles, the diaphragm, the abdominal muscles, and all limb muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008778 epaxial musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004479 musculature of trunk Musculature that is derived from the epaxial myotome region, ventral to the horizontal septum of the vertebrae. Epaxial muscles include other (dorsal) muscles associated with the vertebrae, ribs, and base of the skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008780 inner cell mass derived epiblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002532 epiblast (generic) An embryonic structure that is derived from the inner cell mass and lies above the hypoblast and gives rise to the three primary germ layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008781 blastodisc derived epiblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002532 epiblast (generic) An epiblast (generic) that develops_from a blastodisc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008783 dorsal venous arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The dorsal venous arch of the foot is a superficial vein that connects the small saphenous vein and the great saphenous vein. Anatomically, it is defined by where the dorsal veins of the first and fifth digit, respectively, meet the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008784 lower limb segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment A limb segment that is part of a hindlimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008785 upper limb segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment A limb segment that is part of a forelimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008789 cranial fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004704 bone fossa Any of the three large depressions in the posterior, middle, and anterior aspects of the floor of the cranial cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008790 rugal fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part A ridge or fold, such as the rugae of the stomach, which are large folds in the mucous membrane of that organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008791 rugal fold of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008790 rugal fold A rugal fold that is part of a stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008798 rugal fold of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008790 rugal fold A rugal fold that is part of a vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008799 transverse palatine fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Any of the the series of transverse folds (ridges) of the mucosa located on the anterior third part of the secondary (hard) palate of most mammalian species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008800 parietal endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016888 transitional anatomical structure Primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008803 skin of cheek http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face A zone of skin that is part of a cheek. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008805 gingival groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000093 sulcus The gingival sulcus is an area of potential space between a tooth and the surrounding gingival tissue and is lined by sulcular epithelium. The depth of the sulcus (Latin for groove) is bounded by two entities: apically by the gingival fibers of the connective tissue attachment and coronally by the free gingival margin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008807 coagulating gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010147 male accessory sex gland A lobe of the prostate in rodents that is thin and tubular and is attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles. Secretes substances that contribute to the formation of the copulatory plug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008808 prostate gland dorsolateral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001328 lobe of prostate The rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008810 nasopalatine nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A branch of that maxillary nerve that innervates the mucous membrane of the hard palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008811 intromittent organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003135 male reproductive organ An external organ of a male organism that is specialized to deliver sperm during copulation. Intromittent organs are found most often in terrestrial species, as most aquatic species fertilize their eggs externally, although there are exceptions[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008814 pharyngeal arch system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure A transient embryonic complex that comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming, which may include (depending on species) the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear[GO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008816 embryonic head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 head A head that is part of a embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008817 thymus primordium endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure An endoderm that is part of a thymus primordium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008823 neural tube derived brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000489 cavitated compound organ A brain that develops_from a neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008824 duct of epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system Any duct branching of of the main epididymis duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008826 pulmonary surfactant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006538 respiratory system fluid/secretion A substance formed by type II alveolar cells composed of surface-active lipoprotein complex (phospholipoprotein). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008827 murine forestomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011954 stomach non-glandular region A distinct rodent non-glandular region of the stomach which is demarcated from the glandular stomach by the limiting ridge (margo plicatus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008828 presphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone The anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid. It is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008829 cerebellum external granule cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002956 granular layer of cerebellar cortex Transient layer of the cerebellar cortex present during development which is composed of dividing and migrating granule cells[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008835 hepatic diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009854 digestive tract diverticulum An out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart. Constitutes the first morphological sign of the embryonic liver. The anterior portion of the hepatic diverticulum gives rise to the liver and intrahepatic biliary tree, while the posterior portion forms the gall bladder and extrahepatic bile ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008838 metapodial pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012348 autopod pad A thick, spongy layer of tissue located under the metacarpal and metatarsal joints of the autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008839 palmar pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013777 skin of palm of manus An autopod pad that is in the metacarpal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008840 plantar pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013778 skin of sole of pes An autopod pad that is in the metatarsal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008841 suspensory ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament A ligament that supports a body part, especially an organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008842 suspensory ligament of testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008841 suspensory ligament The cranial atrophic portion of the urogenital ridge attached to the cranial pole of the intraabdominal embryonic testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008843 gubernaculum testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004346 gubernaculum (male or female) The fetal ligament attached to the inferior end of the epididymis and testis and, at its other end, to the bottom of the scrotum; it is present during, and is thought to guide, the descent of the testis into the scrotum and then atrophies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008844 gubernaculum (female) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004346 gubernaculum (male or female) A gubernaculum that is part of a female reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000211 ligament A ligament that does not connect two skeletal elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000211 ligament Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements[VSAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008848 cranial suspensory ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008841 suspensory ligament Connects the cranial tip of the future gonad to the dorsocranial abdominal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008851 ectoplacental cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space Closed space within the ectoplacental cone, formed by the fusion of the parts of the amniotic fold that separate it from the amniotic cavity[MP]. a developmental cavity that exists in some mammals and is derived by division of the proamniotic space; it is further removed from the embryo than the amniotic cavity in some mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008852 visceral yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001040 yolk sac Extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008853 parietal yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001040 yolk sac Tissue that consists of two cellular layers (parietal endoderm and trophoblast) separated by a relatively thick nonvascular basement membrane (Reichert's membrane), and acts as a protective layer to supports and facilitates transport of nutrients between the uterine tissue and the yolk sac cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008854 root of molar tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003677 tooth root The part of a molar tooth that is implanted in the gum; mandibular and maxillary molars usually have two and three roots, respectively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008855 placenta metrial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005398 female reproductive gland A group of granular epithelial cells in the uterine muscle beneath the placenta that develops during pregnancy in rodents and some other species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008856 stomach muscularis externa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034933 layer of smooth muscle tissue The smooth muscle layer of the stomach wall that functions to churn and mix food and gastric secretions as well as to move food along the digestive tract to the intestines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008857 stomach smooth muscle circular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012368 circular muscle layer of muscular coat The middle layer of the muscularis; it is continuous with the circular layer of the esophagus, but is absent in the fundus and lies concentric to the longitudinal axis of the stomach; the circular layer is normally tonically constricted forming a functional pyloric sphincter, which controls the movement of chyme into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008858 pyloric canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach The short narrow part of the stomach extending from the pyloric antrum to the pyloric sphincter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008859 cardiac gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000414 mucous gland A gastric gland in the cardiac region of the stomach; cardiac glands are fewer in number than in the fundus and body, and secrete mucin which coats the stomach and protects it[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008860 intermediate gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010038 fundic gastric gland Any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that secrete most of the digestive substances secreted by the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008861 pyloric gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000414 mucous gland The gastric glands in the pyloric region of the stomach; the pyloric glands secrete mucin, which coats the stomach and protects it, and hormones such as gastrin and enkephalin[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008862 stomach smooth muscle inner oblique layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034933 layer of smooth muscle tissue The innermost layer of the muscularis; it is not present in all sections of the stomach but is clearly seen in the fundus and near the lesser curvature of the corpus; the oblique fibers disappear distally (towards the pyloric antrum); the oblique layer is responsible for creating the motion that churns and physically breaks down the food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008863 stomach smooth muscle outer longitudinal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012369 longitudinal muscle layer of muscular coat The most superficial layer of the muscularis; it has two sections, a longitudinal layer that is common with the esophagus and ends in the corpus, and a longitudinal layer that originates in the corpus and spreads into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008866 enamel knot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster A transient cluster of cells in the central part of the dental epithelium facing the dental mesenchyme, which acts as an organizing center, providing positional information for tooth morphogenesis and regulating the growth of tooth cusps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008867 trabecular network of bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue The network of intersecting plates and spicules in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces filled with blood vessels and marrow; in mature bone, the trabeculae are aligned in parallel with the lines of major compressive or tensile force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008870 pulmonary alveolar parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008946 lung parenchyma The distinguishing cell types of the lung alveolar tissue, including pulmonary epithelial cells (pneumocytes), alveolar capillary endothelial cells, interstitial cells (fibroblasts) and alveolar macrophages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008873 alveolar pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The openings in the alveolar septum that permit air flow between adjacent alveoli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008874 pulmonary acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity The largest lung subunit in which all airways participate in gas exchange, and it is composed of the parenchyma of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008876 hypodermis skeletal muscle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate Any skeletal muscle organ in the hypodermis / superficial fascia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008877 epidermal-dermal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005769 basement membrane of epithelium The multi-layer basement membrane between the dermis and epidermis that serves to adhere the dermis and epidermis, provide mechanical support for the epidermis, and forms a barrier to cells and large molecules across the junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008881 rostral migratory stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Unique telencephalic subventricular zones that extend from the lateral ventricles into the olfactory bulbs. Newly produced GABAergic interneurons migrate along the RMS and settle in the bulb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008882 spinal cord commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007699 tract of spinal cord The nerve fiber tracts that span the midline of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008884 left putamen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001874 putamen A putamen that is part of a left cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008885 right putamen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001874 putamen A putamen that is part of a right cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008886 pulmonary vascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007798 vascular system The part of the cardiovascular system consisting of all pulmonary arteries and all pulmonary veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008887 rectal venous plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001593 venous plexus The hemorrhoidal plexus (or rectal venous plexus) surrounds the rectum, and communicates in front with the vesical venous plexus in the male, and the uterovaginal plexus in the female. A free communication between the portal and systemic venous systems is established through the hemorrhoidal plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008895 splanchnocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011159 primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system Subdivision of endoskeleton derived from pharyngeal arches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008896 post-hyoid pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch A pharyngeal arch that is posterior to the hyoid arch. i.e. any pharyngeal arch with a number 3 or higher. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008904 neuromast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035555 lateral line sense organ Volcano-shaped lateral line sensory organ located in characteristic positions within the skin epithelium and containing hair cells and their support elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008906 lateral line nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Cranial nerves that carry afferent and efferent fibers for the lateral line system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008907 dermal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007842 membrane bone Skeletal element that forms superficially in the organism, usually in association with the ectoderm[VSAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008909 perichordal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012075 replacement bone Bone element that is adjacent to the notochord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008930 somatosensory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035014 functional part of brain Area of the parietal lobe concerned with receiving general sensations. It lies posterior to the central sulcus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008933 primary somatosensory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008930 somatosensory cortex (Chapin & Lin, 1984, rat): the region considered as the SI cortex is not a cytoarchitecturally homogeneous structure but consists instead of a patchwork array of areas containing dense aggregations of layer IV granule cells, surrounded by granule-cell-sparse regions. As was shown by Welker (b71,b76), and in our own mapping studies (see Fig. 3), this discontinuous pattern of granular, or koniocortical, zones contains within itself a map of the ratbs cutaneous periphery. There are clear subtypes within this cytoarchitectural subregion, notably including the bgranular aggregateb type of cytoarchitecture characteristic of the paw, limb, and mystacial vibrissae areas, and the bbarrel-fieldb type (originally described by Woolsey and Van der Loos, b70) seen in the nose and perioral regions. In the mouse, but not the rat, such barrels also cover the whole whisker representation (Welker and Woolsey, b74). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008934 secondary somatosensory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008930 somatosensory cortex The area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008946 lung parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A parenchyma that is part of a lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008948 upper lobe of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000101 lobe of lung A lobe of the lung that is closest to the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008949 lower lobe of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000101 lobe of lung The bottom most subdivision of either the right or left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008951 left lung lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000101 lobe of lung A lobe of lung that is part of a left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008952 upper lobe of left lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008951 left lung lobe The lobe of the left lung that is closest to the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008953 lower lobe of left lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008951 left lung lobe A lower lobe of lung that is part of a left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008955 middle lobe of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000101 lobe of lung A lobe of the lung that is situated somewhere between an upper lobe and lower lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008962 forelimb bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element A bone that is part of a forelimb region. Examples: humerus, any of the phalanges. Counter-example: scapula (a bone of the pectoral girdle). Note that we consider the forelimb to end at the shoulder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008969 dental follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium A sac containing the developing tooth and its odontogenic organ. The dental follicle (DF) differentiates into the periodontal ligament. In addition, it may be the precursor of other cells of the periodontium, including osteoblasts, cementoblasts and fibroblasts. They develop into the alveolar bone, the cementum with Sharpey's fibers and the periodontal ligament fibers respectively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008982 fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007846 dense regular connective tissue A dense regular connective tissue that that connects muscles together[WP, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008987 renal parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353 parenchyma The functional tissue of the kidney, consisting of the nephrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008989 submucosal esophageal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011148 submucosal gland One of the racemose glands in the walls of the esophagus that in humans are small and serve principally to lubricate the food but in some birds secrete a milky fluid on which the young are fed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008993 habenular nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007692 nucleus of thalamus Either of the two neural nuclei within the habenula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008995 nucleus of cerebellar nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus Four accumulations of gray substance embedded in the white substance of the cerebellum, comprising the nucleus dentatus, nucleus emboliformis, nucleus globosus, and nucleus fastigii. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008998 vasculature of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036303 vasculature of central nervous system System pertaining to blood vessels in the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009002 placental membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The membrane separating the fetal from the maternal blood in the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009005 femorotibial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint One of the two primary bendings of a typical leg, pertains to the femur and the tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009010 periurethral tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Any portion of tissue that surrounds a urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009014 lower back skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003836 abdominal segment skin A zone of skin that is part of a lower back. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009015 upper back skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001418 skin of thorax A zone of skin that is part of a dorsal thoracic segment of trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009020 left uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002247 uterine horn An uterine horn that is in the left side of a uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009022 right uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002247 uterine horn An uterine horn that is in the right side of a uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009024 adrenal gland X zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009753 adrenal gland cortex zone A transient cortical layer juxtaposed to the medulla and the zona reticularis; in males, this zone rapidly involutes at the onset of puberty whereas this zone persists in females until the first pregnancy or later in adulthood in non-pregnant females. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009027 vesical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies blood to the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009029 pudendal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003520 pelvis blood vessel Either the internal or external pudendal vein, running from the genital-vulvar area and abdomen and down the leg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009030 left pulmonary vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002016 pulmonary vein Vein that drains left lung and returns blood to the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009032 right pulmonary vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002016 pulmonary vein Vein that drains right lung and returns blood to the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009035 renal straight tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule Any region of a nephron tubule that is straight. Examples: distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tuble. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009038 sulcus ampullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line The groove on the external surface of the ampulla of each semicircular duct where the nerve enters the ampullary crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009039 lymph node germinal center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010754 germinal center A germinal center that is located in a lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009042 prostatic venous plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ The prostatic veins form a well-marked prostatic plexus which lies partly in the fascial sheath of the prostate and partly between the sheath and the prostatic capsule. It communicates with the pudendal and vesical plexuses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009097 gravid organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007023 adult organism An organism containing a developing embryo, fetus, or unborn offspring within the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009098 gravid uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000995 uterus The uterus in pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009114 cervical thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002370 thymus A mature thymus that is entirely part of the cervical region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009115 thoracic thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005178 thoracic cavity element A mature thymus that is entirely part of thoracic region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009117 indifferent gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000991 gonad A gonad prior to differentiating into a definitive testis or ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009121 vomeronasal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Nerve carrying fibers from the vomeronasal organ epithelium to the accessory olfactory bulb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009122 adenohypophyseal placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode The adenohypophyseal placode forms the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and gives rise to the endocrine secretory cells of the pituitary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009124 geniculate placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003078 epibranchial placode Rostralmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 1st branchial cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009125 petrosal placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003078 epibranchial placode Epibranchial placode between geniculate and nodose. Associated with 2nd branchial cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009126 nodosal placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003078 epibranchial placode Caudalmost epibranchial placode. Associated with 3rd branchial cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009127 epibranchial ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Cranial ganglion which develops from an epibranchial placode. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009128 lateral line placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003067 dorsolateral placode An ectodermal placode that will develop into the components of the lateral line system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009129 right atrium endocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium Endocardium that is part of the right atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009132 peroneus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004256 hindlimb zeugopod muscle One of a group of three muscles fibularis (peronæus) longus, brevis, and tertius originating on the fibula and inserting on the metatarsals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009133 pleuroperitoneal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue A fold of tissue which extends into the peritoneal cavity of the developing embryo and participates in the separation of the pleural and peritoneal cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009139 right posterior cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A posterior cardinal vein that is in_the_right_side_of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009141 craniocervical region vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013140 systemic vein A vein that is part of a craniocervical region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009142 entire embryonic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster Sum total of mesenchyme in the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009191 sphenoid bone pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015060 sphenoid endochondral element A sphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009193 sphenoid cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015060 sphenoid endochondral element A sphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009197 basioccipital pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015048 basioccipital endochondral element A basioccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009198 craniofacial suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002209 fibrous joint Any suture between cranial and/or facial bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009199 facial suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Any suture between facial bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009200 limb epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000981 limb external integument structure The limb epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of the limb, it is a complex stratified squamous epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009201 nephric duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009203 internasal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011160 nasal suture A suture joining the nasal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009204 medial nasal process mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009501 mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process Mesenchyme that is part of a medial nasal prominence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009205 lateral nasal process mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009501 mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process Mesenchyme that is part of a lateral nasal prominence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009206 lateral nasal process surface ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014702 frontonasal process epithelium An ectoderm that is part of a lateral nasal prominence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009210 pharyngeal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A thin fold of ectoderm and endoderm that separates the pharyngeal pouches from the pharyngeal clefts in a developing embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009213 pharyngeal membrane of 1st arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009210 pharyngeal membrane A pharyngeal membrane that separates the first pharyngeal cleft from the first pharyngeal pouch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009291 cartilaginous vertebral centrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016491 vertebral centrum element Cartilaginous form of a vertebral centrum, a skeletal element that functionally replaces the notochord[VSAP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009471 dorsum of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The superior surface of the tongue divided by the sulcus terminalis into an anterior two-thirds, the presulcal part (pars presulcalis). and a posterior one-third, the postsulcal part (pars postsulcalis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009472 axilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone The axilla is the area directly under the joint where the forelimb connects to the shoulder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009477 associated mesenchyme of otic placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest Mesenchyme that is part of a otic placode. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009479 ectoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000924 ectoderm An ectoderm that is part of a buccopharyngeal membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009480 endoderm of buccopharyngeal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000925 endoderm An endoderm that is part of a buccopharyngeal membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009482 associated mesenchyme of foregut-midgut junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a foregut-midgut junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009483 mesentery of foregut-midgut junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery A mesentery that is part of a foregut-midgut junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009494 pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue A portion of mesenchymal tissue associated with an individual pharyngeal arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009497 epithelium of foregut-midgut junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a foregut-midgut junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009500 periotic mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest Anatomical region that surrounds the otic vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009501 mesenchyme of fronto-nasal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest The embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the frontonasal region of the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009503 mesenchyme of hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing hindgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009504 mesenchyme of main bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Mesenchyme that is part of a developing main bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009505 mesenchyme of trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a developing trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009506 mesenchyme of middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a developing middle ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009521 anal membrane endodermal component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An endoderm that is part of a anal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009522 lateral lingual swelling epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue An epithelium that is part of a lateral lingual swelling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009523 mesenchyme of handplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010377 mesenchyme from somatopleure Mesenchyme that is part of a handplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009526 maxillary process mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a maxillary prominence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009536 vascular element of left lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005629 vascular plexus A vascular plexus that is part of a left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009537 vascular element of right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005629 vascular plexus A vascular plexus that is part of a right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009538 mesenchyme of sublingual gland primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a sublingual gland primordium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009539 mesenchyme of submandibular gland primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a submandibular gland primordium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009548 hepatic sinusoid of left of lobe of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001281 hepatic sinusoid A hepatic sinusoid that is part of a left lobe of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009549 hepatic sinusoid of right of lobe of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001281 hepatic sinusoid A hepatic sinusoid that is part of a right lobe of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009550 endoderm of foregut-midgut junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000925 endoderm An endoderm that is part of a foregut-midgut junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009551 distal segment of digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment A segment of a digit containing the distal phalanx, and overlapping the distal interphalangeal joint[CJM]. The digit tip is derived from multiple and distinct embryonic origins, and includes the distal bone with associated marrow cavity and haematopoietic cells, ventral (flexor) and dorsal (extensor) tendons, sweat glands with myoepithelial and luminal secreting cells and associated neurons for innervation, dermis with resident melanocytes and dendritic cells, mesenchyme with resident fibroblasts, skin epidermis with hair follicles, a nail organ composed of six specific parts (the root, nail bed, nail plate, eponychium (cuticle), perionychium and hyponychium). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009552 distal segment of manual digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009551 distal segment of digit A segment of the manual digit containing the distal phalanx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009553 distal segment of pedal digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009551 distal segment of digit A segment of the pedal digit containing the distal phalanx. Note this class represents a digit segment and thus includes tissues in addition to bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009559 metacarpal/tarsal-phalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint A skeletal joint that connects a mesopodium bone and connects a proximal phalanx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009564 distal limb integumentary appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013703 integumentary projection A nail, hoof or claw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009565 nail of manual digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001705 nail A nail that is part of a manual digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009566 intestinal submucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018257 submucosa of digestive tract A submucosa that is part of a intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009567 nail of pedal digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001705 nail A nail that is part of a pedal digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009568 trunk region of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006077 subdivision of vertebral column Subdivision of vertebral column that corresponds to the trunk of the body, containing the trunk/presacral vertebrae. In organisms that have a thoracic and lumbar distinction, this corresponds to the sum of both of these regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009570 spinal cord sulcus limitans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005478 sulcus limitans of neural tube A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009571 ventral midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009572 lumen of central canal of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A cerebrospinal fluid-filled space that runs longitudinally through the length of the entire spinal cord. The central canal is contiguous with the ventricular system of the brain. The central canal represents the adult remainder of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009576 medulla oblongata sulcus limitans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005478 sulcus limitans of neural tube A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future medulla oblongata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009577 metencephalon sulcus limitans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005478 sulcus limitans of neural tube A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future metencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009578 myelencephalon sulcus limitans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005478 sulcus limitans of neural tube A sulcus limitans of neural tube that is part of a future myelencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009584 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010042 1st arch mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch mandibular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009585 interdigital region mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009749 limb mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing interdigital region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009586 mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009600 mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 1 and 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009587 mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009600 mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 2 and 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009588 mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009600 mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 3 and 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009589 mesenchyme of interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009600 mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between manual digits 4 and 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009590 mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009601 mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 1 and 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009591 mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009601 mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 2 and 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009592 mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009601 mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 3 and 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009593 mesenchyme of interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009601 mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between pedal digits 4 and 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009596 mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 1 and 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009585 interdigital region mesenchyme An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 1 and 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009597 mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 2 and 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009585 interdigital region mesenchyme An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 2 and 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009598 mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009585 interdigital region mesenchyme An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 3 and 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009599 mesenchyme of interdigital region between digits 4 and 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009585 interdigital region mesenchyme An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a interdigital region between digits 4 and 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009600 mesenchyme of interdigital region of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009585 interdigital region mesenchyme An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009601 mesenchyme of interdigital region of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009585 interdigital region mesenchyme An interdigital region mesenchyme that is part of a pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009602 left lung associated mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004883 lung mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009603 right lung associated mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004883 lung mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009610 forebrain neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003075 neural plate A neural plate that develops_from a future forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009611 midbrain neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003075 neural plate A neural plate that develops_from a presumptive midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009614 hindbrain neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003075 neural plate A neural plate that develops_from a presumptive hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009616 presumptive midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A presumptive structure that has the potential to develop into a midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009617 head paraxial mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005253 head mesenchyme Bilateral mesenchymal mesoderm parallel and immediately adjacent to the neural tube/notochord; it generates a subset of extra-ocular, and other head, muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009621 tail somite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002329 somite A somite that is part of a tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009622 pronephric proximal straight tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005310 pronephric nephron tubule A proximal straight tubule that is part of a pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009623 spinal nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002211 nerve root The paired bundles of nerve fibers entering and leaving the spinal cord at each segment. The dorsal and ventral nerve roots join to form the mixed segmental spinal nerves. The dorsal roots are generally afferent, formed by the central projections of the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia sensory cells, and the ventral roots efferent, comprising the axons of spinal motor and autonomic preganglionic neurons. There are, however, some exceptions to this afferent/efferent rule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009624 lumbar nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001780 spinal nerve The lumbar nerves are the five spinal nerves emerging from the lumbar vertebrae. They are divided into posterior and anterior divisions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009625 sacral nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001780 spinal nerve The five sacral nerves emerge from the sacrum. Although the vertebral components of the sacrum are fused into a single bone, the sacral vertebrae are still used to number the sacral nerves. Posteriorly, they emerge from the posterior sacral foramina, and form the posterior branches of sacral nerves. Anteriorly, they emerge from the anterior sacral foramina, and contribute to the sacral plexus (S1-S4) and coccygeal plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009630 root of thoracic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009623 spinal nerve root A spinal nerve root that is part of a thoracic nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009631 root of lumbar spinal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009623 spinal nerve root A spinal nerve root that is part of a lumbar nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009633 root of sacral nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009623 spinal nerve root A spinal nerve root that is part of a sacral nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009635 parachordal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003932 cartilage element of chondrocranium Chondrocranium chondrification center that fuses with cartilages derived from sclerotome region of occipital somites forming occipital bone, hypoglossal canals and foramen magnum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009636 prechordal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003932 cartilage element of chondrocranium Chondrocranium chondrification center that that forms anterior body of sphenoid, containing the sella turcica and posterior body of sphenoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009639 body of sphenoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone The body of the sphenoid bone, more or less cubical in shape, is hollowed out in its interior to form two large cavities, the sphenoidal air sinuses, which are separated from each other by a septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009640 hypophyseal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003932 cartilage element of chondrocranium Forms around the developing pituitary, and together with prechordal cartilages creates body of sphenoid bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009645 ampullary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005399 male reproductive gland A paired accessory, glandular, androgen-dependent outpouchings of the proximal ductus deferens, one on each side, that produce and secrete lipids and glycogen, components of the seminal fluid; they open into the ampullae at the level of the colliculus seminalis, are lined by simple columnar epithelium with large, oval nuclei, and may be distinguished from those of the prostate as they are surrounded by a characteristic, dense, fibromuscular stroma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009646 lumbar sympathetic nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004295 sympathetic nerve trunk A sympathetic nerve trunk that is part of a lower back. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009647 tympanic membrane epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015813 middle ear epithelium One of the two epithelia which make up the tympanic membrane (along with the fibrous layer). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009648 eyelid subcutaneous connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An eyelid connective tissue that is part of a hypodermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009651 nephron tubule basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005769 basement membrane of epithelium A basement membrane that is part of a nephron tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009652 bronchus basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015329 respiratory system basement membrane A basement membrane that is part of a bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009653 trachea basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015329 respiratory system basement membrane A basement membrane that is part of a trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009654 alveolar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery A branch of the maxillary artery that is found in the gingiva, premolars, and molars. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009655 auricular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009661 midbrain nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain Nucleus located in the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain Nucleus located within the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain A nucleus of brain that is part of a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009668 ventral mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure Ventral mesentery is the part of the peritoneum closest to the navel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009669 embryonic cloacal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012463 cloacal lumen An anatomical space that surrounded_by a embryonic cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009670 rectal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that surrounded_by a rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009671 nasal fin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011642 oral epithelium from ectoderm The nasal fin is an epithelial seam that develops by fusion between the epithelial linings of the medial and lateral nasal swellings. Shortly after its formation the nasal fin regresses and is replaced by mesenchyme, with exception of its most posterior portion which remains as the bucconasal membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009672 oronasal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The oronasal membrane separates the oral cavity and nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009678 tooth row http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034926 anatomical row Anatomical cluster consisting of adjacent teeth constituting a row. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009679 set of lower jaw teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009678 tooth row A tooth row that is part of a skeleton of lower jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009680 set of upper jaw teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009678 tooth row A tooth row that is part of a skeleton of upper jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009689 anterior inferior cerebellar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003472 cerebellar artery A basilar artery branch that supplies the anterior portion of the inferior surface of the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009692 lumen of pharyngotympanic tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005082 tube lumen An organ cavity that is part of a pharyngotympanic tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009695 epithelium of laryngopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003351 pharyngeal epithelium An epithelium that is part of a hypopharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009712 endocardium of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001081 endocardium of ventricle Any endocardium that is part of the right ventricle of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009713 endocardium of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001081 endocardium of ventricle Any endocardium that is part of the left ventricle of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009714 intermaxillary process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009292 embryonic nasal process The primordial mass of tissue formed by the merging of the medial nasal prominences of the embryo; it contributes to the intermaxillary portion of the upper jaw, the prolabial portion of the upper lip, and the primary palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009715 stomodeal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a stomodeum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009742 proamniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The cavity of the developing embryo that is formed within the epiblast tissue prior to the closing of the proamniotic canal by the amniotic folds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009743 visceral yolk sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012466 extraembryonic cavity The closed space containing the yolk, formed by the fusion of the edges of the embryonic epiblast (hypoblast) and later surrounded by the visceral yolk sac (hypoblast and visceral yolk sac mesoderm). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009744 lymph node medullary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004111 anatomical conduit The channels in the lymph node medulla that separate the medullary cords and are crossed by a reticulum of cells and fibers and bounded by littoral cells; lymph flows through the medullary sinus from the cortical sinuses and into the efferent lymphatic vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009745 lymph node medullary cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The dense rope-like structures of lymphatic tissue located between the medullary sinuses in the medulla of a lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009746 head fold of embryonic disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future cephalic end of the developing embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009747 tail fold of embryonic disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future caudal end of the developing embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009748 cephalic neural fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005062 neural fold The elevated margins of the neural groove that are located in the future cephalic region of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009749 limb mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme The primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing limbs, autopods and digits, consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to limb connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with myotome cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009751 cardiac mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing cardiac structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009752 pancreas mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme The embryonic connective tissue made up of loosely aggregated mesenchymal cells, supported by interlaminar jelly, that gives rise to the developing pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009758 abdominal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007134 trunk ganglion A ganglion that is part of a abdominal segment of trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009767 proximal interphalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006658 interphalangeal joint An inter-phalangeal joint that connects a proximal phalanx to either a medial or distal phalanx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009768 distal interphalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006658 interphalangeal joint An inter-phalangeal joint that connects a distal phalanx to either a medial or proximal phalanx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009771 left anterior cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An anterior cardinal vein that is in_the_left_side_of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009772 right anterior cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An anterior cardinal vein that is in_the_right_side_of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009773 renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009778 pleural sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A serous sac that has the pleura and the pleural cavity as parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009779 cardiac muscle tissue of right auricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003379 cardiac muscle of right atrium A cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a right atrium auricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009780 cardiac muscle tissue of left auricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003380 cardiac muscle of left atrium A cardiac muscle tissue that is part of a left atrium auricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009840 lower rhombic lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Posterior portion of the rhombic lip contained within rhombomeres 2-8. Gives rise to several brainstem nuclei and choroid plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009841 upper rhombic lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain Anterior-most region of dorsal hindbrain within rhombomere 1, adjacent the midbrain-hindbrain boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009842 glandular acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster The many-lobed berry cluster of cells that is the terminous of a gland where the secretion is produced is acinar in form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009843 prostate epithelial cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005154 epithelial cord A solid cord of prostate epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009844 urogenital sinus lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that surrounded_by a primitive urogenital sinus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009845 urogenital sinus mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that surrounds primitive urogenital sinus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009846 embryonic cloacal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012481 cloacal epithelium An epithelium that is part of a embryonic cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009847 prostate field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage A specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009848 zona limitans intrathalamica http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction A narrow stripe of cells that lies between the prospective dorsal and ventral thalami. This boundary contains signals that pattern the prethalamic and thalamic territories of the future mid-diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009850 nematode larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002548 larva A multicellular organism that existence_starts_and_ends_during a nematode larval stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009854 digestive tract diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009856 sac Branch or outpocketing of the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009857 cavum septum pellucidum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A space enclosed within the laminae of the septum pelludicum, the membranous partition that seperates the frontal horns of the ventricle. contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that filters from the ventricles through the septal laminae. bounded anteriorly by the genu of the corpus callosum; superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum; posteriorly by the anterior limb and pillars of the fornix; inferiorly by the anterior commissure and the rostrum of the corpus callosum; and laterally by the leaflets of the septum pellucidum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ A division of the stomach. The stomach can be divided based on mucosal histology (glandular epithelium and gastric glands) and the relative position and type of gastric gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009871 nephrogenic zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure Outer portion of the renal cortex. Site of formation of medullary and cortical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009877 metapodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment Intermediate segment of the autopod, between the mesopodial region and and acropodial region. Examples: metacarpal region, metatarsal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009878 mesopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision The collection of all skeletal elements in a mesopodium. Examples: the tarsal skeleton, the carpal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009879 tarsal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009878 mesopodial skeleton Subdivision of skeleton that consists of endochondral elements distal to the zeugopodial skeletal elements which constitute the proximal region of the posterior autopod skeleton[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009880 carpal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009878 mesopodial skeleton Subdivision of skeleton that consists of the endochondral elements distal to the anterior limb/fin zeugopodial skeletal elements which constitute the proximal region of the anterior autopod skeleton[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009882 anal column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ One of a number of vertical folds, produced by an infolding of the mucous membrane and some of the muscular tissue in the upper half of the lumen of the anal canal[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009883 medullary ray http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part A renal, cortical lobule, consisting of the ascending or descending limbs of the loop of Henle or of the collecting tubules; medullary rays are regions where parallel arrays of straight tubules travel perpendicular to the capsule and extend from the cortex to the medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009885 interlobar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that supplies a renal lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009887 interlobar vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The interlobar veins are veins of the renal circulation which drain the renal lobes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009889 secondary heart field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage A specific region of the lateral mesoderm that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, arterial pole (outflow tract) and venous pole (inflow tract). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009891 facial mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005253 head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009897 right auditory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An auditory cortex that is in the left side of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009898 left auditory cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An auditory cortex that is in the right side of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009906 root of optic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve A nerve root that extends_fibers_into a nerve connecting eye with brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009912 anatomical lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit A portion of an organ, such as the liver, lung, breast, or brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009913 renal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009912 anatomical lobe The portion of a kidney consisting of a renal medullary pyramid and the renal cortex above it[MP]. It is composed of many renal lobules[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009914 renal lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009911 lobule The portion of a renal lobe consisting of nephrons grouped around a single medullary ray and draining into a single collecting duct; human kidneys have multilobular, multipapillary architecture while mice and rats have unilobular, unipapillary kidneys. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009916 wall of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An anatomical wall that is part of a ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009917 kidney corticomedullary boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction The region demarcating the renal medulla from the surrounding cortex; end-stage renal failure may be associated with loss of the normal corticomedullary boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009918 retrotrapezoid nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata The loose collection of neurons that reside in the rostral medulla close to the medullary surface, ventral and immediately caudal of nVII, that are crucial for CO2 sensing in the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009919 ureter smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue The smooth muscle tissue surrounding the epithelium of the ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009952 dentate gyrus subgranular zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A narrow layer of cells located between the granule cell layer and hilus of the dentate gyrus, where adult neurogenesis occurs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009953 post-embryonic organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism A multicellular organism that existence_starts_with a post-embryonic stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009954 vomeronasal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system A vertebrate nasal chemosensory system that is responsible for detecting intraspecific pheromonal cues as well as environmental odorants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009955 neurogenic placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002546 cranial placode Cranial ectodermal placode with potential to develop into a component of the nervous system, such as nerves or ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009958 bladder lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009959 lumen of oropharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a oropharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009960 esophagus smooth muscle circular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012368 circular muscle layer of muscular coat A circular muscle layer of muscular coat that is part of a esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009970 epithelium of pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct An epithelium that is part of a pancreatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009972 ureteropelvic junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction The junction between the ureter and the renal pelvis of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009973 ureterovesical junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction The valve-like structure found at the site of entry of the ureter into the urinary bladder, normally displays an oblique angulation through the detrusor to avoid reflux of urine up the ureters and the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009974 lumen of Rathke's pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007473 lumen of epithelial sac An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a Rathke's pouch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009979 condyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ An articular prominence of a bone, typically present in pairs, resembling a pair of knuckles. Examples: Condyle of humerus, condyle of femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009980 condyle of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009979 condyle A condyle that is part of a distal epiphysis of femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009984 medial condyle of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009980 condyle of femur The medial condyle is one of the two projections on the lower extremity of femur. The medial condyle is larger than the lateral (outer) condyle due to more weight bearing caused by the center of gravity being medial to the knee. On the posterior surface of the condyle the linea aspera (a ridge running down the posterior shaft of the femur) turns into the medial supracondylar ridge. The outermost protrusion on the medial surface of the medial condyle is referred to as the 'medial epicondyle' and can be palpated by running fingers medially from the patella with the knee in flexion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009988 condyle of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009979 condyle The distal end of the humerus, including the trochlea, capitulum and the olecranon, coronoid and radial fossae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009989 condyle of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009979 condyle One of the lateral or medial condyles of the tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009991 lateral condyle of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009989 condyle of tibia The lateral condyle is the lateral portion of the upper extremity of tibia. It serves as the insertion for the Biceps femoris muscle[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010001 cell cluster organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster A small cluster of cells of various types which form a discrete structure, largely delimited by a morphological boundary and whose components work together to make the whole structure capable of a specific function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010002 pulmonary neuroendocrine body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Corpuscular, organoid structures composed of PNECs, found as distinctive innervated clusters only within intrapulmonary airways, where they appear concentrated at airway branch points; NEBs reach from the basement membrane to the airway lumen and are thought to function as oxygen sensors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010005 placental labyrinth villous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The vascularized and branched structures arising from the rodent trophoblast-derived epithelium that allow an increase its surface area for the efficient exchange of nutrients and wastes between the maternal and fetal circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010006 placenta intervillous maternal lacunae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012466 extraembryonic cavity The spaces of the placenta occupied by maternal blood, into which the fetal labyrinth villi project. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010007 placenta fetal blood space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012466 extraembryonic cavity The spaces of the placenta occupied by fetal blood, primarily within the fetal labyrinth villi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010009 aggregate regional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034923 disconnected anatomical group A regional part of brain consisting of multiple brain regions that are not related through a simple volummetric part of hierarchy, e.g., basal ganglia[NIF]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010020 tubotympanic recess epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015813 middle ear epithelium The dorsal portion of the embryonic first endodermal pharyngeal pouch; it develops into the middle ear cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010031 6th arch mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009494 pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010032 anterior part of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The portion of the tongue in front of the terminal sulcus. At the apex, thin and narrow, it is directed forward against the lingual surfaces of the lower incisor teeth. It is derived primarily from the first pharyngeal arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010033 posterior part of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part The Posterior tongue, or pharyngeal part, is the part of the tongue behind the terminal sulcus. At its root, it is directed backward, and connected with the hyoid bone by the Hyoglossi and Genioglossi muscles and the hyoglossal membrane; with the epiglottis by three folds (glossoepiglottic) of mucous membrane; with the soft palate by the glossopalatine arches; and with the pharynx by the Constrictores pharyngis superiores and the mucous membrane. It is derived primarily from the third pharyngeal arch. (The second arch has a substantial contribution during fetal development, but this later atrophies. The fourth arch may also contribute, depending upon how the boundaries of the tongue are defined.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010038 fundic gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000414 mucous gland The fundus glands (or fundic glands, or gastric glands) are found in the body and fundus of the stomach. They are simple tubes, two or more of which open into a single duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010039 food storage organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element An organ of the digestive tract that is capable of retaining and storing food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010040 stomach non-glandular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011952 non-glandular epithelium Am epithelium that lines the stomach which lacks glands. In addition to a glandular epithelium, the stomachs of some vertebrates also has a second region characterized by a nonglandular epithelium, devoid of gastric glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010042 1st arch mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009494 pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region Mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010045 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010042 1st arch mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a 1st arch maxillary component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010046 entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue The sum total of mesenchymal tissue in the pharyngeal arch region. Pharyngeal mesenchyme is undifferentiated, loose connective tissue derived mostly from mesoderm, and also contains ectodermally derived neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010047 oral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003408 gland of digestive tract Gland of the epithelium lining the oral cavity. The most common are the salivary glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010052 mucosa of dorsum of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005020 mucosa of tongue A mucosa that is part of a dorsum of tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010054 malleus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015018 malleus endochondral element A malleus endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010055 stapes cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015016 stapes endochondral element A stapes endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010056 future tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A compound organ that has the potential to develop into a tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010060 pharyngeal opening of pharyngotympanic tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space On the lateral wall of the nasal part of the pharynx is the pharyngeal opening of auditory tube (pharyngeal ostium), somewhat triangular in shape, and bounded behind by a firm prominence, the torus or cushion, caused by the medial end of the cartilage of the tube which elevates the mucous membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010064 open anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space with at least one opening to another space or the exterior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010066 tympanic plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The tympanic part of the temporal bone is a curved plate of bone lying below the squama and in front of the mastoid process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010069 outer epithelial layer of tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015814 outer ear epithelium A portion of the external acoustic meatus epithelium which makes up the outer (cuticular) layer of the tympanic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010070 intermediate layer of tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010071 layer of tympanic membrane The intermediate fibrous layer of the tympanic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010074 chromaffin system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision Organ system subdivision that consists primarily of chromaffin cells and their supporting structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010075 sacral neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue One of the 5 distinct and partially overlapping functional domains of the premigratory neural crest. The vagal and sacral neural crest cells develop into the ganglia of the enteric nervous system, also known as the parasympathetic ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010076 network of trabecular spaces in bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space Tissue cavity consisting of intercommunicating trabecular spaces in the cancellous bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010077 cuboidal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium consisting of cuboidal epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010081 future common hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034932 epithelium of biliary system An extrahepatic bile duct that has the potential to develop into a common hepatic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010083 future dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that has the potential to develop into a dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010084 future diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A structure that will develop into a diaphragm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010091 future hindbrain meninx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007645 future meninx A multi-tissue structure that has the potential to develop into a meninx of hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010092 future metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A developing anatomical structure that has the potential to develop into a metencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010096 future myelencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A developing anatomical structure that has the potential to develop into a myelencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010123 future facial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter A gray matter that has the potential to develop into a facial nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010125 future superior salivatory nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter A gray matter that has the potential to develop into a superior salivatory nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010128 future pterygopalatine ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion A ganglion that has the potential to develop into a pterygopalatine ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010129 femur cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015052 femur endochondral element A femur endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010130 embryonic autopod plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The distal elements of the developing limb of vertebrates that will give rise to the autopod (e.g. manus, pes, paw). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010131 conducting tissue of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001133 cardiac muscle tissue Any portion of cardiac muscle tissue that is part of the conducting system of heart or the Purkinje fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010133 neuroendocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002368 endocrine gland Any of the organized aggregations of cells that function as secretory or excretory organs and that release hormones in response to neural stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010134 secretory circumventricular organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010133 neuroendocrine gland A circumventricular organ that is capable of secreting substances into the cerebrospinal fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010135 sensory circumventricular organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005408 circumventricular organ A circumventricular organ that is capable of monitoring the levels of substances to the cerebrospinal fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010136 epithelial sheet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelial sheet is a flat surface consisting of closely packed epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010137 polarized epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010141 primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005295 sex cord A sex cord that is part of a indifferent gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010143 seminal vesicle fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006530 seminal fluid A bodily secretion that is produced by a seminal vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010146 paraurethral duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The Skene's ducts are a pair of ducts leading from the Skene's glands to the surface of the vulva, to the left and right of the urethral opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010147 male accessory sex gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005399 male reproductive gland Any gland, other than the gonad, associated with the genital tract, such as the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral, prostate and vesicular glands of the male. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010150 duct of major vestibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011831 duct of vestibular gland One of a pair of ducts leading from the Bartholin's glands to the surface of the vulva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010151 duct of bulbourethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005904 duct of male reproductive system A duct that is part of a bulbo-urethral gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010152 skin mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000912 mucus A mucous secretion that is produced by glands in the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010155 parietomastoid suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture Unites the mastoid process of the temporal with the region of the mastoid angle of the parietal[WP:Squamosal_suture]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010156 sphenofrontal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture The Sphenofrontal suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010157 sphenoparietal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture The Sphenoparietal suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the parietal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010158 sphenozygomatic suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture The Sphenozygomatic suture is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the zygomatic bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010160 lumen of lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010161 lumen of blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that surrounded_by a blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010162 post-anal tail tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis The distal end of the tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010164 collection of hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection An anatomical cluster that composed_primarily_of a strand of hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010165 collection of hair on face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014382 collection of hairs on head or neck A collection of hairs that is part of a face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010168 collection of eyelashes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010165 collection of hair on face A collection of hair on face that is part of a eyelash. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010171 strand of hair of face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016446 hair of head A strand of hair that is part of a face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010172 bulb of aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The portion of the left ventricular outflow tract delineated by the sinotubular ridge superiorly and the bases of the valve leaflets inferiorly; it comprises the aortic sinuses, the aortic valve leaflets, the commissures, and the interleaflet triangles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010173 sinotubular junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction The point in the ascending aorta where the aortic sinuses end and the aorta becomes a tubular structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010183 liver trabecula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A trabecula that is part of a liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010186 male urethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001338 urethral gland Any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the penile urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010187 female urethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001338 urethral gland An urethral gland that is part of a female urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010188 protuberance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ A roughly circular bulge in a surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010190 pair of dorsal aortae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure The paired arterial structures of the embryo that supplies each developing somite via efferent segmental arteries; the dorsal aortae articulate with the umbilical arteries, which return mixed blood to the villi of the chorion for reoxygenation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010192 genital artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012254 abdominal aorta artery One of the laterally paired arteries that supply the gonads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010194 hepatic portal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005806 portal system A portal system that begins in capillaries in the wall of the digestive tract and and runs as the hepatic portal vein to the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010197 trunk of common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005396 carotid artery segment The initial part of the entire common carotid artery ending with the point where the artery bifurcates into an external carotid artery and an internal carotid artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010198 carotid duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery A segment of the embryonic dorsal aorta between points of juncture with the third and fourth arch arteries; it regresses early in development to allow the carotid axis to take its definitive appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010199 bona-fide anatomical boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity An anatomical boundary that corresponds to some physical discontinuity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010202 lateral line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010204 tail vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature A vasculature that is part of a post-anal tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010207 nictitating membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001711 eyelid A fold of the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva in many animals. At rest, it is hidden in the medial canthus. It can extend to cover part or all of the cornea to help clean the cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010210 blood clot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance A semisolid gelatinous mass of coagulated blood that consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets entrapped in a fibrin network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010212 laryngeal apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure Apparatus located between the lungs and the buccal cavity. This apparatus is composed of a pair of arytenoid cartilages that are supported by the cricoid ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010215 arytenoid swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005856 developing mesenchymal condensation Paired primordial elevations, on either side of the embryonic larynx, within which the arytenoid cartilages are formed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010223 left pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001771 pupil A pupil that is part of a left eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010224 right pupil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001771 pupil A pupil that is part of a right eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010225 thalamic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019269 gray matter of diencephalon A nuclear complex which in mammals consists of four parts, the hypothalamus, epithalamus, ventral thalamus, and dorsal thalamus[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010227 future cardiac atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Multi-tissue structure that is part of the heart tube and will become the cardiac atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010230 eyeball of camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The core globe-shaped component of the camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010233 stroma of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The connective tissue that supports the lobules and follicles of the thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010234 palatopharyngeus muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The palatopharyngeus or palatopharyngeal or pharyngopalatinus muscle is a long, fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the palatopharyngeal arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010242 anterior buccal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012102 buccal salivary gland The racemose, mucous or serous glands in the submucous tissue of the cheeks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010243 merocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002365 exocrine gland An exocrine gland whose secretions are excreted via exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial-walled duct or ducts and thence onto a bodily surface or into the lumen; the gland releases its product and no part of the gland is lost or damaged. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010252 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010259 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010253 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010259 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010254 2nd arch mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010359 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 2nd arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010255 3rd arch mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010359 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 3rd arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010256 4th arch mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010359 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 4th arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010257 6th arch mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010359 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a rhombencephalon neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010259 1st arch mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010359 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010260 umbilical blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel One of the three blood vessels, usually one large umbilical vein and two small umbilical arteries, buried within Wharton's jelly, that transport blood to and from the placenta, where exchange between the mother and fetus takes place; the umbilical vein carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus, and the umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010262 operculum of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The most posterior portion of the inferior frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe in the brain. In an axial plane, the Sylvian fissure extends from the operculum posteriorly to divide the frontal from the temporal lobe. Broca's area is a notable part of the operculum, which plays a key role in conversation or speech production, reading and writing. Its vascular supply comes from the M3 branches of the middle cerebral artery[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010272 hyoid apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system A group of bones comprised of hyoid body and two pairs of cornua (i.e. greater cornua and lesser cornua), and lies just below the tongue, above the thyroid cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010273 zone of hyoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ A zone of bone organ that is part of a hyoid bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010276 space in vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space Any anatomical space that is part of a vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010277 mesocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The part of the embryonic mesentery which connects the embryonic heart with the body wall in front and the foregut behind. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010284 lacrimal punctum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A minute orifice on the summit of the papillae lacrimales, which is the commencement point of the lacrimal canaliculi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010285 midbrain basal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter Portion of tissue that is dorsolateral to the floor plate and part of the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010286 midbrain neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Portion of neural tube that gives rise to the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010294 scleral endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium An endothelium that is part of a sclera. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010295 substantia propria of sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010291 layer of sclera A stroma that is part of a sclera. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010299 scleral mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme surrounding the developing optic cup which develops into the sclera. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010303 extraembryonic epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue An epithelium that is part of a extraembryonic structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010304 non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006915 stratified squamous epithelium Stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium, the cells of which synthesizes but does not accumulate keratin. Examples: epithelium of vagina, epithelium of wall of esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010305 subdivision of conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure One of the three major regions of the conjunctiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010306 bulbar conjunctiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010305 subdivision of conjunctiva The conjunctiva covering the anterior surface of the sclera and the surface epithelium of the cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010307 conjunctival fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010305 subdivision of conjunctiva The space formed by the junction of the bulbar and palpebral portions of the conjunctiva, that of the upper lid being the superior conjunctival fornix (fornix conjunctivae superior) and that of the lower lid, the inferior conjunctival fornix (fornix conjunctivae inferior); the fornix is loose and flexible, allowing the free movement of the lids and eyeball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010309 palpebral bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010321 skeletal element of eye region An ossified element investing the upper eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010310 nictitating membrane lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010321 skeletal element of eye region Thin cartilage element that stiffens the nictitating membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010312 immature eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure Developing anatomical structure that develops into the eyeball and associated structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest An anatomical structure that develops from the neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010321 skeletal element of eye region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A skeletal element that is part of a orbital region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010323 cranial skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system Skeletal subdivision of the head including skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010328 limb bud mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010329 paired limb/fin bud mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a limb bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010329 paired limb/fin bud mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010377 mesenchyme from somatopleure Mesenchyme that is part of a limb/fin bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010330 eyelid mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003314 eye mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010332 epithelium of handplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a handplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010333 extraembryonic membrane mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a extraembryonic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010334 maxillary process mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a maxillary process mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010335 maxillary process mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009526 maxillary process mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a maxillary process mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010336 mandibular process mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a mandibular process mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010337 mandibular process mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006905 mandibular process mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a mandibular process mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010338 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010341 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch maxillary mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010339 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010341 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mandibular mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010341 1st arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010360 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 1st arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010343 2nd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010360 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 2nd arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010344 3rd arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010360 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 3rd arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010345 4th arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010360 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 4th arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010347 6th arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010360 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a 6th arch mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010349 otic capsule pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004637 otic capsule An otic capsule endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010355 ossification center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The first step in ossification of the cartilage is that the cartilage cells, at the point where ossification is commencing and which is termed a ossification center, enlarge and arrange themselves in rows. The matrix in which they are imbedded increases in quantity, so that the cells become further separated from each other. A deposit of calcareous material now takes place in this matrix, between the rows of cells, so that they become separated from each other by longitudinal columns of calcified matrix, presenting a granular and opaque appearance. Here and there the matrix between two cells of the same row also becomes calcified, and transverse bars of calcified substance stretch across from one calcareous column to another. Thus there are longitudinal groups of the cartilage cells enclosed in oblong cavities, the walls of which are formed of calcified matrix which cuts off all nutrition from the cells; the cells, in consequence, atrophy, leaving spaces called the primary areolC&. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010358 arch of centrum of vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element An arch-shaped structure of the vertebra that extends dorsally (neural arch) or ventrally (hemal arch) from the vertebral centrum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010359 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest Mesenchyme that develops_from a neural crest and is part of a entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010360 pharyngeal arch mesenchyme from head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue Mesenchyme that develops_from a head mesenchyme from mesoderm and is part of a entire pharyngeal arch associated mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010362 endoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Skeletal subdivision that undergoes indirect development and includes elements that develop as a replacement or substitution of other elements or tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element A skeletal element that has the potential to participate in endochondral ossification, and may participate in intramembranous ossification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010364 dermal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Skeletal subdivision that undergoes direct development and includes elements that either develop in association with the basement membrane of the ectoderm or are homologous with such elements; includes dermatocranium, components of the appendicular skeleton, teeth and tooth-like elements of the oropharynx, and integumentary elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010365 odontoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Skeletal tissue that is part of the exoskeleton and derived from an odontogenic papilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010366 conjunctival vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002203 vasculature of eye A vasculature that is part of a conjunctiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010367 conjunctival vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A vein that is part of a conjunctiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010368 pulmonary lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009911 lobule The smallest anatomical unit of the lung, measuring 0.50 to 2.00 cm in diameter. Each lobule is composed of 4-8 terminal bronchioles and their distal alveolar ducts and sacs. The lobules are separated by fibrous interlobular septa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010369 secondary pulmonary lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010368 pulmonary lobule A unit of lung supplied by three to five terminal bronchioles and contained by fibrous septa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010370 tibial vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003503 leg blood vessel One of the veins of the lower leg; empty into the popliteal vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Epithelium composed of cells that develops from the ectoderm[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010377 mesenchyme from somatopleure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue Mesenchyme that develops_from a somatopleure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010378 mesenchyme from splanchnopleure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue Mesenchyme that develops_from a splanchnopleure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010379 superior tarsal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The superior tarsal muscle is a smooth muscle adjoining the levator palpebrae superioris muscle that helps to raise the upper eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010380 enteric nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The neurons that innervate the esophagus, stomach, small and large bowel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010384 lumen of laryngopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a hypopharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010386 Peyer's patch follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000444 lymphoid follicle A lymphoid follicle that is part of a Peyer's patch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010387 Peyer's patch T cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element The Peyer's patch area normally occupied by T lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010388 proximal segment of rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The segment of the rib that connects to a vertebra[MP]. a small part of the rib composed of the head, neck, tuberculum and a short proximal part of the body[PMID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010389 pterygoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012071 palate bone A bone which corresponds to the inner plate of the pterygoid process of the human skull, but which, in all vertebrates below mammals, is not connected with the posterior nares, but serves to connect the palatine bones with the point of suspension of the lower jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010390 lumen of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An organ cavity that is part of a urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010395 lymph node primary follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010748 lymph node follicle An unstimulated network of follicular dendritic cells and small resting B cells in the lymph node cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010396 afferent lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel Lymphatic vessel that enters the lymph node. The afferent lymph vessels enter at all parts of the periphery of the lymph node, and after branching and forming a dense plexus in the substance of the capsule, open into the lymph sinuses of the cortical part. In doing this they lose all their coats except their endothelial lining, which is continuous with a layer of similar cells lining the lymph paths. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010397 efferent lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel Lymphatic vessel that exits the lymph node. The efferent lymphatic vessel commences from the lymph sinuses of the medullary portion of the lymph nodes and leave the lymph nodes either to veins or greater nodes. Efferent lymphatic vessels are also found in the thymus and spleen. This is in contrast to afferent lymphatic vessels, which are found only in lymph nodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010398 spleen marginal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001959 white pulp of spleen The border region surrounding the spleen B cell follicles and the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath that separates it from the marginal zone that mediates lymphocyte entry into the white pulp from the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010399 spleen trabecular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003497 abdomen blood vessel One of the branches of the splenic artery[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010400 spleen trabecular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013126 vein of abdomen One of the veins that feed the splenic vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010401 spleen central arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022292 splenic arteriole A blood vessel surrounded by the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath that connects the trabecular artery to the trabecular vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010402 epidermis suprabasal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer Any layer of the epidermis that is superior to the stratum basale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010403 brain marginal zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure The part of the future brain that is derived from the mantle layer of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010404 lateral ventricle subependymal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A cell layer below the ependyma in the lateral ventricles of the brain. This region contains adult neural stem cells which have the potential to generate new neurons and glial cells via neurogenesis. It is an adult version of the embryonic forebrain germinal zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010405 spinal cord lateral motor column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005374 spinal cord lateral column Column of motor neurons which innervate muscles in the limb; motor neurons in the lateral motor column are further organized into pools, each of which innervates a specific muscle in the limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010406 cholinergic enteric nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010380 enteric nerve Nerve fibers that utilize acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter to the intestinal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010409 ocular surface region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The integrated unit (of the eye) that consists of the conjunctiva, the corneal surface, and the ocular mucosal adnexa including the lid margins and the meibomian gland openings, the lacrimal glands and the lacrimal drainage system, all which are critical to maintain ocular surface integrity and provide protection from external antigens and pathogenic microorganisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010410 inguinal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad Encapsulated adipose tissue found in the groin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010411 retroperitoneal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Encapsulated adipose tissue found on the dorsal side of the peritoneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010412 epididymal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the epididymis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010413 parametrial fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015143 mesenteric fat pad Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010414 omental fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010411 retroperitoneal fat pad Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the fold of peritoneal tissue that extends from the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall after associating with the transverse colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010415 barrel cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035014 functional part of brain One of the discrete functional units of the somatosensory cortex that processes tactile information derived from the vibrissae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010416 lymph node B cell domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010392 B cell domain A part of the lymph node cortex in which B lymphocytes home to primary follicles to survey follicular dendritic cells (FDCs); antigen stimulated B cells proliferate and differentiate within the follicles forming distinctive germinal centers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010417 lymph node T cell domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010393 T cell domain The paracortex and interfollicular cortex of the lymph node in which T lymphocytes home to survey dendritic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010418 urethral opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000161 orifice An orifice that is part of a lower urinary tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010419 vibrissa follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002073 hair follicle One of the tubular invaginations of the epidermis enclosing the hair roots and from which grow the vibrissae located on the muzzle and face of many species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010420 lymph node germinal center mantle zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010755 secondary follicle corona A part of the secondary follicle in which naive B cells reside along with some helper T cells, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells; these are displaced by the expanding germinal centre and form a 'mantle' around it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010421 spleen B cell corona http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010755 secondary follicle corona The area of the (spleen) secondary B follicle that surrounds the germinal center and harbors the small recirculating B lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010422 primary nodular lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000444 lymphoid follicle A lymphoid follicle containing naive B cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010423 primary lymphoid nodule of tonsil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010422 primary nodular lymphoid tissue A primary nodular lymphoid tissue that is part of a tonsil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010425 internal naris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000003 naris A naris that is located inside the nasal cavity and connects to the pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010426 oropharyngeal choana http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010425 internal naris Opening/conduit between the nasal cavity and the oropharynx via the roof of the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010427 ciliary processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The ciliary processes are formed by the inward folding of the various layers of the choroid, i.e. , the choroid proper and the lamina basalis, and are received between corresponding foldings of the suspensory ligament of the lens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010428 flat bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A bone that is shaped as a broad flat plate and composed of two thin layers of compact tissue enclosing between them a variable quantity of cancellous tissue, which is the location of red bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010498 pseudostratified columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000485 simple columnar epithelium A simple columnar epithelium that looks stratified but is not, because its cells are arranged with their nuclei at different levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010499 pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010498 pseudostratified columnar epithelium Epithelium composed of a single layer of cells, appearing as layered because the column-shaped cells vary in height so the nuclei are at different levels. The basal portions of all the cells are in contact with the basement membrane. It lines the respiratory system and the male reproductive tract. The cilia in the respiratory tract are motile, while the stereocilia in the male reproductive tract are immobile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010509 strand of pelage hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair that is part of a coat of hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010510 strand of auchene hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010509 strand of pelage hair A truncal hair that has a single constriction and bend about midway along the hair shaft, and contains two or more air cells in the medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010511 strand of awl hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010509 strand of pelage hair A truncal hairs that is straight, but shorter than a guard hair, and contain two or more air cells in the medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010512 strand of guard hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010509 strand of pelage hair A long, straight truncal hair that contains two air cells in the medulla[MP]. A strand of hair from the top layer consisting of longer, often coarser, straight shafts of hair that stick out through the underfur. This is usually the visible layer for most mammals and contains most of the pigmentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010513 strand of zigzag hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016447 hair of trunk A truncal hair that has two or more sharp bends with diameter constrictions at the bends, and contain one air cell in the medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010514 strand of duvet hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair from the fine underhair of the coat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010521 electroreceptor organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ An organ that is capable of detecting electrical stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010522 replacement element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Skeletal element that forms as a replacement or substitution of another element or tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010523 microcirculatory vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 vessel A vessel of the microcirculature, lying between the arterioles and venules; includes capillaries (blood and lymphatic), metarterioles and arteriovenous anastomoses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010527 cavity of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002558 organ cavity An organ cavity that surrounded_by a bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010532 primitive nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006555 excretory tube An epithelial tube that is fated to become a nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010533 metanephros cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The metanephric cortex is the outer region of the metanephros[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010534 primitive mesonephric nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010532 primitive nephron Anatomical cluster which give rise to mature mesonephric nephrons. Zebrafish continously generate new mesonephric nephrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010535 primitive metanephric nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010532 primitive nephron A primitive nephron that is part of a metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010537 mesonephric nephron progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010536 nephron progenitor Cluster of cells comprising a portion of tissue which gives rise to new mesonephric nephrons. The cluster contains self-renewing stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010538 paired limb/fin segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010758 subdivision of organism along appendicular axis An appendage segment that is part of a limb/fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010540 tarsus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015050 tarsus endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a tarsal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010541 tarsus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015050 tarsus endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a tarsal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010543 acropodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the autopodium - i.e. the bones of the digits or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010544 metacarpus skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the manus skeleton that is located between the phalanges (bones of the fingers) distally and the carpus which forms the connection to the forearm. The metacarpus consists of metacarpal bones. The metacarpals form a transverse arch to which the rigid row of distal carpal bones are fixed. The peripheral metacarpals (those of the thumb and little finger) form the sides of the cup of the palmar gutter and as they are brought together they deepen this concavity. The index metacarpal is the most firmly fixed, while the thumb metacarpal articulates with the trapezium and acts independently from the others. The middle metacarpals are tightly united to the carpus by intrinsic interlocking bone elements at their bases. The ring metacarpal forms a transitional element of the semi-independent last metacarpal. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010545 metatarsus skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element Limb segment that consists of the long bones of the pes. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpal bones of the manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010546 metapodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision Subdivision of skeleton that corresponds to metapodium region, between acropodial skeleton and mesopdoial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010547 pedal digit 1 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015037 pedal digit 1 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010548 pedal digit 2 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015038 pedal digit 2 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010549 pedal digit 3 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015039 pedal digit 3 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010550 pedal digit 4 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015040 pedal digit 4 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010551 pedal digit 5 metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015041 pedal digit 5 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010557 pedal digit 1 metatarsal cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015037 pedal digit 1 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010558 pedal digit 2 metatarsal cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015038 pedal digit 2 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010559 pedal digit 3 metatarsal cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015039 pedal digit 3 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010560 pedal digit 4 metatarsal cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015040 pedal digit 4 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010561 pedal digit 5 metatarsal cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015041 pedal digit 5 metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010562 pedal digit 1 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005255 pedal digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010564 manual digit 1 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005257 manual digit mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing manual digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010565 manual digit 1 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015043 manual digit 1 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010566 manual digit 2 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015044 manual digit 2 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010567 manual digit 3 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015045 manual digit 3 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010568 manual digit 4 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015046 manual digit 4 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010569 manual digit 5 metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015047 manual digit 5 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010570 manual digit 1 metacarpus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015043 manual digit 1 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010571 manual digit 2 metacarpus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015044 manual digit 2 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010572 manual digit 3 metacarpus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015045 manual digit 3 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010573 manual digit 4 metacarpus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015046 manual digit 4 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010574 manual digit 5 metacarpus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015047 manual digit 5 metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010575 manual digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015025 manual digit 1 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010576 manual digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015026 manual digit 2 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010577 manual digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015027 manual digit 3 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010578 manual digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015028 manual digit 4 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010579 manual digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015029 manual digit 5 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010580 pedal digit 1 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015031 pedal digit 1 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010581 pedal digit 2 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015032 pedal digit 2 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010582 pedal digit 3 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015033 pedal digit 3 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010583 pedal digit 4 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015034 pedal digit 4 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010584 pedal digit 5 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015035 pedal digit 5 phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010585 pedal digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010586 manual digit phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010675 manual digit 1 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015025 manual digit 1 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010676 manual digit 2 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015026 manual digit 2 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010677 manual digit 3 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015027 manual digit 3 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010678 manual digit 4 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015028 manual digit 4 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010679 manual digit 5 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015029 manual digit 5 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a manual digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010680 pedal digit 1 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015031 pedal digit 1 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 1 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010681 pedal digit 2 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015032 pedal digit 2 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 2 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010682 pedal digit 3 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015033 pedal digit 3 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 3 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010683 pedal digit 4 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015034 pedal digit 4 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 4 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010684 pedal digit 5 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015035 pedal digit 5 phalanx endochondral element A cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit 5 mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010685 pedal digit phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035129 pes cartilage element A cartilage element that is part of a pedal digit mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010686 manual digit phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035128 manus cartilage element A cartilage element that is part of a manual digit mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010688 skeleton of manual acropodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010543 acropodial skeleton The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the manual autopodium - i.e. the bones of the hands or their cartilaginous precursors[VSAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010690 manual digit 1 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005227 manual digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010693 pedal digit 1 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005226 pedal digit epithelium An epithelium that is part of a pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010695 mesenchyme of tarsal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003860 hindlimb mesenchyme Mesenchyme of the carpal region that contributes to the tarsal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010696 skeleton of pedal acropodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010543 acropodial skeleton The subdivision of the skeleton that consists of all the skeletal elements at the distalmost end of the pedal autopodium - i.e. the bones of the foot or their cartilaginous precursors[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010702 digit mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009749 limb mesenchyme Mesenchyme of the digit region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010703 forelimb zeugopod skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011584 zeugopodial skeleton The collection of all skeletal elements in an forelimb zeugopod region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010707 appendage girdle complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure An organism subdivision that includes both an appendage and its associated girdle region. Note that this includes both the skeletal elements and associated tissues (integument, muscle, etc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010708 pectoral complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010707 appendage girdle complex Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pectoral appendicular skeleton and the pectoral girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010709 pelvic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010707 appendage girdle complex Appendage girdle complex that when present, encompasses the pelvic appendicular skeleton and the pelvic girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Skeletal subdivision that is a segment of the limb skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010714 iliac cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015054 iliac endochondral element An iliac endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010718 pubic cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015055 pubic endochondral element A pubic endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010719 girdle skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton The subdivision of the skeleton of either the pectoral or pelvic girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010720 hindlimb zeugopod skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011584 zeugopodial skeleton Subdivision of skeleton consisting of all skeletal elements in an hindlimb zeugopod region. Typically consists of the tibia and the fibula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010721 distal tarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018102 distal mesopodial bone There are three cuneiform bones in the human foot: the medial cuneiform the intermediate cuneiform also known as the middle the lateral cuneiform. They are located between the navicular bone and the first, second and third metatarsal bones and are medial to the cuboid bone[WP, unvetted, human specific]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010728 sphenoid lesser wing pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015059 orbitosphenoid endochondral element An orbitosphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010732 alisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015058 alisphenoid endochondral element An alisphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010733 alisphenoid cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015058 alisphenoid endochondral element An alisphenoid endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010740 bone of appendage girdle complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element A bone that is part of an appendage girdle complex (i.e. any bone in a limb, fin or girdle). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010741 bone of pectoral complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010740 bone of appendage girdle complex A bone that is part of a pectoral complex. Examples: scapula, manus phalanx, any carpal bone, any bone of the pectoral fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010742 bone of pelvic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010740 bone of appendage girdle complex A bone that is part of a pelvic complex. Examples: pubis, ischium, fot phalanx, any tarsal bone, any bone of the pelvic fin or girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010744 sacral vertebra pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015010 sacral vertebra endochondral element A sacral vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010745 sacral vertebra cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage A sacral vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010746 iliac blade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The extension of the ilium above the level of the acetabulum. Attachment site for both hindlimb and caudal musculature. Medially is the site of attachment of the sacral ribs, where these exist[PHENOSCAPE:ad]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010747 body of ilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The body of ilium enters into the formation of the acetabulum, of which it forms rather less than two-fifths. Its external surface is partly articular, partly non-articular; the articular segment forms part of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, the non-articular portion contributes to the acetabular fossa. The internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the Obturator internus. Below, it is continuous with the pelvic surfaces of the ischium and pubis, only a faint line indicating the place of union. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010748 lymph node follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000444 lymphoid follicle A lymphoid follicle that is part of a lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010752 exoccipital cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015051 exoccipital endochondral element An exoccipital endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010753 lymph node secondary follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010748 lymph node follicle A secondary follicle that is located in a lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010754 germinal center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001744 lymphoid tissue A collection of activated B cells at the center of a secondary follicle, formed after B cells become activated and migrate to the center. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010755 secondary follicle corona http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001744 lymphoid tissue The part of the secondary follicle that surrounds the germinal center. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010756 spleen follicular dendritic cell network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The enmeshed group of antigen presenting cells with extensive dendritic processes in the spleen B cell follicle that present antigen to B cells during an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010758 subdivision of organism along appendicular axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along an axis perpedicular to the main body anterior-posterior axis. In vertebrates, this is typically a fin or limb segment. In insects, this includes segments of appendages such as antennae, as well as segments of the insect leg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010801 calcaneum pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015014 calcaneum endochondral element A calcaneum endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010842 calcaneum cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035129 pes cartilage element A calcaneum endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010843 clavicle cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005863 cartilaginous condensation A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a clavicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010844 clavicle pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005866 pre-cartilage condensation A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a clavicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010846 radius pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015001 radius endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a radius bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010847 ulna pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015003 ulna endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a ulna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010848 radius-ulna cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015002 radius-ulna endochondral element A radius-ulna endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010849 tibia cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015004 tibia endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010850 tibia pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015004 tibia endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010851 fibula cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015013 fibula endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a fibula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010852 fibula pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015013 fibula endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a fibula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010854 skin of front of neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012180 head or neck skin A skin of neck that is part of a throat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010879 tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001091 calcareous tooth A calcareous tooth that is elongated and protrudes from the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010881 limb cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015061 limb endochondral element A skeletal element that is part of a limb and composed of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010882 limb bone pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015061 limb endochondral element A skeletal element that is part of a limb and composed of pre-cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010883 forelimb cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a forelimb bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010884 forelimb bone pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a forelimb bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010885 hindlimb cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015022 hindlimb endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a hindlimb bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010886 hindlimb pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015022 hindlimb endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a hindlimb bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010890 pelvic complex muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate Muscles of the pelvic girdle, hindlimb or pelvic fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010891 pectoral complex muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate A muscle of a pectoral girdle, pectoral fin or anterior limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010893 median external naris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005928 external naris Am unpaired external naris that lies in the midline of the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010899 synchronous hermaphroditic organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007197 hermaphroditic organism Hermaphroditic organism that produces both male and female gametes at the same time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010905 clavicle bone primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium A primordium that develops into a clavicle bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010911 ossicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Skeletal element that is often isolated, small, and variable in composition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision Anatomical cluster consisting of the skeletal elements (i.e. bone elements, cartilage elements, cartilage condensations) that are part of an individual subdivision of the organism. Excludes joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010933 orbicularis oris muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001577 facial muscle The orbicularis oris is a superficial facial muscle with fibers that encircle the opening of the oral cavity that attaches to the maxilla, mandible, skin and modiolus, and that participates in oral/pharyngeal behaviors, and is innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010948 cleidooccipital muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate A muscle organ that attaches_to a clavicle and attaches_to a occipital bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010949 sternooccipital muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003897 axial muscle A muscle organ that has_muscle_insertion a occipital bone and has_muscle_origin a sternum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010959 craniocervical muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate Any muscle organ that is part of either the head or the neck. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011004 pharyngeal arch cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003933 cranial cartilage A cartilage element that is part of a splanchnocranium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011005 endocardium of auricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002166 endocardium of atrium An endocardium that is part of a atrium auricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011006 endocardium of left auricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034903 left atrium endocardium An endocardium that is part of a left atrium auricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011007 endocardium of right auricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011005 endocardium of auricle An endocardium that is part of a right atrium auricular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011024 extrinsic extensor muscle of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004254 forelimb zeugopod muscle The extrinsic extensor muscles of the hand are located in the back of the forearm and have long tendons connecting them to bones in the hand, where they exert their action. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011050 thoracic vertebra 8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002347 thoracic vertebra The eighth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011060 perilymphatic channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A channel containing perilymph passing through the temporal bone, connecting the scala tympani of the cochlea to the subarachnoid space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011078 endolymphatic space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity Endolymph-filled space contained by the membranous labyrinth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011085 palatoquadrate arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton The dorsal portion of the first pharyngeal arch, comprising the upper jaw[ZFIN,VHOG]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011088 ligament of knee joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament A ligament that is part of a knee joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011090 skeleton of right pelvic girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007832 pelvic girdle skeleton A skeleton of pelvic girdle that is part of a right pelvic girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011091 skeleton of left pelvic girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007832 pelvic girdle skeleton A skeleton of pelvic girdle that is part of a left pelvic girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011092 right pelvic girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001271 pelvic girdle region A pelvic girdle region that is in the right side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011093 left pelvic girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001271 pelvic girdle region A pelvic girdle region that is in the left side of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011094 vertebra cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element The cartilaginous form of a vertebral element, a skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011095 vertebra pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element The pre-cartilaginous form of a vertebral element, a skeletal element that forms around the notochord and is part of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011096 lacrimal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The lacrimal nerve is the smallest of the three branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011104 epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011107 synovial joint of pelvic girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008114 joint of girdle A synovial joint that is part of a pelvic girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011108 synovial joint of pectoral girdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008114 joint of girdle A synovial joint that is part of a pectoral girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011110 humeroulnar joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint The humeroulnar joint, is part of the elbow-joint or the Olecron Joint, between the ulna and humerus bones is the simple hinge-joint, which allows for movements of flexion, extension and circumduction. The Humero-Ulnar Joint is the junction of trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus. Owing to the obliquity of the trochlea of the humerus, this movement does not take place in the antero-posterior plane of the body of the humerus. When the forearm is extended and supinated, the axis of the arm and forearm are not in the same line; the arm forms an obtuse angle with the forearm. During flexion, however, the forearm and the hand tend to approach the middle line of the body, and thus enable the hand to be easily carried to the face. The accurate adaptation of the trochlea of the humerus, with its prominences and depressions, to the semilunar notch of the ulna, prevents any lateral movement. Flexion is produced by the action of the Biceps brachii and Brachialis, assisted by the Brachioradialis, with a tiny contribution from the muscles arising from the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Extension is produced by the Triceps brachii and AnconC&us, with a tiny contribution from the muscles arising from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, such as the Extensor digitorum communis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011111 humeroradial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003839 forelimb joint A hinge joint between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011112 tibiofibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003840 hindlimb joint A joint that connects the tibia and the fibula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011118 tarsometatarsal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint The tarsometatarsal articulations are arthrodial joints in the pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011119 carpometacarpal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint The carpometacarpal joints (CMC) are joints in the wrist that articulates the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the metacarpal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011120 laryngeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint A skeletal joint that connects a laryngeal cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011121 cricothyroid joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011120 laryngeal joint The cricoarytenoid articulation (or joint) is a joint connecting the cricoid cartilage and the thyroid cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011122 cricoarytenoid joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011120 laryngeal joint The cricoarytenoid articulation (or joint) is a joint connecting the cricoid cartilage and the arytenoid cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011124 xiphisternal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002216 symphysis The xiphisternal joint (or xiphisternal synchondrosis) is a location near the bottom of the sternum, where the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011131 intermetacarpal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint A skeletal joint that connects two adjacent metacarpals[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011132 intercarpal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint A skeletal joint that connects two carpal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011133 intermetatarsal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint A joint that connects two adjacent metatarsals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011134 nonsynovial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments or fibrocartilage without an intervening synovial cavity. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, costochondral joint, pubic symphysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011135 intervertebral cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element A cartilage element that lies between two successive vertebral centra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011136 ligament of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament Ligament that joins successive centra. Important in controlling the stiffness of the vertebral column when it flexes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011137 axial skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the axial skeleton plus associated joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011138 postcranial axial skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the postcranial axial skeleton plus associated joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003657 limb joint Any synovial joint that is part of a (free) limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011141 appendicular ossicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010911 ossicle Ossicle that is part of the appendicular skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011142 axial ossicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010911 ossicle Ossicle that is part of the axial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011143 upper urinary tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Subdivision of urinary system which consists of the kidney and the ureters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011148 submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000414 mucous gland Gland of the lamina epithelialis mucosae which perforate the lamina muscularis, with their adenomeres located in the submucosal connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011154 gular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003102 surface structure Surface structure that extends from the chin covering pharynx and larynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011156 facial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011158 primary subdivision of skull Subdivision of skull that consists of the facial bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011158 primary subdivision of skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system The skull can be divided into two: the neurocranium and the facial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011160 nasal suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009199 facial suture A suture joining a nasal bone to another bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011161 spheno-occipital synchondrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001725 cranial synchondrosis The cartilaginous junction between the basisphenoid and basioccipital bones of the mammalian skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011162 supraoccipital cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015015 supraoccipital endochondral element A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a supraoccipital bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011163 supraoccipital pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015015 supraoccipital endochondral element A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a supraoccipital bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011164 neurocranium bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004766 cranial bone A bone that is part of a neurocranium [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011171 joint connecting upper and lower jaws http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint Synovial joint that articulates bones of upper and lower jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011183 corpus spongiosum of penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009010 periurethral tissue Corpus spongiosum (also known as corpus cavernosum urethrae in older texts) is the mass of spongy tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011184 epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001277 intestinal epithelium An epithelium that is part of a crypt of Lieberkuhn. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011185 gastrointestinal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A sphincter muscle that is part of the gastrointestinal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011189 lamina propria of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004780 gastrointestinal system lamina propria A lamina propria that is part of a large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011191 ophthalmic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009141 craniocervical region vein Ophthalmic veins are veins which drain the eye. More specifically, they can refer to: Superior ophthalmic vein Inferior ophthalmic vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011192 superior ophthalmic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011191 ophthalmic vein The superior ophthalmic vein begins at the inner angle of the orbit in a vein named the nasofrontal which communicates anteriorly with the angular vein; it pursues the same course as the ophthalmic artery, and receives tributaries corresponding to the branches of that vessel. Forming a short single trunk, it passes between the two heads of the Rectus lateralis and through the medial part of the superior orbital fissure, and ends in the cavernous sinus. The ethmoidal veins drain into the superior ophthalmic vein. Vorticose veins also drain into the superior ophthalmic vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011197 parathyroid epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006799 glandular epithelium An epithelium that is part of a parathyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011198 muscle layer of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012367 muscle layer of intestine A muscle layer that is part of a large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011200 sacrococcygeal symphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001468 intervertebral joint The sacrococcygeal symphysis (sacrococcygeal articulation, articulation of the sacrum and coccyx) is an amphiarthrodial joint, formed between the oval surface at the apex of the sacrum, and the base of the coccyx. It is a slightly moveable joint which is frequently, partially or completely, obliterated in old age, homologous with the joints between the bodies of the vertebrae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011201 muscle layer of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012367 muscle layer of intestine A muscle layer that is part of a small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011202 urachus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a urachus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011203 urachus mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue Mesenchyme that is part of a developing urachus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011213 root of vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002211 nerve root A root of cranial nerve that is part of a vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011214 nucleus of midbrain tectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009661 midbrain nucleus A neural nucleus that is part of a midbrain tectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure A multi cell part structure that is part of a central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A subdivision of an anatomical system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011233 synovial membrane of synovial tendon sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007616 layer of synovial tissue Synovial sac which surrounds parts of one or more tendons. Examples: synovial tendon sheath of manual digit 2, radial bursa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011241 ethmoid region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The most anterior region of the braincase. Provides structural support for peripheral olfactory organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011245 infra-orbital canal of maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull A canal through the maxilla that is connects the infra-orbital groove and foramen and is the conduit for the passage of the infraorbital nerve and artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011249 appendicular skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system Subdivision of the skeletal system which consists of the appendicular skeleton plus associated joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011250 autopod bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element A bone that is part of a autopod region. Note that this incudes the carpal and tarsal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011252 scent gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002365 exocrine gland Scent glands are exocrine glands found in most mammals. They produce semi-viscous secretions which contain pheromones and other semiochemical compounds. These odor-messengers indicate information such as status, territory marking, mood, and sexual power. The odor may be subliminal-not consciously detectable. Though it is not their primary function, the salivary glands may also function as scent glands in some animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011265 carpometacarpal joint of digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011119 carpometacarpal joint A carpometacarpal joint that connects to metacarpal 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011270 dorsal trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009569 subdivision of trunk The part of the trunk that is in the dorsum[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011273 nail of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009565 nail of manual digit A nail that is part of a manual digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011274 nail of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009565 nail of manual digit A nail that is part of a manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011275 nail of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009565 nail of manual digit A nail that is part of a manual digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011276 nail of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009565 nail of manual digit A nail that is part of a manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011277 nail of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009565 nail of manual digit A nail that is part of a manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011278 nail of pedal digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009567 nail of pedal digit A nail that is part of a pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011279 nail of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009567 nail of pedal digit A nail that is part of a pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011280 nail of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009567 nail of pedal digit A nail that is part of a pedal digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011281 nail of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009567 nail of pedal digit A nail that is part of a pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011282 nail of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009567 nail of pedal digit A nail that is part of a pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011289 pharyngobasilar fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006614 aponeurosis The pharyngeal aponeurosis (or pharyngobasilar fascia, or fibrous coat), is situated between the mucous and muscular layers. It is thick above where the muscular fibers are wanting, and is firmly connected to the basilar portion of the occipital and the petrous portions of the temporal bones. As it descends it diminishes in thickness, and is gradually lost. It is strengthened posteriorly by a strong fibrous band, which is attached above to the pharyngeal spine on the under surface of the basilar portion of the occipital bone, and passes downward, forming a median raphe, which gives attachment to the Constrictores pharyngis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011298 submucosa of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The submucous layer of the wall of the uterine tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011299 white matter of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019261 white matter of forebrain A partion of white matter that is part of a telencephalon. This can be further subdivided in some species, for example, into hemisphere white matter and the corpus callosum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019264 gray matter of forebrain A portion of gray matter that is part of a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011305 superficial part of temporalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ The superficial temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that attaches to the temporalis fascia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011306 deep part of temporalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ The deep temporalis muscle is a separable part of the temporalis muscle that that attaches to the bony wall of the braincase and is deep to the superficial temporalis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011318 capsule of temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element The articular capsule (capsular ligament) is a thin, loose envelope, attached above to the circumference of the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle immediately in front; below, to the neck of the condyle of the mandible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011319 disk of temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element The fibrocartilaginous plate that separates the joint into upper and lower cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011321 masseteric nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A muscular branch of the mandibular nerve passing to the medial surface of the masseter muscle, which it innervates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011342 surface of mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region An anatomical surface that is part of a mandible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011357 Reissner's fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An acellular strand that runs from subcommissural organ caudally through the ventricular system and central canal to the ampulla caudalis. Develops from glycoproteins secreted into CSF. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011362 cranial blood vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004537 blood vasculature A blood vasculature that is part of a head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011363 cranial lymph vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004536 lymph vasculature A lymph vasculature that is part of a head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011369 omotransversarius muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate The omotransversarius is a straplike muscle, which advances and adducts the forelimb, as well as flexes the neck laterally. It covers the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae, lying to their side. The omotransversarius lies ventral to the trapezius, cranial to the deltoid muscle and is covered cranially by the cleidocervicalis. It extends from the atlas to the spine of the scapula, with its origin on the transverse process of the atlas and its insertion in the distal end of the spine of the scapula. Its name can be split into omo, which is Greek for shoulder, and tranversarius which relates to its attachment to the transverse process of the atlas. This muscle is innervated by the accessory nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011370 transverse process of atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A transverse process of vertebra that is part of a vertebral bone 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011375 skin of prepuce of clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005298 skin of clitoris A zone of skin that is part of a prepuce of clitoris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011379 male external urethral sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The external sphincter muscle of urethra (or sphincter urethrae membranaceae) surrounds the whole length of the membranous portion of the urethra, and is enclosed in the fasciæ of the urogenital diaphragm. They arch across the front of the urethra and bulbourethral glands, pass around the urethra, and behind it unite with the muscle of the opposite side, by means of a tendinous raphé. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011380 female external urethral sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The external sphincter muscle of female urethra is a muscle which controls urination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011386 facial modiolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue A chiasma of facial muscles held together by fibrous tissue, located lateral and slightly superior to each angle of the mouth. It is important in moving the mouth, facial expression and in dentistry. It derives its motor nerve supply from the facial nerve, and its blood supply from labial branches of the facial artery. It is contributed to by the following muscles: orbicularis oris, buccinator, levator anguli oris, depressor anguli oris, zygomaticus major, risorius quadratus labii superioris, quadratus labii inferioris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011390 pudendal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003444 pelvis nerve The pudendal nerve is a somatic nerve in the pelvic region that innervates the external genitalia of both sexes, as well as sphincters for the bladder and the rectum. It originates in Onuf's nucleus in the sacral region of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011391 perineal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003444 pelvis nerve A nerve arising from the pudendal nerve that supplies the perineum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011566 lumen of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that is part of a esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011574 mesonephric duct lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005082 tube lumen A tube lumen that is part of a mesonephric duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011575 styloid process of ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection The styloid process of the ulna projects from the medial and back part of the bone; it descends a little lower than the head, and its rounded end affords attachment to the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011582 paired limb/fin skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton The collection of all skeletal elements in an individual limb or fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011583 stylopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision Proximal element of a free limb skeleton consisting of the femur and humerus in the forelimb stylopodium and hindlimb stylopodium respectively[VSAO, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011584 zeugopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision Section of the forelimb skeleton located between the stylopodium and the autopodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011585 cell condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is an aggregation of similar cells from which cartilages and bones form, and from which chondrogenesis and osteogenesis are initiated during repair and/or regeneration. (Hall and Miyake 1995). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011587 pre-dentine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010365 odontoid tissue Odontogenic tissue that is collagen-rich and characteristic of vertebrate teeth and tooth-like structures (e.g., odontodes) deposited by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts that are typically excluded from the matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011588 pre-enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010365 odontoid tissue Odontogenic tissue that is avascular non-mineralized matrix that is deposited by preameloblast and ameloblasts that are excluded from the matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011589 non-mineralized cartilage tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002418 cartilage tissue Cartilage tissue that is not mineralized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011590 commissure of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011591 tract of diencephalon A commissure that is part of a diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011591 tract of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain An axon tract that is part of a diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011593 maxillary tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003267 tooth of upper jaw A tooth that is attached to a maxilla[TAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011594 dentary tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003268 tooth of lower jaw Tooth that is attached to a dentary/mandible[TAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011595 jaw region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest A subdivision of the head that corresponds to the jaw skeleton, containing both soft tissue, skeleton and teeth (when present). The jaw region is divided into upper and lower regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011597 bone of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012360 bone of jaw Any bone that is part of the upper jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the maxilla, the quadrate (in some species). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011601 gingiva of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001828 gingiva A gingiva that is part of a upper jaw region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011602 gingiva of lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001828 gingiva A gingiva that is part of a lower jaw region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011606 hyomandibular bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011608 hyomandibular element Replacement bone that is bilaterally paired and (in teleosts) articulates with the neurocranium dorsally and the opercle posteriorly[TAO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011607 hyomandibular cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011608 hyomandibular element Cartilage form of the hyomandibular element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011608 hyomandibular element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element The upper paired deep bone or cartilage of the hyoid region, sometimes taking part in jaw suspension and which supports the opercle. Dorsally it articulates with the otic capsule at the hyomandibular fossa, ventrally with the quadrate and symplectic. In most Teleostei it has a foramen for the hyomandibular branch of the facial nerve (VII). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011624 superior horn of thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011623 horn of thyroid cartilage The superior horn of thyroid cartilage is long and narrow, directed upward, backward, and medialward, and ends in a conical extremity, which gives attachment to the lateral hyothyroid ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011625 inferior horn of thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011623 horn of thyroid cartilage The inferior horn of thyroid cartilage is short and thick; it is directed downward, with a slight inclination forward and medialward, and presents, on the medial side of its tip, a small oval articular facet for articulation with the side of the cricoid cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011627 orbital part of frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A zone of the frontal bone that consists of two thin triangular plates, the orbital plates, which form the vaults of the orbits, and are separated from one another by a median gap, the ethmoidal notch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011641 odontogenic mesenchyme of molar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003856 uncondensed odontogenic mesenchyme An odontogenic papilla that is part of a molar tooth [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011642 oral epithelium from ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a oral epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011645 iliofemoralis muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001325 muscle of pelvis Limb extensor that runs from ilium to femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A major subdivision of an organism that divides an organism along its main body axis (typically anterio-posterior axis). In vertebrates, this is based on the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011677 trunk vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004451 trunk or cervical vertebra A vertebra in the trunk region. For tetrapods, includes lumbar and thoracic vertebrae. Excludes caudal/coccygeal vertebra, which are located posteriorly. In tetrapods this includes thoracic, lumbar and sacral vertebrae, and excludes the cervical vertebrae, which are located anteriorly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011678 hindlimb intermedium bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011679 proximal tarsal bone A proximal tarsal bone that articulates with the fibula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011679 proximal tarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015081 proximal tarsal endochondral element A tarsal bone that connected_to a hindlimb zeugopod skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011695 embryonic cardiovascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004535 cardiovascular system A cardiovascular system that is part of a conceptus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011742 aortic valve leaflet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011741 cardiac valve leaflet A cardiac valve leaflet that is part of a aortic valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011745 pulmonary valve leaflets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011741 cardiac valve leaflet A cardiac valve leaflet that is part of a pulmonary valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011754 genital swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Paired structures in the embryo that represent the final stage of development of the caudal end of the external genitals before sexual differentiation. In both males and females the two swellings merge: in the female, they become the posterior labial commissure; In the male, they become the scrotum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011755 female labial swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011754 genital swelling A genital swelling that is part of a female reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011756 male genital swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011754 genital swelling A genital swelling that is part of a male reproductive organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011765 jugular lymph sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034953 embryonic lymph sac An embryonic lymph sac that forms at the junction of the future internal jugular/anterior cardinals and subclavian veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011769 cartilaginous projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004529 anatomical projection Anatomical projection that is composed of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011772 lower jaw opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is part of a bone of lower jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011773 upper jaw opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is part of a bone of upper jaw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011774 utriculosaccular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A duct connecting the the utricle to the saccule in the membranous labyrinth of the ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011775 vagus nerve nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus A cranial nerve nucleus that is associated with a vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011777 nucleus of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000125 neural nucleus A neural nucleus that is part of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve A nerve that is part of a head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005085 ectodermal placode Ectodermal placode that does not develop into a component of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011817 skin appendage placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011814 non-neurogenic ectodermal placode An ectodermal placode that gives rise to any of the cutaneous appendages that protrude from the skin epidermis (heair, feathers, epidermal scales). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011819 lumen of atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005082 tube lumen A tube lumen that is part of a atrioventricular canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011820 atrioventricular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction An anatomical junction that divides and overlaps with and atrium and a ventricle in the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011821 irregular connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue Connective tissue, which consists of a population of connective tissue cells, the intercellular matrix of which contains an irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, mucoid tissue, connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011822 dense irregular connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011823 dense connective tissue Irregular connective tissue is an irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a dense irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011823 dense connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 connective tissue Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011825 loose connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011821 irregular connective tissue Irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a sparse irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, neuroglial tissue, mucoid tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011827 areolar gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001821 sebaceous gland A sebaceous glands in the areola surrounding the nipple. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011831 duct of vestibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A duct that is part of a vestibular gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011845 duct of sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A duct that is part of a sebaceous gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011846 acinus of sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland An acinus that is part of a sebaceous gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011847 acinus of parotid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013232 serous acinus An acinus that is part of a parotid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011850 acinus of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland An acinus that is part of a salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011854 acinus of areolar gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011856 acinus of lactiferous gland An acinus that is part of a areolar gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011856 acinus of lactiferous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland An acinus that is part of a mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011857 acinus of lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland An acinus that is part of a lacrimal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009842 glandular acinus An acinus that is part of a exocrine gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011859 internal acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The internal auditory meatus (also internal acoustic meatus, internal auditory canal, and internal acoustic canal) is a canal in the petrous bone of the temporal bone of the skull that carries nerves from inside the cranium towards the middle and inner ear compartments namely cranial nerve VII and cranial nerve VIII. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011861 aorta collagen fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011860 collection of collagen fibrils The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of aorta tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011862 pulmonary collagen fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011860 collection of collagen fibrils The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011863 bone collagen fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011860 collection of collagen fibrils The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011864 tendon collagen fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011860 collection of collagen fibrils The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of tendon tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011865 corneal stroma collagen fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011860 collection of collagen fibrils The connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of corneal stroma that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011869 pisiform joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011132 intercarpal joint It is a joint between the pisiform and triquetrum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011871 nasomaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003685 cranial suture A cranial suture that connects a nasal bone and connects a maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011875 ligament of sternoclavicular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament A skeletal ligament that is part of a sternoclavicular joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011877 margin of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line The lateral border that separates the dorsum from the inferior surface of the tongue on each side, the two borders meeting anteriorly at the apex.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011878 muscle layer of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018261 muscular coat of digestive tract A muscle layer that is part of a wall of esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011892 anterior uvea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Front (ventral) portion of the vascular, pigmentary, or middle coat of the eye, including the ciliary body and the iris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011893 endoneurial fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007794 secretion of serous gland Fluid of the ganglia and peripheral nerves that lie outside the brain and spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011894 lumen of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002558 organ cavity An organ cavity that is part of a vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011895 endomysium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006804 reticular tissue A layer of connective tissue that ensheaths a muscle fiber and is composed mostly from reticular fibers. It also contains capillaries, nerves and lymphatics. The term cardiac skeleton is sometimes considered synonymous with endomysium, but sometimes it refers to the combination of the endomysium and perimysium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011896 smooth muscle endomysium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011895 endomysium Reticular tissue which surrounds a smooth muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011897 cardiac endomysium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011895 endomysium Reticular tissue which surrounds a cardiac myocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011898 skeletal muscle endomysium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011895 endomysium Reticular tissue which surrounds a skeletal muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011899 epimysium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011822 dense irregular connective tissue Epimysium is a layer of connective tissue which ensheaths the entire muscle. It is composed of dense irregular connective tissue. It is continuous with fascia and other connective tissue wrappings of muscle including the endomysium, and perimysium. It is also continuous with tendons where it becomes thicker and collagenous. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011915 cerebellar glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001047 neural glomerulus An intertwined cluster of nerve fibers surrounded by glia where mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011917 thalamic glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001047 neural glomerulus Synaptic structure found in thalamic relay nuclei consising of a complex of afferent terminals, relay cell dendrites, interneuron dendrites and other processes. These complexes are surrounded by astrocytic processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011918 line of Schwalbe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line The thickened peripheral margin of the vitreous membrane of the cornea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011919 yolk sac blood island http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003061 blood island Masses of developing blood cells attached to endothelium in the yolk sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011922 cochlear basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005769 basement membrane of epithelium The the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011924 postganglionic autonomic fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003041 trigeminal nerve fibers Nerve fibers which project from cell bodies of autonomic ganglia to synapses on target organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011925 preganglionic autonomic fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003041 trigeminal nerve fibers Nerve fibers which project from the central nervous system to autonomic ganglia. In the sympathetic division most preganglionic fibers originate with neurons in the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord, exit via ventral roots from upper thoracic through lower lumbar segments, and project to the paravertebral ganglia; there they either terminate in synapses or continue through the splanchnic nerves to the prevertebral ganglia. In the parasympathetic division the fibers originate in neurons of the brain stem and sacral spinal cord. In both divisions the principal transmitter is acetylcholine but peptide cotransmitters may also be released. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011926 postganglionic sympathetic fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011924 postganglionic autonomic fiber A noradrenergic or adrenergic axonal fiber projecting from a sympathetic ganglion to an effector organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011927 preganglionic sympathetic fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011925 preganglionic autonomic fiber A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a sympathetic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011929 postganglionic parasympathetic fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011924 postganglionic autonomic fiber A cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from a parasympathetic ganglion to an effector organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011930 preganglionic parasympathetic fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011925 preganglionic autonomic fiber A cholinergic axonal fibers projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011931 nasal hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010171 strand of hair of face Hair in the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011932 pilosebaceous unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit An epidermal invagination that has as parts a hair follicle, a sebaceous gland, and arrector pili muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011933 vibrissa unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011932 pilosebaceous unit A pilosebaceous unit that contains a strand of vibrissa hair (a specialized tactile hair) with the follicle incorporating a blood sinus, heavily innervated by sensory nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011936 vibrissa hair bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005932 bulb of hair follicle A bulb of hair follicle that is part of a vibrissa unit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011937 vibrissa root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005933 hair root sheath A hair root sheath that is part of a vibrissa unit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011938 vibrissa inner root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011937 vibrissa root sheath A hair inner root sheath that is part of a vibrissa unit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011939 vibrissa outer root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011937 vibrissa root sheath A hair outer root sheath that is part of a vibrissa unit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011940 arrector pili muscle of vibrissa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An arrector muscle of hair that is part of a vibrissa hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011947 ureter luminal urothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011945 luminal layer of epithelium A luminal layer of epithelium that is part of a ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011949 endometrium luminal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011945 luminal layer of epithelium A luminal layer of epithelium that is part of a endometrium epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011950 mammary gland luminal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011945 luminal layer of epithelium The inner cell layer of the mammary epithelium bilayer that lines the luminal surface of mammary gland ducts and alveoli; luminal cells have only limited contact with the underlying basement membrane and surrounding connective tissue; they are secretory epithelial cells characterized by the expression of the receptors for systemic hormones, i.e. estrogens, progesterone and prolactin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011951 prostate luminal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011945 luminal layer of epithelium A luminal layer of epithelium that is part of a prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011953 stomach glandular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach A region of the stomach that is lined with glandular epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011954 stomach non-glandular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009870 zone of stomach A region of the stomach is lined with non-glandular epithelium. Examples of a stomach non-glandular region are found in rodents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011955 left hepatic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001143 hepatic vein A hepatic vein that is part of a left lobe of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011956 right hepatic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001143 hepatic vein A hepatic vein that is part of a right lobe of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011958 acetabular labrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element A ring of cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum[WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011960 articular capsule of glenohumeral joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001484 articular capsule An articular capsule that is part of the glenohumeral joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011961 articular capsule of hip joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005179 pelvic region element An articular capsule that is part of the hip joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011962 transverse tarsal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint The transverse tarsal joint is formed by the articulation of the calcaneus with the cuboid, and the articulation of the talus with the navicular. The movement which takes place in this joint is more extensive than that in the other tarsal joints, and consists of a sort of rotation by means of which the foot may be slightly flexed or extended, the sole being at the same time carried medially (inverted) or laterally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011963 talocalcaneonavicular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003698 subtalar joint The talocalcaneonavicular articulation is an arthrodial joint: the rounded head of the talus being received into the concavity formed by the posterior surface of the navicular, the anterior articular surface of the calcaneus, and the upper surface of the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament. There are two ligaments in this joint: the articular capsule and the dorsal talonavicular. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011965 saddle joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint In a saddle joint (sellar joint, articulation by reciprocal reception) the opposing surfaces are reciprocally concave-convex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011966 manubriosternal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002216 symphysis The early union, by hyaline cartilage, of the manubrium and the body of the sternum, which later becomes a symphysial type of joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011967 costotransverse joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002292 costovertebral joint The facet of the tubercle of the rib forms an articulation with the adjacent transverse process of a thoracic vertebra. This is a plane type synovial joint called the costotransverse joint. This articulation is present in all but the eleventh and twelfth ribs. Ribs 1 to 10 have two joints in close proximity posteriorly; the costovertebral joints and the costotranseverse joints. This arrangement restrains the motion of the ribs allowing them to work in a parallel fashion during breathing. If a typical rib had only one joint posteriorly the resultant swivel action would allow a rib to be non-parallel with respect to the neighboring ribs making for a very inefficient respiratory mechanism. The ventral rami innervate the costotransverse joints. Therefore, therapeutic medial branch blocks are ineffectual. The ligaments of the joint are: Articular capsule Posterior costotransverse Anterior costotransverse Ligament of the neck of the rib Ligament of the tubercle of the rib. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011968 radio-carpal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001491 wrist joint A skeletal joint that connects a radius bone and connects a carpal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011969 mesotarsal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011980 crurotarsal joint An ankle joint that passes between the proximal and distal tarsals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011970 talofibular ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament A skeletal ligament that connects the fibula to the talus. Examples: anterior and posterior talofibular ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011971 calcaneofibular ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003701 calcaneal tendon A skeletal ligament that connects the fibula to the calcaneus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011972 medial ligament of ankle joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament A skeletal ligament that connects a tibia and connects a tarsal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011973 epiphysis of phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001437 epiphysis An epiphysis that is part of a phalanx of a pes [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011974 epiphysis of proximal phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011973 epiphysis of phalanx of pes An epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011975 epiphysis of middle phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011973 epiphysis of phalanx of pes An epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011976 epiphysis of distal phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011973 epiphysis of phalanx of pes An epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011977 epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004387 epiphysis of phalanx of manus An epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011978 epiphysis of middle phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004387 epiphysis of phalanx of manus An epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011979 epiphysis of distal phalanx of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004387 epiphysis of phalanx of manus An epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011980 crurotarsal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001488 ankle joint A joint that connects the bones of the crus to the proximal tarsal bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011997 coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure The aggregate of the coelemic cavity lumen plus the membranes that line the lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012054 myocoele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The cavity within a myotome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012055 left lung lower lobe bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003539 left lung bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a lower lobe of left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012056 left lung upper lobe bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003539 left lung bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a upper lobe of left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012059 right lung lower lobe bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003538 right lung bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a lower lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012063 lobar bronchus of right lung middle lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003404 lobar bronchus of right lung A lobar bronchus that is part of a middle lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012065 lobar bronchus of left lung upper lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003405 lobar bronchus of left lung A lobar bronchus that is part of a upper lobe of left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012066 lobar bronchus of left lung lower lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003405 lobar bronchus of left lung A lobar bronchus that is part of a lower lobe of left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012068 right lung middle lobe bronchiole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003538 right lung bronchiole A bronchiole that is part of a middle lobe of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012070 palatal tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003267 tooth of upper jaw A tooth that is on the roof of the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012071 palate bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008907 dermal bone Any bone that is part of a palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012073 tooth of palatine bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012070 palatal tooth A tooth that is attached to a palatine bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012074 bony part of hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A subdivision of skeletal system that subdivision_of a hard palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012075 replacement bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010522 replacement element Bone that forms as a replacement of another structural tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012076 tibiotalar joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011980 crurotarsal joint A skeletal joint that connects a tibia and connects a talus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012080 patella cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005863 cartilaginous condensation A cartilaginous condensation that has the potential to develop into a patella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012081 patella pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005866 pre-cartilage condensation A pre-cartilage condensation that has the potential to develop into a patella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012082 bronchial lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical cavity that is part of a bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012083 lumen of primary bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012082 bronchial lumen An anatomical cavity that is part of a main bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012084 lumen of secondary bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012082 bronchial lumen An anatomical cavity that is part of a lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012085 lumen of tertiary bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012082 bronchial lumen An anatomical cavity that is part of a segmental bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012102 buccal salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001044 saliva-secreting gland A salivary gland that is part of a cheek. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012109 zygomatic process of frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The part of the zygomatic process consisting of the frontal bone[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012111 diastema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A space or gap between two teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012126 fibulare http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011679 proximal tarsal bone One of two elements that constitute the basal row of tarsals. The fibulare constitutes the preaxial element[AAO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012128 nose tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006983 anatomical point Outermost point on an external nose or snout. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012130 olecranon fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone A deep evacuation in the bone, into which the anconeal process of the ulna passes when the elbow joint is extended. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012131 centrale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015067 centrale endochondral element Endochondral bone located between the proximal and distal rows of carpals or tarsals and thus representing the central carpals or tarsals[PHENOSCAPE]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012140 digitopodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012139 segment of autopod A segment of the autopod consisting of both acropodial region and metapodial region, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012141 manual digitopodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012140 digitopodium region A digitopodium region that is part of a manus[Obol]. This includes the fingers and metacarpal region, but excludes the carpal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012142 pedal digitopodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012140 digitopodium region A digitopodium region that is part of a pes[Obol]. This includes the toes and metatarsal region, but excludes the tarsals region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012150 skeleton of digitopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision A subdivision of the autopod skeleton consisting of both acropodial skeleon and metapodial skeleton, but excluding the mesopodial/basopodial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012151 skeleton of manual digitopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012150 skeleton of digitopodium A subdivision of the manus skeleton consisting of both manual acropodial skeleton and metacarpal skeleton, but excluding the carpal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012152 skeleton of pedal digitopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012150 skeleton of digitopodium A subdivision of the pes skeleton consisting of both pedal acropodial skeleton and metatarsal skeleton, but excluding the tarsal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012167 buccal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad The Buccal fat pad is one of several encapsulated fat masses in the cheek. It is a deep fat pad located on either side of the face between the buccinator muscle and several more superficial muscles. It should not be confused with the malar fat pad, which is directly below the skin of the cheek. It should also not be confused with jowl fat pads. It is implicated in the formation of hollow cheeks and the nasolabial fold, but not in the formation of jowls. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012168 umbilical cord blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013755 arterial blood Blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after childbirth[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012172 stomach primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium A primordium that has the potential to develop into a stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012177 skin apocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system An apocrine gland that is part of a skin of body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012180 head or neck skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is part of a craniocervical region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012193 phrenic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The veins that run parallel to the phrenic arteries which include the two superior and two inferior phrenic veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012197 intercostal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein The intercostal veins are a group of veins which drain the area between the ribs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012198 intercostal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A space in the rib cage between two successive ribs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012236 intercostal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007644 thoracic lymph node The intercostal lymph nodes (intercostal glands ) occupy the posterior parts of the intercostal spaces, in relation to the intercostal vessels. They receive the deep lymphatics from the postero-lateral aspect of the chest; some of these vessels are interrupted by small lateral intercostal glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012238 ureteric bud trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct Ureteric bud cells that elongate to form a rigid structure (stalk) consisting of polarized epithelial cells without branching; the stalks differentiate into the collecting system of the mature kidney, while the tip cells interact with the adjacent cells of the metanephric mesenchyme, inducing their conversion into nephrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012239 urinary bladder vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ Network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012240 urethral meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010418 urethral opening External opening or orifice of the urethra through which urine and seminal fluid (in males only) leave the body; in males the meatus presents as a vertical slit normally positioned at the tip of glans penis; in females the meatus is located between the clitoris and the vagina in the vulvular vestibule of the female genitalia[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012241 male urethral meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012240 urethral meatus A urethral meatus that is part of a male urethra[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012242 internal urethral orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010418 urethral opening The usually crescent-shaped opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra, placed at the anteroinferior angle (apex) of the urinary bladder trigone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012246 thyroid follicular lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A follicular lumen is the closed cavity within a follicle of the thyroid gland. It is surrounded by follicular cells and filled with colloid, a concentrated solution of thyroglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012247 cervical gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002451 endometrial gland Mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012248 cervical mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001295 endometrium Lining of the head of the uterus (cervix); contains large branched glands; does not undergo sloughing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012249 ectocervix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The part of the cervix uteri that protrudes into the vagina and is lined with stratified squamous epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012250 cervix glandular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006799 glandular epithelium A glandular epithelium that is part of a uterine cervix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012251 ectocervical epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004801 cervix epithelium An epithelium that is part of a ectocervix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012252 endocervical epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012250 cervix glandular epithelium The glandular epithelium that lines the endocervix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012253 cervical squamo-columnar junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004801 cervix epithelium Region of cervical epithelium where columnar epithelium of endocervic and the stratified non-keratinising squamous epithelium of the ectocervic meet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012254 abdominal aorta artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery An artery that originates from the abdominal aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012270 forestomach-glandular stomach junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1100000 digestive tract junction The distinct low fold of tissue that separates the non-glandular area of the stomach (forestomach) from the glandular stomach; the limiting ridge extends circumferentially from the large curvature of the stomach to the small curvature, just below the esophagus; at the esophagus, the course of the limiting ridge bends into a U-shape and almost surrounds the esophageal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012274 columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that consists of columnar epithelial cells. Columnar epithelia are epithelial cells whose heights are at least four times their width. Columnar epithelia are divided into simple (or unilayered), and the rarer stratified (or multi-layered).[WP, modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Epithelium that derives from the mesoderm. [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012278 gland of nasal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036225 respiratory system gland The nasal glands are the seromucous glands in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane. The three major types of nasal glands are anterior serous glands, seromucous glands, and Bowman glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012279 chromaffin paraganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034978 paraganglion (generic) Small bodies containing chromaffin cells occurring outside of the adrenal medulla, most commonly near the sympathetic ganglia and in organs such as the kidney, liver, heart and gonads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012281 perianal sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016852 skin scent gland A holocrine gland that is part of the pilosebaceous unit of a hair located in the area around the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012282 mammary fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004180 mammary gland fat Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012283 femoral fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004266 upper leg connective tissue Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012287 Rathkes pouch epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011642 oral epithelium from ectoderm An epithelial sac that is part of a Rathke's pouch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012291 lateral malleolus of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone Malleolus is the name for the bony prominence on each side of the ankle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012292 embryonic cloacal fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure One of the pair of mesenchymal swellings (folds) located on either side of the cloacal membrane during the indifferent stage of embryonic development; cranial to the cloacal membrane the folds unite to form the genital tubercle; caudally the folds are subdivided into urogenital folds anteriorly and anal folds posteriorly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012294 navicular fossa of spongiose part of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The dilated terminal portion of the male spongy urethra located in the glans penis right before the external urethral orifice, also referred to as the most distal pendulous urethra; it is lined by stratified squamous, non-keratinizing epithelium; during development, the glans of the penis is initially solid but cannulates to give rise to the navicular fossa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012295 Guérin's valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ An inconstant fold or valve of mucous membrane sometimes found in the root or upper wall of the navicular fossa of the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012296 urethral crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ A longitudinal mucosal fold in the dorsal wall of the urethra[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012297 male urethral crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012296 urethral crest Narrow longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the male urethra, extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; when distended, it may serve to prevent the passage of the semen backward into the bladder; on either side of the male urethral crest is a slightly depressed fossa, the prostatic sinus, the floor of which is perforated by the orifices of the prostatic ducts from the lateral lobes of the prostate; the ducts of the middle lobe open behind the crest; at the forepart of the crest, below its summit, is a median elevation, the colliculus seminalis, upon or within the margins of which are the orifices of the prostatic utricle and the slit-like openings of the ejaculatory ducts[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012298 female urethral crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012296 urethral crest The conspicuous longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the female urethra[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012299 mucosa of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mucosa that is part of a urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012300 limb paddle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure A transient developing limb structure that develops from the limb bud; it is a dorsoventral flattening of the limb bud structure and develops into the foot plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012301 female membranous urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001336 membranous urethra of male or female A membranous urethra of male or female that is part of a female urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012302 male membranous urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001336 membranous urethra of male or female The shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the male urethral canal located in the deep perineal pouch and lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium; it extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm below and behind the pubic symphysis; the membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012314 embryonic facial prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure One of five swellings formed during the development of the face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012315 incisive foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull The point where the primary palate and both palatine shelves fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012317 vagina orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The median slit located inferior and posterior to the external urethral orifice in the female; the exit for menstrual flow and birth and the entrance for the penis during sexual intercourse; the size and appearance of the vaginal orifice varies inversely with that of the hymen (G. membrane), a thin fold of mucous membrane that surrounds the vaginal orifice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012320 cervical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003502 neck blood vessel An artery of the neck. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012321 deep cervical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012320 cervical artery The deep cervical artery (Profunda cervicalis) is an artery of the neck. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012324 transverse cervical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012320 cervical artery The transverse cervical artery (transverse artery of neck, transversa colli artery) is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk, running at a higher level than the suprascapular artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012326 gubernacular bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The caudal, swollen portion of the gubernaculum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012329 keratinized stratified squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006915 stratified squamous epithelium Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is a stratified squamous epithelium, the cells of which synthesize and accumulate keratin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012330 nasal-associated lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The lymphocytic cell population present in the mucosa of the nasopharyngeal duct of some animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012333 ovarian bursa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034696 fold of peritoneum A pouch formed by the mesosalpinx and the mesovarium that encloses the infundibulum of the uterine tube and the ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012344 holocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002365 exocrine gland Any exocrine gland whose secretion consists of its own disintegrated secretory cells along with its secretory product; holocrine secretions are produced in the cytoplasm of the cell and released by the rupture of the plasma membrane, which destroys the cell and results in the secretion of the product into the lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012348 autopod pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015790 autopod skin Pigmented, keratinised, hairless epidermis covering subcutaneous, collagenous, and adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012349 digital pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012348 autopod pad A thick spongy structure at the base of the autopod, centred over the flexor surfaces of the distal interphalangeal joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012350 carpal pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013622 manual autopod pad An autopod pad found in the carpal region of a manus. Used for additional traction when stopping or descending a slope in digitigrade species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012351 urachal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a urachus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012352 mesangial matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Extracellular matrix secreted by intraglomerular mesangial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012354 acropodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012139 segment of autopod The segment of the autopod that is distal to the metapodial region and consists of the digits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012355 manual acropodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012354 acropodium region The segment of the manus that is distal to the metacarpal region and consists of the manual digits (fingers). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012356 pedal acropodium region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012354 acropodium region The segment of the pes that is distal to the metatarsal region and consists of the pedal digits (toes). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012357 digitopodium bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011250 autopod bone A bone that is part of a the digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the acropodial skeleton or the metapodial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012358 manual digitopodium bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012357 digitopodium bone A bone that is part of a the manual digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the fingers or the metacarpal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012359 pedal digitopodium bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012357 digitopodium bone A bone that is part of a the pedal digitopodium skeleton - i.e. the toes or the metatarsal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012360 bone of jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A bone element that is part of a jaw region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012363 thyroid follicle epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a thyroid follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012367 muscle layer of intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018261 muscular coat of digestive tract A muscle layer that is part of an intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012368 circular muscle layer of muscular coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034933 layer of smooth muscle tissue The inner layer of the muscular coat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012369 longitudinal muscle layer of muscular coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034933 layer of smooth muscle tissue The outer layer of the muscular coat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012373 sympathetic nerve plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001816 autonomic nerve plexus A nerve plexus that is part of a sympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012375 subserosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer A layer of tissue between the muscularis and serosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012377 muscle layer of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011201 muscle layer of small intestine A muscular coat that is part of a jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012378 muscle layer of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscular coat that is part of a urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012398 large intestine smooth muscle circular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012368 circular muscle layer of muscular coat A circular muscle layer of muscular coat that is part of a large intestine smooth muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012399 large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012369 longitudinal muscle layer of muscular coat A longitudinal muscle layer of muscular coat that is part of a large intestine smooth muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012401 small intestine smooth muscle circular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012368 circular muscle layer of muscular coat A circular muscle layer of muscular coat that is part of a small intestine smooth muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012402 small intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012369 longitudinal muscle layer of muscular coat A longitudinal muscle layer of muscular coat that is part of a small intestine smooth muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012418 respiratory system venous smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004696 venous system smooth muscle A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a respiratory system venous blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012423 layer of microvilli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure A layer of microvilli, Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments[GO,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012425 striated border microvillus layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012423 layer of microvilli A microvillus layer that is striated and found in the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012429 hematopoietic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034769 lymphomyeloid tissue Blood-forming tissue, consisting of reticular fibers and cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012430 tunica fibrosa of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The sclera and cornea form the fibrous tunic of the bulb of the eye; the sclera is opaque, and constitutes the posterior five-sixths of the tunic; the cornea is transparent, and forms the anterior sixth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012437 epithelial-mesenchymal boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line An anatomical line that adjacent_to a epithelium and adjacent_to a mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012441 endothelium of peritubular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004819 kidney epithelium An endothelium that is part of a peritubular capillary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012449 mechanoreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012451 sensory receptor A sensory receptor that responds to mechanical pressure or distortion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012451 sensory receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012453 nerve ending A sensory nerve ending that responds to a stimulus in the internal or external environment of an organism. In response to stimuli the sensory receptor initiates sensory transduction by creating graded potentials or action potentials in the same cell or in an adjacent one. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012453 nerve ending http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure Specialized terminations of peripheral neurons. Nerve endings include NEUROEFFECTOR JUNCTION(s) by which neurons activate target organs and sensory receptors (see RECEPTORS, SENSORY) which transduce information from the various sensory modalities and send it centrally in the nervous system. Presynaptic nerve endings are PRESYNAPTIC TERMINALS. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012456 Merkel nerve ending http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012449 mechanoreceptor Mechanoreceptors found in the skin and mucosa of vertebrates that provide touch information to the brain. The information they provide are those regarding pressure and texture. Each ending consists of a Merkel cell in close apposition with an enlarged nerve terminal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012463 cloacal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012464 cloacal vent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000161 orifice The opening of the cloacal chamber to the outside of the organism. Birds maintain a single cloacal opening throughout their lives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012465 lumen of terminal part of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a terminal part of digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012467 enclosed anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space with no opening to another space or to the exterior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012468 anal tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003913 tooth-like structure Triangular calcified papillae (often five) placed radially around the anus of some Holothuriidae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012475 skeleton of pectoral complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton The collection of all skeletal elements in a pectoral complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pectoral girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012476 skeleton of pelvic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton The collection of all skeletal elements in a pelvic complex - i.e. the combination of free limb or fin plus pelvic girdle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012477 dorsal part of neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005434 cervical region The posterior region of the neck, including the suboccipital region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012478 cloacal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003408 gland of digestive tract A gland that is part of a cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012480 cloacal mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 mucosa A mucosa that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012481 cloacal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012482 submucosa of cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018257 submucosa of digestive tract A submucosa that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012483 serosa of cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000042 serous membrane A serous membrane that is part of a cloaca [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012486 muscle layer of cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018261 muscular coat of digestive tract A muscular coat that is part of a cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012487 vaginal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A sphincter muscle that is part of a vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012488 muscle layer of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011201 muscle layer of small intestine A muscular coat that is part of a duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012489 muscle layer of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011198 muscle layer of large intestine A muscular coat that is part of a colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012490 muscle layer of anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011198 muscle layer of large intestine A muscular coat that is part of a anal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012494 muscularis mucosae of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006676 muscularis mucosa A muscularis mucosa that is part of a duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012497 muscularis mucosae of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018112 rectum smooth muscle tissue A muscularis mucosa that is part of a rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012499 serosa of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A serous membrane that is part of a fallopian tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012503 serosa of fundus of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001201 serosa of stomach A serous membrane that is part of a fundus of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012504 adventitia of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005742 adventitia An adventitia that is part of a esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012615 umbilical smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005292 extraembryonic tissue A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a umbilical cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012650 gastroduodenal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1100000 digestive tract junction An anatomical junction that connects a stomach and connects a duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012651 mucosa of gastroduodenal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001199 mucosa of stomach A mucosa that is part of a gastroduodenal junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013069 popliteal area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005055 zone of long bone A depression on the ventral side of the femur, at the knee joint, between the condyles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013074 cornual diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity An extension of the frontal sinus into the horn. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013118 sulcus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000093 sulcus A depression or fissure in the surface of the brain. It surrounds the gyri, creating the characteristic appearance of the brain in humans and other large mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013124 left posterior cardinal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A posterior cardinal vein that is in_the_left_side_of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013126 vein of abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003497 abdomen blood vessel A vein that is part of a abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013127 pulmonary venous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature The part of the venous system that drains the lungs[Kardong]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013135 interdental plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The interdental plate refers to the bone-filled mesial-distal region between the teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013136 vein of lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains a lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013139 ligament of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A nonskeletal ligament that is part of a liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013140 systemic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein Any vein within the general circulation that transports blood back to the right atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013141 capillary bed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007502 epithelial plexus A localized group of blood capillaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013142 soleal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001551 vein of hindlimb zeugopod A vein that drains the soleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013143 gastrocnemius vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001551 vein of hindlimb zeugopod A vein that drains the gastrocnemius. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013151 choroidal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery One of two arteries (anterior and posterior choroidal artery) that supply blood to the choroid plexus, optic tract, hippocampus, globus pallidus, and other various brain regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013158 foregut-midgut junction gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003408 gland of digestive tract A gland that is part of a foregut-midgut junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013161 left lateral ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A telencephalic ventricle that is in_the_left_side_of a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013162 right lateral ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A telencephalic ventricle that is in_the_right_side_of a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013164 molariform tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001091 calcareous tooth A molar or premolar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013167 cricopharyngeal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001730 extrinsic ligament of larynx Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid cartilage to the pharynx[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013168 thyroepiglottic ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006325 laryngeal intrinsic ligament Laryngeal ligament that connects the epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013170 cricoarytenoid ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001730 extrinsic ligament of larynx Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013171 cricothyroid ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001743 ligament of larynx This attaches the caudal border of the thyroid cartilage to the ventral arch of the cricoid cartilage. Its sheetlike ventral portion is sometimes referred to as the cricothyroid membrane. Being elastic, it 'balances' movement at the hinge-like cricothyroid joint and determines the resting position of the larynx when the muscles are relaxed[MURDOCH]. The cricothyroid ligament is the larger part of the laryngeal membrane, continuing inferiorly as a median or anterior part and twin lateral ligaments. The median cricothyroid ligament is a flat band of white tissue joining the cricoid and thyroid cartilages, while the lateral cricothyroid ligament is also known as the cricothyroid membrane (also called conus elasticus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013172 cricotracheal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001730 extrinsic ligament of larynx The cricotracheal ligament connects the cricoid cartilage with the first ring of the trachea[WP]. The caudal border of the cricoid cartilage is joined to the first ring of the trachea by this ligament. It is an extrinsic laryngeal ligament. It resembles the fibrous membrane which connects the cartilaginous rings of the trachea to each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013191 ovarian cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The layer of the ovarian stroma lying immediately beneath the tunica albuginea, composed of connective tissue cells and fibers, among which are scattered primary and secondary (antral) follicles in various stages of development; the cortex varies in thickness according to the age of the individual, becoming thinner with advancing years; included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa (and the granulosa cells inside it), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte; the zona pellucida, theca of follicle, antrum and liquor folliculi are also contained in the follicle; also in the cortex is the corpus luteum derived from the follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013192 ovarian medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Highly vascular stroma found in the center of the ovary that forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; this stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovarian ligament is attached, and through which the blood vessels enter; it does not contain any ovarian follicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013212 anal sac gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland A bodily secretion that is produced by a gland of anal sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013228 sweat gland of eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013229 eyelid gland Glands of Moll, also known as ciliary glands, are modified apocrine sweat glands that are found on the margin of the eyelid. They are next to the base of the eyelashes, and anterior to the Meibomian glands within the distal eyelid margin. These glands are relatively large and tubular-shaped. The glands of Moll are named after Dutch oculist Jacob Anton Moll (1832-1914). Glands of Moll empty into the adjacent lashes. Glands of Moll and Zeis secrete lipid that adds to the superficial layer of the tear film, retarding evaporation. The glands of Moll are prone to infection and blockage of its duct with sebum and cell debris. Blockage of the gland's duct causes swelling which can manifest itself as a stye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013229 eyelid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015152 gland of ocular region Any gland that is part of an eyelid. This includes sebaceous glands (Zeis gland, tarsal gland) and sweat glands (Moll's gland). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013230 nictitans gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015153 medial gland of ocular region A gland producing tears in a third eyelid in the corner of each eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013231 sebaceous gland of eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013229 eyelid gland Any of the sebaceous glands that are in the eyelid. Examples: gland of Zeis (services eyelashes), gland of Meibom (tarsal gland - unconnected to eyelids). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013232 serous acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland The secretory unit of a serous gland. The acinar portion is composed of serous secreting cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013235 ventrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A major organism subdivisionthat is the entire part of an anatomical structure ventral to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same horizontal plane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013239 future glans penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013238 future glans A future glans that is part of a male genital tubercle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013240 future glans clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013238 future glans A future glans that is part of a female genital tubercle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013241 embryonic urethral groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The precursor of the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013247 male paramesonephric duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium An epithelial tube that develops from a Mullerian duct in a male. Later degenerates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013279 diaphysis of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis A diaphysis that is part of a fibula[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013280 diaphysis of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis A diaphysis that is part of a tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013411 cranial cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity Anatomical cavity that is the lumen of the skull and contains the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013424 anatomical point connecting sagittal and lambdoidal sutures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006983 anatomical point The occipital angle is rounded and corresponds with the point of meeting of the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures-a point which is termed the lambda (after the Greek letter of the same name); in the fetus this part of the skull is membranous, and is called the posterior fontanelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013455 spheno-petrosal fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line The sphenopetrosal fissure (or sphenopetrosal suture) is the cranial suture between the sphenoid bone and the petrous portion of the temporal bone. It is in the middle cranial fossa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013472 upper esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract The upper one third of esophagus in which the muscle layer is composed of muscle cells of the striated type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013475 gustatory gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003409 gland of tongue A serous salivary gland which resides adjacent to the moats surrounding the circumvallate papillae in the posterior one-third of the tongue, anterior to the terminal sulcus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013478 cecal tonsil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001962 gut-associated lymphoid tissue A thickened round patch of lymphoid tissue located at the ileocecal junction adjacent to the sacculus rotundus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013479 lung endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004702 respiratory system blood vessel endothelium A blood vessel endothelium that is part of a lung [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013481 crypt of Lieberkuhn of ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001241 crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine An intestinal crypt that is located in the ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013482 crypt of Lieberkuhn of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001241 crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine An intestinal crypt that is located in the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013483 crypt of Lieberkuhn of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001241 crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine An intestinal crypt that is located in the jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013485 crypt of Lieberkuhn of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001984 crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine An intestinal crypt that is located in the colon. The colonic crypts of Lieberkühn are straight and unbranched and lined largely with goblet cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013491 cervical fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008982 fascia Any fascia tissue that is part of the neck region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013493 abdominal fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008982 fascia A fascia that is part of a abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013501 cloacal sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014783 cloacal muscle A sphincter muscle that is part of a cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013502 5th arch mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009494 pharyngeal arch mesenchymal region A mesenchyme that is part of a pharyngeal arch 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013503 caudal vertebra cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage A caudal vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013504 caudal vertebra pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018142 caudal vertebra endochondral element A caudal vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013505 cervical vertebra cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage A cervical vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013506 cervical vertebra pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015007 cervical vertebra endochondral element A cervical vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013507 thoracic vertebra cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage A thoracic vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013508 thoracic vertebra pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015008 thoracic vertebra endochondral element A thoracic vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013509 lumbar vertebra cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage A lumbar vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013510 lumbar vertebra pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015009 lumbar vertebra endochondral element A lumbar vertebra endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013514 space surrounding organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The space that surrounds an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013515 subdivision of oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube A section through the tube or network of tubes that connects the ovaries to the outside of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013525 stomach lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The anatomical space that is enclosed by a stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013526 otocyst lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007473 lumen of epithelial sac An anatomical cavity that is part of a ear vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013529 Brodmann area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A segmentation of the cerebral cortex on the basis of cytoarchitecture as described in Brodmann-1905, Brodmann-1909 and Brodmann-10. Maps for several species were presented. NeuroNames includes only areas in the human and in Old World monkeys. Of the latter, Brodmann studied representatives of several species including guenons (one Cercopithecus mona, one Cercocebus torquatus, and one Cercopithecus otherwise unspecified), which are all closely related African species, and one macaque (Macaca mulatta) an Asian species (Brodmann-1905). The legend to the summary map in Brodmann-1909 ascribes the areas simply to Cercopithecus. Brodmann referenced the areas by name and number. The same area number in humans and monkeys did not necessarily refer to topologically or cytoarchitecturally homologous structures. In NeuroNames the standard term for human areas consists of the English translation of Brodmann's Latin name followed by the number he assigned, e.g., agranular frontal area 6; the standard terms for monkey areas are in the format: area 6 of Brodmann-1909. He mapped a portion of areas limited to the banks of sulci, e.g., area 3 of Brodmann-1909 (Brodmann-1909) onto the adjacent, visible surface. This accounts for the fact that some areas appear larger on his surface map than on maps of other authors, e.g., area 3 of Vogts-1919. (Adapted from NeuroNames). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013531 retrosplenial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The retrosplenial region is a brain area and part of the cingulate cortex. It is defined by Brodmann area 26, Brodmann area 29 and the Brodmann area 30. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013581 metapodium bone 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003821 metapodium bone A metapodium bone that is part of a digit 1 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013582 metapodium bone 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003821 metapodium bone A metapodium bone that is part of a digit 2 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013583 metapodium bone 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003821 metapodium bone A metapodial bone that is associated with digit III. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013584 metapodium bone 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003821 metapodium bone A metapodium bone that is part of a digit 4 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013585 metapodium bone 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003821 metapodium bone A metapodium bone that is part of a digit 5 plus metapodial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013586 fused metapodial bones 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003821 metapodium bone An element formed from the fusion of metapodium 3 and metapodium 4 (i.e. either metatarsals 3 and 4 or metacarpals 3 and 4). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013587 fused metacarpal bones 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013586 fused metapodial bones 3 and 4 An element formed from the fusion of metacarpal 3 and metacarpal 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013588 fused metatarsal bones 3 and 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013586 fused metapodial bones 3 and 4 An element formed from the fusion of metatarsal 3 and metatarsal 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013622 manual autopod pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012348 autopod pad An autopod pad that is part of a manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013623 pedal autopod pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012348 autopod pad An autopod pad that is part of a pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013630 short bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element Short bones are designated as those bones that are as wide as they are long. Their primary function is to provide support and stability with little to no movement. They are one of five types of bones: long, short, flat, irregular and sesamoid. Examples of these bones include the tarsals in the foot and the carpals in the hand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013631 sesamoid element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010911 ossicle Ossicle that develops within bands of dense, regular connective tissue (e.g., tendons and ligaments). Sesamoids are generally located proximate to a bony prominence, over which the dense regular connective tissue wraps, and/or a joint or articulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013632 sesamoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013631 sesamoid element A sesamoid element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013636 epithelium of intestinal villus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001902 epithelium of small intestine An epithelium that is part of a intestinal villus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013637 prostate gland lateral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The prostate gland lobe that is located on the lateral side of the organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013645 gular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland A gland that is part of the gular region (throat). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013646 buccal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The buccal nerve (also called the long buccal nerve) is a nerve in the face. It is a branch of the mandibular nerve (which is itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve) and transmits sensory information from skin over the buccal membrane (in general, the cheek) and from the second and third molar teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013647 lateral pterygoid nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A nerve that innervates the lateral pterygoid muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013648 masseteric artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery The masseteric artery is small and passes laterally through the mandibular notch to the deep surface of the masseter muscle, which it supplies. It anastomoses with the masseteric branches of the external maxillary artery and with the transverse facial artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013678 anatomical line between inner canthi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line An anatomical line of the face that connects the two inner (medial) canthi of the eye. The length of this line is known as the inter canthal distance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013679 inner canthus of right eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005611 inner canthus An inner canthus that is part of a right eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013680 inner canthus of left eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005611 inner canthus An inner canthus that is part of a left eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013683 left dorsal thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A dorsal thalamus that is in_the_left_side_of a diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013684 right dorsal thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A dorsal thalamus that is in_the_right_side_of a diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen Anatomical space that is an opening in a bone of the skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013686 anatomical conduit space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space which is the lumen of some anatomical conduit and connects two or more spaces together[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013687 pericranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002515 periosteum Periosteum that is part of a skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013688 tonsil germinal center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010754 germinal center A germinal center that is part of a tonsil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013693 cerebral cortex neuropil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002606 neuropil A neuropil that is part of a cerebral cortex [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013694 brain endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium Vascular endothelium found in blood vessels of the blood-brain-barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013695 colon endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium Vascular endothelium found in colon blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013696 tonsil epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003351 pharyngeal epithelium The epithelium that forms the surface of the tonsil dips into the underlying connective tissue in numerous places, forming crypts kown as tonsillar crypts. Stratified squamous epithelium, that may be heavily infiltrated by lymphocytes. Epithelial cells are present in the germinal as well as in the periphery of the nodule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013697 exocrine pancreas epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium Epithelium lining the exocrine pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013699 strand of axillary hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair that is part of a axilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013700 axial musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Musculature of the head and neck, spine, and ribs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013701 main body axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A principle subdivision of an organism that includes all structures along the primary axis, typically the anterior-posterior axis, from head to tail, including structures of the body proper where present (for example, ribs), but excluding appendages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013702 body proper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision The region of the organism associated with the visceral organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013703 integumentary projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006003 integumentary adnexa Anatomical projection that is part of the integumentl system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013704 notochordal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A tubular passage that extends from the primitive pit into the head process during the early stages of embryonic development in mammals. It perforates the splanchnopleure layer so that the yolk sac and the amnion are connected temporarily. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013727 notochordal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Fluid contained within the notochordal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013745 zona intermedia of adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009753 adrenal gland cortex zone A zone of the adrenal cortex located between the zona glomerulosa and the zona fasciculata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013748 ulnar metaphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A metaphysis that is part of a ulna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013749 metaphysis of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A metaphysis that is part of a metaphysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013750 metaphysis of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A metaphysis that is part of a tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013751 metaphysis of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A metaphysis that is part of a radius bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013752 diaphysis of metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis A diaphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013753 distal epiphysis of metacarpal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004390 epiphysis of metacarpal bone A distal epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013754 integumentary system layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer An organ component layer that is part of a integumental system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013755 arterial blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 blood A blood that is part of a artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013756 venous blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 blood A blood that is part of a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013757 capillary blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 blood A blood that is part of a capillary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013758 cervical os http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure One of two openings in the uterine cervix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013760 external cervical os http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013758 cervical os Opening of uterine cervix into the vagina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013761 cervical cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The cavity formed by the walls of the cervix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Any of the organs or elements that are part of the digestive system. Examples: tongue, esophagus, spleen, crop, lunge feeding organ, tooth elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013767 frontal process of maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection A plate of bone from the maxilla that that projects upward, medialward, and backward, by the side of the nose, forming part of its lateral boundary[WP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013768 great vessel of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel Great vessels is a term used to refer collectively to the large vessels that bring blood to and from the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013769 uterine lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002558 organ cavity An organ cavity that is part of a uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013772 left nipple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A nipple that is in_the_left_side_of a body proper. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013773 right nipple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A nipple that is in_the_right_side_of a body proper. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013774 diaphysis of metatarsal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004769 diaphysis A diaphysis that is part of a metatarsal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013776 skin of palmar/plantar part of autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015790 autopod skin A zone of skin that is part of a palmar/plantar part of autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013777 skin of palm of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013776 skin of palmar/plantar part of autopod A zone of skin that is part of a palmar part of manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013778 skin of sole of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013776 skin of palmar/plantar part of autopod A zone of skin that is part of a skin of pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014283 piriform cortex layer 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Deepest of 3 cytoarchitecturally defined layers of the piriform cortex characterized by a moderately high density of pyramidal cells and large numbers of basal dendrites descending from pyramidal cells in layer 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014371 future telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Embryonic structure that gives rise to the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014375 intrinsic muscle of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001500 muscle of manus Any of the intrinsic muscles of the manus (hand). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014378 intrinsic muscle of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001498 muscle of pes Any of the intrinsic muscles of the pes (foot). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014382 collection of hairs on head or neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010164 collection of hairs A collection of hairs that is part of a craniocervical region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Mesenchyme that develops_from the neural crest[Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014388 kidney collecting duct epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004211 nephron epithelium The simple cuboidal epithelium lining the lumen of kidney collecting ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014389 gustatory papilla of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001726 papilla of tongue A papilla that contain taste buds, including the fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014390 muscle layer of ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011201 muscle layer of small intestine A muscular coat that is part of a ileum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014391 palmar/plantar sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000423 eccrine sweat gland A sweat gland that is part of the skin of the palmar part of the manus or plantar part of the pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014392 sweat of palm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001089 sweat Sweat that is produced by the glands on the palmar and plantar surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014393 sweat of axilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001089 sweat Sweat that is produced by the glands of the axilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014394 uterine fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014395 proximal mesopodial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017750 proximal mesopodial endochondral element A proximal mesopodial endochondral element that is composed primarily of a bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014396 interscapular fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad Encapsulated adipose tissue located between the scapulae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014398 respiratory muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003831 respiratory system muscle Muscle that is part of the respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014399 sinusoidal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010161 lumen of blood vessel An anatomical space that is enclosed by a sinusoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014400 hepatic sinusoidal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014399 sinusoidal space A sinusoidal space that is part of a hepatic sinusoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014401 renal venous blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003920 venous blood vessel Any member of the network of tubes that return blood from the renal tissues to the systemic circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014402 sex-specific anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A part of the body present only in a specific gender. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014403 male anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014402 sex-specific anatomical structure A part of the body present only in males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014404 female anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014402 sex-specific anatomical structure A part of the body present only in females. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014437 iliac crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ Is part of the pelvis on the edge of the wing of the ilium. Round in shape, dorsal to the pubis and ischium. Acts as structrure that muscles can attach too. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014438 superior pubic ramus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014444 pubic ramus The superior pubic ramus is a part of the pubic bone which forms a portion of the obturator foramen. It extends from the body to the median plane where it articulates with its fellow of the opposite side. It is conveniently described in two portions, viz. , a medial flattened part and a narrow lateral prismoid portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014439 inferior pubic ramus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014444 pubic ramus The inferior pubic ramus is thin and flattened. It passes lateralward and downward from the medial end of the superior ramus; it becomes narrower as it descends and joins with the inferior ramus of the ischium below the obturator foramen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014445 acetabular fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004704 bone fossa The acetabular fossa is the roughened depression in the centre of the acetabulum, surrounded by the lunate acetabular surface and the acetabular notch. The acetabular fossa provides an insertion point for the teres ligaments that secure the femoral head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014446 acetabular notch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen The acetabulum presents below a deep notch, the acetabular notch, which is continuous with a circular non-articular depression, the acetabular fossa, at the bottom of the cavity: this depression is perforated by numerous apertures, and lodges a mass of fat. The notch is converted into a foramen by the transverse ligament; through the foramen nutrient vessels and nerves enter the joint; the margins of the notch serve for the attachment of the ligament of the head of the femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014450 pretectal nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain A neural nucleus of the pretectal area (between dorsal thalamus and optic tectum) that receives afferents primarily from the retina and the optic tectum and are involved in modulating motor behavior in response to visual input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014451 tongue taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A taste bud that is located on the tongue, situated on a gustatory papilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014452 gustatory epithelium of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003357 epithelium of tongue A gustatory epithelium that is part of a tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014453 gustatory epithelium of palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002926 gustatory epithelium A gustatory epithelium that is part of a roof of mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014454 visceral abdominal adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007808 adipose tissue of abdominal region Subcutaneous adipose tissue that is located in the peritoneal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014455 subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007808 adipose tissue of abdominal region Subcutaneous adipose tissue that is located in the abdominal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014463 cardiac ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion Any of the parasympathetic ganglia of the cardiac plexus between the arch of the aorta and the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014464 renal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003427 abdominal fat pad Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014477 thoracic skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all skeletal elements in the thoracic region of the trunk. In most vertebrates this is the rib cage and sternum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014478 rib skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system Subdivision of skeletal system that consists of all ribs and rib joints in an organism. In many vertebrates this consists of the combination of the rib cage and all rib joints, but some vertebrates have ribs outside the thoracic rib cage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014483 distal phalanx of digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx A distal phalanx that is part of a digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014484 distal phalanx of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx A distal phalanx that is part of a digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014485 distal phalanx of digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx A distal phalanx that is part of a digit 3. In odd-toes ungulates (Perissodactyla e.g. horses) this is called the coffin bone. In even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla e.g cattle) this is associated with the medial claw. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014486 distal phalanx of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx A distal phalanx that is part of a digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014487 distal phalanx of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004300 distal phalanx A distal phalanx that is part of a digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014488 middle phalanx of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004301 middle phalanx A middle phalanx that is part of a digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014489 middle phalanx of digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004301 middle phalanx A middle phalanx that is part of a digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014490 middle phalanx of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004301 middle phalanx A middle phalanx that is part of a digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014491 middle phalanx of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004301 middle phalanx A middle phalanx that is part of a digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014501 proximal phalanx of digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx A proximal phalanx that is part of a autopod digit 1 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014502 proximal phalanx of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx A proximal phalanx that is part of a autopod digit 2 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014503 proximal phalanx of digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx A proximal phalanx that is part of a autopod digit 3 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014504 proximal phalanx of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx A proximal phalanx that is part of a autopod digit 4 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014505 proximal phalanx of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004302 proximal phalanx A proximal phalanx that is part of a autopod digit 5 [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014506 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009768 distal interphalangeal joint A distal inter-phalangeal joint that is part of the 3rd digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014507 distal interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014506 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 3 A distal inter-phalangeal joint that is part of the 3rd pedal digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014508 distal interphalangeal joint of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014506 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 3 A distal inter-phalangeal joint that is part of the 3rd manual digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014538 subdivision of spinal cord central canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A subdivision of the central canal of the spinal cord along its anterior-posterior axis. This is typically subdivided into cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral segments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014540 white matter lamina of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014530 white matter lamina of neuraxis The white laminae of cerebellum is subdivision of the cerebellar cortex comprised of myelinated axons lying deep to the granule cell layer of the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014541 thoracic division of spinal cord central canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014538 subdivision of spinal cord central canal Part of spinal cord central canal contained in the thoracic spinal cord. It is continuous rostrally with the cervical spinal cord central canal and caudally with the lumbar spinal cord central canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014542 cervical division of cord spinal central canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014538 subdivision of spinal cord central canal Part of central canal contained within the cervical spinal cord. It is continuous caudally with the thoracic spinal cord central canal and rostrally with the fourth ventricle of the brain via the obex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014543 lumbar division of spinal cord central canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014538 subdivision of spinal cord central canal Part of central canal lying within the lumbar spinal cord. It is continuous rostrally with the central canal of the thoracic spinal cord and caudally with the central canal of the sacral spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014547 sacral division of spinal cord central canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014538 subdivision of spinal cord central canal Part of spinal cord central canal contained in the sacral spinal cord. It is continuous rostrally with the spinal cord central canal of the lumbar cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014548 pyramidal layer of CA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035786 layer of CA1 field CA1 part of stratum pyramidale hippocampi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014549 pyramidal layer of CA2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035787 layer of CA2 field Part of pyramidal cell layer in area CA2, lying superficial to the CA2 stratum oriens, and deep to the stratum radiatum of CA2, continuous with the pyramidal cell layers of CA1 and CA3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014550 pyramidal layer of CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035788 layer of CA3 field A layer of hippocampal field that is part of a hippocampus pyramidal layer and is part of a CA3 field of hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014551 CA2 stratum oriens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035787 layer of CA2 field Part of stratum oriens lying in area CA2 deep to the CA2 pyramidal cell layer and continuous with stratum oriens of area CA2 and bounded by the dentate gyrus hilus[Modified from NIFSTD by CJM]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014552 CA1 stratum oriens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035786 layer of CA1 field Part of stratum oriens lying in area CA1, superficial to the alveus of CA1 and deep to the pyramidal cell layer of CA1. It is continuous with the stratum oriens of CA2 and bounded by the subiculum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014553 CA3 stratum oriens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035788 layer of CA3 field Part of stratum oriens lying in area CA3 deep to the CA3 pyramidal cell layer and continuous with stratum oriens of area CA2 and bounded by the dentate gyrus hilus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014554 CA1 stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035786 layer of CA1 field Part of stratum radiatum lying in area CA1, superficial to the CA1 pyramidal cell layer and deep to the CA1 stratum lucidum-moleculare, continuous with the stratum radiatum of CA2 and bounded by the subiculum. It contains the Schaffer collateral projection from CA3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014555 CA2 stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035787 layer of CA2 field Part of stratum radiatum in area CA2, lying superficial to the pyramidal cell layer and deep to CA2 stratum lacunosum-moleculare, continuous with the stratum radiatum of CA1 and CA3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014556 CA3 stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035788 layer of CA3 field Part of stratum radiatum in area CA3, lying superficial to the stratum lucidum and deep to CA3 stratum lacunosum-moleculare. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014557 CA1 stratum lacunosum moleculare http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035786 layer of CA1 field Part of stratum lacunosum-moleculare lying in area CA1, superficial to CA1 stratum radiatum and bounded by the pial surface, continuous with stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA2 and the subiculum stratum moleculare. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014558 CA2 stratum lacunosum moleculare http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035787 layer of CA2 field Part of stratum lacunosum-moleculare lying in area CA2, superficial to the CA2 stratum radiatum, that is continuous with the stratum lacunosum-moleculare in areas CA3 and CA1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014559 CA3 stratum lacunosum moleculare http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035788 layer of CA3 field Part of stratum lacunosum-moleculare in area CA3. It is bounded by the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA2 and CA1. It is bounded superficially by the pial surface and deep by the CA3 stratum radiatum. It is continuous with the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014570 CA1 alveus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035786 layer of CA1 field CA1 portion of the alveus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014571 CA3 alveus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035788 layer of CA3 field Part of alveus lying within hippocampal sector CA3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014609 thoracic spinal cord dorsal horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002256 dorsal horn of spinal cord A dorsal horn of spinal cord that is part of a thoracic spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014610 thoracic spinal cord ventral horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002257 ventral horn of spinal cord A ventral horn of spinal cord that is part of a thoracic spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014613 cervical spinal cord gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002315 gray matter of spinal cord A gray matter of spinal cord that is part of a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014614 cervical spinal cord white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002318 white matter of spinal cord A white matter of spinal cord that is part of a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014615 accessory nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002211 nerve root A nerve root that is part of a accessory XI nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014620 cervical spinal cord dorsal horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002256 dorsal horn of spinal cord A dorsal horn of spinal cord that is part of a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014621 cervical spinal cord ventral horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002257 ventral horn of spinal cord A ventral horn of spinal cord that is part of a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014634 ventral nerve root of cervical spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009632 root of cervical nerve A ventral root of spinal cord that overlaps a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014635 dorsal nerve root of cervical spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009632 root of cervical nerve A dorsal root of spinal cord that overlaps a cervical spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014636 thoracic spinal cord gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002315 gray matter of spinal cord A gray matter of spinal cord that is part of a thoracic spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014637 thoracic spinal cord white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002318 white matter of spinal cord A white matter of spinal cord that is part of a thoracic spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014638 lumbar spinal cord dorsal horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002256 dorsal horn of spinal cord A dorsal horn of spinal cord that is part of a lumbar spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014639 frontal sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013118 sulcus of brain A sulcus of brain that is part of a frontal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014640 occipital gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus A gyrus that is part of a occipital lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014642 vestibulocerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A phylogenetic subdivision of the cerebellum, the oldest part, which regulates balance and eye movements. It receives vestibular input from both the semicircular canals and from the vestibular nuclei, and sends fibres back to the medial and lateral vestibular nuclei. It also receives visual input from the superior colliculi and from the visual cortex (the latter via the pontine nuclei, forming a cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway). Lesions of the vestibulocerebellum cause disturbances of balance and gait. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014643 spinocerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A phylogenetic subdivision of the cerebellum, the intermediate part, which regulates body and limb movements. It receives proprioception input from the dorsal columns of the spinal cord (including the spinocerebellar tract) and the trigeminal nerve, as well as from visual and auditory systems. It sends fibres to deep cerebellar nuclei which in turn project to both the cerebral cortex and the brain stem, thus providing modulation of descending motor systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014644 cerebrocerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex The part of the cerebellar cortex that receives input from the cerebral cortex via axons from the pontine relay nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014647 hemisphere part of cerebellar anterior lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex A multi-tissue structure that is part of a anterior lobe of cerebellum and is part of a cerebellar hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014648 hemisphere part of cerebellar posterior lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex A multi-tissue structure that is part of a cerebellar hemisphere and is part of a posterior lobe of cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014649 white matter of medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019262 white matter of myelencephalon A white matter that is part of a medulla oblongata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014677 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009768 distal interphalangeal joint A distal interphalangeal joint that is part of a digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014679 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009768 distal interphalangeal joint A distal interphalangeal joint that is part of a digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014680 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009768 distal interphalangeal joint A distal interphalangeal joint that is part of a digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014686 angular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009141 craniocervical region vein The angular vein formed by the junction of the frontal vein and supraorbital vein, runs obliquely downward, on the side of the root of the nose, to the level of the lower margin of the orbit, where it becomes the anterior facial vein. It receives the external nasal veins of the ala nasi, and communicates with the superior ophthalmic vein through the nasofrontal vein, thus establishing an important anastomosis between the anterior facial vein and the cavernous sinus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014687 temporal sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013118 sulcus of brain Any of three grooves in the temporal lobe including the inferior, middle, and superior temporal sulci. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014694 posterior auricular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009655 auricular artery The posterior auricular artery is a small artery and arises from the external carotid artery, above the Digastric muscle and Stylohyoid muscle, opposite the apex of the styloid process. It ascends posteriorly beneath the parotid gland, along the styloid process of the temporal bone, between the cartilage of the ear and the mastoid process of the temporal bone along the lateral side of the head. The posterior auricular artery supplies blood to the scalp posterior to the auricle and to the auricle itself. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014695 deep auricular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009655 auricular artery The deep auricular artery often arises in common with the anterior tympanic artery. It ascends in the substance of the parotid gland, behind the temporomandibular articulation, pierces the cartilaginous or bony wall of the external acoustic meatus, and supplies its cuticular lining and the outer surface of the tympanic membrane. It gives a branch to the temporomandibular joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014699 extraembryonic venous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014701 extraembryonic vascular system A venous system that overlaps a umbilical cord and is part of a entire extraembryonic component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014701 extraembryonic vascular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007798 vascular system A vascular system that overlaps a umbilical cord and is part of a entire extraembryonic component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014702 frontonasal process epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a frontonasal prominence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014703 anal membrane ectodermal component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium A unilaminar epithelium that develops_from a ectoderm and is part of a anal region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014704 pleuroperitoneal canal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a pleuroperitoneal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014705 median lingual swelling epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005911 endo-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a median lingual swelling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014716 interlobular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035050 excretory duct A duct that is located between lobules, within the thin connective tissue septa that separate lobules. All interlobular ducts are excretory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014717 mucous acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland The secretory unit of a mucous gland. The acinar portion is composed of mucous secreting cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014719 intralobular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000058 duct A duct that is located within a lobule, with no more connective tissue intervening between ducts and secretory units (i.e., acini or tubules) than between adjacent secretory units. Intercalated and striated ducts are intralobular. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014720 interlobar duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035050 excretory duct A duct that is located between lobes, within conspicuous, thick connective tissue septa that separate lobes. All interlobar ducts are excretory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014725 intercalated duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014719 intralobular duct A small duct which drains individual secretory units. These are usually inconspicuous, lined by a simple epithelium consisting of low cuboidal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014726 intercalated duct of pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014725 intercalated duct An intercalated duct that is part of a pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014727 intercalated duct of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014725 intercalated duct The tiny tubules with a very thin epithelial layer in the salivary glands running from the salivary acini into the striated duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014729 striated duct of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014719 intralobular duct Gland duct which connects an intercalated duct to an interlobular duct in a salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014762 fused metapodial bones 2-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013586 fused metapodial bones 3 and 4 An element formed from the fusion of metapodium bones 2, 3 and 4 (i.e. either metatarsals 2-4 or metacarpals 3-4). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014763 fused metatarsal bones 2-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014762 fused metapodial bones 2-4 An element formed from the fusion of metapodium bones 2, 3 and 4 in the pedal autopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014764 anatomical line along groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line Anatomical line that delineates a furrow or depression in an organ or tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014768 superior palpebral vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014769 palpebral vein A blood vessel that drains from from an upper eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014769 palpebral vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009141 craniocervical region vein A blood vessel that drains from from an eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014770 palpebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003496 head blood vessel An artery that supplies blood to an eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014775 prosomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004731 neuromere A neuromere that is part of the presumptive forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014776 midbrain neuromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004731 neuromere A neuromere that is part of the presumptive midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014777 spinal neuromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004731 neuromere A neuromere that is part of the presumptive spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014780 palatine aponeurosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Attached to the posterior border of the hard palate is a thin, firm fibrous lamella called the palatine aponeurosis, which supports the muscles and gives strength to the soft palate. It is thicker above than below, where it becomes very thin and difficult to define. Laterally it is continuous with the pharyngeal aponeurosis. It serves as the insertion for the Tensor veli palatini and Levator veli palatini, and the origin for the Musculus uvulae, Palatopharyngeus, and Palatoglossus. It provides support for the soft palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014783 cloacal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element Any muscle organ that is part of a cloaca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014790 lingual septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037 septum The lingual septum consists of a vertical layer of fibrous tissue, extending throughout the entire length of the median plane of the tongue, though not quite reaching the dorsum. It is thicker behind than in front, and occasionally contains a small fibrocartilage, about 6 mm. in length. It is well displayed by making a vertical section across the organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014791 musculature of forelimb stylopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004474 musculature of arm Any collection of muscles that is part of the forelimb stylopod region [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014792 musculature of pelvic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a pelvic complex. The pelvic complex comprises the pelvic girdle and the associated limb or fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014793 musculature of pectoral complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature Any collection of muscles that is part of a pectoral complex. The pectoral complex comprises the pectoral girdle and the associated limb or fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014794 pectoral appendage muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010891 pectoral complex muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a pectoral appendage (forelimb or pectoral fin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014795 pelvic appendage muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010890 pelvic complex muscle Any muscle organ that is part of a pelvic appendage (hindlimb or pelvic fin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014796 common tendinous ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure A ring of fibrous tissue surrounding the optic nerve at its entrance at the apex of the orbit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014847 vastus intermedius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001377 quadriceps femoris The Vastus intermedius (Cruraeus) arises from the front and lateral surfaces of the body of the femur in its upper two-thirds, sitting under Rectus Femoris and from the lower part of the lateral intermuscular septum. Its fibers end in a superficial aponeurosis, which forms the deep part of the Quadriceps femoris tendon. The Vastus medialis and Vastus intermedius appear to be inseparably united, but when the Rectus femoris has been reflected a narrow interval will be observed extending upward from the medial border of the patella between the two muscles, and the separation may be continued as far as the lower part of the intertrochanteric line, where, however, the two muscles are frequently continuous. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014849 hemotrichorial placental membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009002 placental membrane A placental membrane that consists of three trophoblast cell layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014851 chorda tendinea of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005994 chorda tendineae Chorda tendinea which is attached to the leaflet of mitral valve and is continuous with the endocardium of papillary muscle of left ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014852 chorda tendinea of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005994 chorda tendineae Chorda tendinea which is attached to the leaflet of tricuspid valve and is continuous with the endocardium of papillary muscle of right ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014870 inferior orbital fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006271 orbital fissure The orbital fissure that is situated inferiorly between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the maxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014871 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014876 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pedal digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014872 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014876 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pedal digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014873 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014876 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pedal digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014874 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014876 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pedal digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014875 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014876 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of pedal digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014881 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014886 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014882 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014886 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014883 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014886 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014884 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014886 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014885 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014886 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014887 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004448 distal epiphysis of phalanx A distal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014889 left hemisphere of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002245 cerebellar hemisphere A cerebellar hemisphere that is in_the_left_side_of a cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014890 right hemisphere of cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002245 cerebellar hemisphere A cerebellar hemisphere that is in_the_right_side_of a cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014891 brainstem white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003544 brain white matter White matter that is part of a brainstem [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ A muscle organ that consists of skeletal muscle tissue ensheathed in epimysium, that develops from myotome and that is innervated by some somatic motor neuron. Skeletal muscles are typically attached (via a tendon) to a bone but there are exceptions (e.g. intrinsic tongue muscles). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014903 primordial vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium A portion of tissue that will develop into vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014907 intersomitic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel One of the primary blood vessel sprouts that originate from the dorsal aorta and posterior cardinal vein and align dorsoventrally at the myotomal boundaries between somites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014914 haemolymphatic fluid-testis barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A barrier between the blood or haemolymphatic fluid and the testes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014915 genu of facial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain The bend in the facial nerve at the lateral end of the internal acoustic meatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014930 perivascular space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The space between a blood vessel and the pia mater. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015001 radius endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element The major preaxial endrochondral skeletal element in the anterior zeugopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015002 radius-ulna endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element A radius-ulna bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015003 ulna endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element Major postaxial endrochondral skeletal element in the anterior zeugopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015004 tibia endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015022 hindlimb endochondral element The major preaxial endochondral element in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015007 cervical vertebra endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element A vertebral endochondral element in the cervical region of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015008 thoracic vertebra endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element A vertebral endochondral element in the thoracic region of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015009 lumbar vertebra endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element A lumbar vertebra bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015010 sacral vertebra endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element A vertebra endochondral element that is part of the sacral region of the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015013 fibula endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015022 hindlimb endochondral element The major postaxial endochondral element in the posterior zeugopod[Phenoscape]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015014 calcaneum endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015050 tarsus endochondral element A calcaneum bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015015 supraoccipital endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A supraoccipital bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015016 stapes endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035130 auditory ossicle endochondral element A stapes bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015017 incus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035130 auditory ossicle endochondral element An incus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015018 malleus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035130 auditory ossicle endochondral element A malleus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015019 rib endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A rib bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015061 limb endochondral element A forelimb bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015022 hindlimb endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015061 limb endochondral element A hindlimb bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015023 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element A phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015023 phalanx endochondral element A manual digit phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015025 manual digit 1 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element A manual digit 1 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015026 manual digit 2 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element A manual digit 2 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015027 manual digit 3 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element A manual digit 3 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015028 manual digit 4 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element A manual digit 4 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015029 manual digit 5 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015024 manual digit phalanx endochondral element A manual digit 5 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015023 phalanx endochondral element A pedal digit phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015031 pedal digit 1 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element A pedal digit 1 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015032 pedal digit 2 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element A pedal digit 2 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015033 pedal digit 3 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element A pedal digit 3 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015034 pedal digit 4 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element A pedal digit 4 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015035 pedal digit 5 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015030 pedal digit phalanx endochondral element A pedal digit 5 phalanx bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element A pedal digit metatarsal bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015037 pedal digit 1 metatarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit 1 metatarsal bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015038 pedal digit 2 metatarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit 2 metatarsal bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015039 pedal digit 3 metatarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit 3 metatarsal bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015040 pedal digit 4 metatarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit 4 metatarsal bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015041 pedal digit 5 metatarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element A pedal digit 5 metatarsal bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element A manual digit metacarpus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015043 manual digit 1 metacarpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit 1 metacarpus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015044 manual digit 2 metacarpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit 2 metacarpus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015045 manual digit 3 metacarpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit 3 metacarpus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015046 manual digit 4 metacarpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit 4 metacarpus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015047 manual digit 5 metacarpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element A manual digit 5 metacarpus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015048 basioccipital endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A basioccipital bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015049 carpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element A carpus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015050 tarsus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element A tarsus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015051 exoccipital endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element An exoccipital bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015052 femur endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015022 hindlimb endochondral element A femur bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015053 humerus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015021 forelimb endochondral element A humerus bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015054 iliac endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element An iliac bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015055 pubic endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A pubic bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015056 ischial endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element An ischial bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015057 scapula endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A scapula bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015058 alisphenoid endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element An alisphenoid bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015059 orbitosphenoid endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element An orbitosphenoid bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015060 sphenoid endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A sphenoid bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015061 limb endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A limb bone or its cartilage or pre-cartilage precursor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015061 limb endochondral element An endochondral element that is part of a autopod region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015064 autopod cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element An autopod endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015067 centrale endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element Endochondral element located between the proximal and distal rows of carpals or tarsals and thus representing the central carpals or tarsals[PHENOSCAPE]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015068 distal carpal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018099 distal mesopodial endochondral element A distal mesopodial endochondral element that is part of a forelimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015069 distal carpal cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035128 manus cartilage element A distal carpal endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015077 centrale cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015067 centrale endochondral element A centrale endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015078 proximal carpal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017750 proximal mesopodial endochondral element A proximal mesopodial endochondral element that is part of a forelimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015079 proximal carpal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035128 manus cartilage element A proximal carpal endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015080 proximal carpal bone pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015078 proximal carpal endochondral element A proximal carpal endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015081 proximal tarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017750 proximal mesopodial endochondral element A proximal mesopodial endochondral element that is part of a hindlimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015082 proximal tarsal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035129 pes cartilage element A proximal tarsal endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015083 proximal tarsal bone pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015081 proximal tarsal endochondral element A proximal tarsal endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015094 distal carpal bone 4 cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035128 manus cartilage element A distal carpal bone 4 endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015095 distal carpal bone 4 pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015093 distal carpal bone 4 endochondral element A distal carpal bone 4 endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015099 distal tarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018099 distal mesopodial endochondral element A distal mesopodial endochondral element that is part of a hindlimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015100 distal tarsal cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035129 pes cartilage element A distal tarsal endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015101 distal tarsal bone pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018101 distal mesopodial pre-cartilage condensation A distal tarsal endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015103 distal tarsal bone 1 cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015102 distal tarsal bone 1 endochondral element A distal tarsal bone 1 endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015104 distal tarsal bone 1 pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015102 distal tarsal bone 1 endochondral element A distal tarsal bone 1 endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015120 right outer canthus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006726 outer canthus An outer canthus that is in_the_right_side_of a head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015121 left outer canthus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006726 outer canthus An outer canthus that is in_the_left_side_of a head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015122 anatomical line between outer canthi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line An anatomical line of the face that connects the two outer (lateral) canthi of the eye. The length of this line is known as the outer canthal distance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015129 epicardial fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035814 pericardial fat Visceral intrapericardial fat contiguous with the myocardial surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015130 connective tissue of prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011822 dense irregular connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015139 infundibulum of gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The tapering portion of the gall bladder that narrows to form the neck and cystic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015142 falciform fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015143 mesenteric fat pad A large fat pad that is located at the base of the abdominal wall, in the falciform ligament of the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015143 mesenteric fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the mesentery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015144 autopod hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037459 hair of limb A strand of hair that is part of a autopod region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015145 pes hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015144 autopod hair A strand of hair that is part of a pes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015146 manus hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015144 autopod hair A strand of hair that is part of a manus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015147 pinna hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022279 strand of hair on external ear A strand of hair that is part of a pinna. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015148 tail hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair that is part of a tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015149 ventral hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair that is part of a ventrum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015150 dorsal hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair that is part of a dorsum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015151 Harderian gland duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A duct that is part of a Harderian gland. opens into the conjunctival sac at the base of the nictitating membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015152 gland of ocular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland A gland that is typically found in or near the orbital region, in or around either the medial or lateral canthi, and is typically associated with secretions onto the eyeball or associated ducts. Includes the Harderian, nictitans and lacrimal glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015153 medial gland of ocular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015152 gland of ocular region A gland that is located in the ocular region, nearer the inner canthi. Typically associated with or part of the nictitating membrane, when present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015154 lateral gland of orbital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015152 gland of ocular region A gland that is located in or around the ocular region, nearer the outer canthi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015155 conjunctival space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a conjunctiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015161 inferior branch of oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The inferior branch of the oculomotor nerve or the inferior division, the larger, divides into three branches. One passes beneath the optic nerve to the medial rectus. Another, to the inferior rectus. The third and longest runs forward between the inferior recti and lateralis to the inferior oblique. From the last a short thick branch is given off to the lower part of the ciliary ganglion, and forms its short root. All these branches enter the muscles on their ocular surfaces, with the exception of the nerve to the inferior oblique, which enters the muscle at its posterior border. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015162 superior branch of oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The superior branch of the oculomotor nerve or the superior division, the smaller, passes medialward over the optic nerve. It supplies the Superior rectus and Levator palpebrae superioris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015165 multi-unit eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000970 eye An eye consisting of multiple light-sensing organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015171 uterine spiral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015172 endometrial blood vessel A corkscrew-like artery in premenstrual or progestational endometrium; uterine spiral arteries play a vital role in supplying nutrients to the placenta and fetus, and are thus remodeled into highly dilated inelastic vessels by the action of invading trophoblast (physiological change). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015172 endometrial blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A blood vessel that is part of a endometrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015178 somite border http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction A region of somite adjacent to presomitic mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015179 somite boundary epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium Epithelium located in the intersomitic region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015180 neck of talus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element The neck of talus is directed forward and medialward, and comprises the constricted portion of the bone between the body and the oval head. Its upper and medial surfaces are rough, for the attachment of ligaments; its lateral surface is concave and is continuous below with the deep groove for the interosseous talocalcaneal ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015181 neck of tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The slightly constricted part of a tooth, between the crown and the root. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015189 perineural vascular plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013141 capillary bed The capillary bed that initially surrounds the relative avascular brain and spinal cord; the perineural vascular plexus (PNVP) is the precursor to the blood brain barrier formed by angioblasts which migrate away from somites and is recruited to surround the neural tube in response to VEGF; vascularization of the brain and spinal cord occurs via angiogenesis as sprouting vessels from the PNVP invade the neuroepithelium and grow inward toward the ventricular lumen[MP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015203 non-connected functional system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034923 disconnected anatomical group An anatomical group whose component structures share a common function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015204 glandular system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015203 non-connected functional system A non-connected functional system that is composed primarily of a gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Any structure that is placed on one side of the left-right axis of a bilaterian. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015214 arcuate ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005181 thoracic segment organ A ligament that is part of a diaphragm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 circulatory organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 compound organ A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, contributes to the circulation of lymph, blood or analogs. Examples: a chambered vertebrate heart; the tubular peristaltic heart of ascidians; the dorsal vessel of an insect; the lymoh heart of a reptile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007692 nucleus of thalamus A nucleus of brain that is part of a dorsal thalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015234 nucleus of ventral thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007692 nucleus of thalamus A nucleus of brain that is part of a ventral thalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015238 pineal complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster A cluster in the epithalamus that consists of the pineal body and any associated structures, such as the parapineal gland or the parietal organ. The complex is poorly developed in mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015249 digit skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015790 autopod skin A zone of skin that is part of a digit [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015252 coat hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002073 hair follicle A hair follicle that is part of a coat of hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015280 pancreas left lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A pancreatic lobule that is in_the_left_side_of a exocrine pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015281 pancreas right lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A pancreatic lobule that is in_the_right_side_of a exocrine pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015329 respiratory system basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005769 basement membrane of epithelium A basement membrane of epithelium that is part of a respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015418 urethra mesenchymal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mesenchyme that is part of a urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015420 ureteral valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A valve that is part of a ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015445 anterior lingual gland duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001837 duct of salivary gland A duct that is part of a anterior lingual gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015453 subcutaneous lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A lymph node that is part of a hypodermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015454 pancreatic fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad A fat pad that is part of a pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015458 mediastinal fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad A fat pad that is part of a mediastinum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015474 axilla skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480025 skin of clavicle region A zone of skin that is part of a axilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015476 nose skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face A zone of skin that is part of a external nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015477 axillary fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad A fat pad that is part of a axilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015479 scrotum skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480029 skin of external genitalia A zone of skin that is part of a scrotum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015480 proper hepatic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001193 hepatic artery The hepatic artery proper (also proper hepatic artery), arises from the common hepatic artery and runs alongside the portal vein and the common bile duct to form the portal triad. The hepatic artery proper gives off a small supraduodenal artery to the duodenal bulb. Then the right gastric artery comes off and runs to the left along the lesser curvature of the stomach to meet the left gastric artery, which is a branch of the celiac trunk. It subsequently gives off the cystic artery, which feeds the gallbladder, before bifurcating into the right and left hepatic arteries. Of note, the right and left hepatic arteries may demonstrate variant anatomy. A replaced right hepatic artery may arise from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and a replaced left hepatic artery may arise from the left gastric artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015481 left hepatic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015796 liver blood vessel A hepatic artery that is part of a left lobe of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015482 right hepatic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015796 liver blood vessel A hepatic artery that is part of a right lobe of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015484 epidermis of metapodial pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019204 skin epithelium A zone of skin that is part of a metapodial pad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015485 choledocho-duodenal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1100000 digestive tract junction Hat part of the duodenal wall traversed by the ductus choledochus, ductus pancreaticus, and ampulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015593 frontal gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus A gyrus that is part of a frontal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015716 anal canal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014703 anal membrane ectodermal component An epithelium that is part of a anal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015717 smooth muscle tissue layer of ejaculatory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a ejaculatory duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015751 inferior tarsal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a inferior eyelid tarsus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015766 epithelium of duct of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct An epithelium that is part of a duct of salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015783 smooth muscle layer in fatty layer of subcutaneous tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001135 smooth muscle tissue A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a hypodermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015784 duct of olfactory gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A duct that is part of a olfactory gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015785 acinus of olfactory gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011858 acinus of exocrine gland An acinus that is part of a olfactory gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015787 upper respiratory conduit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Any anatomical conduit which is part of the upper respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015788 olfactory apparatus chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015787 upper respiratory conduit An anatomical chamber that is part of the olfactory apparatus, consisting of cavity walls (nasal epithelium and mucosal layers) and the space bounded anteriorly by the nares and posteriorly by the choanae, when these structures are present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015790 autopod skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001419 skin of limb A zone of skin that is part of a autopod region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015791 digit connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003587 limb connective tissue A portion of connective tissue that is part of a digit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015794 left lung lobar bronchus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003365 epithelium of left lung An epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of left lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015795 right lung lobar bronchus epitheium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003364 epithelium of right lung An epithelium that is part of a lobar bronchus of right lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015796 liver blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003497 abdomen blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015807 ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019304 sensory organ epithelium An epithelium that is part of a ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium An epithelium that is part of a camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015813 middle ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015807 ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a middle ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015814 outer ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015807 ear epithelium An epithelium that is part of a external ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015833 foregut epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium An epithelium that is part of a foregut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015834 duodenum lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001238 lamina propria of small intestine A lamina propria that is part of a duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015837 incisor dental pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001754 dental pulp A dental pulp that is part of a incisor tooth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015842 incisor enamel organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005176 tooth enamel organ A tooth enamel organ that is part of a incisor tooth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015846 incisor mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003856 uncondensed odontogenic mesenchyme An odontogenic mesenchyme that is part of a incisor tooth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015847 upper left incisor tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A upper jaw incisor that is in_the_left_side_of a dentition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015848 incisor tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010879 tusk An incisor tooth that protrudes beyond the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015852 narwhal tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015848 incisor tusk A upper jaw incisor that protrudes prominently from the mouth as a single median tusk, found in narwhals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015853 dental pulp of median incisor tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015837 incisor dental pulp A dental pulp that is part of a narwhal tusk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015854 interpedicular line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line An anatomical line that connects two successive vertebral pedicles. The length of this line is known as the interpedicular distance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015855 ventral ectodermal ridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure A thickening of the surface ectoderm on the ventral side of the embryonic tail which resembles the apical ectodermal ridge of the limb bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015870 lymph node of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node A lymph node that is part of a head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015871 facial lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015870 lymph node of head Any of the lymph nodes that are part of a face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015873 heel skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001512 skin of ankle A zone of skin that is part of a heel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015875 heel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005445 segment of pes The part of the foot that is the projection of the calcaneus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015917 superficial lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node A lymph node that is located close to the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015918 deep lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node A lymph node that is located deeper within the organism, further from the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016398 lymph node of lower limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node A lymph node that is part of a hindlimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016399 lymph node of upper limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node A lymph node that is part of a forelimb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016400 infrapatellar fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad The infrapatellar fat pad, also known as Hoffa's fat pad, is a cylindrical piece of fat that is situated under and behind the patella bone within the knee. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016405 pulmonary capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003526 respiratory system capillary A capillary that is part of a lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016418 nasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006983 anatomical point The intersection of the frontal and two nasal bones of the human skull. Its manifestation on the visible surface of the face is a distinctly depressed area directly between the eyes, just superior to the bridge of the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016422 compact bone of long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005808 bone tissue of long bone A compact bone tissue that is part of a bone tissue of long bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016423 compact bone of diaphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005808 bone tissue of long bone A compact bone tissue that is part of a diaphysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016425 epiphyseal plate of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007390 pectoral appendage cartilage tissue An epiphyseal plate that is part of a radius bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016442 median palatine suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035127 suture of hard palate The line of junction between the horizontal parts of the palatine bones that extends from both sides of the skull to form the posterior part of the hard palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016446 hair of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair that is part of a head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016447 hair of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair A strand of hair that is part of a trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016458 esophageal hiatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000161 orifice A hole in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016462 periorbital skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face A zone of skin in the periorbital region of the face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016475 skin of forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face A zone of skin that is part of a forehead. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016477 zygomatic process of maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004529 anatomical projection The zygomatic process of the maxilla (malar process) is a rough triangular eminence, situated at the angle of separation of the anterior, zygomatic, and orbital surfaces. In front it forms part of the anterior surface. Behind it is concave, and forms part of the infratemporal fossa. Above it is rough and serrated for articulation with the zygomatic bone. Below it presents the prominent arched border which marks the division between the anterior and infratemporal surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016478 liver stroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A stroma that is part of a liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016479 capsule of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A collagenous capsule covering the external surface of the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016481 bronchial lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A lymph node that is part of a bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016491 vertebral centrum element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element Skeletal element that functionally replaces the notochord[VSAP,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016500 muscularis mucosa of fundus of urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006912 urinary bladder muscularis mucosa A muscularis mucosa that is part of a fundus of urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016501 muscularis mucosae of fundus of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001203 muscularis mucosae of stomach A muscularis mucosa that is part of a fundus of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016502 stomach fundus lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is enclosed by a fundus of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016509 cavity of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035763 cavity of cardiac chamber Luminal space of the right ventricle of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016510 epithelium of male urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002325 epithelium of urethra An epithelium that is part of a male urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016512 lumen of duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is part of a duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016513 cavity of left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035763 cavity of cardiac chamber Luminal space of the left atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016515 muscular layer of prostatic urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscular coat that is part of a prostatic urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016516 lamina propria of prostatic urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002326 lamina propria of urethra A lamina propria that is part of a prostatic urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016517 lumen of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space An anatomical space that is part of a jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016519 muscularis mucosae of jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001210 muscularis mucosae of small intestine A muscularis mucosa that is part of a jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016520 epithelium of female urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002325 epithelium of urethra An epithelium that is part of a female urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016522 cavity of right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035763 cavity of cardiac chamber Luminal space of the right atrium of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016524 muscle layer of spongiose part of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscular coat that is part of a spongiose part of urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Subdivision of telencephalon which is one of a number of subdivisions of each hemisphere separated by both real landmarks (sulci and fissures) and arbitrary boundaries[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016528 white matter of frontal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016527 white matter of cerebral lobe A white matter of cerebral lobe that is part of a frontal lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005401 cerebral hemisphere gray matter Grey matter neocortex region of a lobe of the cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016530 parietal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe Gray matter of the parietal region of the neocortex, located in the parietal lobe of gyrencephalic animals. It is continuous anteriorly with the frontal cortex, posteriorly with the occipital cortex and medially with the insular cortex and with the temporal cortex on the posterior/inferior border. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016531 white matter of parietal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016527 white matter of cerebral lobe A white matter of cerebral lobe that is part of a parietal lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016534 white matter of temporal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016527 white matter of cerebral lobe A white matter of cerebral lobe that is part of a temporal lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016535 white matter of occipital lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016527 white matter of cerebral lobe A white matter of cerebral lobe that is part of a occipital lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016536 white matter of limbic lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016527 white matter of cerebral lobe A white matter of cerebral lobe that is part of a limbic lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016538 temporal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe Gray matter of the temporal region of the neocortex, located in the temporal lobe in gyrencephalic animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016545 pharyngeal ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue The external part of the developing pharynx that is made of ectoderm. During vertebrate development, pockets form in pharyngeal ectoderm between the pharyngeal arches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016548 central nervous system gray matter layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer A layer of of the central nervous system that is part of gray matter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016549 central nervous system white matter layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer A layer of of the central nervous system that is composed of white matter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016552 phlegm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000912 mucus Mucus produced in the respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016553 respiratory system mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000912 mucus Any mucus produced by a mucosae of the respiratory system. This includes the mucus produced in the nasal cavity (nasal mucus) and mucus produced in the respiratory tract (phlegm). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016554 white matter of midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003544 brain white matter A white matter that is part of the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016555 stria of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013199 stria of neuraxis A stria of neuraxis that is part of a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016565 cerebral blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003499 brain blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of a cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016566 pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region An roughly circular indentation in a surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016567 statoconial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane An acellular membrane in the vestibular labyrinth that is composed of the otoconial layer, gelatinous layer, and a subcupular meshwork. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016569 subcupular meshwork of statoconial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An acellular membrane in the inner ear that is part of the statoconial membrane and consists of long branching filaments cross-bridged to one another. The filaments are continuous with those of the otolithic membrane on one side and with the surface of the epithelium on the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016611 auditory hillocks, pharyngeal arch 1 derived http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster A collection of protruberances derived from pharyngeal arch 1 that develop into the tragus, crus of the helix, and helix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016612 auditory hillocks, pharyngeal arch 2 derived http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster A collection of protruberances derived from pharyngeal arch 2 that develop into the concha, antihelix and antitragus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016634 premotor cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The premotor cortex is an area of motor cortex lying within the frontal lobe of the brain. It extends 3 mm anterior to the primary motor cortex, near the Sylvian fissure, before narrowing to approximately 1 mm near the medial longitudinal fissure, which serves as the posterior border for the prefrontal cortex. The premotor cortex is largely equivalent to Brodmann area 6. Activity within this region is critical to the sensory guidance of movement and control of proximal and trunk muscles of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016636 supplemental motor cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain The supplementary motor area (SMA) is a part of the sensorimotor cerebral cortex (perirolandic, i.e. on each side of the Rolando or central sulcus). It was included, on purely cytoarchitectonic arguments, in area 6 of Brodmann and the Vogts. It is located on the medial face of the hemisphere, just in front of primary motor cortex. This is an element that appeared late in evolution, in monkeys, linked to the appearance of a true medial pallidum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016852 skin scent gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system A scent gland that is part of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016853 interdigital gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016852 skin scent gland A skin gland found in the interdigital region of some mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016854 dorsal part of optic cup http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The dorsal region of the optic cup that gives rise to the dorsal part of the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016855 ventral part of optic cup http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The ventral region of the optic cup that gives rise to the ventral part of the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016879 future central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Primordium that develops into the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016880 future nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure Primordium that develops into the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016883 ovarian fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space A shallow depression on the lateral wall of the pelvis, wherein the ovary lies. This fossa has the following boundaries: superiorly: by the external iliac vessels anteriorly and inferiorly: by the broad ligament of the uterus posteriorly: by the ureter and internal iliac vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016884 shoulder joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint The joint that is formed by the union of the humerus, the scapula (or shoulder blade), and the clavicle (or collarbone). Commonly thought of as a single joint, the shoulder is actually made up of two separate joints - the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016885 epithelium of terminal part of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium Epithelium lining the distalmost portion of the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016886 muscle tissue of terminal part of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue Any muscle tissue of the distalmost portion of the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016887 entire extraembryonic component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure The part of the conceptus that may be lost before birth or will be discarded at birth, or when the embryo becomes an independent organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016888 transitional anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure An embryonic anatomical entity that will turn into one or more other anatomical entities, perhaps with other anatomical entities, later in development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016896 periosteum of long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002515 periosteum A periosteum that is part of a long bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016912 frenulum of upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016910 frenulum of lip A frenulum of lip that is part of a upper lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016913 frenulum of lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016910 frenulum of lip A frenulum of lip that is part of a lower lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016915 vermilion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin The zone of the skin that surrounds a lip and is colored red due to thin epithelium and presence of eleidin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016918 upper vermilion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018151 skin of upper lip A vermilion that is part of a upper lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016919 lower vermilion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018150 skin of lower lip A vermilion that is part of a lower lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016928 metaphysis of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A metaphysis that is part of a fibula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017157 exoccipital-atlas joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint A synovial joint that connects a vertebral bone 1 and connects a exoccipital bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017163 skin bony tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013703 integumentary projection A bony structure embedded in skin, roughly equivalent to osteoderms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017261 intertarsal sesamoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013631 sesamoid element A sesamoid element that is part of a tarsal skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017615 vomerine dentition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest A set of teeth in which each tooth that attaches to a vomer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017632 pineal corpora arenacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017631 calcified structure of brain A calcified structure of brain that is part of a pineal body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017633 choroid plexus corpora arenacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017631 calcified structure of brain A calcified structure of brain that is part of a choroid plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017648 ventral body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000309 body wall The ventral part of the body wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017649 dorsal body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000309 body wall The dorsal part of the body wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017650 developing mesenchymal structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure A mesenchyme-derived anatomical entity undergoing a transtion to become another structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017651 salivary gland primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure A primordium that has the potential to develop into a saliva-secreting gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017654 buccal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000414 mucous gland Any of the small racemose mucous glands in the mucous membrane lining the cheeks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017672 abdominal viscera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005172 abdomen element A viscus that is part of a abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017750 proximal mesopodial endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element A mesopodial endochondral element that is in the most proximal part of the mesopodial skeleton, connected to the zeugopodial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017751 proximal mesopodial cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017750 proximal mesopodial endochondral element A proximal mesopodial endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018099 distal mesopodial endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015063 autopod endochondral element An endochondral element in the distal portion of the mesopodial skeleton, between the central mesopodial skeleton and the metapodial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018100 distal mesopodial cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018099 distal mesopodial endochondral element A distal mesopodial endochondral element that is composed primarily of cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018101 distal mesopodial pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018099 distal mesopodial endochondral element A distal mesopodial endochondral element that is composed primarily of a pre-cartilage condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018102 distal mesopodial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018099 distal mesopodial endochondral element A distal mesopodial endochondral element that is composed primarily of a bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018111 muscle layer of rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011198 muscle layer of large intestine A muscle layer that is part of the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018112 rectum smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016886 muscle tissue of terminal part of digestive tract Any portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018113 left kidney interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005215 kidney interstitium A kidney interstitium that is part of a left kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018114 right kidney interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005215 kidney interstitium A kidney interstitium that is part of a right kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018115 left renal pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A renal pelvis that is part of a left ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018116 right renal pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A renal pelvis that is part of a right ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018117 left renal cortex interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018113 left kidney interstitium A renal cortex interstitium that is part of a left kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018118 right renal cortex interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018114 right kidney interstitium A renal cortex interstitium that is part of a right kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018119 left renal medulla interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018113 left kidney interstitium A renal medulla interstitium that is part of a left kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018120 right renal medulla interstitium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018114 right kidney interstitium A renal medulla interstitium that is part of a right kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018132 tail fat pad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003916 fat pad Encapsulated adipose tissue that is part of a tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018134 rugal fold of scrotum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015479 scrotum skin A folded ridge of skin that is part of a scrotum superficial to the dartos muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018142 caudal vertebra endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010913 vertebral element Any vertebra endochondral element that is part of the caudal region of the vertebral column (tail or coccyx). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018144 cervical rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003458 neck bone A rib that is attached to a cervical vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018145 lumbar rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002228 rib A rib that is attached to a lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018146 transverse process of lumbar vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001077 transverse process of vertebra A transverse process that is part of a lumbar vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018148 ampullary gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006530 seminal fluid A bodily secretion that produced_by a ampullary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018150 skin of lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001458 skin of lip A zone of skin that is part of a lower lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018151 skin of upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face A zone of skin that is part of a upper lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018154 ligament of middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000211 ligament A ligament that is part of a middle ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018156 malleal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018154 ligament of middle ear A skeletal ligament that attaches to the malleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018161 annular ligament of stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008845 nonskeletal ligament A ring of fibrous tissue that connects the base of the stapes to the oval window of the inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018226 pulmonary part of lymphatic system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision An organ system subdivision that is the part of the lymphoid system that includes the pulmonary lymphatic vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018227 pulmonary lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A lymphatic vessel that is part of a lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018231 labyrinthine artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A long slender branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (85%-100% cases) or basilar artery (<15% cases), arises from near the middle of the artery; it accompanies the vestibulocochlear nerve through the internal acoustic meatus, and is distributed to the internal ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018232 axillary sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000382 apocrine sweat gland A sweat gland that is part of a axilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018233 gland of Zeis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013231 sebaceous gland of eyelid Glands of Zeis are unilobar sebaceous glands located on the margin of the eyelid. The glands of Zeis service the eyelash. These glands produce an oily substance that is issued through the excretory ducts of the sebaceous lobule into the middle portion of the hair follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018234 stroma of pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003891 stroma A stroma that is part of a pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018235 capsule of pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003893 capsule A capsule that divides the parenchyma of the pancreas into lobes and lobules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018239 rhombomere boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction A boundary delimiting a rhombomere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018242 palatine bone horizontal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure The part of the palatine bone that forms the posterior part (approximately one third) of the bony palate.(Stedmans). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018243 thymic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery A vein that supplies blood to the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018246 thyroid vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains a thyroid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018247 cervical thymic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018243 thymic artery An artery that supplies a cervical thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018251 meningeal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein One of the veins draining a meninix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018252 internal pudendal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009029 pudendal vein Accompanying vein of internal pudendal artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018255 jejunal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery A branch of the superior mesenteric artery that supplies the jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018256 lacrimal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains a lacrimal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018257 submucosa of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000009 submucosa Any portion of submucosa that lines the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018260 layer of muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer Any organ component layer that consists of muscle tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018261 muscular coat of digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat A muscular coat that is part of a digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018303 adrenal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Tissue that is part of some adrenal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018321 foramen for glossopharyngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull Foramen that allows the passge of the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018326 ilioischiadic foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen Situated just caudal to the acetabulum, the foramen is bound dorsally by the illium and ventrally by the ischium. The foramen transmitts the ischiadic nerves and vessels (Baumel et al. 1993). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018389 interoceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012451 sensory receptor A sensory receptor that detects stimulus within the body. Examples of stimuli that would be detected by interoceptors include blood pressure and blood oxygen level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018391 chemoreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018389 interoceptor A sensory receptor that detects chemical stimulus within the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018392 arterial baroreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004019 baroreceptor Arterial baroreceptors are stretch receptors that are stimulated by distortion of the arterial wall when pressure changes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018393 low-pressure baroreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004019 baroreceptor Found in large systemic veins, in pulmonary vessels, and in the walls of the right atrium and ventricles of the heart (the atrial volume receptors). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018394 vein baroreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018393 low-pressure baroreceptor A baroreceptor that located_in a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018395 cardiac baroreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018393 low-pressure baroreceptor A baroreceptor that located_in a heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018396 pulmonary baroreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018393 low-pressure baroreceptor A baroreceptor that located_in a pulmonary vascular system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018406 mental nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region Mental nerve is a general somatic afferent (sensory) nerve which provides sensation to the anterior aspects of the chin and lower lip as well as the buccal gingivae of the mandibular anterior teeth and the premolars. It is a branch of the posterior trunk of the inferior alveolar nerve, which is itself a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). The nerve emerges at the mental foramen in the mandibula, and divides beneath the Depressor anguli oris muscle into three branches: one descends to the skin of the chin. two ascend to the skin and mucous membrane of the lower lip. These branches communicate freely with the facial nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018407 infra-orbital foramen of maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull A foramen on the exterior of the maxilla that is continuous with the infra-orbital canal and is the conduit for the passage of the infraorbital nerve and artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018408 infra-orbital nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022298 lower eyelid nerve A branch of the maxillary nerve that enters the infraorbital canal and innervates the lower eyelid, upper lip, the nasal vestibule, the upper incisors, canines, premolars, upper gums, lower eyelid and conjunctiva, and part of the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018409 infra-orbital groove of maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4200230 surface of bone A groove on the interior of the maxilla that is continuous with the infra-orbital canal and is the conduit for the passage of the infraorbital nerve and artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018411 ligament of hip joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament A skeletal ligament that is part of a hip joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018413 facial nerve canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull A Z-shaped canal running through the temporal bone from the internal acoustic meatus to the stylomastoid foramen. It is located within the middle ear region, according to its shape it is divided into three main segments: the labyrinthine, the tympanic, and the mastoidal segment . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018415 ethmoid foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull An bone foramen in the ethmoid bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018508 foramen of nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull A vascular foramen opening on the outer surface of a nasal bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018543 lumen of intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The anatomical space within the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018544 trigeminal nerve muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 muscle organ Muscle innervated by the trigeminal nerve (Cranial Nerve V). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018602 lower lateral incisor tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018552 lateral incisor tooth An incisor tooth that is in_the_lateral_side_of a dentition and is part of a lower jaw region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018604 upper lateral incisor tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018552 lateral incisor tooth An incisor tooth that is in_the_lateral_side_of a dentition and is part of a upper jaw region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018645 incisor region of dentition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The subdivision of the dentition that consists entire of incisor teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ The neck region of a bone organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018674 heart vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ An interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018679 thoracic splanchnic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003824 nerve of thoracic segment Thoracic splanchnic nerves are splanchnic nerves that arise from the sympathetic trunk in the thorax and travel inferiorly to provide sympathetic innervation to the abdomen. The nerves contain preganglionic sympathetic and general visceral afferent fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019143 intramuscular adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001013 adipose tissue Adipose tissue which is located throughout skeletal muscle and is responsible for the marbling seen in certain cuts of beef. In humans, excess accumulation of intramuscular fat is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019198 dorsal nerve of clitoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The deep terminal division of the pudendal nerve that runs along the dorsum of the clitoral shaft and innervates the the glans clitoris. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019204 skin epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium Any region of epithelium that is part of a skin region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019207 chorioretinal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The part of the eye that consists of both the retina and the optic choroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019221 digit 1 or 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002544 digit Either of the outermost digits in a five-digit autopod, or their phylogenetic equivalent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019222 digit 2, 3 or 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002544 digit Any of the three medial digits in a five-digit autopod, or their phylogenetic equivalent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019258 white matter of hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003544 brain white matter A white matter that is part of the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019261 white matter of forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003544 brain white matter A white matter that is part of the forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019262 white matter of myelencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019258 white matter of hindbrain A white matter that is part of the myelencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019307 epithelium of external nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019306 nose epithelium Epithelial layer that is part of the external part of the nose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019311 root of olfactory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002211 nerve root The initial segment of an olfactory nerve, leaving the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019315 meibum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001866 sebum An oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019319 exocrine gland of integumental system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003297 gland of integumental system An exocrine gland that is part of a integumental system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019324 intraorbital lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001817 lacrimal gland A lacrimal gland located superficially at the lateral canthus, where both the lacrimal gland and Harderian gland ducts open. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019325 exorbital lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001817 lacrimal gland A lacrimal gland located subcutaneously at the anteroventral base of the ear adjacent to the parotid gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0020358 accessory XI nerve nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007635 nucleus of medulla oblongata The spinal accessory nucleus lies within the cervical spinal cord (C1-C5) in the ventral horn. The nucleus ambiguus is classically said to provide the 'cranial component' of the accessory nerve. However, the very existence of this cranial component has been recently questioned and seen as contributing exclusively to the vagus nerve. The terminology continues to be used in describing both human anatomy, and that of other animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0020550 auricular blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel A blood vessel that supplies or drains an ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022254 ventral thalamic fasciculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005838 fasciculus of brain The thalamic fasciculus is a component of the subthalamus. It is sometimes considered synonymous with 'field H1 of Forel'. Nerve fibres forming a composite bundle containing cerebellothalamic (crossed) and pallidothalamic (uncrossed) fibres that is insinuated between the thalamus and zona incerta. The thalamic fasciculus consists of the joint fibers of the ansa lenticularis and the lenticular fasciculus, coming from different portions of the medial globus pallidus, before they jointly enter the ventral lateral nucleus of the thalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022278 nucleus of pudendal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011777 nucleus of spinal cord A nucleus in the ventral part of the anterior horn of the sacral region of the spinal cord that is the origin of the pudendal nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022282 secretion of Harderian gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland A merocrine secretion that is produced by a Harderian gland, containing lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022283 pineal recess of third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity The diverticulum of the thin roof of the dorsocaudal third ventricle that projects into the stalk of the pineal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022284 lacrimal gland bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium The single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation (Int Rev Cytol. 1996;168:1-80. Cell biology of the harderian gland). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022286 secretion of nictitans gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland A secretion that is produced by a nictitans gland, containing glycoprotein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022287 tear film http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid An aqueous substance that covers the anterior surface of the eyeball, keeping the cornea wet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022293 reproductive gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance A portion of organism substance that is secreted by a reproductive gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022296 inferior palpebral branch of infra-orbital nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022298 lower eyelid nerve A nerve that innervates a lower eyelid and is a branch of the infra-orbital branch of the maxillary nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022297 palpebral branch of infra-orbital nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A nerve that innervates an eyelid and is a branch of the infra-orbital branch of the maxillary nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022298 lower eyelid nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003437 eyelid nerve A nerve that innervates a lower eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022299 upper eyelid nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003437 eyelid nerve A nerve that innervates an upper eyelid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022302 short ciliary nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region A branch of the ciliary ganglion that innervates the ciliary muscles, the iris, and the tunics of the eyeball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure Single layer of a laminar structure, identified by different density, arrangement or size of cells and processes arranged in flattened layers or lamina[CUMBO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022317 olfactory cortex layer 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Surface layer of the olfactory cortex that contains dendrites, fiber systems and a small number of neurons. It has been divided into a superficial part and a deep part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022318 olfactory cortex layer 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Middle layer of olfactory cortex lying deep to layer 1 and superficial to layer 3, characterized by a compact layer of cell bodies. It can be divided into a superficial part and a deep part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022323 entorhinal cortex layer 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 5 and deep to layer 3, that is relatively acellular. (Paxinos, The rat nervous system, Academic Press, 1995, pg 473-474). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022325 entorhinal cortex layer 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 6 and deep to layer 4 characterized by large pyramidal neurons that are darkly stained in Nissl preparations (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022327 entorhinal cortex layer 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Layer of the entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 4and deep to layer 2. It is characterized by cells of various sizes and shapes with a predominance of pyramidal cells (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022329 entorhinal cortex layer 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Layer of entorhinal cortex lying superficial to the cerebral white matter and deep to layer 5 characterized by cells of various shapes and sizes (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022336 entorhinal cortex layer 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Layer of the entorhinal cortex that is most superficial, continuous with layer 1 of adjacent neocortex and the molecular layer of the subiculum, lying deep to the pial layer and superficial to layer 2. It is relatively acellular consisting mostly of fibers running transversely relative to the cortical surface (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022337 entorhinal cortex layer 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer Layer of the entorhinal cortex lying superficial to layer 3 and deep to layer 1. It is characterized by medium-to large sized stellate cells that are grouped into prominent clusters, particularly in the rostral entorhinal cortex (Adapted from Paxinos, G. The rat central nervous system, 2nd ed, Academic Press, San Diego, 1995, pg. 474). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022350 visceral serous membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer Serous membrane layer that is adjacent to and lines an organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022351 parietal serous membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer Serous membrane layer that lines to a body cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022355 basal layer of endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004811 endometrium epithelium The layer of endometrial epithelium adjacent to the uterine cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022356 outer layer of endometrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004811 endometrium epithelium The layer of endometrial epithelium adjacent to the myometrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022358 placenta blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A blood vessel of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022360 male mammary gland duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001765 mammary duct A mammary gland duct that is part of a male organism. This structure typically regresses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022361 lung field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage A specific region of the foregut into the area in which the lung will develop. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022421 pontocerebellar tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain The second order neuron fibers of the corticopontocerebellar tracts that cross to the other side of the pons and run within the middle cerebellar peduncles, from the pons to the contralateral cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0023879 neural system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision A set of neural structures that subserve a specific function, e.g., visual system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0024045 white matter of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019291 white matter of metencephalon White matter that lies deep to the granular cell layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains afferents to the cerebellar cortex and axons that run between the cerebellar cortex and the deep cerebellar nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0025525 motor system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0023879 neural system The part of the central nervous system that is involved with movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0025533 proprioceptive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0023879 neural system The sensory system for the sense of proprioception. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034670 palatal taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034722 mouth roof taste bud A taste bud that is located on the soft palate, in the roof of the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034705 developing neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An embryonic or larval epithelium that is committed to form part of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034706 proliferating neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034705 developing neuroepithelium An epithelium that is undergoing proliferation to provide large numbers of neuronal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034707 differentiating neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034705 developing neuroepithelium A neuroepithelium some of whose cells are undergoing terminal differentiation to become neuronal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034711 cortical preplate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014950 layer of developing cerebral cortex The layer of the developing cerebral cortex that is formed from the first cohort of neurons to migrate out of the cortical ventricular zone; split by the second wave into marginal zone and subplate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034713 cranial neuron projection bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Any of the cranial nerves, or their central nervous system analogs (the optic tract, the epiphyseal tract). These analogs are not true nerves, and are instead evaginated sensory afferents emanating from the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034714 epiphyseal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034713 cranial neuron projection bundle A cranial nerve fiber tract that innervates the parietal eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034715 pineal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034713 cranial neuron projection bundle A cranial nerve fiber tract that innervates the pineal body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034717 integumental taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001727 taste bud A taste bud that is located external to the digestive tube, on the head or body, as found in species such as goldfish. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034719 lip taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A taste bud that is located on a lip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034720 head taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034717 integumental taste bud A taste bud that is located on the skin of the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034721 pharyngeal taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A taste bud that is located in the pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034722 mouth roof taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001727 taste bud A taste bud that is located on the roof of the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034724 esophageal taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element A taste bud that is located in the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034726 trunk taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034717 integumental taste bud A taste bud that is located on the skin of the trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034728 autonomic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The autonomic nerve is a small nerve which carries postganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons from the zygomaticotemporal nerve; a branch of the maxillary nerve, to the lacrimal nerve; a branch of the ophthalmic nerve. These neurons derive from the superior cervical ganglion and the pterygopalatine ganglion respectively. They will travel to the lacrimal gland via the lacrimal nerve. Parasympathetic will induce lacrimation and vice versa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034736 coracoclavicular ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008846 skeletal ligament Any ligament that connects the coracoid process with the clavicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034762 areolar sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000382 apocrine sweat gland Any sweat gland that is part of an areola. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034763 hindbrain commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005970 brain commissure Any commissure within the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768 morphological feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A part of an organism or organ that is continuous with its surroundings and distinguished from its surroundings based on morphology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034772 margin of eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The confluence of the mucosal surface of the conjunctiva, the edge of the orbicularis, and the cutaneous epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034873 bodily gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Any substance in the body or expelled from the body that is in a gaseous state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034874 air in respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034947 gas in respiratory system Any portion of gas located in a part of the respiratory system that is composed primarily of air. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034876 future neurohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure The outgrowth of neuroectoderm located on the floor of the embryonic hypothalamus that gives rise to the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) of the pituitary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034878 prechordal mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure The area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034898 alveolar ridge of premaxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004103 alveolar ridge The thickened ridge of bone that contains the tooth sockets on the premaxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034901 cervical sympathetic nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004295 sympathetic nerve trunk The cervical ganglia are paravertebral ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. These emerging postganglionic nerves synapse with preganglionic nerves from the thoracic spinal cord. They consist of three paravertebral ganglia: superior cervical ganglion middle cervical ganglion inferior cervical ganglion. The inferior ganglion may be fused with the first thoracic ganglion to form a single structure, the stellate ganglion. Nerves emerging from cervical sympathetic ganglia contribute to the cardiac plexus, among other things. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034903 left atrium endocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002166 endocardium of atrium Endocardium that is part of the left atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034907 pineal parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005158 parenchyma of central nervous system Parenchymal tissue that forms the pineal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034908 scapular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014892 skeletal muscle organ, vertebrate Any of the muscles that are responsible for moving the scapula. In humans these are the levator scapulae, the infraspinatus muscle, the teres major, the teres minor, and the supraspinatus muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034909 intermaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009199 facial suture A cranial suture in the midline of the skull that connects the left and right maxilla bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure An multicellular anatomical structure that has subparts of multiple organs as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A cluster of cells, largely surrounded by a morphological boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034923 disconnected anatomical group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity consisting of multiple anatomical structures that are not connected to each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity A collection of anatomical structures that are alike in terms of their morphology or developmental origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034926 anatomical row http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034925 anatomical collection An anatomical collection that is arranged in a line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A region or zone on the surface of an organism that encompasses skin and any adnexa, down through muscles and bounded by underlying skeletal support structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034931 perforant path http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007702 tract of brain A pathway of fibers originating in the lateral part of the entorhinal area, perforating the subiculum of the hippocampus, and running into the stratum moleculare of the hippocampus, where these fibers synapse with others that go to the dentate gyrus. (Dorland, 28th ed). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034932 epithelium of biliary system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium The epithelial layer covering the biliary system. This includes the epithelium of the gallbladder (when present) as well as the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034933 layer of smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018260 layer of muscle tissue Any organ component layer that consists of smooth muscle tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000004 collection of hair on external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014382 collection of hairs on head or neck A collection of hairs that grows on the external ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000006 collection of hair on forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010165 collection of hair on face A collection of hairs that grows on the forehead. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000015 skin of snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face A zone of skin that is part of the snout. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000020 collection of hair on snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010165 collection of hair on face A collection of hairs that grows on the snout. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000021 skin of face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001084 skin of head A zone of skin that is part of the face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000022 Zymbal's gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015251 modified sebaceous gland A multilobulated modified sebaceous gland that is located at the base of the external ear, lined by stratified squamous epithelium, and secretes into the auditory canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000023 spleen pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure The parenchyma of the spleen, consisting of lymphocytes and macrophages. It lies between the splenic trabecula. Red pulp is the part suffused with blood and white pulp consists of areas of lymphatic tissue where there are sleeves of lymphocytes and macrophages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1000024 parenchyma of spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A parenchyma that is part of a spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000120 lateral line ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Ganglion that develops from a cranial ectodermal placode and contains sensory neurons that innervate a lateral line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001269 regenerating fin/limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007567 regenerating anatomical structure Fin or limb undergoing the process of regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001388 epithelial mesenchymal boundary of regenerating fin/limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012437 epithelial-mesenchymal boundary An epithelial-mesenchymal boundary that is part of a regenerating fin/limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001389 regeneration epithelium of fin/limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that is part of a regenerating fin/limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001457 postcranial axial cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007844 cartilage element Cartilage which is part of the axial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001626 premaxillary tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003267 tooth of upper jaw Tooth that is attached to the premaxilla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001947 hyomandibular-otic region joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint Joint that articulates the hyomandibular cartilage or bone and otic region cartilage or sphenotic bone, and often pterotic bone and prootic bone. Hyomandibular-otic region joint is paired. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001950 inter-premaxillary joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint Joint that articulates the left and right premaxillary bones. Inter-premaxillary joint is unpaired. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2002038 basioccipital-exoccipital joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 skeletal joint Joint that articulates the basioccipital and exoccipital. Basioccipital-exoccipital joint is paired. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2002260 premaxillary-maxillary joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001950 inter-premaxillary joint Joint that articulates the premaxilla and maxilla. Premaxillary-maxillary joint is paired. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2005260 fenestrated capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004638 blood vessel endothelium Capillary that has pores in the endothelial cells (60-80 nm in diameter) that are spanned by a diaphragm of radially oriented fibrils and allow small molecules and limited amounts of protein to diffuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2007013 preplacodal ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005497 non-neural ectoderm Non neural ectoderm that surrounds the presumptive neural plate and gives rise to neurogenic placodes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000961 external integument structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003102 surface structure Structures of the dermis, epidermis, glands and pigment cells recognizable on the external surfaces of the integument. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000972 head external integument structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000961 external integument structure Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the external head integument. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000977 body external integument structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000961 external integument structure Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the body integument. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000981 limb external integument structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000961 external integument structure Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the limb integument. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000982 tail external integument structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000961 external integument structure Dermal, epidermal, glandular and pigment structures of the tail integument. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3010200 vasculature of respiratory integument http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003504 respiratory system blood vessel Blood vessels in respiratory skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3010654 rectus cervicis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000224 hyobranchial muscle Retracts the hyoid and, therefore, the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3010692 m. cucullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010891 pectoral complex muscle Muscle which originates on the prootic and the otic ramus of the squamosal and inserts on the anterior border of the suprascapula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000013 mineralized skeletal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004755 skeletal tissue Skeletal tissue that is mineralized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000020 mineralized extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Extracellular matrix that is mineralized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000115 mineralized bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000013 mineralized skeletal tissue Bone tissue mineralized with hydroxyapatite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000118 cellular bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4000115 mineralized bone tissue Mineralized bone tissue that always includes non-terminally differentiated osteoblasts and osteocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004529 anatomical projection Anatomical projection that is composed of bone or cartilage tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4200215 suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002209 fibrous joint Line of junction between two parts immovably connected. Modified from Henderson's Dictionary of Biological Terms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4200230 surface of bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006984 anatomical surface An anatomical surface that is part of a bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5001463 manual digit 1 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006048 digit 1 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of manual digit 1 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5001466 pedal digit plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of pedal digit plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002389 manual digit plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of manual digit plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003622 manual digit 2 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006049 digit 2 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of manual digit 2 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003623 manual digit 3 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006050 digit 3 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of manual digit 3 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003624 manual digit 4 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006051 digit 4 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of manual digit 4 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003625 manual digit 5 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006052 digit 5 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of manual digit 5 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003631 pedal digit 1 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006048 digit 1 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of pedal digit 1 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003632 pedal digit 2 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006049 digit 2 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of pedal digit 2 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003633 pedal digit 3 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006050 digit 3 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of pedal digit 3 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003634 pedal digit 4 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006051 digit 4 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of pedal digit 4 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5003635 pedal digit 5 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006052 digit 5 plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of pedal digit 5 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006048 digit 1 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit 1 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006049 digit 2 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit 2 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006050 digit 3 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit 3 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006051 digit 4 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit 4 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5006052 digit 5 plus metapodial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5002544 digit plus metapodial segment A subdivision of the autopod consisting of digit 5 plus the region incorporating a single metapodial element. These segments are typically repeated along the pre-axiom to post-axial axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5101463 manual digit 1 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106048 digit 1 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of manual digit 1 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5101466 pedal digit digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of pedal digit plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102389 manual digit digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of manual digit plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010712 limb skeleton subdivision A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of a single digit plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103622 manual digit 2 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106049 digit 2 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of manual digit 2 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103623 manual digit 3 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106050 digit 3 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of manual digit 3 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103624 manual digit 4 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106051 digit 4 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of manual digit 4 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103625 manual digit 5 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106052 digit 5 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of manual digit 5 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103631 pedal digit 1 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106048 digit 1 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of pedal digit 1 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103632 pedal digit 2 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106049 digit 2 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of pedal digit 2 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103633 pedal digit 3 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106050 digit 3 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of pedal digit 3 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103634 pedal digit 4 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106051 digit 4 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of pedal digit 4 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5103635 pedal digit 5 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106052 digit 5 digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of pedal digit 5 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106048 digit 1 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of digit 1 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106049 digit 2 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of digit 2 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106050 digit 3 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of digit 3 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106051 digit 4 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of digit 4 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5106052 digit 5 digitopodial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_5102544 individual digit of digitopodial skeleton A subdivision of the skeleton of the autopod consisting of the phalanges of digit 5 plus the associated metapodial element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003457 V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human RAG1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003460 V(D)J recombination-activating protein 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human RAG2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003516 lactosylceramide 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human A4GALT gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003777 adiponectin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human ADIPOQ gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003809 alpha-fetoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human AFP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003847 angiotensinogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025875 serpin A serpin that is a translation product of the human AGT gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003918 albumin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human ALB gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003968 alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human ALPL gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000004155 apolipoprotein E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human APOE gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000005307 CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CEBPA gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000005867 corticoliberin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CRH gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000005897 C-reactive protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CRP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000006611 DNA nucleotidylexotransferase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human DNTT gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007034 elastin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human ELN gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007141 erythropoietin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human EPO gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007499 fibroblast growth factor 8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human FGF8 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007597 protein c-Fos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human FOS gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007636 forkhead box protein N1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human FOXN1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007785 glutamate decarboxylase 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GAD1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007856 gastrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GAST gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007857 erythroid transcription factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GATA1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007858 endothelial transcription factor GATA-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GATA2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007891 pro-glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GCG gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000007939 glial fibrillary acidic protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GFAP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000008056 glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GLUD1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000008153 aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GOT1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000008208 alanine aminotransferase 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000050219 alanine aminotransferase An alanine aminotransferase that is a translation product of the human GPT gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000008924 interferon beta 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000024939 interferon beta An interferon beta that is a translation product of the human IFNB1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025848 type I interferon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that consists solely of an Interferon alpha/beta domain (Pfam:PF00143) and which binds to a specific cell surface receptor complex known as the IFN-alpha receptor (IFNAR), a heterodimer of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 chains. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029968 somatotropin hormone family member http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a standalone version of the Hormone_1 domain (Pfam:PF00103). In the immature form, the domain is preceded by a signal peptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000028527 casein derived peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A proteolytic cleavage product that is derived from any of the casein milk proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000030026 CALCA gene translation product (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CALCA gene translation product that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01730 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD4 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08514 integrin alpha-IIb (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009127 integrin alpha-IIb An integrin alpha-IIb that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_O89103 complement component C1q receptor (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A complement component C1q receptor that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01101 protein c-Fos (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A protein c-Fos that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01590 interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01731 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01831 Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P02686 myelin basic protein (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000010228 myelin basic protein A myelin basic protein that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P02724 glycophorin-A (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A glycophorin-A that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P03995 glial fibrillary acidic protein (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A glial fibrillary acidic protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P04053 DNA nucleotidylexotransferase (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A DNA nucleotidylexotransferase that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P04216 Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P04370 myelin basic protein (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000010228 myelin basic protein A myelin basic protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P05532 mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A mast/stem cell growth factor receptor that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P05533 lymphocyte antigen 6A-2/6E-1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A lymphocyte antigen 6A-2/6E-1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P05555 integrin alpha-M (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An integrin alpha-M that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P06127 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P06332 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD4 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P06734 low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P06800 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P06879 prolactin (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013246 prolactin A prolactin that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08071 lactotransferrin (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009978 lactotransferrin A lactotransferrin that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08101 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08508 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08571 monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD14 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08920 T-cell surface antigen CD2 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD2 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P09326 CD48 antigen (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD48 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P09564 T-cell antigen CD7 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD7 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P09838 DNA nucleotidylexotransferase (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A DNA nucleotidylexotransferase that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P35456 urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P35461 lymphocyte antigen 6G (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A lymphocyte antigen 6G that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P35918 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P37237 fibroblast growth factor 8 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A fibroblast growth factor 8 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P41272 CD27 antigen (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD27 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P41597 C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A C-C chemokine receptor type 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P43235 cathepsin K (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A cathepsin K that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q00342 receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q02548 paired box protein Pax-5 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A paired box protein PAX-5 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q02650 paired box protein Pax-5 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A paired box protein PAX-5 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q05117 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q07075 glutamyl aminopeptidase (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A glutamyl aminopeptidase that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q07763 natural killer cell receptor 2B4 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A natural killer cell receptor 2B4 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q8VBX4 C-type lectin domain family 4 member K (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A C-type lectin domain family 4 member K that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q8VCC9 spondin-1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A spondin-1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9NPC4 lactosylceramide 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A lactosylceramide 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9NPY3 complement component C1q receptor (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A complement component C1q receptor that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9QUM0 integrin alpha-IIb (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009127 integrin alpha-IIb An integrin alpha-IIb that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9QUM4 signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A SLAM family member 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9WTK5 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011178 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit A nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034945 excreted gas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034873 bodily gas Any gaseous product of an excretory process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034946 gas excreted from digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034945 excreted gas Any excreted gas that is produced by the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035371 retroperitoneal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002075 viscus A lymph node located in the retroperitoneal space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_119 hemorrhage and non-specified extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_105 circulatory disorder Abnormal release of whole blood or the cellular component from the circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_120 ecchymosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_119 hemorrhage and non-specified extravasation A red/purple patch caused by extravasation of blood into the skin. Larger than petechiae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_156 parakeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_154 hyperkeratosis Thickening of the surface cell layer of a stratified squamous epithelium with retention of nuclei in the cells of the stratum corneum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_181 fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_176 connective tissue replacement Reactive formation of fibrous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_184 sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_176 connective tissue replacement Any pathological thickening or hardening of a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_195 arthritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_212 inflammation Inflammation of a joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_197 glomerulonephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_212 inflammation Renal disease characterised by diffuse inflammatory changes in glomeruli not in response to an infectious agent or treatment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_28 atherosclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_25 tissue specific degenerative process Characterised by irregular lipid deposits in the wall of arteries, causing narrowing of their lumens and proceeding eventually to fibrosis and calcification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_31 emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_25 tissue specific degenerative process Abnormal accumulation of air in the interstitial connective tissue of a structure. Sensu Lung: Pulmonary emphysema; characterised by abnormal increase in the size of air (alveolar) spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole with degenerative changes in their walls and reduction in their number. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_476 telangiectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_474 ectasia A lesion formed by a dilated capillary or terminal artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_579 ulcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_1 cell and tissue damage Loss of epithelium and the basement membrane (full thickness). Cf Erosion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_608 abscess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_607 healing and repair structure A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate frequently associated with swelling and other signs of inflammation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_615 cardiomyopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_25 tissue specific degenerative process A disease of the heart muscle or myocardium proper. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_68 diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_56 developmental or adult structural defect A blind ended outpouching through the wall of a tubular organ or bounded cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_70 fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_56 developmental or adult structural defect An abnormal passage between two internal organs or leading from a cavity to the body surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_74 hamartoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_56 developmental or adult structural defect A focal malformation resembling a neoplasm which results from faulty development of an organ; composed of an abnormal mixture of tissue elements, or an abnormal proportion of a single element. Growth and location are usually normal for that tissue cf. Heterotopia/Choristoma MPATH:76/MPATH:477. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_90 aneurysm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_56 developmental or adult structural defect Localised dilation of an artery or heart chamber usually due to an acquired or congenital weakness of the wall of the artery or chamber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000011 social behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "A behavior that occurs predominantly or only, in individuals that are part of a group." [Wikipedia:Social_behavior] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000063 regulation of eating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002436 regulation of feeding behavior A feeding behavior associated with the intake or the frequency of intake or preference or manner of intake of food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior "The action, reaction, or performance of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli." [GO:GO\:0007610] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035550 superficial vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein Any of the veins carrying deoxygenated blood from the subcutaneous tissue layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061853 regulation of neuroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061854 positive regulation of neuroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030335 positive regulation of cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061855 negative regulation of neuroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030336 negative regulation of cell migration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061856 Golgi calcium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032472 Golgi calcium ion transport A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a Golgi membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020423 abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006036 abnormal mitochondrial physiology Any anomaly in the the growth and division of pre-existing mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity that forms the outermost boundary of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110020 regulation of actomyosin structure organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032956 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures containing both actin and myosin or paramyosin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020462 abnormal megakaryocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002413 abnormal megakaryocyte progenitor cell morphology any anomaly in the number of the progenitor cells of the thrombocytic (platelet) line of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020463 increased megakaryocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020462 abnormal megakaryocyte progenitor cell number increase in the number of the progenitor cells of the thrombocytic (platelet) line of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020464 decreased megakaryocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020462 abnormal megakaryocyte progenitor cell number decrease in the number of the progenitor cells of the thrombocytic (platelet) line of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020465 abnormal megakaryocyte progenitor cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009278 abnormal bone marrow cell physiology any functional anomaly in the earliest cytologically identifiable precursor in the thrombocytic series http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020466 increased megakaryocyte progenitor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020465 abnormal megakaryocyte progenitor cell physiology anomaly in the ability of the progenitor cells of the thrombocytic (platelet) line of cells to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020467 abnormal circadian behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021121 abnormal rhythmic behavior any anomaly in the specific behavior of an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020468 abnormal circadian behavior period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020467 abnormal circadian behavior any change in the cycle length of a behavior expressed when exposed to constant conditions without temporal cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020469 prolonged circadian behavior period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020468 abnormal circadian behavior period increase in the cycle length of a behavior expressed when exposed to constant conditions without temporal cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020470 shortened circadian behavior period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020468 abnormal circadian behavior period decrease in the cycle length of a behavior expressed when exposed to constant conditions without temporal cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020471 abnormal circadian behavior persistence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020467 abnormal circadian behavior anomaly in the ability for an animal to retain a circadian behavior when time cues are removed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020472 arrhythmic circadian behavior persistence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020471 abnormal circadian behavior persistence loss of a behavioral rhythmic pattern upon removal of time cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020473 abnormal circadian behavior phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020467 abnormal circadian behavior anomaly in the phase relationship between a temporal synchronizing event (such as light cycle) and a behavioral phase reference point of an animal (such as activity onset) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020474 advanced circadian behavior phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020473 abnormal circadian behavior phase increase in the phase relationship between a temporal synchronizing event (such as light cycle) and a behavioral phase reference point of an animal (such as activity onset) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020475 delayed circadian behavior phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020473 abnormal circadian behavior phase decrease in the phase relationship between a temporal synchronizing event (such as light cycle) and a behavioral phase reference point of an animal (such as activity onset) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020476 abnormal circardian behavior entrainment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020467 abnormal circadian behavior anomaly in the synchronization of a circadian behavior to environmental time cues such as light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020477 abnormal locomotor circadian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020467 abnormal circadian behavior any anomaly in the rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020478 abnormal circadian sleep/wake cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020467 abnormal circadian behavior any anomaly in the cycle from wakefulness through an orderly succession of sleep states and stages that occurs on an approximately 24 hour rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020479 abnormal circadian hormone homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the process in which an organism modulates its hormone levels at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020480 abnormal ultradian rhythm behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021121 abnormal rhythmic behavior any anomaly in the specific behavioral actions or reactions of an organism that recur with a regularity more frequent than every 24 hours http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030170 absent mandibular symphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001649 abnormal mandibular symphysis morphology absence of the fibrocartilagenous union of the two halves of the mandible (embryonic stages) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030171 absent extraocular muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013929 absent eye muscles missing the striated muscles that are located within the orbit but are extrinsic and separate from the eyeball itself and control the movements of the eyeball and the superior eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030172 abnormal eyelid muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the muscles that attach to an eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030173 abnormal orbicularis oculi muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030172 abnormal eyelid muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the ring-like (sphincter) facial muscle composed of skeletal muscle fibers and arranged in concentric bands around the upper and lower eyelids; its function is to close the eyelids, and to help in the passing and draining of tears through the punctum, canaliculi, and lacrimal sac, all parts of the tear drainage system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030174 absent orbicularis oculi muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013929 absent eye muscles absence of the ring-like (sphincter) facial muscle composed of skeletal muscle fibers and arranged in concentric bands around the upper and lower eyelids; its primary function is to close the eyelids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030175 orbicularis oculi muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030426 facial muscle hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the orbicularis oculi muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030176 abnormal levator labii superioris muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the facial muscle that is shaped like a broad, flat sheet, the origin of which extends from the side of the nose to the zygomatic bone; its main function is to elevate the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030177 absent levator labii superioris muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030040 absent facial muscle missing the facial muscle that is shaped like a broad, flat sheet, the origin of which extends from the side of the nose to the zygomatic bone; its main function is to elevate the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030178 abnormal scalp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology any structural anomaly of the soft tissue envelope of the cranial vault that extends from the external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal lines to the supraorbital margins; it consists of 5 layers: the skin (and head hair), connective tissue, epicranial aponeurosis, loose areolar tissue, and pericranium; the first 3 layers are bound together as a single unit that can move along the loose areolar tissue over the pericranium, which is adherent to the calvaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030179 abnormal oral epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the stratified squamous epithelium that forms part of the oral mucosa and lines the inner aspect of the oral cavity; depending on the mouth region, the epithelium may be non-keratinized or keratinized; non-keratinized squamous epithelium covers the soft palate, inner lips, inner cheeks, and the floor of the mouth, and ventral surface of the tongue; keratinized squamous epithelium is present in the attached gingiva and hard palate as well as areas of the dorsal surface of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030180 abnormal nasal fin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030179 abnormal oral epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the transient epithelial seam that develops by fusion between the epithelial linings of the medial and lateral nasal swellings; shortly after its formation the nasal fin regresses and is replaced by mesenchyme, with exception of its most posterior portion which remains as the bucconasal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030181 persistent nasal fins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030180 abnormal nasal fin morphology failure of the nasal fins to rupture during development leading to choanal obstruction/atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030182 abnormal oronasal membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030180 abnormal nasal fin morphology any structural anomaly of the thin, transient epithelial sheet which separates the primordial nasal cavity from the stomatodeum; in mammals, bucconasal membranes demarcate the locations of the paired primitive choanae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030183 persistent oronasal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030182 abnormal oronasal membrane morphology failure of the oronasal membrane to rupture during development leading to choanal obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030184 abnormal zygomaticus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the zygomaticus major and/or minor facial muscles that originate from the body of the zygoma and pass downwards to insert into the corner of the mouth and lateral aspect of the upper lip, respectively; these muscles receive their nerve supply on their deep surface from the zygomatic and buccal branches of the facial nerve and lift the corners of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030185 abnormal minor zygomaticus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030184 abnormal zygomaticus muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the slender band of muscle on each side of the face that arises from the zygomatic bone, inserts into the upper lip between the zygomaticus major and the levator labii superioris, and acts to raise the upper lip upward and laterally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030186 abnormal major zygomaticus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030184 abnormal zygomaticus muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the slender band of muscle on each side of the face that arises from the zygomatic bone, inserts into the orbicularis oris and skin at the corner of the mouth, and acts to pull the corner of the mouth upward and backward when smiling or laughing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030187 abnormal epitympanic recess morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030154 abnormal tympanic cavity morphology any structural anomaly of the upper portion of the tympanic cavity located above the tympanic membrane; it contains the head of the malleus and the body of the incus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030188 round snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology appearance of the anterior facial part of the face or muzzle containing the oral and nasal regions is more circular than usual http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030189 broad snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology increased width of the anterior facial part of the face or muzzle containing the oral and nasal regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030191 narrow snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030190 small snout decreased width of the anterior facial part of the face or muzzle containing the oral and nasal regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030192 downturned snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology muzzle has a curve or tilt such that the tip points downwards http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030193 short philtrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012256 abnormal philtrum morphology decreased length of the vertical groove found on the median line of the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030194 abnormal intermaxillary suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030230 abnormal facial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior median suture between the two maxillae of the upper jawbone, located between the inferior border of the nasal aperture and the central incisor teeth; it usually ossifies later in life and becomes a synostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030195 abnormal internasal suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030230 abnormal facial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the cranial suture found between the left and right nasal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030196 abnormal nasomaxillary suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030230 abnormal facial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the cranial suture found between the nasal bone and the frontal process of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030197 small nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002239 abnormal nasal septum morphology reduced size of the dividing wall that runs down the midline of the nose, separating the nasal cavity into the two nostrils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030198 nasal septum hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030197 small nasal septum decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the nasal septum, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030199 deviated nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002239 abnormal nasal septum morphology displacement of the nasal septum in which the top of the cartilaginous ridge leans to the left or the right, causing obstruction of the affected nasal passage; normally, the septum lies centrally, and thus the nasal passages are symmetrical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030200 abnormal nasal septum cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031449 abnormal nasal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the hyaline cartilage of the nasal septum that is somewhat quadrilateral in shape, thicker at its margins than at its center, and completes the separation between the nasal cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030201 absent nasal septum cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030200 abnormal nasal septum cartilage morphology absence of the hyaline cartilage of the nasal septum that is somewhat quadrilateral in shape, thicker at its margins than at its center, and completes the separation between the nasal cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030202 nasal septum cartilage hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031450 nasal cartilage hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the nasal septum cartilage, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030203 short nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030197 small nasal septum reduced length of the dividing wall that runs down the midline of the nose, separating the nasal cavity into the two nostrils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030204 large nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002239 abnormal nasal septum morphology increased size of the dividing wall that runs down the midline of the nose, separating the nasal cavity into the two nostrils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030205 thick nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030204 large nasal septum increased width of the dividing wall that runs down the midline of the nose, separating the nasal cavity into the two nostrils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030206 thin nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030197 small nasal septum decreased width of the dividing wall that runs down the midline of the nose, separating the nasal cavity into the two nostrils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030207 absent zygomaticus muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030040 absent facial muscle absence of the zygomaticus major and/or minor facial muscles that originate from the body of the zygoma and pass downwards to insert into the corner of the mouth and lateral aspect of the upper lip, respectively http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030208 abnormal intrinsic tongue muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004136 abnormal tongue muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the four paired muscles that originate and insert within the tongue, running along its length; these muscles alter the shape of the tongue by lengthening and shortening it, curling and uncurling its apex and edges, and flattening and rounding its surface; they include the superior longitudinal muscle, the inferior longitudinal muscle, the vertical muscle, and the transverse muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030209 abnormal extrinsic tongue muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004136 abnormal tongue muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the four paired muscles that originate outside of and insert into the tongue and act to alter the position of the tongue, allowing for protrusion, retraction, and side-to-side movement; these muscles include the genioglossus, the hyoglossus (often including the chondroglossus), the styloglossus, and the palatoglossus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030210 abnormal genioglossus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030209 abnormal extrinsic tongue muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the paired, fan-shaped extrinsic tongue muscle which forms the majority of the body of the tongue, arises from the mental spine of the mandible and inserts into the hyoid bone and the bottom of the tongue; its action protracts and depresses the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030211 abnormal styloglossus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030209 abnormal extrinsic tongue muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the paired extrinsic tongue muscle that arises from the anterior surface of the styloid process of the mastoid bone and the proximal quarter of the stylohyoid ligament; it passes inferiorly and anteriorly to insert into the side and inferior aspects of the tongue; the muscle fibers of styloglossus merge with those of the hyoglossus; its action aids to retract the tongue and draw up the sides of the tongue to create a trough for swallowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030212 abnormal hyoglossus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030209 abnormal extrinsic tongue muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the thin, quadrilateral extrinsic tongue muscle that arises from the side of the body and from the whole length of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone, and passes almost vertically upward to enter the side of the tongue, between the styloglossus and the inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue; its action depresses and retracts the tongue and makes the dorsum more convex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030213 gonial bone hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008383 enlarged gonial bone increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gonial bone, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030214 muscle fasciculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009046 muscle twitch small, local, involuntary muscle contractions affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement visible under the skin; fasciculations result from increased irritability of an axon (which in turn is often a manifestation of disease of a motor neuron); this leads to sporadic discharges of all the muscle fibers controlled by the axon in isolation from other motor units http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030215 facial muscle fasciculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030214 muscle fasciculation fasciculations affecting the musculature of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030216 tongue muscle fasciculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030214 muscle fasciculation fasciculations affecting the tongue muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030217 abnormal piriform aperture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the pear-shaped bony inlet comprising the most anterior and narrowest bony portion of the nasal airway, formed by the nasal and maxillary bones; the maxillary spines mark the inferior margin of the piriform aperture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030218 piriform aperture stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030217 abnormal piriform aperture morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the pear-shaped bony inlet comprising the most anterior and narrowest bony portion of the nasal airway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030219 jaw cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained within pathologically formed cavities in the jaw; also non-epithelial cysts (pseudocysts) as they apply to the jaw, e.g., traumatic or solitary cyst, static bone cavity, and aneurysmal bone cyst; true jaw cysts are classified as odontogenic or non-odontogenic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030220 mandibular cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030219 jaw cyst presence of one or more saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained within pathologically formed cavities in the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030221 maxillary cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030219 jaw cyst presence of one or more saccular lesions lined with epithelium and contained within pathologically formed cavities in the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030222 hyperostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology excessive growth or abnormal thickening of bone tissue; it may lead to exostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030223 mandibular hyperostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030418 facial hyperostosis hyperostosis (bony overgrowth) of the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150034 distal axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity That part of an axon close to and including the growth cone or the axon terminus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062042 regulation of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010717 regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062043 positive regulation of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010718 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Any process that starts or increases the rate, frequency or extent of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062044 negative regulation of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010719 negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Any process that stops or decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020841 abnormal supporting cell of carotid body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003437 abnormal carotid body morphology any structural anomaly of the supporting cells of the carotid body that have characteristics of glial cells and with processes that envelope the junctions between glomus cells and nerve endings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020843 abnormal type I cell of carotid body physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010055 abnormal sensory neuron physiology any functional anomaly of the round or oval neuroepithelial cells in the carotid body that contact other type I cells or capillaries and are capable of secreting a number of neurotransmitters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030729 abnormal beta-alanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine; it occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030658 increased glycine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030657 abnormal glycine level increase in the amount of glycine, the simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030591 absent sperm fibrous sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030590 abnormal sperm fibrous sheath morphology missing the unique cytoskeletal component of the principal-piece segment of the sperm flagellum which surrounds the axoneme and outer dense fibers and contains two longitudinal columns that are connected by closely organized semicircular transverse ribs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020878 abnormal milk mineral level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004047 abnormal milk composition any anomaly in the concentration of one or more minerals in the milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020880 abnormal milk calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020879 abnormal calcium level any anomaly in the concentration in the milk of calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020881 abnormal milk copper level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020878 abnormal milk mineral level any anomaly in the concentration of copper in the milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020882 abnormal milk iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020878 abnormal milk mineral level any anomaly in the concentration of iron in the milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020884 abnormal milk magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020883 abnormal magnesium level any anomaly in the concentration of magnesium in milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020886 abnormal milk phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020885 abnormal phosphate level any anomaly in the milk concentrations of the salt or ester of phosphoric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020888 abnormal milk potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020887 abnormal potassium level any anomaly in the concentration of potassium in milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020890 abnormal milk sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020889 abnormal sodium level any anomaly in the concentration of sodium in milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020892 abnormal milk sulfate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020891 abnormal sulfate level any anomaly in the concentration of sulfate (sulfur) in milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020894 abnormal milk zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020878 abnormal milk mineral level any anomaly in the concentration of zinc in milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150111 regulation of transepithelial transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transepithelial transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001082 immature innate lymphoid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001065 innate lymphoid cell An innate lyphoid cell with an immature phenotype. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011115 precursor cell A precursor cell that has a tendency to differentiate into a specific type of cell. They are descendants of stem cells, only they are more constrained in their differentiation potential or capacity for self-renewal, and are often more limited in both senses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019017 lymphatic vessel smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000359 vascular associated smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of any lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000359 vascular associated smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of any blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019019 tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A smooth muscle cell that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8000009 Purkinje fiber network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle A collection of Purkinje fibers that receives signals from the right and left bundle branches and innervates the ventricular cardiac muscle. The Purkinje fiber network creates synchronized contractions of the heart ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8400021 liver serosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure Hepatic serous coat; peritoneal covering of the liver, enclosing almost all except for a triangular area on its posterior surface (the 'bare area of the liver') and a smaller area where the liver and gallbladder are in direct contact. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8400023 liver subserosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012375 subserosa Subserosal tissue of liver. A zone of areolar connective tissue lying beneath the serous coat of the liver and distinguished with difficulty from the fibrous capsule of Glisson. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8400024 subcapsular region of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001280 liver parenchyma Region of liver parenchyma immediately below the capsule. This region is frequently specified in pathology diagnoses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410000 duodeno-jejunal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410024 intestinal junction The anatomical junction between the duodenum and the jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410016 descending sigmoid junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410024 intestinal junction The anatomical junction between the descending colon and the sigmoid colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410017 left colic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002017 portal vein A portal vein that drains the descending colon. It is a tributary of the inferior mesenteric vein, and follows the path of its corresponding artery, the left colic artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410018 right colic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002017 portal vein A portal vein that drains the ascending colon. It is a tributary of the superior mesenteric vein, and travels with its corresponding artery, the right colic artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410019 jejuno-ileal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410024 intestinal junction The area where the jejunum ends and the ileum part of the intestine begins. Although there is no clear distinct section, the ileum is narrower and has smaller villi than the jejunum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410021 inguinal region skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003836 abdominal segment skin The skin covering the inguinal region between the abdomen and the thigh on either side of the pubic bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410033 lymph node vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein where lymph node venules condense and which exits at the lymph node hilum. It is also called hilar vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410034 lymph node artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery An artery that enters the lymph node at the hilum and branches into smaller arterioles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167559 glycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78616 carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives Any oligosaccharide, polysaccharide or their derivatives consisting of monosaccharides or monosaccharide derivatives linked by glycosidic bonds. See also http://www.ontobee.org/ontology/GNO?iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GNO_00000001. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070002 basket cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070026 multipolar neuron morphology A cell morphology that inheres in multipolar neurons with densely branched terminal axonal arborizations that form basket-like structures surrounding and synapsing to the somas of target cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070006 cortical bipolar morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070027 bitufted dendrite cell morphology A cell morphology that inheres in neurons which have two principal dendrites that emerge from the soma and begin to branch some distance from it, have few spines, and branch in narrow fields. This is in contrast to bitufted morphology where branching occurs close to the soma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070026 multipolar neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0010006 cell morphology A cell morphology that inheres in neurons which possess three or more neurites, usually a single axon and many dendrites and dendritic branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023154 myelinating glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell A glial cell that myelinates axonal processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021121 abnormal rhythmic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior any anomaly in any specific action or reaction of an organism that recurs with measured regularity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021108 intestinal epithelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000488 abnormal intestinal epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the intestinal epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021109 intestinal epithelium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000488 abnormal intestinal epithelium morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the intestinal epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021110 increased social investigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001360 abnormal social investigation increase in the tendency for animals to approach and examine conspecifics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021112 impaired social recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020396 abnormal social recognition reduction in the ability of an individual to recognize another individual of the same species during repeated encounters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021113 enhanced social recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020396 abnormal social recognition increase in the ability of an individual to recognize another individual of the same species during repeated encounters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021114 social amnesia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021112 impaired social recognition inability of an individual to recognize another individual of the same species during repeated encounters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021116 abnormal heterospecific interaction behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior any anomaly in the normal behavior of a mammal(s) in response to encountering or engaging with a member(s) of another species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021118 abnormal paternal behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002068 abnormal parental behavior any anomaly in any response from the father or attending male related to the ability of young to thrive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021119 abnormal auditory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014114 abnormal cognition any anomaly in a behavior related to the actions or reactions of an organism in response to a sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021120 abnormal visual behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014114 abnormal cognition any anomaly in a behavior related to the actions or reactions of an organism in response to a visual stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021122 abnormal trimethylamine N-oxide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the amount of the tertiary amine oxide resulting from the oxidation typically by gut bacteria of the amino group of trimethylamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021123 increased trimethylamine N-oxide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021122 abnormal trimethylamine N-oxide level elevation in the amount of the tertiary amine oxide resulting from the oxidation typically by gut bacteria of the amino group of trimethylamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021124 decreased trimethylamine N-oxide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021122 abnormal trimethylamine N-oxide level reduction in the amount of the tertiary amine oxide resulting from the oxidation typically by gut bacteria of the amino group of trimethylamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021125 abnormal phosphocholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030752 abnormal choline level any anomaly in the amount of the phosphate of choline an intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021126 increased phosphocholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021125 abnormal phosphocholine level greater than the normal amount of the phosphate of choline an intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021127 decreased phosphocholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021125 abnormal phosphocholine level less than the normal amount of the phosphate of choline an intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021128 increased choline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030752 abnormal choline level greater than the normal amount of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021129 abnormal glycerophosphocholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004777 abnormal phospholipid level any anomaly in the amount of the glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine, one of two major forms of choline storage (the other is phosphocholine) in the cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021130 decreased glycerophosphocholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021129 abnormal glycerophosphocholine level less than the normal amount of the glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine, one of two major forms of choline storage (the other is phosphocholine) in the cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021131 increased glycerophosphocholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021129 abnormal glycerophosphocholine level greater than the normal amount of the glycerol phosphate ester of a phosphocholine, one of two major forms of choline storage (the other is phosphocholine) in the cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021132 abnormal amino acid betaine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021145 abnormal amino acid derivative level any anomaly in the amount of the amino acid-derived zwitterion in which the ammonium nitrogen carries methyl substituents and bears no hydrogen atoms; often serving as methyl donor for various metabolic pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021133 increased amino acid betaine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021132 abnormal amino acid betaine level greater than the normal amount of the amino acid-derived zwitterion in which the ammonium nitrogen carries methyl substituents and bears no hydrogen atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021134 decreased amino acid betaine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021132 abnormal amino acid betaine level less than the normal amount of the amino acid-derived zwitterion in which the ammonium nitrogen carries methyl substituents and bears no hydrogen atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021135 abnormal annulus fibrosus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004173 abnormal intervertebral disk morphology any structural anomaly of the sturdy tire-like structure consisting of water and sturdy elastic collagen fibers that encases the gel-like center of the disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021137 abnormal wedge-shaped vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021136 abnormal vertebrae shape any anomaly in the angle between the upper endplate and the lower endplate of the vertebra such that one side is thicker than the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031373 abnormal manchette perinuclear ring morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009376 abnormal manchette morphology any structural morphology of the ring-like portion of the manchette that surrounds the base of the elongating spermatid nucleus below the acroplaxome marginal ring and plays a key role in shaping the nucleus and the sperm head; microtubules extend from the perinuclear ring into the cytoplasm and/or basal body of the spermatid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031374 abnormal manchette assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009376 abnormal manchette morphology any anomaly in the aggregation, arrangement and/or bonding together of a set of components to form a manchette http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031375 abnormal manchette disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009376 abnormal manchette morphology any anomaly in the disaggregation of a manchette into its constituent components http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031376 abnormal acrosomal vesicle exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020848 abnormal exocytosis anomaly in the calcium ion regulated exocytosis which results in fusion of the acrosomal vesicle with the plasma membrane of the sperm as part of the acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031377 ambiguous external genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002160 abnormal reproductive system morphology an external genital phenotype that is not clearly assignable to a single sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031378 ambiguous external male genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031377 ambiguous external genitalia ambiguous external genitalia in an organism with XY genetic sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031379 ambiguous external female genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031377 ambiguous external genitalia ambiguous external genitalia in an organism with XX genetic sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031380 abnormal secondary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021106 abnormal secondary ovarian follicle morphology abnormal numbers of the maturing ovarian follicle that has two or more layers of granulosa cells but lacks antra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031381 decreased secondary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031380 abnormal secondary ovarian follicle number fewer than normal numbers of the maturing ovarian follicle that has two or more layers of granulosa cells but lacks antra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031382 absent secondary ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031381 decreased secondary ovarian follicle number absence of the maturing ovarian follicle that has two or more layers of granulosa cells but lacks antra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031383 increased secondary ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031380 abnormal secondary ovarian follicle number greater than normal numbers of the maturing ovarian follicle that has two or more layers of granulosa cells but lacks antra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031384 impaired blood-brain barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005167 abnormal blood-brain barrier function reduced ability of the group of barriers and transport systems in the brain capillary endothelium to control the entry of substances into the brain extracellular space from the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031385 enhanced blood-brain barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005167 abnormal blood-brain barrier function increased ability of the group of barriers and transport systems in the brain capillary endothelium to control the entry of substances into the brain extracellular space from the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031386 elongated manchette http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009376 abnormal manchette morphology increased distance between the perinuclear ring of the manchette and the posterior portion of the spermatid nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031387 abnormal intramanchette transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001932 abnormal spermiogenesis anomaly in the movement of vesicles and protein complexes carried out by molecular motors, kinesins and dynein, along the microtubule tracks within the manchette and by myosin along actin filaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031388 absent manchette http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009376 abnormal manchette morphology absence of the conic array of microtubules that invests the posterior nucleus of a spermatid and is believed to play a role in definitive posterior head-shaping events during spermiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031389 abnormal ectoplasmic specialization morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011750 abnormal seminiferous tubule epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the testis-specific adheren junctions that are present during the seminiferous epithelial cycle of spermatogenesis at the Sertoli-Sertoli cell interface (known as the basal ES at the blood-testis barrier) or at the Sertoli-elongating spermatid interface (known as the apical ES in the adluminal compartment) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031390 myometrium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008256 abnormal myometrium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the myometrium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031391 increased locomotor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001399 hyperactivity general increase in locomotor activity; increased movement from one place to another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031393 abnormal bicarbonate homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of bicarbonate within the body or between a cell and its external environment; bicarbonate is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula HCO3- that serves a crucial role in the physiological pH buffering system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031395 cutaneous mastocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000324 increased mast cell number presence of excess mast cell numbers in any portion of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031396 abnormal aspartoacylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level any anomaly in the concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a fatty acid anion + L-aspartate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031397 increased aspartoacylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031396 abnormal aspartoacylase level elevated concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a fatty acid anion + L-aspartate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031398 decreased aspartoacylase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031396 abnormal aspartoacylase level reduced concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a fatty acid anion + L-aspartate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031399 early balanopreputial separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003378 early sexual maturation the separation of the prepuce from the glans penis (balanus), a result of the cornification of the balano-preputial epithelium, occurs at an earlier than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031400 decreased esophagus squamous cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012424 decreased alimentary system tumor incidence less than the expected number of esophageal carcinomas derived from stratified squamous epithelium, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031401 increased esophagus squamous cell carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010292 increased alimentary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of esophageal carcinomas derived from stratified squamous epithelium, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031402 decreased muscle fatigability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology decreased muscle exhaustion or decreased susceptibility to muscle exhaustion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031404 increased tubuloglomerular feedback response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011295 abnormal tubuloglomerular feedback response enhancement of the blood flow control mechanism that is operated in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney and involved in renal autoregulation by limiting changes in the glomerular filtration rate. TGF responds to changes in the concentration of NaCl in the tubular fluid at the level of the macula densa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031405 abnormal Sertoli cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003830 abnormal testis development any anomaly in the ability of a Sertoli cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031406 decreased Sertoli cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031405 abnormal Sertoli cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a Sertoli cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031407 increased Sertoli cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031405 abnormal Sertoli cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a Sertoli cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031408 multi-headed sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology presence of more than one heads per sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031409 double-headed sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031408 multi-headed sperm presence of two heads per sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031410 biflagellated sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009839 multiflagellated sperm presence of two flagella per sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031411 increased ovulation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001928 abnormal ovulation increase in the frequency in which an ovum (or ova) is/are released from a rupturing ovarian follicle(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031412 abnormal muscle triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002108 abnormal muscle morphology any anomaly in the concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031413 abnormal skeletal muscle triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031412 abnormal muscle triglyceride level any anomaly in the concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031414 decreased skeletal muscle triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031413 abnormal skeletal muscle triglyceride level less than the normal concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031415 increased skeletal muscle triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031413 abnormal skeletal muscle triglyceride level greater than the normal concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031416 abnormal cardiac muscle triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031412 abnormal muscle triglyceride level any anomaly in the concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031417 decreased cardiac muscle triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031416 abnormal cardiac muscle triglyceride level less than the normal concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031418 increased cardiac muscle triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031416 abnormal cardiac muscle triglyceride level greater than the normal concentration of naturally occurring esters of three fatty acids and glycerol in heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031419 delayed estrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009016 abnormal estrus increase in the time between the estrus phases of the estrous cycle in females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031420 decreased superovulation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009648 abnormal superovulation decreased ability of a female to be induced to ovulate resulting in fewer than the expected number of ova after treatment with specific gonadotrophic hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031421 increased superovulation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031411 increased ovulation rate increased ability of a female to be induced to ovulate resulting in greater than the expected number of ova after treatment with specific gonadotrophic hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031422 failure of superovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009648 abnormal superovulation inability of a female to be induced to ovulate after treatment with specific gonadotrophic hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014268 increased sex gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002779 abnormal sex gland secretion an increase in the production and/or release of hormones from a cell or a gland of the reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014269 decreased testes secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014267 decreased sex gland secretion reduction in the production and/or release of hormones from testicular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014270 decreased ovary secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014267 decreased sex gland secretion reduction in the production and/or release of hormones from ovarian tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014271 increased testes secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014268 increased sex gland secretion elevation in the production and/or release of hormones from testicular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014272 increased ovary secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014268 increased sex gland secretion elevation in the production and/or release of hormones from ovarian tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014273 abnormal skin vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that carries blood through the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014275 increased respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001943 abnormal respiration increase in the movement of gases into and out of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014277 alobar holoprosencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005157 holoprosencephaly the most severe forme of holoprosencaphaly with complete failure of the brain to separate into two hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014278 semilobar holoprosencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005157 holoprosencephaly a type of holoprosencephaly with partial division of the brain into two hemispheres, fusion of the hemispheres is present in the frontal and parietal lobes with the interhemispheric fissure present only in the back of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014279 abnormal intestinal rotation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014023 abnormal intestine placement any anomaly in the normal turning and fixation of the intestine during development potentially resulting in twisting of the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014280 forelimb oligodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000565 oligodactyly congenital condition in which some digits or parts of digits are missing from the autopods of the forelimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014282 forelimb syndactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000564 syndactyly any degree of webbing or fusion of the digits of the forelimb autopod, may involve only soft tissues or also can include bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014283 hindlimb syndactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000564 syndactyly any degree of webbing or fusion of the digits of the hindlimb autopod, may involve only soft tissues or also can include bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031479 increased urine xanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031480 abnormal urine xanthine level excretion of excessive amounts of xanthine in the urine; xanthine (2,6-dihydroxypurine) is a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine, but is not present in nucleic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031480 abnormal urine xanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any anomaly in the amount in the urine of xanthine (2,6-dihydroxypurine), a purine that is formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but is not present in nucleic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031481 decreased urine xanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031480 abnormal urine xanthine level a reduced amount of xanthine in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031482 abnormal urine hypoxanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any anomaly in the amount in the urine of hypoxanthine (6-hydroxy purine), an intermediate in the degradation of adenylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031483 decreased urine hypoxanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031482 abnormal urine hypoxanthine level a reduced amount of hypoxanthine in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031484 increased urine hypoxanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031482 abnormal urine hypoxanthine level an increased amount of hypoxanthine in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031485 abnormal circulating hypoxanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the amount in the blood of hypoxanthine (6-hydroxy purine), an intermediate in the degradation of adenylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031486 decreased circulating hypoxanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031485 abnormal circulating hypoxanthine level a reduced amount of hypoxanthine in the blood compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031487 increased circulating hypoxanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031485 abnormal circulating hypoxanthine level an increased amount of hypoxanthine in the blood compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031488 abnormal circulating xanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly in the amount in the blood of xanthine (2,6-dihydroxypurine), a purine that is formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but is not present in nucleic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031489 decreased circulating xanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031488 abnormal circulating xanthine level a reduced amount of xanthine in the blood compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031490 increased circulating xanthine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031488 abnormal circulating xanthine level an increased amount of xanthine in the blood compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031491 decreased oval window size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004479 abnormal oval window morphology less than average size of the oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031492 increased oval window size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004479 abnormal oval window morphology greater than average size of the oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031493 increased round window size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004480 abnormal round window morphology greater than average size of the opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; it serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031494 abnormal prenatal movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002066 abnormal motor capabilities/coordination/movement any anomaly in the movements of a developing organism within the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031495 absent prenatal movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031494 abnormal prenatal movement absence of any movements of a developing organism within the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031496 motor developmental delay http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021165 behavioral developmental delay acquisition of motor skills or milestones, including gross and/or fine motor abilities, occurs later in development compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031497 increased visual acuity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011832 abnormal visual acuity gain in visual acuity or increased ability to distinguish small details http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031498 abnormal cornea size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology deviation from the average range of cornea size for a given organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031499 decreased cornea size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031498 abnormal cornea size reduced average size of one or both corneas; generally refers to a congenital defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031500 increased cornea size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031498 abnormal cornea size increased average size of one or both corneas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031502 open mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031501 abnormal mouth shape abnormal presence of a permanently or nearly permanently opened mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031505 decreased mouth width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009880 decreased mouth size decreased side-to-side or lateral distance of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031570 enlarged atrioventricular valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology an increase in the total area occupied by either one or both of the atrioventricular valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031573 atrioventricular valve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031572 small atrioventricular valve decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in either one or both of the atrioventricular valves, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031574 thick atrioventricular valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology an increase in the ratio of an atrioventricular valve wall thickness to the atrioventricular septum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031576 abnormal heart atrium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology anomaly in the average size of either one or both of the heart atria compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031578 decreased heart left atrium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031577 decreased heart atrium size less than average size of the heart left atrium compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031579 decreased heart right atrium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031577 decreased heart atrium size less than average size of the heart right atrium compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031580 enlarged semilunar valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002746 abnormal semilunar valve morphology an increase in the total area occupied by either one or both of the semilunar valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031584 thick semilunar valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002746 abnormal semilunar valve morphology an increase in the ratio of a semilunar valve wall thickness to its corresponding arterial wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014387 decreased neuron mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011639 decreased mitochondrial DNA content less than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014393 increased muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014342 abnormal muscle fiber mitochondrial morphology greater than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014390 decreased myocardial fiber mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014386 decreased muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content less than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a myocardial fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014389 decreased skeletal muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014386 decreased muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content less than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a skeletal muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014365 impaired short-term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002800 abnormal short-term object recognition memory impaired ability of short-term memory to recognize objects during the first few minutes after training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014366 enhanced short-term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002800 abnormal short-term object recognition memory enhanced ability of short-term memory to recognize objects during the first few minutes after training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014367 impaired long-term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002801 abnormal long-term object recognition memory impairment of the long-term memory for objects that is consolidated over hours and days after training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014368 enhanced long-term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002801 abnormal long-term object recognition memory enhancement of the long-term memory for objects that is consolidated over hours and days after training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014369 enhanced spatial working memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008428 abnormal spatial working memory enhamced ability to spontaneously process spatial location information in order to navigate or perform other behavior using such location cues, without previous encounters or training at that location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014370 impaired spatial working memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008428 abnormal spatial working memory impaired ability to spontaneously process spatial location information in order to navigate or perform other behavior using such location cues, without previous encounters or training at that location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014371 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004753 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) or shape of the miniature excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014372 decreased miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014371 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude decrease in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the miniature excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014373 increased miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014371 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the miniature excitatory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014374 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004753 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents any anomaly in the number of occurrences of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014375 increased miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014374 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency increase in the number of occurrences of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014376 decreased miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014374 abnormal miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency decrease in the number of occurrences of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014377 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002910 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic currents any anomaly in the number of occurrences of excitatory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014378 increased excitatory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014377 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic current frequency increase in the number of occurrences of excitatory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014379 decreased excitatory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014377 abnormal excitatory postsynaptic current frequency decrease in the number of occurrences of excitatory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014399 decreased hematopoietic precursor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013708 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell number less than the expected number of a hematopoietic cell that is a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014400 increased hematopoietic precursor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013708 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell number greater than the expected number of a hematopoietic cell that is a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014401 absent hematopoietic precursor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014399 decreased hematopoietic precursor cell number absence of all hematopoietic cells that are a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031601 decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020353 abnormal endoplasmic reticulum stress reduction in the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen in response to stimulation by genetic or environmental factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031602 white adipose tissue inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020386 adipose tissue inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in white adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031603 brown adipose tissue inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020386 adipose tissue inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in brown adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031604 abnormal susceptibility to age-related retinal degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop retinal degeneration that is progressive with age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031605 decreased susceptibility to age-related retinal degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031604 abnormal susceptibility to age-related retinal degeneration less likely than normal to develop retinal degeneration that is progressive with age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031606 increased susceptibility to age-related retinal degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031604 abnormal susceptibility to age-related retinal degeneration more likely than normal to develop retinal degeneration that is progressive with age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031607 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008788 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in fetal and neonatal cardiomyocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031608 decreased fetal cardiomyocyte size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008788 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte morphology reduced size of the fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031609 increased fetal cardiomyocyte size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008788 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte morphology increased size of the fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031610 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008788 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte morphology any anomaly of the number of the fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031611 decreased fetal cardiomyocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031610 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte number decrease in the number of the fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031612 increased fetal cardiomyocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031610 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte number increase in the number of the fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031613 fetal cardiomyocyte disarray http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008788 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte morphology disorganization or loss of the normal orientation and/or alignment of the fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031614 fetal cardiomyocyte vacuoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008788 abnormal fetal cardiomyocyte morphology abnormal presence of fluid-filled vesicles in the cytoplasm of the fetal and neonatal heart cells that undergo proliferation and are not yet terminally differentiated into binucleate or multinucleate cardiac myocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545 electron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36338 lepton Elementary particle not affected by the strong force having a spin 1/2, a negative elementary charge and a rest mass of 0.000548579903(13) u, or 0.51099906(15) MeV. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52625 inorganic hydroxy compound An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15378 hydron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60242 monovalent inorganic cation The general name for the hydrogen nucleus, to be used without regard to the hydrogen nuclear mass (either for hydrogen in its natural abundance or where it is not desired to distinguish between the isotopes). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15422 ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37045 purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate An adenosine 5'-phosphate in which the 5'-phosphate is a triphosphate group. It is involved in the transportation of chemical energy during metabolic pathways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15428 glycine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83813 proteinogenic amino acid The simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid, with a hydrogen atom as its side chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15440 squalene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant A triterpene consisting of 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane having six double bonds at the 2-, 6-, 10-, 14-, 18- and 22-positions with (all-E)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15734 primary alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879 alcohol A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17478 aldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36586 carbonyl compound A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24315 glutamic acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of glutamic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing glutamic acid residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24436 guanidines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any organonitrogen compound containing a carbamimidamido (guanidino) group. Guanidines have the general structure (R(1)R(2)N)(R(3)R(4)N)C=N-R(5) and are related structurally to amidines and ureas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24963 ketoaldonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35381 monosaccharide Oxo carboxylic acids formally derived from aldonic acids by replacement of a secondary CHOH group by a carbonyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25029 leukotriene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23899 icosanoid Any icosanoid from that family of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives generated by leukocytes from arachidonic acid, each member having four double bonds of which three are conjugated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30212 photon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36341 boson Particle of zero charge, zero rest mass, spin quantum number 1, energy hnu and momentum hnu/c (h is the Planck constant, nu the frequency of radiation and c the speed of light), carrier of electromagnetic force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33286 agrochemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application An agrochemical is a substance that is used in agriculture or horticulture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36338 lepton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36340 fermion Lepton is a fermion that does not experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek lambdaepsilonpitauomicronsigma (small, thin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38337 pyrimidone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39447 pyrimidines A pyrimidine carrying one or more oxo substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38975 methylbenzene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38976 alkylbenzene Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50401 cholestanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid Any steroid based on a cholestane skeleton and its derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52640 N-acylethanolamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15734 primary alcohol An ethanolamine substituted at nitrogen by an acyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77746 human metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75768 mammalian metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78574 pyrimidinecarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39447 pyrimidines Any pyrimidine that bears one or more carboxylic acid substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16385 organic sulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26822 sulfide Compounds having the structure RSR (R =/= H). Such compounds were once called thioethers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17272 propionate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78113 fatty acid anion 3:0 The conjugate base of propionic acid; a key precursor in lipid biosynthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17754 glycerol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17522 alditol A triol with a structure of propane substituted at positions 1, 2 and 3 by hydroxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18258 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24864 iodothyronine An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22860 amino-acid betaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83821 amino acid derivative Any amino acid-derived zwitterion - such as glycine betaine (N,N,N-trimethylammonioacetate) - in which the ammonium nitrogen carries methyl substituents and bears no hydrogen atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64583 sphingomyelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_140325 secondary carboxamide Any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of a sphingoid base is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxy group of the sphingoid base is esterified to phosphorylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78804 Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78803 nematode metabolite A nematode metabolite produced by Caenorhabditis elegans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16113 cholesterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35348 3beta-sterol A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16375 D-cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16733 D-alpha-amino acid An optically active form of cysteine having D-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16988 D-ribose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33942 ribose A ribose in which the chiral carbon atom furthest away from the aldehyde group (C4') has the same configuration as in D-glyceraldehyde. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18254 ribonucleoside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47019 dihydroxytetrahydrofuran Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23899 icosanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61697 fatty acid derivative Any member of the group of signalling molecules arising from oxidation of the three C20 essential fatty acids (EFAs) icosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA) and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26208 polyunsaturated fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27208 unsaturated fatty acid Any fatty acid containing more than one double bond. Acids in this group are reported to have cardioprotective effects; and levels are lowered in chronic fatigue syndrome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29986 D-glutamate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_14321 glutamate(1-) An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of D-glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29990 D-aspartate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35391 aspartate(1-) An aspartate(1-) that is the conjugate base of D-aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29991 L-aspartate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62031 polar amino acid zwitterion An aspartate(1-) that is the conjugate base of L-aspartic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35348 3beta-sterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36836 3beta-hydroxy steroid A sterol in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has beta- configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37142 organoiodine compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound An organoiodine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-iodine bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48706 antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role Substance that attaches to and blocks cell receptors that normally bind naturally occurring substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26836 sulfuric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33402 sulfur oxoacid A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26995 thromboxane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26347 prostanoid A class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27081 transition element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33521 metal atom An element whose atom has an incomplete d sub-shell, or which can give rise to cations with an incomplete d sub-shell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32504 phenylalaninate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An aromatic amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of phenylalanine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32505 phenylalaninium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of phenylalanine, arising from protonation of the amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32678 glutaminate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glutamine, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32679 glutaminium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of glutamine, arising from protonation of the amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32727 tryptophanate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of tryptophan, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32728 tryptophanium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation An alpha-amino-acid cation that is the conjugate acid of tryptophan, arising from protonation of the alpha-amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33234 vitamin E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23229 chromanol Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33672 heterobicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33636 bicyclic compound A bicyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one skeletal heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35186 terpene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24632 hydrocarbon A hydrocarbon of biological origin having carbon skeleton formally derived from isoprene [CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38077 polypyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38101 organonitrogen heterocyclic compound A compound composed of two or more pyrrole units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38263 2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33704 alpha-amino acid An alpha-amino acid that is butanoic acid substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a hydroxy group at position 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38323 cholinergic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35942 neurotransmitter agent Any drug used for its actions on cholinergic systems. Included here are agonists and antagonists, drugs that affect the life cycle of acetylcholine, and drugs that affect the survival of cholinergic neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38717 carboxylic acid trianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion A trianion containing at least one carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46818 urate anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion An organic anion obtained by removal of at least one proton from any uric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51151 dipolar compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule An organic molecule that is electrically neutral carrying a positive and a negative charge in one of its major canonical descriptions. In most dipolar compounds the charges are delocalized; however the term is also applied to species where this is not the case. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61384 sulfolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25704 organic sulfate A compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62501 folate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67011 folates The dicarboxylic acid dianion formed from folic acid by loss of a proton from each of the two carboxy groups in the glutamic acid moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62945 thromboxane anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62943 prostanoid anion A prostanoid anion that is the conjugate base of a thromboxane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63470 sulfur-containing amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion A sulfur-containing amino acid whose alpha-carboxylic acid group is ionized (not protonated). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component Any substance which is added to food to preserve or enhance its flavour and/or appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64554 tryptophan zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of tryptophan; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_85281 N-(polyunsaturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167098 N-(fatty acyl)-ethanolamine An N-acylethanolamine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of any polyunsaturated fatty acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_88184 metal allergen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33521 metal atom Any metal which causes the onset of an allergic reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35137 hemoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35136 iron protein Conjugated proteins containing heme as the prosthetic group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35281 onium betaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27369 zwitterion Neutral molecules having charge-separated forms with an onium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35568 mancude ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity Any molecular entity that consists of a ring having (formally) the maximum number of noncumulative double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35923 hydroperoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24651 hydroxides A monosubstitution product of hydrogen peroxide, HOOH. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36033 icosatetraenoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53339 olefinic fatty acid A 20-carbon, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four double bonds at unspecified positions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36237 cholanic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36278 cholanic acids A steroid acid that consists of cholane having a carboxy group in place of the methyl group at position 24. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36340 fermion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle Particle of half-integer spin quantum number following Fermi-Dirac statistics. Fermions are named after Enrico Fermi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36343 composite particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A subatomic particle known to have substructure (i.e. consisting of smaller particles). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36344 hadron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36343 composite particle Hadron is a subatomic particle which experiences the strong force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343 disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity Compounds of structure RSSR'. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48540 beta-adrenergic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37962 adrenergic agent Any of the drugs that act on beta-adrenergic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A biological role which describes how a drug interacts within a biological system and how the interactions affect its medicinal properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5254 galactolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33563 glycolipid A glycolipid and which the glyco component is specified as galactosyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59238 cyclic fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any fatty acid containing anywhere in its structure a ring of atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63046 emulsifier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role The chemical role played by a substance that stabilizes an emulsion by increasing its kinetic stability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5391 glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25905 peptide hormone A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61557 nucleoside 5'-triphoshate(4-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59724 ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion A ribonucleoside triphosphate oxoanion arising from global deprotonation of the triphosphate groups of any nucleoside triphosphate; major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84410 sphingoid base(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35785 sphingoid A cationic sphingoid obtained by protonation of the amino group of any 2-amino-1,3-dihydroxysphingoid base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64628 somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25905 peptide hormone A fourteen-membered heterodetic cyclic peptide comprising the sequence Ala-Gly-Cys-Lys-Asn-Phe-Phe-Trp-Lys-Thr-Phe-Thr-Ser-Cys cyclised by a disulfide bridge between the two Cys residues at positions 3 and 14. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75431 ghrelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25905 peptide hormone A 28-membered appetite-stimulating polypeptide consisting of Gly, Ser, Ser(octanoyl), Phe, Leu, Ser, Pro, Glu, His, Gln, Arg, Val, Gln, Gln, Arg, Lys, Glu, Ser, Lys, Lys, Pro, Pro, Ala, Lys, Leu, Gln, Pro and Arg residues joined in sequence. The O-n-octanoylation of the side-chain hydroxy group of serine-3 (Ser3) is essential for ghrelin's activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75603 EC 6.* (ligase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor Any enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the action of a ligase (EC 6.*.*.*). Ligases are enzymes that catalyse the joining of two molecules with concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75787 prokaryotic metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in prokaryotes, the taxon that include members of domains such as the bacteria and archaea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76414 propellant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application A compressed gas or liquid with a boiling point lower than room temperature which to used to propel and dispense liquids such as deodorants, insecticides, paints, etc. from aerosol cans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76579 triradylglycerol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35741 glycerolipid A glycerol compound having one of three possible substituent groups - either acyl, alkyl, or alk-1-enyl - at each of the three possible positions sn-1, sn-2 or sn-3. has functional parent glycerol (CHEBI:17754), children: triglyceride (CHEBI:17855). Parent: is_a glycerolipid (CHEBI:35741) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76655 EC 2.1.* (C1-transferase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71300 EC 2.* (transferase) inhibitor A transferase inhibitor inhibiting the action of transferase of a one-carbon-containing group (EC 2.1.*.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76710 EC 4.* (lyase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor An enzyme inhibitor which interferes with the action of a lyase (EC 4.*.*.*). Lyases are enzymes cleaving C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76713 EC 4.3.* (C-N lyase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76710 EC 4.* (lyase) inhibitor A lyase inhibitor which inhibits the action of a C-N lyase (EC 4.3.*.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76764 EC 3.5.* (hydrolases acting on non-peptide C-N bonds) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76759 EC 3.* (hydrolase) inhibitor Any hydrolase inhibitor that interferes with the action of a hydrolase acting on C-N bonds, other than peptide bonds (EC 3.5.*.*). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042995 cell projection A prolongation or process extending from a cell and that is bounded by plasma membrane, e.g. a cilium, lamellipodium, or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098693 regulation of synaptic vesicle cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060627 regulation of vesicle-mediated transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the synaptic vesicle cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138366 bile acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36078 cholanoid Any member of a group of hydroxy steroids occuring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. In mammals bile acids almost invariably have 5beta-configuration, while in lower vertebrates, some bile acids, known as allo-bile acids, have 5alpha-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030501 abnormal incisive canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of any of several bony canals leading from the floor of the nasal cavity into the incisive fossa on the palatal surface of the maxilla; they convey the nasopalatine nerves and branches of the greater palatine arteries that anastomose with the septal branch of the sphenopalatine artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062012 regulation of small molecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a small molecule metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110116 regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046532 regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110117 positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046534 positive regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110118 negative regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046533 negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120187 positive regulation of protein localization to chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905634 regulation of protein localization to chromatin Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120188 regulation of bile acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032890 regulation of organic acid transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of bile acid from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120189 positive regulation of bile acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032892 positive regulation of organic acid transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of bile acid from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120190 negative regulation of bile acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032891 negative regulation of organic acid transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of bile acid from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140236 translation at presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140241 translation at synapse Translation that occurs at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140237 translation at presynapse, modulating chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140236 translation at presynapse Translation that occurs at the presynapse, and that modulates chemical synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140239 postsynaptic endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099003 vesicle-mediated transport in synapse A vesicle-mediated transport process in which the postsynapse take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140241 translation at synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 translation Translation that occurs at the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140242 translation at postsynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140241 translation at synapse Translation that occurs at the postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140243 regulation of translation at synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation Any process that regulates translation occurring at the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140245 regulation of translation at postsynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140243 regulation of translation at synapse Any process that regulates translation occurring at the postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140246 protein catabolic process at synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009057 macromolecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140247 protein catabolic process at presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140246 protein catabolic process at synapse The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140249 protein catabolic process at postsynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140246 protein catabolic process at synapse The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140250 regulation protein catabolic process at synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140251 regulation protein catabolic process at presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140250 regulation protein catabolic process at synapse Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140252 regulation protein catabolic process at postsynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140250 regulation protein catabolic process at synapse Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020840 abnormal type I cell of carotid body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003437 abnormal carotid body morphology any structural anomaly of the round or oval neuroepithelial cells in the carotid body that contact other type I cells or capillaries and are capable of secreting a number of neurotransmitters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_142163 24G7 epitope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group An antigenic epitope recognized by an anti-bilirubin monoclonal antibody designated 24G7. A substructure of bilirubin IXalpha, it is the region containing the oxo group at C-1, the methyl group at C-2, C-(4, 5, 6, 9), and N-21 and -22. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_142355 purines D-ribonucleoside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26399 purine ribonucleoside A purine ribonucleoside that is a purine derivative attached to a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue at position 9 via a glycosidic (N-glycosyl) linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140271 hexose import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008645 hexose transmembrane transport The directed movement of hexose from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020850 abnormal microtubule cytoskeleton morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020378 abnormal cell cytoskeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030603 increased sperm number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002673 abnormal sperm number increased concentration of spermatozoa in the seminal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036304 anatomical border http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that is located along the line dividing two regions of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020870 decreased thigmotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001364 decreased anxiety-related response less than average preference for staying at the perimeter walls of an open area or in an enclosed versus exposed area; may be used as an indicator of increased anxiety response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030975 placenta hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010038 abnormal placenta physiology presence of bleeding in the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030976 impaired sperm penetration of zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000242 impaired fertilization reduced ability or inability of sperm to infiltrate the zona pellucida in order to reach the oocyte; the process involves digestive enzymes from a modified lysosome called the acrosome, situated at the head of the sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030977 impaired sperm-egg recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000242 impaired fertilization reduced ability or inability to establish the initial contact between the sperm plasma membrane and the outer layer of the egg during fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030978 impaired binding of sperm to zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030977 impaired sperm-egg recognition reduced ability or inability to execute the process in which the sperm binds to the zona pellucida glycoprotein layer of the egg; the process begins with the attachment of the sperm plasma membrane to the zona pellucida and includes attachment of the acrosome inner membrane to the zona pellucida after the acrosomal reaction takes place http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030979 decreased spinal cord weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000956 decreased spinal cord size lower than average weight of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030980 abnormal acroplaxome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009230 abnormal sperm head morphology any structural anomaly of the F-actin-keratin cytoskeletal plate limited by a desmosome-like marginal ring that anchors the developing acrosome to the nuclear envelope and is thought to play a pivotal role in acrosome biogenesis and spermatid head shaping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140499 negative regulation of mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062033 positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of negative regulation of mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140500 regulation of reticulophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016241 regulation of macroautophagy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reticulophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140501 positive regulation of reticulophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016239 positive regulation of macroautophagy Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of reticulophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120261 regulation of heterochromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902275 regulation of chromatin organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or location of heterochromatin organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120262 negative regulation of heterochromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905268 negative regulation of chromatin organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120263 positive regulation of heterochromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905269 positive regulation of chromatin organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120275 cerebral blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008015 blood circulation The flow of blood through the network of arteries and veins supplying the cerebrum, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120276 regulation of cerebral blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903522 regulation of blood circulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cerebral blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120277 positive regulation of cerebral blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120276 regulation of cerebral blood circulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cerebral blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120278 negative regulation of cerebral blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120276 regulation of cerebral blood circulation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cerebral blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140572 vacuole fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048285 organelle fission The division of a vacuole within a cell to form two or more separate vacuoles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031354 abnormal acrosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008898 abnormal acrosome morphology any anomaly in the formation of the acrosome from the spermatid Golgi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031358 decreased urine output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination a reduction in the volume of urine produced and excreted or the absence of urine production and excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039377 urethral vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that drains the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500073 left nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001681 nasal bone Nasal bone on the left side of an organism when in anatomical position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500074 right nasal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001681 nasal bone Nasal bone on the right side of an organism when in anatomical position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500075 left zygomatic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002500 zygomatic arch Zygomatic arch on the left side of an organism when in anatomical position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500076 right zygomatic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002500 zygomatic arch Zygomatic arch on the right side of an organism when in anatomical position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410068 capillary of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982 capillary A capillary that is part of a small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_190295 inorganic calcium salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167164 mineral nutrient A calcium salt that lacks C-H bonds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031438 abnormal sperm radial spoke morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009838 abnormal sperm axoneme morphology any structural anomaly of the T-shaped protein complex that links an outer microtubule doublet of the sperm flagellum axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules; it is composed of a stalk that attaches to each doublet microtubule and a globular structure (spoke head) that projects toward the central pair of microtubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031439 small lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology decreased size of the lymphatic vessels which form a network that carries lymph around the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031440 lymphatic vessel hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031439 small lymphatic vessel decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lymphatic vessels, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023068 thalamic excitatory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron An excitatory neuron that has its soma located in the thalamic complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_194321 hydroperoxy unsaturated fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27208 unsaturated fatty acid Any unsaturated fatty acid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031468 abnormal taste bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005500 abnormal gustatory system morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized receptor organ that is a collection of cells spanning the gustatory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031466 abnormal palatal taste bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031468 abnormal taste bud morphology any structural anomaly of the taste bud, a specialized receptor organ consisting of a group of clustered sensory cells, located on the soft palate, in the roof of the mouth; palatal taste buds lack supporting papilla structures and are directly embedded in the epithelium of the soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031467 absent palatal taste bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031466 abnormal palatal taste bud morphology absence of the palatal taste buds that normally develop in the epithelium of the soft palate without associated papilla structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031469 abnormal pinocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030951 abnormal endocytosis any anomaly in the endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment; liquid is enclosed in vesicles, called pinosomes, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031470 abnormal macropinocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031469 abnormal pinocytosis any anomaly in the endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment by the 'ruffling' of the cell membrane to form heterogeneously sized intracellular vesicles called macropinosomes, which can be up to 5 micrometers in size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031471 abnormal micropinocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031469 abnormal pinocytosis any anomaly in the endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment by invagination of the plasma membrane to form uncoated micropinosomes, differentiated from macropinosomes by their smaller size, on average 95 nm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031472 abnormal female germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020364 abnormal female germ cell physiology change in the timing or the number of female germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031473 decreased female germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031472 abnormal female germ cell apoptosis decrease in the number of female germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031474 increased female germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031472 abnormal female germ cell apoptosis increase in the number of female germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031475 decreased male germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008280 abnormal male germ cell apoptosis decrease in the number of male germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031476 decreased ovary apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013506 abnormal ovary apoptosis decrease in the number of ovary cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4040003 fetal pre-type II pneumocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000322 pneumocyte Precursor of type II pneumocyte. These cells do not have lamellar bodies, which are a marker of type II pneumocyte maturity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480068 saphenous vein smooth muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004696 venous system smooth muscle A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a saphenous vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480074 skin of gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A zone of skin part of some gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0160093 chordate pharynx development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060465 pharynx development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cordate pharynx over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600021 chorionic plate blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022358 placenta blood vessel A blood vessel that is part of the chorionic plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014319 abnormal heart atrium arrangement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology any anomaly in the spatial relationship of the atria to other compartments of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016514 cavity of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035763 cavity of cardiac chamber Luminal space of the left ventricle of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002323 amniocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000349 extraembryonic cell A cell of a fetus which is suspended in the amniotic fluid. Amniocytes are considered to arise from several tissues including fetal skin, the fetal urinary tract, umbilical cord, and the inner amniotic surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005872 1st arch pharyngeal cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005879 pharyngeal cleft A groove that is situated between the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016511 lamina propria of fundus of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004780 gastrointestinal system lamina propria A lamina propria that is part of a mucosa of fundus of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007831 pectoral girdle skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010719 girdle skeleton A subdivision of a limb or fin skeleton consisting of bones which connects the upper limb or fin to the axial skeleton on each side. It consists of the clavicle and scapula in humans and, in those species with three bones in the pectoral girdle, the coracoid. Some mammalian species (e.g. the dog and the horse) have only the scapula. In humans, the only joints between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton are the sternoclavicular joints on each side. No joint exists between each scapula and the rib cage; instead the muscular connection between the two permits relatively great mobility of the shoulder girdle in relation to the pelvic girdle. In those species having only the scapula, no joint exists between the forelimb and the thorax, the only attachment being muscular[WP]. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left pectoral girdle skeletons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011459 increased urine chloride ion level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011458 abnormal urine chloride ion level abnormally large amounts of chloride ion in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011460 decreased urine chloride ion level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011458 abnormal urine chloride ion level abnormally low amounts of chloride ion in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011461 abnormal urine bicarbonate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031394 abnormal bicarbonate level any change in the amount of bicarbonate in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011462 increased urine bicarbonate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011461 abnormal urine bicarbonate level an increased amount of bicarbonate in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011463 decreased urine bicarbonate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011461 abnormal urine bicarbonate level a reduced amount of bicarbonate in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011464 bilirubinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level presence of conjugated bilirubin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011465 abnormal urine urea nitrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of nitrogen in the form of urea in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011466 increased urine urea nitrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011465 abnormal urine urea nitrogen level abnormally high amounts of nitrogen in the form of urea in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011467 decreased urine urea nitrogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011465 abnormal urine urea nitrogen level abnormally low amounts of nitrogen in the form of urea in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011469 abnormal urine creatinine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011468 abnormal urine amino acid level any change in the amount of creatinine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011470 increased urine creatinine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011469 abnormal urine creatinine level an increased amount of creatinine in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011471 decreased urine creatinine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011469 abnormal urine creatinine level a reduced amount of creatinine in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011472 abnormal urine glycosaminoglycan level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011475 abnormal glycosaminoglycan level any change in the amount of glycosaminoglycan in the urine, including chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin sulfate, heparin, and/or hyaluronan and other long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of a repeating disaccharide unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011473 increased urine glycosaminoglycan level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011472 abnormal urine glycosaminoglycan level greater in the amount of glycosaminoglycan in the urine, including chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin sulfate, heparin, and/or hyaluronan and other long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of a repeating disaccharide unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011474 decreased urine glycosaminoglycan level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011472 abnormal urine glycosaminoglycan level reduced amount of glycosaminoglycan in the urine, including chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin sulfate, heparin, and/or hyaluronan and other long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of a repeating disaccharide unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011475 abnormal glycosaminoglycan level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any change in the amount of glycosaminoglycan, including chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate, heparin sulfate, heparin, and/or hyaluronan and other long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of a repeating disaccharide unit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011476 abnormal urine nucleotide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the urinary level of glycosamines consisting of a nucleobase, a five-carbon sugar moiety (ribose or deoxyribose), and may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011477 abnormal urine nucleoside level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the urinary level of glycosylamines consisting of a nucleobase bound to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar via a beta-glycosidic linkage, including cytidine, uridine, adenosine, guanosine, thymidine and inosine and deoxynucleosides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011478 abnormal urine catecholamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011479 abnormal catecholamine level any anomaly in the urinary amount of catecholamines, including adrenaline, noradrenaline and L-dopamine; catecholamines act as hormones or neurotransmitters and are derived from the amino acid tyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011480 impaired ureteric peristalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003589 abnormal ureter physiology any anomaly in the wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along the ureter, thus propelling urine from the kidney pelvis to the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011481 anterior iris synechia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004222 iris synechia adhesion of the iris to the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011482 posterior iris synechia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004222 iris synechia adhesion of the iris to the capsule of the lens or to the surface of the vitreous body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011483 renal glomerular synechia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology presence of adhesions (synechiae) between the Bowman's capsule and the glomerular tuft; may develop when areas of glomerular capillary basement membrane denuded of visceral epithelial cells come in contact with the parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011485 abnormal urethra urothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003630 abnormal urothelium morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial lining of the luminal space of the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011486 ectopic ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology an abnormally placed opening of the ureter, either into the urinary bladder or at another site in the lower urinary or genital tract; commonly a result of a duplicated renal collecting system, a duplex kidney with two ureters where usually one ureter terminates at the urinary bladder, while the duplicated ureter being ectopic, ends in the vagina, the urethra or the vulval vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011487 abnormal ureteropelvic junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of the junction between the ureter and the renal pelvis of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011488 abnormal ureterovesical junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of the valve-like structure found at the site of entry of the ureter into the urinary bladder, normally displays an oblique angulation through the detrusor to avoid reflux of urine up the ureters and the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011489 ureteropelvic junction atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011487 abnormal ureteropelvic junction morphology congenital absence or closure of the connection between the ureter and the renal pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011490 ureteropelvic junction stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011487 abnormal ureteropelvic junction morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the junction between the ureter and the renal pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011491 ureteropelvic junction obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011487 abnormal ureteropelvic junction morphology a partial or total blockage of the flow of urine through the junction of the renal pelvis and the proximal ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011492 ureterovesical junction obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011488 abnormal ureterovesical junction morphology a partial or total blockage of the valve-like structure found at the site of entry of the ureter into the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011493 double ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology two ureters open separately into the renal pelvis superiorly and drain separately into the urinary bladder or genital tract; if two ureteral buds arise from the Wolffian duct, a duplex kidney with complete ureteral duplication ensues where the additional ureter may result in a ureterocele, or an ectopic ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011494 abnormal pigmentation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype hair and/or skin coloration shows specific and consistent deviations from an expected display http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011498 abnormal glomerular capsule parietal layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002828 abnormal renal glomerular capsule morphology any structural anomaly of the outer layer of the glomerular capsule composed of a single layer of simple squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011499 abnormal glomerular capsule space morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002828 abnormal renal glomerular capsule morphology any structural anomaly of the luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011500 decreased glomerular capsule space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011499 abnormal glomerular capsule space morphology reduced volume of the luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011501 increased glomerular capsule space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011499 abnormal glomerular capsule space morphology increased volume of the luminal region between the glomerular capsule visceral and parietal layers, into which filtrate enters after passing through the filtration barrier from the glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011502 parietal capsular epithelium metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011498 abnormal glomerular capsule parietal layer morphology a metaplastic change or transformation of the single layer of the parietal epithelium of Bowman's capsule from the normal structural appearance of simple squamous epithelium to a cuboidal or low columnar epithelium; also referred to as a prominent parietal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011503 distended jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004002 abnormal jejunum morphology an expansion in the volume of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011505 camptomelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011504 abnormal limb long bone morphology a skeletal dysplasia characterized by the bending of the long bones of the extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011506 glomerular crescent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology formation of a crescent-shaped (semi-lunar) glomerular lesion corresponding to extracapillary proliferation of Bowman's capsular epithelium and acquiring a fibroblast-like spindled morphology, possibly stimulated by release of fibrinogen from a ruptured glomerular basement membrane; epithelial crescents occur in aggressive forms of glomerulonephritis, may be accompanied by collagen and fibrin deposition and/or monocyte and macrophage proliferation, may protrude into Bowman's space, and ultimately compress and destroy the glomerular tuft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011507 abnormal kidney thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi within the blood vessel network of the organ of secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011508 abnormal glomerular capillary thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011507 abnormal kidney thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi within the renal glomerular capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011509 dilated glomerular capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020326 dilated capillary stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the small branching blood vessels in the kidney glomerulus that receive blood from the kidney afferent arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011512 mesangial cell interposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005327 abnormal mesangial cell morphology spreading of mesangial cells into the contiguous space between the adjacent glomerular endothelial cells and the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011513 abnormal vertebral artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the first branch of the left and right subclavian arteries that merge to form the single midline basilar artery; branches of the vertebral arteries supply the musculature of the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011515 purpura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009931 abnormal skin appearance a smooth, moderately sized hemorrhagic area, typically dark red to reddish purple, resulting from extarvasation of blood into the skin, mucous membrane, or serosal surface; a pupura becomes brown-yellow as it fades and does not blanch on applying pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011516 aspartylglucosaminuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003311 aminoaciduria high urinary levels of aspartylglucosamine, a derivative of aspartic acid; caused by deficient activity of the enzyme N-aspartyl-beta-glucosaminidase (aspartylglucosaminidase) which normally cleaves long sugar chains known as oligosaccharides in the lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011517 hyperoxaluria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030613 dicarboxylic aciduria abnormally high levels of oxalic acid or oxalates in the urine; many metal ions form insoluble precipitates with oxalate, a prominent example being calcium oxalate, the primary constituent of the most common kind of kidney stones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011519 abnormal placenta labyrinth size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001716 abnormal placenta labyrinth morphology anomaly in the size of the structure where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011520 increased placental labyrinth size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011519 abnormal placenta labyrinth size increase in the size of the structure where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011522 abnormal placental labyrinth villi morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001716 abnormal placenta labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly of the vascularized and branched structures arising from the rodent trophoblast-derived epithelium that allow an increase its surface area for the efficient exchange of nutrients and wastes between the maternal and fetal circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011523 thin placenta labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011521 decreased placental labyrinth size decrease in the width of the structure where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011524 thick placenta labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011520 increased placental labyrinth size increase in the width of the structure where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011525 abnormal placenta intervillous maternal lacunae morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001716 abnormal placenta labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly of the spaces of the placenta occupied by maternal blood, into which the fetal labyrinth villi project http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011526 abnormal placenta fetal blood space morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001716 abnormal placenta labyrinth morphology any structural anomaly of the spaces of the placenta occupied by fetal blood, primarily within the fetal labyrinth villi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011527 disorganized placental labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001716 abnormal placenta labyrinth morphology derangement of the placental layers where embryonic blood vessels are surrounded by trophoblast cells and maternal blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011528 abnormal placental labyrinth villi branching morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011522 abnormal placental labyrinth villi morphology any anomaly in the process in which the branches of the fetal placental villi are generated and organized from the trophoblast-derived epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011529 increased placenta intervillous maternal lacunae size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011525 abnormal placenta intervillous maternal lacunae morphology increased size of the spaces of the placenta occupied by maternal blood, into which the fetal labyrinth villi project http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011530 fused radius and ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology anomaly of the radius and ulna resulting in some portion of or all the two bones being merged together http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011531 abnormal syncytiotrophoblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011522 abnormal placental labyrinth villi morphology any structural anomaly of the multi-nucleated, terminally differentiated syncytial epithelial layer of the placental villi that forms the major nutrient transport surfaces within the labyrinth layer of the rodent placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011532 decreased urine major urinary protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002963 decreased urine protein level reduced amount in the urine of a family of alpha2-microglobulin-related liver secretory proteins that comprise a major protein component of mouse urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011533 increased urine major urinary protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level increased amount in the urine of a family of alpha2-microglobulin-related liver secretory proteins that comprise a major protein component of mouse urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011534 granular kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002135 abnormal kidney morphology a kidney in which fairly uniform, diffusely and evenly situated foci of scarring of the interstitial tissue of the cortex (and sometimes scarring of glomeruli), and the associated slight degree of bulging of groups of dilated tubules, leads to the development of a minutely bosselated surface; such kidneys are seen in arteriolar nephrosclerosis or chronic glomerulonephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011535 increased urination frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001761 abnormal urination pattern increased frequency of urination episodes; urination at short frequent intervals occurs without an increase in daily volume of urinary output and may be caused by reduced bladder capacity or urinary tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011536 decreased urination frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001761 abnormal urination pattern decreased frequency of urination episodes; urination at long intervals occurs without an decrease in daily volume of urinary output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011537 uraturia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009810 increased urine uric acid level passage of an increased amount of any salt or ester of uric acid (urate) in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011538 abnormal urine hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006315 abnormal urine protein level any change in the urine amount of any of the chemical substances that have specific regulatory effects on the activity of a certain organ or organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011539 abnormal urine aldosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011538 abnormal urine hormone level any change in the urine amount of the hormone that is secreted by the adrenal cortex and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion in the distal renal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011540 increased urine aldosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011539 abnormal urine aldosterone level an increased amount of aldosterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011541 decreased urine aldosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011539 abnormal urine aldosterone level a reduced amount of aldosterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011542 abnormal urine antidiuretic hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011538 abnormal urine hormone level any change in the urine amount of the polypeptide hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland (neurohypophysis) that increases mean arterial pressure by promoting vasoconstriction and reduces excretion of urine by increasing the reabsorption of water by the kidney tubules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011543 increased urine antidiuretic hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011542 abnormal urine antidiuretic hormone level an increased amount of antidiuretic hormone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011544 decreased urine antidiuretic hormone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011542 abnormal urine antidiuretic hormone level a reduced amount of antidiuretic hormone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011545 abnormal urine progesterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011538 abnormal urine hormone level any change in the urine amount of the antiestrogenic steroid released by the corpus luteum that stimulates the uterus to prepare for pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011546 increased urine progesterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011545 abnormal urine progesterone level an increased amount of progesterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011547 decreased urine progesterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011545 abnormal urine progesterone level a reduced amount of progesterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011548 abnormal urine corticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011538 abnormal urine hormone level any change in the urine amount of the corticosteroid produced in the adrenal cortex that induces glycogen deposition and regulates sodium conservation and potassium secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011549 increased urine corticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011548 abnormal urine corticosterone level an increased amount of corticosterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011550 decreased urine corticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011548 abnormal urine corticosterone level a reduced amount of corticosterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011551 variegated eye pigmentation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001324 abnormal eye pigmentation an irregular and random patchwork of two or more colors in the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011552 abnormal urine deoxycorticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the urine amount of the steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex, related to corticosterone and involved in regulating water and electrolyte balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011553 increased urine deoxycorticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011552 abnormal urine deoxycorticosterone level an increased amount of deoxycorticosterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011554 decreased urine deoxycorticosterone level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011552 abnormal urine deoxycorticosterone level a reduced amount of deoxycorticosterone in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011555 increased urine microglobulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002962 increased urine protein level greater than the normal amount of any globulin (or any fragment of a globulin) of low molecular weight in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011556 increased urine beta2-microglobulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011555 increased urine microglobulin level greater than the normal amount of beta2-microglobulin in the urine; may indicate renal tubule disease, drug-induced renal toxicity, heavy metal-induced renal disease, lymphomas, leukemia, or myeloma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011557 increased susceptibility to induced choroid neovascularization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005546 choroidal neovascularization increased rate or amount of new growth of new, abnormal blood vessels that originate in the choroid through a break in the Bruch membrane into the sub-retinal pigment epithelium or subretinal space and may result in visual loss as a result of chemical or mechanical manipulation (e.g. laser-induced trauma) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011558 abnormal urine insulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of insulin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011559 increased urine insulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011558 abnormal urine insulin level a greater amount of insulin in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011560 decreased urine insulin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011558 abnormal urine insulin level a reduced amount of insulin in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011561 renal glomerulus lipidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology presence of lipid deposits and/or lipid-laden foam cells in the renal glomerular tufts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011562 abnormal urine prostaglandin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the urinary amount of any of a class of mediators with effects of vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and smooth muscle stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011563 increased urine prostaglandin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011562 abnormal urine prostaglandin level a greater amount of any prostaglandin in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011564 decreased urine prostaglandin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011562 abnormal urine prostaglandin level a reduced amount of any prostaglandin in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011565 kidney papillary hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004193 abnormal kidney papilla morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the kidney papilla, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011567 increased renal glomerulus lobularity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology distortion of the renal glomerular architecture usually accompanied by increased mesangial cell proliferation and following crowding of the proliferated cells towards the axis of the capillary loops and peripheral recanalization, giving the glomerular tuft a lobular or hypersegmented appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011568 decreased foot pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005408 hypopigmentation visually detectable dilution of pigment present on the foot surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011569 abnormal azygos vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the unpaired vein which in humans arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava; unlike humans, mice have a single and left-sided azygos vein that develops from the paired embryonic cardinal venous system and drains most of the right and left thoracic walls into the left anterior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011570 esophageal achalasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010154 abnormal gastroesophageal sphincter physiology failure of the normal relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter associated with the uncoordinated contractions of the thoracic esophagus, resulting in functional obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011571 enlarged inferior vena cava valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010490 abnormal inferior vena cava valve morphology increased size of the semicircular fold of endocardium located on the right atrium at the point of attachment of the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011573 abnormal sinotubular junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009867 abnormal ascending aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the point in the ascending aorta where the aortic sinuses end and the aorta becomes a tubular structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011574 dilated sinotubular junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011573 abnormal sinotubular junction morphology the luminal space of the sinotubular junction is increased in diameter or area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011575 dilated aorta bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011572 abnormal aorta bulb morphology the luminal space of the aorta bulb is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011576 absent cervical atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004607 abnormal cervical atlas morphology absence of the first (topmost, C1) cervical vertebra which supports the globe of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011577 abnormal lipoprotein lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011580 abnormal triglyceride lipase activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011578 increased lipoprotein lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011581 increased triglyceride lipase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011579 decreased lipoprotein lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011582 decreased triglyceride lipase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011580 abnormal triglyceride lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011581 increased triglyceride lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011580 abnormal triglyceride lipase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011582 decreased triglyceride lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011580 abnormal triglyceride lipase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011583 abnormal alkaline phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011584 increased alkaline phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011583 abnormal alkaline phosphatase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011585 decreased alkaline phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011583 abnormal alkaline phosphatase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011586 abnormal ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: carbamoyl phosphate + L-ornithine = phosphate + L-citrulline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011587 increased ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011586 abnormal ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: carbamoyl phosphate + L-ornithine = phosphate + L-citrulline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011588 decreased ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011586 abnormal ornithine carbamoyltransferase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: carbamoyl phosphate + L-ornithine = phosphate + L-citrulline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011589 abnormal hormone-sensitive lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reactions: diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate; triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate; and monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011590 increased hormone-sensitive lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011589 abnormal hormone-sensitive lipase activity greater ability to catalyze the reactions: diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate; triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate; and monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011591 decreased hormone-sensitive lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011589 abnormal hormone-sensitive lipase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reactions: diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate; triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate; and monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011592 abnormal catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012579 abnormal peroxidase activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011593 increased catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012582 increased peroxidase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011594 decreased catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012580 decreased peroxidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011595 abnormal purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011596 increased purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011595 abnormal purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011597 decreased purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011595 abnormal purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: purine nucleoside + phosphate = purine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011598 abnormal phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + a sterol = a sterol ester + 1-acylglycerophosphocholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011599 increased phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011598 abnormal phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + a sterol = a sterol ester + 1-acylglycerophosphocholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011600 decreased phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011598 abnormal phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + a sterol = a sterol ester + 1-acylglycerophosphocholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011601 abnormal glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012579 abnormal peroxidase activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011602 increased glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012582 increased peroxidase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011603 decreased glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012580 decreased peroxidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011604 abnormal glucokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: ATP + D-glucose = ADP + D-glucose-6-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011605 increased glucokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011604 abnormal glucokinase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: ATP + D-glucose = ADP + D-glucose-6-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011606 decreased glucokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011604 abnormal glucokinase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: ATP + D-glucose = ADP + D-glucose-6-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011607 abnormal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011608 increased glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011607 abnormal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011609 decreased glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011607 abnormal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011610 abnormal primordial germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020363 abnormal germ cell physiology change in the timing or the number of primordial germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011611 abnormal circulating ghrelin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level any anomaly in the blood concentration of the peptide hormone produced mainly by P/D1 cells lining the fundus of the stomach and epsilon cells of the pancreas that stimulates hunger and serves as a potent stimulator of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland; in addition to stimulating appetite and growth, ghrelin also plays various roles in energy homeostasis, neuropathy, and in the cardiovascular and immune systems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011612 increased circulating ghrelin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011611 abnormal circulating ghrelin level greater than the normal blood concentration of the peptide hormone produced mainly by P/D1 cells lining the fundus of the stomach and epsilon cells of the pancreas that normally stimulates hunger and serves as a potent stimulator of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011613 decreased circulating ghrelin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011611 abnormal circulating ghrelin level less than the normal blood concentration of the peptide hormone produced mainly by P/D1 cells lining the fundus of the stomach and epsilon cells of the pancreas that normally stimulates hunger and serves as a potent stimulator of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011614 slow aging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010768 mortality/aging later than normal occurrence of the normal signs of aging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011615 submucous cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009890 cleft secondary palate a cleft of the palate with cardinal signs including a bifid uvula, a V-shaped notch at the back of the hard palate, and/or a translucent line in the midline of the soft palate and a short palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011616 abnormal nonassociative learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the process of a simple form of learning whereby the repeated presence of a stimulus leads to a change in the probability or strength of the response to that stimulus; there is no association of one type of stimulus with another, rather it is a generalized response to the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011617 abnormal habituation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011616 abnormal nonassociative learning anomaly in the process in which there is a progressive decline of behavioral response probability with a repetitive stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011618 abnormal sensitization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011616 abnormal nonassociative learning anomaly in the process in which a progressive amplification of a behavioral response follows repeated administration of a stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011619 abnormal dishabituation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011616 abnormal nonassociative learning anomaly in the process in which there is a temporary recovery of response to a stimulus when a novel stimulus is added http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011620 abnormal habituation to a new environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011617 abnormal habituation anomaly in the process in which there is a progressive decline of behavioral response probability with an exposure to a new environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011621 abnormal habituation to a novel object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011617 abnormal habituation anomaly in the process in which there is a progressive decline of behavioral response probability with an exposure to a novel object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011622 abnormal habituation to a novel odor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011617 abnormal habituation anomaly in the process in which there is a progressive decline of behavioral response probability with an exposure to a novel odor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011623 abnormal habituation to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011617 abnormal habituation anomaly in the process in which there is a progressive decline of behavioral response probability with exposure to xenobiotics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011624 abnormal sensitization to xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011618 abnormal sensitization anomaly in the process in which a progressive amplification of a behavioral response follows repeated administration of a xenobiotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011625 cystolithiasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005360 urolithiasis caliculi, or a solid concretion or crystal aggregation, found in the urinary bladder; often embedded in a glycoprotein matrix which may also contain some nonglycoproteins when associated with infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011626 orotic acid urinary bladder stones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011625 cystolithiasis presence of caliculi, or a solid concretion or crystal aggregation formed from orotic acid, found in the urinary bladder; often embedded in a glycoprotein matrix which may also contain some nonglycoproteins when associated with infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011627 decreased skin pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005408 hypopigmentation visually detectable dilution of pigment present in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011628 increased mitochondrial number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology greater than normal number of the cellular organelles responsible for energy production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011629 decreased mitochondrial number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology fewer than normal number of the cellular organelles responsible for energy production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011630 increased mitochondrial size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology enlarged the cellular organelles responsible for energy production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011631 decreased mitochondrial size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology reduced size of the cellular organelles responsible for energy production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011632 dilated mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011630 increased mitochondrial size the luminal space of one or more mitochondria is increased in volume or area, usually with an increase of contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011633 abnormal mitochondrial shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of a mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011634 abnormal mitochondrial inner membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology any structural anomaly of the inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope, which is highly folded to form cristae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011635 abnormal mitochondrial crista morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011634 abnormal mitochondrial inner membrane morphology Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane; crista number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms; crista appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found; the shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011636 disorganized mitochondrial cristae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011635 abnormal mitochondrial crista morphology derangement of the pattern of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011637 abnormal mitochondrial matrix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology any structural anomaly of the gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion, and contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011638 abnormal mitochondrial chromosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006035 abnormal mitochondrial morphology any structrual anomaly of the chromosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011639 decreased mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011638 abnormal mitochondrial chromosome morphology less than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a mammalian cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011640 abnormal aorta collagen fibril morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009871 abnormal aorta tunica adventitia morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of aorta tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011641 abnormal pulmonary collagen fibril morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of pulmonary tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011642 abnormal bone collagen fibril morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of bone tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011643 abnormal tendon collagen fibril morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005503 abnormal tendon morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of tendon tissue that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011644 abnormal oviduct epithelium motile cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013206 abnormal motile cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011645 absent oviduct epithelium motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011644 abnormal oviduct epithelium motile cilium morphology absence of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011646 abnormal sinoatrial valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology any structural anomaly of the valve at the sinoatrial orifice at the opening of the sinus venosus into the primordial right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011647 absent sinoatrial valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011646 abnormal sinoatrial valve morphology absence of the valve at the sinoatrial orifice at the opening of the sinus venosus into the primordial right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011649 immotile respiratory cilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011055 abnormal respiratory motile cilium physiology failure of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections of the repiratory tract epithelium to beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern in order to promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011650 abnormal corneal stroma collagen fibril morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005300 abnormal corneal stroma morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue bundles in the extracellular matrix of corneal stroma that are composed of collagen, and play a role in tissue strength and elasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011651 abnormal circulating histidine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level the amount of the amino acid histidine in the blood is more or less than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011652 increased circulating histidine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011651 abnormal circulating histidine level the amount of the amino acid histidine in the blood is more than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011653 decreased circulating histidine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011651 abnormal circulating histidine level the amount of the amino acid histidine in the blood is less than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011654 histidinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003311 aminoaciduria increased excretion of histidine and related imidazole metabolites in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011656 coronary arterio-venous fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010476 coronary fistula an abnormal communication between the terminus of a coronary artery, bypassing the myocardial capillary bed and entering any segment of the systemic or pulmonary circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011657 coronary-cameral fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010476 coronary fistula an abnormal communication between the terminus of a coronary artery, bypassing the myocardial capillary bed and entering a chamber of the heart (coronary-cameral fistula) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011658 interrupted aortic arch, type a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004157 interrupted aortic arch complete discontinuation/blockage between the ascending and descending aorta with the interruption located distal to the subclavian artery that is ipsilateral to the second carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011659 interrupted aortic arch, type b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004157 interrupted aortic arch complete discontinuation/blockage between the ascending and descending aorta with the interruption located between second carotid artery and ipsilateral subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011660 ectopia cordis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006065 abnormal heart position or orientation congenital condition in which the heart is exposed and/or protruding from the thorax due to abnormal development of the sternum, pericardium and/or the abdominal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011661 persistent truncus arteriosus type i http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002633 persistent truncus arteriosus complete failure of the common arterial trunk opening out of both ventricles to divide into the aorta and pulmonary artery during development; type i is characterized by origin of a single pulmonary trunk from the left lateral aspect of the common trunk, with branching of the left and right pulmonary arteries from the pulmonary trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011662 persistent truncus arteriosus type ii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002633 persistent truncus arteriosus complete failure of the common arterial trunk opening out of both ventricles to divide into the aorta and pulmonary artery during development; type II is characterized by separate but proximate origins of the left and right pulmonary arterial branches from the posterolateral aspect of the common arterial trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011663 persistent truncus arteriosus type iii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002633 persistent truncus arteriosus complete failure of the common arterial trunk opening out of both ventricles to divide into the aorta and pulmonary artery during development; in type iii the branch pulmonary arteries originate independently from the common arterial trunk or aortic arch, most often from the left and right lateral aspects of the trunk; this occasionally occurs with origin of one pulmonary artery from the underside of the aortic arch, usually from a ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011664 persistent truncus arteriosus type iv http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002633 persistent truncus arteriosus complete failure of the common arterial trunk opening out of both ventricles to divide into the aorta and pulmonary artery during development; type i is a form of the lesion with neither pulmonary arterial branch arises from the common trunk, and is more commonly recognized to be a form of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect rather than truncus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011665 d-loop transposition of the great arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004110 transposition of great arteries complete transposition of the great arteries; the d- refers to the dextroposition of the bulboventricular loop (ie, the position of the right ventricle, which is on the right side); in addition, the aorta also tends to be on the right and anterior, and the great arteries are parallel rather than crossing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011666 double outlet right ventricle, ventricular defect committed to aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000284 double outlet right ventricle a form of DORV in which a ventricular septal defect is located just below the aorta; the left ventricular outflow is directed toward the aorta, resulting in aortic oxygen saturations that exceed pulmonary saturations; pulmonary stenosis is also often present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011667 double outlet right ventricle with atrioventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000284 double outlet right ventricle a form of DORV in which there is also a complete atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011668 double outlet right ventricle, Taussig bing type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000284 double outlet right ventricle a form of DORV in which blood from the left ventricle passes through a ventricular septal defect to the pulmonary artery, and blood from the right ventricle is directed to the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011669 double outlet right ventricle, doubly committed ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000284 double outlet right ventricle a form of DORV in which there are two ventricular septal defects, one below the aorta and one below the pulmonary artery and the left ventricular outflow is equally shared by the aorta and pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011670 double outlet right ventricle, noncommitted ventricular septal defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000284 double outlet right ventricle a form of DORV in which the ventricular septal defect is distant from both the aorta and pulmonary artery and blood mixes in the right ventricle before entering these vessels, with the majority of deoxygenated blood entering the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011671 balanced complete atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010413 complete atrioventricular septal defect a balanced complete atrioventricular septal defect occurs when the atrioventricular junction is connected equally to the right and left ventricles so that each ventricle receives a similar amount of blood and the ventricles are symmetrical in size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011672 unbalanced complete atrioventricular canal, left dominant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011673 unbalanced complete common atrioventricular canal an unbalanced form of a complete atrioventricular septal defect where the atrioventricular junction is predominantly committed to the left ventricle; in left ventricular dominance, there can be hypoplasia of the right ventricle and pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011673 unbalanced complete common atrioventricular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010413 complete atrioventricular septal defect an unbalanced complete atrioventricular septal defect occurs when the atrioventricular junction is predominantly committed to either the right or left ventricle, leading to hypoplasia of the opposing ventricle receiving the smaller amount of blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011674 multiple major aortopulmonary collateral arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010635 aorta pulmonary collateral arteries small ectopic arteries or arterial branches that arise from the aorta or its first-order branches and are distally connected to the pulmonary arterial vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011675 double aortic arch, balanced arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004159 double aortic arch defect in which the aortic arch splits into equally sized large left and right branches, encircling the trachea and esophagus, before becoming one tube to go to the lower body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011676 aortic arch obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology any impediment or blockage causing a cessation or reversal of the normal flow of the blood through the aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011677 abnormal olfactory sensory neuron physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012020 abnormal olfactory epithelium physiology any functional anomaly of cells that innervate the olfactory epithelium and are responsible for receiving and transmitting odorant signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011678 abnormal vomeronasal sensory neuron physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013596 abnormal vomeronasal organ physiology any functional anomaly of chemosensitive cells that innervate the vomernasal organ epithelium and are responsible for receiving and transmitting pheromone signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011679 abnormal vomeronasal sensory neuron morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002243 abnormal vomeronasal organ morphology any structural anomaly of chemosensitive cells that innervate the vomernasal organ epithelium and are responsible for receiving and transmitting pheromone signals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011680 tricuspid valve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031573 atrioventricular valve hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the tricuspid valve, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011681 atrium cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in any portion of the paired upper chambers of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011682 renal glomerulus cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003675 kidney cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in any portion of the renal glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011683 dual inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006063 abnormal inferior vena cava morphology presence of two inferior vena cavae, often resulting from the persistence of both supracardinal veins during development; the two structures may be symmetric or asymmetric but typically join together at the renal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011684 coronary-cameral fistula to heart right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011657 coronary-cameral fistula an abnormal communication between the terminus of a coronary artery, bypassing the myocardial capillary bed and entering the right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011685 abnormal limb paddle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006279 abnormal limb development any structural anomaly of the transient developing limb structure that develops from the limb bud; it is a dorsoventral flattening of the limb bud structure and develops into the foot plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011686 increased epidermal stem cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011004 abnormal epidermal stem cell morphology greater than expected number of somatic stem cells that are part of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011687 decreased epidermal stem cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011004 abnormal epidermal stem cell morphology a reduction in the number of somatic stem cells that are part of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011688 absent epidermal stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011687 decreased epidermal stem cell number absence of the somatic stem cells that are part of the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011689 absent neutrophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000222 decreased neutrophil cell number absence of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011690 absent basophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002607 decreased basophil cell number absence of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size; these cells contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011691 absent bronchioalveolar stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010830 decreased bronchioalveolar stem cell number absence of the respiratory stem cells found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole, which gives rise to alveolar cell types and Clara cells in response to lung injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011692 increased chondrocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000166 abnormal chondrocyte morphology greater number of polymorphic cells that form cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011693 absent chondrocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000167 decreased chondrocyte number absence of polymorphic cells that form cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011694 absent eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005012 decreased eosinophil cell number any structural anomaly of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011695 absent hematopoietic stem cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004810 decreased hematopoietic stem cell number absence of the multipotent, self-renewing stem cells found in the bone marrow, yolk sac and the fetal liver; HSCs give rise to all the types of both the myeloid and lymphoid cell lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011696 absent mast cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000336 decreased mast cell number any structural anomaly of a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation; progenitors leave bone marrow and mature in connective and mucosal tissue; mature mast cells are found in all tissues, except the bloodstream. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011697 lens vacuoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005545 abnormal lens development abnormal presence of fluid-filled cavities in the cytoplasm of the transparent structure of the eye responsible for focusing light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011698 abnormal brown adipose tissue physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology any functional anomaly in the thermogenic form of adipose tissue that is composed of brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011699 abnormal brown adipose tissue thermogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011698 abnormal brown adipose tissue physiology any anomaly in the process of heat production in brown adipocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011700 increased cumulus expansion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009373 abnormal cumulus expansion greater ability of the ovarian cumulus cells to secrete an extensive extracellular matrix required for successful fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011701 decreased cumulus expansion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009373 abnormal cumulus expansion reduced ability of the ovarian cumulus cells to secrete an extensive extracellular matrix required for successful fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011702 abnormal fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020414 abnormal fibroblast physiology anomaly in the ability of a fibroblast cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011703 increased fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011702 abnormal fibroblast proliferation greater the expansion rate of a fibroblast cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011704 decreased fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011702 abnormal fibroblast proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a fibroblast cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011705 absent fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011704 decreased fibroblast proliferation failure of a fibroblast cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011706 abnormal fibroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020414 abnormal fibroblast physiology any anomaly of fibroblast cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a fibroblast pseudopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011707 impaired fibroblast cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011708 decreased fibroblast cell migration failure of cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a fibroblast pseudopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011708 decreased fibroblast cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011706 abnormal fibroblast migration reduced frequency of or less rapid fibroblast cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a fibroblast pseudopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011709 increased fibroblast cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011706 abnormal fibroblast migration greater frequency of or more rapid fibroblast cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a fibroblast pseudopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011710 enhanced osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008395 abnormal osteoblast differentiation increased ability or increased rate of production of skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011711 impaired osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008395 abnormal osteoblast differentiation reduced ability or inability to produce skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011712 arrested osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011711 impaired osteoblast differentiation inability to produce skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell, due to a block in the process to create a mature osteoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011713 abnormal circulating interleukin-8 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008588 abnormal circulating interleukin level anomaly in the amount in the blood of a member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response, is secreted by variety of cell types and induces chemotaxis of neutrophils and other inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011714 increased circulating interleukin-8 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011713 abnormal circulating interleukin-8 level increase in the amount in the blood of a member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response, is secreted by variety of cell types and induces chemotaxis of neutrophils and other inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011715 decreased circulating interleukin-8 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011713 abnormal circulating interleukin-8 level reduction in the amount in the blood of a member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response, is secreted by variety of cell types and induces chemotaxis of neutrophils and other inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011716 abnormal interleukin-8 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008568 abnormal interleukin secretion anomaly in the production or release of a member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response, is secreted by variety of cell types and induces chemotaxis of neutrophils and other inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011717 increased interleukin-8 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011716 abnormal interleukin-8 secretion increase in the production or release of a member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response, is secreted by variety of cell types and induces chemotaxis of neutrophils and other inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011718 decreased interleukin-8 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011716 abnormal interleukin-8 secretion reduction in the production or release of a member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response, is secreted by variety of cell types and induces chemotaxis of neutrophils and other inflammatory cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011720 abnormal ossification involved in bone remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification any anomaly in the formation or growth of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in response to injury or other physical, physiological or environmental stress stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011721 abnormal bone mineralization involved in bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011722 abnormal ossification involved in bone maturation anomaly in the deposition of calcium phosphate in bone tissue, involved in the progression of the developing skeleton from its formation to its mature state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011722 abnormal ossification involved in bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014294 abnormal skeletal maturation anomaly in the formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in the progression of the developing skeleton from its formation to its mature state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011724 ectopic cortical neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011723 ectopic neuron appearance of a cerebral cortical neuron or group of cerebral cortical neurons in a region where it is not normally found http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011725 neuronal leptomeningeal ectopia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011723 ectopic neuron during development, migrating cortical neurons fail to stop at the border of the marginal zone and continue through this layer and occasionally through the pial-glial layer into the meninges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011726 ectopic Cajal-Retzius cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008030 abnormal Cajal-Retzius cell morphology appearance of a Cajal-Retzius cell in a region where it is not normally found http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011727 ectopic ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020491 abnormal ovary topology one or both of the ovaries located outside the normal pathway of descent from the lumbar region to a shallow depression on the lateral wall of the pelvis known as the ovarian fossa; the fossa usually lies beneath the external iliac artery and in front of the ureter and the internal iliac artery; ovarian maldescent may be associated with Mullerian malformations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011728 abnormal pineal gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013570 abnormal neuroendocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the small flattened endocrine gland located in the depression between the superior colliculi of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011729 abnormal pineal gland melatonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011728 abnormal pineal gland physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of a catecholamine hormone by the pineal body that controls behavior influenced by seasonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011730 increased myelin sheath thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003871 abnormal myelin sheath morphology increase in the depth of the insulating envelope that surrounds nerve fibers or axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011731 decreased myelin sheath thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003871 abnormal myelin sheath morphology decrease in the depth of the insulating envelope that surrounds nerve fibers or axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011732 decreased somite size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005222 abnormal somite size reduced size of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011733 fused somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development a defect in which there is an appearance of a single enlarged somite resulting from partial or complete fusion of the two somitic anlage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011734 abnormal urine ammonia level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030604 abnormal ammonia homeostasis any change in the amount of ammonia in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011735 increased urine ammonia level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011734 abnormal urine ammonia level a greater amount of ammonia in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011736 decreased urine ammonia level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011734 abnormal urine ammonia level a reduced amount of ammonia in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011737 hypodipsia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001422 abnormal drinking behavior abnormally diminished thirst with a consequential reduction of fluid intake; often related to dysfunction of the thirst osmoreceptor in the anterior hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011738 anasarca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013807 generalized edema widespread swelling due to effusion of serous fluid into the extracellular space, especially into the connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011739 abnormal Boettcher cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology any structural anomaly of the polyhedral cells located on the basilar membrane beneath the Claudius cells in the basal turn of the cochlea, and considered supporting cells for the organ of Corti; Boettcher cells interweave with each other, project microvilli into the intercellular space, show high levels of calmodulin, and may be involved in mediating Ca(2+) regulation and ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011740 abnormal urine nitrite level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis anomaly in the amount of nitrite (NO2-) in the urine; may be suggestive of impaired nitric oxide (NO) release, or of a urinary tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011741 increased urine nitrite level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011740 abnormal urine nitrite level higher than normal amount of nitrite (NO2-) in the urine, usually indicative of a urinary tract infection; commonly a result of the action of Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and other microorganisms that may reduce nitrates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011742 decreased urine nitrite level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011740 abnormal urine nitrite level lower than normal amount of nitrite (NO2-) in the urine; suggestive of impaired nitric oxide (NO) release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011743 abnormal Golgi apparatus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any structural anomaly of the compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack; Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011744 abnormal kidney epithelial cell primary cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013211 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium physiology any functional anomaly of the non-motile primary cilia found on renal epithelial cells and thought to act as a mechanical sensor to detect renal tubular fluid; impaired mechanical response of primary cilia to physiological fluid flow, or abnormalities in intracellular Ca2+ increase in response to fluid stress may alter renal (tubular) cell proliferation and differentiation and lead to renal cyst formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011745 isolation of the left subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010488 abnormal left subclavian artery morphology the loss of continuity between the left subclavian artery and the aorta, with persistent connection to the homolateral pulmonary artery through the patent (PDA) or nonpatent ductus arteriosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011746 spleen fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the spleen, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011747 myelofibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002397 abnormal bone marrow morphology appearance of fibrous connective tissue in the bone marrow, often resulting from inflammation or injury; especially replacement of the marrow with collagenous connective tissue fibers, frequently accompanied by splenomegaly and anemia or cytopenias http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011748 intestinal fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology formation of fibrous tissue in any part of the intestine as a result of repair or a reactive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011749 perivascular fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the perivascular tissue, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011751 abnormal X-Y chromosome synapsis during male meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005169 abnormal male meiosis an anomaly in the process in which the side by side pairing and physical juxtaposition of X and Y chromosomes is created at the metaphase plate, usually resulting in incorrect sex chromosome disjunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011752 abnormal X-Y chromosome synaptonemal complex assembly during male meiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005169 abnormal male meiosis an anomaly in the process in which forms the structure that holds the X and Y chomosomes together during prophase I of male meiosis and results in exchange of X and Y chromatin during prophase I, or results in exchange of X and Y chromatin outside the chromatin associated with the pseudoautosomal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011753 decreased podocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology reduced number of the modified epithelial cells of the visceral layer of the Bowman capsule in the renal corpuscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011754 abnormal kidney collecting duct intercalated cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011843 abnormal kidney collecting duct epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of any of the functionally distinct subtypes of cells (alpha or beta) found on the kidney collecting duct epithelium that regulate acid-base homeostasis and play an important role in the kidney's response to acidosis and alkalosis; alpha-intercalated cells secrete acid whereas beta-intercalated cells secrete base; metabolic acidosis results in the conversion of beta- cells to alpha-intercalated cells giving the kidney a greater ability to secrete protons and return pH to the normal range http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011755 abnormal kidney collecting duct alpha-intercalated cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011754 abnormal kidney collecting duct intercalated cell morphology any structural anomaly of the tall, columnar epithelial cells found on the kidney collecting duct epithelium which secrete acid (via an apical H+-ATPase and H+/K+ exchanger) in the form of hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate (via band 3, a basolateral Cl-/HCO3- exchanger);damage to the alpha-intercalated cell's ability to secrete acid can result in distal renal tubular acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011756 abnormal kidney collecting duct beta-intercalated cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011754 abnormal kidney collecting duct intercalated cell morphology any structural anomaly of the shorter, flatter cells found on the kidney collecting duct epithelium which secrete bicarbonate (via pendrin, a specialized apical Cl-/HCO3- exchanger) and reabsorb acid (via a basal H+-ATPase) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011757 abnormal kidney collecting duct principal cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011843 abnormal kidney collecting duct epithelium morphology any structural abnormality of the cuboidal epithelial cells found in the collecting ducts of the kidney which regulate sodium and potassium balance via channels located on the cells apical membrane. Aldosterone increases the number of Na+/K+-ATPase pumps that allow increased sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion whereas antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) determines the expression of aquaporin channels on the cell surface; together, aldosterone and vasopressin let the principal cell control the quantity of water that is reabsorbed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011758 renal ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology inadequate blood flow to one or both kidneys, or nephrons, usually due to functional constriction or actual obstruction of a blood vessel; a significant cause of renal dysfunction and cortical and medullary necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011759 absent Rathke's pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003817 abnormal pituitary diverticulum morphology absence of the diverticulum arsing from the embryonic buccal cavity from which the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is developed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011760 abnormal ureteric bud tip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology any structural anomaly of the terminal ends of the ureteric tree; the ureteric tip cells are proliferating immature cells located at the branching points that induce the adjacent cap mesenchyme to undergo nephrogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011761 abnormal ureteric bud trunk morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology any structural anomaly of the ureteric bud cells that elongate to form a rigid structure (stalk) consisting of polarized epithelial cells without branching; the stalks differentiate into the collecting system of the mature kidney, while the tip cells interact with the adjacent cells of the metanephric mesenchyme, inducing their conversion into nephrons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011763 urethritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011762 renal/urinary system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the urethra, usually caused by an infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011764 ureteritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011762 renal/urinary system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in a ureter, usually caused by infection or by the mechanic irritation of a stone; the epithelial reaction may be cystic if the reaction is liquefaction, or glandular if the epithelial reaction is by metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011765 oroticaciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010028 aciduria increased level of orotic acid, an intermediate of pyrimidine synthesis, in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011766 abnormal urinary bladder mucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous membrane lining the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011767 ureterocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology saccular dilation of the terminal portion of the ureter that protrudes into the lumen of the urinary bladder, probably due to a congenital stenosis of the ureteric orifice meatus; most often associated with a duplicated collection system, where two ureters drain their respective kidney instead of one http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011768 abnormal urinary bladder trigone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology any structural anomaly of the smooth triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder formed by the two ureteral orifices and the internal urethral orifice; it is an area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011769 urinary bladder fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the urinary bladder, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011770 increased urine selenium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis greater than normal amount of selenium in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011771 abnormal genital tubercle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003936 abnormal reproductive system development any structural anomaly of the embryonic anlage of the external genitalia, which emerges as paired swellings ventral to the cloacal membrane, is proposed to be derived from all three germ layers, and gives rise to the penis, clitoris, scrotum, labia, and foreskin; GT development is indistinguishable in male and female mouse embryos until approximately E16, when the urethral plate begins to be masculinized to form the penile urethra, marking the beginning of an androgen-dependent phase of sexual differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011772 genital tubercle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011771 abnormal genital tubercle morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the genital tubercle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011773 abnormal urinary bladder vasculature morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the network of tubes that carries blood through the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011774 abnormal urinary bladder detrusor smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000767 abnormal smooth muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the bundles of smooth muscle fibers forming the muscular wall of the urinary bladder, which are arranged in a longitudinal and a circular layer and, on contraction, serve to expel urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011775 rectal atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000492 abnormal rectum morphology congenital absence, closure, or constriction of the lumen of the terminal portion of the intestinal tube adjacent to the anus, leading to abdominal distention after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011776 abnormal male urethra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the male fibromuscular tubular canal which extends from the internal urethral orifice in the urinary bladder to the external urethral orifice at the tip of the penis and provides an exit for urine as well as semen during ejaculation; the male urethra is longer than the urethra of females and comprises three major portions, the (i) prostatic, (ii) membranous (aka intermediate), and (iii) cavernous (aka spongy or penile) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011777 abnormal male prostatic urethra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011776 abnormal male urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the widest and most dilatable part of the male urethra canal which runs almost vertically through the prostate from its base to its apex, lying nearer its anterior than its posterior surface; this portion of the urethral canal is spindle-shaped, being wider in the middle than at either extremity, and narrowest below, where it joins the membranous portion; it is lined by transitional epithelium and contains in its posterior wall, or floor, the orifices of the prostatic utricle, ejaculatory ducts, and prostatic ducts, collectively known as the seminal colliculus (aka verumontanum) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011778 abnormal male membranous urethra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011776 abnormal male urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the shortest, least dilatable, and, with the exception of the external orifice, the narrowest part of the male urethral canal located in the deep perineal pouch and lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium; it extends downward and forward, with a slight anterior concavity, between the apex of the prostate and the bulb of the urethra, perforating the urogenital diaphragm below and behind the pubic symphysis; the membranous portion of the urethra is completely surrounded by the fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae; on either side near its termination are the bulbourethral glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011779 abnormal male spongy urethra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011776 abnormal male urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the that longest part of the male urethra contained in the corpus spongiosum and extending from the end of the membranous portion to the external urethral orifice; commencing below the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm it passes forward and upward to the front of the symphysis pubis; and then, in the flaccid condition of the penis, it bends downward and forward; while narrow and of uniform size in the body of the penis, it is dilated behind, within the bulb, and again anteriorly within the glans penis, where it forms the fossa navicularis urethrae; the spongy urethra is lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium proximally, and by stratified squamous epithelium distally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011780 abnormal female urethra morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the short and relatively simple female fibromuscular tubular canal which extends from the urinary bladder outlet to the perineum adjacent to the anterior wall of the vagina, and opens in the vestibule of the vagina posterior to the clitoris and anterior to the vaginal orifice; small mucus urethral glands (Skene's glands) open along its entire length and drain into a single paraurethral duct, which empties at the lateral margin of the external urethral orifice: its epithelial lining changes from transitional epithelium at the bladder end to non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium distally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011781 abnormal bulbourethral gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the small paired racemose (compound tubulo-alveolar) glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, which produce a clear, salty, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate (aka as pre-ejaculatory fluid, preseminal fluid, or Cowper's fluid) upon sexual stimulation; this fluid is believed to lubricate the urethra for spermatozoa to pass through and neutralize traces of acidic urine in the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011782 abnormal internal urethral orifice morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000516 abnormal renal/urinary system morphology any structural anomaly of the usually crescent-shaped opening of the urinary bladder into the urethra, placed at the anteroinferior angle (apex) of the urinary bladder trigone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011783 abnormal ureteral orifice morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011488 abnormal ureterovesical junction morphology any structural anomaly of the slit-like opening of either ureter into the bladder; normally, the two ureteral orifices are placed at the posterolateral angles of the urinary bladder trigone while the internal urethral orifice is placed at its anteroinferior angle (apex); wide gaping usually indicates vesicoureteral reflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011784 abnormal urinary bladder neck morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology any structural anomaly of the constricted portion of the urinary bladder, formed by the meeting of its inferolateral surfaces proximal to the opening of the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011785 abnormal urinary bladder fundus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology any structural anomaly of the base or posterior surface of the urinary bladder, which contains the trigone of the bladder and the outlet where urine empties through the internal urethral orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011786 rectourethral fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology an abnormal anatomical passage connecting the urethra and the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011787 abnormal Bartholin's gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the paired glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina in the superficial perineal pouch in females; they secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands in males http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011788 absent urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology absence or failure to form of any part of the male or female urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011789 increased urethra carcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010289 increased urinary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant neoplasms arising from the epithelial lining of the urethra in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011790 increased urethral gland adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010289 increased urinary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant neoplasms arising from urothelial lining or surrounding glands of the urethra in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011791 increased bulbourethral gland adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010289 increased urinary system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in the bulbourethral glands, usually with a glandular organization in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011792 abnormal urethral gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the male or female urethra that help protect the epithelium from the corrosive urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011793 abnormal female urethral gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011792 abnormal urethral gland morphology any structural anomaly of the numerous mucous-secreting glands found in several female mammalian species (including rodents and humans) on the anterior wall of the vagina, around the lower end of the urethra, and possessing a common paraurethral duct which opens (on each side) near the external urethral orifice; they are homologous with the prostate gland in males, have highly variable anatomy, and are believed to be the source of the female ejaculate, a lubricating fluid with a similar consistency to male prostatic fluid that is expelled through the urethra during sexual stimulation; like the male prostate, these glands are susceptible to infection (skenitis), cyst development, and cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011794 abnormal male urethral gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011792 abnormal urethral gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the numerous small mucous-secreting glands located in the wall of the penile urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011795 abnormal urinary bladder development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003942 abnormal urinary system development incomplete or aberrant differentiation of the distensible musculomembranous organ situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011797 blind ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology a ureter ending in a blind-ended segment or pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011798 abnormal urinary bladder weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000538 abnormal urinary bladder morphology anomaly in the average weight of the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011799 increased urinary bladder weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011798 abnormal urinary bladder weight greater than average weight of the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011800 decreased urinary bladder weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011798 abnormal urinary bladder weight less than average weight of the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011801 urethra obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology any impediment or blockage of the canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder in most mammals and through which semen is discharged in the male; usually caused by calculus, or plugs composed of proteinaceous material, cellular debris and possibly crystals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011802 seminal vesiculitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013902 abnormal seminal vesicle physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the seminal vesicle(s), usually caused by an infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011803 double kidney pelvis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004194 abnormal kidney pelvis morphology duplication of the funnel shaped proximal portion of the ureter that is formed by convergence of the major calices http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011806 decreased dermal fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011704 decreased fibroblast proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a dermal fibroblast cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011807 decreased lung fibroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011704 decreased fibroblast proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a lung fibroblast cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011808 abnormal myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation anomaly in the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast, a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011809 abnormal anoikis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001648 abnormal apoptosis anomaly in the apoptosis response triggered by inadequate or inappropriate adherence to substrate e.g. after disruption of the interactions between normal epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011810 increased anoikis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011809 abnormal anoikis increase in the apoptosis response triggered by inadequate or inappropriate adherence to substrate e.g. after disruption of the interactions between normal epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011811 decreased anoikis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011809 abnormal anoikis reduction in the apoptosis response triggered by inadequate or inappropriate adherence to substrate e.g. after disruption of the interactions between normal epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011812 increased cranium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size having an increased dorsal-to-ventral distance of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011813 long maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000455 abnormal maxilla morphology increased length of the upper jaw bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011814 abnormal pre-pro B cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005432 abnormal pro-B cell morphology any structural anomaly of a pro-B cell that CD45R/B220-positive, CD43-positive, HSA-low, BP-1-negative and Ly6c-negative. This cell type is also described as being lin-negative, AA4-positive, Kit-positive, IL7Ra-positive and CD45R-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011815 increased pre-pro B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011814 abnormal pre-pro B cell morphology increased number of pro-B cells that are CD45R/B220-positive, CD43-positive, HSA-low, BP-1-negative and Ly6c-negative; this cell type is also described as being lin-negative, AA4-positive, Kit-positive, IL7Ra-positive and CD45R-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011816 decreased pre-pro B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011814 abnormal pre-pro B cell morphology reduced number of pro-B cells that are CD45R/B220-positive, CD43-positive, HSA-low, BP-1-negative and Ly6c-negative; this cell type is also described as being lin-negative, AA4-positive, Kit-positive, IL7Ra-positive and CD45R-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011817 absent pre-pro B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011816 decreased pre-pro B cell number absence of pro-B cells that are CD45R/B220-positive, CD43-positive, HSA-low, BP-1-negative and Ly6c-negative; this cell type is also described as being lin-negative, AA4-positive, Kit-positive, IL7Ra-positive and CD45R-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011818 abnormal pancreatic beta cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003562 abnormal pancreatic beta cell physiology anomaly in the ability of the cells that secrete insulin and are located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011819 increased pancreatic beta cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011818 abnormal pancreatic beta cell proliferation increase in the ability of the cells that secrete insulin and are located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011820 decreased pancreatic beta cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011818 abnormal pancreatic beta cell proliferation reduction in the ability of the cells that secrete insulin and are located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011821 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008051 abnormal memory T cell physiology anomaly in the ability of the CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high, to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011822 increased CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011821 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell proliferation increase in the ability of the a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high, to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011823 decreased CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011821 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell proliferation reduction in the ability of the a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive, or also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122- high, to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011824 increased cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011804 increased cell migration increase in the directed movement response of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient; movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011825 decreased cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011805 decreased cell migration reduction in the directed movement response of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient; movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011826 abnormal lymphocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011518 abnormal cell chemotaxis any anomaly in the directed movement of a lymphocyte in response to an external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011827 impaired neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009937 abnormal neuron differentiation decreased production of or inability to produce the mature cells of the nervous system that receive, conduct, and transmit impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011828 urinary bladder cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs, usually filled with a fluid or viscous substance, along the internal lining of the urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011829 vesicovaginal fistula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001139 abnormal vagina morphology an abnormal fistulous tract extending between the bladder and the vagina, with resulting leakage of urine into the vaginal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011830 ectopic hair follicle melanin granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005072 abnormal hair follicle melanin granule morphology any aberration in normal location of pigment granules in the hair follicle that results in variation from expected hair color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011831 abnormal visual contrast sensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002090 abnormal vision any abnormality in the ability to distinguish between increments of light versus dark http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011833 abnormal cremaster muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the thin layer of skeletal muscle that envelops the spermatic cord and testis of most male mammals in a series of loops; it is a continuation of the obliquus internus, arising from the inguinal ligament and inserting into the crest of the pubis and into the sheath of the rectus abdominis; it is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve and functions to draw the testis up toward the superficial inguinal ring in response to cold or to stimulation of the nerve; in females it is represented by only a few muscle loops that envelop the round ligament of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011834 abnormal female preputial gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013329 abnormal preputial gland morphology any structural anomaly of the paired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located on the side of the clitoris in female rodents; in contrast to the preputial glands in male rodents, clitoral glands are a minor source of olfactory stimuli contributing to sexual attractivity; unlike other sebaceous glands, they undergo progressive atrophy of the glandular portion with marked ductal ectasia as rodents age; there is no true anatomical equivalent in humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011835 abnormal urogenital fold morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the pair of folds derived from the cloacal folds which give rise to a portion of the external genitalia; in male embryos they close over the urethral plate and fuse to form the spongy (penile) urethra and ventral aspect of the penis, not including the glans; failure of fusion of the urethral folds leads to hypospadias; in female embryos they fuse only anterior to the anus and form the labia minora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011836 abnormal cloacal fold morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010115 abnormal embryonic cloaca morphology any structural anomaly of the pair of mesenchymal swellings (folds) located on either side of the cloacal membrane during the indifferent stage of embryonic development; cranial to the cloacal membrane the folds unite to form the genital tubercle; caudally the folds are subdivided into urogenital folds anteriorly and anal folds posteriorly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011837 abnormal cloacal membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010115 abnormal embryonic cloaca morphology any structural anomaly of the membrane that covers the embryonic cloaca, formed by the union of proctodeal (anal pit) ectoderm and cloacal endoderm, with no intervening mesoderm; the urorectal septum joins the cloacal membrane and divides it into an anal membrane and a urogenital membrane; the point where the urorectal septum intersects the cloacal membrane is the future site of the perineal body; proliferation of mesoderm and ectoderm around the cloacal membrane produces primordial tissues of the external genitalia in both sexes: the genital tubercle, genital folds, and genital swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011838 abnormal navicular fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011779 abnormal male spongy urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the dilated terminal portion of the male spongy urethra located in the glans penis right before the external urethral orifice, also referred to as the most distal pendulous urethra; it is lined by stratified squamous, non-keratinizing epithelium; during development, the glans of the penis is initially solid but cannulates to give rise to the navicular fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011839 abnormal Guerin's valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011838 abnormal navicular fossa morphology any structural anomaly of the fold or valve of mucus membrane on the upper wall of the navicuar fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011840 abnormal urethral crest morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000537 abnormal urethra morphology any structural anomaly of the longitudinal mucosal fold in the dorsal wall of the urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011841 abnormal male urethral crest morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011840 abnormal urethral crest morphology any structural anomaly of the narrow longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the male urethra, extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra; when distended, it may serve to prevent the passage of the semen backward into the bladder; on either side of the male urethral crest is a slightly depressed fossa, the prostatic sinus, the floor of which is perforated by the orifices of the prostatic ducts from the lateral lobes of the prostate; the ducts of the middle lobe open behind the crest; at the forepart of the crest, below its summit, is a median elevation, the colliculus seminalis, upon or within the margins of which are the orifices of the prostatic utricle and the slit-like openings of the ejaculatory ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011842 abnormal female urethral crest morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011840 abnormal urethral crest morphology any structural anomaly of the conspicuous longitudinal fold of mucosa on the posterior wall of the female urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011843 abnormal kidney collecting duct epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004754 abnormal kidney collecting duct morphology any structural anomaly of the simple cuboidal epithelium lining the lumen of kidney collecting ducts; the mature and differentiated CD epithelium comprises two unique cells types with principal cells responsible for vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption, and intercalated cells regulating acid-base homeostasis; injury to the epithelium is believed to cause epithelial cells to acquire mesenchymal characteristics via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process through which tubular epithelial cells may transform into interstitial fibroblasts and promote renal fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011844 kidney collecting duct atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004754 abnormal kidney collecting duct morphology acquired diminution of the size of the kidney collecting ducts associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011845 abnormal kidney collecting duct number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004754 abnormal kidney collecting duct morphology anomaly in the number of any of the kidney ducts that collect urine from the distal convoluted tubules, merge and become larger as they descend from the renal cortex into the medulla, and respond to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011846 decreased kidney collecting duct number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011845 abnormal kidney collecting duct number smaller than expected number of the kidney ducts that collect urine from the distal convoluted tubules, merge and become larger as they descend from the renal cortex into the medulla, and respond to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011847 increased kidney collecting duct number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011845 abnormal kidney collecting duct number larger than expected number of the kidney ducts that collect urine from the distal convoluted tubules, merge and become larger as they descend from the renal cortex into the medulla, and respond to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011848 abnormal vagina vestibule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003126 abnormal external female genitalia morphology any structural anomaly of the space posterior to the glans clitoridis, between the labia minora; located within the vestibule are the openings of the vagina, the urethra, and the ducts of the lesser vestibular glands, the greater vestibular (Bartholin's) glands, and the paraurethral (Skene's) glands, which release mucus into the vestibule to maintain a moist, lubricated vestibular environment; the vestibule is also moistened by secretions from the cervical mucus glands located in the inferior region of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011849 abnormal clitoral bone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the ossified region of endochondral and membranous bone located in the clitoris of most mammals except humans;it is homologous to the penile bone (aka as baculum, penis bone or os penis) in male mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011850 absent clitoral bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011849 abnormal clitoral bone morphology absence of the unique bone located in the clitoris of most mammals except humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011851 abnormal embryonic cloaca development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010115 abnormal embryonic cloaca morphology failure or anomaly in the formation of a pouch-like dilation of the caudal end of the hindgut by the process of folding of the caudal region of the embryonic disk; during the tail-fold process, the posteriorly placed allantois, or allantoic diverticulum of the yolk sac, becomes an anterior extension of the cloaca; soon after the cloaca forms, it receives posterolaterally the caudal ends of the paired mesonephric ducts and hence becomes a junctional cistern for the allantois, the hindgut, and the ducts; a cloacal membrane, composed of ectoderm and endoderm, is the caudal limit of the primitive gut and temporarily separates the cloacal cavity from the extraembryonic confines of the amniotic cavity; subsequent growth of the urorectal septum eventually subdivides the once single cloaca chamber into the primitive urogenital sinus (ventrally) and the anorectal canal of the hindgut (dorsally) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011852 patent urachus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003616 abnormal urachus morphology failure of complete urachal lumen closure resulting in an open channel between the urinary bladder and the umbilicus and leakage of urine through the umbilicus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011853 abnormal urorectal septum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the ridge of mesoderm covered with endoderm that in the early developing embryo partitions the endodermal cloaca into the primary urogenital sinus (ventrally) and the anorectal canal of the hindgut (dorsally); the urorectal septum eventually fuses with the cloacal membrane, dividing it into a dorsal anal membrane and a larger ventral urogenital membrane - this area of fusion is represented in the adult by the perineal body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011854 cerebral edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology excess accumulation of water in the intra- and/or extracellular spaces of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011855 abnormal glomerular filtration barrier morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology any structural anomaly of the highly specialized blood filtration interface that displays a high conductance to small and midsized solutes in plasma but retains relative impermeability to macromolecules; its integrity is maintained by physicochemical and signalling interplay among its three core constituents -- the fenestrated endothelium of the glomerular capillaries, the glomerular basement membrane, and the filtration slits of the visceral epithelial cell (podocyte) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011856 abnormal glomerular filtration barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013284 abnormal renal glomerular filtration anomaly in the function of the highly specialized blood filtration interface that displays a high conductance to small and midsized solutes in plasma but retains relative impermeability to macromolecules; its integrity is maintained by physicochemical and signalling interplay among its three core constituents -- the fenestrated endothelium of the glomerular capillaries, the glomerular basement membrane, and the filtration slits of the visceral epithelial cell (podocyte); the barrier permits the passage of water, ions, and small molecules from the bloodstream into the Bowman's space and prevents the loss of large and/or negatively charged proteins (e.g. serum albumin) from blood into urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011857 short kidney papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004193 abnormal kidney papilla morphology reduced average length of the apex of the renal pyramid that projects into a calyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011858 elongated kidney papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004193 abnormal kidney papilla morphology increased average length of the apex of the renal pyramid that projects into a calyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011859 decreased renal glomerulus basement membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011349 abnormal renal glomerulus basement membrane thickness reduced width of the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011860 abnormal peritubular capillary endothelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011321 abnormal peritubular capillary morphology any structural anomaly of the thin sheet of endothelial cells along the basal lamina of renal tubular cells characterized by their attenuated shape and numerous regularly-spaced transcellular pores (aka fenestrae or fenestrations); the fenestrae of peritubular capillaries differ from the fenestrae of glomerular capillaries in that they are much smaller and possess a small overlying diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011861 increased cranium height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size increase in the rostral-caudal distance between the cranial base and the upper domelike portion of the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011862 decreased cranium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010031 abnormal cranium size having a decreased dorsal-to-ventral distance of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011863 abnormal podocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology any functional anomaly of a modified epithelial cell of the visceral layer of the Bowman capsule in the renal corpuscle; it has a small perikaryon and a number of primary and secondary foot processes that interdigitate with those of other podocytes and are attached to the outer surface of the glomerular capillary basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011864 abnormal podocyte adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011863 abnormal podocyte physiology any anomaly in the adhesive properties of glomerular podocytes, resulting in abnormal cell to cell and cell to extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions; podocytes adhere tightly to ECM components of the glomerular basement membrane via an integrin-laminin-actin axis to maintain a functional filtration barrier in the presence of mechanical stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011865 abnormal podocyte motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011863 abnormal podocyte physiology any anomaly in the ability of podocyte foot processes (FPs) to retract or elongate and hence move quickly along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM); motility refers to the dynamic reorganization of the interdigitating FP structure in vivo , and to the cell migration of cultured podocytes in vitro that is seen as surrogate for the former; alterations in podocyte motility are considered to underlie foot process effacement, with changes in the leading edge of the cell and its interactions with the GBM; a rather stationary podocyte phenotype is believed to reflect a stable FP structure with intact slit diaphragms, whereas hypermotility is believed to promote the development of FP effacement and proteinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011866 increased podocyte motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011865 abnormal podocyte motility greater ability of podocyte foot processes (FPs) to retract or elongate and hence move quickly along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011867 decreased podocyte motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011865 abnormal podocyte motility reduced ability of podocyte foot processes (FPs) to retract or elongate and hence move quickly along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011868 podocyte microvillus transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology aberrant formation of numerous slender cellular projections resembling microvilli or vesicle-like structures along the apical surface of podocytes, suggestive of podocyte injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011869 detached podocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011864 abnormal podocyte adhesion detachment or loss of adhesion of podocyte foot processes from the glomerular basement membrane (GBM); as a consequence, denuded GBM areas at peripheral capillary loops can become foci for adhesions to parietal epithelial cells (glomerular synechiae) and crescent formation, and podocytes and podocyte-specific proteins may be found in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011870 abnormal podocyte polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology any anomaly in the establishment or maintenance of podocyte cell polarity; podocytes exhibit polarity along at least two axes: (i) an apical-basal axis perpendicular to the glomerular basement membrane in which the apical and basolateral membrane domains of the podocyte are separated by a boundary created by the intercellular junctions of the foot process and (ii) a second plane parallel to the basement membrane that determines the unique orientation of interdigitating foot processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011871 podocyte hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology increase in the size of the modified epithelial cell of the visceral layer of the Bowman capsule in the renal corpuscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011872 absent xiphoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000159 abnormal xiphoid process morphology absence of the caudal tip of the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011873 enlarged uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009085 abnormal uterine horn morphology increased size of the uterine horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011874 enlarged urinary bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly increased size of the distensible musculomembranous organ that serves to collect and store urine excreted by the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011875 absent stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology absence of the sac-like structure of the digestive canal between the esophagus and the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011876 absent penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005187 abnormal penis morphology absence of organ of copulation and urination in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011877 absent liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology absence of the bile-secreting exocrine gland, which is important for detoxification; for fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism; and for glycogen storage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011878 jejunum atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004002 abnormal jejunum morphology congenital blockage or absence of the lumen of the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011879 ileum atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002581 abnormal ileum morphology congenital blockage or absence of the lumen of the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011880 absent duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003271 abnormal duodenum morphology missing portion of the small intestine that extends from the pyloris to the junction with the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011881 distended duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003271 abnormal duodenum morphology an expansion in the volume of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the pyloris to the junction with the jejunum, as by stretching or distention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011882 enlarged duodenum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003271 abnormal duodenum morphology increased size of the portion of the small intestine that extends from the pyloris to the junction with the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011883 absent diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002279 abnormal diaphragm morphology absence of the thin musculomebranous barrier that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities; these muscles often used for breathing control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011884 absent colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000495 abnormal colon morphology absence of the portion of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011885 abnormal circulating lipase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration of lipase in the blood, in particular the serum; the measurement of serum lipase activity is widely used for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011886 increased circulating lipase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011885 abnormal circulating lipase level elevated blood level of lipase in the blood, in particular the serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011887 decreased circulating lipase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011885 abnormal circulating lipase level reduced blood level of lipase in the blood, in particular the serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011889 abnormal circulating ferritin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level deviation from the normal concentration of ferritin, a ubiquitous intracellular protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion; some ferritin is also found in the blood and is measured in tests for overall iron levels, anemia and chronic diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011890 increased circulating ferritin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011889 abnormal circulating ferritin level elevated concentration in the blood of ferritin, a ubiquitous intracellular protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion; some ferritin is also found in the blood and is measured in tests for overall iron levels, anemia and chronic diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011891 decreased circulating ferritin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011889 abnormal circulating ferritin level reduced concentration in the blood of ferritin, a ubiquitous intracellular protein that stores iron and releases it in a controlled fashion; some ferritin is also found in the blood and is measured in tests for overall iron levels, anemia and chronic diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011892 abnormal circulating transferrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level deviation from the normal concentration in the blood of a plasma protein that reversibly binds and transports iron and other metal ions through the blood to the liver, spleen and bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011893 increased circulating transferrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011892 abnormal circulating transferrin level elevated concentration in the blood of a plasma protein that reversibly binds and transports iron and other metal ions through the blood to the liver, spleen and bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011894 decreased circulating transferrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011892 abnormal circulating transferrin level reduced concentration in the blood of a plasma protein that reversibly binds and transports iron and other metal ions through the blood to the liver, spleen and bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011895 abnormal circulating unsaturated transferrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011892 abnormal circulating transferrin level any anomaly in the concentration of transferrin that is not saturated (bound) with iron; this represents the reserve capacity of transferrin and is often measured by the Unsaturated Iron Binding Capacity (UIBC) test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011896 increased circulating unsaturated transferrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011895 abnormal circulating unsaturated transferrin level increase in the concentration of transferrin that is not saturated (bound) with iron; this represents the reserve capacity of transferrin and is often measured by the Unsaturated Iron Binding Capacity (UIBC) test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011897 decreased circulating unsaturated transferrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011895 abnormal circulating unsaturated transferrin level reduction in the concentration of transferrin that is not saturated (bound) with iron; this represents the reserve capacity of transferrin and is often measured by the Unsaturated Iron Binding Capacity (UIBC) test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011899 podocyte vacuoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005326 abnormal podocyte morphology abnormal presence of fluid-filled vesicles in the cytoplasm of the modified epithelial cell of the visceral layer of the Bowman capsule in the renal corpuscle, often indicative of podocyte injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011900 podocyturia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis presence of kidney podocytes, their cell fragments, or podocyte-specific proteins in the urine; urinary loss of viable podocytes may serve as a diagnostic tool for pre-eclampsia and as a marker of active renal disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011901 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010763 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell physiology anomaly in the ability of a hematopoietic stem cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011902 increased hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011901 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a hematopoietic stem cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011903 decreased hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011901 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a hematopoietic stem cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011904 abnormal Schwann cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003690 abnormal glial cell physiology any functional anomaly of the cells which form the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011905 abnormal Schwann cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011904 abnormal Schwann cell physiology any anomaly in the ability of a Schwann cell to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011906 increased Schwann cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011905 abnormal Schwann cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a Schwann cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011907 decreased Schwann cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011905 abnormal Schwann cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a Schwann cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011908 abnormal pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011911 abnormal pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell physiology anomaly in the ability of a pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011909 increased pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011908 abnormal pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell proliferation increased ability of a pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011910 decreased pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011908 abnormal pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell proliferation reduced ability of a pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011911 abnormal pancreatic endocrine progenitor cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010147 abnormal endocrine pancreas physiology any functional anomaly of a multi-fate stem cell that is able to differentiate into the pancreas alpha, beta and delta endocrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011912 abnormal circulating fibronectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level aberrant concentration in the blood of the glycoprotein that binds to integrins or components of the extracellular matrix; plays a major role in cell adhesion, growth, migration, differentiation, wound healing, and embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011914 decreased heart left atrium weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020206 abnormal heart left atrium weight less than average weight of the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011915 increased heart left atrium weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020206 abnormal heart left atrium weight more than average weight of the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011916 decreased heart right atrium weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020207 abnormal heart right atrium weight less than average weight of the right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011917 increased heart right atrium weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020207 abnormal heart right atrium weight more than average weight of the right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011918 abnormal PQ interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature anomaly in the length of time between the beginning of atrial depolarization and the end of atrial repolarization (or recovery), measured by the interval from the beginning of the P wave to the end of the Q wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011919 abnormal R wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature any anomaly in the R wave which represents ventricular depolarization and corresponds to electrical impulses rather than mechanical ventricular contractions; irregular or multiple R waves may indicate arrhythmia and the shape of the R waves may indicate ventricular problems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011920 abnormal S wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature any anomaly in the S wave which represents the end of ventricular depolarization and corresponds to an isoelectric state rather than mechanical ventricular relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011921 abnormal adrenal gland zona intermedia morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008288 abnormal adrenal cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the region between the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata that is relatively thin and contains mostly undifferentiated cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011922 abnormal circulating osteocalcin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005418 abnormal circulating hormone level aberrant concentration in the blood of this noncollagenous protein hormone found in bone and dentin, which is secreted by osteoblasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011923 abnormal bladder urine volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010386 abnormal urinary bladder physiology any anomaly in the amount of space occupied by urine in the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011924 abnormal liver zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology anomaly in the amount of zinc present in the liver tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011925 abnormal heart echocardiography feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology any anomaly in echocardiographic representation of systolic and diastolic function, ventricular compliance, valvular function, or interventricular septum features http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011927 abnormal cardiac valve flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011926 abnormal heart valve physiology any anomaly of the regulated one-way movement of blood through the heart valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011928 abnormal mitral valve flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011927 abnormal cardiac valve flow abnormality of valve function causing passive filling of the left ventricle or active filling of the left atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011929 abnormal aortic valve flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011927 abnormal cardiac valve flow abnormality impeding normal blood flow or allowing blood to backflow through this valve into the left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011930 abnormal tricuspid valve flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011927 abnormal cardiac valve flow abnormality of valve function causing passive filling of the right ventricle or active filling of the right atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011931 abnormal pulmonary valve flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011927 abnormal cardiac valve flow abnormality impeding normal blood flow or allowing blood to backflow through this valve into the right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011933 abnormal exocrine pancreas development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003934 abnormal pancreas development anomaly in the formation of the acinar gland portion of the pancreas that secretes digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011934 abnormal branching involved in pancreas development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003934 abnormal pancreas development any anomaly in the process in which the branches of the developing pancreas are generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011935 abnormal pancreatic bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011934 abnormal branching involved in pancreas development any anomaly in the process in which the foregut region specified to become the pancreas forms a bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011936 abnormal PP interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010508 abnormal heart electrocardiography waveform feature any anomaly in the distance between consecutive P waves in the electrocardiogram, representing the length of the cardiac cycle; this value is often used in calculating heart rate and heart rate variability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011937 shortened PP interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011936 abnormal PP interval decrease in the distance between consecutive P waves in the electrocardiogram, representing the length of the cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011938 prolonged PP interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011936 abnormal PP interval increase in the distance between consecutive P waves in the electrocardiogram, representing the length of the cardiac cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011940 decreased food intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005449 abnormal food intake reduction in the total number of calories or food amount taken in over time when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011943 abnormal circadian feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior anomaly in the fluctuation pattern in feeding behavior (amount and instances) that occurs over an approximately 24 hour light/dark cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011944 abnormal eating frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior anomaly in the number of discrete instances of initiation of eating over time, regardless of amount eaten http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011945 increased eating frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011944 abnormal eating frequency increase in the number of discrete instances of initiation of eating over time, regardless of amount eaten http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011946 decreased eating frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011944 abnormal eating frequency reduction in the number of discrete instances of initiation of eating over time, regardless of amount eaten http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011947 abnormal fluid intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001422 abnormal drinking behavior significant anomaly in the total amount of fluid taken in over time when compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011948 abnormal drinking frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001422 abnormal drinking behavior anomaly in the number of discrete instances of initiation of drinking over time, regardless of amount ingested http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011949 increased drinking frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011948 abnormal drinking frequency increase in the number of discrete instances of initiation of drinking over time, regardless of amount ingested http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011950 decreased drinking frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011948 abnormal drinking frequency reduction in the number of discrete instances of initiation of drinking over time, regardless of amount ingested http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011951 increased cardiac stroke volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000304 abnormal cardiac stroke volume increase in the volume of blood pushed into the aorta with each beat of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011952 decreased cardiac stroke volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000304 abnormal cardiac stroke volume reduction in the volume of blood pushed into the aorta with each beat of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011953 prolonged PQ interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011918 abnormal PQ interval increase in the length of time between the beginning of atrial depolarization and the end of atrial repolarization (or recovery), measured by the interval from the beginning of the P wave to the end of the Q wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011954 shortened PQ interval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011918 abnormal PQ interval decrease in the length of time between the beginning of atrial depolarization and the end of atrial repolarization (or recovery), measured by the interval from the beginning of the P wave to the end of the Q wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011955 phenotypic reversion by gene product interaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003171 phenotypic reversion two or more mutant gene products, when existing together in one organism, result in a wild-type phenotype when each independent mutation shows a phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011956 abnormal compensatory feeding amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001431 abnormal eating behavior anomaly in the amount of food consumed after a period of fasting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011957 decreased compensatory feeding amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011956 abnormal compensatory feeding amount decreased amount of food consumed after a period of fasting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011958 increased compensatory feeding amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011956 abnormal compensatory feeding amount increased amount of food consumed after a period of fasting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011959 abnormal eye posterior chamber depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005299 abnormal eye posterior chamber morphology anomaly in the distance between the iris and the lens at the center plane (maximum distance) of the posterior chamber, compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011960 abnormal eye anterior chamber depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005205 abnormal eye anterior chamber morphology anomaly in the distance between the iris and the cornea at the center plane (maximum distance) of the eye anterior chamber compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011962 increased cornea thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011961 abnormal cornea thickness increased width of the cornea in the center plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011963 abnormal total retina thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology increased or decreased width of the retina through the center plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011964 increased total retina thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011963 abnormal total retina thickness increased width of the retina through the center plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011965 decreased total retina thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011963 abnormal total retina thickness decreased width of the retina through the center plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011966 abnormal auditory brainstem response waveform shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004738 abnormal auditory brainstem response any anomaly in the characteristic pattern of electrical activity recording of a series of vertex positive waves generated by neurons in the ascending auditory system, that can be recorded from scalp electrograms by using computer-averaged responses to short tone bursts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011967 increased or absent threshold for auditory brainstem response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004738 abnormal auditory brainstem response increase in the value at which one or more sound frequencies or broadband clicks first elicits a recordable response generated by electrical activity of neurons in the ascending auditory system, or complete lack of a recordable response at any frequency or broadband click http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011968 decreased threshold for auditory brainstem response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004738 abnormal auditory brainstem response reduction in the value at which one or more sound frequencies or broadband clicks first elicits a recordable response generated by electrical activity of neurons in the ascending auditory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011970 abnormal circulating lactate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002943 abnormal lactate dehydrogenase level abnormal blood level of the tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate; measurements of circulating levels are used clinically as a diagnostic indicator of tissue breakdown, some forms of cancer or particular infection types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011971 increased circulating lactate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011970 abnormal circulating lactate dehydrogenase level elevated blood level of the tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate; measurements of circulating levels are used clinically as a diagnostic indicator of tissue breakdown, some forms of cancer or particular infection types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011972 decreased circulating lactate dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011970 abnormal circulating lactate dehydrogenase level reduced blood level of the tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of lactate and pyruvate; measurements of circulating levels are used clinically as a diagnostic indicator of tissue breakdown, some forms of cancer or particular infection types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011974 intestinal stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the segment of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the anus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011975 neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology presence of aggregates of protein within the cytoplasm of neurons; hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011980 absent Langerhans cell precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008115 abnormal dendritic cell differentiation absence of the yolk sac-derived primitive myeloid progenitors that populate the skin before the onset of fetal liver hematopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011981 abnormal microglial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000136 abnormal microglial cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the small, migratory, phagocytic, interstitial cells derived from myeloid progenitor cells and found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011982 decreased microglial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000136 abnormal microglial cell morphology reduced number of the small, migratory, phagocytic, interstitial cells derived from myeloid progenitor cells and found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011983 abnormal Ito cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008990 abnormal Ito cell morphology atypical production of or inability to produce the fat-storing cells that line the hepatic sinusoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011984 decreased enteroendocrine cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004141 abnormal enteroendocrine cell morphology reduction in the number of the various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting epithelial cells present throughout the mucosa of the digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011985 abnormal macrophage proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002451 abnormal macrophage physiology anomaly in the ability of macrophages to undergo expansion by cell division; macrophages are large mononuclear phagocytes which differentiate from monocytes, are typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011986 decreased macrophage proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011985 abnormal macrophage proliferation reduced ability of macrophages to undergo expansion by cell division; macrophages are large mononuclear phagocytes which differentiate from monocytes, are typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011987 abnormal GABAergic neuron physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004811 abnormal neuron physiology any functional anomaly of the neurons that utilize gamma-aminobutyric acid as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011988 increased mating frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001377 abnormal mating frequency increased number of attempts of sexual behavioral contact between an initiating organism and a receptive partner http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011990 decreased porphyrin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011989 abnormal porphyrin level reduced concentration of porphyrins or protoporphyrins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011991 aortic cartilaginous metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000272 abnormal aorta morphology transformation of cells comprising the aorta epithelium to arterial chondrocytes that express type II collagen, resulting in heterotopic formation of cartilage and may lead to calcification in the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011992 increased erythrocyte catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011593 increased catalase activity greater capacity to catalyze the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O, in erythorcytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011993 increased foot pad temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005533 increased body temperature increased degree of heat natural to the foot pad-environment interface of a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011994 increased nerve conduction velocity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005403 abnormal nerve conduction increase in the rate at which an electrical impulse travels through a nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011995 decreased leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010283 decreased classified tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms derived from blood or bone marrow in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011998 decreased embryonic cilium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004131 abnormal motile primary cilium morphology reduced length of the cilia of the mouse embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012000 abnormal limb position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology anomaly in the location or orientation of the limbs on the body relative to other body parts or axes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012001 abnormal touch escape response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002067 abnormal sensory capabilities/reflexes/nociception anomaly in the ability of an animal to respond to the approach of a human hand by fleeing from it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012002 impaired touch escape response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012001 abnormal touch escape response impaired ability of an animal to respond to the approach of a human hand by fleeing from it, including fleeing only after a touch or stroke, or not responding to touch by fleeing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012003 abnormal septum of telencephalon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000787 abnormal telencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the gray matter structures of the telencephalon and limbic system in the brain; included is the cortical septal area, subcortical septal nuclei, and the septum pellucidum; however, many authorities consider the septal region to be made up of the septal area and the septal nuclei, but excluding the septum pellucidum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012004 abnormal septum pellucidum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012003 abnormal septum of telencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the thin, triangular, vertical membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the septum, which has strong projections to hypothalamic and midbrain regions and receives projections from the hippocampus and amygdala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012005 abnormal septum pellucidum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012004 abnormal septum pellucidum morphology anomaly in the size of the thin, triangular, vertical membrane separating the anterior horns of the left and righ of the septum, which has strong projections to hypothalamic and midbrain regions and receives projections from the hippocampus and amygdala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012006 abnormal hippocampus physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly related to processes in the deep lying structure of the cerebrum involved with memory storage and spatial navigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012008 delayed parturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002907 abnormal parturition the process of labor and delivery in female animals occurs later in gestation than expected or lack of progress in a labor already initiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012009 early parturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002907 abnormal parturition the process of labor and delivery in female animals occurs earlier in gestation than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012010 parturition failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002907 abnormal parturition the process of labor and delivery in female animals does not initiate or complete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012011 febrile seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002064 seizures a convulsion associated with a significant rise in body temperature (fever) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012012 abnormal innate olfactory avoidance response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012013 abnormal innate avoidance response any anomaly in the naive behavioral response of an individual to an aversive olfactory stimulus, in which the tendency to act defensively is stronger than the tendency to attack http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012013 abnormal innate avoidance response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002572 abnormal emotion/affect behavior any anomaly in the naive behavioral response of an individual to an aversive stimulus, in which the tendency to act defensively is stronger than the tendency to attack http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012014 abnormal olfactory neuron innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000968 abnormal sensory neuron innervation pattern any changes in the placement, morphology or number of axons from olfactory neurons to an effector tissue or to olfactory glomeruli or olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012015 abnormal eumelanosome eumelanin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013314 abnormal eumelanosome morphology anomaly in the amount or distribution of black (or brown) pigment in the eumelanosomes of melanocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012016 abnormal hair follicle eumelanosome eumelanin content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012015 abnormal eumelanosome eumelanin content anomaly in the amount or distribution of black (or brown) pigment in the eumelanosomes of the hair follicle melanocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012017 grizzled coat color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation amount and distribution of yellow pigment (phaeomelanin) relative to black or brown pigment (eumelanin) is decreased compared to wild-type agouti producing hair that is partly gray or streaked with gray http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012019 abnormal oviduct epithelium motile cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013209 abnormal motile cilium physiology any functional anomaly of the multiple epithelial tiny, motile hair-like projections, which have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beat with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promote transport of fluids and other cells across the epithelium of the oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012020 abnormal olfactory epithelium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014200 abnormal respiratory epithelium physiology any functional anomaly in the epithelial cells that line the interior of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012021 abnormal melanocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002877 abnormal melanocyte morphology deviation from the average number of the cells that produce pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012022 increased melanocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012021 abnormal melanocyte number greater number of the cells that produce pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012023 decreased melanocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012021 abnormal melanocyte number reduced number of the cells that produce pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012024 abnormal nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003881 abnormal nephron morphology any anomaly in the process in which the nephron is generated and organized; the nephron is the filtering unit of the kidney that includes the renal corpuscle, proximal and distal convoluted tubules, and loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012025 abnormal comma shaped body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012024 abnormal nephron morphogenesis any structural anomaly of precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012026 abnormal S-shaped body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012024 abnormal nephron morphogenesis any structural anomaly of the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012027 abnormal embryonic cilium location or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004131 abnormal motile primary cilium morphology embryonic cilia are displaced from the normal position and/or do not orient in a typical pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology any anomaly in the pattern of the graphic record of the integrated ensemble response from many vision related neuronal and glial populations as a consequence of the serial processing within the retina, represented as changes in voltage over time after visual photonic stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012030 abnormal a-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012034 abnormal a-wave shape anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the a-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012031 abnormal b-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012035 abnormal b-wave shape anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the b-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012032 abnormal ERG latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature anomaly in the time from onset of stimulus to beginning of a waveform feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012033 abnormal ERG implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature anomaly in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of a waveform feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012034 abnormal a-wave shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature any anomaly in the graphical representation of the a-wave in the electroretinogram; the a-wave represents the general physiological health of the photoreceptors in the outer retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012035 abnormal b-wave shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature any anomaly in the graphical representation of the b-wave in the electroretinogram; the b-wave represents the health of the inner layers of the retina, including the ON bipolar cells and the Muller cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012036 abnormal a-wave latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012032 abnormal ERG latency anomaly in the time from onset of stimulus to beginning of the a-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012037 abnormal b-wave latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012032 abnormal ERG latency anomaly in the time from onset of stimulus to beginning of the b-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012038 abnormal a-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012033 abnormal ERG implicit time anomaly in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the a-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012039 abnormal b-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012033 abnormal ERG implicit time anomaly in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the b-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012040 abnormal c-wave shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature any anomaly in the graphical representation of the c-wave in the electroretinogram; the ERG c-wave can be used to assess the functional integrity of the photoreceptors, the pigment epithelial cells and the interactions between them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012041 increased susceptibility to pulmonary hyaline membrane formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031106 abnormal susceptibility to pulmonary hyaline membrane formation increased likelihood of the presence of an eosinophilic hyaline (glass-like) material composed of fibrin, proteinaceous exudate and cellular debris, and lining or filling the alveoli, alveolar ducts and bronchioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012042 low alcohol preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001425 abnormal alcohol consumption decreased predilection to ingest alcohol over other substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012043 increased myoepithelioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010273 increased classified tumor incidence greater than the expected occurrence of a benign tumor of myoepithelial cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012044 abnormal phospholipase A2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level any anomaly in the amount of any of the enzymes that hydrolize the acyl group attached to the two-position of phosphoglycerides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012045 increased susceptibility to hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000231 hypertension more likely than normal to develop sustained high blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012046 decreased susceptibility to hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000231 hypertension less likely than normal to develop sustained high blood pressure at a level that is likely to result in cardiovascular disease and/or other pathological states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012047 abnormal cholinesterase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level anomaly in the amount of any of the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012048 abnormal response to retina ischemic injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology altered response to lack of adequate blood flow, due to trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012049 increased susceptilbility to retina ischemic injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012048 abnormal response to retina ischemic injury more severe response, such as increased incidence and/or size of necrotic tissue, to lack of adequate blood flow resulting from trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of the retina compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012050 decreased susceptilbility to retina ischemic injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012048 abnormal response to retina ischemic injury less severe response, such as decreased incidence and/or size of necrotic tissue, to lack of adequate blood flow resulting from trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of the retina compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012051 spasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement a motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes and increased resistance to stretch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012052 hypertonicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012051 spasticity abnormally increased muscle tone or strength that impairs proper movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012053 limb hypertonicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012052 hypertonicity limbs exhibit abnormally increased muscle tone; can be due to muscle genetic defects or some CNS disorders and may be evident in arm or leg deformities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012054 abnormal phrenic nerve innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation any changes in the placement, morphology or number of phrenic nerve fibers providing motor supply to the diaphragm as well as sensory fibers to the central tendon, or in the thorax, phrenic nerve sensory fibers to the mediastinal pleura and pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012055 abnormal phrenic nerve innervation pattern to diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012054 abnormal phrenic nerve innervation pattern any changes in the placement, morphology or number of the portion of phrenic nerve fibers providing motor supply to the diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012058 abnormal morula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014137 abnormal preimplantation embryo morphology any structural anomaly of the globular solid mass of blastomeres formed by cleavage of a zygote that typically precedes the blastula, typically after the zygote has divided into 32 cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012059 thick diaphragm muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002279 abnormal diaphragm morphology increased thickness of the diaphragm muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012060 diaphragm muscle hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002279 abnormal diaphragm morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the diaphragm muscle, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012061 abnormal diaphragm central tendon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005503 abnormal tendon morphology any structural anomaly of the three-lobed cloverleaf-shaped aponeurosis situated at the center of the diaphragm; the central tendon is fused with the fibrous pericardium that provides attachment for the muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012062 small tail bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002861 abnormal tail bud morphology decreased size or area of the primordial region of the embryo that arises to form the tail of the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012063 absent tail bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002861 abnormal tail bud morphology missing the primordial region of the embryo that arises to form the tail of the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012064 abnormal astrocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002182 abnormal astrocyte morphology anomaly in the number of the large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012066 decreased astrocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012064 abnormal astrocyte number reduction in the number of the large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012067 abnormal olfactory gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005499 abnormal olfactory system morphology any structural anomaly of the Bowman's glands (aka glands of Bowman, olfactory glands), situated in the olfactory mucosa, beneath the olfactory epithelium, in the lamina propria, a connective tissue also containing fibroblasts, blood vessels, and bundles of fine axons from the olfactory neurons; Bowman's glands consists of an acinus in the lamina propria and a secretory duct going out through the olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012068 abnormal globose cell of olfactory epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008789 abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the rounded or elliptical epithelial cells, with pale-staining open face nucleus and pale cytoplasm rich in free ribosomes and clusters of centrioles, that form a distinct basal zone spaced slightly from the basal surface of the olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012069 abnormal horizontal basal cell of olfactory epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008789 abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the flat or angular epithelial cell with condensed nuclei and darkly staining cytoplasm containing numerous intermediate filaments inserted into desmosomes contacting surrounding supporting cells, that lie in contact with the basal lamina of olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012070 abnormal susceptibility to osteoporosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure a change in the likelihood that an organism will develop a reduction in bone mass or atrophy of skeletal tissue, usually accompanied by gross changes to bone matrix, leading to bone fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012071 increased susceptibility to osteoporosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012070 abnormal susceptibility to osteoporosis greater likelihood that an organism will develop a reduction in bone mass or atrophy of skeletal tissue, usually accompanied by gross changes to bone matrix, leading to bone fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012072 decreased susceptibility to osteoporosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012070 abnormal susceptibility to osteoporosis reduced likelihood that an organism will develop a reduction in bone mass or atrophy of skeletal tissue, usually accompanied by gross changes to bone matrix, leading to bone fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012073 premature mammary gland growth during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006269 abnormal mammary gland growth during pregnancy faster progression of the extensive and rapid branching of the mammary ducts, expansion of mammary epithelium in the stroma between the ducts with or without abnormalities in nipple maturation in preparation for lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012074 failure of mammary gland growth during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012075 impaired mammary gland growth during pregnancy arrest, or failure to initiate the extensive and rapid branching of the mammary ducts, expansion of mammary epithelium in the stroma between the ducts with or without abnormalities in nipple maturation in preparation for lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012075 impaired mammary gland growth during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006269 abnormal mammary gland growth during pregnancy defect in the extensive and rapid branching of the mammary ducts, expansion of mammary epithelium in the stroma between the ducts with or without abnormalities in nipple maturation in preparation for lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012077 webbed neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030528 abnormal neck skin morphology the skin on the neck appears as loose folds that develop a web-like appearance from the ears to the shoulder during growth and maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012078 abnormal tail ring morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001191 abnormal skin condition any structural anomaly of the segmentally patterned skin ridges appearing on the tail of rodents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012080 chylous ascites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005324 ascites the extravasation of milky triglyceride-rich chyle into the peritoneal cavity; often a secondary symptom of neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012081 absent heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000270 abnormal heart tube morphology absence of the primitive epithelial cardiac tube before the division into the chambers of the mature heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012082 delayed heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development late onset of the induction and/or differentiation of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012083 absent foregut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000474 abnormal foregut morphology absence of the anterior portion of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo that lies cephalic to the junction of the yolk stalk, consists of endodermal tissue, and gives rise to the pharynx, lower respiratory system, esophagus, stomach, duodenum proximal to the biliary tract, liver, pancreas, biliary tract, and gall bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012084 truncated foregut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000474 abnormal foregut morphology shortened foregut that terminates abruptly as if having an end or point cut off http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012085 midface hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030095 abnormal midface morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the midface, typically resulting in decreased size and leading to a concave-looking face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012086 absent hindgut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008786 abnormal hindgut morphology absence of the caudal portion of the primitive digestive tube of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012087 absent midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology absence of the brain region derived from the middle of the three cerebral vesicles of the embryo; this region controls sensory and motor functions in the adult, including eye movement and coordination of auditory and visual reflexes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012088 abnormal midbrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000897 abnormal midbrain morphology deviation from the average range of midbrain size compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012089 decreased midbrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012088 abnormal midbrain size size reduction or truncation of the brain region derived from the middle of the three cerebral vesicles of the embryo; this region controls sensory and motor functions in the adult, including eye movement and coordination of auditory and visual reflexes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012090 midbrain hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012089 decreased midbrain size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the midbrain, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012092 diencephalon hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the diencephalon, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012093 absent nodal flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008933 abnormal motile primary cilium physiology absence of the leftward movement of extra-embryonic fluid at the ventral node; nodal flow is autonomously generated by the rotation of cilia that are tilted toward the posterior on cells of the ventral node and is the central process in symmetry breaking on the left-right axis; when nodal cilia are immotile or absent, nodal flow does not occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012094 abnormal Reichert's membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003954 abnormal Reichert's membrane morphology anomaly in the width of the extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal parietal endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012095 increased Reichert's membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012094 abnormal Reichert's membrane thickness increased width of the extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal parietal endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012096 decreased Reichert's membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012094 abnormal Reichert's membrane thickness reduced width of the extraembryonic basement membrane that forms on the inner surface of the trophectoderm during placenta morphogenesis and is secreted by the distal parietal endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012097 abnormal spongiotrophoblast size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004255 abnormal spongiotrophoblast layer morphology anomaly in the size of the middle layer of the placenta between the outermost giant cells and the innermost labyrinth layer; it has a structural role and also produces several layer-specific secreted factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012098 increased spongiotrophoblast size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012097 abnormal spongiotrophoblast size greater size of the middle layer of the placenta between the outermost giant cells and the innermost labyrinth layer; it has a structural role and also produces several layer-specific secreted factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012099 decreased spongiotrophoblast size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012097 abnormal spongiotrophoblast size reduction of the size of the middle layer of the placenta between the outermost giant cells and the innermost labyrinth layer; it has a structural role and also produces several layer-specific secreted factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012100 absent spongiotrophoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004255 abnormal spongiotrophoblast layer morphology absence of the middle layer of the placenta between the outermost giant cells and the innermost labyrinth layer; it has a structural role and also produces several layer-specific secreted factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012101 acoria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001317 abnormal pupil morphology absence of the pupil of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012102 absent trophectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005028 abnormal trophectoderm morphology absence of the outermost layer of cells in the blastodermic vesicle, which will develop into the trophoblast layer and then contact the endometrium and take part in establishing the embryo's means of nutrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012104 small amniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011199 abnormal amniotic cavity morphology reduced size of the closed space between the embryo and the amnion which contains the amniotic fluid and is formed by the fusion of the parts of the anterior and posterior amniotic folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012105 delayed gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001695 abnormal gastrulation late onset of the development and invagination of the embryonic germ layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012108 increased trophoblast glycogen cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008958 abnormal trophoblast glycogen cell morphology greater number of the glycogen-accumulating trophoblast cells that arise in the junctional zone of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012109 decreased trophoblast glycogen cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008958 abnormal trophoblast glycogen cell morphology reduced number of the glycogen-accumulating trophoblast cells that arise in the junctional zone of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012110 increased hair follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology greater number of the epidermal invaginations from which the hair shaft develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012111 failure of morula compaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology inability to initiate or maintain the first cell differentiation event in mammalian development, occurring at the late eight-cell stage in the mouse, whereby cells on the outer part of the morula become flattened and bound tightly together with the formation of desmosomes and gap junctions, becoming nearly indistinguishable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012112 increased inner cell mass proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004966 abnormal inner cell mass proliferation enhanced expansion rate of the inner cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012113 decreased inner cell mass proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004966 abnormal inner cell mass proliferation reduced expansion rate of the inner cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012114 absent inner cell mass proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012113 decreased inner cell mass proliferation absence of expansion of the inner cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012115 abnormal trophectoderm cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology any anomaly in the ability of a trophectoderm cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012116 increased trophectoderm cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012115 abnormal trophectoderm cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a trophectoderm cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012117 decreased trophectoderm cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012115 abnormal trophectoderm cell proliferation decrease in the expansion rate of a trophectoderm cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012118 absent trophectoderm cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012115 abnormal trophectoderm cell proliferation failure of a trophectoderm cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012119 increased trophectoderm apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of trophectoderm cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012120 trophectoderm cell degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of trophectoderm cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012121 sclerocornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001314 corneal opacity a congenital anomaly of the eye in which partial or complete corneal opacity is present and resembles the sclera, with no clear boundary between these structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012122 abnormal iris transillumination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology any anomaly in the radial light dispersion pattern of the iris when a focused light beam is passed through it; particular dispersion pattern anomalies are indicative of abnormalities in iris pigment distribution and for the presence of glaucoma, atrophy and/or infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012123 abnormal bronchoconstrictive response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology anomaly in the expected bronchoconstrictive response to provocation challenge with lipopolysaccharide, bradykinin, histamine or other antigen/allergen or agent, often measured by plethysmography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012124 increased bronchoconstrictive response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012123 abnormal bronchoconstrictive response enhanced or greater than expected bronchoconstrictive response to provocation challenge with lipopolysaccharide, bradykinin, histamine or other antigen/allergen or agent, often measured by plethysmography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012125 decreased bronchoconstrictive response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012123 abnormal bronchoconstrictive response reduction in the expected bronchoconstrictive response to provocation challenge with lipopolysaccharide, bradykinin, histamine or other antigen/allergen or agent, often measured by plethysmography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012126 abnormal placenta hemotrichorial membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology any structural anomaly of the three trophoblast cell layers found in rodent placentas between fetal blood vessels and maternal blood sinuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012127 absent placenta hemotrichorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012126 abnormal placenta hemotrichorial membrane morphology absence of the three trophoblast cell layers found in rodent placentas between fetal blood vessels and maternal blood sinuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012128 abnormal blastocyst formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009781 abnormal preimplantation embryo development atypical formation of a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula, including anomalies in the formation of a fluid-filled cavity (blastocoele) and/or initiation of inner cell mass and trophectoderm differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012129 failure of blastocyst formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012128 abnormal blastocyst formation inability to form a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012130 abnormal morula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009781 abnormal preimplantation embryo development atypical formation of the spherical embryonic mass of blastomeres formed before the blastula and resulting from cleavage of the fertilized ovum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012131 small visceral yolk sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001718 abnormal visceral yolk sac morphology reduced size of the extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012133 absent midbrain-hindbrain boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012132 abnormal midbrain-hindbrain boundary morphology absence of the midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain that is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages; normally, an organizing center located at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012134 absent umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology absence of or failure to form the connective stalk between the fetus and the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012135 embryonic-extraembryonic boundary constriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003890 abnormal embryonic-extraembryonic boundary morphology an invagination or pinching in the visceral endoderm that is centered at the boundary between embryonic and extra-embryonic regions of the developing embryo, often resulting in physical separation of embryonic and extraembryonic ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012136 absent forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology absence of the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012137 abnormal forebrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology deviation from the average range of forebrain size compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012139 increased forebrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012137 abnormal forebrain size greater than average size of the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012140 forebrain hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012139 increased forebrain size increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the forebrain, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012141 absent hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000841 abnormal hindbrain morphology absence of the part of the brain developed from the posterior of the three primary brain vesicles of the embryonic neural tube from which the metencephalon and myelencephalon are derived; the metencephalon (anterior part of the embryonic hindbrain), gives rise to the cerebellum and pons while the myelencephalon (posterior portion of the embryonic hindbrain) gives rise to the medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012142 absent amniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011199 abnormal amniotic cavity morphology absence of the closed space between the embryo and the amnion which contains the amniotic fluid and is formed by the fusion of the parts of the anterior and posterior amniotic folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012143 decreased a-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012030 abnormal a-wave amplitude reduction in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the a-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012144 decreased b-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012031 abnormal b-wave amplitude reduction in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the b-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012145 increased a-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012030 abnormal a-wave amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the a-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012146 increased b-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012031 abnormal b-wave amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the b-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012147 increased a-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012038 abnormal a-wave implicit time increase in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the a-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012148 decreased a-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012038 abnormal a-wave implicit time decrease in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the a-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012149 decreased b-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012039 abnormal b-wave implicit time decrease in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the b-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012150 increased b-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012039 abnormal b-wave implicit time increase in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the b-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012151 increased a-wave latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012036 abnormal a-wave latency increase in the time from onset of stimulus to beginning of the a-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012152 decreased a-wave latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012036 abnormal a-wave latency decrease in the time from onset of stimulus to beginning of the a-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012153 increased b-wave latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012037 abnormal b-wave latency increase in the time from onset of stimulus to beginning of the b-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012154 decreased b-wave latency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012037 abnormal b-wave latency decrease in the time from onset of stimulus to beginning of the b-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012155 abnormal optic pit morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003935 abnormal craniofacial development any structural anomaly of either of the two pits that appear bilaterally in the region destined to become the forebrain as the cranial neural folds fuse; these optic pits or sulci continue to deepen laterally and bulge from the two sides of the forebrain to become the optic vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012156 rostral-caudal axis duplication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005221 abnormal rostral-caudal axis patterning partial or complete duplication of rostral-caudal axis structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012157 rostral body truncation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005221 abnormal rostral-caudal axis patterning rostral part of body truncated; typically with the caudal portion of the body relatively normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012158 absent visceral endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011186 abnormal visceral endoderm morphology absence of the primitive endoderm-derived tissue which remains in contact with and surrounds the extra-embryonic ectoderm and the epiblast and provides signals for the differentiation and patterning of the epiblast; a small number of visceral endoderm cells also contribute to the endoderm of the embryonic gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012159 absent anterior visceral endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008533 abnormal anterior visceral endoderm morphology absence of the extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012160 expanded anterior visceral endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008533 abnormal anterior visceral endoderm morphology the extraembryonic tissue that is responsible for the proper orientation of the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo and for appropriate patterning of adjacent embryonic tissue occupies a greater area in the extraembryonic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012161 absent distal visceral endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010126 abnormal distal visceral endoderm morphology absence of the precursors of the anterior visceral endoderm that arises at the distal tip of the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012162 absent parietal endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011187 abnormal parietal endoderm morphology absence of the primitive endoderm-derived tissue that lines the luminal surface of the mural trophectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012163 abnormal dental mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology any structural anomaly of the mesenchyme enclosed by dental organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012164 abnormal conjunctiva goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004481 abnormal conjunctival epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of a goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of the conjunctiva, and is the source of tear mucins which are secreted from it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012165 absent neural folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011256 abnormal neural fold morphology absence of the elevated margins of the neural groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012166 absent neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005657 abnormal neural plate morphology absence of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells in the neuroectodermal area of the embryo's dorsal surface that develops into the neural tube and neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012168 abnormal optic placode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005545 abnormal lens development any structural anomaly of the paired thickenings of surface ectoderm that become invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012169 optic placode degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012168 abnormal optic placode morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the paired thickenings of surface ectoderm that normally become invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012170 absent optic placodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012168 abnormal optic placode morphology absence of the paired thickenings of surface ectoderm that normally become invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012171 oligohydramnios http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001784 abnormal fluid regulation presence of an abnormally low amniotic fluid volume in the amniotic sac; the opposite of polyhydramnios http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012172 abnormal amniotic fluid composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001784 abnormal fluid regulation any alteration in the expected chemical makeup of the watery liquid within the amnion that surrounds and cushions a growing fetus; normally, early in gestation, amniotic fluid is similar to maternal plasma, mainly water with electrolytes, and later in gestation, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, phospholipids originating from the lungs, fetal cells, and urea are deposited in the fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012173 short rostral-caudal axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005221 abnormal rostral-caudal axis patterning length reduction or truncation of the axis that runs from the head to the tail of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012174 flat head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape the appearance of a flattened surface outline or contour of a normally rounded head of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012175 flat face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030071 abnormal face shape the appearance of a flattened surface outline or contour of a normally rounded face of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012177 delayed head development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012176 abnormal head development late onset of the induction and/or differentiation of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012178 absent frontonasal prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009901 abnormal frontonasal prominence morphology absence of the unpaired embryonic prominence that is formed by the tissues surrounding the forebrain vesicle and develops into the forehead and bridge of the nose/snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012179 abnormal splanchnic mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010117 abnormal lateral plate mesoderm morphology any structural abnormality of the inner layer of lateral plate mesoderm, located above (dorsally) the endoderm, which forms the circulatory system and future gut wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012180 abnormal somatic mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010117 abnormal lateral plate mesoderm morphology any structural abnormality of the outer layer of lateral plate mesoderm, located under (ventrally) the ectoderm, which forms the future body wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012181 increased somite number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development increase in the average number of somites formed relative to littermates or other controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012182 abnormal presomitic mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008029 abnormal paraxial mesoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the unsegmented field of paraxial mesoderm present posterior to the most recently formed somite pair, from which somites will form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012183 decreased paraxial mesoderm size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008029 abnormal paraxial mesoderm morphology reduced size or deficiency of the mesoderm lying at either side of the midline embryonic notochord that, on segmentation, forms the paired somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012184 absent paraxial mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008029 abnormal paraxial mesoderm morphology absence or loss of the mesoderm normally found at either side of the midline embryonic notochord that, on segmentation, forms the paired somites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012185 abnormal muscle precursor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000729 abnormal myogenesis any structural anomaly of cells that will develop into muscle cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012187 abnormal intraembryonic coelom morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the coelom in the embryo between the somatopleuric and splanchnopleuric mesoderm; the principal body cavities of the trunk (thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic) arise from this embryonic part of the coelom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012188 increased regulatory T cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006413 increased T cell apoptosis increase in the number of regulatory T cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012189 decreased regulatory T cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006414 decreased T cell apoptosis decrease in the number of regulatory T cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012190 increased cytotoxic T cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006413 increased T cell apoptosis increase in the number of cytotoxic T cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012191 decreased cytotoxic T cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006414 decreased T cell apoptosis decrease in the number of cytotoxic T cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012192 abnormal keratinocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003453 abnormal keratinocyte physiology anomaly in the movement of keratinocyes or their precursors to the appropriate location in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012193 increased keratinocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012192 abnormal keratinocyte migration increased or faster movement of keratinocyes or their precursors to the appropriate location in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012194 decreased keratinocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012192 abnormal keratinocyte migration reduced or slower movement of keratinocyes or their precursors to the appropriate location in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012195 impaired neural crest cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology abnormal or arrest of differentiation of the transient and highly migratory group of cells that delaminate in early embryonic development from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to a variety of differentiated cell types http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012196 abnormal myofibroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation anomaly in the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myofibroblast, a cell that has characteristics of both a fibroblast cell and a smooth muscle cell and is reportedly capable of secreting IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012197 impaired myofibroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012196 abnormal myofibroblast differentiation reduced ability or inability to produce myofibroblasts, cells that have characteristics of both a fibroblast cell and a smooth muscle cell and are reportedly capable of secreting IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012198 absent interphalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012199 abnormal interphalangeal joint morphology absence of a hinge joint(s) that connects one phalanx to another along a proximodistal axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012199 abnormal interphalangeal joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of a hinge joint that connects one phalanx to another along a proximodistal axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012200 increased endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012202 abnormal endothelial cell proliferation greater expansion rate of a endothelial cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012201 decreased endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012202 abnormal endothelial cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a endothelial cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012202 abnormal endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000350 abnormal cell proliferation anomaly in the ability of an endothelial cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012203 abnormal neuronal stem cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development any structural anomaly of an undifferentiated cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012204 abnormal neuronal stem cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of an undifferentiated cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012205 abnormal neuronal stem cell self-renewal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012204 abnormal neuronal stem cell physiology any anomaly in the process by which stem cells divide and proliferate to make more stem cells, perpetuating the stem cell pool; self-renewal is division with maintenance of the undifferentiated state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012206 increased neuronal stem cell self-renewal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012205 abnormal neuronal stem cell self-renewal an increased rate in the process by which stem cells divide and proliferate to make more stem cells, perpetuating an increase in the stem cell pool; self-renewal is division with maintenance of the undifferentiated state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012207 decreased neuronal stem cell self-renewal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012205 abnormal neuronal stem cell self-renewal a decreased rate in the process by which stem cells divide and proliferate to make more stem cells, perpetuating an decrease in the stem cell pool; self-renewal is division with maintenance of the undifferentiated state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012208 abnormal hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level altered level of the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate via transfer of the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012209 decreased hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012208 abnormal hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level reduced level of the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate via transfer of the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012210 increased hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012208 abnormal hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level greater level of the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate via transfer of the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012211 decreased thalamus hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012209 decreased hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level reduced level in the thalamus of the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate via transfer of the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012212 increased thalamus hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012210 increased hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level greater level in the thalmus of the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate via transfer of the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012213 decreased hypothalamus hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012209 decreased hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level reduced level in the hypothalamus of the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate via transfer of the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012214 increased hypothalamus hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012210 increased hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase level greater level in the hypothalmus of the enzyme that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate via transfer of the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012215 abnormal plasmalogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012220 abnormal ether lipid level anomaly in the amount of the glycerophospholipid class of lipids that contain a vinyl ether moiety at the sn-1-position of the glycerol backbone and are and enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012216 decreased plasmalogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012215 abnormal plasmalogen level reduction in the amount of the glycerophospholipid class of lipids that contain a vinyl ether moiety at the sn-1-position of the glycerol backbone and are and enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012217 increased plasmalogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012215 abnormal plasmalogen level greater amount of the glycerophospholipid class of lipids that contain a vinyl ether moiety at the sn-1-position of the glycerol backbone and are and enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012218 decreased brain plasmalogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012216 decreased plasmalogen level reduction in the amount in the brain of the glycerophospholipid class of lipids that contain a vinyl ether moiety at the sn-1-position of the glycerol backbone and are and enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012219 increased brain plasmalogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012217 increased plasmalogen level greater amount in the brain of the glycerophospholipid class of lipids that contain a vinyl ether moiety at the sn-1-position of the glycerol backbone and are and enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012220 abnormal ether lipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004777 abnormal phospholipid level anomaly in the amount of lipids in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012221 abnormal circulating prothrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level anomaly in the blood level of an inactive plasma serine protease precursor produced in the liver in the presence of vitamin K which is proteolytically cleaved into active thrombin by the action of various components (as thromboplastin) of the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012222 decreased circulating prothrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012221 abnormal circulating prothrombin level reduction in the blood level of an inactive plasma serine protease precursor produced in the liver in the presence of vitamin K which is proteolytically cleaved into active thrombin by the action of various components (as thromboplastin) of the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012223 increased circulating prothrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012221 abnormal circulating prothrombin level greater blood level of an inactive plasma serine protease precursor produced in the liver in the presence of vitamin K which is proteolytically cleaved into active thrombin by the action of various components (as thromboplastin) of the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012229 abnormal sulfoglycosphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012233 abnormal acidic glycosphingolipid level anomaly in the concentration or amount of the sulfolipids that contribute to myelin function and stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012231 abnormal ganglioside level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012233 abnormal acidic glycosphingolipid level any anomaly in the concentration of the molecule composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids linked on the sugar chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012232 abnormal ceramide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012230 abnormal sphingolipid level any anomaly in the concentration of the subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid, where the fatty acids are typically saturated or monounsaturated with chain lengths from 14 to 26 carbon atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012233 abnormal acidic glycosphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020194 abnormal glycosphingolipid level anomaly in the amount of any of a subclass of glycosphingolipids that contain large polar heads composed of several sugar units and have one or more of their terminal sugar units bound to a negatively charged molecule at pH 7; negative charges can be provided by sialic acids (gangliosides), uronic acids (uronoglycosphingolipids), sulfates (sulfoglycosphingolipids), phosphates (phosphoglycosphingolipids), and phosphonates (phosphonoglycosphingolipids) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012234 abnormal hepatic diverticulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003943 abnormal hepatobiliary system development any structural anomaly of the out-pocket of thickened ventral foregut epithelium adjacent to the developing heart that constitutes the first morphological sign of the embryonic liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012235 abnormal liver bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012234 abnormal hepatic diverticulum morphology any structural anomaly of the liver primordium formed as hepatoblasts delaminate from the anterior portion of the hepatic diverticulum and invade the adjacent septum transversum mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012236 abnormal cholangiocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelial cells of the bile duct that have primary cilia extending from their apical membrane into the ductal lumen; cholangiocytes are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and mucus secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012237 increased cholangiocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of epithelial cells of the bile duct undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012238 abnormal cholangiocyte primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012236 abnormal cholangiocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the primary cilia found on the epithelial cells of the bile duct and extending from their apical membrane into the ductal lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012239 abnormal cholangiocyte primary cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013211 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium physiology any functional anomaly of the primary cilia found on the epithelial cells of the bile duct and extending from their apical membrane into the ductal lumen; cholangiocyte cilia respond to mechanical stimuli (i.e. luminal fluid flow) by alterations in intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP and are thought to act as osmosensors that play an important role in ductal bile formation by detecting changes in luminal tonicity and inducing bicarbonate secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012240 abnormal hepatoblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003943 abnormal hepatobiliary system development any structural anomaly of the bi-potent cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012241 abnormal hepatoblast physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any functional anomaly of the bi-potent cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012242 abnormal hepatoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012240 abnormal hepatoblast morphology developmental anomaly or inability of hepatoblasts to differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012243 decreased hepatoblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012240 abnormal hepatoblast morphology reduced number of the bi-potent cells that retain the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012244 increased hepatoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012241 abnormal hepatoblast physiology increase in the number of hepatoblasts undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012245 abnormal hepatoblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012241 abnormal hepatoblast physiology atypical migration of hepatoblasts across the basement membrane of the liver bud and/or invasion of the neighboring septum transversum mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012246 abnormal hepatic cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology any structural anomaly of the three-dimensional arrangement formed by plates of hepatocytes, usually one cell thick, that radiates from the center of the liver lobule; hepatic laminae are highly branched, irregular structures bordered by endothelial lined vascular spaces called hepatic sinusoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012247 absent cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology absence of the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012248 absent dermatome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003940 abnormal dermatome morphology absence of the mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012249 absent myotome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003939 abnormal myotome morphology absence of the mesoderm that is derived from the somite that is fated to become the musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012250 absent heart valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000285 abnormal heart valve morphology failure to form all of the membranous folds of the heart that prevent reflux of fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012251 abnormal diaphragm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002279 abnormal diaphragm morphology malformation or incomplete differentiation of the thin musculomembranous barrier separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities and functioning in respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012252 abnormal septum transversum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the thick plate of mesodermal tissue that occupies the space between the thoracic cavity and yolk stalk in the early embryo, forming a transverse partition partially separating the coelomic cavity into thoracic and abdominal portions; the cranial part of the septum transversum gives rise to the central tendon of the diaphragm and is the origin of the myoblasts that invade the pleuroperitoneal folds resulting in the formation of the muscular diaphragm, and the caudal part of the septum transversum is invaded by the hepatic diverticulum which divides within it to form the liver and thus gives rise to the ventral mesentery of the foregut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012254 absent intersomitic vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012253 abnormal intersomitic vessel morphology absence of the primary blood vessel sprouts that originate from the dorsal aorta and posterior cardinal vein and align dorsoventrally at the myotomal boundaries between somites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012255 abnormal intersomitic vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012253 abnormal intersomitic vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the vein that sprouts from the posterior cardinal vein, growing dorsally between the somites, and then joining, and draining the dorsal longitudinal anastomosing vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012256 abnormal philtrum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012523 abnormal upper lip morphology any structural anomaly of the vertical groove found on the median line of the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012257 absent philtrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012256 abnormal philtrum morphology absence of the vertical groove normally found on the median line of the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012258 philtrum hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012256 abnormal philtrum morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the philtrum, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012259 meningocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000929 open neural tube a protrusion of meninges through one or more defects in the the skull or spinal column, resulting in a cyst filled with cerebrospinal fluid; nervous tissue remains unaffected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012260 encephalomeningocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology hernial protrusion of the brain and its meninges through an opening or defect in the skull, most often occurring in the occipital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012261 increased hindbrain apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014178 increased brain apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the hindbrain undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012262 abnormal hindbrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000841 abnormal hindbrain morphology deviation from the average range of hindbrain size compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012263 decreased hindbrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012262 abnormal hindbrain size size reduction or truncation of the part of the brain developed from the posterior of the three primary brain vesicles of the embryonic neural tube from which the metencephalon and myelencephalon are derived http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012264 hindbrain hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012263 decreased hindbrain size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hindbrain, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012265 increased hindbrain size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012262 abnormal hindbrain size greater than average size of the part of the brain developed from the posterior of the three primary brain vesicles of the embryonic neural tube from which the metencephalon and myelencephalon are derived http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012266 hindbrain hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012265 increased hindbrain size increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hindbrain, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012267 abnormal red nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006100 abnormal tegmentum morphology any anomaly of the pale pink structure located in the tegmentum of the midbrain next to the substantia nigra and involved in motor coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012268 absent red nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012267 abnormal red nucleus morphology absence of the pale pink structure located in the tegmentum of the midbrain next to the substantia nigra and involved in motor coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012269 nuchal edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012723 abnormal nuchal region morphology abnormal accumulation of subcutaneous fluid in the nuchal region i.e. at the back of the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012270 cardiac edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial tissues and cavities of the body due to impaired cardiac function or congestive heart failure; usually characterized by increased venous and capillary pressures and often associated with renal sodium retention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012271 abnormal chordamesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001684 abnormal axial mesoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the area of axial mesoderm that develops into the notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012272 decreased axial mesoderm size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001684 abnormal axial mesoderm morphology reduced size or deficiency of the part of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo which includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm and gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012273 axial mesoderm hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012272 decreased axial mesoderm size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the axial mesoderm, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012274 increased axial mesoderm size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001684 abnormal axial mesoderm morphology greater than average size of the part of the middle of the three primary germ layers of the embryo which includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm and gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012275 abnormal prechordal mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001684 abnormal axial mesoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012276 absent prechordal mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012275 abnormal prechordal mesoderm morphology absence of or failure to form the area of axial mesoderm that develops into the prechordal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012277 increased tail bud apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013504 increased embryonic tissue cell apoptosis increased number of cells undergoing programmed cell death in the primordial region of the embryo that arises to form the tail of the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012278 abnormal cardiogenic mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014141 abnormal mesoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the splanchnic mesoderm in the cardiogenic region where the heart develops; it gives rise to endocardial heart tubes that fuse to form the primordial cardiac tube, the heart primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012279 wide sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology an increase in the width of the long flat bone of the chest that articulates with the clavicle and first seven rib pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012280 abnormal sternebra size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004322 abnormal sternebra morphology atypical size of any of the segments of the primordial sternum of the embryo; these segments fuse to form the body of the adult vertebrate sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012281 decreased sternebra size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012280 abnormal sternebra size reduced average size of any of the segments of the primordial sternum of the embryo; these segments fuse to form the body of the adult vertebrate sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012282 abnormal sternebra number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004322 abnormal sternebra morphology deviation from the average number of the segments of the primordial sternum of the embryo; these segments fuse to form the body of the adult vertebrate sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012283 decreased sternebra number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012282 abnormal sternebra number reduced average number of the segments of the primordial sternum of the embryo; these segments fuse to form the body of the adult vertebrate sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012284 increased sternebra number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012282 abnormal sternebra number increased average number of the segments of the primordial sternum of the embryo; these segments fuse to form the body of the adult vertebrate sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012285 misaligned sternebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004322 abnormal sternebra morphology abnormal alignment of the sternebrae along the ventral midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012286 decreased frequency of paradoxical sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003194 abnormal frequency of paradoxical sleep decreased incidence or duration of the sleep stage in which dreams occur and the body undergoes marked changes including rapid eye movement, loss of reflexes, and increased pulse rate and brain activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012287 increased frequency of paradoxical sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003194 abnormal frequency of paradoxical sleep increased incidence or duration of the sleep stage in which dreams occur and the body undergoes marked changes including rapid eye movement, loss of reflexes, and increased pulse rate and brain activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012289 abnormal non-rapid eye movement sleep pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001501 abnormal sleep pattern any anomaly in the frequency or duration of the sleep stages characterized by distinct EEG patterns, decreased metabolic activity, slowed breathing and heart rate, and the absence of rapid eye movement and dreaming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012290 abnormal slow-wave sleep pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012289 abnormal non-rapid eye movement sleep pattern any anonaly in the third, or deep sleep stage of NREM sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012291 increased slow-wave sleep duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012290 abnormal slow-wave sleep pattern increased length of time of the third, or deep sleep stage of NREM sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012292 decreased slow-wave sleep duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012290 abnormal slow-wave sleep pattern reduced length of time of the third, or deep sleep stage of NREM sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012293 impaired active avoidance behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012312 impaired avoidance learning behavior impaired ability to escape a hostile environment to actively avoid the unpleasant or punishing stimuli ( e.g. shock) previously encountered in this environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012294 enhanced active avoidance behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012313 enhanced avoidance learning behavior enhanced ability to escape a hostile environment to actively avoid the unpleasant or punishing stimuli ( e.g. shock) previously encountered in this environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012295 enhanced discrimination learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012314 enhanced learning enhanced ability to exhibit a differential response to different stimuli that is achieved by the reinforcement of the desired response for each particular stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012297 hyperactivity elicited by feed restriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008911 induced hyperactivity increased activity after restriction of food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012298 hypoactivity in response to feed restriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031392 hypoactivity decreased activity after restriction of food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012299 hydropic allantois http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001726 abnormal allantois morphology excessive accumulation of fluid within the allantoic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012301 absent umbilical cord blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012300 abnormal umbilical cord blood vessel morphology absence of any of the three blood vessels, usually one large umbilical vein and two small umbilical arteries, buried within Wharton's jelly, that transport blood to and from the placenta, where exchange between the mother and fetus takes place http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012302 umbilical artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006135 artery stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of one or both umbilical arteries that carry deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012303 umbilical vein stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031477 vein stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the unpaired umbilical vein that carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012304 short umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology decreased average umbilical cord length compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012305 umbilical cord hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001725 abnormal umbilical cord morphology bleeding into or from the umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012306 enhanced spatial learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012314 enhanced learning enhanced ability to ascertain or acquire spatial location information in order to improve navigation or other behavior using such location cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012307 impaired spatial learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012315 impaired learning impaired ability to ascertain or acquire spatial location information in order to improve navigation or other behavior using such location cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012308 salt preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001432 abnormal food preference subjects demonstrate predilection for salty tasting substances over other offered substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012309 abnormal ductus caroticus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004787 abnormal dorsal aorta morphology any structural anomaly of the segment of dorsal aorta located between the third (III) and fourth (IV) aortic arches; it normally regresses early in development to allow the carotid axis to take its definitive appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012310 persistent ductus caroticus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012309 abnormal ductus caroticus morphology uni- or bilateral persistence of the segment of dorsal aorta located between the third (III) and fourth (IV) aortic arches, which normally regresses early in development; persistence of ductus caroticus with regression of third arch or fourth arch causes the internal and external carotid arteries to arise from the aortic arch on the left side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012311 decreased defecation amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020147 abnormal defecation amount decrease in the amount of discharge of feces from the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012314 enhanced learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning enhanced ability to aquire lasting change in behavior that is the result of experience http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012315 impaired learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning impaired ability to aquire lasting change in behavior that is the result of experience http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012318 slow extinction of fear memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003106 abnormal fear-related response impaired ability or inability to extinguish aversive memories associated with a traumatic incident http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012319 fast extinction of fear memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003106 abnormal fear-related response enhanced ability to extinguish aversive memories associated with a traumatic incident http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012320 abnormal body fat mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005451 abnormal body composition aberrant physical bulk or volume of fat in the whole body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012321 abnormal total tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005451 abnormal body composition aberrant physical bulk or volume of the body including lean body mass, fat body mass, and bone tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012324 abnormal circulating antithrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level aberrant blood level of the family of glycoproteins which neutralize the ability of thrombin to promote blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012325 decreased circulating antithrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012324 abnormal circulating antithrombin level lower than normal levels of the family of glycoproteins which neutralize the ability of thrombin to promote blood coagulation; low levels are associated with vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012326 increased circulating antithrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012324 abnormal circulating antithrombin level higher than normal levels of the family of glycoproteins which neutralize the ability of thrombin to promote blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012327 abnormal circulating factor VIII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level aberrant levels of the antihemophilic factor that is part of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor complex; it is produced in the liver and acts in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation; it serves as a cofactor in factor X activation and this action is markedly enhanced by small amounts of thrombin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012328 decreased circulating factor VIII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012327 abnormal circulating factor VIII level reduced levels of the antihemophilic factor that is part of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor complex; it is produced in the liver and acts in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation; it serves as a cofactor in factor X activation and this action is markedly enhanced by small amounts of thrombin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012329 increased circulating factor VIII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012327 abnormal circulating factor VIII level greater levels of the antihemophilic factor that is part of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor complex; it is produced in the liver and acts in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation; it serves as a cofactor in factor X activation and this action is markedly enhanced by small amounts of thrombin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012330 decreased circulating fibrinogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010213 abnormal circulating fibrinogen level reduced levels in the blood of a globulin that is converted into fibrin by the action of thrombin in the presence of ionized calcium to produce coagulation of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012331 increased circulating fibrinogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010213 abnormal circulating fibrinogen level greater levels in the blood of a globulin that is converted into fibrin by the action of thrombin in the presence of ionized calcium to produce coagulation of the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012332 decreased circulating fibronectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011912 abnormal circulating fibronectin level reduced blood level of the glycoprotein that binds to integrins or components of the extracellular matrix; plays a major role in cell adhesion, growth, migration, differentiation, wound healing, and embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012333 increased circulating fibronectin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011912 abnormal circulating fibronectin level greater blood level of the glycoprotein that binds to integrins or components of the extracellular matrix; plays a major role in cell adhesion, growth, migration, differentiation, wound healing, and embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012334 decreased circulating homocysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006076 abnormal circulating homocysteine level reduced amount in the blood of sulfur-containing alpha-amino acid found in the plasma; blood levels are regulated by folic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012335 increased circulating homocysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006076 abnormal circulating homocysteine level greater amount in the blood of sulfur-containing alpha-amino acid found in the plasma; blood levels are regulated by folic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012336 decreased vitamin D level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011228 abnormal vitamin D level reduced level of vitamin D, any of a group of related, fat-soluble compounds that are derived from delta-5,7 steroids and play a central role in calcium metabolism; specific forms of vitamin D include calciferol (ergocalciferol; vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (calciol; vitamin D3) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012337 increased vitamin D level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011228 abnormal vitamin D level greater level of vitamin D, any of a group of related, fat-soluble compounds that are derived from delta-5,7 steroids and play a central role in calcium metabolism; specific forms of vitamin D include calciferol (ergocalciferol; vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (calciol; vitamin D3) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012338 decreased bile salt level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004774 abnormal bile salt level reduced level of the steroid salts derived from cholesterol in the liver, produced as bile acids and secreted in the biliary system as bile salts; these play an important role in the digestion and absorption of fats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012339 hyperkalemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005627 increased circulating potassium level excessively high concentrations of potassium in the circulating blood; may be due to renal insufficiency or to mineralocorticoid deficiency or resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012340 decreased testicular teratoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012417 decreased reproductive system tumor incidence less than the expected number of a usually benign tumor found in the testis that is the result of an anomaly of germ cell development, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; teratomas typically contains a diversity of tissues often representing all organ systems such as hair, teeth, bone, thyroid, or nerve tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012341 low preference for an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002553 preference for addictive substance reduced behavioral response induced by a foreign compound, such as low consumption preference, low induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012342 high preference for an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002553 preference for addictive substance enhanced behavioral response induced by a foreign compound, such as high consumption preference, high induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012343 increased gnawing activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement increased biting or chewing on something http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012344 decreased gnawing activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement decreased biting or chewing on something http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012345 increased tail rattling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001391 abnormal tail movements increased movement of the tail in rapid succession http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012346 decreased tail rattling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001391 abnormal tail movements decreased movement of the tail in rapid succession http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012347 low sweet preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001432 abnormal food preference subjects demonstrate a low predilection for sweet tasting substances over other offered substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012350 increased aggression towards males in competition for females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002566 abnormal sexual interaction when compared to controls, subjects exhibit greater than the normal level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action toward males when in competition for females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012351 cornea degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012352 progressive cornea degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012351 cornea degeneration the state or process of the cornea deteriorating progressively over time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012353 bilateral cornea degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012351 cornea degeneration the state or process of the cornea deteriorating in both eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012354 abnormal prothrombin time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation abnormal amount of time it takes plasma to clot after the addition of tissue factor e.g., platelet tissue factor, factor III, thromboplastin, CD142; measure of the quality of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012355 decreased prothrombin time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012354 abnormal prothrombin time decreased amount of time it takes plasma to clot after the addition of tissue factor e.g., platelet tissue factor, factor III, thromboplastin, CD142; measure of the quality of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012356 increased prothrombin time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012354 abnormal prothrombin time increased amount of time it takes plasma to clot after the addition of tissue factor e.g., platelet tissue factor, factor III, thromboplastin, CD142; measure of the quality of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012357 abnormal partial thromboplastin time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation abnormal amount of time it takes blood to clot after the addition of phospholipid, calcium, and an activator, e.g., silica, kaolin; measure of the quality of the intrinsic and common coagulation pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012358 decreased partial thromboplastin time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012357 abnormal partial thromboplastin time decreased amount of time it takes blood to clot after the addition of phospholipid, calcium, and an activator, e.g., silica, kaolin; measure of the quality of the intrinsic and common coagulation pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012359 increased partial thromboplastin time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012357 abnormal partial thromboplastin time increased amount of time it takes blood to clot after the addition of phospholipid, calcium, and an activator, e.g., silica, kaolin; measure of the quality of the intrinsic and common coagulation pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012360 abnormal large unstained cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000716 abnormal immune system cell morphology aberrant number of larger than normal cells which are unstained using routine blood count methodologies; large unstained cells (LUC) are larger than normal lymphocytes, and may be atypical lymphocytes, myeloperoxidase deficient cells or peroxidase negative blasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012361 decreased large unstained cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012360 abnormal large unstained cell number decreased number of larger than normal cells which are unstained using routine blood count methodologies; large unstained cells (LUC) are larger than normal lymphocytes, and may be atypical lymphocytes, myeloperoxidase deficient cells or peroxidase negative blasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012362 increased large unstained cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012360 abnormal large unstained cell number increased number of larger than normal cells which are unstained using routine blood count methodologies; large unstained cells (LUC) are larger than normal lymphocytes, and may be atypical lymphocytes, myeloperoxidase deficient cells or peroxidase negative blasts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012363 abnormal erythrocyte sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology anomaly in the amount in red blood cells of sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012364 decreased erythrocyte sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012363 abnormal erythrocyte sodium level decrease in the amount in red blood cells of sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012365 increased erythrocyte sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012363 abnormal erythrocyte sodium level increase in the amount in red blood cells of sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012366 abnormal erythrocyte magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology anomaly in the amount in red blood cells of magnesium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012367 decreased erythrocyte magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012366 abnormal erythrocyte magnesium level decrease in the amount in red blood cells of magnesium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012368 increased erythrocyte magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012366 abnormal erythrocyte magnesium level increase in the amount in red blood cells of magnesium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012369 abnormal erythrocyte potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002668 abnormal circulating potassium level anomaly in the amount in red blood cells of potassium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012370 decreased erythrocyte potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012369 abnormal erythrocyte potassium level decrease in the amount in red blood cells of potassium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012371 increased erythrocyte potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012369 abnormal erythrocyte potassium level increase in the amount in red blood cells of potassium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012372 abnormal erythrocyte ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002447 abnormal erythrocyte morphology abnormal quantity in red blood cells of atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012373 abnormal erythrocyte magnesium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012372 abnormal erythrocyte ion content abnormal quantity in red blood cells of magnesium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012374 decreased erythrocyte magnesium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012373 abnormal erythrocyte magnesium ion content decreased quantity in red blood cells of magnesium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012375 increased erythrocyte magnesium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012373 abnormal erythrocyte magnesium ion content increased quantity in red blood cells of magnesium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012376 abnormal erythrocyte potassium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012372 abnormal erythrocyte ion content abnormal quantity in red blood cells of potassium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012377 decreased erythrocyte potassium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012376 abnormal erythrocyte potassium ion content decreased quantity in red blood cells of potassium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012378 increased erythrocyte potassium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012376 abnormal erythrocyte potassium ion content increased quantity in red blood cells of potassium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012379 abnormal erythrocyte sodium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012372 abnormal erythrocyte ion content abnormal quantity in red blood cells of sodium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012380 decreased erythrocyte sodium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012379 abnormal erythrocyte sodium ion content decreased quantity in red blood cells of sodium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012381 increased erythrocyte sodium ion content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012379 abnormal erythrocyte sodium ion content increased quantity in red blood cells of sodium atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012384 abnormal erythrocyte ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003656 abnormal erythrocyte physiology aberrant measurable or observable characteristic related to the movement in red blood cells of atoms carrying an electric charge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012385 abnormal erythrocyte potassium:chloride symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012384 abnormal erythrocyte ion transport aberrant catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012386 decreased erythrocyte potassium:chloride symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012385 abnormal erythrocyte potassium:chloride symporter activity decreased catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012387 increased erythrocyte potassium:chloride symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012385 abnormal erythrocyte potassium:chloride symporter activity increased catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012388 abnormal erythrocyte sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012384 abnormal erythrocyte ion transport aberrant catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012389 decreased erythrocyte sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012388 abnormal erythrocyte sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity decreased catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012390 increased erythrocyte sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012388 abnormal erythrocyte sodium:hydrogen antiporter activity increased catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012391 abnormal erythrocyte sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012384 abnormal erythrocyte ion transport aberrant catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012392 decreased erythrocyte sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012391 abnormal erythrocyte sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity decreased catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012393 increased erythrocyte sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012391 abnormal erythrocyte sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity increased catalysis in red blood cells of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012394 abnormal erythrocyte calcium-activated potassium channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012384 abnormal erythrocyte ion transport aberrant catalysis in red blood cells of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012395 decreased erythrocyte calcium-activated potassium channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012394 abnormal erythrocyte calcium-activated potassium channel activity decreased catalysis in red blood cells of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012396 increased erythrocyte calcium-activated potassium channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012394 abnormal erythrocyte calcium-activated potassium channel activity increased catalysis in red blood cells of the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012398 decreased nucleated erythrocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012397 abnormal nucleated erythrocyte cell number decreased numbers of nucleated red blood cells at stages when these cells are normally replaced by mature, enucleated, red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012399 short nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology decrease in the length of the nails http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012400 nail dystrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology the presence of misshapen or partially destroyed nail plates, fequently with keratin often accumulating between the dystrophic nail plate and nail bed; often due to trauma or infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012402 abnormal nail bed morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology any structural anomaly of the dermis and epidermis directly below the nail plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012403 abnormal nail plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology any structural anomally of the hard and translucent portion of the nail, composed of keratin, which serves to protect the tips of digits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012404 abnormal nail color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology a variation in an expected nail color, that may be due to infection, inflammation or other causes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012405 abnormal nail matrix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000579 abnormal nail morphology any structural anomaly of the nail-forming area of the nail bed comprised of a germinal matrix, responsible for most of the nail production, and the sterile matrix, a secondary site of nail production which is tightly adherent to the nail plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012406 increased stomach glandular epithelium tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010301 increased stomach tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the stomach glandular epithelium in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012407 increased gastric gastrinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012406 increased stomach glandular epithelium tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of an epithelial tumor in the stomach that secretes an excess of gastrin, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012408 increased duodenum glandular epithelium tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010279 increased gastrointestinal tumor incidence greater than the expected number of tumors originating in the duodenal glandular epithelium in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012409 increased duodenal gastrinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012408 increased duodenum glandular epithelium tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of an epithelial tumor in the duodenum that secretes an excess of gastrin, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012410 increased pancreatic gastrinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009153 increased pancreas tumor incidence higher than normal incidence of a tumor in the pancreas that secretes an excess of gastrin, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012411 increased granulosa cell tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008000 increased ovary tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms derived from somatic cells of the sex cord in the ovary a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012412 increased Type B reticulum cell tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010296 increased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplasms derived from reticulum cells in a given population in a given time period; type B neoplasms are tumors of mixed cellularity of reticulum cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012413 decreased muscle tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in muscle tissue in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012414 decreased rhabdomyosarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012415 decreased sarcoma incidence less than the expected number of a malignant tumor derived from skeletal (striated) muscle, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012415 decreased sarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010283 decreased classified tumor incidence less than the expected number of a connective tissue neoplasm associated with the proliferation of embryonically-derived mesodermal cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012417 decreased reproductive system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the reproductive system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012418 decreased eye tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the eye in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012419 decreased cardiovascular system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the cardiovascular system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012420 decreased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the hemolymphoid system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012423 decreased nervous system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the nervous system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012425 decreased respiratory system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the respiratory system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012426 decreased skeletal tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms in the skeletal tissue, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012427 decreased urinary system tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of tumors originating in the urinary system in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012428 decreased granulosa cell tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012433 decreased ovarian tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms derived from somatic cells of the sex cord in the ovary a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012429 decreased myoepithelioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010283 decreased classified tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms of the cells usually found in glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells, in a given population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012430 decreased Type B reticulum cell tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012420 decreased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms derived from reticulum cells in a given population in a given time period; type B neoplasms are tumors of mixed cellularity of reticulum cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012432 decreased prostate gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012416 decreased gland tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the prostate gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012433 decreased ovarian tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012417 decreased reproductive system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the ovary occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012434 decreased intestinal adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012424 decreased alimentary system tumor incidence less than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the small and/or large intestine, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012435 decreased colon tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012424 decreased alimentary system tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplasms in the colon, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012437 increased Harderian gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the Harderian gland, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012438 decreased Harderian gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012416 decreased gland tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the Harderian gland, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012439 decreased pituitary gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012416 decreased gland tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the pituitary gland, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012443 increased corpus callosum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020573 abnormal corpus callosum size larger thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres; it consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012444 thin hippocampus molecular cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008286 abnormal hippocampus molecular cell layer decrease in the width of the cytoarchitectural region of the hippocampus consisting of a composite of the two outermost layers of the hippocampus, the Stratum lacunosum-moleculare and the Stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012445 thin hippocampus stratum radiatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011151 abnormal hippocampus stratum radiatum morphology decrease in the width of the layer located immediately above the pyramidal cell layer in CA2 and CA1 and superficial to the stratum lucidum in CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012446 thin hippocampus stratum oriens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011150 abnormal hippocampus stratum oriens morphology decrease in the width of the layer that is part of the CA fields of the hippocampus consisting of a narrow relatively cell free layer located deep to the pyramidal cell layer extending through areas CA1, CA2 and CA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012447 thick cerebellar granule layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000886 abnormal cerebellar granule layer morphology increased thickness of the innermost cortical layer of the cerebellum that contains granule cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012448 abnormal primary motor cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000799 abnormal precentral gyrus morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the cerebral cortex that receives projections from the motor thalamus and which projects to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord; the primary motor cortex, or M1, is located on the precentral gyrus and on the anterior paracentral lobule on the medial surface of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012449 increased primary motor cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012448 abnormal primary motor cortex morphology greater size of the part of the cerebral cortex that receives projections from the motor thalamus and which projects to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012450 decreased primary motor cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012448 abnormal primary motor cortex morphology reduced size of the part of the cerebral cortex that receives projections from the motor thalamus and which projects to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012451 abnormal retrosplenial granular cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012489 abnormal retrosplenial region morphology any structural anomaly of the subregion consisting of two divisions of the retrosplenial cotex, retrosplenial granular cortex A(Rga) and retrosplenial granular cortex B (Rgb), which receive dense projections from the hippocampal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012452 increased retrosplenial granular cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012451 abnormal retrosplenial granular cortex morphology greater size of the subregion consisting of two divisions of the retrosplenial cotex, retrosplenial granular cortex A(Rga) and retrosplenial granular cortex B (Rgb), which receive dense projections from the hippocampal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012453 decreased retrosplenial granular cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012451 abnormal retrosplenial granular cortex morphology reduced size of the subregion consisting of two divisions of the retrosplenial cotex, retrosplenial granular cortex A(Rga) and retrosplenial granular cortex B (Rgb), which receive dense projections from the hippocampal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012454 abnormal mammillothalamic tract morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000778 abnormal nervous system tract morphology any structural anomaly of the bundle of nerve fibers that projects from the mammillary body in the posterior hypothalamic region to the anterior nucleus of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012455 increased mammillothalamic tract size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012454 abnormal mammillothalamic tract morphology greater size of the bundle of nerve fibers that projects from the mammillary body in the posterior hypothalamic region to the anterior nucleus of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012456 decreased mammillothalamic tract size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012454 abnormal mammillothalamic tract morphology reduced size of the bundle of nerve fibers that projects from the mammillary body in the posterior hypothalamic region to the anterior nucleus of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012457 increased hippocampus pyramidal cell length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009940 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell morphology increased length of a multipolar projection neuron in the hippocampus pyramidal cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012458 decreased hippocampus pyramidal cell length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009940 abnormal hippocampus pyramidal cell morphology reduced length of a multipolar projection neuron in the hippocampus pyramidal cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012459 increased dentate gyrus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000812 abnormal dentate gyrus morphology greater size of one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus formation that contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012460 decreased dentate gyrus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000812 abnormal dentate gyrus morphology reduced size of one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus formation that contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012461 increased brain internal capsule size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008128 abnormal brain internal capsule morphology greater size of the area of white matter in the brain that lies between the lenticular and caudate nuclei, and contains a group of myelinated ascending and descending axonal fiber tracts that connects the cerebral cortex to the brain stem and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012462 decreased brain internal capsule size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008128 abnormal brain internal capsule morphology reduced size of the area of white matter in the brain that lies between the lenticular and caudate nuclei, and contains a group of myelinated ascending and descending axonal fiber tracts that connects the cerebral cortex to the brain stem and spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012463 increased optic tract size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004267 abnormal optic tract morphology greater size of the paired bands of optic nerve fibers running from the optic chiasma mostly to the lateral geniculate body, with a smaller number of fibers terminating in the superior colliculus and the pretectal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012464 decreased optic tract size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004267 abnormal optic tract morphology reduced size of the paired bands of optic nerve fibers running from the optic chiasma mostly to the lateral geniculate body, with a smaller number of fibers terminating in the superior colliculus and the pretectal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012465 increased hippocampal fimbria size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology greater size of the flattened band of efferent fibers arising from the subiculum and medial border of the hippocampus, which then thickens to form the fornix and fibers of the hippocampal commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012466 decreased hippocampal fimbria size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003005 abnormal hippocampal fimbria morphology reduced size of the flattened band of efferent fibers arising from the subiculum and medial border of the hippocampus, which then thickens to form the fornix and fibers of the hippocampal commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012467 increased striatum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004077 abnormal striatum morphology greater size of a large cluster of dopaminergic nerve cells, consisting of the caudate nucleus and the putamen, that controls movement, balance, and walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012468 decreased striatum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004077 abnormal striatum morphology reduced size of a large cluster of dopaminergic nerve cells, consisting of the caudate nucleus and the putamen, that controls movement, balance, and walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012469 increased genu of the facial nerve size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001071 abnormal facial nerve morphology greater size of the bend in the facial nerve at the lateral end of the internal acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012470 decreased genu of the facial nerve size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001071 abnormal facial nerve morphology reduced size of the bend in the facial nerve at the lateral end of the internal acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012471 increased cerebellum interpositus nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009984 abnormal cerebellum interpositus nucleus morphology greater size of the nucelus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012472 decreased cerebellum interpositus nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009984 abnormal cerebellum interpositus nucleus morphology reduced size of the nucelus composed of the globose and emoliform nuclei of the cerebellum; in some mammalian species the globose nucleus is not distinguishable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012473 increased cingulate cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology greater size of the thick belt of cortex encircling the corpus callosum that responsible for producing emotional responses to physical sensations of pain and for cognitive control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012474 decreased cingulate cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology reduced size of the thick belt of cortex encircling the corpus callosum that responsible for producing emotional responses to physical sensations of pain and for cognitive control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012475 increased piriform cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010009 abnormal piriform cortex morphology increased size of the subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012476 decreased piriform cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010009 abnormal piriform cortex morphology reduced size of the subdivision of the laminated olfactory cortex with only three main layers that receive monosynaptic input from the olfactory bulb via the lateral olfactory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012477 increased secondary somatosensory cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000863 abnormal secondary somatosensory cortex morphology greater size of the area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012478 decreased secondary somatosensory cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000863 abnormal secondary somatosensory cortex morphology reduced size of the area of the upper bank of the lateral sulcus that is involved in somatic sensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012479 increased amygdala size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000818 abnormal amygdala morphology greater size of the almond-shaped body of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe; this area is involved in aggression and fear responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012480 decreased amygdala size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000818 abnormal amygdala morphology reduced size of the almond-shaped body of basal nuclei anterior to the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle of the brain, within the temporal lobe; this area is involved in aggression and fear responses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012481 increased habenula size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004082 abnormal habenula morphology greater size of the group of nuclei that makes up the small eminence on the dorsomedial surface of the thalamus, just in front of the dorsal commissure on the lateral edge of the habenular trigone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012482 decreased habenula size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004082 abnormal habenula morphology reduced size of the group of nuclei that makes up the small eminence on the dorsomedial surface of the thalamus, just in front of the dorsal commissure on the lateral edge of the habenular trigone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012483 increased corticospinal tract size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002878 abnormal corticospinal tract morphology greater size of the corticospinal fibers that arise from the pyramidal cells within the cerebral cortex layer V of the precentral motor area, the premotor area and the postcentral gyrus, then descend into and through the medulla to form the lateral corticospinal tract and the anterior corticospinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012484 decreased corticospinal tract size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002878 abnormal corticospinal tract morphology reduced size of the corticospinal fibers that arise from the pyramidal cells within the cerebral cortex layer V of the precentral motor area, the premotor area and the postcentral gyrus, then descend into and through the medulla to form the lateral corticospinal tract and the anterior corticospinal tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012485 increased cochlear VIII nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012490 abnormal cochlear VIII nucleus morphology greater size of two paired brainstem nuclei, the dorsal cochlear nucleus and the ventral cochlear nucleus, that lie dorsal and ventral, respectively, to the inferior cerebellar peduncle at the rostral pole of the medulla; the cochlear nuclei receive input from the cochlear nerve and send projections to the inferior colliculus, the medial geniculate, and other forebrain structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012486 decreased cochlear VIII nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012490 abnormal cochlear VIII nucleus morphology reduced size of two paired brainstem nuclei, the dorsal cochlear nucleus and the ventral cochlear nucleus, that lie dorsal and ventral, respectively, to the inferior cerebellar peduncle at the rostral pole of the medulla; the cochlear nuclei receive input from the cochlear nerve and send projections to the inferior colliculus, the medial geniculate, and other forebrain structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012487 increased cerebellum dentate nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009980 abnormal cerebellum dentate nucleus morphology greater size of the largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012488 decreased cerebellum dentate nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009980 abnormal cerebellum dentate nucleus morphology reduced size of the largest and most lateral of the deep cerebellum nuclei; it receives axons of Purkinje cells in the lateral cerebellar hemisphere (neocerebellum) and receives its afferents from the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor cortex through the pontocerebellar system, and its efferents project through the superior cerebellar peduncle and is a major source of its fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012489 abnormal retrosplenial region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004167 abnormal cingulate gyrus morphology any structural anomaly of one of the key brain regions required for cognitive functions, including episodic memory, navigation, imagination and planning for the future; the retrosplenial region can be divided into three parts, the retrosplenial granular cortex A, the retrosplenial granular cortex B and the retrosplenial dysgranular cortex; each subdivision of the retrosplenial cortex projects to a discrete terminal field in the hippocampal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012490 abnormal cochlear VIII nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology any structural anomaly of two paired brainstem nuclei, the dorsal cochlear nucleus and the ventral cochlear nucleus, that lie dorsal and ventral, respectively, to the inferior cerebellar peduncle at the rostral pole of the medulla; the cochlear nuclei receive input from the cochlear nerve and send projections to the inferior colliculus, the medial geniculate, and other forebrain structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012491 larynx stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002249 abnormal larynx morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the organ of voice production located between the pharynx and the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012492 pharyngeal arch artery hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002672 abnormal pharyngeal arch artery morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the pharyngeal arch artery, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012493 absent pharyngeal arch arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002672 abnormal pharyngeal arch artery morphology absence of the vessels formed within the six (five in mammals) pairs of branchial arches in embryogenesis; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012494 dilated pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004938 dilated vasculature stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the vessels formed within the six (five in mammals) pairs of branchial arches in embryogenesis; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012495 pharyngeal arch artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006135 artery stenosis diffuse constriction or narrowing of the vessels formed within the six (five in mammals) pairs of branchial arches in embryogenesis; in the adult, some of these vessels give rise to the great vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012496 abnormal pleuropericardial membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the membrane formed by the paired folds that grow out from the lateral part of the body wall; the folds fuse and meet with the dorsal and ventral mesentery of the foregut, separating the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012497 absent pleuropericardial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012496 abnormal pleuropericardial membrane morphology absence of the membrane formed by the paired folds that grow out from the lateral part of the body wall; the folds fuse and meet with the dorsal and ventral mesentery of the foregut, separating the pleural cavities from the pericardial cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012498 abnormal cardiogenic plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development any structural anomaly of the splanchnic mesodermal thickening which forms cranial and lateral to the developing neural plate; angiogenic cell clusters (aka angioblastic cords) located in a horse-shoe shape configuration in the cardiogenic plate coalesce to form the right and left endocardial heart tubes which then fuse in cephalo-caudal direction to form a single primitive heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012499 absent cardiogenic plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012498 abnormal cardiogenic plate morphology absence of the splanchnic mesodermal thickening which forms cranial and lateral to the developing neural plate; normally, angiogenic cell clusters (aka angioblastic cords) located in a horse-shoe shape configuration in the cardiogenic plate coalesce to form the right and left endocardial heart tubes which then fuse in cephalo-caudal direction to form a single primitive heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012500 abnormal angioblastic cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development any structural anomaly of the cordlike masses of splanchnic mesenchymal cells ventral to the primordial pericardial coelom that arrange themselves side by side to form the primordia of the endocardial heart tubes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012502 decreased hindbrain apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006043 decreased apoptosis decrease in the number of cells of the hindbrain undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012503 increased midbrain apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014178 increased brain apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the midbrain undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012504 increased forebrain apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014178 increased brain apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the forebrain undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012505 increased neural tube apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the neural tube undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012506 brain atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology acquired diminution of the size of the brain associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012507 midbrain atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012506 brain atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the midbrain associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012508 forebrain atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012506 brain atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the forebrain associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012509 neural tube degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the hollow epithelial tube found on the dorsal side of the vertebrate embryo that develops into the central nervous system (i.e. brain and spinal cord) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012510 abnormal aortic sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002925 abnormal cardiovascular development any structural abnormality of the dilated structure that is lined by endothelial cells and located at the arterial pole of the heart just above (distal to) the truncus arteriosus in mammalian embryos; it is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches (and eventually the dorsal aortae) arise; the aortic sac is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012511 dilated aortic sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012510 abnormal aortic sac morphology abnormally stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the endothelial lined dilation that is located at the arterial pole of the heart just above (distal to) the truncus arteriosus in mammalian embryos; it is the primordial vascular channel from which the aortic arches (and eventually the dorsal aortae) arise; the aortic sac is homologous to the ventral aorta of gill-bearing vertebrates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012512 abnormal sternum body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000157 abnormal sternum morphology any structural anomaly of the middle and longest portion of the sternum, lying between the manubrium superiorly and the xiphoid process inferiorly; the body of the sternum (gladiolus), is considerably lengthier, narrower, and thinner than the manubrium, attaining its greatest breadth close to the lower end http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012513 absent sternum body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012512 abnormal sternum body morphology absence of the middle and longest portion of the sternum, lying between the manubrium superiorly and the xiphoid process inferiorly; the body of the sternum (gladiolus) is considerably lengthier, narrower, and thinner than the manubrium, attaining its greatest breadth close to the lower end http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012514 pectus excavatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004134 abnormal chest morphology a caved-in or sunken appearance of the anterior chest wall; the congenital deformity can either be present at birth or may not be visible until puberty http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012515 abnormal heart apex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000266 abnormal heart morphology any structural anomaly of the lowest superficial part of the heart, normally directed downward, forward, and to the left, and overlapped by the left lung and pleura; the heart apex is formed by the inferolateral part of the left ventricle and responsible for regulating ventricle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012516 absent metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000847 abnormal metencephalon morphology absence of the anterior part of the developing vertebrate hindbrain or the corresponding part of the adult brain normally composed of the cerebellum and the pons Varolii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012517 absent diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000830 abnormal diencephalon morphology absence or loss of the paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus are derived; these regions regulate autonomic, visceral and endocrine function, and process information directed to the cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012518 abnormal Brunner's gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014033 abnormal submucosal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the branched acinotubular glands found in the submucosa of the duodenum located above the Sphincter of Oddi; their main function is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate) to protect the duodenum from the acidic content of chyme, provide an alkaline condition for the intestinal enzymes to be active (thus enabling absorption to take place), and lubricate the intestinal walls; they also secrete urogastrone, which inhibits parietal and chief cells of the stomach from secreting acid and their digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012519 dilated Brunner's gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012518 abnormal Brunner's gland morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the branched acinotubular glands found in the submucosa of the duodenum located above the Sphincter of Oddi; their main function is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate) to protect the duodenum from the acidic content of chyme, provide an alkaline condition for the intestinal enzymes to be active (thus enabling absorption to take place), and lubricate the intestinal walls; they also secrete urogastrone, which inhibits parietal and chief cells of the stomach from secreting acid and their digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012520 absent Brunner's glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012518 abnormal Brunner's gland morphology absence of the branched acinotubular glands found in the submucosa of the duodenum located above the Sphincter of Oddi; their main function is to produce a mucus-rich alkaline secretion (containing bicarbonate) to protect the duodenum from the acidic content of chyme, provide an alkaline condition for the intestinal enzymes to be active (thus enabling absorption to take place), and lubricate the intestinal walls; they also secrete urogastrone, which inhibits parietal and chief cells of the stomach from secreting acid and their digestive enzymes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012521 abnormal buccopharyngeal membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development any structural anomaly of the thin bilaminar membrane derived from the prechordal plate that is devoid of mesoderm and formed by the apposition of the stomodeal ectoderm with the foregut endoderm; after the embryonic head fold has evolved it lies at the caudal limit of the stomodeum, forming a septum between the primitive mouth and pharynx; the membrane eventually disappears, and thus a communication is established between the mouth and the future pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012522 abnormal stomodeum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003119 abnormal digestive system development any structural anomaly of the primordial mouth region of the developing head, initially a midline ectodermal depression between the forebrain bulge (cranially) and the heart bulge (caudally) and between the maxillary and mandibular components of the first pharyngeal arch; the stomodeum is separated from the anterior end of the foregut by the buccopharyngeal membrane; the mouth is developed partly from the stomodeum, and partly from the floor of the anterior portion of the foregut; the lips, teeth, and gums are formed from the walls of the stomodeum, but the tongue is developed in the floor of the pharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012524 abnormal lower lip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology any structural anomaly of the muscular fold bounding the opening of the mouth inferiorly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012525 abnormal rhombic lip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000913 abnormal brain development any structural anomaly of the posterior section of the developing metencephalon recognized transiently within the vertebrate embryo; the rhombic lip extends posteriorly from the roof of the fourth ventricle to dorsal neuroepithelial cell and can be divided into eight structural units based on rhombomeres 1-8 (r1-r8), recognized at early stages of hindbrain development; producing granule cells and five brainstem nuclei, the rhombic lip plays an important role in developing a complex cerebellar neural system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012526 abnormal upper rhombic lip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012525 abnormal rhombic lip morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior-most region of dorsal hindbrain within rhombomere 1, adjacent the midbrain-hindbrain boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012527 abnormal lower rhombic lip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012525 abnormal rhombic lip morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior portion of the rhombic lip contained within rhombomeres 2-8 which gives rise to several brainstem nuclei and the choroid plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012528 abnormal zone of polarizing activity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology any structural anomaly of the subset of cells found in the posterior mesenchyme region of the vertebrate limb bud; Sonic hedgehog (Shh) produced by ZPA represents the key mediator of the polarizing activity that regulates patterning of the limb along the anterio-posterior (A-P) axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012529 abnormal decidua basalis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004256 abnormal maternal decidual layer morphology any structural anomaly of the area of uterine endometrium found between the implanted chorionic vesicle and the myometrium; with continued growth of the embryo, the decidua basalis becomes incorporated into the maternal component of the definitive placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012530 abnormal decidua capsularis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004256 abnormal maternal decidual layer morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of uterine endometrium overlying the implanted chorionic vesicle and facing the uterine cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012531 delayed limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006279 abnormal limb development late onset of the induction and/or differentiation of the limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012532 abnormal surface ectoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014139 abnormal ectoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the surface (external) layer of ectoderm which begins to proliferate shortly after separation from the neuroectoderm; cells from the surface ectoderm differentiate to form the epidermis; epithelia lining the mouth and nasal cavities; hair follicles and nails; the lacrimal, tarsal, salivary, sebaceous, sweat, and mammary glands, and anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis); inner and outer ear structures; the lens, and conjunctival and corneal epithelia; dental enamel; and the apical ectodermal ridge inducing development of the limb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012534 abnormal optic fissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development any structural anomaly of the ventral groove formed by invagination of the optic cup and its stalk by vascular mesenchyme from which the hyaloid vessels develop; a transient gap in the ventral margin of the developing optic cup that eventually closes to complete the eye wall inferiorly and enclose the hyaloid vessels in a canal in the optic stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012535 abnormal optic fissure closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development failure to initiate and/or complete closure of the transient gap in the ventral margin of the developing optic cup; fusion of the optic fissure begins with apposition of the inferior lips of the ventral-most optic cup and continues anteriorly toward its rim and posteriorly along the optic stalk; failure or late closure of the optic fissure prevents the establishment of normal fetal intraocular pressure and can result in microphthalmia associataed with colobomas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012536 delayed optic fissure closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012535 abnormal optic fissure closure late onset of the initiation and/or completion of closure of the transient gap in the ventral margin of the developing optic cup; fusion of the optic fissure begins with apposition of the inferior lips of the ventral-most optic cup and continues anteriorly toward its rim and posteriorly along the optic stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012537 abnormal hyaloid artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001286 abnormal eye development any structural anomaly of the artery which arises from the dorsal ophthalmic artery and enters the eye cup through the optic (choroid) fissure; the hyaloid artery is contained within the optic stalk of the eye, extends from the optic disc through the vitreous humor to the lens, and serves to supply nutrients to the developing lens in the growing fetus; it usually regresses (around 2 weeks after birth in mice and before birth in humans), with its proximal portion remaining as the central artery of the retina; regression of the hyaloid artery leaves a clear central zone through the vitreous humor, called the hyaloid canal or Cloquet's canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012538 persistent hyaloid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012537 abnormal hyaloid artery morphology incomplete regression of the hyaloid artery, usually accompanied by persistence of the hyperplastic primary vitreous; small remnants of the artery may remain with free remnants sometimes seen as floating material (aka muscae volitantes); an anterior remnant of the hyaloid artery can be seen as Mittendorf's dot, a small pinpoint-like scar on the posterior surface of the lens; a posterior remnant may be seen where the artery left the optic disc, and is known as Bergmeister's papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012539 Bergmeister's papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012538 persistent hyaloid artery a posterior remnant of the fetal hyaloid artery that arises from the center of the optic disc and consists of a small tuft of fibrous tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012540 abnormal lamina terminalis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior-most (rostral) portion of the wall of the neural tube, formed by closure of the anterior neuropore; the median strip of the anterior wall of the prosencephalon, which persists in a relatively unchanged state as the cerebral hemispheres grow out forward beyond the original anterior end of the prosencephalon; in the developed brain, the lamina terminalis remains as the thin rostral wall of the third ventricle, stretching from the bases of the major cerebral commissures (the anterior commissure, the commissure of the fornix, and the rostrum of the corpus callosum) to the dorsal surface of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012541 absent lamina terminalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012540 abnormal lamina terminalis morphology absence of the anterior-most (rostral) portion of the wall of the neural tube, formed by closure of the anterior neuropore; agenesis of the lamina terminalis results in anencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012542 abnormal neuropore morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002151 abnormal neural tube morphology any structural anomaly of either the anterior or posterior temporary opening leading from the central canal of the embryonic neural tube to the exterior; the anterior and posterior neuropores connect the lumen of the neural tube with the amniotic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012544 abnormal caudal neuropore morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012542 abnormal neuropore morphology any structural anomaly of the temporary opening at the extreme caudal end of the neural tube in early embryos; the posterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012545 syringomyelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology a condition whereby a fluid-filled cyst or cavity (syrinx) develops within the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012546 triangular face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030071 abnormal face shape a face whose lower half becomes relatively thin, approaching an appearance of a triangle with a tip facing downwards; usually associated with a prominent forehead and micrognathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012548 myelocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000929 open neural tube hernial protrusion of the spinal cord through an opening or defect in the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012549 hypoxemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002329 abnormal blood gas level subnormal arterial oxygen tension; deficient oxygenation of arterial blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012550 respiratory acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003031 acidosis acidosis caused by retention of and increased blood concentration of carbon dioxide, often caused by decreased ventilation (hypoventilation); results in decreased blood pH unless kidneys compensate by retaining bicarbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012551 metabolic acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003031 acidosis decreased pH and bicarbonate concentration in tissues and/or body fluids caused when the body produces too much acid or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body, as in diarrhea or in kidney disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012552 lactic acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012551 metabolic acidosis a form of acidosis in which an accumulation of lactic acid in tissues occurs; causes include tissue hypoxia and drug effects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012553 decreased serum complement activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002471 abnormal complement pathway decreased ability of the complement proteins to act sequentially to directly kill microbes, dispose of immune complexes, and regulate other immune processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012554 increased serum complement activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002471 abnormal complement pathway increased ability of the complement proteins to act sequentially to directly kill microbes, dispose of immune complexes, and regulate other immune processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012557 decreased calcium uptake by cardiac muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004215 abnormal myocardial fiber physiology decreased directed movement of calcium ions into cardiac muscle; decreased or disrupted uptake may give rise to energetic deficit and oxidative stress. leading to cardiac disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012558 increased calcium uptake by cardiac muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004215 abnormal myocardial fiber physiology increased directed movement of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle; increased mitochondrial calcium ion uptake can trigger programmed necrosis in cardiac muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012559 decreased forebrain volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012138 decreased forebrain size decrease from the average range of forebrain volume compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012560 increased forebrain volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012139 increased forebrain size increase from the average range of forebrain volume compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012561 decreased foot pad temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005534 decreased body temperature decreased degree of heat natural to the foot pad-environment interface of a living being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012562 blood vessel degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the network of tubes that carries blood through the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012563 increased tumor incidence following infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002021 increased incidence of induced tumors greater than the expected number of neoplasms in a specific population after infection with a pathogen in a given time period, usually of a specific type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012564 decreased tumor incidence following infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002053 decreased incidence of induced tumors less than the expected number of neoplasms in a specific population after infection with a pathogen in a given time period, usually of a specific type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012565 perivasculitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response inflammation of a perivascular sheath surrounding a blood or lymph vessel, and the surrounding tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012566 decreased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune orchitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005351 decreased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder greater likelihood that an organism will develop disease characterized by lymphocytes surrounding the tubuli recti, spermatogenic disturbance and irreversible damage to the seminiferous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012567 increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune orchitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005350 increased susceptibility to autoimmune disorder reduced likelihood that an organism will develop disease characterized by lymphocytes surrounding the tubuli recti, spermatogenic disturbance and irreversible damage to the seminiferous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012568 decreased mammary gland tumor incidence in breeding females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010269 decreased mammary gland tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the mammary gland in female organisms that are actively mating and producing offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012569 decreased mammary gland tumor incidence in virgin females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010269 decreased mammary gland tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the mammary gland in female organisms that have never had sexual intercourse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012570 increased mammary gland tumor incidence in breeding females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010299 increased mammary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the mammary gland in female organisms that are actively mating and producing offspring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012571 increased mammary gland tumor incidence in virgin females http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010299 increased mammary gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the mammary gland in female organisms that have never had sexual intercourse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012572 increased susceptibility to chemically induced skin inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004947 skin inflammation decreased dosage threshold or greater inflammatory response of the skin after topical application of chemical irritants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012573 decreased susceptibility to chemically induced skin inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004947 skin inflammation increased dosage threshold, or reduced or no inflammation of the skin after topical application of chemical irritants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012576 abnormal kidney glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011601 abnormal glutathione peroxidase activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O in kidney tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012577 decreased kidney glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012576 abnormal kidney glutathione peroxidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O in kidney tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012578 increased kidney glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012576 abnormal kidney glutathione peroxidase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O in kidney tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012579 abnormal peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012580 decreased peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012579 abnormal peroxidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012581 decreased eosinophil peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012580 decreased peroxidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O in eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012582 increased peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012579 abnormal peroxidase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012583 increased eosinophil peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012582 increased peroxidase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O in eosinophils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012584 abnormal catechol O-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012585 decreased catechol O-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012584 abnormal catechol O-methyltransferase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012586 increased catechol O-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012584 abnormal catechol O-methyltransferase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012587 decreased brain catechol O-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012585 decreased catechol O-methyltransferase activity reduced ability of brain tissue to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012588 increased brain catechol O-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012586 increased catechol O-methyltransferase activity greater ability of brain tissue to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012589 abnormal choline O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: acetyl-CoA + choline = acetylcholine + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012590 decreased choline O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012589 abnormal choline O-acetyltransferase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the reaction: acetyl-CoA + choline = acetylcholine + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012591 increased choline O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012589 abnormal choline O-acetyltransferase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: acetyl-CoA + choline = acetylcholine + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012592 decreased brain choline acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012590 decreased choline O-acetyltransferase activity reduced ability of the brain to catalyze the reaction: acetyl-CoA + choline = acetylcholine + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012593 increased brain choline acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012591 increased choline O-acetyltransferase activity greater ability of the brain to catalyze the reaction: acetyl-CoA + choline = acetylcholine + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012594 abnormal glutamate decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012595 decreased glutamate decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012594 abnormal glutamate decarboxylase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the reaction: L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012596 increased glutamate decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012594 abnormal glutamate decarboxylase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012597 abnormal nicotinamide N-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + nicotinamide = 1-methylnicotinamide + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012598 decreased nicotinamide N-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012597 abnormal nicotinamide N-methyltransferase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + nicotinamide = 1-methylnicotinamide + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012599 increased nicotinamide N-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012597 abnormal nicotinamide N-methyltransferase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + nicotinamide = 1-methylnicotinamide + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012600 abnormal alpha-fetoprotein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level any anomaly in the amount of alpha fetoprotein protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012601 decreased alpha-fetoprotein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012600 abnormal alpha-fetoprotein level less than the expected amount of alpha fetoprotein protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012602 increased alpha-fetoprotein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012600 abnormal alpha-fetoprotein level more than the expected amount of alpha fetoprotein protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012603 abnormal glutathione level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of a tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012604 decreased glutathione level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012603 abnormal glutathione level reduction in the amount of a tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012605 decreased kidney glutathione level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012604 decreased glutathione level reduction in the amount of a tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012606 increased glutathione level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012603 abnormal glutathione level increase in the amount of a tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012607 increased kidney glutathione level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012606 increased glutathione level increase in the amount of a tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012608 abnormal complement C5 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011566 abnormal complement protein level any anomaly in the amount of complement C5 which is cleaved into 2 fragments, mediates inflammatory processes and forms part of the membrane attack complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012609 decreased complement C5 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012608 abnormal complement C5 level decrease in the amount of complement C5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012610 increased complement C5 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012608 abnormal complement C5 level increase in the amount of complement C5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012611 abnormal ceruloplasmin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level any anomaly in the amount of ceruloplasmin, a ferroxidase enzyme that contains copper atoms in its structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012612 decreased ceruloplasmin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012611 abnormal ceruloplasmin level decrease in the amount of ceruloplasmin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012613 increased ceruloplasmin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012611 abnormal ceruloplasmin level increase in the amount of ceruloplasmin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012614 abnormal circulating factor IX level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor IX, a member of the peptidase family S1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012615 decreased circulating factor IX level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012614 abnormal circulating factor IX level decrease in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor IX, a member of the peptidase family S1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012616 increased circulating factor IX level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012614 abnormal circulating factor IX level increase in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor IX, a member of the peptidase family S1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012617 abnormal circulating factor X level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor X, a serine endopeptidase that is part of the common pathway in the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012618 decreased circulating factor X level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012617 abnormal circulating factor X level decrease in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor X http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012619 increased circulating factor X level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012617 abnormal circulating factor X level increase in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor X http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012620 abnormal circulating factor XIII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor 13, also known as fibrin stabilizing factor, that when activated cross-links fibrin polymers and solidifies the clot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012621 decreased circulating factor XIII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012620 abnormal circulating factor XIII level decrease in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor 13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012622 increased circulating factor XIII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012620 abnormal circulating factor XIII level increase in the concentration in the blood of coagulation factor 13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012623 abnormal acetylcholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020029 abnormal cholinesterase activity anomaly in the catalysis of the reaction: acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012624 decreased acetylcholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020034 decreased cholinesterase activity decreased rate of the catalysis of the reaction: acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012625 increased acetylcholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020033 increased cholinesterase activity increased rate of the catalysis of the reaction: acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012626 decreased brain acetylcholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012624 decreased acetylcholinesterase activity decreased rate of the catalysis of the reaction: acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012627 increased brain acetylcholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012625 increased acetylcholinesterase activity increased rate of the catalysis of the reaction: acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012628 abnormal glutathione reductase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level any anomaly in the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glutathione to glutathione disulfide in the presence of NADP+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012629 decreased glutathione reductase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012628 abnormal glutathione reductase level decrease in the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glutathione to glutathione disulfide in the presence of NADP+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012630 increased glutathione reductase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012628 abnormal glutathione reductase level increase in the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glutathione to glutathione disulfide in the presence of NADP+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012631 decreased kidney glutathione reductase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012629 decreased glutathione reductase level decrease in the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glutathione to glutathione disulfide in the presence of NADP+ in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012632 increased kidney glutathione reductase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012630 increased glutathione reductase level increase in the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of glutathione to glutathione disulfide in the presence of NADP+ in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012633 increased phospholipase A2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012044 abnormal phospholipase A2 level increase in the amount of any of the enzymes that hydrolize the acyl group attached to the two-position of phosphoglycerides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012634 decreased phospholipase A2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012044 abnormal phospholipase A2 level decrease in the amount of any of the enzymes that hydrolize the acyl group attached to the two-position of phosphoglycerides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012635 abnormal monoamine oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2; oxygen is used to remove an amine group from a monoamine, requiring FAD as an enzymatic cofactor, and produces aldehyde and ammonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012636 decreased monoamine oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012635 abnormal monoamine oxidase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2; oxygen is used to remove an amine group from a monoamine, requiring FAD as an enzymatic cofactor, and produces aldehyde and ammonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012637 increased monoamine oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012635 abnormal monoamine oxidase activity increase in the ability to catalyze the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2; oxygen is used to remove an amine group from a monoamine, requiring FAD as an enzymatic cofactor, and produces aldehyde and ammonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012638 decreased brain monoamine oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012636 decreased monoamine oxidase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 in the brain; oxygen is used to remove an amine group from a monoamine, requiring FAD as an enzymatic cofactor, and produces aldehyde and ammonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012639 increased brain monoamine oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012637 increased monoamine oxidase activity increase in the ability to catalyze the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2 in brain tissue; oxygen is used to remove an amine group from a monoamine, requiring FAD as an enzymatic cofactor, and produces aldehyde and ammonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012640 abnormal benzo (alpha) pyrene hydroxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction that adds -OH to a poly aromatic hydrocarbon substrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012641 decreased benzo (alpha) pyrene hydroxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012640 abnormal benzo (alpha) pyrene hydroxylase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction that adds -OH to a poly aromatic hydrocarbon substrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012642 increased benzo (alpha) pyrene hydroxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012640 abnormal benzo (alpha) pyrene hydroxylase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction that adds -OH to a poly aromatic hydrocarbon substrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012643 abnormal 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity any anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: glycine + H(+) + succinyl-CoA = 5-aminolevulinate + CO(2) + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012644 decreased 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012643 abnormal 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: glycine + H(+) + succinyl-CoA = 5-aminolevulinate + CO(2) + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012645 increased 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012643 abnormal 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: glycine + H(+) + succinyl-CoA = 5-aminolevulinate + CO(2) + CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012646 abnormal urokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity any anomaly in the ability of the serine protease to catalyze the conversion of plasminogen to active plasmin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012647 decreased urokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012646 abnormal urokinase activity reduction in the ability of the serine protease to catalyze the conversion of plasminogen to active plasmin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012648 increased urokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012646 abnormal urokinase activity increase in the ability of the serine protease to catalyze the conversion of plasminogen to active plasmin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012649 abnormal catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level any anomaly in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012650 abnormal erythrocyte catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012649 abnormal catalase level any anomaly in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012651 abnormal kidney catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012649 abnormal catalase level any anomaly in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen in the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012652 decreased catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012649 abnormal catalase level reduction in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012653 decreased erythrocyte catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012652 decreased catalase level reduction in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012654 decreased kidney catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012652 decreased catalase level reduction in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen in the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012655 increased catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012649 abnormal catalase level increase in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012656 increased erythrocyte catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012655 increased catalase level increase in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen in red blood cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012657 increased kidney catalase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012655 increased catalase level increase in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen in the kidneys http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012658 abnormal superoxide dismutase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level any anomaly in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxides and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012659 decreased superoxide dismutase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012658 abnormal superoxide dismutase level reduction in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxides and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012660 increased superoxide dismutase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012658 abnormal superoxide dismutase level increase in the amount of the oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxides and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012661 decreased circulating ceruloplasmin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020986 abnormal circulating ceruloplasmin level decreased amount in the blood of any of ceruloplasmin, a ferroxidase enzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012662 increased circulating ceruloplasmin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020986 abnormal circulating ceruloplasmin level increased amount in the blood of any of ceruloplasmin, a ferroxidase enzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012663 decreased haptoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013215 abnormal haptoglobin level decreased amount of haptoglobin, a protein that binds free hemoglobin (Hb) released from erythrocytes with high affinity and thereby inhibits its oxidative activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012664 decreased circulating haptoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012663 decreased haptoglobin level decreased amount in the blood of any of haptoglobin, a protein that binds free hemoglobin (Hb) released from erythrocytes with high affinity and thereby inhibits its oxidative activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012665 increased haptoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013215 abnormal haptoglobin level increased amount of any of haptoglobin, a protein that binds free hemoglobin (Hb) released from erythrocytes with high affinity and thereby inhibits its oxidative activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012666 increased circulating haptoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012665 increased haptoglobin level increased amount in the blood of any of haptoglobin, a protein that binds free hemoglobin (Hb) released from erythrocytes with high affinity and thereby inhibits its oxidative activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012667 split sternal manubrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008785 abnormal sternum manubrium morphology the appearance of an abnormal division of the cranial most segment of the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012668 absent sternal manubrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008785 abnormal sternum manubrium morphology absence of the cranial most segment of the sternum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012669 abnormal somite segmentation clock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development anomaly or loss of the oscillatory mechanism governed by periodic shifts in gene expression and operating in the presomitic mesoderm that drives the regular periodicity with which somites are formed in the course of vertebrate segmentation. The total number of somites formed and the periodicity with which they are produced are species-specific parameters (e.g. humans have 33 somites with a somitogenesis period of approximately 6 hours while mice have 65 somites with a period of approximately 2 hours) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012670 prolonged somite segmentation clock period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012669 abnormal somite segmentation clock extension of the somite segmentation clock period; may lead to decreased numbers of somites and their resultant vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012671 retina spots http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001325 abnormal retina morphology the appearance of roundish lesions on the retina, frequently white, and may be due to inflammation, degeneration, vasculitis, exudates, edema or mineral deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012672 enlarged trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology increased size of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012673 aberrant crypt foci http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004842 abnormal large intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology a neoplastic lesion in which large, thick clusters of abnormal tube-like glands are found in the lining of the colon and rectum; aberrant crypt foci are precursors of colorectal polyps, adenoma and colon cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012674 tomacula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003871 abnormal myelin sheath morphology focal myelin swellings due to redundant folding of myelin sheaths; often sausage-shaped and excessively folded http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012675 enlarged floor plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000925 abnormal floor plate morphology increased size of the specialized glial structure (non-neuronal cells) situated at the ventral midline of the embryonic neural tube; this structure spans the anteroposterior axis from the midbrain to the tail regions, separating the left and right basal plates of the developing neural tube, and serves as an organizer to ventralize tissues in the embryo as well as to guide neuronal positioning and differentiation along the dorsoventral axis of the neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012677 absent brain ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000822 abnormal brain ventricle morphology absence of one or more of the four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012678 absent fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000828 abnormal fourth ventricle morphology absence of the irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, normally located between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind; the fourth ventricle is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012679 absent third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000826 abnormal third ventricle morphology absence of the narrow cleft located inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami; its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma; it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012680 absent lateral ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000823 abnormal lateral ventricle morphology absence of the cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube; lateral ventricles are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012681 collapsed brain ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013228 brain ventricle stenosis the luminal space of one or more of the four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord are severely reduced in volume or area, possibly due to reduced or absent cerebrospinal fluid production; collapsed ventricles can be a sign of increased intracranial pressure and accumulation of water in the brain parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012682 abnormal septal nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012003 abnormal septum of telencephalon morphology any structural anomaly of the groups of neural nuclei situated in the septal region which have afferent and cholinergic efferent connections with a variety of forebrain and brainstem areas including the hippocampus, the lateral hypothalamus, the tegmentum, and the amygdala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012683 absent telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000787 abnormal telencephalon morphology absence of the enlarged anteriolateral part of the brain; consists of the paired cerebral hemispheres and olfactory bulbs, the basal ganglia and the connecting structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012684 abnormal pleural cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any structural anomaly of the potential space between the two pleurae (visceral and parietal) of the lungs; the pleural cavity, with its associated pleurae, aids optimal functioning of the lungs during breathing; it normally contains a thin film of serous fluid which lubricates the opposed pleural membranes so that they can glide smoothly against one another during ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012685 abnormal primitive streak elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology any anomaly in the process by which the primitive streak extends anteriorly and elongates towards the distal (cranial) end of the embryo to reach its full length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012686 everted embryonic neuroepithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004261 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium morphology an inside-out appearance of the embryonic neuroepithelium characteristic of defective primary neurulation resulting from failure of neural fold elevation; everted neural folds assume a convex instead of a concave morphology and fail to bend toward each other and fuse at the dorsal midline leading to exencephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012687 abnormal heart atria weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031576 abnormal heart atrium size abnormal average weight of both the left and right atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012688 abnormal heart ventricles weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031543 abnormal heart ventricle size abnormal average weight of both the left and right ventricles together http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012689 abnormal adrenal gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology abnormal weight of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012690 abnormal stride length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001406 abnormal gait abnormal average distance between steps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012691 abnormal acetaminophen metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013275 abnormal xenobiotic metabolism altered ability to metabolize acetaminophen, used as a non-narcotic analgesic, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and an anti-pyretic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012692 abnormal fluoxetine metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013275 abnormal xenobiotic metabolism altered ability to metabolize fluoxetine, an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class which is commonly used to treat various psychiatric disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012693 abnormal haloperidol metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism altered ability to metabolize haloperidol, a butyrophenone-type antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia, acute psychosis, and delirium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012694 abnormal lithium metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism altered ability to metabolize lithium, commonly used as a mood-stabilizing drug, primarily in the treatment of bipolar disorder in the treatment of both depressive and particularly of mania episodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012695 abnormal nicotine metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism altered ability to metabolize nicotine, a potent parasympathomimetic alkaloid that acts as a stimulant in mammals; nicotine activates the mesolimbic pathway in the central nervous system, which regulates feelings of reward and pleasure, and this response is thought to contribute to the addictive nature of nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012696 abnormal trichloroethene metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013275 abnormal xenobiotic metabolism altered ability to metabolize trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, used as an industrial solvent, and was used a anesthetic and as an inhaled obstetrical analgesic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012697 abnormal maternal body weight gain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009661 abnormal pregnancy anomaly in the expected amount of female body weight gain during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012698 increased maternal body weight gain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012697 abnormal maternal body weight gain greater than the expected amount of female body weight gain during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012699 decreased maternal body weight gain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012697 abnormal maternal body weight gain reduction in the expected amount of female body weight gain during pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012700 abnormal endocardial heart tube morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of the paired, longitudinal, endothelial-lined channels formed from the cardiogenic mesoderm in embryonic development; angiogenic cell clusters (aka angioblastic cords) located in a horse-shoe shape configuration in the cardiogenic plate coalesce to form the right and left endocardial heart tubes which then fuse in cephalo-caudal direction to form a single primitive heart tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012701 increased embryonic neuroepithelium apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012505 increased neural tube apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the embryonic neuroepithelium undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012702 increased embryonic neuroepithelium thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004261 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium morphology increased width of the epithelial cell layer that lines the neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012703 decreased embryonic neuroepithelium thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004261 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium morphology reduced width of the epithelial cell layer that lines the neural tube and develops into the nervous system and into the neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012704 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any anomaly in the ability of the cells of the embryonic neuroepithelium to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012705 increased embryonic neuroepithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012704 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelial cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of the cells of the embryonic neuroepithelium by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012706 decreased embryonic neuroepithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012704 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelial cell proliferation decrease in the expansion rate of the cells of the embryonic neuroepithelium by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012707 incomplete caudal neuropore closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012544 abnormal caudal neuropore morphology incomplete joining together of the neural folds of the caudal opening of the neural tube; failure of caudal neuropore closure results in spina bifida, the severity of which depends on how much of the spinal cord remains exposed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012708 delayed rostral neuropore closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology a delay in the fusion of the cephalic neural folds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012709 delayed caudal neuropore closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008932 abnormal embryonic tissue physiology a delay in the joining together of the neural folds of the caudal opening of the neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012710 diastematomyelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005297 spina bifida occulta a rare congenital anomaly that results in the splitting of the spinal cord in a longitudinal direction, usually at the level of the upper lumbar vertebra; this condition occurs in the presence of an osseous (bone), cartilaginous or fibrous septum in the central portion of the spinal canal which then produces a complete or incomplete sagittal division of the spinal cord into two hemicords, each half being surrounded by a dural sac; when the split does not reunite distally to the spur, the condition is referred to as a diplomyelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012711 diplomyelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology true duplication of the spinal cord; each cord has two dorsal and two ventral horns and paired nerve roots, but the two cords are contained within a single dural sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012712 spinal cord degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000955 abnormal spinal cord morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012713 abnormal ventral ectodermal ridge morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002861 abnormal tail bud morphology any structural anomaly of the morphologically distinct group of ectodermal cells that serves as an important signaling center in the mouse tail-bud following completion of gastrulation, and contains progenitor cells that contribute to the ventral midline ectoderm of the tail; ablation of the VER leads to defects in somitogenesis and tail elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012714 decreased ventral ectodermal ridge size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012713 abnormal ventral ectodermal ridge morphology reduced size of the morphologically distinct group of ectodermal cells that serves as an important signaling center in the mouse tail-bud following completion of gastrulation, and contains progenitor cells that contribute to the ventral midline ectoderm of the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012715 abnormal hemangioblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011247 abnormal yolk sac hematopoietic stem cell morphology any structural anomaly of the pluripotent precursor cell in the yolk sac that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells; hemangioblasts are the progenitors that form the blood islands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012716 abnormal hemangioblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012715 abnormal hemangioblast morphology deviation from the normal numbers of pluripotent precursor cells in the yolk sac that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells; hemangioblasts are the progenitors that form the blood islands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012717 increased hemangioblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012716 abnormal hemangioblast number increased number of the pluripotent precursor cells in the yolk sac that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells; hemangioblasts are the progenitors that form the blood islands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012718 decreased hemangioblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012716 abnormal hemangioblast number reduced number of the pluripotent precursor cells in the yolk sac that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells; hemangioblasts are the progenitors that form the blood islands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype any structural anomaly of the part of body by which the head is connected to the trunk extending from the base of the cranium to the top of the shoulders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012720 elongated neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology increased length of the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012721 short neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology decreased length of the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012722 absent neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology absence of the part of body by which the head is connected to the trunk extending from the base of the cranium to the top of the shoulders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012723 abnormal nuchal region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior region of the neck, including the suboccipital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012724 absent head fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011257 abnormal head fold morphology inability to form the crescent-shaped, ventrally located fold of the embryonic disc at the future cephalic end of the developing embryo; the head fold constitutes the first body fold, and initiates brain, foregut and heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012725 small sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology decreased size of the sebum secreting glands of the hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012726 abnormal uterine spiral artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004256 abnormal maternal decidual layer morphology any structural anomaly of the corkscrew-like arteries in premenstrual or progestational endometrium; uterine spiral arteries play a vital role in supplying nutrients to the placenta and fetus, and are thus remodeled into highly dilated inelastic vessels by the action of invading trophoblast (physiological change) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012727 abnormal uterine spiral artery remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009670 abnormal uterine angiogenesis any anomaly of the physiological conversion of the uterine spiral arteries into highly dilated vessels by the action of invading trophoblast; in pregnancy, trophoblast invasion and uterine spiral artery remodeling are important for lowering maternal vascular resistance and increasing uteroplacental blood flow; this process involves loss of smooth muscle and elastic lamina from the vessel wall, and significant dilation at the mouth of the vessel; impaired spiral artery remodeling has been implicated in preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm labor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012728 abnormal somite border morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001688 abnormal somite development any structural anomaly of the anatomical surface separating somites; somite formation requires the physical separation of somitic tissue from the initially continuous presomitic mesoderm (PSM), coalescence of cells in the forming somite, and the establishment of a stable border between the somite and the PSM; when a somite forms in the anterior end of the PSM, an intersomitic boundary (also called a fissure, gap, or cleft) emerges, and it is rapidly followed by a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of cells that face a forming gap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012729 abnormal common carotid artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004181 abnormal carotid artery morphology any structural anomaly of the left or right common carotid arteries which extend headward on each side of the anterior neck and deliver oxygenated nutrient filled blood from the heart to the head, neck and brain; the left originates in the arch of the aorta over the heart; the right originates in the brachiocephalic trunk, the largest branch from the arch of the aorta; each common carotid artery divides into an external and an internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012730 abnormal internal carotid artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004181 abnormal carotid artery morphology any structural anomaly of the terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to the brain and eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012731 abnormal external carotid artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004181 abnormal carotid artery morphology any structural anomaly of the terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to the throat, neck glands, tongue, face, mouth, ear, scalp and dura mater of the meninges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012732 abnormal perineural vascular plexus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development any structural anomaly of the capillary bed that initially surrounds the relative avascular brain and spinal cord; the perineural vascular plexus (PNVP) is the precursor to the blood brain barrier formed by angioblasts which migrate away from somites and is recruited to surround the neural tube in response to VEGF; vascularization of the brain and spinal cord occurs via angiogenesis as sprouting vessels from the PNVP invade the neuroepithelium and grow inward toward the ventricular lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012733 abnormal behavioral response to methamphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance anomaly in the behavioral response induced by methamphetamine such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012734 abnormal response to radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the physiological changes induced by ionizing radiation such as UV light, X-rays, or gamma rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012735 abnormal response to exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the physiological changes induced by controlled exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012736 abnormal polar body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006361 abnormal female germ cell morphology any structural anomaly of one of the small cells that are produced during the development of an oocyte and ultimately degenerate; a polar body contains one of the nuclei derived from the first or second meiotic division but little or no cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012737 abnormal primary polar body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012736 abnormal polar body morphology any structural anomaly of the small cell formed by the first meiotic division of oocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012738 abnormal secondary polar body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012736 abnormal polar body morphology any structural anomaly of the small cell formed by the second meiotic division of oocytes; in mammals, the second polar body may fail to form unless the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012739 abnormal anterior primitive streak morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior region of the vertebrate primitive streak which gives rise to the axial and paraxial mesoderm, the definitive endoderm, the primitive groove, and the primitive node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012740 abnormal posterior primitive streak morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002231 abnormal primitive streak morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior region of the vertebrate primitive streak which gives rise to the extraembryonic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012741 decreased neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009842 abnormal neural crest cell proliferation reduced ability of the transient and migratory group of cells that emerge from the dorsal region of the neural tube and migrate to many peripheral locations to form various tissues of the adult to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012742 increased neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009842 abnormal neural crest cell proliferation enhanced ability of the transient and migratory group of cells that emerge from the dorsal region of the neural tube and migrate to many peripheral locations to form various tissues of the adult to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012743 increased inner cell mass apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010380 abnormal inner cell mass apoptosis increased number of cells of the blastocyst that develop into the body of the embryo undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012744 increased neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009844 abnormal neural crest cell apoptosis increased number of any population of neural crest cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012746 abnormal neural crest cell delamination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012745 abnormal neural crest cell physiology any anomaly in the process by which a neural crest cell (NCC) physically dissociates from the neuroepithelium in the dorsal aspect of the neural tube; premigratory NCCs exist within a fully polarized epithelial layer, adjoined by adherens junctions and tight junctions; NCC delamination involves an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during which epithelial cells are converted into migratory mesenchymal cells; EMT requires loss of apical-basal cell polarity and dissolution of tight junctions and is accompanied by changes in cytoskeletal organization and a switch in adhesive properties so that cells can separate from the neuroepithelium and emigrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012747 abnormal cardiac neural crest cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology any structural anomaly of the cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), a subpopulation of cranial NCCs originating from the lower hindbrain between the otic placode and third somite; cardiac NCCs migrate to the circumpharyngeal ridge (an arc-shape ridge located dorsal to the forming caudal pharyngeal arches) and then into the 3rd, 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches and the cardiac outflow tract (OFT); cardiac NCCs contribute to the remodeling of arch arteries, septation of the cardiac OFT, closure of the ventricular septum, and innervation of the cardiac ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012748 increased cardiac neural crest cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012747 abnormal cardiac neural crest cell morphology greater than expected number of cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), a subpopulation of cranial NCCs originating from the lower hindbrain between the otic placode and third somite; cardiac NCCs contribute to the remodeling of arch arteries, septation of the cardiac OFT, closure of the ventricular septum, and innervation of the cardiac ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012749 decreased cardiac neural crest cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012747 abnormal cardiac neural crest cell morphology reduction in the number of cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), a subpopulation of cranial NCCs originating from the lower hindbrain between the otic placode and third somite; cardiac NCCs migrate to the circumpharyngeal ridge and then into the 3rd, 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches and the cardiac outflow tract (OFT), and contribute to the remodeling of arch arteries, septation of the cardiac OFT, closure of the ventricular septum, and innervation of the cardiac ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012750 absent cardiac neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012749 decreased cardiac neural crest cell number absence or loss of the cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), a subpopulation of cranial NCCs originating from the lower hindbrain between the otic placode and third somite; cardiac NCCs contribute to the remodeling of arch arteries, septation of the cardiac OFT, closure of the ventricular septum, and innervation of the cardiac ganglia; ablation of cardiac NCCs results in cardiac outflow defects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012751 impaired cardiac neural crest cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012747 abnormal cardiac neural crest cell morphology abnormal or arrest of differentiation or patterning of the cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), a subpopulation of cranial NCCs originating from the lower hindbrain between the otic placode and third somite; cardiac NCCs have the potential to differentiate into smooth muscle cells of the cardiac outflow tract and its septum, walls of aortic and arch-derived arteries, all of the parasympathetic innervation of the heart, and the connective tissue of the glands in the head and neck region, including the thymus, thyroid and parathyroid glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012752 abnormal cardiac neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002950 abnormal neural crest cell migration any anomaly in the migratory path of cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs), a subpopulation of cranial NCCs which originate from the lower hindbrain between the otic placode and third somite and migrate to the circumpharyngeal ridge (an arc-shape ridge located dorsal to the forming caudal pharyngeal arches) and then into the 3rd, 4th and 6th pharyngeal arches and the cardiac outflow tract (OFT); cardiac NCCs undergo migration away from the neural tube by following a dorsolateral path under the ectoderm, leading them to the pharyngeal arches; after pausing, they resume migration under the pharyngeal endoderm and, along the aortic arch arteries, populate the cardiac OFT where they contribute the aorticopulmonary septum, and ultimately colonize the heart to form the ventricular septum and cardiac ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012753 increased cardiac neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012744 increased neural crest cell apoptosis increased number of cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012754 abnormal cranial neural crest cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neural crest cells (NCCs) originating in the anterior part of the developing embryo and residing between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordia; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs also contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012755 decreased cranial neural crest cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012754 abnormal cranial neural crest cell morphology reduction in the number of neural crest cells (NCCs) originating in the anterior part of the developing embryo and residing between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordial; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs also contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012756 impaired cranial neural crest cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012754 abnormal cranial neural crest cell morphology abnormal or arrest of differentiation or patterning of the cranial neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012757 abnormal cranial neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002950 abnormal neural crest cell migration any anomaly in the migratory path of the cranial neural crest cells (NCCs), which originate in the anterior part of the developing embryo and reside between the mid-diencephalon and the forming hindbrain; cranial NCCs migrate dorsolaterally to form the craniofacial mesenchyme that differentiates into various craniofacial cartilages and bones, cranial neurons, glia, and connective tissues of the face; these cells enter the pharyngeal pouches and arches where they give rise to thymic cells, bones of the middle ear and jaw (mandible), and the odontoblasts of the tooth primordial; like their counterparts in the trunk, cranial NCCs contribute to the developing peripheral nervous system, along with the pigmented cell (i.e. melanocyte) lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012758 abnormal cranial neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009842 abnormal neural crest cell proliferation any anomaly in the ability of the cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012759 increased cranial neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012758 abnormal cranial neural crest cell proliferation enhanced ability of the cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012760 decreased cranial neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012758 abnormal cranial neural crest cell proliferation reduced ability of the cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012761 increased cranial neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012744 increased neural crest cell apoptosis increased number of cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012766 abnormal KLRG1-positive NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008043 abnormal NK cell number deviation in the number of KLRG1 positive NK cells that represent a maturation subset of NK cells and is linked to NK cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012767 increased KLRG1-positive NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012766 abnormal KLRG1-positive NK cell number increase in the number of KLRG1 positive NK cells that represent a maturation subset of NK cells and is linked to NK cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012768 decreased KLRG1-positive NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012766 abnormal KLRG1-positive NK cell number decrease in the number of KLRG1 positive NK cells that represent a maturation subset of NK cells and is linked to NK cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012780 abnormal phospholipid transfer protein activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity altered ability of phospholipid transfer proteins to transfer phospholipids from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to high density lipoprotein (HDL) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012781 increased phospholipid transfer protein activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012780 abnormal phospholipid transfer protein activity greater ability of phospholipd transfer proteins to transfer phospholipids from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to high density lipoprotein (HDL) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012782 decreased phospholipid transfer protein activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012780 abnormal phospholipid transfer protein activity reduction in the ability of phospholipd transfer proteins to transfer phospholipids from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to high density lipoprotein (HDL) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012784 abnormal rhombomere 1 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the first transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order with the first rhombomere arising next to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, or isthmus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012785 decreased rhombomere 1 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012784 abnormal rhombomere 1 morphology reduced size of the first transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order with the first rhombomere arising next to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, or isthmus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012786 increased rhombomere 1 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012784 abnormal rhombomere 1 morphology increased size of the first transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order with the first rhombomere arising next to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, or isthmus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012787 absent rhombomere 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012784 abnormal rhombomere 1 morphology absence of the first transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order with the first rhombomere arising next to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary, or isthmus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012788 abnormal rhombomere 2 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012789 decreased rhombomere 2 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012788 abnormal rhombomere 2 morphology reduced size of the second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012790 increased rhombomere 2 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012788 abnormal rhombomere 2 morphology increased size of the second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012791 absent rhombomere 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012788 abnormal rhombomere 2 morphology absence of the second transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012792 abnormal rhombomere 3 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012793 decreased rhombomere 3 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012792 abnormal rhombomere 3 morphology reduced size of the third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012794 increased rhombomere 3 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012792 abnormal rhombomere 3 morphology increased size of the third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012795 absent rhombomere 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012792 abnormal rhombomere 3 morphology absence of the third transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012796 abnormal rhombomere 4 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012797 decreased rhombomere 4 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012796 abnormal rhombomere 4 morphology reduced size of the fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012798 increased rhombomere 4 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012796 abnormal rhombomere 4 morphology increased size of the fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012799 absent rhombomere 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012796 abnormal rhombomere 4 morphology absence of the fourth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012800 abnormal rhombomere 5 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012801 decreased rhombomere 5 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012800 abnormal rhombomere 5 morphology reduced size of the fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012802 increased rhombomere 5 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012800 abnormal rhombomere 5 morphology increased size of the fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012803 absent rhombomere 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012800 abnormal rhombomere 5 morphology absence of the fifth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012804 abnormal rhombomere 6 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012805 decreased rhombomere 6 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012804 abnormal rhombomere 6 morphology reduced size of the sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012806 increased rhombomere 6 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012804 abnormal rhombomere 6 morphology increased size of the sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012807 absent rhombomere 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012804 abnormal rhombomere 6 morphology absence of the sixth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012808 abnormal rhombomere 7 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012809 decreased rhombomere 7 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012808 abnormal rhombomere 7 morphology reduced size of the seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012810 increased rhombomere 7 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012808 abnormal rhombomere 7 morphology increased size of the seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012811 absent rhombomere 7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012808 abnormal rhombomere 7 morphology absence of the seventh transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012812 abnormal rhombomere 8 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012813 decreased rhombomere 8 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012812 abnormal rhombomere 8 morphology reduced size of the eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012814 increased rhombomere 8 size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012812 abnormal rhombomere 8 morphology increased size of the eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012815 absent rhombomere 8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012812 abnormal rhombomere 8 morphology absence of the eighth transiently divided segment of the developing rhombencephalon; rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates; rhombomeres are numbered in caudal to rostral order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012816 abnormal rhombomere boundary morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology any structural anomaly of the anatomical surface separating the rhombomere segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012817 rhombomere fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology the union of one or more rhombomeres into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012818 rhombomere transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000933 abnormal rhombomere morphology homeotic transformation of a specific rhombomere to adopt the fate of another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013000 absent cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005537 abnormal cerebral aqueduct morphology absence of the channel in the mesencephalon that connects the third and fourth ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013001 abnormal enteric neural crest cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neural crest cells that arise predominantly from the vagal region of the neural tube (vagal neural crest), adjacent to somites 1-7 and migrate rostro-caudally along the gastrointestinal tract to form two ganglionated plexuses of neurons and glial cells that comprise the enteric nervous system (ENS); a smaller proportion of ENCCs come from the sacral neural crest, caudal to somite 28, and migrate caudo-rostrally to colonize the distal gut; neural crest cells are termed enteric neural crest-derived cells upon entering the foregut at E9-9.5 in mice (after 4 weeks gestation in humans) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013002 decreased enteric neural crest cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013001 abnormal enteric neural crest cell morphology a reduction in the number of neural crest cells that arise predominantly from the vagal region of the neural tube (vagal neural crest), adjacent to somites 1-7 and migrate rostro-caudally along the gastrointestinal tract to form two ganglionated plexuses of neurons and glial cells that comprise the enteric nervous system (ENS); a smaller proportion of ENCCs come from the sacral neural crest, caudal to somite 28, and migrate caudo-rostrally to colonize the distal gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013003 absent enteric neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013002 decreased enteric neural crest cell number absence or loss of the neural crest cells that arise predominantly from the vagal region of the neural tube (vagal neural crest), adjacent to somites 1-7 and migrate rostro-caudally along the gastrointestinal tract to form two ganglionated plexuses of neurons and glial cells that comprise the enteric nervous system (ENS); a smaller proportion of ENCCs come from the sacral neural crest, caudal to somite 28, and migrate caudo-rostrally to colonize the distal gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013004 abnormal enteric neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009842 abnormal neural crest cell proliferation any anomaly in the ability of the enteric neural crest cells to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013005 decreased enteric neural crest cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013004 abnormal enteric neural crest cell proliferation reduced ability of the enteric neural crest cells to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013006 abnormal enteric neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002950 abnormal neural crest cell migration any anomaly in the migratory path or behavior of the neural crest cells (NCCs) that arise predominantly from the vagal (neck) region of the neural tube (vagal neural crest), adjacent to somites 1-7, and migrate rostro-caudally along the gastrointestinal tract to form two ganglionated plexuses of neurons and glial cells that comprise the enteric nervous system (ENS); a smaller proportion of ENCCs come from the sacral neural crest, caudal to somite 28, and migrate caudo-rostrally to colonize the distal gut; NCCs are termed enteric neural crest-derived cells upon entering the foregut at E9-9.5 in mice (after 4 weeks gestation in humans) and the colonization process is complete by E15.5 (after 7 weeks gestation in humans) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013007 abnormal vagal neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002950 abnormal neural crest cell migration any anomaly in the migratory path or behavior of the neural crest cells (NCCs) that arise from the vagal (neck) region of the neural tube (vagal neural crest), adjacent to somites 1-7; at approximately E8.5-9 in the mouse, vagal NCCs invade the anterior foregut and migrate in a rostral to caudal direction to colonize the entire foregut, midgut, cecum, and hindgut and give rise to the majority of the enteric nervous system (ENS); colonization is complete by E15.5 (or after 7 weeks gestation in humans); the most caudal vagal NCCs, emanating from a region overlapping with the most anterior trunk NCCs, make a small contribution to the ENS of the esophagus and the anterior stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013008 abnormal sacral neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002950 abnormal neural crest cell migration any anomaly in the migratory path or behavior of the neural crest cells (NCCs) that arise from the sacral region of the neural tube (sacral neural crest), caudal to somite 28, and migrate caudo-rostrally to contribute to a small fraction of enteric neurons and glia in the distal midgut and hindgut; in the mouse, sacral NCCs emigrate from the neural tube at E9.5, accumulate bilateral to the hindgut to form prospective pelvic ganglia at E11.5, and from there enter the distal hindgut through its ventrolateral side at E13.5; they then migrate along nerve fibers extending from the pelvic ganglia toward the proximal hindgut, intermingling with rostrocaudally migrating vagal NCCs to differentiate into neurons and glia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013009 increased vagal neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012744 increased neural crest cell apoptosis increased number of vagal neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013010 abnormal vagal neural crest cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neural crest cells (NCCs) that arise from the vagal (neck) region of the neural tube (vagal neural crest), adjacent to somites 1-7 (the cranial part of the vagal level overlaps the caudal part of the cranial level, as the first few somites form adjacent to the rhombencephalon, not the spinal cord); the vagal neural crest produces the neurons and glial cells of the enteric nervous system (ENS); like NCCs from other axial levels, the vagal neural crest contributes to the neurons and glial cells of the peripheral nervous system and the melanocytes that populate the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013011 absent vagal neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013010 abnormal vagal neural crest cell morphology absence of the neural crest cells (NCCs) that arise from the vagal (neck) region of the neural tube (vagal neural crest), adjacent to somites 1-7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013012 abnormal trunk neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002950 abnormal neural crest cell migration any anomaly in the migratory path or behavior of the neural crest cells (NCCs) that arise from the trunk neural crest which lies between the vagal and sacral neural crest; there are two major pathways taken by the migrating trunk NCCs: (1) one group of cells fated to become melanocytes (the melanin-forming pigment cells) migrates dorsolaterally into the ectoderm towards the ventral midline and colonizes the skin and hair follicles; (2) a second group of cells migrates ventrolaterally through the anterior portion of each sclerotome; the cells that remain in the sclerotome form the dorsal root ganglia containing the sensory neurons, whereas those that continue more ventrally form the sympathetic ganglia, chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, Schwann (precursor) cells, and the nerve clusters surrounding the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013013 abnormal trunk neural crest cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009845 abnormal neural crest cell morphology any structural anomaly of the neural crest cells (NCCs) that arise from the trunk neural crest (located between the vagal and sacral neural crest) and differentiate into a variety of cell types, including melanocytes, the neurons and glia of the dorsal root and sympathetic ganglia, Schwann (precursor) cells, chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, and the nerve clusters surrounding the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013014 increased trunk neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012744 increased neural crest cell apoptosis increased number of trunk neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013021 abnormal Ly6C high monocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012441 abnormal monocyte cell number deviation in the number of monocytes that express high levels of Ly6C and low MHC class II that represent a subset of circulating inflammatory monocytes that are recruited to infected or inflamed tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013022 increased Ly6C high monocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013021 abnormal Ly6C high monocyte number increase in the number of monocytes that express high levels of Ly6C and low MHC class II that represent a subset of circulating inflammatory monocytes that are recruited to infected or inflamed tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013023 decreased Ly6C high monocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013021 abnormal Ly6C high monocyte number decrease in the number of monocytes that express high levels of Ly6C and low MHC class II that represent a subset of circulating inflammatory monocytes that are recruited to infected or inflamed tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013024 abnormal Ly6C low monocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012441 abnormal monocyte cell number deviation in the number of monocytes that express low levels of Ly6C and low MHC class II that represent a subset of patrolling monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013025 increased Ly6C low monocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013024 abnormal Ly6C low monocyte number increase in the number of monocytes that express low levels of Ly6C and low MHC class II that represent a subset of patrolling monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013026 decreased Ly6C low monocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013024 abnormal Ly6C low monocyte number decrease in the number of monocytes that express low levels of Ly6C and low MHC class II that represent a subset of patrolling monocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype an injury resulting in damage that tears, cuts or breaks tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013028 open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013029 open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding a wound where the tissue has been torn from its attachment.; avulsion of skin on the extremities is sometimes called degloving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013030 open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding a wound created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013031 open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding an irregular wound created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013032 open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding a penetrating wound cause by pointed object (e.g. bites) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013033 closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013034 entire body wounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring across the whole body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013035 entire body open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013034 entire body wounds damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin, occurring across the whole body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013036 entire body open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013034 entire body wounds a wound or wounds where the tissue has been torn from its attachment, occurring across the whole body; avulsion of skin on the extremities is sometimes called degloving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013037 entire body open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013034 entire body wounds a wound or wounds created by a sharp object, occurring across the whole body; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013038 entire body open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013034 entire body wounds an irregular wound or wounds created by tearing of tissue, occurring across the whole body; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013039 entire body open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013034 entire body wounds a penetrating wound or wounds occurring across the whole body caused by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013040 entire body closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013034 entire body wounds damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures occurring across the whole body without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013041 thorax wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on the thorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013042 thorax open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013041 thorax wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin, occurring on the thorax http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013043 thorax open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013041 thorax wound a wound on the thorax where the tissue has been torn from its attachment; avulsion of skin on the extremities is sometimes called degloving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013044 thorax open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013041 thorax wound a wound on the thorax created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013045 thorax open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013041 thorax wound an irregular wound on the thorax created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013046 thorax open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013041 thorax wound a penetrating wound on the thorax cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013047 thorax closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013041 thorax wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures of the thorax without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013048 abdomen wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013049 abdomen open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013048 abdomen wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin, occurring on the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013050 abdomen open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013048 abdomen wound a wound occurring on the abdomen where the tissue has been torn from its attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013051 abdomen open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013048 abdomen wound a wound occurring on the abdomen created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013052 abdomen open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013048 abdomen wound an irregular wound occurring on the abdomen created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013053 abdomen open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013048 abdomen wound a penetrating wound occurring on the abdomen cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013054 abdomen closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013048 abdomen wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush), occurring on the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013055 genital wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on genital tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013056 genital open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013055 genital wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin occurring on genital tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013057 genital open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013055 genital wound a wound occurring on genital tissue where the tissue has been torn from its attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013058 genital open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013055 genital wound a wound occurring on genital tissue created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013059 genital open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013055 genital wound an irregular wound occurring on genital tissue created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013060 genital open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013055 genital wound a penetrating wound occurring on genital tissue cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013061 genital closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013055 genital wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush) occurring on genital tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013062 teat wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on teat tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013063 teat open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013062 teat wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin occurring on teat tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013064 teat open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013062 teat wound a wound occurring on teat tissue where the tissue has been torn from its attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013065 teat open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013062 teat wound a wound occurring on teat tissue created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013066 teat open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013062 teat wound an irregular wound occurring on teat tissue created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013067 teat open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013062 teat wound a penetrating wound occurring on teat tissue cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013068 teat closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013062 teat wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures occurring on teat tissue without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013069 limb wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013070 limb open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013069 limb wound damage to the skin occurring on limbs consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013071 limb open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013069 limb wound a wound occurring on limbs where the tissue has been torn from its attachment; avulsion of skin on the extremities is sometimes called degloving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013072 limb open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013069 limb wound a wound occurring on limbs created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013073 limb open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013069 limb wound an irregular wound occurring on limbs created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013074 limb open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013069 limb wound a penetrating wound occurring on limbs cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013075 limb closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013069 limb wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures occurring on limbs, without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013076 autopod wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on autopods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013077 autopod open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013076 autopod wound damage to the skin occurring on autopods consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013078 autopod open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013076 autopod wound a wound occurring on autopods where the tissue has been torn from its attachment; avulsion of skin on the extremities is sometimes called degloving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013079 autopod open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013076 autopod wound a wound occurring on autopods created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013080 autopod open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013076 autopod wound an irregular wound occurring on autopods created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013081 autopod open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013076 autopod wound a penetrating wound occurring on autopods cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013082 autopod closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013076 autopod wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures occurring on autopods, without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013083 tail wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013084 tail open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013083 tail wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin, occurring on the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013085 tail open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013083 tail wound a wound occurring on the tail where the tissue has been torn from its attachment; avulsion of skin on the extremities is sometimes called degloving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013086 tail open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013083 tail wound a wound occurring on the tail created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013087 tail open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013083 tail wound an irregular wound occurring on the tail created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013088 tail open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013083 tail wound a penetrating wound occurring on the tail cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013089 tail closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013083 tail wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush), occurring on the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013090 head or neck wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on the head and/or neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013091 head or neck open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013090 head or neck wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin, occurring on the head and/or neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013092 head or neck open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013090 head or neck wound a wound where the tissue has been torn from its attachment occurring on the head and/or neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013093 head or neck open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013090 head or neck wound a wound occurring on the head and/or neck created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013094 head or neck open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013090 head or neck wound an irregular wound occurring on the head and/or neck created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013095 head or neck open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013090 head or neck wound a penetrating wound occurring on the head and/or neck cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013096 head or neck closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013090 head or neck wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush), occurring on the head and/or neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013097 ear wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on the ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013098 ear open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013097 ear wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin, occurring on the ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013099 ear open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013097 ear wound a wound occurring on the ears where the tissue has been torn from its attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013100 ear open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013097 ear wound a wound occurring on the ears created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013101 ear open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013097 ear wound an irregular wound occurring on the ears created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013102 ear open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013097 ear wound a penetrating wound occurring on the ears cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013103 ear closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013097 ear wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush), occurring on the ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013104 nose wound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013027 wounding injuries resulting in damage that tears or breaks tissue occurring on the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013105 nose open abrasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013104 nose wound damage to the skin consisting of loss of the epidermis and portions of the dermis but not the complete thickness of the skin, occurring on the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013106 nose open avulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013104 nose wound a wound occurring on the nose where the tissue has been torn from its attachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013107 nose open incision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013104 nose wound a wound occurring on the nose created by a sharp object; edges are smooth and trauma to surrounding tissue is minimal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013108 nose open laceration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013104 nose wound an irregular wound occurring on the nose created by tearing of tissue; damage to both superficial and underlying tissue is variable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013109 nose open puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013104 nose wound a penetrating wound occurring on the nose cause by pointed object (e.g. bite) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013110 nose closed contusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013104 nose wound damage of the skin and/or underlying strutures without breaking the skin (e.g. bruising, crush), occurring on the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013111 greasy abdomen coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003849 greasy coat fur on the abdomen is oily in appearance or texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013112 greasy thorax coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003849 greasy coat fur on the thorax is oily in appearance or texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013113 greasy tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology tail is oily in appearance or texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013114 greasy head/neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology head and/or neck is oily in appearance or texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013115 focal hair loss in abdominal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000418 focal hair loss focal absence of hair on the abdomen, in those areas where hair is normally expected, resulting in visible patches of skin and uneven spots of hair growth on the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013116 focal hair loss in head/neck region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000418 focal hair loss focal absence of hair in the head and/or neck region, in those areas where hair is normally expected, resulting in visible patches of skin and uneven spots of hair growth on the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013117 focal hair loss in thorax region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000418 focal hair loss focal absence of hair on the thorax, in those areas where hair is normally expected, resulting in visible patches of skin and uneven spots of hair growth on the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013119 abdomen swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin in the abdominal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013120 urogenital swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin in the urogenital region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013121 testicular swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin of the testicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013122 tail swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin of the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013123 head/neck swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin in the head/neck region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013124 mouth swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) in the mouth region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013125 thorax swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin in the thorax region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013126 teat swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) under the skin in the teat region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013127 epistaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology hemorrhage from the nose, usually apparent when the blood drains out through the nostrils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013128 nipple hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001914 hemorrhage bleeding from the nipples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013130 abnormal gum color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020459 abnormal gum morphology anomaly in the color and shading of the gums, which normally present in shades of red http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013131 pale lips http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003769 abnormal lip morphology lips lack normal reddish coloration; often occurs with a bloodless or reduced vasculature condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013132 pale gums http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013130 abnormal gum color gums lack normal reddish coloration; often occurs with a bloodless or reduced vasculature condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013133 pale limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology limbs lack normal ruddy coloration; often occurs with a bloodless or reduced vasculature condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013134 poor circulation in autopods http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001633 poor circulation insufficient movement of blood throughout the autopods, resulting in a pale appearance and cool to touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013135 poor circulation in tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001633 poor circulation insufficient movement of blood throughout the tail, resulting in a pale appearance and cool to touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013136 genital discharge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001919 abnormal reproductive system physiology the emission or secretion of unusual fluid from the genitals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013137 nipple discharge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001881 abnormal mammary gland physiology the emission or secretion of unusual fluid from the nipples http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013138 thin body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001265 decreased body size lean or slender in form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013139 moribund http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival in terminal decline and approaching death; lacking vitality or vigor and becoming unresponsive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013140 excessive vocalization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001529 abnormal vocalization producing sound from the vocal organs more frequently or more loudly than expected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013141 sexually aggressive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002566 abnormal sexual interaction subjects exhibit greater than the normal level of domineering, assertive posturing and/or hostile physical action toward partners while mating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013142 anal soreness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005034 abnormal anus morphology tenderness or irritation of the anal area, usually evident by redness of the area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013143 penis inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011762 renal/urinary system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013145 eye discharge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology the emission or secretion of unusual fluid from the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013146 eye lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology lesions on or around the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013147 limb paralysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000753 paralysis severe or complete loss of power of voluntary movement in muscles of the limbs through injury or disease of muscles or of the nerve supply http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013148 mastitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001881 abnormal mammary gland physiology inflammation of the teats or mammary glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013149 macrodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002110 abnormal digit morphology significant increase in the length and girth dimensions of most or all of a digit compared to the expected size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013150 head/neck piloerection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001492 abnormal pilomotor reflex anomaly in the involuntary bristling of hairs on the head and/or neck that occurs when an organism is cold or experiences strong emotions such as fear or awe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013153 abnormal KLRG1+ CD8 alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008077 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number anomaly in the number of CD8+ alpha beta T cells that express KLRG1, a marker of effector and memory T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013154 increased KLRG1+ CD8 alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013153 abnormal KLRG1+ CD8 alpha-beta T cell number increase in the number of CD8+ alpha beta T cells that express KLRG1, a marker of effector and memory T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013155 decreased KLRG1+ CD8 alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013153 abnormal KLRG1+ CD8 alpha-beta T cell number decrease in the number of CD8+ alpha beta T cells that express KLRG1, a marker of effector and memory T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013156 abnormal KLRG1+ CD4 alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008073 abnormal CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell number anomaly in the number of CD4+ alpha beta T cells that express KLRG1, a marker of effector/memory and regulatory T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013157 increased KLRG1+ CD4 alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013156 abnormal KLRG1+ CD4 alpha-beta T cell number increase in the number of CD4+ alpha beta T cells that express KLRG1, a marker of effector/memory and regulatory T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013158 decreased KLRG1+ CD4 alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013156 abnormal KLRG1+ CD4 alpha-beta T cell number reduction in the number of CD4+ alpha beta T cells that express KLRG1, a marker of effector/memory and regulatory T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013159 Purkinje cell axonal dystrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003225 axonal dystrophy Purkinje cell-autonomous progressive dystrophy leading to cell death, manifested by axonal swellings and degeneration of nerve terminals, while Purkinje cell dendrites remain largely unaffected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013160 impaired muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000750 abnormal muscle regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013161 enhanced muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000750 abnormal muscle regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013162 abnormal thyroid gland isthmus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology any structural anomaly of the narrow median bridge that joins together the lower thirds of the two lateral (right and left) lobes of the thyroid gland and usually covers the second and the third tracheal rings; the thyroid isthmus is variable in presence and size, can change shape and size, and can encompass a cranially extending pyramid lobe (lobus pyramidalis or processus pyramidalis), remnant of the thyroglossal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013163 absent thyroid gland isthmus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013162 abnormal thyroid gland isthmus morphology absence of the narrow median bridge that joins together the lower thirds of the two lateral (right and left) lobes of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013164 abnormal forelimb bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology any structural anomaly of the limb bud that develops into a forelimb (usually the arm or front limb in mammalian species) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013165 absent forelimb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013164 abnormal forelimb bud morphology absence or loss of the limb bud that normally develops into a forelimb (usually the arm or front limb in mammalian species) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013166 small forelimb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013164 abnormal forelimb bud morphology reduced size of the limb bud that normally develops into a forelimb (usually the arm or front limb in mammalian species) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013167 abnormal hindlimb bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005650 abnormal limb bud morphology any structural anomaly of the limb bud that develops into a hindlimb (usually the leg or back limb in mammalian species) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013168 absent hindlimb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013167 abnormal hindlimb bud morphology absence or loss of the limb bud that normally develops into a hindlimb (usually the leg or back limb in mammalian species) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013169 small hindlimb buds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013167 abnormal hindlimb bud morphology reduced size of the limb bud that normally develops into a hindlimb (usually the leg or back limb in mammalian species) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013170 eye swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013118 swellings appearance of abnormal enlargements of all descriptions (hard, soft, different shapes etc) on or around the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013171 ear hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003878 abnormal ear physiology bleeding through the ear canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013173 trigeminal ganglion degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001092 abnormal trigeminal ganglion morphology retrogressive pathological change of the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013174 pharynx stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002234 abnormal pharynx morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the passage between the mouth and the posterior nares and the larynx and esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013175 bifurcated tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology the appearance of an abnormal division in the flexible elongated appendage located at the caudal end of the torso in many species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013176 abnormal tail position or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology tail is displaced from the normal location and/or does not orient in a typical pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013178 tail necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of tail tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013179 wavy tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002111 abnormal tail morphology undulations or a sinusoidal shape of the tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013180 truncated tail bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002861 abnormal tail bud morphology shortened tail bud that terminates in a blunt end (instead of a tapered end) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013181 absent placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology absence of the organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, which is partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013182 increased spinal cord apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the spinal cord undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013183 absent trigeminal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001092 abnormal trigeminal ganglion morphology absence of the group of sensory neuron cell bodies associated with the trigeminal nerve (fifth cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013184 hemorrhagic ascites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005324 ascites the presence of bloody or blood-stained serous fluid, frequently resulting from metastatic carcinoma, in the peritoneal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013185 absent anterior definitive endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008926 abnormal anterior definitive endoderm morphology absence of the mesendoderm which first migrates from the node and which gives rise to the gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013186 abnormal basilar artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of the unpaired artery that is formed by the union of the two vertebral arteries, runs forward within the skull just under the pons, divides into the two posterior cerebral arteries, and supplies the pons, cerebellum, posterior part of the cerebrum, and the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013187 dilated basilar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013186 abnormal basilar artery morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the unpaired artery that is formed by the union of the two vertebral arteries, runs forward within the skull just under the pons, divides into the two posterior cerebral arteries, and supplies the pons, cerebellum, posterior part of the cerebrum, and the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013190 abnormal sebaceous gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology any anomaly in the number of the holocrine glands that secrete sebum into the hair follicles, or in hairless areas into ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013191 increased sebaceous gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013190 abnormal sebaceous gland number greater than normal numbers of the holocrine glands that secrete sebum into the hair follicles, or in hairless areas into ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013192 decreased sebaceous gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013190 abnormal sebaceous gland number fewer than normal numbers of the holocrine glands that secrete sebum into the hair follicles, or in hairless areas into ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013193 sebaceous gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012725 small sebaceous gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the sebaceous gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013194 absent anterior primitive streak http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012739 abnormal anterior primitive streak morphology absence of the anterior region of the vertebrate primitive streak which normally gives rise to the axial and paraxial mesoderm, the definitive endoderm, the primitive groove, and the primitive node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013195 abnormal anterior primitive streak formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012739 abnormal anterior primitive streak morphology anomaly in the establishment of the anterior region of the vertebrate primitive streak which normally gives rise to the axial and paraxial mesoderm, the definitive endoderm, the primitive groove, and the primitive node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013196 abnormal posterior primitive streak formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012740 abnormal posterior primitive streak morphology anomaly in the establishment of the posterior region of the vertebrate primitive streak which gives rise to the extraembryonic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013197 decreased embryonic cilium number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004131 abnormal motile primary cilium morphology reduced number of the cilia of the mouse embryo found on the cells of the embryonic node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013198 absent head mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology absence of the primordial embryonic connective tissue of the developing head, normally consisting of mesenchymal cells supported in interlaminar jelly, that derive mostly from the mesoderm and contribute to head connective tissue, bone and musculature in conjunction with cranial neural crest cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013199 increased head mesenchyme apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013504 increased embryonic tissue cell apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the head mesenchyme undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013200 head mesenchyme hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the head mesenchyme, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013201 head mesenchyme hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011260 abnormal head mesenchyme morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the head mesenchyme, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013202 abnormal cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000358 abnormal cell morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface; each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013207 absent endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014140 abnormal endoderm morphology absence of the innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (the others being mesoderm and ectoderm) that is formed during gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013208 abnormal cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any functional anomaly of the specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface; each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013211 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013210 abnormal primary cilium physiology any functional anomaly of a primary cilium which contains a variable array of axonemal microtubules but does not contain molecular motors; nonmotile primary cilia are found on many different cell types and function as sensory organelles that concentrate and organize sensory signaling molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013213 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013205 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the primary non-motile microtubule-based structures of the embryonic neuroepithelium which are typically short and straight, project apically into the neural tube lumen, and play an essential role in Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling and neural tube patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013214 decreased embryonic neuroepithelium primary cilium number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013213 abnormal embryonic neuroepithelium primary cilium morphology reduced number of the primary non-motile microtubule-based structures of the embryonic neuroepithelium which are typically short and straight, project apically into the neural tube lumen, and play an essential role in Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling and neural tube patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013215 abnormal haptoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level anomaly in the amount of any of haptoglobin, a protein that binds free hemoglobin (Hb) released from erythrocytes with high affinity and thereby inhibits its oxidative activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013216 absent ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014139 abnormal ectoderm morphology absence of the outer of the three primary germ layers of the embryo (the others being mesoderm and endoderm) that originates in the epiblast and is formed during gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013217 abnormal posterior definitive endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014140 abnormal endoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior region of the definitive endoderm which evolves into the midgut and hindgut, which will eventually differentiate into the large and small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013218 abnormal substantia nigra pars reticulata morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior (ventral) part of grey matter of the substantia nigra which contains smaller and loosely packed cells than the pars compacta, only some of which contain a small amount of pigment; the cells of pars reticulata bear a strong structural and functional resemblance to the inner segment of the globus pallidus; many cells in this region use GABA as a neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013219 abnormal substantia nigra pars compacta morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior (dorsal) part of grey matter of the substantia nigra which contains large, polygonal, and densely packed dopamine-producing cells; pars compacta neurons are pigmented in many species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013220 increased pancreas apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the pancreas undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013221 pancreatic acinar-to-ductal metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology a reprogramming event that induces transdifferentiation of pancreatic acinar cells to a duct-like phenotype in response to inflammatory injury; ADM is associated with an increased risk of exocrine pancreatic cancer and is considered a precursor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013222 abnormal first pharyngeal pouch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006031 abnormal pharyngeal pouch morphology any structural anomaly of the first endodermal branchial pouch located between the first and second branchial arches; in mammals, the first pouch elongates to form a diverticulum known as the tubotympanic recess; the distal portion of this recess expands to reach the first branchial groove and form the middle ear cavity (aka tympanic cavity) and mastoid antrum; its proximal part remains tubular and forms the auditory tube (aka Eustachian or pharyngotympanic tube), which forms a communication between the nasopharynx and tympanic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013223 abnormal second pharyngeal pouch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006031 abnormal pharyngeal pouch morphology any structural anomaly of the second branchial pouch located between the second and third branchial arches; the dorsal elongation of the second pouch endoderm of all mammals, with the exception of rodents, gives rise to the epithelial lining of palatine tonsils; in rodents, the ventral portion of the second pouch appears to degenerate whereas the remaining part is incorporated into the lateral border of the pharynx; it appears that rodents no longer require tonsils as their function is carried out by the NALT (Nose/Nasal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue) system in the upper respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013224 absent second pharyngeal pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013223 abnormal second pharyngeal pouch morphology absence of the second branchial pouch, normally located between the second and third branchial arches; the dorsal elongation of the second pouch endoderm of all mammals, with the exception of rodents, gives rise to the epithelial lining of palatine tonsils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013225 abnormal third pharyngeal pouch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006031 abnormal pharyngeal pouch morphology any structural anomaly of the third endodermal branchial pouch located between the third and fourth branchial arches; in mammals, the cranial dorsal aspect of the third pouch generates the inferior parathyroids (or parathyroid III), whereas the caudal ventral part of the pouch gives rise to the thymus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013226 absent third pharyngeal pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013225 abnormal third pharyngeal pouch morphology absence of the third endodermal branchial pouch, normally located between the third and fourth branchial arches; in mammals, the cranial dorsal aspect of the third pouch generates the inferior parathyroids (or parathyroid III), whereas the caudal ventral part of the pouch gives rise to the thymus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013227 small brain ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013229 abnormal brain ventricle size decreased size of one or more of the four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013228 brain ventricle stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000822 abnormal brain ventricle morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of one or more of the four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013230 abnormal cervical sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the temporary triangular depression found in the nuchal region caudal to the second (hyoid) branchial arch, and containing the succeeding branchial arches and grooves; the sinus is overgrown by the second branchial arch and is ultimately obliterated during extension of the cervical flexure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013231 abnormal pharyngeal groove morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the ectodermally lined depressions (grooves or clefts) that separate the branchial arches externally on each side; only the first of the four pairs of branchial grooves persists in the adult to form the epithelium of the external auditory meatus and part of the tympanic membrane; the second, third, and fourth grooves are overlapped by the development of branchial arch 2 and form a slit-like depression known as the cervical sinus which is ultimately obliterated by the fusion of its walls during extension of the cervical flexure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013232 abnormal pharyngeal membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of any of the four membranes that separate the branchial pouches from the corresponding branchial grooves in a developing embryo; each membrane is initially composed of an inner layer formed by the endodermal lining of a branchial pouch and an outer layer formed by the ectodermal lining of the branchial groove; later, these two layers become separated by a thin layer of mesoderm; only the first branchial membrane contributes to the formation of an adult structure, i.e. the tympanic membrane (aka eardrum); the second, third, and fourth membranes are obliterated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013233 ectopic thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology a thyroid gland located outside of its normal position anterior to the laryngeal cartilages; usually due to abnormal migration of the thyroid diverticulum down from the foramen cecum at the posterior aspect of the tongue to its permanent pre-tracheal location; ectopic thyroid tissue is frequently found along the course of the thyroglossal duct or laterally in the neck, as well as in distant places such as the mediastinum and the subdiaphragmatic organs; the most common ectopic location is near its embryological origin at the foramen caecum, resulting in a lingual thyroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013234 abnormal tongue foramen cecum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology any structural anomaly of the median pit on the dorsum of the posterior part of the tongue, from which the limbs of a V-shaped furrow run forward and outward; the foramen cecum is the point of attachment of the thyroglossal duct and is formed during the embryological descent of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013235 abnormal thyroglossal duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003421 abnormal thyroid gland development any structural anomaly of the embryological anatomical structure that forms an open connection between the initial area of development of the thyroid gland and its final position; it is located exactly midline, between the anterior 2/3rds and posterior 1/3rd of the tongue; this duct normally atrophies and closes off as the foramen cecum before birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013236 ovary degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of one or both ovaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013237 abnormal skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000750 abnormal muscle regeneration anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of skeletal muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013238 abnormal cardiac muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000750 abnormal muscle regeneration anomaly in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of cardiac muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013239 impaired skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013237 abnormal skeletal muscle regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of skeletal muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013240 impaired cardiac muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013238 abnormal cardiac muscle regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of cardiac muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013241 embryo tissue necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of some or all embryo tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013242 abnormal amino acid metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving an amino acid, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013243 abnormal carbohydrate metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving a carbohydrate, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013247 placenta necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001711 abnormal placenta morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of placenta tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013248 placenta junctional zone necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013247 placenta necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of placenta junctional zone tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013249 adipose tissue necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000316 cellular necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of adipose tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013250 abnormal dental pulp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002819 abnormal dental pulp cavity morphology any structural anomaly of the soft tissue within the pulp cavity located in the center of a tooth, comprised of living connective tissue containing blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics, and a layer of odontoblasts at the periphery, which participate in dentin repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013251 dental pulp necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013250 abnormal dental pulp morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of dental pulp tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013252 head mesenchyme necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013241 embryo tissue necrosis morphological changes resulting from pathological death of head mesenchyme tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013253 outer ear necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of outer ear tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013255 abnormal circulating thrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level anomaly in the blood level of the a serine protease that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions; it is generated from regulated proteolytic cleavage of prothrobmin during the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013256 increased circulating thrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013255 abnormal circulating thrombin level increased blood level of the a serine protease that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions; it is generated from regulated proteolytic cleavage of prothrobmin during the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013257 decreased circulating thrombin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013255 abnormal circulating thrombin level reduction in the blood level of the a serine protease that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions; it is generated from regulated proteolytic cleavage of prothrobmin during the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013259 abnormal dendritic cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002376 abnormal dendritic cell physiology change in the timing or the number of dendritic cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013260 decreased dendritic cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013259 abnormal dendritic cell apoptosis reduction in the timing or the number of dendritic cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013261 absent epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010371 abnormal epiglottis morphology missing the most superior of the laryngeal cartilages, which normally is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing, preventing inhalation of food or drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013262 abnormal mouth floor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology any structural morphology of the ventral area of the mouth; in organisms with a tongue, a small horseshoe-shaped region situated beneath the movable part of the tongue and above the muscular diaphragm formed by the mylohyoid muscles; a median fold of mucous membrane, the lingual frenulum, connects the inferior surface of the tongue to the floor of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013263 abnormal tongue frenulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology any structural anomaly of the small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013264 tongue ankylosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology partial or complete fusion or adherence of the tongue to the floor of the mouth, resulting in varying degrees of restricted tongue mobility; partial ankyloglossia (aka tongue-tie) is caused by a lingual frenulum that is abnormally short or is attached too close to the tip of the tongue; in complete ankyloglossia the tongue is tethered to the floor of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013265 abnormal fourth pharyngeal pouch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006031 abnormal pharyngeal pouch morphology any structural anomaly of the fourth endodermal branchial pouch located between the fourth and sixth branchial arches (a fifth arch never establishes itself in amniotes); in most mammals, excluding rodents, the dorsal part of each fourth pouch develops into a superior parathyroid gland (parathyroid IV), which lies on the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland (the parathyroid glands derived from the third pouches descend with the thymus and are carried to a more inferior position than the parathyroid glands that are derived from the fourth pouches); the elongated ventral part of each fourth pouch develops into the ultimopharyngeal body, which fuses with the thyroid gland, giving rise to the calcitonin-producing parafollicular or C-cells of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013266 absent fourth pharynegal pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013265 abnormal fourth pharyngeal pouch morphology absence of the fourth endodermal branchial pouch, normally located between the fourth and sixth branchial arches (a fifth arch never establishes itself in amniotes); in most mammals, excluding rodents, the dorsal part of each fourth pouch develops into a superior parathyroid gland (parathyroid IV), which lies on the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland; the elongated ventral part of each fourth pouch develops into the ultimopharyngeal body, which fuses with the thyroid gland, giving rise to the calcitonin-producing parafollicular or C-cells of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013267 first pharyngeal arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006341 small first pharyngeal arch decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the first pharyngeal arch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013268 second pharyngeal arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006344 small second pharyngeal arch decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the second pharyngeal arch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013269 third pharyngeal arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030133 small third pharyngeal arch decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the third pharyngeal arch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013270 fourth pharyngeal arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030134 small fourth pharyngeal arch decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the fourth pharyngeal arch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013271 sixth pharyngeal arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030135 small sixth pharyngeal arch decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the sixth pharyngeal arch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013272 abnormal translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology any anomaly in the cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain; translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA; translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013273 abnormal translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013272 abnormal translation any anomaly in the process of successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013274 abnormal vitamin or vitamin cofactor metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin or cofactor, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013275 abnormal xenobiotic metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008875 abnormal xenobiotic pharmacokinetics any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving a xenobiotic, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013276 absent alpha-beta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012765 decreased alpha-beta T cell number absence of the lymphocytes that are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and immune system regulation and express an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013277 abnormal fasting circulating glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000188 abnormal circulating glucose level any anomaly in the amount of glucose in the blood at some defined time point after eating compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013278 decreased fasting circulating glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013277 abnormal fasting circulating glucose level reduction in the amount of glucose in the blood at some defined time point after eating compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013279 increased fasting circulating glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013277 abnormal fasting circulating glucose level increase in the amount of glucose in the blood at some defined time point after eating compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013281 increased cytotoxic T cell cytolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013280 abnormal cytotoxic T cell cytolysis increased ability of cytotoxic T cells to induce pathological breakdown of target cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013282 urinary bladder exstrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000757 herniated abdominal wall a herniation of the urinary bladder through an anterior abdominal wall defect; refers to congenital absence of a portion of the lower anterior abdominal wall and the anterior urinary bladder wall, with eversion of the posterior bladder wall through the defect, an open pubic arch, and widely separated ischia connected by a fibrous band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013283 failure of ventral body wall closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003384 abnormal ventral body wall morphology failure of the lateral body wall folds (a combination of mesoderm and ectoderm arising on each side of the embryo) to progress ventrally and meet in the midline and/or fuse to close the ventral body wall; normally, this closure is aided by growth of the head and tail folds that cause the embryo to curve into the fetal position and is complete except in the region of the connecting stalk (future umbilical cord); if closure fails, ventral body wall defects occur in the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis and involve the heart (ectopia cordis), abdominal viscera (gastroschisis), and/or urogenital organs (bladder or cloacal exstrophy), depending upon the location and size of the abnormality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013288 premature acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013287 abnormal acrosome reaction spontaneous initiation of the cellular exocytosis that allows sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida of ovulated eggs, occurring prior to encountering conditions that induce sperm capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013289 abnormal mitotic cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004046 abnormal mitosis any anomaly in the process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, this process consists of two distinct processes furrowing and abscission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013290 persistent ultimobranchial bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003955 abnormal ultimobranchial body morphology partial or complete failure of the ultimobranchial bodies to fuse with the ventral thyroid primordium; as a result, ultimobranchial bodies remain as unilateral or bilateral vesicles composed exclusively of calcitonin-producing cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013291 ectopic pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013861 abnormal pancreas topology presence of well-developed and normally organized pancreatic tissue lying outside its normal location without any anatomical and vascular continuity with the pancreas proper; although an ectopic pancreas can occur throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract, it is most commonly located in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum or Meckel's diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013293 embryonic lethality prior to tooth bud stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008762 embryonic lethality death prior to the appearance of tooth buds (Mus: E12-E12.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013294 prenatal lethality prior to heart atrial septation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002080 prenatal lethality death prior to the completion of heart atrial septation (Mus: E14.5-15.5) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013297 abnormal susceptibility to colitis induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013296 abnormal susceptibility to induced colitis differences from the expected moribund state caused by colitis upon treatment of an organism with intestinal inflammation agents such as dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013298 increased susceptibility to colitis induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013297 abnormal susceptibility to colitis induced morbidity/mortality increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by colitis upon treatment of an organism with intestinal inflammation agents such as dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013299 decreased susceptibility to colitis induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013297 abnormal susceptibility to colitis induced morbidity/mortality reduced likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by colitis upon treatment of an organism with intestinal inflammation agents such as dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013301 abnormal pancreas iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology anomaly in the amount of iron present in the pancreas tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013302 increased pancreas iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013301 abnormal pancreas iron level increase in the amount of iron present in the pancreas tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013303 decreased pancreas iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013301 abnormal pancreas iron level reduction in the amount of iron present in the pancreas tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013304 osteophytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure bony projections that form along joint margins at bone edges, including the spine; these are frequently found in areas affected by arthritis such as the disc or joint spaces where cartilage has deteriorated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013305 isosthenuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002136 abnormal kidney physiology inability of the kidneys to produce either a concentrated or a dilute urine; refers to a state in chronic renal disease in which the kidney cannot form urine with a higher or a lower specific gravity (concentration) than that of protein-free plasma; the specific gravity of the urine becomes fixed, irrespective of the fluid intake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013307 increased adrenal gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012689 abnormal adrenal gland weight greater average weight of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013308 decreased adrenal gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012689 abnormal adrenal gland weight reduced average weight of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013309 adrenal gland cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled, usually benign growths, in the adrenal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013310 abnormal adrenal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013311 abnormal ovary capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any structural anomaly of the tough, fibrous capsule surrounding each ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013312 absent ovary capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013311 abnormal ovary capsule morphology missing the tough, fibrous capsule surrounding each ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013313 female preputial gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013193 sebaceous gland hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the female preputial gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013314 abnormal eumelanosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology any structural anomaly of the elliptical-shaped pigment organelles that synthesize and store eumelanin (black/brown) pigment, which is deposited in smooth laminated fibrils of mature eumelanosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013315 abnormal pheomelanosome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology any structural anomaly of the oval-shaped pigment organelles that synthesize and store pheomelanin (yellow) pigment, which is deposited in dense granular deposits within pheomelanosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013317 abnormal seminal vesicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development aberrant or incomplete differentiation of either of the paired sac-like glandular structures situated posterolateral to the urinary bladder in the male and functioning as part of the reproductive system; seminal vesicles develop from the segments of the Wolffian ducts immediately adjacent to the urogenital sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013318 abnormal branching involved in seminal vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013317 abnormal seminal vesicle development anomaly in the process in which the seminal vesicle is generated and organized in many mammals including mice and humans; in mice, the initial seminal vesicle buds form cane-shaped tubes off of the Wolffian ducts before birth; after birth, the initial tubes develop lateral branches that elongate and often undergo secondary branching morphogenesis; branching morphogenesis is largely complete by 2 weeks of age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013319 seminal vesicle atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001157 small seminal vesicle acquired size diminution of the seminal vesicles, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013320 dilated seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology an expansion in the lumen volume of one or both of the paired sac-like glandular structures situated posterolateral to the urinary bladder in the male and functioning as part of the reproductive system, as by stretching or distention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013321 squamous metaplasia of seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology a benign non-cancerous transformation of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the seminal vesicle(s) into stratified squamous epithelium; may occur in response to irritation or inflammation and involve keratinization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013322 squamous metaplasia of prostate gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001158 abnormal prostate gland morphology a benign non-cancerous transformation of the prostatic glandular epithelium into stratified squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013323 abnormal ampullary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013330 abnormal male accessory sex gland morphology any structural anomaly of the paired accessory, glandular, androgen-dependent outpouchings of the proximal ductus deferens, one on each side, that produce and secrete lipids and glycogen, components of the seminal fluid; they open into the ampullae at the level of the colliculus seminalis, are lined by simple columnar epithelium with large, oval nuclei, and may be distinguished from those of the prostate as they are surrounded by a characteristic, dense, fibromuscular stroma; the epithelium forms longitudinal folds and the glands contain homogeneous, dense, eosinophilic secretions with characteristic holes that impart a Swiss cheese-like appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013328 visceromegaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031094 organomegaly abnormal enlargement of the internal organs in the abdomen, including liver, spleen, stomach, kidneys, or pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013331 abnormal lacrimal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the paired almond-shaped glands, one for each eye, that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film; each lacrimal gland develops through branching morphogenesis regulated by FGF signaling; at E12.5, the conjunctival epithelium at the temporal side of the mouse eyes invades the Fgf10-expressing mesenchyme to form the initial lacrimal gland bud; the bud elongates posteriorly until E15.5 when secondary branching begins to establish the complex tubuloalveolar structure; this eventually gives rise to the mature lacrimal gland composed of numerous ducts, acini and connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013332 peliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology presence of multiple cyst-like blood-filled lakes or cavities that lack endothelial linings within parenchymatous organs, typically found in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes; also described in other organs such as lungs, kidneys, parathyroids and pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013333 pituitary gland peliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013332 peliosis presence of cyst-like blood-filled lakes or cavities (extravasated erythrocytes not contained in capillaries) within the pituitary gland; commonly found in hyperplastic and adenomatous pituitary glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013334 adenohypophysis peliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013333 pituitary gland peliosis presence of cyst-like blood-filled lakes or cavities (extravasated erythrocytes not contained in capillaries) within the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013335 hepatic peliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013332 peliosis presence of cyst-like blood-filled lakes or cavities that lack endothelial linings in the liver parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013336 pituitary gland hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000636 enlarged pituitary gland increase in the bulk size of the pituitary gland due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013338 abnormal neurohypophysis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004164 abnormal neurohypophysis morphology aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland which develops as a neurohypophyseal bud, a depression in the neuroectoderm of the floor of the hypothalamus; the infundibulum, another diverticulum from the inferior aspect of the diencephalon, develops as an outgrowth of the neurohypophyseal bud and connects the neurohypophysis to the hypothalamus; the neurohypophysis develops as the infundibulum grows inferiorly from the diencephalon to meet the developing adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary lobe); the fully developed neurohypophysis consists of the infundibulum and the pars nervosa; the neural connection between the hypothalamus and pars nervosa is through the hypothalamohypophyseal tract that develops within the infundibulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013339 abnormal neurohypophyseal bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003816 abnormal pituitary gland development any structural anomaly of the outgrowth of neuroectoderm located on the floor of the embryonic hypothalamus that gives rise to the neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) of the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013340 abnormal pituicyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004164 abnormal neurohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of the distinctive fusiform cells present in the pars nervosa of the posterior pituitary gland which resemble astrocytes/glial cells of the CNS and assist in the storage and release of neurohypophysial hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013341 abnormal folliculo-stellate cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology any structural anomaly of the star-shaped and follicle-forming cells in the anterior pituitary gland that stain positive for S-100 protein (a marker for FS-cells); ascribed functions include the formation of an extensive and complex tridimentional network, scavenger activity by engulfing degenerated cells, paracrine regulation of endocrine cells by producing various growth factors and cytokines, such as interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, basic fibroblastic growth factor, vascular endothelial cell growth factor and follistatin, and large-scale inter-cellular communication by means of their long cytoplasmic processes and gap junctions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013342 bifurcated Rathke's pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003817 abnormal pituitary diverticulum morphology the appearance of an abnormal division in the diverticulum arsing from the embryonic buccal cavity from which the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is developed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013343 abnormal pituitary gland apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005646 abnormal pituitary gland physiology change in the timing or the number of any pituitary gland cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013344 increased pituitary gland apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013343 abnormal pituitary gland apoptosis increase in the number of any cells of the pituitary gland undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013345 decreased pituitary gland apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013343 abnormal pituitary gland apoptosis decrease in the number of any cells of the pituitary gland undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013346 increased melanotroph apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013344 increased pituitary gland apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the intermediate pituitary that produce melanocyte stimulating hormone and other peptides from the post-translational processing of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013347 increased corticotroph apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013344 increased pituitary gland apoptosis increase in the number of anterior pituitary ACTH-producing basophilic cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013348 adenohypophysis hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008366 enlarged adenohypophysis increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the adenohypophysis, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013349 small Rathke's pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003817 abnormal pituitary diverticulum morphology reduced size of the pouch of ectoderm which grows out from the upper surface of the embryonic stomodeum and gives rise to the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013350 Rathke's pouch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013349 small Rathke's pouch decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the Rathke's pouch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013351 abnormal Rathke's pouch development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003817 abnormal pituitary diverticulum morphology any anomaly in the formation of the pouch of ectoderm which grows out from the upper surface of the embryonic stomodeum and gives rise to the anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013352 abnormal Rathke's pouch apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003817 abnormal pituitary diverticulum morphology any change in the timing or number of Rathke's pouch cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013353 Rathke cleft cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more intrasellar or suprasellar cysts lined by cuboidal epithelium derived from remnants of the Rathke pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013354 increased Rathke pouch tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010320 increased pituitary gland tumor incidence a suprasellar neoplasm, usually cystic, that develops from the nests of epithelium derived from Rathke pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013355 adenohypophysis hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008366 enlarged adenohypophysis increase in the bulk size of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013356 ectopic pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000633 abnormal pituitary gland morphology a pituitary gland located outside of its normal position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013357 ectopic adenohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004163 abnormal adenohypophysis morphology an anterior pituitary gland located outside of its normal position due to arrest of migration from a pharyngeocranial location to the sellar region; a portion or all of the adenohypophysis may persist in the pathway of the pharyngeal pouch, either in the nasopharyngeal wall or within the sphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013358 ectopic neurohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004164 abnormal neurohypophysis morphology a posterior pituitary gland displaced distally in the infundibulum (pituitary stalk) due to defective neuronal migration during embryogenesis, tumors, trauma, or surgical transection of the pituitary stalk; may present with an empty pituitary fossa, hypoplasia or absence of the infundibular stalk and resultant short stature due to growth hormone deficiency; the location of the ectopic lobe can vary, but it is most commonly located along the median eminence in the floor of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013359 abnormal pinealocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000632 abnormal pineal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the principal cell of the pineal gland, characterized by two or more long cell processes ending in bulbous expansions that terminate in perivascular spaces surrounding capillaries; pinealocytes are secretory cells organized into cords and clusters resting on a basal lamina and surrounded by connective tissue, blood vessels lined by fenestrated endothelial cells, and nerves; their cytoplasm contains abundant mitochondria and multiple synaptic ribbons that are randomly distributed; the primary function of the pinealocytes is the secretion of melatonin; pinealocytes receive a direct innervation from sympathetic neurons that form recognizable synapses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013360 abnormal pineal recess morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000826 abnormal third ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the diverticulum of the thin roof of the dorsocaudal third ventricle that projects into the stalk of the pineal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013361 absent pineal recess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013360 abnormal pineal recess morphology absence of the diverticulum of the thin roof of the dorsocaudal third ventricle that projects into the stalk of the pineal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013362 absent pineal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000632 abnormal pineal gland morphology absence of the unpaired epithalamic structure that is shaped like a tiny pine cone and located above the posterior commissure near the level of the habenular complex and the sylvian aqueduct; the pineal is both a circumventricular organ and an endocrine organ that secretes melatonin, a serotonin-derived hormone involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013363 abnormal pineal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the pineal gland which normally develops from a saccular outpocketing of the posterior diencephalic roof in the midline of the third ventricle; continued diverticulation and infolding result in a solid parenchymal mass of cords and clusters of pinealocytes and glial-like interstitial cells supported by a meninges-derived connective tissue that carries blood vessels and nerves to the pineal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013364 enlarged pineal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000632 abnormal pineal gland morphology increased size of the unpaired epithalamic structure that is shaped like a tiny pine cone and located above the posterior commissure near the level of the habenular complex and the sylvian aqueduct; the pineal is both a circumventricular organ and an endocrine organ that secretes melatonin, a serotonin-derived hormone involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013365 increased pineal gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the pineal gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013366 adrenal gland atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002768 small adrenal glands acquired diminution of the size of the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney and responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter secretion from the medulla, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013367 parotid gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013532 abnormal parotid gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in either of the largest of the major salivary glands situated below and in front of each ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013368 abnormal sweat gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of the coiled tubular glands of the skin that secrete sweat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013369 abnormal sweat gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013368 abnormal sweat gland physiology altered ability of the coiled tubular glands of the skin to produce or secrete sweat in response to appropriate stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013370 anhidrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013369 abnormal sweat gland secretion complete absence of sweating in response to appropriate stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013371 hypohidrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013369 abnormal sweat gland secretion decreased sweating in response to appropriate stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013372 hyperhidrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013369 abnormal sweat gland secretion abnormally increased sweating in response to appropriate stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013373 increased sebum secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002991 abnormal sebaceous gland physiology increased production and/or release of the lipid-rich substance that is produced by the sebaceous glands, acts to lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair of mammals, and provides antibacterial activity; sebum is released by disintegrating sebocytes that are continuously replaced from progenitors in the periphery of the sebaceous gland; its composition varies across species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013374 increased sebaceous gland tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010288 increased gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the sebaceous gland occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013375 abnormal sebocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the highly specialized, sebum-producing epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that release their content by rupture of the cell membrane and cellular degradation (holocrine secretion); these cells are most commonly found in the skin in association with hair follicles (forming the pilosebaceous unit), where they arise from hair follicle keratinocytes, but there are also sebaceous glands not associated with a hair follicle; the latter have special functions as secretion of pheromones or corneal protection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013376 abnormal sebocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020982 abnormal skin adnexa development abnormal formation or arrest of differentiation of the sebum-producing epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that release their content by rupture of the cell membrane and cellular degradation; these cells are most commonly found in the skin in association with hair follicles (forming the pilosebaceous unit), where they arise from hair follicle keratinocytes, but there are also sebaceous glands not associated with a hair follicle; the latter have special functions as secretion of pheromones or corneal protection; sebocyte differentiation is defined by increasing accumulation of lipid droplets, the major component of sebum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013377 abnormal sebocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013375 abnormal sebocyte morphology any deviation from the normal numbers of the highly specialized, sebum-producing epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that release their content by rupture of the cell membrane and cellular degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013378 increased sebocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013377 abnormal sebocyte number greater than expected number of the highly specialized, sebum-producing epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that release their content by rupture of the cell membrane and cellular degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013379 decreased sebocyte cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013377 abnormal sebocyte number fewer than expected number of the highly specialized, sebum-producing epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that release their content by rupture of the cell membrane and cellular degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013380 absent sebocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013379 decreased sebocyte cell number failure of formation or loss of the highly specialized, sebum-producing epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that release their content by rupture of the cell membrane and cellular degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013381 abnormal perianal sebaceous gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the modified holocrine gland that is part of the pilosebaceous unit of a hair located in the area around the anus; each of the specialized large hair follicles that surround and form a network around the anus has a pair of large sebaceous glands that empty into the follicle; perianal glands may function as scent glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013382 small perianal sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013381 abnormal perianal sebaceous gland morphology decreased size of the modified holocrine gland that is part of the pilosebaceous unit of a hair located in the area around the anus; each of the specialized large hair follicles that surround and form a network around the anus has a pair of large sebaceous glands that empty into the follicle; perianal glands may function as scent glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013383 increased sebaceous gland adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013374 increased sebaceous gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in any sebaceous gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013384 abnormal Zymbal's gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000647 abnormal sebaceous gland morphology any structural anomaly of either of the paired multilobulated modified auditory sebaceous glands located anterior and ventral to the exterior ear canal in rodents; each gland consists of acinar sebaceous cells and excretory ducts lined by stratified squamous epithelium; the ducts of Zymbal's gland empty into the external ear canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013385 abnormal Meibomian gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020982 abnormal skin adnexa development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate and responsible for the supply of meibum, an oily substance that prevents evaporation of the eye's tear film; in mice, meibomian gland development is initiated around E18.5 with the formation of an epithelial placode and mesenchymal condensation, similar to that observed in hair follicle development; invagination of the epithelium into the developing mesenchyme then continues from birth to about P3 with initial branching of the epithelial cord detected at P5; by P8 the developing meibomian gland shows extensive ductal branching and the formation of distinct acini with mature meibomian glands present by P15 or eyelid opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013386 enlarged Meibomian gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005252 abnormal Meibomian gland morphology increased size of the meibum-secreting modified lobulated sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013387 Meibomian gland hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013386 enlarged Meibomian gland increase in the bulk size of the meibum-secreting modified lobulated sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013388 small Meibomian gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005252 abnormal Meibomian gland morphology decreased size of the meibum-secreting modified lobulated sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013389 Meibomian gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013388 small Meibomian gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the Meibomian gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013390 Meibomian gland cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more non-malignant fluid-filled cysts in the eyelid area due to non-infectious obstruction or malfunctioning of a Meibomian gland causing extravasation of lipid material in the eyelid soft tissues with focal secondary granulomatous inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013391 abnormal Meibomian gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002991 abnormal sebaceous gland physiology any functional anomaly of the meibum-secreting modified lobulated sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate; dysfunctional Meibomian glands may produce an excessive amount of oil, cause dry eyes, or contribute to blepharitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013392 Meibomian gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013391 abnormal Meibomian gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the meibum-secreting modified lobulated sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate; chronic Meibomian gland inflammation can lead to a lump in the eyelid known as a Meibomian gland cyst (aka chalazion) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013393 symblepharon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013402 abnormal bulbar conjunctiva morphology partial or complete adhesion of the palpebral conjunctiva of the eyelid to the bulbar conjunctiva of the eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013394 abnormal palpebral conjunctiva morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology any structural anomaly of the thin transparent mucous membrane that covers the posterior surface of the eyelids and is continuous with the bulbar conjunctiva at the conjunctival fornicies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013395 eyelid hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the eyelid, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013396 eyelid hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the eyeball, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013397 abnormal Zeis gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009535 abnormal skin sebaceous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the unilobar sebaceous glands located on the margin of the eyelid that service the eyelash; these glands produce an oily substance that is issued through the excretory ducts of the sebaceous lobule into the middle portion of the hair follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013398 uterus fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001120 abnormal uterus morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the uterus, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013399 endometrium fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013398 uterus fibrosis invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the endometrium, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013400 abnormal endometrial gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the simple or branched tubular glands found in the mucus membrane of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013401 increased endometrial gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009095 abnormal endometrial gland number greater than normal numbers of the simple or branched tubular glands found in the mucus membrane of the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013402 abnormal bulbar conjunctiva morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001310 abnormal conjunctiva morphology any structural anomaly of the conjunctiva covering the anterior surface of the sclera and the surface epithelium of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013403 abnormal circulating lactate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis any anomaly of the amount of lactate in the blood which is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013404 decreased circulating lactate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013403 abnormal circulating lactate level reduced amount of lactate in the blood which is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013405 increased circulating lactate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013403 abnormal circulating lactate level greater amount of lactate in the blood which is produced from pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013406 abnormal epidermal immune compartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001216 abnormal epidermal layer morphology any anomaly in the constitution or organization of the immune cells residing in the skin epidermal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013407 abnormal dendritic epidermal T cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013406 abnormal epidermal immune compartment any structural anomaly of T cells with dendritic appearance residing in the skin epidermis, usually expressing a canonical gamma-delta T cell receptor and is involved in the regulation of wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013408 abnormal dendritic epidermal T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013407 abnormal dendritic epidermal T cell morphology anomaly in the number of T cells with dendritic appearance residing in the skin epidermis, usually expressing a canonical gamma-delta T cell receptor and is involved in the regulation of wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013409 increased dendritic epidermal T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013408 abnormal dendritic epidermal T cell number increase in the number of T cells with dendritic appearance residing in the skin epidermis, usually expressing a canonical gamma-delta T cell receptor and is involved in the regulation of wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013410 decreased dendritic epidermal T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013408 abnormal dendritic epidermal T cell number reduction in the number of T cells with dendritic appearance residing in the skin epidermis, usually expressing a canonical gamma-delta T cell receptor and is involved in the regulation of wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013412 increased Langerhans cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013411 abnormal Langerhans cell number increase in the number of stellate dendritic cells of myeloid origin, that appear clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013413 abnormal myeloid cell number in bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013661 abnormal myeloid cell number any anomaly in the number of CD45+ CD11b+ GR1- myeloid cells in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013414 decreased myeloid cell number in bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013413 abnormal myeloid cell number in bone marrow reduction in the number of CD45+ CD11b+ GR1- myeloid cells in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013415 increased myeloid cell number in bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013413 abnormal myeloid cell number in bone marrow increase in the number of CD45+ CD11b+ GR1- myeloid cells in the bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013416 abnormal memory-marker gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008345 abnormal gamma-delta T cell number anomaly in the number of memory-marker gamma-delta T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013417 decreased memory-marker gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013416 abnormal memory-marker gamma-delta T cell number reduction in the number of memory-marker gamma-delta T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013418 increased memory-marker gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013416 abnormal memory-marker gamma-delta T cell number increase in the number of memory-marker gamma-delta T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013419 abnormal CD5-positive gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008345 abnormal gamma-delta T cell number anomaly in the number of CD5+ gamma-delta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013420 decreased CD5-positive gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013419 abnormal CD5-positive gamma-delta T cell number reduction in the number of CD5+ gamma-delta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013421 increased CD5-positive gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013419 abnormal CD5-positive gamma-delta T cell number increase in the number of CD5+ gamma-delta T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013422 abnormal KLRG1-positive gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008345 abnormal gamma-delta T cell number anomaly in the number of gamma-delta T cells positive for KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013423 decreased KLRG1-positive gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013422 abnormal KLRG1-positive gamma-delta T cell number reduction in the number of gamma-delta T cells positive for KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013424 increased KLRG1-positive gamma-delta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013422 abnormal KLRG1-positive gamma-delta T cell number increase in the number of gamma-delta T cells positive for KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013425 abnormal memory-marker NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008043 abnormal NK cell number anomaly in the number of memory-marker NK cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013426 decreased memory-marker NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013425 abnormal memory-marker NK cell number reduction in the number of memory-marker NK cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013427 increased memory-marker NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013425 abnormal memory-marker NK cell number increase in the number of memory-marker NK cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013428 abnormal memory CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012773 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number anomaly in the number of the CD4+, CD25+ alpha-beta regulatory T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- memory phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013429 decreased memory CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013428 abnormal memory CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number reduction in the number of the CD4+, CD25+ alpha-beta regulatory T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- memory phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013430 increased memory CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013428 abnormal memory CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number increase in the number of the CD4+, CD25+ alpha-beta regulatory T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- memory phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013431 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012773 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number anomaly in the number of KLRG1+ CD4+, CD25+, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number positive for KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013432 decreased KLRG1-positive CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013431 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number reduction in the number of KLRG1+ CD4+, CD25+, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number positive for KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013433 increased KLRG1-positive CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013431 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number increase in the number of KLRG1+ CD4+, CD25+, alpha-beta regulatory T cell number positive for KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013434 abnormal CD8-positive, naive alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008077 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number anomaly in the number of the naïve regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions with a CD44-low CD62L+ phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013435 decreased CD8-positive, naive alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013434 abnormal CD8-positive, naive alpha-beta T cell number reduction in the number of the naïve regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions with a CD44-low CD62L+ phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013436 increased CD8-positive, naive alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013434 abnormal CD8-positive, naive alpha-beta T cell number increase in the number of the naïve regulatory subset of T lymphocytes that are involved in MHC class I restricted interactions with a CD44-low CD62L+ phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013437 decreased phytosterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010076 abnormal phytosterol level decreased amount of plant sterols often as a result of hyperabsorbtion of phytosterols and decreased biliary excretion of dietary sterols; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013438 dysmyelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000920 abnormal myelination reduced amount of myelin present in the form of a myelin sheath surrounding an axon due to defects in the synthesis and formation of myelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013439 abnormal Harderian gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of the sebaceous gland located behind the eyeball that excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane; in rodents, the Harderian gland originates from the nasal part of the conjunctival epithelium at E16 and forms a branched structure behind the eyeball; in contrast to the acinar morphology of the lacrimal gland, the Harderian gland has a tubulo-alveolar organization and is composed exclusively of one type of secretory cell; in primates, the HG is either absent or vestigial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013440 abnormal exorbital lacrimal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the large exorbital (extra-orbital) lacrimal glands that are located subcutaneously at the anteroventral base of the ear adjacent to the parotid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013441 abnormal intraorbital lacrimal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the small intra-orbital lacrimal glands that are located superficially at the lateral canthus, where both the lacrimal gland and Harderian gland ducts open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013442 abnormal Harderian gland size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005248 abnormal Harderian gland morphology anomaly in the average size of the sebaceous gland located behind the eyeball that excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013443 Harderian gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013446 enlarged Harderian gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the Harderian gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013444 Harderian gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013448 small Harderian gland decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the Harderian gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013445 Harderian gland atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013448 small Harderian gland acquired diminution of the size of the sebaceous gland that is located behind the eyeball and excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013446 enlarged Harderian gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013442 abnormal Harderian gland size increased size of the sebaceous gland that is located behind the eyeball and excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013447 Harderian gland hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013446 enlarged Harderian gland increase in the bulk size, due to cell enlargement, of the sebaceous gland that is located behind the eyeball and excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013448 small Harderian gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013442 abnormal Harderian gland size decreased size of the sebaceous gland that is located behind the eyeball and excretes fluid that facilitates movement of the nictitating membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013449 abnormal lacrimal lake morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008968 abnormal lacrimal apparatus morphology any structural anomaly of the small cistern-like area of the conjunctiva at the medial angle of the eye, in which the tears collect after bathing the front surface of the eyeball and the conjunctival sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013451 nasolacrimal duct obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008969 abnormal nasolacrimal duct morphology any impediment or blockage of the paired channels leading from the lacrimal sacs to the inferior meatus of the nose, through which tears are conducted through the nasal cavity; may be either congenital or acquired; obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct leads to the excess overflow of tears called epiphora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013452 increased lacrimal gland apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the lacrimal gland undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013453 enlarged lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology increased size of any of the paired glands that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013454 lacrimal gland hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013453 enlarged lacrimal gland increase in the bulk size of any of the paired glands that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013455 lacrimal gland atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology acquired diminution of the size of any of the paired glands that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013456 abnormal eccrine gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000675 abnormal eccrine sweat gland morphology aberration in the number of the coiled tubular glands normally situated on the digits and footpads of the paws of rodents, and both in the histologically thick skin of the palmar and plantar surfaces and in the thin skin that covers most of the rest of the body in humans; in mice these are the only sweat glands present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013457 increased eccrine gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013456 abnormal eccrine gland number greater than normal numbers of the coiled tubular glands situated on the digits and footpads of the paws of rodents, and both in the histologically thick skin of the palmar and plantar surfaces and in the thin skin that covers most of the rest of the body in humans; in mice these are the only sweat glands present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013458 decreased eccrine gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013456 abnormal eccrine gland number fewer than normal numbers of the coiled tubular glands situated on the digits and footpads of the paws of rodents, and both in the histologically thick skin of the palmar and plantar surfaces and in the thin skin that covers most of the rest of the body in humans; in mice these are the only sweat glands present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013459 perioral dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001194 dermatitis an inflammatory skin condition characterized by multiple small papules, pustules and vesicles localized to the perioral skin (around the mouth), perinasal or nasolabial folds (around the nostrils), or periocular area (around the eyes) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013460 periocular dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013459 perioral dermatitis inflammation of the skin on the eyelids and around the eyes; a variant of perioral dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013461 abnormal conjunctiva fornix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001310 abnormal conjunctiva morphology any structural anomaly of the space formed by the junction of the bulbar and palpebral portions of the conjunctiva, that of the upper lid being the superior conjunctival fornix (fornix conjunctivae superior) and that of the lower lid, the inferior conjunctival fornix (fornix conjunctivae inferior); the fornix is loose and flexible, allowing the free movement of the lids and eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013462 abnormal conjunctiva goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012164 abnormal conjunctiva goblet cell morphology aberration in the number of the mucin-secreting cells found on the conjunctival epithelium; changes in goblet cell numbers are associated with alterations in tear mucin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013463 increased conjunctiva goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013462 abnormal conjunctiva goblet cell number greater than normal numbers of the mucin-secreting cells found on the conjunctival epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013464 decreased conjunctiva goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013462 abnormal conjunctiva goblet cell number fewer than normal numbers of the mucin-secreting cells found on the conjunctival epithelium; goblet cell loss has been reported in several inflammatory diseases of the ocular surface, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid, alkali burn, neutrophilic keratitis, graft-versus-host-disease, and Sjogrens's syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013465 abnormal conjunctiva goblet cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012164 abnormal conjunctiva goblet cell morphology abnormal or arrested formation of the mucin-secreting cells of the conjunctival epithelium from conjunctival precursor/stem cells; in mice, mucin-rich goblet cells normally emerge from the conjunctival epithelium around P7-P9, increase in number and form goblet cell clusters between the second and third week of postnatal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013466 keratoconjunctivitis sicca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006194 keratoconjunctivitis inflammation of the cornea and conjuctiva caused by eye dryness which, in turn, is caused by either decreased tear production or increased tear film evaporation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013467 diaphragmitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology inflammation of the diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013468 chromodacryorrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020218 abnormal tear production shedding of red or blood-stained tears due to continuous or excessive secretion of porphyrin from the Harderian gland; as these secretions overflow from the eye and drain through the nasal passages to exit the nares dark rust-colored staining, or crust, can be seen around the eyes and nostrils; these secretions may be transferred to the paws and muzzle during grooming; red tears may be associated with nutritional deficiencies, chronic physiological stress, chronic light exposure, or dacryoadenitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013469 abnormal lacrimal gland bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013331 abnormal lacrimal gland development any structural anomaly of the single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation; in mouse, the primary bud arises around E13.5 and extends caudally into the surrounding neural-crest derived periocular mesenchyme; between E15.5 and E16.5 the bud undergoes branching morphogenesis, forming both a major extra-orbital lobe and a minor intraorbital lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013470 absent lacrimal gland bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013469 abnormal lacrimal gland bud morphology absence of the single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation; in mouse, the primary bud arises around E13.5 and extends caudally into the surrounding neural-crest derived periocular mesenchyme at E14.5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013471 small lacrimal gland bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013469 abnormal lacrimal gland bud morphology reduced size of the single bud-like invagination of the conjunctival fornix epithelium at the temporal aspect of the eye that signals lacrimal gland formation; in mouse, the primary bud arises around E13.5 and extends caudally into the surrounding neural-crest derived periocular mesenchyme at E14.5; following elongation, the bud invades the mesenchymal sac at E16.5 and begins a period of rapid growth and branching to form prospective lobular structures: the intra- and ex-orbital lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013472 abnormal lacrimal gland bud elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013331 abnormal lacrimal gland development anomaly in the process by which the primary lacrimal bud extends caudally into the surrounding neural-crest derived periocular mesenchyme; in mice, the primary bud formed at E13.5 elongates at E14.5; following elongation, the bud invades the mesenchymal sac at E16.5 and begins a period of rapid growth and branching to form prospective lobular structures: the intra- and ex-orbital lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013473 ectopic lacrimal gland bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013469 abnormal lacrimal gland bud morphology lacrimal gland bud(s) are located other than in the normal or expected position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013474 abnormal lacrimal gland branching morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013331 abnormal lacrimal gland development anomaly of the lacrimal gland bud to repeatedly divide into lobules during development of the lacrimal gland; in mouse, the primary bud arises around E13.5 and extends caudally into the surrounding neural-crest derived periocular mesenchyme; branching is initiated between E15.5 and E16.5 from the tip of the lacrimal bud; by E18.5, the gland consists of an extensively branched exorbital lobe and a small intraocular lobe derived from a single branch of the proximal duct; branching and differentiation of lacrimal glands is complete by around eyelid opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013475 delayed reproductive senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002161 abnormal fertility/fecundity loss of reproductive capacity occurring at a later than expected age; often accompanied by inability to carry offspring to term http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013476 abnormal Harderian gland porphyrin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003859 abnormal Harderian gland physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of porphyrin(s), the pigment(s) responsible for the red discoloration of ocular and/or nasal discharges in rodents; in rats, protoporhyrin IX accounts for most of the porphyrin produced and stored in the Harderian gland; in some rodents the concentration of porphyrins in the Harderian glands varies according to gender and species, and tends to be higher in females than in males http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013477 abnormal cornea limbus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002092 abnormal eye morphology any structural anomaly of the edge of the cornea where it joins the sclera; the limbus is a common site for the occurrence of corneal epithelial neoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013478 corneal limbitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation inflammation of the corneal limbus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013479 scleritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001851 eye inflammation inflammation of the sclera, the tough white outer coat of the eyeball; may impair vision and occur in association with systemic collagen diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Wegener's granulomatosis and, less often, lupus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013480 cyclitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005515 uveitis inflammation of the ciliary body of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013481 abnormal ileum crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004841 abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology any structural anomaly of the intestinal crypts located in the mucosa of the ileum, the portion of the small intestine that extends from the jejunum to the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013482 abnormal duodenum crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004841 abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology any structural anomaly of the intestinal crypts located in the mucosa of the duodenum, the first division of the small intestine that extends from the pyloris to the junction with the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013483 abnormal jejunum crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004841 abnormal small intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology any structural anomaly of the intestinal crypts located in the mucosa of the jejunum, the portion of the small intestine that extends from the duodenum to the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013484 abnormal Paneth cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004843 abnormal Paneth cell morphology anomaly in the number of the large secretory cells containing coarse granules found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013485 increased Paneth cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013484 abnormal Paneth cell number greater than normal numbers of the large secretory cells containing coarse granules found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013486 decreased Paneth cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013484 abnormal Paneth cell number fewer than normal numbers of the large secretory cells containing coarse granules found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013487 abnormal Paneth cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010156 abnormal small intestinal crypt cell physiology any functional anomaly of the large secretory cells found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine; Paneth cells contribute to the mucosal defense mechanism through the secretion of granules filled with antimicrobial (poly)peptides such as lysozyme, phospholipase A2, and defensins (called cryptdins in mice); Paneth cells secrete factors that help sustain and modulate the epithelial stem and progenitor cells that cohabitate in the crypts of Lieberkuhn and rejuvenate the small intestinal epithelium; dysfunction of Paneth cell biology contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory bowel disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013488 increased keratoacanthoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010300 increased skin tumor incidence greater than the expected number of low-grade skin tumors that originate in the pilosebaceous glands and closely resemble squamous cell carcinoma, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; keratoacanthomas are spontaneously regressing growths that rarely develop into invasive or metastatic carcinoma; in rare instances, multiple keratoacanthomas are associated with a disease process called Muir-Torre syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013489 abnormal infundibular recess of third ventricle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013338 abnormal neurohypophysis development any structural anomaly of the funnel-shaped diverticulum that extends downward from the anterior aspect of the floor of the third ventricle into the infundibulum of the hypophysis; the embryonic structure gives rise the neural component of the pituitary (pas nervosa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013490 absent infundibular recess of third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013489 abnormal infundibular recess of third ventricle morphology absence of the funnel-shaped diverticulum that normally extends downward from the anterior aspect of the floor of the third ventricle into the infundibulum of the hypophysis; the embryonic structure gives rise the neural component of the pituitary (pas nervosa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013491 abnormal Herring body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010913 abnormal neuroendocrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the dilated terminal portions of neurosecretory axons constituting the hypothalamohypophyseal tract, found in close proximity to sinusoidal capillaries in the posterior pituitary; Herring bodies consist of aggregates of membrane-bound neurosecretory vesicles where oxytocin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are stored prior to release; each Herring body also contains ATP and either neurophysin I or neurophysin II which bind to oxytocin and ADH, respectively http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013492 oral erythroplakia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003745 abnormal oral mucosa morphology any lesion of the oral mucosa that presents as bright red plaques or macules with a soft and velvety texture and well-demarcated borders, commonly found in the floor of the mouth, buccal vestibule, the tongue, and the soft palate; an adjacent area of leukoplakia may be found along with the erythroplakia; although erythroplakia is much less common than leukoplakia, erythroplakia carries a significantly higher risk containing dysplasia or carcinoma in situ, and of eventually transforming into invasive squamous cell carcinoma (e.g. oral cancer) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013493 abnormal trachea submucosa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology any structural anomaly of the loose fibrous connective tissue located under the tracheal mucosa and composed of abundant blood and lymphatic vessels, diffuse lymphatic tissue and lymphatic nodules, and seromucous tracheal glands; the submucosa ends with the perichondrium of the tracheal cartilages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013494 abnormal trachea gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014033 abnormal submucosal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the tubuloacinar seromucous glands located principally in the submucosa of the trachea whose excretory ducts pass through the lamina propria to the tracheal lumen; they secrete mucus, lysozyme, defensins, and other agents that help protect the lungs from particles and infectious agents; in the mouse, they are restricted to the upper trachea, more specifically to the regions between the first few cartilage rings, with the precise distribution depending on genetic background http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013495 decreased trachea gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013494 abnormal trachea gland morphology fewer than normal numbers of the tubuloacinar seromucous glands which are principally located in the submucosa of the trachea, open into the tracheal lumen through short ducts, and secrete mucus, lysozyme, defensins, and other agents that help protect the lungs from particles and infectious agents; in the mouse, they are restricted to the upper trachea, more specifically to the regions between the first few cartilage rings, with the precise distribution depending on genetic background http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013497 trachea occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology any impediment or blockage of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013498 trachea inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013499 trachea fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002282 abnormal trachea morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the trachea, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013500 abnormal fibroblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020414 abnormal fibroblast physiology change in the timing or the number of fibroblast cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013501 increased fibroblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013500 abnormal fibroblast apoptosis increase in the timing or the number of fibroblast cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013502 decreased fibroblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013500 abnormal fibroblast apoptosis reduction in the timing or the number of fibroblast cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013505 decreased embryonic tissue cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013503 abnormal embryonic tissue cell apoptosis decrease in the timing or the number of cells in embryonic tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013506 abnormal ovary apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003507 abnormal ovary physiology change in the timing or the number of cells in ovary tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013507 increased ovary apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013506 abnormal ovary apoptosis increase in the number of ovary cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013508 increased granulosa cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031015 abnormal granulosa cell apoptosis increase in the timing or the number of granulsa cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013509 abnormal CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008038 abnormal NK T cell number anomaly in the number of CD4-negative NK T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013510 decreased CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013509 abnormal CD4-negative NK T cell number reduction in the number of CD4-negative NK T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013511 increased CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013509 abnormal CD4-negative NK T cell number increase in the number of CD4-negative NK T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013512 abnormal memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013509 abnormal CD4-negative NK T cell number anomaly in the number of memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013513 decreased memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013512 abnormal memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cell number reduction in the number of memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013514 increased memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013512 abnormal memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cell number increase in the number of memory-marker CD4-negative NK T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013515 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013509 abnormal CD4-negative NK T cell number anomaly in the number of KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cells, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013516 decreased KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013515 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cell number reduction in the number of KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cells, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013517 increased KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013515 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cell number increase in the number of KLRG1-positive CD4-negative NK T cells, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013518 abnormal CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008038 abnormal NK T cell number anomaly in the number of CD4-positive NK T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013519 decreased CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013518 abnormal CD4-positive NK T cell number reduction in the number of CD4-positive NK T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013520 increased CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013518 abnormal CD4-positive NK T cell number increase in the number of CD4-positive NK T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013521 abnormal memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013518 abnormal CD4-positive NK T cell number anomaly in the number of memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013522 decreased memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013521 abnormal memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cell number reduction in the number of memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013523 increased memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013521 abnormal memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cell number increase in the number of memory-marker CD4-positive NK T cells with a CD44+ CD62L- phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013524 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013518 abnormal CD4-positive NK T cell number anomaly in the number of KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cells, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013525 decreased KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013524 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cell number reduction in the number of KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cells, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013526 increased KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013524 abnormal KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cell number increase in the number of KLRG1-positive CD4-positive NK T cells, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013527 absent conjunctiva goblet cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013464 decreased conjunctiva goblet cell number absence or failure to develop the mucin-secreting cells of the conjunctival epithelium from conjunctival precursor/stem cells; in mice, mucin-rich goblet cells normally emerge from the conjunctival epithelium around P7-P9, increase in number and form goblet cell clusters between the second and third week of postnatal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013528 thyroid gland cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled cavities (cysts) in the thyroid commonly resulting from degenerating thyroid adenomas; thyroid cysts are usually benign, but they occasionally contain malignant solid components http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013529 decreased nipple number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006078 abnormal nipple morphology fewer than the expected number of structures located on the apex of the mammary gland on the integument surface into which the lactiferous ducts open; normal female mice have five pairs of mammary glands and nipples (males have no nipples); two pairs of nipples are situated in the abdomino-inguinal region (inguinal group) and three pairs in the ventral thoracic region (pectoral or thoracic group) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013530 abnormal periderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012532 abnormal surface ectoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the outermost layer of the bilaminar embryonic/fetal epidermis, the first non-basal layer formed at approximately E9.5; it is a temporary structure composed of simple squamous epithelium that serves as the first barrier to the embryo's physical environment, exists throughout the entire keratinocyte stratification process, and sheds off at approximately E17, when it is replaced by corneocytes; desquamated peridermal cells are a considerable component of the vernix caseosa, a white, cheesy, protective substance that covers the fetal skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013531 abnormal periderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013530 abnormal periderm morphology abnormal formation of the outermost layer of the bilaminar embryonic/fetal epidermis; periderm cells emerge at approximately E9.5 and form simple squamous epithelium, the most superficial embryonic layer; these cells form the first, but temporary, embryonic permeability barrier, and are replaced by the cornified envelope, that forms during keratinocyte stratification, by E16.5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013532 abnormal parotid gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013534 abnormal major salivary gland physiology any functional anomaly of either of the largest of the major salivary glands situated below and in front of each ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013533 sublingual gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013536 abnormal sublingual gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in either of the small mucin-producing salivary glands located in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013534 abnormal major salivary gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005310 abnormal salivary gland physiology any functional anomaly of the three largest glands of the oral cavity that secrete most of the saliva, including the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013535 abnormal minor salivary gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005310 abnormal salivary gland physiology any functional anomaly of the smaller, largely mucus-secreting, exocrine glands of the oral cavity, consisting of the labial, buccal, molar, lingual, and palatine glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013536 abnormal sublingual gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013534 abnormal major salivary gland physiology any functional anomaly of the small mucin-producing salivary glands in the floor of the mouth beneath the tongue, anterior to the submandibular gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013537 increased salivary gland adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in any salivary gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013538 increased Harderian gland adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012437 increased Harderian gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the Harderian gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013539 increased ovary adenoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010383 increased adenoma incidence greater than the expected number of a benign epithelial neoplasm with a glandular organization arising in the ovary, occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013540 increased submandibular gland apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013300 abnormal submandibular gland physiology increase in the number of cells of the submandibular gland undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013541 abnormal submandibular gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003793 abnormal submandibular gland morphology aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of either of the paired compound tubuloalveolar (aka tubuloacinar) major salivary glands composed of both serous and mucous secretory cells and situated beneath the mandible; in mice, submandibular gland development initiates as a thickening of the oral epithelium; around E12 an initial (single) epithelial bud on a stalk grows into a condensing neural crest-derived mesenchyme; clefts in the epithelium result in 3-5 epithelial buds at E13.5, and branching morphogenesis occurs with continued proliferation, successive rounds of cleft formation, duct elongation, and duct lumen formation, so that by E14 the gland is highly branched (multi-lobed); functional differentiation, with the appearance of proacinar cells and secretory products begins after E15 and continues to birth; acinar differentiation continues postnatally with final differentiation of the granular convoluted tubules at puberty http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013542 abnormal submandibular gland branching morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013541 abnormal submandibular gland development anomaly in the process in which the branching structure of the submandibular gland is generated and organized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013546 cleft soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009890 cleft secondary palate a cleft in the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth; the soft palate is the posterior portion of the palate extending from the posterior edge of the hard palate to the back of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013547 submucous cleft soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013546 cleft soft palate a cleft of the soft palate which is characterized by a midline deficiency or lack of muscular tissue and incorrect positioning of the muscles, but cleft is covered over by the mucous membrane of the roof of the mouth; frequently associated with a bifid or cleft uvula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013548 submucous cleft hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011615 submucous cleft palate a cleft of the hard palate characterized by a bony defect in the midline or center of the bony part of the palate, but cleft is covered over by the mucous membrane of the roof of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013551 decreased cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009968 abnormal cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation reduction in the ability of a cerebellar granule cell precursor population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013552 increased cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009968 abnormal cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation increase in the ability of a cerebellar granule precursor cell population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013553 increased macrophage proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011985 abnormal macrophage proliferation increased ability of macrophages to undergo expansion by cell division; macrophages are large mononuclear phagocytes which differentiate from monocytes, are typically resident in a particular tissue, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013562 abnormal circumventricular organ morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology any structural abnormality of any of the secretory or sensory organs located in the brain region around or in relation to the ventricular system that are characterized by extensive vasculature and a lack of a normal blood brain barrier (BBB) and allow for the linkage between the central nervous system and peripheral blood flow; CVOs contain neural tissue and are an integral part of neuroendocrine function; all of the CVOs, besides the subcommissural organ, contain extensive vasculature and fenestrated capillaries which leads to a leaky BBB at the site of the organs; the lack of a BBB allows CVOs to act as an alternative route for peptides and hormones in the neural tissue to the peripheral blood stream, while still protecting it from toxic substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013565 abnormal adrenal gland capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000639 abnormal adrenal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the thick capsule of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds each adrenal gland and contains scattered elastic fibers; the capsule contains a rich plexus of blood vessels (mainly small arteries) and numerous nerve fibers; some blood vessels and nerves enter the substance of the gland in the trabeculae that extend inward from the capsule and then leave the trabeculae to enter the cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013566 dilated gastric gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003892 abnormal gastric gland morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the branched tubular glands found in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach which contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and zymogenic cells that produce pepsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013567 gastric gland atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003892 abnormal gastric gland morphology acquired diminution of the size of any of the gastric glands, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013568 gastric gland degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003892 abnormal gastric gland morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of any of the branched tubular glands found in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach which contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid and zymogenic cells that produce pepsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013569 gastric gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003892 abnormal gastric gland morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gastric gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013571 abnormal parathyroid gland capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology any structural anomaly of the dense and irregular connective tissue capsule surrounding each parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013572 abnormal parathyroid gland chief cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology any structural anomaly of an epithelial cell that are collectively arranged in wide, irregular interconnecting columns in the parathyroid gland, that is responsible for the synthesis and secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013573 abnormal parathyroid gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of either of the two small, paired endocrine glands, usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland, which secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH), a hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism; in mouse, the parathyroids develop with the thymus from two common parathyroid/thymus primordia originating from the third pharyngeal pouch endoderm; the third pharyngeal pouches are formed at E9.5-E10 and are patterned into dorsal/anterior parathyroid and ventral/posterior thymus domains; the third pouch endoderm proliferates to form bilateral parathyroid/thymus common primordia at E11-E11.5; each primordium separates into one parathyroid gland and one thymus lobe at E12.5-E13.5, which then migrate to their eventual adult locations by about E14.5; in the adult mouse, the parathyroids are located near or embedded within the thyroid gland, and the thymus is situated in the anterior chest cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013574 ectopic parathyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000678 abnormal parathyroid gland morphology a parathyroid gland located outside of its normal position; in the normal adult mouse, the parathyroids are usually found embedded in the connective tissue capsule on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland; because of their common pharyngeal pouch origin, ectopic thyroid and parathyroid tissue can occasionally be found in the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013575 abnormal forestomach-glandular stomach junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the distinct low fold of tissue that separates the non-glandular area of the stomach (forestomach) from the glandular stomach; the limiting ridge extends circumferentially from the large curvature of the stomach to the small curvature, just below the esophagus; at the esophagus, the course of the limiting ridge bends into a U-shape and almost surrounds the esophageal opening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013576 small forestomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010784 abnormal forestomach morphology reduced size of the distinct rodent non-glandular region of the stomach which is demarcated from the glandular stomach by the limiting ridge (margo plicatus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013577 forestomach hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013576 small forestomach decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the forestomach, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013578 abnormal stomach glandular region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology any structural anomaly of the distinct glandular stomach area which in rodents is demarcated from the non-glandular forestomach by the limiting ridge (margo plicatus); the glandular stomach is connected to the small intestine (duodenum); the wall of the glandular stomach consists of, from inside to outside, simple columnar epithelium containing gastric glands, the lamina propria (epithelium and lamina propria form the glandular mucosa), the muscularis mucosae, the submucosa, the muscularis interna and externa (inner circular and outer longitudinal layers of smooth muscle), and the serosa; the gastric glands lined by simple columnar epithelium form deep gastric pits (foveolae) that are perpendicular to the wall of the stomach; three types of gastric glands exist; the cardiac glands, located near the limiting ridge, contain mucous cells; the pyloric glands also contain mucous cells; the fundic glands, which make up the majority of the gastric glands, contain a variety of cells: mucous neck cells, small, basophilic chief cells, and large, round parietal cells with a granular eosinophilic cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013579 increased adrenal gland apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of any cells of the adrenal gland undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013580 abnormal nasal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013558 abnormal exocrine gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the seromucous glands found in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane, including anterior serous glands, seromucous glands, and Bowman glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013581 nasal gland degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013580 abnormal nasal gland morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of any of the seromucous glands found in the respiratory region of the nasal mucous membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013582 abnormal lateral nasal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013580 abnormal nasal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the lateral nasal glands (the largest nasal secretory glands in rodents) which surround the maxillary sinus located in the lateral wall adjacent to each nasal passage and are characterized by cytologic features similar to those described for the major serous salivary glands; secretory contents of the LNG drain into the nasal vestibule; the LNG is a major site for the synthesis and secretion of odorant-binding proteins that serve as odorant carriers in nasal mucus; it also, synthesizes large amounts of immunoglobulin A, which is important for immune defense of the upper respiratory tract, and testosterone and salivary androgen-binding proteins, which are likely important in olfaction and reproductive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013583 salivary gland degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000613 abnormal salivary gland morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of any of the saliva-secreting glands of the oral cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013584 pancreas degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013585 thymus cortex atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003644 thymus atrophy acquired diminution of the outer part of a thymus lobule that surrounds the medulla and is composed of closely packed lymphocytes, associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013586 thymus medulla atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003644 thymus atrophy acquired diminution of the inner area of thymus lobules associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013587 absent thymus medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002375 abnormal thymus medulla morphology lacking the inner area of thymus lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013588 small thymus medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002375 abnormal thymus medulla morphology decreased size of the inner area of thymus lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013589 thymus medulla hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013588 small thymus medulla decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thymus medulla, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013590 enlarged thymus medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002375 abnormal thymus medulla morphology increased size of the inner area of thymus lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013591 thymus medulla hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013590 enlarged thymus medulla increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thymus medulla, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013594 abnormal parotid gland acinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003452 abnormal parotid gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the secretory units (acini) of either parotid gland which in human and rodent consist almost exclusively of serous secretory cells with their lumina continuous with intercalated ducts; in mouse, parotid gland acini are very small and consist of 3-4 tall pyramidal cells with strongly basophilic cytoplasm and basally located, large spherical nuclei; the serous secretory cells contain many secretory granules having an electron-lucent profile which are situated in the supranuclear cytoplasm; the serous secretory cells have a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum in the infranuclear region and are surrounded by myoepithelial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013595 absent vomeronasal organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002243 abnormal vomeronasal organ morphology lacking the tubular, crescent-sensory organ with a luminal epithelium that contains chemosensitive receptor cells with microvilli that are thought to detect pheromones and transmit signals to the remainder of the accessory olfactory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013596 abnormal vomeronasal organ physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005423 abnormal somatic nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the tubular, crescent-sensory organ with a luminal epithelium that contains chemosensitive receptor cells with microvilli that are thought to detect pheromones and transmit signals to the remainder of the accessory olfactory system; the organ lies at the base the nasal cavity and is split into two, separated by the nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013597 small vomeronasal organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002243 abnormal vomeronasal organ morphology reduced size of the tubular, crescent-sensory organ with a luminal epithelium that contains chemosensitive receptor cells with microvilli that are thought to detect pheromones and transmit signals to the remainder of the accessory olfactory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013598 Leydig cell hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002786 abnormal Leydig cell morphology increased size of the interstitial cells that are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013599 Leydig cell atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002786 abnormal Leydig cell morphology acquired diminution of the interstitial cells that are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH), associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013600 testis degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of either or both of the male reproductive glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013601 increased testis apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031353 abnormal testis apoptosis increase in the number of cells in testicular tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013602 abnormal Leydig cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002786 abnormal Leydig cell morphology atypical formation of or inability to produce the interstitial cells that are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle and produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone; in most mammals, normal Leydig cell (LC) development comprises two sequential but overlapping cell lineages known as the fetal and adult type LC populations, which display distinct functional characteristics reflected by different morphology, hormonal regulation, and steroidogenic output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013603 abnormal fetal Leydig cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013602 abnormal Leydig cell differentiation atypical formation of or inability to produce the first or fetal population of Leydig cells (FLCs); in mice, FLCs arise in the testicular interstitium between E12.5 and E13.0, approximately 1 day after the appearance of Sertoli cells; Sertoli cells trigger differentiation of steroidogenic factor 1-positive (SF1-positive) progenitor cells into FLCs via paracrine regulation; the intercellular Notch signaling pathway is also involved in FLC establishment and maintenance; the FLC population increases dramatically during embryonic development despite the fact that differentiating FLCs are mitotically inactive, suggesting that expansion of FLC populations results from differentiation of progenitor cells, rather than cell division of existing FLCs; the SF1-positive cells in gonadal primordia are the primary source of FLCs but other sources such as neighboring mesonephros, migrating neural crest cells, and cells from the coelomic epithelium or interstitium are potential contributors also; at the end of fetal life and during the first 2 postnatal weeks in rodents, FLCs are gradually replaced by adult Leydig cells (ALCs) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013604 abnormal adult Leydig cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013602 abnormal Leydig cell differentiation atypical formation of or inability to produce the second or adult population of Leydig cells (ALCs) between birth and puberty; ALCs arise in the interstitium of adult testes from unknown progenitor cells and become the major source of androgens that control differentiation of the male reproductive tract and spermatogenesis; ALCs are not derived from fetal Leydig cells (FLCs), and the origin and the molecular events that control ALC differentiation are poorly understood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013605 abnormal ovarian bursa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009216 abnormal peritoneum morphology any structural anomaly of the peritoneal recess between the medial aspect of the ovary and the mesosalpinx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013606 abnormal ovarian fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009216 abnormal peritoneum morphology any structural anomaly of the shallow depression in the parietal peritoneum of the pelvis that lodges the ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013607 ovary fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the ovary, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013608 abnormal ovarian cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of the ovarian stroma lying immediately beneath the tunica albuginea, composed of connective tissue cells and fibers, among which are scattered primary and secondary (antral) follicles in various stages of development; the cortex varies in thickness according to the age of the individual, becoming thinner with advancing years; included in the follicles are the cumulus oophorus, membrana granulosa (and the granulosa cells inside it), corona radiata, zona pellucida, and primary oocyte; the zona pellucida, theca of follicle, antrum and liquor folliculi are also contained in the follicle; also in the cortex is the corpus luteum derived from the follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013609 abnormal ovarian medulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any structural anomaly of the highly vascular stroma found in the center of the ovary that forms from embryonic mesenchyme and contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves; this stroma forms the tissue of the hilum by which the ovarian ligament is attached, and through which the blood vessels enter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013610 abnormal rete ovarii morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any structural anomaly of the canal structure formed from the primary sex cords in females; a transient network of cells in the developing ovary that is homologous to the rete testis in males http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013611 abnormal bile duct epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002928 abnormal bile duct morphology any structural anomaly of the epithelium lining the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013612 enlarged caudal vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002759 abnormal caudal vertebrae morphology increased size of the bony segments of the coccyx or tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013613 abnormal volumetric bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010119 abnormal bone mineral density anomaly of the mineral mass per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts; this is expressed as the amount of mineral per cubic cm of bone (usually in mgHA/cm^3), with results generated from Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and other tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013614 abnormal areal bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010119 abnormal bone mineral density anomaly of the mineral mass per unit area of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts; expressed as the amount of mineral per area cm^2 of bone (usually in g/cm^2), with results generated from Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA) tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013615 increased volumetric bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013613 abnormal volumetric bone mineral density increase in the mineral mass per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts; this is expressed as the amount of mineral per cubic cm of bone (usually in mgHA/cm^3), with results generated from Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and other tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013616 decreased volumetric bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013613 abnormal volumetric bone mineral density reduction in the mineral mass per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts; this is expressed as the amount of mineral per cubic cm of bone (usually in mgHA/cm^3), with results generated from Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and other tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013617 increased areal bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013614 abnormal areal bone mineral density increase in the mineral mass per unit area of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts; expressed as the amount of mineral per area cm^2 of bone (usually in g/cm^2), with results generated from Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA) tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013618 decreased areal bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013614 abnormal areal bone mineral density reduction of the mineral mass per unit area of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts; expressed as the amount of mineral per area cm^2 of bone (usually in g/cm^2), with results generated from Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA) tests http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013619 abnormal long bone internal diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003723 abnormal long bone morphology anomaly of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of a long bone marrow cavity, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge of the bone marrow cavity through the mid point of the bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013620 increased internal diameter of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013619 abnormal long bone internal diameter increased cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the femur long bone marrow cavity, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge of the bone marrow cavity through the mid point of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013621 decreased internal diameter of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013619 abnormal long bone internal diameter reduced cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the femur long bone marrow cavity, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge of the bone marrow cavity through the mid point of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013622 abnormal femur compact bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology reduced or increased width of the superficial layer of compact bone at the midpoint of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013623 increased femur compact bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013622 abnormal femur compact bone thickness increased width of the superficial layer of compact bone at the midpoint of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013624 decreased femur compact bone thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013622 abnormal femur compact bone thickness reduced width of the superficial layer of compact bone at the midpoint of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013625 increased femur yield load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004149 increased bone strength increase in load (N) on the femur at which elastic deformation ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013626 decreased femur yield load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004991 decreased bone strength decrease in load (N) on the femur at which elastic deformation ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013627 increased vertebra yield load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004149 increased bone strength increase in load (N) on a vertebra at which elastic deformation ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013628 decreased vertebra yield load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004991 decreased bone strength decrease in load (N) on a vertebra at which elastic deformation ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013629 abnormal bone trabecular spacing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000130 abnormal trabecular bone morphology any deviation in the amount of space between trabeculae in cancellous bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013630 increased bone trabecular spacing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013629 abnormal bone trabecular spacing increase in the amount of space between trabeculae in cancellous bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013631 decreased bone trabecular spacing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013629 abnormal bone trabecular spacing decrease in the amount of space between trabeculae in cancellous bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013632 increased femur maximal load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004149 increased bone strength increase in the maximal load (N) that can be sustained by the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013633 decreased femur maximal load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004991 decreased bone strength decrease in the maximal load (N) that can be sustained by the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013634 increased femur fracture load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004149 increased bone strength increase in the load at which material failure occurs after plastic deformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013635 decreased femur fracture load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004991 decreased bone strength decrease in the load at which material failure occurs after plastic deformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013636 abnormal bone stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology deviation in material stiffness (N/mm) during elastic deformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013637 increased femur stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013640 increased bone stiffness increase in material stiffness (N/mm) during elastic deformation in the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013638 decreased femur stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013639 decreased bone stiffness decrease in material stiffness (N/mm) during elastic deformation in the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013639 decreased bone stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013636 abnormal bone stiffness decrease in material stiffness (N/mm) during elastic deformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013640 increased bone stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013636 abnormal bone stiffness increase in material stiffness (N/mm) during elastic deformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013641 increased vertebra stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013640 increased bone stiffness increase in material stiffness (N/mm) during elastic deformation in a vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013642 decreased vertebra stiffness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013639 decreased bone stiffness decrease in material stiffness (N/mm) during elastic deformation in a vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013643 decreased vertebra maximal load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004991 decreased bone strength decrease in the maximal load (N) that can be sustained by a vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013644 increased vertebra maximal load http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004149 increased bone strength increase in the maximal load (N) that can be sustained by a vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013645 increased energy dissipated prior to femur fracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001542 abnormal bone strength increase in the fraction of total energy dissapated prior to ultimate material failure (low energy fracture) by the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013646 decreased energy dissipated prior to femur fracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001542 abnormal bone strength decrease in the fraction of total energy dissapated prior to ultimate material failure (high energy fracture) by the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013647 abnormal CD11b-high dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number anomaly in the number of dendritic cells expressing high levels of CD11b which usually depend on Irf4 for their development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013648 increased CD11b-high dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013647 abnormal CD11b-high dendritic cell number increase in the number of dendritic cells expressing high levels of CD11b which usually depend on Irf4 for their development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013649 decreased CD11b-high dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013647 abnormal CD11b-high dendritic cell number reduction in the number of dendritic cells expressing high levels of CD11b which usually depend on Irf4 for their development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013650 abnormal CD11b-low dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number anomaly in the number of dendritic cells expressing low levels of CD11b which usually express CD8, depend on Irf8 and Batf3 for their development and are responsible for cross-presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013651 increased CD11b-low dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013650 abnormal CD11b-low dendritic cell number increase in the number of dendritic cells expressing low levels of CD11b which usually express CD8, depend on Irf8 and Batf3 for their development and are responsible for cross-presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013652 decreased CD11b-low dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013650 abnormal CD11b-low dendritic cell number reduction in the number of dendritic cells expressing low levels of CD11b which usually express CD8, depend on Irf8 and Batf3 for their development and are responsible for cross-presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013653 abnormal CD103-positive CD11b-low dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008125 abnormal dendritic cell number anomaly in the number of CD11b-low dendritic cells expressing CD103, a marker of tissue residency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013654 increased CD103-positive CD11b-low dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013653 abnormal CD103-positive CD11b-low dendritic cell number increase in the number of CD11b-low dendritic cells expressing CD103, a marker of tissue residency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013655 decreased CD103-positive CD11b-low dendritic cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013653 abnormal CD103-positive CD11b-low dendritic cell number reduction in the number of CD11b-low dendritic cells expressing CD103, a marker of tissue residency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013665 abnormal immature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013699 abnormal immature NK cell morphology anomaly in the number of NK cells lacking expression of the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013666 decreased immature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013665 abnormal immature NK cell number reduction in the number of NK cells lacking expression of the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013667 increased immature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013665 abnormal immature NK cell number increase in the number of NK cells lacking expression of the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013668 abnormal Ly6C-positive immature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013665 abnormal immature NK cell number anomaly in the number of immature NK cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013669 decreased Ly6C-positive immature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013668 abnormal Ly6C-positive immature NK cell number reduction in the number of immature NK cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013670 increased Ly6C-positive immature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013668 abnormal Ly6C-positive immature NK cell number increase in the number of immature NK cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013671 abnormal mature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013700 abnormal mature NK cell morphology anomaly in the number of NK cells expressing the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013672 decreased mature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013671 abnormal mature NK cell number reduction in the number of NK cells expressing the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013673 increased mature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013671 abnormal mature NK cell number increase in the number of NK cells expressing the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013674 abnormal Ly6C-positive mature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013671 abnormal mature NK cell number anomaly in the number of mature NK cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013675 decreased Ly6C-positive mature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013674 abnormal Ly6C-positive mature NK cell number reduction in the number of mature NK cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013676 increased Ly6C-positive mature NK cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013674 abnormal Ly6C-positive mature NK cell number increase in the number of mature NK cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013677 abnormal Ly6C-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008038 abnormal NK T cell number anomaly in the number of NK T cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013678 decreased Ly6C-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013677 abnormal Ly6C-positive NK T cell number reduction in the number of NK T cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013679 increased Ly6C-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013677 abnormal Ly6C-positive NK T cell number increase in the number of NK T cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013681 abnormal early germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013680 abnormal germinal center B cell number any structural anomaly of germinal center B cells with residual expression of IgD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013682 abnormal late germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013680 abnormal germinal center B cell number anomaly in the number of germinal center B cells expressing IgG1 and lacking expression of IgD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013683 decreased early germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013681 abnormal early germinal center B cell number reduction in the number of germinal center B cells with residual expression of IgD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013684 increased early germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013681 abnormal early germinal center B cell number increase in the number of germinal center B cells with residual expression of IgD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013685 decreased late germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013682 abnormal late germinal center B cell number reduction in the number of germinal center B cells expressing IgG1 and lacking expression of IgD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013686 increased late germinal center B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013682 abnormal late germinal center B cell number increase in the number of germinal center B cells expressing IgG1 and lacking expression of IgD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013687 abnormal CD5-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006387 abnormal T cell number anomaly in the number of T cells expressing CD5, a negative regulator of T cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013688 decreased CD5-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013687 abnormal CD5-positive T cell number reduction in the number of T cells expressing CD5, a negative regulator of T cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013689 increased CD5-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013687 abnormal CD5-positive T cell number increase in the number of T cells expressing CD5, a negative regulator of T cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013690 abnormal CD5-positive Ly6C-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013687 abnormal CD5-positive T cell number anomaly in the number of CD5-positive T cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013691 decreased CD5-positive Ly6C-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013690 abnormal CD5-positive Ly6C-positive T cell number reduction in the number of CD5-positive T cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013692 increased CD5-positive Ly6C-positive T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013690 abnormal CD5-positive Ly6C-positive T cell number increase in the number of CD5-positive T cells expressing the memory marker Ly6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013694 abnormal granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of a hematopoietic progenitor cell that is committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages; these cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013695 abnormal granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013694 abnormal granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell morphology anomaly in the number of a hematopoietic progenitor cell that is committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages; these cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013696 increased granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013695 abnormal granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell number increase in the number of a hematopoietic progenitor cell that is committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages; these cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013697 decreased granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013695 abnormal granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell number reduction in the number of a hematopoietic progenitor cell that is committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages; these cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013698 absent granulocyte monocyte progenitor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013697 decreased granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell number absence of hematopoietic progenitor cells that are committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages; these cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013699 abnormal immature NK cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005068 abnormal NK cell morphology any structural anomaly in the number of NK cells lacking expression of the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013700 abnormal mature NK cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005068 abnormal NK cell morphology any structural anomaly of NK cells expressing the maturation marker CD11b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013702 abnormal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology any structural anomaly of a progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013703 abnormal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013702 abnormal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell morphology anomaly in the number of a progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013704 increased megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013703 abnormal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell number increase in the number of a progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013705 decreased megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013703 abnormal megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell number reduced number of a progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013706 absent megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013705 decreased megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell number absence of progenitor cells committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013656 abnormal hematopoietic cell morphology any structural anomaly of a hematopoietic cell that is a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013708 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013707 abnormal hematopoietic precursor cell morphology anomaly in the number of a hematopoietic cell that is a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013709 abnormal cervical mammary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of either of two mammary glands located in the cervical (i.e. neck) region, forward of the axial area of the forelimbs (mice have a single pair of cervical mammary glands) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013710 abnormal abdominal mammary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two mammary glands located in the abdominal wall (mice have a single pair of abdominal mammary glands) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013711 abnormal inguinal mammary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two mammary glands located in the inguinal region between the hind legs (mice have a single pair of inguinal mammary glands) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013712 abnormal thoracic mammary gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of any of the mammary glands located in the thoracic (i.e. pectoral or chest wall) region (mice have two pairs of thoracic mammary glands) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013713 decreased nipple size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006078 abnormal nipple morphology reduced size of the erectile projection at the apex of the mammary gland where the lactiferous ducts open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013715 decreased mammary gland number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013714 abnormal mammary gland number fewer than the expected number of the specialized accessory gland of the skin of mammals that secretes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013716 hypolactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001882 abnormal lactation partial failure, or reduced ability to produce or secrete milk from the mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013717 hyperlactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001882 abnormal lactation secretion of milk from the mammary gland in excessive amount, or for an abnormally prolonged period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013718 galactostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003838 abnormal milk ejection abnormal accumulation of milk within the mammary gland alveoli and ducts due to failure of ejection (letdown) from the gland; may be associated with nipple anatomic abnormalities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013719 pale mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology loss of the normal reddish-pink color of mammary gland tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013720 abnormal mammary line morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000628 abnormal mammary gland development any structural anomaly of either of the presumptive bilateral epidermal ridges (milk lines) formed at the onset of mammogenesis and running in an anteroposterior direction ventrally between fore- and hindlimbs, one line along each flank of the embryo; in mouse, mammary gland development begins shortly after mid-gestation (about E10.5); epidermal cells within the milk line become columnar and multilayered, defining a ridge that protrudes above and below the plane of the single-layered primitive epidermis or periderm; by E11.5, five pairs of lens-shaped placodes form along the mammary line at the site of each future nipple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013721 abnormal mammary placode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004135 abnormal mammary gland embryonic development any structural anomaly of the transient lens-shaped thickening of surface ectoderm that will give rise to the mammary bud proper; in mouse, five pairs of symmetrically positioned mammary placodes (three thoracic and two inguinal) form at reproducible locations along the mammary line at E11.5; the individual pairs develop asynchronously and in a distinct order; pair 3 is first, followed by pair 4, then by pairs 1 and 5 (which develop together), and finally by pair 2; the orientation of placodal cells is not uniform, suggesting that placodes are formed by migration of cells from the mammary line; between E11.5 and E12.5, each mammary placode expands and invaginates into the underlying mesenchyme to form an early bulb-shaped mammary bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013722 abnormal circulating tyrosine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level aberrant concentration in the blood of tyrosine or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine, a non-essential amino acid with a polar side group present in most proteins and synthesized metabolically from phenylalanine; tyrosine is a precursor of melanin, catecholamines, and thyroid hormones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013723 increased circulating tyrosine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013722 abnormal circulating tyrosine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of tyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013724 decreased circulating tyrosine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013722 abnormal circulating tyrosine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of tyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013725 abnormal mammary gland cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009503 abnormal mammary gland duct morphology any structural anomaly of the solid cord of epithelial cells that emerges from the mammary bud and grows down from the primary mammary mesenchyme and into a second stromal compartment, the fat pad precursor, beneath the dermis; in female mouse embryos, the primary mammary cord (mammary sprout) is formed between E15.5 and E16.5; once the primary cord reaches the adipocytes of the fat pad (around E16), it begins to branch in a characteristic dichotomous fashion to form the initial ductal tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013726 abnormal mammary gland cord formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013725 abnormal mammary gland cord morphology any anomaly in the process by which the mammary gland cord forms by elongation of the mammary bud; in female mouse embryos, the cord is formed between E15.5 and E16.5, once the elongating bud breaks through the primary mammary mesenchyme and reaches the fat pad precursor, and remains connected to the epidermis; by E16.5 a lumen develops within the sprout resulting in a primary duct opening to the exterior, and the nipple forms by differentiation of the overlying epidermis in response to signals from specialized mammary mesenchyme; in male mouse embryos, the activation of androgen receptors causes the mammary buds to separate from the epithelium between E14.5 and E15.5 and subsequently degenerate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013727 abnormal nipple sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006078 abnormal nipple morphology any structural abnormality of the circular ingrowth of the epidermis around the origin of the mammary cord (mammary sprout); in female mouse embryos, the nipple sheath is the first histological evidence of nipple formation seen at E16.5; at E18, the epidermis at the bottom of this epidermal ingrowth is lifted, making a rounded elevated portion, which is the anlage of the nipple http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013728 abnormal nipple sheath formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013727 abnormal nipple sheath morphology any anomaly in the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the nipple sheath from the unspecified epidermis; in female mouse embryos, this process begins with a circular ingrowth of the epidermis around the origin of the mammary cord (mammary sprout) at E16.5 and ends before the underlying epidermis begins to elevate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013729 absent nipple sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013727 abnormal nipple sheath morphology absence or failure of formation of the circular ingrowth of the epidermis around the origin of the mammary cord (mammary sprout); in female mouse embryos, the nipple sheath is the first histological evidence of nipple formation seen at E16.5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013730 glutathionuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012606 increased glutathione level elevated concentrations of the reducing agent glutathione in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013731 immature cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract an early stage cataract in which the lens is partially opaque, absorbs fluid and increases by swelling; the lens is only slightly opaque and the cortex is clear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013732 mature cataract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001304 cataract cataract in which the both the lens nucleus and cortex are opaque and lens fibers are swollen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013733 squamous metaplasia of bulbourethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001169 abnormal bulbourethral gland morphology a benign non-cancerous transformation of the bulbourethral glandular epithelium into stratified squamous epithelium; keratinization may be present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013734 squamous metaplasia of preputial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013329 abnormal preputial gland morphology a benign non-cancerous transformation of the preputial glandular epithelium into stratified squamous epithelium; keratinization may be present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013735 squamous metaplasia of urethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011792 abnormal urethral gland morphology a benign non-cancerous transformation of the urethral glandular epithelium into stratified squamous epithelium; keratinization may be present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013736 abnormal bulbourethral gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001169 abnormal bulbourethral gland morphology aberrant formation or incomplete differentiation of either of the small paired racemose (compound tubulo-alveolar) glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch, and enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle; in mouse, bulbourethral glands are first identifiable at E17.5 and epithelial branching normally starts at postnatal day P1; during development, bulbourethral glands arise as epithelial outgrowths of the endodermal urogenital sinus invading the condensed mesenchyme flanking the primitive urethra; during subsequent development the epithelium branches extensively, filling the mesenchymal capsule and giving rise to the highly arborized ductal system of the mature organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013737 small bulbourethral gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001169 abnormal bulbourethral gland morphology reduced size of either of the small paired racemose (compound tubulo-alveolar) glands below the apex of the prostate in males, located posterolateral to the membranous portion of the urethra at the base of the penis, between the two layers of the fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, in the deep perineal pouch, and enclosed by transverse fibers of the sphincter urethrae membranaceae muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013738 abnormal testis tunica albuginea morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology any structural anomaly of the dense fibrous connective tissue layer that covers the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013739 abnormal testis tunica vaginalis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology any structural anomaly of the outer coelomic epithelial covering of the testis; a sac of serous tissue covering the testis and the epididymis within which the testis can move about; it covers the tunica albuginea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013740 Meibomian gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013386 enlarged Meibomian gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the Meibomian gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013741 absent thymus corticomedullary boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009543 abnormal thymus corticomedullary boundary morphology complete absence or loss of the dense region demarcating the thymus medulla from the surrounding cortex that is characterized by numerous blood vessels (predominantly arterioles) with some perivascular connective tissue, mature and immature T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, variable numbers of perivascular B-lymphocytes and plasma cells; normally, this is the site of entry of bone marrow stem cells and exit of mature, functional T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013742 absent ciliary body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005099 abnormal ciliary body morphology absence of the thickened portion of the vascular tunic, which lies between the choroid and the iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013743 ciliary body hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005099 abnormal ciliary body morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the ciliary body, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013744 abnormal conjunctival sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the space bound by the conjunctival membrane between the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, into which the lacrimal fluid is secreted; it is a closed space when eye is closed; when eye is open, the sac is open anteriorly through the palpebral fissure (between the eyelids) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013745 abnormal eyelid margin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology any structural anomaly of the confluence of the mucosal surface of the conjunctiva, the edge of the orbicularis, and the cutaneous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013746 abnormal parotid intralobular duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009517 abnormal salivary gland duct morphology any structural anomaly of any of the tubular canals of the parotid gland located within the parenchymal (secretory) tissue i.e. within lobules; both intercalated and striated (secretory) ducts are intralobular ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013747 abnormal parotid intercalated duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013746 abnormal parotid intralobular duct morphology any structural anomaly of the small intralobular tubular canal that leads directly from the serous acinus of the parotid gland to a striated (secretory) duct; in mouse, the intercalated ducts are short and narrow and are lined by low cuboidal epithelial cells with large central nuclei; they secrete bicarbonate ion into and absorb chloride ion from the acinar product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013748 abnormal parotid striated duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013746 abnormal parotid intralobular duct morphology any structural anomaly of the intralobular secretory duct of the parotid gland which connects an intercalated duct to an interlobular excretory duct; striated ducts are lined by cuboidal to columnar acidophilic cells and are so-named because of characteristic striations in the basal portions of the cells which are due to the alignment of mitochondria between deep infoldings of the basal cell membrane; the nucleus is in the central part of the cell above the striations; as they approach the excretory ducts, their diameter may exceed that of the acini; striated ducts reabsorb sodium and secrete potassium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013749 abnormal parotid interlobular duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013750 abnormal parotid excretory duct morphology any structural anomaly of the excretory ducts of the parotid gland which are found in the connective tissue septa i.e. between lobules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013750 abnormal parotid excretory duct morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009517 abnormal salivary gland duct morphology any structural anomaly of the interlobular excretory ducts of the parotid gland which are found in the connective tissue septa and formed by the union of several intralobular striated (secretory) ducts; ultimately, the excretory ducts of the parotid gland coalesce and form a single main excretory duct (Stensen's duct) that opens into the oral cavity; excretory ducts do not change the secretory product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013752 stridor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001950 abnormal respiratory sounds a high-pitched breath sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the larynx or lower in the bronchial tree; it should not to be confused with stertor which is a noise originating in the pharynx; stridor is a physical sign which is caused by a narrowed or obstructed airway; it can be inspiratory, expiratory or biphasic, although it is usually heard during inspiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013753 tracheomalacia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology a condition characterized by flaccidity of the tracheal support cartilage which leads to tracheal collapse especially when increased airflow is demanded; the trachea normally dilates slightly during inspiration and narrows slightly during expiration; these processes are exaggerated in tracheomalacia, leading to airway collapse on expiration; the usual symptom of tracheomalacia is expiratory stridor or laryngeal crow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013755 abnormal intestinal phytosterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005342 abnormal intestinal lipid absorption any anomaly in the process in which phytosterols are taken up from the contents of the intestine; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013756 increased intestinal phytosterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013755 abnormal intestinal phytosterol absorption increased ability to take up phytosterols from the contents of the intestine; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013757 decreased intestinal phytosterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013755 abnormal intestinal phytosterol absorption reduced ability to take up phytosterols from the contents of the intestine; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013758 increased intestinal glucose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001669 abnormal intestinal glucose absorption increased ability of the small intestine to absorb glucose into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013759 decreased intestinal glucose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001669 abnormal intestinal glucose absorption reduced ability of the small intestine to absorb glucose into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013765 iris hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001322 abnormal iris morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the iris, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013766 absent palatal rugae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009652 abnormal palatal rugae morphology absence of the transverse folds (ridges) of the mucosa located on the anterior third part of the secondary (hard) palate of most mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013767 decreased palatal rugae number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009652 abnormal palatal rugae morphology reduced number of transverse folds (ridges) of the mucosa located on the anterior third part of the secondary (hard) palate of most mammalian species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013768 decreased marginal zone precursor B cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008211 decreased mature B cell number reduction in the number of CD23-positive, CD21-positive B cells in the marginal zone of lymphoid tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013770 abnormal effector memory T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number anomaly in the number of CD4-positive alpha-beta T-helper cells with a CD44-positive, CD62L-negative memory phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013771 decreased effector memory T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013770 abnormal effector memory T-helper cell number reduction in the number of CD4-positive alpha-beta T-helper cells with a CD44-positive, CD62L-negative memory phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013772 increased effector memory T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013770 abnormal effector memory T-helper cell number increase in the number of CD4-positive alpha-beta T-helper cells with a CD44-positive, CD62L-negative memory phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013773 abnormal KLRG1-positive T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013761 abnormal T-helper cell number anomaly in the number of CD4-positive alpha-beta T-helper cells expressing KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013774 decreased KLRG1-positive T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013773 abnormal KLRG1-positive T-helper cell number reduction in the number of CD4-positive alpha-beta T-helper cells expressing KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013775 increased KLRG1-positive T-helper cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013773 abnormal KLRG1-positive T-helper cell number increase in the number of CD4-positive alpha-beta T-helper cells expressing KLRG1, a marker associated with activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013776 bone marrow failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010763 abnormal hematopoietic stem cell physiology inherited or acquired dysfunction of hematopoietic stem cells that can result in abnormalities in one or more of the stem cell lineages (erythroid, myeloid, megakaryocytic) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013777 spontaneous remission from bone marrow failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013776 bone marrow failure a lessening of symptoms or intensity of disease due to bone marrow failure that occurs without treatment and may be temporary or permanent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013778 abnormal mammary gland myoepithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009504 abnormal mammary gland epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the outer cell layer of the mammary gland epithelium bilayer which is located basal to the luminal (secretory) cells and adjacent to the basement membrane; basal cells (aka myoepithelial cells) are specialized epithelial cells that express smooth muscle-specific contractile and cytoskeletal properties; in lactating females, milk is produced by luminal cells, secreted into the alveolar lumen and collected in the ducts for expulsion out of the body through the nipple, due to the contractile activity of the basal myoepithelial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013779 abnormal mammary gland myoepithelium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010172 abnormal mammary gland epithelium physiology any functional anomaly of the outer cell layer of the mammary gland epithelium bilayer which is located basal to the luminal (secretory) cells and adjacent to the basement membrane; basal cells (aka myoepithelial cells or MECs) are specialized epithelial cells that express smooth muscle-specific contractile and cytoskeletal properties; during lactation, MECs contract in response to oxytocin to generate the contractile force required for milk ejection; MECs are involved in all developmental stages of mammary gland morphogenesis, modulating proliferation and differentiation of luminal cells; they take part in the formation of extracellular matrix, synthesizing its components and secreting proteinases and their inhibitors; in addition, MECs are regarded as natural cancer suppressors: they secrete suppressor proteins limiting cancer growth, invasiveness, and neoangiogenesis; MECs are markedly resistant to malignant transformation and they are able to suppress the transformation of neighboring luminal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013780 decreased mammary myoepithelial cell contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013779 abnormal mammary gland myoepithelium physiology reduced ability of the mammary myoepithelial cells to contract in response to oxytocin and generate the contractile force required for successful milk ejection and lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013781 abnormal mammary gland luminal epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009504 abnormal mammary gland epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the inner cell layer of the mammary epithelium bilayer that lines the luminal surface of mammary gland ducts and alveoli; luminal cells have only limited contact with the underlying basement membrane and surrounding connective tissue; they are secretory epithelial cells characterized by the expression of the receptors for systemic hormones, i.e. estrogens, progesterone and prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013782 abnormal mammary duct terminal end bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009503 abnormal mammary gland duct morphology any structural anomaly of the unique club-shaped epithelial structure that develops at the tip of the mammary duct at the onset of puberty (approximately 3 weeks of age in mouse) under the action of circulating hormones; terminal end buds (TEBs) consist of an outer layer of undifferentiated myoepithelial progenitor cells (cap cells), and a multilayered inner core of luminal epithelial cells (body) fated to form the walls of the ductal lumen; both layers have high rates of mitosis, consistent with a motile organ dedicated to ductal morphogenesis; TEBs proliferate, ramify, and actively invade the fad pad to allow the formation of a complex branching structure; this process of branching morphogenesis concludes at about 10-12 weeks of age in mouse, when TEBs have traversed the length of the fat pad and a fully developed ductal tree has formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013783 absent mammary duct terminal end bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031174 decreased mammary duct terminal end bud number failure to develop or maintain the unique club-shaped epithelial structure normally formed at the tip of the mammary duct at the onset of puberty (approximately 3 weeks of age in mouse) under the action of circulating hormones; normally, TEBs proliferate, ramify, and actively invade the fad pad to allow the formation of a complex branching structure; this process of branching morphogenesis concludes at about 10-12 weeks of age in mouse, when TEBs have traversed the length of the fat pad and a fully developed ductal tree has formed; absence of TEBs is often associated with reduced ductal outgrowth and impaired branching morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013784 abnormal mammary gland bud elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004135 abnormal mammary gland embryonic development any anomaly in the process in which a mammary bud grows along its axis; in mouse embryos, the distal end of the mammary bud begins to elongate into the underlying dermal mesenchyme to form a mammary cord (sprout) by E15.5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013785 abnormal mammary gland bud morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004135 abnormal mammary gland embryonic development any structural anomaly of the morphologically distinct bulb of epithelial cells formed once each mammary placode expands and invaginates into the underlying mesenchyme; in mouse embryos at E12.5, each epithelial bud with its contiguous mesenchyme is elevated above the surrounding ectoderm as a knob or dome; at E13.5, the buds sink into the underlying dermal mesenchyme, and by E14.5 they can no longer be detected externally; in female mouse embryos, five pairs of anlagen or buds are formed along the mammary line between E12.5 and E14.5 by proliferation of basal epidermal cells; while further mammary development is temporarily arrested in females, androgen receptor activation in male embryos causes degeneration of the buds between E13.5 and E15.5; in female mice, further development is resumed at around E15.5 when each bud elongates to form a mammary cord (sprout), invading the underlying fat pad precursor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013786 abnormal mammary gland bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004135 abnormal mammary gland embryonic development any anomaly in the morphogenetic process in which a distinct bulb of epithelial cells forms from a mammary placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013787 photophobia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011275 abnormal behavioral response to light abnormal aversion or avoidance behavior in response to light; photophobia is symptom of abnormal intolerance to visual perception of light; as a medical symptom, photophobia is not a morbid fear or phobia, but an experience of discomfort or pain to the eyes due to light exposure or by presence of actual physical sensitivity of the eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013788 external nares atresia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002235 abnormal external nares morphology congenital blockage, fusion, or absence of the normal anterior openings to the nasal cavity; the naris may be closed by membrane, cartilage or, rarely, bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013789 small external nares http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002235 abnormal external nares morphology decreased size of the anterior openings to the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013790 single external naris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002235 abnormal external nares morphology presence of only one anterior opening to the nasal cavity as opposed to the normal two; usually associated with midline facial defects arising from cleavage anomalies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013791 absent external nares http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002235 abnormal external nares morphology absence or failure to form both of the anterior openings to the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013792 abnormal small intestine goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the small intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013793 abnormal large intestine goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004842 abnormal large intestine crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the large intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013794 abnormal intestinal villus goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013792 abnormal small intestine goblet cell morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the villi of the small intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013795 abnormal colon goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013793 abnormal large intestine goblet cell morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the colon, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013796 abnormal duodenal goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013794 abnormal intestinal villus goblet cell morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the duodenum of the small intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013797 abnormal ileal goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013794 abnormal intestinal villus goblet cell morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the ileum of the small intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013798 abnormal jeujunal goblet cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013794 abnormal intestinal villus goblet cell morphology any structural anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the jejunum of the small intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013799 abnormal intestinal goblet cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014201 abnormal intestinal epithelium physiology any functional anomaly of the glandular simple columnar epithelial cell found in the mucosal lining of the small and large intestine, whose primary function is to secrete gel-forming mucins, the major components of mucus; intestinal goblet cells produce a number of effector molecules including a range of mucins and antimicrobial proteins, such as trefoil factors and resistin-like molecules, which enable these to play a key part in innate defense mechanisms in the gut, against both bacterial and parasitic infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013800 abnormal pericardial fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the cardiac tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013801 abnormal subscapular fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the encapsulated adipose tissue located beneath the scapulae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013802 abnormal IgG2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020174 abnormal IgG level deviation from the normal levels of the total immunoglobulin class G2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013805 myeloid metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001601 abnormal myelopoiesis a progressive disease of the bone marrow where neoplastic bone marrow stem cells lodge and grow at sites outside the bone marrow, and the marrow is replaced by fibrous (scar) tissue; may lead to anemia, enlarged spleen, the presence of nucleated red blood cells and immature granulocytes in the blood, and the occurrence of extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen and liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013806 encephalopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any diffuse disorder of the brain that alters brain function or structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013807 generalized edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema generalized abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, or in one or more cavities of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013809 absent pectinate muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010496 abnormal pectinate muscle morphology absence of the prominent ridges of atrial myocardium located on the inner surface of most of the right atrium and both the right and left auricular regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013810 absent brachiocephalic trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010663 abnormal brachiocephalic trunk morphology absence of the short first aortic arch branch which divides into the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013811 abnormal orbital vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the highly complex and variable set of veins that drain blood from the eye and supporting tissue, including the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins, the middle and medial ophthalmic veins, four collateral veins), variable orbital venous networks, and variable venous tributaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013812 enlarged orbital veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013811 abnormal orbital vein morphology increased size of the highly complex and variable set of veins that drain blood from the eye and supporting tissue, including the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins, the middle and medial ophthalmic veins, four collateral veins), variable orbital venous networks, and variable venous tributaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013813 dilated hepatic portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010668 abnormal hepatic portal vein morphology an expansion in the lumen volume of the wide short vein formed from the confluence of the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric and splenic veins, which then divides into the right and left branches which ramify with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013814 abnormal hepatic portal vein connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010668 abnormal hepatic portal vein morphology any anomaly of the connection site of the right or left branch of the hepatic portal vein to the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013815 abnormal digastric muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030240 abnormal suprahyoid muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the small suprahyoid muscle located below the body of the mandible, and extending, in a curved form, from the mastoid notch to the symphysis menti; it consists of two muscular bellies, an anterior and a posterior belly, united by an intermediate rounded tendon attaching to the hyoid bone through a fibrous loop; the two bellies have different embryological origins and are supplied by different cranial nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013816 absent digastric muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013815 abnormal digastric muscle morphology absence of the small suprahyoid muscle located below the body of the mandible, and extending, in a curved form, from the mastoid notch to the symphysis menti; it consists of an anterior and a posterior belly, united by an intermediate rounded tendon attaching to the hyoid bone through a fibrous loop http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013817 absent nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002237 abnormal nasal cavity morphology absence of the cavity of the respiratory tract that extends from the nares to the pharynx; the nasal cavity is lined with ciliated mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013818 abnormal oral cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology any structural anomaly of the anatomical cavity at the start of the digestive tract that is enclosed by the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013819 abnormal acromioclavicular joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030820 abnormal pectoral girdle joint morphology any structural anomaly of any joint connecting the acromonion of the scapula and clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013820 absent optic cup http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004269 abnormal optic cup morphology absence of the double walled structure formed by expansion and invagination of the distal end of the optic vesicle that develops into the pigmented and neuronal layers of the retina, with the mouth of the optic cup developing into the pupil of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013821 abnormal cerebral artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of any of three main pairs of arteries and their branches, which irrigate the cerebrum of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013822 abnormal anterior cerebral artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013821 abnormal cerebral artery morphology any structural anomaly of a pair of arteries on the brain that supply oxygen to most medial portions of frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes; the anterior cerebral arteries arise from the internal carotid artery and are part of the Circle of Willis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013823 absent segment of anterior cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013822 abnormal anterior cerebral artery morphology absence of a portion of a pair of arteries on the brain that supply oxygen to most medial portions of frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013824 abnormal hypoglossal canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the bony canal in the occipital bone through which the hypoglossal nerve emerges from the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013825 small hypoglossal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013824 abnormal hypoglossal canal morphology reduced size of the bony canal in the occipital bone through which the hypoglossal nerve emerges from the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013826 absent hypoglossal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013824 abnormal hypoglossal canal morphology absence of the bony canal in the occipital bone through which the hypoglossal nerve emerges from the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013827 thin oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001061 abnormal oculomotor nerve morphology slender appearance of the third cranial nerve, which normally sends motor fibers to the levator muscles of the eyelid and to the superior rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013828 thin facial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001071 abnormal facial nerve morphology a slender apperance of the sensory and motor nerve that supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013829 thin splanchnic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008318 abnormal splanchnic nerve morphology slender appearance of the major nerves supplying sympathetic innervation to the abdomen, including the greater, lesser, and lowest (or smallest) splanchnic nerves that are formed by preganglionic fibers from the spinal cord, which pass through the paravertebral ganglia and then to the celiac ganglia and plexuses, and the lumbar splanchnic nerves carry fibers which pass through the lumbar paravertebral ganglia to the mesenteric and hypogastric ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013830 abnormal intrathoracic topology of vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013837 abnormal vagus nerve topology abnormal position of the vagus nerve in the intrathoracic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013831 vagus nerve compression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001074 abnormal vagus nerve morphology a flattened or pressed appearance of the vagus nerve as if by applied pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013832 thin vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001074 abnormal vagus nerve morphology slender appearance of the autonomic, sensory and motor axons of the tenth cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013833 absent olfactory nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005236 abnormal olfactory nerve morphology absence of the first cranial nerve, which conveys the sense of smell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013834 thin hypoglossal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001076 abnormal hypoglossal nerve morphology slender appearance of the motor nerve which innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013835 absent hypoglossal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001076 abnormal hypoglossal nerve morphology absence of the motor nerve which innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013836 abnormal hypoglossal nerve topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001076 abnormal hypoglossal nerve morphology abnormal position of the hypoglossal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013837 abnormal vagus nerve topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001074 abnormal vagus nerve morphology abnormal position of the vagus nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013838 small caudate nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004078 abnormal caudate nucleus morphology decreased size of one or both C-shaped structures that border the lateral ventricle and contain input neurons involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013839 abnormal posterior cerebral artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013821 abnormal cerebral artery morphology any structural anomaly of one of a pair of blood vessels that supplies oxygenated blood to the posterior aspect of the brain; it arises near the intersection of the posterior communicating artery and the basilar artery and connects with the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) and internal carotid artery via the posterior communicating artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013840 absent segment of posterior cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013839 abnormal posterior cerebral artery morphology absence of a portion of one of a pair of blood vessels that supplies oxygenated blood to the posterior aspect of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013841 abnormal lymphatic vessel topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology abnormal position of any component of the network of vessels that carries lymph around the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013842 ductus venosus stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031477 vein stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the lumen of the embryonic connection between the portal vein and inferior vena cava formed by the left umbilical vein that allows oxygenated blood to bypass the developing liver during the time when this connection is normally open; this normally closes during develpment to adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013843 hepatic portal vein stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031477 vein stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of the lumen of the hepatic portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013844 abnormal perichondrial ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006322 abnormal perichondrium morphology formation of bone in the perichondrium, which is normally cartilaginous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013845 abnormal eye muscle topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003686 abnormal eye muscle morphology abnormal position of eye muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013846 retropharyngeal edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema accumulation of watery or serous fluid in the retropharyngeal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013847 retropleural edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema accumulation of watery or serous fluid in the retropleural space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013848 subcutaneous edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003705 abnormal hypodermis morphology accumulation of watery or serous fluid in the subcutaneous region below the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013849 absent abducens nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001070 abnormal abducens nerve morphology absence of the sixth cranial nerve, which originates in the abducens nucleus of the pons and sends motor fibers to the lateral rectus muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013850 absent posterior commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010893 abnormal posterior commissure morphology absence of the band of nerve fiber tracts that span the longitudinal fissure beneath the habenula of the pineal body and over the cerebral aqueduct, interconnecting the left and right pretectal regions and some midbrain nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013851 abnormal Wolffian duct topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003827 abnormal Wolffian duct morphology aberrant postition of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and later develop into the ductus deferens in the male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013852 abnormal Mullerian duct topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003826 abnormal Mullerian duct morphology aberrant position of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) that empty into the cloaca and in the female develop into the oviducts, uterus, and vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013853 abnormal hepatic portal vein formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010668 abnormal hepatic portal vein morphology aberrant formation of the wide short vein formed from the confluence of the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric and splenic veins, and then divides into the right and left branches which ramify with the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013854 abnormal celiac artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the short, thick trunk which arises from the front of the abdominal aorta immediately below the aortic opening in the diaphragm; it lies below the liver and on the upper border of the pancreas and branches into the left gastric, hepatic, and splenic arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013855 absent celiac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013854 abnormal celiac artery morphology absence of the short, thick trunk which arises from the front of the abdominal aorta immediately below the aortic opening in the diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013856 celiac artery compression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013854 abnormal celiac artery morphology increased pressure exerted on the celiac artery by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013857 abnormal abdominal muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of a muscle that is part of the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013858 abnormal azygos vein topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011569 abnormal azygos vein morphology abnormal position(s) of the unpaired vein which in humans arises from the right ascending lumbar vein or the vena cava, enters the thorax through the aortic orifice in the diaphragm, and terminates in the superior vena cava; unlike humans, mice have a single and left-sided azygos vein that develops from the paired embryonic cardinal venous system and drains most of the right and left thoracic walls into the left anterior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013859 abnormal vitelline vein connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010666 abnormal vitelline vein morphology aberrant or missing attachment of the paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013860 anastomosis between common carotid and vertebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012729 abnormal common carotid artery morphology abnormal communication between the common carotid and the vertebral artery by means of collateral channels, often occurring when the common carotid or the vertebral artery are obstructed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013861 abnormal pancreas topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology abnormal postion of the organ that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and secretes glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013862 abnormal cecum position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003284 abnormal large intestine placement abnormal placement of the large sac normally located at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013863 abnormal paraumbilical vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of one or more of small superficial veins that run from the umbilicus along the round ligament of the liver and terminate as accessory portal veins in the liver; these are susceptible to varicosity during portal hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013864 enlarged paraumbilical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013863 abnormal paraumbilical vein morphology increased size of one or more of small superficial veins that run from the umbilicus along the round ligament of the liver and terminate as accessory portal veins in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013865 abnormal dorsal pancreas topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013866 abnormal dorsal pancreas morphology aberrant location or orientation of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the ventral pancreas during development to form a single organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013866 abnormal dorsal pancreas morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003934 abnormal pancreas development any structural anomaly of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the ventral pancreas during development to form a single organ; the dorsal pancreatic bud gives rise to the body, tail, and isthmus of the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013867 abnormal ventral pancreas morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003934 abnormal pancreas development any structural anomaly of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the dorsal pancreas during development to form a single organ; the ventral pancreatic bud gives rise to the pancreatic head and uncinate process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013868 abnormal ventral pancreas topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013867 abnormal ventral pancreas morphology abnormal location or orientation of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the dorsal pancreas during development to form a single organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013869 vascular diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001614 abnormal blood vessel morphology a pouch or sac opening from the lumen of a vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013871 abnormal stapedial artery topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004665 abnormal stapedial artery morphology abnormal location or orientation of the small artery that passes through the ring of the stapes; while the stapedial artery is a temporary artery thought to disappear at late embryonic stage in humans, the mouse stapedial artery is complete by E13 and persists into adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013872 abnormal jugular vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of any of the veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013874 abnormal ductus venosus topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013873 abnormal ductus venosus morphology aberrant position or orientation of the embryonic connection between the portal vein and inferior vena cava formed by the left umbilical vein that allows oxygenated blood to bypass the developing liver during the time when this connection is normally open; this normally closes during develpment to adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013875 increased trigeminal neuroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a tumor derived from cells of the trigeminal nerve occurring in a specific population in a given time period; trigeminal neuromas are rare tumors that may involve any part of the nerve complex, including peripheral divisions of the nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013876 absent ductus venosus valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013877 abnormal ductus venosus valve morphology absence of the valve present on the right side of the ductus venosus at the site of the junction with the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013877 abnormal ductus venosus valve morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013873 abnormal ductus venosus morphology any structural anomaly of the valve present on the right side of the ductus venosus at the site of the junction with the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013878 abnormal ductus venosus valve topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013877 abnormal ductus venosus valve morphology abnormal position of the valve present on the right side of the ductus venosus at the site of the junction with the inferior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013879 duplication of ductus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013873 abnormal ductus venosus morphology duplication of the embryonic connection between the portal vein and inferior vena cava formed by the left umbilical vein that allows oxygenated blood to bypass the developing liver during the time when this connection is normally open; this normally closes during develpment to adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013880 absent ductus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013873 abnormal ductus venosus morphology absence of the embryonic connection between the portal vein and inferior vena cava formed by the left umbilical vein that allows oxygenated blood to bypass the developing liver during the time when this connection is normally open; this normally closes during development to adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013881 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013518 abnormal CD4-positive NK T cell number anomaly in the number of CD4-positive NK T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013882 decreased CD4-positive, CD25-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013881 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive NK T cell number reduction in the number of CD4-positive NK T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013883 increased CD4-positive, CD25-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013881 abnormal CD4-positive, CD25-positive NK T cell number increase in the number of CD4-positive NK T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013884 abnormal CD4-negative, CD25-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013509 abnormal CD4-negative NK T cell number anomaly in the number of CD4-negative NK T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013885 decreased CD4-negative, CD25-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013884 abnormal CD4-negative, CD25-positive NK T cell number reduction in the number of CD4-negative NK T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013886 increased CD4-negative, CD25-positive NK T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013884 abnormal CD4-negative, CD25-positive NK T cell number increase in the number of CD4-negative NK T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013888 abnormal CD8-positive, CD25-positive alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008077 abnormal CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell number anomaly in the number of CD8-positive alpha-beta T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013889 decreased CD8-positive, CD25-positive alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013888 abnormal CD8-positive, CD25-positive alpha-beta T cell number reduction in the number of CD8-positive alpha-beta T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013890 increased CD8-positive, CD25-positive alpha-beta T cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013888 abnormal CD8-positive, CD25-positive alpha-beta T cell number increase in the number of CD8-positive alpha-beta T cells expressing the activation marker CD25 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013891 increased common myeloid progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006410 abnormal common myeloid progenitor cell morphology increased number of progenitor cells committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013892 increased common lymphocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008249 abnormal common lymphocyte progenitor cell morphology increased number of a progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013893 decreased common lymphocyte progenitor cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008249 abnormal common lymphocyte progenitor cell morphology reduced number of a progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013894 abnormal behavioral response to amphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance anomaly in the behavioral response induced by amphetamine such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013896 abnormal eyelid cilium number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013895 abnormal eyelid cilium morphology anomaly in the number of the hairs that grow at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013897 decreased eyelid cilium number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013896 abnormal eyelid cilium number reduction in the number of the hairs that grow at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013898 short eyelid cilia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013895 abnormal eyelid cilium morphology decreased length of any of the hairs that grow at the edge of the upper or lower eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013899 abnormal seminal vesicle epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology any structural anomaly of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium that lines the seminal vesicles and consists of tall, non-ciliated columnar cells and short, rounded basal cells that rest on the basal lamina; polarized columnar cells show features typical of secretory epithelium, including a well-developed Golgi complex, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, numerous mitochondria, and apical secretory vesicles; basal cells are the stem cells from which the columnar cells are derived http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013900 seminal vesicle epithelium degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013899 abnormal seminal vesicle epithelium morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium that lines the seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013901 absent female preputial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011834 abnormal female preputial gland morphology absence of the paired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located on the side of the clitoris in female rodents; in contrast to the preputial glands in male rodents, clitoral glands are a minor source of olfactory stimuli contributing to sexual attractivity; unlike other sebaceous glands, they undergo progressive atrophy of the glandular portion with marked ductal ectasia as rodents age; there is no true anatomical equivalent in humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013902 abnormal seminal vesicle physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003698 abnormal male reproductive system physiology any functional anomaly of the sac-like glandular structures situated posterolateral to the urinary bladder in the male and functioning as part of the reproductive system; seminal vesicles secrete a whitish yellow alkaline fluid that constitutes 60-70 percent of the ejaculate in humans; seminal vesicle fluid secretion is androgen-dependent, fructose-rich, and important for semen coagulation, sperm motility, and stability of sperm chromatin and suppression of the immune activity in the female reproductive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013903 abnormal seminal vesicle fluid composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013902 abnormal seminal vesicle physiology any alteration in the expected chemical makeup or appearance of the whitish yellow alkaline fluid secreted by the seminal vesicles that constitutes 60-70 percent of the ejaculate in humans; the secretory product of the columnar epithelial cell, which may be seen in the lumen of seminal vesicles, is strongly acidophilic; it contains large amounts of fructose (used by spermatozoa as an energy source for motility) in addition to water, K+ ions, phosphorylcholine, prostaglandins, flavins, citrate, ascorbic acid, and several amino acids and enzymes; seminal vesicle fluid is responsible for coagulation of the ejaculate, can alter sperm motility and capacitation, and acts as an immunosuppressant in the female reproductive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013904 abnormal seminal vesicle muscle layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002059 abnormal seminal vesicle morphology any structural anomaly of the thick muscular layer of the seminal vesicle consisting of an inner circular and outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscle which contracts during the emission phase of ejaculation to expel seminal vesicle fluid into the prostatic urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013905 preputial gland inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005647 abnormal sex gland physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in any of the paired, lobulated, modified sebaceous glands located in the inguinal region adjacent to the penis and vagina, with pheromonal functions in male rodents; in males, the preputial gland empties into the preputial cavity and in females, the preputial (aka clitoral) gland duct empties into the clitoral fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013906 absent embryonic telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000934 abnormal telencephalon development absence of the paired diverticula of the embryonic telencephalon, from which the forebrain develops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013907 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021024 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid physiology any anomaly in the dynamic process by which CSF circulates from the sites of secretion to the sites of absorption according to a unidirectional rostrocaudal flow in ventricular cavities and a multidirectional flow in subarachnoid spaces; CSF produced by the choroid plexuses in the lateral ventricles travels through interventricular foramina to the third ventricle, and then the fourth ventricle via the cerebral aqueduct and finally to the subarachnoid spaces via the median aperture (foramen of Magendie) of the fourth ventricle; in the cranial subarachnoid space, CSF circulates rostrally to the villous sites of absorption or caudally to the spinal subarachnoid space; CSF circulation through the ventricular system is driven by motile cilia on ependymal cells of the brain; CSF flow is pulsatile, corresponding to the systolic pulse wave in choroidal arteries; additional factors such as respiratory waves, the subject's posture, jugular venous pressure and physical effort also modulate CSF flow dynamics and pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013908 small lateral ventricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013227 small brain ventricles decreased size of the cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube; they are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013909 small third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013227 small brain ventricles decreased size of the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami; its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma; it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013910 small fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013227 small brain ventricles decreased size of the irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind; it is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013911 fused vestibular saccule and utricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006089 abnormal vestibular saccule morphology union of the saccule and utricle of the inner ear vestibule into one structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013913 absent costovertebral joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008149 abnormal costovertebral joint morphology one or more ribs are not connected to vertebra, where this connection is normally made http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013914 absent intracranial segment of vertebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011513 abnormal vertebral artery morphology absence of a segment of a vertebral artery when the absent segment would normally be located inside the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013915 abnormal brachial plexus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002752 abnormal somatic nervous system morphology abnormal formation of the arrangement of nerve fibers, running from the spine, formed by the ventral rami of the lower cervical and upper thoracic nerve root, specifically from below the fifth cervical vertebra to above the first thoracic vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013916 decreased intestine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology reduced length of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus, consisting of the small and large intestine divisions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013917 persistent right 6th pharyngeal arch artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006355 abnormal sixth pharyngeal arch artery morphology failure of right 6th pharyngeal arch artery regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013918 abnormal endolymphatic sac topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006011 abnormal endolymphatic duct morphology abnormal position of the dilated blind extremity of the endolymphatic duct, which lies external to the dura on the posterior aspect of the petrous part of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013919 abnormal response to electrical stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012079 abnormal spinal reflex ny deviation from the expected reflex action normally induced by an electrical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013920 hyperresponsive to electrical stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013919 abnormal response to electrical stimuli lower threshold to exhibit an expected reflex action normally induced by an electrical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013921 hyporesponsive to electrical stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013919 abnormal response to electrical stimuli higher threshold to exhibit an expected reflex action normally induced by an electrical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013922 unresponsive to electrical stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013919 abnormal response to electrical stimuli inability to exhibit an expected reflex action normally induced by an electrical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013923 small prevertebral sympathetic ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008316 abnormal prevertebral ganglion morphology decreased size of the sympathetic ganglia located in front of the vertebral column and are associated with the major branches of the abdominal aorta; these include the celiac, aorticorenal, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013924 abnormal dural venous sinus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of the endothelium-lined venous channels in the dura mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013925 abnormal vascular plexus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development any anomaly in the development of a vascular network formed by frequent anastomoses between the blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013926 absent neurohypophysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004164 abnormal neurohypophysis morphology absence of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013927 abnormal facial nerve topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001071 abnormal facial nerve morphology abnormal position of the sensory and motor nerve that supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013928 thin motoric part of trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001065 abnormal trigeminal nerve morphology slender appearance of the portion of the trigeminal nerve containing motor fibers, motor fibers are only found in the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve and derive from the basal plate of the embryonic pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013929 absent eye muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003686 abnormal eye muscle morphology absence of the muscles of the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013930 abnormal digastric muscle connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013815 abnormal digastric muscle morphology any anomaly in the attachment of the digastric muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013931 abnormal olfactory bulb position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000819 abnormal olfactory bulb morphology anomaly in the location or orientation of the olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013932 fragmented Meckel's cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005587 abnormal Meckel's cartilage morphology the Meckel's carilage is broken into separate pieces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013933 short Meckel's cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030026 small Meckel's cartilage length reduction or truncation of the cartilage bar in the mandibular arch that forms a temporary supporting structure in the embryonic mandible and gives rise to middle ear bones and sphenomandibular and anterior malleolar ligaments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013934 supratentorial ventricles enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011380 enlarged brain ventricles increase in size of the ventricles located above the tentorium cerebelli in the cerebrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013935 basal brain tissue herniation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002152 abnormal brain morphology protrusion of the tissue from the base of the brain through rigid dural folds or the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013936 abnormal thymus topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology abnormal position of the primary lymphoid organ that is required for maturation of T cells and secretion of thymosins, hormones that stimulate the development of antibodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013937 absent lobe of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000681 abnormal thyroid gland morphology absence of one or more of the conical shaped sections of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013938 abnormal esophagus topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology abnormal position of the part of the digestive canal through which food passes from the pharynx to the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013939 abnormal plasmablast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008171 abnormal mature B cell morphology any structural anomaly of an activated mature (naive or memory) B cell that is secreting immunoglobulin, typified by being CD27-positive, CD38-positive, CD138-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013940 abnormal plasmablast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013939 abnormal plasmablast morphology anomaly in the number of an activated mature (naive or memory) B cell that is secreting immunoglobulin, typified by being CD27-positive, CD38-positive, CD138-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013941 abnormal enthesis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue between tendon and bone insertion sites; the area which acts to transmit tensile load from soft tissues to bone; they may be of the dense fibrous connective tissue or fibrocartilage type; fibrous entheses attach directly to bone or periosteum primarily via fibrous tissue, and fibrocartilaginous entheses attach to bone through a transitional layer of fibrocartilage from the fibrous tendon tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013942 enthesitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response inflammation of the entheses, the sites where tendons or ligaments insert into the bone; the entheses are any point of attachment of skeletal muscles to the bone, where recurring stress or inflammatory autoimmune disease can cause inflammation or occasionally fibrosis and calcification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013943 abnormal ureter topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000534 abnormal ureter morphology abnormal position of the tube that conducts the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013944 persistent cloacal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011837 abnormal cloacal membrane morphology failure of the cloacal membrane proper to rupture and regress during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013945 abnormal elbow joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the joint that connects the forelimb zeugopod and stylopod skeletons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013946 abnormal perirectal tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000492 abnormal rectum morphology any structural anomaly of the tissue(s) surrounding the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013947 abnormal paraaortic body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001034 abnormal parasympathetic ganglion morphology any structural anomaly of the chromaffin paraganglion located at the bifurcation of the aorta or at the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013949 fusion of axis and occipital bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004608 abnormal cervical axis morphology union of elements of the second cervical vertebra (axis, C2) and the bone at the lower, posterior part of the skull into one structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013950 abnormal dorsal root ganglion topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000961 abnormal dorsal root ganglion morphology abnormal position of the dorsal root ganglion in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013951 abnormal descending aorta topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009869 abnormal descending aorta morphology abnormal position of the descending aorta in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013952 retroesophageal left subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010488 abnormal left subclavian artery morphology the left subclavian artery arises from the descending portion of the aortic arch, crossing over to the left upper extremity behind the esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013953 left sided brachiocephalic trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010663 abnormal brachiocephalic trunk morphology the brachiocephalic trunk arises on the left side of the body, often seen in conjunction with right aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013954 increased intestine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology increased length of the digestive tube passing from the stomach to the anus, consisting of the small and large intestine divisions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013955 increased colon length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013959 increased large intestine length increased length of the portion of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013956 decreased colon length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013960 decreased large intestine length reduced length of the portion of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013957 increased small intestine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020999 abnormal small intestine length increased length of the portion of the digestive tube between the stomach and the cecum, consisting of the duodenum, ileum and jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013958 decreased small intestine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020999 abnormal small intestine length reduced length of the portion of the digestive tube between the stomach and the cecum, consisting of the duodenum, ileum and jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013959 increased large intestine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013954 increased intestine length increased length of the portion of the digestive tube extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, consisting of the cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013960 decreased large intestine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013916 decreased intestine length reduced length of the portion of the digestive tube extending from the ileocecal valve to the anus, consisting of the cecum, colon, rectum and anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013961 abnormal Hensen stripe morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003169 abnormal scala media morphology any structural anomaly of the dark, nonstriated, V-shaped band (ridge) found on the underside of the tectorial membrane (TM) in the basal region of the cochlea, from which fine gelatinous trabeculae extend to fix the TM to the border cells, i.e. cells directly adjacent to the inner phalangeal cells; Hensen's stripe is continuous with a more external homogeneous basal layer, from which a marginal band of an amorphous substance originates; the marginal net extends from the marginal band and attaches the lateral border of the TM to Hensen's cells of the organ of Corti. Hensen's stripe and the homogeneous basal layers display interruptions through which the fibrillar structure of the TM is visible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013962 absent Hensen stripe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013961 abnormal Hensen stripe morphology absence of the dark, nonstriated, V-shaped band (ridge) that is normally found on the underside of the tectorial membrane (TM) in the basal region of the cochlea, from which fine gelatinous trabeculae extend to fix the TM to the border cells, i.e. cells directly adjacent to the inner phalangeal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013963 jugular vein stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031477 vein stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of any of the veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013964 absent tongue muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004136 abnormal tongue muscle morphology absence of any or all of the extrinsinc or intrinsic muscles of the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013965 abnormally deep median sulcus of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031451 abnormal median sulcus of tongue morphology increased depth of the median groove that extends from the tip of the tongue to the foramen cecum and divides the dorsum of the tongue into right and left halves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013966 abnormal infrahyoid muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002253 abnormal pharyngeal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the four paired muscles located in the anterior neck below the hyoid bone, within the muscular triangle; these muscles are long and flat in shape, similar to a belt or strap, and are responsible for depressing the hyoid during swallowing; they either originate from or insert on to the hyoid bone and include the sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid and omohyoid muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013967 abnormal infrahyoid muscle connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013966 abnormal infrahyoid muscle morphology any anomaly in the attachment of the infrahyoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013968 multiple persisting craniopharyngeal ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003817 abnormal pituitary diverticulum morphology presence of multiple openings in midline sphenoid body from the sellar floor to the nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013969 reduced sympathetic cervical ganglion size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008317 abnormal paravertebral ganglion morphology decreased size of one or more of the 3 paravertebral sympathetic ganglia, the superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia that provide sympathetic innervation to the smooth muscle, glands, and mucosa of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013970 absent connection between subcutaneous lymph vessels and lymph sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001879 abnormal lymphatic vessel morphology absence of the attachment or communication between the subcutaneous lymph vessels and lymph sacs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013971 blood in lymph vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010368 abnormal lymphatic system physiology abnormal presence of constituents of blood not normally found in lymph vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013972 occipital vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology rare anatomical variants resulting from incomplete or aberrant fusion of occipital bone ossification centers; most common occipital vertebrae variations include third condyle (condylus tertius), basilar process, paracondylar process and prebasioccipital arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013973 abnormal hepatic vein connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010439 abnormal hepatic vein morphology any anomaly in the attachment of the hepatic vein to other vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013974 abnormal coronary vein connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010453 abnormal coronary vein morphology any anomaly in the attachment of the coronary vein to other vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013975 abnormal coronary sinus connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010436 abnormal coronary sinus morphology any anomaly in the attachment of the coronary sinus to the cardiac veins or heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013976 abnormal left vena cava superior connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006064 abnormal superior vena cava morphology any anomaly in the connection formed by the left common cardinal vein and the left superior cardinal vein; this connection usually regresses during development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013977 symmetric azygos veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011569 abnormal azygos vein morphology presence of a pair of similar caliber azygos veins on the left and right sides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013978 abnormal carotid artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004181 abnormal carotid artery morphology any anomaly in the location from which the carotid artery arises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013979 abnormal subclavian artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003395 abnormal subclavian artery morphology any anomaly in the location from which the subclavian artery arises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013980 abnormal pulmonary artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000484 abnormal pulmonary artery morphology any anomaly in the location from which the pulmonary artery arises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013981 double lumen aortic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004113 abnormal aortic arch morphology interuption of the 4th aortic arch and persistence of the 5th arch resulting in the presence of two lumens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013982 inverse situs of great intrathoracic arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology anomaly in the asymmetry of the large arteries of the thoracic region (aorta, pulmonary arteries, common carotid arteries, subclavian arteries) such that these structures on both the left and right side have the morphology normally seen on the opposite side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013983 abnormal superior mesenteric vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002725 abnormal vein morphology any structural anomaly of the blood vessel that drains blood from the small intestine, it combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013985 abnormal umbilical vein topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010667 abnormal umbilical vein morphology abnormal position of the umbilical vein in relationship to other umbilical cord structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013986 abnormal vitelline vein topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010666 abnormal vitelline vein morphology abnormal position of the paired veins that carry blood from the yolk sac back to the embryo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013987 absent intrahepatic inferior vena cava segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006063 abnormal inferior vena cava morphology absence of the portion of the of inferior vena cava that connects to the hepatic veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013988 absent portal vein segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010668 abnormal hepatic portal vein morphology absence of part but not all of the portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013990 abnormal common iliac artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the two large arteries that originate from the aortic bifurcation of the abdomainal aorta; the right and left common iliac arteries run along each side of the body towards the edges of the pelvis, where they each split again into internal and external iliac arteries at the pelvic inlet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013991 abnormal common iliac artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013990 abnormal common iliac artery morphology any anomaly in the location from which the common iliac arteries arise; normally, these two large arteries originate from the aortic bifurcation of the abdomainal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013992 persistent dorsal ophthalmic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020489 abnormal ophthalmic artery morphology the artery originates from the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery and enters the orbit via the superior orbital fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013993 anastomosis between basilar artery and common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013186 abnormal basilar artery morphology any anomalous cross-connection between the basilar artery and the common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013994 abnormal parasellar internal carotid artery branch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012730 abnormal internal carotid artery morphology any structural anomaly of the branches of the segment of the internal carotid artery located in region in the brain next to the hollow in the skull bone that contains the pituitary gland running from the superomedial petrous apex to the proximal dural ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013995 abnormal external carotid artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012731 abnormal external carotid artery morphology any anomaly in the location from which the external carotid artery arises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013996 abnormal vertebral artery origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011513 abnormal vertebral artery morphology any anomaly in the location from which the vertebral artery arises; each vertebral artery usually arises from the supraposterior aspect of the first part of the subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013997 abnormal internal carotid artery topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012730 abnormal internal carotid artery morphology abnormal position of the terminal branch of the left or right common carotid artery which supplies oxygenated blood to the brain and eyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013998 absent canalicular internal carotid artery segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012730 abnormal internal carotid artery morphology absence of the segment of the internal carotid artery that passes through the carotid canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013999 absent parasellar internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012730 abnormal internal carotid artery morphology absence of the segment of the internal carotid artery located in region in the brain next to the hollow in the skull bone that contains the pituitary gland running from the superomedial petrous apex to the proximal dural ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014000 anastomosis between internal carotid artery and basilar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013186 abnormal basilar artery morphology any anomalous cross-connection between the basilar artery and the internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014001 abnormal vertebral artery topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011513 abnormal vertebral artery morphology abnormal position of the first branch of the left and right subclavian arteries that merge to form the single midline basilar artery; branches of the vertebral arteries supply the musculature of the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014002 absent extracranial vertebral artery segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011513 abnormal vertebral artery morphology absence of a segment of a vertebral artery when the absent segment would normally be located outside the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014003 additional anastomosis between intracranial vertebral arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011513 abnormal vertebral artery morphology greater than the expected number of connections between the segments of the vertebral arteries located within the skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014004 absent basilar artery segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013186 abnormal basilar artery morphology absence of a portion of the basilar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014005 abnormal posterior communicating artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of one or both of the pair of right-sided and left-sided blood vessels in the circle of Willis that connect the three cerebral arteries of the same side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014006 absent posterior communicating artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014005 abnormal posterior communicating artery morphology missing the pair of right-sided and left-sided blood vessels in the circle of Willis that connect the three cerebral arteries of the same side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014007 abnormal labyrinthine artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology any structural anomaly of the long slender branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (85%-100% cases) or basilar artery (<15% cases) that arises from near the middle of the artery; it accompanies the vestibulocochlear nerve through the internal acoustic meatus, and is distributed to the internal ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014008 absent labyrinthine artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014007 abnormal labyrinthine artery morphology missing the long slender branch of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (85%-100% cases) or basilar artery (<15% cases) that arises from near the middle of the artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014009 anastomosis between middle cerebral arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020487 abnormal middle cerebral artery morphology any anomalous cross-connection between the middle cerebral arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014010 abnormal peroxisome morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any structural anomaly of a small cytoplasmic organelle enclosed by a single membrane that contains peroxidases and other enzymes which are important for a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014011 abnormal ovary tissue architecture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001126 abnormal ovary morphology any anomaly in the texture of the ovarian tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014013 abnormal cerebellar artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004950 abnormal brain vasculature morphology any structural artery of an artery that supplies blood to the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014014 abnormal anterior inferior cerebellar artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014013 abnormal cerebellar artery morphology any structural anomaly of a basilar artery branch that supplies the anterior portion of the inferior surface of the cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014015 abnormal superior cerebellar artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014013 abnormal cerebellar artery morphology any structural anomaly of the artery that arises near the termination of the basilar artery and passes lateralward immediately below the oculomotor nerve arriving at the upper surface of the cerebellum where it divides into branches which ramify in the pia mater and anastomose with those of the inferior cerebellar arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014016 abnormal circle of Willis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of the circle of arteries that supply blood to the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014017 abnormal Wolffian duct connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003827 abnormal Wolffian duct morphology aberrant attachment or incomplete connection of the transient embryonic drainage tubes of the embryonic kidney (mesonephric tubules) to the cloaca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014018 embryo tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002019 abnormal tumor incidence presence of an unspecified tumor or aberrant growth in a prenatal organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014019 embryo cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in any portion of embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014020 intramural bleeding in blood vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000249 abnormal blood vessel physiology leakage of blood through the innermost layer of the blood vessel and flowing between the inner and outer vessel walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014021 heterochrony http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005378 growth/size/body region phenotype a developmental change in the timing or rate of events resulting in changes in size or shape to a tissue or anatomical part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014022 abnormal duodenum topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003271 abnormal duodenum morphology abnormal position of the first division of the small intestine that extends from the pyloris to the junction with the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014024 increased subchondral bone mineral content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010123 increased bone mineral content increased amount (usually in grams/cm) of bone mineral divided by a bone-scanned area in the bone region of the epiphysis that provides underlying mechanical and physiological support for the cartilage of joint articular surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014025 decreased subchondral bone mineral content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010124 decreased bone mineral content decreased amount (usually in grams/cm) of bone mineral divided by a bone-scanned area in the bone region of the epiphysis that provides underlying mechanical and physiological support for the cartilage of joint articular surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014026 abnormal respiratory epithelial transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014200 abnormal respiratory epithelium physiology any anomaly in the directed movement of a substance from one side of the respiratory epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014027 abnormal respiratory epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014026 abnormal respiratory epithelial transmembrane transport any anomaly in the directed movement of a chloride from one side of the respiratory epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014028 decreased respiratory epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014027 abnormal respiratory epithelial chloride transmembrane transport decrease in the directed movement of a chloride from one side of the respiratory epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014029 increased respiratory epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014027 abnormal respiratory epithelial chloride transmembrane transport increase in the directed movement of a chloride from one side of the respiratory epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014030 abnormal mucous gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013559 abnormal exocrine gland physiology any functional anomaly of any exocrine gland in which the principal secretory cells are mucus-secreting cells; mucus is a slippery secretion with lubricating or protective function produced by, and covering, mucous membranes; mucous fluid is typically produced from cells found in mucous glands, but may also originate from mixed glands, which contain both serous and mucous cells; mucous cells secrete products that are rich in glycoproteins and water; mucus is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes (such as lysozyme), immunoglobulins, inorganic salts, proteins such as lactoferrin, and glycoproteins known as mucins that are produced by goblet cells in the mucous membranes and submucosal glands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014031 abnormal submucosal gland physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014030 abnormal mucous gland physiology any functional anomaly of the mucous-secreting glands located in the dense irregular connective tissue that lines organs and supports the mucosal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014033 abnormal submucosal gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014032 abnormal mucous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the mucous-secreting glands located in the dense irregular connective tissue that lines organs and supports the mucosal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014034 abnormal submucosal gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014031 abnormal submucosal gland physiology any anomaly in the secretion of mucous and other substances from a submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014035 decreased submucosal gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014034 abnormal submucosal gland secretion a reduction in the rate or amount of secretion of mucous and other substances from a submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014036 meconium ileus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003270 intestinal obstruction obstruction of the intestine due to abnormally thick meconium in the fetus and neonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014037 stranguria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001756 abnormal urination difficulty in micturition in which the urine is passed intermittently or drop by drop, and is associated with pain and tenesmus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014038 increased hepatocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000607 abnormal hepatocyte morphology greater than normal number of parenchymal liver cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014039 abnormal sheltering behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior deviation from the usual behavior of visiting a shelter or nest used for resting/sleeping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014041 increased cellular sensitivity to cisplatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014040 increased cellular sensitivity to DNA damaging agents greater incidence of cell death following exposure to cisplatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014043 decreased cellular sensitivity to cisplatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014042 decreased cellular sensitivity to DNA damaging agents reduced incidence of cell death following exposure to cisplatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014044 absent cardiac outflow tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006126 abnormal cardiac outflow tract development absence of or complete failure to form the common arterial trunk that normally forms the aorta and pulmonary artery and the ventricular outflow regions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014045 Mallory bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000607 abnormal hepatocyte morphology stereotypical manifestations of hepatocyte injury that present as cytoplasmic inclusion bodies consisting of intermediate filament components (e.g., modified cytokeratins, chaperones and protein degradation machinery) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014046 abnormal mitophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008260 abnormal autophagy any anomaly in the autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to the vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014047 abnormal gut-associated lymphoid tissue physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003762 abnormal immune organ physiology any functional anomaly of the regional immune system located in the gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014048 abnormal Peyer's patch physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014047 abnormal gut-associated lymphoid tissue physiology any functional anomaly of the protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the small intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014049 increased T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010336 increased acute lymphoblastic leukemia incidence an aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many T-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow and blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014050 increased B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010336 increased acute lymphoblastic leukemia incidence an aggressive (fast-growing) type of leukemia (blood cancer) in which too many B-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow and blood; it is the most common type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014051 abnormal maxillary-premaxillary suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030230 abnormal facial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the line of union of the two portions of the maxilla (pre- and postmaxilla) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014052 increased male germ cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008280 abnormal male germ cell apoptosis increase in the number of male germ cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014053 dry hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002074 abnormal hair texture hair characterized by the lack of natural or normal moisture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014054 abnormal sebocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005501 abnormal skin physiology any functional anomaly of the highly specialized, sebum-producing epithelial cells of the sebaceous glands that release their content by rupture of the cell membrane and cellular degradation (holocrine secretion); these cells are most commonly found in the skin in association with hair follicles (forming the pilosebaceous unit), where they arise from hair follicle keratinocytes, but there are also sebaceous glands not associated with a hair follicle; the latter have special functions as secretion of pheromones or corneal protection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014055 abnormal sebocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014054 abnormal sebocyte physiology any anomaly in the expansion rate of sebocytes by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014056 increased sebocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014055 abnormal sebocyte proliferation increase in the expansion rate of sebocytes by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014057 abnormal mammary gland stroma morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000627 abnormal mammary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the complex non-epithelial mammary gland tissue composed of fibrous connective tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and a wide variety of cell types, including inter- and intralobular fibroblasts, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and innate immune cells (both macrophages and mast cells); the mammary gland stroma is the support network for the epithelium, providing both nutrients and blood supply, and immune defenses, as well as physical structure to the gland; each of the different stromal cell types secrete instructive signals that are crucial for various aspects of the development and function of the epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014058 abnormal mammary gland stroma physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001881 abnormal mammary gland physiology any functional anomaly of the complex non-epithelial mammary gland tissue composed of fibrous connective tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and a wide variety of cell types, including inter- and intralobular fibroblasts, adipocytes, endothelial cells, and innate immune cells (both macrophages and mast cells); the mammary gland stroma is the support network for the epithelium, providing both nutrients and blood supply, and immune defenses, as well as physical structure to the gland; each of the different stromal cell types secrete instructive signals that are crucial for various aspects of the development and function of the epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014059 abnormal photoreceptor connecting cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013205 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the nonmotile primary cilium that has a 9+0 microtubule array and forms the portion of the axoneme traversing the boundary between the retinal photoreceptor inner and outer segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014060 abnormal platelet alpha-granule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004720 abnormal platelet morphology any structural anomaly of the most abundant secretory organelle found in blood platelets, and which store adhesive molecules such as von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen, growth factors and inflammatory and angiogenic mediators, which play crucial roles in inflammatory responses and tumor genesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014061 ethmocephaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005157 holoprosencephaly the rarest form of holoprosencephaly, which occurs due to an incomplete cleavage of the forebrain; ethmocephaly presents with a proboscis situated above hypoteloric orbits in the midline, microphthalmos, absent nasal structures (arrhinia) and lowset malformed ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014063 Lafora bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies abnormal presence of insoluble periodic acid-Schiff-positive deposits that contain polyglucosan, a poorly branched form of glycogen, seen in familial myoclonic epilepsy; Lafora bodies develop in many tissues, including muscle, liver, and neurons, but it is generally believed that Lafora body accumulation ultimately leads to neuronal cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014064 argyrophilic inclusion bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies presence of abundant argyrophilic grains and coiled bodies on microscopic examination of brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014065 Lewy bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic neuronal inclusions seen especially in pigmented brainstem neurons and in the cortex; brainstem Lewy bodies consist of a dense core surrounded by a halo of 10-nm-wide radiating fibrils, the primary structural component of which is alpha-synuclein; cortical Lewy bodies are also composed of alpha-synuclein fibrils, but are less defined and lack halos; Lewy bodies are seen in Parkinson disease, Lewy body dementia and other forms of dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014066 Rosenthal fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies thick, elongated, worm-like or corkscrew eosinophilic bundle that are found on H&E staining of the brain in the presence of long standing gliosis, occasional tumors, and some metabolic disorders http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014067 Hirano bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014062 nervous system inclusion bodies eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions which have a highly characteristic crystalloid fine structure; these inclusions occur predominantly in the neuronal processes of the CA1 area in Ammon's horn but have been noted in other areas of the nervous system; these bodies contain epitopes of actin, actin-associated proteins, tau, middle molecular weight neurofilaments subunit and a C-terminal fragment of beta-amyloid precursor protein; these inclusions have been observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia complex on Guam, Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease and 'normal' elderly individuals and animal models http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014068 abnormal muscle glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level any anomaly in the concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014070 abnormal cardiac muscle glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014068 abnormal muscle glycogen level any anomaly in the concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014071 increased cardiac muscle glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014070 abnormal cardiac muscle glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014072 decreased cardiac muscle glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014070 abnormal cardiac muscle glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014073 abnormal brain glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level any anomaly in the concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014074 increased brain glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014073 abnormal brain glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014075 decreased brain glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014073 abnormal brain glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014076 absent Paneth cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013486 decreased Paneth cell number absence or loss of the large secretory cells containing coarse granules normally confined to the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014077 ectopic Paneth cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004843 abnormal Paneth cell morphology abnormal position of the large secretory cells containing coarse granules normally confined to the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn in the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014078 small intestinal villus atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology erosion or abnormal flattening of the surface secondary to the shortening and blunting of the small intestinal villi; villus atrophy is a non-specific reaction of the intestinal mucosa to a variety of injuries; the pathogenesis is either associated with a hyper-regenerative increase in crypt cell mitoses leading to crypt elongation or it results from hyporegeneration, that is, reduced mitotic rate with shortened crypts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014079 decreased small intestinal villus number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology fewer than normal numbers of the tiny hair-like projections which protrude from the inside of the small intestine and contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014080 fused small intestinal villi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology partial or complete fusion of the tiny hair-like projections which protrude from the inside of the small intestine and contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014081 branched small intestinal villi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology atypical formation of branched tree-like structures in the tiny hair-like projections which protrude from the inside of the small intestine and contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; branching may occur in association with increased or ectopic epithelial proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014082 decreased small intestinal villus height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology decreased height of the tiny hair-like projections which protrude from the inside of the small intestine and contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; usually accompanied by crypt elongation or hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014083 blunted small intestinal villi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology abnormal flattening of the surface of the tiny hair-like projections which protrude from the inside of the small intestine and contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; usually due to intestinal damage or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014084 clubbed small intestinal villi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008108 abnormal small intestinal villus morphology club-shaped small intestinal villi with tips broader than the base; usually accompanied by cytoplasmic swelling and vacuolization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014085 stomach non-glandular epithelium hyperkeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000472 abnormal stomach non-glandular epithelium morphology abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum in the stratified squamous epithelium lining the distinct rodent non-glandular region of the stomach, i.e. the forestomach (aka anterior or proximal stomach); hyperkeratosis frequently accompanies epithelial hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014087 retrolental blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005195 abnormal posterior eye segment morphology presence of blood behind the lens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014088 abnormal Kimura membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003149 abnormal tectorial membrane morphology any structural anomaly of the thickening of the lower surface of the tectorial membrane into which the hair bundles of the outer hair cells are imbedded http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014089 abnormal tectorial membrane marginal band morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003149 abnormal tectorial membrane morphology any structural anomaly of the dense thickening of the lateral edge of the tectorial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014090 abnormal tectorial membrane covernet morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003149 abnormal tectorial membrane morphology any structural anomaly of the anastomosing network of large caliber fibrils that run predominantly longitudinally over the upper surface of the tectorial membrane; in mice, the covernet fibrils are continuous with the underlying striated-sheet matrix of the TM, and appear as electron-dense rods that can be a micron or more in diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014091 abnormal tectorial membrane striated-sheet matrix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003149 abnormal tectorial membrane morphology any structural anomaly of the laminated, striated-sheet matrix within which collagen fibrils of the TM are imbedded; the striated sheet matrix is formed by two types of fine-diameter collagen filaments, a light and a dark staining type that lie in parallel within the plane of each sheet and are extensively linked along their length by staggered cross bridges; it originates medially within the sulcal zone, extends to the marginal band and is particularly evident in apical regions of the cochlea, where it has a less compressed appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014092 abnormal pancreatic primary cilium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013205 abnormal nonmotile primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of the nonmotile primary cilia that assemble in the normal duct, islet, and centroacinar cells of the pancreas and function in sensing and signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014093 decreased pancreatic primary cilium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014092 abnormal pancreatic primary cilium morphology reduced length of the nonmotile primary cilia that are found in the normal duct, islet, and centroacinar cells of the pancreas and function in sensing and signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014094 decreased pancreatic primary cilium number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014092 abnormal pancreatic primary cilium morphology reduced number of the nonmotile primary cilia that are found in the normal duct, islet, and centroacinar cells of the pancreas and function in sensing and signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014095 decreased pancreatic acinar cell zymogen granule number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009160 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell zymogen granule morphology fewer than the expected number of membrane-bounded, cytoplasmic secretory granules found in pancreatic acinar cells that contain inactive digestive enzyme precursors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014096 abnormal pancreatic amylase secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009147 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell physiology anomaly in the production and/or release of alpha-amylase, the main starch digesting enzyme component of pancreatic juice, from the acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas; pancreatic alpha-amylase is released into pancreatic ducts in its active form and acts at random locations along the starch chain to break down long-chain carbohydrates, ultimately yielding maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and limit dextrin from amylopectin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014097 increased pancreatic amylase secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014096 abnormal pancreatic amylase secretion greater production and/or release of alpha-amylase, the main starch digesting enzyme component of pancreatic juice, from the acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas; pancreatic alpha-amylase is released into pancreatic ducts in its active form and acts at random locations along the starch chain to break down long-chain carbohydrates, ultimately yielding maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and limit dextrin from amylopectin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014098 decreased pancreatic amylase secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014096 abnormal pancreatic amylase secretion reduction in the production and/or release of alpha-amylase, the main starch digesting enzyme component of pancreatic juice, from the acinar cells of the exocrine pancreas; pancreatic alpha-amylase is released into pancreatic ducts in its active form and acts at random locations along the starch chain to break down long-chain carbohydrates, ultimately yielding maltotriose and maltose from amylose, or maltose, glucose and limit dextrin from amylopectin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014099 abnormal chondrocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009780 abnormal chondrocyte physiology any anomaly in multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014100 increased chondrocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014099 abnormal chondrocyte proliferation increased amount of multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014101 decreased chondrocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014099 abnormal chondrocyte proliferation decreased amount of multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014102 abnormal chondrocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009780 abnormal chondrocyte physiology change in the timing or the number of chondrocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014103 increased chondrocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014102 abnormal chondrocyte apoptosis increased number of chondrocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014104 decreased chondrocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014102 abnormal chondrocyte apoptosis reduced number of chondrocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014105 abnormal chondrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development any anomaly in the process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014106 delayed chondrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014105 abnormal chondrocyte differentiation delay in the process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014107 premature chondrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014105 abnormal chondrocyte differentiation early occurance of the process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014108 calcified pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001944 abnormal pancreas morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the pancreas; commonly seen in chronic pancreatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014109 increased pancreatic alpha cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003563 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell physiology increase in the ability of the glucagon-producing cells of the islets of Langerhans in the endocrine pancreas to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014110 absent ventral pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013867 abnormal ventral pancreas morphology absence of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the dorsal pancreas during development to form a single organ; the ventral pancreatic bud gives rise to the pancreatic head and uncinate process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014111 small ventral pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013867 abnormal ventral pancreas morphology reduced size of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the dorsal pancreas during development to form a single organ; the ventral pancreatic bud gives rise to the pancreatic head and uncinate process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014112 absent dorsal pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013866 abnormal dorsal pancreas morphology absence of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the ventral pancreas during development to form a single organ; the dorsal pancreatic bud gives rise to the body, tail, and isthmus of the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014113 small dorsal pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013866 abnormal dorsal pancreas morphology reduced size of the transient embryonic structure that fuses with the ventral pancreas during development to form a single organ; the dorsal pancreatic bud gives rise to the body, tail, and isthmus of the pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014115 cognitive inflexibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014114 abnormal cognition inability to change attention or a cognitive behavior as an adaptation to the demands of external stimuli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014116 abnormal pancreatic beta cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009488 abnormal pancreatic islet cell apoptosis change in the timing or the number of pancreatic beta cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014117 increased pancreatic beta cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014121 increased pancreatic islet cell apoptosis increase in the number of pancreatic beta cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014118 decreased pancreatic beta cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014122 decreased pancreatic islet cell apoptosis decrease in the number of pancreatic beta cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014119 abnormal mandibular nerve innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009800 abnormal mandibular nerve morphology any changes in the placement, morphology or number of mandibular nerve fibers providing motor and sensory nerve supply from the auricle, the external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, temporal region, the cheek, the skin overlying the mandible, the anterior portion of the tongue, the floor of the mouth, lower teeth and gingiva and transmits motor information from the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and digastric muscle and the muscles tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014120 focal seizures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002064 seizures seizures characterized by localized cerebral ictal onset http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014121 increased pancreatic islet cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009488 abnormal pancreatic islet cell apoptosis increase in the number of pancreatic islet cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014122 decreased pancreatic islet cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009488 abnormal pancreatic islet cell apoptosis decrease in the number of pancreatic islet cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014123 abnormal amylin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014195 abnormal endocrine pancreas secretion any anomaly in the production or release of the polypeptide hormone that is co-secreted with insulin by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and is known to inhibit glucagon secretion, delay gastric emptying, and act as a satiety agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014124 increased amylin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014123 abnormal amylin secretion greater than normal production or release of the polypeptide hormone that is normally co-secreted with insulin by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and is known to inhibit glucagon secretion, delay gastric emptying, and act as a satiety agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014125 decreased amylin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014123 abnormal amylin secretion reduction in the production or release of the polypeptide hormone that is normally co-secreted with insulin by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and is known to inhibit glucagon secretion, delay gastric emptying, and act as a satiety agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014126 increased mammary gland apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001881 abnormal mammary gland physiology increase in the number of any cells of a mammary gland undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014127 increased thymoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010296 increased hemolymphoid system tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm originating from the epithelial cells of the thymus, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; thymoma is an uncommon tumor linked with myasthenia gravis and other autoimmune diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014128 increased Harderian gland adenocarcinoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012437 increased Harderian gland tumor incidence greater than the expected number of a malignant neoplasm of acinar epithelial cells in the Harderian gland, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; these usually are larger than adenomas and may cause facial selling and/or exophthalmos; they are highly cellular and disorganized compared to adenomas, with piling up of pleomorphic cells; areas of medullary or solid growth patterns are common; there may necrosis or hemorrhage, invasion beyond the orbit, and distant metastasis to the lungs, local lymph nodes, thymus or liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014129 thymus fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000703 abnormal thymus morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the thymus, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014130 thymus cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more fluid-filled spaces lined by epithelium within the thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014131 abnormal tear film morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013754 abnormal ocular surface morphology any alteration in the structure, biochemical composition, or stability of the thin acellular fluid layer that adheres to the most superficial layer of the corneal epithelium and lubricates and protects the ocular surface; the film is generally composed of three layers: (i) an inner mucous layer, secreted largely by the conjunctival goblet cells with contributions from the lacrimal glands, which coats the cornea, provides a hydrophobic layer, and allows for even distribution of the tear film; (ii) a middle aqueous layer, secreted by the lacrimal glands, which keeps the corneal surface moist, and provides a mechanism for oxygenation and nutrient exchange with the avascular anterior corneal tissue; and (iii) an outer lipid layer, secreted principally by the Meibomian (tarsal) glands although lipid tear elements also are contributed by the Harderian glands; tear film lipids form a monolayer on the tear surface, and function by enhancing the surface tension which supports the integrity of the tear film against collapse due to gravity and also slows down the loss of the tear film by evaporation; in addition , the lipid layer provides a glassy, smooth interface between the air and the transparent cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014132 abnormal tear film physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology any functional anomaly of the thin acelullar fluid layer that covers the anterior surface of the mammalian eye and has a variety of constituents that are essential for the maintenance of the avascular transparent corneal epithelium; this film keeps the cornea wet, thus allowing gas exchange between the air and the epithelium, it cleans debris from the transparent surface, providing a clear optical path to the retina, and protects the ocular surface from invasion by bacteria and viruses; the tear film also provides essential metabolites such as retinol, which serves to preserve the transparent nature of the epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014135 abnormal extraembryonic mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the mesoderm of the extraembryonic tissue that is involved in forming the amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and body stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014136 abnormal extraembryonic endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002086 abnormal extraembryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the derivative of the hypoblast cells that migrate into the blastocyst cavity, and line the cavity, giving rise to the primary and definitive yolk sacs; the extraembryonic endoderm fills the remaining cavity of the blastocyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014138 abnormal germ layer morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of cells produced during the process of gastrulation during the early development of the animal embryo, which is distinct from other such layers of cells, as an early step of cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014142 increased body fat mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012320 abnormal body fat mass increased physical bulk or volume of fat in the whole body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014143 decreased body fat mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012320 abnormal body fat mass decreased physical bulk or volume of fat in the whole body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014144 abnormal white adipose tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002970 abnormal white adipose tissue morphology aberrant physical bulk or volume of white adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014145 increased white adipose tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014144 abnormal white adipose tissue mass increased physical bulk or volume of white adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014146 decreased white adipose tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014144 abnormal white adipose tissue mass decreasd physical bulk or volume of white adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014147 lacrimal gland necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of lacrimal gland tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014148 lacrimal gland degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the tubuloacinar exocrine glands that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film (tears); mice have two lacrimal glands (intra- and exorbital) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014149 abnormal lacrimal gland innervation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002184 abnormal innervation any structural or position anomaly of the supply of nerve fibers that connect to the tubuloacinar exocrine glands that secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film (tears) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014150 lacrimal gland hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013453 enlarged lacrimal gland increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lacrimal gland, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014151 lacrimal gland hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lacrimal gland, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014152 absent exorbital lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013440 abnormal exorbital lacrimal gland morphology absence of the large extra-orbital lacrimal gland that, in mice, is normally located subcutaneously at the anteroventral base of the ear adjacent to the parotid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014153 absent intraorbital lacrimal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013441 abnormal intraorbital lacrimal gland morphology absence of the small intra-orbital lacrimal gland that, in mice, is normally located superficially at the lateral canthus, where both the lacrimal gland and Harderian gland ducts open http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014154 Meibomian gland degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005252 abnormal Meibomian gland morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the meibum-secreting modified lobulated sebaceous glands located at the rim of the eyelids inside the tarsal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014155 absent olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008789 abnormal olfactory epithelium morphology absence of the epithelial cells that line the interior of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014156 abnormal lacrimal gland myoepithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the stellate-shaped contractile cells with flattened nuclei and long slender processes that surround the secretory acini and intralobular ducts of the lacrimal gland, located between the epithelium and the basement membrane; myoepithelial cells not only exhibit characteristics of other epithelial cells, such as expression of cytokeratin, but also exhibit properties of smooth muscle cells, such as expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin; their contraction might aid in the expulsion of fluid out of the secretory tubules or help maintain the patency of acinar and ductal lumens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014157 alacrima http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020218 abnormal tear production absence of tear production; may occur in association with other disorders or as an isolated congenital defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014158 esophagus fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000467 abnormal esophagus morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the esophagus, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014159 stomach fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000470 abnormal stomach morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the stomach, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014160 abnormal circulating cortisol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003366 abnormal circulating glucocorticoid level any anomaly in the blood concentration of the principal glucocorticoid produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex within the adrenal gland; cortisol is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucose; it functions to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis, to suppress the immune system, and to aid the metabolism of fat, protein, and carbohydrate; it also decreases bone formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014161 increased circulating cortisol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014160 abnormal circulating cortisol level greater than the normal blood concentration of the principal glucocorticoid produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex within the adrenal gland and released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014162 decreased circulating cortisol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014160 abnormal circulating cortisol level less than the normal blood concentration of the principal glucocorticoid produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex within the adrenal gland and released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014163 abnormal ciliary muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005099 abnormal ciliary body morphology any structural anomaly of the ring of smooth muscle in the eye's vascular layer that forms the main part of the ciliary body, controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances, and regulates the flow of aqueous humor into the canal of Schlemm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014164 abnormal ciliary process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005099 abnormal ciliary body morphology any structural anomaly of any of the pigmented processes that radiate from the ciliary muscle and give attachments to ligaments supporting the lens of the eye; these processes increase in thickness as they advance from the orbiculus ciliaris to the external border of the iris, and together with the folds (plicae) in the furrows between them, constitute the corona ciliaris; ciliary processes produce aqueous humor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014165 absent ciliary process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014164 abnormal ciliary process morphology absence or loss of any of the pigmented processes that radiate from the ciliary muscle and give attachments to ligaments supporting the lens of the eye; ciliary processes produce aqueous humor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014166 ectopic cranial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014167 ectopic bone the appearance of an extra bone structure at an atypical location in or near the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014167 ectopic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005508 abnormal skeleton morphology the appearance of an extra bone structure at an atypical location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014168 abnormal brown adipose tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002971 abnormal brown adipose tissue morphology aberrant physical bulk or volume of brown adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014169 decreased brown adipose tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014168 abnormal brown adipose tissue mass decreased physical bulk or volume of brown adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014170 increased brown adipose tissue mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014168 abnormal brown adipose tissue mass increased physical bulk or volume of brown adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014171 increased fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010953 abnormal fatty acid oxidation increased rate or incidence of the process of removal of one or more electrons from a fatty acid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014172 decreased fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010953 abnormal fatty acid oxidation decreased rate or incidence of the process of removal of one or more electrons from a fatty acid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014173 increased fatty acid beta-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010952 abnormal fatty acid beta-oxidation increased rate or incidence of the process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid, beginning with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, with successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014174 decreased fatty acid beta-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010952 abnormal fatty acid beta-oxidation decreased rate or incidence of the process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid, beginning with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, with successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014175 abnormal ciliary epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005099 abnormal ciliary body morphology any structural anomaly of the double layer lining the inner surfaces of the ciliary processes and the pars plana (i.e. the posterior portion of the ciliary body, aka orbicularis ciliari); the outer layer is the pigmented epithelium, which is composed of low cuboidal cells and is adjacent to the stroma and continuous with the retinal pigmented epithelium; the inner layer is formed by non-pigmented epithelium, a columnar epithelium, adjacent to the aqueous humor in the posterior chamber and continuous with the retina; these two layers of the epithelium are appositioned in their apical surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014176 abnormal cilary zonule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005193 abnormal anterior eye segment morphology any structural anomaly of the circumferential suspensory ligaments that anchor the lens to the ciliary process and are made of bundles of fibrillin microfibrils, an elaborate system of fibers that spans the gap between the lens and the adjacent nonpigmented ciliary epithelium; this fibrous rigging ensures lens centration; in species that accommodate, the zonule transmits the forces that flatten the lens, allowing the eye to focus on distant objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014177 abnormal Weber's gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003791 abnormal minor salivary gland morphology any structural anomaly of the lingual glands located on the lateral margins of the tongue, at the level of the foliate papillae and in the root of the tongue behind the circumvallate papillae; in humans, the ducts of posterior superficial lingual glands open into the crypts of lingual tonsils; mucous supplied by these glands may help to cleanse the crypts and aid in deglutition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014178 increased brain apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006042 increased apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the brain undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014179 abnormal blood-retina barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology anomaly in the function of the part of the blood-ocular barrier that consists of cells that are joined tightly together to prevent certain substances from entering the tissue of the retina; the BRB consists of non-fenestrated capillaries of the retinal circulation and tight-junctions between retinal epithelial cells preventing passage of large molecules from choriocapillaris into the retina; the BRB barrier becomes more leaky in patients with diabetic retinopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014180 abnormal thymus apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003763 abnormal thymus physiology change in the timing or the number of cells located in the thymus that are undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014181 abnormal respiratory epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014026 abnormal respiratory epithelial transmembrane transport any anomaly in the directed movement of a sodium from one side of the respiratory epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014182 decreased respiratory epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014181 abnormal respiratory epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport decrease in the directed movement of sodium ions from one side of the respiratory epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014183 increased respiratory epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014181 abnormal respiratory epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport increase in the directed movement of sodium ion from one side of the respiratory epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014184 hindbrain atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012506 brain atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the hindbrain associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014185 cerebellum atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014184 hindbrain atrophy acquired diminution of the size of the cerebellum associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014186 epididymis hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004931 enlarged epididymis increase in the bulk size of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014187 spermatocele http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009205 abnormal internal male genitalia morphology a retention cyst of a tubule of the rete testis or the head of the epididymis distended with barely watery fluid that contains spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014188 epididymis fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002631 abnormal epididymis morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the epididymis, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014189 testis fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology invasion of fibrous connective tissue into the testis, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014190 abnormal epididymis physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003698 abnormal male reproductive system physiology any functional anomaly of the elongated structure connected to the posterior surface of the testis that transports, stores, and matures spermatozoa between testis and vas deferens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014191 abnormal epididymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014190 abnormal epididymis physiology anomaly in the expansion rate of any epididymal cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014192 increased epididymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014191 abnormal epididymal cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of any epididymal cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014193 decreased epididymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014191 abnormal epididymal cell proliferation decrease in the expansion rate of any epididymal cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014194 increased epididymal epithelium cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014192 increased epididymal cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of the cells of the epididymal epithelium by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014198 absent pituitary infundibular stalk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009463 abnormal pituitary infundibular stalk morphology absence of the apical portion of the tubular structure extending from the hypothalamus to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014199 abnormal parotid gland myoepithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003452 abnormal parotid gland morphology any structural anomaly of the stellate-shaped contractile cells with long dendritic processes that surround the secretory acini and intercalated ducts of the parotid gland, usually found in the glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells; they display features of both smooth muscle and epithelium, such as numerous microfilaments with focal densities in the cytoplasmic processes, and desmosomes which attach them to the epithelial cells; their functions include contraction when the gland is stimulated to secrete, compressing or reinforcing the underlying parenchymal cells, thus aiding in the expulsion of saliva and preventing damage to the other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014202 abnormal intestinal epithelial transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014201 abnormal intestinal epithelium physiology any anomaly in the process in which a solute is transported across the lipid bilayer of an intestinal cell, from one side of a membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014203 abnormal intestinal epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014202 abnormal intestinal epithelial transmembrane transport any anomaly in the process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane of an intestinal epithelial cell to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014204 abnormal intestinal epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014202 abnormal intestinal epithelial transmembrane transport any anomaly in the process in which a sodium ion is transported from one side of a membrane of an intestinal epithelial cell to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014205 increased intestinal epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014204 abnormal intestinal epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport increase in the directed movement of a sodium ions from one side of the intestinal epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014206 decreased intestinal epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014204 abnormal intestinal epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport decrease in the directed movement of a sodium ions from one side of the intestinal epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014207 increased intestinal epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014203 abnormal intestinal epithelial chloride transmembrane transport increase in the directed movement of a chloride from one side of the intestinal epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014208 decreased intestinal epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014203 abnormal intestinal epithelial chloride transmembrane transport decrease in the directed movement of a chloride from one side of the intestinal epithelial cell membrane to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014209 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelium physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010148 abnormal exocrine pancreas physiology any functional anomaly of the epithelial layer of the pancreatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014210 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014209 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelium physiology any anomaly in the directed movement of a substance from one side of the lipid bilayer of the epithelium of the pancreatic duct to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014211 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014210 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial transmembrane transport any anomaly in the directed movement of chloride from one side of the lipid bilayer of the epithelium of the pancreatic duct to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014212 decreased pancreatic duct epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014211 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial chloride transmembrane transport reduction in the directed movement of chloride from one side of the lipid bilayer of the epithelium of the pancreatic duct to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014213 increased pancreatic duct epithelial chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014211 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial chloride transmembrane transport increase in the directed movement of chloride from one side of the lipid bilayer of the epithelium of the pancreatic duct to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014214 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014210 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial transmembrane transport any anomaly in the directed movement of sodium ions from one side of the lipid bilayer of the epithelium of the pancreatic duct to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014215 increased pancreatic duct epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014214 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport increase in the directed movement of sodium ions from one side of the lipid bilayer of the epithelium of the pancreatic duct to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014216 decreased pancreatic duct epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014214 abnormal pancreatic duct epithelial sodium ion transmembrane transport reduction in the directed movement of sodium ions from one side of the lipid bilayer of the epithelium of the pancreatic duct to the other http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014217 abnormal intestinal mucosa thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000511 abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology anomaly in the width of the mucosal layer that lines the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014218 increased intestinal mucosa thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014217 abnormal intestinal mucosa thickness increase in the width of the mucosal layer that lines the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014219 decreased intestinal mucosa thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014217 abnormal intestinal mucosa thickness decrease in the width of the mucosal layer that lines the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014220 abnormal colon goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013795 abnormal colon goblet cell morphology any anomaly in the number of goblet cells in the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014221 increased colon goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014220 abnormal colon goblet cell number increase in the number of goblet cells in the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014222 decreased colon goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014220 abnormal colon goblet cell number reduction in the number of goblet cells in the colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014223 abnormal ileal goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002581 abnormal ileum morphology any anomaly in the number of goblet cells in the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014224 increased ileal goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014223 abnormal ileal goblet cell number increase in the number of goblet cells in the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014225 decreased ileal goblet cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014223 abnormal ileal goblet cell number reduction in the number of goblet cells in the ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014226 abnormal alveolar macrophage physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology any functional anomaly of the round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs which ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014227 abnormal alveolar macrophage number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008245 abnormal alveolar macrophage morphology any anomaly in the number of round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs which ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014228 increased alveolar macrophage number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014227 abnormal alveolar macrophage number increase in the number of round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs which ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014229 decreased alveolar macrophage number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014227 abnormal alveolar macrophage number reduction in the number of round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs which ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014230 dilated crypt of Lieberkuhn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000490 abnormal crypts of Lieberkuhn morphology an expansion in the volume or area of the lumen of one or more of the crypts of Lieberkuhn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014231 intestinal mucus accumulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000477 abnormal intestine morphology increase in the amount of mucus contained within the lumin of the intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014232 dilated pancreatic acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009145 abnormal pancreatic acinus morphology the luminal space of one or more of the pancreatic acini are increased in volume or area, usually with an increase in contained fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014233 bile duct epithelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013611 abnormal bile duct epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the bile duct epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020000 abnormal response to antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001790 abnormal immune system physiology anomaly in the immune response after exposure to an antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020001 decreased response to antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020000 abnormal response to antigen decreased or weak immune response after exposure to an antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020002 increased response to antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020000 abnormal response to antigen increased immune response after exposure to an antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020003 abnormal sulfolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level an anomaly in the concentration of lipids that possess a sulfur-containing functional group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020005 decreased sulfoglycosphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012229 abnormal sulfoglycosphingolipid level decreased concentration or amount of the sulfolipids that contribute to myelin function and stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020006 increased sulfoglycosphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012229 abnormal sulfoglycosphingolipid level increased concentration or amount of the sulfolipids that contribute to myelin function and stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020007 decreased brain sulfoglycosphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020005 decreased sulfoglycosphingolipid level decreased brain concentration of the sulfolipids that contribute to myelin function and stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020008 increased brain sulfoglycosphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020006 increased sulfoglycosphingolipid level increased brain concentration of the sulfolipids that contribute to myelin function and stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020009 abnormal bone mineral density of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010119 abnormal bone mineral density anomaly in the quantitative measurment of mineral content of bone in the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020010 decreased bone mineral density of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020009 abnormal bone mineral density of femur reduction in the quantitative measurment value of mineral content of bone in the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020011 increased bone mineral density of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020009 abnormal bone mineral density of femur elevation in the quantitative measurement value of mineral content of bone in the long bone of the thigh http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020012 abnormal arylsulphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: a phenol sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020013 decreased arylsulphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020012 abnormal arylsulphatase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: a phenol sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020014 increased arylsulphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020012 abnormal arylsulphatase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: a phenol sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020015 abnormal aldehyde dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the oxidation (dehydrogenation) of aldehydes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020016 decreased aldehyde dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020015 abnormal aldehyde dehydrogenase activity increased ability to catalyze the oxidation (dehydrogenation) of aldehydes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020017 increased aldehyde dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020015 abnormal aldehyde dehydrogenase activity decreased ability to catalyze the oxidation (dehydrogenation) of aldehydes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020018 abnormal phenylalanine decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: L-phenylalanine = phenylethylamine + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020019 decreased phenylalanine decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020018 abnormal phenylalanine decarboxylase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: L-phenylalanine = phenylethylamine + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020020 increased phenylalanine decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020018 abnormal phenylalanine decarboxylase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: L-phenylalanine = phenylethylamine + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020021 abnormal delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H(2)O + H(+) + porphobilinogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020022 decreased delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020021 abnormal delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H(2)O + H(+) + porphobilinogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020023 decreased hepatic delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020022 decreased delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction in the liver: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H(2)O + H(+) + porphobilinogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020024 increased delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020021 abnormal delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H(2)O + H(+) + porphobilinogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020025 increased hepatic delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020024 increased delta-aminolaevulinate dehydratase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction in the liver: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H(2)O + H(+) + porphobilinogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020026 abnormal aldehyde oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020027 decreased aldehyde oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020026 abnormal aldehyde oxidase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction:an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020028 increased aldehyde oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020026 abnormal aldehyde oxidase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020029 abnormal cholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity aberrant activity of the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020030 abnormal circulating cholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020029 abnormal cholinesterase activity aberrant activity of the blood of the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020031 decreased circulating cholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020034 decreased cholinesterase activity decreased activity of the blood of the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020032 increased circulating cholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020033 increased cholinesterase activity increased activity of the blood of the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020033 increased cholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020029 abnormal cholinesterase activity increased activity of the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020034 decreased cholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020029 abnormal cholinesterase activity decreased activity of the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020035 abnormal coumarin hydroxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: coumarin + O2 + NADPH + H+ = hydroxycoumarin + H2O + NADP+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020036 decreased coumarin hydroxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020035 abnormal coumarin hydroxylase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: coumarin + O2 + NADPH + H+ = hydroxycoumarin + H2O + NADP+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020037 increased coumarin hydroxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020035 abnormal coumarin hydroxylase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: coumarin + O2 + NADPH + H+ = hydroxycoumarin + H2O + NADP+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020038 retina macular degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001326 retina degeneration retrogressive pathological change of the macula lutea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020039 increased bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification increase in the formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020040 decreased bone ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008271 abnormal bone ossification decrease in the formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020041 decreased susceptibility to pulmonary hyaline membrane formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031106 abnormal susceptibility to pulmonary hyaline membrane formation decreased likelihood of the presence of an eosinophilic hyaline (glass-like) material composed of fibrin, proteinaceous exudate and cellular debris, and lining or filling the alveoli, alveolar ducts and bronchioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020042 abnormal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP+ = D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate + NADPH + H+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020043 decreased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020042 abnormal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP+ = D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate + NADPH + H+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020044 increased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020042 abnormal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP+ = D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate + NADPH + H+ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020045 abnormal tyrosine aminotransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020046 decreased tyrosine aminotransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020045 abnormal tyrosine aminotransferase activity decreased ability to catalyze the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020047 increased tyrosine aminotransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020045 abnormal tyrosine aminotransferase activity increased ability to catalyze the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020048 abnormal maltase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: alpha-maltose + H2O = 2 alpha-D-glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020049 decreased maltase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020048 abnormal maltase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction:alpha-maltose + H2O = 2 alpha-D-glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020050 increased maltase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020048 abnormal maltase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction:alpha-maltose + H2O = 2 alpha-D-glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020051 abnormal procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020052 decreased procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020051 abnormal procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020053 increased procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020051 abnormal procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020054 abnormal beta-glucuronidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020055 abnormal spermatazoal beta-glucuronidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020054 abnormal beta-glucuronidase activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate in the spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020056 decreased beta-glucuronidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020054 abnormal beta-glucuronidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020057 decreased spermatazoal beta-glucuronidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020055 abnormal spermatazoal beta-glucuronidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate in the spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020058 increased beta-glucuronidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020054 abnormal beta-glucuronidase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020059 increased spermatazoal beta-glucuronidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020055 abnormal spermatazoal beta-glucuronidase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate in the spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020060 abnormal hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: IMP + diphosphate = hypoxanthine + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020061 decreased hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020060 abnormal hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: IMP + diphosphate = hypoxanthine + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020062 increased hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020060 abnormal hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: IMP + diphosphate = hypoxanthine + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020063 abnormal thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiopurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thiopurine S-methylether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020064 decreased thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020063 abnormal thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiopurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thiopurine S-methylether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020065 increased thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020063 abnormal thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiopurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thiopurine S-methylether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020066 abnormal neocortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008547 abnormal neocortex morphology deviation from the average range of neocortex size compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020067 increased neocortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020066 abnormal neocortex size greater than average size of the neocortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020068 increased neocortex volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020067 increased neocortex size increase from the average range of neocortex volume compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020069 decreased neocortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020066 abnormal neocortex size size reduction or truncation of the neocortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020070 decreased neocortex volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020069 decreased neocortex size decrease from the average range of neocortex volume compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020071 decreased blood catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011594 decreased catalase activity reduced ability of the catalase enzyme in the blood to catalyze the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020072 increased blood catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011593 increased catalase activity increased ability of the catalase enzyme in the blood to catalyze the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020073 abnormal tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020074 abnormal brain tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020073 abnormal tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020075 increased tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020073 abnormal tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity greater ability to catalyze the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020076 increased brain tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020075 increased tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity greater ability to catalyze the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020077 decreased tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020073 abnormal tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020078 decreased brain tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020077 decreased tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity reduction in the ability to catalyze the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine in the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020079 increased incidence of epicardial mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003057 abnormal epicardium morphology increased incidence of mineral deposits in the epicardial tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020080 increased bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002896 abnormal bone mineralization increase in the rate at which minerals are deposited into bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020081 myocardium degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009416 cardiac muscle degeneration deterioration or the inflammation of the myocardium often caused by oxygen deprivation. It generally occurs as a result of obstruction of the blood supply and can trigger a heart attack http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020082 increased hippocampus volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008282 enlarged hippocampus deviation from the average range of the hippocampus volume compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020083 decreased hippocampus volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008283 small hippocampus decrease from the average range of the hippocampus volume compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020084 short ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000018 small ears reduced length of the ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020085 long ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology increased length of the ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020086 abnormal susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis an anomaly in the likelihood to develop non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020087 increased susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020086 abnormal susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes increased likelihood to develop non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020088 decreased susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020086 abnormal susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes decreased likelihood to develop non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020089 increased susceptibility to diet-induced non-insulin dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020087 increased susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes increased likelihood to develop diet-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020090 decreased susceptibility to diet-induced non-insulin dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020088 decreased susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes decreased likelihood to develop diet-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020091 abnormal susceptibility to diet-induced non-insulin dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020086 abnormal susceptibility to non-insulin-dependent diabetes an anomaly in the likelihood to develop diet-induced non-insulin-dependent diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020092 abnormal susceptibility to aortic cartilaginous metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology an anomaly in the susceptibility to the transformation of cells comprising the aorta epithelium to arterial chondrocytes that express type II collagen, resulting in heterotopic formation of cartilage and may lead to calcification in the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020093 decreased susceptibility to aortic cartilaginous metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020092 abnormal susceptibility to aortic cartilaginous metaplasia decreased susceptibility to the transformation of cells comprising the aorta epithelium to arterial chondrocytes that express type II collagen, resulting in heterotopic formation of cartilage and may lead to calcification in the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020094 increased susceptibility to aortic cartilaginous metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020092 abnormal susceptibility to aortic cartilaginous metaplasia increased susceptibility to the transformation of cells comprising the aorta epithelium to arterial chondrocytes that express type II collagen, resulting in heterotopic formation of cartilage and may lead to calcification in the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020095 abnormal mean heart rate adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology an anomaly in the mean of the physiological adaptations of the organisms heart rate in response to long term endurance training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020096 high mean heart rate adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020095 abnormal mean heart rate adaptation higher than normal mean of the physiological adaptations of the organisms heart rate in response to long term endurance training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020097 low mean heart rate adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020095 abnormal mean heart rate adaptation lower than normal mean of the physiological adaptations of the organisms heart rate in response to long term endurance training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020098 abnormal susceptibility to diet-induced aortic fatty streak lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology an anomaly in the susceptibility to development of diet-induced fatty streak lesions, the earliest lesions seen with athersclerosis in arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020099 increased susceptibility to diet-induced aortic fatty streak lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020098 abnormal susceptibility to diet-induced aortic fatty streak lesions increased susceptibility to development of diet-induced fatty streak lesions, the earliest lesions seen with athersclerosis in arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020100 decreased susceptibility to diet-induced aortic fatty streak lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020098 abnormal susceptibility to diet-induced aortic fatty streak lesions decreased susceptibility to development of diet-induced fatty streak lesions, the earliest lesions seen with athersclerosis in arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020101 abnormal hepatic glucose production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002078 abnormal glucose homeostasis an anomaly in the production of glucose in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020102 increased hepatic glucose production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020101 abnormal hepatic glucose production increased production of glucose in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020103 decreased hepatic glucose production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020101 abnormal hepatic glucose production decreased production of glucose in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020104 abnormal nitrate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis altered level of nitrate ion in fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020105 increased nitrate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020104 abnormal nitrate level increased level of nitrate ion in fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020106 decreased nitrate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020104 abnormal nitrate level decreased level of nitrate ion in fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020107 abnormal nitrite level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis altered level of nitrite ion in fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020108 increased nitrite level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020107 abnormal nitrite level increased level of nitrite ion in fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020109 decreased nitrite level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020107 abnormal nitrite level decreased level of nitrite ion in fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020110 increased thromboxane level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009818 abnormal thromboxane level increased concentrations of thromboxane, a lipid that has a role in clot formation (thrombosis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020111 decreased thromboxane level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009818 abnormal thromboxane level decreased concentrations of thromboxane, a lipid that has a role in clot formation (thrombosis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020112 abnormal carcass lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level any anomaly in the total lipid content on the carcass of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020113 high carcass lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020112 abnormal carcass lipid increased total lipid content on the carcass of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020114 low carcass lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020112 abnormal carcass lipid decreased total lipid content on the carcass of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020115 abnormal sphingosine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012230 abnormal sphingolipid level any anomaly in the concentrations of sphingosine, an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020116 increased sphingosine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020115 abnormal sphingosine level increased concentrations of sphingosine, an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020117 decreased sphingosine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020115 abnormal sphingosine level decreased concentrations of sphingosine, an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020118 abnormal alcohol dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020119 decreased alcohol dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020118 abnormal alcohol dehydrogenase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020120 increased alcohol dehydrogenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020118 abnormal alcohol dehydrogenase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: a primary alcohol + acceptor = an aldehyde + reduced acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020124 abnormal circulating HDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010330 abnormal circulating lipoprotein level any anomaly in the amount of the complex of high density lipoprotein and phospholipid in the blood, serum, or plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020125 increased circulating HDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020124 abnormal circulating HDL phospholipid level increase in the concentration in the blood of HDL phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020126 decreased circulating HDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020124 abnormal circulating HDL phospholipid level decrease in the concentration in the blood of HDL phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020127 abnormal circulating non-HDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006084 abnormal circulating phospholipid level any anomaly of the amount of phospholipid not complexed to high density lipropoteins in the blood, serum, or plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020128 increased circulating non-HDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020127 abnormal circulating non-HDL phospholipid level increase in the concentration in the blood of non-HDL phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020129 decreased circulating non-HDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020127 abnormal circulating non-HDL phospholipid level decrease in the concentration in the blood of non-HDL phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020131 abnormal gallbladder volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020134 abnormal gallbladder size any anomaly in the amount of space occupied by gallbladder lumen in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020132 increased gallbladder volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020131 abnormal gallbladder volume greater than average amount of space occupied by gallbladder in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020133 decreased gallbladder volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020131 abnormal gallbladder volume less than average amount of space occupied by gallbladder in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020137 decreased bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002896 abnormal bone mineralization decrease in the rate at which minerals are deposited into bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020138 delayed bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002896 abnormal bone mineralization late onset of the process by which minerals are deposited into bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020139 abnormal brain external capsule morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008540 abnormal cerebral hemisphere morphology any structural anomaly of the series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain that run between the most lateral segment of the lentiform nucleus and the claustrum; the white matter of the external capsule contains fibers known as corticocortical association fibers which are responsible for connecting the cerebral cortex to another cortical area; the capsule appears as a thin white sheet of white matter and provides a route for cholinergic fibers from the basal forebrain to the cerebral cortex; it eventually joins the internal capsule around the lentiform nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020140 increased brain external capsule size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020139 abnormal brain external capsule morphology larger than the normal physical proportions of the series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain that run between the most lateral segment of the lentiform nucleus and the claustrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020141 decreased brain external capsule size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020139 abnormal brain external capsule morphology smaller than the normal physical proportions of the series of white matter fiber tracts in the brain that run between the most lateral segment of the lentiform nucleus and the claustrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020142 increased anti-sperm antibody level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003725 increased autoantibody level elevated level of antibodies to sperm antigens, usually due to compromised Sertoli cell barrier (blood-testis barrier) function; ASAs may be found in the circulation, either free or as immune complexes, in seminal fluid and/or attached to various antigenic sites on the sperm surface (head, midpiece or tail) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020143 abnormal adrenal gland x-zone size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008296 abnormal adrenal gland x-zone morphology an anomaly in the size of the x-zone compared to the average on the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020144 small adrenal gland x-zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020143 abnormal adrenal gland x-zone size reduced size of the x-zone compared to the average on the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020145 enlarged adrenal gland x-zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020143 abnormal adrenal gland x-zone size increased size of the x-zone compared to the average on the pair of endocrine glands located above the kidney that are responsible for steroid hormone secretion from the cortex and neurotransmitter (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) secretion from the medulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020146 abnormal vascular endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004003 abnormal vascular endothelial cell physiology anomaly in the ability of the cells that line the vasculature to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020153 abnormal urine albumin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006315 abnormal urine protein level anomaly in the amount of albumin in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020154 impaired humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001800 abnormal humoral immune response impaired response of the immune system that mediates secreted antibodies produced in B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020155 enhanced humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001800 abnormal humoral immune response enhanced response of the immune system that mediates secreted antibodies produced in B cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020156 multinucleated pancreatic acinar cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009146 abnormal pancreatic acinar cell morphology pancreatic acinar cells contain multiple nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020161 increased vascular endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020146 abnormal vascular endothelial cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of any vascular endothelial cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020162 decreased susceptibility to virus induced diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002410 decreased susceptibility to viral infection reduced likelihood that an organism will develop diabetes from a viral infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020163 increased susceptibility to virus induced diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002418 increased susceptibility to viral infection increased likelihood that an organism will develop diabetes from a viral infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020168 decreased thyroid gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002951 small thyroid gland lower than average weight of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020169 increased thyroid gland weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005355 enlarged thyroid gland higher than average weight of the thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020170 vacuolated thymus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009544 abnormal thymus epithelium morphology the presence of clear, sharply defined vacuoles in the thymus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020191 abnormal lymphocyte activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003945 abnormal lymphocyte physiology an anomaly in the morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020192 decreased lymphocyte activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020191 abnormal lymphocyte activation involved in immune response decreased change in the morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020193 increased lymphocyte activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020191 abnormal lymphocyte activation involved in immune response Increased change in the morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020194 abnormal glycosphingolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012230 abnormal sphingolipid level any anomaly in the concentrations of glycosphingolipids, a subtype of glycolipids containing the amino alcohol sphingosine, in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020197 decreased reticular tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010282 decreased organ/body region tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in the reticulum, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020198 decreased mononuclear phagocyte tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020197 decreased reticular tumor incidence less than the expected number of neoplams in mononuclear phagocyte cells, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020199 increased reticular tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010274 increased organ/body region tumor incidence greater than the expected number of neoplams in the reticulum, usually in the form of a distinct mass, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020200 increased mononuclear phagocyte tumor incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020199 increased reticular tumor incidence more than the expected number of neoplams in mononuclear phagocyte cells, in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020206 abnormal heart left atrium weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031576 abnormal heart atrium size anomaly in the average weight of the heart left atrium compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020207 abnormal heart right atrium weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031576 abnormal heart atrium size anomaly in the average weight of the heart right atrium compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020208 abnormal withers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001253 abnormal body height abnormal height of the ridge between the shoulder blades of a four-legged mammal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020209 low withers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020208 abnormal withers low height of the ridge between the shoulder blades of a four-legged mammal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020210 high withers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020208 abnormal withers high height of the ridge between the shoulder blades of a four-legged mammal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020211 slow movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031392 hypoactivity decreased rate or speed of the coordinated movements executed with a purpose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020212 impaired leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003156 abnormal leukocyte migration impaired ability of blood leukocytes to move within or between different tissues and organs of the body by binding to high endothelial venules (HEV), then tethering and rolling along the luminal aspects of HEV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020213 enhanced leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003156 abnormal leukocyte migration enhanced ability of blood leukocytes to move within or between different tissues and organs of the body by binding to high endothelial venules (HEV), then tethering and rolling along the luminal aspects of HEV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020214 increased susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011019 abnormal adaptive thermogenesis increased susceptibility to hyperthermia triggered by exposure to certain drugs used for general anesthesia, specifically the volatile anesthetic agents and the neuromuscular blocking agent, succinylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020215 impaired blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation impaired ability of the blood to clot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020216 decreased circulating complement protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010215 abnormal circulating complement protein level less than normal levels of the serum proteins that act sequentially to allow for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020217 increased circulating complement protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010215 abnormal circulating complement protein level more than the normal levels of the serum proteins that act sequentially to allow for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020219 increased tear production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020218 abnormal tear production increased production of the amount of fluid produced in the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020220 decreased tear production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020218 abnormal tear production decreased production of the amount of fluid produced in the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020221 reduced foot pad pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011568 decreased foot pigmentation lack of color in the body of fat on the foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020222 abnormal alertness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior anomaly in the level of awareness or attentiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020223 increased alertness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020222 abnormal alertness increased or heightened awareness or attentiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020224 decreased alertness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020222 abnormal alertness decreased level of awareness or attentiveness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020225 bone necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology pathological death of cells or a portion of the bone; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020226 decreased hemangioma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010283 decreased classified tumor incidence fewer than the expected number of benign tumors characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells, occurring in a specific population in a given time period; a cavernous hemangioma is characterized by large endothelial spaces (caverns), and a capillary hemangioma is characterized by small endothelial spaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020227 abnormal proline oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity altered ability of proline oxidase to catalyze the reaction: L-proline + O2 + H2O = L-delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + H2O2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020228 decreased proline oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020227 abnormal proline oxidase activity decreased ability of proline oxidase to catalyze the reaction: L-proline + O2 + H2O = L-delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + H2O2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020229 increased proline oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020227 abnormal proline oxidase activity increased ability of proline oxidase to catalyze the reaction: L-proline + O2 + H2O = L-delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + H2O2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020230 subcutaneous adipose tissue degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011156 abnormal hypodermis fat layer morphology a retrogressive impairment of function or destruction of the adipose tissue layer beneath the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020231 abnormal tyrosine aminotransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level anomaly in the level of the enzyme present in the liver that catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020232 increased tyrosine aminotransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020231 abnormal tyrosine aminotransferase level increased level of the enzyme present in the liver that catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020233 decreased tyrosine aminotransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020231 abnormal tyrosine aminotransferase level decreased level of the enzyme present in the liver that catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020234 decreased basal metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008961 abnormal basal metabolism decrease in heat production of an organism at the lowest level of cell chemistry in an inactive, awake, and fasting state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020235 black belted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation the appearance of a stripe of black fur around the circumference of the abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020236 abnormal proline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level abnormal concentration of proline and/or its metabolic derivatives, derived from the amino acid L-glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020237 increased proline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020236 abnormal proline level higher than normal concentration of proline and its metabolic derivatives, derived from the amino acid L-glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020238 decreased proline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020236 abnormal proline level lower than normal concentration of proline and its metabolic derivatives, derived from the amino acid L-glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020239 abnormal skeletal muscle cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology change in the timing or the number of skeletal muscle cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020240 increased skeletal muscle cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020239 abnormal skeletal muscle cell apoptosis increase in the number of skeletal muscle cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020241 decreased skeletal muscle cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020239 abnormal skeletal muscle cell apoptosis decrease in the number of skeletal muscle cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020242 increased autopod size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014290 abnormal autopod size larger than average size of the autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020243 abnormal pyruvate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity anomaly in the ability to transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP, yielding one molecule of pyruvate and one molecule of ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020244 increased pyruvate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020243 abnormal pyruvate kinase activity increased ability to transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP, yielding one molecule of pyruvate and one molecule of ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020245 decreased pyruvate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020243 abnormal pyruvate kinase activity reduced ability to the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP, yielding one molecule of pyruvate and one molecule of ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020246 abnormal circulating arginase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level aberrant concentration in the blood of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arginine + H2O to ornithine + urea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020247 increased circulating arginase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020246 abnormal circulating arginase level increased concentration in the blood of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arginine + H2O to ornithine + urea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020248 decreased circulating arginase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020246 abnormal circulating arginase level decreased concentration in the blood of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of arginine + H2O to ornithine + urea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020249 abnormal argininosuccinate synthetase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level aberrant concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of argininosuccinate from citrulline and aspartate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020250 increased argininosuccinate synthetase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020249 abnormal argininosuccinate synthetase level increased concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of argininosuccinate from citrulline and aspartate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020251 decreased argininosuccinate synthetase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020249 abnormal argininosuccinate synthetase level decreased concentration of the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of argininosuccinate from citrulline and aspartate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020252 abnormal collagen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level abnormal level of the main structural protein of the various connective tissues in animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020253 increased collagen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020252 abnormal collagen level increased level of the main structural protein of the various connective tissues in animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020254 decreased collagen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020252 abnormal collagen level decreased level of the main structural protein of the various connective tissues in animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020255 absent circulating factor XII protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020256 abnormal circulating factor XII level undetectable levels in the blood of the enzyme that is part of the coagulation cascade and activates factor XI and prekallikrein in vitro http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020256 abnormal circulating factor XII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level aberrant concentration in the blood of the enzyme that is part of the coagulation cascade and activates factor XI and prekallikrein in vitro http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020257 increased circulating factor XII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020256 abnormal circulating factor XII level increased concentration in the blood of the enzyme that is part of the coagulation cascade and activates factor XI and prekallikrein in vitro http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020258 decreased circulating factor XII level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020256 abnormal circulating factor XII level decreased concentration in the blood of the enzyme that is part of the coagulation cascade and activates factor XI and prekallikrein in vitro http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020259 abnormal beta-galactosidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of beta-galactosides into monosaccharides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020260 absent beta-galactosidase protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020259 abnormal beta-galactosidase level undetectable levels of the hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of beta-galactosides into monosaccharides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020261 increased beta-galactosidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020259 abnormal beta-galactosidase level increased level of the hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of beta-galactosides into monosaccharides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020262 decreased beta-galactosidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020259 abnormal beta-galactosidase level decreased level of the hydrolase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of beta-galactosides into monosaccharides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020263 abnormal galactosylceramidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the enzyme that removes galactose from ceramide derivatives (galactocerebrosides) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020264 increased galactosylceramidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020263 abnormal galactosylceramidase level increased level of the enzyme that removes galactose from ceramide derivatives (galactocerebrosides). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020265 decreased galactosylceramidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020263 abnormal galactosylceramidase level decreased level of the enzyme that removes galactose from ceramide derivatives (galactocerebrosides). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020266 absent galactosylceramidase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020265 decreased galactosylceramidase level undetectable level of the enzyme that removes galactose from ceramide derivatives (galactocerebrosides). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020267 abnormal beta-mannosidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the enzyme that catalyses the reaction: hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-mannose residues in beta-D-mannosides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020268 increased beta-mannosidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020267 abnormal beta-mannosidase level increased level of the enzyme that catalyses the reaction: hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-mannose residues in beta-D-mannosides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020269 decreased beta-mannosidase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020267 abnormal beta-mannosidase level decreased level of the enzyme that catalyses the reaction: hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-mannose residues in beta-D-mannosides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020270 abnormal branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of branched, short-chain alpha-ketoacids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020271 increased branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020270 abnormal branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase level increased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of branched, short-chain alpha-ketoacids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020272 decreased branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020270 abnormal branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase level decreased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of branched, short-chain alpha-ketoacids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020273 abnormal N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-sulfate groups of the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020274 increased N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020273 abnormal N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase level increased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-sulfate groups of the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020275 decreased N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020273 abnormal N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase level decreased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-sulfate groups of the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020276 abnormal glycogen debranching enzyme level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the enzyme that helps facilitate the breakdown of glycogen by mobilize glucose reserves from glycogen deposits in the muscles and liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020277 increased glycogen debranching enzyme level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020276 abnormal glycogen debranching enzyme level increased level of the enzyme that helps facilitate the breakdown of glycogen by mobilize glucose reserves from glycogen deposits in the muscles and liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020278 decreased glycogen debranching enzyme level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020276 abnormal glycogen debranching enzyme level decreased level of the enzyme that helps facilitate the breakdown of glycogen by mobilize glucose reserves from glycogen deposits in the muscles and liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020282 abnormal hydroxymethylbilane synthase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnormal level of the enzyme that catalyzes the head to tail condensation of four porphobilinogen molecules into the linear hydroxymethylbilane while releasing four ammonia molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020283 increased hydroxymethylbilane synthase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020282 abnormal hydroxymethylbilane synthase level increased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the head to tail condensation of four porphobilinogen molecules into the linear hydroxymethylbilane while releasing four ammonia molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020284 decreased hydroxymethylbilane synthase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020282 abnormal hydroxymethylbilane synthase level decreased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the head to tail condensation of four porphobilinogen molecules into the linear hydroxymethylbilane while releasing four ammonia molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020285 abnormal palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005319 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level abnomal level of the enzyme that removes thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020286 increased palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020285 abnormal palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase level increased level fo the enzyme that removes thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020287 decreased palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020285 abnormal palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase level reduced level fo the enzyme that removes thioester-linked fatty acyl groups such as palmitate from modified cysteine residues in proteins or peptides during lysosomal degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020288 ectopic limbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002109 abnormal limb morphology more than the expected number of limbs differentiate during early embryogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020289 astasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003312 abnormal locomotor coordination the inability to stand due to muscular incoordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020290 floppy ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology ears that are limp or hanging loosely http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020291 abnormal dystrophin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level deviation from the normal level of the cytoplasmic protein that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to the surrounding extracellular matrix through the cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020292 decreased dystrophin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020291 abnormal dystrophin level reduced level of the cytoplasmic protein that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to the surrounding extracellular matrix through the cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020293 increased dystrophin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020291 abnormal dystrophin level greater level of the cytoplasmic protein that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to the surrounding extracellular matrix through the cell membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020294 abnormal guanylate cyclase activating protein-2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level abnormal level of the enzyme that accelerates the recovery of rods and cones from excitation by light in response to calcium proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020295 decreased guanylate cyclase activating protein-2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020294 abnormal guanylate cyclase activating protein-2 level decreased level of the enzyme that accelerates the recovery of rods and cones from excitation by light in response to calcium proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020296 increased guanylate cyclase activating protein-2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020294 abnormal guanylate cyclase activating protein-2 level increased level of the enzyme that accelerates the recovery of rods and cones from excitation by light in response to calcium proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020297 abnormal UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level abnormal level of the enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + lysosomal-enzyme D-mannose to UMP + lysosomal-enzyme N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-phospho-D-mannose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020298 decreased UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020297 abnormal UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase level decreased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + lysosomal-enzyme D-mannose to UMP + lysosomal-enzyme N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-phospho-D-mannose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020299 increased UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020297 abnormal UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase level increased level of the enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + lysosomal-enzyme D-mannose to UMP + lysosomal-enzyme N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-phospho-D-mannose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020300 long tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology increased length of the mobile mass of muscular tissue and surrounding epithelial tissue occupying the cavity of the mouth and forming part of the floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020301 short tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology decreased length of the mobile mass of muscular tissue and surrounding epithelial tissue occupying the cavity of the mouth and forming part of the floor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020302 large horns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020304 abnormal horn morphology increased size of the one or more of the hard pointed parts that grows on the head of some animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020303 small horns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020304 abnormal horn morphology decreased size of the one or more of the hard pointed parts that grows on the head of some animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020304 abnormal horn morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000432 abnormal head morphology any structural anomaly of the hard pointed parts that grows on the head of some animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020305 abnormal horn pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020304 abnormal horn morphology irregular or unusual pigmentation of the hard pointed parts that grows on the head of some animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020306 absent horns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020304 abnormal horn morphology lack of the hard pointed parts that grows on the head of some animals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020307 abnormal creatine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity altered ability of to catalyze the reaction: ATP + creatine = N-phosphocreatine + ADP + 2 H(+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020308 decreased creatine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020307 abnormal creatine kinase activity reduced ability of to catalyze the reaction: ATP + creatine = N-phosphocreatine + ADP + 2 H(+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020309 increased creatine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020307 abnormal creatine kinase activity increased ability of to catalyze the reaction: ATP + creatine = N-phosphocreatine + ADP + 2 H(+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020310 abnormal hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity altered ability of to catalyze the reaction: H(2)O + 4 porphobilinogen = hydroxymethylbilane + 4 NH(4)(+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020311 decreased hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020310 abnormal hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity reduced ability of to catalyze the reaction: H(2)O + 4 porphobilinogen = hydroxymethylbilane + 4 NH(4)(+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020312 increased hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020310 abnormal hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity increased ability of to catalyze the reaction: H(2)O + 4 porphobilinogen = hydroxymethylbilane + 4 NH(4)(+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020313 abnormal palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity altered ability of to catalyze the reaction: palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020314 decreased palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020313 abnormal palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity reduced ability of to catalyze the reaction: palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020315 increased palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020313 abnormal palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity increased ability of to catalyze the reaction: palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020316 decreased vascular endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020146 abnormal vascular endothelial cell proliferation decrease in the expansion rate of any vascular endothelial cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020320 abnormal vascular endothelial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004003 abnormal vascular endothelial cell physiology change in the timing or the number of vascular endothelial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020321 increased vascular endothelial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020320 abnormal vascular endothelial cell apoptosis increase in the timing or the number of vascular endothelial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020322 decreased vascular endothelial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020320 abnormal vascular endothelial cell apoptosis decrease in the timing or the number of vascular endothelial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020323 abnormal heart apex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012515 abnormal heart apex morphology any anomaly in the proportions of the lowest superficial part of the heart, normally directed downward, forward, and to the left, and overlapped by the left lung and pleura; the heart apex is formed by the inferolateral part of the left ventricle and responsible for regulating ventricle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020324 jejunum polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008011 intestine polyps development of numerous growths that are connected to and protrude from the mucous membrane of the jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020325 abnormal beige fat cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology any structural anomaly of fat cells that are beige in color, thermogenic, and which differentiates in white fat tissue from a Myf5-negative progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020326 dilated capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004938 dilated vasculature stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of one or more of the small branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020327 abnormal capillary branching pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003658 abnormal capillary morphology any changes in the placement, morphology or number of divisions of the capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020328 abnormal capillary density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003658 abnormal capillary morphology any anomaly in the number of capillaries in a given cross-sectional area of a tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020329 decreased capillary density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020328 abnormal capillary density reduction in the number of capillaries in a given cross-sectional area of a tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020330 increased capillary density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020328 abnormal capillary density increase in the number of capillaries in a given cross-sectional area of a tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020331 increased capillary tortuosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003658 abnormal capillary morphology increase in the degree of twisting of capillaries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020332 impaired leukocyte tethering or rolling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003627 abnormal leukocyte tethering or rolling reduced ability or inability in the transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels mediated primarily by selectins and which are typically the first step in cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020333 enhanced leukocyte tethering or rolling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003627 abnormal leukocyte tethering or rolling enhancement of the transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels mediated primarily by selectins and which are typically the first step in cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020334 abnormal melanophage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002446 abnormal macrophage morphology any structural anomaly in the melanin-containing macrophages that obtain the pigment by phagocytosis of melanosomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020335 abnormal dentate gyrus neuron dendrite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology any structural anomaly of the highly branched tree-like process of a neuron in one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020336 abnormal motor neuron dendrite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology any structural anomaly of the highly branched tree-like process of cells that innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020337 abnormal pyramidal neuron dendrite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology structural anomaly of the highly branched tree-like process of the neurons that have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020338 abnormal hippocampal pyramidal neuron dendrite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020337 abnormal pyramidal neuron dendrite morphology structural anomaly of the highly branched tree-like process of the hippocampal neurons that have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020339 abnormal retina ganglion cell dendrite morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008143 abnormal dendrite morphology any structural anomaly of the highly branched tree-like process of neurons in the retina that receive neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020340 abnormal inhibitory learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002063 abnormal learning/memory/conditioning anomaly in the process by which a subject learns to suppress a prior learned response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020341 abnormal circulating hyaluronic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011475 abnormal glycosaminoglycan level any anomaly in the amount in the blood of hyaluronic acid, an anionic nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan containing the constituent sugars: glucuronic acid and glucosamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020343 abnormal ureteric bud number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006032 abnormal ureteric bud morphology anomaly in the number of the epithelial swelling on the metanephric duct that elongates to invade the adjacent metanephric mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020344 abnormal susceptibility to injury induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005164 abnormal response to injury differences from the expected moribund state caused by trauma, especially that by physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020345 abnormal myocardial fiber currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004215 abnormal myocardial fiber physiology any anomaly in the electrical currents produced by cardiac ion channels, typically measured using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020346 abnormal myocardial fiber calcium currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020345 abnormal myocardial fiber currents any anomaly in the electrical currents produced by cardiac calcium ion channels, typically measured using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020347 abnormal myocardial fiber sodium currents http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020345 abnormal myocardial fiber currents any anomaly in the electrical currents produced by cardiac sodium ion channels, typically measured using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020348 decreased olfactory sensory neuron number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006092 abnormal olfactory sensory neuron morphology decreased number of the neurons in the olfactory epithelium that are activated by specific odorants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020350 fused pharyngeal arches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology failure of two or more pharyngeal arches to fully separate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020351 decreased vocalization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001529 abnormal vocalization decrease in the production of vocal sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020352 abnormal endoplasmic reticulum physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology any functional anomaly of the irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020353 abnormal endoplasmic reticulum stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020352 abnormal endoplasmic reticulum physiology any anomaly in the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen; this accumulation maybe stimulated by genetic or enviromental factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020354 increased endoplasmic reticulum stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020353 abnormal endoplasmic reticulum stress increase in the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen; this accumulation may be stimulated by genetic or environmental factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020355 abnormal Sertoli cell barrier morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011750 abnormal seminiferous tubule epithelium morphology any structural anomaly of the physical barrier found between adjacent Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules; the sertoli cell barrier consists of several types of cellular junctions including tight junctions, gap junctions and adhesion junctions, and divides the seminiferous tubules into the basal and apical (adluminal) compartments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020356 abnormal Sertoli cell barrier function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004884 abnormal testis physiology any functional anomaly of the physical barrier found between the blood vessels and the seminiferous tubules of the testes; this barrier between Sertoli cells is composed of tight junctions, basal ectoplasmic specializations, and desmosome-like junctions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020357 abnormal excitatory synapse morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology any structural anomaly of a synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020358 abnormal inhibitory synapse morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology any structural anomaly in a synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell reduces the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020359 abnormal ribbon synapse morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology any structural anomaly in a synapse characterized by an electron-dense ribbon, lamella (bar) or spherical body in the presynaptic process cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020360 abnormal asymmetric synapse morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology any structural anomaly in a type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft; asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020361 abnormal symmetric synapse morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009538 abnormal synapse morphology any structurla anomaly in synapse that lacks an electron dense postsynaptic specialization; in vertebtrates, these occur primarily on dendrite shafts and neuronal cell bodies and involve persynapses containing clusters of predominantly flattened or elongated vesicles and are typcially inhibitory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020362 abnormal male germ cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020363 abnormal germ cell physiology any functional anomaly of male germ cells whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020364 abnormal female germ cell physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020363 abnormal germ cell physiology any functional anomaly female germ cells whether they are undifferentiated or fully differentiated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020365 increased brain iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008811 abnormal brain iron level increase in the amount of iron present in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020366 decreased brain iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008811 abnormal brain iron level reduction in the amount of iron present in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020367 increased heart iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008741 abnormal heart iron level increase in the amount of iron present in the heart tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020368 decreased heart iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008741 abnormal heart iron level reduction in the amount of iron present in the heart tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020369 increased intestinal iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008740 abnormal intestinal iron level increase in the amount of iron present in the large or small intestinal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020370 abnormal glymphatic system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly in the macroscopic waste clearance system that utilizes a unique system of perivascular tunnels, formed by astroglial cells, to promote efficient elimination of soluble proteins and metabolites from the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020371 abnormal glymphatic system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly in the macroscopic waste clearance system that utilizes a unique system of perivascular tunnels, formed by astroglial cells, to promote efficient elimination of soluble proteins and metabolites from the central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020372 abnormal tetrachloroethene metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013275 abnormal xenobiotic metabolism altered ability to metabolize tetrachloroethene, a chlorinated olefin solvent with a variety of industrial applications, a ubiquitous contaminant of ground water, soil, ambient and urban air, and is one of the most common pollutants present in many hazardous waste sites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020373 abnormal blood vessel lumen formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000259 abnormal vascular development any anomaly in the process in which a developing blood vessel forms an endothelial lumen through which blood will flow; in vertebrates, the lumen of all blood vessels is lined and formed by endothelial cells; in both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, lumen formation takes place in a cord of endothelial cells and involves a complex mechanism composed of endothelial cell repulsion at the cell-cell contacts within the endothelial cell cords, junctional rearrangement, and endothelial cell shape change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020374 abnormal nocifensive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004924 abnormal behavior any anomaly in a behavioral response to a noxious signal typically mediated by nociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020375 abnormal costotransverse joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008149 abnormal costovertebral joint morphology any anomaly in the structure of the articulation between the facet of the tubercle of a rib and the transverse process of a thoracic vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020376 abnormal starburst amacrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005240 abnormal amacrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal amacrine cells with a characteristic starburst shape of the dendritic arbor and that secrete both the the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid and the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020377 abnormal dopaminergic amacrine cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005240 abnormal amacrine cell morphology any structural anomaly of the retinal amacrine cells that express dopamine and are often identified by immunostaining for expression of tyrosine hydroxylase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020378 abnormal cell cytoskeleton morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any anomaly in the structure of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020379 abnormal sucrose solution preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001423 abnormal liquid preference any anomaly in the desire to drink water containing sucrose compared to consuming straight water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020380 abnormal galactolipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level any anomaly in the concentrations of the glycolipids whose sugar group is galactose and that do not have nitrogen in their composition in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020381 muscle gating pore current http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004145 abnormal muscle electrophysiology an anomalous non-selective cation current that is unaffected by the normal pore blockers and therefore represents ion movement through a permeation pathway in voltage-sensor domain of the protein rather than through the central pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020382 increased kidney epithelial cell primary cilium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011065 abnormal kidney epithelial cell primary cilium morphology increased length of the cilia on cells of the renal tubule or collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020383 decreased kidney epithelial cell primary cilium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011065 abnormal kidney epithelial cell primary cilium morphology decreased length of the cilia on cells of the renal tubule or collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020384 absent kidney epithelial cell primary cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011065 abnormal kidney epithelial cell primary cilium morphology absence of non-motile cilia on cells of the renal tubule or collecting duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020385 decreased intestinal iron level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008740 abnormal intestinal iron level reduction in the amount of iron present in the large or small intestinal tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020386 adipose tissue inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020387 abnormal radial glial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003648 abnormal radial glial cell morphology anomaly in the number of the supporting cells of the developing central nervous system that guide neuronal migration during development and exchange metabolites with developing and migrating neurons; these cells differentiate into astrocytes and some neuronal types in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020388 decreased radial glial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020387 abnormal radial glial cell number reduction in the number of the supporting cells of the developing central nervous system that guide neuronal migration during development and exchange metabolites with developing and migrating neurons; these cells differentiate into astrocytes and some neuronal types in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020389 increased radial glial cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020387 abnormal radial glial cell number increase in the number of the supporting cells of the developing central nervous system that guide neuronal migration during development and exchange metabolites with developing and migrating neurons; these cells differentiate into astrocytes and some neuronal types in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020390 abnormal radial glial cell endfoot morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003648 abnormal radial glial cell morphology any structural anomaly of the tip of the elongated basal process that extends from the cell body of a radial glial cell through the entire cortical wall; the tip of the basal process, known as the basal endfoot, attaches to the pial basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020391 radial glial endfoot detachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020390 abnormal radial glial cell endfoot morphology detachment of the radial glia cell endfoot from the pial basement membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020392 abnormal radial glial cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010170 abnormal glial cell apoptosis change in the timing or the number of radial glial cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020393 increased neuronal precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004948 abnormal neuronal precursor proliferation increase in the ability of a neuroblast population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020394 decreased neuronal precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004948 abnormal neuronal precursor proliferation reduction in the ability of a neuroblast population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020395 abnormal response to social novelty http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003107 abnormal response to novelty any anomaly in the interaction of an individual with a familiar versus a novel individual of the same species; in mouse the typical behavior is for increased interaction with the novel individual http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020396 abnormal social recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001360 abnormal social investigation any anomaly in the ability of an individual to recognize another individual of the same species during repeated encounters http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020397 abnormal megakaryocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009278 abnormal bone marrow cell physiology any functional anomaly in the giant cell 50 to 100 micron in diameter, with a greatly lobulated nucleus, found in the bone marrow; mature blood platelets are released from its cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020398 abnormal megakaryocyte emperipolesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020397 abnormal megakaryocyte physiology any anomaly in the process by which a a megakaryocyte is penetrated by another living cell; unlike in phagocytosis the engulfed cell remains viable and may exit the megakaryocyte without damage to either cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020399 enhanced megakaryocyte emperipolesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020398 abnormal megakaryocyte emperipolesis an increase in the process by which a a megakaryocyte is penetrated by another living cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020400 cystinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003311 aminoaciduria excretion of excessive amounts of cystine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020401 argininuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030664 increased arginine level excretion of excessive amounts of arginine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020402 ornithinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030647 increased ornithine level excretion of excessive amounts of ornithine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020403 lysinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030721 increased lysine level excretion of excessive amounts of lysine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020404 prolinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020237 increased proline level excretion of excessive amounts of proline in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020405 taurinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030635 increased taurine level excretion of excessive amounts of taurine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020406 hyperthreoninuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030700 increased threonine level excretion of excessive amounts of threonine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020407 abnormal placental thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi within the blood vessel network of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020408 abnormal susceptibility to induced thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation of thrombi following stimulation of thrombosis by an external agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020409 abnormal cardiac thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi in the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020410 increased liposarcoma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002032 increased sarcoma incidence greater than the expected number of malignant tumors derived from primitive or embryonal lipoblastic cells; these may be composed of well-differentiated fat cells or may be dedifferentiated: myxoid, round-celled, or pleomorphic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020411 increased abdominal adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005452 abnormal adipose tissue amount increase in amount of adipose tissue associated with internal organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020412 abnormal amnion physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology any functional anomaly of the thin innermost layer of the extraembryonic membranes that contains the amniotic fluid; the membrane forms a closed sac in which the embryo and later, the fetus, is suspended and protected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020413 increased amnion apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020412 abnormal amnion physiology increase in the number of cells of the amnion undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020414 abnormal fibroblast physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any functional anomaly in the cellular physiological processes carried out by a fibroblast cell population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020415 abnormal fibroblast chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011706 abnormal fibroblast migration any anomaly in the directed movement of a fibroblast cell population guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient; movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020416 decreased fibroblast chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020415 abnormal fibroblast chemotaxis reduction in the directed movement response of a fibroblast cell population guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient; movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020417 increased fibroblast chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020415 abnormal fibroblast chemotaxis increase in the directed movement response of a fibroblast cell population guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient; movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020418 increased cardiac muscle relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004084 abnormal cardiac muscle relaxation greater than the normal ability of the cardiac/heart muscle to lengthen following contractions, often measured by dP/dt min http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020419 decreased cardiac muscle relaxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004084 abnormal cardiac muscle relaxation inability or reduced ability of the cardiac/heart muscle to lengthen following contractions, often measured by dP/dt min http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030000 abnormal subglottis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002249 abnormal larynx morphology any structural anomaly of the lower portion of the larynx, extending from just beneath the vocal cords down to the top of the trachea; the structures in the subglottis are implicated in the regulation of the temperature of the breath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030001 subglottis stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030000 abnormal subglottis morphology congenital or acquired narrowing or constriction of the subglottic airway, extending from just beneath the vocal cords down to the top of the trachea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_3000001 abnormal gastrula morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002085 abnormal embryonic tissue morphology any structural anomaly of the pear shaped trilaminar embryonic stage in which the primititve streak elongates, the epiblast cells migrate medially towards the streak, enter the primitive groove and migrate laterally to organize into the intraembryonic mesoderm (epithelio-mesenchymal transition) between the embryonic ectoderm and primitive endoderm; the notochordal process forms and extends, and the disc becomes pear shaped as the notochordal process grows http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_3000003 abnormal Ebner's gland morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008052 abnormal serous gland morphology any structural anomaly of the serous salivary glands which reside adjacent to the moats surrounding the circumvallate and foliate papillae just anterior to the posterior third of the tongue, anterior to the terminal sulcus; these exocrine glands secrete lingual lipase initiating the process of lipid hydrolysis in the mouth and empty their serous secretion into the base of the moats around the foliate and circumvallate papillae; their secretion presumably flushes material from the moat to enable the taste buds to respond rapidly to changing stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_3000004 abnormal nictitating membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology any structural anomaly of the translucent fold of the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva present in some animals that can be drawn across the eye for protection and to moisten it while maintaining visibility; in many mammals, a small, vestigial portion of the membrane remains in the corner of the eye; in mice, the nictitating membrane is very small and composed of a very thin core of cartilage covered by loose connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_3000005 abnormal lacrimal sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001346 abnormal lacrimal gland morphology any structural anomaly of the upper dilated end of the nasolacrimal duct that is lodged in a deep groove formed by the lacrimal bone and frontal process of the maxilla; it connects the lacrimal canaliculi, which drain tears from the eye's surface, and the nasolacrimal duct, which conveys this fluid into the nasal cavity; like the nasolacrimal duct, the sac is lined by stratified columnar epithelium with mucus-secreting goblet cells, and is surrounded by connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120006 regulation of glutamatergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120007 negative regulation of glutamatergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120008 positive regulation of glutamatergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905962 glutamatergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glutamatergic neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036255 interoceptive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system The system that is responsible for sensing the internal state of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030383 small presphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004448 abnormal presphenoid bone morphology reduced size of the anterior part of the body of the sphenoid bone in front of the basisphenoid; it is usually a separate bone in the young or fetus, but becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030505 tooth impaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000121 failure of tooth eruption cessation of eruption of a tooth caused by a clinically or radiographically detectable physical barrier in the eruption path or by an ectopic position of the tooth; an impacted tooth is one that is unable to fully erupt in its proper location because it is blocked by tissue, bone or another tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110077 vesicle-mediated intercellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010496 intercellular transport A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in extracellular vesicles between cells; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the extracellular vesicle membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110079 regulation of placenta blood vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901342 regulation of vasculature development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of placenta blood vessel development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110080 positive regulation of placenta blood vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051094 positive regulation of developmental process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of placenta blood vessel development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110081 negative regulation of placenta blood vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051093 negative regulation of developmental process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of placenta blood vessel development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140157 ammonium import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072488 ammonium transmembrane transport The directed movement of an ammonium ion from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150031 regulation of protein localization to lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150032 positive regulation of protein localization to lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903829 positive regulation of protein localization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150033 negative regulation of protein localization to lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061983 meiosis II cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process A process that coontributes to the second meiotic division. The second meiotic division separates chromatids resulting in a haploid number of chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139588 alpha-hydroxy ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879 alcohol An alpha-oxyketone that has a hydroxy group as the alpha-oxy moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139590 primary alpha-hydroxy ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139588 alpha-hydroxy ketone An alpha-hydroxy ketone in which the carbonyl group and the hydroxy group are linked by a -CH2 (methylene) group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020573 abnormal corpus callosum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000780 abnormal corpus callosum morphology deviation from the average range of corpus callosum size compared to normal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020578 abnormal pancreatic beta cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005217 abnormal pancreatic beta cell morphology anomaly in the number of the cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_140601 fatty acid 4:0 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26666 short-chain fatty acid Any saturated fatty acid containing 4 carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150077 regulation of neuroinflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050727 regulation of inflammatory response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030716 decreased circulating isoleucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030714 abnormal circulating isoleucine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of isoleucine, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020724 thick retina inner nuclear layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011996 abnormal retina inner nuclear layer thickness increased thickness of the retinal layer that contains the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020725 abnormal substantia nigra cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020726 decreased substantia nigra cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020725 abnormal substantia nigra cell number decrease of the number of cells of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020727 increased substantia nigra cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020725 abnormal substantia nigra cell number increase of the number of cells of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020728 abnormal substantia nigra total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020729 decreased substantia nigra total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020728 abnormal substantia nigra total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020730 increased substantia nigra total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020728 abnormal substantia nigra total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020731 abnormal substantia nigra cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020732 decreased substantia nigra cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020731 abnormal substantia nigra cell density decrease of the density of cells of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020733 increased substantia nigra cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020731 abnormal substantia nigra cell density increase of the density of cells of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020734 abnormal substantia nigra average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the substantia nigra divided by the total number of cells present in the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020735 decreased substantia nigra average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020734 abnormal substantia nigra average cell area decrease in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the substantia nigra divided by the total number of cells present in the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020736 increased substantia nigra average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020734 abnormal substantia nigra average cell area increase in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the substantia nigra divided by the total number of cells present in the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020737 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020564 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020738 decreased pontocerebellar fibers cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020737 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers cell number decrease of the number of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020739 increased pontocerebellar fibers cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020737 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers cell number increase of the number of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020740 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020564 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers morphology any anomaly of the total area of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020741 decreased pontocerebellar fibers total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020740 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers total cell area decrease of the total area of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020742 increased pontocerebellar fibers total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020740 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers total cell area increase of the total area of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020743 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020564 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020744 decreased pontocerebellar fibers cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020743 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers cell density decrease of the density of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020745 increased pontocerebellar fibers cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020743 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers cell density increase of the density of cells of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020746 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020564 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the pontocerebellar fibers divided by the total number of cells present in the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020747 decreased pontocerebellar fibers average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020746 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers average cell area decrease in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the pontocerebellar fibers divided by the total number of cells present in the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020748 increased pontocerebellar fibers average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020746 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers average cell area increase in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the pontocerebellar fibers divided by the total number of cells present in the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020750 abnormal cingulate cortex cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020751 decreased cingulate cortex cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020750 abnormal cingulate cortex cell number a decrease of the number of cells of the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020752 increased cingulate cortex cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020750 abnormal cingulate cortex cell number an increase of the number of cells of the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020753 abnormal cingulate cortex total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020754 decreased cingulate cortex total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020753 abnormal cingulate cortex total cell area decrease in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020755 increased cingulate cortex total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020753 abnormal cingulate cortex total cell area increase in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020756 abnormal cingulate cortex cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020757 decreased cingulate cortex cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020756 abnormal cingulate cortex cell density decrease of the density of cells of the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020758 increased cingulate cortex cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020756 abnormal cingulate cortex cell density increase of the density of cells of the cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020759 abnormal cingulate cortex average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cingulate cortex divided by the total number of cells present in cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020760 decreased cingulate cortex average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020759 abnormal cingulate cortex average cell area decrease in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cingulate cortex divided by the total number of cells present in cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020761 increased cingulate cortex average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020759 abnormal cingulate cortex average cell area increase in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cingulate cortex divided by the total number of cells present in cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020762 abnormal dorsal subiculum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008287 abnormal subiculum morphology the dorsal division of the subiculum; thought to play a role in the processing of spatial, mnemonic and movement information http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020763 abnormal dorsal subiculum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020762 abnormal dorsal subiculum morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020764 decreased dorsal subiculum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020763 abnormal dorsal subiculum cell number decrease in the number of cells of the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020765 increased dorsal subiculum cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020763 abnormal dorsal subiculum cell number increase in the number of cells of the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020766 abnormal dorsal subiculum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020762 abnormal dorsal subiculum morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020767 decreased dorsal subiculum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020766 abnormal dorsal subiculum total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020768 increased dorsal subiculum total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020766 abnormal dorsal subiculum total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020769 abnormal dorsal subiculum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020762 abnormal dorsal subiculum morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020770 decreased dorsal subiculum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020769 abnormal dorsal subiculum cell density decrease of the density of cells of the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020771 increased dorsal subiculum cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020769 abnormal dorsal subiculum cell density increase of the density of cells of the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020772 abnormal dorsal subiculum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020762 abnormal dorsal subiculum morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the dorsal subiculum divided by the total number of cells present in the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020773 decreased dorsal subiculum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020772 abnormal dorsal subiculum average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020774 increased dorsal subiculum average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020772 abnormal dorsal subiculum average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the dorsal subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020775 abnormal inferior colliculus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020776 decreased inferior colliculus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020775 abnormal inferior colliculus cell number decrease in the number of cells of the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020777 increased inferior colliculus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020775 abnormal inferior colliculus cell number increase in the number of cells of the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020778 abnormal inferior colliculus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020779 decreased inferior colliculus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020778 abnormal inferior colliculus total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020780 increased inferior colliculus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020778 abnormal inferior colliculus total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020781 abnormal inferior colliculus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020782 decreased inferior colliculus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020781 abnormal inferior colliculus cell density decrease of the density of cells of the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020783 increased inferior colliculus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020781 abnormal inferior colliculus cell density increase of the density of cells of the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020784 abnormal inferior colliculus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000776 abnormal inferior colliculus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the inferior colliculus divided by the total number of cells present in the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020785 decreased inferior colliculus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020784 abnormal inferior colliculus average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020786 increased inferior colliculus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020784 abnormal inferior colliculus average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the inferior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020787 abnormal superior colliculus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020788 decreased superior colliculus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020787 abnormal superior colliculus cell number decrease in the number of cells of the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020789 increased superior colliculus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020787 abnormal superior colliculus cell number increase in the number of cells of the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020790 abnormal superior colliculus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020791 decreased superior colliculus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020790 abnormal superior colliculus total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020792 increased superior colliculus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020790 abnormal superior colliculus total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020793 abnormal superior colliculus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020794 decreased superior colliculus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020793 abnormal superior colliculus cell density decrease of the density of cells of the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020795 increased superior colliculus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020793 abnormal superior colliculus cell density increase of the density of cells of the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020796 abnormal superior colliculus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000904 abnormal superior colliculus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the superior colliculus divided by the total number of cells present in the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020797 decreased superior colliculus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020796 abnormal superior colliculus average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020798 increased superior colliculus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020796 abnormal superior colliculus average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the superior colliculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020799 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009983 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus morphology any anomaly of the number of cells of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020800 increased cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020799 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell number increase in the number of cells of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020801 decreased cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020799 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell number decrease in the number of cells of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020802 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009983 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020803 increased cerebellum fastigial nucleus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020802 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus total cell area increase in the total area of all cells contained in the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020804 decreased cerebellum fastigial nucleus total cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020802 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus total cell area decrease in the total area of all cells contained in the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020805 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009983 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus morphology any anomaly of the density of cells of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020806 increased cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020805 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell density increase of the density of cells of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020807 decreased cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020805 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus cell density decrease of the density of cells of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020808 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009983 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus morphology any anomaly in the measurement of all areas of cells contained in the cerebellum fastigial nucleus divided by the total number of cells present in the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020809 increased cerebellum fastigial nucleus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020808 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus average cell area increase in the average of the total cell area contained in the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020810 decreased cerebellum fastigial nucleus average cell area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020808 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus average cell area decrease in the average of the total cell area contained in the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020812 long photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020811 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment size increased length of the photoreceptor region that is rich in the visual pigment rhodopsin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020813 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment disc membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology any structural anomaly of the membranous stack located inside the photoreceptor outer segment, and containing densely packed molecules of the photoreceptor protein rhodopsin that traverse the lipid bilayer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020814 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020811 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment size any anomaly in the width of the cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the photoreceptor outer segment through its center and to the opposite lateral edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020816 decreased photoreceptor outer segment number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020815 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment number decreased number of photoreceptor outer segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020817 increased photoreceptor outer segment number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020815 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment number increased number of photoreceptor outer segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020818 abnormal anterior cerebral artery topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013822 abnormal anterior cerebral artery morphology abnormal position of the anterior cerebral artery in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020819 abnormal common carotid artery topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012729 abnormal common carotid artery morphology abnormal position of the common carotid artery in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020821 abnormal oculomotor nerve topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001061 abnormal oculomotor nerve morphology abnormal position of the oculomotor nerve in relation to other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020823 absent pubic symphysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009575 abnormal pubic symphysis morphology absence of the firm fibrocartilaginous joint in the median plane between the two opposing surfaces of the pubic bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020824 abnormal testis tissue architecture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001146 abnormal testis morphology any anomaly in the texture of the testicular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020825 ectopic spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000689 abnormal spleen morphology a spleen located outside of its normal position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020828 abnormal axon course http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005404 abnormal axon morphology any anomaly in the path taken by a process from the nerve cell body to a target http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020829 abnormal forebrain tissue architecture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000783 abnormal forebrain morphology any anomaly in the texture of the forebrain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020830 abnormal jugular lymph sac morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020495 abnormal embryonic lymph sac morphology any structural anomaly in an embryonic lymph sac that forms at the junction of the future internal jugular/anterior cardinals and subclavian veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020831 decreased jugular lymph sac number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020830 abnormal jugular lymph sac morphology fewer than the expected number of jugular lymph sacs; typically there are two of these http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020832 absent jugular lymph sacs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020831 decreased jugular lymph sac number absence of both of the jugular lymph sacs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020833 increased jugular lymph sac number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020830 abnormal jugular lymph sac morphology greater than the expected number of jugular lymph sacs; typically there are two of these http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020834 abnormal citrulline metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013242 abnormal amino acid metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways involving citrulline, including metabolic, catabolic and biosynthetic processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020835 abnormal circulating citrulline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level aberrant concentration in the blood of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020836 increased circulating citrulline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020835 abnormal circulating citrulline level increase in the amount per unit of blood of citrulline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020837 decreased circulating citrulline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020835 abnormal circulating citrulline level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of citrulline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020838 increased acute myeloid leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002026 increased leukemia incidence higher than normal incidence of cancer characterized by rapid onset of abnormal leukocyte proliferation, manifesting as a severe bleeding disorder from coagulation abnormalities, and bone marrow infiltration of abnormal myelocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020839 increased acute undifferentiated leukemia incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020838 increased acute myeloid leukemia incidence higher than normal incidence of cancer characterized by rapid onset of abnormal leukocyte proliferation where the leukocytes are too immature to be able to be classified; manifesting as a severe bleeding disorder from coagulation abnormalities, and bone marrow infiltration of abnormal myelocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020847 abnormal peroxisome physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology any functional anomaly of the small organelle enclosed by a single membrane that contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020849 abnormal actin cytoskeleton morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020378 abnormal cell cytoskeleton morphology any anomaly in the structure of the part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030605 abnormal corneocyte morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001240 abnormal epidermis stratum corneum morphology any structural anomaly of the de-nucleated, dead keratin-filled squamous cell of the stratum corneum; a corneocyte is the last stage of development of a keratinocyte where the keratinocyte flattens, loses its nucleus and eventually delaminates from the epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030635 increased taurine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030634 abnormal taurine level increase in the amount of taurine, an amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid; taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030647 increased ornithine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030646 abnormal ornithine level increase in the amount of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030664 increased arginine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030663 abnormal arginine level increase in the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha- is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030700 increased threonine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030699 abnormal threonine level increase in the amount of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030721 increased lysine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030720 abnormal lysine level increase in the amount of lysine (2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid used in protein biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030806 abnormal autopod joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030805 abnormal limb joint morphology any structural anomaly of any limb joint that is part of an autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030807 abnormal forelimb joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030805 abnormal limb joint morphology any structural anomaly of any limb joint that is part of a forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030816 abnormal shoulder joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030807 abnormal forelimb joint morphology any structural anomaly of the joint that is formed by the union of the humerus, the scapula (or shoulder blade), and the clavicle (or collarbone) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030818 abnormal girdle joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology any structural anomaly of any skeletal joint that is part of an appendage girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030904 abnormal melanoblast physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012745 abnormal neural crest cell physiology any functional anomaly of a cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020954 decreased mechanical nociceptive threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005407 hyperalgesia a lower than average point at which mechanical pain sensation is first detectable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020955 increased mechanical nociceptive threshold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003043 hypoalgesia a higher than average point at which mechanical pain sensation is first detectable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020956 absent mechanical nociception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002734 abnormal mechanical nociception inability to sense mechanical pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031023 decreased susceptibility to Riboviria infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020914 decreased susceptibility to Riboviria infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Riboviria iinfection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Realm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031024 increased susceptibility to Riboviria infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020913 increased susceptibility to Riboviria infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Riboviria iinfection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Realm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031025 decreased susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020917 decreased susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Herpesvirales infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031026 increased susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020916 increased susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Herpesvirales infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031027 decreased susceptibility to Ortervirales infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020920 decreased susceptibility to Ortervirales infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by an Ortervirales infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031028 increased susceptibility to Ortervirales infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020919 increased susceptibility to Ortervirales infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by an Ortervirales infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031029 decreased susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020923 decreased susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Parvoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031030 increased susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020922 increased susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Parvoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031031 decreased susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020926 decreased susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Hepadnaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031032 increased susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020925 increased susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Hepadnaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031033 decreased susceptibility to Poxviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020929 decreased susceptibility to Poxviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Poxviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031034 increased susceptibility to Poxviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020928 increased susceptibility to Poxviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Poxviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031035 decreased susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020932 decreased susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by an Adenoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031036 increased susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020931 increased susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by an Adenoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031037 decreased susceptibility to Retroviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020935 decreased susceptibility to Retroviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Retroviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031038 increased susceptibility to Retroviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020934 increased susceptibility to Retroviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Retroviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031039 decreased susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020938 decreased susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Picornaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031040 increased susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020937 increased susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Picornaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031041 decreased susceptibility to Togaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020941 decreased susceptibility to Togaviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Togaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031042 increased susceptibility to Togaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020940 increased susceptibility to Togaviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Togaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031043 decreased susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020944 decreased susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Flaviviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031044 increased susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020943 increased susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Flaviviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031045 decreased susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020947 decreased susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by an Orthomyxoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031046 increased susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020946 increased susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by an Orthomyxoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031047 decreased susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020950 decreased susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Coronaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031048 increased susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020949 increased susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Coronaviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031049 decreased susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020953 decreased susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection decreased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Paramyxoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031050 increased susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020952 increased susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by a Paramyxoviridae infection or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120316 sperm flagellum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044458 motile cilium assembly The assembly and organization of the sperm flagellum, the microtubule-based axoneme and associated structures that are part of a sperm flagellum (or cilium). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009038 colon macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000235 macrophage A macrophage that is located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070060 quality of interaction of a substance with electromagnetic radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002198 quality of a substance A quality of a substance on which or through which electromagnetic radiation impinges or traverses with respect to radiation. This substance quality changes the quality of the incident radiation with respect to any of: intensity, direction, scatter and wavelength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021152 abnormal amyloid deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype any anomaly in the formation of extracellular amyloid deposits in tissues of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021138 abnormal multifidus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology any structural anomaly in the small, triangular muscular and tendinous bundles located on either side of the spinal column that fill the groove between the transverse and spinous processes of the vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021139 abnormal cardiac muscle calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020879 abnormal calcium level any anomaly in the amount of calcium in the heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021140 increased cardiac muscle calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021139 abnormal cardiac muscle calcium level increase in the amount of calcium in the heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021141 decreased cardiac muscle calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021139 abnormal cardiac muscle calcium level decrease in the amount of calcium in the heart muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021142 abnormal brain N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021145 abnormal amino acid derivative level any anomaly in the amount of the derivative of the amino acid aspartic acid in which the acyl group is acetyl and has the chemical formula C6H9NO5 in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021143 increased brain N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021142 abnormal brain N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid level an increase in the amount of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021144 decreased brain N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021142 abnormal brain N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid level a decrease in the amount of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid in the brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021145 abnormal amino acid derivative level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis any anomaly in the amount of a compound derived from an amino acid from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021146 AA amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000604 amyloidosis an accumulation of extracellular serum amyloid A deposits in tissues of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021147 renal amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000604 amyloidosis an accumulation of extracellular amyloid deposits in tissues of the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021148 cardiac amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000604 amyloidosis an accumulation of extracellular amyloid deposits in tissues of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021149 abnormal amyloid beta protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level any anomaly in the amount of the cleaved APP amyloid beta protein fragment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021150 increased amyloid beta protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021149 abnormal amyloid beta protein level increase in the amount of the cleaved APP amyloid beta protein fragment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021151 decreased amyloid beta protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021149 abnormal amyloid beta protein level decrease in the amount of the cleaved APP amyloid beta protein fragment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021153 decreased amyloid deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021152 abnormal amyloid deposition reduction in the formation of extracellular amyloid deposits in tissues of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021154 hepatic amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000604 amyloidosis an accumulation of extracellular amyloid deposits in tissues of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031426 increased sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002674 abnormal sperm motility increased mobility of the spermatozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031427 increased sperm progressive motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020450 abnormal sperm progressive motility increase in the ability of sperm to move in a more or less straight line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031428 lens dislocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020486 abnormal lens topology partial or complete displacement of the crystalline lens of the eye out of its normal position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031429 lens luxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031428 lens dislocation complete displacement of the crystalline lens of the eye out of its normal position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031430 lens subluxation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031428 lens dislocation partial displacement of the crystalline lens of the eye out of its normal position http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031431 increased spongiotrophoblast cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008959 abnormal spongiotrophoblast cell morphology increase in the number of trophoblast cells that arise in the junctional zone of the placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031432 cornea perforation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001312 abnormal cornea morphology a puncture or hole through the cornea stroma resulting from various diseases or trauma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023062 dentate gyrus neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002608 hippocampal neuron A neuron with its soma located in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600006 visceral striated muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600004 visceral muscle tissue A striated muscle tissue that is associated with soft internal organs (viscera). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033015 retinal astrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009004 retinal cell A star-shaped glial cell that is part of some retina. This cell links neurons to blood vessels and may provide structural and physiological support to optic nerve head axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4040002 enteroglial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Glial cell that provides support to the enteric nervous system. It is involved in enteric neurotransmission, in maintaining the integrity of the mucosal barrier of the gut and serves as a link between the nervous and immune systems of the gut. In enteric nerve strands, glial processes ensheath multiaxonal bundles which distinguishes enteric glia from all other peripheral glia. Ultrastructurally, the most conspicuous trait of an enteroglial cell is the presence of 10 nm filaments, which criss-cross the cell body, form axial bundles in the processes and appear to firmly anchor the cells to the ganglionic surfaces. Similar to astrocytes, their main constituent is glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014294 abnormal skeletal maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002113 abnormal skeleton development any anomaly in the series of characteristic changes in size, shape, and calcification occuring in the skeleton from fetal life until puberty that result in the skeleton reaching its full maturity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018143 transverse process of cervical vertebra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001077 transverse process of vertebra A transverse process that is part of a cervical vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003071 eye primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium Portion of tissue that is part of the anterior neural keel and will form the optic vesicle[ZFA]. A paired ectodermal placode that becomes invaginated to form the embryonic lens vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002583 subcutaneous preadipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A preadipocyte that is part of subcutaneous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099156 cell-cell signaling via exosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Cell-cell signaling in which the ligand is carried between cells by an exosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099157 trans-synaptic signaling via exosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099537 trans-synaptic signaling Transynaptic signaling in which the ligand is carried across the synapse by an exosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020438 decreased papilloma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010283 decreased classified tumor incidence fewer than the expected number of benign tumors consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic epithelial cells occurring in a specific population in a given time period http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020439 absent b-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature absence of the wave in the electroretinogram that reflects the health of the inner layers of the retina, including the ON bipolar cells and the Muller cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020440 abnormal front foot hair pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002075 abnormal coat/hair pigmentation an anomaly in the expected color gradient of hair covering the metacarpals and phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020441 rhegmatogenous retina detachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003099 retina detachment a retinal detachment resulting from a break in the retina that allows vitreal fluid to pass into and accumulate in the subretinal space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020442 serous retina detachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003099 retina detachment a retinal detachment resulting from accumulation of fluid between the retina and retinal pigment epithelium in the absence of a retinal tear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020443 tractional retina detachment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003099 retina detachment a retinal detachment caused by fibrous or fibrovascular tissue pulling the neuroretina away from the retinal pigment epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020461 superior semicircular canal dehiscence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005272 abnormal temporal bone morphology absence of part of the temporal bone overlying the superior semicircular canal facing toward the dura of the middle cranial fossa creating a third mobile window http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030427 abnormal neck muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology any structural anomaly of any skeletal muscle that is part of the cervical (neck) region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099177 regulation of trans-synaptic signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023051 regulation of signaling Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trans-synaptic signaling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099173 postsynapse organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099174 regulation of presynapse organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050807 regulation of synapse organization Any process that modulates the physical form of a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099185 postsynaptic intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045104 intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprised of intermediate filament and their associated proteins in the postsynaptic cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099187 presynaptic cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007010 cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures and their associated proteins in the presynaptic cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099188 postsynaptic cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007010 cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising cytoskeletal filaments and their associated proteins in the postsynaptic cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140146 calcium ion import into vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034486 vacuolar transmembrane transport The directed movement of calcium cations into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020526 enlarged thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020525 abnormal thalamus size increased size of the thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030544 abnormal enamel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002576 abnormal enamel morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the formation of dental enamel, the hard outer coating of the exposed portion of the tooth; amelogenesis occurs after the first establishment of dentin, via cells known as ameloblasts, and can generally be divided into two broad stages: (i) a secretory stage that involves proteins and an organic matrix forming a partially mineralized enamel and (ii) a maturation stage which completes enamel mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020577 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005216 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell morphology anomaly in the number of the cells of the pancreas that secrete glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020579 abnormal pancreatic delta cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005218 abnormal pancreatic delta cell morphology any anomaly in the number of the cells of the pancreas that secrete somatostatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020580 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009189 abnormal pancreatic epsilon cell morphology any anomaly in the number of the endocrine cells found in the Islets of Langerhans that produce the hormone ghrelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020845 abnormal DNA-templated transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any anomaly in the cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140253 cell-cell fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A cellular process in which two or more cells combine together, their plasma membrane fusing, producing a single cell. In some cases, nuclei fuse, producing a polyploid cell, while in other cases, nuclei remain separate, producing a syncytium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030689 cystathioninuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030684 increased cystathionine level excretion of excessive amounts of cystathionine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030597 abnormal liver manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030593 abnormal manganese level any anomaly in the amount of manganese present in liver tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030744 abnormal circulating homocitrulline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level aberrant concentration in the blood of homocitrulline, an amino acid and a metabolite of ornithine in mammalian metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030880 abnormal infrapatellar fat pad morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005334 abnormal fat pad morphology any structural anomaly of the partly adipose wedge-shaped mass formed in the anterior region of the knee that is intracapsular but extrasynovial (and thus extra-articular); it extends superiorly from the patella and alar folds to the tibia and infrapatellar bursa and is delimited anteriorly by the patellar ligament and joint capsule and posteriorly by the synovial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030861 abnormal triquetrum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000554 abnormal carpal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the bone in the proximal row of the carpus that has a pyramidal shape and that is situated between the lunate and pisiform bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030872 small cricoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002258 abnormal cricoid cartilage morphology size reduction of the most inferior of the laryngeal cartilages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030677 abnormal hydroxyproline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of hydroxyproline, a proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group; hydroxyproline is non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is a major component of collagen and plays a key role in the stability of the collagen triple helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030679 decreased hydroxyproline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030677 abnormal hydroxyproline level reduction in the amount of hydroxyproline, a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is a major component of collagen and plays a key role in the stability of the collagen triple helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0055004 decreased rate of occurrence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0050000 rate of occurence A rate of occurrence that is relatively low. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009039 colon goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001588 colon glandular cell A goblet cell that is located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009046 T cell of medullary sinus of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell found in the lymph node medullary sinus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009047 macrophage of medullary sinus of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000235 macrophage A macrophage found in the medullary sinus of the lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009048 anorectum macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000235 macrophage A macrophage that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009050 B cell of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000236 B cell A B cell that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009051 T cell of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 T cell A T cell that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009053 stromal cell of anorectum lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009021 stromal cell of lamina propria of large intestine A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009065 tuft cell of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002203 brush cell of epithelium proper of large intestine An intestinal tuft cell that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009066 stratified squamous epithelial cell of anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A stratified squamous epithelial cell that is part of the anal canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031449 abnormal nasal cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006429 abnormal hyaline cartilage morphology any structural abnormality of any of the cartilaginous elements formed from hyaline cartilage that provide form and support to the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021199 abnormal susceptibility to glomerulonephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology a change in the likelihood or extent of inflammation and scarring damage to the glomerulus usually resulting from an autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021200 decreased susceptibility to glomerulonephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021199 abnormal susceptibility to glomerulonephritis a diminished likelihood or extent of inflammation and scarring damage to the glomerulus usually resulting from an autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021201 increased susceptibility to glomerulonephritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021199 abnormal susceptibility to glomerulonephritis an increased likelihood or extent of inflammation and scarring damage to the glomerulus usually resulting from an autoimmune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021202 abnormal palatopharyngeus muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030224 abnormal soft palate muscle morphology any structural anomaly in the small muscle in the roof of the mouth that is a long, fleshy fasciculus that forms, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the palatopharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021203 abnormal palatine aponeurosis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003154 abnormal soft palate morphology any structural anomaly in the thin, firm fibrous lamella attached to the posterior border of the hard palate that serves as the insertion point for the tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini muscles and provides support for the soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021204 abnormal superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002253 abnormal pharyngeal muscle morphology any structural anomaly in the uppermost of the pharyngeal constrictors and is a quadrilateral muscle that is thinner and paler than the middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031450 nasal cartilage hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031449 abnormal nasal cartilage morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in any of the hyaline cartilaginous components of the nose, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031451 abnormal median sulcus of tongue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000762 abnormal tongue morphology any structural anomaly of the slight longitudinal depression on the dorsal surface of the tongue which extends from the tip of the tongue to the foramen cecum and divides the dorsum into right and left halves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031452 decreased neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013505 decreased embryonic tissue cell apoptosis decreased number of any population of neural crest cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031453 decreased cardiac neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031452 decreased neural crest cell apoptosis decreased number of cardiac neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031454 decreased cranial neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031452 decreased neural crest cell apoptosis decreased number of cranial neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031455 decreased trunk neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031452 decreased neural crest cell apoptosis decreased number of trunk neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031456 decreased vagal neural crest cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031452 decreased neural crest cell apoptosis decreased number of vagal neural crest cells (NCCs) undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031457 abnormal vomeronasal cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031449 abnormal nasal cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the narrow process of cartilage found between the vomer and the cartilage of the nasal septum; it lies below, but is not connected to, the rudimentary vomeronasal organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030029 blood lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000001 peripheral blood mononuclear cell A lymphocyte located in blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023063 medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron An interneuron that is derived from the medial ganglionic eminence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480025 skin of clavicle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000014 zone of skin A zone of skin that is above the clavicle zone in the pectoral girdle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033002 neuroendocrine cell of epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001516 intestinal enteroendocrine cell A(n) neuroendocrine cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000002 mitochondrial genome maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007005 mitochondrion organization The maintenance of the structure and integrity of the mitochondrial genome; includes replication and segregation of the mitochondrial chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000003 reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000011 vacuole inheritance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048308 organelle inheritance The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000012 single strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006281 DNA repair The repair of single strand breaks in DNA. Repair of such breaks is mediated by the same enzyme systems as are used in base excision repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000018 regulation of DNA recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination, a DNA metabolic process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000035 acyl binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to an acyl group, any group formally derived by removal of the hydroxyl group from the acid function of a carboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000041 transition metal ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030001 metal ion transport The directed movement of transition metal ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000045 autophagosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905037 autophagosome organization The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000052 citrulline metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170041 non-proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000070 mitotic sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000075 cell cycle checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901988 negative regulation of cell cycle phase transition A signaling process that controls cell cycle progression by monitoring the integrity of specific cell cycle events. A cell cycle checkpoint begins with detection of deficiencies or defects and ends with signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000086 G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044839 cell cycle G2/M phase transition The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000139 Golgi membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098588 bounding membrane of organelle The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000166 nucleotide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901363 heterocyclic compound binding Binding to a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007017 microtubule-based process A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000228 nuclear chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005694 chromosome A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000262 mitochondrial chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005694 chromosome A chromosome found in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000266 mitochondrial fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048285 organelle fission The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000271 polysaccharide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016051 carbohydrate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000272 polysaccharide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016052 carbohydrate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000278 mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007049 cell cycle Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000280 nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048285 organelle fission The division of a cell nucleus into two nuclei, with DNA and other nuclear contents distributed between the daughter nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000281 mitotic cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000295 adenine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015216 purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of adenine nucleotides (AMP, ADP, and ATP) from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000313 organellar ribosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005840 ribosome A ribosome contained within a subcellular membrane-bounded organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000323 lytic vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005773 vacuole A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000422 autophagy of mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly The autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to a type of vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000578 embryonic axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009880 embryonic pattern specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or a point in an embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000731 DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071897 DNA biosynthetic process Synthesis of DNA that proceeds from the broken 3' single-strand DNA end and uses the homologous intact duplex as the template. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000740 nuclear membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071763 nuclear membrane organization The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000741 karyogamy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048284 organelle fusion The creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000768 syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006949 syncytium formation The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000781 chromosome, telomeric region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098687 chromosomal region The end of a linear chromosome, required for the integrity and maintenance of the end. A chromosome telomere usually includes a region of telomerase-encoded repeats the length of which rarely exceeds 20 bp each and that permits the formation of a telomeric loop (T-loop). The telomeric repeat region is usually preceded by a sub-telomeric region that is gene-poor but rich in repetitive elements. Some telomeres only consist of the latter part (for eg. D. melanogaster telomeres). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000785 chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032993 protein-DNA complex The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000791 euchromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000785 chromatin A dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin that is in a transcription-competent conformation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000792 heterochromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000785 chromatin A compact and highly condensed form of chromatin that is refractory to transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000793 condensed chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005694 chromosome A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000794 condensed nuclear chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000793 condensed chromosome A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct nuclear chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000795 synaptonemal complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099086 synaptonemal structure A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. It consists of 2 lateral elements and a central element, all running parallel to each other. Transverse filaments connect the lateral elements to the central element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000819 sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098813 nuclear chromosome segregation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000820 regulation of glutamine family amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006521 regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000902 cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The developmental process in which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000910 cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process The division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane of a cell and its partitioning into two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000917 division septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090529 cell septum assembly The assembly and arrangement of a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. The progeny cells that form a division septum are not able to exchange intracellular material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000959 mitochondrial RNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016070 RNA metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA transcribed from the mitochondrial genome and occurring in the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001101 response to acid chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by the chemical structure of the anion portion of a dissociated acid (rather than the acid acting as a proton donor). The acid chemical may be in gaseous, liquid or solid form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001501 skeletal system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001503 ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001504 neurotransmitter uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098657 import into cell The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001508 action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042391 regulation of membrane potential A process in which membrane potential cycles through a depolarizing spike, triggered in response to depolarization above some threshold, followed by repolarization. This cycle is driven by the flow of ions through various voltage gated channels with different thresholds and ion specificities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001520 outer dense fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099513 polymeric cytoskeletal fiber A supramolecular fiber found in the flagella of mammalian sperm that surrounds the nine microtubule doublets. These dense fibers are stiff and noncontractile. In human, they consist of about 10 major and at least 15 minor proteins, where all major proteins are ODF1, ODF2 or ODF2-related proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001523 retinoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016101 diterpenoid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001525 angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001533 cornified envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886 plasma membrane A type of plasma membrane that has been modified through addition of distinct intracellular and extracellular components, including ceramide, found in cornifying epithelial cells (corneocytes). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001534 radial spoke http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex Protein complex that links the outer microtubule doublet of a 9+2 type ciliary or flagellar axoneme with the sheath that surrounds the central pair of microtubules. Composed of a stalk that attaches to each doublet microtubule and a globular structure (spoke head) that projects toward the central pair of microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001539 cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048870 cell motility Cell motility due to movement of eukaryotic cilia or bacterial-type flagella or archaeal-type flagella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001541 ovarian follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovarian follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001542 ovulation from ovarian follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030728 ovulation The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte into the oviduct. An example of this is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001545 primary ovarian follicle growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth Increase in size of primary follicles including oocyte growth and granulosa and/or theca cell proliferation until more than one layer of granulosa cells is present (preantral follicle). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001546 preantral ovarian follicle growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth Increase in size of follicles surrounded by two or more layers of granulosa cells up to the onset of antrum formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001547 antral ovarian follicle growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth Increase in size of antral follicles due to cell proliferation and/or growth of the antral cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001550 ovarian cumulus expansion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth Increase in size of the cumulus surrounding the oocyte including change in morphology due to proliferation and dispersion of cumulus cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001553 luteinization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022602 ovulation cycle process The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001555 oocyte growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048588 developmental cell growth The developmental growth process in which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001556 oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an oocyte to attain its fully functional state. Oocyte maturation commences after reinitiation of meiosis commonly starting with germinal vesicle breakdown, and continues up to the second meiotic arrest prior to fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001558 regulation of cell growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001568 blood vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001569 branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048754 branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube The process of coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001570 vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001578 microtubule bundle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001580 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050912 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001581 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sour taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050912 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste The series of events required for a sour taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001582 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sweet taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050912 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste The series of events required for a sweet taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001583 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of salty taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050912 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste The series of events required for a salty taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001609 G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with adenosine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001614 purinergic nucleotide receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016502 nucleotide receptor activity Combining with a purine nucleotide and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001621 G protein-coupled ADP receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with ADP and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001649 osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001653 peptide receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity Combining with an extracellular or intracellular peptide to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001654 eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007423 sensory organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The eye is the organ of sight. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001655 urogenital system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the urogenital system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001656 metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001822 kidney development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001657 ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072164 mesonephric tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureteric bud over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001658 branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048754 branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001659 temperature homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048871 multicellular organismal-level homeostasis A homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001664 G protein-coupled receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005102 signaling receptor binding Binding to a G protein-coupled receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001666 response to hypoxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036293 response to decreased oxygen levels Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001669 acrosomal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001673 male germ cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043073 germ cell nucleus The nucleus of a male germ cell, a reproductive cell in males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001674 female germ cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043073 germ cell nucleus The nucleus of the female germ cell, a reproductive cell in females. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001675 acrosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070925 organelle assembly The formation of the acrosome from the spermatid Golgi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001677 formation of translation initiation ternary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022618 protein-RNA complex assembly Formation of a complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001678 intracellular glucose homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of glucose within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001692 histamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097164 ammonium ion metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001694 histamine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042401 biogenic amine biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001695 histamine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042402 cellular biogenic amine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001696 gastric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046717 acid secretion The regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001700 embryonic development via the syncytial blastoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009792 embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through syncytial blastoderm to the hatching of the first instar larva. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001701 in utero embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043009 chordate embryonic development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001702 gastrulation with mouth forming second http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007369 gastrulation A gastrulation process in which the initial invagination becomes the anus and the mouth forms second. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001704 formation of primary germ layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm during gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001705 ectoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001704 formation of primary germ layer The formation of ectoderm during gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001706 endoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001704 formation of primary germ layer The formation of the endoderm during gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001707 mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001704 formation of primary germ layer The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001708 cell fate specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process The cellular developmental process involved in cell fate commitment in which the cell is designated to follow a developmental path, unless they receive extrinsic cues that direct an alternative fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001738 morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of a polarized epithelium are generated and organized. A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001743 lens placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The initial developmental process that will lead to the formation of an eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001745 compound eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048592 eye morphogenesis The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of the compound eye are generated and organized. The adult compound eye is a precise assembly of 700-800 ommatidia. Each ommatidium is composed of 20 cells, identified by cell type and position. An example of compound eye morphogenesis is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001750 photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains a stack of membrane discs embedded with photoreceptor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001751 compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001754 eye photoreceptor cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an eye photoreceptor cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001754 eye photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046530 photoreceptor cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, as found in the eye, the primary visual organ of most organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001755 neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090497 mesenchymal cell migration The characteristic movement of cells from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube to a variety of locations in a vertebrate embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001756 somitogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001763 morphogenesis of a branching structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001764 neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The characteristic movement of an immature neuron from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001767 establishment of lymphocyte polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030010 establishment of cell polarity The directed orientation of lymphocyte signaling molecules and associated membrane rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with an appropriate activating cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001768 establishment of T cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001767 establishment of lymphocyte polarity The directed orientation of T cell signaling molecules and associated membrane rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with antigen presenting cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001769 establishment of B cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001767 establishment of lymphocyte polarity The directed orientation of B cell signaling molecules and associated membrane rafts towards a chemokine gradient of a contact point with an antigen displaying cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001773 myeloid dendritic cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002274 myeloid leukocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001774 microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061900 glial cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process A multicellular organismal process by which exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand results in a change in the morphology or behavior of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001776 leukocyte homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048872 homeostasis of number of cells The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of cells of the immune system such that the total number of cells of a particular cell type within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001777 T cell homeostatic proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042098 T cell proliferation The non-specific expansion of T cell populations within a whole or part of an organism to reach to a total number of T cells which will then remain stable over time in the absence of an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001779 natural killer cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030101 natural killer cell activation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a natural killer cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001780 neutrophil homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of neutrophils such that the total number of neutrophils within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001781 neutrophil apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071887 leukocyte apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a neutrophil, any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001782 B cell homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002260 lymphocyte homeostasis The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of B cells such that the total number of B cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001783 B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070227 lymphocyte apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a B cell, a lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and capable of B cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001802 type III hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016064 immunoglobulin mediated immune response An inflammatory response resulting from recognition of immune complexes via complement or Fc receptors on effector cells leading to activation of neutrophils and other leukocytes and damage to bystander tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001803 regulation of type III hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002889 regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001804 negative regulation of type III hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002890 negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001805 positive regulation of type III hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002891 positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001806 type IV hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002524 hypersensitivity An inflammatory response driven by T cell recognition of processed soluble or cell-associated antigens leading to cytokine release and leukocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001807 regulation of type IV hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002883 regulation of hypersensitivity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001808 negative regulation of type IV hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002884 negative regulation of hypersensitivity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001809 positive regulation of type IV hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002885 positive regulation of hypersensitivity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001810 regulation of type I hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002889 regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001811 negative regulation of type I hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002890 negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001812 positive regulation of type I hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002891 positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001816 cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001817 regulation of cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a cytokine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001818 negative regulation of cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of production of a cytokine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001819 positive regulation of cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010628 positive regulation of gene expression Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of production of a cytokine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001820 serotonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023061 signal release The regulated release of serotonin by a cell. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine synthesised in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract and some immune system cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001821 histamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051608 histamine transport The regulated release of histamine by a cell or tissue. It is formed by decarboxylation of histidine and it acts through receptors in smooth muscle and in secretory systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001822 kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001823 mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001822 kidney development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the mesonephros is the second of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the mesonephros will form the mature kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001824 blastocyst development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001825 blastocyst formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The initial formation of a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001826 inner cell mass cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an inner cell mass cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001829 trophectodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a trophectoderm cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001831 trophectodermal cellular morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The morphogenesis of trophectoderm cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001832 blastocyst growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth An increase in size of a blastocyst due to expansion of the blastocoelic cavity cell shape changes and cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001833 inner cell mass cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The proliferation of cells in the inner cell mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001834 trophectodermal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The proliferation of cells in the trophectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001835 blastocyst hatching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035188 hatching The hatching of the cellular blastocyst from the zona pellucida. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001837 epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001838 embryonic epithelial tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072175 epithelial tube formation The morphogenesis of an embryonic epithelium into a tube-shaped structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001839 neural plate morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016331 morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of the neural plate are generated and organized. The neural plate is a specialized region of columnar epithelial cells in the dorsal ectoderm that will give rise to nervous system tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001840 neural plate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural plate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neural plate is a flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001841 neural tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001838 embryonic epithelial tube formation The formation of a tube from the flat layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. This will give rise to the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001842 neural fold formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060571 morphogenesis of an epithelial fold The process in which the neural fold is formed. The edges of the neural plate thicken and move up to form a U-shaped structure called the neural groove. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001843 neural tube closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060606 tube closure The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001873 polysaccharide immune receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038187 pattern recognition receptor activity Combining with a polysaccharide and transmitting the signal to initiate an innate immune response. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001878 response to yeast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009620 response to fungus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001880 Mullerian duct regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060033 anatomical structure regression The process in which the Mullerian ducts, primordia of the oviducts, uterus and upper vagina, undergo regression in male embryos. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001882 nucleoside binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901363 heterocyclic compound binding Binding to a nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001883 purine nucleoside binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001882 nucleoside binding Binding to a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001885 endothelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002064 epithelial cell development The progression of an endothelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001886 endothelial cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003382 epithelial cell morphogenesis The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs during the differentiation of an endothelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001889 liver development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001890 placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001892 embryonic placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048568 embryonic organ development The embryonically driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001893 maternal placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060135 maternal process involved in female pregnancy Maternally driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001894 tissue homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060249 anatomical structure homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within a defined tissue of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001906 cell killing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any process in an organism that results in the killing of its own cells or those of another organism, including in some cases the death of the other organism. Killing here refers to the induction of death in one cell by another cell, not cell-autonomous death due to internal or other environmental conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001909 leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity The directed killing of a target cell by a leukocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001910 regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031341 regulation of cell killing Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001911 negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031342 negative regulation of cell killing Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001912 positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031343 positive regulation of cell killing Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001913 T cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002456 T cell mediated immunity The directed killing of a target cell by a T cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001914 regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002709 regulation of T cell mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001915 negative regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002710 negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of T cell mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001916 positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002711 positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001917 photoreceptor inner segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001932 regulation of protein phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042325 regulation of phosphorylation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into an amino acid in a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001933 negative regulation of protein phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042326 negative regulation of phosphorylation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042327 positive regulation of phosphorylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001935 endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of endothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Endothelial cells are thin flattened cells which line the inside surfaces of body cavities, blood vessels, and lymph vessels, making up the endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001936 regulation of endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of endothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001937 negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050680 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001938 positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050679 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001940 male pronucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045120 pronucleus The pronucleus originating from the spermatozoa that was involved in fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001941 postsynaptic membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynaptic membrane, the specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001942 hair follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hair follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A hair follicle is a tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001944 vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The vasculature is an interconnected tubular multi-tissue structure that contains fluid that is actively transported around the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001945 lymph vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lymph vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001946 lymphangiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis Lymph vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001947 heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003143 embryonic heart tube morphogenesis The tube morphogenesis process in which the primitive heart tube loops asymmetrically. This looping brings the primitive heart chambers into alignment preceding their future integration. Heart looping begins with dextral-looping and ends when the main regional divisions of the mature heart and primordium of the great arterial trunks become established preceeding septation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001949 sebaceous gland cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009913 epidermal cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized epidermal cell acquires the specialized features of a sebaceous gland cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001951 intestinal D-glucose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106001 intestinal hexose absorption Uptake of D-glucose into the blood by absorption from the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001955 blood vessel maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a blood vessel to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001956 positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903532 positive regulation of secretion by cell Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001957 intramembranous ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036072 direct ossification Direct ossification that occurs within mesenchyme or an accumulation of relatively unspecialized cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001958 endochondral ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036075 replacement ossification Replacement ossification wherein bone tissue replaces cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001959 regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060759 regulation of response to cytokine stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokine mediated signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001960 negative regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060761 negative regulation of response to cytokine stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokine mediated signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001961 positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060760 positive regulation of response to cytokine stimulus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cytokine mediated signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001963 synaptic transmission, dopaminergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission The vesicular release of dopamine. from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of dopamine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001964 startle response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050905 neuromuscular process An action or movement due to the application of a sudden unexpected stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001973 G protein-coupled adenosine receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035588 G protein-coupled purinergic receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a receptor binding to extracellular adenosine and transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001974 blood vessel remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048771 tissue remodeling The reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001976 nervous system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process The regulation of blood pressure mediated by detection of stimuli and a neurological response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001977 renal system process involved in regulation of blood volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003071 renal system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure A slow mechanism of blood pressure regulation that responds to changes in pressure resulting from fluid and salt intake by modulating the quantity of blood in the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001979 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by chemoreceptor signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001976 nervous system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure The process that modulates blood pressure by the action of chemoreceptors found in the carotid and aortic bodies and their resultant modulation of the vasomotor center. Chemoreceptors respond to oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001990 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050886 endocrine process The process in which hormones modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001991 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by circulatory renin-angiotensin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003081 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin The process in which angiotensinogen metabolites in the bloodstream modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. The process begins when renin is released and cleaves angiotensinogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001992 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by vasopressin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001990 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone The regulation of blood pressure mediated by the signaling molecule vasopressin. Vasopressin is produced in the hypothalamus, and affects vasoconstriction, and renal water transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001999 renal response to blood flow involved in circulatory renin-angiotensin regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003071 renal system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure The physiological response of the kidneys to a decrease in blood flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002001 renin secretion into blood stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023061 signal release The regulated release of renin into the blood stream by juxtoglomerular cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002007 detection of hypoxic conditions in blood by chemoreceptor signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009593 detection of chemical stimulus The process in which information about a lack of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and the aortic bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002011 morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of an epithelial sheet are generated and organized. An epithelial sheet is a flat surface consisting of closely packed epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002027 regulation of heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008016 regulation of heart contraction Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002028 regulation of sodium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010959 regulation of metal ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002036 regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010958 regulation of amino acid import across plasma membrane Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate import into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002037 negative regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034763 negative regulation of transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate import into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002038 positive regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034764 positive regulation of transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate import into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002052 positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000179 positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate of neuroblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002053 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010464 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation The process of activating or increasing the rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. Mesenchymal cells are loosely organized embryonic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002054 nucleobase binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901363 heterocyclic compound binding Binding to a nucleobase, any of a class of pyrmidines or purines, organic nitrogenous bases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002055 adenine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002060 purine nucleobase binding Binding to adenine, a purine base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002060 purine nucleobase binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002054 nucleobase binding Binding to a purine nucleobase, an organic nitrogenous base with a purine skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002062 chondrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002063 chondrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chondrocyte over time, from its commitment to its mature state. Chondrocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a chondroblast to a chondrocyte fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002064 epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002065 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002066 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002064 epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002067 glandular epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002065 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glandular epithelial cell. A glandular epithelial cell is a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface exposed to the lumen of a gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002068 glandular epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002066 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glandular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A glandular epithelial cell is a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface exposed to the lumen of a gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002069 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002070 epithelial cell maturation The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a columna/cuboidal epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002070 epithelial cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002071 glandular epithelial cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002069 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell maturation The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a glandular epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. A glandular epithelial cell is a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface exposed to the lumen of a gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002072 optic cup morphogenesis involved in camera-type eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016331 morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium The invagination of the optic vesicle to form two-walled indentations, the optic cups, that will go on to form the retina. This process begins with the optic vesicle becoming a two-walled structure and its subsequent shape changes. It does not include the fate commitment of cells to become the pigmented retina and the neural retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002074 extraocular skeletal muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060538 skeletal muscle organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the extraocular skeletal muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The extraocular muscle is derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002076 osteoblast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an osteoblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Osteoblast development does not include the steps involved in committing a cranial neural crest cell or an osteoprogenitor cell to an osteoblast fate. An osteoblast is a cell that gives rise to bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002078 membrane fusion involved in acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061025 membrane fusion The fusion of the plasma membrane of the sperm with the outer acrosomal membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002080 acrosomal membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030667 secretory granule membrane The membrane that surrounds the acrosomal lumen. The acrosome is a special type of lysosome in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002082 regulation of oxidative phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903715 regulation of aerobic respiration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002085 inhibition of neuroepithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048505 regulation of timing of cell differentiation Any process that prevents the activation of neuroepithelial cell differentiation. Neuroepithelial cell differentiation is the process in which epiblast cells acquire specialized features of neuroepithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002087 regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange by nervous system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process A process carried out by the nervous system that is required for the proper control of respiratory gaseous exchange. This process occurs in the respiratory center of the brain in vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002088 lens development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lens over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002089 lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002093 auditory receptor cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation Any process that alters the size or shape of an auditory receptor cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002119 nematode larval development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002164 larval development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002158 osteoclast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070661 leukocyte proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002164 larval development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009791 post-embryonic development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The larva is the early, immature form of an that at birth or hatching is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose before assuming the adult characters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002176 male germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036093 germ cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of male germ cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002177 manchette http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A tubular array of microtubules that extends from the perinuclear ring surrounding the spermatid nucleus to the flagellar axoneme. The manchette may also contain F-actin filaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002181 cytoplasmic translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 translation The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002182 cytoplasmic translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006414 translational elongation The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002183 cytoplasmic translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006413 translational initiation The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002184 cytoplasmic translational termination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006415 translational termination The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in the cytoplasm, usually in response to a termination codon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002185 creatine kinase complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061695 transferase complex, transferring phosphorus-containing groups A protein complex having creatine kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002187 mitochondrial creatine kinase complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002185 creatine kinase complex An octomeric protein complex having creatine kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002200 somatic diversification of immune receptors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process The somatic process allowing for the production of immune receptors whose specificity is not encoded in the germline genomic sequences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002204 somatic recombination of immunoglobulin genes involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016447 somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments The process in which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, also known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus following the induction of and contributing to an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002208 somatic diversification of immunoglobulins involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016445 somatic diversification of immunoglobulins The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of immunoglobulins after induction, and contributes to an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002213 defense response to insect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006952 defense response A response to protect an organism from a directly detected or perceived external threat from an insect or insects to that organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002215 defense response to nematode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006952 defense response A response to protect an organism from a directly detected or perceived external threat from a nematode or nematodes, which results in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002225 positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002784 regulation of antimicrobial peptide production Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002228 natural killer cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045087 innate immune response The promotion of an immune response by natural killer cells through direct recognition of target cells or through the release of cytokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002232 leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030595 leukocyte chemotaxis The movement of an immune cell in response to an external stimulus contributing to an inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002233 leukocyte chemotaxis involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030595 leukocyte chemotaxis The movement of an immune cell in response to an external stimulus a part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002244 hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hematopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002246 wound healing involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042060 wound healing The series of events that restore integrity to damaged tissue that contribute to an inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002249 lymphocyte anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002507 tolerance induction Any process contributing to lymphocyte anergy, a state of functional inactivation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002250 adaptive immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response An immune response mediated by cells expressing specific receptors for antigens produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for an enhanced secondary response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002251 organ or tissue specific immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response An immune response taking place in an organ or tissues such as the liver, brain, mucosa, or nervous system tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002252 immune effector process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process Any process of the immune system that executes a component of an immune response. An effector immune process takes place after its activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002253 activation of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050778 positive regulation of immune response Any process that initiates an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002260 lymphocyte homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001776 leukocyte homeostasis The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of lymphocytes such that the total number of lymphocytes within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048872 homeostasis of number of cells The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of myeloid cells such that the total number of myeloid cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002263 cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002252 immune effector process A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002264 endothelial cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042118 endothelial cell activation A change in the morphology or behavior of an endothelial cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002265 astrocyte activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048143 astrocyte activation A change in the morphology or behavior of an astrocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002269 leukocyte activation involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045321 leukocyte activation A change in the morphology or behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002274 myeloid leukocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045321 leukocyte activation A change in the morphology or behavior of a myeloid leukocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002275 myeloid cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002366 leukocyte activation involved in immune response A change in the morphology or behavior of a myeloid cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002277 myeloid dendritic cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002275 myeloid cell activation involved in immune response The change in morphology and behavior of a myeloid dendritic cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002279 mast cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045576 mast cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002280 monocyte activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042117 monocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a monocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002281 macrophage activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042116 macrophage activation A change in morphology and behavior of a macrophage resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002282 microglial cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002281 macrophage activation involved in immune response The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002283 neutrophil activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042119 neutrophil activation The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002284 myeloid dendritic cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043011 myeloid dendritic cell differentiation The process in which an immature myeloid dendritic cell acquires the specialized features of a mature myeloid dendritic cell as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002285 lymphocyte activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046649 lymphocyte activation A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002286 T cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110 T cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002287 alpha-beta T cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046631 alpha-beta T cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002290 gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046629 gamma-delta T cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a gamma-delta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002292 T cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030217 T cell differentiation The process in which an antigenically naive T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002293 alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046632 alpha-beta T cell differentiation The process in which an antigenically naive alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell during an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002294 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043367 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation The process in which an antigenically naive CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002302 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043374 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation The process in which an antigenically naive CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002303 gamma-delta T cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042492 gamma-delta T cell differentiation The process in which an antigenically naive gamma-delta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell and contributes to an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002309 T cell proliferation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042098 T cell proliferation The expansion of a T cell population by cell division as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002312 B cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042113 B cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell during an immune response, resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002313 mature B cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002335 mature B cell differentiation The process in which a naive B cell acquires the specialized features of a mature or memory B cell during an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002314 germinal center B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002313 mature B cell differentiation involved in immune response The process in which a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a germinal center B cell. Germinal center B cells are rapidly cycling B cells which have downregulated IgD expression and exhibit high levels of binding by peanut agglutinin (PNA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002315 marginal zone B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002313 mature B cell differentiation involved in immune response The process in which a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a marginal zone B cell. Marginal zone B cells are localized in a distinct anatomical region of the spleen that represents the major antigen-filtering and scavenging area (by specialized macrophages resident there). It appears that they are preselected to express a BCR repertoire similar to B-1 B cells, biased toward bacterial cell wall constituents and senescent self-components (such as oxidized LDL). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002316 follicular B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002313 mature B cell differentiation involved in immune response The process in which a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a follicular B cell. Follicular B cells are major population of mature recirculating B cells in the spleen and are located in the B-cell follicle region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002317 plasma cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002313 mature B cell differentiation involved in immune response The process in which a B cell acquires the specialized features of a plasma cell. A plasma cell is a lymphocyte which develops from a B cell and produces high amounts of antibody. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002318 myeloid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002244 hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a myeloid progenitor cell. Myeloid progenitor cells include progenitor cells for any of the myeloid lineages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002319 memory B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090715 immunological memory formation process The process in which a B cell acquires the specialized features of a memory B cell. Memory B cells are cells that can respond rapidly to antigen re-exposure by production of high-affinity antibody. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002320 lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002244 hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a lymphoid progenitor cell. Lymphoid progenitor cells include progenitor cells for any of the lymphoid lineages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002322 B cell proliferation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042100 B cell proliferation The expansion of a B cell population by cell division following B cell activation during an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002323 natural killer cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030101 natural killer cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell resulting from exposure a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002325 natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002323 natural killer cell activation involved in immune response The process in which a naive natural killer cell acquires the specialized features of an effector natural killer T cell as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002327 immature B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030183 B cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of an immature B cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002328 pro-B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002320 lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a pro-B cell. Pro-B cells are the earliest stage of the B cell lineage and undergo heavy chain D and J gene rearrangements, although they are not fully committed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002329 pre-B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002327 immature B cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a pre-B cell. Pre-B cells follow the pro-B cell stage of immature B cell differentiation and undergo rearrangement of heavy chain V, D, and J gene segments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002332 transitional stage B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002327 immature B cell differentiation The process in which immature B cells from the bone marrow become mature B cells in the spleen. Transitional stage B cells are subdivided into transitional one (T1) and transitional two (T2) stages and are short-lived and functionally incompetent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002335 mature B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030183 B cell differentiation The process in which transitional stage B cells acquire the specialized features of mature B cells in the spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002339 B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process The process dependent upon B cell antigen receptor signaling in response to self or foreign antigen through which B cells are selected for survival. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002340 central B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002339 B cell selection Any B cell selection process that occurs in the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002341 central B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002515 B cell anergy Any process contributing to anergy, a state of functional inactivation that occurs as part of tolerance induction, in B cells in the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002343 peripheral B cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002339 B cell selection Any B cell selection process that occurs in the periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002344 B cell affinity maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002343 peripheral B cell selection The process in which B cells produce antibodies with increased antigen affinity. This is accomplished by somatic hypermutation and selection for B cells which produce higher affinity antibodies to antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002346 B cell positive selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002339 B cell selection Any process in which B cells are selected to survive based on signaling through the B cell antigen receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002349 histamine production involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002532 production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response The synthesis or release of histamine following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002351 serotonin production involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002532 production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response The synthesis or release of serotonin following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002352 B cell negative selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002339 B cell selection Any process leading to negative selection in B cells. Mechanisms of negative selection include anergy and deletion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002358 B cell homeostatic proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042100 B cell proliferation The non-specific expansion of B cell populations within a whole or part of an organism to reach to a total number of B cells which will then remain stable over time in the absence of an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002366 leukocyte activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045321 leukocyte activation A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002367 cytokine production involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002440 production of molecular mediator of immune response The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus contributing to an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002368 B cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019724 B cell mediated immunity Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a B cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002369 T cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002456 T cell mediated immunity Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002371 dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a dendritic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002372 myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061082 myeloid leukocyte cytokine production Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a myeloid dendritic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002377 immunoglobulin production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002440 production of molecular mediator of immune response The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002381 immunoglobulin production involved in immunoglobulin-mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002377 immunoglobulin production The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus during an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002384 hepatic immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002251 organ or tissue specific immune response An immune response taking place in the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002387 immune response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response Immune response taking place in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). GALT includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002388 immune response in Peyer's patch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002387 immune response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue Immune response taking place in the Peyer's patch, nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002395 immune response in nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002387 immune response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue An immune response taking place in the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT). NALT includes the tonsils and adenoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002396 MHC protein complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065003 protein-containing complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002397 MHC class I protein complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002396 MHC protein complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002399 MHC class II protein complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002396 MHC protein complex assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class II protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002407 dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036336 dendritic cell migration The movement of a dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002408 myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097529 myeloid leukocyte migration The movement of a myeloid dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002409 Langerhans cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002408 myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis The movement of a Langerhans cell in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002437 inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response An inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus, which can be include any number of T cell or B cell epitopes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002438 acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002526 acute inflammatory response An acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002440 production of molecular mediator of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010467 gene expression The synthesis or release of any molecular mediator of the immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002441 histamine secretion involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046879 hormone secretion The regulated release of histamine by a cell as part of an inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002442 serotonin secretion involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001820 serotonin secretion The regulated release of serotonin by a cell as part of an inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002252 immune effector process Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a leukocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002444 myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a myeloid leukocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002445 type II hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016064 immunoglobulin mediated immune response An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis, cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell, or mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002446 neutrophil mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002444 myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a neutrophil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002448 mast cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002444 myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a mast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002449 lymphocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002443 leukocyte mediated immunity Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a lymphocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002450 B cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process in which a B cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002451 peripheral B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019724 B cell mediated immunity Tolerance induction of mature B cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: the blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002452 B cell receptor editing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016447 somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments The process of replacing receptors on B cells, in which RAG gene expression allows continued light-chain gene rearrangement and expression of a new light change which combines with the previous heavy chain to form a new receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002453 peripheral B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002515 B cell anergy Any process contributing to anergy, a state of functional inactivation that occurs as part of tolerance induction, in peripheral B cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002455 humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016064 immunoglobulin mediated immune response An immune response dependent upon secreted immunoglobulin. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002456 T cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002460 adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002457 T cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process in which a T cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002460 adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002250 adaptive immune response An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains. Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies) produced by B cells. The first encounter with antigen elicits a primary immune response that is slow and not of great magnitude. T and B cells selected by antigen become activated and undergo clonal expansion. A fraction of antigen-reactive T and B cells become memory cells, whereas others differentiate into effector cells. The memory cells generated during the primary response enable a much faster and stronger secondary immune response upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). An example of this is the adaptive immune response found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002461 tolerance induction dependent upon immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002507 tolerance induction Tolerance induction dependent upon an immune response, typically a response by a mature T or B cell in the periphery resulting tolerance towards an antigen via induction of anergy, cellular deletion, or regulatory T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002465 peripheral tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002461 tolerance induction dependent upon immune response Tolerance induction in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002467 germinal center formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process in which germinal centers form. A germinal center is a specialized microenvironment formed when activated B cells enter lymphoid follicles. Germinal centers are the foci for B cell proliferation and somatic hypermutation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002468 dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process in which a dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002469 myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002468 dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation The process in which a myeloid dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002471 monocyte antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process in which a monocyte expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002472 macrophage antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process in which a macrophage expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002474 antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048002 antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002495 antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048002 antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002496 proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051603 proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein contributing to antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002500 proteolysis within lysosome associated with antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002496 proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein by lysosomal resident proteases contributing to antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002504 antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002507 tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process A process that directly activates any of the steps required for tolerance, a physiologic state in which the immune system does not react destructively against the components of an organism that harbors it or against antigens that are introduced to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002508 central tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002507 tolerance induction Tolerance induction in the central lymphoid organs: the thymus and bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002510 central B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002514 B cell tolerance induction Tolerance induction of B cells in the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002514 B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002507 tolerance induction A process involving any mechanism for tolerance induction in B cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002515 B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002514 B cell tolerance induction Any process contributing to anergy in B cells, a state of functional inactivation which is part of B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002516 B cell deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902742 apoptotic process involved in development The apoptotic death of B cells which is part of B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002517 T cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002507 tolerance induction A process involving any mechanism for tolerance induction in T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002520 immune system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system whose objective is to provide calibrated responses by an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat, over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002521 leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a leukocyte. A leukocyte is an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002522 leukocyte migration involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002523 leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body contributing to an inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002524 hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002438 acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus An inflammatory response to an exogenous environmental antigen or an endogenous antigen initiated by the adaptive immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002526 acute inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 inflammatory response Inflammation which comprises a rapid, short-lived, relatively uniform response to acute injury or antigenic challenge and is characterized by accumulations of fluid, plasma proteins, and granulocytic leukocytes. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002527 vasodilation involved in acute inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042311 vasodilation An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure contributing to an acute inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002532 production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The synthesis or release of any molecular mediator of the inflammatory response following an inflammatory stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002534 cytokine production involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002532 production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response The synthesis or release of a cytokine following a inflammatory stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002544 chronic inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 inflammatory response Inflammation of prolonged duration (weeks or months) in which active inflammation, tissue destruction, and attempts at repair are proceeding simultaneously. Although it may follow acute inflammation, chronic inflammation frequently begins insidiously, as a low-grade, smoldering, often asymptomatic response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002548 monocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097529 myeloid leukocyte migration The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002554 serotonin secretion by platelet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140029 exocytic process The regulated release of serotonin by a platelet or group of platelets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002555 histamine secretion by platelet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140029 exocytic process The regulated release of histamine by a platelet or group of platelets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002562 somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016444 somatic cell DNA recombination The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through recombination of the germline genetic elements within a single genetic locus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002566 somatic diversification of immune receptors via somatic mutation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002200 somatic diversification of immune receptors The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through somatic mutation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002568 somatic diversification of T cell receptor genes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002200 somatic diversification of immune receptors The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of T cell receptor genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002572 pro-T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002320 lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a pro-T cell. Pro-T cells are the earliest stage of the T cell lineage but are not fully committed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002573 myeloid leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030099 myeloid cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of any cell of the myeloid leukocyte lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002574 thrombocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030099 myeloid cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a thrombocyte, a nucleated cell found in all vertebrates but mammals involved in hemostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002576 platelet degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045055 regulated exocytosis The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine and serotonin by a platelet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002577 regulation of antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002682 regulation of immune system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002578 negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002683 negative regulation of immune system process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002579 positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002684 positive regulation of immune system process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002580 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002577 regulation of antigen processing and presentation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) via MHC class II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002581 negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002580 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) via MHC class II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002582 positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002580 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) via MHC class II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002583 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002577 regulation of antigen processing and presentation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002584 negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002583 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002585 positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002583 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002586 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002583 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002587 negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002586 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002588 positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002586 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002589 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002583 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002590 negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002589 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002591 positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002589 regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002604 regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002577 regulation of antigen processing and presentation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002605 negative regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002604 regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002606 positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002604 regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002607 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002604 regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002608 negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002607 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002609 positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002607 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002613 regulation of monocyte antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002577 regulation of antigen processing and presentation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002614 negative regulation of monocyte antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002613 regulation of monocyte antigen processing and presentation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002615 positive regulation of monocyte antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002613 regulation of monocyte antigen processing and presentation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002616 regulation of macrophage antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002577 regulation of antigen processing and presentation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of macrophage antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002617 negative regulation of macrophage antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002616 regulation of macrophage antigen processing and presentation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of macrophage antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002618 positive regulation of macrophage antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002616 regulation of macrophage antigen processing and presentation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of macrophage antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002622 regulation of B cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002712 regulation of B cell mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002623 negative regulation of B cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002713 negative regulation of B cell mediated immunity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002624 positive regulation of B cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002622 regulation of B cell antigen processing and presentation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002625 regulation of T cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002709 regulation of T cell mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002626 negative regulation of T cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002710 negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002627 positive regulation of T cell antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002711 positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002628 regulation of proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903050 regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002629 negative regulation of proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002630 positive regulation of proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045732 positive regulation of protein catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002634 regulation of germinal center formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002635 negative regulation of germinal center formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051093 negative regulation of developmental process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002636 positive regulation of germinal center formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051094 positive regulation of developmental process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002637 regulation of immunoglobulin production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002700 regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of immunoglobulin production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002638 negative regulation of immunoglobulin production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002701 negative regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of immunoglobulin production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002639 positive regulation of immunoglobulin production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002702 positive regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of immunoglobulin production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002643 regulation of tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002682 regulation of immune system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002644 negative regulation of tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002645 positive regulation of tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002646 regulation of central tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002643 regulation of tolerance induction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002647 negative regulation of central tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002646 regulation of central tolerance induction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002648 positive regulation of central tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002646 regulation of central tolerance induction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002652 regulation of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002653 negative regulation of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002823 negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002654 positive regulation of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002824 positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002658 regulation of peripheral tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002652 regulation of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002659 negative regulation of peripheral tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002658 regulation of peripheral tolerance induction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002660 positive regulation of peripheral tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002658 regulation of peripheral tolerance induction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002661 regulation of B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002643 regulation of tolerance induction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002662 negative regulation of B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002661 regulation of B cell tolerance induction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002663 positive regulation of B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002661 regulation of B cell tolerance induction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002664 regulation of T cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002643 regulation of tolerance induction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002665 negative regulation of T cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002664 regulation of T cell tolerance induction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002666 positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002664 regulation of T cell tolerance induction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002667 regulation of T cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002911 regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002668 negative regulation of T cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002912 negative regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002669 positive regulation of T cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002913 positive regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002670 regulation of B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002911 regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002671 negative regulation of B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002912 negative regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002672 positive regulation of B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002913 positive regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002673 regulation of acute inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050727 regulation of inflammatory response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002674 negative regulation of acute inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050728 negative regulation of inflammatory response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002675 positive regulation of acute inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002676 regulation of chronic inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050727 regulation of inflammatory response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002677 negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050728 negative regulation of inflammatory response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002678 positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002681 somatic recombination of T cell receptor gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002568 somatic diversification of T cell receptor genes The process in which T cell receptor genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, also known as T cell receptor gene segments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002682 regulation of immune system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002683 negative regulation of immune system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048519 negative regulation of biological process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002684 positive regulation of immune system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048518 positive regulation of biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002685 regulation of leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002686 negative regulation of leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030336 negative regulation of cell migration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002687 positive regulation of leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030335 positive regulation of cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002688 regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050920 regulation of chemotaxis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002689 negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050922 negative regulation of chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002690 positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050921 positive regulation of chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002691 regulation of cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002685 regulation of leukocyte migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cellular extravasation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002692 negative regulation of cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002691 regulation of cellular extravasation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cellular extravasation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002693 positive regulation of cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002691 regulation of cellular extravasation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cellular extravasation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050865 regulation of cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002695 negative regulation of leukocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050866 negative regulation of cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002696 positive regulation of leukocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050867 positive regulation of cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002697 regulation of immune effector process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002682 regulation of immune system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002698 negative regulation of immune effector process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002697 regulation of immune effector process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002699 positive regulation of immune effector process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002697 regulation of immune effector process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002700 regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010468 regulation of gene expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the production of molecular mediator of immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002701 negative regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002700 regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the production of molecular mediator of immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002702 positive regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010628 positive regulation of gene expression Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the production of molecular mediator of immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002697 regulation of immune effector process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002704 negative regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002705 positive regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002706 regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002707 negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002706 regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002708 positive regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002706 regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002709 regulation of T cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002710 negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002823 negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002711 positive regulation of T cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002824 positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002712 regulation of B cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002713 negative regulation of B cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002823 negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002714 positive regulation of B cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002824 positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002715 regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045088 regulation of innate immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002716 negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045824 negative regulation of innate immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002717 positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045089 positive regulation of innate immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002700 regulation of production of molecular mediator of immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine production that contributes to an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002719 negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine production contributing to an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002720 positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cytokine production that contributes to an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002721 regulation of B cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002722 negative regulation of B cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002721 regulation of B cell cytokine production Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002723 positive regulation of B cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002721 regulation of B cell cytokine production Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002724 regulation of T cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002725 negative regulation of T cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002724 regulation of T cell cytokine production Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002726 positive regulation of T cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002724 regulation of T cell cytokine production Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002730 regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002731 negative regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002730 regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002732 positive regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002730 regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002733 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002886 regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002734 negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002887 negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002735 positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061081 positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002759 regulation of antimicrobial humoral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002760 positive regulation of antimicrobial humoral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032103 positive regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002761 regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902105 regulation of leukocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002762 negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902106 negative regulation of leukocyte differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002763 positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902107 positive regulation of leukocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002775 antimicrobial peptide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002440 production of molecular mediator of immune response The synthesis or release of an antimicrobial peptide during an immune response, resulting in an increase in intracellular or extracellular levels. Such peptides may have protective properties against bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002776 antimicrobial peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002790 peptide secretion The regulated release of an antimicrobial peptide from a cell or a tissue. Such peptides may have protective properties against bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002784 regulation of antimicrobial peptide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002759 regulation of antimicrobial humoral response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002785 negative regulation of antimicrobial peptide production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008348 negative regulation of antimicrobial humoral response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002790 peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 secretion The controlled release of a peptide from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002791 regulation of peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090087 regulation of peptide transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002792 negative regulation of peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051048 negative regulation of secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002793 positive regulation of peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051047 positive regulation of secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002794 regulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002791 regulation of peptide secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002795 negative regulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002794 regulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002796 positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002794 regulation of antimicrobial peptide secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002819 regulation of adaptive immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002820 negative regulation of adaptive immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050777 negative regulation of immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002821 positive regulation of adaptive immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050778 positive regulation of immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002819 regulation of adaptive immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains. An example of this process is found in the Gnathostomata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002823 negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains. An example of this process is found in the Gnathostomata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002824 positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains. An example of this process is found in the Gnathostomata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002825 regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 1 type immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002826 negative regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002825 regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 1 type immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002827 positive regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002825 regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 1 type immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002828 regulation of type 2 immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002829 negative regulation of type 2 immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050777 negative regulation of immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002830 positive regulation of type 2 immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050778 positive regulation of immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002831 regulation of response to biotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002832 negative regulation of response to biotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048585 negative regulation of response to stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002833 positive regulation of response to biotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048584 positive regulation of response to stimulus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002861 regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002862 negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050777 negative regulation of immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002863 positive regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050778 positive regulation of immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002864 regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002861 regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002865 negative regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002864 regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002866 positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002864 regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002867 regulation of B cell deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904748 regulation of apoptotic process involved in development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell deletion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002868 negative regulation of B cell deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904746 negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell deletion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002869 positive regulation of B cell deletion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904747 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell deletion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002870 T cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002517 T cell tolerance induction Any process contributing to anergy in T cells, a state of functional inactivation which is part of T cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002883 regulation of hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002864 regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002884 negative regulation of hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002883 regulation of hypersensitivity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002885 positive regulation of hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002883 regulation of hypersensitivity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002886 regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002703 regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002887 negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002886 regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002888 positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002886 regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002889 regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002712 regulation of B cell mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002890 negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002889 regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002891 positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002889 regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002892 regulation of type II hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002889 regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002893 negative regulation of type II hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002892 regulation of type II hypersensitivity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002894 positive regulation of type II hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002892 regulation of type II hypersensitivity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002895 regulation of central B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002661 regulation of B cell tolerance induction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002896 negative regulation of central B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002895 regulation of central B cell tolerance induction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002897 positive regulation of central B cell tolerance induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002895 regulation of central B cell tolerance induction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell tolerance induction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002901 mature B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001783 B cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a B cell that is mature, having left the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002902 regulation of B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070228 regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002903 negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070229 negative regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002904 positive regulation of B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070230 positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002905 regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002902 regulation of B cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mature B cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002906 negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002905 regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mature B cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002907 positive regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002905 regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mature B cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002911 regulation of lymphocyte anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002643 regulation of tolerance induction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002912 negative regulation of lymphocyte anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002911 regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002913 positive regulation of lymphocyte anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002911 regulation of lymphocyte anergy Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002914 regulation of central B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045577 regulation of B cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002915 negative regulation of central B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045578 negative regulation of B cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002916 positive regulation of central B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045579 positive regulation of B cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of central B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002917 regulation of peripheral B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002712 regulation of B cell mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002918 negative regulation of peripheral B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002917 regulation of peripheral B cell anergy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002919 positive regulation of peripheral B cell anergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002917 regulation of peripheral B cell anergy Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral B cell anergy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002920 regulation of humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002921 negative regulation of humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050777 negative regulation of immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002922 positive regulation of humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050778 positive regulation of immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002923 regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002920 regulation of humoral immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002924 negative regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002923 regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002925 positive regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002923 regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002930 trabecular meshwork development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The progression of the trabecular meshwork over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trabecular meshwork is a fenestrated endothelial-like tissue situated at the intersection of the cornea and the iris. The trabecular meshwork provides drainage for the aqueous humor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002932 tendon sheath development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tendon sheath over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A tendon sheath is a layer of membrane around a tendon. It permits the tendon to move. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002941 synoviocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of type B synoviocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A type B synoviocyte is a fibroblast-like cell found in synovial tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism, germline or somatic, specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003007 heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The developmental process in which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003009 skeletal muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006941 striated muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. In the skeletal muscle, the muscle contraction takes advantage of an ordered sarcomeric structure and in most cases it is under voluntary control. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003012 muscle system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003013 circulatory system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003014 renal system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the renal system. The renal system maintains fluid balance, and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels; in other species, the renal system may comprise related structures (e.g., nephrocytes and malpighian tubules in Drosophila). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003015 heart process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003013 circulatory system process A circulatory system process carried out by the heart. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003016 respiratory system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process A process carried out by the organs or tissues of the respiratory system. The respiratory system is an organ system responsible for respiratory gaseous exchange. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003017 lymph circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003013 circulatory system process The flow of lymph through the body of an animal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003018 vascular process in circulatory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003013 circulatory system process A circulatory process that occurs at the level of the vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003020 detection of reduced oxygen by chemoreceptor signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070483 detection of hypoxia The process in which information about the levels of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and the aortic bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003022 detection of pH by chemoreceptor signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003030 detection of hydrogen ion The process in which information about the levels of hydrogen ions are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003027 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001979 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by chemoreceptor signaling The process that modulates blood pressure by the action of chemoreceptors found in the carotid bodies and their resultant modulation of the vasomotor center. Chemoreceptors respond to oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003029 detection of hypoxic conditions in blood by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002007 detection of hypoxic conditions in blood by chemoreceptor signaling The process in which information about a lack of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003030 detection of hydrogen ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009593 detection of chemical stimulus The series of events in which a hydrogen ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003032 detection of oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070482 response to oxygen levels The series of events in which an oxygen stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003039 detection of reduced oxygen by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003020 detection of reduced oxygen by chemoreceptor signaling The process in which information about the levels of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in a carotid body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003044 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure mediated by a chemical signal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003073 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure The regulation of blood pressure mediated by biochemical signaling: hormonal, autocrine or paracrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003071 renal system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003014 renal system process Renal process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003073 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008217 regulation of blood pressure The process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003081 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001990 regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone The process in which renin-angiotensin modulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003091 renal water homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050891 multicellular organismal-level water homeostasis Renal process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of water in the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003093 regulation of glomerular filtration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098801 regulation of renal system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the process in which blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003094 glomerular filtration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097205 renal filtration The process in which plasma is filtered through the glomerular membrane which consists of capillary endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and epithelial cells. The glomerular filtrate is the same as plasma except it has no significant amount of protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003096 renal sodium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006814 sodium ion transport The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) by the renal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003097 renal water transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006833 water transport The directed movement of water (H2O) by the renal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003104 positive regulation of glomerular filtration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the processs whereby blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003105 negative regulation of glomerular filtration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the processs whereby blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003131 mesodermal-endodermal cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from mesodermal cells to endodermal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003133 endodermal-mesodermal cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from endodermal cells to mesodermal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003142 cardiogenic plate morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the cardiogenic plate are generated and organized. The cardiogenic plate is the first recognizable structure derived from the heart field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003143 embryonic heart tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryonic heart tube are generated and organized. The embryonic heart tube is an epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003144 embryonic heart tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001838 embryonic epithelial tube formation The process that gives rise to the embryonic heart tube. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The embryonic heart tube is an epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003145 embryonic heart tube formation via epithelial folding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003144 embryonic heart tube formation The process that gives rise to the embryonic heart tube by the cells of the heart field along a linear axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003147 neural crest cell migration involved in heart formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060974 cell migration involved in heart formation The characteristic movement of a cell from the dorsal ridge of the neural tube towards the heart and that contributes to heart formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003148 outflow tract septum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060411 cardiac septum morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract septum are generated and organized. The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003149 membranous septum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the membranous septum is generated and organized. The membranous septum is the upper part of ventricular septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003150 muscular septum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060415 muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the muscular septum is generated and organized. The muscular septum is the lower part of the ventricular septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003151 outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract are generated and organized. The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003152 morphogenesis of an epithelial fold involved in embryonic heart tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060571 morphogenesis of an epithelial fold The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis, contributing to embryonic heart tube formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003156 regulation of animal organ formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of animal organ formation. Organ formation is the process pertaining to the initial formation of an organ from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure, such as inductive events, and ends when the structural rudiment of the organ is recognizable, such as a condensation of mesenchymal cells into the organ rudiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003157 endocardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endocardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003158 endothelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003159 morphogenesis of an endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structure of an endothelium is generated and organized. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003160 endocardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the endocardium is generated and organized. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003161 cardiac conduction system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048738 cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cardiac conduction system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003162 atrioventricular node development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048738 cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the atrioventricular (AV) node over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The AV node is part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of ventricle contraction by receiving electrical signals from the sinoatrial (SA) node and relaying them to the His-Purkinje system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003163 sinoatrial node development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003228 atrial cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sinoatrial (SA) node over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The SA node is part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of heart muscle contraction. It relays electrical signals to the AV node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003164 His-Purkinje system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003229 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the His-Purkinje system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The His-Purkinje system receives signals from the AV node and is composed of the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003165 Purkinje myocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003229 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a Purkinje myocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Purkinje myocyte (also known as cardiac Purkinje fiber) is part of the cardiac conduction system that receives signals from the bundle of His and innervates the ventricular cardiac muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003166 bundle of His development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003229 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bundle of His over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The bundle of His is part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003167 atrioventricular bundle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060932 His-Purkinje system cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cell of the atrioventricular bundle. These cells are specialized cardiomyocytes that transmit signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003168 Purkinje myocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060932 His-Purkinje system cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a Purkinje myocyte (also known as cardiac Purkinje fiber cell). These cells are specialized cardiomyocytes that receive signals from the bundle of His and innervate the ventricular cardiac muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003169 coronary vein morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060977 coronary vasculature morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of veins of the heart are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003170 heart valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of a heart valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A heart valve is a structure that restricts the flow of blood to different regions of the heart and forms from an endocardial cushion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003171 atrioventricular valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003170 heart valve development The progression of the atrioventricular valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003172 sinoatrial valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003170 heart valve development The progression of the sinoatrial valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003174 mitral valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003171 atrioventricular valve development The progression of the mitral valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003175 tricuspid valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003171 atrioventricular valve development The progression of the tricuspid valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003176 aortic valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905314 semi-lunar valve development The progression of the aortic valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003177 pulmonary valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905314 semi-lunar valve development The progression of the pulmonary valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003178 coronary sinus valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003170 heart valve development The progression of the valve of the coronary sinus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003179 heart valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the structure of a heart valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003180 aortic valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003179 heart valve morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the aortic valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003181 atrioventricular valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003179 heart valve morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the atrioventricular valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003182 coronary sinus valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003179 heart valve morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the coronary sinus valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003183 mitral valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003181 atrioventricular valve morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the mitral valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003184 pulmonary valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003179 heart valve morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the pulmonary valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003185 sinoatrial valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003179 heart valve morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the sinoatrial valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003186 tricuspid valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003181 atrioventricular valve morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the tricuspid valve is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003188 heart valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a heart valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003189 aortic valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003188 heart valve formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the aortic valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003190 atrioventricular valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003188 heart valve formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the atrioventricular valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003191 coronary sinus valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003188 heart valve formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the coronary sinus valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003192 mitral valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003190 atrioventricular valve formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the mitral valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003193 pulmonary valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003188 heart valve formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the pulmonary valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003194 sinoatrial valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003188 heart valve formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the sinoatrial valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003195 tricuspid valve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003190 atrioventricular valve formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the tricuspid valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003197 endocardial cushion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The progression of a cardiac cushion over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003203 endocardial cushion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072132 mesenchyme morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the endocardial cushion is generated and organized. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003204 cardiac skeleton development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development The progression of the cardiac skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cardiac skeleton is a specialized extracellular matrix that separates the atria from the ventricles and provides physical support for the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003205 cardiac chamber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of a cardiac chamber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003206 cardiac chamber morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which a cardiac chamber is generated and organized. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003207 cardiac chamber formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a cardiac chamber from unspecified parts. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003208 cardiac ventricle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003206 cardiac chamber morphogenesis The process in which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003209 cardiac atrium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003206 cardiac chamber morphogenesis The process in which the cardiac atrium is generated and organized. A cardiac atrium receives blood from a vein and pumps it to a cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003210 cardiac atrium formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003207 cardiac chamber formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a cardiac atrium from unspecified parts. A cardiac atrium receives blood from a vein and pumps it to a cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003211 cardiac ventricle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003207 cardiac chamber formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a cardiac ventricle from unspecified parts. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003212 cardiac left atrium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003209 cardiac atrium morphogenesis The process in which the left cardiac atrium is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003213 cardiac right atrium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003209 cardiac atrium morphogenesis The process in which the right cardiac atrium is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003214 cardiac left ventricle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003208 cardiac ventricle morphogenesis The process in which the left cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003215 cardiac right ventricle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003208 cardiac ventricle morphogenesis The process in which the right cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003216 cardiac left atrium formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003210 cardiac atrium formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a left cardiac atrium from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003217 cardiac right atrium formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003210 cardiac atrium formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a cardiac right atrium from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003218 cardiac left ventricle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003211 cardiac ventricle formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a left cardiac ventricle from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003219 cardiac right ventricle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003211 cardiac ventricle formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a right cardiac ventricle from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003220 left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055010 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of left cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003221 right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055010 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the right cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003222 ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061384 heart trabecula morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the trabecular cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003223 ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055010 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the compact cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003224 left ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003223 ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac left ventricular compact myocardium are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003225 left ventricular trabecular myocardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003222 ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac left ventricular trabecular myocardium are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003226 right ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003223 ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the right ventricular compact myocardium are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003227 right ventricular trabecular myocardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003222 ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the right ventricular myocardium are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003228 atrial cardiac muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048738 cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac muscle of the atrium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003229 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048738 cardiac muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of ventricular cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003230 cardiac atrium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003205 cardiac chamber development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac atrium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac atrium receives blood from a vein and pumps it to a cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003231 cardiac ventricle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003205 cardiac chamber development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003235 sinus venosus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003205 cardiac chamber development The progression of the sinus venosus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sinus venosus is a heart chamber attached to the atrium on the venous side of the embryonic heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003236 sinus venosus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003206 cardiac chamber morphogenesis The process in which the sinus venosus is generated and organized. The sinus venosus is a heart chamber attached to the atrium on the venous side of the embryonic heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003237 sinus venosus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003207 cardiac chamber formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the sinus venosus from unspecified parts. The sinus venosus is a heart chamber attached to the atrium on the venous side of the embryonic heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003238 conus arteriosus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003205 cardiac chamber development The progression of the conus arteriosus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conus arteriosus is a valved chamber with thick muscular walls stemming from the ventricle and connecting to the pulmonary trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003239 conus arteriosus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003206 cardiac chamber morphogenesis The process in which the conus arteriosus is generated and organized. The conus arteriosus is a valved chamber with thick muscular walls stemming from the ventricle and connecting to the pulmonary trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003240 conus arteriosus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003207 cardiac chamber formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the conus arteriosus from unspecified parts. The conus arteriosus is a valved chamber with thick muscular walls stemming from the ventricle and connecting to the pulmonary trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003241 growth involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis Developmental growth that contributes to the shaping of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003245 cardiac muscle tissue growth involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055017 cardiac muscle tissue growth The developmental growth of cardiac muscle tissue that contributes to the shaping of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003248 heart capillary growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The increase in heart capillaries that accompanies physiological hypertrophy of cardiac muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003249 cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000793 cell proliferation involved in heart valve development The multiplication or reproduction of cells that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003250 regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000136 regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003251 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000138 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003252 negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000137 negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003253 cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060973 cell migration involved in heart development The orderly movement of a neural crest cell from one site to another that will contribute to the morphogenesis of the outflow tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003260 cardioblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060974 cell migration involved in heart formation The orderly movement of a cardiac progenitor cell to form the heart field. Cardiac progenitor cells are non-terminally differentiated, mesoderm-derived cells that are committed to differentiate into cells of the heart. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003272 endocardial cushion formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an endocardial cushion. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003273 cell migration involved in endocardial cushion formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060973 cell migration involved in heart development The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the formation of an endocardial cushion. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003274 endocardial cushion fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098742 cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules The cell-cell adhesion process of mesenchymal cardiac cushion cells that contributes to the process of cushion shaping. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003275 apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003278 apoptotic process involved in heart morphogenesis Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the outflow tract. The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003276 apoptotic process involved in heart valve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003278 apoptotic process involved in heart morphogenesis Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003277 apoptotic process involved in endocardial cushion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003278 apoptotic process involved in heart morphogenesis Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of an endocardial cushion. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003278 apoptotic process involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060561 apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003279 cardiac septum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of a cardiac septum over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003281 ventricular septum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003279 cardiac septum development The progression of the ventricular septum over time from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003283 atrial septum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003279 cardiac septum development The progression of the atrial septum over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003292 cardiac septum cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035051 cardiocyte differentiation The process in which an endocardial cushion cell becomes a cell of a cardiac septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003293 heart valve cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035051 cardiocyte differentiation The process in which an endocardial cushion cell give rise to a cell that is part of a heart valve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003298 physiological muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014896 muscle hypertrophy The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ or tissue due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003300 cardiac muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014897 striated muscle hypertrophy The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003301 physiological cardiac muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003300 cardiac muscle hypertrophy The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division. This process contributes to the developmental growth of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003309 type B pancreatic cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035883 enteroendocrine cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a type B pancreatic cell. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003310 pancreatic A cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035883 enteroendocrine cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features of a pancreatic A cell. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003311 pancreatic D cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035883 enteroendocrine cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features that characterize a pancreatic delta cell. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003312 pancreatic PP cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035883 enteroendocrine cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features of a pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell. A pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell is a cell in the pancreas that produces pancreatic polypeptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003313 heart rudiment development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The progression of the heart rudiment over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The heart rudiment is a cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003314 heart rudiment morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the heart rudiment are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003315 heart rudiment formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the heart rudiment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003322 pancreatic A cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002068 glandular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic A cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003323 type B pancreatic cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002068 glandular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a type B pancreatic cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003324 pancreatic D cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002068 glandular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic delta cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003325 pancreatic PP cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002068 glandular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic PP cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell is a cell in the pancreas that produces pancreatic polypeptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003330 regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903530 regulation of secretion by cell Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003331 positive regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903532 positive regulation of secretion by cell Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003332 negative regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903531 negative regulation of secretion by cell Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003333 amino acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006865 amino acid transport The process in which an amino acid is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003334 keratinocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002064 epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a keratinocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003335 corneocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corneocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A corneocyte is the last stage of development of a keratinocyte where the keratinocyte flattens, loses its nucleus and eventually delaminates from the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003336 corneocyte desquamation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060232 delamination The delamination process that results in the shedding of a corneocyte from the surface of the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003337 mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072202 cell differentiation involved in metanephros development A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003338 metanephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060993 kidney morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephros are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003339 regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000696 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003340 negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000697 negative regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003341 cilium movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007018 microtubule-based movement The directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003342 proepicardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The progression of the proepicardium from its formation to the mature structure. The proepicardium is an outpouching of the septum transversum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003343 septum transversum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The progression of the septum transversum from its initial formation to the mature structure. The septum transversum is a portion of the trunk mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003344 pericardium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the pericardium is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003348 cardiac endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045446 endothelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardiac endothelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003351 epithelial cilium movement involved in extracellular fluid movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099111 microtubule-based transport The directed, self-propelled movement of cilia of epithelial cells. Depending on the type of cell, there may be one or many cilia per cell. This movement is usually coordinated between many epithelial cells, and serves to move extracellular fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003352 regulation of cilium movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060632 regulation of microtubule-based movement Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003353 positive regulation of cilium movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003354 negative regulation of cilium movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003352 regulation of cilium movement Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003355 cilium movement involved in otolith formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003351 epithelial cilium movement involved in extracellular fluid movement The directed, self-propelled movement of cilia of inner ear epithelial cells, resulting the aggregation of otolith seed particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003357 noradrenergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an noradrenergic neuron, a neuron that secretes noradrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003358 noradrenergic neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a noradrenergic neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003360 brainstem development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the brainstem from its formation to the mature structure. The brainstem is the part of the brain that connects the brain with the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003361 noradrenergic neuron differentiation involved in brainstem development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003357 noradrenergic neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an noradrenergic neuron that is part of the brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003365 establishment of cell polarity involved in ameboidal cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030010 establishment of cell polarity The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization that contributes to the self-propelled directed movement of an ameboid cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003371 establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in ameboidal cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030952 establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating ameboid cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003379 establishment of cell polarity involved in gastrulation cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003365 establishment of cell polarity involved in ameboidal cell migration The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization that contributes to the self-propelled directed movement of an ameboid cell taking part in gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003380 establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003371 establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in ameboidal cell migration Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating ameboid cell taking part in gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003381 epithelial cell morphogenesis involved in gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003382 epithelial cell morphogenesis The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from it initial formation to its mature state, contributing to the process of gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003382 epithelial cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000902 cell morphogenesis The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003403 optic vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic vesicle from the lateral wall of the forebrain. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003404 optic vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the formation and shaping of the optic vesicle. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003406 retinal pigment epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The progression of the retinal pigment epithelium over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The retinal pigment epithelium is the melanin-containing layer of cells between the retina and the choroid that absorbs scattered and reflected light and removes waste products produced by the photoreceptor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003407 neural retina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003411 cell motility involved in camera-type eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048870 cell motility Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another and contributes to the physical shaping or formation of the camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003413 chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002062 chondrocyte differentiation The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the development of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003414 chondrocyte morphogenesis involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090171 chondrocyte morphogenesis The process in which the structures of a chondrocyte that will contribute to bone development are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003415 chondrocyte hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048588 developmental cell growth The growth of a chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the progression of the chondrocyte over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003416 endochondral bone growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098868 bone growth The increase in size or mass of an endochondral bone that contributes to the shaping of the bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003433 chondrocyte development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002063 chondrocyte development The progression of a chondrocyte over time from after its commitment to its mature state where the chondrocyte will contribute to the shaping of an endochondral bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003676 nucleic acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097159 organic cyclic compound binding Binding to a nucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003677 DNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003676 nucleic acid binding Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003682 chromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044877 protein-containing complex binding Binding to chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003707 nuclear steroid receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003723 RNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003676 nucleic acid binding Binding to an RNA molecule or a portion thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003870 5-aminolevulinate synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016749 N-succinyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + H+ + succinyl-CoA = 5-aminolevulinate + CO2 + CoA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003990 acetylcholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004104 cholinesterase activity Catalysis of the reaction: acetylcholine + H2O = choline + acetate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004031 aldehyde oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016623 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, oxygen as acceptor Catalysis of the reaction: an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + hydrogen peroxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004035 alkaline phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016791 phosphatase activity Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004096 catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004601 peroxidase activity Catalysis of the reaction: 2 hydrogen peroxide = O2 + 2 H2O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004102 choline O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016413 O-acetyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + choline = acetylcholine + CoA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004104 cholinesterase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0052689 carboxylic ester hydrolase activity Catalysis of the reaction: an acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylic acid anion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004111 creatine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016775 phosphotransferase activity, nitrogenous group as acceptor Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + creatine = N-phosphocreatine + ADP + 2 H+. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004340 glucokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004396 hexokinase activity Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-glucose = ADP + D-glucose-6-phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004351 glutamate decarboxylase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016831 carboxy-lyase activity Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate = 4-aminobutanoate + CO2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004365 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043891 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+) (phosphorylating) activity Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004396 hexokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019200 carbohydrate kinase activity Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-hexose = ADP + D-hexose 6-phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004418 hydroxymethylbilane synthase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016765 transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 4 porphobilinogen = hydroxymethylbilane + 4 NH4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004465 lipoprotein lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004806 triglyceride lipase activity Catalysis of the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate, where the triacylglycerol is part of a lipoprotein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004601 peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016209 antioxidant activity Catalysis of the reaction: a donor + a peroxide = an oxidized donor + 2 H2O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004806 triglyceride lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0052689 carboxylic ester hydrolase activity Catalysis of the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004896 cytokine receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140375 immune receptor activity Combining with a cytokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004993 G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008227 G protein-coupled amine receptor activity Combining with the biogenic amine serotonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a neurotransmitter and hormone found in vertebrates and invertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005102 signaling receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding Binding to one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005126 cytokine receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005102 signaling receptor binding Binding to a cytokine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005543 phospholipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008289 lipid binding Binding to a phospholipid, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005548 phospholipid transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005319 lipid transporter activity Enables the directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Phospholipids are a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005622 intracellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005634 cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005694 chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005739 mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005764 lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000323 lytic vacuole A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005773 vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005774 vacuolar membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098588 bounding membrane of organelle The lipid bilayer surrounding the vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005775 vacuolar lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070013 intracellular organelle lumen The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005783 endoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005813 centrosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005815 microtubule organizing center A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005815 microtubule organizing center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005819 spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005829 cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005840 ribosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005876 spindle microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005874 microtubule Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005881 cytoplasmic microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005874 microtubule Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886 plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005901 caveola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044853 plasma membrane raft A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005976 polysaccharide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043170 macromolecule metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005977 glycogen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044042 glucan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues in alpha-(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha-(1->6) glycosidic linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006119 oxidative phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009060 aerobic respiration The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006259 DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090304 nucleic acid metabolic process Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006260 DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006259 DNA metabolic process The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by the origin recognition complex, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006281 DNA repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006974 DNA damage response The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006298 mismatch repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006281 DNA repair A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006302 double-strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006281 DNA repair The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006308 DNA catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009057 macromolecule catabolic process The cellular DNA metabolic process resulting in the breakdown of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long unbranched macromolecule formed from one or two strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides, the 3'-phosphate group of each constituent deoxyribonucleotide being joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage to the 5'-hydroxyl group of the deoxyribose moiety of the next one. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006310 DNA recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006259 DNA metabolic process Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Interchromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006325 chromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071824 protein-DNA complex organization The assembly or remodeling of chromatin composed of DNA complexed with histones, other associated proteins, and sometimes RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 DNA-templated transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032774 RNA biosynthetic process The synthesis of an RNA transcript from a DNA template. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006355 regulation of DNA-templated transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001141 regulation of RNA biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006390 mitochondrial transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 DNA-templated transcription The synthesis of RNA from a mitochondrial DNA template, usually by a specific mitochondrial RNA polymerase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006401 RNA catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016070 RNA metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043043 peptide biosynthetic process The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006413 translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006414 translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009059 macromolecule biosynthetic process The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006415 translational termination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032984 protein-containing complex disassembly The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006468 protein phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036211 protein modification process The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006508 proteolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019538 protein metabolic process The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006520 amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids, carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006521 regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080090 regulation of primary metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006575 cellular modified amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006576 biogenic amine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009308 amine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells involving any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006581 acetylcholine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006606 protein import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006886 intracellular protein transport The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006631 fatty acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044255 cellular lipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006633 fatty acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072330 monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006672 ceramide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043603 amide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006687 glycosphingolipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006665 sphingolipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosphingolipids, any compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006688 glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006687 glycosphingolipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006790 sulfur compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006814 sodium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030001 metal ion transport The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006816 calcium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030001 metal ion transport The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006833 water transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042044 fluid transport The directed movement of water (H2O) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006836 neurotransmitter transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006837 serotonin transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of serotonin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006865 amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015849 organic acid transport The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006886 intracellular protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006909 phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006897 endocytosis A vesicle-mediated transport process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes and their delivery to the lysosome. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006913 nucleocytoplasmic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051169 nuclear transport The directed movement of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006914 autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061919 process utilizing autophagic mechanism The cellular catabolic process in which cells digest cellular materials, such as organelles and other macromolecular constituents, or non-self materials such as intracellular pathogens. Autophagy serves to provide essential nutrients under conditions of cellular stress; or can remodel intracellular structures during cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012501 programmed cell death A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006925 inflammatory cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in an inflammatory cell, any cell participating in the inflammatory response to a foreign substance e.g. neutrophil, macrophage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006940 regulation of smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006937 regulation of muscle contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006941 striated muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006936 muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in the shortening of the muscle. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006949 syncytium formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane. Syncytia are normally derived from single cells that fuse or fail to complete cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006950 response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006952 defense response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006950 response to stress Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006952 defense response The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006956 complement activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006959 humoral immune response Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the complement cascade, which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes; the initial steps of complement activation involve one of three pathways, the classical pathway, the alternative pathway, and the lectin pathway, all of which lead to the terminal complement pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006959 humoral immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response An immune response mediated through a body fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006974 DNA damage response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033554 cellular response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006979 response to oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006950 response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006997 nucleus organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007005 mitochondrion organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion; includes mitochondrial morphogenesis and distribution, and replication of the mitochondrial genome as well as synthesis of new mitochondrial components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007009 plasma membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007010 cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007017 microtubule-based process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007018 microtubule-based movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007017 microtubule-based process A microtubule-based process that results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other cellular components. Examples include motor-driven movement along microtubules and movement driven by polymerization or depolymerization of microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007033 vacuole organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007040 lysosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080171 lytic vacuole organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosome. A lysosome is a cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007043 cell-cell junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045216 cell-cell junction organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a junction between cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007049 cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007097 nuclear migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051656 establishment of organelle localization The directed movement of the nucleus to a specific location within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007154 cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007155 cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction The series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to its receptor, in which the activated receptor promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007269 neurotransmitter secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006836 neurotransmitter transport The regulated release of neurotransmitter from the presynapse into the synaptic cleft via calcium-regulated exocytosis during synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007271 synaptic transmission, cholinergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission The vesicular release of acetylcholine from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of dopamine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007275 multicellular organism development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007286 spermatid development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007281 germ cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spermatid over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007340 acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule following the sperm's attachment to the zona pellucida of the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents into the zona pellucida. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007368 determination of left/right symmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009855 determination of bilateral symmetry The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism with respect to the left and right halves. The pattern can either be symmetric, such that the halves are mirror images, or asymmetric where the pattern deviates from this symmetry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007369 gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007398 ectoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ectoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In animal embryos, the ectoderm is the outer germ layer of the embryo, formed during gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007405 neuroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061351 neural precursor cell proliferation The expansion of a neuroblast population by cell division. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007423 sensory organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of sensory organs over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007492 endoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endoderm is the innermost germ layer that develops into the gastrointestinal tract, the lungs and associated tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007507 heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007519 skeletal muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014706 striated muscle tissue development The developmental sequence of events leading to the formation of adult skeletal muscle tissue. The main events are: the fusion of myoblasts to form myotubes that increase in size by further fusion to them of myoblasts, the formation of myofibrils within their cytoplasm and the establishment of functional neuromuscular junctions with motor neurons. At this stage they can be regarded as mature muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007585 respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process of gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of animals (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli, via a mechanism that involves nervous system activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007623 circadian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048511 rhythmic process Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007631 feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior Behavior associated with the intake of food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008016 regulation of heart contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903522 regulation of blood circulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. Heart contraction is the process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008092 cytoskeletal protein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding Binding to a protein component of a cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008134 transcription factor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding Binding to a transcription factor, a protein required to initiate or regulate transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A biological process is the execution of a genetically-encoded biological module or program. It consists of all the steps required to achieve the specific biological objective of the module. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008168 methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016741 transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008170 N-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008168 methyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of an acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008171 O-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008168 methyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the oxygen atom of an acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008172 S-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008168 methyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the sulfur atom of an acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008188 neuropeptide receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008528 G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity Combining with a neuropeptide to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008206 bile acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving bile acids, a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008217 regulation of blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality Any process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008227 G protein-coupled amine receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with an extracellular amine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008289 lipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a lipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008324 monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015075 monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of cation from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008348 negative regulation of antimicrobial humoral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008374 O-acyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016747 acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008483 transaminase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016769 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008514 organic anion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008528 G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with a peptide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008585 female gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008406 gonad development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008652 amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008757 S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008168 methyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a substrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009057 macromolecule catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009059 macromolecule biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009062 fatty acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044242 cellular lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009063 amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046395 carboxylic acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009064 glutamine family amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170039 proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009306 protein secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071692 protein localization to extracellular region The controlled release of proteins from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009593 detection of chemical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051606 detection of stimulus The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009605 response to external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009607 response to biotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009611 response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006950 response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009617 response to bacterium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051707 response to other organism Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009620 response to fungus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051707 response to other organism Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a fungus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009755 hormone-mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009791 post-embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. See embryonic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009792 embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009790 embryo development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009798 axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or around a point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009880 embryonic pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process The process that results in the patterns of cell differentiation that will arise in an embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis Morphogenesis of an animal organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009913 epidermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epidermal cell, any of the cells making up the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009914 hormone transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010817 regulation of hormone levels The directed movement of hormones into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009952 anterior/posterior pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along the anterior-posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009967 positive regulation of signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010647 positive regulation of cell communication Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009968 negative regulation of signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010648 negative regulation of cell communication Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009988 cell-cell recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 cell recognition Cell recognition between cells. May involve the formation of specialized cell junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010001 glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010002 cardioblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048863 stem cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010033 response to organic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010035 response to inorganic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an inorganic substance stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010463 mesenchymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010464 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010467 gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009059 macromolecule biosynthetic process The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript and its processing, as well as translation and maturation for protein-coding genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010468 regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010556 regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010556 regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010557 positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031328 positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010558 negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031327 negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010604 positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010605 negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010646 regulation of cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010668 ectodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of an ectodermal cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010817 regulation of hormone levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality Any process that modulates the levels of hormone within an organism or a tissue. A hormone is any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010927 cellular component assembly involved in morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The cellular component assembly that is part of the initial shaping of the component during its developmental progression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010954 positive regulation of protein processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903319 positive regulation of protein maturation Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of protein maturation by peptide bond cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010959 regulation of metal ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043269 regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metal ion transport. Metal ion transport is the directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012501 programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 cell death A process which begins when a cell receives an internal or external signal and activates a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway). The process ends with the death of the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014020 primary neural tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001838 embryonic epithelial tube formation The formation of the neural tube from an epithelial cell sheet (the neuroepithelium or neural plate). In primary neurulation, the cells surrounding the neural plate direct the neural plate cells to proliferate, invaginate, and pinch off from the surface to form a hollow epithelial tube. Primary neurulation is the typical mechanism of formation of the anterior neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014032 neural crest cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048864 stem cell development The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014075 response to amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014706 striated muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060537 muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014896 muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003012 muscle system process The muscle system process that results in enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development (it stops in cardiac muscle after adolescence) and can also be brought on in response to demand. In athletes cardiac and skeletal muscles undergo hypertrophy stimulated by increasing muscle activity on exercise. Smooth muscle cells in the uterus undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014897 striated muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014896 muscle hypertrophy The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size of muscle cells without cell division. In the case of striated muscle, this happens due to the additional synthesis of sarcomeric proteins and assembly of myofibrils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015078 proton transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022890 inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a proton from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015103 inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015318 inorganic molecular entity transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of inorganic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015171 amino acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005342 organic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015179 L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of an L-amino acid from one side of a membrane to the other. L-amino acids are the L-enantiomers of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015216 purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015215 nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a purine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015291 secondary active transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022804 active transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy, not direct ATP coupling. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015464 acetylcholine receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098960 postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity Combining with an acetylcholine receptor ligand and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015605 organophosphate ester transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of organophosphate esters from one side of a membrane to the other. Organophosphate esters are small organic molecules containing phosphate ester bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015629 actin cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005856 cytoskeleton The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015630 microtubule cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005856 cytoskeleton The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015697 quaternary ammonium group transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore of quaternary ammonium compounds, any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015698 inorganic anion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of inorganic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015711 organic anion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015748 organophosphate ester transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of organophosphate esters into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organophosphate esters are small organic molecules containing phosphate ester bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015813 L-glutamate transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051938 L-glutamate import The directed movement of L-glutamate across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015833 peptide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015865 purine nucleotide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006862 nucleotide transport The directed movement of a purine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015908 fatty acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015914 phospholipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015748 organophosphate ester transport The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016049 cell growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016050 vesicle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016051 carbohydrate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016052 carbohydrate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016064 immunoglobulin mediated immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019724 B cell mediated immunity An immune response mediated by immunoglobulins, whether cell-bound or in solution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016068 type I hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016064 immunoglobulin mediated immune response An inflammatory response driven by antigen recognition by antibodies bound to Fc receptors on mast cells or basophils, occurring within minutes after exposure of a sensitized individual to the antigen, and leading to the release of a variety of inflammatory mediators such as histamines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016070 RNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090304 nucleic acid metabolic process The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016101 diterpenoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006721 terpenoid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016209 antioxidant activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016236 macroautophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006914 autophagy The autophagic process that proceeds via the formation of an autophagosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016301 kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016772 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016331 morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic epithelia are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016358 dendrite development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendrite over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016410 N-acyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016747 acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016413 O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008374 O-acyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016444 somatic cell DNA recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006310 DNA recombination Recombination occurring within or between DNA molecules in somatic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016445 somatic diversification of immunoglobulins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002200 somatic diversification of immune receptors The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of immunoglobulins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016446 somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016445 somatic diversification of immunoglobulins Mutations occurring somatically that result in amino acid changes in the rearranged V regions of immunoglobulins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016447 somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016445 somatic diversification of immunoglobulins The process in which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, as known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016462 pyrophosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016818 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond (diphosphate bond) between two phosphate groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048870 cell motility The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016485 protein processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016486 peptide hormone processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140448 signaling receptor ligand precursor processing The generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016502 nucleotide receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity Combining with a nucleotide and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. A nucleotide is a compound that consists of a nucleoside esterified with a phosphate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016620 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016903 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016623 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, oxygen as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016903 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016638 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016641 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016638 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016651 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016705 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016706 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051213 dioxygenase activity Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016743 carboxyl- or carbamoyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016741 transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups Catalysis of the transfer of a carboxyl- or carbamoyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016747 acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016746 acyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016749 N-succinyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016748 succinyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016755 aminoacyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016746 acyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of an amino-acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016763 pentosyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016757 glycosyltransferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a pentosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016765 transferase activity, transferring alkyl or aryl (other than methyl) groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of an alkyl or aryl (but not methyl) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016773 phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016772 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016774 phosphotransferase activity, carboxyl group as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016772 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a carboxyl group (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016775 phosphotransferase activity, nitrogenous group as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016772 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a nitrogenous group (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016787 hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016790 thiolester hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016788 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds Catalysis of the reaction: RCO-SR' + H2O = RCOOH + HSR'. This reaction is the hydrolysis of a thiolester bond, an ester formed from a carboxylic acid and a thiol (i.e., RCO-SR'), such as that found in acetyl-coenzyme A. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016791 phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042578 phosphoric ester hydrolase activity Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016818 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016817 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016829 lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016830 carbon-carbon lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016829 lyase activity Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016831 carboxy-lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016830 carbon-carbon lyase activity Catalysis of the nonhydrolytic addition or removal of a carboxyl group to or from a compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016835 carbon-oxygen lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016829 lyase activity Catalysis of the breakage of a carbon-oxygen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016836 hydro-lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016835 carbon-oxygen lyase activity Catalysis of the cleavage of a carbon-oxygen bond by elimination of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016853 isomerase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016866 intramolecular transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016853 isomerase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a functional group from one position to another within a single molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016868 intramolecular phosphotransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016866 intramolecular transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016874 ligase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of the joining of two molecules, or two groups within a single molecule, using the energy from the hydrolysis of ATP, a similar triphosphate, or a pH gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016887 ATP hydrolysis activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017111 ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + H+ phosphate. ATP hydrolysis is used in some reactions as an energy source, for example to catalyze a reaction or drive transport against a concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017076 purine nucleotide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000166 nucleotide binding Binding to a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017111 ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016462 pyrophosphatase activity Catalysis of the reaction: a ribonucleoside triphosphate + H2O = a ribonucleoside diphosphate + H+ + phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017157 regulation of exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060627 regulation of vesicle-mediated transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018130 heterocycle biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046483 heterocycle metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019200 carbohydrate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016301 kinase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a carbohydrate substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019229 regulation of vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097746 blood vessel diameter maintenance Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019236 response to pheromone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010033 response to organic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019395 fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034440 lipid oxidation The removal of one or more electrons from a fatty acid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019438 aromatic compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044249 cellular biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic compounds, any substance containing an aromatic carbon ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019724 B cell mediated immunity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002460 adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019730 antimicrobial humoral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140546 defense response to symbiont An immune response against microbes mediated through a body fluid. Examples of this process are seen in the antimicrobial humoral response of Drosophila melanogaster and Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019778 Atg12 activating enzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008641 ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme activity Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier APG12, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019786 protein-phosphatidylethanolamide deconjugating activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein Catalysis of the reaction: [protein]-C-terminal L-amino acid-glycyl-phosphatidylethanolamide + H2O = [protein]-C-terminal L-amino acid-glycine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine. An example of this reaction is the removal of ATG8 from membranes to which it is covalently linked to a phosphatidylethanolamid via its terminal glycine residue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019865 immunoglobulin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044877 protein-containing complex binding Binding to an immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019953 sexual reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000003 reproduction A type of reproduction that combines the genetic material of two gametes (such as a sperm or egg cell or fungal spores). The gametes have an haploid genome (with a single set of chromosomes, the product of a meiotic division) and combines with one another to produce a zygote (diploid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019955 cytokine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding Binding to a cytokine, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021915 neural tube development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The cellular process that ensures successive accurate and complete genome replication and chromosome segregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022405 hair cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022404 molting cycle process A multicellular organismal process involved in the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022600 digestive system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process A physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022602 ovulation cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process A process involved in the sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anatomical structure morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022618 protein-RNA complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071826 protein-RNA complex organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023051 regulation of signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023056 positive regulation of signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048518 positive regulation of biological process Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023057 negative regulation of signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048519 negative regulation of biological process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030001 metal ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006812 monoatomic cation transport The directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030010 establishment of cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007163 establishment or maintenance of cell polarity The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030097 hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030098 lymphocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903131 mononuclear cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires specialized features of a lymphocyte. A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030099 myeloid cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of any cell of the myeloid leukocyte, megakaryocyte, thrombocyte, or erythrocyte lineages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030101 natural killer cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046649 lymphocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell in response to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030103 vasopressin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of vasopressin from secretory granules into the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099503 secretory vesicle A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process The cellular developmental process in which a relatively unspecialized cell, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cell, acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize a specific cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030155 regulation of cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030183 B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042113 B cell activation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a B cell. A B cell is a lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and capable of B cell mediated immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030194 positive regulation of blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030193 regulation of blood coagulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030203 glycosaminoglycan metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006022 aminoglycan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030216 keratinocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009913 epidermal cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a keratinocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030217 T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110 T cell activation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030247 polysaccharide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030246 carbohydrate binding Binding to a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030258 lipid modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044255 cellular lipid metabolic process The covalent alteration of one or more fatty acids in a lipid, resulting in a change in the properties of the lipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030261 chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051276 chromosome organization The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000145 regulation of cell motility Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030335 positive regulation of cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000147 positive regulation of cell motility Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030336 negative regulation of cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000146 negative regulation of cell motility Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030449 regulation of complement activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002920 regulation of humoral immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030473 nuclear migration along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072384 organelle transport along microtubule The directed movement of the nucleus along microtubules within the cell, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030522 intracellular receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a receptor located within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030554 adenyl nucleotide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017076 purine nucleotide binding Binding to an adenyl nucleotide, an adenosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030595 leukocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration The movement of a leukocyte in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030667 secretory granule membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a secretory granule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030728 ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030857 negative regulation of epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030879 mammary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030952 establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007010 cytoskeleton organization Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031018 endocrine pancreas development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endocrine pancreas is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031128 developmental induction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process A developmental process involving two tissues in which one tissue (the inducer) produces a signal that directs cell fate commitment of cells in the second tissue (the responder). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031175 neuron projection development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120036 plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031252 cell leading edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031324 negative regulation of cellular metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031325 positive regulation of cellular metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031327 negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009890 negative regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031328 positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009891 positive regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031329 regulation of cellular catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031331 positive regulation of cellular catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031333 negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031334 positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031341 regulation of cell killing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing, the process in which a cell brings about the death of another cell, either in the same or a different organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031342 negative regulation of cell killing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031341 regulation of cell killing Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031343 positive regulation of cell killing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031348 negative regulation of defense response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031349 positive regulation of defense response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031399 regulation of protein modification process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051246 regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031400 negative regulation of protein modification process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051248 negative regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031401 positive regulation of protein modification process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051247 positive regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097708 intracellular vesicle A vesicle found in the cytoplasm of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031667 response to nutrient levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009991 response to extracellular stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031981 nuclear lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070013 intracellular organelle lumen The volume enclosed by the nuclear inner membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031985 Golgi cisterna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098791 Golgi apparatus subcompartment Any of the thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032091 negative regulation of protein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051100 negative regulation of binding Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032101 regulation of response to external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032103 positive regulation of response to external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048584 positive regulation of response to stimulus Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032271 regulation of protein polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043254 regulation of protein-containing complex assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process of creating protein polymers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032421 stereocilium bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098862 cluster of actin-based cell projections A bundle of cross-linked stereocilia, arranged around a kinocilium on the apical surface of a sensory hair cell (e.g. a neuromast, auditory or vestibular hair cell). Stereocilium bundles act as mechanosensory organelles by responding to fluid motion or fluid pressure changes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032432 actin filament bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032475 otolith formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to an otolith. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032506 cytokinetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process A cellular process that is involved in cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032774 RNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034654 nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. Includes polymerization of ribonucleotide monomers. Refers not only to transcription but also to e.g. viral RNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032781 positive regulation of ATP-dependent activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043462 regulation of ATP-dependent activity Any process that activates or increases the rate of an ATP-dependent activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032940 secretion by cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 secretion The controlled release of a substance by a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032984 protein-containing complex disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043933 protein-containing complex organization The disaggregation of a protein-containing macromolecular complex into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032988 protein-RNA complex disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071826 protein-RNA complex organization The disaggregation of a protein-RNA complex into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032989 cellular anatomical entity morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which a cellular entity is generated and organized. A cellular entity has granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032993 protein-DNA complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033028 myeloid cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a myeloid cell, a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033293 monocarboxylic acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031406 carboxylic acid binding Binding to a monocarboxylic acid, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033363 secretory granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016050 vesicle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033554 cellular response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006950 response to stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034109 homotypic cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion The attachment of a cell to a second cell of the identical type via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034248 regulation of amide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034249 negative regulation of amide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034250 positive regulation of amide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051173 positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034755 iron ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098655 monoatomic cation transmembrane transport A process in which an iron ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035050 embryonic heart tube development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryonic heart tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart tube forms as the heart rudiment from the heart field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035051 cardiocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cell that will form part of the cardiac organ of an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035188 hatching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071684 organism emergence from protective structure The emergence of an immature organism from a protective structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The regionalization process that divides an organism or part of an organism into a series of semi-repetitive parts, or segments, often arranged along a longitudinal axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035556 intracellular signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035588 G protein-coupled purinergic receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035590 purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by an extracellular purine or purine derivative binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035590 purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular purine nucleotide binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035850 epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061005 cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of an epithelial cell that characterize the cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035883 enteroendocrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002067 glandular epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of an enteroendocrine cell. Enteroendocrine cells are hormonally active epithelial cells in the gut that constitute the diffuse neuroendocrine system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035932 aldosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035931 mineralocorticoid secretion The regulated release of aldosterone into the circulatory system. Aldosterone is a pregnane-based steroid hormone produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland, and acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increased water retention, and increased blood pressure. The overall effect of aldosterone is to increase reabsorption of ions and water in the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035987 endodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an endoderm cell, a cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035989 tendon development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tendon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A tendon is a fibrous, strong, connective tissue that connects muscle to bone or integument and is capable of withstanding tension. Tendons and muscles work together to exert a pulling force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036072 direct ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001503 ossification The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance, that does not require the replacement of preexisting tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036075 replacement ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001503 ossification Ossification that requires the replacement of a preexisting tissue prior to bone tissue formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036093 germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism The multiplication or reproduction of germ cells, reproductive cells in multicellular organisms, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a small molecule, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036126 sperm flagellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097729 9+2 motile cilium A microtubule-based flagellum (or cilium) that is part of a sperm, a mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036293 response to decreased oxygen levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070482 response to oxygen levels Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting a decline in the level of oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036303 lymph vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of lymph vessels are generated and organized. The lymph vessel is the vasculature carrying lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036336 dendritic cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071674 mononuclear cell migration The movement of a dendritic cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060089 molecular transducer activity Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040008 regulation of growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042060 wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009611 response to wounding The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042074 cell migration involved in gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration The migration of individual cells within the blastocyst to help establish the multi-layered body plan of the organism (gastrulation). For example, the migration of cells from the surface to the interior of the embryo (ingression). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042088 T-helper 1 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002460 adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and pathological conditions such as arthritis, and which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 1 cells, most notably interferon-gamma, IL-2, and lymphotoxin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042092 type 2 immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response An immune response which is associated with resistance to extracellular organisms such as helminths and pathological conditions such as allergy, which is orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines, most notably IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, by any of a variety of cell types including T-helper 2 cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and nuocytes, resulting in enhanced production of certain antibody isotypes and other effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042093 T-helper cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002294 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response The process in which a relatively unspecialized thymocyte acquires specialized features of a T-helper cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042098 T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046651 lymphocyte proliferation The expansion of a T cell population by cell division. Follows T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042100 B cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046651 lymphocyte proliferation The expansion of a B cell population by cell division. Follows B cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110 T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046649 lymphocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042113 B cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046649 lymphocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042116 macrophage activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002274 myeloid leukocyte activation A change in morphology and behavior of a macrophage resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042117 monocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002274 myeloid leukocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a monocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042118 endothelial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of an endothelial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042119 neutrophil activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036230 granulocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042159 lipoprotein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042157 lipoprotein metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the covalently attached nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042254 ribosome biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022613 ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042255 ribosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140694 non-membrane-bounded organelle assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042267 natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002228 natural killer cell mediated immunity The directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042269 regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002715 regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042277 peptide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033218 amide binding Binding to a peptide, an organic compound comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042310 vasoconstriction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097746 blood vessel diameter maintenance A decrease in the diameter of blood vessels, especially arteries, due to constriction of smooth muscle cells that line the vessels, and usually causing an increase in blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042311 vasodilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097746 blood vessel diameter maintenance An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, due to relaxation of smooth muscle cells that line the vessels, and usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042325 regulation of phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019220 regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042326 negative regulation of phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045936 negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or decreases the rate of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042327 positive regulation of phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045937 positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042330 taxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042391 regulation of membrane potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042401 biogenic amine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009309 amine biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells resulting in the formation of any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042402 cellular biogenic amine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009310 amine catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells resulting in the breakdown of biogenic amines, any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042419 epinephrine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042472 inner ear morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the inner ear are generated and organized. The inner ear is the structure in vertebrates that contains the organs of balance and hearing. It consists of soft hollow sensory structures (the membranous labyrinth) containing fluid (endolymph) surrounded by fluid (perilymph) and encased in a bony cavity (the bony labyrinth). It consists of two chambers, the sacculus and utriculus, from which arise the cochlea and semicircular canals respectively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042492 gamma-delta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046629 gamma-delta T cell activation The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic cell acquires specialized features of a gamma-delta T cell. A gamma-delta T cell is a T cell that expresses a gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042592 homeostatic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042593 glucose homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033500 carbohydrate homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042641 actomyosin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042645 mitochondrial nucleoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009295 nucleoid The region of a mitochondrion to which the DNA is confined. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042755 eating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007631 feeding behavior The specific behavior of an organism relating to the intake of food, any substance (usually solid) that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042756 drinking behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007631 feeding behavior The specific behavior of an organism relating to the intake of liquids, especially water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042921 glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031958 corticosteroid receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by glucocorticoid binding to its receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043067 regulation of programmed cell death Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042995 cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043009 chordate embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009792 embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through a stage including a notochord and neural tube until birth or egg hatching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043010 camera-type eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001654 eye development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the camera-type eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043011 myeloid dendritic cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097028 dendritic cell differentiation The process in which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a dendritic cell, an immunocompetent cell of the lymphoid and hemopoietic systems and skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043029 T cell homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002260 lymphocyte homeostasis The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of T cells such that the total number of T cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043043 peptide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. This may include the translation of a precursor protein and its subsequent processing into a functional peptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043073 germ cell nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005634 cell nucleus The nucleus of a germ cell, a reproductive cell in multicellular organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043114 regulation of vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003018 vascular process in circulatory system Any process that modulates the extent to which blood vessels can be pervaded by fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043168 anion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043167 ion binding Binding to an anion, a charged atom or group of atoms with a net negative charge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043171 peptide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043178 alcohol binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to an alcohol, any of a class of alkyl compounds containing a hydroxyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043207 response to external biotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009607 response to biotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external biotic stimulus, an external stimulus caused by, or produced by living things. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043228 non-membrane-bounded organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043235 receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043254 regulation of protein-containing complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043299 leukocyte degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045055 regulated exocytosis The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules by a leukocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043303 mast cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051656 establishment of organelle localization The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a mast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043367 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035710 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a mature CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043374 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036037 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a mature CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043401 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009755 hormone-mediated signaling pathway The series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043414 macromolecule methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043412 macromolecule modification The covalent attachment of a methyl residue to one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological macromolecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043436 oxoacid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006082 organic acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any oxoacid; an oxoacid is a compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043467 regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and the processes involved in the liberation of energy from these substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043500 muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003012 muscle system process A process in which muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043531 ADP binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043168 anion binding Binding to ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043534 blood vessel endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043542 endothelial cell migration The orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels during angiogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043603 amide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group, as carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043604 amide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044271 cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043605 amide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043891 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+) (phosphorylating) activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016620 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD(P)+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NAD(P)H + H+. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043933 protein-containing complex organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044065 regulation of respiratory system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043576 regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a respiratory system process, an organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044271 cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044249 cellular biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044272 sulfur compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006790 sulfur compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044273 sulfur compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006790 sulfur compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044282 small molecule catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044283 small molecule biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044703 multi-organism reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals, involving another organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044772 mitotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044770 cell cycle phase transition The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next mitotic cell cycle phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044839 cell cycle G2/M phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044770 cell cycle phase transition The cell cycle process by which a cell in G2 phase commits to M phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044848 biological phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process A distinct period or stage in a biological process or cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045026 plasma membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061025 membrane fusion The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane that surround a cell with that of another cell, producing a single cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045028 G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with a purine nucleotide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045055 regulated exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006887 exocytosis A process of exocytosis in which soluble proteins and other substances are initially stored in secretory vesicles for later release. It is found mainly in cells that are specialized for secreting products such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or digestive enzymes rapidly on demand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045063 T-helper 1 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042093 T-helper cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires the specialized features of a T-helper 1 (Th1) cell. A Th1 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive and produces interferon-gamma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045064 T-helper 2 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042093 T-helper cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a T-helper 2 (Th2) cell. A Th2 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype GATA-3-positive and produces interleukin-4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045087 innate immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140546 defense response to symbiont Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045088 regulation of innate immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045089 positive regulation of innate immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050778 positive regulation of immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045120 pronucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005634 cell nucleus The nucleus of either the ovum or the spermatozoon following fertilization. Thus, in the fertilized ovum, there are two pronuclei, one originating from the ovum, the other from the spermatozoon that brought about fertilization; they approach each other, but do not fuse until just before the first cleavage, when each pronucleus loses its membrane to release its contents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045123 cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration The migration of a leukocyte from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045165 cell fate commitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process The cellular developmental process by which a cell establishes the intrinsic character of a cell or tissue region irreversibly committing it to a particular fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045216 cell-cell junction organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034330 cell junction organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045321 leukocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045446 endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a mesodermal, bone marrow or neural crest cell acquires specialized features of an endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell. A layer of such cells lines the inside surfaces of body cavities, blood vessels, and lymph vessels, making up the endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045576 mast cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002274 myeloid leukocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045577 regulation of B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050864 regulation of B cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045578 negative regulation of B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050869 negative regulation of B cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045579 positive regulation of B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050871 positive regulation of B cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045637 regulation of myeloid cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903706 regulation of hemopoiesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045638 negative regulation of myeloid cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045637 regulation of myeloid cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045639 positive regulation of myeloid cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045744 negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008277 regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045786 negative regulation of cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051726 regulation of cell cycle Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045822 negative regulation of heart contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008016 regulation of heart contraction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045823 positive regulation of heart contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008016 regulation of heart contraction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045824 negative regulation of innate immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045839 negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mitosis. Mitosis is the division of the eukaryotic cell nucleus to produce two daughter nuclei that, usually, contain the identical chromosome complement to their mother. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045892 negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902679 negative regulation of RNA biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006355 regulation of DNA-templated transcription Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045910 negative regulation of DNA recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000018 regulation of DNA recombination Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045911 positive regulation of DNA recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051054 positive regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045916 negative regulation of complement activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030449 regulation of complement activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045917 positive regulation of complement activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030449 regulation of complement activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045920 negative regulation of exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903531 negative regulation of secretion by cell Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045921 positive regulation of exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903532 positive regulation of secretion by cell Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045953 negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042269 regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of natural killer mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045954 positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042269 regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045995 regulation of embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046165 alcohol biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044283 small molecule biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046219 indolalkylamine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042435 indole-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046394 carboxylic acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016053 organic acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046483 heterocycle metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046513 ceramide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043604 amide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046530 photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The specialization of organization of a photoreceptor, a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046620 regulation of organ growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organ of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046629 gamma-delta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110 T cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a gamma-delta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046631 alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110 T cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046632 alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046631 alpha-beta T cell activation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of an alpha-beta T cell. An alpha-beta T cell is a T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046649 lymphocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045321 leukocyte activation A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046651 lymphocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032943 mononuclear cell proliferation The expansion of a lymphocyte population by cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046661 male sex differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007548 sex differentiation The establishment of the sex of a male organism by physical differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046700 heterocycle catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046483 heterocycle metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046717 acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 secretion The controlled release of acid by a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046872 metal ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to a metal ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046879 hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023061 signal release The regulated release of hormones, substances with a specific regulatory effect on a particular organ or group of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The controlled release of a substance by a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046928 regulation of neurotransmitter secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0047484 regulation of response to osmotic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080134 regulation of response to stress Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the response to osmotic stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048002 antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882 antigen processing and presentation The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses peptide antigen in association with an MHC protein complex on its cell surface, including proteolysis and transport steps for the peptide antigen both prior to and following assembly with the MHC protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from an endogenous or exogenous protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048143 astrocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061900 glial cell activation A change in morphology and behavior of an astrocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048162 multi-layer follicle stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022605 mammalian oogenesis stage The stage in oogenesis when many layers of follicle cells surround the oocyte. There is a yolk nucleus (Balbiani's Body) near the germinal vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048165 fused antrum stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022605 mammalian oogenesis stage The stage in oogenesis when the antral spaces fuse to form a single antral space. The oocyte is suspended in the cumulus oophorous and the first polar body in the perivitelline space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048209 regulation of vesicle targeting, to, from or within Golgi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060341 regulation of cellular localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or destination of vesicle-mediated transport to, from or within the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048247 lymphocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030595 leukocyte chemotaxis The directed movement of a lymphocyte in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048284 organelle fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization The creation of a single organelle from two or more organelles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048285 organelle fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization The creation of two or more organelles by division of one organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048308 organelle inheritance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization The partitioning of organelles between daughter cells at cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048332 mesoderm morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesoderm are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048333 mesodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a mesoderm cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048368 lateral mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process The cellular developmental process in which a specific cell progresses from an immature to a mature state. Cell development start once cell commitment has taken place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation The cellular developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a specific cell to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048505 regulation of timing of cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation The process controlling the activation and/or rate at which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized features. Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the XXX at a consistent predetermined time point during its development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048514 blood vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035239 tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of blood vessels are generated and organized. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048518 positive regulation of biological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048519 negative regulation of biological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048532 anatomical structure arrangement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The process that gives rise to the configuration of the constituent parts of an anatomical structure. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048562 embryonic organ morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis Morphogenesis, during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048568 embryonic organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development Development, taking place during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048584 positive regulation of response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048585 negative regulation of response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048588 developmental cell growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The growth of a cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from one condition to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 growth The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell, where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the organism over time from one condition to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048592 eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090596 sensory organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048593 camera-type eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048592 eye morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048596 embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048048 embryonic eye morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized during embryonic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. The embryonic phase begins with zygote formation. The end of the embryonic phase is organism-specific. For example, it would be at birth for mammals, larval hatching for insects and seed dormancy in plants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048599 oocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007281 germ cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of somatic structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048645 animal organ formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process pertaining to the initial formation of an animal organ from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure, such as inductive events, and ends when the structural rudiment of the organ is recognizable, such as a condensation of mesenchymal cells into the organ rudiment. Organs are a natural part or structure in an animal or a plant, capable of performing some special action (termed its function), which is essential to the life or well-being of the whole. The heart and lungs are organs of animals, and the petal and leaf are organs of plants. In animals the organs are generally made up of several tissues, one of which usually predominates, and determines the principal function of the organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an anatomical structure from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048663 neuron fate commitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045165 cell fate commitment The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000902 cell morphogenesis The process in which the structures of a neuron are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048699 generation of neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022008 neurogenesis The process in which nerve cells are generated. This includes the production of neuroblasts and their differentiation into neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048705 skeletal system morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the skeleton are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A gland is an organ specialised for secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048733 sebaceous gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sebaceous gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048738 cardiac muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014706 striated muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048749 compound eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001654 eye development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the compound eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The compound eye is an organ of sight that contains multiple repeating units, often arranged hexagonally. Each unit has its own lens and photoreceptor cell(s) and can generate either a single pixelated image or multiple images, per eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048754 branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061138 morphogenesis of a branching epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of branches in an epithelial tube are generated and organized. A tube is a long hollow cylinder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048771 tissue remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The reorganization or renovation of existing tissues. This process can either change the characteristics of a tissue such as in blood vessel remodeling, or result in the dynamic equilibrium of a tissue such as in bone remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048845 venous blood vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048514 blood vessel morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of venous blood vessels are generated and organized. Veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the body and its organs to the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048858 cell projection morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030030 cell projection organization The process in which the anatomical structures of a cell projection are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cell over time from an initial condition to a later condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048870 cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048871 multicellular organismal-level homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042592 homeostatic process Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048872 homeostasis of number of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048871 multicellular organismal-level homeostasis Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050679 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050680 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050727 regulation of inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050728 negative regulation of inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050727 regulation of inflammatory response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050769 positive regulation of neurogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050767 regulation of neurogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells within the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050777 negative regulation of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050778 positive regulation of immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050806 positive regulation of synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010647 positive regulation of cell communication Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050808 synapse organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034330 cell junction organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050865 regulation of cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell activation, the change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050866 negative regulation of cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050867 positive regulation of cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050878 regulation of body fluid levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality Any process that modulates the levels of body fluids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050881 musculoskeletal movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050879 multicellular organismal movement The movement of an organism or part of an organism using mechanoreceptors, the nervous system, striated muscle and/or the skeletal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050886 endocrine process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process The process that involves the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050891 multicellular organismal-level water homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140962 multicellular organismal-level chemical homeostasis A chemical homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of water within extracellular body fluids, such as blood, xylem or phloem, of a multicellular organism. This is distinct from maintenance of cellular homeostasis, which occurs within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050892 intestinal absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022600 digestive system process Any process in which nutrients are taken up from the contents of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050905 neuromuscular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process Any process pertaining to the functions of the nervous and muscular systems of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050912 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050907 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events involved in the perception of taste in which a gustatory chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050913 sensory perception of bitter taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050909 sensory perception of taste The series of events required to receive a bitter taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050914 sensory perception of salty taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050909 sensory perception of taste The series of events required to receive a salty taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050915 sensory perception of sour taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050909 sensory perception of taste The series of events required to receive a sour taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050916 sensory perception of sweet taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050909 sensory perception of taste The series of events required to receive a sweet taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050920 regulation of chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040012 regulation of locomotion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050921 positive regulation of chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040017 positive regulation of locomotion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050922 negative regulation of chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050982 detection of mechanical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009582 detection of abiotic stimulus The series of events by which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051046 regulation of secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051047 positive regulation of secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051048 negative regulation of secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051093 negative regulation of developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051094 positive regulation of developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051156 glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901135 carbohydrate derivative metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose 6-phosphate, a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051216 cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cartilage element over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage elements are skeletal elements that consist of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, any of the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051252 regulation of RNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051254 positive regulation of RNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045935 positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051258 protein polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065003 protein-containing complex assembly The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051276 chromosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information. This term covers covalent modifications at the molecular level as well as spatial relationships among the major components of a chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051302 regulation of cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of a cell into daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051307 meiotic chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051304 chromosome separation The process in which chromosomes are physically detached from each other during meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051321 meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell via two nuclear divisions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051493 regulation of cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051503 adenine nucleotide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015865 purine nucleotide transport The directed movement of adenine nucleotides, ATP, ADP, and/or AMP, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051590 positive regulation of neurotransmitter transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051603 proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006508 proteolysis The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051608 histamine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of histamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051707 response to other organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044419 biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from another living organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051726 regulation of cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051955 regulation of amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051952 regulation of amine transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051956 negative regulation of amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051953 negative regulation of amine transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051957 positive regulation of amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051954 positive regulation of amine transport Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0052689 carboxylic ester hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016788 hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a carboxylic ester bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0052803 imidazole-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving imidazoles, five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0052805 imidazole-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of imidazoles, five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055008 cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060415 muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac muscle tissue are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055010 ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055008 cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac ventricle muscle is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055017 cardiac muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The increase in size or mass of a cardiac muscle, where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the organism over time from one condition to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048878 chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of a chemical within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060033 anatomical structure regression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process The developmental process in which an anatomical stucture is destroyed as a part of its normal progression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060039 pericardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pericardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pericardium is a double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the aorta, vena cava and the pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060041 retina development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060117 auditory receptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060119 inner ear receptor cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an auditory receptor cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060135 maternal process involved in female pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process A reproductive process occurring in the mother that allows an embryo or fetus to develop within it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060231 mesenchymal to epithelial transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060232 delamination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022408 negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion The process of negative regulation of cell adhesion that results in a cell or sheet of cells splitting off from an existing epithelial sheet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060249 anatomical structure homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048871 multicellular organismal-level homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within a defined anatomical structure of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060317 cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001837 epithelial to mesenchymal transition A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060350 endochondral bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060349 bone morphogenesis The process in which bones are generated and organized as a result of the conversion of initial cartilaginous anlage into bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060351 cartilage development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051216 cartilage development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060379 cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045445 myoblast differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac myoblast. A cardiac myoblast is a precursor cell that has been committed to a cardiac muscle cell fate but retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060411 cardiac septum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of a cardiac septum is generated and organized. A cardiac septum is a partition that separates parts of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060412 ventricular septum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060411 cardiac septum morphogenesis The developmental process in which a ventricular septum is generated and organized. A ventricular septum is an anatomical structure that separates the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart from one another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060413 atrial septum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060411 cardiac septum morphogenesis The developmental process in which atrial septum is generated and organized. The atrial septum separates the upper chambers (the atria) of the heart from one another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060415 muscle tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of muscle tissue are generated and organized. Muscle tissue consists of a set of cells that are part of an organ and carry out a contractive function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060419 heart growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035265 organ growth The increase in size or mass of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060536 cartilage morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of cartilage are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060538 skeletal muscle organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007517 muscle organ development The progression of a skeletal muscle organ over time from its initial formation to its mature state. A skeletal muscle organ includes the skeletal muscle tissue and its associated connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The increase in size or mass of an anatomical structure that contributes to the structure attaining its shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060561 apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902742 apoptotic process involved in development Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an epithelium. Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060563 neuroepithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002065 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation The process in which epiblast cells acquire specialized features of neuroepithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060571 morphogenesis of an epithelial fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060606 tube closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035148 tube formation Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure by sealing the edges of an epithelial fold. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060632 regulation of microtubule-based movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032886 regulation of microtubule-based process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of microtubule-based movement, the movement of organelles, other microtubules and other particles along microtubules, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060675 ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072171 mesonephric tubule morphogenesis The process in which the ureteric bud is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060759 regulation of response to cytokine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060760 positive regulation of response to cytokine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060759 regulation of response to cytokine stimulus Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060761 negative regulation of response to cytokine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060759 regulation of response to cytokine stimulus Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of a response to cytokine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process in which an ectodermal placode forms. An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060795 cell fate commitment involved in formation of primary germ layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045165 cell fate commitment The commitment of cells to specific cell fates of the endoderm, ectoderm, or mesoderm as a part of gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060841 venous blood vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001568 blood vessel development The progression of the venous blood vessel over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. Venous blood vessels carry blood back to the heart after the capillary bed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060900 embryonic camera-type eye formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a camera-type eye from unspecified neurectoderm. This process begins with the differentiation of cells that form the optic field and ends when the optic cup has attained its shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060914 heart formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048645 animal organ formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the heart from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the heart field and the arrival of cardiac neural crest to the heart region. The process ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060932 His-Purkinje system cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055007 cardiac muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cell of the His-Purkinje system. These cells form the fibers regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060973 cell migration involved in heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the progression of the heart over time, from its initial formation, to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060974 cell migration involved in heart formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060973 cell migration involved in heart development The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that contribute to the formation of the heart. The initial heart structure is made up of mesoderm-derived heart progenitor cells and neural crest-derived cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060976 coronary vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001568 blood vessel development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blood vessels of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060977 coronary vasculature morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048514 blood vessel morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of blood vessels of the heart are generated and organized. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060993 kidney morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis Morphogenesis of a kidney. A kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061008 hepaticobiliary system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The progression of the hepaticobiliary system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061025 membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization The membrane organization process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061035 regulation of cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061049 cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048588 developmental cell growth The growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061053 somite development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The progression of a somite from its initial formation to the mature structure. Somites are mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061081 positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte cytokine production involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002720 positive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the production of a cytokine that contributes to the immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061082 myeloid leukocyte cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002367 cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a myeloid cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061308 cardiac neural crest cell development involved in heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014032 neural crest cell development The process aimed at the progression of a cardiac neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell that contributes to the development of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061309 cardiac neural crest cell development involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061308 cardiac neural crest cell development involved in heart development The process aimed at the progression of a cardiac neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell that contributes to the shaping of the outflow tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061311 cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007166 cell surface receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand the binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, which contributes to the progression of the heart over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061323 cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061343 cell adhesion involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007155 cell adhesion The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules that contributes to the shaping of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061371 determination of heart left/right asymmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007368 determination of left/right symmetry Determination of the asymmetric location of the heart with respect to the left and right halves of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061384 heart trabecula morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061383 trabecula morphogenesis The process of shaping a trabecula in the heart. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061387 regulation of extent of cell growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001558 regulation of cell growth Any process that modulates the extent of cell growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The progression of a connective tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061640 cytoskeleton-dependent cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000910 cytokinesis A cytokinesis that involves the function of a set of proteins that are part of the microfilament or microtubule cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061651 Atg12 conjugating enzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061650 ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme activity Isoenergetic transfer of Atg12 from one protein to another via the reaction X-Atg12 + Y = Y-Atg12 + X, where both the X-Atg12 and Y-Atg12 linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of Atg12 and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061660 Atg12 ligase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061659 ubiquitin-like protein ligase activity Catalysis of the transfer of Atg12 to a substrate protein via the reaction X-Atg12 + S = X + S-Atg12, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-Atg12 linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-Atg12 linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal amino acid of Atg12 and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061695 transferase complex, transferring phosphorus-containing groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990234 transferase complex A transferase complex capable of catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061844 antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019730 antimicrobial humoral response An immune response against microbes mediated by anti-microbial peptides in body fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065004 protein-DNA complex assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071824 protein-DNA complex organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and DNA molecules to form a protein-DNA complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation Any process that modulates a qualitative or quantitative trait of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070227 lymphocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071887 leukocyte apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a lymphocyte, a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070228 regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000106 regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of lymphocyte death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070229 negative regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000107 negative regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070230 positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000108 positive regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070252 actin-mediated cell contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030048 actin filament-based movement The actin filament-based process in which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in contraction of all or part of the cell body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070278 extracellular matrix constituent secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032940 secretion by cell The controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070482 response to oxygen levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009628 response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070483 detection of hypoxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003032 detection of oxygen The series of events in which a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070586 cell-cell adhesion involved in gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098742 cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules The attachment of one cell to another cell affecting gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070661 leukocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The expansion of a leukocyte population by cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070887 cellular response to chemical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070925 organelle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an organelle. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071248 cellular response to metal ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010038 response to metal ion Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071621 granulocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097530 granulocyte migration The movement of a granulocyte in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071674 mononuclear cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration The movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021700 developmental maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an anatomical structure to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071709 membrane assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071824 protein-DNA complex organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043933 protein-containing complex organization Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-DNA complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071887 leukocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a leukocyte, an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071897 DNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034654 nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process The biosynthetic process resulting in the formation of DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072001 renal system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal system maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072132 mesenchyme morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072164 mesonephric tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072163 mesonephric epithelium development The progression of a mesonephric tubule over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072175 epithelial tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035148 tube formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an epithelial tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072202 cell differentiation involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061005 cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the metanephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072215 regulation of metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090183 regulation of kidney development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of metanephros development. Metanephros development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072217 negative regulation of metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090185 negative regulation of kidney development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of metanephros development. Metanephros development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephros is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072283 metanephric renal vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072077 renal vesicle morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric renal vesicle are generated and organized. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the metanephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072330 monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046394 carboxylic acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (-COOH) group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072341 modified amino acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a modified amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072348 sulfur compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of compounds that contain sulfur, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072349 modified amino acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of modified amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072376 protein activation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051604 protein maturation A sequential series of modifications to a set of proteins where the product of one reaction catalyzes the following reaction, ultimately leading to the generation of a mature protein. Modifications typically include proteolysis or covalent modification, and may also include binding events. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080135 regulation of cellular response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080134 regulation of response to stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular response to stress. Cellular response to stress is a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090087 regulation of peptide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090148 membrane fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the separation of a single continuous membrane into two membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090171 chondrocyte morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000902 cell morphogenesis The process in which the structures of a chondrocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a chondrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090174 organelle membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061025 membrane fusion The joining of two lipid bilayers to form a single organelle membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090529 cell septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032506 cytokinetic process The assembly and arrangement of a cellular component that is composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials and usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha. It grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090594 inflammatory response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009611 response to wounding The immediate defensive reaction by vertebrate tissue to injury caused by chemical or physical agents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090715 immunological memory formation process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090713 immunological memory process Any immunological memory process that can contribute to the formation of immunological memory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097028 dendritic cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903131 mononuclear cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a dendritic cell. A dendritic cell is a leukocyte of dendritic lineage specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097159 organic cyclic compound binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to an organic cyclic compound, any molecular entity that contains carbon arranged in a cyclic molecular structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097164 ammonium ion metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving the ammonium ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097190 apoptotic signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction The series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097205 renal filtration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003014 renal system process A renal system process in which fluid circulating through the body is filtered through a barrier system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097367 carbohydrate derivative binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a carbohydrate derivative. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097529 myeloid leukocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration The movement of a myeloid leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097642 calcitonin family receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008528 G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity Combining with any member of the calcitonin family (e.g. adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin), amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs)) to initiate a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097733 photoreceptor cell cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097731 9+0 non-motile cilium A specialised 9+0 non-motile cilium found in photoreceptor cells. A ciliary transition zone called 'photoreceptor connecting cilium' links the photoreceptor outer segment to the inner segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097746 blood vessel diameter maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035296 regulation of tube diameter Any process that modulates the diameter of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098542 defense response to other organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051707 response to other organism Reactions triggered in response to the presence of another organism that act to protect the cell or organism from damage caused by that organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098588 bounding membrane of organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane The lipid bilayer that forms the outer-most layer of an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098657 import into cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of some substance from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098687 chromosomal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Any subdivision of a chromosome along its length. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098734 macromolecule depalmitoylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098732 macromolecule deacylation The removal of palymitoyl groups from a macromolecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098742 cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that are at least partially embedded in the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098773 skin epidermis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008544 epidermis development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex Any protein complex that is part of a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098800 inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex Any protein complex that is part of the inner mitochondrial membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098801 regulation of renal system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by the renal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098813 nuclear chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007059 chromosome segregation The process in which genetic material, in the form of nuclear chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. Nuclear chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098852 lytic vacuole membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005774 vacuolar membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a lytic vacuole and separating its contents from the cytoplasm of the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098868 bone growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035265 organ growth The increase in size or mass of a bone that contributes to the shaping of that bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098988 G protein-coupled glutamate receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with glutamate and transmitting a signal from one side of the membrane to the other by activating an associated G-protein, initiating a change in cell activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099086 synaptonemal structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099512 supramolecular fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099081 supramolecular polymer A polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099513 polymeric cytoskeletal fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099512 supramolecular fiber A component of the cytoskeleton consisting of a homo or heteropolymeric fiber constructed from an indeterminate number of protein subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099612 protein localization to axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization A process in which a protein is transported to or maintained in a location within an axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900150 regulation of defense response to fungus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to fungus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900424 regulation of defense response to bacterium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to bacterium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900425 negative regulation of defense response to bacterium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to bacterium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900426 positive regulation of defense response to bacterium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900424 regulation of defense response to bacterium Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to bacterium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901265 nucleoside phosphate binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097159 organic cyclic compound binding Binding to nucleoside phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic cyclic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901361 organic cyclic compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic cyclic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901362 organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901360 organic cyclic compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic cyclic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901363 heterocyclic compound binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to heterocyclic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving organonitrogen compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organonitrogen compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organonitrogen compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901605 alpha-amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an alpha-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901607 alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901605 alpha-amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an alpha-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901681 sulfur compound binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a sulfur compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901682 sulfur compound transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a sulfur compound from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxygen-containing compound stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901991 negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901988 negative regulation of cell cycle phase transition Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902105 regulation of leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903706 regulation of hemopoiesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902106 negative regulation of leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903707 negative regulation of hemopoiesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902107 positive regulation of leukocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903708 positive regulation of hemopoiesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902275 regulation of chromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902369 negative regulation of RNA catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902410 mitotic cytokinetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process Any cytokinetic process that is involved in mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902494 catalytic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex which is capable of catalytic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902692 regulation of neuroblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000177 regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902742 apoptotic process involved in development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process that is involved in anatomical structure development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903010 regulation of bone development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process A process that is part of the meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process A process that is part of the mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903050 regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030162 regulation of proteolysis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proteolysis involved in cellular catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903051 negative regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903052 positive regulation of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045862 positive regulation of proteolysis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903053 regulation of extracellular matrix organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903054 negative regulation of extracellular matrix organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903055 positive regulation of extracellular matrix organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903530 regulation of secretion by cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051046 regulation of secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secretion by cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903531 negative regulation of secretion by cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903530 regulation of secretion by cell Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of secretion by cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903532 positive regulation of secretion by cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of secretion by cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903578 regulation of ATP metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051174 regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ATP metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904746 negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904748 regulation of apoptotic process involved in development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904747 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904748 regulation of apoptotic process involved in development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905037 autophagosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007033 vacuole organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an autophagosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905039 carboxylic acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The process in which carboxylic acid is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905145 cellular response to acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901701 cellular response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetylcholine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905314 semi-lunar valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003170 heart valve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a semi-lunar valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905330 regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of morphogenesis of an epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905331 negative regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905330 regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of morphogenesis of an epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990234 transferase complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902494 catalytic complex A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990845 adaptive thermogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The regulated production of heat in response to short term environmental changes, such as stress, diet or reduced temperature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of multicellular organismal development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000114 regulation of establishment of cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032878 regulation of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of cell polarity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000136 regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000137 negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000138 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000136 regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000179 positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000177 regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000257 regulation of protein activation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903317 regulation of protein maturation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein activation cascade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000258 negative regulation of protein activation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903318 negative regulation of protein maturation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein activation cascade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000259 positive regulation of protein activation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903319 positive regulation of protein maturation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein activation cascade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000648 positive regulation of stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072091 regulation of stem cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000696 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000697 negative regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000696 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000793 cell proliferation involved in heart valve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation Any cell proliferation that is involved in heart valve development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000826 regulation of heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000858 regulation of aldosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000855 regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aldosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001141 regulation of RNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051252 regulation of RNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018933 nicotine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018967 tetrachloroethylene metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042196 chlorinated hydrocarbon metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrachloroethylene (tetrachloroethene), a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines. Tetrachloroethene has been used primarily as a solvent in dry-cleaning industries and to a lesser extent as a degreasing solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018979 trichloroethylene metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042196 chlorinated hydrocarbon metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019215 intermediate filament binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to an intermediate filament, a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of higher eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080090 regulation of primary metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019226 transmission of nerve impulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019228 neuronal action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001508 action potential An action potential that occurs in a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019230 proprioception http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception is mediated by proprioceptors, sensory nerve terminals found in muscles, tendons, and joint capsules, which give information concerning movements and position of the body. The receptors in the labyrinth are sometimes also considered proprioceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019233 sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007600 sensory perception The series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Pain is medically defined as the physical sensation of discomfort or distress caused by injury or illness, so can hence be described as a harmful stimulus which signals current (or impending) tissue damage. Pain may come from extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, electricity or from noxious chemical substances. This is a neurological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019302 D-ribose biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019322 pentose biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose, (ribo-pentose). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019303 D-ribose catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019323 pentose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-ribose (ribo-pentose). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019336 phenol-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901616 organic hydroxy compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019362 pyridine nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072524 pyridine-containing compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019377 glycolipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046466 membrane lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019413 acetate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072330 monocarboxylic acid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate, the anion of acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019478 D-amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046416 D-amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019614 catechol-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019336 phenol-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019626 short-chain fatty acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046459 short-chain fatty acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a short-chain fatty acid. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019653 anaerobic purine nucleobase catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019666 nitrogenous compound fermentation The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, yielding energy in the form of ATP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019666 nitrogenous compound fermentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nitrogen-containing compound, yielding energy in the form of ATP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019695 choline metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097164 ammonium ion metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019777 Atg12 transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019787 ubiquitin-like protein transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of ATG12 from one protein to another via the reaction X-ATG12 + Y = Y-ATG12 + X, where both X-ATG12 and Y-ATG12 are covalent linkages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds and sometimes complexed with additional proteins. An immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019815 B cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex An immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019825 oxygen binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to oxygen (O2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021501 prechordal plate formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of the prechordal plate. The prechordal plate is a thickening of the endoderm at the cranial end of the primitive streak formed by the involution of Spemann's organizer cells. The prechordal plate and the notochord induce the formation of the neural plate from the overlying ectodermal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021502 neural fold elevation formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process in which the lateral borders of the neural plate begin to migrate upwards to form the neural folds, caused by the proliferation of the underlying mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021506 anterior neuropore closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016331 morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium The joining together of the neural folds of the rostral opening of the neural tube. The anterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021507 posterior neuropore closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060608 cell-cell adhesion involved in neural tube closure The joining together of the neural folds of the caudal opening of the neural tube. The posterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021508 floor plate formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of a ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021509 roof plate formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of a single row of glia at the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube. This region provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types and of the specification of neural crest cells. The cells comprising the roof plate are the precursors to radial glial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021510 spinal cord development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spinal cord primarily conducts sensory and motor nerve impulses between the brain and the peripheral nervous tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021514 ventral spinal cord interneuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of ventral spinal cord interneurons. Ventral spinal cord interneurons are cells located in the ventral portion of the spinal cord that transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons and are required for reflexive responses. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021515 cell differentiation in spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021516 dorsal spinal cord development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021517 ventral spinal cord development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021522 spinal cord motor neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the ventral neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of motor neurons. Motor neurons innervate an effector (muscle or glandular) tissue and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses from the brain to the periphery. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021523 somatic motor neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021522 spinal cord motor neuron differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of somatic motor neurons. Somatic motor neurons innervate skeletal muscle targets and are responsible for transmission of motor impulses from the brain to the periphery. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021531 spinal cord radial glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060019 radial glial cell differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the ventral neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of radial glial cells. Radial cell precursors differentiate into both neuronal cell types and mature radial glial cells. Mature radial glial cells regulate the axon growth and pathfinding processes that occur during white matter patterning of the developing spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021532 neural tube patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The regionalization process that regulates the coordinated growth that establishes the non-random spatial arrangement of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021533 cell differentiation in hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cells of the hindbrain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021534 cell proliferation in hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061351 neural precursor cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021535 cell migration in hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a cell that will reside in the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021536 diencephalon development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the diencephalon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The diencephalon is the paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus are derived; these regions regulate autonomic, visceral and endocrine function, and process information directed to the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021537 telencephalon development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the telencephalon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The telencephalon is the paired anteriolateral division of the prosencephalon plus the lamina terminalis from which the olfactory lobes, cerebral cortex, and subcortical nuclei are derived. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021538 epithalamus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the epithalamus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The epithalamus is the small dorsomedial area of the thalamus including the habenular nuclei and associated fiber bundles, the pineal body, and the epithelial roof of the third ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021539 subthalamus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the subthalamus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The subthalamus is the anterior part of the diencephalon that lies between the thalamus, hypothalamus, and tegmentum of the mesencephalon, including subthalamic nucleus, zona incerta, the fields of Forel, and the nucleus of ansa lenticularis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021540 corpus callosum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021952 central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the corpus callosum are generated and organized. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021541 ammon gyrus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ammon gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ammon gyrus, often subdivided into the CA1 and CA3 regions, is one of the two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus that is rich in large pyramidal neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021542 dentate gyrus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021543 pallium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pallium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pallium is the roof region of the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021544 subpallium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the subpallium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The subpallium is the base region of the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021675 nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cranial nerves over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the rhombomere over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021547 midbrain-hindbrain boundary initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The regionalization process that gives rise to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021548 pons development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pons over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pons lies above the medulla and next to the cerebellum. The pons conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021549 cerebellum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. In mice, the cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021550 medulla oblongata development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the medulla oblongata over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021551 central nervous system morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the central nervous system is generated and organized. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021553 olfactory nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the olfactory nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The olfactory nerve is a collection of sensory nerve rootlets that extend down from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity. This nerve conducts odor information to the brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021554 optic nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the optic nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sensory optic nerve originates from the bipolar cells of the retina and conducts visual information to the brainstem. The optic nerve exits the back of the eye in the orbit, enters the optic canal, and enters the central nervous system at the optic chiasm (crossing) where the nerve fibers become the optic tract just prior to entering the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021555 midbrain-hindbrain boundary morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary is generated and organized. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021556 central nervous system formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the central nervous system. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021557 oculomotor nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the oculomotor nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021558 trochlear nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trochlear nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021559 trigeminal nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trigeminal nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021560 abducens nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the abducens nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The motor function of the abducens nerve is to contract the lateral rectus which results in abduction of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021561 facial nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the facial nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives off nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021562 vestibulocochlear nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vestibulocochlear nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021563 glossopharyngeal nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021564 vagus nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vagus nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This nerve is primarily sensory but also has visceromotor components. It originates in the brain stem and controls many autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, stomach, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract components. It controls some motor functions such as speech. The sensory branches mediate sensation from the pharynx, larynx, thorax and abdomen; it also innervates taste buds in the epiglottis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021565 accessory nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the accessory nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mice, the spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021566 hypoglossal nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021545 cranial nerve development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypoglossal nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021567 rhombomere 1 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 1 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021568 rhombomere 2 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 2 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021569 rhombomere 3 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 3 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021570 rhombomere 4 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 4 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021571 rhombomere 5 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 5 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021572 rhombomere 6 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 6 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021573 rhombomere 7 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 7 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021574 rhombomere 8 development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021546 rhombomere development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 8 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021575 hindbrain morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the hindbrain is generated and organized. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021576 hindbrain formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the hindbrain. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021578 hindbrain maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the hindbrain to attain its fully functional state. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021579 medulla oblongata morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the medulla oblongata is generated and organized. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021580 medulla oblongata formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the medulla oblongata. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021582 medulla oblongata maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the medulla oblongata to attain its fully functional state. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021583 pons morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the pons is generated and organized. The pons lies above the medulla and next to the cerebellum. The pons conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021584 pons formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the pons. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The pons lies above the medulla and next to the cerebellum. The pons conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021586 pons maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the pons to attain its fully functional state. The pons lies above the medulla and next to the cerebellum. The pons conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021587 cerebellum morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellum is generated and organized. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021588 cerebellum formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the cerebellum. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021590 cerebellum maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellum to attain its fully functional state. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021591 ventricular system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain ventricular system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The brain ventricular system consists of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. These cavities include two lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and the fourth ventricle. Cerebrospinal fluid fills the ventricles and is produced by the choroid plexus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021592 fourth ventricle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fourth ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fourth ventricle is an irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the rhombomere is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the rhombomere. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021598 abducens nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the abducens nerve is generated and organized. The motor function of the abducens nerve is to contract the lateral rectus which results in abduction of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021599 abducens nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the abducens nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The motor function of the abducens nerve is to contract the lateral rectus which results in abduction of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021601 abducens nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the abducens nerve to attain its fully functional state. The motor function of the abducens nerve is to contract the lateral rectus which results in abduction of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the cranial nerves are generated and organized. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the cranial nerves. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021682 nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cranial nerve to attain its fully functional state. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021606 accessory nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the accessory nerve to attain its fully functional state. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021607 accessory nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the accessory nerve is generated and organized. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021608 accessory nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the accessory nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021610 facial nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the facial nerve is generated and organized. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives of nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021611 facial nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the facial nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives of nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021613 facial nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the facial nerve to attain its fully functional state. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives of nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021614 glossopharyngeal nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the glossopharyngeal nerve to attain its fully functional state. Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021615 glossopharyngeal nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the glossopharyngeal nerve is generated and organized. Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021616 glossopharyngeal nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the glossopharyngeal nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021618 hypoglossal nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the hypoglossal nerve is generated and organized. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021619 hypoglossal nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the hypoglossal nerve to attain its fully functional state. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021620 hypoglossal nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the hypoglossal nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021622 oculomotor nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the oculomotor nerve is generated and organized. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021623 oculomotor nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the oculomotor nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021625 oculomotor nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the oculomotor nerve to attain its fully functional state. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021626 central nervous system maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the central nervous system to attain its fully functional state. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021627 olfactory nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the olfactory nerve is generated and organized. The olfactory nerve is a collection of sensory nerve rootlets that extend down from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity. This nerve conducts odor information to the brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021628 olfactory nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the olfactory nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The olfactory nerve is a collection of sensory nerve rootlets that extend down from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity. This nerve conducts odor information to the brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021630 olfactory nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the olfactory nerve to attain its fully functional state. The olfactory nerve is a collection of sensory nerve rootlets that extend down from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity. This nerve conducts odor information to the brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021631 optic nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the optic nerve is generated and organized. The sensory optic nerve originates from the bipolar cells of the retina and conducts visual information to the brainstem. The optic nerve exits the back of the eye in the orbit, enters the optic canal, and enters the central nervous system at the optic chiasm (crossing) where the nerve fibers become the optic tract just prior to entering the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021632 optic nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the optic nerve to attain its fully functional state. The sensory optic nerve originates from the bipolar cells of the retina and conducts visual information to the brainstem. The optic nerve exits the back of the eye in the orbit, enters the optic canal, and enters the central nervous system at the optic chiasm (crossing) where the nerve fibers become the optic tract just prior to entering the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021634 optic nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the optic nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The sensory optic nerve originates from the bipolar cells of the retina and conducts visual information to the brainstem. The optic nerve exits the back of the eye in the orbit, enters the optic canal, and enters the central nervous system at the optic chiasm (crossing) where the nerve fibers become the optic tract just prior to entering the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021635 trigeminal nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the trigeminal nerve to attain its fully functional state. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021636 trigeminal nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the trigeminal nerve is generated and organized. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021638 trigeminal nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the trigeminal nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021639 trochlear nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the trochlear nerve is generated and organized. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021640 trochlear nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the trochlear nerve to attain its fully functional state. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021642 trochlear nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the trochlear nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021643 vagus nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the vagus nerve to attain its fully functional state. This nerve is primarily sensory but also has visceromotor components. It originates in the brain stem and controls many autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, stomach, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract components. It controls some motor functions such as speech. The sensory branches mediate sensation from the pharynx, larynx, thorax and abdomen; it also innervates taste buds in the epiglottis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021644 vagus nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the vagus nerve is generated and organized. This nerve is primarily sensory but also has visceromotor components. It originates in the brain stem and controls many autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, stomach, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract components. It controls some motor functions such as speech. The sensory branches mediate sensation from the pharynx, larynx, thorax and abdomen; it also innervates taste buds in the epiglottis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021646 vagus nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the vagus nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This nerve is primarily sensory but also has visceromotor components. It originates in the brain stem and controls many autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, stomach, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract components. It controls some motor functions such as speech. The sensory branches mediate sensation from the pharynx, larynx, thorax and abdomen; it also innervates taste buds in the epiglottis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021647 vestibulocochlear nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021605 cranial nerve maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the vestibulocochlear nerve to attain its fully functional state. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021648 vestibulocochlear nerve morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021602 cranial nerve morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the vestibulocochlear nerve is generated and organized. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021650 vestibulocochlear nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021603 cranial nerve formation The process that gives rise to the vestibulocochlear nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021651 rhombomere 1 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 1 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021652 rhombomere 1 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 1. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021654 rhombomere boundary formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048859 formation of anatomical boundary The process that gives rise to a rhombomere boundary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a boundary delimiting a rhombomere. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon that are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021655 rhombomere 2 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 2 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021657 rhombomere 2 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 2. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021658 rhombomere 3 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 3 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021660 rhombomere 3 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 3. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021661 rhombomere 4 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 4 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021663 rhombomere 4 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 4. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021664 rhombomere 5 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of rhombomere 5 are generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021666 rhombomere 5 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 5. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021667 rhombomere 6 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 6 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021669 rhombomere 6 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 6. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021670 lateral ventricle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral ventricles over time, from the formation to the mature structure. The two lateral ventricles are a cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube. They are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021671 rhombomere 7 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 7 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021673 rhombomere 7 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 7. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021674 rhombomere 8 morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021593 rhombomere morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 8 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021675 nerve development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021677 rhombomere 8 formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021594 rhombomere formation The process that gives rise to rhombomere 8. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021678 third ventricle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the third ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The third ventricle is the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma, and it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021679 cerebellar molecular layer development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar molecular layer nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021680 cerebellar Purkinje cell layer development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021681 cerebellar granular layer development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar granule layer over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021682 nerve maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a nerve to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021683 cerebellar granular layer morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar granular layer is generated and organized. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021684 cerebellar granular layer formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the cerebellar granule layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021686 cerebellar granular layer maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar granular layer to attain its fully functional state. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021687 cerebellar molecular layer morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar molecular layer is generated and organized. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021688 cerebellar molecular layer formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the cerebellar molecular layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021690 cerebellar molecular layer maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar molecular layer to attain its fully functional state. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021691 cerebellar Purkinje cell layer maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer to attain its fully functional state. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021692 cerebellar Purkinje cell layer morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer is generated and organized. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021694 cerebellar Purkinje cell layer formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021695 cerebellar cortex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar cortex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021696 cerebellar cortex morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the cranial nerves are generated and organized. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021697 cerebellar cortex formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the cerebellar cortex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021699 cerebellar cortex maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar cortex to attain its fully functional state. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021701 cerebellar Golgi cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097154 GABAergic neuron differentiation The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar Golgi cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a Golgi cell fate. A cerebellar Golgi cell is an inhibitory GABAergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021702 cerebellar Purkinje cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar Purkinje cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a Purkinje cell fate. A Purkinje cell is an inhibitory GABAergic neuron found in the cerebellar cortex that projects to the deep cerebellar nuclei and brain stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021703 locus ceruleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the locus ceruleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021704 locus ceruleus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the locus ceruleus is generated and organized. In mice, the locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021705 locus ceruleus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the locus ceruleus. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. In mice, the locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021706 locus ceruleus maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the locus ceruleus to attain its fully functional state. The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021707 cerebellar granule cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar granule cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a granule cell fate. A granule cell is a glutamatergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021710 cerebellar stellate cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar stellate cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a cerebellar stellate cell fate. A cerebellar stellate cell is an inhibitory GABAergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021713 inferior olivary nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inferior olivary nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inferior olivary nucleus is a capsule-shaped structure in the ventral medulla located just lateral and dorsal to the medullary pyramids. Neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus are the source of climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex; these neurons have been implicated in various functions, such as learning and timing of movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021714 inferior olivary nucleus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the inferior olivary nucleus is generated and organized. The inferior olivary nucleus is a capsule-shaped structure in the ventral medulla located just lateral and dorsal to the medullary pyramids. Neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus are the source of climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex; these neurons have been implicated in various functions, such as learning and timing of movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021715 inferior olivary nucleus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the inferior olivary nucleus. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The inferior olivary nucleus is a capsule-shaped structure in the ventral medulla located just lateral and dorsal to the medullary pyramids. Neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus are the source of climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex; these neurons have been implicated in various functions, such as learning and timing of movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021717 inferior olivary nucleus maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the inferior olivary nucleus to attain its fully functional state. The inferior olivary nucleus is a capsule-shaped structure in the ventral medulla located just lateral and dorsal to the medullary pyramids. Neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus are the source of climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex; these neurons have been implicated in various functions, such as learning and timing of movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021718 superior olivary nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior olivary nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021719 superior olivary nucleus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the superior olivary nucleus is generated and organized. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021720 superior olivary nucleus formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the superior olivary nucleus. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021722 superior olivary nucleus maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the superior olivary nucleus to attain its fully functional state. The superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021730 trigeminal sensory nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trigeminal sensory nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021731 trigeminal motor nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trigeminal motor nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021732 midbrain-hindbrain boundary maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the midbrain-hindbrain boundary to attain its fully functional state. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021735 dentate nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021736 globose nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the globose nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021737 emboliform nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the emboliform nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021738 fastigial nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fastigial nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021739 mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021730 trigeminal sensory nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021742 abducens nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the abducens nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021743 hypoglossal nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypoglossal nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021747 cochlear nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cochlear nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021750 vestibular nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vestibular nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021751 salivary nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a salivary nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021753 superior salivary nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021751 salivary nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior salivary nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021754 facial nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the facial nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021756 striatum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the striatum over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The striatum is a region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021757 caudate nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the caudate nucleus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The caudate nucleus is the C-shaped structures of the striatum containing input neurons involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021758 putamen development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the putamen over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The putamen is the lens-shaped basal ganglion involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021759 globus pallidus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the globus pallidus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The globus pallidus is one of the basal ganglia involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021761 limbic system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The progression of the limbic system over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The limbic system is a collection of structures in the brain involved in emotion, motivation and emotional aspects of memory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021762 substantia nigra development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the substantia nigra over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The substantia nigra is the layer of gray substance that separates the posterior parts of the cerebral peduncles (tegmentum mesencephali) from the anterior parts; it normally includes a posterior compact part with many pigmented cells (pars compacta) and an anterior reticular part whose cells contain little pigment (pars reticularis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021763 subthalamic nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the subthalamic nucleus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The subthalamic nucleus is the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021764 amygdala development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the amygdala over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The amygdala is an almond-shaped set of neurons in the medial temporal lobe of the brain that play a key role in processing emotions such as fear and pleasure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021765 cingulate gyrus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the cingulate gyrus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cingulate gyrus is a ridge in the cerebral cortex located dorsal to the corpus callosum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021766 hippocampus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021767 mammillary body development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the mammillary body over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The mammillary body is a protrusion at the posterior end of the hypothalamus that contains hypothalamic nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021768 nucleus accumbens development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the nucleus accumbens over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The nucleus accumbens is a collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021769 orbitofrontal cortex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the orbitofrontal cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The orbitofrontal cortex is a cerebral cortex region located in the frontal lobe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021770 parahippocampal gyrus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the parahippocampal gyrus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The parahippocampal gyrus is a ridge in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021771 lateral geniculate nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the lateral geniculate nucleus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The lateral geniculate nucleus is the primary processor of visual information received from the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021772 olfactory bulb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the olfactory bulb over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory bulb coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021783 preganglionic parasympathetic fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a preganglionic parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A preganglionic parasympathetic fiber is a cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021784 postganglionic parasympathetic fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048483 autonomic nervous system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the postganglionic portion of the parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic fiber is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021794 thalamus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process in which the thalamus changes over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021795 cerebral cortex cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022029 telencephalon cell migration The orderly movement of cells from one site to another in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021799 cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021795 cerebral cortex cell migration The migration of cells in the developing cerebral cortex in which cells move from the ventricular and/or subventricular zone toward the surface of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021801 cerebral cortex radial glia-guided migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022030 telencephalon glial cell migration The radial migration of neuronal or glial precursor cells along radial glial cells during the development of the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021814 cell motility involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048870 cell motility The movement of a cell along the process of a radial glial cell involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021815 modulation of microtubule cytoskeleton involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization Rearrangements of the microtubule cytoskeleton that contribute to the movement of cells along radial glial cells as a component of the process of cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021819 layer formation in cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The detachment of cells from radial glial fibers at the appropriate time when they cease to migrate and form distinct layer in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021822 negative regulation of cell motility involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903976 negative regulation of glial cell migration The intracellular signaling pathway that results in the cessation of cell movement involved in lamination of the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021826 substrate-independent telencephalic tangential migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022029 telencephalon cell migration The process where neuronal precursors migrate tangentially in the telencephalon, primarily guided by interactions that do not require cell-cell contact. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021830 interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021843 substrate-independent telencephalic tangential interneuron migration The directed movement of interneurons from the subpallium to the cortex during forebrain development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021843 substrate-independent telencephalic tangential interneuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021826 substrate-independent telencephalic tangential migration The directional movement of tangentially migrating interneurons that are not guided by attaching to extracellular substrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021846 cell proliferation in forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061351 neural precursor cell proliferation The creation of greater cell numbers in the forebrain due to cell division of progenitor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021848 neuroblast division in subpallium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055057 neuroblast division The division of neuroblasts in the subpallium area of the forebrain. The interneuron precursors that these cells give rise to include GABAergic interneurons and will migrate tangentially. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021849 neuroblast division in subventricular zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055057 neuroblast division The division of neuroblasts in the subventricular zone of the forebrain. The interneuron precursors that these cells give rise to include adult olfactory bulb interneurons and migrate tangentially. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021852 pyramidal neuron migration to cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140650 radial glia-guided pyramidal neuron migration The migration of a pyramidal neuron precursor from the ventricular zone to the correct layer of the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021853 cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904936 interneuron migration The migration of GABAergic interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021854 hypothalamus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the hypothalamus region of the forebrain, from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021859 pyramidal neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a neuroblast or one of its progeny commits to a pyramidal neuron fate, migrates from the ventricular zone to the appropriate layer in the cortex and develops into a mature neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021860 pyramidal neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021884 forebrain neuron development The progression of a pyramidal neuron from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021861 forebrain radial glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060019 radial glial cell differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to radial glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the forebrain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021863 forebrain neuroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014016 neuroblast differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of basal progenitor cells, neuroblasts that lose their contacts with the ventricular surface. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021872 forebrain generation of neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048699 generation of neurons The process in which nerve cells are generated in the forebrain. This includes the production of neuroblasts from and their differentiation into neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021879 forebrain neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron that will reside in the forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021884 forebrain neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021954 central nervous system neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron that resides in the forebrain, from its initial commitment to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021885 forebrain cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another at least one of which is located in the forebrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021889 olfactory bulb interneuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which a neuroblast acquires specialized features of an interneuron residing in the olfactory bulb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021891 olfactory bulb interneuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021954 central nervous system neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an interneuron residing in the olfactory bulb, from its initial commitment, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021892 cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097154 GABAergic neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a GABAergic interneuron residing in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021894 cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021954 central nervous system neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron over time, from initial commitment to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021895 cerebral cortex neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron residing in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021896 forebrain astrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048708 astrocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an astrocyte residing in the forebrain. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021897 forebrain astrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014002 astrocyte development The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte that resides in the forebrain, from initial commitment of the cell to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021903 rostrocaudal neural tube patterning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009952 anterior/posterior pattern specification The process in which the neural tube is divided into specific regions along the rostrocaudal axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021905 forebrain-midbrain boundary formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the creation of the forebrain-midbrain boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021906 hindbrain-spinal cord boundary formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048859 formation of anatomical boundary The process whose specific outcome is the formation of the hindbrain-spinal cord boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021921 regulation of cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000177 regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation The process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the dorsal spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021924 cell proliferation in external granule layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021534 cell proliferation in hindbrain The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the external granule layer of the hindbrain. The external granule layer is the layer that originates from the rostral half of the rhombic lip in the first rhombomere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021930 cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021924 cell proliferation in external granule layer The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts that will give rise to granule cells. A granule cell is a glutamatergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021932 hindbrain radial glia guided cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021535 cell migration in hindbrain The radially directed movement of a cell along radial glial cells in the hindbrain. Radial migration refers to a directed movement from the internal ventricular area to the outer surface of the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021933 radial glia guided migration of cerebellar granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021932 hindbrain radial glia guided cell migration The inward migration of postmitotic granule cells along a radial glial cell from the external granule layer to the internal granule cell layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021936 regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000177 regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation The process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granule cell precursor proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021940 positive regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021936 regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation The process that activates or increases the rate or extent of granule cell precursor proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021941 negative regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021936 regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation The process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of granule cell precursor proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021952 central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021955 central nervous system neuron axonogenesis Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells in a different central nervous system region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021954 central nervous system neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the central nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021955 central nervous system neuron axonogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007409 axonogenesis Generation of a long process from a neuron whose cell body resides in the central nervous system. The process carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021957 corticospinal tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021952 central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis Generation of a long process of a pyramidal cell, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in cerebral cortex layer V towards target cells in the gray matter of the spinal cord. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the corticospinal tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021960 anterior commissure morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021952 central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in one half of the cerebral cortex towards target cells in the contralateral half. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the anterior commissure, a small midline fiber tract that lies at the anterior end of the corpus callosum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021961 posterior commissure morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021952 central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the midbrain towards target cells in the diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021965 spinal cord ventral commissure morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021952 central nervous system projection neuron axonogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the spinal cord ventral commissure are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021982 pineal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The progression of the pineal gland over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pineal gland is an endocrine gland that secretes melatonin and is involved in circadian rhythms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021983 pituitary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The progression of the pituitary gland over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021984 adenohypophysis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the adenohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021985 neurohypophysis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The progression of the neurohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The neurohypophysis is the part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021986 habenula development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the habenula over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The habenula is the group of nuclei that makes up the stalk of the pineal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021987 cerebral cortex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the cerebral cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cerebral cortex is the outer layered region of the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021988 olfactory lobe development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the olfactory lobe over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory lobe is the area of the brain that process the neural inputs for the sense of smell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021989 olfactory cortex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the olfactory cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory cortex is involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the olfactory bulb and is responsible for the identification of odors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021990 neural plate formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021995 neuropore closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016331 morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium The process of joining together the neural folds at either end of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021996 lamina terminalis formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process in which the anterior-most portion of the neural axis is formed by closure of the anterior neuropore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021999 neural plate anterior/posterior regionalization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060897 neural plate regionalization The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random anterior-posterior spatial arrangement of the neural plate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022006 zona limitans intrathalamica formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048859 formation of anatomical boundary The formation of the narrow stripe of cells that lies between the prospective dorsal and ventral thalami. This boundary contains signals that pattern the prethalamic and thalamic territories of the future mid-diencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022008 neurogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation Generation of cells within the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022009 central nervous system vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001570 vasculogenesis The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes in the central nervous system. The capillary endothelial cells in the brain are specialized to form the blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022010 central nervous system myelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042552 myelination The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022011 myelination in peripheral nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042552 myelination The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022012 subpallium cell proliferation in forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021846 cell proliferation in forebrain The multiplication or reproduction of subpallium cells in the forebrain, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022028 tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022029 telencephalon cell migration The migration of cells in the telencephalon from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022029 telencephalon cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021885 forebrain cell migration The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another at least one of which is located in the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022030 telencephalon glial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008347 glial cell migration The orderly movement of glial cells through the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022031 telencephalon astrocyte cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043615 astrocyte cell migration The orderly movement of an astrocyte cell through the telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022032 telencephalon oligodendrocyte cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022030 telencephalon glial cell migration The multiplication or reproduction of telencephalon oligodendrocyte cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022035 rhombomere cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021535 cell migration in hindbrain The movement of a cell within a rhombomere. This process is known to occur as an early step in the generation of anatomical structure from a rhombomere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022037 metencephalon development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metencephalon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022038 corpus callosum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corpus callosum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provide communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030155 regulation of cell adhesion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022408 negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022409 positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045785 positive regulation of cell adhesion Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022601 menstrual cycle phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044848 biological phase The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The menstrual cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is shed if pregnancy does not occur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022605 mammalian oogenesis stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process A reproductive process that is a step in the formation and maturation of an ovum or female gamete from a primordial female germ cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022613 ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044085 cellular component biogenesis A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a complex containing RNA and proteins. Includes the biosynthesis of the constituent RNA and protein molecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the ribonucleoprotein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022836 gated channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015267 channel activity Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022898 regulation of transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034762 regulation of transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023019 signal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression as a consequence of a process in which a signal is released and/or conveyed from one location to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023023 MHC protein complex binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044877 protein-containing complex binding Binding to a major histocompatibility complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023026 MHC class II protein complex binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023023 MHC protein complex binding Binding to a class II major histocompatibility complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023061 signal release http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032940 secretion by cell The process in which a signal is secreted or discharged into the extracellular medium from a cellular source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030016 myofibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043292 contractile fiber The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030018 Z disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030029 actin filament-based process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030030 cell projection organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030033 microvillus assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120031 plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Formation of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030048 actin filament-based movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030029 actin filament-based process Movement of organelles or other particles along actin filaments, or sliding of actin filaments past each other, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030050 vesicle transport along actin filament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099518 vesicle cytoskeletal trafficking Movement of a vesicle along an actin filament, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030057 desmosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005911 cell-cell junction A cell-cell junction in which: on the cytoplasmic surface of each interacting plasma membrane is a dense plaque composed of a mixture of intracellular anchor proteins; a bundle of keratin intermediate filaments is attached to the surface of each plaque; transmembrane adhesion proteins of the cadherin family bind to the plaques and interact through their extracellular domains to hold the adjacent membranes together by a Ca2+-dependent mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030061 mitochondrial crista http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Their number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms. They appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found. Their shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030070 insulin processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901142 insulin metabolic process The formation of mature insulin by proteolysis of the precursor preproinsulin. The signal sequence is first cleaved from preproinsulin to form proinsulin; proinsulin is then cleaved to release the C peptide, leaving the A and B chains of mature insulin linked by disulfide bridges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030071 regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902099 regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase during mitosis, triggered by the activation of the anaphase promoting complex by Cdc20/Sleepy homolog which results in the degradation of Securin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046879 hormone secretion The regulated release of a peptide hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030073 insulin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin. In vertebrates, insulin is secreted from B granules in the B cells of the vertebrate pancreas and from insulin-producing cells in insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030100 regulation of endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060627 regulation of vesicle-mediated transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030133 transport vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle Any of the vesicles of the constitutive secretory pathway, which carry cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi, between Golgi cisternae, from the Golgi to the ER (retrograde transport) or to destinations within or outside the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030162 regulation of proteolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051246 regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030167 proteoglycan catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006516 glycoprotein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030186 melatonin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030187 melatonin biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042435 indole-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030199 collagen fibril organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030198 extracellular matrix organization Any process that determines the size and arrangement of collagen fibrils within an extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030206 chondroitin sulfate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030204 chondroitin sulfate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chondroitin sulfate, any member of a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues, the repeat units of which consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030207 chondroitin sulfate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030204 chondroitin sulfate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chondroitin sulfate, any member of a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues, the repeat units of which consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030212 hyaluronan metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903510 mucopolysaccharide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030213 hyaluronan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030212 hyaluronan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030214 hyaluronan catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030212 hyaluronan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030218 erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030099 myeloid cell differentiation The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of an erythrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030219 megakaryocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030099 myeloid cell differentiation The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of a megakaryocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030220 platelet formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process in which platelets bud from long processes extended by megakaryocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030222 eosinophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030851 granulocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specializes features of an eosinophil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030223 neutrophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030851 granulocyte differentiation The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a neutrophil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030224 monocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903131 mononuclear cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a monocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030252 growth hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of growth hormone from secretory granules into the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030263 apoptotic chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030261 chromosome condensation The compaction of chromatin during apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030264 nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071763 nuclear membrane organization The breakdown of the nucleus into small membrane-bounded compartments, or blebs, each of which contain compacted DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030278 regulation of ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ossification, the formation of bone or of a bony substance or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030279 negative regulation of ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030278 regulation of ossification Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ossification, the formation of bone or of a bony substance or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030282 bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031214 biomineral tissue development The deposition of hydroxyapatite, a form of calcium phosphate with the formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, in bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030299 intestinal cholesterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030301 cholesterol transport Uptake of cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030300 regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032374 regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of absorption of cholesterol into the blood, and the exclusion of other sterols from absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030307 positive regulation of cell growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030308 negative regulation of cell growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045926 negative regulation of growth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030316 osteoclast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002573 myeloid leukocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030318 melanocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050931 pigment cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a melanocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030321 transepithelial chloride transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070633 transepithelial transport The directed movement of chloride ions from one side of an epithelium to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030323 respiratory tube development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the respiratory tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The respiratory tube is assumed to mean any tube in the respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030324 lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030325 adrenal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adrenal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030421 defecation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022600 digestive system process The expulsion of feces from the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030424 axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005 neuron projection The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030425 dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005 neuron projection A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030432 peristalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014821 phasic smooth muscle contraction A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030450 regulation of complement activation, classical pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030449 regulation of complement activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the classical pathway of complement activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030451 regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045088 regulation of innate immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the alternative pathway of complement activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030485 smooth muscle contractile fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043292 contractile fiber The contractile fiber of smooth muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030500 regulation of bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070167 regulation of biomineral tissue development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030501 positive regulation of bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070169 positive regulation of biomineral tissue development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030502 negative regulation of bone mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070168 negative regulation of biomineral tissue development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030516 regulation of axon extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon extension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030517 negative regulation of axon extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050771 negative regulation of axonogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon outgrowth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030518 intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043401 steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by a steroid binding to an intracellular steroid hormone receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030539 male genitalia development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061458 reproductive system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030573 bile acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008206 bile acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030593 neutrophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990266 neutrophil migration The directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030642 intracellular sulfate ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055063 sulfate ion homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of sulfate ions within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030643 intracellular phosphate ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055062 phosphate ion homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of phosphate ions within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030645 glucose catabolic process to butyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019605 butyrate metabolic process The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose, with the production of acetic acid, butyric acid, carbon dioxide (CO2), and dihydrogen; effected by some saccharolytic species of Clostridium, e.g. C. butyricum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030656 regulation of vitamin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062012 regulation of small molecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012506 vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030661 chitosome membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a chitosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030673 axolemma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032589 neuron projection membrane The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding an axon; it is a specialized trilaminar random mosaic of protein molecules floating within a fluid matrix of highly mobile phospholipid molecules, 7-8 nm in thickness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030718 germ-line stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019827 stem cell population maintenance Any process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of germ-line stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030720 oocyte localization involved in germarium-derived egg chamber formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051674 localization of cell Directed movement of the oocyte, following its specification, from its original central position in the cyst to a posterior position relative to the nurse cells of the egg chamber, and its maintenance in this posterior location. This is the first sign of anterior-posterior asymmetry in the developing egg chamber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030808 regulation of nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030809 negative regulation of nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045980 negative regulation of nucleotide metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030810 positive regulation of nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045981 positive regulation of nucleotide metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030811 regulation of nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031329 regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030812 negative regulation of nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030813 positive regulation of nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045981 positive regulation of nucleotide metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030850 prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the prostate gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The prostate gland is a partly muscular, partly glandular body that is situated near the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030851 granulocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002573 myeloid leukocyte differentiation The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a granulocyte. Granulocytes are a class of leukocytes characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. These cells are active in allergic immune reactions such as arthritic inflammation and rashes. This class includes basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030852 regulation of granulocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002761 regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granulocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030853 negative regulation of granulocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030852 regulation of granulocyte differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of granulocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030854 positive regulation of granulocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030852 regulation of granulocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of granulocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030858 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030863 cortical cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005856 cytoskeleton The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies just beneath the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030878 thyroid gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thyroid gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thyroid gland is an endoderm-derived gland that produces thyroid hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030885 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of myeloid dendritic cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030886 negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030885 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid dendritic cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030887 positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030885 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation Any process that stimulates, induces or increases the rate of myeloid dendritic cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030888 regulation of B cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050864 regulation of B cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030889 negative regulation of B cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050869 negative regulation of B cell activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of B cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030890 positive regulation of B cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050871 positive regulation of B cell activation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of B cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030900 forebrain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030901 midbrain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain is the middle division of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes a ventral part containing the cerebral peduncles and a dorsal tectum containing the corpora quadrigemina and that surrounds the aqueduct of Sylvius connecting the third and fourth ventricles). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030902 hindbrain development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindbrain is the posterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain, or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata and controls the autonomic functions and equilibrium). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030903 notochord development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048568 embryonic organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the notochord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The notochord is a mesoderm-derived structure located ventral of the developing nerve cord. In vertebrates, the notochord serves as a core around which other mesodermal cells form the vertebrae. In the most primitive chordates, which lack vertebrae, the notochord persists as a substitute for a vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030910 olfactory placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The formation of a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030916 otic vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072175 epithelial tube formation The process resulting in the transition of the otic placode into the otic vesicle, a transient embryonic structure formed during development of the vertebrate inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030917 midbrain-hindbrain boundary development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031016 pancreas development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pancreas is an endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031017 exocrine pancreas development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the exocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The exocrine pancreas produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031022 nuclear migration along microfilament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099515 actin filament-based transport The directed movement of the nucleus along microfilaments within the cell, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031045 dense core granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule Electron-dense organelle with a granular internal matrix; contains proteins destined to be secreted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031049 programmed DNA elimination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010629 negative regulation of gene expression A process in which genomic fragments or entire chromosomes are eliminated from somatic cells or from micronuclei of ciliates. This process occurs in the developing macronucleus (anlage) of a ciliate, as well as in other species, including vertebrates and is an irreversible mechanism of gene silencing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031052 programmed DNA elimination by chromosome breakage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031049 programmed DNA elimination Regulated cleavage of the developing macronuclear genome at a limited number of chromosome breakage sites (CBS). The macronuclear destined segment (MDS) sequence adjacent to the CBS (or separated from it by a BES) receives a macronuclear telomere following chromosome breakage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031069 hair follicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022405 hair cycle process The process in which the anatomical structures of the hair follicle are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031076 embryonic camera-type eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048568 embryonic organ development The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031091 platelet alpha granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule A secretory organelle found in blood platelets, which is unique in that it exhibits further compartmentalization and acquires its protein content via two distinct mechanisms: (1) biosynthesis predominantly at the megakaryocyte (MK) level (with some vestigial platelet synthesis) (e.g. platelet factor 4) and (2) endocytosis and pinocytosis at both the MK and circulating platelet levels (e.g. fibrinogen (Fg) and IgG). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031099 regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The regrowth of a lost or destroyed body part, such as an organ or tissue. This process may occur via renewal, repair, and/or growth alone (i.e. increase in size or mass). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031100 animal organ regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031099 regeneration The regrowth of a lost or destroyed animal organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031102 neuron projection regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031099 regeneration The regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites in response to their loss or damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031110 regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070507 regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization by the addition or removal of tubulin heterodimers from a microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031112 positive regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051495 positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031115 negative regulation of microtubule polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031113 regulation of microtubule polymerization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031116 positive regulation of microtubule polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031113 regulation of microtubule polymerization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031117 positive regulation of microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902905 positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031143 pseudopodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A temporary protrusion or retractile process of a cell, associated with flowing movements of the protoplasm, and serving for locomotion and feeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031214 biomineral tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development Formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds, and also contain a small amounts of organic matrices that are believed to play important roles in their formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031253 cell projection membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098590 plasma membrane region The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a plasma membrane bounded cell surface projection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031256 leading edge membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the leading edge of a motile cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031268 pseudopodium organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120036 plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a pseudopodium, a temporary protrusion or retractile process of a cell, associated with cellular movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031269 pseudopodium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120031 plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly The assembly of a pseudopodium by rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and overlying membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031270 pseudopodium retraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031268 pseudopodium organization The myosin-based contraction and retraction of a pseudopodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031272 regulation of pseudopodium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of pseudopodia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031273 negative regulation of pseudopodium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120033 negative regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of pseudopodia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031274 positive regulation of pseudopodium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120034 positive regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of pseudopodia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031338 regulation of vesicle fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060627 regulation of vesicle-mediated transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031339 negative regulation of vesicle fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031340 positive regulation of vesicle fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031402 sodium ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031420 alkali metal ion binding Binding to a sodium ion (Na+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031420 alkali metal ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046872 metal ion binding Binding to an alkali metal ion; alkali metals are those elements in group Ia of the periodic table, with the exception of hydrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031424 keratinization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process in which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the vertebrate epidermis is replaced by keratin. Keratinization occurs in the stratum corneum, feathers, hair, claws, nails, hooves, and horns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031430 M band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The midline of aligned thick filaments in a sarcomere; location of specific proteins that link thick filaments. Depending on muscle type the M band consists of different numbers of M lines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031445 regulation of heterochromatin formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010468 regulation of gene expression Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or location of heterochromatin formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031452 negative regulation of heterochromatin formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010628 positive regulation of gene expression Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031453 positive regulation of heterochromatin formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044089 positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031503 protein-containing complex localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization A localization process that acts on a protein complex; the complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031507 heterochromatin formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070828 heterochromatin organization An epigenetic gene silencing mechanism in which chromatin is compacted into heterochromatin, resulting in a chromatin conformation refractory to transcription. This process starts with heterochromatin nucleation, its spreading, and ends with heterochromatin boundary formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031543 peptidyl-proline dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptidyl hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031577 spindle checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000075 cell cycle checkpoint signaling A signaling process that that controls a cell cycle checkpoint that originates from the mitotic or meiotic spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031594 neuromuscular junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031641 regulation of myelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051960 regulation of nervous system development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031642 negative regulation of myelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031645 negative regulation of nervous system process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031643 positive regulation of myelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031644 regulation of nervous system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process, an organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031645 negative regulation of nervous system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031644 regulation of nervous system process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031646 positive regulation of nervous system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031644 regulation of nervous system process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031673 H zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A relatively pale zone traversing the center of the A band of a sarcomere, visible in relaxed muscle fibers; consists of the central portion of thick (myosin) filaments that are not overlapped by thin (actin) filaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031674 I band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031727 CCR2 chemokine receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048020 CCR chemokine receptor binding Binding to a CCR2 chemokine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031737 CX3C chemokine receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042379 chemokine receptor binding Binding to a CX3C chemokine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031943 regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031944 negative regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045939 negative regulation of steroid metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031945 positive regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045940 positive regulation of steroid metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031946 regulation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031943 regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031947 negative regulation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090032 negative regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031948 positive regulation of glucocorticoid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090031 positive regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031949 regulation of glucocorticoid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050994 regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031950 negative regulation of glucocorticoid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050995 negative regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031951 positive regulation of glucocorticoid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050996 positive regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031958 corticosteroid receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030518 intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by corticosteroid binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031960 response to corticosteroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048545 response to steroid hormone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosteroid hormone stimulus. A corticosteroid is a steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. They include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031975 envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A multilayered structure surrounding all or part of a cell; encompasses one or more lipid bilayers, and may include a cell wall layer; also includes the space between layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031984 organelle subcompartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031987 locomotion involved in locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031998 regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050994 regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid bbeta-oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031999 negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050995 negative regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032000 positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050996 positive regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032024 positive regulation of insulin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090277 positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032052 bile acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033293 monocarboxylic acid binding Binding to a bile acid, a steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032055 negative regulation of translation in response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043555 regulation of translation in response to stress Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032057 negative regulation of translational initiation in response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045947 negative regulation of translational initiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of translation initiation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032058 positive regulation of translational initiation in response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045948 positive regulation of translational initiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032059 bleb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Blebs are formed during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032060 bleb assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120031 plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly The assembly of a bleb, a cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Plasma membrane blebbing occurs during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032061 negative regulation of translation in response to osmotic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043557 regulation of translation in response to osmotic stress Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032062 positive regulation of translation in response to osmotic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032056 positive regulation of translation in response to stress Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032065 maintenance of protein location in cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032507 maintenance of protein location in cell A process in which a protein or protein complex is maintained in a specific location in the cell cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032069 regulation of nuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051336 regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032070 regulation of deoxyribonuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032069 regulation of nuclease activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of deoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032074 negative regulation of nuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051346 negative regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of nuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032076 negative regulation of deoxyribonuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032074 negative regulation of nuclease activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of deoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032077 positive regulation of deoxyribonuclease activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051054 positive regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of deoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032092 positive regulation of protein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099 positive regulation of binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032104 regulation of response to extracellular stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032101 regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an extracellular stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032105 negative regulation of response to extracellular stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an extracellular stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032106 positive regulation of response to extracellular stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032104 regulation of response to extracellular stimulus Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to an extracellular stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032107 regulation of response to nutrient levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032104 regulation of response to extracellular stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032109 positive regulation of response to nutrient levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032107 regulation of response to nutrient levels Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032127 dense core granule membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030667 secretory granule membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a dense core granule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032225 regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032226 positive regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032225 regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032227 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050805 negative regulation of synaptic transmission Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032228 regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032229 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050805 negative regulation of synaptic transmission Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032230 positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032228 regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032231 regulation of actin filament bundle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110053 regulation of actin filament organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filament bundles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032232 negative regulation of actin filament bundle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051494 negative regulation of cytoskeleton organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filament bundles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032233 positive regulation of actin filament bundle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051495 positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filament bundles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032238 adenosine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015858 nucleoside transport The directed movement of adenosine, adenine riboside, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032239 regulation of nucleobase-containing compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032240 negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032241 positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032242 regulation of nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032239 regulation of nucleobase-containing compound transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032243 negative regulation of nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032242 regulation of nucleoside transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032244 positive regulation of nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032242 regulation of nucleoside transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032245 regulation of purine nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032242 regulation of nucleoside transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a purine nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032247 negative regulation of purine nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032245 regulation of purine nucleoside transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a purine nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032248 positive regulation of purine nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032245 regulation of purine nucleoside transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a purine nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032249 regulation of adenosine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032245 regulation of purine nucleoside transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of adenosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032250 negative regulation of adenosine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032249 regulation of adenosine transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of adenosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032251 positive regulation of adenosine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032249 regulation of adenosine transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of adenosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032252 secretory granule localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051648 vesicle localization Any process in which a secretory granule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032253 dense core granule localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032252 secretory granule localization Any process in which a dense core granule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032272 negative regulation of protein polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032271 regulation of protein polymerization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the process of creating protein polymers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032273 positive regulation of protein polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032271 regulation of protein polymerization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of creating protein polymers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032274 gonadotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060986 endocrine hormone secretion The regulated release of a gonadotropin, any hormone that stimulates the gonads, especially follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032275 luteinizing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032274 gonadotropin secretion The regulated release of luteinizing hormone, a gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032276 regulation of gonadotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046883 regulation of hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a gonadotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032277 negative regulation of gonadotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046888 negative regulation of hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a gonadotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032278 positive regulation of gonadotropin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046887 positive regulation of hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a gonadotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032280 symmetric synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098984 neuron to neuron synapse A synapse that lacks an electron dense postsynaptic specialization. In vertebtrates, these occur primarily on dendrite shafts and neuronal cell bodies and involve persynapses containing clusters of predominantly flattened or elongated vesicles and are typcially inhibitory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032288 myelin assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010927 cellular component assembly involved in morphogenesis The process in which the wraps of cell membrane that constitute myelin are laid down around an axon in the central or peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032289 central nervous system myelin formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032288 myelin assembly The process in which the wraps of cell membrane that constitute myelin are laid down around an axon by an oligodendrocyte in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032290 peripheral nervous system myelin formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032288 myelin assembly The process in which the wraps of cell membrane that constitute myelin are laid down around an axon by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032291 axon ensheathment in central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008366 axon ensheathment The process in which a glial cell membrane closes around an axon in the central nervous system. This can be a myelinating or a non-myelinating neuron-glial interaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032292 peripheral nervous system axon ensheathment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008366 axon ensheathment The process in which a Schwann cell membrane closes around an axon in the peripheral nervous system. This can be a myelinating or a non-myelinating neuron-glial interaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032330 regulation of chondrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032331 negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061037 negative regulation of cartilage development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032332 positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032341 aldosterone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042180 cellular ketone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldosterone, a corticosteroid hormone that is produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and regulates salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032342 aldosterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032341 aldosterone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldosterone, a corticosteroid hormone that is produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and regulates salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032343 aldosterone catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046185 aldehyde catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldosterone, a corticosteroid hormone that is produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and regulates salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032344 regulation of aldosterone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032350 regulation of hormone metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032345 negative regulation of aldosterone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045939 negative regulation of steroid metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032346 positive regulation of aldosterone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045940 positive regulation of steroid metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032347 regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902930 regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032348 negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902931 negative regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032349 positive regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902932 positive regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032351 negative regulation of hormone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032352 positive regulation of hormone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032353 negative regulation of hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032351 negative regulation of hormone metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032364 intracellular oxygen homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of oxygen within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032366 intracellular sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015918 sterol transport The directed movement of sterols within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032367 intracellular cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030301 cholesterol transport The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032369 negative regulation of lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905953 negative regulation of lipid localization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032370 positive regulation of lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905954 positive regulation of lipid localization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032371 regulation of sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032368 regulation of lipid transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032373 positive regulation of sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032371 regulation of sterol transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032375 negative regulation of cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032374 regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032377 regulation of intracellular lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032386 regulation of intracellular transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032378 negative regulation of intracellular lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032387 negative regulation of intracellular transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032379 positive regulation of intracellular lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032388 positive regulation of intracellular transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032380 regulation of intracellular sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032377 regulation of intracellular lipid transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032381 negative regulation of intracellular sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032372 negative regulation of sterol transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032382 positive regulation of intracellular sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032380 regulation of intracellular sterol transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032383 regulation of intracellular cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032374 regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032384 negative regulation of intracellular cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032383 regulation of intracellular cholesterol transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032385 positive regulation of intracellular cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032376 positive regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032386 regulation of intracellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060341 regulation of cellular localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032387 negative regulation of intracellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032388 positive regulation of intracellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032391 photoreceptor connecting cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035869 ciliary transition zone The portion of the photoreceptor cell cilium linking the photoreceptor inner and outer segments. It's considered to be equivalent to the ciliary transition zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032400 melanosome localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051875 pigment granule localization Any process in which a melanosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032401 establishment of melanosome localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051905 establishment of pigment granule localization The directed movement of a melanosome to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032402 melanosome transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051904 pigment granule transport The directed movement of melanosomes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032409 regulation of transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function Any process that modulates the activity of a transporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032410 negative regulation of transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a transporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032411 positive regulation of transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the activity of a transporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032414 positive regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032412 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that activates or increases the activity of an ion transporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032415 regulation of sodium:proton antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010155 regulation of proton transport Any process that modulates the activity of a sodium:hydrogen antiporter, which catalyzes the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032416 negative regulation of sodium:proton antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000650 negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a sodium:hydrogen antiporter, which catalyzes the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032417 positive regulation of sodium:proton antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000651 positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that activates or increases the activity of a sodium:hydrogen antiporter, which catalyzes the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032418 lysosome localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990849 vacuolar localization Any process in which a lysosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032420 stereocilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098858 actin-based cell projection An actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory and vestibular hair cells and of neuromast cells. These protrusions are supported by a bundle of cross-linked actin filaments (an actin cable), oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex which bridges to the plasma. Bundles of stereocilia act as mechanosensory organelles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032423 regulation of mismatch repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006282 regulation of DNA repair Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mismatch repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032424 negative regulation of mismatch repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045738 negative regulation of DNA repair Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mismatch repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032425 positive regulation of mismatch repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045739 positive regulation of DNA repair Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mismatch repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032437 cuticular plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A dense network of actin filaments found beneath the apical cell surface of hair cells, and into which stereocilia are inserted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032438 melanosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048753 pigment granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a melanosome. A melanosome is a tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032465 regulation of cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051302 regulation of cell division Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032466 negative regulation of cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell, and its separation into two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032467 positive regulation of cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell, and its separation into two daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032468 Golgi calcium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006874 intracellular calcium ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the Golgi apparatus of a cell or between the Golgi and its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032469 endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006874 intracellular calcium ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell or between the endoplasmic reticulum and its surroundings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032472 Golgi calcium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006816 calcium ion transport The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032474 otolith morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of an otolith are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032504 multicellular organism reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two multicellular organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032528 microvillus organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120036 plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032530 regulation of microvillus organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120035 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032534 regulation of microvillus assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly A process that modulates the formation of a microvillus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032543 mitochondrial translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 translation The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in a mitochondrion. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein; the mitochondrion has its own ribosomes and transfer RNAs, and uses a genetic code that differs from the nuclear code. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032549 ribonucleoside binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001882 nucleoside binding Binding to a ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to ribose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032555 purine ribonucleotide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032553 ribonucleotide binding Binding to a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032570 response to progesterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901654 response to ketone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032589 neuron projection membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031256 leading edge membrane The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a neuron projection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032590 dendrite membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032589 neuron projection membrane The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032594 protein transport within lipid bilayer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006886 intracellular protein transport The directed movement of a protein from one location to another within a lipid bilayer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032768 regulation of monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051341 regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that modulates the activity of a monooxygenase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032780 negative regulation of ATP-dependent activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043462 regulation of ATP-dependent activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of an ATP-dependent activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032790 ribosome disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly The disaggregation of a ribosome into its constituent components; includes the dissociation of ribosomal subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032808 lacrimal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lacrimal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lacrimal gland produces secretions that lubricate and protect the cornea of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032811 negative regulation of epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014060 regulation of epinephrine secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032812 positive regulation of epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014060 regulation of epinephrine secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032814 regulation of natural killer cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032815 negative regulation of natural killer cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051250 negative regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032816 positive regulation of natural killer cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051251 positive regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032823 regulation of natural killer cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045619 regulation of lymphocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032824 negative regulation of natural killer cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045620 negative regulation of lymphocyte differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032825 positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045621 positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032826 regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032823 regulation of natural killer cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032827 negative regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032826 regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032828 positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032826 regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032835 glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney. The glomerulus is part of the nephron and is restricted to one body segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032836 glomerular basement membrane development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030198 extracellular matrix organization The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular basement membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032838 plasma membrane bounded cell projection cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099568 cytoplasmic region All of the contents of a plasma membrane bounded cell projection, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the projection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032839 dendrite cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120111 neuron projection cytoplasm All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032868 response to insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043434 response to peptide hormone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032871 regulation of karyogamy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903353 regulation of nucleus organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of karyogamy, the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of membrane fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032878 regulation of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060341 regulation of cellular localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032881 regulation of polysaccharide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving polysaccharides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032886 regulation of microtubule-based process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032890 regulation of organic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032891 negative regulation of organic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032892 positive regulation of organic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032941 secretion by tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 secretion The controlled release of a substance by a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032943 mononuclear cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070661 leukocyte proliferation The expansion of a mononuclear cell population by cell division. A mononuclear cell is a leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032944 regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070663 regulation of leukocyte proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032945 negative regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070664 negative regulation of leukocyte proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032946 positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070665 positive regulation of leukocyte proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032954 regulation of cytokinetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010564 regulation of cell cycle process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cytokinetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032956 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032970 regulation of actin filament-based process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032964 collagen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032963 collagen metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. Collagen is highly enriched in glycine (some regions are 33% glycine) and proline, occurring predominantly as 3-hydroxyproline (about 20%). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032965 regulation of collagen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010712 regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032966 negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010713 negative regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032967 positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010714 positive regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032970 regulation of actin filament-based process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032973 amino acid export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140115 export across plasma membrane The directed movement of amino acids from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032974 amino acid transmembrane export from vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034486 vacuolar transmembrane transport The directed movement of amino acids out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032975 amino acid transmembrane import into vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034486 vacuolar transmembrane transport The directed movement of amino acids into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032980 keratinocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation A change in the morphology or behavior of a keratinocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. Upon activation, keratinocytes become migratory and hyperproliferative, and produce growth factors and cytokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032994 protein-lipid complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A macromolecular complex containing separate protein and lipid molecules. Separate in this context means not covalently bound to each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032997 Fc receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex A protein complex composed of a subunit or subunits capable of binding the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin with additional signaling components. The complex functions as a receptor for immunoglobulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033001 Fc-gamma receptor III complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032997 Fc receptor complex A protein complex composed of an Fc-gamma RIII alpha chain and an Fc-epsilon RI gamma chain dimer with or without an Fc-epsilon RI beta chain and additional signaling components. The complex functions primarily as an activating receptor for IgG. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033003 regulation of mast cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033004 negative regulation of mast cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033003 regulation of mast cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033005 positive regulation of mast cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033003 regulation of mast cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033006 regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033003 regulation of mast cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033007 negative regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033006 regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033008 positive regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033006 regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation as part of an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033029 regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000106 regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033030 negative regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000107 negative regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033031 positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000108 positive regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033032 regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033033 negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033032 regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a myeloid cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033034 positive regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033044 regulation of chromosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033046 negative regulation of sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001251 negative regulation of chromosome organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid segregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033048 negative regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033047 regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid segregation during mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033054 D-glutamate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006536 glutamate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-glutamate, the D-enantiomer of the amino acid glutamate, i.e. (2R)-2-aminopentanedioic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033059 cellular pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043473 pigmentation The deposition or aggregation of coloring matter in a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033077 T cell differentiation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030217 T cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway dependent upon transit through the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033079 immature T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042098 T cell proliferation The expansion of an immature T cell population by cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033080 immature T cell proliferation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033079 immature T cell proliferation The expansion of an immature T cell population by cell division in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033081 regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045580 regulation of T cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033083 regulation of immature T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042129 regulation of T cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033084 regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033083 regulation of immature T cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033085 negative regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045581 negative regulation of T cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033087 negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042130 negative regulation of T cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033088 negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033087 negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033089 positive regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045582 positive regulation of T cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033091 positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042102 positive regulation of T cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033092 positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033091 positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033121 regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900542 regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033122 negative regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900543 negative regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033123 positive regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900544 positive regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033131 regulation of glucokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903299 regulation of hexokinase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033132 negative regulation of glucokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903300 negative regulation of hexokinase activity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033133 positive regulation of glucokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903301 positive regulation of hexokinase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033143 regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033144 negative regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033143 regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033145 positive regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033143 regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033151 V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002562 somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus The process in which immune receptor V, D, and J, or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific receptor, are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033152 immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033151 V(D)J recombination The process in which immunoglobulin gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS). For immunoglobulin heavy chains V, D, and J gene segments are joined, and for immunoglobulin light chains V and J gene segments are joined. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033153 T cell receptor V(D)J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033151 V(D)J recombination The process in which T cell receptor V, D, and J, or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific locus, are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033157 regulation of intracellular protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051223 regulation of protein transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033162 melanosome membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090741 pigment granule membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a melanosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033198 response to ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010033 response to organic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033212 iron import into cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051649 establishment of localization in cell The directed movement of iron ions from outside of a cell into the cytoplasmic compartment. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033239 negative regulation of amine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033240 positive regulation of amine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051173 positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033241 regulation of amine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033242 negative regulation of amine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033243 positive regulation of amine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033265 choline binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to choline, the amine 2-hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033268 node of Ranvier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An axon part that is a gap in the myelin where voltage-gated sodium channels cluster and saltatory conduction is executed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033269 internode region of axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An axon part that is located between the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by compact myelin sheath. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033270 paranode region of axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An axon part that is located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by lateral loop portions of myelin sheath. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033278 cell proliferation in midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061351 neural precursor cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033313 meiotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process A signaling process that contributes to a meiotic cell cycle checkpoint that ensures accurate chromosome replication and segregation by preventing progression through a meiotic cell cycle until conditions are suitable for the cell to proceed to the next stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033316 meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044779 meiotic spindle checkpoint signaling A signal transduction process that contributes to a meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint, that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a meiotic cell cycle until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033327 Leydig cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Leydig cell. A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033341 regulation of collagen binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collagen binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033342 negative regulation of collagen binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051100 negative regulation of binding Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collagen binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033343 positive regulation of collagen binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099 positive regulation of binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collagen binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033364 mast cell secretory granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033363 secretory granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a mast cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033366 protein localization to secretory granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033367 protein localization to mast cell secretory granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033366 protein localization to secretory granule A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a mast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033368 protease localization to mast cell secretory granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033367 protein localization to mast cell secretory granule Any process in which a protease is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a mast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033370 maintenance of protein location in mast cell secretory granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032507 maintenance of protein location in cell A process in which a protein is maintained in a secretory granule in a mast cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033371 T cell secretory granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033363 secretory granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a T cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033373 maintenance of protease location in mast cell secretory granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033370 maintenance of protein location in mast cell secretory granule A process in which a protease is maintained in a secretory granule in a mast cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033484 intracellular nitric oxide homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of nitric oxide within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033500 carbohydrate homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048878 chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a carbohydrate within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033504 floor plate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the floor plate over time from its initial formation until its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033505 floor plate morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the floor plate is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033508 glutamate catabolic process to butyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019605 butyrate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including butyrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033526 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033014 tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next, from other compounds, including L-glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033569 lactoferrin transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008320 protein transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of lactoferrin from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033571 lactoferrin transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015031 protein transport The directed movement of lactoferrin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033574 response to testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033993 response to lipid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033598 mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of mammary gland epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Mammary gland epithelial cells make up the covering of surfaces of the mammary gland. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033599 regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033600 negative regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033599 regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033601 positive regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033599 regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033602 negative regulation of dopamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014059 regulation of dopamine secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033603 positive regulation of dopamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014059 regulation of dopamine secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033674 positive regulation of kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051347 positive regulation of transferase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033684 regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032276 regulation of gonadotropin secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of luteinizing hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033685 negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033684 regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of luteinizing hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033686 positive regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033684 regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of luteinizing hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033687 osteoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of osteoblasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoblast cell population. An osteoblast is a bone-forming cell which secretes an extracellular matrix. Hydroxyapatite crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033688 regulation of osteoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033689 negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033690 positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033688 regulation of osteoblast proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033750 ribosome localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization A process in which a ribosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033762 response to glucagon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043434 response to peptide hormone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucagon stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033860 regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051341 regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033861 negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051354 negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033864 positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051353 positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033878 hormone-sensitive lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0052689 carboxylic ester hydrolase activity Catalysis of the reactions: diacylglycerol + H2O = monoacylglycerol + a carboxylate; triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate; and monoacylglycerol + H2O = glycerol + a carboxylate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034067 protein localization to Golgi apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034097 response to cytokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010033 response to organic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034101 erythrocyte homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis Any process of regulating the production and elimination of erythrocytes within an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034102 erythrocyte clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048771 tissue remodeling The selective elimination of erythrocytes from the body by autoregulatory mechanisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034103 regulation of tissue remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tissue remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034104 negative regulation of tissue remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034103 regulation of tissue remodeling Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tissue remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034105 positive regulation of tissue remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034103 regulation of tissue remodeling Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tissue remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034106 regulation of erythrocyte clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034103 regulation of tissue remodeling Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte clearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034107 negative regulation of erythrocyte clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034106 regulation of erythrocyte clearance Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte clearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034108 positive regulation of erythrocyte clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034106 regulation of erythrocyte clearance Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte clearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034110 regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034111 negative regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034110 regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034112 positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034110 regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034117 erythrocyte aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034109 homotypic cell-cell adhesion The adhesion of one erythrocyte to one or more other erythrocytes via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034118 regulation of erythrocyte aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034110 regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte aggregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034119 negative regulation of erythrocyte aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034118 regulation of erythrocyte aggregation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte aggregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034120 positive regulation of erythrocyte aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034118 regulation of erythrocyte aggregation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte aggregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034185 apolipoprotein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005515 protein binding Binding to an apolipoprotein, the protein component of a lipoprotein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034242 negative regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034251 regulation of amide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034252 negative regulation of amide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034253 positive regulation of amide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034440 lipid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030258 lipid modification The removal of one or more electrons from a lipid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034487 vacuolar amino acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003333 amino acid transmembrane transport The process in which an amino acid is transported from one side of the vacuolar membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034762 regulation of transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034766 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043271 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034767 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043270 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035107 appendage morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of appendages are generated and organized. An appendage is an organ or part that is attached to the trunk of an organism, such as a limb or a branch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035108 limb morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035107 appendage morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a limb are generated and organized. A limb is a paired appendage of a tetrapod used for locomotion or grasping. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035112 genitalia morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of genitalia are generated and organized. The genitalia are the organs of reproduction or generation, external and internal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035270 endocrine system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development Progression of the endocrine system over time, from its formation to a mature structure. The endocrine system is a system of hormones and ductless glands, where the glands release hormones directly into the blood, lymph or other intercellular fluid, and the hormones circulate within the body to affect distant organs. The major glands that make up the human endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathryoids, adrenals, pineal body, and the reproductive glands which include the ovaries and testes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035869 ciliary transition zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A region of the cilium between the basal body and proximal segment that is characterized by Y-shaped assemblages that connect axonemal microtubules to the ciliary membrane. The ciliary transition zone appears to function as a gate that controls ciliary membrane composition and separates the cytosol from the ciliary plasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036344 platelet morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000902 cell morphogenesis Generation and organization of a platelet, a non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036477 somatodendritic compartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The region of a neuron that includes the cell body (cell soma) and dendrite(s), but excludes the axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040020 regulation of meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051445 regulation of meiotic cell cycle Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic nuclear division, the process in which the nucleus of a diploid cell divides twice forming four haploid cells, one or more of which usually function as gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042102 positive regulation of T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050870 positive regulation of T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042129 regulation of T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050863 regulation of T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042130 negative regulation of T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868 negative regulation of T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042196 chlorinated hydrocarbon metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042197 halogenated hydrocarbon metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorinated hydrocarbons, compounds derived from hydrocarbons by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042197 halogenated hydrocarbon metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving halogenated hydrocarbons, compounds derived from hydrocarbons by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with halogen atoms. Halogens include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042246 tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031099 regeneration The regrowth of lost or destroyed tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042306 regulation of protein import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900180 regulation of protein localization to nucleus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042307 positive regulation of protein import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900182 positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042308 negative regulation of protein import into nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900181 negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042383 sarcolemma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886 plasma membrane The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042425 choline biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019695 choline metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042470 melanosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048770 pigment granule A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. Melanosomes are synthesized in melanocyte cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042552 myelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008366 axon ensheathment The process in which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons. Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042611 MHC protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex A transmembrane protein complex composed of an MHC alpha chain and, in most cases, either an MHC class II beta chain or an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide, lipid, or polysaccharide antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042633 hair cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042303 molting cycle The cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042698 ovulation cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The type of sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042745 circadian sleep/wake cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048512 circadian behavior The cycle from wakefulness through an orderly succession of sleep states and stages that occurs on an approximately 24 hour rhythm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042774 plasma membrane ATP synthesis coupled electron transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042773 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP in the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042827 platelet dense granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule Electron-dense granule occurring in blood platelets that stores and secretes adenosine nucleotides and serotonin. They contain a highly condensed core consisting of serotonin, histamine, calcium, magnesium, ATP, ADP, pyrophosphate and membrane lysosomal proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043022 ribosome binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043021 ribonucleoprotein complex binding Binding to a ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043025 neuronal cell body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044297 cell body The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043062 extracellular structure organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043069 negative regulation of programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043067 regulation of programmed cell death Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043177 organic acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to an organic acid, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043227 membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043233 organelle lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031974 membrane-enclosed lumen The internal volume enclosed by the membranes of a particular organelle; includes the volume enclosed by a single organelle membrane, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum lumen, or the volume enclosed by the innermost of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope, e.g. nuclear lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043297 apical junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007043 cell-cell junction assembly The formation of an apical junction, a functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens junction and the desmosomes, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043370 regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000514 regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043371 negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000515 negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043372 positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000516 positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043393 regulation of protein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043434 response to peptide hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009725 response to hormone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043473 pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process The accumulation of pigment in an organism, tissue or cell, either by increased deposition or by increased number of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043549 regulation of kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051338 regulation of transferase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043555 regulation of translation in response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043557 regulation of translation in response to osmotic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043555 regulation of translation in response to stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043584 nose development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007423 sensory organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nose over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043588 skin development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043615 astrocyte cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008347 glial cell migration The orderly movement of an astrocyte, a class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system, the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044088 regulation of vacuole organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044092 negative regulation of molecular function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044093 positive regulation of molecular function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044241 lipid digestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007586 digestion The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by living organisms to break down ingested lipids into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044304 main axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The main axonal trunk, as opposed to the collaterals; i.e., excluding collaterals, terminal, spines, or dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044779 meiotic spindle checkpoint signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902103 negative regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle A signal transduction process that contributes to a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a meiotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and that the chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044782 cilium organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044786 cell cycle DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process The DNA-dependent DNA replication that takes place as part of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044877 protein-containing complex binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a macromolecular complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045009 chitosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle An intracellular membrane-bounded particle found in fungi and containing chitin synthase; it synthesizes chitin microfibrils. Chitin synthase activity exists in chitosomes and they are proposed to act as a reservoir for regulated transport of chitin synthase enzymes to the division septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045110 intermediate filament bundle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045109 intermediate filament organization The formation of the bundles of intermediate filaments. Intermediate filament-associated proteins (IFAPs) cross-link intermediate filaments with one another, forming a bundle or a network, and with other cell structures, including the plasma membrane. The organization of intermediate filaments and their supportive function in various cells types depends in large part on their linkage to other cell structures via IFAPs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045168 cell-cell signaling involved in cell fate commitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Signaling at long or short range between cells that results in the commitment of a cell to a certain fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045185 maintenance of protein location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 maintenance of location Any process in which a protein is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration, stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that do move away. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030054 cell junction The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045299 otolith mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031214 biomineral tissue development The precipitation of specific crystal forms of calcium carbonate with extracellular matrix proteins in the otolith organs of the vertebrate inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045580 regulation of T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050863 regulation of T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045581 negative regulation of T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868 negative regulation of T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045582 positive regulation of T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050870 positive regulation of T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045619 regulation of lymphocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045620 negative regulation of lymphocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051250 negative regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045621 positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051251 positive regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045717 negative regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051055 negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045738 negative regulation of DNA repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048585 negative regulation of response to stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045739 positive regulation of DNA repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051054 positive regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045763 negative regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033239 negative regulation of amine metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045764 positive regulation of amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033240 positive regulation of amine metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045778 positive regulation of ossification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030278 regulation of ossification Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ossification, the formation of bone or of a bony substance or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045835 negative regulation of meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045836 positive regulation of meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045840 positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045926 negative regulation of growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048519 negative regulation of biological process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045927 positive regulation of growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048518 positive regulation of biological process Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045935 positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051173 positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045947 negative regulation of translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017148 negative regulation of translation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045948 positive regulation of translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045727 positive regulation of translation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045980 negative regulation of nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045936 negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045981 positive regulation of nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045937 positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046320 regulation of fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019217 regulation of fatty acid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046321 positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045923 positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046322 negative regulation of fatty acid oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045922 negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid oxidation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046364 monosaccharide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044283 small molecule biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046416 D-amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006520 amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046437 D-amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046416 D-amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046459 short-chain fatty acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006631 fatty acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a short-chain fatty acid. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046466 membrane lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044242 cellular lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046535 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of umami taste http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050912 detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of taste The series of events required for a umami taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046660 female sex differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007548 sex differentiation The establishment of the sex of a female organism by physical differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046683 response to organophosphorus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010033 response to organic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organophosphorus stimulus. Organophosphorus is a compound containing phosphorus bound to an organic molecule; several organophosphorus compounds are used as insecticides, and they are highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046835 carbohydrate phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016310 phosphorylation The process of introducing a phosphate group into a carbohydrate, any organic compound based on the general formula Cx(H2O)y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046887 positive regulation of hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010647 positive regulation of cell communication Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046888 negative regulation of hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010648 negative regulation of cell communication Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048020 CCR chemokine receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042379 chemokine receptor binding Binding to a CCR chemokine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048167 regulation of synaptic plasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048483 autonomic nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the autonomic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The autonomic nervous system is composed of neurons that are not under conscious control, and is comprised of two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g. of the gut), and glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048486 parasympathetic nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the parasympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048521 negative regulation of behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050795 regulation of behavior Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048534 hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of any organ involved in hematopoiesis (also known as hemopoiesis) or lymphoid cell activation over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Such development includes differentiation of resident cell types (stromal cells) and of migratory cell types dependent on the unique microenvironment afforded by the organ for their proper differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048545 response to steroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033993 response to lipid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048640 negative regulation of developmental growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048665 neuron fate specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001708 cell fate specification The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a neuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048675 axon extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990138 neuron projection extension Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048678 response to axon injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009611 response to wounding Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an axon injury stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048730 epidermis morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of the epidermis are generated and organized. The epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048736 appendage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an appendage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An appendage is an organ or part that is attached to the trunk of an organism, such as a limb or a branch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048840 otolith development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the otolith over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neural nucleus from its initial condition to its mature state. A neural nucleus is an anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048860 glioblast division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a glioblast into daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050650 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030166 proteoglycan biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfates are a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues; the repeat units consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050654 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006029 proteoglycan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfates are a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues; the repeat units consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050670 regulation of lymphocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050671 positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051251 positive regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050672 negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051250 negative regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050687 negative regulation of defense response to virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of antiviral mechanisms, thereby facilitating viral replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050714 positive regulation of protein secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051222 positive regulation of protein transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050770 regulation of axonogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010975 regulation of neuron projection development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis, the generation of an axon, the long process of a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050771 negative regulation of axonogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010977 negative regulation of neuron projection development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050795 regulation of behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050796 regulation of insulin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099177 regulation of trans-synaptic signaling Any process that modulates the frequency or amplitude of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. Amplitude, in this case, refers to the change in postsynaptic membrane potential due to a single instance of synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050805 negative regulation of synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010648 negative regulation of cell communication Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050818 regulation of coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation, the process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050819 negative regulation of coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050818 regulation of coagulation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050820 positive regulation of coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050818 regulation of coagulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050864 regulation of B cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050869 negative regulation of B cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051250 negative regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050870 positive regulation of T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050863 regulation of T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050871 positive regulation of B cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051251 positive regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050884 neuromuscular process controlling posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050905 neuromuscular process Any process in which an organism voluntarily modulates its posture, the alignment of its anatomical parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050931 pigment cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a pigmented cell, such as a melanocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050997 quaternary ammonium group binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to a quaternary ammonium group, including glycine betaine, choline, carnitine and proline. A quaternary ammonium group is any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051017 actin filament bundle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The assembly of actin filament bundles; actin filaments are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051054 positive regulation of DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045935 positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051099 positive regulation of binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051100 negative regulation of binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051173 positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051175 negative regulation of sulfur metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042762 regulation of sulfur metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfur or compounds containing sulfur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051223 regulation of protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 maintenance of location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051246 regulation of protein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051247 positive regulation of protein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051246 regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051248 negative regulation of protein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051250 negative regulation of lymphocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051251 positive regulation of lymphocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051253 negative regulation of RNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045934 negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051280 negative regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051279 regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051281 positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051279 regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051347 positive regulation of transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051338 regulation of transferase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from a donor compound to an acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051348 negative regulation of transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051338 regulation of transferase activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from a donor compound to an acceptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051349 positive regulation of lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051339 regulation of lyase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051354 negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051341 regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051647 nucleus localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization Any process in which the nucleus is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051648 vesicle localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization Any process in which a vesicle or vesicles are transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051655 maintenance of vesicle location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051648 vesicle localization Any process in which a vesicle is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051656 establishment of organelle localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization The directed movement of an organelle to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051668 localization within membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051641 cellular localization Any process in which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051674 localization of cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization Any process in which a cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051781 positive regulation of cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051782 negative regulation of cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051302 regulation of cell division Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051790 short-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046459 short-chain fatty acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a short-chain fatty acid. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051861 glycolipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097367 carbohydrate derivative binding Binding to a glycolipid, any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic group such as an acylglycerol, a sphingoid, a ceramide (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051875 pigment granule localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051648 vesicle localization Any process in which a pigment granule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051904 pigment granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051905 establishment of pigment granule localization The directed movement of pigment granules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051905 establishment of pigment granule localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051650 establishment of vesicle localization The directed movement of a pigment granule to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051932 synaptic transmission, GABAergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission The vesicular release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of GABA receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051960 regulation of nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051961 negative regulation of nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051960 regulation of nervous system development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051962 positive regulation of nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051960 regulation of nervous system development Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051983 regulation of chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010564 regulation of cell cycle process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051985 negative regulation of chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055001 muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Muscle cell development does not include the steps involved in committing an unspecified cell to the muscle cell fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055057 neuroblast division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a neuroblast into daughter cells. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055062 phosphate ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of phosphate ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055063 sulfate ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of sulfate ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055071 manganese ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of manganese ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055075 potassium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of potassium ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055080 monoatomic cation homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050801 monoatomic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of monoatomic cations within an organism or cell. Monatomic cations (also called simple cations) are cations consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055123 digestive system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive system is the entire structure in which digestion takes place. Digestion is all of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060019 radial glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010001 glial cell differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to radial glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the brain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060090 molecular adaptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules through a selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric interaction, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060142 regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060143 positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060170 ciliary membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031253 cell projection membrane The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060573 cell fate specification involved in pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001708 cell fate specification The process involved in the specification of the identity of a cell in a field of cells that is being instructed as to how to differentiate. Once specification has taken place, that cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060608 cell-cell adhesion involved in neural tube closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060607 cell-cell adhesion involved in sealing an epithelial fold The attachment of one cell to another cell along the edges of two epithelial folds, giving rise to the lumen of the neural tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060896 neural plate pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the neural plate to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060897 neural plate regionalization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060896 neural plate pattern specification The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes of the neural plate in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060986 endocrine hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046879 hormone secretion The regulated release of a hormone into the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061036 positive regulation of cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061035 regulation of cartilage development Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061037 negative regulation of cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061035 regulation of cartilage development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061041 regulation of wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903034 regulation of response to wounding Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061045 negative regulation of wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061098 positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050731 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein tyrosine kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061180 mammary gland epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061458 reproductive system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The progression of the reproductive system over time from its formation to the mature structure. The reproductive system consists of the organs that function in reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065010 extracellular membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043230 extracellular organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring outside the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070167 regulation of biomineral tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of biomineral tissue development, the formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070168 negative regulation of biomineral tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070167 regulation of biomineral tissue development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of biomineral tissue development, the formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070169 positive regulation of biomineral tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070167 regulation of biomineral tissue development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of biomineral tissue development, the formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070405 ammonium ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to ammonium ions (NH4+). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070542 response to fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033993 response to lipid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fatty acid stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070587 regulation of cell-cell adhesion involved in gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022407 regulation of cell-cell adhesion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell affecting gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070633 transepithelial transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of a substance from one side of an epithelium to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070663 regulation of leukocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070664 negative regulation of leukocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070665 positive regulation of leukocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070663 regulation of leukocyte proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070828 heterochromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006338 chromatin remodeling Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form of chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071310 cellular response to organic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070887 cellular response to chemical stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071345 cellular response to cytokine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071310 cellular response to organic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071375 cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901653 cellular response to peptide Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071495 cellular response to endogenous stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009719 response to endogenous stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071600 otic vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the otic vesicle are generated and organized. The otic vesicle is a transient embryonic structure formed during development of the vertebrate inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071699 olfactory placode morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071697 ectodermal placode morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the olfactory placode are generated and organized. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071763 nuclear membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear inner or outer membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071826 protein-RNA complex organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043933 protein-containing complex organization Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072006 nephron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072384 organelle transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051656 establishment of organelle localization The directed movement of an organelle along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of an organelle to a microtubule, and ends when the organelle reaches its final destination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072526 pyridine-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyridine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyridine or a formal derivative thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090031 positive regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046886 positive regulation of hormone biosynthetic process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090066 regulation of anatomical structure size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality Any process that modulates the size of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090277 positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the regulated release of a peptide hormone from secretory granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090303 positive regulation of wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061041 regulation of wound healing Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090329 regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006275 regulation of DNA replication Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of DNA-templated DNA replication, the process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097060 synaptic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098590 plasma membrane region A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097154 GABAergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a GABAergic neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097644 calcitonin family binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017046 peptide hormone binding Binding to a member of the calcitonin family (e.g. adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin), amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs)). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097708 intracellular vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031982 vesicle Any vesicle that is part of the intracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097722 sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048870 cell motility Any process involved in the controlled movement of a sperm cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097730 non-motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005929 cilium A cilium which may have a variable array of axonemal microtubules but does not contain molecular motors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098711 iron ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098659 inorganic cation import across plasma membrane The directed movement of iron ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098856 intestinal lipid absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050892 intestinal absorption Any process in which lipids are taken up from the contents of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098984 neuron to neuron synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse A synapse in which pre and post-synaptic cells are neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099501 exocytic vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030658 transport vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding an exocytic vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099503 secretory vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle A cytoplasmic, membrane bound vesicle that is capable of fusing to the plasma membrane to release its contents into the extracellular space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099515 actin filament-based transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030705 cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport The transport of organelles or other particles from one location in the cell to another along actin filaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099518 vesicle cytoskeletal trafficking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030705 cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport The directed movement of a vesicle along a cytoskeletal fiber such as a microtubule or and actin filament, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099738 cell cortex region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099568 cytoplasmic region The complete extent of cell cortex that underlies some some region of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900046 regulation of hemostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050878 regulation of body fluid levels Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900047 negative regulation of hemostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900046 regulation of hemostasis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900048 positive regulation of hemostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900046 regulation of hemostasis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900371 regulation of purine nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900542 regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of purine nucleotide biosynthetic processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900372 negative regulation of purine nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900543 negative regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of purine nucleotide biosynthetic processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900373 positive regulation of purine nucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900544 positive regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of purine nucleotide biosynthetic processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900542 regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006140 regulation of nucleotide metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of purine nucleotide metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900543 negative regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900542 regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of purine nucleotide metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900544 positive regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900542 regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of purine nucleotide metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901019 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032412 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901020 negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032413 negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901021 positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901019 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901142 insulin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019538 protein metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901161 primary amino compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary amino compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901652 response to peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901654 response to ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound A response that results in a state of tolerance to ketone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901879 regulation of protein depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043244 regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901881 positive regulation of protein depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043243 positive regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901891 regulation of cell septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032954 regulation of cytokinetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell septum assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901994 negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901993 regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902099 regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901987 regulation of cell cycle phase transition Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metaphase/anaphase transition of cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902576 negative regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033262 regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902679 negative regulation of RNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051253 negative regulation of RNA metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902905 positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of supramolecular fiber organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022411 cellular component disassembly The disaggregation of an organelle into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903108 regulation of mitochondrial transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006355 regulation of DNA-templated transcription Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription occuring in the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903115 regulation of actin filament-based movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032970 regulation of actin filament-based process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament-based movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903131 mononuclear cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002521 leukocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a mononuclear cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903299 regulation of hexokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043549 regulation of kinase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hexokinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903300 negative regulation of hexokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045912 negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hexokinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903301 positive regulation of hexokinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903299 regulation of hexokinase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hexokinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903353 regulation of nucleus organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nucleus organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903436 regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902412 regulation of mitotic cytokinesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903510 mucopolysaccharide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030203 glycosaminoglycan metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucopolysaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903792 negative regulation of monoatomic anion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043271 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anion transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903793 positive regulation of monoatomic anion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043270 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anion transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903976 negative regulation of glial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903975 regulation of glial cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904729 regulation of intestinal lipid absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904478 regulation of intestinal absorption Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal lipid absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904936 interneuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001764 neuron migration The orderly movement of an interneuron from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905268 negative regulation of chromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905269 positive regulation of chromatin organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001252 positive regulation of chromosome organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905332 positive regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905330 regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of morphogenesis of an epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905879 regulation of oogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905880 negative regulation of oogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905881 positive regulation of oogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990266 neutrophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097530 granulocyte migration The movement of a neutrophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990351 transporter complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex facilitating transport of molecules (proteins, small molecules, nucleic acids) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990904 ribonucleoprotein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A macromolecular complex that contains both RNA and protein molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000104 negative regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090329 regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000106 regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000107 negative regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000106 regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000108 positive regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000145 regulation of cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040012 regulation of locomotion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000146 negative regulation of cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040013 negative regulation of locomotion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000147 positive regulation of cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000177 regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000273 positive regulation of signaling receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044093 positive regulation of molecular function Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling receptor activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000278 regulation of DNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000279 negative regulation of DNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000278 regulation of DNA biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000573 positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000278 regulation of DNA biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000649 regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032412 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000650 negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032413 negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000651 positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902307 positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001251 negative regulation of chromosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010639 negative regulation of organelle organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001252 positive regulation of chromosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001257 regulation of cation channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cation channel activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001258 negative regulation of cation channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032413 negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cation channel activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001259 positive regulation of cation channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904064 positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cation channel activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034330 cell junction organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell junction. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034349 glial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a glial cell, a non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034350 regulation of glial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034351 negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034350 regulation of glial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034352 positive regulation of glial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034358 plasma lipoprotein particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990777 lipoprotein particle A spherical particle with a hydrophobic core of triglycerides and/or cholesterol esters, surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Plasma lipoprotein particles transport lipids, which are non-covalently associated with the particles, in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034390 smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010657 muscle cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a smooth muscle cell. Smooth muscle consists of non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034391 regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010660 regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034392 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010656 negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034393 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010661 positive regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034404 nucleobase-containing small molecule biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034654 nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034436 glycoprotein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901264 carbohydrate derivative transport The directed movement of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034486 vacuolar transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The process in which a solute is transported from one side of the vacuolar membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034502 protein localization to chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a specific location on a chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034505 tooth mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031214 biomineral tissue development The process in which calcium salts are deposited into calcareous tooth structures such as dental enamel, dentin and cementum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034656 nucleobase-containing small molecule catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044282 small molecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034672 anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in pronephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072098 anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in kidney development The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the pronephros along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034756 regulation of iron ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010959 regulation of metal ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions (Fe) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034757 negative regulation of iron ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043271 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034758 positive regulation of iron ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043270 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034759 regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions (Fe) from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034760 negative regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904063 negative regulation of cation transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034761 positive regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904064 positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034763 negative regulation of transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034764 positive regulation of transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034769 basement membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022617 extracellular matrix disassembly The controlled breakdown of the basement membrane in the context of a normal process such as imaginal disc eversion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034776 response to histamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035019 somatic stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019827 stem cell population maintenance Any process by which an organism retains a population of somatic stem cells, undifferentiated cells in the embryo or adult which can undergo unlimited division and give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035039 male pronucleus assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070925 organelle assembly The conversion at fertilization of the inactive sperm nucleus into a male pronucleus with its chromosomes processed for the first zygotic division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035040 sperm nuclear envelope removal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process Removal of the sperm nuclear envelope, allowing entry of maternal factors into the sperm nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035045 sperm plasma membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030397 membrane disassembly The gradual disintegration of the sperm plasma membrane following insemination. This process is seen in Drosophila after entry of the entire sperm, surrounded by its plasma membrane, into the egg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035136 forelimb morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035108 limb morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the forelimb are generated and organized. The forelimbs are the front limbs of an animal, e.g. the arms of a human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035137 hindlimb morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035108 limb morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the hindlimb are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035148 tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure through which gases and/or liquids flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035150 regulation of tube size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090066 regulation of anatomical structure size Ensuring that a tube is of the correct length and diameter. Tube size must be maintained not only during tube formation, but also throughout development and in some physiological processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035162 embryonic hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048568 embryonic organ development The stages of blood cell formation that take place within the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035190 syncytial nuclear migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007097 nuclear migration The directed movement of nuclei within the syncytial embryo of insects. These precise temporal and spatial patterns of nuclear movement are coordinated with mitotic divisons and are required during blastoderm formation to reposition dividing nuclei from the interior of the syncytial embryo to the cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035234 ectopic germ cell programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010623 programmed cell death involved in cell development Programmed cell death of an errant germ line cell that is outside the normal migratory path or ectopic to the gonad. This is an important mechanism of regulating germ cell survival within the embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035249 synaptic transmission, glutamatergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission The vesicular release of glutamate from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glutamate receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035260 internal genitalia morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035112 genitalia morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the internal genitalia are generated and organized. The internal genitalia are the internal sex organs such as the uterine tube, the uterus and the vagina in female mammals, and the testis, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and prostate in male mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035261 external genitalia morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035112 genitalia morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the external genitalia are generated and organized. The external genitalia are the outer sex organs, such as the penis or vulva in mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035262 gonad morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the gonads are generated and organized. A gonad is an animal organ producing gametes, e.g. the testes or the ovary in mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035264 multicellular organism growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The increase in size or mass of an entire multicellular organism, as opposed to cell growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035290 trunk segmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 segmentation Partitioning of the blastoderm embryo into trunk segmental units. In Drosophila, the trunk segments include thoracic segments and abdominal segments A1 to A8. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035296 regulation of tube diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035150 regulation of tube size Any process that modulates the diameter of a tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035315 hair cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hair cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035316 non-sensory hair organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120036 plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of non-sensory hairs. These hairs are polarized cellular extensions that cover much of the insect epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035322 mesenchymal cell migration involved in limb bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090497 mesenchymal cell migration The orderly movement of a mesenchymal cell from one site to another that will contribute to the formation of a limb bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035369 pre-B cell receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex An immunoglobulin-like complex that is present in at least the plasma membrane of pre-B cells, and that is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two surrogate light chains, each composed of the lambda-5 and VpreB proteins, and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035372 protein localization to microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072698 protein localization to microtubule cytoskeleton A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035374 chondroitin sulfate binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901681 sulfur compound binding Binding to chondroitin sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan made up of two alternating monosaccharides: D-glucuronic acid (GlcA) and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035377 transepithelial water transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042045 epithelial fluid transport The directed movement of water (H2O) from one side of an epithelium to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035378 carbon dioxide transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015670 carbon dioxide transport The process in which carbon dioxide (CO2) is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035379 carbon dioxide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of carbon dioxide (CO2) from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035418 protein localization to synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902414 protein localization to cell junction Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained at the synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035441 cell migration involved in vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the differentiation of an endothelial cell that will form de novo blood vessels and tubes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035482 gastric motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022600 digestive system process The spontaneous peristaltic movements of the stomach that aid in digestion, moving food through the stomach and out through the pyloric sphincter into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035483 gastric emptying http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035482 gastric motility The process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035502 metanephric part of ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development The development of the portion of the ureteric bud tube that contributes to the morphogenesis of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035503 ureter part of ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development The development of the portion of the ureteric bud that contributes to the morphogenesis of the ureter. The ureter ureteric bud is the initial structure that forms the ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035561 regulation of chromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin binding. Chromatin binding is the selective interaction with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035562 negative regulation of chromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035561 regulation of chromatin binding Any process that stops or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin binding. Chromatin binding is the selective interaction with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035563 positive regulation of chromatin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035561 regulation of chromatin binding Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin binding. Chromatin binding is the selective interaction with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035577 azurophil granule membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030667 secretory granule membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding an azurophil granule, a primary lysosomal granule found in neutrophil granulocytes that contains a wide range of hydrolytic enzymes and is released into the extracellular fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035589 G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035590 purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by an extracellular purine nucleotide binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035592 establishment of protein localization to extracellular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045184 establishment of protein localization The directed movement of a protein to a specific location within the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035622 intrahepatic bile duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061009 common bile duct development The progression of the intrahepatic bile ducts over time, from their formation to the mature structure. Intrahepatic bile ducts (bile ducts within the liver) collect bile from bile canaliculi in the liver, and connect to the extrahepatic bile ducts (bile ducts outside the liver). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035623 renal glucose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070293 renal absorption A renal system process in which glucose is taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035627 ceramide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of ceramides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Ceramides are a class of lipid composed of sphingosine linked to a fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035628 cystic duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061009 common bile duct development The progression of the cystic duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cystic duct runs from the gallbladder to the common bile duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035630 bone mineralization involved in bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030282 bone mineralization The deposition of hydroxyapatite, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035645 enteric smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051145 smooth muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035675 neuromast hair cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuromast hair cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035678 neuromast hair cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when a neuromast hair cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035686 sperm fibrous sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A cytoskeletal structure surrounding the axoneme and outer dense fibers of the sperm flagellum. Consists of two longitudinal columns connected by closely arrayed semicircular ribs that assemble from distal to proximal throughout spermiogenesis. The fibrous sheath probably influences the degree of flexibility, plane of flagellar motion, and the shape of the flagellar beat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035700 astrocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043615 astrocyte cell migration The directed movement of an astrocyte guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035701 hematopoietic stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a hematopoietic stem cell from one site to another. A hematopoietic stem cell is a cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035702 monocyte homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of monocytes such that the total number of monocytes within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035710 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046631 alpha-beta T cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035733 hepatic stellate cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072537 fibroblast activation A change in the morphology or behavior of a hepatic stellate cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, hormone, cellular ligand or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035735 intraciliary transport involved in cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042073 intraciliary transport The bidirectional movement of large protein complexes along microtubules within a cilium that contributes to cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035736 cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to compound eye morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035754 B cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048247 lymphocyte chemotaxis The directed movement of a B cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035767 endothelial cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043542 endothelial cell migration The directed movement of an endothelial cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035773 insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030073 insulin secretion The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules (B granules) in the B cells of the pancreas; accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin, in response to a glucose stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035774 positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061178 regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin that contributes to the response of a cell to glucose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035775 pronephric glomerulus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072102 glomerulus morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the pronephric glomerulus are generated and organized. The pronephric glomerulus is part of the pronephric nephron and is restricted to one body segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035776 pronephric proximal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072014 proximal tubule development The progression of the pronephric proximal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035777 pronephric distal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072017 distal tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pronephric distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035778 pronephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072160 nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the pronephric nephron tubule as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035779 angioblast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048863 stem cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an angioblast cell. Angioblasts are one of the two products formed from hemangioblast cells (the other being pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035787 cell migration involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035788 cell migration involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035787 cell migration involved in kidney development The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the progression of the metanephric kidney over time, from its formation to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035799 ureter maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048799 animal organ maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the ureter to attain its fully functional state. The ureter is a muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder or from the Malpighian tubule to the hindgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035801 adrenal cortex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adrenal cortex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The adrenal cortex is located at the periphery of the adrenal gland and controls glucose and electrolyte metabolism, response to stress and sexual development through the production of different classes of steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and androgens). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035802 adrenal cortex formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to the adrenal cortex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The adrenogonadal primordium from which the adrenal cortex is formed derives from a condensation of coelomic epithelial cells (the urogenital ridge; the same structure from which gonads and kidney also originate). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035805 egg coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031012 extracellular matrix A specialized extracellular matrix that surrounds the plasma membrane of the ovum of animals. The egg coat provides structural support and can play an essential role in oogenesis, fertilization and early development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035809 regulation of urine volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050878 regulation of body fluid levels Any process that modulates the amount of urine excreted from the body over a unit of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035834 indole alkaloid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009820 alkaloid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an indole alkaloid, an alkaloid containing an indole skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035844 cloaca development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cloaca over time, from it's formation to the mature structure. The cloaca is the common chamber into which intestinal, genital and urinary canals open in vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035845 photoreceptor cell outer segment organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level and results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the outer segment of a photoreceptor cell, a sensory cell that reacts to the presence of light. The outer segment of the photoreceptor cell contains the light-absorbing materials. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035846 oviduct epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The progression of the oviduct epithelium over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism. The oviduct epithelium is the specialized epithelium that lines the oviduct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035847 uterine epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035846 oviduct epithelium development The progression of an epithelium of the uterus over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035848 oviduct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures of the oviduct are generated and organized. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035855 megakaryocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061515 myeloid cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a megakaryocyte cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Megakaryocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a megakaryocyte fate. A megakaryocyte is a giant cell 50 to 100 micron in diameter, with a greatly lobulated nucleus, found in the bone marrow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035878 nail development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nail over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A nail is a horn-like envelope covering the outer end of a finger or toe, and consists of the nail plate, the nail matrix and the nail bed below it, and the grooves surrounding it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035881 amacrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an amacrine cell, an interneuron generated in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the vertebrate retina. Amacrine cells integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. Amacrine cells lack large axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035886 vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051145 smooth muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a vascular smooth muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035887 aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035886 vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell surrounding the aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035898 parathyroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060986 endocrine hormone secretion The regulated release of parathyroid hormone into the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035904 aorta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060840 artery development The progression of the aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. An aorta is an artery that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035905 ascending aorta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the ascending aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035906 descending aorta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the descending aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035907 dorsal aorta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035904 aorta development The progression of the dorsal aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035909 aorta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048844 artery morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of an aorta are generated and organized. An aorta is an artery that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035910 ascending aorta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the ascending aorta are generated and organized. The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035911 descending aorta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the descending aorta are generated and organized. The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035912 dorsal aorta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035909 aorta morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the dorsal aorta are generated and organized. The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035929 steroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140353 lipid export from cell The regulated release of any steroid that acts as a hormone into the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035930 corticosteroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035929 steroid hormone secretion The regulated release of any corticosteroid hormone into the circulatory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035931 mineralocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035930 corticosteroid hormone secretion The regulated release of any mineralocorticoid into the circulatory system. Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate water and electrolyte metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035933 glucocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035930 corticosteroid hormone secretion The regulated release of any glucocorticoid hormone into the circulatory system. Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate a variety of physiological processes, in particular control of the concentration of glucose in blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035934 corticosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035933 glucocorticoid secretion The regulated release of corticosterone into the circulatory system. Corticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035935 androgen secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035929 steroid hormone secretion The regulated release of an androgen into the circulatory system. Androgens are steroid hormones that stimulate or control the development and maintenance of masculine characteristics in vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035936 testosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140353 lipid export from cell The regulated release of testosterone into the circulatory system. Testosterone is an androgen having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4-C-5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035981 tongue muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098528 skeletal muscle fiber differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a tongue muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035988 chondrocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035990 tendon cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a tendon cell. Tendon cell are elongated fibrocytes in which the cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon. Tendon cells have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus, a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, and are responsible for synthesis and turnover of tendon fibres and ground substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035992 tendon formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to a tendon. This process pertains to the initial formation of a tendon from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035993 deltoid tuberosity development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the deltoid tuberosity over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The deltoid tuberosity is the region on the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches. The deltoid tuberosity develops through endochondral ossification in a two-phase process; an initiating tendon-dependent phase, and a muscle-dependent growth phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036022 limb joint morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a limb joint are generated and organized. A limb joint is a flexible region that separates the rigid sections of a limb to allow movement in a controlled manner. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036035 osteoclast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061515 myeloid cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a osteoclast from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036037 CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046631 alpha-beta T cell activation The change in morphology and behavior of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036053 glomerular endothelium fenestra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046930 pore complex A large plasma membrane-lined circular pore that perforates the flattened glomerular endothelium and, unlike those of other fenestrated capillaries, is not spanned by diaphragms; the density and size of glomerular fenestrae account, at least in part, for the high permeability of the glomerular capillary wall to water and small solutes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036099 female germ-line stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030718 germ-line stem cell population maintenance The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of female germ-line stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036135 Schwann cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008347 glial cell migration The orderly movement of a Schwann cell from one site to another. A Schwann cell is a glial cell that ensheathes axons of neuron in the peripheral nervous system and is necessary for their maintainance and function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036145 dendritic cell homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001776 leukocyte homeostasis The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of dendritic cells such that the total number of dendritic cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036156 inner dynein arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005858 axonemal dynein complex Inner arm structure present on the outer doublet microtubules of ciliary and flagellar axonemes. The structure of inner dynein arms is complex and may vary within the axoneme. Inner dynein arms are heteromeric, comprising 8 different heavy chains and various subunits. Inner and outer dynein arms have different functions in the generation of microtubule-based motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036157 outer dynein arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005858 axonemal dynein complex Outer arm structure present on the outer doublet microtubules of ciliary and flagellar axonemes. Outer dynein arms contain 2-3 heavy chains, two or more intermediate chains and a cluster of 4-8 light chains. Inner and outer dynein arms have different functions in the generation of microtubule-based motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036160 melanocyte-stimulating hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of a melanocyte-stimulating hormone, any of a group of peptide hormones that are produced by cells in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland, and stimulate the production of melanin to increase pigmentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036161 calcitonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of calcitonin, a peptide hormone that participates in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036179 osteoclast maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an osteoclast cell to attain its fully functional state. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, and which typically differentiates from monocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036194 muscle cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A prolongation or process extending from a muscle cell. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte. This cell has as part of its cytoplasm myofibrils organized in various patterns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036195 muscle cell projection membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031253 cell projection membrane The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a muscle cell projection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036230 granulocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002274 myeloid leukocyte activation The change in morphology and behavior of a granulocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036302 atrioventricular canal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the atrioventricular canal over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The atrioventricular canal is the part of the heart connecting the atrium to the cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036304 umbilical cord morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the umbilical cord are generated and organized. The umbilical cord is an organ or embryonic origin consisting of the 2 umbilical arteries and the one umbilical vein. The umbilical cord connects the cardiovascular system of the fetus to the mother via the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036305 ameloblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002065 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an ameloblast, a cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamel organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036322 pancreatic polypeptide secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) from a cell. Pancreatic polypeptide is a 36 amino acid polypeptide secreted by islets of Langerhans cells in the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036333 hepatocyte homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048872 homeostasis of number of cells Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of hepatocytes within a population of cells. Hepatocytes are specialized epithelial cells of the liver that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036334 epidermal stem cell homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048872 homeostasis of number of cells Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of epidermal stem cells within a population of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036342 post-anal tail morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which a post-anal tail is generated and organized. A post-anal tail is a muscular region of the body that extends posterior to the anus. The post-anal tail may aid locomotion and balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036345 platelet maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a platelet to attain its fully functional state. A platelet is a non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036376 sodium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140115 export across plasma membrane The directed movement of sodium ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036446 myofibroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which an undifferentiated cell acquires the features of a myofibroblast cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036484 trunk neural crest cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001755 neural crest cell migration The characteristic movement of trunk neural crest cells from the neural tube to other locations in the vertebrate embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036504 Golgi membrane fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090174 organelle membrane fusion The joining of two lipid bilayers that surround the Golgi apparatus to form a single Golgi membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036520 astrocyte-dopaminergic neuron signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150098 glial cell-neuron signaling Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from an astrocyte to a dopaminergic neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038169 somatostatin receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by somatostatin binding to the somatostatin receptor (SSTR) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039006 pronephric nephron tubule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072079 nephron tubule formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a pronephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039007 pronephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072028 nephron morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the pronephric nephron are generated and organized. A pronephric nephron is the functional unit of the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039008 pronephric nephron tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072078 nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a pronephric nephron tubule are generated and organized from an epithelium. A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039011 pronephric proximal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072158 proximal tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a pronephric nephron proximal tubule are generated and organized. A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039013 pronephric distal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072156 distal tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a pronephric nephron distal tubule are generated and organized. A pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039014 cell differentiation involved in pronephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061005 cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the pronephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039015 cell proliferation involved in pronephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072111 cell proliferation involved in kidney development The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the population in the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039016 cell-cell signaling involved in pronephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060995 cell-cell signaling involved in kidney development Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the pronephros over time, from its formation to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039017 pattern specification involved in pronephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061004 pattern specification involved in kidney development Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the pronephros to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039019 pronephric nephron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072006 nephron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pronephric nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pronephric nephron is the functional unit of the pronephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039020 pronephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pronephric nephron tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron and connects the filtration unit (glomerulus or glomus) of the pronephros to the pronephric duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039021 pronephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032835 glomerulus development The progression of the glomerulus of the pronephric kidney over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pronephric glomerulus is part of the pronephric nephron and is restricted to one body segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039022 pronephric duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072176 nephric duct development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pronephric duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pronephric duct collects the filtrate from the pronephric tubules and opens to the exterior of the pronephric kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0039023 pronephric duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072178 nephric duct morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the pronephric duct are generated and organized. The pronephric duct collects the filtrate from the pronephric tubules and opens to the exterior of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040012 regulation of locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040013 negative regulation of locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040012 regulation of locomotion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040014 regulation of multicellular organism growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of the body of an organism so that it reaches its usual body size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040015 negative regulation of multicellular organism growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040014 regulation of multicellular organism growth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organism to reach its usual body size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040016 embryonic cleavage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The first few specialized divisions of an activated animal egg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040017 positive regulation of locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040012 regulation of locomotion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040018 positive regulation of multicellular organism growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048639 positive regulation of developmental growth Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organism to reach its usual body size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040019 positive regulation of embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040034 regulation of development, heterochronic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the consistent predetermined time point at which an integrated living unit or organism progresses from an initial condition to a later condition and the rate at which this time point is reached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042045 epithelial fluid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070633 transepithelial transport The directed movement of fluid across epithelia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042053 regulation of dopamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042065 glial cell growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048588 developmental cell growth Growth of glial cells, non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042069 regulation of catecholamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catecholamines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042073 intraciliary transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031503 protein-containing complex localization The bidirectional movement of large protein complexes along microtubules within a cilium, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042078 germ-line stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017145 stem cell division The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042103 positive regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046013 regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042104 positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046006 regulation of activated T cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042157 lipoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043170 macromolecule metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the covalently attached nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042176 regulation of protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042177 negative regulation of protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042183 formate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015942 formate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042301 phosphate ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043168 anion binding Binding to a phosphate ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042304 regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042340 keratan sulfate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042339 keratan sulfate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042414 epinephrine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042415 norepinephrine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042417 dopamine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006807 nitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042418 epinephrine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042414 epinephrine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042420 dopamine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042421 norepinephrine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042415 norepinephrine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042422 norepinephrine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042415 norepinephrine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042423 catecholamine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009713 catechol-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042424 catecholamine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019614 catechol-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042426 choline catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019695 choline metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042428 serotonin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097164 ammonium ion metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042429 serotonin catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042436 indole-containing compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042442 melatonin catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042436 indole-containing compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042451 purine nucleoside biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009163 nucleoside biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any purine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042454 ribonucleoside catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009119 ribonucleoside metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine or pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042462 eye photoreceptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042461 photoreceptor cell development Development of a photoreceptor, a sensory cell in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. They usually contain a pigment that undergoes a chemical change when light is absorbed, thus stimulating a nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042471 ear morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090596 sensory organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the ear are generated and organized. The ear is the sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042473 outer ear morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the outer ear are generated and organized. The outer ear is the part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042474 middle ear morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the middle ear are generated and organized. The middle ear is the air-filled cavity within the skull of vertebrates that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. It is linked to the pharynx (and therefore to outside air) via the Eustachian tube and in mammals contains the three ear ossicles, which transmit auditory vibrations from the outer ear (via the tympanum) to the inner ear (via the oval window). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042475 odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042476 odontogenesis The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dentin-containing tooth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dentin-containing tooth is a hard, bony organ borne on the jaw or other bone of a vertebrate, and is composed mainly of dentin, a dense calcified substance, covered by a layer of enamel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042476 odontogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tooth or teeth over time, from formation to the mature structure(s). A tooth is any hard bony, calcareous, or chitinous organ found in the mouth or pharynx of an animal and used in procuring or masticating food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042478 regulation of eye photoreceptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eye photoreceptor development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042479 positive regulation of eye photoreceptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eye photoreceptor development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042480 negative regulation of eye photoreceptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010721 negative regulation of cell development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eye photoreceptor development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042481 regulation of odontogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042482 positive regulation of odontogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042481 regulation of odontogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042483 negative regulation of odontogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042481 regulation of odontogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042487 regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042481 regulation of odontogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042488 positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042487 regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages that are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042489 negative regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042487 regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042490 mechanoreceptor differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mechanoreceptor, a cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042539 hypotonic salinity response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009651 response to salt stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042571 immunoglobulin complex, circulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex An immunoglobulin complex that is secreted into extracellular space and found in mucosal areas or other tissues or circulating in the blood or lymph. In its canonical form, a circulating immunoglobulin complex is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Some forms of are polymers of the basic structure and contain additional components such as J-chain and the secretory component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042572 retinol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinol, one of the three compounds that makes up vitamin A. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042582 azurophil granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule Primary lysosomal granule found in neutrophil granulocytes. Contains a wide range of hydrolytic enzymes and is released into the extracellular fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042585 germinal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001674 female germ cell nucleus The enlarged, fluid filled nucleus of a primary oocyte, the development of which is suspended in prophase I of the first meiotic division between embryohood and sexual maturity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042588 zymogen granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule A membrane-bounded, cytoplasmic secretory granule found in enzyme-secreting cells and visible by light microscopy. Contain zymogen, an inactive enzyme precursor, often of a digestive enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042589 zymogen granule membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030667 secretory granule membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a zymogen granule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042599 lamellar body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030141 secretory granule A membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion of various substances (surfactant phospholipids, glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae. Has some similar properties to, but is distinct from, a lysosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042612 MHC class I protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042611 MHC protein complex A transmembrane protein complex composed of a MHC class I alpha chain and an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide antigen. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042613 MHC class II protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042611 MHC protein complex A transmembrane protein complex composed of an MHC class II alpha and MHC class II beta chain, and with or without a bound peptide or polysaccharide antigen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042627 chylomicron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034358 plasma lipoprotein particle A large lipoprotein particle (diameter 75-1200 nm) composed of a central core of triglycerides and cholesterol surrounded by a protein-phospholipid coating. The proteins include one molecule of apolipoprotein B-48 and may include a variety of apolipoproteins, including APOAs, APOCs and APOE. Chylomicrons are found in blood or lymph and carry lipids from the intestines into other body tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042628 mating plug formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The deposition of a plug of sperm or other gelatinous material into the opening of the vulva by a male at the termination of copulation. Probably acts to prevent subsequent matings by other males. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042632 cholesterol homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055092 sterol homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of cholesterol within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042634 regulation of hair cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042635 positive regulation of hair cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042634 regulation of hair cycle Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042636 negative regulation of hair cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042634 regulation of hair cycle Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042637 catagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044851 hair cycle phase The regression phase of the hair cycle during which cell proliferation ceases, the hair follicle shortens, and an anchored club hair is produced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042638 exogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044851 hair cycle phase The shedding phase of the hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042639 telogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044851 hair cycle phase The resting phase of hair cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042640 anagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044851 hair cycle phase The growth phase of the hair cycle. Lasts, for example, about 3 to 6 years for human scalp hair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042670 retinal cone cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060219 camera-type eye photoreceptor cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a retinal cone cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042692 muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042696 menarche http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022601 menstrual cycle phase The beginning of the menstrual cycle; the first menstrual cycle in an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042701 progesterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035929 steroid hormone secretion The regulated release of progesterone, a steroid hormone, by the corpus luteum of the ovary and by the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042702 uterine wall growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The regrowth of the endometrium and blood vessels in the uterus following menstruation, resulting from a rise in progesterone levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042703 menstruation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022601 menstrual cycle phase The cyclic, physiologic discharge through the vagina of blood and endometrial tissues from the nonpregnant uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042713 sperm ejaculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The expulsion of seminal fluid, thick white fluid containing spermatozoa, from the male genital tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042730 fibrinolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030195 negative regulation of blood coagulation A process that solubilizes fibrin in the bloodstream of a multicellular organism, chiefly by the proteolytic action of plasmin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042754 negative regulation of circadian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042773 ATP synthesis coupled electron transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022904 respiratory electron transport chain The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042776 proton motive force-driven mitochondrial ATP synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015986 proton motive force-driven ATP synthesis The transport of protons across a mitochondrial membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042940 D-amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of the D-enantiomer of an amino acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042943 D-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of D-amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. D-amino acids are the D-enantiomers of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042953 lipoprotein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045184 establishment of protein localization The directed movement of any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042996 regulation of Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060627 regulation of vesicle-mediated transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the transport of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042997 negative regulation of Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903077 negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the transport of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042998 positive regulation of Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903078 positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the transport of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043001 Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072659 protein localization to plasma membrane The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that move from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043030 regulation of macrophage activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of macrophage activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043031 negative regulation of macrophage activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043030 regulation of macrophage activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043032 positive regulation of macrophage activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043030 regulation of macrophage activation Any process that stimulates, induces or increases the rate of macrophage activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043049 otic placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The initial developmental process that will lead to the formation of the vertebrate inner ear. The otic placode forms as a thickening of the head ectoderm adjacent to the developing hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043084 penile erection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process The hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043116 negative regulation of vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043114 regulation of vascular permeability Any process that reduces the extent to which blood vessels can be pervaded by fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043117 positive regulation of vascular permeability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043114 regulation of vascular permeability Any process that increases the extent to which blood vessels can be pervaded by fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043129 surfactant homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048871 multicellular organismal-level homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of a steady-state level of a surface-active agent that maintains the surface tension of a liquid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043133 hindgut contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022600 digestive system process A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the hindgut. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The hindgut is the posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043134 regulation of hindgut contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044058 regulation of digestive system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction of the hindgut, the posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043143 regulation of translation by machinery localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization Any process in which proteins and protein complexes involved in translation are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043167 ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to an ion, a charged atoms or groups of atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043184 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005172 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding Binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043194 axon initial segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Portion of the axon proximal to the neuronal cell body, at the level of the axon hillock. The action potentials that propagate along the axon are generated at the level of this initial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043195 terminal bouton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098793 presynapse Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043197 dendritic spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098794 postsynapse A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment, typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable:they can be thin, stubby, mushroom, or branched, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043199 sulfate binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901681 sulfur compound binding Binding to sulfate, SO4(2-), a negatively charged small molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043208 glycosphingolipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046625 sphingolipid binding Binding to glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043209 myelin sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043229 intracellular organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043230 extracellular organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring outside the cell. Includes, for example, extracellular membrane vesicles (EMVs) and the cellulosomes of anaerobic bacteria and fungi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043242 negative regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex disassembly, the disaggregation of a protein complex into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043243 positive regulation of protein-containing complex disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex disassembly, the disaggregation of a protein complex into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043249 erythrocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an erythrocyte to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043264 extracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043228 non-membrane-bounded organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring outside the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043266 regulation of potassium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010959 regulation of metal ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043267 negative regulation of potassium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043271 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043268 positive regulation of potassium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043270 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043276 anoikis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Apoptosis triggered by inadequate or inappropriate adherence to substrate e.g. after disruption of the interactions between normal epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043282 chordate pharyngeal muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007517 muscle organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pharyngeal muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pharyngeal muscle is any muscle that forms part of the pharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043300 regulation of leukocyte degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903305 regulation of regulated secretory pathway Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043301 negative regulation of leukocyte degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903306 negative regulation of regulated secretory pathway Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043302 positive regulation of leukocyte degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903307 positive regulation of regulated secretory pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043304 regulation of mast cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043300 regulation of leukocyte degranulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043305 negative regulation of mast cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043304 regulation of mast cell degranulation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of mast cell degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043306 positive regulation of mast cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043304 regulation of mast cell degranulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mast cell degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043312 neutrophil degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043299 leukocyte degranulation The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as proteases, lipases, and inflammatory mediators by a neutrophil. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043313 regulation of neutrophil degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043300 regulation of leukocyte degranulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043314 negative regulation of neutrophil degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043313 regulation of neutrophil degranulation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of neutrophil degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043315 positive regulation of neutrophil degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043313 regulation of neutrophil degranulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043320 natural killer cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043299 leukocyte degranulation The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a natural killer cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043321 regulation of natural killer cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043300 regulation of leukocyte degranulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043322 negative regulation of natural killer cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043321 regulation of natural killer cell degranulation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of natural killer cell degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043323 positive regulation of natural killer cell degranulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043321 regulation of natural killer cell degranulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell degranulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043324 pigment metabolic process involved in developmental pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043474 pigment metabolic process involved in pigmentation The chemical reactions and pathways involving biological pigments e.g. melanin, occurring as part of the development of an organ or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043353 enucleate erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030218 erythrocyte differentiation The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specialized features of an erythrocyte without a nucleus. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043354 enucleate erythrocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043249 erythrocyte maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an enucleate erythrocyte to attain its fully functional state. An enucleate erythrocyte is an erythrocyte without a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043362 nucleate erythrocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043249 erythrocyte maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a nucleate erythrocyte to attain its fully functional state. A nucleate erythrocyte is an erythrocyte with a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043363 nucleate erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030218 erythrocyte differentiation The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of an erythrocyte with a nucleus, as found in non-mammalian vertebrates such as birds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043368 positive T cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045058 T cell selection The process of sparing immature T cells which react with self-MHC protein complexes with low affinity levels from apoptotic death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043376 regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001185 regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043377 negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001186 negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043378 positive regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001187 positive regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043383 negative T cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045058 T cell selection The process of elimination of immature T cells which react strongly with self-antigens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043388 positive regulation of DNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051101 regulation of DNA binding Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043392 negative regulation of DNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051101 regulation of DNA binding Any process that stops or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043394 proteoglycan binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097367 carbohydrate derivative binding Binding to a proteoglycan, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043396 corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a polypeptide hormone involved in the stress response. CRH is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates corticotropic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary to produce corticotropic hormone (CTH) and other biologically active substances e.g. 2-endorphin, release of CRH is affected by serum levels of cortisol, by stress and by the sleep/wake cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043397 regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043417 negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043416 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043457 regulation of cellular respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043467 regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular respiration, the enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043465 regulation of fermentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043467 regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fermentation, the anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, to other compounds, especially to ethyl alcohol, resulting in energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043474 pigment metabolic process involved in pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042440 pigment metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, resulting in the deposition or aggregation of pigment in an organism, tissue or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043504 mitochondrial DNA repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006281 DNA repair The process of restoring mitochondrial DNA after damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043514 interleukin-12 complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-12 alpha (p35, product of the IL12A gene) and an interleukin-12 beta subunit (p40, product of the IL12B gene) and is secreted into the extracellular space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043523 regulation of neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043524 negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043523 regulation of neuron apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043525 positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043535 regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010594 regulation of endothelial cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043536 positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010595 positive regulation of endothelial cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043537 negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010596 negative regulation of endothelial cell migration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043576 regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process of gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043583 ear development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007423 sensory organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ear is the sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. Includes the outer ear and middle ear, which collect and transmit sound waves; and the inner ear, which contains the organs of balance and (except in fish) hearing. Also includes the pinna, the visible part of the outer ear, present in some mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043585 nose morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090596 sensory organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the nose are generated and organized. The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043586 tongue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007423 sensory organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tongue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043587 tongue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090596 sensory organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the tongue are generated and organized. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in man other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043589 skin morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the skin are generated and organized. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner, sensitive and vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043679 axon terminus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044306 neuron projection terminus Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal button is a specialized region of it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043695 detection of pheromone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019236 response to pheromone The series of events in which a pheromone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043931 ossification involved in bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001503 ossification The formation of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in the progression of the skeleton from its formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043932 ossification involved in bone remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001503 ossification The formation or growth of bone or of a bony substance, or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone, involved in response to injury or other physical, physiological or environmental stress stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044030 regulation of DNA methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044058 regulation of digestive system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044062 regulation of excretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044057 regulation of system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of excretion, the elimination by an organism of the waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044090 positive regulation of vacuole organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044207 translation initiation ternary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990904 ribonucleoprotein complex A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044224 juxtaparanode region of axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A region of an axon near a node of Ranvier that is between the paranode and internode regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044258 intestinal lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016042 lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown into fatty acids and monoglycerides of lipids in the small intestine. Lipids are broken down by lipases released by the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044297 cell body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044306 neuron projection terminus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The specialized, terminal region of a neuron projection such as an axon or a dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044309 neuron spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005 neuron projection A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044342 type B pancreatic cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic B cells, resulting in the expansion of an pancreatic B cell population. Pancreatic B cell are cells of the pancreas that secrete insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044346 fibroblast apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a fibroblast, a connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044380 protein localization to cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044458 motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060271 cilium assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a motile cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044565 dendritic cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032943 mononuclear cell proliferation The expansion of a dendritic cell population by cell division. A dendritic cell is a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044566 chondrocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation A change in the morphology or behavior of a chondrocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044691 tooth eruption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The tooth development process in which the teeth enter the mouth and become visible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044770 cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next cell cycle phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044785 metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044771 meiotic cell cycle phase transition The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from metaphase to anaphase as part of meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044851 hair cycle phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044848 biological phase The cyclical periods of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044872 lipoprotein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033036 macromolecule localization Any process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044873 lipoprotein localization to membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044872 lipoprotein localization A process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044874 lipoprotein localization to outer membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044873 lipoprotein localization to membrane A process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in an outer membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045031 G protein-coupled ATP receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with ATP and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045058 T cell selection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process The process in which T cells that express T cell receptors that are restricted by self MHC protein complexes and tolerant to self antigens are selected for further maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045095 keratin filament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005882 intermediate filament A filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells. The keratins are the most diverse classes of IF proteins, with a large number of keratin isoforms being expressed. Each type of epithelium always expresses a characteristic combination of type I and type II keratins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045103 intermediate filament-based process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the intermediate filament cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045104 intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045103 intermediate filament-based process A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045109 intermediate filament organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045104 intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization Control of the spatial distribution of intermediate filaments; includes organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045121 membrane raft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098857 membrane microdomain Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045124 regulation of bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046850 regulation of bone remodeling Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone tissue loss (resorption). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045136 development of secondary sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. In humans, these include growth of axillary, chest, and pubic hair, voice changes, testicular/penile enlargement, breast development and menstrual periods. Development occurs in response to sex hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045144 meiotic sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000819 sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and randomly apportioned to two sets during the second division of the meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045161 neuronal ion channel clustering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization The process in which voltage-gated ion channels become localized to distinct subcellular domains in the neuron. Specific targeting, clustering, and maintenance of these channels in their respective domains are essential to achieve high conduction velocities of action potential propagation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045190 isotype switching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002312 B cell activation involved in immune response The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of other isotypes of immunoglobulin, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion involving switch regions that reside 5' of each constant region gene segment in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045191 regulation of isotype switching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050864 regulation of B cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045196 establishment or maintenance of neuroblast polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007163 establishment or maintenance of cell polarity Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045200 establishment of neuroblast polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045196 establishment or maintenance of neuroblast polarity The specification and formation of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045211 postsynaptic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097060 synaptic membrane A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045222 CD4 biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4, a CD marker that occurs on T-helper cells and is involved in MHC class II restricted interactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045223 regulation of CD4 production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010559 regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045224 positive regulation of CD4 production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010560 positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045225 negative regulation of CD4 production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010561 negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045296 cadherin binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050839 cell adhesion molecule binding Binding to cadherin, a type I membrane protein involved in cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045444 fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045453 bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001894 tissue homeostasis The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045475 locomotor rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048512 circadian behavior The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045586 regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046643 regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045587 negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046644 negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045588 positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046645 positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045598 regulation of fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045599 negative regulation of fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045598 regulation of fat cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045600 positive regulation of fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045601 regulation of endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045602 negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045601 regulation of endothelial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045603 positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045601 regulation of endothelial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045604 regulation of epidermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045682 regulation of epidermis development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045605 negative regulation of epidermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045683 negative regulation of epidermis development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045606 positive regulation of epidermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045684 positive regulation of epidermis development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045607 regulation of inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000980 regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045609 positive regulation of inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000982 positive regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045616 regulation of keratinocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045604 regulation of epidermal cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045617 negative regulation of keratinocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045616 regulation of keratinocyte differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045618 positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045616 regulation of keratinocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045622 regulation of T-helper cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043370 regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045623 negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045622 regulation of T-helper cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045624 positive regulation of T-helper cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045622 regulation of T-helper cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045625 regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045622 regulation of T-helper cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045626 negative regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045625 regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045627 positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045625 regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045628 regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045622 regulation of T-helper cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045629 negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045628 regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045630 positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045628 regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045631 regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045632 negative regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045633 positive regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045634 regulation of melanocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050932 regulation of pigment cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of melanocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045635 negative regulation of melanocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050941 negative regulation of pigment cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of melanocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045636 positive regulation of melanocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050942 positive regulation of pigment cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of melanocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045643 regulation of eosinophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030852 regulation of granulocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045644 negative regulation of eosinophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045643 regulation of eosinophil differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045645 positive regulation of eosinophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045643 regulation of eosinophil differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045647 negative regulation of erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045646 regulation of erythrocyte differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045648 positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045646 regulation of erythrocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045652 regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045637 regulation of myeloid cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045653 negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045652 regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045654 positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045652 regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045655 regulation of monocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002761 regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045656 negative regulation of monocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045655 regulation of monocyte differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045657 positive regulation of monocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045655 regulation of monocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045658 regulation of neutrophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030852 regulation of granulocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045659 negative regulation of neutrophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045658 regulation of neutrophil differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045660 positive regulation of neutrophil differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045658 regulation of neutrophil differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045661 regulation of myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045662 negative regulation of myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045661 regulation of myoblast differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045663 positive regulation of myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045667 regulation of osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045668 negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045667 regulation of osteoblast differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045669 positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045670 regulation of osteoclast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002761 regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045671 negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045670 regulation of osteoclast differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045672 positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045670 regulation of osteoclast differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045682 regulation of epidermis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045683 negative regulation of epidermis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045682 regulation of epidermis development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045684 positive regulation of epidermis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045682 regulation of epidermis development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045700 regulation of spermatid nuclear differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spermatid nuclear differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045701 negative regulation of spermatid nuclear differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of spermatid nuclear differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045702 positive regulation of spermatid nuclear differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of spermatid nuclear differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045719 negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070874 negative regulation of glycogen metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045721 negative regulation of gluconeogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045912 negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045722 positive regulation of gluconeogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010907 positive regulation of glucose metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045723 positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046889 positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045724 positive regulation of cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120034 positive regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045725 positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070875 positive regulation of glycogen metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045732 positive regulation of protein catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045734 regulation of acetate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031329 regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, the anion of acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045740 positive regulation of DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051054 positive regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045745 positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008277 regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045753 negative regulation of acetate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045754 positive regulation of acetate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045734 regulation of acetate catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045759 negative regulation of action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098900 regulation of action potential Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045760 positive regulation of action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098900 regulation of action potential Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045766 positive regulation of angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045765 regulation of angiogenesis Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045769 negative regulation of asymmetric cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009786 regulation of asymmetric cell division Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of asymmetric cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045770 positive regulation of asymmetric cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009786 regulation of asymmetric cell division Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of asymmetric cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045773 positive regulation of axon extension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050772 positive regulation of axonogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045779 negative regulation of bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046851 negative regulation of bone remodeling Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045780 positive regulation of bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045124 regulation of bone resorption Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045787 positive regulation of cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045922 negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031324 negative regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045923 positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031325 positive regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045937 positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010562 positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045957 negative regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030451 regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the alternative pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045958 positive regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030451 regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the alternative pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045959 negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030450 regulation of complement activation, classical pathway Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the classical pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045960 positive regulation of complement activation, classical pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030450 regulation of complement activation, classical pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the classical pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046006 regulation of activated T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042129 regulation of T cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046013 regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042129 regulation of T cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046128 purine ribonucleoside metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009119 ribonucleoside metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046323 glucose import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904659 glucose transmembrane transport The directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046358 butyrate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019605 butyrate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of butyrate, the anion of butyric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046359 butyrate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019605 butyrate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of butyrate, the anion of butyric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046532 regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046533 negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046534 positive regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046621 negative regulation of organ growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048640 negative regulation of developmental growth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organ of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046622 positive regulation of organ growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048639 positive regulation of developmental growth Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organ of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046625 sphingolipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008289 lipid binding Binding to a sphingolipid, a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046627 negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009968 negative regulation of signal transduction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046628 positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009967 positive regulation of signal transduction Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046637 regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045580 regulation of T cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046638 positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046637 regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046639 negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046637 regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046643 regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050863 regulation of T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046644 negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868 negative regulation of T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046645 positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046643 regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032386 regulation of intracellular transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046823 negative regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046824 positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046827 positive regulation of protein export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046825 regulation of protein export from nucleus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046849 bone remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048771 tissue remodeling The continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral that involves first, an increase in resorption (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive bone formation (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis. An imbalance in the regulation of bone resorption and bone formation results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046850 regulation of bone remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034103 regulation of tissue remodeling Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone remodeling, the processes of bone formation and resorption that combine to maintain skeletal integrity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046851 negative regulation of bone remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046850 regulation of bone remodeling Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046852 positive regulation of bone remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046850 regulation of bone remodeling Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046951 ketone body biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902224 ketone body metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Biosynthesis involves the formation of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA, which is cleaved to acetate and acetyl-CoA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048102 autophagic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012501 programmed cell death A form of programmed cell death that is accompanied by the formation of autophagosomes. Autophagic cell death is characterized by lack of chromatin condensation and massive vacuolization of the cytoplasm, with little or no uptake by phagocytic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048103 somatic stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017145 stem cell division The self-renewing division of a somatic stem cell, a stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048194 Golgi vesicle budding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006900 vesicle budding from membrane The evagination of the Golgi membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048199 vesicle targeting, to, from or within Golgi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006903 vesicle targeting The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes during transport to, from or within the Golgi apparatus; mediated by the addition of specific coat proteins, including COPI and COPII proteins and clathrin, to the membrane during vesicle formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048639 positive regulation of developmental growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of developmental growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048770 pigment granule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle A small, subcellular membrane-bounded vesicle containing pigment and/or pigment precursor molecules. Pigment granule biogenesis is poorly understood, as pigment granules are derived from multiple sources including the endoplasmic reticulum, coated vesicles, lysosomes, and endosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048793 pronephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001822 kidney development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pronephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048799 animal organ maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an animal organ to attain its fully functional state. An organ is a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048820 hair follicle maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a hair follicle to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048821 erythrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061515 myeloid cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an erythrocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048822 enucleate erythrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048821 erythrocyte development The process aimed at the progression of an enucleate erythrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048823 nucleate erythrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048821 erythrocyte development The process aimed at the progression of a nucleate erythrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048839 inner ear development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048844 artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048514 blood vessel morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of arterial blood vessels are generated and organized. Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and its organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048886 neuromast hair cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042490 mechanoreceptor differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuromast hair cell. Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050000 chromosome localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization Any process in which a chromosome is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050688 regulation of defense response to virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the antiviral response of a cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050732 negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050746 regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoproteins, any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050748 negative regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050746 regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoproteins, any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050772 positive regulation of axonogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031346 positive regulation of cell projection organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050798 activated T cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042098 T cell proliferation The expansion of a T cell population following activation by an antigenic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050840 extracellular matrix binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005488 binding Binding to a component of the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050863 regulation of T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051249 regulation of lymphocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868 negative regulation of T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050863 regulation of T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050904 diapedesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050900 leukocyte migration The passage of a leukocyte between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050932 regulation of pigment cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pigmented cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050941 negative regulation of pigment cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050932 regulation of pigment cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pigment cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050942 positive regulation of pigment cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pigment cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051101 regulation of DNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA binding. DNA binding is any process in which a gene product interacts selectively with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051145 smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042692 muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell; smooth muscle lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers and are almost always involuntary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051147 regulation of muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051148 negative regulation of muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051147 regulation of muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051149 positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051222 positive regulation of protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051224 negative regulation of protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051304 chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process The cell cycle process in which paired chromosomes are detached from each other. Chromosome separation begins with the release of cohesin complexes from chromosomes; in budding yeast, this includes the cleavage of cohesin complexes along the chromosome arms, followed by the separation of the centromeric regions. Chromosome separation also includes formation of chromatid axes mediated by condensins, and ends with the disentangling of inter-sister catenation catalyzed by topoisomerase II (topo II). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051338 regulation of transferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051340 regulation of ligase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. Ligase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051351 positive regulation of ligase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051340 regulation of ligase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051352 negative regulation of ligase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051340 regulation of ligase activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051402 neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051445 regulation of meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051446 positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progression through the meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051447 negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051469 vesicle fusion with vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097576 vacuole fusion The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle with the lipid bilayer membrane around the vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051658 maintenance of nucleus location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051647 nucleus localization Any process in which the nucleus is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051890 regulation of cardioblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000736 regulation of stem cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051930 regulation of sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051931 regulation of sensory perception Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051969 regulation of transmission of nerve impulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031644 regulation of nervous system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055059 asymmetric neuroblast division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055057 neuroblast division The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a neuroblast into two daughter cells with different developmental potentials. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055092 sterol homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055088 lipid homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of sterol within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060065 uterus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the uterus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060066 oviduct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oviduct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060113 inner ear receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042490 mechanoreceptor differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of inner ear receptor cells. Inner ear receptor cells are mechanorecptors found in the inner ear responsible for transducing signals involved in balance and sensory perception of sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060173 limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048736 appendage development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping. Examples include legs, arms or some types of fin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060174 limb bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process pertaining to the initial formation of a limb bud from unspecified parts. This process begins with the formation of a local condensation of mesenchyme cells within the prospective limb field, and ends when a limb bud is recognizable. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060219 camera-type eye photoreceptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001754 eye photoreceptor cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell in a camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060271 cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120031 plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060348 bone development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of bone over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Bone is the hard skeletal connective tissue consisting of both mineral and cellular components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060359 response to ammonium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ammonium stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060465 pharynx development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pharynx from an initial condition to its mature state. The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060467 negative regulation of fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of fertilization. Fertilization is the union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060581 cell fate commitment involved in pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045165 cell fate commitment The commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells within a field of cells that will exhibit a certain pattern of differentiation. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a developmental field resulting in specification of a cell type. Those signals are then interpreted in a cell-autonomous manner resulting in the determination of the cell type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060840 artery development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001568 blood vessel development The progression of the artery over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to a capillary bed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060995 cell-cell signaling involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061004 pattern specification involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the kidney to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061005 cell differentiation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061009 common bile duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development The progression of the common bile duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The common bile duct is formed from the joining of the common hepatic duct running from the liver, and the cystic duct running from the gallbladder. The common bile duct transports bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061027 umbilical cord development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the development of the umbilical cord, from its formation to the mature structure. The umbilical cord is an organ or embryonic origin consisting of the 2 umbilical arteries and the one umbilical vein. The umbilical cord connects the cardiovascular system of the fetus to the mother via the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061062 regulation of nematode larval development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048580 regulation of post-embryonic development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of nematode larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061063 positive regulation of nematode larval development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048582 positive regulation of post-embryonic development Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of nematode larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061064 negative regulation of nematode larval development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048581 negative regulation of post-embryonic development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of nematode larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061178 regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050796 regulation of insulin secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin that contributes to the response of a cell to glucose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061303 cornea development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the cornea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cornea is the transparent structure that covers the anterior of the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061469 regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061756 leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007159 leukocyte cell-cell adhesion The attachment of a leukocyte to vascular endothelial cell via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070293 renal absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003014 renal system process A renal system process in which water, ions, glucose and proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures (e.g. protein absorption is observed in nephrocytes in Drosophila, see PMID:23264686). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070294 renal sodium ion absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070293 renal absorption A renal system process in which sodium ions are taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070295 renal water absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070293 renal absorption A renal system process in which water is taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070509 calcium ion import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006816 calcium ion transport The directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070874 negative regulation of glycogen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045912 negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070875 positive regulation of glycogen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010907 positive regulation of glucose metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070972 protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070977 bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048799 animal organ maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for bone to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071230 cellular response to amino acid stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043200 response to amino acid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071241 cellular response to inorganic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070887 cellular response to chemical stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an inorganic substance stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071242 cellular response to ammonium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901699 cellular response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ammonium stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071281 cellular response to iron ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010039 response to iron ion Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron ion stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071383 cellular response to steroid hormone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071407 cellular response to organic cyclic compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071385 cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071384 cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071396 cellular response to lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033993 response to lipid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071407 cellular response to organic cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014070 response to organic cyclic compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071417 cellular response to organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071418 cellular response to amine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071417 cellular response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071462 cellular response to water stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071214 cellular response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071692 protein localization to extracellular region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization Any process in which a protein is transported from one specific location in the extracellular region to another, or maintained in a specific extracellular location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071711 basement membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030198 extracellular matrix organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071867 response to monoamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monoamine stimulus. A monoamine is any of a group of molecular messengers that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072014 proximal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the proximal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072017 distal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the distal tubule is a nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the connecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072028 nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the nephron are generated and organized. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072078 nephron tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072088 nephron epithelium morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a nephron tubule are generated and organized. A nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072079 nephron tubule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001838 embryonic epithelial tube formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072009 nephron epithelium development The progression of a nephron tubule over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. A nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072098 anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061004 pattern specification involved in kidney development The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the kidney along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072102 glomerulus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the glomerulus are generated and organized. The glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072111 cell proliferation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the population in the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072114 pronephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060993 kidney morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the pronephros are generated and organized. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072116 pronephros formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072003 kidney rudiment formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the pronephros. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072156 distal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072078 nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a distal tubule are generated and organized. The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the connecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072158 proximal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072078 nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a proximal tubule are generated and organized. The proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072160 nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035850 epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the nephron tubule as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072176 nephric duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072073 kidney epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nephric duct over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072178 nephric duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the nephric duct are generated and organized. A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072189 ureter development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureter over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ureter is a muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder or from the Malpighian tubule to the hindgut. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072197 ureter morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the ureter are generated and organized. The ureter is a muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072537 fibroblast activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation A change in the morphology or behavior of a fibroblast resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072595 maintenance of protein localization in organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032507 maintenance of protein location in cell Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location a specific location on or in an organelle, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072657 protein localization to membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051668 localization within membrane A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072659 protein localization to plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990778 protein localization to cell periphery A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072697 protein localization to cell cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990778 protein localization to cell periphery A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the cell cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072698 protein localization to microtubule cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044380 protein localization to cytoskeleton A cellular protein localization process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location within the microtubule cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080154 regulation of fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fertilization. Fertilization is the union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090075 relaxation of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003012 muscle system process A process in which the extent of muscle contraction is reduced. Muscle relaxation can involve a number of processes including the removal of calcium from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen through the action of Ca2+ ATPases. In some muscles, calcium-independent pathways also play a role in muscle relaxation by decreasing the phosphorylation state of myosin light chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090162 establishment of epithelial cell polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030010 establishment of cell polarity The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization of an epithelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090168 Golgi reassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The reformation of the Golgi following its breakdown and partitioning contributing to Golgi inheritance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090181 regulation of cholesterol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062012 regulation of small molecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cholesterol metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090205 positive regulation of cholesterol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045940 positive regulation of steroid metabolic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cholesterol metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090206 negative regulation of cholesterol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045939 negative regulation of steroid metabolic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cholesterol metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002791 regulation of peptide secretion Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the regulated release of a peptide hormone from secretory granules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090316 positive regulation of intracellular protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051222 positive regulation of protein transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090317 negative regulation of intracellular protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051224 negative regulation of protein transport Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins within cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090330 regulation of platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010543 regulation of platelet activation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregation is the adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090331 negative regulation of platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010544 negative regulation of platelet activation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregation is the adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090435 protein localization to nuclear envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034504 protein localization to nucleus A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location within a nuclear envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090496 mesenchyme migration involved in limb bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090131 mesenchyme migration The migration of mesenchymal tissue that contributes to the formation of a limb bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090497 mesenchymal cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration The orderly movement of a mesenchymal cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090596 sensory organ morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis Morphogenesis of a sensory organ. A sensory organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to receive and transmit signals from external or internal stimuli. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090598 male anatomical structure morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The processes by which anatomical structures that are only present in the male organism are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097001 ceramide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046625 sphingolipid binding Binding to a ceramide, a class of lipids composed of sphingosine linked to a fatty acid. Ceramides are a major component of cell membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097237 cellular response to toxic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009636 response to toxic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097355 protein localization to heterochromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071168 protein localization to chromatin Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into heterochromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097576 vacuole fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048284 organelle fusion Merging of two or more vacuoles, or of vacuoles and vesicles within a cell to form a single larger vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097648 G protein-coupled receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098802 plasma membrane signaling receptor complex A protein complex that contains G protein-coupled receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097729 9+2 motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031514 motile cilium A motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets plus two central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+2 axoneme). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098528 skeletal muscle fiber differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035914 skeletal muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a skeletal muscle fiber cell. Skeletal muscle fiber differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual skeletal muscle fibers fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098661 inorganic anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098660 inorganic ion transmembrane transport The process in which an inorganic anion is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098662 inorganic cation transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098660 inorganic ion transmembrane transport A process in which an inorganic cation is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098732 macromolecule deacylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043412 macromolecule modification The removal of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, from a macromolecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098751 bone cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bone cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098794 postsynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098840 protein transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099118 microtubule-based protein transport The directed movement of a protein along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098857 membrane microdomain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane A membrane region with a lipid composition that is distinct from that of the membrane regions that surround it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099098 microtubule polymerization based movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007018 microtubule-based movement The movement of a cellular component as a result of microtubule polymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099632 protein transport within plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032594 protein transport within lipid bilayer A process in which protein is transported from one region of the plasma membrane to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900116 extracellular negative regulation of signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900115 extracellular regulation of signal transduction Any negative regulation of signal transduction that takes place in extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900180 regulation of protein localization to nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900181 negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900182 positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903829 positive regulation of protein localization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901077 regulation of relaxation of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090257 regulation of muscle system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901162 primary amino compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of primary amino compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901338 catecholamine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097159 organic cyclic compound binding Binding to catecholamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901342 regulation of vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901457 regulation of response to acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to acetate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901458 negative regulation of response to acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901457 regulation of response to acetate Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to acetate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901459 positive regulation of response to acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901457 regulation of response to acetate Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to acetate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901655 cellular response to ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901701 cellular response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ketone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901699 cellular response to nitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrogen compound stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901701 cellular response to oxygen-containing compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxygen-containing compound stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901731 positive regulation of platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090330 regulation of platelet aggregation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregation is the adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902017 regulation of cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902103 negative regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905133 negative regulation of meiotic chromosome separation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902224 ketone body metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901568 fatty acid derivative metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving ketone body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902563 regulation of neutrophil activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002694 regulation of leukocyte activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902564 negative regulation of neutrophil activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902563 regulation of neutrophil activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902565 positive regulation of neutrophil activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902563 regulation of neutrophil activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902913 positive regulation of neuroepithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030858 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroepithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903119 protein localization to actin cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044380 protein localization to cytoskeleton A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the location of an actin cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903178 positive regulation of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903176 regulation of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903224 regulation of endodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endodermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903225 negative regulation of endodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903224 regulation of endodermal cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endodermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903306 negative regulation of regulated secretory pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903305 regulation of regulated secretory pathway Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of regulated secretory pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903307 positive regulation of regulated secretory pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903305 regulation of regulated secretory pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of regulated secretory pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903706 regulation of hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemopoiesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903707 negative regulation of hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010721 negative regulation of cell development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemopoiesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903708 positive regulation of hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hemopoiesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903725 regulation of phospholipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903727 positive regulation of phospholipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903725 regulation of phospholipid metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903729 regulation of plasma membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903778 protein localization to vacuolar membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072665 protein localization to vacuole A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903998 regulation of eating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060259 regulation of feeding behavior Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eating behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904018 positive regulation of vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901342 regulation of vasculature development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904063 negative regulation of cation transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cation transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904064 positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cation transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905515 non-motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060271 cilium assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a non-motile cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905690 nucleus disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly The disaggregation of a nucleus into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905770 regulation of mesodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesodermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905771 negative regulation of mesodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905770 regulation of mesodermal cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesodermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990777 lipoprotein particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032994 protein-lipid complex A spherical particle containing non-covalently associated proteins and lipids. Examples are plasma lipoprotein particles which transport lipids in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990778 protein localization to cell periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the cell periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000355 negative regulation of ovarian follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian follicle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000383 regulation of ectoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ectoderm development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000384 negative regulation of ectoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000383 regulation of ectoderm development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ectoderm development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000387 regulation of antral ovarian follicle growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of antral ovarian follicle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000388 positive regulation of antral ovarian follicle growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of antral ovarian follicle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000469 negative regulation of peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000468 regulation of peroxidase activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peroxidase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000514 regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046634 regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000515 negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000514 regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000516 positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000514 regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000542 negative regulation of gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010470 regulation of gastrulation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000980 regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045631 regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000981 negative regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000980 regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000982 positive regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000980 regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001028 positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010595 positive regulation of endothelial cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001185 regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046634 regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001186 negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001185 regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001187 positive regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001185 regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086001 cardiac muscle cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001508 action potential An action potential that occurs in a cardiac muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086015 SA node cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086001 cardiac muscle cell action potential An action potential that occurs in a sinoatrial node cardiac muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086016 AV node cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086001 cardiac muscle cell action potential An action potential that occurs in an atrioventricular node cardiac muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086017 Purkinje myocyte action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086001 cardiac muscle cell action potential An action potential that occurs in a Purkinje myocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086018 SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086070 SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an SA node cardiomyocyte to an atrial cardiomyocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086019 cell-cell signaling involved in cardiac conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086065 cell communication involved in cardiac conduction Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the heart process that regulates cardiac muscle contraction; beginning with the generation of an action potential in the sinoatrial node and ending with regulation of contraction of the myocardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086027 AV node cell to bundle of His cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086067 AV node cell to bundle of His cell communication Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an AV node cardiac muscle cell to a bundle of His cardiomyocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086028 bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086069 bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte communication Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a bundle of His cardiomyocyte to a Purkinje myocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086029 Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086068 Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell communication Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086043 bundle of His cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086001 cardiac muscle cell action potential An action potential that occurs in a bundle of His cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086065 cell communication involved in cardiac conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007154 cell communication Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings that contributes to the process of cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086067 AV node cell to bundle of His cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086065 cell communication involved in cardiac conduction The process that mediates interactions between an AV node cell and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the AV node cell communicating with a bundle of His cell in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086068 Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086065 cell communication involved in cardiac conduction The process that mediates interactions between a Purkinje myocyte and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the Purkinje myocyte communicating with a ventricular cardiac muscle cell in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086069 bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086065 cell communication involved in cardiac conduction The process that mediates interactions between a bundle of His cell and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the bundle of His cell communicating with a Purkinje myocyte in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086070 SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086065 cell communication involved in cardiac conduction The process that mediates interactions between an SA node cardiomyocyte and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the SA node cardiomyocyte communicating with an atrial cardiomyocyte in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086093 G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086103 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process A G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway, which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0086103 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway An G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0089704 L-glutamate transmembrane export from vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032974 amino acid transmembrane export from vacuole The directed movement of L-glutamate out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0089718 amino acid import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098739 import across plasma membrane The directed movement of an amino acid from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090008 hypoblast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypoblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hypoblast is a tissue formed from the inner cell mass that lies beneath the epiblast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090009 primitive streak formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the primitive streak from unspecified parts. The primitive streak is a ridge of cells running along the midline of the embryo where the mesoderm ingresses. It defines the anterior-posterior axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090022 regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071622 regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090023 positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071624 positive regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090024 negative regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071623 negative regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090025 regulation of monocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071675 regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090026 positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071677 positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090027 negative regulation of monocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071676 negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090063 positive regulation of microtubule nucleation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010968 regulation of microtubule nucleation Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of microtubule nucleation. Microtubule nucleation is the 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090069 regulation of ribosome biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044087 regulation of cellular component biogenesis Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090070 positive regulation of ribosome biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044089 positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090071 negative regulation of ribosome biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090069 regulation of ribosome biogenesis Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090091 positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010715 regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090102 cochlea development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the cochlea over time from its formation to the mature structure. The cochlea is the snail-shaped portion of the inner ear that is responsible for the detection of sound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090103 cochlea morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the cochlea is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090104 pancreatic epsilon cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035883 enteroendocrine cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features of a pancreatic epsilon cell. A pancreatic epsilon cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes ghrelin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090131 mesenchyme migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090130 tissue migration The process in which the population of cells that make up a mesenchyme undergo directed movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090138 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization by cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion Any cell-cell adhesion process that modulates the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090139 mitochondrial chromosome packaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051276 chromosome organization A process in which mitochondrial chromosomal DNA and associated proteins organize into a compact, orderly structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090140 regulation of mitochondrial fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010821 regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090141 positive regulation of mitochondrial fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010822 positive regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090149 mitochondrial membrane fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090148 membrane fission A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the separation of a single continuous mitochondrial membrane into two membranes and contributes to mitochondrial fission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090153 regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Sphingolipid biosynthesis is the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090154 positive regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046889 positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Sphingolipid biosynthesis is the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090155 negative regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Sphingolipid biosynthesis is the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090156 intracellular sphingolipid homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055088 lipid homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of sphingolipids within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090160 Golgi to lysosome transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016482 cytosolic transport The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to lysosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090166 Golgi disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a Golgi apparatus that contributes to Golgi inheritance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090170 regulation of Golgi inheritance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903358 regulation of Golgi organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of Golgi inheritance. Golgi inheritance is the partitioning of Golgi apparatus between daughter cells at cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090190 positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090189 regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090231 regulation of spindle checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901976 regulation of cell cycle checkpoint Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the spindle checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090232 positive regulation of spindle checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901978 positive regulation of cell cycle checkpoint Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the spindle checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090233 negative regulation of spindle checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901977 negative regulation of cell cycle checkpoint Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the spindle checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090258 negative regulation of mitochondrial fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010823 negative regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mitochondrial fission. Mitochondrial fission is the division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090266 regulation of mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033047 regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090267 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090273 regulation of somatostatin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, extent of the regulated release of somatostatin from secretory granules in the D cells of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090274 positive regulation of somatostatin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090273 regulation of somatostatin secretion Any process that increases the rate, frequency, extent of the regulated release of somatostatin from secretory granules in the D cells of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090275 negative regulation of somatostatin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090273 regulation of somatostatin secretion Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, extent of the regulated release of somatostatin from secretory granules in the D cells of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090289 regulation of osteoclast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070663 regulation of leukocyte proliferation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090290 positive regulation of osteoclast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090289 regulation of osteoclast proliferation Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090291 negative regulation of osteoclast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090289 regulation of osteoclast proliferation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090296 regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901858 regulation of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090297 positive regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000105 positive regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090298 negative regulation of mitochondrial DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901859 negative regulation of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090299 regulation of neural crest formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010717 regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of neural crest formation. Neural crest formation is the formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation proceeds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090300 positive regulation of neural crest formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010718 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of neural crest formation. Neural crest formation is the formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation procedes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090301 negative regulation of neural crest formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010719 negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of neural crest formation. Neural crest formation is the formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation procedes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090324 negative regulation of oxidative phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901856 negative regulation of cellular respiration Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090325 regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040012 regulation of locomotion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090326 positive regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048520 positive regulation of behavior Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090327 negative regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090325 regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of the self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090335 regulation of brown fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045598 regulation of fat cell differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. Brown fat cell differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090336 positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090335 regulation of brown fat cell differentiation Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. Brown fat cell differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090368 regulation of ornithine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006521 regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090370 negative regulation of cholesterol efflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010874 regulation of cholesterol efflux Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux is the directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090394 negative regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation Any process that prevents the establishment or decreases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090399 replicative senescence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process A cell aging process associated with the dismantling of a cell as a response to telomere shortening and/or cellular aging. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090454 glutamate transmembrane import into vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015800 acidic amino acid transport The directed movement of glutamate into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090461 intracellular glutamate homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of glutamate within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090515 L-glutamate transmembrane import into vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090454 glutamate transmembrane import into vacuole The directed movement of L-glutamate into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090521 podocyte cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration The orderly movement of a podocyte from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism or multicellular structure. A podocyte is a specialized kidney epithelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090592 DNA synthesis involved in DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071897 DNA biosynthetic process Synthesis of DNA that is a part of the process of duplicating one or more molecules of DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090685 RNA localization to nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006403 RNA localization A macromolecular localization process in which RNA is transported to and maintained in a location within the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090713 immunological memory process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process Any process of the immune system that can contribute to the formation of immunological memory or an immune response based upon activation of immunological memory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097009 energy homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048871 multicellular organismal-level homeostasis Any process involved in the balance between food intake (energy input) and energy expenditure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097017 renal protein absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070293 renal absorption A renal system process in which proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures (e.g. protein absorption is observed in nephrocytes in Drosophila, see PMID:23264686). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097018 renal albumin absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097017 renal protein absorption A renal system process in which albumin is taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097026 dendritic cell dendrite assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120031 plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Formation of dendrites, branched cellular projections (or cytoplasmic extension) that are extended from the surface of a dendritic immune cell, and which enable the cell to sample luminal pathogens and increase the surface area for antigen presentation to T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097048 dendritic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071887 leukocyte apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a dendritic cell, a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097049 motor neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051402 neuron apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a motor neuron, an efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097050 type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a type B pancreatic cell, a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097054 L-glutamate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006537 glutamate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-glutamate, the L enantiomer anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097095 frontonasal suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097094 craniofacial suture morphogenesis The process in which the frontonasal suture, between frontal and nasal bones, is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097096 facial suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097094 craniofacial suture morphogenesis The process in which any suture between facial bones is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097097 nasal suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097096 facial suture morphogenesis The process in which the nasal suture is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097104 postsynaptic membrane assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071709 membrane assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic membrane, a specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097120 receptor localization to synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031503 protein-containing complex localization Any process in which a receptor is transported to, and/or maintained at the synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097151 positive regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098828 modulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). IPSP is a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097152 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097187 dentinogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042475 odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth The process whose specific outcome is the formation of dentin, the mineralized tissue that constitutes the major bulk of teeth. Dentin may be one of three types: primary dentin, secondary dentin, and tertiary dentin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097208 alveolar lamellar body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042599 lamellar body A specialized secretory organelle found in type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097212 lysosomal membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosomal membrane. A lysosomal membrane is the lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097224 sperm connecting piece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The segment of the sperm flagellum that attaches to the implantation fossa of the nucleus in the sperm head; from the remnant of the centriole at this point, the axoneme extends throughout the length of the flagellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097225 sperm midpiece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The highly organized segment of the sperm flagellum which begins at the connecting piece and is characterized by the presence of 9 outer dense fibers (ODFs) that lie outside each of the 9 outer axonemal microtubule doublets and by a sheath of mitochondria that encloses the ODFs and the axoneme; the midpiece terminates about one-fourth of the way down the sperm flagellum at the annulus, which marks the beginning of the principal piece. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097226 sperm mitochondrial sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The tightly packed helical sheath of ATP-producing mitochondria restricted to the midpiece of the sperm flagellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097227 sperm annulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The ring-like, filamentous structure located at the distal end of the midpiece of the sperm flagellum; the annulus is thought to form a diffusion barrier between the midpiece and the principal piece and serve as a stabilizing structure for tail rigidity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097228 sperm principal piece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The segment of the sperm flagellum where the mitochondrial sheath ends, and the outer dense fibers (ODFs) associated with outer axonemal doublets 3 and 8 are replaced by the 2 longitudinal columns of the fibrous sheath (FS) which run the length of the principal piece and are stabilized by circumferential ribs. The principal piece makes up ~2/3 of the length of the sperm flagellum and is defined by the presence of the FS and of only 7 (rather than 9) ODFs which taper and then terminate near the distal end of the principal piece. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097229 sperm end piece http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The short tip of the sperm flagellum, adjacent to the sperm principal piece and furthest from the sperm head, which contains only the axoneme surrounded by the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097252 oligodendrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034349 glial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in an oligodendrocyte. Oligodendrocytes belong to a class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system, where they form the insulating myelin sheath of axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097254 renal tubular secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003014 renal system process The elimination of substances from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine. Substances that are secreted include organic anions, ammonia, potassium and drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097270 dishabituation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046958 nonassociative learning The temporary recovery of response to a stimulus when a novel stimulus is added. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097272 ammonium homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ammonium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097275 intracellular ammonium homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097272 ammonium homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of ammonium within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097283 keratinocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a keratinocyte. A keratinocyte is an epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097284 hepatocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097291 renal phosphate ion absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070293 renal absorption A renal system process in which phosphate ions are taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097324 melanocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration The orderly movement of melanocytes from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A melanocyte is a pigment cell derived from the neural crest. It contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which give a brown to black appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097325 melanocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of melanocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. A melanocyte is a pigment cell derived from the neural crest. It contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which give a brown to black appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097360 chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of chorionic trophoblast cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097381 photoreceptor disc membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane Stack of disc membranes located inside a photoreceptor outer segment, and containing densely packed molecules of photoreceptor proteins that traverse the lipid bilayer. Disc membranes arise as evaginations of the ciliary membrane during the development of the outer segment and may or may not remain contiguous with the ciliary membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097386 glial cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A prolongation or process extending from a glial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097402 neuroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a neuroblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism or multicellular structure. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097410 hippocampal interneuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021895 cerebral cortex neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hippocampal interneuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097421 liver regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031100 animal organ regeneration The regrowth of lost or destroyed liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097427 microtubule bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An arrangement of closely apposed microtubules running parallel to each other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097432 hippocampal pyramidal neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021895 cerebral cortex neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hippocampal pyramidal neuron, a pyramidal cell of the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097447 dendritic tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005 neuron projection The entire complement of dendrites for a neuron, consisting of each primary dendrite and all its branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097449 astrocyte projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097386 glial cell projection A prolongation or process extending from the soma of an astrocyte and wrapping around neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097454 Schwann cell microvillus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097386 glial cell projection Small finger-like extension of a Schwann cell that contacts the nodal membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097457 hippocampal mossy fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030424 axon An axon of a hippocampal granule cell, including dentate gyrus granule cell and CA3 granule cell, characterized by expansions (mossy fiber expansions) giving the fibers a mossy appearance. These unmyelinated axons were first described by Ramon y Cajal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097470 ribbon synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse Type of synapse characterized by an electron-dense ribbon, lamella (bar) or spherical body in the presynaptic process cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097473 retinal rod cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051402 neuron apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a retinal rod cell, one of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097474 retinal cone cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051402 neuron apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a retinal cone cell, one of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097475 motor neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001764 neuron migration The orderly movement of a motor neuron from one site to another. A motor neuron is an efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097476 spinal cord motor neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097475 motor neuron migration The orderly movement of a spinal cord motor neuron from one site to another. A spinal cord motor neuron is a motor neuron that passes from the spinal cord toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097499 protein localization to non-motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061512 protein localization to cilium A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-motile cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097511 dendritic cell dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A branched cellular projection (or cytoplasmic extension) that is extended from the surface of a dendritic immune cell, and which enables the cell to sample luminal pathogens and increase the surface area for antigen presentation to T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097512 cardiac myofibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030016 myofibril A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097524 sperm plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886 plasma membrane A plasma membrane that is part of a sperm cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097534 lymphoid lineage cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a lymphoid lineage cell from one site to another. A lymphoid lineage cell, also called a lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell, is a progenitor cell restricted to the lymphoid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097536 thymus epithelium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the thymus epithelium is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097540 axonemal central pair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Part of the axoneme consisting of the inner two microtubule doublets of the 9+2 axoneme occurring in most motile cilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097545 axonemal outer doublet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Part of an axoneme consisting in a doublet microtubule. Nine of these outer doublets form the 9+0 axoneme, while the 9+2 axoneme also contains a central pair. Dynein arms attached to the doublets provide the mechanism of movement of the cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097621 monoamine oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016641 oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, oxygen as acceptor Catalysis of the reaction: RCH2NHR' + H2O + O2 = RCHO + R'NH2 + H2O2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097649 A axonemal microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005879 axonemal microtubule A complete microtubule with 13 protofilaments that fuses with an incomplete microtubule called B tubule (containing 10 protofilaments only) to form an axonemal outer doublet. Inner and outer dynein arms, as well as the radial spoke, are attached to the A tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097650 B axonemal microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005879 axonemal microtubule An incomplete microtubule containing 10 protofilaments that fuses with a complete microtubule called A tubule (containing 13 protofilaments) to form an axonemal outer doublet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097707 ferroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012501 programmed cell death A programmed cell death characterized morphologically by the presence of smaller than normal mitochondria with condensed mitochondrial membrane densities, reduction or vanishing of mitochondria crista, and outer mitochondrial membrane rupture. Activation of mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels and mitogen-activated protein kinases, upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inhibition of cystine/glutamate antiporter are involved in the induction of ferroptosis. This process is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from iron metabolism. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), heat shock protein beta-1, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 function as negative regulators of ferroptosis by limiting ROS production and reducing cellular iron uptake, respectively. In contrast, NADPH oxidase and p53 act as positive regulators of ferroptosis by promotion of ROS production and inhibition of expression of SLC7A11 (a specific light-chain subunit of the cystine/glutamate antiporter), respectively. Misregulated ferroptosis has been implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097711 ciliary basal body-plasma membrane docking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140056 organelle localization by membrane tethering The docking of a cytosolic centriole/basal body to the plasma membrane via the ciliary transition fibers. In some species this may happen via an intermediate step, by first docking to the ciliary vesicle via the ciliary transition fibers. The basal body-ciliary vesicle then relocates to the plasma membrane, followed by the ciliary vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane, effectively attaching the basal body to the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097719 neural tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042246 tissue regeneration The regrowth of neural tissue following its loss or destruction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097731 9+0 non-motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097730 non-motile cilium A non-motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets but no central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+0 axoneme). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098520 excitatory neuromuscular junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060076 excitatory synapse The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a post-synaptic potential responsible for muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098522 neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098981 cholinergic synapse A neuromuscular junction in which the target muscle cell is a skeletal muscle fiber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098523 neuromuscular junction of myotube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031594 neuromuscular junction A neuromuscular junction in which the target muscle cell is a myotube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098529 neuromuscular junction development, skeletal muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007528 neuromuscular junction development A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuromuscular junction that targets a skeletal muscle fiber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098544 maintenance of protein complex location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 maintenance of location Any process in which a protein complex is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration, stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of protein complexes that move away. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098545 maintenance of protein complex location in cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098544 maintenance of protein complex location Any process in which a protein complex is maintained in a specific location within the cytoplasm and is prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098631 cell adhesion mediator activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050839 cell adhesion molecule binding The binding by a cell-adhesion protein on a cell surface to an adhesion molecule on another cell surface or an external substrate, to mediate adhesion of the cell to the external substrate or to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098632 cell-cell adhesion mediator activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098631 cell adhesion mediator activity The binding by a cell-adhesion protein on the cell surface to an extracellular matrix component, to mediate adhesion of the cell to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098633 collagen fibril binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050840 extracellular matrix binding Binding to a collagen fibril. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098635 protein complex involved in cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098636 protein complex involved in cell adhesion Any protein complex that is capable of carrying out some part of the process of cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098641 cadherin binding involved in cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098632 cell-cell adhesion mediator activity Any cadherin binding that occurs as part of the process of cell-cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098644 complex of collagen trimers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099080 supramolecular complex A complex of collagen trimers such as a fibril or collagen network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098658 inorganic anion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099587 inorganic ion import across plasma membrane The directed movement of inorganic anions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098659 inorganic cation import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099587 inorganic ion import across plasma membrane The directed movement of inorganic cations from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098660 inorganic ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The process in which an inorganic ion is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098666 G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043235 receptor complex A protein complex that is capable of G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098681 synaptic ribbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle A non-membrane bound, electron dense structure associated that extends perpendicular to the presynaptic membrane in ribbon synapses. The ribbon's surface is studded with small particles to which synaptic vesicles tether via fine filaments. The tethered vesicles function as a pool, several fold greater than the docked pool available for fast release, which supports sustained release of vesicles. Synaptic ribbons may be plate like or spherical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098702 adenine import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015853 adenine transport The directed movement of adenine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098703 calcium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902656 calcium ion import into cytosol The directed movement of calcium ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098704 carbohydrate import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034219 carbohydrate transmembrane transport The directed movement of a carbohydrate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098708 glucose import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140271 hexose import across plasma membrane The directed movement of glucose from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098712 L-glutamate import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0089718 amino acid import across plasma membrane The directed movement of L-glutamate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098719 sodium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098659 inorganic cation import across plasma membrane The directed movement of sodium ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098723 skeletal muscle myofibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030016 myofibril A myofibril of a skeletal muscle fiber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098739 import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098657 import into cell The directed movement of some substance from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098749 cerebellar neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021954 central nervous system neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cerebellar neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098804 non-motile cilium membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060170 ciliary membrane The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a non-motile cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098828 modulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031644 regulation of nervous system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). IPSP is a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098836 cytoskeleton of dendritic spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099571 postsynaptic cytoskeleton The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies within a dendritic spine. The actin component of this cytoskeleton is involved in spine head remodeling in response to postsynaptic signaling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098846 podocyte foot http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A cell projection of a podocyte (glomerular visceral epithelial cell) forming a foot-like structure projecting from a podocyte primary projection, that wraps around capillaries of a renal glomerulus. Adjacent feet (pedicels) interdigitate, leaving thin filtration slits between them, which are covered by slit diaphragms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098867 intramembranous bone growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098868 bone growth The increase in size or mass of an intramembranous bone that contributes to the shaping of the bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098871 postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099571 postsynaptic cytoskeleton The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098877 neurotransmitter receptor transport to plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099637 neurotransmitter receptor transport The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098883 synapse pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050808 synapse organization A cellular process that results in the controlled breakdown of synapse. After it starts the process is continuous until the synapse has disappeared. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098901 regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098900 regulation of action potential Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098904 regulation of AV node cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098901 regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrioventricular node myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098905 regulation of bundle of His cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098901 regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell of the bundle of His. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098906 regulation of Purkinje myocyte action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098901 regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a Purkinje myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098907 regulation of SA node cell action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098901 regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an SA node cardiac myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098908 regulation of neuronal action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098900 regulation of action potential Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a neuron. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098917 retrograde trans-synaptic signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099537 trans-synaptic signaling Cell-cell signaling from post to pre-synapse, across the synaptic cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098920 retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099541 trans-synaptic signaling by lipid Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a lipid ligand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098926 postsynaptic signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction Signal transduction in which the initial step occurs in a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098928 presynaptic signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction Signal transduction in which the initial step occurs in a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098934 retrograde dendritic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098935 dendritic transport The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in a dendrite from the postsynapse towards the cell body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098935 dendritic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008088 axo-dendritic transport The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098937 anterograde dendritic transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098935 dendritic transport The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell body toward the postsynapse in dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098938 actin cytoskeleton of dendritic spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098871 postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a dendritic spine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098960 postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030594 neurotransmitter receptor activity Neurotransmitter receptor activity occuring in the postsynaptic membrane during synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098961 dendritic transport of ribonucleoprotein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098935 dendritic transport The directed movement of a ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098962 regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099601 regulation of neurotransmitter receptor activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in synaptic transmission. Modulation may be via an effect on ligand affinity, or effector funtion such as ion selectivity or pore opening/closing in ionotropic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098967 exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to postsynaptic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099072 regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels The exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor containing vesicles with the postsynaptic membrane resulting in the integration of NT receptors, enabling them to participate in neurotransmitter reception. This process includes tethering and docking steps that prepare vesicles for fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098969 neurotransmitter receptor transport to postsynaptic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903540 establishment of protein localization to postsynaptic membrane The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor to the postsynaptic membrane in transport vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098971 anterograde dendritic transport of neurotransmitter receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098937 anterograde dendritic transport The directed movement of a neurotransmitter receptor complex along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites towards the postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098974 postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099188 postsynaptic cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins in the postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098975 postsynapse of neuromuscular junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098794 postsynapse The postsynapse of a neuromuscular junction. In vertebrate muscles this includes the motor end-plate, consisting of postjunctional folds of the sarcolemma. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098976 excitatory chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission Synaptic transmission that results in an excitatory postsynaptic potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098977 inhibitory chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission Synaptic transmission that results in an inhibitory postsynaptic potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098978 glutamatergic synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098981 cholinergic synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse A synapse that uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098982 GABA-ergic synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse A synapse that uses GABA as a neurotransmitter. These synapses are typically inhibitory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098992 neuronal dense core vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031045 dense core granule A dense core vesicle (granule) that is part of a neuron. These vesicles typically contain neuropeptides. They can be found in all parts of neurons, including the soma, dendrites, axonal swellings (varicosities) and synaptic terminals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099012 neuronal dense core vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032127 dense core granule membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a neuronal dense core vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099014 neuronal dense core vesicle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061109 dense core granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuronal dense core vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099054 presynapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099172 presynapse organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099068 postsynapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099072 regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065008 regulation of biological quality Any process that regulates the the local concentration of neurotransmitter receptor at the postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099081 supramolecular polymer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099080 supramolecular complex A polymeric supramolecular structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099082 retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099540 trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a neuropeptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099083 retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099551 trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide, modulating synaptic transmission Modulation of synaptic transmittion by cell-cell signaling across the synaptic cleft from postsynapse to presynapse, mediated by a neuropeptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099091 postsynaptic specialization, intracellular component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043232 intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099092 postsynaptic density, intracellular component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099091 postsynaptic specialization, intracellular component A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane forming an electron dense disc. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099112 microtubule polymerization based protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099111 microtubule-based transport The transport of a protein driven by polymerization of a microtubule to which it is attached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099118 microtubule-based protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099111 microtubule-based transport A microtubule-based process that results in the transport of proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099123 somato-dendritic dopamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014046 dopamine secretion The regulated release of dopamine from the somatodendritic compartment (cell body or dendrites) of a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099129 cochlear outer hair cell electromotile response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070252 actin-mediated cell contraction A rapid, force generating length change of an outer hair cell in response to electical stimulation. This occurs naturally as during hearing where it serves a source of mechanical amplification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099519 dense core granule cytoskeletal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901950 dense core granule transport The directed movement of dense core granules along cytoskeletal fibers, such as microtubules or actin filaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099522 cytosolic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005829 cytosol Any (proper) part of the cytosol of a single cell of sufficient size to still be considered cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099523 presynaptic cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099522 cytosolic region The region of the cytosol consisting of all cytosol that is part of the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099524 postsynaptic cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099522 cytosolic region The region of the cytosol consisting of all cytosol that is part of the postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099529 neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098960 postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity Neurotransmitter receptor activity occurring in the postsynaptic membrane that is involved in regulating postsynaptic membrane potential, either directly (ionotropic receptors) or indirectly (e.g. via GPCR activation of an ion channel). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099530 G protein-coupled receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity A G protein-coupled receptor activity occurring in the postsynaptic membrane that is part of a GPCR signaling pathway that positively regulates ion channel activity in the postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099536 synaptic signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Cell-cell signaling to, from or within a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099537 trans-synaptic signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099536 synaptic signaling Cell-cell signaling in either direction across the synaptic cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099538 synaptic signaling via neuropeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099536 synaptic signaling Cell-cell signaling to or from a synapse, mediated by a peptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099540 trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099538 synaptic signaling via neuropeptide Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by a peptide ligand crossing the synaptic cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099541 trans-synaptic signaling by lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099537 trans-synaptic signaling Cell-cell signaling from post to pre-synapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a lipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099546 protein catabolic process, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140246 protein catabolic process at synapse Any protein degradation process, occurring at a presynapse, that regulates synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099547 regulation of translation at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating translation occurring at the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099550 trans-synaptic signaling, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099537 trans-synaptic signaling Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, across the synaptic cleft, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099551 trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099550 trans-synaptic signaling, modulating synaptic transmission Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the vesicular release and reception of neuropeptide molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099552 trans-synaptic signaling by lipid, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099550 trans-synaptic signaling, modulating synaptic transmission Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of lipid molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099571 postsynaptic cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005856 cytoskeleton The portion of the cytoskeleton contained within the postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099574 regulation of protein catabolic process at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating protein degradation at the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099575 regulation of protein catabolic process at presynapse, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099171 presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating a catabolic process occurring at a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099576 regulation of protein catabolic process at postsynapse, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099170 postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating a catabolic process occurring at a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099577 regulation of translation at presynapse, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140244 regulation of translation at presynapse Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating translation occurring at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099578 regulation of translation at postsynapse, modulating synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099170 postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating translation occurring at the postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099579 G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099528 G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity A G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity, occurring in the postsynaptic membrane, involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099585 release of sequestered calcium ion into presynaptic cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051209 release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the presynaptic cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099586 release of sequestered calcium ion into postsynaptic cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051209 release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the postsynaptic cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099587 inorganic ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098739 import across plasma membrane The directed movement of inorganic ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099601 regulation of neurotransmitter receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010469 regulation of signaling receptor activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor activity. Modulation may be via an effect on ligand affinity, or effector funtion such as ion selectivity or pore opening/closing in ionotropic receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099629 postsynaptic specialization of symmetric synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099572 postsynaptic specialization A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of a symmetric synapse, consisting of anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components that spatially and functionally organize the neurotransmitter receptors at the synapse. This structure is not as thick or electron dense as the postsynaptic densities found in asymmetric synapses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099637 neurotransmitter receptor transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031503 protein-containing complex localization The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099640 axo-dendritic protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098840 protein transport along microtubule The directed movement of proteins along microtubules in neuron projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099641 anterograde axonal protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905383 protein localization to presynapse The directed movement of proteins along microtubules from the cell body toward the cell periphery in nerve cell axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099642 retrograde axonal protein transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099640 axo-dendritic protein transport The directed movement of proteins along microtubules from the cell periphery toward the cell body in nerve cell axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0101023 vascular endothelial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001935 endothelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of blood vessel endothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0101024 mitotic nuclear membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071763 nuclear membrane organization A mitotic cell cycle process which results in the assembly, arrangement, or disassembly of the nuclear inner or outer membrane during mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0101025 nuclear membrane biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044091 membrane biogenesis The process in which a nuclear membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900015 regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001817 regulation of cytokine production Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900016 negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900015 regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900017 positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900015 regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900063 regulation of peroxisome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peroxisome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900073 regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900074 negative regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900073 regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900075 positive regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900073 regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900098 regulation of plasma cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050776 regulation of immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900099 negative regulation of plasma cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900098 regulation of plasma cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900100 positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900098 regulation of plasma cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900115 extracellular regulation of signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction Any regulation of signal transduction that takes place in the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900117 regulation of execution phase of apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900118 negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900117 regulation of execution phase of apoptosis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900119 positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900125 regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900126 negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900127 positive regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045913 positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900130 regulation of lipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900131 negative regulation of lipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900130 regulation of lipid binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipid binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900132 positive regulation of lipid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900130 regulation of lipid binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipid binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900133 regulation of renin secretion into blood stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098801 regulation of renal system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of renin secretion into blood stream. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900134 negative regulation of renin secretion into blood stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900133 regulation of renin secretion into blood stream Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renin secretion into blood stream. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900135 positive regulation of renin secretion into blood stream http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900133 regulation of renin secretion into blood stream Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of renin secretion into blood stream. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900141 regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034350 regulation of glial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900142 negative regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900141 regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900143 positive regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900141 regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900147 regulation of Schwann cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903975 regulation of glial cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900148 negative regulation of Schwann cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900147 regulation of Schwann cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900149 positive regulation of Schwann cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903977 positive regulation of glial cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900154 regulation of bone trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone trabecula formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900155 negative regulation of bone trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900154 regulation of bone trabecula formation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone trabecula formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900156 positive regulation of bone trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900154 regulation of bone trabecula formation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone trabecula formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900157 regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030500 regulation of bone mineralization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900158 negative regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900157 regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900159 positive regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900157 regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900169 regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900170 negative regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900169 regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900171 positive regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900169 regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900193 regulation of oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oocyte maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900194 negative regulation of oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oocyte maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900195 positive regulation of oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oocyte maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900200 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097152 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any mesenchymal cell apoptotic process that is involved in metanephros development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900204 apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902742 apoptotic process involved in development Any apoptotic process that is involved in metanephric collecting duct development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900205 apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902742 apoptotic process involved in development Any apoptotic process that is involved in metanephric nephron tubule development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900206 regulation of pronephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pronephric nephron tubule development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900207 negative regulation of pronephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900206 regulation of pronephric nephron tubule development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pronephric nephron tubule development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900214 regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904748 regulation of apoptotic process involved in development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900215 negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900214 regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900216 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900214 regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900217 regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904748 regulation of apoptotic process involved in development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900218 negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900217 regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900219 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900217 regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900247 regulation of cytoplasmic translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006448 regulation of translational elongation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900248 negative regulation of cytoplasmic translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000766 negative regulation of cytoplasmic translation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900249 positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900247 regulation of cytoplasmic translational elongation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational elongation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900271 regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048167 regulation of synaptic plasticity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900272 negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900271 regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900273 positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900271 regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900366 negative regulation of defense response to insect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000068 regulation of defense response to insect Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to insect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900367 positive regulation of defense response to insect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000068 regulation of defense response to insect Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to insect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900419 regulation of cellular alcohol catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular alcohol catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900420 negative regulation of cellular alcohol catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular alcohol catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900421 positive regulation of cellular alcohol catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular alcohol catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900449 regulation of glutamate receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900450 negative regulation of glutamate receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900449 regulation of glutamate receptor signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900451 positive regulation of glutamate receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900449 regulation of glutamate receptor signaling pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900452 regulation of long-term synaptic depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048167 regulation of synaptic plasticity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900453 negative regulation of long-term synaptic depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900452 regulation of long-term synaptic depression Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900454 positive regulation of long-term synaptic depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900452 regulation of long-term synaptic depression Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901000 regulation of response to salt stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0047484 regulation of response to osmotic stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to salt stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901001 negative regulation of response to salt stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901000 regulation of response to salt stress Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to salt stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901002 positive regulation of response to salt stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901000 regulation of response to salt stress Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to salt stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901003 negative regulation of fermentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043465 regulation of fermentation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fermentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901016 regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032412 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901017 negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032413 negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901018 positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901381 positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901078 negative regulation of relaxation of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901077 regulation of relaxation of muscle Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901079 positive regulation of relaxation of muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901077 regulation of relaxation of muscle Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901089 acetate ester metabolic process involved in fermentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900619 acetate ester metabolic process Any acetate ester metabolic process that is involved in fermentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901143 insulin catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901142 insulin metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901148 gene expression involved in extracellular matrix organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010467 gene expression Any gene expression that is involved in extracellular matrix organization. Gene expression includes both transcription to produce an RNA transcript, and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included in gene expression when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901163 regulation of trophoblast cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trophoblast cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901164 negative regulation of trophoblast cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of trophoblast cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901165 positive regulation of trophoblast cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of trophoblast cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901166 neural crest cell migration involved in autonomic nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001755 neural crest cell migration Any neural crest cell migration that is involved in autonomic nervous system development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901190 regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043254 regulation of protein-containing complex assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation initiation ternary complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901191 negative regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901190 regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation initiation ternary complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901192 positive regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901190 regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation initiation ternary complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901201 regulation of extracellular matrix assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903053 regulation of extracellular matrix organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901202 negative regulation of extracellular matrix assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901201 regulation of extracellular matrix assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901203 positive regulation of extracellular matrix assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044089 positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901207 regulation of heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905330 regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart looping. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901208 negative regulation of heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901207 regulation of heart looping Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heart looping. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901209 positive regulation of heart looping http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901207 regulation of heart looping Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart looping. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901210 regulation of cardiac chamber formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901211 negative regulation of cardiac chamber formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901210 regulation of cardiac chamber formation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901212 positive regulation of cardiac chamber formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901221 positive regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901219 regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000826 regulation of heart morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901220 negative regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901219 regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901221 positive regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901219 regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901246 regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lung ciliated cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901247 negative regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901246 regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lung ciliated cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901248 positive regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901246 regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lung ciliated cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901249 regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lung goblet cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901250 negative regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901249 regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lung goblet cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901379 regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901380 negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901379 regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901381 positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901379 regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901401 regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901856 negative regulation of cellular respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043457 regulation of cellular respiration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901857 positive regulation of cellular respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043457 regulation of cellular respiration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901858 regulation of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901859 negative regulation of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901858 regulation of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901860 positive regulation of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010822 positive regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901888 regulation of cell junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell junction assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901950 dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032253 dense core granule localization The directed movement a dense core granule within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901976 regulation of cell cycle checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902531 regulation of intracellular signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901977 negative regulation of cell cycle checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902532 negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901978 positive regulation of cell cycle checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902533 positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902622 regulation of neutrophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002685 regulation of leukocyte migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902623 negative regulation of neutrophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902622 regulation of neutrophil migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902624 positive regulation of neutrophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902622 regulation of neutrophil migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902656 calcium ion import into cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006816 calcium ion transport The directed movement of calcium ion into a cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902882 regulation of response to oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080134 regulation of response to stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to oxidative stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902883 negative regulation of response to oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902882 regulation of response to oxidative stress Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to oxidative stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902884 positive regulation of response to oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902882 regulation of response to oxidative stress Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to oxidative stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903011 negative regulation of bone development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903010 regulation of bone development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903012 positive regulation of bone development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903010 regulation of bone development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903076 regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904375 regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903077 negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904376 negative regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903078 positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904377 positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903251 multi-ciliated epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a multi-ciliated epithelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903335 regulation of vacuolar transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032386 regulation of intracellular transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vacuolar transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903336 negative regulation of vacuolar transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903335 regulation of vacuolar transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vacuolar transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903337 positive regulation of vacuolar transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903335 regulation of vacuolar transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vacuolar transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903358 regulation of Golgi organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Golgi organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903441 protein localization to ciliary membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061512 protein localization to cilium A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a ciliary membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903504 regulation of mitotic spindle checkpoint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090231 regulation of spindle checkpoint Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic spindle checkpoint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903539 protein localization to postsynaptic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062237 protein localization to postsynapse A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903540 establishment of protein localization to postsynaptic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090150 establishment of protein localization to membrane The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903779 regulation of cardiac conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008016 regulation of heart contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac conduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903829 positive regulation of protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a protein localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903831 signal transduction involved in cellular response to ammonium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction Any signal transduction that is involved in cellular response to ammonium ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903975 regulation of glial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903977 positive regulation of glial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903975 regulation of glial cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904587 response to glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoprotein stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904688 regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000765 regulation of cytoplasmic translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational initiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904689 negative regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904688 regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational initiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904690 positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904688 regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational initiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904861 excitatory synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007416 synapse assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an excitatory synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905038 regulation of membrane lipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019216 regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of membrane lipid metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905383 protein localization to presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035418 protein localization to synapse A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905475 regulation of protein localization to membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905476 negative regulation of protein localization to membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905477 positive regulation of protein localization to membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905475 regulation of protein localization to membrane Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990182 exosomal secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051650 establishment of vesicle localization The process whereby a membrane-bounded vesicle is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990716 axonemal central apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Part of the 9+2 axoneme, that occurs in most motile cilia, consisting of the pair of two single central microtubules and their associated structures which include the central pair projections, the central pair bridges linking the two tubules, and the central pair caps which are attached to the distal or plus ends of the microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990719 C1 axonemal microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005879 axonemal microtubule One of two microtubules present in the axonemal central pair. It is distinguishable from the C2 axonemal microtubule (also called C2 tubule) by the presence of differing protein components of the projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990720 C2 axonemal microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005879 axonemal microtubule One of two microtubules present in the axonemal central pair. It is distinguishable from the C1 axonemal microtubule (also called C1 tubule) by the presence of differing protein components of the projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000068 regulation of defense response to insect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to insect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000282 regulation of cellular amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular amino acid biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000283 negative regulation of amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an amino acid biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000284 positive regulation of amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000282 regulation of cellular amino acid biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular amino acid biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000380 regulation of mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000381 negative regulation of mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000380 regulation of mesoderm development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000382 positive regulation of mesoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000380 regulation of mesoderm development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000765 regulation of cytoplasmic translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000766 negative regulation of cytoplasmic translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000765 regulation of cytoplasmic translation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000767 positive regulation of cytoplasmic translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045727 positive regulation of translation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001233 regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001234 negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001233 regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001235 positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901251 positive regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901249 regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lung goblet cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901317 regulation of flagellated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060295 regulation of cilium movement involved in cell motility Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of flagellated sperm motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901318 negative regulation of flagellated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of flagellated sperm motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901329 regulation of odontoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of odontoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901330 negative regulation of odontoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901329 regulation of odontoblast differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of odontoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901331 positive regulation of odontoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901329 regulation of odontoblast differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of odontoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901382 regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901383 negative regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901384 positive regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901382 regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901402 negative regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901403 positive regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901401 regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901405 negative regulation of tetrapyrrole catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901404 regulation of tetrapyrrole catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901406 positive regulation of tetrapyrrole catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901404 regulation of tetrapyrrole catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901410 regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901463 regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901411 negative regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901464 negative regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901412 positive regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901465 positive regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901425 response to formic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a formic acid stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901460 regulation of response to formic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to formic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901461 negative regulation of response to formic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901460 regulation of response to formic acid Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to formic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901462 positive regulation of response to formic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901460 regulation of response to formic acid Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to formic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901472 regulation of Golgi calcium ion export http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051279 regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Golgi calcium ion export. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901490 regulation of lymphangiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphangiogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901491 negative regulation of lymphangiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901490 regulation of lymphangiogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphangiogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901492 positive regulation of lymphangiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901490 regulation of lymphangiogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphangiogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901509 regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905330 regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial tube morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901532 regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901533 negative regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901532 regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901534 positive regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901550 regulation of endothelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901551 negative regulation of endothelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010721 negative regulation of cell development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901552 positive regulation of endothelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901588 dendritic microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005874 microtubule Any microtubule in a dendrite, a neuron projection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901589 axon microtubule bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097427 microtubule bundle An arrangement of closely apposed microtubules running parallel to each other in the axon hillock and initial segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901608 regulation of vesicle transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902513 regulation of organelle transport along microtubule Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle transport along microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901609 negative regulation of vesicle transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901608 regulation of vesicle transport along microtubule Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle transport along microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901610 positive regulation of vesicle transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901608 regulation of vesicle transport along microtubule Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle transport along microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901624 negative regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901623 regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901626 regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic membrane organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901627 negative regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905809 negative regulation of synapse organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic membrane organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901628 positive regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic membrane organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901645 regulation of synoviocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synoviocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901646 negative regulation of synoviocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901645 regulation of synoviocyte proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synoviocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901647 positive regulation of synoviocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901645 regulation of synoviocyte proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synoviocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901692 regulation of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901693 negative regulation of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901692 regulation of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901706 mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in bone development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of bone as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901715 regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901716 negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901717 positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901738 regulation of vitamin A metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030656 regulation of vitamin metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vitamin A metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901739 regulation of myoblast fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060142 regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901740 negative regulation of myoblast fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901739 regulation of myoblast fusion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901741 positive regulation of myoblast fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901739 regulation of myoblast fusion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901876 regulation of calcium ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901877 negative regulation of calcium ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901876 regulation of calcium ion binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901878 positive regulation of calcium ion binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901876 regulation of calcium ion binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901897 regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901077 regulation of relaxation of muscle Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of cardiac muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901898 negative regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901897 regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of cardiac muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901899 positive regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901897 regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of cardiac muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901951 regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904809 regulation of dense core granule transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901952 negative regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904810 negative regulation of dense core granule transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901953 positive regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904811 positive regulation of dense core granule transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901954 regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001017 regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901955 negative regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001018 negative regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901956 positive regulation of retrograde dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001019 positive regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901964 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901963 regulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901987 regulation of cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010564 regulation of cell cycle process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901988 negative regulation of cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901989 positive regulation of cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901993 regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901995 positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901993 regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902018 negative regulation of cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120033 negative regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902020 negative regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902019 regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902033 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072091 regulation of stem cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902034 negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902033 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902035 positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902033 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902036 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901532 regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902037 negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902036 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902038 positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902036 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902065 response to L-glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-glutamate stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902074 response to salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a salt stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902075 cellular response to salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902074 response to salt Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a salt stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902102 regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905132 regulation of meiotic chromosome separation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902104 positive regulation of metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905134 positive regulation of meiotic chromosome separation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metaphase/anaphase transition of meiotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902172 regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902173 negative regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904036 negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902174 positive regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904037 positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902211 regulation of prolactin signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001959 regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902212 negative regulation of prolactin signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902211 regulation of prolactin signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902213 positive regulation of prolactin signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902211 regulation of prolactin signaling pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902217 erythrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033028 myeloid cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in an erythrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902225 negative regulation of acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060046 regulation of acrosome reaction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of acrosome reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902250 regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033032 regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902251 negative regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902250 regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902252 positive regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902250 regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902256 regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902337 regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902257 negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902338 negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902258 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902339 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902262 apoptotic process involved in blood vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060561 apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any apoptotic process that is involved in blood vessel morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902305 regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902306 negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010766 negative regulation of sodium ion transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902307 positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010765 positive regulation of sodium ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902340 negative regulation of chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060623 regulation of chromosome condensation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902362 melanocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a melanocyte, the main structural component of the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902396 protein localization to bicellular tight junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150105 protein localization to cell-cell junction A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a bicellular tight junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902412 regulation of mitotic cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032465 regulation of cytokinesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902413 negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902412 regulation of mitotic cytokinesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902434 sulfate import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902358 sulfate transmembrane transport The directed movement of sulfate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902455 negative regulation of stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000036 regulation of stem cell population maintenance Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell population maintenance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902459 positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000036 regulation of stem cell population maintenance Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell population maintenance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902463 protein localization to cell leading edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cell leading edge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902473 regulation of protein localization to synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902474 positive regulation of protein localization to synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902473 regulation of protein localization to synapse Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902484 Sertoli cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a Sertoli cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902488 cholangiocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a cholangiocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902489 hepatoblast apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a hepatoblast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902490 regulation of sperm capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sperm capacitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902491 negative regulation of sperm capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sperm capacitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902492 positive regulation of sperm capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sperm capacitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902510 regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903624 regulation of DNA catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic DNA fragmentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902511 negative regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903625 negative regulation of DNA catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic DNA fragmentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902512 positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903626 positive regulation of DNA catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic DNA fragmentation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902513 regulation of organelle transport along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032386 regulation of intracellular transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of organelle transport along microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902551 regulation of catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000468 regulation of peroxidase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of catalase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902552 negative regulation of catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902551 regulation of catalase activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of catalase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902553 positive regulation of catalase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000470 positive regulation of peroxidase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of catalase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902570 protein localization to nucleolus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034504 protein localization to nucleus A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a nucleolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902636 kinociliary basal body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036064 ciliary basal body A ciliary basal body that is part of a kinocilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902637 neural crest cell differentiation involved in thymus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014033 neural crest cell differentiation Any neural crest cell differentiation that is involved in thymus development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902638 neural crest cell differentiation involved in parathyroid gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014033 neural crest cell differentiation Any neural crest cell differentiation that is involved in parathyroid gland development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902670 carbon dioxide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036094 small molecule binding Binding to carbon dioxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902683 regulation of receptor localization to synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032879 regulation of localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor localization to synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902684 negative regulation of receptor localization to synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902683 regulation of receptor localization to synapse Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of receptor localization to synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902685 positive regulation of receptor localization to synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902683 regulation of receptor localization to synapse Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor localization to synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902698 pentose catabolic process to butyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019605 butyrate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentose to butyrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902699 pentose catabolic process to acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019323 pentose catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentose to acetate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902710 GABA receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043235 receptor complex A protein complex which is capable of GABA receptor activity. Upon binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) it transmits the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Major inhibitory receptor in vertebrate brain. Also found in other vertebrate tissues, invertebrates and possibly in plants. Effective benzodiazepine receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902721 negative regulation of prolactin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090278 negative regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902722 positive regulation of prolactin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090277 positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902723 negative regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014859 negative regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of satellite cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902724 positive regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014858 positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902729 negative regulation of proteoglycan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010561 negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902731 negative regulation of chondrocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902732 positive regulation of chondrocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902738 regulation of chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032330 regulation of chondrocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the development of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902746 regulation of lens fiber cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lens fiber cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902747 negative regulation of lens fiber cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902746 regulation of lens fiber cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lens fiber cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902748 positive regulation of lens fiber cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902746 regulation of lens fiber cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lens fiber cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902761 positive regulation of chondrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061181 regulation of chondrocyte development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902769 regulation of choline O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051338 regulation of transferase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of choline O-acetyltransferase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902770 negative regulation of choline O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902769 regulation of choline O-acetyltransferase activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of choline O-acetyltransferase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902771 positive regulation of choline O-acetyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902769 regulation of choline O-acetyltransferase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of choline O-acetyltransferase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902809 regulation of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010830 regulation of myotube differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902810 negative regulation of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010832 negative regulation of myotube differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902811 positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010831 positive regulation of myotube differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902816 regulation of protein localization to microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902817 negative regulation of protein localization to microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902832 negative regulation of cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021921 regulation of cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902833 positive regulation of cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021921 regulation of cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902838 regulation of nuclear migration along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902513 regulation of organelle transport along microtubule Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear migration along microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902839 negative regulation of nuclear migration along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902838 regulation of nuclear migration along microtubule Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear migration along microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902840 positive regulation of nuclear migration along microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902838 regulation of nuclear migration along microtubule Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear migration along microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902855 regulation of non-motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902017 regulation of cilium assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of non-motile cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902856 negative regulation of non-motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902855 regulation of non-motile cilium assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of non-motile cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902857 positive regulation of non-motile cilium assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902855 regulation of non-motile cilium assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of non-motile cilium assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902863 regulation of embryonic camera-type eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic camera-type eye development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902864 negative regulation of embryonic camera-type eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902863 regulation of embryonic camera-type eye development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic camera-type eye development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902865 positive regulation of embryonic camera-type eye development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902863 regulation of embryonic camera-type eye development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic camera-type eye development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902869 regulation of amacrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amacrine cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902870 negative regulation of amacrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of amacrine cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902871 positive regulation of amacrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amacrine cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902902 negative regulation of autophagosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902116 negative regulation of organelle assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagosome assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902908 regulation of melanosome transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902909 negative regulation of melanosome transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902910 positive regulation of melanosome transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902969 mitotic DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903047 mitotic cell cycle process Any nuclear DNA replication that is involved in a mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903000 regulation of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150200 regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903001 negative regulation of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150202 negative regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903002 positive regulation of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150201 positive regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903041 regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061181 regulation of chondrocyte development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903042 negative regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061182 negative regulation of chondrocyte development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903043 positive regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903041 regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903045 neural crest cell migration involved in sympathetic nervous system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901166 neural crest cell migration involved in autonomic nervous system development Any neural crest cell migration that is involved in sympathetic nervous system development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903056 regulation of melanosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903057 negative regulation of melanosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010639 negative regulation of organelle organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903058 positive regulation of melanosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903109 positive regulation of mitochondrial transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903108 regulation of mitochondrial transcription Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription occuring in the mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903116 positive regulation of actin filament-based movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament-based movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903120 protein localization to actin filament bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903119 protein localization to actin cytoskeleton A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the location of an actin filament bundle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903146 regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010821 regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation by an autophagic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903147 negative regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010823 negative regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation by autophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903176 regulation of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032768 regulation of monooxygenase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903177 negative regulation of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032769 negative regulation of monooxygenase activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903179 regulation of dopamine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903180 negative regulation of dopamine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009890 negative regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903181 positive regulation of dopamine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009891 positive regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903210 podocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a glomerular visceral epithelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903226 positive regulation of endodermal cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endodermal cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903232 melanosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032438 melanosome organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a melanosome, a tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903236 regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904994 regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte tethering or rolling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903237 negative regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904995 negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte tethering or rolling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903238 positive regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904996 positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte tethering or rolling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903276 regulation of sodium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902305 regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion export across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903277 negative regulation of sodium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903276 regulation of sodium ion export across plasma membrane Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion export across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903278 positive regulation of sodium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903276 regulation of sodium ion export across plasma membrane Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion export across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903282 regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000468 regulation of peroxidase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione peroxidase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903283 negative regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903282 regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione peroxidase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903284 positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000470 positive regulation of peroxidase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione peroxidase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903292 protein localization to Golgi membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072657 protein localization to membrane A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a Golgi membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903294 regulation of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051966 regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903295 negative regulation of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051967 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903302 regulation of pyruvate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051338 regulation of transferase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pyruvate kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903303 negative regulation of pyruvate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903302 regulation of pyruvate kinase activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pyruvate kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903304 positive regulation of pyruvate kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903302 regulation of pyruvate kinase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pyruvate kinase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903347 negative regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000810 regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903348 positive regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000810 regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903350 response to dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dopamine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903351 cellular response to dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903350 response to dopamine Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dopamine stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903375 facioacoustic ganglion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061550 cranial ganglion development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903379 regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060623 regulation of chromosome condensation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic chromosome condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903380 positive regulation of mitotic chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic chromosome condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903406 regulation of P-type sodium:potassium-exchanging transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043462 regulation of ATP-dependent activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903407 negative regulation of P-type sodium:potassium-exchanging transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903406 regulation of P-type sodium:potassium-exchanging transporter activity Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903408 positive regulation of P-type sodium:potassium-exchanging transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903406 regulation of P-type sodium:potassium-exchanging transporter activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903412 response to bile acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033993 response to lipid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bile acid stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903413 cellular response to bile acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903412 response to bile acid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bile acid stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903439 calcitonin family receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097648 G protein-coupled receptor complex A protein complex which is capable of calcitonin family receptor activity. Calcitonin family receptors may form dimers, trimers or tetramers; adrenomedullin and amylin receptors have only been observed as dimers so far. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903444 negative regulation of brown fat cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090335 regulation of brown fat cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903463 regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033262 regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903465 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010571 positive regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903487 regulation of lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lactation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903488 negative regulation of lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903487 regulation of lactation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lactation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903490 positive regulation of mitotic cytokinesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902412 regulation of mitotic cytokinesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903516 regulation of single strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006282 regulation of DNA repair Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of single strand break repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903517 negative regulation of single strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903516 regulation of single strand break repair Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of single strand break repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903518 positive regulation of single strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903516 regulation of single strand break repair Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of single strand break repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903519 regulation of mammary gland involution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034103 regulation of tissue remodeling Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland involution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903520 negative regulation of mammary gland involution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903519 regulation of mammary gland involution Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland involution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903537 meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process Any meiotic cell cycle process that is involved in oocyte maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903538 regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903541 regulation of exosomal secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017157 regulation of exocytosis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exosomal secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903542 negative regulation of exosomal secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903541 regulation of exosomal secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exosomal secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903543 positive regulation of exosomal secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044089 positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exosomal secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903544 response to butyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070542 response to fatty acid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a butyrate stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903545 cellular response to butyrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071398 cellular response to fatty acid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a butyrate stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903546 protein localization to photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097499 protein localization to non-motile cilium A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a photoreceptor outer segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903551 regulation of extracellular exosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902115 regulation of organelle assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular vesicular exosome assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903552 negative regulation of extracellular exosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902116 negative regulation of organelle assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular vesicular exosome assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903553 positive regulation of extracellular exosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902117 positive regulation of organelle assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular vesicular exosome assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903564 regulation of protein localization to cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903565 negative regulation of protein localization to cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903566 positive regulation of protein localization to cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903564 regulation of protein localization to cilium Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903567 regulation of protein localization to ciliary membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904375 regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to ciliary membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903568 negative regulation of protein localization to ciliary membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904376 negative regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to ciliary membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903569 positive regulation of protein localization to ciliary membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904377 positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to ciliary membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903599 positive regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010822 positive regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrion degradation by autophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903624 regulation of DNA catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051052 regulation of DNA metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903625 negative regulation of DNA catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903626 positive regulation of DNA catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903624 regulation of DNA catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903780 negative regulation of cardiac conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903779 regulation of cardiac conduction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac conduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903781 positive regulation of cardiac conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903779 regulation of cardiac conduction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac conduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903795 regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034762 regulation of transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inorganic anion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903796 negative regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903795 regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of inorganic anion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903797 positive regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903795 regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inorganic anion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904036 negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904037 positive regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904375 regulation of protein localization to cell periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904376 negative regulation of protein localization to cell periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904377 positive regulation of protein localization to cell periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904375 regulation of protein localization to cell periphery Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell periphery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904491 protein localization to ciliary transition zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061512 protein localization to cilium A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a ciliary transition zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904526 regulation of microtubule binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043393 regulation of protein binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904527 negative regulation of microtubule binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904526 regulation of microtubule binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904528 positive regulation of microtubule binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904526 regulation of microtubule binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904809 regulation of dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032386 regulation of intracellular transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904810 negative regulation of dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904809 regulation of dense core granule transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904811 positive regulation of dense core granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904809 regulation of dense core granule transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904994 regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903037 regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904995 negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904994 regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904996 positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904994 regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905132 regulation of meiotic chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic chromosome separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905133 negative regulation of meiotic chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic chromosome separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905134 positive regulation of meiotic chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic chromosome separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905214 regulation of RNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051098 regulation of binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905216 positive regulation of RNA binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905214 regulation of RNA binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905446 regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043467 regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905447 negative regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905446 regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905448 positive regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905446 regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905483 regulation of motor neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001222 regulation of neuron migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905484 negative regulation of motor neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905483 regulation of motor neuron migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905485 positive regulation of motor neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905483 regulation of motor neuron migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905755 protein localization to cytoplasmic microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035372 protein localization to microtubule A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cytoplasmic microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905820 positive regulation of chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905818 regulation of chromosome separation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905821 positive regulation of chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060623 regulation of chromosome condensation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990010 compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990009 retinal cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a compound eye retinal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990048 anterograde neuronal dense core vesicle transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099519 dense core granule cytoskeletal transport The directed movement of substances in neuronal dense core vesicles along axonal microtubules towards the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990049 retrograde neuronal dense core vesicle transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099519 dense core granule cytoskeletal transport The directed movement of neuronal dense core vesicles along axonal microtubules towards the cell body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990239 steroid hormone binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042562 hormone binding Binding to a steroid hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990379 lipid transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of lipid molecules passing through the blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000036 regulation of stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell population maintenance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000211 regulation of glutamate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000820 regulation of glutamine family amino acid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000212 negative regulation of glutamate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000211 regulation of glutamate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000213 positive regulation of glutamate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000211 regulation of glutamate metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000401 regulation of lymphocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071675 regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000402 negative regulation of lymphocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071676 negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000468 regulation of peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051341 regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peroxidase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000470 positive regulation of peroxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051353 positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peroxidase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000780 negative regulation of double-strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000779 regulation of double-strand break repair Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000785 regulation of autophagosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902115 regulation of organelle assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagosome assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000810 regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901888 regulation of cell junction assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tight junction assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001014 regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001015 negative regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001014 regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001016 positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001017 regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032386 regulation of intracellular transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde axon cargo transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001018 negative regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001017 regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde axon cargo transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001019 positive regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001017 regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde axon cargo transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001225 regulation of chloride transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044070 regulation of monoatomic anion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chloride transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001226 negative regulation of chloride transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001225 regulation of chloride transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chloride transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905632 protein localization to euchromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071168 protein localization to chromatin A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an euchromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905633 establishment of protein localization to euchromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071169 establishment of protein localization to chromatin The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in an euchromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905642 negative regulation of DNA methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044030 regulation of DNA methylation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA methylation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905643 positive regulation of DNA methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044030 regulation of DNA methylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA methylation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905664 regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903169 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion import across plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905665 positive regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905664 regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion import across plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905671 regulation of lysosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044088 regulation of vacuole organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lysosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905672 negative regulation of lysosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010639 negative regulation of organelle organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lysosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905673 positive regulation of lysosome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905671 regulation of lysosome organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lysosome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905706 regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled proton transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001169 regulation of ATP biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled proton transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905707 negative regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled proton transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001170 negative regulation of ATP biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled proton transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905720 cytoplasmic microtubule bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097427 microtubule bundle Any microtubule bundle that is part of a cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905747 negative regulation of saliva secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060457 negative regulation of digestive system process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of saliva secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905748 hard palate morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The developmental process by which a hard palate is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905787 regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032101 regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905788 negative regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905789 positive regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905787 regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905805 excitatory synapse pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098883 synapse pruning The disaggregation of an excitatory synapse into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905806 regulation of synapse pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050807 regulation of synapse organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse pruning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905807 negative regulation of synapse pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905809 negative regulation of synapse organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synapse pruning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905808 positive regulation of synapse pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synapse pruning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905810 regulation of excitatory synapse pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905806 regulation of synapse pruning Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory synapse pruning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905811 negative regulation of excitatory synapse pruning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905810 regulation of excitatory synapse pruning Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory synapse pruning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905833 negative regulation of microtubule nucleation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010968 regulation of microtubule nucleation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule nucleation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905867 epididymis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epididymis over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905871 regulation of protein localization to cell leading edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell leading edge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905872 negative regulation of protein localization to cell leading edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell leading edge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905873 positive regulation of protein localization to cell leading edge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905871 regulation of protein localization to cell leading edge Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell leading edge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905899 regulation of smooth muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901861 regulation of muscle tissue development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905900 negative regulation of smooth muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905899 regulation of smooth muscle tissue development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905901 positive regulation of smooth muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905899 regulation of smooth muscle tissue development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905902 regulation of mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905903 negative regulation of mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905902 regulation of mesoderm formation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905904 positive regulation of mesoderm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905902 regulation of mesoderm formation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905912 regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903169 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion export across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905913 negative regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905912 regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion export across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905914 positive regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905912 regulation of calcium ion export across plasma membrane Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion export across the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905921 regulation of acetylcholine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060408 regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acetylcholine biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905922 negative regulation of acetylcholine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060410 negative regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of acetylcholine biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905923 positive regulation of acetylcholine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060409 positive regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of acetylcholine biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905936 regulation of germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of germ cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905937 negative regulation of germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of germ cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905938 positive regulation of germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of germ cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905939 regulation of gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905940 negative regulation of gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905941 positive regulation of gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905945 regulation of response to calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905946 negative regulation of response to calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905945 regulation of response to calcium ion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905947 positive regulation of response to calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905945 regulation of response to calcium ion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905949 negative regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905664 regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion import across plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990034 calcium ion export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140115 export across plasma membrane The directed movement of calcium ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990086 lens fiber cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a lens fiber cell. Lens fiber cells are elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990254 keratin filament binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019215 intermediate filament binding Binding to a keratin filament, an intermediate filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990280 RNA localization to chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006403 RNA localization A process in which RNA is transported to and maintained in a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990375 baculum development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the baculum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990461 detoxification of iron ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061687 detoxification of inorganic compound Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of iron ion. These include transport of iron away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of iron ion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990502 dense core granule maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061792 secretory granule maturation Steps required to transform a dense core granule generated at the trans-Golgi network into a fully formed and transmissible dense core granule. Dense core granule maturation proceeds through clathrin-mediated membrane remodeling events and is essential for efficient processing of cargo within dense core granules as well as for removing factors that might otherwise interfere with dense core granule trafficking and exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990580 regulation of cytoplasmic translational termination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000765 regulation of cytoplasmic translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational termination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990806 ligand-gated ion channel signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction The series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a ligand-gated ion channel on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a ligand-gated ion channel and ends with a molecular function that directly regulates a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990849 vacuolar localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization Any process in which the vacuole is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990913 sperm head plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098590 plasma membrane region The plasma membrane that is part of the head section of a sperm cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990917 ooplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm The cytoplasm of an ovum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000004 regulation of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000005 negative regulation of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000004 regulation of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000006 regulation of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000027 regulation of animal organ morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000007 negative regulation of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000006 regulation of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000061 regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048634 regulation of muscle organ development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000062 negative regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000061 regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000063 positive regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000061 regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000074 regulation of type B pancreatic cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000077 negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010721 negative regulation of cell development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000078 positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000084 regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000696 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000085 negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000084 regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000086 positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000698 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000087 regulation of mesonephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090192 regulation of glomerulus development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesonephric glomerulus development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000088 negative regulation of mesonephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090194 negative regulation of glomerulus development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesonephric glomerulus development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000089 positive regulation of mesonephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090193 positive regulation of glomerulus development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesonephric glomerulus development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000093 regulation of mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072182 regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000094 negative regulation of mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072183 negative regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000109 regulation of macrophage apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000106 regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000110 negative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000109 regulation of macrophage apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000111 positive regulation of macrophage apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000109 regulation of macrophage apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000155 positive regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902019 regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000173 negative regulation of branching morphogenesis of a nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of branching morphogenesis of a nerve. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000174 regulation of pro-T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045580 regulation of T cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pro-T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000175 negative regulation of pro-T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000174 regulation of pro-T cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pro-T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000176 positive regulation of pro-T cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000174 regulation of pro-T cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pro-T cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000182 regulation of progesterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050810 regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000184 positive regulation of progesterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046886 positive regulation of hormone biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000185 regulation of phosphate transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010966 regulation of phosphate transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphate transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000186 negative regulation of phosphate transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000185 regulation of phosphate transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphate transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000187 positive regulation of phosphate transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000185 regulation of phosphate transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphate transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000194 regulation of female gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905939 regulation of gonad development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of female gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000195 negative regulation of female gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000194 regulation of female gonad development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of female gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000196 positive regulation of female gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000194 regulation of female gonad development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of female gonad development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000209 regulation of anoikis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anoikis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000210 positive regulation of anoikis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anoikis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000224 regulation of testosterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050810 regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000225 negative regulation of testosterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010894 negative regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000226 regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic A cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000227 negative regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000226 regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic A cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000228 positive regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000226 regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic A cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000248 negative regulation of establishment or maintenance of neuroblast polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010454 negative regulation of cell fate commitment Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or maintenance of neuroblast polarity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000254 regulation of male germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905936 regulation of germ cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of male germ cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000255 negative regulation of male germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000254 regulation of male germ cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of male germ cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000256 positive regulation of male germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000254 regulation of male germ cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of male germ cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000269 regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000270 negative regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000269 regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000271 positive regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000287 positive regulation of myotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000290 regulation of myotome development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myotome development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000288 positive regulation of myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000291 regulation of myoblast proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000290 regulation of myotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotome development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000291 regulation of myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000292 regulation of defecation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044062 regulation of excretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defecation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000293 negative regulation of defecation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060457 negative regulation of digestive system process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of defecation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000294 positive regulation of defecation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000292 regulation of defecation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defecation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000316 regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002822 regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000317 negative regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000316 regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000318 positive regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000316 regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000319 regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000316 regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000320 negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000319 regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000321 positive regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000319 regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000322 regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033143 regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000323 negative regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000322 regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000324 positive regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000322 regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000344 positive regulation of acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060046 regulation of acrosome reaction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the acrosome reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000345 regulation of hepatocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000346 negative regulation of hepatocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000345 regulation of hepatocyte proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000347 positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000345 regulation of hepatocyte proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000351 regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000352 negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000351 regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000353 positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000351 regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000354 regulation of ovarian follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian follicle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000359 regulation of binding of sperm to zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding of sperm to the zona pellucida. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000360 negative regulation of binding of sperm to zona pellucida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of binding of sperm to the zona pellucida. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000374 regulation of oxygen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oxygen metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000375 negative regulation of oxygen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000374 regulation of oxygen metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxygen metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000376 positive regulation of oxygen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000374 regulation of oxygen metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxygen metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000385 positive regulation of ectoderm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000383 regulation of ectoderm development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ectoderm development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000386 positive regulation of ovarian follicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian follicle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000403 positive regulation of lymphocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071677 positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000405 negative regulation of T cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000404 regulation of T cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000410 regulation of thymocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000404 regulation of T cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000411 negative regulation of thymocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000410 regulation of thymocyte migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000412 positive regulation of thymocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000406 positive regulation of T cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000416 regulation of eosinophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002685 regulation of leukocyte migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000417 negative regulation of eosinophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000416 regulation of eosinophil migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000418 positive regulation of eosinophil migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000416 regulation of eosinophil migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000422 regulation of eosinophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071622 regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000423 negative regulation of eosinophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071623 negative regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000424 positive regulation of eosinophil chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071624 positive regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000458 regulation of astrocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903975 regulation of glial cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000459 negative regulation of astrocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000458 regulation of astrocyte chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000463 positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098815 modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential Any process that enhances the establishment or increases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000464 positive regulation of astrocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000458 regulation of astrocyte chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000471 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000472 negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000471 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000473 positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000471 regulation of hematopoietic stem cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000477 regulation of metanephric podocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000478 positive regulation of metanephric podocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000489 regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050865 regulation of cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000490 negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000489 regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000491 positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000489 regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000495 regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000496 negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000497 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000495 regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000508 regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071675 regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000509 negative regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071676 negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000510 positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071677 positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000527 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000508 regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000528 negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000527 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000529 positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000527 regulation of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000532 regulation of renal albumin absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098801 regulation of renal system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of renal albumin absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000533 negative regulation of renal albumin absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000532 regulation of renal albumin absorption Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renal albumin absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000534 positive regulation of renal albumin absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000532 regulation of renal albumin absorption Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of renal albumin absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000537 regulation of B cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901623 regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000538 positive regulation of B cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140131 positive regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000547 regulation of dendritic cell dendrite assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell dendrite assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000548 negative regulation of dendritic cell dendrite assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120033 negative regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell dendrite assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000549 positive regulation of dendritic cell dendrite assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120034 positive regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell dendrite assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000550 negative regulation of B cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000537 regulation of B cell chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000595 regulation of optic nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of optic nerve formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000596 negative regulation of optic nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000595 regulation of optic nerve formation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of optic nerve formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000597 positive regulation of optic nerve formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000595 regulation of optic nerve formation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of optic nerve formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000606 regulation of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901722 regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000607 negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901723 negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000608 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901724 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000609 regulation of thyroid hormone generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone generation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000610 negative regulation of thyroid hormone generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone generation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000611 positive regulation of thyroid hormone generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000609 regulation of thyroid hormone generation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone generation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000654 regulation of cellular response to testosterone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to testosterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000655 negative regulation of cellular response to testosterone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000654 regulation of cellular response to testosterone stimulus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to testosterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000656 regulation of apolipoprotein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043393 regulation of protein binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apolipoprotein binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000657 negative regulation of apolipoprotein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000656 regulation of apolipoprotein binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apolipoprotein binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000658 positive regulation of apolipoprotein binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000656 regulation of apolipoprotein binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apolipoprotein binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000668 regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000106 regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000669 negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000668 regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000670 positive regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000668 regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000671 regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043523 regulation of neuron apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000672 negative regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000671 regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000673 positive regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000671 regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000674 regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904035 regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000675 negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000674 regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000676 positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000674 regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000690 regulation of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051890 regulation of cardioblast differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000691 negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051892 negative regulation of cardioblast differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000700 positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000690 regulation of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000729 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072199 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000754 regulation of sphingomyelin catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060696 regulation of phospholipid catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sphingomyelin catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000755 positive regulation of sphingomyelin catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060697 positive regulation of phospholipid catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sphingomyelin catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000768 positive regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000698 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000786 positive regulation of autophagosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902117 positive regulation of organelle assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagic vacuole assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000790 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010464 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000791 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072201 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000792 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000790 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000795 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000794 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000811 negative regulation of anoikis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000209 regulation of anoikis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anoikis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000818 negative regulation of myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000828 regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046883 regulation of hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of parathyroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000829 negative regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000828 regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of parathyroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000830 positive regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000828 regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of parathyroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000834 regulation of androgen secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000831 regulation of steroid hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of androgen secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000835 negative regulation of androgen secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000834 regulation of androgen secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of androgen secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000836 positive regulation of androgen secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000834 regulation of androgen secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of androgen secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000843 regulation of testosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046883 regulation of hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000844 negative regulation of testosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000843 regulation of testosterone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000845 positive regulation of testosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000843 regulation of testosterone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000846 regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000831 regulation of steroid hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticosteroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000847 negative regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000846 regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of corticosteroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000848 positive regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000846 regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of corticosteroid hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000852 regulation of corticosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000849 regulation of glucocorticoid secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000853 negative regulation of corticosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000852 regulation of corticosterone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of corticosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000854 positive regulation of corticosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000852 regulation of corticosterone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of corticosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000855 regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000846 regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mineralocorticoid secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000856 negative regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000855 regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mineralocorticoid secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000857 positive regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000855 regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mineralocorticoid secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000859 negative regulation of aldosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000856 negative regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aldosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000860 positive regulation of aldosterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000857 positive regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aldosterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000870 regulation of progesterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000194 regulation of female gonad development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000871 negative regulation of progesterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000870 regulation of progesterone secretion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000872 positive regulation of progesterone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000870 regulation of progesterone secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000973 regulation of pro-B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905456 regulation of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pro-B cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000974 negative regulation of pro-B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000973 regulation of pro-B cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pro-B cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000975 positive regulation of pro-B cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000973 regulation of pro-B cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pro-B cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000977 regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of forebrain neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000978 negative regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of forebrain neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000979 positive regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of forebrain neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001023 regulation of response to drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001024 negative regulation of response to drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001023 regulation of response to drug Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001025 positive regulation of response to drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001023 regulation of response to drug Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001026 regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010594 regulation of endothelial cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001027 negative regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010596 negative regulation of endothelial cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001035 regulation of tongue muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902809 regulation of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tongue muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001036 negative regulation of tongue muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001035 regulation of tongue muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tongue muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001037 positive regulation of tongue muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001035 regulation of tongue muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tongue muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001038 regulation of cellular response to drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001023 regulation of response to drug Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001039 negative regulation of cellular response to drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001038 regulation of cellular response to drug Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001040 positive regulation of cellular response to drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001049 regulation of tendon cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tendon cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001050 negative regulation of tendon cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001049 regulation of tendon cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tendon cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001051 positive regulation of tendon cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tendon cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001069 glycogen binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030247 polysaccharide binding Binding to glycogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001074 regulation of metanephric ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072215 regulation of metanephros development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric ureteric bud development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001075 negative regulation of metanephric ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001074 regulation of metanephric ureteric bud development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric ureteric bud development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001076 positive regulation of metanephric ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001074 regulation of metanephric ureteric bud development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric ureteric bud development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001151 regulation of renal water transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of renal water transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001152 negative regulation of renal water transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renal water transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001153 positive regulation of renal water transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of renal water transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001169 regulation of ATP biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ATP biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001170 negative regulation of ATP biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009890 negative regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ATP biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001171 positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009891 positive regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ATP biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001191 regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046643 regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001192 negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001191 regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001193 positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001191 regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001198 regulation of dendritic cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902105 regulation of leukocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001199 negative regulation of dendritic cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001198 regulation of dendritic cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001200 positive regulation of dendritic cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001198 regulation of dendritic cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001204 regulation of osteoclast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903706 regulation of hemopoiesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001205 negative regulation of osteoclast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001204 regulation of osteoclast development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001206 positive regulation of osteoclast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001204 regulation of osteoclast development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001212 regulation of vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vasculogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001213 negative regulation of vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001212 regulation of vasculogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vasculogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001214 positive regulation of vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasculogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000008 TGF-beta-like cystine-knot cytokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has a core domain composition consisting of a signal peptide, a variable propeptide region and a Transforming growth factor beta like domain (Pfam:PF00019), which is a cystine-knot domain containing four conserved beta strands, S1-S4, which form two antiparallel beta sheets (SI-S2 and S3-S4) interconnected by three disulfide bridges in a knot-like topology. Cystines [II-V] and [III-VI] form a ring through which the remaining disulfide bond (Cys[I-IV]) penetrates. Insertion of different variable regions into this common motif has given rise to various subclasses of the growth factor cystine-knot domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000017 interferon gamma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000024990 type II interferon A type II interferon that is a translation product of the human IFNG gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. The core domain structure consists of an Interferon gamma domain (Pfam:PF00714) that is four-helical cytokine domain with an additional helix in one of the crossover connections. It is a cytokine produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens that has important immunoregulatory functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000030 thrombospondin subgroup B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has a core domain composition consisting of three or four EGF-type repeats, a series of seven contiguous calcium-binding repeats (the thrombospondin type 3 repeats), and a globular carboxyl-terminal domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000033 tumor necrosis factor, TNF-like http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has a core domain composition consisting of an N-terminal cytosolic domain, a type II transmembrane domain and a C-terminal TNF domain (Pfam:PF00229). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000046 TGF-beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000008 TGF-beta-like cystine-knot cytokine A TGF-beta-like cystine-knot cytokine whose propeptide region is a latent associated peptide (LAP) that remains associated to the mature TGF-beta after cleavage and secretion, keeping TGF-beta inactive. TGF-beta is the founding member of the cystine-knot cytokine family, and is related to the activin/inhibin, anti-Muellerian hormone, and bone morphogenic protein families, which are all involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000085 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000030 thrombospondin subgroup B A thrombospondin subgroup B that is a translation product of the human COMP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000134 tumor necrosis factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000033 tumor necrosis factor, TNF-like A tumor necrosis factor, TNF-like that is a translation product of the human TNF gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that mediates apoptosis, cell proliferation, immunomodulation, inflammation, viral replication, allergy, arthritis, septic shock, insulin resistance, autoimmune diseases, and other pathological conditions. TNF transduces these cellular responses through two distinct receptors: type I, which are expressed on all cell types, and type II, which are expressed only on cells of the immune system and endothelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001002 CD19 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD19 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. It is composed of an N-terminal extracellular domain containing two Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains, followed by a single-pass transmembrane segment and a cytoplasmic C-terminal tail. CD19 expression is restricted to members of the B cell lineage. It functions as a co-receptor for B-cell antigen receptor (BCR), regulating signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001003 CD34 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD34 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. It is a leukocyte membrane protein expressed specifically by lymphohematopoietic progenitor cells. It contains a single-pass transmembrane domain and that show distinct expression on early hematopoietic precursors and vascular-associated tissue. Acts as a scaffold that presents selectin carbohydrate ligands in a clustered, tissue specific manner to allow for higher avidity interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells during the inflammatory process. In common with related sialomucins (endoglycan and podocalyxin), the extracellular region is dominated by an N-terminal mucin-like domain, which is densely substituted with sialylated O-linked carbohydrates. The mucin-like region is followed by a cysteine-containing and presumably globular domain. This domain may fold into an immunoglobulin-like structure as the positions of 2 of the cysteines are conserved in the C2 set of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The cytoplasmic domain is around 73-76 residues long and highly conserved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001005 integrin alpha with A domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025796 integrin alpha An integrin alpha that contains an A domain. A hallmark of this class is the presence of a von Willebrand factor type A domain (Pfam:PF00092) (I-domain) of approximately 200 amino acid residues at the N terminus, which confers divalent cation binding properties. Unlike other integrin alpha proteins, they do not undergo proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001006 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human PTPRC gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. It is composed of an extracellular domain, a single transmembrane segment and two tandem intracytoplasmic protein-tyrosine phosphatase domains. Contains 1 to 3 copies of the Fibronectin type III domain (Pfam:PF00041) followed by two copies of the Protein-tyrosine phosphatase (Pfam:PF00102) domain. Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C (CD45) regulates signal transduction and lymphocyte activation by specific association with receptor molecules on T and B cells. Multiple isoforms of CD45 (180-235 kDa) can be generated asa result of alternative splicing of three variable exons 4(A), 5(B) and 6(C), encoding sequences at the N-terminal extracellular domain of the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001012 integrin alpha-M http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001005 integrin alpha with A domain An integrin alpha with A domain that is a translation product of the human ITGAM gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. They constitute subunits of the integrin alpha-M/beta-2 receptor. This receptor is implicated in various adhesive interactions of monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes as well as in mediating the uptake of complement-coated particles. It is also a receptor for fibrinogen, factor X and ICAM1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001013 integrin alpha-X http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001005 integrin alpha with A domain An integrin alpha with A domain that is a translation product of the human ITGAX gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Integrin alpha-X complexed with beta-2 is a receptor for fibrinogen. It recognizes the sequence GPR in fibrinogen. It mediates cell-cell interaction during inflammatory responses. It is especially important in monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001014 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RABC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001006 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P08575-3 or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001015 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45RA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000050216 receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45R A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase C isoform CD45R that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P08575-8 or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001020 CD3 epsilon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001018 CD3 subunit with immunoglobulin domain A CD3 subunit with immunoglobulin domain that is a translation product of the human CD3E gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001022 neural cell adhesion molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with a domain composition consisting of a large extracellular domain, including five Ig-like C2-type domains followed by two copies of the Fibronectin type-III domain (Pfam:PF00041), a single-pass transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic C-terminal domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001023 neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001022 neural cell adhesion molecule A neural cell adhesion molecule that is involved in neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001024 neural cell adhesion molecule 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001023 neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM A neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM that is a translation product of the human NCAM1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001083 CD2 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001084 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD8A gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. CD8 is a transmembrane that is a co-receptor for MHC class-I antigen/T-cell receptor interaction. The most common form of CD8 is composed of a CD8 alpha and a CD8 beta chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001091 interleukin-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has a core domain composition consisting of a propeptide region and an Interleukin-1 / 18 domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001092 interleukin-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a T cell-derived cytokine that may play an important role in the initiation or maintenance of the proinflammatory response. Except for IL-17B, all other IL-17 family members are homodimers containing five highly conserved cysteine residues forming characteristic cystein-knot structure, similar to that found in the TGF-beta-like cystine-knot (PR:000000008). This class consists of six cytokines. Among them, interleukin 17A (IL-17) and IL-17F are expressed by a novel subset of CD4+ helper T (Th) cells and play a critical role in inflammation and autoimmunity. On the other hand, IL-17E, also called IL-25, has been associated with allergic responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001094 rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000030035 G-protein coupled receptor A G-protein coupled receptor that contains the 7 transmembrane receptor (rhodopsin family) domain (Pfam:PF00001), which includes 7 transmembrane helices (TMI-TM7) with 3 intracellular loops (IL1-IL3) and 3 extracellular loops (EL1-EL3) between the helices. The amino-terminal region is extracellular and the carboxyl-terminal region is intracellular. Rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are unique among the several classes of GPCRs in that most have a very short amino-terminal segment and several characteristic sequence motifs, particularly NSxxNPxxY in TM7 and D/E-R-Y/F between TM3 and loop IL2. Most bind their ligands within a cavity between the TM regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001128 chemokine receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001094 rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptor A rhodopsin-like G-protein coupled receptor that in active form binds to one or more chemokines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001135 interleukin-1 alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001091 interleukin-1 An interleukin-1 that is a translation product of the human IL1A gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Critical mediator of the immune and inflammatory responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001136 interleukin-1 beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001091 interleukin-1 An interleukin-1 that is a translation product of the human IL1B gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001199 C-C chemokine receptor type 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001128 chemokine receptor A chemokine receptor that is a translation product of the human CCR2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. The preferred ligands include CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001206 CX3C chemokine receptor 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001128 chemokine receptor A chemokine receptor that is a translation product of the human CX3CR1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. The preferred ligand is CX3CL1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001281 ADP-ribosyl cyclase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that contains the ADP-ribosyl cyclase domain (Pfam:PF02267). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001289 membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human MS4A1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001293 C-type lectin domain family 4 member K http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD207 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001307 CD44 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD44 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001308 CD48 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD48 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001317 interleukin-7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL7 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001327 cadherin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has a core domain structure of signal sequence, propeptide, five Cadherin domains (Pfam:PF00028), a transmembrane region, and a Cadherin cytoplasmic region (Pfam:PF01049). Cadherins function as adhesion molecules that mediate Ca2+-dependent cell-cell adhesion in solid tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001332 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CEACAM8 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001335 class 2 cytokine, IL-10 type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with a core domain architecture consisting of an N-terminal Interleukin 10 (Pfam:PF00726) domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001338 complement receptor type 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CR2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001345 endoglin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human ENG gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001352 glycophorin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that contains an extracellular Glycophorin A domain (Pfam:PF01102), followed by a single-pass transmembrane region and a small intracellular domain. A protein that is an integral protein of the red cell membrane. Proteins in this class are responsible for the molecular basis of the blood group antigens, surface markers on the outside of the red blood cell membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001355 immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II/III/IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with a core domain architecture consisting of an extracellular domain containing two copies of the Immunoglobulin domain (Pfam:PF00047), followed by a single-pass transmembrane region and a small intracellular domain. The active protein is a low affinity receptor for immunoglobulin gamma chain Fc region. Human II-a, II-b, and II-c represent a recent gene expansion and are equally related to mouse II, III, and IV. Human III-A and III-B are closely related and closer to mouse IV than to mouse III. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001368 interleukin-12 subunit alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL12A gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. It associates with interleukin-12 subunit beta to form the interleukin-23. Interleukin-12 subunit alpha associates with interleukin-27 subunit beta to form the interleukin-35. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001369 interleukin-12 subunit beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL12B gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Interleukin-12 subunit beta associates with interleukin-12 subunit alpha or interleukin-23 subunit alpha to form the interleukin-23. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001370 interleukin-13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL13 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Interleukin-13 is a pleiotropic cytokine which may be important in the regulation of the inflammatory and immune responses. It inhibits inflammatory cytokine production and synergises with IL-2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis. The sequences of IL-4 and IL-13 are distantly related. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001373 interleukin-15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL15 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001374 interleukin-16 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL16 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001376 interleukin-18 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL18 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001379 interleukin-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Interleukin-2 has a dual role in maintaining tolerance and contributing to immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001380 interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL2RA gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001382 interleukin-21 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL21 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001384 interleukin-23 subunit alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL23A gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Interleukin-23 subunit alpha associates with interleukin-12 subunit beta to form the interleukin-23, a heterodimeric cytokine which functions in innate and adaptive immunity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001387 interleukin-3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL3 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001391 interleukin-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL4 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001392 interleukin-5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL5 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001393 interleukin-6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL6 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001395 interleukin-8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CXCL8 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001396 interleukin-9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL9 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001408 ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001281 ADP-ribosyl cyclase An ADP-ribosyl cyclase that is a translation product of the human CD38 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001444 cadherin-5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001327 cadherin A cadherin that is a translation product of the human CDH5 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001460 glycophorin-A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001352 glycophorin A glycophorin that is a translation product of the human GYPA gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. It is the major sialoglycoprotein of the erythrocyte membrane. Structurally, glycophorin A consists of an N-terminal extracellular domain, heavily glycosylated on Ser and threonine residues, followed by a transmembrane region and a C-terminal cytoplasmic domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001471 interleukin-10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001335 class 2 cytokine, IL-10 type A class 2 cytokine, IL-10 type that is a translation product of the human IL10 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. Active interleukin-10 inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF and GM-CSF produced by activated macrophages and by helper T cells. Structurally, IL-10 is a protein of about 160 amino acids that contains four conserved cysteines involved in disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001479 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001355 immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II/III/IV An immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II/III/IV that is a translation product of the mouse Fcgr2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001481 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001355 immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II/III/IV An immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II/III/IV that is a translation product of the human FCGR2B gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001483 low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001355 immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II/III/IV An immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor II/III/IV that is a translation product of the mouse Fcgr3 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001753 transcription factor NF-kappa-B subunit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has a core domain composition consisting of a Rel homology domain (RHD) (Pfam:PF00554), an IPT/TIG domain (Pfam:PF01833), six copies of the Ankyrin repeat (Pfam:PF00023), a Death domain (Pfam:PF00531) and a C-terminal PEST region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001785 prominin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with core architecture consisting of one Prominin (Pfam:PF05478) domain. The prominins are an emerging family of proteins that, among the multispan membrane proteins, display a novel topology. Mouse and human prominin and prominin-like 1 are predicted to contain five membrane spanning domains, with an N-terminal domain exposed to the extracellular space followed by four, alternating small cytoplasmic and large extracellular, loops and a cytoplasmic C-terminal domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001786 prominin-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001785 prominin A prominin that is a translation product of the human PROM1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001809 CD59-like glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD59 gene, a 1:1 ortholog thereof, or pro-orthologs thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001810 CSF-1/PDGF receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with core architecture consisting of asignal sequence, 5 Ig-like domains, followed by a transmembrane sequence, followed by a Protein tyrosine kinase domain (Pfam:PF07714). However, only 1-3 of the Ig domains are detected by the Pfam HMMs in most of the sequences. Pfam:PF00047 is most common, but other members of the Ig domain clan, Pfam:PF07679 and Pfam:PF07686 can be identified instead. The fourth Ig domain lacks the disulfide-bonded cysteines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001833 SLAM family member 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SLAMF1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001836 CD7 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD7 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001839 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD5 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001843 Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human THY1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001850 cathepsin K http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000040662 cathepsin-like protease A cathepsin-like protease that is a translation product of the human CTSK gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001858 immunoglobulin iota chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human VPREB1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. The gene is recently and independently duplicated in mouse and rabbit, giving rise to very closely related VPREB2 genes in those species. The protein associates with the Ig-mu chain to form a molecular complex that is expressed only on the surface of pre-B-cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001859 immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IGLL1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001865 interleukin-3 receptor class 2 alpha chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL3RA gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001867 interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL5RA gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001869 interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IL7R gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001874 KLRB1-like protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the KLRB1 gene or its closely related paralogs (KLRB1A-F). There are lineage-specific expansions in mouse and rat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001879 leukosialin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SPN gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001880 low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human FCER2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001888 membrane alanyl aminopeptidase-like metallopeptidase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with core architecture consisting of a Peptidase family M1 domain (Pfam:PF01433). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001889 CD14 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD14 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001892 CD33 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD33 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001896 natural killer cell receptor 2B4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD244 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001898 neprilysin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human MME gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001903 paired box protein PAX-5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human PAX5 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001925 scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD163 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001932 signal transducer CD24 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD24 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001935 syndecan-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SDC1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001937 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human ACP5 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001938 thrombomodulin-like receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with core architecture consisting of a signal sequence, a Lectin C-type domain (Pfam:PF00059), 5 or 6 EGF-like domains (Pfam:PF00008, Pfam:PF09064, or Pfam:PF07645), a transmembrane region, and a small cytoplasmic region (36-51 amino acids). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001944 transcription factor PU.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human SPI1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001945 transferrin receptor protein 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human TFRC gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001946 tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10/11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with core architecture consisting of a fairly small cytoplasmic region, a transmembrane domain, and an extracellular domain containing a TNF(Tumour Necrosis Factor) family domain (Pfam:PF00229). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001954 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human TNFRSF11A gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001963 CD27 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CD27 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001969 urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human PLAUR gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001971 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein with core architecture consisting of a signal sequence, followed by 7 Ig-like domains (Pfam:PF00047, Pfam:PF07679, or Pfam:PF07686), a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic Protein tyrosine kinase domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002001 receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001810 CSF-1/PDGF receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase A CSF-1/PDGF receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase that is a translation product of the human FLT3 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002037 complement component C1q receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001938 thrombomodulin-like receptor A thrombomodulin-like receptor that is a translation product of the human CD93 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002039 glutamyl aminopeptidase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001888 membrane alanyl aminopeptidase-like metallopeptidase A membrane alanyl aminopeptidase-like metallopeptidase that is a translation product of the human ENPEP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002062 macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001810 CSF-1/PDGF receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase A CSF-1/PDGF receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase that is a translation product of the human CSF1R gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002065 mast/stem cell growth factor receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001810 CSF-1/PDGF receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase A CSF-1/PDGF receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase that is a translation product of the human KIT gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002107 tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001946 tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10/11 A tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10/11 that is a translation product of the human TNFSF11 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002112 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001971 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor that is a translation product of the human KDR gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002976 Ly-6-like protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is the translation product of any of the LY6 genes (LY6A-LY6I). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002977 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B member 1C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001874 KLRB1-like protein A KLRB1-like protein that is a translation product of the mouse Klrb1c gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002978 lymphocyte antigen 6G http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002976 Ly-6-like protein An Ly-6-like protein that is a translation product of the mouse Ly6g gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002979 lymphocyte antigen 6A-2/6E-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002976 Ly-6-like protein An Ly-6-like protein that is a translation product of the mouse Ly6a gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002980 lymphocyte antigen 6C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002976 Ly-6-like protein An Ly-6-like protein that is a translation product of the mouse Ly6c2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000002981 lymphocyte antigen 76 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A protein that is a translation product of the Ly76 gene in mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 amino acid chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50047 organic amino compound An organic amino compound that consists of amino acid residues (unmodified amino-acid residues and/or modified amino-acid residues) linked by peptide bonds or derivatives of such bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is produced as the result of proteolytic processing of a longer protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018270 interferon gamma, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000017 interferon gamma An interferon gamma that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018271 interferon gamma proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An interferon gamma that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018285 tumor necrosis factor proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A tumor necrosis factor that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018344 interleukin-1 alpha proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product An interleukin-1 alpha that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018721 tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021935 immature protein part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 fiat object part A part of a protein that is removed during the protein maturation process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000024990 type II interferon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that binds to a specific cell surface receptor complex known as the IFN-gamma receptor (IFNGR), a complex of two IFNGR1 and two IFNGR2 chains. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025796 integrin alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is composed of a long N-terminal extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain contains beta-propeller repeats (interrupted by an A domain in a subset of integrins alpha), while the C-terminal domain contains a GFFxR motif. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025875 serpin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is primarily known as an irreversible serine protease inhibitor active against S1, S8 and C14 peptidases. There are both extra- and intra-cellular serpins, which are found in all groups of organisms with the notable exception of fungi. Serpin contains a copy of the Serpin (Pfam:PF00079) domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000030035 G-protein coupled receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that has G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activity. Each GPCR consists of a single polypeptide with an extracellular N-terminus, an intracellular C-terminus and seven hydrophobic transmembrane domains (TM1-TM7) linked by three extracellular loops (ECL1-ECL3) and three intracellular loops (ICL1-ICL3). GPCRs function as part of a heterotrimeric complex to transmit an extracellular signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein via the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036194 eukaryotic protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is encoded in the genome of some Eukaryota. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000040662 cathepsin-like protease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036194 eukaryotic protein A protein that is a translation product of some metazoan gene that encodes a signal peptide followed by a single Cathepsin propeptide inhibitor domain (Pfam:PF08246) followed by a single Papain family cysteine protease (Pfam:PF00112) domain at the C terminus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021095 prolactin, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013246 prolactin A prolactin that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021169 parathyroid hormone, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013429 parathyroid hormone A parathyroid hormone that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021170 parathyroid hormone proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013429 parathyroid hormone A parathyroid hormone that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021468 sonic hedgehog protein proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A sonic hedgehog protein that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021577 somatostatin, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000015665 somatostatin A somatostatin that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021578 somatostatin proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A somatostatin that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021699 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000016480 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B that has had the signal peptide removed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025416 cartilage oligomeric matrix protein proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A cartilage oligomeric matrix protein that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025455 CD2 molecule proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product A CD2 molecule that has been processed by proteolytic cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000027222 CALCA gene translation product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human CALCA gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000027223 CALCA gene translation product (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CALCA gene translation product that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036194 eukaryotic protein A protein that is encoded in the genome of Mus musculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036194 eukaryotic protein A protein that is encoded in the genome of Homo sapiens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P11215 integrin alpha-M (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An integrin alpha-M that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000044520 interleukin-23 subunit alpha, signal peptide removed form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001384 interleukin-23 subunit alpha An interleukin-23 subunit alpha that has had the signal peptide removed. Example: UniProtKB:Q9NPF7, 20-189. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P01732 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P02786 transferrin receptor protein 1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A transferrin receptor protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P06729 T-cell surface antigen CD2 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD2 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P07766 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD3 epsilon that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P08473 neprilysin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A neprilysin that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P09581 macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P13686 tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P15391 B-lymphocyte antigen CD19 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD19 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P16070 CD44 antigen (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD44 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P17542 T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P20138 myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD33 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P22091 T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 homolog (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P26842 CD27 antigen (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CD27 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P33151 cadherin-5 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A cadherin-5 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P35968 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P49715 CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q00653 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011178 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit A nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q13291 signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A SLAM family member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q86VB7 scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9BZW8 natural killer cell receptor 2B4 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A natural killer cell receptor 2B4 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_O09100 endothelial transcription factor GATA-2 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An endothelial transcription factor GATA-2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_O15353 forkhead box protein N1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A forkhead box protein N1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P16406 glutamyl aminopeptidase (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A glutamyl aminopeptidase that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P16872 interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P17433 transcription factor PU.1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A transcription factor PU.1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P17679 erythroid transcription factor (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An erythroid transcription factor that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P17813 endoglin (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An endoglin that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P17947 transcription factor PU.1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A transcription factor PU.1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P18181 CD48 antigen (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD48 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P18828 syndecan-1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A syndecan-1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P19070 complement receptor type 2 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A complement receptor type 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P19437 B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P20023 complement receptor type 2 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A complement receptor type 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P20693 low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A low affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P21183 interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P21784 V(D)J recombination-activating protein 2 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A V(D)J recombination-activating protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P22646 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 epsilon chain (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD3 epsilon that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P23769 endothelial transcription factor GATA-2 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An endothelial transcription factor GATA-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P55075 fibroblast growth factor 8 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A fibroblast growth factor 8 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P55097 cathepsin K (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A cathepsin K that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P55284 cadherin-5 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A cadherin-5 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P55895 V(D)J recombination-activating protein 2 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A V(D)J recombination-activating protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P56528 ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q15465 sonic hedgehog protein (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A sonic hedgehog protein that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q62351 transferrin receptor protein 1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A transferrin receptor protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q63961 endoglin (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein An endoglin that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q63994 myeloid cell surface antigen CD33 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD33 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q64314 hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD34 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q67BJ4 lactosylceramide 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A lactosylceramide 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9UJ71 C-type lectin domain family 4 member K (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A C-type lectin domain family 4 member K that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002577 system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A material entity consisting of multiple components that are causally integrated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008024 pancreatic endocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000164 enteroendocrine cell An endocrine cell that is part of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011115 precursor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that, by division or terminal differentiation, can give rise to other cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001261 obese http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001260 increased body weight a status with body weight that is grossly above the average, acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess fat tissue in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000073 chewing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000747 jaw movement The act of repeated grinding, tearing, and or crushing with teeth or jaws [NBO:SMAC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140029 exocytic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The cellular processes that contribute to exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030016 increased adipocyte glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004185 abnormal adipocyte glucose uptake increased ability of adipocytes to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030017 decreased adipocyte glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004185 abnormal adipocyte glucose uptake reduced ability of adipocytes to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030018 increased cardiac cell glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030021 increased muscle cell glucose uptake increased ability of the cells of the heart to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030020 decreased cardiac cell glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030022 decreased muscle cell glucose uptake reduced ability of the cells of the heart to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030021 increased muscle cell glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004130 abnormal muscle cell glucose uptake increased ability of muscle cells to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030022 decreased muscle cell glucose uptake http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004130 abnormal muscle cell glucose uptake reduced ability of muscle cells to take in glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030023 abnormal meiotic telomere clustering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001930 abnormal meiosis any anomaly in the cell cycle process in which the dynamic reorganization of telomeres occurs in early meiotic prophase, during which meiotic chromosome ends are gathered in a bouquet arrangement at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope proximal to the spindle pole body; this process plays an important role in progression through meiosis and precedes synapsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030024 abnormal meiotic attachment of telomere to nuclear envelope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030023 abnormal meiotic telomere clustering any anomaly in the meiotic cell cycle process in which physical connections are formed between telomeric heterochromatin and the nuclear envelope, facilitating bouquet formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030025 giant platelets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002599 increased mean platelet volume presence of abnormally enlarged platelets that are as large as or larger than the red blood cells in the microscopic field; giant platelets may be seen in myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic conditions, autoimmune thrombocytopenia, in association with severe leukemoid reactions, and in rare inherited conditions such as Bernard-Soulier syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099165 postsynaptic specialization of symmetric synapse, intracellular component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099091 postsynaptic specialization, intracellular component A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of a symmetric synapse. Its major components include that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. This structure is not as thick or electron dense as the postsynaptic density found in asymmetric synapses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099170 postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process, acting in the postsynapse that results in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099171 presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process, acting in the presynapse that results in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030079 small incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030088 microdontia reduced size of the set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030088 microdontia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology abnormal reduction in the size of one or more teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030091 macrodontia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology abnormal increase in the size of one or more teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030121 small temporal bone squamous part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004423 abnormal temporal bone squamous part morphology reduced size of the anterosuperior portion of the temporal bone that is thin, scale-like, and translucent and forms part of the lateral wall of the cranial vault http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030123 small middle ear ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005105 abnormal middle ear ossicle morphology reduced size of the three bones of the middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030124 middle ear ossicle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030123 small middle ear ossicles decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the middle ear ossicle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030125 small gonial bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030123 small middle ear ossicles reduced size of the investing bone that lies on the surface of the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030224 abnormal soft palate muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003154 abnormal soft palate morphology any structural anomaly of any of the five paired muscles of the soft palate that play important roles in swallowing and breathing; these muscles include the tensor veli palatini, palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, levator veli palatini, and the musculus uvulae muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030225 abnormal cranial vertex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology any structural anomaly of the midline bony landmark at the most superior part of the calvaria, near the midpoint of the sagittal suture (i.e. between the bregma and lambda) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030226 middle ear polyps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology development of numerous growths that are connected to and protrude from the mucous membrane of the middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030227 abnormal tubotympanic recess morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology any structural morphology of the elongate recess derived from the first pharyngeal pouch; its distal part contributes to the formation of the tympanic membrane, its proximal part elongates to form the auditory tube, and its cavity gives rise to the tympanic cavity and mastoid antrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030228 absent tubotympanic recess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030227 abnormal tubotympanic recess morphology absence of the elongate recess derived from the first pharyngeal pouch; its distal part contributes to the formation of the tympanic membrane, its proximal part elongates to form the auditory tube, and its cavity gives rise to the tympanic cavity and mastoid antrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030230 abnormal facial suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030229 abnormal craniofacial suture morphology any structural anomaly of any of the dense, fibrous connective tissue joints between facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030231 abnormal zygomaticomaxillary suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030230 abnormal facial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the suture between the zygomatic process of the maxilla and the maxillary margin of the zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030232 abnormal mandibular canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the canal located within the internal aspect of the mandible which contains the inferior alveolar nerve, artery and the vein; it starts at the mandibular foramen, on the lingual side of the ramus, continues on the buccal surface of the body of the mandible, and ends at the mental foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030233 absent mandibular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030232 abnormal mandibular canal morphology absence of the canal that is normally located within the internal aspect of the mandible and contains the inferior alveolar nerve, artery and the vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030234 abnormal mandibular foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the opening located on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible that is the entrance to the mandibular canal; it transmits the inferior alveolar nerve, a branch of the posterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve that supplies all the ipsilateral teeth up to the midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030235 absent mandibular foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030234 abnormal mandibular foramen morphology absence of the opening that is normally located on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible and forms the entrance to the mandibular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030236 abnormal mental foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the small opening located on the anterior surface of the mandible; the mental nerve, a terminal branch of inferior alveolar nerve, and the mental artery leave the mandibular canal through it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030237 absent mental foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030236 abnormal mental foramen morphology absence of the small opening located on the anterior surface of the mandible; normally, the mental nerve, a terminal branch of inferior alveolar nerve, and the mental artery leave the mandibular canal through it http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030238 abnormal extraocular muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005247 abnormal extraocular muscle morphology any anomaly in the differentiation of any of the striated muscles that are located within the orbit but are extrinsic and separate from the eyeball and control the movements of the eyeball and the superior eyelid; these include the superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, inferior oblique, superior oblique, and levator palpebrae superioris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030239 abnormal intraocular muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003818 abnormal eye muscle development any anomaly in the differentiation of any of the smooth muscles located within the eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030240 abnormal suprahyoid muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002253 abnormal pharyngeal muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the four muscles located above the hyoid bone in the neck; these muscles include the digastric, stylohyoid, geniohyoid, and mylohyoid muscles and are all pharyngeal muscles, with the exception of the geniohyoid muscle; they have different actions but in general assist in elevating the hyoid bone and widening the esophagus during swallowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030241 absent optic pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012155 abnormal optic pit morphology absence of either or both of the two pits that appear bilaterally in the region destined to become the forebrain as the cranial neural folds fuse; these optic pits or sulci continue to deepen laterally and bulge from the two sides of the forebrain to become the optic vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030242 small optic pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012155 abnormal optic pit morphology reduced size of either or both of the two pits that appear bilaterally in the region destined to become the forebrain as the cranial neural folds fuse; these optic pits or sulci continue to deepen laterally and bulge from the two sides of the forebrain to become the optic vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030244 short chin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030243 abnormal chin morphology decreased vertical dimension of the inferior portion of the face lying inferior to the lower lip and including the central prominence of the lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030245 round head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011495 abnormal head shape overall shape of the head is more circular than usual as viewed from the front http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030247 prominent cheeks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030246 abnormal cheek morphology increased prominence or roundness of the soft tissues between the zygomata and the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030268 agnathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology congenital, complete or partial, absence of one or both jaws; total absence of the maxilla and/or mandible is extremely rare in mammals; when agnathia occurs, it may be combined with cyclopia or synotia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099172 presynapse organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099175 regulation of postsynapse organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050807 regulation of synapse organization Any process that modulates the physical form of a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030504 abnormal cementoenamel junction morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030503 abnormal tooth neck morphology any anomaly of the interface between the cementum and enamel at the cervical region (neck) of a tooth; it represents the anatomic limit or line of division between the crown and root surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110075 regulation of ferroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043067 regulation of programmed cell death Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110076 negative regulation of ferroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110075 regulation of ferroptosis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_140325 secondary carboxamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with a primary amine; formula RC(=O)NHR(1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120192 tight junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007043 cell-cell junction assembly A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a tight junction. A tight junction seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030730 increased beta-alanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030729 abnormal beta-alanine level increase in the amount of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine; it occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030898 abnormal first sternocostal joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008148 abnormal sternocostal joint morphology any structural anomaly of the synchondrosis type of cartilaginous joint in which hyaline cartilage unites the first rib to the manubrium of the sternum.; it forms an immobile joint (synarthrosis); the rest of the sternocostal joints are synovial plane joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0040019 fibrotic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000025 composition Fibrosis is the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0050000 rate of occurence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000161 rate The number of repeated events per unit time, occurring in a repeating series. (e.g. the number of heart beats occurring over 1 minute) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030981 abnormal dentate gyrus subgranular zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000812 abnormal dentate gyrus morphology any structural anomaly of the the narrow layer of cells located between the granule cell layer and hilus of the dentate gyrus, where adult neurogenesis occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030982 abnormal copulatory plug deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002566 abnormal sexual interaction anomaly in the deposition of a plug of sperm or other gelatinous material into the opening of the vulva by a male at the termination of copulation; probably acts to prevent subsequent matings by other males http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030983 failure of copulatory plug deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030982 abnormal copulatory plug deposition inability to initiate and/or complete the deposition of a plug of sperm or other gelatinous material into the opening of the vulva by a male at the termination of copulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000000 anatomical entity A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062149 detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050906 detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167098 N-(fatty acyl)-ethanolamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52640 N-acylethanolamine an N-acyl-ethanolamine where the acyl group is a fatty acyl chain with composition not specified, major species at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020987 abnormal urine lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031337 abnormal lipocalin 2 level any anomaly in the amount in the urine of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020988 decreased urine lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031338 decreased lipocalin 2 level reduction in the amount in the urine of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020989 increased urine lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031339 increased lipocalin 2 level increase in the amount in the urine of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020990 abnormal urine HAVCR1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006315 abnormal urine protein level any anomaly in the amount in the urine of HAVCR1, a membrane receptor for both human hepatitis A virus (HHAV) and Timd4 that is frequently upregulated in response to kidney injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020991 decreased urine HAVCR1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020990 abnormal urine HAVCR1 level reduction in the amount in the urine of HAVCR1, a membrane receptor for both human hepatitis A virus (HHAV) and Timd4 that is frequently upregulated in response to kidney injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020992 increased urine HAVCR1 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020990 abnormal urine HAVCR1 level increase in the amount in the urine of HAVCR1, a membrane receptor for both human hepatitis A virus (HHAV) and Timd4 that is frequently upregulated in response to kidney injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020993 abnormal urine cytokine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level any anomaly in the amount in the urine of any of the non-antibody proteins made by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells that affect the behavior of other cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020994 abnormal urine osteopontin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020993 abnormal urine cytokine level any anomaly in the amount in the urine of osteopontin, a proinflammatory cytokine that upregulates expression of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 and is a key factor in tissue repair after injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020995 decreased urine osteopontin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020994 abnormal urine osteopontin level reduction in the amount in the urine of osteopontin, a proinflammatory cytokine that upregulates expression of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 and is a key factor in tissue repair after injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020996 increased urine osteopontin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020994 abnormal urine osteopontin level increase in the amount in the urine of osteopontin, a proinflammatory cytokine that upregulates expression of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 and is a key factor in tissue repair after injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020999 abnormal small intestine length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000496 abnormal small intestine morphology any anomaly in the length of the portion of the digestive tube between the stomach and the cecum, consisting of the duodenum, ileum and jejunum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021000 abnormal cecum weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000494 abnormal cecum morphology any anomaly in the weight of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031235 decreased cecum weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021000 abnormal cecum weight reduction in the weight of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031236 increased cecum weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021000 abnormal cecum weight increase in the weight of the large sac at the ileum and large intestine junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031237 diffuse alveolar damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010899 abnormal pulmonary alveolar system morphology a common histological injury pattern of the lung, whereby the early stages are characterized by epithelial cell necrosis and sloughing, fibrous exudate, edema, and hyaline membranes made of surfactant and proteins, filling the alveoli and resulting in impaired gas exchange; in later stages, alveolar type II cells and myofibroblasts proliferate within the interstitium and airspaces; the corresponding clinical entity is ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031238 reactive type II pneumocyte hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010810 increased type II pneumocyte number alteration to type II pneumocytes following lung injury that results in increased numbers of these cells occurring in clusters and having morphological alterations including: cuboidal shapes, increased nucleocytoplasmic ratio, enlarged nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and various alterations in their nuclear chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031239 increased atretic ovarian follicle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008871 abnormal ovarian follicle number increase in the number of degenerated immature ovarian follicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031240 abnormal CSF3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008713 abnormal cytokine level deviation from the normal levels of CSF3, a cytokine glycoprotein produced by endothelium, macrophages and other immune cells that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream; it also stimulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils via signal transduction pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031241 decreased CSF3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031240 abnormal CSF3 level reduction in the amount of CSF3, a cytokine glycoprotein produced by endothelium, macrophages and other immune cells that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream; it also stimulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils via signal transduction pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031242 increased CSF3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031240 abnormal CSF3 level increase in the amount of CSF3, a cytokine glycoprotein produced by endothelium, macrophages and other immune cells that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream; it also stimulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils via signal transduction pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031243 abnormal circulating CSF3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031240 abnormal CSF3 level deviation from the normal blood levels of CSF3, a cytokine glycoprotein produced by endothelium, macrophages and other immune cells that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream; it also stimulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils via signal transduction pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031244 decreased circulating CSF3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031243 abnormal circulating CSF3 level reduction in the blood levels of CSF3, a cytokine glycoprotein produced by endothelium, macrophages and other immune cells that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream; it also stimulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils via signal transduction pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031246 abnormal CCL3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008721 abnormal chemokine level deviation from the normal levels of CCL3 protein, a chemokine that is secreted by a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells upon stimulation and plays a key role in recruiting inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils) to sites of injury or inflammation via the CCR1 or CCR5 receptor; it helps promote wound healing by recruiting macrophages to sites of tissue injury; acts as a potent osteoclast activator and induces bone resorption; exerts HIV-suppressive activity; and inhibits hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031247 decreased CCL3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031246 abnormal CCL3 level reduction in the amount of CCL3 protein, a chemokine that is secreted by a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells upon stimulation and plays a key role in recruiting inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils) to sites of injury or inflammation via the CCR1 or CCR5 receptor; it helps promote wound healing by recruiting macrophages to sites of tissue injury; acts as a potent osteoclast activator and induces bone resorption; exerts HIV-suppressive activity; and inhibits hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031248 increased CCL3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031246 abnormal CCL3 level increase in the amount of CCL3 protein, a chemokine that is secreted by a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells upon stimulation and plays a key role in recruiting inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils) to sites of injury or inflammation via the CCR1 or CCR5 receptor; it helps promote wound healing by recruiting macrophages to sites of tissue injury; acts as a potent osteoclast activator and induces bone resorption; exerts HIV-suppressive activity; and inhibits hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031249 abnormal circulating CCL3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031246 abnormal CCL3 level deviation from the normal blood levels of CCL3 protein, a chemokine that is secreted by a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells upon stimulation and plays a key role in recruiting inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils) to sites of injury or inflammation via the CCR1 or CCR5 receptor; it helps promote wound healing by recruiting macrophages to sites of tissue injury; acts as a potent osteoclast activator and induces bone resorption; exerts HIV-suppressive activity; and inhibits hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031250 decreased circulating CCL3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031249 abnormal circulating CCL3 level reduction in the blood levels of CCL3 protein, a chemokine that is secreted by a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells upon stimulation and plays a key role in recruiting inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils) to sites of injury or inflammation via the CCR1 or CCR5 receptor; it helps promote wound healing by recruiting macrophages to sites of tissue injury; acts as a potent osteoclast activator and induces bone resorption; exerts HIV-suppressive activity; and inhibits hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031251 increased circulating CCL3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031249 abnormal circulating CCL3 level increase in the blood levels of CCL3 protein, a chemokine that is secreted by a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells upon stimulation and plays a key role in recruiting inflammatory cells (macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils) to sites of injury or inflammation via the CCR1 or CCR5 receptor; it helps promote wound healing by recruiting macrophages to sites of tissue injury; acts as a potent osteoclast activator and induces bone resorption; exerts HIV-suppressive activity; and inhibits hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031252 abnormal physiological response to hypoxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005376 homeostasis/metabolism phenotype any anomaly in the expected physiological response of a cell or an organism to reduced tissue levels of oxygen resulting from either internal or external changes in oxygen levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031253 lordokyphosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000162 lordosis a combination of kyphosis and lordosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031254 decreased vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011229 abnormal vitamin C level any concentration below the normal range of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is a common co-factor and has anti-oxidant activities in many species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031255 increased vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011229 abnormal vitamin C level any concentration above the normal range of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is a common co-factor and has anti-oxidant activities in many species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031256 abnormal circulating vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011229 abnormal vitamin C level any anomaly in the concentration of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031257 decreased circulating vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031256 abnormal circulating vitamin C level reduced concentration of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031258 increased circulating vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031256 abnormal circulating vitamin C level increased concentration of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031259 abnormal liver vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011229 abnormal vitamin C level any anomaly in the concentration of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031260 decreased liver vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031259 abnormal liver vitamin C level reduced concentration of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031261 increased liver vitamin C level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031259 abnormal liver vitamin C level increased concentration of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031262 abnormal vitamin K level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005401 abnormal fat-soluble vitamin level any anomaly in the concentration of any of the forms of vitamin K, quinone-derived vitamins which are involved in the synthesis of blood-clotting factors in mammals; vitamin K substances share a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and vary in the aliphatic side chains attached to the molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031263 decreased vitamin K level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031262 abnormal vitamin K level reduced concentration of any of the forms of vitamin K, quinone-derived vitamins which are involved in the synthesis of blood-clotting factors in mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031264 increased vitamin K level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031262 abnormal vitamin K level increased concentration of any of the forms of vitamin K, quinone-derived vitamins which are involved in the synthesis of blood-clotting factors in mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031265 increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000598 abnormal liver morphology more likely than normal to develop hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031266 decreased susceptibility to alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002310 decreased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis less likely than normal to develop hepatic steatosis following acute or chronic alcohol administration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031267 increased susceptibility to alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031265 increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis more likely than normal to develop hepatic steatosis following acute or chronic alcohol administration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031268 decreased susceptibility to diet-induced hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002310 decreased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis less likely than normal to develop diet-induced hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031269 increased susceptibility to diet-induced hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031265 increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis more likely than normal to develop diet-induced hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031270 decreased susceptibility to age-related hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002310 decreased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis less likely than normal to develop hepatic steatosis that is progressive with age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031271 increased susceptibility to age-related hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031265 increased susceptibility to hepatic steatosis more likely than normal to develop hepatic steatosis that is progressive with age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031272 abnormal susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002127 abnormal cardiovascular system morphology any anomaly in the frequency, rate or severity of aneurysm formation following experimental induction of heart or vessel wall weakening by chemical and/or physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031273 decreased susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031272 abnormal susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation decreased frequency, rate or severity of aneurysm formation following experimental induction of heart or vessel wall weakening by chemical and/or physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031274 increased susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031272 abnormal susceptibility to induced aneurysm formation increased frequency, rate or severity of aneurysm formation following experimental induction of heart or vessel wall weakening by chemical and/or physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039222 cystic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015796 liver blood vessel An artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the cystic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500062 tibial tuberosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection The tibial tuberosity is on the anterior side of a tibia and is where a patella ligament attaches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8420000 hair of scalp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016446 hair of head Hair that grows on the scalp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070044 anatomical structure quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A quality of continuant that exist at the anatomical level of organisation and anything under it. This includes, but is not limited to, cells , tissues, and components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070045 anatomical histological quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070044 anatomical structure quality A quality inhering in an anotomical structure by virtue of its capacity to be stained by specific histological dyes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070046 neutrophillic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070045 anatomical histological quality An affinity inhering in an anatomical structure by virtue of the bearer exhibiting a molecular interaction that stains and colors, pale-pink, with Wright-Giemsa stain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070047 polychromatophilic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070045 anatomical histological quality An affinity inhering in an anatomical structure by virtue of the bearer exhibiting a molecular interaction for both basic and acid stains under specific pH conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8450001 egg follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An individual reproductive unit containing a single oocyte and one or several layers of support cells (Armstrong et al., 2020). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009091 Leydig stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000034 stem cell A stem cell found in the interstitial compartment of the neonatal testis; it is capable of self-renewal as well as differentiation into steroidogenic cells (adult Leydig cells). Intermediate stages of development include progenitor Leydig cells and immature Leydig cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009115 lymph node lymphatic vessel endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell An endothelial cell located in a lymph node lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009116 progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A progenitor cell with the potential to differentiate into luminal epithelial cells of mammary glands. In mouse, CD61 and c-kit were found to be coexpressed by the majority of, but not all, committed luminal progenitor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0040072 high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality A quality inhering in a cell by virtue of the cell having a high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500107 sphenovomerine suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009199 facial suture A suture joining a sphenoid bone with the alae of a vomer to form a schindylesis type of joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023064 caudal ganglionic eminence derived interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron An interneuron that is derived from the caudal ganglionic eminence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480026 skin of iliac crest region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A zone of skin that is above the iliac crest in the pelvic girdle bone/zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480030 skin of breast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001868 skin of chest A zone of skin that is part of the breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480037 subserosa of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012375 subserosa Subserosa that is part of the uterine tube. It contains loose connective tissue, blood vessels and lymphatic tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031464 abnormal spontaneous fetal mouth movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031494 abnormal prenatal movement any anomaly in the spontaneous neuromuscular movements of the mandible and tongue prior to birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_195274 N-acetyl-D-aspartate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_58496 N-acetyl-D-amino acid anion An N-acyl-D-alpha-amino acid anion resulting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of N-acetyl-D-aspartic acid. Major microspecies at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014284 abnormal adrenal gland zona fasciculata size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008294 abnormal adrenal gland zona fasciculata morphology anomaly in the size of the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014285 disorganized adrenal gland zona fasciculata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008294 abnormal adrenal gland zona fasciculata morphology derangement of the pattern of the cells in the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014286 increased adrenal gland zona fasciculata size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014284 abnormal adrenal gland zona fasciculata size increase in the size of the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014287 decreased adrenal gland zona fasciculata size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014284 abnormal adrenal gland zona fasciculata size decrease in the size of the wide middle zone of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014288 rhizomelic limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000547 short limbs the proximal portion of the limbs are dispropotionately shortened http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014289 decreased distal limb length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000547 short limbs the distal portion of the limbs are dispropotionately shortened http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014290 abnormal autopod size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000572 abnormal autopod morphology anomaly in the size of the distal elements of the limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014292 decreased internal diameter of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013619 abnormal long bone internal diameter reduced cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the tibia long bone marrow cavity, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge of the bone marrow cavity through the mid point of the tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014293 increased internal diameter of tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013619 abnormal long bone internal diameter increased cross-sectional distance that extends from one lateral edge of the tibia long bone marrow cavity, through its center and to the opposite lateral edge of the bone marrow cavity through the mid point of the tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014295 premature skeletal maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014294 abnormal skeletal maturation earlier than expected age at which the skeleton reaches specific stages of maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014296 delayed skeletal maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014294 abnormal skeletal maturation later than expected age at which the skeleton reaches specific stages of maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031545 increased sinoatrial node size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004115 abnormal sinoatrial node morphology increase in the average size of the sinoatrial node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600038 placental disc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A disc-shaped structure that is part of the placenta. A placental disc supports fetal development through the exchange of nutrients between maternal and fetal bloodstreams. The placental disc is structured to keep the blood streams separate, while maximizing surface area for the transport of nutrients between them, to maintain an immunological barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008277 regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008292 acetylcholine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900620 acetate ester biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008299 isoprenoid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044249 cellular biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008300 isoprenoid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044242 cellular lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008320 protein transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140318 protein transporter activity Enables the transfer of a protein from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008347 glial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a glial cell, non-neuronal cells that provide support and nutrition, maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and participate in signal transmission in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008366 axon ensheathment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007272 ensheathment of neurons Any process in which the axon of a neuron is insulated, and that insulation maintained, thereby preventing dispersion of the electrical signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008474 palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008502 melatonin receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with melatonin, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, to initiate a change in cell activity. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine substance that stimulates the aggregation of melanosomes in melanophores, thus lightening the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008544 epidermis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008554 P-type sodium transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019829 ATPase-coupled monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out); by a phosphorylative mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008584 male gonad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008406 gonad development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008594 photoreceptor cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation The process in which the structures of a photoreceptor cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, a sensory cell that reacts to the presence of light. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008645 hexose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015749 monosaccharide transmembrane transport The process in which hexose is transported across a membrane. Hexoses are aldoses with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009048 dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031507 heterochromatin formation Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by heterochromatin formation leading to a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on one of the X-chromosomes in the XX sex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009113 purine nucleobase biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046112 nucleobase biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009118 regulation of nucleoside metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062012 regulation of small molecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleosides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009119 ribonucleoside metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009116 nucleoside metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine or pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009133 nucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901576 organic substance biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009134 nucleoside diphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901292 nucleoside phosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009135 purine nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009132 nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009136 purine nucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009137 purine nucleoside diphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901292 nucleoside phosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009142 nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009143 nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009144 purine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009145 purine nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009146 purine nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901292 nucleoside phosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009150 purine ribonucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009259 ribonucleotide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009163 nucleoside biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901659 glycosyl compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009179 purine ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009185 ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009181 purine ribonucleoside diphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009191 ribonucleoside diphosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine ribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009185 ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009132 nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009188 ribonucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009191 ribonucleoside diphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901292 nucleoside phosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a ribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009199 ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009141 nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009201 ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009203 ribonucleoside triphosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901292 nucleoside phosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009205 purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009199 ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009259 ribonucleotide metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019693 ribose phosphate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009260 ribonucleotide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009259 ribonucleotide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009261 ribonucleotide catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009259 ribonucleotide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009295 nucleoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The region of a virus, bacterial cell, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the nucleic acid is confined. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009308 amine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009309 amine biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009308 amine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009310 amine catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009308 amine metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009314 response to radiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009628 response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009410 response to xenobiotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a xenobiotic, a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009415 response to water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009448 gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006520 amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009449 gamma-aminobutyric acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009448 gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009450 gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009448 gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009581 detection of external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051606 detection of stimulus The series of events in which an external stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009582 detection of abiotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051606 detection of stimulus The series of events in which an (non-living) abiotic stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009590 detection of gravity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009629 response to gravity The series of events in which a gravitational stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009615 response to virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051707 response to other organism Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009629 response to gravity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009628 response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009636 response to toxic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009651 response to salt stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006970 response to osmotic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009713 catechol-containing compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046189 phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009719 response to endogenous stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009725 response to hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009719 response to endogenous stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009743 response to carbohydrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009746 response to hexose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034284 response to monosaccharide Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hexose stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009749 response to glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009746 response to hexose Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009786 regulation of asymmetric cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051302 regulation of cell division Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of asymmetric cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009790 embryo development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007275 multicellular organism development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009799 specification of symmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism such that a similar arrangement in form and relationship of parts around a common axis, or around each side of a plane is created. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009821 alkaloid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alkaloids, nitrogen-containing natural products which are not otherwise classified as nonprotein amino acids, amines, peptides, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones, or primary metabolite (such as purine or pyrimidine bases). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009822 alkaloid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901565 organonitrogen compound catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkaloids, nitrogen containing natural products not otherwise classified as peptides, nonprotein amino acids, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones or primary metabolites (such as purine or pyrimidine bases). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009890 negative regulation of biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009891 positive regulation of biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009896 positive regulation of catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009946 proximal/distal axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009798 axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009986 cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009991 response to extracellular stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009605 response to external stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009992 intracellular water homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of water within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009994 oocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized immature germ cell acquires the specialized features of a mature female gamete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009996 negative regulation of cell fate specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042659 regulation of cell fate specification Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from adopting a specific cell fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010032 meiotic chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030261 chromosome condensation Compaction of chromatin structure prior to meiosis in eukaryotic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010034 response to acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetate stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010037 response to carbon dioxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon dioxide (CO2) stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010038 response to metal ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010035 response to inorganic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010039 response to iron ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010038 response to metal ion Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron ion stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010070 zygote asymmetric cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008356 asymmetric cell division The division of the zygote into two daughter cells that will adopt developmentally distinct potentials. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010155 regulation of proton transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proton transport into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010171 body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the soma are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010232 vascular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003018 vascular process in circulatory system The directed movement of substances, into, out of or within a cell, either in a vascular tissue or in the vascular membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010389 regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902749 regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition Any signaling pathway that modulates the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010453 regulation of cell fate commitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010454 negative regulation of cell fate commitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010453 regulation of cell fate commitment Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency or rate of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010455 positive regulation of cell fate commitment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency or rate of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010456 cell proliferation in dorsal spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061351 neural precursor cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the dorsal spinal cord cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010470 regulation of gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045995 regulation of embryonic development Any process that modulates the rate or extent of gastrulation. Gastrulation is the complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010481 epidermal cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division Any process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of an epidermal cell, any of the cells making up the epidermis, into daughter cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010482 regulation of epidermal cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051302 regulation of cell division Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of an epidermal cell into daughter cells. An epidermal cell is any of the cells that make up the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010496 intercellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The movement of substances between cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010506 regulation of autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031329 regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010507 negative regulation of autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010508 positive regulation of autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010506 regulation of autophagy Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010543 regulation of platelet activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050865 regulation of cell activation Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010544 negative regulation of platelet activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030195 negative regulation of blood coagulation Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010549 regulation of membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of membrane disassembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010559 regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903018 regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010560 positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903020 positive regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010561 negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903019 negative regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010562 positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051174 regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010563 negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051174 regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010567 regulation of ketone catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031329 regulation of cellular catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a ketone, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010571 positive regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000105 positive regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the DNA-dependent DNA replication that occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms as part of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010572 positive regulation of platelet activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010543 regulation of platelet activation Any process that increases the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010594 regulation of endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010632 regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010595 positive regulation of endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010634 positive regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010596 negative regulation of endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010633 negative regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010611 regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043502 regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010612 regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043502 regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that modulates the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010613 positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014742 positive regulation of muscle hypertrophy Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010614 negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014741 negative regulation of muscle hypertrophy Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010615 positive regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014744 positive regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that increases the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010616 negative regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014745 negative regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that decreases the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010623 programmed cell death involved in cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process The activation of endogenous cellular processes that result in the death of a cell as part of its development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010624 regulation of Schwann cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060251 regulation of glial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010625 positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060252 positive regulation of glial cell proliferation Any process that increases the frequency or rate of the multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010626 negative regulation of Schwann cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060253 negative regulation of glial cell proliferation Any process that decreases the frequency or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010628 positive regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010557 positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010632 regulation of epithelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010633 negative regulation of epithelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010632 regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010634 positive regulation of epithelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010632 regulation of epithelial cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010639 negative regulation of organelle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010647 positive regulation of cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010648 negative regulation of cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010646 regulation of cell communication Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010656 negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010660 regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010657 muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010658 striated muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010657 muscle cell apoptotic process A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death. Striated muscle cells make up striated muscle fibers which are divided by transverse bands into striations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010659 cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010658 striated muscle cell apoptotic process A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010660 regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010661 positive regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process Any process that increases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010662 regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010660 regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010663 positive regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010662 regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that increases the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010664 negative regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010662 regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that decreases the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010665 regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010662 regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010666 positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010665 regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that increases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010667 negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010665 regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process Any process that decreases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010692 regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010921 regulation of phosphatase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alkaline phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010693 negative regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010923 negative regulation of phosphatase activity Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of alkaline phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010694 positive regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010922 positive regulation of phosphatase activity Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of alkaline phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010700 negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033604 negative regulation of catecholamine secretion Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010701 positive regulation of norepinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033605 positive regulation of catecholamine secretion Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010710 regulation of collagen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010712 regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010711 negative regulation of collagen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010713 negative regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010712 regulation of collagen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010713 negative regulation of collagen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010712 regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010714 positive regulation of collagen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010712 regulation of collagen metabolic process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010715 regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903053 regulation of extracellular matrix organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010716 negative regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010715 regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010717 regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010718 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010719 negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010717 regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010721 negative regulation of cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010725 regulation of primitive erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045646 regulation of erythrocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of primitive erythrocyte differentiation. Primitive erythrocyte differentiation occurs as part of the process of primitive hemopoiesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010758 regulation of macrophage chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905521 regulation of macrophage migration Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010759 positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905523 positive regulation of macrophage migration Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010760 negative regulation of macrophage chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905522 negative regulation of macrophage migration Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010761 fibroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001667 ameboidal-type cell migration Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a fibroblast pseudopodium. A fibroblast is a connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010762 regulation of fibroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010763 positive regulation of fibroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010762 regulation of fibroblast migration Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010764 negative regulation of fibroblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010762 regulation of fibroblast migration Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010765 positive regulation of sodium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043270 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010766 negative regulation of sodium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043271 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010770 positive regulation of cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022604 regulation of cell morphogenesis Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010771 negative regulation of cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022604 regulation of cell morphogenesis Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing to cell differentiation. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010816 calcitonin catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043171 peptide catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide calcitonin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010818 T cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072678 T cell migration The directed movement of a T cell in response to an external stimulus. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010819 regulation of T cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000404 regulation of T cell migration Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of T cell chemotaxis. T cell chemotaxis is the directed movement of a T cell in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010820 positive regulation of T cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140131 positive regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of T cell chemotaxis. T cell chemotaxis is the directed movement of a T cell in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010821 regulation of mitochondrion organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010822 positive regulation of mitochondrion organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010821 regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010823 negative regulation of mitochondrion organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010821 regulation of mitochondrion organization Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010827 regulation of glucose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034762 regulation of transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010828 positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010827 regulation of glucose transmembrane transport Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010829 negative regulation of glucose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010827 regulation of glucose transmembrane transport Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010830 regulation of myotube differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051153 regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010831 positive regulation of myotube differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051155 positive regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010832 negative regulation of myotube differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051154 negative regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010837 regulation of keratinocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010838 positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010837 regulation of keratinocyte proliferation Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010839 negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010837 regulation of keratinocyte proliferation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010842 retina layer formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process in which the vertebrate retina is organized into three laminae: the outer nuclear layer (ONL), which contains photoreceptor nuclei; the inner nuclear layer (INL), which contains amacrine, bipolar and horizontal cells; and the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer. Between the inner and outer nuclear layers, the outer plexiform layer (OPL) contains connections between the photoreceptors and bipolar and horizontal cells. The inner plexiform layer (IPL) is positioned between the INL and the ganglion cell layer and contains the dendrites of RGCs and processes of bipolar and amacrine cells. Spanning all layers of the retina are the radially oriented Mueller glia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010874 regulation of cholesterol efflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032374 regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux is the directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010875 positive regulation of cholesterol efflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032376 positive regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux is the directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010892 positive regulation of mitochondrial translation in response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070131 positive regulation of mitochondrial translation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010893 positive regulation of steroid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050810 regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010894 negative regulation of steroid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051055 negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010907 positive regulation of glucose metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045913 positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010911 regulation of isomerase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that modulates the activity of an isomerase. An isomerase catalyzes the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010912 positive regulation of isomerase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010911 regulation of isomerase activity Any process that increases the activity of an isomerase. An isomerase catalyzes the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010921 regulation of phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051336 regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of phosphatase activity. Phosphatases catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010922 positive regulation of phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051345 positive regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that increases the rate or frequency of phosphatase activity. Phosphatases catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010923 negative regulation of phosphatase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051346 negative regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of phosphatase activity. Phosphatases catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010934 macrophage cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061082 myeloid leukocyte cytokine production The appearance of a macrophage cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010935 regulation of macrophage cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002718 regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010936 negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010935 regulation of macrophage cytokine production Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010937 regulation of cytoplasmic microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031114 regulation of microtubule depolymerization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic microtubule depolymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010938 cytoplasmic microtubule depolymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031122 cytoplasmic microtubule organization The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of a cytoplasmic microtubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010948 negative regulation of cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045786 negative regulation of cell cycle Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010949 negative regulation of intestinal phytosterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904730 negative regulation of intestinal lipid absorption Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of phytosterols into the blood by absorption from the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010955 negative regulation of protein processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903318 negative regulation of protein maturation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of protein maturation by peptide bond cleavage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010958 regulation of amino acid import across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903789 regulation of amino acid transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amino acid import into a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010960 magnesium ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of magnesium ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010966 regulation of phosphate transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphate transport. Phosphate transport is the directed movement of phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010968 regulation of microtubule nucleation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031113 regulation of microtubule polymerization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of microtubule nucleation. Microtubule nucleation is the 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010971 positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902751 positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition Any signaling pathway that activates or increases the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010972 negative regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902750 negative regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition Any signaling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010973 positive regulation of division septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901893 positive regulation of cell septum assembly Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of division septum formation. division septum formation is the assembly and arrangement of a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010974 negative regulation of division septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901892 negative regulation of cell septum assembly Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of division septum formation. division septum formation is he assembly and arrangement of a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010975 regulation of neuron projection development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120035 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010976 positive regulation of neuron projection development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031346 positive regulation of cell projection organization Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010977 negative regulation of neuron projection development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010975 regulation of neuron projection development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012506 vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014002 astrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021782 glial cell development The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014003 oligodendrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021782 glial cell development The process aimed at the progression of an oligodendrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014009 glial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of glial cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Glial cells exist throughout the nervous system, and include Schwann cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes among others. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014010 Schwann cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014009 glial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014011 Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014010 Schwann cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population in response to an axonal lesion. The newly generated Schwann cells support subsequent axon regeneration in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014012 peripheral nervous system axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031103 axon regeneration The regrowth of axons outside the central nervous system (outside the brain and spinal cord) following an axonal injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014013 regulation of gliogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050767 regulation of neurogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gliogenesis, the formation of mature glia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014014 negative regulation of gliogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014013 regulation of gliogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gliogenesis, the formation of mature glia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014015 positive regulation of gliogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014013 regulation of gliogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gliogenesis, the formation of mature glia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014016 neuroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuroblast. There are at least four stages through which the pluripotent cells of epiblast or blastula become neuroblasts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014019 neuroblast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process aimed at the progression of a neuroblast over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific state, to the mature neuroblast. It does not include processes where the neuroblast turns into a glial cell or a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014023 neural rod formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of a solid rod of neurectoderm derived from the neural keel. The neural rod is roughly circular in cross section. Neural rod formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014025 neural keel formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of a thickened region of the neurectoderm that is roughly triangular in cross section. The neural keel develops from the neural plate and develops into the neural rod. Neural keel formation occurs during primary neurulation in teleosts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014028 notochord formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of the notochord from the chordamesoderm. The notochord is composed of large cells packed within a firm connective tissue sheath and is found in all chordates at the ventral surface of the neural tube. In vertebrates, the notochord contributes to the vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014029 neural crest formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation procedes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014031 mesenchymal cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process aimed at the progression of a mesenchymal cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014033 neural crest cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048863 stem cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neural crest cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014037 Schwann cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010001 glial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a Schwann cell. Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous system, where they insulate neurons and axons, and regulate the environment in which neurons function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014038 regulation of Schwann cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045685 regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014039 negative regulation of Schwann cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045686 negative regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014040 positive regulation of Schwann cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045687 positive regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014041 regulation of neuron maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation, the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a neuron. This process is independent of morphogenetic change. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014042 positive regulation of neuron maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903431 positive regulation of cell maturation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014043 negative regulation of neuron maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903430 negative regulation of cell maturation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014044 Schwann cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021782 glial cell development The process aimed at the progression of a Schwann cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous system, where they insulate neurons and axons, and regulate the environment in which neurons function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014046 dopamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015872 dopamine transport The regulated release of dopamine by a cell. Dopamine is a catecholamine and a precursor of adrenaline and noradrenaline. It acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system but it is also produced peripherally and acts as a hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014047 glutamate secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015800 acidic amino acid transport The controlled release of glutamate by a cell. The glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014048 regulation of glutamate secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903530 regulation of secretion by cell Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014049 positive regulation of glutamate secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014048 regulation of glutamate secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014050 negative regulation of glutamate secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014048 regulation of glutamate secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014051 gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015812 gamma-aminobutyric acid transport The regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid by a cell or a tissue. The gamma-aminobutyric acid is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain but is also found in several extraneural tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014052 regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051046 regulation of secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014053 negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014052 regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014054 positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014052 regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014055 acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061526 acetylcholine secretion The regulated release of acetylcholine by a cell. The acetylcholine acts as a neurotransmitter that acts in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014056 regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051952 regulation of amine transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014057 positive regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051954 positive regulation of amine transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014058 negative regulation of acetylcholine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051953 negative regulation of amine transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014059 regulation of dopamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903530 regulation of secretion by cell Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014060 regulation of epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051046 regulation of secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014061 regulation of norepinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050433 regulation of catecholamine secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of norepinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014062 regulation of serotonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043269 regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of serotonin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014063 negative regulation of serotonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043271 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of serotonin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014064 positive regulation of serotonin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043270 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of serotonin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014069 postsynaptic density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099572 postsynaptic specialization An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymmetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014070 response to organic cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010033 response to organic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014074 response to purine-containing compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014070 response to organic cyclic compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a purine-containing compound stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014725 regulation of extraocular skeletal muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048641 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extraocular skeletal muscle development. Extraocular skeletal muscle development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the extraocular skeletal muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The extraocular muscle is derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014726 negative regulation of extraocular skeletal muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048642 negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extraocular skeletal muscle development. Extraocular skeletal muscle development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the extraocular skeletal muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The extraocular muscle is derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014727 positive regulation of extraocular skeletal muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048643 positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extraocular skeletal muscle development. Extraocular skeletal muscle development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the extraocular skeletal muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The extraocular muscle is derived from cranial mesoderm and controls eye movements. The muscle begins its development with the differentiation of the muscle cells and ends with the mature muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014733 regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043502 regulation of muscle adaptation Any process in which skeletal muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014734 skeletal muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043501 skeletal muscle adaptation The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size (not length) of individual muscle fibers without cell division. In the case of skeletal muscle cells this happens due to the additional synthesis of sarcomeric proteins and assembly of myofibrils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014741 negative regulation of muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014743 regulation of muscle hypertrophy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014742 positive regulation of muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014743 regulation of muscle hypertrophy Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014743 regulation of muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090257 regulation of muscle system process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle hypertrophy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014744 positive regulation of muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043502 regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle adaptation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014745 negative regulation of muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043502 regulation of muscle adaptation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of muscle adaptation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014805 smooth muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043500 muscle adaptation Any process in which smooth muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014807 regulation of somitogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of somitogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014812 muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016477 cell migration The orderly movement of a muscle cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014819 regulation of skeletal muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006942 regulation of striated muscle contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014821 phasic smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006939 smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within phasic smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. In the phasic smooth muscle, the muscle contraction occurs without an ordered sarcomeric structure. Phasic smooth muscle contraction occurs in a series of discrete contractions and relaxations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014827 intestine smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014831 gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the intestine. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The intestine is the section of the alimentary canal from the stomach to the anal canal. It includes the large intestine and small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014831 gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006939 smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the gastro-intestinal system. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The gastro-intestinal system generally refers to the digestive structures stretching from the mouth to anus, but does not include the accessory glandular organs (liver, pancreas and biliary tract). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014832 urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014848 urinary tract smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the urinary bladder. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The urinary bladder is a musculomembranous sac along the urinary tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014835 myoblast differentiation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045445 myoblast differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized satellite cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014839 myoblast migration involved in skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051451 myoblast migration The process in which a myoblast migrates along an entire fiber to the site of injury. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014841 skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014856 skeletal muscle cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of satellite cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. Satellite cells are quiescent cells that are located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of the muscle fiber, which are the main contributors to postnatal muscle growth. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014842 regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014857 regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014848 urinary tract smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006939 smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the urinary tract. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The urinary tract consists of organs of the body that produce and discharge urine. These include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014849 ureter smooth muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014848 urinary tract smooth muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the ureter. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The ureter is one of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the kidney pelvis to the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014852 regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by neural stimulation via neuromuscular junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014819 regulation of skeletal muscle contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction by variation of the pattern of stimulation by nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014853 regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential involved in skeletal muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098815 modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential Any process, involved in skeletal muscle contraction, that modulates the establishment or extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). Excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is a temporay increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014855 striated muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033002 muscle cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of striated muscle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Striated muscles contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014856 skeletal muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014855 striated muscle cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of skeletal muscle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014857 regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014858 positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014857 regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014859 negative regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014857 regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014860 neurotransmitter secretion involved in regulation of skeletal muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007269 neurotransmitter secretion The regulated release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft involved in skeletal muscle contraction. A neurotransmitter is any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. Among the many substances that have the properties of a neurotransmitter are acetylcholine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, glycine, gamma aminobutyrate, glutamic acid, substance P, enkephalins, endorphins and serotonin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014861 regulation of skeletal muscle contraction via regulation of action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098900 regulation of action potential Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction by depolarization of muscle membrane and ionic fluxes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014866 skeletal myofibril assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030239 myofibril assembly The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeletal myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A skeletal myofibril is a myofibril specific to skeletal muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014872 myoblast division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a myoblast into daughter cells. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014874 response to stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014878 response to electrical stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051602 response to electrical stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014879 detection of electrical stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050981 detection of electrical stimulus The series of events by which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014887 cardiac muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014888 striated muscle adaptation The process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014888 striated muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043500 muscle adaptation Any process in which striated muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014895 smooth muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014805 smooth muscle adaptation The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size of its smooth muscle cells without cell division. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development, and can also occur in mature structures on demand. In the uterus, smooth muscle cells undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014904 myotube cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055002 striated muscle cell development The process aimed at the progression of a myotube cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014905 myoblast fusion involved in skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007520 myoblast fusion A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts, after migrating to the site of injury, fuse into existing damaged fibers or fuse to myotubes to form new fibers, as part of the process of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014906 myotube cell development involved in skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014904 myotube cell development The process aimed at the progression of a myotube cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. This occurs as part of the process of skeletal muscle regeneration. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014908 myotube differentiation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014902 myotube differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotube differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual myotubes can fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract. This process occurs as part of the process of skeletal muscle regeneration. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014909 smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014812 muscle cell migration The orderly movement of a smooth muscle cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014910 regulation of smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030334 regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014911 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014910 regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014912 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014910 regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015030 Cajal body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016604 nuclear body A class of nuclear body, first seen after silver staining by Ramon y Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015101 organic cation transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of organic cations from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that contain carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015106 bicarbonate transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008514 organic anion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of bicarbonate from one side of a membrane to the other. Bicarbonate is the hydrogencarbonate ion, HCO3-. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015123 acetate transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046943 carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of acetate from one side of a membrane to the other. Acetate is the 2-carbon carboxylic acid ethanoic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015125 bile acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901618 organic hydroxy compound transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of bile acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Bile acids are any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015127 bilirubin transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046943 carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of bilirubin from one side of a membrane to the other. Bilirubin is a linear tetrapyrrole produced in the reticuloendothelial system from biliverdin and transported to the liver as a complex with serum albumin. In the liver, bilirubin is converted to bilirubin bisglucuronide, which is excreted in the bile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015144 carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of carbohydrate from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015145 monosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051119 sugar transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a monosaccharide from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015146 pentose transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015145 monosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a pentose sugar from one side of a membrane to the other. Pentose is a monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015159 polysaccharide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022884 macromolecule transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of polysaccharides from one side of a membrane to the other. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015207 adenine transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005345 purine nucleobase transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of adenine, 6-aminopurine, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015211 purine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005337 nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a purine nucleoside, a purine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015267 channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022803 passive transmembrane transporter activity Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel. Stereospecificity is not exhibited but this transport may be specific for a particular molecular species or class of molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015269 calcium-activated potassium channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity Enables the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of potassium ions across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015293 symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015291 secondary active transmembrane transporter activity Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015318 inorganic molecular entity transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of an inorganic molecular entity from the outside of a cell to the inside of the cell across a membrane. An inorganic molecular entity is a molecular entity that contains no carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015377 chloride:monoatomic cation symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015296 monoatomic anion:monoatomic cation symporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: cation(out) + Cl-(out) = cation(in) + Cl-(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015379 potassium:chloride symporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015377 chloride:monoatomic cation symporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015385 sodium:proton antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051139 metal cation:proton antiporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015399 primary active transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022804 active transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical such as ATP hydrolysis, redox energy and photon energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015451 decarboxylation-driven active transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015399 primary active transmembrane transporter activity Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane driven by decarboxylation of a cytoplasmic substrate. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015452 methyl transfer-driven active transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015399 primary active transmembrane transporter activity Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane driven by a methyl transfer reaction. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015453 oxidoreduction-driven active transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015399 primary active transmembrane transporter activity Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by exothermic flow of electrons from a reduced substrate to an oxidized substrate. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015499 formate transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046943 carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of formate from one side of a membrane to the other. Formate is also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015591 D-ribose transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015146 pentose transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of D-ribose from one side of a membrane to the other. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015636 short-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015245 fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of short-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015651 quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015101 organic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of quaternary ammonium groups from one side of a membrane to the other. Quaternary ammonium groups are any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015665 alcohol transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901618 organic hydroxy compound transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of an alcohol from one side of a membrane to the other. An alcohol is any carbon compound that contains a hydroxyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015669 gas transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of substances that are gaseous in normal living conditions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015670 carbon dioxide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019755 one-carbon compound transport The directed movement of carbon dioxide (CO2) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015695 organic cation transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of organic cations into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015701 bicarbonate transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015711 organic anion transport The directed movement of bicarbonate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015721 bile acid and bile salt transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015849 organic acid transport The directed movement of bile acid and bile salts into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015723 bilirubin transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006835 dicarboxylic acid transport The directed movement of bilirubin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015724 formate transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015718 monocarboxylic acid transport The directed movement of formate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015749 monosaccharide transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034219 carbohydrate transmembrane transport The process in which a monosaccharide is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015750 pentose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015749 monosaccharide transmembrane transport The process in which pentose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. A pentose is any aldose with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015752 D-ribose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015750 pentose transmembrane transport The process in which D-ribose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015774 polysaccharide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008643 carbohydrate transport The directed movement of polysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015800 acidic amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006865 amino acid transport The directed movement of acidic amino acids, amino acids with a pH below 7, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015807 L-amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of L-enantiomer amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015812 gamma-aminobutyric acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015849 organic acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015853 adenine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006863 purine nucleobase transport The directed movement of adenine, 6-aminopurine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015858 nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901264 carbohydrate derivative transport The directed movement of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide), into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015859 intracellular nucleoside transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015858 nucleoside transport The directed movement of a nucleoside, a nucleobase linked to either beta-D-ribofuranose (ribonucleoside) or 2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranose, (a deoxyribonucleotide), within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015860 purine nucleoside transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072530 purine-containing compound transmembrane transport The process in which a purine nucleoside is transported across a membrane. A purine nucleoside is a purine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015866 ADP transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015711 organic anion transport The directed movement of ADP, adenosine diphosphate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015868 purine ribonucleotide transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901264 carbohydrate derivative transport The directed movement of a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside (a purine organic base attached to a ribose sugar) esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015869 protein-DNA complex transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031503 protein-containing complex localization The directed movement of protein-DNA complexes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015870 acetylcholine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901374 acetate ester transport The directed movement of acetylcholine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015871 choline transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015695 organic cation transport The directed movement of choline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015872 dopamine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of dopamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015874 norepinephrine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051937 catecholamine transport The directed movement of norepinephrine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015912 short-chain fatty acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015908 fatty acid transport The directed movement of short-chain fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015913 short-chain fatty acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015912 short-chain fatty acid transport The directed movement of short-chain fatty acids into a cell or organelle. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015918 sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of sterols into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Sterols are steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015942 formate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032787 monocarboxylic acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015943 formate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015942 formate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016053 organic acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044283 small molecule biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016054 organic acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044282 small molecule catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016057 regulation of membrane potential in photoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042391 regulation of membrane potential Hyperpolarization (vertebrates) or depolarization (invertebrates) of the photoreceptor cell membrane via closing/opening of cation specific channels as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016079 synaptic vesicle exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099003 vesicle-mediated transport in synapse Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016125 sterol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016174 NAD(P)H oxidase H2O2-forming activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050664 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, oxygen as acceptor Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016202 regulation of striated muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901861 regulation of muscle tissue development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016206 catechol O-methyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008757 S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a catechol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a guaiacol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016239 positive regulation of macroautophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016241 regulation of macroautophagy Any process, such as recognition of nutrient depletion, that activates or increases the rate of macroautophagy to bring cytosolic macromolecules to the vacuole/lysosome for degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016241 regulation of macroautophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010506 regulation of autophagy Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016242 negative regulation of macroautophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016241 regulation of macroautophagy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016321 female meiosis chromosome segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a female. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016322 neuron remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042551 neuron maturation The developmentally regulated remodeling of neuronal projections such as pruning to eliminate the extra dendrites and axons projections set up in early stages of nervous system development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016525 negative regulation of angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000181 negative regulation of blood vessel morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016528 sarcoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016529 sarcoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005783 endoplasmic reticulum A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016597 amino acid binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043177 organic acid binding Binding to an amino acid, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016604 nuclear body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016605 PML body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016604 nuclear body A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016607 nuclear speck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016604 nuclear body A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016746 acyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016748 succinyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016747 acyltransferase activity, transferring groups other than amino-acyl groups Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl (3-carboxypropanoyl) group to an acceptor molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016757 glycosyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016769 transferase activity, transferring nitrogenous groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a nitrogenous group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016772 transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016740 transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016817 hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016787 hydrolase activity Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016877 ligase activity, forming carbon-sulfur bonds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016874 ligase activity Catalysis of the joining of two molecules via a carbon-sulfur bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017046 peptide hormone binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042277 peptide binding Binding to a peptide with hormonal activity in animals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017085 response to insecticide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009636 response to toxic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insecticide stimulus. Insecticides are chemicals used to kill insects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017126 nucleologenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044085 cellular component biogenesis A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017145 stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051301 cell division The self-renewing division of a stem cell. A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell, in the embryo or adult, that can undergo unlimited division and give rise to one or several different cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018146 keratan sulfate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042339 keratan sulfate metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018193 peptidyl-amino acid modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036211 protein modification process The alteration of an amino acid residue in a peptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019605 butyrate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046459 short-chain fatty acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any butyrate, the anions of butyric acid (butanoic acid), a saturated, unbranched aliphatic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019654 acetate fermentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006113 fermentation The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019755 one-carbon compound transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of one-carbon compounds into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019827 stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098727 maintenance of cell number The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019867 outer membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane The external membrane of Gram-negative bacteria or certain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts; freely permeable to most ions and metabolites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021782 glial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process aimed at the progression of a glial cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022406 membrane docking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The initial attachment of a membrane or protein to a target membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022604 regulation of cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis. Cell morphogenesis is the developmental process in which the shape of a cell is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022617 extracellular matrix disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030198 extracellular matrix organization A process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022803 passive transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a single solute from one side of a membrane to the other by a mechanism involving conformational change, either by facilitated diffusion or in a membrane potential dependent process if the solute is charged. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022804 active transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022834 ligand-gated channel activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022836 gated channel activity Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022853 active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022804 active transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute's concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022884 macromolecule transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a macromolecule from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022890 inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015318 inorganic molecular entity transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of inorganic cations from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022900 electron transport chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006091 generation of precursor metabolites and energy A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030166 proteoglycan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009101 glycoprotein biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030168 platelet activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030193 regulation of blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900046 regulation of hemostasis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030195 negative regulation of blood coagulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030193 regulation of blood coagulation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030198 extracellular matrix organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045229 external encapsulating structure organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030204 chondroitin sulfate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903510 mucopolysaccharide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving chondroitin sulfate, any member of a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues, the repeat units of which consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate. They usually occur linked to a protein to form proteoglycans. Two subgroups exist, one in which the sulfate is on the 4-position (chondroitin sulfate A) and the second in which it is in the 6-position (chondroitin sulfate C). They often are polydisperse and often differ in the degree of sulfation from tissue to tissue. The chains of repeating disaccharide are covalently linked to the side chains of serine residues in the polypeptide backbone of a protein by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide unit galactosyl-galactosyl-xylosyl. Chondroitin sulfate B is more usually known as dermatan sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030225 macrophage differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903131 mononuclear cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a macrophage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030239 myofibril assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140694 non-membrane-bounded organelle assembly Formation of myofibrils, the repeating units of striated muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030301 cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015918 sterol transport The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030397 membrane disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization The controlled breakdown of any cell membrane in the context of a normal process such as autophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030574 collagen catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032963 collagen metabolic process The proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix, usually carried out by proteases secreted by nearby cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030658 transport vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a transport vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030660 Golgi-associated vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030705 cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport The directed movement of substances along cytoskeletal fibers such as microfilaments or microtubules within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030951 establishment or maintenance of microtubule cytoskeleton polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030952 establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized microtubule-based cytoskeletal structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031032 actomyosin structure organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030036 actin cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures containing both actin and myosin or paramyosin. The myosin may be organized into filaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031103 axon regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048678 response to axon injury The regrowth of axons following their loss or damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031113 regulation of microtubule polymerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031110 regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031122 cytoplasmic microtubule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031330 negative regulation of cellular catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009895 negative regulation of catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031344 regulation of cell projection organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031346 positive regulation of cell projection organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031347 regulation of defense response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080134 regulation of response to stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031514 motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005929 cilium A cilium which may have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. It may beat with a whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface, such as on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues; or they may display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization. Motile cilia can be found in single as well as multiple copies per cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031672 A band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031982 vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043227 membrane-bounded organelle Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032056 positive regulation of translation in response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045727 positive regulation of translation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048585 negative regulation of response to stimulus Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032108 negative regulation of response to nutrient levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032107 regulation of response to nutrient levels Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032222 regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032223 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032222 regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032224 positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032222 regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032279 asymmetric synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098984 neuron to neuron synapse A type of synapse occurring between an axon and a dendritic spine or dendritic shaft. Asymmetric synapses, the most abundant synapse type in the central nervous system, involve axons that contain predominantly spherical vesicles and contain a thickened postsynaptic density. Most or all synapses of this type are excitatory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032372 negative regulation of sterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032371 regulation of sterol transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032374 regulation of cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032371 regulation of sterol transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032376 positive regulation of cholesterol transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032374 regulation of cholesterol transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032412 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022898 regulation of transmembrane transporter activity Any process that modulates the activity of an ion transporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032413 negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032412 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an ion transporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032535 regulation of cellular component size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090066 regulation of anatomical structure size A process that modulates the size of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032553 ribonucleotide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097367 carbohydrate derivative binding Binding to a ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032769 negative regulation of monooxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051354 negative regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a monooxygenase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032782 bile acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046717 acid secretion The regulated release of bile acid, composed of any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, by a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032869 cellular response to insulin stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071375 cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032870 cellular response to hormone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071495 cellular response to endogenous stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032879 regulation of localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032885 regulation of polysaccharide biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032881 regulation of polysaccharide metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032955 regulation of division septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901891 regulation of cell septum assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of division septum formation. Division septum formation is the assembly and arrangement of a septum that spans the plasma membrane interface between progeny cells following cytokinesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032963 collagen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. Collagen is highly enriched in glycine (some regions are 33% glycine) and proline, occurring predominantly as 3-hydroxyproline (about 20%). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033002 muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The expansion of a muscle cell population by cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033018 sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005788 endoplasmic reticulum lumen The volume enclosed by the membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033047 regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033045 regulation of sister chromatid segregation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid segregation during mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033262 regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090329 regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of The DNA-dependent DNA replication that occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms as part of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033273 response to vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007584 response to nutrient Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033344 cholesterol efflux http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030301 cholesterol transport The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033604 negative regulation of catecholamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051953 negative regulation of amine transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a catecholamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033605 positive regulation of catecholamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051954 positive regulation of amine transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a catecholamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033993 response to lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010033 response to organic substance Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034219 carbohydrate transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The process in which a carbohydrate is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034220 monoatomic ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport A process in which a monoatomic ion is transported across a membrane. Monatomic ions (also called simple ions) are ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034284 response to monosaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009743 response to carbohydrate Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monosaccharide stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034654 nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901362 organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035303 regulation of dephosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019220 regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035305 negative regulation of dephosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045936 negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process the stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035306 positive regulation of dephosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035303 regulation of dephosphorylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035435 phosphate ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098661 inorganic anion transmembrane transport The process in which a phosphate is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035835 indole alkaloid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009821 alkaloid biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an indole alkaloid, an alkaloid containing an indole skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035914 skeletal muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a skeletal muscle cell, a somatic cell located in skeletal muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038187 pattern recognition receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity Combining with a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), a structure conserved among microbial species to initiate an innate immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042063 gliogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022008 neurogenesis The process that results in the generation of glial cells. This includes the production of glial progenitors and their differentiation into mature glia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042166 acetylcholine binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding Binding to acetylcholine, an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline that functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042214 terpene metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120252 hydrocarbon metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving terpenes, any of a large group of hydrocarbons that are made up of isoprene (C5H8) units which may be cyclic, acyclic or multicyclic, saturated or unsaturated, and may contain various functional groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042339 keratan sulfate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903510 mucopolysaccharide metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving keratan sulfate, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat units consisting of beta-1,4-linked D-galactopyranosyl-beta-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulfate and with variable amounts of fucose, sialic acid and mannose units; keratan sulfate chains are covalently linked by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylose to peptidyl-threonine or serine residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042435 indole-containing compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042445 hormone metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010817 regulation of hormone levels The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042455 ribonucleoside biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009163 nucleoside biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine or pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042491 inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060113 inner ear receptor cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized inner cell acquires specialized features of an auditory hair cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042551 neuron maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a neuron to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042659 regulation of cell fate specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010453 regulation of cell fate commitment Any process that mediates the adoption of a specific fate by a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042660 positive regulation of cell fate specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042659 regulation of cell fate specification Any process that activates or enables a cell to adopt a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042742 defense response to bacterium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098542 defense response to other organism Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042749 regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the circadian sleep/wake cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042753 positive regulation of circadian rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042752 regulation of circadian rhythm Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042762 regulation of sulfur metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfur, the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042923 neuropeptide binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042277 peptide binding Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with neuropeptides, peptides with direct synaptic effects (peptide neurotransmitters) or indirect modulatory effects on the nervous system (peptide neuromodulators). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043068 positive regulation of programmed cell death Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043067 regulation of programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043068 positive regulation of programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043169 cation binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043167 ion binding Binding to a cation, a charged atom or group of atoms with a net positive charge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043200 response to amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043228 non-membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043269 regulation of monoatomic ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043270 positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043271 negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043279 response to alkaloid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010243 response to organonitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkaloid stimulus. Alkaloids are a large group of nitrogenous substances found in naturally in plants, many of which have extracts that are pharmacologically active. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043403 skeletal muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042246 tissue regeneration The regrowth of skeletal muscle tissue to repair injured or damaged muscle fibers in the postnatal stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043415 positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043416 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration Any process that activates or increase the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043416 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043462 regulation of ATP-dependent activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function Any process that modulates the rate of an ATP-dependent activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043501 skeletal muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014888 striated muscle adaptation Any process in which skeletal muscles change their phenotypic profiles in response to altered functional demands and a variety of signals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043502 regulation of muscle adaptation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle adaptation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043542 endothelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration The orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043616 keratinocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Keratinocytes are epidermal cells which synthesize keratin and undergo a characteristic change as they move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044085 cellular component biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cellular component. Includes biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044089 positive regulation of cellular component biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular component biogenesis, a process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044091 membrane biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044085 cellular component biogenesis A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044242 cellular lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044255 cellular lipid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, as carried out by individual cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044291 cell-cell contact zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005911 cell-cell junction Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044419 biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process evolved to enable an interaction with an organism of a different species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044743 protein transmembrane import into intracellular organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071806 protein transmembrane transport The directed movement of proteins into an intracellular organelle, across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044771 meiotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044770 cell cycle phase transition The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next meiotic cell cycle phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045117 azole transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of azoles, heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances, across a lipid bilayer, across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045137 development of primary sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. The primary sexual characteristics are the testes in males and the ovaries in females and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045184 establishment of protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051234 establishment of localization The directed movement of a protein to a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045229 external encapsulating structure organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of external structures that lie outside the plasma membrane and surround the entire cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045333 cellular respiration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015980 energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045445 myoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045608 negative regulation of inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000981 negative regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045646 regulation of erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045637 regulation of myeloid cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045649 regulation of macrophage differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002761 regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045650 negative regulation of macrophage differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045649 regulation of macrophage differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045651 positive regulation of macrophage differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045649 regulation of macrophage differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045665 negative regulation of neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045666 positive regulation of neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045685 regulation of glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045686 negative regulation of glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045685 regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045687 positive regulation of glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045685 regulation of glial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045727 positive regulation of translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010628 positive regulation of gene expression Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045733 acetate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072329 monocarboxylic acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, the anion of acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045765 regulation of angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901342 regulation of vasculature development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045785 positive regulation of cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045827 negative regulation of isoprenoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031324 negative regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045828 positive regulation of isoprenoid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031325 positive regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045861 negative regulation of proteolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051248 negative regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045862 positive regulation of proteolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051247 positive regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045912 negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009892 negative regulation of metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045913 positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045934 negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any cellular process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045936 negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010563 negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045939 negative regulation of steroid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045833 negative regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045940 positive regulation of steroid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045834 positive regulation of lipid metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045988 negative regulation of striated muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045932 negative regulation of muscle contraction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045989 positive regulation of striated muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045933 positive regulation of muscle contraction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046112 nucleobase biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901566 organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046137 negative regulation of vitamin metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030656 regulation of vitamin metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046185 aldehyde catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046246 terpene biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042214 terpene metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenes, any of a large group of hydrocarbons made up of isoprene units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046247 terpene catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120253 hydrocarbon catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of terpenes, any of a large group of hydrocarbons made up of isoprene units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046395 carboxylic acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016054 organic acid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046434 organophosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901575 organic substance catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organophosphates, any phosphate-containing organic compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046467 membrane lipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044249 cellular biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046545 development of primary female sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045137 development of primary sexual characteristics The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary female sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structure. The primary female sexual characteristics are the ovaries, and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046546 development of primary male sexual characteristics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045137 development of primary sexual characteristics The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary male sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. The primary male sexual characteristics are the testes, and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046624 sphingolipid transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005319 lipid transporter activity Enables the directed movement of sphingolipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Sphingolipids are a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046825 regulation of protein export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046831 regulation of RNA export from nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046822 regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046836 glycolipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901264 carbohydrate derivative transport The directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046873 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022890 inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046886 positive regulation of hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032352 positive regulation of hormone metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046889 positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009891 positive regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046906 tetrapyrrole binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097159 organic cyclic compound binding Binding to a tetrapyrrole, a compound containing four pyrrole nuclei variously substituted and linked to each other through carbons at the alpha position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046929 negative regulation of neurotransmitter secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903531 negative regulation of secretion by cell Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048242 epinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 secretion The regulated release of epinephrine by a cell. Epinephrine is a catecholamine hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter, released by certain neurons and active in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048243 norepinephrine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050432 catecholamine secretion The regulated release of norepinephrine by a cell. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine and it acts as a hormone and as a neurotransmitter of most of the sympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048246 macrophage chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030595 leukocyte chemotaxis The movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048520 positive regulation of behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050795 regulation of behavior Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050794 regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048570 notochord morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048562 embryonic organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the notochord are generated and organized. The notochord is a mesoderm-derived structure located ventral of the developing nerve cord. In vertebrates, the notochord serves as a core around which other mesodermal cells form the vertebrae. In the most primitive chordates, which lack vertebrae, the notochord persists as a substitute for a vertebral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048581 negative regulation of post-embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051241 negative regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of post-embryonic development. Post-embryonic development is defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048582 positive regulation of post-embryonic development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051240 positive regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of post-embryonic development. Post-embryonic development is defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048628 myoblast maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048469 cell maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a myoblast to attain its fully functional state. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048634 regulation of muscle organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048635 negative regulation of muscle organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048634 regulation of muscle organ development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048636 positive regulation of muscle organ development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048634 regulation of muscle organ development Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of muscle development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048638 regulation of developmental growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048641 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016202 regulation of striated muscle tissue development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048642 negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048641 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048643 positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048641 regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048708 astrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010001 glial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an astrocyte. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048709 oligodendrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010001 glial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an oligodendrocyte. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons of neurons in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048863 stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048864 stem cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stem cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to its specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048878 chemical homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042592 homeostatic process Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a chemical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050432 catecholamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051937 catecholamine transport The regulated release of catecholamines by a cell. The catecholamines are a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050433 regulation of catecholamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051952 regulation of amine transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of catecholamines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050664 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, oxygen as acceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016651 oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an oxygen molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001932 regulation of protein phosphorylation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050731 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050730 regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050767 regulation of neurogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function Any process that modulates the activity of an enzyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050810 regulation of steroid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046890 regulation of lipid biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050832 defense response to fungus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098542 defense response to other organism Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a fungus that act to protect the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050879 multicellular organismal movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process Any physiological process involved in changing the position of a multicellular organism or an anatomical part of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050910 detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process The series of events involved in the perception of sound vibration in which the vibration is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050981 detection of electrical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051602 response to electrical stimulus The series of events by which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050994 regulation of lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009894 regulation of catabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050995 negative regulation of lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050994 regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050996 positive regulation of lipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050994 regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051027 DNA transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050657 nucleic acid transport The directed movement of RNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051035 DNA transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051032 nucleic acid transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032879 regulation of localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051050 positive regulation of transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051051 negative regulation of transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051055 negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009890 negative regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051130 positive regulation of cellular component organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048522 positive regulation of cellular process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051139 metal cation:proton antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140828 metal cation:monoatomic cation antiporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: metal ion(in) + H+(out) = metal ion(out) + H+(in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051146 striated muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042692 muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051153 regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051147 regulation of muscle cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051154 negative regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051153 regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051155 positive regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051153 regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019222 regulation of metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051172 negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051174 regulation of phosphorus metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051176 positive regulation of sulfur metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042762 regulation of sulfur metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfur or compounds containing sulfur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051209 release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051283 negative regulation of sequestering of calcium ion The process in which calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or mitochondria are released into the cytosolic compartment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051213 dioxygenase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016491 oxidoreductase activity Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which both atoms of oxygen from one molecule of O2 are incorporated into the (reduced) product(s) of the reaction. The two atoms of oxygen may be distributed between two different products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051279 regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903169 regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051283 negative regulation of sequestering of calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051282 regulation of sequestering of calcium ion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the binding or confining calcium ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051306 mitotic sister chromatid separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051304 chromosome separation The process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051336 regulation of hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051339 regulation of lyase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051341 regulation of oxidoreductase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050790 regulation of catalytic activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051345 positive regulation of hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051336 regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051346 negative regulation of hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051336 regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that stops or reduces the rate of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051353 positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051341 regulation of oxidoreductase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051450 myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a myoblast cell population. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051451 myoblast migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014812 muscle cell migration The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051494 negative regulation of cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010639 negative regulation of organelle organization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051495 positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051602 response to electrical stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009628 response to abiotic stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051606 detection of stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus The series of events in which a stimulus is received by a cell or organism and converted into a molecular signal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051607 defense response to virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140546 defense response to symbiont Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051640 organelle localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization Any process in which an organelle is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051892 negative regulation of cardioblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051890 regulation of cardioblast differentiation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010959 regulation of metal ion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051926 negative regulation of calcium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051928 positive regulation of calcium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051924 regulation of calcium ion transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051937 catecholamine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015850 organic hydroxy compound transport The directed movement of catecholamines, a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051952 regulation of amine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051953 negative regulation of amine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051952 regulation of amine transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051954 positive regulation of amine transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051952 regulation of amine transport Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amines into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051963 regulation of synapse assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901888 regulation of cell junction assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055002 striated muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055001 muscle cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle cells contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055088 lipid homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048878 chemical homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of lipid within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055117 regulation of cardiac muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008016 regulation of heart contraction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060042 retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the retina is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060048 cardiac muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006941 striated muscle contraction Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060191 regulation of lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051336 regulation of hydrolase activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipase activity, the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060192 negative regulation of lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060191 regulation of lipase activity Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of lipase activity, the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060193 positive regulation of lipase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060191 regulation of lipase activity Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipase activity, the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060251 regulation of glial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060252 positive regulation of glial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060251 regulation of glial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of glial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060253 negative regulation of glial cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060251 regulation of glial cell proliferation Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of glial cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060319 primitive erythrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030218 erythrocyte differentiation Erythrocyte differentiation which occurs as part of the process of primitive hemopoiesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060341 regulation of cellular localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032879 regulation of localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060491 regulation of cell projection assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031344 regulation of cell projection organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cell projection assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060537 muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060627 regulation of vesicle-mediated transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of vesicle-mediated transport, the directed movement of substances, either within a vesicle or in the vesicle membrane, into, out of or within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060696 regulation of phospholipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050994 regulation of lipid catabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of phospholipid catabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060752 intestinal phytosterol absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098856 intestinal lipid absorption Any process in which phytosterols are taken up from the contents of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061515 myeloid cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030097 hemopoiesis The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a myeloid cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061526 acetylcholine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015870 acetylcholine transport The regulated release of acetylcholine by a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061687 detoxification of inorganic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098754 detoxification Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of inorganic compounds. These include transport of such compounds away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of inorganic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065009 regulation of molecular function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070131 positive regulation of mitochondrial translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070129 regulation of mitochondrial translation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA in a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070507 regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032886 regulation of microtubule-based process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070613 regulation of protein processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903317 regulation of protein maturation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing, a protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070727 cellular macromolecule localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051641 cellular localization Any process in which a macromolecule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071071 regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903725 regulation of phospholipid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071072 negative regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903726 negative regulation of phospholipid metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071073 positive regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071071 regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071322 cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009743 response to carbohydrate Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071331 cellular response to hexose stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071326 cellular response to monosaccharide stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hexose stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071333 cellular response to glucose stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071331 cellular response to hexose stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071622 regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002688 regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of granulocyte chemotaxis. Granulocyte chemotaxis is the movement of a granulocyte in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071675 regulation of mononuclear cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002685 regulation of leukocyte migration Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071806 protein transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045184 establishment of protein localization The process in which a protein is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072337 modified amino acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The directed movement of modified amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072488 ammonium transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098662 inorganic cation transmembrane transport The process in which ammonium is transported across a membrane. Ammonium is the cation NH4+. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072530 purine-containing compound transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071705 nitrogen compound transport The process in which a purine-containing compound is transported across a membrane. A purine-containing compound is any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072678 T cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072676 lymphocyte migration The movement of a T cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080134 regulation of response to stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to stress. Response to stress is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0085029 extracellular matrix assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030198 extracellular matrix organization The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the extracellular matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090032 negative regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010894 negative regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045787 positive regulation of cell cycle Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090132 epithelium migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090130 tissue migration The process in which the population of cells that make up an epithelium undergo directed movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097305 response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901700 response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alcohol stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098590 plasma membrane region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane A membrane that is a (regional) part of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098599 palmitoyl hydrolase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016787 hydrolase activity Catalysis of a hydrolase reaction that removes a palmitoyl moiety from some substrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007155 cell adhesion The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098636 protein complex involved in cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex Any protein complex that is capable of carrying out some part of the process of cell adhesion to the cell matrix or to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098655 monoatomic cation transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034220 monoatomic ion transmembrane transport The process in which a monoatomic cation is transported across a membrane. Monatomic cations (also called simple cations) are positively charged ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098656 monoatomic anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034220 monoatomic ion transmembrane transport The process in which a monoatomic anion is transported across a membrane. Monatomic anions (also called simple anions) are negatively charged ions consisting of exactly one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098722 asymmetric stem cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017145 stem cell division Division of a stem cell during which it retains its identity and buds off a daughter cell with a new identity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098727 maintenance of cell number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process Any process by which the numbers of cells of a particular type or in a tissue are maintained. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098754 detoxification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological process Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098815 modulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). EPSP is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098827 endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031984 organelle subcompartment A distinct region of the endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098869 cellular oxidant detoxification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990748 cellular detoxification Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098878 neurotransmitter receptor complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098802 plasma membrane signaling receptor complex Any protein complex that is capable of functioning as a neurotransmitter receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098900 regulation of action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099003 vesicle-mediated transport in synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport Any vesicle-mediated transport that occurs in a synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099111 microtubule-based transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport A microtubule-based process that results in the transport of organelles, other microtubules, or other cellular components. Examples include motor-driven movement along microtubules and movement driven by polymerization or depolymerization of microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099504 synaptic vesicle cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099003 vesicle-mediated transport in synapse A biological process in which synaptic vesicles are loaded with neurotransmitters, move to the active zone, exocytose and are then recycled via endocytosis, ultimately leading to reloading with neurotransmitters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099528 G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004930 G protein-coupled receptor activity Combining with a neurotransmitter and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099572 postsynaptic specialization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0100001 regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014819 regulation of skeletal muscle contraction Any action potential process that regulates skeletal muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900376 regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900378 positive regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900376 regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900619 acetate ester metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an acetate ester, any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900620 acetate ester biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900619 acetate ester metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an acetate esteran acetate ester, any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901264 carbohydrate derivative transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of a carbohydrate derivative into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901292 nucleoside phosphate catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046434 organophosphate catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleoside phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901293 nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034654 nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901374 acetate ester transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071702 organic substance transport The directed movement of an acetate ester into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901404 regulation of tetrapyrrole catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901401 regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole catabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901419 regulation of response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048583 regulation of response to stimulus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901420 negative regulation of response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901419 regulation of response to alcohol Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901421 positive regulation of response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901419 regulation of response to alcohol Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901463 regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901401 regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901616 organic hydroxy compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901615 organic hydroxy compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic hydroxy compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901623 regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000401 regulation of lymphocyte migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901657 glycosyl compound metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901135 carbohydrate derivative metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosyl compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901658 glycosyl compound catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901657 glycosyl compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycosyl compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901659 glycosyl compound biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901657 glycosyl compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosyl compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901679 nucleotide transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The directed movement of nucleotide across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrogen compound stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901702 salt transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022857 transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of salt from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901861 regulation of muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901892 negative regulation of cell septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell septum assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901893 positive regulation of cell septum assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090068 positive regulation of cell cycle process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell septum assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901992 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901989 positive regulation of cell cycle phase transition Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle phase transition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902115 regulation of organelle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033043 regulation of organelle organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of organelle assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902116 negative regulation of organelle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902115 regulation of organelle assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of organelle assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902117 positive regulation of organelle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902115 regulation of organelle assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of organelle assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902358 sulfate transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098661 inorganic anion transmembrane transport The directed movement of sulfate across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902475 L-alpha-amino acid transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015807 L-amino acid transport The directed movement of L-alpha-amino acid across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902476 chloride transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098656 monoatomic anion transmembrane transport The process in which chloride is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902495 transmembrane transporter complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990351 transporter complex A transmembrane protein complex which enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902531 regulation of intracellular signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009966 regulation of signal transduction Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902532 negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902531 regulation of intracellular signal transduction Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902533 positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902531 regulation of intracellular signal transduction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902600 proton transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098655 monoatomic cation transmembrane transport The directed movement of a proton across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902652 secondary alcohol metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006066 alcohol metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving secondary alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902730 positive regulation of proteoglycan biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010560 positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902749 regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901987 regulation of cell cycle phase transition Any signaling pathway that modulates the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902750 negative regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902749 regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition Any signaling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902751 positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902749 regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition Any signaling pathway that activates or increases the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the cell cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902930 regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alcohol biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902931 negative regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902930 regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alcohol biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902932 positive regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902930 regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alcohol biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903018 regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycoprotein metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903019 negative regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903018 regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycoprotein metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903020 positive regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903018 regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glycoprotein metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903305 regulation of regulated secretory pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017157 regulation of exocytosis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of regulated secretory pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903318 negative regulation of protein maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903317 regulation of protein maturation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903319 positive regulation of protein maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903317 regulation of protein maturation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903430 negative regulation of cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010721 negative regulation of cell development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903431 positive regulation of cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010720 positive regulation of cell development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903437 negative regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902413 negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903438 positive regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903490 positive regulation of mitotic cytokinesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903726 negative regulation of phospholipid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045936 negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903828 negative regulation of protein localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a protein localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903959 regulation of monoatomic anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044070 regulation of monoatomic anion transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903960 negative regulation of anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903959 regulation of monoatomic anion transmembrane transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903961 positive regulation of anion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903959 regulation of monoatomic anion transmembrane transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anion transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904062 regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034765 regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cation transmembrane transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904396 regulation of neuromuscular junction development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050807 regulation of synapse organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular junction development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904680 peptide transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042887 amide transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a peptide from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904730 negative regulation of intestinal lipid absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904729 regulation of intestinal lipid absorption Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal lipid absorption. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905521 regulation of macrophage migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071675 regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905522 negative regulation of macrophage migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071676 negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905523 positive regulation of macrophage migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071677 positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905818 regulation of chromosome separation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051983 regulation of chromosome segregation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome separation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000105 positive regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045740 positive regulation of DNA replication Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000181 negative regulation of blood vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901343 negative regulation of vasculature development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000191 regulation of fatty acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032368 regulation of lipid transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000192 negative regulation of fatty acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000191 regulation of fatty acid transport Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000193 positive regulation of fatty acid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000191 regulation of fatty acid transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050789 regulation of biological process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000242 negative regulation of reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000300 regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903305 regulation of regulated secretory pathway Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000301 negative regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000300 regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000302 positive regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000300 regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000404 regulation of T cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000401 regulation of lymphocyte migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000406 positive regulation of T cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000404 regulation of T cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000779 regulation of double-strand break repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006282 regulation of DNA repair Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051938 L-glutamate import http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015800 acidic amino acid transport The directed movement of L-glutamate, the L-enantiomer of the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid, into a cell or organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051966 regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051967 negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051966 regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051968 positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051966 regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051970 negative regulation of transmission of nerve impulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010648 negative regulation of cell communication Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051971 positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010647 positive regulation of cell communication Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055003 cardiac myofibril assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030239 myofibril assembly The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cardiac myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055006 cardiac cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. A cardiac cell is a cell that will form part of the cardiac organ of an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055007 cardiac muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051146 striated muscle cell differentiation The process in which a cardiac muscle precursor cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac muscle cell. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055009 atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055008 cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of cardiac atrium muscle is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055018 regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000725 regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle fiber development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055019 negative regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055018 regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle fiber development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055020 positive regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000727 positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle fiber development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055021 regulation of cardiac muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060420 regulation of heart growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055022 negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061117 negative regulation of heart growth Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055023 positive regulation of cardiac muscle tissue growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060421 positive regulation of heart growth Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle growth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055024 regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016202 regulation of striated muscle tissue development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055025 positive regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055024 regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055026 negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055024 regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055089 fatty acid homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055088 lipid homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of fatty acid within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055091 phospholipid homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055088 lipid homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of phospholipid within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055094 response to lipoprotein particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009719 response to endogenous stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoprotein particle stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055107 Golgi to secretory granule transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to a secretory granule. The secretory granule is a membrane-bounded particle, usually protein, formed in the granular endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055108 Golgi to transport vesicle transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046907 intracellular transport The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to a transport vesicle. Continuously secreted proteins are sorted into transport vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents by exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055111 ingression involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042074 cell migration involved in gastrulation The migration of individual cells into the embryo involved in deuterostomic gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055112 delamination involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060232 delamination The splitting or migration of one epithelial sheet into two involved in the process of deuterostomic gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055118 negative regulation of cardiac muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055117 regulation of cardiac muscle contraction Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055119 relaxation of cardiac muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090075 relaxation of muscle The process in which the extent of cardiac muscle contraction is reduced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055127 vibrational conductance of sound to the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The transmission of vibrations via ossicles to the inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060005 vestibular reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060004 reflex A reflex process in which a response to an angular or linear acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the inner ear and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060007 linear vestibuloocular reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060005 vestibular reflex A vestibular reflex by which a response to a linear acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the otolith and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060008 Sertoli cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Sertoli cell. A Sertoli cell is a supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060009 Sertoli cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a Sertoli cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a Sertoli cell fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060011 Sertoli cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of Sertoli cells, resulting in the expansion of the Sertoli cell population. A Sertoli cell is a supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060014 granulosa cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a granulosa cell, a supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060016 granulosa cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002064 epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a granulosa cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a granulosa cell fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060017 parathyroid gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the parathyroid gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parathyroid gland is an organ specialised for secretion of parathyroid hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060020 Bergmann glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048708 astrocyte differentiation The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to Brgmann glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the cerebellum. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060021 roof of mouth development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the roof of the mouth from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The roof of the mouth is the partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060022 hard palate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hard palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. The hard palate is the anterior portion of the palate consisting of bone and mucous membranes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060023 soft palate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the soft palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. The soft palate is the posterior portion of the palate extending from the posterior edge of the hard palate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060037 pharyngeal system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048731 system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pharyngeal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pharyngeal system is a transient embryonic complex that is specific to vertebrates. It comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming: the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060038 cardiac muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014855 striated muscle cell proliferation The expansion of a cardiac muscle cell population by cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060040 retinal bipolar neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905962 glutamatergic neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a bipolar cell, the last neuron to be generated in the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060043 regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055021 regulation of cardiac muscle tissue growth Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060044 negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060043 regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060045 positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060043 regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060046 regulation of acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the acrosome reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060054 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050679 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation, contributing to the restoration of integrity to a damaged tissue following an injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060055 angiogenesis involved in wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001525 angiogenesis Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels and contribute to the series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060056 mammary gland involution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048771 tissue remodeling The tissue remodeling that removes differentiated mammary epithelia during weaning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060057 apoptotic process involved in mammary gland involution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060561 apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any apoptotic process that triggers the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle the mammary epithelial cells resulting in their programmed cell death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060058 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in mammary gland involution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902339 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process of mammary epithelial cells during mammary gland involution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060061 Spemann organizer formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis Formation of the specialized region on the dorsalmost side of the embryo that acts as the main signaling center establishing the vertebrate body plan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060067 cervix development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cervix over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060068 vagina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030540 female genitalia development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vagina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060073 micturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003014 renal system process The regulation of body fluids process in which parasympathetic nerves stimulate the bladder wall muscle to contract and expel urine from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060076 excitatory synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell increases the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060077 inhibitory synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse A synapse in which an action potential in the presynaptic cell reduces the probability of an action potential occurring in the postsynaptic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060078 regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042391 regulation of membrane potential Any process that modulates the potential difference across a post-synaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060080 inhibitory postsynaptic potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060078 regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential A process that causes a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060082 eye blink reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060004 reflex The reflex process in which a mechanical stimulus applied to the eye elicits a response of the eyelid closing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060083 smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014832 urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction The process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in the urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue involved in the expulsion urine from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060084 synaptic transmission involved in micturition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007274 neuromuscular synaptic transmission The process of communication from a neuron to a smooth muscle in the bladder that contributes to the expulsion of urine from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060091 kinocilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097732 9+2 non-motile cilium A nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of auditory receptor cells. The kinocilium is surrounded by actin-based stereocilia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060096 serotonin secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007269 neurotransmitter secretion The regulated release of serotonin by a cell, in which released serotonin acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060114 vestibular receptor cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060113 inner ear receptor cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a vestibular hair cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060116 vestibular receptor cell morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048667 cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation Any process that alters the size or shape of a vestibular receptor cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060118 vestibular receptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060119 inner ear receptor cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a vestibular receptor cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060119 inner ear receptor cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an inner ear receptor cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060123 regulation of growth hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060124 positive regulation of growth hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060123 regulation of growth hormone secretion Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060125 negative regulation of growth hormone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060123 regulation of growth hormone secretion Any process that decreases or stops the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060126 somatotropin secreting cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a somatotropin secreting cell. A somatotropin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060127 prolactin secreting cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a prolactin secreting cell. A prolactin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060128 corticotropin hormone secreting cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a corticotropic hormone secreting cell. An corticotropic hormone secreting cell is a basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces corticotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060131 corticotropin hormone secreting cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a corticotropic hormone secreting cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An corticotropic hormone secreting cell is a basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces corticotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060132 prolactin secreting cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a prolactin secreting cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A prolactin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060133 somatotropin secreting cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a somatotropin secreting cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A somatotropin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060134 prepulse inhibition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032102 negative regulation of response to external stimulus The process in which a startle magnitude is reduced when the startling stimulus is preceded by a low-intensity prepulse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060136 embryonic process involved in female pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process A reproductive process occurring in the embryo or fetus that allows the embryo or fetus to develop within the mother. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060157 urinary bladder development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the urinary bladder over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The urinary bladder is an elastic, muscular sac situated in the anterior part of the pelvic cavity in which urine collects before excretion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060166 olfactory pit development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the olfactory pit from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the olfactory pit, which is an indentation of the olfactory placode, and ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060167 regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008277 regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the adenosine receptor signaling pathway. The adenosine receptor pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060168 positive regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060167 regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the adenosine receptor signaling pathway. The adenosine receptor pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060169 negative regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060167 regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the adenosine receptor signaling pathway. The adenosine receptor pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060185 outer ear unfolding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048532 anatomical structure arrangement The opening and spreading out of the outer ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060186 outer ear emergence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis The growth of the outer ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060197 cloacal septation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035239 tube morphogenesis The separation of the single opening of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts, the cloaca, into multiple isolated openings during development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060206 estrous cycle phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044848 biological phase The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the estrous cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The estrous cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is resorbed if pregnancy does not occur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060207 diestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060206 estrous cycle phase The estrous cycle phase which is a period of sexual quiescence and represents the phase of the mature corpus luteum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060208 proestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060206 estrous cycle phase The estrous cycle phase in which there is heightened follicular activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060209 estrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060206 estrous cycle phase The estrous cycle phase in which a female is sexually receptive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060210 metestrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060206 estrous cycle phase The estrous cycle phase in which there is subsiding follicular function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060214 endocardium formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis Formation of the endocardium of the heart. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060215 primitive hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035162 embryonic hemopoiesis A first transient wave of blood cell production that, in vertebrates, gives rise to erythrocytes (red blood cells) and myeloid cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060216 definitive hemopoiesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030097 hemopoiesis A second wave of blood cell production that, in vertebrates, generates long-term hemopoietic stem cells that continously provide erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid lineages throughout adulthood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060218 hematopoietic stem cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048863 stem cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hematopoietic stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060221 retinal rod cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060219 camera-type eye photoreceptor cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a retinal rod cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060235 lens induction in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031128 developmental induction Signaling at short range between the head ectoderm and the optic vesicle that results in the head ectoderm forming a lens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060259 regulation of feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050795 regulation of behavior Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the behavior associated with the intake of food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060278 regulation of ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060279 positive regulation of ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060278 regulation of ovulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060280 negative regulation of ovulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060278 regulation of ovulation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060285 cilium-dependent cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001539 cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility Cell motility due to the motion of one or more eukaryotic cilia. A eukaryotic cilium is a specialized organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060291 long-term synaptic potentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048167 regulation of synaptic plasticity A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060292 long-term synaptic depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050805 negative regulation of synaptic transmission A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the decrease in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060294 cilium movement involved in cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003341 cilium movement Movement of cilia mediated by motor proteins that contributes to the movement of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060295 regulation of cilium movement involved in cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902019 regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of cilium movement involved in ciliary motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060297 regulation of sarcomere organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110020 regulation of actomyosin structure organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of myofibril assembly by organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060298 positive regulation of sarcomere organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060297 regulation of sarcomere organization Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of myofibril assembly by organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060299 negative regulation of sarcomere organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060297 regulation of sarcomere organization Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of myofibril assembly by organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060312 regulation of blood vessel remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034103 regulation of tissue remodeling Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of blood vessel remodeling, the reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060313 negative regulation of blood vessel remodeling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060312 regulation of blood vessel remodeling Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of blood vessel remodeling, the reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060323 head morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the head are generated and organized. The head is the anterior-most division of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060324 face development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a face from an initial condition to its mature state. The face is the ventral division of the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060325 face morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060343 trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process of creating a trabecula in an organ. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060344 liver trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060343 trabecula formation The process of creating a trabecula in the liver. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060345 spleen trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060343 trabecula formation The process of creating a trabecula in the spleen. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060346 bone trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060343 trabecula formation The process of creating a trabecula in the bone. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060347 heart trabecula formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060343 trabecula formation The process of creating a trabecula in the heart. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060349 bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which bones are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060363 cranial suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097094 craniofacial suture morphogenesis The process in which any suture between cranial bones is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060364 frontal suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060363 cranial suture morphogenesis The process in which the frontal suture is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060365 coronal suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060363 cranial suture morphogenesis The process in which the coronal suture is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060366 lambdoid suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060363 cranial suture morphogenesis The process in which the lambdoid suture is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060367 sagittal suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060363 cranial suture morphogenesis The process in which the sagittal suture is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060374 mast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002573 myeloid leukocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060375 regulation of mast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002761 regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060376 positive regulation of mast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060375 regulation of mast cell differentiation Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060377 negative regulation of mast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060375 regulation of mast cell differentiation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060384 innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032501 multicellular organismal process The process in which a nerve invades a tissue and makes functional synaptic connection within the tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060385 axonogenesis involved in innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007409 axonogenesis The neurite development process that generates a long process of a neuron, as it invades a target tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060386 synapse assembly involved in innervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007416 synapse assembly The assembly of a synapse within a target tissue in which a nerve is invading. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060405 regulation of penile erection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060406 positive regulation of penile erection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060405 regulation of penile erection Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060407 negative regulation of penile erection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060405 regulation of penile erection Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060408 regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080090 regulation of primary metabolic process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060409 positive regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060408 regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060410 negative regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060408 regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060414 aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060415 muscle tissue morphogenesis The process in which the structure of the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the aorta is generated and organized. An aorta is an artery that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060420 regulation of heart growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060421 positive regulation of heart growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060420 regulation of heart growth Any process that increases the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060425 lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the lung are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060426 lung vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001944 vasculature development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung vasculature from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lung vasculature and ends with the mature structure. The lung vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060427 lung connective tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of lung connective tissue from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung connective tissue and ends with the mature structure. The lung connective tissue is a material made up of fibers forming a framework and support structure for the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060428 lung epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung epithelium from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung epithelium and ends with the mature structure. The lung epithelium is the specialized epithelium that lines the inside of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060430 lung saccule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung saccule from an initial condition to its mature state. The lung saccule is the primitive gas exchange portion of the lung composed of type I and type II cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060431 primary lung bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060572 morphogenesis of an epithelial bud The morphogenetic process in which the foregut region specified to become the lung forms the initial left and right buds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060433 bronchus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030323 respiratory tube development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bronchus from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the bronchus and ends with the mature structure. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060434 bronchus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the bronchus is generated and organized. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060435 bronchiole development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030323 respiratory tube development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bronchiole from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the bronchiole and ends with the mature structure. A bronchiole is the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060436 bronchiole morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035239 tube morphogenesis The process in which a bronchiole is generated and organized. A bronchiole is the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060437 lung growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035265 organ growth The increase in size or mass of a lung. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060438 trachea development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a trachea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060439 trachea morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which a trachea is generated and organized. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060440 trachea formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048645 animal organ formation The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060441 epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048754 branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube The process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched epithelial tubes of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060442 branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060740 prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis The process in which the branching structure of the prostate gland is generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060443 mammary gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022612 gland morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary gland are generated and organized. Morphogenesis refers to the creation of shape. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060444 branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048754 branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060445 branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061138 morphogenesis of a branching epithelium The process in which the branching structure of the salivary gland is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060450 positive regulation of hindgut contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043134 regulation of hindgut contraction Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction of the hindgut, the posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060451 negative regulation of hindgut contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060457 negative regulation of digestive system process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction of the hindgut, the posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060452 positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055117 regulation of cardiac muscle contraction Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060453 regulation of gastric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044058 regulation of digestive system process Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060454 positive regulation of gastric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060453 regulation of gastric acid secretion Any process that increases the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060455 negative regulation of gastric acid secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060457 negative regulation of digestive system process Any process that decreases the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060457 negative regulation of digestive system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044058 regulation of digestive system process Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060458 right lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030324 lung development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a right lung from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the right lung and ends with the mature structure. The right lung is the lung which is on the right side of the anterior posterior axis looking from a dorsal to ventral aspect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060459 left lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030324 lung development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a left lung from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the left lung and ends with the mature structure. The left lung is the lung which is on the left side of the anterior posterior axis looking from a dorsal to ventral aspect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060460 left lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060425 lung morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures of the left lung are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060461 right lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060425 lung morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures of the right lung are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060462 lung lobe development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung lobe from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of a lung lobe by branching morphogenesis and ends with the mature structure. A lung lobe is one of the rounded projections that compose the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060463 lung lobe morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a lung lobe are generated and organized. A lung lobe is a projection that extends from the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060464 lung lobe formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a lung lobe from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the lobe and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. A lung lobe is a projection that extends from the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060468 prevention of polyspermy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060467 negative regulation of fertilization The negative regulation of fertilization process that takes place as part of egg activation, ensuring that only a single sperm fertilizes the egg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060474 positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility involved in capacitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902093 positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility The process in which the controlled movement of a flagellated sperm cell is initiated as part of the process required for flagellated sperm to reach fertilization competence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060476 protein localization involved in acrosome reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030029 actin filament-based process The actin-based process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the sperm as part of the acrosome reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060479 lung cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a mature cell found in the lung. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060480 lung goblet cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061140 lung secretory cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lung goblet cell. A goblet cell is a cell of the epithelial lining that produces and secretes mucins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060481 lobar bronchus epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060428 lung epithelium development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus epithelium from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus epithelium and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus epithelium is the tissue made up of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060482 lobar bronchus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060433 bronchus development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus is the major airway within the respiratory tree that starts by division of the principal bronchi on both sides and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060483 lobar bronchus mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060484 lung-associated mesenchyme development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus mesenchyme is the mass of tissue composed of mesenchymal cells in the lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060484 lung-associated mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung-associated mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung-associated mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Lung-associated mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060486 club cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a club cell. A club cell is an unciliated epithelial cell found in the respiratory and terminal bronchioles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060479 lung cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell that contributes to the epithelium of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060490 lateral sprouting involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060601 lateral sprouting from an epithelium The process in which a branch forms along the side of the lung epithelial tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060495 cell-cell signaling involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the lung, from its initial state to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060496 mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060638 mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell and contributes to the development of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060497 mesenchymal-endodermal cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information between a mesenchymal cell and an endodermal cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060501 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000794 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis Any process that increases the rate or frequency of epithelial cell proliferation that results in the lung attaining its shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060502 epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060509 type I pneumocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a type I pneumocyte. A type I pneumocyte is a flattened cell with greatly attenuated cytoplasm and a paucity of organelles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060510 type II pneumocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061140 lung secretory cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a type II pneumocyte. A type II pneumocyte is a surfactant secreting cell that contains abundant cytoplasm containing numerous lipid-rich multilamellar bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060512 prostate gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process in which the anatomical structures of a prostate gland are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060513 prostatic bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060740 prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis The morphogenetic process in which a region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium is specified to become the prostate, resulting in prostate bud outgrowth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060532 bronchus cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051216 cartilage development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lung cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060533 bronchus cartilage morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060536 cartilage morphogenesis The process in which the bronchus cartilage is generated and organized. The bronchus cartilage is the connective tissue of the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060534 trachea cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051216 cartilage development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tracheal cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060535 trachea cartilage morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060536 cartilage morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of cartilage in the trachea are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060539 diaphragm development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060538 skeletal muscle organ development The progression of the diaphragm over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle that is responsible for contraction and expansion of the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060540 diaphragm morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048644 muscle organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the diaphragm are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060544 regulation of necroptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062098 regulation of programmed necrotic cell death Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060545 positive regulation of necroptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060544 regulation of necroptotic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060546 negative regulation of necroptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060544 regulation of necroptotic process Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060568 regulation of peptide hormone processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070613 regulation of protein processing Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of peptide hormone processing. Peptide hormone processing is the generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060569 positive regulation of peptide hormone processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060568 regulation of peptide hormone processing Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of peptide hormone processing. Peptide hormone processing is the generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060570 negative regulation of peptide hormone processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060568 regulation of peptide hormone processing Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of peptide hormone processing. Peptide hormone processing is the generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060572 morphogenesis of an epithelial bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060571 morphogenesis of an epithelial fold The morphogenetic process in which a bud forms from an epithelial sheet. A bud is a protrusion that forms form the sheet by localized folding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060574 intestinal epithelial cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002069 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell maturation The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a columna/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine to attain its fully functional state. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine mature as they migrate from the intestinal crypt to the villus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060575 intestinal epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002065 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060576 intestinal epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002066 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060577 pulmonary vein morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048845 venous blood vessel morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of the pulmonary venous blood vessels are generated and organized. Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060578 superior vena cava morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048845 venous blood vessel morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of superior vena cava generated and organized. The superior vena cava is a blood vessel that transports blood from the upper body to the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060586 multicellular organismal-level iron ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140962 multicellular organismal-level chemical homeostasis A chemical homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of iron within extracellular body fluids, such as blood, xylem or phloem, of a multicellular organism. This is distinct from maintenance of cellular homeostasis, which occurs within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060591 chondroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a mesenchymal cell, acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondroblast. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a chondroblast fate. A chondroblast is a precursor cell to chondrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060592 mammary gland formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process pertaining to the initial formation of the mammary gland from unspecified parts. The process begins with formation of the mammary line and ends when the solid mammary bud invades the primary mammary mesenchyme. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060596 mammary placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The developmental process in which the mammary placode forms. The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060599 lateral sprouting involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060601 lateral sprouting from an epithelium The process in which a branch forms along the side of a mammary duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060601 lateral sprouting from an epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which a branch forms along the side of an epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060603 mammary gland duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary ducts are generated and organized. Mammary ducts are epithelial tubes that transport milk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060607 cell-cell adhesion involved in sealing an epithelial fold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion The attachment of one cell to another cell along the edges of two epithelial folds, giving rise to the lumen of an epithelial tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060610 mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in mammary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mammary gland mesenchymal cell. Mammary gland mesenchymal cells form a loosely connected network of cells that surround the mammary ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060611 mammary gland fat development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060612 adipose tissue development The progression of the mammary gland fat over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060613 fat pad development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060612 adipose tissue development The progression of a fat pad from its initial formation to its mature structure. A fat pad is an accumulation of adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060615 mammary gland bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The morphogenetic process in which a bud forms from the mammary placode. A mammary bud is bulb of epithelial cells that is distinct from the surrounding epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060616 mammary gland cord formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072175 epithelial tube formation The process in which the mammary gland cord forms by elongation of the mammary bud. The cord is formed once the elongating bud breaks through the mesenchyme and reaches the fat pad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060618 nipple development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the nipple over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The nipple is a part of the mammary gland that protrudes from the surface ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060619 cell migration involved in mammary placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration The orderly movement of epithelial cells within the mammary line that contributes to the formation of the mammary placode. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060623 regulation of chromosome condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033044 regulation of chromosome organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of chromosome condensation, the progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060638 mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell where it is received and interpreted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060642 white fat cell differentiation involved in mammary gland fat development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050872 white fat cell differentiation The process in which a preadipocyte acquires specialized features of a white adipocyte of the mammary gland. White adipocytes have cytoplasmic lipids arranged in a unique vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060643 epithelial cell differentiation involved in mammary gland bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060644 mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a cell of the mammary placode becomes a cell of the mammary gland bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060644 mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell becomes a more specialized epithelial cell of the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060647 mesenchymal cell condensation involved in mammary fat development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion The cell adhesion process in which mammary mesenchyme cells adhere to one another in the initial stages of the formation of mammary fat development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060648 mammary gland bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060572 morphogenesis of an epithelial bud The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary gland buds are generated and organized. Mammary gland buds form by an outpocketing of the mammary placodes and grow to invade the mammary fat, when they form the mammary cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060649 mammary gland bud elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis The process in which the mammary gland bud grows along its axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060650 epithelial cell proliferation involved in mammary gland bud elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033598 mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of mammary gland bud epithelial cells, resulting in the elongation of the bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060651 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in mammary gland bud elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033599 regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland bud epithelial cell proliferation that results in the elongation of the bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060652 mammary gland cord morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary gland cord are generated and organized. Mammary gland cords form when the mammary gland bud invades the mammary fat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060653 epithelial cell differentiation involved in mammary gland cord morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060644 mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell becomes a more specialized epithelial cell of the mammary gland cord. Epithelial cells of the mammary cord give it its funnel-like shape and some are cornified. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060655 branching involved in mammary gland cord morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060444 branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland cord is generated and organized. The mammary gland cord is a solid epithelial structure that will hollow out, forming the mammary duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060658 nipple morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the nipple is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060659 nipple sheath formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the nipple sheath from the unspecified epidermis. This process begins with a circular ingrowth of the epidermis around the region of the mammary sprout. It ends before the region begins to elevate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060660 epidermis morphogenesis involved in nipple formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048730 epidermis morphogenesis The process in which the epidermis of the nipple sheath is uplifted to form an umbrella-like projection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060661 submandibular salivary gland formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a submandibular salivary gland. This process begins with a thickening of the epithelium next to the tongue and ends when a bud linked to the oral surface is formed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060664 epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells of the submandibular salivary gland, resulting in the expansion of a cell population and the shaping of the gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060669 embryonic placenta morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the embryonic placenta is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060670 branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the branches of the fetal placental villi are generated and organized. The villous part of the placenta is called the labyrinth layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060671 epithelial cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060706 cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development The process in which a trophoblast cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the placental labyrinthine layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060673 cell-cell signaling involved in placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060674 placenta blood vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001568 blood vessel development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060676 ureteric bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072172 mesonephric tubule formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct. This process begins when the bud protrudes from the duct and ends when it is a recognizable bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060677 ureteric bud elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis The developmental growth in which the ureteric bud grows along its axis beginning with the growth of the primary ureteric bud and ending when the branches of the bud have elongated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060680 lateral sprouting involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060601 lateral sprouting from an epithelium The process in which a branch forms along the side of a ureteric bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060684 epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell where it is interpreted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060685 regulation of prostatic bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of prostatic bud formation, the morphogenetic process in which a region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium is specified to become the prostate, resulting in prostate bud outgrowth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060686 negative regulation of prostatic bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060685 regulation of prostatic bud formation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of prostatic bud formation, the morphogenetic process in which a region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium is specified to become the prostate, resulting in prostate bud outgrowth. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060687 regulation of branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of prostate gland branching, the process in which the branching structure of the prostate gland is generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060689 cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060690 epithelial cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060689 cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of an epithelial cell of the salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060691 epithelial cell maturation involved in salivary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002070 epithelial cell maturation The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell of the salivary gland to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060692 mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060689 cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell of the salivary gland. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060693 regulation of branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching morphogenesis in the salivary gland epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060697 positive regulation of phospholipid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060696 regulation of phospholipid catabolic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of phospholipid catabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060704 acinar cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090425 acinar cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize an acinar cell of the salivary gland. Acinar cells are protein-secreting cells in the gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060705 neuron differentiation involved in salivary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060689 cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the neurons of the salivary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060706 cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of the embryonic placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060708 spongiotrophoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060706 cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of the ectoplacental cone acquires specialized features of a spongiotrophoblast of the placenta. A spongiotrophoblast cell is a basophilic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060710 chorio-allantoic fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098609 cell-cell adhesion The cell-cell adhesion process in which the cells of the chorion fuse to the cells of the allantois. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060711 labyrinthine layer development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process in which the labyrinthine layer of the placenta progresses, from its formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060712 spongiotrophoblast layer development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process in which the spongiotrophoblast layer of the placenta progresses from its formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060713 labyrinthine layer morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The process in which the labyrinthine layer of the placenta is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060714 labyrinthine layer formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the labyrinthine layer of the placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060716 labyrinthine layer blood vessel development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060674 placenta blood vessel development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the labyrinthine layer of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The embryonic vessels grow through the layer to come in close contact with the maternal blood supply. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060717 chorion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903867 extraembryonic membrane development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chorion from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The chorion is an extraembryonic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060718 chorionic trophoblast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells of the ectoplacental cone acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize chorionic trophoblasts. These cells will migrate towards the spongiotrophoblast layer and give rise to syncytiotrophoblasts of the labyrinthine layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060719 chorionic trophoblast cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the chorionic trophoblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060722 cell proliferation involved in embryonic placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the population in the embryonic placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060723 regulation of cell proliferation involved in embryonic placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cell proliferation involved in embryonic placenta development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060736 prostate gland growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The increase in size or mass of the prostate gland where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the gland, from its formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060737 prostate gland morphogenetic growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060736 prostate gland growth The differential increase in size or mass of the prostate gland that contributes to the gland attaining its form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060738 epithelial-mesenchymal signaling involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060684 epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell where it is interpreted and contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060739 mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060638 mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell where it is received and interpreted contributing to the progression of the prostate gland over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060740 prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia of the prostate gland are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060741 prostate gland stromal morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the prostate gland stroma is generated and organized. The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060742 epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060743 epithelial cell maturation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell of the prostate gland to attain its fully functional state. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060745 mammary gland branching involved in pregnancy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060444 branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized as a part of pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060749 mammary gland alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the mammary gland alveolus over time, from its formation to its mature state. The mammary gland alveolus is a sac-like structure that is found in the mature gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060762 regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060763 mammary duct terminal end bud growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis The morphogenetic growth of the large, club-shaped terminal end of a mammary gland duct during prepubertal growth and during puberty. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060764 cell-cell signaling involved in mammary gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the mammary gland, from its initial state to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060767 epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060768 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060769 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060768 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060770 negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060768 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060781 mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process The multiplication or reproduction of mesenchymal cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060782 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060784 regulation of cell proliferation involved in tissue homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation resulting in the maintenance of a steady-state number of cells within a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060785 regulation of apoptosis involved in tissue homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptosis that results in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060786 regulation of cell differentiation involved in tissue homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045595 regulation of cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation that contributes to the maintenance of a steady state of a cell type within a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060789 hair follicle placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The developmental process in which a hair placode forms. An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060790 tooth placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The developmental process in which the tooth placode forms. A tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060791 sebaceous gland placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The developmental process in which a sebaceous gland placode forms. A sebaceous gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sebaceous gland bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060792 sweat gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The progression of the sweat gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Sweat glands secrete an aqueous solution that is used in thermoregulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060793 sweat gland placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060788 ectodermal placode formation The developmental process in which the sweat gland placode forms. An sweat gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sweat gland bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060800 regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000241 regulation of reproductive process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell differentiation that contributes to the progression of the placenta over time, from its initial condition to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060806 negative regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060800 regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cell differentiation that contributes to the progression of the placenta over time, from its initial condition to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060815 regulation of translation involved in anterior/posterior axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of mRNAs that contribute to the specification of the anterior/posterior axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060836 lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045446 endothelial cell differentiation The process in which a venous blood vessel endothelial cell acquires specialized features of a lymphatic vessel endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of lymph vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060837 blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045446 endothelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a blood vessel endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060842 arterial endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060837 blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized endothelial cell acquires specialized features of an arterial endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060843 venous endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060837 blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized endothelial cell acquires specialized features of a venous endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060854 branching involved in lymph vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048754 branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube The process of the coordinated growth and sprouting of lymph vessels giving rise to the organized lymphatic system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060873 anterior semicircular canal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060872 semicircular canal development The progession of the anterior semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060874 posterior semicircular canal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060872 semicircular canal development The progession of the posterior semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060875 lateral semicircular canal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060872 semicircular canal development The progession of the lateral semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060876 semicircular canal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035148 tube formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the semicircular canal from the otic vesicle. This process begins with the regionalization of the vesicle that specifies the area where the vesicles will form and continues through the process of fusion which forms the initial tubes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060877 regionalization involved in semicircular canal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of the otic epithelium in space to define an area or volume in which cells will differentiate to give rise to the semicircular canals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060878 pouch outgrowth involved in semicircular canal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060571 morphogenesis of an epithelial fold The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis and gives rise to a pouch that will form a semicircular canal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060879 semicircular canal fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060606 tube closure Creation of the central hole of the semicircular canal by sealing the edges of the pouch that forms during the process of semicircular canal formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060880 cell morphogenesis involved in semicircular canal fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048598 embryonic morphogenesis The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when a semicircular canal epithelial cell acquires the structural features that allow it to contribute to the process of semicircular canal fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060882 basement membrane disassembly involved in semicircular canal fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034769 basement membrane disassembly A process that results in the breakdown of the basement membrane that contributes to the process of semicircular canal fusion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060887 limb epidermis development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098773 skin epidermis development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the epidermis of the limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The limb epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of the limb, it is a complex stratified squamous epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060907 positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010935 regulation of macrophage cytokine production Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage cytokine production. Macrophage cytokine production is the appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060915 mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell of the lung. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060916 mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010463 mesenchymal cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population that contributes to the progression of the lung over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060920 cardiac pacemaker cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055007 cardiac muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a pacemaker cell. Pacemaker cells are specialized cardiomyocytes that are responsible for regulating the timing of heart contractions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060921 sinoatrial node cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060920 cardiac pacemaker cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a sinoatrial (SA) node cell. SA node cells are pacemaker cells that are found in the sinoatrial node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060922 atrioventricular node cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060920 cardiac pacemaker cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an atrioventricular (AV) node cell. AV node cells are pacemaker cells that are found in the atrioventricular node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060926 cardiac pacemaker cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055013 cardiac muscle cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pacemaker cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. Pacemaker cells are specialized cardiomyocytes that are responsible for regulating the timing of heart contractions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060928 atrioventricular node cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060926 cardiac pacemaker cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an atrioventricular (AV) node cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060931 sinoatrial node cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060926 cardiac pacemaker cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a sinoatrial (SA) node cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. SA node cells are pacemaker cells that are found in the sinoatrial node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060933 His-Purkinje system cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055006 cardiac cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a His-Purkinje cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. These cells form the fibers that regulate cardiac muscle contraction in the ventricles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060935 cardiac fibroblast cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035051 cardiocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardiac fibroblast. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060936 cardiac fibroblast cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055006 cardiac cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac fibroblast over time, from its formation to the mature state. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell of the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060945 cardiac neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035051 cardiocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060946 cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060837 blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a blood vessel endothelial cell of the heart. Blood vessel endothelial cells are thin flattened cells that line the inside surfaces of blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060950 cardiac glial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035051 cardiocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glial cell of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060952 cardiac glial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055006 cardiac cell development The process aimed at the progression of a cardiac glial cell over time, from its formation to the fully functional mature cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060956 endocardial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003348 cardiac endothelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial cell. An endocardial cell is a specialized endothelial cell that makes up the endocardium portion of the heart. The endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060958 endocardial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055006 cardiac cell development The progression of an endocardial cell over time, from its formation to the mature cell. An endocardial cell is a specialized endothelial cell that makes up the endocardium portion of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060959 cardiac neuron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055006 cardiac cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac neuron over time, from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060972 left/right pattern formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003002 regionalization The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of the left/right axis in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060978 angiogenesis involved in coronary vascular morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001525 angiogenesis Blood vessel formation in the heart when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060979 vasculogenesis involved in coronary vascular morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001570 vasculogenesis The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells that contributes to blood vessel development in the heart, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060980 cell migration involved in coronary vasculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035441 cell migration involved in vasculogenesis The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the differentiation of an endothelial cell that will form the blood vessels of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060981 cell migration involved in coronary angiogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060973 cell migration involved in heart development The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the formation of new blood vessels in the heart from pre-existing blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060982 coronary artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048844 artery morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of coronary arteries are generated and organized. Coronary arteries are blood vessels that transport blood to the heart muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061006 regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061007 hepaticobiliary system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003008 system process An system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the hepaticobiliary system. The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061010 gallbladder development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The progression of the gallbladder over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The gallbladder is a cavitated organ that stores bile. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061011 hepatic duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061009 common bile duct development The progression of the hepatic duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hepatic duct is the duct that leads from the liver to the common bile duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061017 hepatoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048863 stem cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hepatoblast. A hepatoblast is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061026 cardiac muscle tissue regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042246 tissue regeneration The regrowth of cardiac muscle tissue to repair injured or damaged muscle fibers in the postnatal stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061029 eyelid development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the eyelid in a camera-type eye from its formation to the mature state. The eyelid is a membranous cover that helps protect and lubricate the eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061030 epithelial cell differentiation involved in mammary gland alveolus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060644 mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell becomes a more specialized epithelial cell of the mammary gland alveolus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061032 visceral serous pericardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the visceral serous pericardium from its formation to the mature structure. The visceral serous pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061034 olfactory bulb mitral cell layer development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the olfactory bulb mitral cell layer over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061038 uterus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which anatomical structures of the uterus are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061040 female gonad morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035262 gonad morphogenesis The process in which a female gonad is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061046 regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060688 regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061047 positive regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061046 regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061048 negative regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061046 regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061050 regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055021 regulation of cardiac muscle tissue growth Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061051 positive regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061050 regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061052 negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061050 regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061054 dermatome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the dermatome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The dermatome is the portion of a somite that will form skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061055 myotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the myotome over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The myotome is the portion of the somite that will give rise to muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061056 sclerotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The progression of the sclerotome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The sclerotome is the portion of the somite that will give rise to a vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061068 urethra development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The progression of the urethra over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061069 male urethra development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061068 urethra development The progression of the male urethra over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The male urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder through the penis to outside the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061070 female urethra development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061068 urethra development The progression of the female urethra over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The female urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body, exiting above the vaginal opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061071 urethra epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The progression of the urethra epithelium over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. The epithelium is the tubular, planar layer of cells through which the urine passes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061072 iris morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the iris is generated and organized. The iris is an anatomical structure in the eye whose opening forms the pupil. The iris is responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil and the amount of light reaching the retina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061073 ciliary body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the ciliary body generated and organized. The ciliary body is the circumferential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061074 regulation of neural retina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of neural retina development, the progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061075 positive regulation of neural retina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902868 positive regulation of retina development in camera-type eye Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of neural retina development, the progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061076 negative regulation of neural retina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902867 negative regulation of retina development in camera-type eye Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of neural retina development, the progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061080 right horn of sinus venosus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the right horn of the sinus venosus from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061100 lung neuroendocrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061140 lung secretory cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuroendocrine cell of the lung epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061101 neuroendocrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060563 neuroepithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a neuroendocrine cell. A neuroendocrine cell is a cell that receives input form a neuron which controls the secretion of an endocrine substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061102 stomach neuroendocrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061101 neuroendocrine cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuroendocrine cell of the stomach epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061104 adrenal chromaffin cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061101 neuroendocrine cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of an adrenal chromaffin cell. An adrenal chromaffin cell is a neuroendocrine cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061105 regulation of stomach neuroendocrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045664 regulation of neuron differentiation Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the differentiation of a neuroendocrine cell in the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061106 negative regulation of stomach neuroendocrine cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061105 regulation of stomach neuroendocrine cell differentiation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the differentiation of a neuroendocrine cell in the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061107 seminal vesicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The progression of the seminal vesicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The seminal vesicle is a gland that contributes to the production of semen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061108 seminal vesicle epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The progression of the seminal vesicle epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061109 dense core granule organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033363 secretory granule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a dense core granule. A dense core granule is a secretory organelle found in endocrine cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061111 epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling involved in lung development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060684 epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell and contributes to the progression of the lung over time from its initial formation to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061113 pancreas morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis Morphogenesis of the pancreas. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061114 branching involved in pancreas morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061138 morphogenesis of a branching epithelium The process in which the branches of the pancreas are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061117 negative regulation of heart growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060420 regulation of heart growth Any process that decreases the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061130 pancreatic bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061114 branching involved in pancreas morphogenesis The morphogenetic process in which the foregut region specified to become the pancreas forms a bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061140 lung secretory cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lung secretory cell. A lung secretory cell is a specialized epithelial cell of the lung that contains large secretory granules in its apical part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061141 lung ciliated cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lung ciliated cell. A lung ciliated cell is a specialized lung epithelial cell that contains cilia for moving substances released from lung secretory cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061146 Peyer's patch morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which a Peyer's patch is generated and organized. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061147 endocardial endothelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003158 endothelium development The progression of the endocardial endothelium over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061148 extracellular matrix organization involved in endocardium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030198 extracellular matrix organization A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix of the endocardium. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061152 trachea submucosa development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the trachea submucosa over time from its formation to the mature structure. The trachea submucosa is made up of the glands and elastic tissue that lie under the mucosa in the trachea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061153 trachea gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The progression of a trachea gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Trachea glands are found under the mucus of the trachea and secrete mucus, and agents that help protect the lung from injury and infection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an endothelium. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061155 pulmonary artery endothelial tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from the pulmonary artery endothelium. An pulmonary artery endothelium is an epithelium that lines the pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061156 pulmonary artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048844 artery morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the pulmonary artery are generated and organized. The pulmonary artery is the artery that carries blood from the heart to the lungs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061168 regulation of hair follicle placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022603 regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of hair follicle placode formation, the developmental process in which a hair placode forms. An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061169 positive regulation of hair placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061168 regulation of hair follicle placode formation Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of hair follicle placode formation, the developmental process in which a hair placode forms. An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061170 negative regulation of hair follicle placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061168 regulation of hair follicle placode formation Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of hair follicle placode formation, the developmental process in which a hair placode forms. An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061179 negative regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061178 regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin that contributes to the response of a cell to glucose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061181 regulation of chondrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060284 regulation of cell development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chondrocyte over time, from its commitment to its mature state. Chondrocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a chondroblast to a chondrocyte fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061182 negative regulation of chondrocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061181 regulation of chondrocyte development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chondrocyte over time, from its commitment to its mature state. Chondrocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a chondroblast to a chondrocyte fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061183 regulation of dermatome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the progression of the dermatome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The dermatome is the portion of a somite that will form skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061184 positive regulation of dermatome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061183 regulation of dermatome development Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the progression of the dermatome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The dermatome is the portion of a somite that will form skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061185 negative regulation of dermatome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061183 regulation of dermatome development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the progression of the dermatome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The dermatome is the portion of a somite that will form skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061189 positive regulation of sclerotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061190 regulation of sclerotome development Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the progression of the sclerotome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The sclerotome is the portion of the somite that will give rise to a vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061190 regulation of sclerotome development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the progression of the sclerotome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The sclerotome is the portion of the somite that will give rise to a vertebra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061193 taste bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007423 sensory organ development The progression of the taste bud over time, from its formation to the mature state. The taste bud is a specialized area of the tongue that contains taste receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061194 taste bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090596 sensory organ morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the taste bud are generated and organized. The taste bud is a specialized area of the tongue that contains taste receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061195 taste bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the taste bud from unspecified parts. The taste bud is a specialized area of the tongue that contains taste receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061196 fungiform papilla development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the fungiform papilla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fungiform papilla is a mushroom-shaped papilla of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061197 fungiform papilla morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the fungiform papilla are generated and organized. The fungiform papilla is a mushroom-shaped papilla of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061198 fungiform papilla formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a spongiform papilla from unspecified parts. The fungiform papilla is a mushroom-shaped papilla of the tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061205 paramesonephric duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the paramesonephric duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mullerian ducts (or paramesonephric ducts) are paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061206 mesonephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060993 kidney morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephros are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061208 cell differentiation involved in mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061005 cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the mesonephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061209 cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072111 cell proliferation involved in kidney development The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the population in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061210 cell-cell signaling involved in mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060995 cell-cell signaling involved in kidney development Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061211 mesonephric collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072044 collecting duct development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a collecting duct in the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The collecting duct regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. The collecting duct is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061212 mesonephric juxtaglomerular apparatus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072051 juxtaglomerular apparatus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is an anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061213 positive regulation of mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090184 positive regulation of kidney development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mesonephros development. Mesonephros development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephros is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061214 mesonephric smooth muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072194 kidney smooth muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle in the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061215 mesonephric nephron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072006 nephron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nephron in the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061217 regulation of mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090183 regulation of kidney development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mesonephros development. Mesonephros development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061218 negative regulation of mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090185 negative regulation of kidney development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mesonephros development. Mesonephros development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephros is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061219 mesonephric mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072074 kidney mesenchyme development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of mesonephric mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Mesonephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061220 mesonephric macula densa development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072024 macula densa development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the mesonephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061221 mesonephric mesenchyme morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072131 kidney mesenchyme morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. Mesonephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061224 mesonephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032835 glomerulus development The progression of the mesonephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061227 pattern specification involved in mesonephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061004 pattern specification involved in kidney development Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the mesonephros to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061228 mesonephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072028 nephron morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric nephron are generated and organized. A mesonephric nephron is the functional unit of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061231 mesonephric glomerulus vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072012 glomerulus vasculature development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerulus vasculature from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the mesonephric glomerulus vasculature and ends with the mature structure. The mesonephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the mesonephric glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061232 mesonephric glomerular epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072010 glomerular epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric glomerular epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus in the mesonephros. The mesonephric glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061234 mesonephric glomerulus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072102 glomerulus morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric glomerulus are generated and organized. The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061235 mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072038 mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in nephron morphogenesis The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the mesonephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061236 mesonephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072049 comma-shaped body morphogenesis The process in which the mesonephric comma-shaped body is generated and organized. The mesonephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the mesonephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061240 mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072171 mesonephric tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric nephron tubule are generated and organized. A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephric nephron, the functional part of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061241 mesonephric nephron epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072163 mesonephric epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric nephron epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. The mesonephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061242 mesonephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061241 mesonephric nephron epithelium development The progression of a mesonephric nephron tubule over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephric nephron, the functional part of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061243 mesonephric renal vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072077 renal vesicle morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric renal vesicle are generated and organized. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the mesonephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061244 mesonephric S-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072050 S-shaped body morphogenesis The process in which the mesonephric S-shaped body is generated and organized. The mesonephric S-shaped body is the successor of the mesonephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061247 mesonephric glomerular mesangium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072109 glomerular mesangium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric glomerular mesangium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the mesonephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061248 mesonephric glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072103 glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric glomerulus vasculature are generated and organized. The mesonephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the mesonephric glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061249 mesonephric glomerular capillary formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072104 glomerular capillary formation The process that gives rise to a mesonephric glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061250 mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072311 glomerular epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell. Mesonephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the mesonephric glomerulus; there are two types, mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061251 mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072310 glomerular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mesonephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the mesonephric glomerulus; there are two types, mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061256 mesonephric podocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072112 podocyte differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061257 mesonephric podocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072015 podocyte development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061261 mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061208 cell differentiation involved in mesonephros development A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061262 mesonephric renal vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072033 renal vesicle formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061265 mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061208 cell differentiation involved in mesonephros development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the mesonephric nephron tubule as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061271 mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephric renal vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072036 mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in renal vesicle formation A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the mesonephric renal vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061273 mesonephric distal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061240 mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric distal tubule are generated and organized. The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061274 mesonephric distal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061242 mesonephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the terminal segment of the proximal tubule and ends at the mesonephric connecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061275 mesonephric proximal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061242 mesonephric nephron tubule development The progression of the mesonephric proximal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061276 mesonephric proximal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061240 mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric proximal tubule are generated and organized. The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061277 mesonephric nephron tubule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072172 mesonephric tubule formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061278 epithelial cell migration involved in mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072155 epithelial cell migration involved in nephron tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061279 epithelial cell migration involved in mesonephric distal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072157 epithelial cell migration involved in distal tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to mesonephric distal tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061280 epithelial cell migration involved in mesonephric proximal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072159 epithelial cell migration involved in proximal tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to mesonephric proximal tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061285 mesonephric capsule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072127 renal capsule development The progression of the mesonephric capsule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the mesonephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061286 mesonephric capsule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072128 renal capsule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric capsule are generated and organized. The mesonephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the mesonephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061287 mesonephric capsule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072129 renal capsule formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric capsule from unspecified parts. The mesonephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the mesonephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061295 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072039 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061296 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072040 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis Any process that reduces the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061297 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072041 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis Any process that increases the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061298 retina vasculature development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001944 vasculature development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061299 retina vasculature morphogenesis in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the vasculature of the retina is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061300 cerebellum vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001944 vasculature development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature of the cerebellum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061301 cerebellum vasculature morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the vasculature of the cerebellum is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061304 retinal blood vessel morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061299 retina vasculature morphogenesis in camera-type eye The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061307 cardiac neural crest cell differentiation involved in heart development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014033 neural crest cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac neural crest cell that will migrate to the heart and contribute to its development. Cardiac neural crest cells are specialized cells that migrate toward the heart from the third, fourth and sixth pharyngeal arches. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061318 renal filtration cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a renal filtration cell. Renal filtration cells are specialized cells of the renal system that filter fluids by charge, size or both. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061325 cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061323 cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the outflow tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061326 renal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The progression of the renal tubule over time from its formation to the mature form. A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061337 cardiac conduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008016 regulation of heart contraction Transfer of an organized electrical impulse across the heart to coordinate the contraction of cardiac muscles. The process begins with generation of an action potential (in the sinoatrial node (SA) in humans) and ends with a change in the rate, frequency, or extent of the contraction of the heart muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061344 regulation of cell adhesion involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030155 regulation of cell adhesion Any process that modulates the extent of cell adhesion contributing to the shaping of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061360 optic chiasma development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The developmental process pertaining to the progression of the optic chiasm from its initial formation to the mature structure. The process begins when the pathfinding of the axons of the developing optic nerve cause some axons to cross at the midline of the brain and ends when the axons are mature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061370 testosterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901617 organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of testosterone, an androgen having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4 C-5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061373 mammillary axonal complex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the mammillary axonal complex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammillary axonal complex is formed by the axons from the lateral, medial mammillary and the dorsal premammillary nuclei which share a branching pattern. Every neuron gives off one axonal stem that bifurcates into 2 branches. One of the branches is directed dorsally to the thalamus and another caudally to the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061377 mammary gland lobule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the mammary gland lobule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mammary gland lobule is a small rounded projection of the mammary gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061378 corpora quadrigemina development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the corpora quadrigemina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The corpora quadrigemina is a part of the midbrain that is made up of the superior and inferior colliculi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061379 inferior colliculus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inferior colliculus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inferior colliculus (IC) (Latin, lower hill) is the principal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathway and receives input from several more peripheral brainstem nuclei in the auditory pathway, as well as inputs from the auditory cortex. The inferior colliculus has three subdivisions: the central nucleus (CIC), a dorsal cortex (DCIC) by which it is surrounded, and an external cortex (ICX) which is located laterally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061380 superior colliculus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior colliculus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The superior colliculus is also known as the optic tectum or simply tectum and is a paired structure that forms a major component of the vertebrate midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061383 trabecula morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process of shaping a trabecula in an organ. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061385 fibroblast proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061323 cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis The multiplication or reproduction of fibroblasts, resulting in the expansion of a fibroblast population that contributes to the shaping of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061430 bone trabecula morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061383 trabecula morphogenesis The process of shaping a trabecula in bone. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061437 renal system vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001944 vasculature development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of vasculature of the renal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061438 renal system vasculature morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the renal system vasculature is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061439 kidney vasculature morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the kidney vasculature is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061440 kidney vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061437 renal system vasculature development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vasculature of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061441 renal artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048844 artery morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of a renal artery is generated and organized. Renal arteries supply the kidneys with blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061449 olfactory bulb tufted cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048666 neuron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an olfactory bulb tufted cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061450 trophoblast cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process Trophoblast cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium. Trophoblast cells line the outside of the blastocyst. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061451 retrotrapezoid nucleus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048857 neural nucleus development The progression of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) over time from it's initial formation to its mature state. The retrotrapezoid nucleus is a group of neurons in the rostral medulla, which are responsible regulating respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061452 retrotrapezoid nucleus neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0021953 central nervous system neuron differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the retrotrapezoid nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061453 interstitial cell of Cajal differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060575 intestinal epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an interstitial cell of Cajal. An interstitial cell of Cajal is an intestinal neuroepithelial cell that serves as a pacemaker to trigger gut contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061454 release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by Golgi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051209 release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) out of the Golgi apparatus into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061470 T follicular helper cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042093 T-helper cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a mature T follicular helper cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061484 hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048872 homeostasis of number of cells Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of hematopoietic stem cells within a population of cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061512 protein localization to cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061517 macrophage proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070661 leukocyte proliferation The expansion of a macrophage population by cell division. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061519 macrophage homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002262 myeloid cell homeostasis The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of macrophage cells such that the total number of myeloid cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061520 Langerhans cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043011 myeloid dendritic cell differentiation The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a Langerhans cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061521 hepatic stellate cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a hepatic stellate cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061523 cilium disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a cilium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061524 central canal development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the formation of the central canal of the spinal cord from its formation to the mature structure. The central canal is a spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061527 dopamine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099124 axonal dopamine secretion The regulated release of dopamine by a cell in which the dopamine acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061529 epinephrine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048242 epinephrine secretion The regulated release of epinephrine by a cell in which the epinephrine acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061533 norepinephrine secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048243 norepinephrine secretion The regulated release of norepinephrine by a cell, in which the norepinephrine acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061534 gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014051 gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion The regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid by a cell, in which the gamma-aminobutyric acid acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061535 glutamate secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051938 L-glutamate import The controlled release of glutamate by a cell, in which the glutamate acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061548 ganglion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009888 tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061549 sympathetic ganglion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061548 ganglion development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a sympathetic ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061551 trigeminal ganglion development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061550 cranial ganglion development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a trigeminal ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061552 ganglion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of ganglion are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061553 ganglion maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for ganglion to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061554 ganglion formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The process that gives rise to ganglion. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061556 trigeminal ganglion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061559 cranial ganglion morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of a trigeminal ganglion is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061557 trigeminal ganglion maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061558 cranial ganglion maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a trigeminal ganglion to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061558 cranial ganglion maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061553 ganglion maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cranial ganglion to attain its fully functional state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061559 cranial ganglion morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061552 ganglion morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structure of a cranial ganglion is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061560 cranial ganglion formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061554 ganglion formation The process that gives rise to a cranial ganglion. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061561 trigeminal ganglion formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061560 cranial ganglion formation The process that gives rise to the trigeminal ganglion. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061580 colon epithelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061582 intestinal epithelial cell migration The orderly movement of a colonic epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061581 corneal epithelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration The orderly movement of a corneal epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061582 intestinal epithelial cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010631 epithelial cell migration The orderly movement of an intestinal epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061626 pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048844 artery morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a pharyngeal arch artery is generated and organized. The pharyngeal arch arteries are a series of six paired embryological vascular structures, the development of which give rise to several major arteries, such as the stapedial artery, the middle meningeal artery, the internal carotid artery and the pulmonary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061629 RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140297 DNA-binding transcription factor binding Binding to a sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any of the factors that interact selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061650 ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019787 ubiquitin-like protein transferase activity Isoenergetic transfer of a ubiquitin-like protein (ULP) from one protein to another molecule, usually another protein, via the reaction X-SCP + Y = Y-SCP + X, where both the X-SCP and Y-SCP linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of SCP and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061659 ubiquitin-like protein ligase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019787 ubiquitin-like protein transferase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin-like protein (ULP) to a substrate protein via the reaction X-ULP + S = X + S-ULP, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-ULP linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-ULP linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of ULP and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061682 seminal vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process in which the anatomical structures of a seminal vesicle are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061683 branching involved in seminal vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction The process in which the branching structure of the seminal vesicle is generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061709 reticulophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly The selective autohagy process in which parts of the endoplasmic reticulum are loaded into autophagosomes, delivered to the vacuole, and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061713 anterior neural tube closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060606 tube closure The step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired anterior neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061725 cytosolic lipolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044242 cellular lipid catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipid droplets and hydrolysis of stored triglycerides occurring through the orchestrated activation of cytosolic lipases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061736 engulfment of target by autophagosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010324 membrane invagination The membrane invagination process by which an autophagosomal membrane surrounds an object that will be degraded by macroautophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061792 secretory granule maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation Steps required to transform an immature secretory vesicle into a mature secretory vesicle. Typically proceeds through homotypic membrane fusion and membrane remodeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061827 sperm head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The part of the late spermatid or spermatozoon that contains the nucleus and acrosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061846 dendritic spine cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032839 dendrite cytoplasm The region of the neuronal cytoplasm located in dendritic spines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070050 neuron cellular homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019725 cellular homeostasis The cellular homeostatic process that preserves a neuron in a stable, differentiated functional and structural state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070051 fibrinogen binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044877 protein-containing complex binding Binding to fibrinogen, a highly soluble hexameric glycoprotein complex that is found in blood plasma and is converted to fibrin by thrombin in the coagulation cascade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070062 extracellular exosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903561 extracellular vesicle A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070075 tear secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032941 secretion by tissue The regulated release of the aqueous layer of the tear film from the lacrimal glands. Tears are the liquid product of a process of lacrimation to clean and lubricate the eyes. Tear fluid contains water, mucin, lipids, lysozyme, lactoferrin, lipocalin, lacritin, immunoglobulins, glucose, urea, sodium, and potassium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070091 glucagon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of glucagon from secretory granules in the A (alpha) cells of the pancreas (islets of Langerhans). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070092 regulation of glucagon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090276 regulation of peptide hormone secretion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070093 negative regulation of glucagon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070092 regulation of glucagon secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070094 positive regulation of glucagon secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070092 regulation of glucagon secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of glucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070125 mitochondrial translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006414 translational elongation The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070129 regulation of mitochondrial translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006417 regulation of translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA in a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070130 negative regulation of mitochondrial translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070129 regulation of mitochondrial translation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA in a mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070166 enamel mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034505 tooth mineralization The process in which calcium salts, mainly carbonated hydroxyapatite, are deposited in tooth enamel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070170 regulation of tooth mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070167 regulation of biomineral tissue development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tooth mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070171 negative regulation of tooth mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070170 regulation of tooth mineralization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tooth mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070172 positive regulation of tooth mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070170 regulation of tooth mineralization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tooth mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070173 regulation of enamel mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070170 regulation of tooth mineralization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of enamel mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth enamel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070174 negative regulation of enamel mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070173 regulation of enamel mineralization Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of enamel mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth enamel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070175 positive regulation of enamel mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070173 regulation of enamel mineralization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of enamel mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth enamel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070199 establishment of protein localization to chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072594 establishment of protein localization to organelle The directed movement of a protein to a specific location on a chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070202 regulation of establishment of protein localization to chromosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070201 regulation of establishment of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location on a chromosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070232 regulation of T cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070228 regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of T cell death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070233 negative regulation of T cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070232 regulation of T cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070234 positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070232 regulation of T cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070235 regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070232 regulation of T cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of activation-induced cell death of T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070236 negative regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070235 regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of activation-induced cell death of T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070237 positive regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070235 regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activation-induced cell death of T cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070242 thymocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070231 T cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a thymocyte, an immature T cell located in the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070243 regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070232 regulation of T cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of thymocyte death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070244 negative regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070243 regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070245 positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070243 regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte death by apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070253 somatostatin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of somatostatin from secretory granules in the D cells of the pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070254 mucus secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032941 secretion by tissue The regulated release of mucus by the mucosa. Mucus is a viscous slimy secretion consisting of mucins and various inorganic salts dissolved in water, with suspended epithelial cells and leukocytes. The mucosa, or mucous membrane, is the membrane covered with epithelium that lines the tubular organs of the body. Mucins are carbohydrate-rich glycoproteins that have a lubricating and protective function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070255 regulation of mucus secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051239 regulation of multicellular organismal process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of mucus from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070256 negative regulation of mucus secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070255 regulation of mucus secretion Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of mucus from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070257 positive regulation of mucus secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070255 regulation of mucus secretion Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of mucus from a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070266 necroptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097300 programmed necrotic cell death A programmed necrotic cell death process which begins when a cell receives a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a death receptor or to a Toll-like receptor), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways), characterized by activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and/or 3 (RIPK1/3, also called RIP1/3) and by critical dependence on mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), and which typically lead to common morphological features of necrotic cell death. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling phase, and an execution phase, which is triggered by the former. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070269 pyroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012501 programmed cell death A caspase-1-dependent cell death subroutine that is associated with the generation of pyrogenic mediators such as IL-1beta and IL-18. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070285 pigment cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pigment cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a pigment cell fate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070306 lens fiber cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lens fiber cell, any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in the camera-type eye. The cytoplasm of a lens fiber cell is devoid of most intracellular organelles including the cell nucleus, and contains primarily crystallins, a group of water-soluble proteins expressed in vary large quantities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070307 lens fiber cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002064 epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lens fiber cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a lens fiber cell fate. A lens fiber cell is any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070341 fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A fat cell is an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070342 brown fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070341 fat cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of brown fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A brown fat cell is a fat cell found the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in newborns of many species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070343 white fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070341 fat cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of white fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070344 regulation of fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070345 negative regulation of fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070344 regulation of fat cell proliferation Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070346 positive regulation of fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070344 regulation of fat cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070347 regulation of brown fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070344 regulation of fat cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of brown fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070348 negative regulation of brown fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070347 regulation of brown fat cell proliferation Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of brown fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070349 positive regulation of brown fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070347 regulation of brown fat cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of brown fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070350 regulation of white fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070344 regulation of fat cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of white fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070351 negative regulation of white fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070350 regulation of white fat cell proliferation Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of white fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070352 positive regulation of white fat cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070350 regulation of white fat cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of white fat cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070365 hepatocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a hepatocyte. A hepatocyte is specialized epithelial cell that is organized into interconnected plates called lobules, and is the main structural component of the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070366 regulation of hepatocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070367 negative regulation of hepatocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070366 regulation of hepatocyte differentiation Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of hepatocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070368 positive regulation of hepatocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070366 regulation of hepatocyte differentiation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of hepatocyte differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070384 Harderian gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048732 gland development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the Harderian gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Harderian gland is an anterior orbital structure usually associated with the nictitating membrane, and produces and secretes a variety of substances to the eye, depending upon the species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070444 oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061351 neural precursor cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Oligodendrocyte progenitors give rise to oligodendrocytes, which form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070445 regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000177 regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070446 negative regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070445 regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070447 positive regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070445 regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070451 cell hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120025 plasma membrane bounded cell projection A long, thin cell projection that contains F-actin and tubulin, with microtubules centrally located and F-actin peripherally located. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070459 prolactin secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of prolactin, a peptide hormone that stimulates lactation, from secretory granules in the anterior pituitary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070527 platelet aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034109 homotypic cell-cell adhesion The adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070560 protein secretion by platelet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140029 exocytic process The regulated release of proteins by a platelet or group of platelets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070634 transepithelial ammonium transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070633 transepithelial transport The directed movement of ammonium ions from one side of an epithelium to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070743 interleukin-23 complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-23 alpha (p19, product of the IL23A gene) and an interleukin-12 beta (p40, product of the IL12B gene) subunit and is secreted into the extracellular space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070830 bicellular tight junction assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120192 tight junction assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a tight junction, an occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070831 basement membrane assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0085029 extracellular matrix assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a basement membrane, a part of the extracellular region that consists of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070857 regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904251 regulation of bile acid metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070858 negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904252 negative regulation of bile acid metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070859 positive regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904253 positive regulation of bile acid metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070986 left/right axis specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009798 axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the left/right axis. The left/right axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. Each side is defined from the viewpoint of the organism rather of the observer (as per anatomical axes). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071109 superior temporal gyrus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior temporal gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The superior temporal gyrus is a portion of the cerebral cortex that extends from the lateral sulcus to the superior temporal sulcus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071168 protein localization to chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0034502 protein localization to chromosome Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071169 establishment of protein localization to chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070199 establishment of protein localization to chromosome The directed movement of a protein to a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071214 cellular response to abiotic stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0104004 cellular response to environmental stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071244 cellular response to carbon dioxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010037 response to carbon dioxide Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon dioxide (CO2) stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071277 cellular response to calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071248 cellular response to metal ion Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071311 cellular response to acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010034 response to acetate Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetate stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071312 cellular response to alkaloid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043279 response to alkaloid Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkaloid stimulus. Alkaloids are a large group of nitrogenous substances found in naturally in plants, many of which have extracts that are pharmacologically active. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071318 cellular response to ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033198 response to ATP Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071326 cellular response to monosaccharide stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071322 cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monosaccharide stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071384 cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071383 cellular response to steroid hormone stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosteroid hormone stimulus. A corticosteroid is a steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. They include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071389 cellular response to mineralocorticoid stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071384 cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mineralocorticoid stimulus. Mineralocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol and characterized by their similarity to aldosterone. Mineralocorticoids act primarily on water and electrolyte balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071393 cellular response to progesterone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901655 cellular response to ketone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071394 cellular response to testosterone stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901655 cellular response to ketone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071398 cellular response to fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901701 cellular response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fatty acid stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071420 cellular response to histamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901699 cellular response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071425 hematopoietic stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072089 stem cell proliferation The expansion of a hematopoietic stem cell population by cell division. A hematopoietic stem cell is a stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071472 cellular response to salt stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009651 response to salt stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071476 cellular hypotonic response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071470 cellular response to osmotic stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hypotonic environment, i.e. an environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071477 cellular hypotonic salinity response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071476 cellular hypotonic response Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071542 dopaminergic neuron differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030182 neuron differentiation The process in which a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a dopaminergic neuron, a neuron that secretes dopamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071599 otic vesicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048839 inner ear development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the otic vesicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The otic vesicle is a transient embryonic structure formed during development of the vertebrate inner ear. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071623 negative regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071622 regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of granulocyte chemotaxis. Granulocyte chemotaxis is the movement of a granulocyte in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071624 positive regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071622 regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of granulocyte chemotaxis. Granulocyte chemotaxis is the movement of a granulocyte in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071626 mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022600 digestive system process The process of biting and mashing food with the teeth prior to swallowing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071670 smooth muscle cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014909 smooth muscle cell migration The directed movement of a smooth muscle cell in response to an external stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071671 regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014910 regulation of smooth muscle cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071672 negative regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071671 regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071673 positive regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071671 regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071676 negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071675 regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071677 positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071675 regulation of mononuclear cell migration Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071696 ectodermal placode development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of an ectodermal placode over time from its initial formation until its mature state. An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071697 ectodermal placode morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of an ectodermal placode are generated and organized. An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071698 olfactory placode development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071696 ectodermal placode development The progression of the olfactory placode over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071700 olfactory placode maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071695 anatomical structure maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the olfactory placode to attain its fully functional state. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071707 immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033152 immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination The process in which immunoglobulin heavy chain V, D, and J gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071708 immunoglobulin light chain V-J recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033152 immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination The process in which immunoglobulin light chain V and J gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071735 IgG immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgG isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgG immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071736 IgG immunoglobulin complex, circulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071735 IgG immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgG isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071738 IgD immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgD immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071739 IgD immunoglobulin complex, circulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071738 IgD immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071742 IgE immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgE isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgE immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071743 IgE immunoglobulin complex, circulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071742 IgE immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgE isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071745 IgA immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and sometimes complexed with J chain or J chain and secretory component. An IgA immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071746 IgA immunoglobulin complex, circulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071745 IgA immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, sometimes complexed with J chain or J chain and secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071753 IgM immunoglobulin complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019814 immunoglobulin complex A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and in its circulating form complexed with J chain in polymeric forms. An IgM immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071754 IgM immunoglobulin complex, circulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071753 IgM immunoglobulin complex A polymer of five or six IgM core units each composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds; the individual IgM core units are held together via disulfide bonds with a single J chain polypeptide acting as a bridge between two of the polymeric units. Circulating IgM is present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071764 nuclear outer membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071763 nuclear membrane organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear outer membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071834 mating pheromone secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030072 peptide hormone secretion The regulated release of a mating pheromone, a peptide hormone that induces a behavioral or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell, that contributes to a process of sexual reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071868 cellular response to monoamine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071867 response to monoamine Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monoamine stimulus. A monoamine is any of a group of molecular messengers that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071869 response to catecholamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014070 response to organic cyclic compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071870 cellular response to catecholamine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071869 response to catecholamine Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071871 response to epinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042221 response to chemical Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071872 cellular response to epinephrine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071871 response to epinephrine Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071873 response to norepinephrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901698 response to nitrogen compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071874 cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071873 response to norepinephrine Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071888 macrophage apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071887 leukocyte apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in a macrophage, a mononuclear phagocyte present in a variety of tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071890 bicarbonate binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043168 anion binding Binding to bicarbonate ions (CHO3-). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071895 odontoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060563 neuroepithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of neural crest origin acquires the specialized features of an odontoblast, a cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp whose biological function is the creation of dentin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071948 activation-induced B cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001783 B cell apoptotic process B cell apoptotic process that occurs upon engagement of either the B cell receptor or CD40. Engagement of either receptor, but not both, leads to expression of fas or related receptors that make the B cell susceptible to fas-ligand mediated death. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071953 elastic fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099512 supramolecular fiber An supramolecular fiber that consists of an insoluble core of polymerized tropoelastin monomers and a surrounding mantle of microfibrils. Elastic fibers provide elasticity and recoiling to tissues and organs, and maintain structural integrity against mechanical strain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071971 extracellular exosome assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070925 organelle assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an extracellular vesicular exosome, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Exosomes are defined by their size, which generally ranges from 30 nm to 100 nm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072003 kidney rudiment formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a kidney rudiment from unspecified parts. A kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072007 mesangial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904238 pericyte cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesangial cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072009 nephron epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072073 kidney epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nephron epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072010 glomerular epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072009 nephron epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus. The glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072011 glomerular endothelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072010 glomerular epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072012 glomerulus vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061440 kidney vasculature development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerulus vasculature from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the glomerulus vasculature and ends with the mature structure. The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072015 podocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072310 glomerular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular visceral epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072016 glomerular parietal epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072310 glomerular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular parietal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072019 proximal convoluted tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the proximal tubule and extends from the glomerular capsule to the proximal straight tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072020 proximal straight tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the proximal straight tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The proximal straight tubule is the part of the descending limb that extends from the proximal convoluted tubule to the descending thin tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072021 ascending thin limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an ascending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ascending thin limb is a segment of a nephron tubule lying in the inner medulla that is permeable to ions but not to water and has a simple epithelium; active transepithelial solute transport is absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072022 descending thin limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The descending thin limb is a part of the loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the loop of Henle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072023 thick ascending limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thick ascending limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thick ascending limb is the last part of the loop of Henle. Its thick, mitochondria-rich epithelium characterizes the outer medulla, and is responsible for very avid active salt transport. At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072024 macula densa development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072009 nephron epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072025 distal convoluted tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The distal convoluted tubule is the first segment of the nephron lying just downstream from the loop of Henle, immediately after the macula densa. Among other functions, in humans it is responsible for the reabsorption of about 5% of filtered sodium via the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl symporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072033 renal vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the renal vesicle from condensed mesenchymal cells. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072036 mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in renal vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060231 mesenchymal to epithelial transition A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the renal vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072038 mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035019 somatic stem cell population maintenance The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072039 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001053 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072040 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001054 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that reduces the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072041 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001055 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that increases the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072044 collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035295 tube development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The collecting duct responds to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. It is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072047 proximal/distal pattern formation involved in nephron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061004 pattern specification involved in kidney development The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of a nephron. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from the center of the kidney (proximal end) outward (distal end). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072048 renal system pattern specification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007389 pattern specification process Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate into the anatomical structures of the renal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072049 comma-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the comma-shaped body is generated and organized. The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072050 S-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which the S-shaped body is generated and organized. The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072051 juxtaglomerular apparatus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the juxtaglomerular apparatus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is an anatomical structure that lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072052 juxtaglomerulus cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061005 cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the juxtaglomerulus cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072053 renal inner medulla development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal inner medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal inner medulla is unique to mammalian kidneys and is the innermost region of the mammalian kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072054 renal outer medulla development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal outer medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072055 renal cortex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal cortex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072056 pyramid development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney pyramids over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Kidney pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072057 inner stripe development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner stripe over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thin descending and thick ascending portions of the loops of Henle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072058 outer stripe development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the outer stripe over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The outer stripe is the region of the kidney outer medulla that lies just below the cortex. The proximal straight tubules (S3) characterize this region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072059 cortical collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cortical collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072060 outer medullary collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072044 collecting duct development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the outer medullary collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072061 inner medullary collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072044 collecting duct development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner medullary collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072070 loop of Henle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072080 nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the loop of Henle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The loop of Henle is a nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072071 kidney interstitial fibroblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061005 cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the interstitial fibroblast of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072073 kidney epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072074 kidney mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060485 mesenchyme development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a kidney mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of kidney mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072075 metanephric mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072074 kidney mesenchyme development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of metanephric mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072076 nephrogenic mesenchyme development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072074 kidney mesenchyme development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nephrogenic mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of nephrogenic mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072077 renal vesicle morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of the renal vesicle are generated and organized. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072087 renal vesicle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072073 kidney epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal vesicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072088 nephron epithelium morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium The process in which the anatomical structures of the nephron epithelium are generated and organized. The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072091 regulation of stem cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072092 ureteric bud invasion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060560 developmental growth involved in morphogenesis The process in which the ureteric bud grows along its axis and contributes to the formation of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072093 metanephric renal vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072033 renal vesicle formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072099 anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061227 pattern specification involved in mesonephros development The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the ureteric bud along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072103 glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061439 kidney vasculature morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the glomerulus vasculature are generated and organized. The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072104 glomerular capillary formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001525 angiogenesis The process that gives rise to a glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072105 ureteric peristalsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014849 ureter smooth muscle contraction A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along the ureter, impelling the contents onwards. The ureter is one of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the kidney pelvis to the urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072106 regulation of ureteric bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905276 regulation of epithelial tube formation Any process that modulates the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072107 positive regulation of ureteric bud formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905278 positive regulation of epithelial tube formation Any process that increases the rate or extent of the developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072108 positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000698 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072109 glomerular mesangium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular mesangium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072112 podocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072311 glomerular epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glomerular visceral epithelial cell. A glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072120 pronephros maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048799 animal organ maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the pronephros to attain its fully functional state. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072127 renal capsule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061448 connective tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal capsule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. During development, it comprises a single layer of flattened cells that lie just above the cortical stroma and the condensed mesenchyme of the nephrogenic zone. It is in this region that the early stages of nephron induction and formation of new generations ureteric bud branches occur, as the kidney expands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072128 renal capsule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048729 tissue morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the renal capsule are generated and organized. The renal capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. During development, it comprises a single layer of flattened cells that lie just above the cortical stroma and the condensed mesenchyme of the nephrogenic zone. It is in this region that the early stages of nephron induction and formation of new generations ureteric bud branches occur, as the kidney expands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072129 renal capsule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048646 anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a renal capsule from unspecified parts. The renal capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. During development, it comprises a single layer of flattened cells that lie just above the cortical stroma and the condensed mesenchyme of the nephrogenic zone. It is in this region that the early stages of nephron induction and formation of new generations ureteric bud branches occur, as the kidney expands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072131 kidney mesenchyme morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072132 mesenchyme morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a kidney mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072133 metanephric mesenchyme morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072131 kidney mesenchyme morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. Metanephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072134 nephrogenic mesenchyme morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072131 kidney mesenchyme morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a nephrogenic mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. Nephrogenic mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the nephron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072138 mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureteric bud development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061209 cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population of the ureteric bud, that contributes to ureteric bud development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072139 glomerular parietal epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072311 glomerular epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glomerular parietal epithelial cell. Glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072141 renal interstitial fibroblast development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a renal interstitial fibroblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072142 juxtaglomerulus cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a juxtaglomerulus cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072143 mesangial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesangial cell in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072155 epithelial cell migration involved in nephron tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035787 cell migration involved in kidney development The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to nephron tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072157 epithelial cell migration involved in distal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072155 epithelial cell migration involved in nephron tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to distal tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072159 epithelial cell migration involved in proximal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072155 epithelial cell migration involved in nephron tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to proximal tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072161 mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001012 mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in renal system development The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072163 mesonephric epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072073 kidney epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium in the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072170 metanephric tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072207 metanephric epithelium development The progression of a metanephric tubule over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. A metanephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072171 mesonephric tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072078 nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric tubule are generated and organized. A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072172 mesonephric tubule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072079 nephron tubule formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric tubule from unspecified parts. A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072173 metanephric tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060562 epithelial tube morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric tubule are generated and organized from an epithelium. A metanephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072174 metanephric tubule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072175 epithelial tube formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072177 mesonephric duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072176 nephric duct development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric duct over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. A mesonephric duct is a tube drains the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072179 nephric duct formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072175 epithelial tube formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephric duct. A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072180 mesonephric duct morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072171 mesonephric tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric duct are generated and organized. A mesonephric duct is a tube drains the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072181 mesonephric duct formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072180 mesonephric duct morphogenesis The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric duct. A mesonephric duct is a tube that drains the mesonephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072182 regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000696 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072183 negative regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090185 negative regulation of kidney development Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072190 ureter urothelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060429 epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the urothelium of the ureter over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The urothelium is an epithelium that makes up the epithelial tube of the ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072191 ureter smooth muscle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048745 smooth muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle in the ureter over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072193 ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051145 smooth muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell in the ureter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072194 kidney smooth muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048745 smooth muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072198 mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010463 mesenchymal cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population of the ureter, that contributes to ureter development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072199 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010464 regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the ureter gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072200 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072201 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the ureter gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072201 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072203 cell proliferation involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072111 cell proliferation involved in kidney development The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the population in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072204 cell-cell signaling involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060995 cell-cell signaling involved in kidney development Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072205 metanephric collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072044 collecting duct development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a collecting duct in the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The collecting duct responds to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. The collecting duct is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072206 metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072051 juxtaglomerular apparatus development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is an anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072207 metanephric epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072073 kidney epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium in the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072208 metanephric smooth muscle tissue development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072194 kidney smooth muscle tissue development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle in the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072210 metanephric nephron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072006 nephron development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nephron in the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072211 metanephric pyramids development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072056 pyramid development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric pyramids over time, from their formation to the mature structures. Metanephric pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a metanephros; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072213 metanephric capsule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072127 renal capsule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric capsule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the metanephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072214 metanephric cortex development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072055 renal cortex development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric cortex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric cortex is the outer region of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072216 positive regulation of metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090184 positive regulation of kidney development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of metanephros development. Metanephros development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephros is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072218 metanephric ascending thin limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric ascending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric ascending thin limb is a segment of a nephron tubule in the metanephros lying in the inner medulla that is permeable to ions but not to water and has a simple epithelium; active transepithelial solute transport is absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072219 metanephric cortical collecting duct development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072059 cortical collecting duct development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric cortical collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric cortical collecting duct is the portion of the metanephric collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072220 metanephric descending thin limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072022 descending thin limb development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric descending thin limb is a part of the metanephric loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the metanephric loop of Henle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072221 metanephric distal convoluted tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric distal convoluted tubule is the first segment of the metanephric nephron lying just downstream from the loop of Henle, immediately after the macula densa. Among other functions, in humans it is responsible for the reabsorption of about 5% of filtered sodium via the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl symporter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072223 metanephric glomerular mesangium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072109 glomerular mesangium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric glomerular mesangium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric glomerular mesangium is the thin membrane connective tissue composed of mesangial cells in the metanephros, which helps to support the capillary loops in a renal glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072224 metanephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032835 glomerulus development The progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072227 metanephric macula densa development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072243 metanephric nephron epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the metanephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072229 metanephric proximal convoluted tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the metanephric proximal tubule and extends from the metanephric glomerular capsule to the metanephric proximal straight tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072230 metanephric proximal straight tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric proximal straight tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric proximal straight tubule is the part of the metanephric descending limb that extends from the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule to the metanephric descending thin tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072233 metanephric thick ascending limb development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric thick ascending limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric thick ascending limb is the last part of the metanephric loop of Henle. Its thick, mitochondria-rich epithelium characterizes the outer medulla, and is responsible for very avid active salt transport. At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072243 metanephric nephron epithelium development The progression of a metanephric nephron tubule over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephric nephron, the functional part of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072235 metanephric distal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric distal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that begins at the metanephric macula densa and extends to the metanephric connecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072236 metanephric loop of Henle development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric loop of Henle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric loop of Henle is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072237 metanephric proximal tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072234 metanephric nephron tubule development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric proximal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric proximal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle in the metanephros. It has a brush border epithelial morphology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072239 metanephric glomerulus vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072012 glomerulus vasculature development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric glomerulus vasculature from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the metanephric glomerulus vasculature and ends with the mature structure. The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072243 metanephric nephron epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072207 metanephric epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric nephron epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. The metanephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072244 metanephric glomerular epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072243 metanephric nephron epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric glomerular epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus in the metanephros. The metanephric glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072248 metanephric podocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072312 metanephric glomerular epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072249 metanephric podocyte development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072313 metanephric glomerular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072257 metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072160 nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the metanephric nephron tubule as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072264 metanephric glomerular endothelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072244 metanephric glomerular epithelium development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric glomerular endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072265 metanephric capsule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072128 renal capsule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric capsule are generated and organized. The metanephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the metanephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072266 metanephric capsule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072129 renal capsule formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric capsule from unspecified parts. The metanephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the metanephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072268 pattern specification involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061004 pattern specification involved in kidney development Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the metanephros to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072272 proximal/distal pattern formation involved in metanephric nephron development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072268 pattern specification involved in metanephros development The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of a nephron in the metanephros. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from the center of the kidney (proximal end) outward (distal end). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072273 metanephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072028 nephron morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric nephron are generated and organized. A metanephric nephron is the functional unit of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072275 metanephric glomerulus morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072102 glomerulus morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric glomerulus are generated and organized. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072276 metanephric glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072103 glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric glomerulus vasculature are generated and organized. The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072277 metanephric glomerular capillary formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072104 glomerular capillary formation The process that gives rise to a metanephric glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072278 metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072049 comma-shaped body morphogenesis The process in which the metanephric comma-shaped body is generated and organized. The metanephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the metanephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072282 metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072173 metanephric tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric nephron tubule are generated and organized. A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the metanephric nephron, the functional part of the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072284 metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072050 S-shaped body morphogenesis The process in which the metanephric S-shaped body is generated and organized. The metanephric S-shaped body is the successor of the metanephric comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072285 mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephric renal vesicle formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072036 mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in renal vesicle formation A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephric renal vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072287 metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072282 metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric distal tubule are generated and organized. The metanephric distal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the metanephric connecting tubule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072288 metanephric proximal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072282 metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of a metanephric proximal tubule are generated and organized. The metanephric proximal tubule is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle in the metanephros. It has a brush border epithelial morphology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072289 metanephric nephron tubule formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072174 metanephric tubule formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072290 epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072155 epithelial cell migration involved in nephron tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072291 epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072290 epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072292 epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric proximal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072290 epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to metanephric proximal tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072298 regulation of metanephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090192 regulation of glomerulus development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of metanephric glomerulus development, the progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072299 negative regulation of metanephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090194 negative regulation of glomerulus development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of metanephric glomerulus development, the progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072300 positive regulation of metanephric glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090193 positive regulation of glomerulus development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of metanephric glomerulus development, the progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072304 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900211 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072305 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900212 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development Any process that reduces the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072306 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900213 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development Any process that increases the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the metanephros. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072307 regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072182 regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072308 negative regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072307 regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072309 mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072038 mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in nephron morphogenesis The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the metanephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072310 glomerular epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002064 epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the glomerulus; there are two types, glomerular parietal epithelial cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072311 glomerular epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035850 epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glomerular epithelial cell. Glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the glomerulus; there are two types, glomerular parietal epithelial cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072312 metanephric glomerular epithelial cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072311 glomerular epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072313 metanephric glomerular epithelial cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072310 glomerular epithelial cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072344 rescue of stalled ribosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032790 ribosome disassembly A process of translational elongation that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, and results in freeing the ribosome from the stalled translation complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072360 vascular cord development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The progression of the vascular cord over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072520 seminiferous tubule development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048608 reproductive structure development The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seminiferous tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Seminiferous tubules are ducts located in the testicles, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of gametes, namely spermatozoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072538 T-helper 17 type immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002460 adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria with a key role in inflammation and tissue injury. This immune response is associated with pathological autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis and psoriasis which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 17 cells, most notably interleukin-17, IL-21 and IL-22. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072539 T-helper 17 cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042093 T-helper cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires the specialized features of a T-helper 17 (Th17) cell. A Th17 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072554 blood vessel lumenization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis The process in which a developing blood vessel forms an endothelial lumen through which blood will flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072560 type B pancreatic cell maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002071 glandular epithelial cell maturation A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a type B pancreatic cell to attain its fully functional state. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072574 hepatocyte proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072575 epithelial cell proliferation involved in liver morphogenesis The multiplication or reproduction of hepatocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Hepatocytes form the main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072575 epithelial cell proliferation involved in liver morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072576 liver morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022612 gland morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the liver are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072577 endothelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in an endothelial cell. An endothelial cell comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072592 oxygen metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving diatomic oxygen (O2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072656 maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072595 maintenance of protein localization in organelle Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a mitochondrion, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072662 protein localization to peroxisome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location in a peroxisome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072664 maintenance of protein location in peroxisome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072595 maintenance of protein localization in organelle Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a peroxisome, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072665 protein localization to vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033365 protein localization to organelle A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location in a vacuole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072667 maintenance of protein location in vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072595 maintenance of protein localization in organelle Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a vacuole, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072674 multinuclear osteoclast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030316 osteoclast differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a multinuclear osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072679 thymocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072678 T cell migration The movement of a thymocyte through distinct intrathymic niches (e.g. medulla, cortex), where it receives a unique set of developmental cues required for T-cell development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072686 mitotic spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005819 spindle A spindle that forms as part of mitosis. Mitotic and meiotic spindles contain distinctive complements of proteins associated with microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072687 meiotic spindle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005819 spindle A spindle that forms as part of meiosis. Several proteins, such as budding yeast Spo21p, fission yeast Spo2 and Spo13, and C. elegans mei-1, localize specifically to the meiotic spindle and are absent from the mitotic spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080144 intracellular amino acid homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of amino acids within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090183 regulation of kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of kidney development. Kidney development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090184 positive regulation of kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090183 regulation of kidney development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of kidney development. Kidney development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090185 negative regulation of kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090183 regulation of kidney development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of kidney development. Kidney development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090189 regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090183 regulation of kidney development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090191 negative regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090189 regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis, the process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090192 regulation of glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090183 regulation of kidney development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of glomerulus development, the progression of the glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090193 positive regulation of glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090192 regulation of glomerulus development Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glomerulus development, the progression of the glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090194 negative regulation of glomerulus development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090192 regulation of glomerulus development Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of glomerulus development, the progression of the glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090214 spongiotrophoblast layer developmental growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048589 developmental growth The increase in size or mass of the spongiotrophoblast layer of the placenta where the increase in size or mass contributes to the progression of that layer over time from its formation to its mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090425 acinar cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002067 glandular epithelial cell differentiation The epithelial cell differentiation process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an acinar cell, a secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape-shaped clusters known as acini. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097084 vascular associated smooth muscle cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055001 muscle cell development The process aimed at the progression of a vascular smooth muscle cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. A vascular smooth muscle cell is a non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the blood vessels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097094 craniofacial suture morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis The process in which any suture between cranial and/or facial bones is generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097186 amelogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042475 odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth The process whose specific outcome is the formation of tooth enamel, occurring in two stages: secretory stage and maturation stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097300 programmed necrotic cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012501 programmed cell death A necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097306 cellular response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097305 response to alcohol Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alcohol stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097530 granulocyte migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097529 myeloid leukocyte migration The movement of a granulocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097712 vesicle targeting, trans-Golgi to periciliary membrane compartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048199 vesicle targeting, to, from or within Golgi The process in which vesicles formed at the trans-Golgi network are directed to the plasma membrane surrounding the base of the cilium, including the ciliary pocket, mediated by molecules at the vesicle membrane and target membrane surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097732 9+2 non-motile cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097730 non-motile cilium A non-motile cilium where the axoneme has a ring of nine outer microtubule doublets plus two central microtubules (and is therefore called a 9+2 axoneme). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097734 extracellular exosome biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140112 extracellular vesicle biogenesis The assembly and secretion of an extracellular exosome, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098771 inorganic ion homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048878 chemical homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of inorganic ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099124 axonal dopamine secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014046 dopamine secretion The regulated release of dopamine from an axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099565 chemical synaptic transmission, postsynaptic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050877 nervous system process The part of synaptic transmission occurring in the post-synapse: a signal transduction pathway consisting of neurotransmitter receptor activation and its effects on postsynaptic membrane potential and the ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900064 positive regulation of peroxisome organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010638 positive regulation of organelle organization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peroxisome organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900120 regulation of receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043393 regulation of protein binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a protein or other molecule binding to a receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900121 negative regulation of receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900120 regulation of receptor binding Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a protein or other molecule binding to a receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900122 positive regulation of receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900120 regulation of receptor binding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a protein or other molecule binding to a receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900211 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001053 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900212 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001054 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900213 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001055 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901145 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097152 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any mesenchymal cell apoptotic process that is involved in nephron morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901146 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901145 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis Any mesenchymal cell apoptotic process that is involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901147 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901145 mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis Any mesenchymal cell apoptotic process that is involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901343 negative regulation of vasculature development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901342 regulation of vasculature development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901464 negative regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901463 regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901465 positive regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901463 regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901653 cellular response to peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901701 cellular response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901722 regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in kidney development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901723 negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901722 regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in kidney development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901724 positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901722 regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in kidney development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901963 regulation of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000136 regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902019 regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000145 regulation of cell motility Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902093 positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flagellated sperm motility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902337 regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904748 regulation of apoptotic process involved in development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902338 negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902337 regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902339 positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902337 regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902414 protein localization to cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008104 protein localization A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cell junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902866 regulation of retina development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retina development in camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902867 negative regulation of retina development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902866 regulation of retina development in camera-type eye Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retina development in camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902868 positive regulation of retina development in camera-type eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902866 regulation of retina development in camera-type eye Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retina development in camera-type eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903296 positive regulation of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051968 positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate secretion, where glutamate acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903317 regulation of protein maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051246 regulation of protein metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein maturation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903464 negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903463 regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903489 positive regulation of lactation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903487 regulation of lactation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lactation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903521 positive regulation of mammary gland involution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903519 regulation of mammary gland involution Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland involution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903561 extracellular vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031982 vesicle Any vesicle that is part of the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903867 extraembryonic membrane development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an extraembryonic membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904019 epithelial cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 apoptotic process Any apoptotic process in an epithelial cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904238 pericyte cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a pericyte cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904251 regulation of bile acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bile acid metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904252 negative regulation of bile acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904251 regulation of bile acid metabolic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bile acid metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904253 positive regulation of bile acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904251 regulation of bile acid metabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bile acid metabolic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904672 regulation of somatic stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000036 regulation of stem cell population maintenance Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell population maintenance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904673 negative regulation of somatic stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904672 regulation of somatic stem cell population maintenance Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell population maintenance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904674 positive regulation of somatic stem cell population maintenance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904672 regulation of somatic stem cell population maintenance Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell population maintenance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905153 regulation of membrane invagination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051128 regulation of cellular component organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of membrane invagination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905154 negative regulation of membrane invagination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905153 regulation of membrane invagination Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of membrane invagination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905155 positive regulation of membrane invagination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905153 regulation of membrane invagination Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of membrane invagination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905276 regulation of epithelial tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000026 regulation of multicellular organismal development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial tube formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905278 positive regulation of epithelial tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905276 regulation of epithelial tube formation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial tube formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905292 regulation of neural crest cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000736 regulation of stem cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neural crest cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905293 negative regulation of neural crest cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905292 regulation of neural crest cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neural crest cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905294 positive regulation of neural crest cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905292 regulation of neural crest cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural crest cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905349 ciliary transition zone assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022607 cellular component assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ciliary transition zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905516 positive regulation of fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000243 positive regulation of reproductive process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fertilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905634 regulation of protein localization to chromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to chromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905692 endoplasmic reticulum disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903008 organelle disassembly The disaggregation of an endoplasmic reticulum into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905809 negative regulation of synapse organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051129 negative regulation of cellular component organization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synapse organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990748 cellular detoxification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098754 detoxification Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000183 negative regulation of progesterone biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010894 negative regulation of steroid biosynthetic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone biosynthetic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000543 positive regulation of gastrulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010470 regulation of gastrulation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gastrulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000698 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030858 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000725 regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051153 regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000726 negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000725 regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000727 positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000725 regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000794 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050678 regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001012 mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in renal system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048762 mesenchymal cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of the renal system as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001013 epithelial cell proliferation involved in renal tubule morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050673 epithelial cell proliferation Any epithelial cell proliferation that is involved in renal tubule morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001053 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042981 regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001054 negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001053 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001055 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001053 regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001138 regulation of phospholipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032368 regulation of lipid transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001139 negative regulation of phospholipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001138 regulation of phospholipid transport Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001140 positive regulation of phospholipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2001138 regulation of phospholipid transport Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid transport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009054 insulin gene translation product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000045358 insulin family protein An insulin family protein that is a translation product of the human INS gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009127 integrin alpha-IIb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025797 integrin alpha lacking A domain An integrin alpha lacking A domain that is a translation product of the human ITGA2B gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009182 insulin-like growth factor I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human IGF1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009758 leptin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human LEP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000009978 lactotransferrin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human LTF gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000010228 myelin basic protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human MBP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011107 nebulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human NEB gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011178 nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001753 transcription factor NF-kappa-B subunit A transcription factor NF-kappa-B subunit that is a translation product of the human NFKB2 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000011374 atrial natriuretic factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human NPPA gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000012037 alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human ORM1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013164 pancreatic prohormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human PPY gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013246 prolactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029968 somatotropin hormone family member A somatotropin hormone family member that is a translation product of the human PRL gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013429 parathyroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human PTH gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000013883 renin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000050025 angiotensinogenase An angiotensinogenase that is a translation product of the human REN gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025797 integrin alpha lacking A domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025796 integrin alpha An integrin alpha that lacks an A domain. This type of integrin is often cleaved into heavy and light chains. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000045358 insulin family protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of a gene that encodes a standalone Insulin (Pfam:PF00049) domain preceded by a signal peptide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036008 angiotensin I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018932 angiotensinogen proteolytic cleavage product An angiotensinogen proteolytic cleavage product that is formed via the action of renin on angiotensinogen, signal peptide removed form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036009 angiotensin II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018932 angiotensinogen proteolytic cleavage product An angiotensinogen proteolytic cleavage product that is formed via the action of angiotensin converting enzyme on angiotensin I. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q62226 sonic hedgehog protein (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A sonic hedgehog protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_O35305 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_O43490 prominin-1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A prominin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_O54990 prominin-1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A prominin-1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P0CW03 lymphocyte antigen 6C2 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A lymphocyte antigen 6C2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P10810 monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD14 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P11836 B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P12018 immunoglobulin iota chain (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An immunoglobulin iota chain that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P13379 T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P13595 neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A neural cell adhesion molecule 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P14136 glial fibrillary acidic protein (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A glial fibrillary acidic protein that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P15379 CD44 antigen (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD44 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P15702 leukosialin (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A leukosialin that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P15814 immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P15918 V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P15919 V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A V(D)J recombination-activating protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P15976 erythroid transcription factor (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein An erythroid transcription factor that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P49238 CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (human) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029067 Homo sapiens protein A CX3C chemokine receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P50283 T-cell antigen CD7 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CD7 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P51683 C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A C-C chemokine receptor type 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P53566 CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q2VLH6 scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A scavenger receptor cysteine-rich type 1 protein M130 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q61391 neprilysin (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A neprilysin that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q61575 forkhead box protein N1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A forkhead box protein N1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q8CG65 SCO-spondin (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A SCO-spondin that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q9Z0D9 CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (mouse) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000029032 Mus musculus protein A CX3C chemokine receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000704 gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000110 sequence_feature A region (or regions) that includes all of the sequence elements necessary to encode a functional transcript. A gene may include regulatory regions, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001065 innate lymphoid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A lymphocyte that lacks characteristic T cell, B cell, myeloid cell, and dendritic cell markers, that functions as part of the innate immune response to produce cytokines and other effector responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036214 rectosigmoid junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410024 intestinal junction An anatomical junction that is between the sigmoid colon and rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140096 catalytic activity, acting on a protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalytic activity that acts to modify a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140097 catalytic activity, acting on DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140640 catalytic activity, acting on a nucleic acid Catalytic activity that acts to modify DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140098 catalytic activity, acting on RNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140640 catalytic activity, acting on a nucleic acid Catalytic activity that acts to modify RNA, driven by ATP hydrolysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140103 catalytic activity, acting on a glycoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures in which one of the substrates is a glycoprotein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030258 small mandibular condyloid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004595 abnormal mandibular condyloid process morphology reduced size of the round bump of bone and constricted neck portion that arises from the upper surface of the mandibular ramus (perpendicular portion) and articulates with the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030540 misaligned teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology abnormal alignment, positioning, or spacing of the teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020531 increased cerebellar foliation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000857 abnormal cerebellar foliation the cerebellar lobules are increased in size or number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020532 abnormal pons size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology a deviation from the normal size of the pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020533 decreased pons size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020532 abnormal pons size decreased size of or number of the nerve fibers in the pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020534 increased pons size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020532 abnormal pons size increased size of or number of the nerve fibers in the pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020535 abnormal subiculum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008287 abnormal subiculum morphology a deviation from the normal size of the subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020536 increased subiculum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020535 abnormal subiculum size increase in the size of the subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020537 decreased subiculum size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020535 abnormal subiculum size decreased size of the subiculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020538 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009983 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus morphology a deviation from the normal size of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020539 increased cerebellum fastigial nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020538 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus size increased size of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020540 decreased cerebellum fastigial nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020538 abnormal cerebellum fastigial nucleus size decreased size of the cerebellum fastigial nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020541 abnormal substantia nigra size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000836 abnormal substantia nigra morphology a deviation from the normal size of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020542 increased substantia nigra size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020541 abnormal substantia nigra size increased size of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020543 decreased substantia nigra size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020541 abnormal substantia nigra size decreased size of the substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020544 abnormal hippocampal fornix size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003006 abnormal hippocampal fornix morphology a deviation from the normal size of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020545 decreased hippocampal fornix size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020544 abnormal hippocampal fornix size decreased size of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020546 increased hippocampal fornix size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020544 abnormal hippocampal fornix size increased size of the hippocampal fornix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020547 abnormal optic chiasm size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009770 abnormal optic chiasm morphology a deviation from the normal size of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020548 decreased optic chiasm size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020547 abnormal optic chiasm size decreased size of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020549 increased optic chiasm size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020547 abnormal optic chiasm size increased size of the optic chiasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020550 multinucleated giant male germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006362 abnormal male germ cell morphology presence of large cells containing multiple nuclei formed abnormal opening of the cytoplasmic bridges that are part of normal germ cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020551 abnormal postsynaptic density morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020360 abnormal asymmetric synapse morphology any structural anomaly of the electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymmetric, neuron-neuron synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030732 increased gamma-aminobutyric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030731 abnormal gamma-aminobutyric acid level increase in the amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid, a non-proteinogenic gamma-amino acid that is not incorporated into proteins and acts as the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030642 decreased methionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030640 abnormal methionine level reduction in the amount of methionine, a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020820 absent segment of superior cerebellar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014015 abnormal superior cerebellar artery morphology absence of a portion of the superior cerebellar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030662 decreased circulating arginine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030665 decreased arginine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha- is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020854 increased corneal epithelium thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020853 abnormal corneal epithelium thickness increase in the width or number of cell layers of the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030875 abnormal cartilaginous joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology any structural anomaly of any joint that lacks a joint cavity and involves bones that are joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage; there are two main types: synchondroses (or primary cartilaginous joints) where the bones are united by hyaline cartilage, and symphyses (or secondary cartilaginous joints) where the bones are united by a layer of fibrocartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030588 decreased pancreatic alpha cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030587 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell mass reduced total physical bulk or volume of a pancreatic alpha cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140375 immune receptor activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038023 signaling receptor activity Receiving a signal and transmitting it in a cell to initiate an immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140448 signaling receptor ligand precursor processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016485 protein processing The cleavage of a peptide bond in a precursor form of a signaling receptor ligand, resulting in the mature (active) form of the ligand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062236 ionocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030855 epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of an ionocyte. Ionocytes are specialized epithelial cells that contribute to osmotic homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062237 protein localization to postsynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035418 protein localization to synapse Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained at the postsynapse, the part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031080 pulmonary embolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002295 abnormal pulmonary circulation an embolus (an abnormal particle circulating in the blood) located in the pulmonary artery and thereby blocking blood circulation to the lung; usually the embolus is a blood clot that has developed in an extremity (for instance, a deep venous thrombosis), detached, and traveled through the circulation before becoming trapped in the pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031081 abnormal circulating D-dimer level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of this fibrin degradation product (FDP), a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis; D-dimer constitutes two adjacent fibrin D domains that are cross-linked and released as an intact fragment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031082 decreased circulating D-dimer level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031081 abnormal circulating D-dimer level reduced concentration in the blood of this fibrin degradation product (FDP), a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031083 increased circulating D-dimer level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031081 abnormal circulating D-dimer level increased concentration in the blood of this fibrin degradation product (FDP), a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis; elevations can occur as a result of thrombotic disease (such as deep-vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or disseminated intravascular coagulation), in vasoocclusive crisis of sickle cell anemia, in malignancies, and in surgery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031084 decreased erythrocyte osmotic fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003657 abnormal erythrocyte osmotic lysis decreased propensity of erythrocytes to hemolyze when exposed to increasingly hypotonic saline solutions; seen in chronic liver disease, iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, hyponatremia, polycythemia vera, and sickle cell anemia after splenectomy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031085 increased erythrocyte osmotic fragility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003657 abnormal erythrocyte osmotic lysis increased propensity of erythrocytes to hemolyze when exposed to increasingly hypotonic saline solutions; seen in hereditary spherocytosis, some forms of hemolytic anemia, and hypernatremia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031086 wheezing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001950 abnormal respiratory sounds a high-pitched whistling sound associated with labored breathing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031087 abnormal pneumocyte desquamation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002273 abnormal pulmonary alveolus epithelial cell morphology any anomaly in the shedding of alveolar epithelial cells into the alveolar space in response to infection/injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031088 coughing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology a sudden expulsion of air through the large breathing passages that can help clear them of fluids, irritants, foreign particles and microbes; as a protective reflex, coughing can be repetitive with the cough reflex following three phases: an inhalation, a forced exhalation against a closed glottis, and a violent release of air from the lungs following opening of the glottis, usually accompanied by a distinctive sound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031089 sneezing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology a semi-autonomous, convulsive expulsion of air from the lungs through the nose and mouth, usually caused by foreign particles irritating the nasal mucosa; a sneeze expels air forcibly from the mouth and nose in an explosive, audible, spasmodic involuntary action resulting chiefly from irritation of the nasal mucous membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031090 ageusia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity complete absence or loss of the sense of taste, i.e. inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (pleasant/savory taste) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031091 hypogeusia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001986 abnormal taste sensitivity partial loss of taste or reduced ability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness and/or umami (pleasant/savory taste); may be general to all tastants, partial to some tastants, or specific to one or more tastants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031092 dysgeusia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001985 abnormal gustatory system physiology a distortion or an alteration in the perception of a tastant; an unpleasant perception may occur when a normally pleasant taste is present, or the perception may occur when no tastant is present http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031093 multiple organ failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis altered function in two or more organ systems during an acute illness such that homeostasis cannot be maintained without intervention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031095 pharyngitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins and leukocytes in the pharynx, most often caused by viral or bacterial infections; less common causes include allergies, trauma, cancer, reflux, and certain toxins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031096 conjunctival hyperemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006192 abnormal conjunctival vasculature morphology abnormal dilatation of the blood vessels of the conjunctiva leading to a red appearance of the sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031097 conjunctival chemosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001785 edema abnormal swelling (or edema) of the conjunctiva; in chemosis, the integrity of conjunctival capillaries is compromised, leading to increased permeability and leakage of serous fluid; causes include conjunctival irritation, infection, inflammation, trauma, and severe intraorbital inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031098 abnormal sputum production http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology any anomaly in the amount of material expectorated (coughed up) from the respiratory system; sputum is composed of mucus but may contain other substances such as pus, blood, microorganisms, and fibrin in disease states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031099 abnormal sputum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002132 abnormal respiratory system morphology any anomaly in the gross appearance or other physical characteristics of sputum, that is, the material expectorated (coughed up) from the respiratory system, including its color, consistency, taste, and smell; sputum is composed of mucus but may contain other substances such as pus, blood, microorganisms, and fibrin in disease states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031100 hemoptysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031099 abnormal sputum morphology expectoration (coughing up) of blood or blood-tinged sputum from the lungs or tracheobronchial tree http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031101 nasal obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002237 abnormal nasal cavity morphology a blockage within the nasal cavity, resulting in insufficient airflow through the nose; causes of obstruction include swelling of the mucous membrane (nasal congestion), nasal polyps, nasopharyngeal carcinoma or foreign bodies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031102 rhinorrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002133 abnormal respiratory system physiology increased discharge of fluid (typically a watery mucus fluid) from the nose; a common symptom of allergies or certain viral infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031103 skin rash http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001191 abnormal skin condition an eruption in the skin which affects its appearance and/or texture; a rash may be localized to one part of the body, or affect all the skin; rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, dry, cracked or blistered, swell and may be painful http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031104 crackles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001950 abnormal respiratory sounds fine, short, high-pitched, intermittently crackling sounds heard in a lung field that has fluid in the small airways; crackles are commonly heard in the bases of the lung lobes during inspiration; the cause of crackles can be from air passing through fluid, pus or mucus; crackles can be further categorised as coarse or fine: the sound quality of fine crackles is similar to the sound of hair rubbed between your fingers near the ear and may be heard in congestive heart failure and pulmonary fibrosis; coarse crackles are lower-pitched and moist-sounding, like pouring water out of a bottle or ripping open velcro, and are often a sign of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), early congestive heart failure, asthma and pulmonary edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031105 rhonchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001950 abnormal respiratory sounds continuous low-pitched, rattling lung sounds that often resemble snoring, frequently caused by obstruction or secretions in larger airways; they can be heard in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, or cystic fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031106 abnormal susceptibility to pulmonary hyaline membrane formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology a change in the likelihood that an organism will form an eosinophilic hyaline (glass-like) material composed of fibrin, proteinaceous exudate and cellular debris, and lining or filling the alveoli, alveolar ducts and bronchioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031107 abnormal circulating myoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level anomaly in the blood level of myoglobin, a low molecular weight oxygen binding heme protein that is normally found exclusively in heart and skeletal muscle cells; in blood, myoglobin is bound primarily to plasma globulins, a complex which is filtered by the kidneys; if the plasma concentration exceeds the plasma binding capacity, myoglobin begins to appear in the urine; monitoring myoglobin levels in blood (and urine) has been used as a means to detect skeletal or cardiac muscle cell injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031108 increased circulating myoglobin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031107 abnormal circulating myoglobin level increased blood level of myoglobin, a low molecular weight oxygen binding heme protein that is normally found exclusively in heart and skeletal muscle cells; in blood, myoglobin is bound primarily to plasma globulins, a complex which is filtered by the kidneys; if the plasma concentration exceeds the plasma binding capacity, myoglobin begins to appear in the urine; myoglobin is rapidly released into the bloodstream after muscle damage, and thus can be a useful biomarker in the early phases of heart or skeletal muscle injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020973 abnormal gland development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002163 abnormal gland morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020981 abnormal immune system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000685 abnormal immune system morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system whose objective is to provide calibrated responses by an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat, over time, from its formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020982 abnormal skin adnexa development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology any anomaly in the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tissues or structures associated with or embedded in the skin over time, from formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031216 decreased susceptibility to myocardial ischemic injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031215 abnormal response to myocardial ischemic injury less severe response, such as decreased incidence and/or size of necrotic tissue, to lack of adequate blood flow resulting from trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of the myocardium compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031217 increased susceptibility to myocardial ischemic injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031215 abnormal response to myocardial ischemic injury more severe response, such as increased incidence and/or size of necrotic tissue, to lack of adequate blood flow resulting from trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of the myocardium compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_167164 mineral nutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant A mineral that is an inorganic nutrient which must be ingested and absorbed in adequate amounts to satisfy a wide range of essential metabolic and/or structural functions in the human body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140640 catalytic activity, acting on a nucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003824 catalytic activity Catalytic activity that acts to modify a nucleic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140657 ATP-dependent activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003674 gene product or complex activity A molecular function characterized by the coupling of ATP hydrolysis to other steps of a reaction mechanism to make the reaction energetically favorable, for example to catalyze a reaction or drive transport against a concentration gradient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0160020 positive regulation of ferroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043068 positive regulation of programmed cell death Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0160024 Leydig cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283 cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of Leydig cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Leydig cells are interstitial cells located adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testis which produce testosterone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140820 cytosol to Golgi apparatus transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The directed movement of substances from the cytosol into the Golgi apparatus of a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140828 metal cation:monoatomic cation antiporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046873 metal ion transmembrane transporter activity Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + Na+(in) = solute(in) + Na+(out). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033000 endothelial cell of venule of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) venule of lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140980 intracellular nucleoside homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of nucleosides within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600004 visceral muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue A muscle tissue that is associated with soft internal organs (viscera). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033018 lung megakaryocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A megakaryocyte that is resident in the lung connective tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0141067 intracellular nitrogen homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of nitrogen within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033054 perivascular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A cell that is adjacent to a vessel. A perivascular cell plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular function and tissue homeostasis. This cell type regulates vessel integrity and flow dynamics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4040004 mesenchymal stem cell of orbital adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002570 mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue Any mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue that is part of an orbital region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_228364 NMR chemical shift reference compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role Any compound that produces a peak used to reference an NMR spectrum during data pre-processing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170034 L-amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170033 L-amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-amino acids, the L-enantiomers of amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170035 L-amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170033 L-amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an L-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170038 proteinogenic amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170039 proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any amino acid that is incorporated into protein naturally by ribosomal translation of mRNA, and that has a specific codon for translation from mRNA to protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170039 proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving any amino acid that is incorporated into protein naturally by ribosomal translation of mRNA, and that has a specific codon for translation from mRNA to protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170040 proteinogenic amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170039 proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any amino acid that is incorporated into protein naturally by ribosomal translation of mRNA, and that has a specific codon for translation from mRNA to protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170043 non-proteinogenic amino acid biosynthetic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170041 non-proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of non-proteinogenic amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170044 non-proteinogenic amino acid catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170041 non-proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-proteinogenic amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014391 increased hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014341 abnormal hepatocyte mitochondrial morphology greater than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a hepatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014397 increased fat cell mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014398 abnormal fat cell mitochondrial morphology greater than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of an adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014395 increased myocardial fiber mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014393 increased muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content greater than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a myocardial fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014386 decreased muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011639 decreased mitochondrial DNA content less than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014402 abnormal Reissner's fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003632 abnormal nervous system morphology any structural anomaly in the acellular strand that runs from subcommissural organ caudally through the ventricular system and central canal to the ampulla caudalis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_0 pathological entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_1000 pathological phenotype observation Pathological structure or process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_1 cell and tissue damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_603 pathological anatomical entity The sum of morphological and functional disturbances induced by cell and tissue damage, either from intrinsic gene dysfunction or as a result of external factors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_105 circulatory disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_603 pathological anatomical entity Lesions leading to or consequent on failure of, or atypical movement of, blood throughout the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_121 hematoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_119 hemorrhage and non-specified extravasation A localised deposition of clotted or partially clotted extravasated blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_126 growth and differentiation defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_603 pathological anatomical entity Defects in growth (changes in proliferation or mass) and differentiation of cells tissues or organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_127 atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_604 defective growth and differentiation process A reduction in size of organs or tissues as a result of cell death, loss of cellularity of whatever cause, reduced cellular proliferation or decreased cellular volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_14 process of degenerative change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_597 cell and tissue damage process A pathological process of loss or degradation of function, or structural integrity, of a tissue, organ or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_149 squamous hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_602 hyperplastic tissue Benign proliferation of epidermal cells with hyperkeratosis. Variable growth pattern, regular to papillary (exophytic squamous cell hyperplasia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_150 acanthosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_149 squamous hyperplasia Hyperplasia of the Malpighian layer (prickle cell) of the epidermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_154 hyperkeratosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_149 squamous hyperplasia Thickening of the surface layers (stratum corneum) in the skin or other stratified squamous epithelium. Cf. ortho- and para-keratosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_160 metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_604 defective growth and differentiation process Abnormal transformation of an fully differentiated adult cell or tissue of one kind into a differentiated tissue of another kind. An adult instance of developmental transdifferentiation MPATH:85 Traditionally defined as a form of abnormal regeneration in which a type of cell different from that found normally in a given location is produced. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_162 epithelial metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_605 metaplastic tissue Metaplasia occurring within epithelia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_164 gastric metaplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_162 epithelial metaplasia Appearance of heterotopic gastric epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_175 healing and repair process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process The process, normal or abnormal, of damage repair or wound closure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_176 connective tissue replacement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_175 healing and repair process Replacement of connective tissue by fibro-fatty deposits and scar tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_188 immunopathological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process Inappropriate or aberrant activation or suppression of the immune or inflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_194 immune mediated disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_188 immunopathological process Tissue response to inappropriate immune/inflammatory process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_196 dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_212 inflammation Inflammation of the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_200 myositis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_212 inflammation Inflammation of a muscle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_212 inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_194 immune mediated disease A tissue reaction to an internal or external injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_603 pathological anatomical entity A tumor resulting from abnormal and uncontrolled autonomous new cell growth (proliferation)that may be benign or malignant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_219 adnexal and skin appendage tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Tumors of the skin, its constituent structures and glands including the mammary gland, apocrine and eccrine glands, hair follicles and associated structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_232 trichoepithelioma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_575 basaloid follicular neoplasms Multiple small benign nodules derived from basal cells of hair follicles enclosing small cornified cell containing cysts. (M-8100/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_234 basal cell carcinoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_575 basaloid follicular neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of the basal cells of the epidermis with local invasion. (M-8090/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_235 blood vessel tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Tumor of venous or arterial vessels or capillaries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_238 hemangioblastoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_235 blood vessel tumor A benign neoplasm frequently arising in the cerebellum composed of capillary vessel forming endothelial cells and stromal cells. (M-9161/1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_240 hemangioma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_235 blood vessel tumor Neoplasm derived from endothelial cells. May be of capillary or cavernous type with large vascular channels. (M-9130/0 + M-9120/0 respectively). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_243 central nervous system tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Neoplasm of the neurones, glia or meninges of the CNS. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_244 astrocytoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_249 glioma Glioma derived from astrocytes, both benign and malignant forms (M-9400/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_25 tissue specific degenerative process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_14 process of degenerative change Degenerative process characteristic of a particular tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_250 medulloblastoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_373 CNS progenitor tumor Neoplasm derived from the primitive neurectodermal cells of the cerebellum. (M-9470/3). May be considered by some authorities a synonym of PNET in the CNS. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_251 meningioma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_566 tumors of the meninges meningioma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_252 oligodendroglioma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_249 glioma Benign or malignant neoplasm derived form oligodendrocytes (M-9450/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_254 complex tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Tumors showing multiple histological componants/differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_264 fibroepithelial tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Tumors with epithelial invaginations/linings and a fibrillary and fibrocytic stroma. (M-9000 - M-9030). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_266 fibroadenoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_264 fibroepithelial tumor A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which there is a abundant stroma of proliferating fibroblasts and connective tissue. (M-9010/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_267 glandular tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Neoplasms derived from glandular epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_268 adenocarcinoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_549 carcinoma Malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells in glandular or glandlike pattern. (M-8140/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_270 adenoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_556 potentially cancerous lesions A benign epithelial neoplasm in which the tumor cells may form glands or glandlike structures. In different instances this may remain a benign tumor or progress to malignancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_277 cystadenoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_270 adenoma A benign neoplasm derived from glandular epithelium, in which cystic accumulations of retained secretions are formed. (M-8440/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_308 thyroid C-cell carcinoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_549 carcinoma Malignant neoplasm derived from the calcitonin producing C-cells of the thyroid gland. (M-8510/3, M-8345/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_309 gonadal tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Germ cell and non-germ cell tumors of the testis and ovary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_310 germ cell tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_309 gonadal tumor Neoplasms derived from germ cells. May be gonadal or extragonadal and are derived from primordial germ cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_321 teratocarcinoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_549 carcinoma Mixed germ cell neoplasm contaning elements of embryonal carcinoma and teratoma (M-9081/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_322 teratoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_310 germ cell tumor Generally benign germ cell derived tumors of male or female containing derivatives from all three germ layers with differentiation in the malignant form being poor. Malignant tumors are highly metatstatic. (M-9080/1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_33 intracellular and extracellular accumulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_1 cell and tissue damage Accumulation of substances within, on the surface of or between cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_335 hematopoietic/lymphoid malignancies/disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Proliferative disorders and malignancies of the lymphoid and non lymphoid haematopoietic lineages. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_352 hepatic tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Tumors of the liver and biliary apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_354 cholangiocarcinoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_549 carcinoma Malignant tumor derived from the bile duct epithelium. (M8160/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_356 hepatoblastoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_352 hepatic tumor Malignant neoplasm of the liver of unknown origin . Liver blastemal cells, neoplastic hepatocytes, oval cells and biliary epithelial cells have been proposed. (M- 8970/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_358 melanocytic tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_219 adnexal and skin appendage tumor Tumors derived from melanocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_359 melanoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_358 melanocytic tumor Tumor of neurectodermal origin, usually melanocytes, showing dense deposition of melanin granules, although amelanotic melanomas have been reported. (M-8720/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_365 mesothelioma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Benign or malignant neoplasm derived from the lining cells of the pleura and peritoneum, composed of spindle cells or fibrous tissue which may enclose glandlike spaces lined by cuboidal cells. Epithelioid, fibrous, cystis, papillary, and sarcomatoid variants. (M- 9050/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_366 neuroendocrine tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Neoplasms derived from the neuroendocrine system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_375 ganglioneuroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_570 peripheral nervous system tumors A benign neoplasm composed of mature ganglionic neurons scattered singly or in clumps within a relatively abundant and dense stroma of neurofibrils and collagenous fibers. (M-9490/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_376 neuroblastoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_373 CNS progenitor tumor A malignant neoplasm characterized by immature, poorly differentiated nerve cells of embryonic type. (M-9500/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_377 pheochromocytoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_366 neuroendocrine tumor A catecholamine-secreting tumor arising from the chromaffin cells of the sympathetic nervous system or adrenal medulla. May be benign or malignant. [See MPATH 398]. (M- 8510/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_378 retinoblastoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_373 CNS progenitor tumor Malignant juvenile neoplasm of the eye derived from primitive retinal precursor cells. (M- 9510/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_379 odontogenic tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Neoplasm arising from the tissues of the odontogenic apparatus. These tumors are derived from ectodermal tissue (epithelial tumors) or from mesodermal tissue (connective tissue tumors) or are composed of both components (mixed or composite odontogenic tumors) . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_388 osseous and chondromatous tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Neoplasms of bone and cartilage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_396 osteoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_388 osseous and chondromatous tumor Benign neoplasm derived from osteoblasts or osteocytes composed of very dense bone with predominantly woven structure. ( M-9180/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_397 osteosarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_388 osseous and chondromatous tumor Malignant neoplasm derived form mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts or osteocytes. Highly invasive and destructive tumor rising in the skeleton with osteoid and immature woven bone. (M-9180/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_404 soft tissue tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Neoplasms of the soft and connective tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_407 fibroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma Benign neoplasm of fibroblasts/fibrocytes with poor/moderate cellularity. (M-8810/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_408 soft tissue fibrosarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma Malignant tumor derived from pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells; fibroblasts, fibrocytes (M-8810/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_415 lipomatous tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_404 soft tissue tumor Tumors derived from the lipogenic lineage or showing predominantly lipomatous differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_417 lipoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_415 lipomatous tumor Benign neoplasia derived from lipoblasts or lipocytes of white or brown fat. May be angiomatous or hibernomatous. (M- 8850/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_423 myomatous tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_404 soft tissue tumor Neoplasms derived from myogenic lineages or predominantly composed of cells showing myomatous differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_425 leiomyoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_423 myomatous tumor Benign neoplasm derived from smooth muscle cells. (M-8890/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_426 leiomyosarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma Malignant tumor derived form pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells or smooth muscle cells. (M- 8890/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_428 rhabdomyosarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma Malignant tumor of striated muscle or pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells. (M-8900/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_431 myxoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_429 myxomatous tumor A benign neoplasm derived from pluripotential mesenchymal stem cells of connective tissue, consisting chiefly of polyhedral and stellate cells that are loosely embedded in a soft mucoid matrix. May show multiple differentiated components. (M-8840/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_433 nerve sheath tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_570 peripheral nervous system tumors Neoplasms of the nerve sheath. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_435 neurofibroma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_433 nerve sheath tumor Peripheral nerve tumor consisting of chaotic arrays of wavy schwann cell bundles and fibroblasts interspersed within a matrix rich in collagen and mucopolysaccharide. (M9540/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_437 neurofibrosarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma Malignant neoplasm derived from Schwann cells. (M-9540/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_438 schwannoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_433 nerve sheath tumor May be malignant or benign, Schwann cell derived tumor considered to be neurectodermal with some acquired mesenchymal features. (M-9560/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_445 papilloma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_556 potentially cancerous lesions A benign tumor consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic epithelial cells (M-8050/0). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_474 ectasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_66 dilatation Dilation of a tubular structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_496 Non-Lymphoid leukaemias http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_515 non-Lymphoid neoplasias Neoplasms of non-lymphoid haematopoietic lineage. Must have at least 20% blast cells to meet this definition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_504 non-lymphoid hematopoietic sarcomas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma Solid tumor mass composed of non-lymphoid haematopoietic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_506 histiocytic sarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_504 non-lymphoid hematopoietic sarcomas Solid tumor mass composed predominantly of histiocytic cells (M-9775/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_513 lymphoid neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_335 hematopoietic/lymphoid malignancies/disorder Neoplasms of the B or T cell lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_515 non-Lymphoid neoplasias http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_335 hematopoietic/lymphoid malignancies/disorder Hematological neoplasias of non-lymphoid origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_516 B-cell neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_513 lymphoid neoplasms Neoplasm of the B cell lymphoid lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_530 plasma cell neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_516 B-cell neoplasms Diffuse proliferation of mature plasma cells. Clonal by definition. Includes the equivalent of human myeloma (ICD-O 9732/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_532 plasmacytoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_530 plasma cell neoplasms Diffuse proliferation of mature plasma cells. Clonal by definition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_535 T-cell neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_513 lymphoid neoplasms Neoplasms derived from cells of the T lymphocyte lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_549 carcinoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Any of various types of malignant neoplasm derived from epithelial cells, chiefly glandular (adenocarcinoma) or squamous (squamous cell carcinoma). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_55 developmental and structural abnormality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_603 pathological anatomical entity Developmental and structural abnormalities occurring during embryonic development or during adult life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_551 sarcoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm A connective tissue neoplasm, usually highly malignant, formed by proliferation of mesodermal cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_556 potentially cancerous lesions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Lesions which in some cases have the potential to become progressively growing malignant tumors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_56 developmental or adult structural defect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_55 developmental and structural abnormality Structural, physical or other general defect of prenatal development of the embryo and the placenta, or such as are acquired in the adult. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_564 glioblastoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_249 glioma Develop primarily through increasing anaplasia of well differentiated gliomas, mainly astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas. Typically large and contain cells of different sizes with irrregular nuclei and atypical mitotic figures. (M-9440/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_565 tumors of neurepithelial tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_243 central nervous system tumor Tumors of neuronal and non-neuronal cells derived from embryonic neurepithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_566 tumors of the meninges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_243 central nervous system tumor tumors of the meninges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_570 peripheral nervous system tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_218 neoplasm Tumors of the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_571 pilomatricoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_575 basaloid follicular neoplasms Tumor composed of the epithelial components of the most proximal (trichogenic) portion of the hair follicle associated with an aberrent hair cortex type of cornification (ghost cells or shadow cells). The most primitive cellular component consists of basophilic cells having scanty cytoplasm and nuclei that occasionally overlap to some extent. In humans mineralisation is common. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_575 basaloid follicular neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_219 adnexal and skin appendage tumor This is a new diagnostic term that the MMHC pathology panel felt best described a diagnostically challenging set of tumors that share the feature of being compose of basaloid cells showing follicular differentiation to some extent. These tumors are common in GEM involving the hedgehog signaling pathway and frequently have more than one of the histologic patterns listed below. The designation of benign and malignant has been excluded from the primary diagnosis purposely, as this is frequently difficult to determine in these characteristically well circumscribed tumors. The presence of a disorganized (non-palisaded) sheet-like growth pattern, tumor necrosis, or numerous mitoses are felt to represent malignant transformation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_576 trichofolliculoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_575 basaloid follicular neoplasms Basaloid neoplasm with numerous mature hair follicles and hair formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_0 pathological entity The organic response of tissues to external insult, injury or underlying genetic or epigenetic lesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_597 cell and tissue damage process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process Processes occurring during cell and tissue damage of either intrinsic or extrinsic etiology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_602 hyperplastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_126 growth and differentiation defect An organ or a tissue with an abnormal increase in the number of cells as a consequence of cell proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_603 pathological anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_0 pathological entity Anatomically located instance of pathological response or entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_604 defective growth and differentiation process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process Abnormal increase or decrease in the rate of cell growth or cell division including associated changes in the differentiation state of adult cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_605 metaplastic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_126 growth and differentiation defect A tissue or group of cells in which there has been abnormal transformation of an fully differentiated adult cell or tissue of one kind into a differentiated tissue of another kind. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_607 healing and repair structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_603 pathological anatomical entity Physical entity or structure associated with normal or abnormal tissue healing or repair following extrinsic or intrinsic damage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_66 dilatation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_56 developmental or adult structural defect Increase in the diameter of an orifice or tubular structure beyond its normal dimensions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_722 rhabdomyoma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_423 myomatous tumor Benign stromal tumors of the soft tissue with skeletal muscle differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_723 fibromatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_407 fibroma Systemic manifestation of MPATH: 407. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000001 body part movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000338 kinesthetic behavior A change of place or position of part of an organism that does not involve the entire organism [NBO:SMAC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000007 mouth movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000001 body part movement The act of moving any of the tissues and hard structures surrounding the mouth other than teeth, jaws or filter structures [NBO:AC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000013 locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000338 kinesthetic behavior Movement from place to place of an organism." [GO:0007626] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000020 head movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000001 body part movement A change in place or position of the portion of the organism containing the brain, mouth and main sense organs [NBO:SMAC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000027 grooming behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process The act of using body parts to pick at, rub and or remove material from exterior covering, e.g., fur, scales, feathers, skin [NBO:SMAC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000044 parental behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000011 social behavior Behavior associated with protection, or assisting growth and development of young. [NBO:AC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000052 huddling behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process Behavior associated with two or more individuals' achieving or maintaining close and extensive bodily contact; to nestle closely with another [NBO:AC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000057 scratching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000027 grooming behavior The act of dragging claws or nails over a surface [NBO:AC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000064 regulation of drinking behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002436 regulation of feeding behavior A feeding behavior associated with the intake or the frequency of intake or preference or manner of intake of liquids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000079 feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001845 consumption behavior The act of bringing an object or substance into the body by swallowing, surrounding or absorbing it [NBO:SMAC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000130 liquid consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000079 feeding behavior A behavior associated with the intake of liquid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000134 food consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000079 feeding behavior A feeding behavior associated with the intake of food. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior "Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect)." [Wikipedia:Learning#Associative_learning] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000212 operant conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior "Operant conditioning is the use of a behavior's antecedent and/or its consequence to influence the occurrence and form of behavior." [wikipedia:Operant_conditioning] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000308 sensation behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior Cognitive perception of a sensation by any of the five senses -- vision, touch, smell, taste, and hearing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000314 visual behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior "Behavior related to the actions or reactions of an organism in response to a visual stimulus." [GO:0007632] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000315 optokinetic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000314 visual behavior "Behavior related to the actions or reactions of an organism pertaining to movement of the eyes and of objects in the visual field, as in nystagmus." [GO:0007634] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000317 vestibular behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000327 somatic sensation related behavior Behavior related to the awareness of body balance and movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000327 somatic sensation related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000751 perception behavior by means Behavior related to the sensations arising from the skin and from the muscles, tendons, and joints. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000338 kinesthetic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "Movement behavior of the body or its parts." http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000339 motor coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior "The coordination of combinations of body movements created with the kinematic (such as spatial direction) and kinetic (force) parameters that result in intended actions." [wikipedia:Motor_coordination] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000342 limb coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000347 gross motor coordination The coordination of limb movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000347 gross motor coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000339 motor coordination The coordination of large muscle groups and whole body movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000355 posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior Intentionally or habitually assumed arrangement of the body and its limbs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000357 limb posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000355 posture Intentionally or habitually assumed arrangement of the limbs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000361 gait http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000342 limb coordination "The pattern of movement of the limbs of animals, characterized by elements of progression, stability, speed and length over the ground." [MP:0001406] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000380 positive gravitactic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000013 locomotory behavior "Locomotory orientation towards the source of gravity." [GO:0048061] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000381 thigmotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000013 locomotory behavior "Locomotory orientation in response to touch." [GO:0001966] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000388 involuntary movement behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000001 body part movement Behavior related to movements that occur independent of planning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000388 involuntary movement behavior Behavior related to involuntary movement in response to a stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000391 startle reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "An action or movement due to the application of a sudden unexpected stimulus." [wikipedia:Startle_reflex] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000401 sucking reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "A reflex that causes the infant to instinctively suck at anything that touches the roof of their mouth and suddenly starts to suck simulating the way they naturally eat." [wikipedia:Primitive_reflexes] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000411 cranial nerve related reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior A reflex that involves cranial nerves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000412 pupillary light reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000411 cranial nerve related reflex "A reflex that controls the diameter of the pupil, in response to the intensity (luminance) of light that falls on the retina of the eye, thereby assisting in adaptation to various levels of darkness and light, in addition to retinal sensitivity." [wikipedia:Pupillary_light_reflex] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000415 corneal reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "An involuntary blinking of the eyelids elicited by stimulation of the cornea." [wikipedia:Corneal_reflex] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000418 pharyngeal reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "A reflex contraction of the back of the throat, evoked by touching the soft palate." [wikipedia:Gag_reflex] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000447 locomotor activation behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000338 kinesthetic behavior Activation of locomotory behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000449 spontaneous movement behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000338 kinesthetic behavior Kinesthetic behavior initiated in the absence of specific sensory input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000450 social grooming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000027 grooming behavior "Behavior related to the activity in which individuals in a group clean or maintain one another's body or appearance." [wikipedia:Social_grooming] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000537 circadian regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000084 circadian behavior "Any process in which an organism modulates its blood pressure at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours." [GO:GO\:0003052] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000545 swallowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000079 feeding behavior The act of moving food from the mouth cavity to the esophagus through coordinated muscular movements [NBO:AC] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000551 visual object recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior "Ability to perceive the physical properties of an object (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others." [wikipedia:Cognitive_Neuroscience_of_Visual_Object_Recognition] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000556 spatial memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior "A type of memory responsible for recording information about one's environment and its spatial orientation." [wikipedia:Spatial_memory] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000557 short term spatial memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000556 spatial memory "A type of memory that allows one to temporarily store and manage information about one's environment and its spatial orientation." [wikipedia:Spatial_memory] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000570 head bobbing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000020 head movement Movement of the head in the vertical plane. [NBO:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000574 optokinetic reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "A reflex allows the eye to follow objects in motion when the head remains stationary." [wikipedia:Optokinetic_reflex] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000575 pilomotor reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "A reflex that elucidates goose bumps (bumps on a person's skin at the base of body hairs) which may involuntarily develop when a person is cold or experiences strong emotions such as fear, awe, admiration or sexual arousal" [wikipedia:Goose_bumps] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000583 vibrissae reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior "Change position in response to stimulation of the whiskers." [JAX:] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process Behaviour related to cognitive processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001786 regulation of behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli." [GO:0050795] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001845 consumption behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process Behavior related to the intake of substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002169 regulation of consumption behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001786 regulation of behavior Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of consumption behavior, the specific actions or reactions of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002436 regulation of feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002169 regulation of consumption behavior Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of consumption of food or liquid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000049 social play http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "Play behavior that is associated with the socialization of an individual into the group." [web:http\://www.bio.davidson.edu/people/vecase/behavior/Spring2009/Sacco/Pages/Play%20Fighting.html] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000132 water consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000130 liquid consumption A drinking behavior associated with the intake of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000316 auditory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior "Behavior related to the actions or reactions of an organism in response to a sound." [GO:0031223] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000356 body posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000355 posture Intentionally or habitually assumed arrangement of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036074 vein of vestibular aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein A vein that leaves the vestibule through an individual bone canal running parallel to the vestibular aqueduct up to the dura of the posterior side of the petrosa in the area of the endolymphatic sac. It then opens in the inferior petrosal sinus or the jugular bulb. The vein receives other branches from the bone, dura and sac. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905951 mitochondrion DNA recombination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006310 DNA recombination Any DNA recombination that takes place in mitochondrion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905955 negative regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901509 regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial tube morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905956 positive regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901509 regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial tube morphogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090741 pigment granule membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane Any membrane that is part of a pigment granule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061888 regulation of astrocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050865 regulation of cell activation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061889 negative regulation of astrocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150079 negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061890 positive regulation of astrocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150078 positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020515 abnormal visceral yolk sac endoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001718 abnormal visceral yolk sac morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the visceral yolk sac consisting of endoderm-derived cells that is responsible for absorption of nutrients http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020516 abnormal visceral yolk sac mesenchyme morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001718 abnormal visceral yolk sac morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the visceral yolk sac that is derived from mesoderm and consists of mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020517 abnormal visceral yolk sac physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004264 abnormal extraembryonic tissue physiology any functional anomaly of the extraembryonic tissue membrane, formed from the visceral endoderm and the extraembryonic mesoderm, which is located ventral to the embryonic disc and is connected to the presumptive midgut of the embryo; the yolk that it contains is the site of embryonic hematopoiesis and vitelline circulation is involved in early embryonic circulation; it is the origin of the primordial germ cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020518 renal glomerular protein deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005325 abnormal renal glomerulus morphology any anomalous accumulation of protein in the renal glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020519 renal glomerular immunoglobulin deposits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020518 renal glomerular protein deposits any anomalous accumulation of immunoglobulins in the renal glomerulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020520 whitened brown adipose tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002971 abnormal brown adipose tissue morphology brown adipose tissue displays a morphology more closely resembling white adipose tissue (eg. unilocular lipid droplets, decreased lipid droplet numbers) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020521 browned white adipose tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002970 abnormal white adipose tissue morphology white adipose tissue displays a morphology more closely resembling brown adipose tissue (eg. multilocular droplets, decreased lipid droplet size) including the emergence or brown or beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue; this may represent adaptation to increased thermogenic demand, exercise, injury (thermal injury), and/or disease (cancer) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020522 decreased susceptibility to xenobiotic induced hyperthermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011019 abnormal adaptive thermogenesis reduction in the expected increase in body temperature following xenobiotic treatment to induced hyperthermia (eg. isopropanol) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020523 decreased susceptibility to induced hypothermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011019 abnormal adaptive thermogenesis smaller than expected drop in body temperature in response to treatment (cold-exposure, dietary restriction, ethanol treatment, etc..) designed to induce hypothermia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030526 abnormal enamel cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010747 abnormal enamel organ morphology any structural anomaly of the transient structure of the dental (enamel) organ present at the early cap stage of molar tooth development; the enamel cord is a strand of epithelial cells that runs from (links) the enamel knot to the outer dental epithelial cells, dividing the dental organ into two parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030527 absent enamel cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030526 abnormal enamel cord morphology missing the transient structure of the dental (enamel) organ that is normally present at the early cap stage of molar tooth development; the enamel cord is a strand of epithelial cells that runs from (links) the enamel knot to the outer dental epithelial cells, dividing the dental organ into two parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030528 abnormal neck skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012719 abnormal neck morphology any structural anomaly of a zone of skin that is part of the cervical (neck) region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030529 abnormal head skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology any anomaly in a zone of skin that is part of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030531 abnormal facial skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030529 abnormal head skin morphology any anomaly in a zone of skin that is part of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030532 abnormal periorbital skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030531 abnormal facial skin morphology any anomaly in a zone of skin that is part of the periorbital region of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030533 abnormal snout skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030531 abnormal facial skin morphology any anomaly in a zone of skin that is part of the snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030534 abnormal forehead skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030531 abnormal facial skin morphology any anomaly in a zone of skin that is part of the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020826 increased oculomotor nerve neuroma incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010281 increased nervous system tumor incidence greater than the expected incidence of a tumor derived from cells of the oculomotor nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030646 abnormal ornithine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis; ornithine is an alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020879 abnormal calcium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004231 abnormal calcium ion homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of calcium in the body or bodily fluids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020883 abnormal magnesium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011979 abnormal magnesium ion homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of magnesium in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020885 abnormal phosphate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of phosphate (salt or ester of phosphoric acid) in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020887 abnormal potassium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011978 abnormal potassium ion homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of potassium in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020889 abnormal sodium level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011977 abnormal sodium ion homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of sodium in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020891 abnormal sulfate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000192 abnormal mineral level any anomaly in the concentration of sulfate (sulfur) in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030996 decreased pacinian corpuscle number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000988 abnormal pacinian corpuscle morphology fewer than the expected number of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers and transmit signals generated by vibrations when grasping an object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030997 absent pacinian corpuscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030996 decreased pacinian corpuscle number absence of all of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers and transmit signals generated by vibrations when grasping an object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030998 small pacinian corpuscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000988 abnormal pacinian corpuscle morphology decreased size of the rapidly adapting mechanoreceptors found in subcutaneous tissue beneath both hairy and glabrous skin which normally contain an afferent nerve fiber surrounded by a capsule with multiple concentric layers and transmit signals generated by vibrations when grasping an object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030999 abnormal glycogen synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005438 abnormal glycogen homeostasis any anomaly in the reactions and pathways involved in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031000 decreased glycogen synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030999 abnormal glycogen synthesis any anomaly in the reactions and pathways involved in glycogen biosynthesis that results in reduced glycogen formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031001 increased glycogen synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030999 abnormal glycogen synthesis any anomaly in the reactions and pathways involved in glycogen biosynthesis that results in increased glycogen formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031002 abnormal kidney glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level any anomaly in the concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031003 increased kidney glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031002 abnormal kidney glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031004 decreased kidney glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031002 abnormal kidney glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031005 abnormal lung glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005437 abnormal glycogen level any anomaly in the concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031006 increased lung glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031005 abnormal lung glycogen level greater than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031007 decreased lung glycogen level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031005 abnormal lung glycogen level less than the normal concentration of a readily converted carbohydrate reserve in lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031008 decreased bone marrow adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030008 abnormal bone marrow adipose tissue amount decreased quantity of the bone marrow fat-storing cells/tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031009 abnormal sperm-egg fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005410 abnormal fertilization any anomaly in the binding and fusion of a sperm with the plasma membrane of the oocyte during the process of fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031010 failure of sperm-egg fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031009 abnormal sperm-egg fusion failure to initiate and/or complete the binding and fusion of a sperm with the plasma membrane of the oocyte during the process of fertilization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031011 abnormal sperm migration in female genital tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004543 abnormal sperm physiology any anomaly in the ability of ejaculated sperm to migrate through the female genital tract to reach the oocyte in the oviduct; during their transit in the female tract, sperm encounter different environments with various mechanical and biochemical properties; to complete the journey, each sperm has to swim in a highly viscous medium in the cervix, avoid immunological detection in the uterus, cross the uterotubal junction, and ascend into the oviduct isthmus to ultimately reach the site of fertilization, the ampullary region of the oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031012 impaired sperm migration in female genital tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031011 abnormal sperm migration in female genital tract impaired ability of ejaculated sperm to migrate through the female genital tract and reach the oocyte at the site of fertilization, the ampullary region of the oviduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031013 abnormal egg activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005410 abnormal fertilization any anomaly in the series of biochemical and morphological events that converts a metaphase-II-arrested oocyte into a fertilized egg ready to begin embryogenesis; in most mammals, oocyte activation is a spatial-temporal regulated process induced by sperm entry that involves early events such a transient rise in intracellular calcium concentration, cortical granule exocytosis and meiotic cell-cycle resumption, and later events such as pronuclear formation, translation of maternal mRNAs and meiosis-to-mitosis transition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031014 polyspermy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031013 abnormal egg activation increased incidence of fertilized oocytes fused with two or more sperm due to reduced ability or inability to prevent fertilization by multiple sperm during the egg activation process; normally only a single sperm fuses with the egg plasma membrane and injects its nucleus and other organelles into the egg cytoplasm; if more than one sperm fuses, multipolar or extra mitotic spindles are formed, resulting in faulty segregation of chromosomes during cell division; nondiploid cells are produced, and development usually stops http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031015 abnormal granulosa cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013506 abnormal ovary apoptosis change in the timing or the number of granulosa cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031016 decreased granulosa cell apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031015 abnormal granulosa cell apoptosis decrease in the number of granulosa cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031017 abnormal granulosa cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003507 abnormal ovary physiology anomaly in the ability of a granulosa cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031018 decreased granulosa cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031017 abnormal granulosa cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a granulosa cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031019 increased granulosa cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031017 abnormal granulosa cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a granulosa cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031020 premature ovarian failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008995 early reproductive senescence cessation of ovarian function occurring at an earlier than expected age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031021 abnormal gallbladder smooth muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005084 abnormal gallbladder morphology any structural anomaly of the layer of loose smooth muscle bundles (tunica muscularis) located beneath the mucosa of the gallbladder wall and composed of fibers that are not arranged in distinct layers but lie in circular, longitudinal, and oblique directions; when these fibers contract, the gallbladder’s contents are released through the cystic duct into the bile duct and eventually emptied into the duodenum to aid in the digestion of fats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031022 hepatic megalocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000607 abnormal hepatocyte morphology a condition in which hepatocytes exhibit gross enlargement of cytoplasmic and nuclear volume without the formation of mitotic spindles and mitosis, potentially indicating irreversible injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150195 transport across blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010232 vascular transport The directed movement of substances (e.g. macromolecules, small molecules, ions) through the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150200 regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051049 regulation of transport Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transport across the blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150201 positive regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150200 regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transport across blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150202 negative regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150200 regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transport across blood-brain barrier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009057 anorectum goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000320 large intestine goblet cell A goblet cell that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009063 enteroendocrine cell of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001516 intestinal enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8440004 laminar subdivision of the cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster One or a subset of adjacent layers of the neocortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500065 condyle of talus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009979 condyle An articular prominence of a talus that engages with the tibia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500078 styloid process of radius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009979 condyle A condyle on the distal end and lateral side of a radius. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500094 tubercle of calcaneus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4100000 skeletal element projection A raised projection on the calcaneus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021010 impaired synaptic physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021009 abnormal synaptic physiology any functional impairment of a synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4028001 pulmonary capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000016 lung microvascular endothelial cell Any capillary endothelial cell that is part of a lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021024 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003633 abnormal nervous system physiology any functional anomaly of the fluid that the occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord and/or its suspended elements http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021021 abnormal adipose tissue noradrenaline turnover http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005666 abnormal adipose tissue physiology any anomaly in the process by which noradrenaline is broken down and renewed in the adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021022 decreased adipose tissue noradrenaline turnover http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021021 abnormal adipose tissue noradrenaline turnover any reduction in the process by which noradrenaline is broken down and renewed in the adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021023 increased adipose tissue noradrenaline turnover http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021021 abnormal adipose tissue noradrenaline turnover any increase in the process by which noradrenaline is broken down and renewed in the adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021025 increased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 40 isoform level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021027 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 40 isoform level increase in the amount of amyloid beta 40 found in cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021026 decreased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 40 isoform level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021027 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 40 isoform level reduction in the amount of amyloid beta 40 found in cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021027 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 40 isoform level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021024 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid physiology any anomaly in the amount of amyloid beta 40 found in cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021028 abnormal tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level anomaly in the amount of TNF superfamily member 11 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021029 increased tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021028 abnormal tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 level increase in the amount of TNF superfamily member 11 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021030 decreased tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021028 abnormal tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 level decrease in the amount of TNF superfamily member 11 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021031 abnormal tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level anomaly in the amount of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021032 increased tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021031 abnormal tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b level increase in the amount of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021033 decreased tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021031 abnormal tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b level decrease in the amount of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021034 abnormal circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level any anomaly in the amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, often used as a marker for cartilage turnover, in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021035 decreased circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021034 abnormal circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level decrease in the amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021036 increased circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021034 abnormal circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level increase in the amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021037 abnormal circulating orosomucoid 1 protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010211 abnormal acute phase protein level any anomaly in the amount of the acute phase protein orosomucoid 1 in the blood, serum, or plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021038 increased circulating orosomucoid 1 protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021037 abnormal circulating orosomucoid 1 protein level increase in the amount of the acute phase protein orosomucoid 1 in the blood, serum, or plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021039 decreased circulating orosomucoid 1 protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021037 abnormal circulating orosomucoid 1 protein level decrease in the amount of the acute phase protein orosomucoid 1 in the blood, serum, or plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021040 abnormal circulating LDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020127 abnormal circulating non-HDL phospholipid level any anomaly in the amount of the complex of low density lipoproteins, small (18-25 nm) and low density (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles, and phospholipids in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021041 abnormal circulating VLDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020127 abnormal circulating non-HDL phospholipid level any anomaly in the amount of the complex of very low density lipoproteins, large (30-80 nm) and very low density (0.93-1.006 g/ml) particles, and phospholipids in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021042 increased circulating LDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021040 abnormal circulating LDL phospholipid level increase in the amount of the complex of low density lipoproteins and phospholipids in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021043 decreased circulating LDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021040 abnormal circulating LDL phospholipid level decrease in the amount of the complex of low density lipoproteins and phospholipids in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021044 increased circulating VLDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021041 abnormal circulating VLDL phospholipid level increase in the amount of the complex of very low density lipoproteins and phospholipids in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021045 decreased circulating VLDL phospholipid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021041 abnormal circulating VLDL phospholipid level decrease in the amount of the complex of very low density lipoproteins and phospholipids in the blood, plasma, or serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031322 decreased skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009410 abnormal skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a skeletal muscle satellite cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031323 increased skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009410 abnormal skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a skeletal muscle satellite cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031324 delayed liver regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002658 abnormal liver regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of liver tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031325 delayed pancreas regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005518 abnormal pancreas regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of pancreatic tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031326 delayed muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000750 abnormal muscle regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031327 delayed cardiac muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031326 delayed muscle regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of cardiac muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031328 delayed skeletal muscle regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031326 delayed muscle regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of skeletal muscle tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031329 delayed central nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003407 abnormal central nervous system regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of central nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031330 delayed peripheral nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004220 abnormal peripheral nervous system regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of peripheral nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031331 delayed intestine regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003380 abnormal intestine regeneration late onset of the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of intestinal tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031332 abnormal inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002945 abnormal inhibitory postsynaptic currents anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) or shape of the evoked inhibitory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031333 decreased inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031332 abnormal inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude reduction in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the evoked inhibitory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031334 increased inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031332 abnormal inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the evoked inhibitory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031336 abnormal uterine epithelium development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003572 abnormal uterus development any anomaly in the progression of an epithelium of the uterus over time from its initial formation to the mature structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031337 abnormal lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008469 abnormal protein level any anomaly in the amount of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031338 decreased lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031337 abnormal lipocalin 2 level reduction in the amount of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031339 increased lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031337 abnormal lipocalin 2 level increase in the amount of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031340 abnormal circulating lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031337 abnormal lipocalin 2 level any anomaly in the amount in the blood of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031341 decreased circulating lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031340 abnormal circulating lipocalin 2 level reduction in the amount in the blood of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031342 increased circulating lipocalin 2 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031340 abnormal circulating lipocalin 2 level increase in the amount in the blood of lipocalin 2, a protein that plays a role in innate immunity by limiting bacterial growth as a result of sequestering iron-containing siderophores http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023072 brain vascular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A cell that is part of the brain vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600018 neuroendocrine system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system A regulatory system of the body that integrates the nervous system and the endocrine system. This system is formed by specialized neuroendocrine cells located mainly in the nervous system and neuroendocrine glands. However, they can also be found as either single cells or small clusters of cells dispersed throughout the surface epithelium of different tissues. The neuroendocrine system functions through the release of neurotransmitters and neurohormones, enabling communication between the endocrine and nervous systems to govern vitally important processes that include growth, reproduction, metabolism and energy homeostasis, electrolyte and water balance, and responses to stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014321 short forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000550 abnormal forelimb morphology reduced average length of the forelimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014322 short hindlimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000556 abnormal hindlimb morphology reduced average length of the hindlimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014323 long hindlimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000556 abnormal hindlimb morphology increased average length of the hindlimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014324 long forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000550 abnormal forelimb morphology increased average length of the forelimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031512 abnormal circulating C-peptide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level anomaly in the amount in the blood of the connecting (C) peptide that links the A and B chains in proinsulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031513 decreased circulating C-peptide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031512 abnormal circulating C-peptide level a reduction in the amount of the C-peptide in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031514 increased circulating C-peptide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031512 abnormal circulating C-peptide level an elevation in the amount of the C-peptide in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035036 naris epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium that is part of a naris [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035118 material entity in digestive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Any material entity that is located in the digestive tract. This includes undigested food and liquid as well as unexcreted waste products. It also includes other entities such as ingested stones used to aid digestion. Any microbial cells or cell populations are also included. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035814 pericardial fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035818 visceral fat The sum of epicardial and paracardial fat deposits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035818 visceral fat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001013 adipose tissue Any fat deposit surrounding a visceral organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036146 cardiopharyngeal field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 anlage An region of the mesoderm that includes anterior lateral mesoderm of the first heart field plus contiguous pharyngeal mesoderm that gives rise to second-heart-field-derived regions of the heart and branchiomeric muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036150 skin appendage follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An organ subunit in the skin that gives rise to cutaneous appendage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034947 gas in respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034873 bodily gas Any portion of gas located in a part of the respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035159 entire surface of organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006984 anatomical surface Anatomical surface, which is the external surface of the whole body. Examples: There is only one body surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035174 right ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The organ of hearing located on the right side of the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035295 left ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure The organ of hearing located on the left side of the head[ncit,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110011 regulation of basement membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903053 regulation of extracellular matrix organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly, disassembly or arrangement of constituent parts of the basement membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120031 plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030031 cell projection assembly Formation of a prolongation or process extending and that is bounded by plasma membrane, e.g. a cilium, lamellipodium, or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120035 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031344 regulation of cell projection organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of plasma membrane bounded cell projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106014 regulation of inflammatory response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050727 regulation of inflammatory response Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response to wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106015 negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106014 regulation of inflammatory response to wounding Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response to wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106016 positive regulation of inflammatory response to wounding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106014 regulation of inflammatory response to wounding Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response to wounding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030140 facial muscle atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology acquired diminution of facial muscle tissue associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes; occurs with age, immobilization, weightlessness, malnutrition or denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030141 facial paralysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000753 paralysis severe or complete loss of power of voluntary movement in muscles of the face through injury or disease of it or its nerve supply; facial muscles are innervated by the facial nerve (i.e., the seventh cranial nerve) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030142 facial muscle degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology pathological deterioration of facial muscle tissue, often accompanied by loss of function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030143 facial muscle spasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030144 abnormal facial muscle physiology sudden, repetitive, nonrhythmic motor movements (spasms) involving the muscles of the face; common types of facial spasms include rapid, repetitive squinting or blinking, grimacing, mouth twitching, and nose twitching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030144 abnormal facial muscle physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology any functional anomaly of any of the striated skeletal muscles innervated by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) that, among other things, control facial expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030145 abnormal digastric anterior belly morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013815 abnormal digastric muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle which arises from a depression on the inner side of the lower border of the mandible called the digastric fossa, close to the symphysis, and passes downward and backward; the anterior body originates from the first pharyngeal arch and is supplied by the trigeminal via the mylohyoid nerve, a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve, itself a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030146 abnormal digastric posterior belly morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013815 abnormal digastric muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the longer, posterior belly of the digastric muscle arising from the mastoid notch which is on the inferior surface of the skull, medial to the mastoid process of the temporal bone; the posterior belly is supplied by the digastric branch of facial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030147 abnormal digastric muscle physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030144 abnormal facial muscle physiology any functional anomaly of the digastric muscle whose action elevates the hyoid when the mandible is fixed and depresses the mandible when the hyoid is fixed; when the two bellies of the digastric contract, they pull upward on the hyoid bone; but if the hyoid is fixed from below, the digastric assists in extreme opening of the mouth such as yawning or taking a large bite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030148 abnormal mylohyoid muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030240 abnormal suprahyoid muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the flat and triangular paired muscle that runs from the mandible to the hyoid bone forming the muscular floor of the oral cavity of the mouth; it is a suprahyoid muscle derived from the first pharyngeal arch that is situated immediately superior to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030149 abnormal stylohyoid muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030240 abnormal suprahyoid muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the slender suprahyoid muscle lying anterior and superior of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle; it arises from the styloid process of the temporal bone and inserts into the body of the hyoid bone; it is perforated, near its insertion, by the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle; the stylohyoid elevates and retracts the hyoid bone, elongating the floor of the mouth during swallowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030150 absent stylohyoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030149 abnormal stylohyoid muscle morphology absence of the slender suprahyoid muscle lying anterior and superior of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle that elevates and retracts the hyoid bone, elongating the floor of the mouth during swallowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030151 abnormal buccinator muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the thin quadrilateral muscle occupying the interval between the maxilla and the mandible at the side of the face that forms the anterior part of the cheek or the lateral wall of the oral cavity; it compresses the cheeks against the teeth and is used in acts such as blowing; it is an assistant muscle of mastication and in neonates it is used to suckle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030152 abnormal depressor anguli oris muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the facial muscle that originates from the mandible and inserts into the angle of the mouth; it is innervated by the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve and receives its blood supply from the facial artery; the muscle depresses the corners of the mouth which is associated with frowning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030153 dental pulp inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in dental pulp tissue; commonly associated with a bacterial infection but can also be due to other insults such as repetitive trauma or in rare cases periodontitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030154 abnormal tympanic cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000049 abnormal middle ear morphology any structural anomaly of the small, air-filled, mucosa-lined cavity that is located in the petrous portion of the temporal bone and houses the auditory ossicles and intratympanic muscles (tensor tympani and stapedius) as well as the chorda tympani and the tympanic plexus of nerves; it is split into two parts: the tympanic cavity proper (the space directly internal to the tympanic membrane) and the epitympanic recess or attic (the space superior to the tympanic membrane) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030155 absent tympanic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030154 abnormal tympanic cavity morphology absence of the small, air-filled, mucosa-lined cavity that is located in the petrous portion of the temporal bone and houses the auditory ossicles and intratympanic muscles (tensor tympani and stapedius) as well as the chorda tympani and the tympanic plexus of nerves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030156 abnormal tympanic cavity muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030154 abnormal tympanic cavity morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two tiny striated muscles (tensor tympani and stapedius) located within the tympanic cavity; these muscles contract in response to loud noise, inhibiting the vibrations of the malleus, incus and stapes, and reducing the transmission of sound to the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030157 abnormal stapedius muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the tiny striated muscle found in the pyramidal eminence on the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity, whose tendon inserts onto the neck of the stapes; like the tensor tympani, it helps to dampen loud sounds; it is innervated by a small branch from the facial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030158 absent stapedius muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030157 abnormal stapedius muscle morphology missing the tiny muscle normally found in the pyramidal eminence on the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity, whose tendon inserts onto the neck of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030159 abnormal tensor tympani muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030156 abnormal tympanic cavity muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the tiny striated muscle that originates superior to the pharyngotympanic tube, the sphenoid, and the temporal bone and inserts into the handle of the malleus; it tenses the tympanic membrane and dampens the movements of the auditory ossicles to prevent ear damage from loud sounds; it is innervated by the trigeminal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030160 abnormal auditory bulla morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002102 abnormal ear morphology any structural anomaly of the hollow bony structure on the ventral, posterior portion of the skull that encloses parts of the middle and inner ear; in most species, it is formed by the tympanic part of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030161 absent auditory bulla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030160 abnormal auditory bulla morphology absence of the hollow bony structure normally found on the ventral, posterior portion of the skull that encloses parts of the middle and inner ear; in most species, it is formed by the tympanic part of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030162 absent hyoid bone body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009917 abnormal hyoid bone body morphology absence of the main curve of the hyoid bone from which the horns extend http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030163 abnormal canthus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001340 abnormal eyelid morphology any structural anomaly of either corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet; more specifically, the inner and outer canthi are, respectively, the medial and lateral ends/angles of the palpebral fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030164 abnormal inner canthus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030163 abnormal canthus morphology any structural anomaly of the inner corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet, i.e. the medial end/angle of the palpebral fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030165 abnormal outer canthus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030163 abnormal canthus morphology any structural anomaly of the outer corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet, i.e. the lateral end/angle of the palpebral fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030166 increased inner canthal distance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030163 abnormal canthus morphology increased distance between the inner corners (medial canthi) of the eyes where the eyelids meet; may be present without or with ocular hypertelorism (where interpupillary distance is increased) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030167 decreased inner canthal distance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030163 abnormal canthus morphology decreased distance between the inner corners (medial canthi) of the eyes where the eyelids meet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030168 thin upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012523 abnormal upper lip morphology upper lips having a reduced amount of soft tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030169 thick upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012523 abnormal upper lip morphology upper lips having an abundance and often an excess of soft tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0104004 cellular response to environmental stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051716 cellular response to stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an environmental stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099182 presynaptic intermediate filament cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099569 presynaptic cytoskeleton The intermediate filament cytoskeleton that is part of a presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030460 enamel pits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002576 abnormal enamel morphology presence of small depressions in the dental enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030461 abnormal sphenosquamosal suture morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002835 abnormal cranial suture morphology any structural anomaly of the vertical cranial suture located between the sphenoid and temporal bones bilaterally; it is formed by the articulation between the posterior border of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the anterior border of the squamous part of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030462 tooth abscess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology a pocket of pus localized within a region of a tooth, usually caused by a bacterial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030463 apical tooth abscess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030462 tooth abscess a tooth abscess that occurs at or around the tip of the root (apex) of a tooth; may result from pulp infection due to carious lesion or pulp necrosis resulting from injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030464 abnormal cranial cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology any structural anomaly of any cartilage element that is part of the cranial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030465 absent oval window http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004479 abnormal oval window morphology missing the oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, close to the foot of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030466 alveolar process atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004189 abnormal alveolar process morphology acquired diminution of the size of the alveolar process associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030467 abnormal cranial cartilage development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030464 abnormal cranial cartilage morphology anomaly in the formation of any cartilage element that is part of the cranial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030468 abnormal carotid canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology any structural anomaly of the passageway within the petrous temporal bone that transmits the internal carotid artery and sympathetic plexus; its inferior opening is the carotid foramen situated anteriorly to the jugular fossa and medially to the tympanic plate; the carotid canal is initially directed superiorly, then turns anteromedially to reach up to the petrous apex, runs within the petrous bone, and opens into the middle cranial fossa superior to the foramen lacerum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030469 optic canal stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010704 abnormal optic canal morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the short canal through the orbitosphenoid bone at the apex of the orbit that gives passage to the optic nerve and the ophthalmic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030470 abnormal jugular foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology any structural anomaly of the large irregular opening from the posterior cranial fossa that is bounded anteriorly by the petrous part of the temporal bone and posteriorly by the jugular notch of the occipital bone; it transmits the inferior petrosal sinus, the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and accessory nerves, and the internal jugular vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030471 abnormal ameloblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002650 abnormal ameloblast morphology any anomaly in the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a functional ameloblast, a tall, columnar, polarized epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamel organ of a developing tooth involved with the formation of enamel matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030472 fused teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology union of two separately developing tooth germs typically leading to one less tooth than normal in the affected arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030473 fused molars http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030472 fused teeth union of two adjacent molar teeth in the maxilla and/or mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030474 fused incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030472 fused teeth union of two adjacent incisor teeth in the maxilla and/or mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030475 fused lower incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030136 abnormal lower incisor morphology union of two adjacent incisor teeth in the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030476 fused upper incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030137 abnormal upper incisor morphology union of two adjacent incisor teeth in the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030477 abnormal osteocyte physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005006 abnormal osteoblast physiology any functional anomaly of a mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix (osteoid) in a small cavity called lacuna and that extends cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes away from the cell body toward other osteocytes and neighboring cells in small channels called canaliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030478 abnormal osteocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030440 abnormal osteoblast apoptosis change in the timing or the number of osteocytes undergoing programmed cell death; an osteocyte is a mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix (osteoid) in a small cavity called lacuna and that extends cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes away from the cell body toward other osteocytes and neighboring cells in small channels called canaliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030479 increased osteocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030441 increased osteoblast apoptosis increase in the number of osteocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030480 decreased osteocyte apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030442 decreased osteoblast apoptosis reduction in the number of osteocytes undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030481 abnormal osteocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008753 abnormal osteocyte morphology deviation from the average number of mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the bone matrix (osteoid) in small cavities called lacunae and that extend cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes away from the cell body toward other osteocytes and neighboring cells in small channels called canaliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030482 increased osteocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030481 abnormal osteocyte number greater than average number of mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the bone matrix (osteoid) in small cavities called lacunae and that extend cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes away from the cell body toward other osteocytes and neighboring cells in small channels called canaliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030483 decreased osteocyte number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030481 abnormal osteocyte number reduction in the number of mature osteoblasts that have become embedded in the bone matrix (osteoid) in small cavities called lacunae and that extend cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes away from the cell body toward other osteocytes and neighboring cells in small channels called canaliculi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030484 abnormal osteocyte lacuna morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030485 abnormal osteocyte lacunocanalicular system morphology any structural anomaly of the small cavity within the bone matrix that is occupied by an osteocyte cell body, and from which slender canaliculi radiate and penetrate the adjacent lamellae to anastomose with the canaliculi of neighboring lacunae, thus forming a system of cavities interconnected by minute canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030485 abnormal osteocyte lacunocanalicular system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003795 abnormal bone structure any structural anomaly of the large network intercommunicating the lacunae and canaliculi which contain the osteocytes and their cytoplasmic processes within the mineralized bone matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030486 abnormal osteocyte canaliculus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030485 abnormal osteocyte lacunocanalicular system morphology any structural anomaly of the slender canals situated between the lacunae of ossified bone where osteocyte cytoplasmic (dendritic) processes reside; osteocyte canaliculi are used for exchange of nutrients and waste products through gap junctions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030487 abnormal osteocyte dendritic process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008753 abnormal osteocyte morphology any structural anomaly of the long, slender cytoplasmic processes by which mature osteocytes communicate with one another, receive mechanosensory signals and participate in the regulation of bone turnover; these processes radiate from the osteocyte cell body, run along narrow canaliculi, and are linked to other neighboring osteocytes processes by gap junctions, as well as to cytoplasmic processes of osteoblasts and bone lining cells on the bone surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030530 abnormal outer ear skin morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030529 abnormal head skin morphology any anomaly in a zone of skin that is part of an outer ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110096 cellular response to aldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901701 cellular response to oxygen-containing compound Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aldehyde stimulus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020581 abnormal neuron polarity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002882 abnormal neuron morphology any anomaly in the normal orientation or arrangement of the axon(s) and dendrite(s) in relation to the neuronal cell body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020582 increased ceramide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012232 abnormal ceramide level increased concentrations of ceramide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020583 decreased ceramide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012232 abnormal ceramide level decreased concentrations of ceramide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030607 abnormal sex cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011411 abnormal gonadal ridge morphology any structural anomaly of the cord-like masses of epithelial tissue that invaginate from the germinal epithelium of the gonad and give rise to seminiferous tubules and rete testes in the male, and primary ovarian follicles and rete ovarii in the female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150076 neuroinflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 inflammatory response The immediate defensive reaction by neural vertebrate tissue to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150078 positive regulation of neuroinflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150079 negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050728 negative regulation of inflammatory response Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030592 abnormal manganese homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005636 abnormal mineral homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of manganese ions within an organism or cell; manganese ions function as cofactors for a large variety of enzymes with many functions; while the element is a required trace mineral for all known living organisms, it also acts as a neurotoxin in larger amounts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030675 abnormal acetylcholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level anomaly in the amount of acetylcholine, an ester of acetic acid and choline; acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems; it also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020853 abnormal corneal epithelium thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006000 abnormal corneal epithelium morphology anomaly in the width or number of cell layers of the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020855 decreased corneal epithelium thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020853 abnormal corneal epithelium thickness decrease in the width or number of cell layers of the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020857 corneal epithelium hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006000 abnormal corneal epithelium morphology increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the corneal epithelium, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020858 corneal epithelium hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006000 abnormal corneal epithelium morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the corneal epithelium, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020859 disorganized corneal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006000 abnormal corneal epithelium morphology derangement of the pattern of the smooth stratified squamous epithelium that covers the outer surface of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020860 abnormal cornea physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005253 abnormal eye physiology any functional anomaly of the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber; together with the lens, the cornea refracts light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020861 abnormal corneal wound healing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020860 abnormal cornea physiology aberrant process of repair of trauma to the cornea, especially that caused by physical means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020864 premature suckling reflex loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020863 abnormal suckling reflex cessation of the suckling reflex occurs earlier in development compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020865 delayed suckling reflex loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020863 abnormal suckling reflex cessation of the suckling reflex occurs later in development compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020866 abnormal lipogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013245 abnormal lipid metabolism any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020867 increased lipogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020866 abnormal lipogenesis any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids that results in increased formation of lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020868 decreased lipogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020866 abnormal lipogenesis any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids that results in decreased formation of lipids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020869 immotile sperm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002675 asthenozoospermia complete absence of sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030568 abnormal H zone morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030566 abnormal A band morphology any structural anomaly of the relatively pale zone traversing the center of the A band of a sarcomere, visible in relaxed muscle fibers; it consists of the central portion of thick (myosin) filaments that are not overlapped by thin (actin) filaments; within the H zone is a thin dark M line, the attachment site for the thick filaments in the center of the sarcomere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030569 glomerular capillary endotheliosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011453 abnormal glomerular capillary endothelium morphology a renal lesion characterized by glomerular endothelial swelling with glomerular hypertrophy, obliteration of endothelial fenestrae, and narrowing or occlusion of the capillary lumens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030570 abnormal piliary canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology any structural anomaly of the tubular connection that is found between the epidermal surface and the most distal part of the hair follicle inner root sheath and contains the hair shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030571 dilated piliary canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030570 abnormal piliary canal morphology stretched or widened aperture of the luminal space of the tubular connection that is found between the epidermal surface and the most distal part of the hair follicle inner root sheath and contains the hair shaft; the infundibulum is the opening of the hair canal to the skin surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030573 abnormal hair follicle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011194 abnormal hair follicle physiology anomaly in the ability of any hair follicle cell population to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030574 increased hair follicle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030573 abnormal hair follicle cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of a hair follicle cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030575 decreased hair follicle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030573 abnormal hair follicle cell proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of a hair follicle cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030576 abnormal keratinocyte adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003566 abnormal cell adhesion any anomaly in the adhesive properties of keratinocytes, resulting in abnormal cell to cell and cell to extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030577 increased keratinocyte adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030576 abnormal keratinocyte adhesion increased ability of a keratinocyte to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030578 decreased keratinocyte adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030576 abnormal keratinocyte adhesion decreased ability of a keratinocyte to adhere to another cell or to a non-cellular component of the environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030579 thoracoabdominoschisis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003257 abnormal abdominal wall morphology a congenital fissure of both the thoracic and abdominal walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030580 abnormal hair follicle placode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003704 abnormal hair follicle development any structural anomaly of any of the local epithelial thickenings in the embryonic epidermis that define the location of the hair follicles; in mouse, embryonic hair follicle development is initiated by the first dermal signal, originating from dermal fibroblasts, leading to the formation of placodes at ~E13.5; each placode sends a message back to underlying dermis, which results in the formation of an aggregate of mesenchymal cells known as the dermal condensate; the placodes then grow downward, giving rise to the hair germ by E15.5, the hair peg by E17.5, and the bulbous hair peg by E18.5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030581 absent hair follicle placode http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030580 abnormal hair follicle placode morphology absence of the local epithelial thickening in the embryonic epidermis that normally gives rise to the hair follicle bud (aka hair germ) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030582 abnormal hair follicle placode formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030580 abnormal hair follicle placode morphology any anomaly in the developmental process in which a hair placode forms; in mouse, hair placode formation is initiated at ~E13.5 in response to the first dermal signal originating from dermal fibroblasts; the resulting primary hair placode cells signal to the underlying dermis, triggering formation of dermal condensates that will coordinate further differentiation of hair-forming cells; hair placode formation progresses through 3 successive waves (1) primary hair placodes form at E14.5 and produce guard hair, (2) secondary hair placodes form at E16-17 and produce awl hair, and (3) the third wave of hair follicle induction produces tertiary placodes and generate zig-zag hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030583 abnormal hair follicle peg morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003704 abnormal hair follicle development any structural anomaly of the solid column of keratinocytes growing into the dermis during embryonic hair follicle development; the concave proximal end starts to encase the dermal condensate, the future dermal papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030585 enhanced behavioral response to amphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013894 abnormal behavioral response to amphetamine increased sensitivity to amphetamine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030586 impaired behavioral response to amphetamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013894 abnormal behavioral response to amphetamine decreased sensitivity to amphetamine resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030587 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005216 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell morphology anomaly in the total physical bulk or volume of a pancreatic alpha cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030589 increased pancreatic alpha cell mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030587 abnormal pancreatic alpha cell mass greater total physical bulk or volume of a pancreatic alpha cell compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030590 abnormal sperm fibrous sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009836 abnormal sperm principal piece morphology any structural anomaly of the unique cytoskeletal component in the principal-piece segment of the sperm flagellum which surrounds the axoneme and outer dense fibers and contains two longitudinal columns that are connected by closely organized semicircular transverse ribs; the fibrous sheath is believed to regulate the degree of flexibility, flagellar motion and shape of the flagellar beat during the lifespan of a sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030593 abnormal manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030592 abnormal manganese homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of manganese in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030594 abnormal brain manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030593 abnormal manganese level any anomaly in the amount of manganese present in brain tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030595 increased brain manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030594 abnormal brain manganese level a greater accumulation of manganese in brain tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030598 increased liver manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030597 abnormal liver manganese level a greater accumulation of manganese in liver tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030599 decreased liver manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030597 abnormal liver manganese level a reduced amount of manganese in liver tissue compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030600 abnormal circulating manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030593 abnormal manganese level any anomaly in the blood concentration of manganese http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030601 increased circulating manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030600 abnormal circulating manganese level greater than normal concentration of manganese in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030612 organic aciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010028 aciduria increased excretion of non-amino organic acids in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030616 hyperglycinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030658 increased glycine level excretion of excessive amounts of glycine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030617 hyperglutaminuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030706 increased glutamine level excretion of excessive amounts of glutamine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030618 tryptophanuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003311 aminoaciduria excretion of excessive amounts of tryptophan in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030619 homogentisic aciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010028 aciduria excretion of excessive amounts of homogentisic acid (an intermediate in the tyrosine degradation pathway) and its oxidized form (benzoquinoneacetate) in the urine, giving it an unusually dark color on prolonged exposure to air http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030620 valinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030724 increased valine level excretion of excessive amounts of valine in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030622 increased cysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030621 abnormal cysteine level increase in the amount of cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030623 decreased cysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030621 abnormal cysteine level reduction in the amount of cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030624 abnormal circulating cysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030621 abnormal cysteine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030625 increased circulating cysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030624 abnormal circulating cysteine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030626 decreased circulating cysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030624 abnormal circulating cysteine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030627 abnormal methylmalonic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004019 abnormal vitamin homeostasis any anomaly in the amount of methylmalonic acid, a dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030629 decreased methylmalonic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030627 abnormal methylmalonic acid level reduction in the amount of methylmalonic acid, a dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030630 increased circulating methylmalonic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030628 increased methylmalonic acid level increased concentration in the blood of methylmalonic acid, a dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030631 abnormal urine creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010060 abnormal creatine level any change in the amount of creatine in the urine; creatine is a glycine derivative having methyl and amidino groups attached to the nitrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030632 increased urine creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030631 abnormal urine creatine level an increased concentration of creatine in the urine; creatine is a glycine derivative having methyl and amidino groups attached to the nitrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030633 decreased urine creatine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030631 abnormal urine creatine level a decreased concentration of creatine in the urine; creatine is a glycine derivative having methyl and amidino groups attached to the nitrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030634 abnormal taurine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of taurine, an amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid; taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030637 abnormal circulating taurine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030634 abnormal taurine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of taurine, an amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid; taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030638 increased circulating taurine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030637 abnormal circulating taurine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of taurine, an amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid; taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030639 decreased circulating taurine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030636 decreased taurine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of taurine, an amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid; taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030640 abnormal methionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of methionine, a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins; methionine is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030641 increased methionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030640 abnormal methionine level increase in the amount of methionine, a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030643 abnormal circulating methionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030640 abnormal methionine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of methionine, a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030644 increased circulating methionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030643 abnormal circulating methionine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of methionine, a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030645 decreased circulating methionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030643 abnormal circulating methionine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of methionine, a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030648 decreased ornithine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030646 abnormal ornithine level reduction in the amount of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030650 increased circulating ornithine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030647 increased ornithine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030651 decreased circulating ornithine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030648 decreased ornithine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030652 abnormal circulating glutathione level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012603 abnormal glutathione level aberrant concentration in the blood of glutathione, a tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030653 increased circulating glutathione level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030652 abnormal circulating glutathione level increase in the amount per unit of blood of glutathione, a tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030654 abnormal circulating glycine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030657 abnormal glycine level aberrant concentration in the blood of glycine, the simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030655 increased circulating glycine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030654 abnormal circulating glycine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of glycine, the simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030656 decreased circulating glycine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030659 decreased glycine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of glycine, the simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030657 abnormal glycine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of glycine, the simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain; glycine is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030659 decreased glycine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030657 abnormal glycine level reduction in the amount of glycine, the simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid that has a single hydrogen atom as its side chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030660 abnormal circulating arginine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030663 abnormal arginine level aberrant concentration in the blood of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha- is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030661 increased circulating arginine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030660 abnormal circulating arginine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha- is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group; usually associated with a deficiency of arginase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030665 decreased arginine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030663 abnormal arginine level reduction in the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha- is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030666 abnormal circulating proline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020236 abnormal proline level aberrant concentration in the blood of proline, an alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2; proline is a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030667 increased circulating proline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030666 abnormal circulating proline level increase in the amount per unit of blood of proline, an alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2; proline is a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030669 abnormal circulating phenylalanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030696 abnormal phenylalanine level aberrant concentration in the blood of phenylalanine (2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid), an aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group; it is an essential alpha-amino acid and the precursor of tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, and the skin pigment melanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030670 increased circulating phenylalanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030697 increased phenylalanine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of phenylalanine (2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid that is the precursor of tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, and the skin pigment melanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030671 decreased circulating phenylalanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030698 decreased phenylalanine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of phenylalanine (2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid that is the precursor of tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, and the skin pigment melanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030672 abnormal circulating alanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005311 abnormal circulating amino acid level aberrant concentration in the blood of alanine, an alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030673 increased circulating alanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030672 abnormal circulating alanine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of alanine, an alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030674 decreased circulating alanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030672 abnormal circulating alanine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of alanine, an alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030676 increased acetylcholine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030675 abnormal acetylcholine level greater than the normal amount of acetylcholine, an ester of acetic acid and choline; acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems; it also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030678 increased hydroxyproline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030677 abnormal hydroxyproline level increase in the amount of hydroxyproline, a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is a major component of collagen and plays a key role in the stability of the collagen triple helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030680 abnormal circulating hydroxyproline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030677 abnormal hydroxyproline level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of hydroxyproline, a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is a major component of collagen and plays a key role in the stability of the collagen triple helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030681 increased circulating hydroxyproline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030680 abnormal circulating hydroxyproline level increase in the amount per unit of blood of hydroxyproline, a non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is a major component of collagen and plays a key role in the stability of the collagen triple helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030683 abnormal cystathionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of cystathionine, a modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine; cystathionine is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030684 increased cystathionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030683 abnormal cystathionine level increase in the amount of cystathionine, a modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine; cystathionine is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030685 decreased cystathionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030683 abnormal cystathionine level reduction in the amount of cystathionine, a modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine; cystathionine is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030686 abnormal circulating cystathionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030683 abnormal cystathionine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of cystathionine, a modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine; cystathionine is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030687 increased circulating cystathionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030686 abnormal circulating cystathionine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of cystathionine, a modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine; cystathionine is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030688 decreased circulating cystathionine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030686 abnormal circulating cystathionine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of cystathionine, a modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine; cystathionine is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030691 increased serine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030690 abnormal serine level increase in the amount of serine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, a non-essential alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030692 decreased serine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030690 abnormal serine level reduction in the amount of serine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, a non-essential alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030694 increased circulating serine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030693 abnormal circulating serine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of serine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, a non-essential alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030695 decreased circulating serine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030693 abnormal circulating serine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of serine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, a non-essential alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030696 abnormal phenylalanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of phenylalanine (2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid), an aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group; it is an essential alpha-amino acid and the precursor of tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, and the skin pigment melanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030697 increased phenylalanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030696 abnormal phenylalanine level increase in the amount of phenylalanine (2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid that is the precursor of tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, and the skin pigment melanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030698 decreased phenylalanine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030696 abnormal phenylalanine level reduction in the amount of phenylalanine (2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid that is the precursor of tyrosine, the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, and the skin pigment melanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030699 abnormal threonine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030703 increased circulating threonine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030702 abnormal circulating threonine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030704 decreased circulating threonine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030702 abnormal circulating threonine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030705 abnormal glutamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of glutamine, a non-essential alpha-amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ammonia that may become conditionally essential in hypercatabolic states; glutamine plays several important roles, including protein and glutathione synthesis, energy production, acid-base balance, maintenance of optimal antioxidant status, intestinal integrity, immune function, gluconeogenesis, nitrogen transport, and neurotransmitter, nucleotide and nucleic acid synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030706 increased glutamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030705 abnormal glutamine level increase in the amount of glutamine, a non-essential alpha-amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ammonia that may become conditionally essential in hypercatabolic states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030707 decreased glutamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030705 abnormal glutamine level reduction in the amount of glutamine, a non-essential alpha-amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ammonia that may become conditionally essential in hypercatabolic states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030708 abnormal circulating glutamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030705 abnormal glutamine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of glutamine, a non-essential alpha-amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ammonia that may become conditionally essential in hypercatabolic states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030709 increased circulating glutamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030708 abnormal circulating glutamine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of glutamine, a non-essential alpha-amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ammonia that may become conditionally essential in hypercatabolic states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030710 decreased circulating glutamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030708 abnormal circulating glutamine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of glutamine, a non-essential alpha-amino acid synthesized from glutamate and ammonia that may become conditionally essential in hypercatabolic states http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030711 abnormal isoleucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of isoleucine, a 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration; it is an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030712 increased isoleucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030711 abnormal isoleucine level increase in the amount of isoleucine, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030713 decreased isoleucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030711 abnormal isoleucine level reduction in the amount of isoleucine, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030714 abnormal circulating isoleucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030711 abnormal isoleucine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of isoleucine, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030715 increased circulating isoleucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030714 abnormal circulating isoleucine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of isoleucine, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins and is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030717 abnormal circulating lysine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030720 abnormal lysine level aberrant concentration in the blood of lysine (2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid used in protein biosynthesis; in humans, lysine plays additional roles in the crosslinking of collagen polypeptides, uptake of essential mineral nutrients, and in the production of carnitine, which is key in fatty acid metabolism; it is also involved in epigenetic regulation by means of histone modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030718 increased circulating lysine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030717 abnormal circulating lysine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of lysine (2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid used in protein biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030719 decreased circulating lysine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030722 decreased lysine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of lysine (2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid used in protein biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030720 abnormal lysine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of lysine (2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid used in protein biosynthesis; in humans, lysine plays additional roles in the crosslinking of collagen polypeptides, uptake of essential mineral nutrients, and in the production of carnitine, which is key in fatty acid metabolism; it is also involved in epigenetic regulation by means of histone modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030722 decreased lysine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030720 abnormal lysine level reduction in the amount of lysine (2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), an essential alpha-amino acid used in protein biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030724 increased valine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030723 abnormal valine level increase in the amount of valine (2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid), a branched-chain essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins, has stimulant activity, and promotes muscle growth and tissue repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030725 decreased valine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030723 abnormal valine level reduction in the amount of valine (2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid), a branched-chain essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins, has stimulant activity, and promotes muscle growth and tissue repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030726 abnormal circulating valine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030723 abnormal valine level aberrant concentration in the blood of valine (2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid), a branched-chain essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins, has stimulant activity, and promotes muscle growth and tissue repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030727 increased circulating valine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030726 abnormal circulating valine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of valine (2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid), a branched-chain essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins, has stimulant activity, and promotes muscle growth and tissue repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030728 decreased circulating valine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030726 abnormal circulating valine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of valine (2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid), a branched-chain essential amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins, has stimulant activity, and promotes muscle growth and tissue repair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030731 abnormal gamma-aminobutyric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid, a non-proteinogenic gamma-amino acid that is not incorporated into proteins and acts as the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030733 decreased gamma-aminobutyric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030731 abnormal gamma-aminobutyric acid level reduction in the amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid, a non-proteinogenic gamma-amino acid that is not incorporated into proteins and acts as the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030734 increased urine gamma-aminobutyric acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030732 increased gamma-aminobutyric acid level excretion of excessive amounts of gamma-aminobutyric in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030735 abnormal glutamic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of glutamic acid (2-aminopentanedioic acid), a non-essential alpha-amino used in the biosynthesis of proteins; its anion form, glutamate, is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and also serves as the metabolic precursor of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030736 increased glutamic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030735 abnormal glutamic acid level increase in the amount of glutamic acid (2-aminopentanedioic acid), a non-essential alpha-amino used in the biosynthesis of proteins; its anion form, glutamate, is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and also serves as the metabolic precursor of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030738 abnormal circulating glutamic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030735 abnormal glutamic acid level aberrant concentration in the blood of glutamic acid (2-aminopentanedioic acid), a non-essential alpha-amino used in the biosynthesis of proteins; its anion form, glutamate, is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and also serves as the metabolic precursor of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030740 decreased circulating glutamic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030737 decreased glutamic acid level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of glutamic acid (2-aminopentanedioic acid), a non-essential alpha-amino used in the biosynthesis of proteins; its anion form, glutamate, is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and also serves as the metabolic precursor of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030741 abnormal aspartic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of aspartic acid (2-aminobutanedioic acid), a non-essential alpha-amino used in the biosynthesis of proteins; its anion form, aspartate, may play a role in excitatory neurotransmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030742 increased aspartic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030741 abnormal aspartic acid level increase in the amount of aspartic acid (2-aminobutanedioic acid) or its anion form, aspartate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030743 decreased aspartic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030741 abnormal aspartic acid level reduction in the amount of aspartic acid (2-aminobutanedioic acid) or its anion form, aspartate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030745 increased circulating homocitrulline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030744 abnormal circulating homocitrulline level increase in the amount per unit of blood of homocitrulline, an amino acid and a metabolite of ornithine in mammalian metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030746 abnormal leucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030747 increased leucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030746 abnormal leucine level increase in the amount of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030748 decreased leucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030746 abnormal leucine level reduction in the amount of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030749 abnormal circulating leucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030746 abnormal leucine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030750 increased circulating leucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030749 abnormal circulating leucine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030751 decreased circulating leucine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030749 abnormal circulating leucine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, an essential branched-chain alpha-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030752 abnormal choline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001765 abnormal ion homeostasis any anomaly in the amount of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030753 decreased choline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030752 abnormal choline level less than the normal amount of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030755 increased histamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030754 abnormal histamine level increase in the amount of histamine, an amine derived from the decarboxylation of histidine that is involved in local immune responses, in regulating physiological function in the gut, and that acts as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus; histamine is involved in the inflammatory response and has a central role as a mediator of itching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030756 decreased histamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030754 abnormal histamine level reduction in the amount of histamine, an amine derived from the decarboxylation of histidine that is involved in local immune responses, in regulating physiological function in the gut, and that acts as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus; histamine is involved in the inflammatory response and has a central role as a mediator of itching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030757 abnormal circulating histamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030754 abnormal histamine level aberrant concentration in the blood of histamine, an amine derived from the decarboxylation of histidine that is involved in local immune responses, in regulating physiological function in the gut, and that acts as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus; histamine is involved in the inflammatory response and has a central role as a mediator of itching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030758 increased circulating histamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030757 abnormal circulating histamine level increase in the amount per unit of blood of histamine, an amine derived from the decarboxylation of histidine that is involved in local immune responses, in regulating physiological function in the gut, and that acts as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus; histamine is involved in the inflammatory response and has a central role as a mediator of itching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030759 decreased circulating histamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030757 abnormal circulating histamine level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of histamine, an amine derived from the decarboxylation of histidine that is involved in local immune responses, in regulating physiological function in the gut, and that acts as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus; histamine is involved in the inflammatory response and has a central role as a mediator of itching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030760 increased circulating dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001906 increased dopamine level greater than the normal blood amount of dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030762 decreased adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003962 abnormal adrenaline level less than the normal amount of adrenaline, a catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors and that causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030763 abnormal anandamide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001547 abnormal lipid level anomaly in the amount of anandamide, N-arachidonoylethanolamine, a fatty acid neurotransmitter derived from the non-oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid; it is an endocannabinoid that binds to cannabinoid receptors and influences mood, appetite, motivation, perception of pain and pleasure, and memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030765 decreased anandamide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030763 abnormal anandamide level reduction in the amount of anandamide, N-arachidonoylethanolamine, a fatty acid neurotransmitter derived from the non-oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid; it is an endocannabinoid that binds to cannabinoid receptors and influences mood, appetite, motivation, perception of pain and pleasure, and memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030766 increased urine catecholamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011478 abnormal urine catecholamine level greater than the normal urinary amount of catecholamines, including adrenaline, noradrenaline and L-dopamine; catecholamines act as hormones or neurotransmitters and are derived from the amino acid tyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030767 decreased urine catecholamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011478 abnormal urine catecholamine level less than the normal urinary amount of catecholamines, including adrenaline, noradrenaline and L-dopamine; catecholamines act as hormones or neurotransmitters and are derived from the amino acid tyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030768 increased urine dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030766 increased urine catecholamine level an increased amount of dopamine in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030769 decreased urine dopamine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030767 decreased urine catecholamine level a reduced amount of dopamine in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030770 increased urine adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030761 increased adrenaline level an increased amount of adrenaline in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030772 increased urine noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030766 increased urine catecholamine level an increased amount of noradrenaline in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030773 decreased urine noradrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030767 decreased urine catecholamine level a reduced amount of noradrenaline in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030774 abnormal ischiofemoral ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030829 abnormal hip joint morphology any structural anomaly of the triangular band of strong fibers on the posterior side of the hip joint; its fibers span from the ischium at a point below and behind the acetabulum to blend with the circular fibers at the posterior end of the joint capsule and attach at the intertrochanteric line of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030775 abnormal calcaneal tendon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005503 abnormal tendon morphology any structural anomaly of the large, strong tendon that serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030776 calcified calcaneal tendon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030775 abnormal calcaneal tendon morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the large, strong tendon that serves to attach the plantaris, gastrocnemius (calf) and soleus muscles to the calcaneus (heel) bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030777 abnormal urine citrate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006272 abnormal urine organic anion level any anomaly in the urinary amount of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, an important intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030778 increased urine citrate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030777 abnormal urine citrate level greater than the normal urinary amount of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, an important intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030779 decreased urine citrate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030777 abnormal urine citrate level less than the normal urinary amount of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, an important intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030780 increased urine glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030782 abnormal urine glycerol level an increased amount of glycerol in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030781 decreased urine glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030782 abnormal urine glycerol level a reduced amount of glycerol in the urine compared to the normal state http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030782 abnormal urine glycerol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009643 abnormal urine homeostasis any change in the amount of glycerol in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030783 abnormal posterior longitudinal ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the ligament that runs within the vertebral canal along the posterior aspect of the vertebral bodies; it is attached mainly to the intervertebral (IV) discs and less so to the posterior aspects of the vertebral bodies from C2 (axis) to the sacrum, often bridging fat and vessels between the ligament and the bony surface; it weakly resists hyperflexion of the vertebral column and helps prevent or redirect posterior herniation of the nucleus pulposus of an IV disc; the posterior longitudinal ligament is well provided with nociceptive (pain) nerve endings and is a much narrower, somewhat weaker band than the anterior longitudinal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030784 abnormal iliofemoral ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030829 abnormal hip joint morphology any structural anomaly of the strong triangular ligament that is attached by its apex to the anterior inferior spine of the ilium and acetabular margin and by its base to the intertrochanteric line of the femur; it stabilizes the hip joint and limits extension and lateral rotation of the hip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030785 abnormal falciform ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010789 abnormal stomach mesentery morphology any structural anomaly of the broad and thin, sickle-shaped peritoneal ligament that attaches the liver to the anterior body wall and is a remnant of the ventral mesentery of the fetus; it is situated in an anteroposterior plane but lies obliquely so that one surface faces forward and is in contact with the peritoneum behind the right rectus abdominis and the diaphragm, while the other is directed backwards and is in contact with the left lobe of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030786 absent falciform ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030785 abnormal falciform ligament morphology missing the broad and thin, sickle-shaped peritoneal ligament that attaches the liver to the anterior body wall and is a remnant of the ventral mesentery of the fetus; normally, it is situated in an anteroposterior plane but lies obliquely so that one surface faces forward and is in contact with the peritoneum behind the right rectus abdominis and the diaphragm, while the other is directed backwards and is in contact with the left lobe of the liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030787 abnormal cranial suspensory ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the ligament that connects the cranial tip of the future gonad to the dorsocranial abdominal cavity; during male embryogenesis, outgrowth of the gubernaculum and regression of the CSL result in transabdominal descent of the testes, whereas in the female, development of the CSL in conjunction with failure of the gubernaculum development holds the ovaries in a position lateral to the kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030788 abnormal femur head morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology any structural anomaly of the highest, globular part of the thigh bone which comprises two-thirds of a sphere and articulates with the acetabulum in the pelvic bone forming the hip joint; the head is attached to the femoral body or shaft by the neck of the femur; its surface is smooth, coated with cartilage in the fresh state, except over an ovoid depression, the fovea capitis femoris, which is situated a little below and behind the center of the head, and gives attachment to the ligament of head of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030789 abnormal femur neck morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology any structural anomaly of the flattened pyramidal process of bone, connecting the femoral head with the femoral shaft, and forming with the latter a wide angle opening medialward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030790 coxa vara http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030789 abnormal femur neck morphology a hip deformity that includes all forms of decrease of the femoral neck shaft angle (the angle between the neck and the shaft of the femur) to less than 120 degrees; it may be congenital often syndromic, acquired, or developmental http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030791 club-shaped femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology an abnormal conformation of the femur that becomes gradually enlarged at one end http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030792 large femur head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030788 abnormal femur head morphology increased size of the femur head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030793 short femur neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030789 abnormal femur neck morphology decreased length of the femur neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030794 broad femur neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030789 abnormal femur neck morphology increased width of the femur neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030796 hip dislocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030829 abnormal hip joint morphology displacement of the femur from its normal location in the hip joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030797 joint laxity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008069 abnormal joint mobility looseness or lack of stability of a joint; may be caused by a number of factors including intraarticular disease and injury or slacking of extraarticular structures such as joint capsules, ligaments, and muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030798 joint contracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008069 abnormal joint mobility chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement of joints; a flexion contracture is a bent (flexed) joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030799 abnormal tendon sheath morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005503 abnormal tendon morphology any structural anomaly of the membrane that wraps around a tendon; it allows the tendon to stretch and prevents it from adhering to the overlying fascia; tendon sheaths consist of two layers: a fibrous layer, made of tight collagenous tissue, and a synovial layer; the synovial part of the tendon sheath consists of a visceral and parietal layer separated by synovial fluid, which keeps the tendon moist and lubricated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030800 abnormal patellar ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the central portion of the common tendon of the quadriceps femoris; it is attached to the apex of the patella and to the lower part of the tubercle of the tibia; it is sometimes called the patellar tendon as it is a continuation of the quadriceps tendon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030801 tendonitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030802 abnormal tendon physiology inflammation of a tendon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030803 abnormal tendon cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005503 abnormal tendon morphology any structural anomaly of any of the elongated fibrocytes in which the cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibers of the tendon; tendon cells have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus, a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, and are responsible for synthesis and turnover of tendon fibers and ground substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030808 abnormal hindlimb joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030805 abnormal limb joint morphology any structural anomaly of any limb joint that is part of a hindlimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030809 abnormal humeroradial joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013945 abnormal elbow joint morphology any structural anomaly of the hinge joint between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030810 abnormal atlanto-occipital joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of either of a pair of condyloid synovial joints between the superior articular facets of the atlas and the condyles of the occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030811 abnormal hand joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of any skeletal joint that is part of a hand (manus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030812 abnormal metacarpophalangeal joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030811 abnormal hand joint morphology any structural anomaly of any of the condylar or ellipsoid synovial joints between the heads of the metacarpal bones and the bases of the proximal phalanges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030813 abnormal hand interphalangeal joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030811 abnormal hand joint morphology any structural anomaly of any hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand; there are two sets in each finger (except in the thumb): (i) proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges and (ii) distal interphalangeal joints (DIP), those between the second and third (distal) phalanges; a similar group of articulations also function in the toes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030814 abnormal wrist joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030811 abnormal hand joint morphology any structural anomaly of the joint connecting the forelimb zeugopod skeleton with the carpal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030815 abnormal radiocarpal joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030814 abnormal wrist joint morphology any structural anomaly of the major condyloid synovial joint of the wrist which occurs proximally between the distal end of the radius and the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint, and distally by the proximal carpal row (the scaphoid, lunate and triquetral bones) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030817 abnormal glenohumeral joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030820 abnormal pectoral girdle joint morphology any structural anomaly of the main articulation of the shoulder joint; the glenohumeral joint is the multiaxial ball-and-socket synovial joint formed by the articular surfaces of the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030819 abnormal pelvic girdle joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of any synovial joint that is part of a pelvic girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030821 abnormal sacroiliac joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030819 abnormal pelvic girdle joint morphology any structural anomaly of the synovial joint that forms between the lateral articulating surfaces of the sacrum and the articulating surfaces of the ilium; it is supported by a number of strong ligaments which increase joint stability and reduce the incidence of dislocations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030822 sacroiliac joint inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002933 joint inflammation inflammation of one or both of the sacroiliac joints; it may be a symptom of other inflammatory arthritic conditions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030826 decreased femur weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030825 decreased femur size less than average weight of the long bone of the thigh (femur) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030827 femur fracture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology a crack or break in the long bone of the thigh (femur) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030828 abnormal obturator foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004509 abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of the large opening created by the ischium and pubis bones of the pelvis through which nerves and blood vessels pass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030829 abnormal hip joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030819 abnormal pelvic girdle joint morphology any structural anomaly of the multi-axial, ball-and-socket synovial joint between the femur head and the acetabulum of the innominate bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030830 abnormal acetabulum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030829 abnormal hip joint morphology any structural anomaly of the large cup-shaped cavity on the anterolateral aspect of the pelvis that articulates with the femoral head to form the hip joint; it is formed by the three bones of the pelvis (the ischium, ilium and pubis) and is the socket portion of the ball-and-socket hip joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030832 abnormal scapular coracoid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology any structural anomaly of the hook-shaped bone structure that projects anterolaterally from the superior aspect of the scapular neck and serves as an important anchor for several tendinous and ligamentous structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030833 small acromion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004345 abnormal acromion morphology reduced size of the outer end of the spine of the scapula that protects the glenoid cavity, forms the outer angle of the shoulder, and articulates with the clavicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030834 acromion hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030833 small acromion decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the acromion, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030835 abnormal ankle joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of a joint that connects the hindlimb autopod and zeugopod skeletons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030836 abnormal tibiofibular joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030879 abnormal syndesmosis morphology any structural anomaly of a joint that connects the tibia and the fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030837 abnormal knee joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030881 abnormal knee morphology any structural anomaly of the synovial hinge joint formed between the femur, tibia, and patella; it involves two articulations: the tibiofemoral joint, connecting the proximal tibia to the distal femur, and the patellofemoral joint, connecting the patella to the femur; the knee joint allows flexion and extension of the leg, as well as slight medial rotation in end extension, and lateral rotation when unlocking the knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030838 abnormal acetabular fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004509 abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of the roughened depression in the acetabular floor which extends superiorly from the acetabular notch and hosts the ligamentum teres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030839 abnormal acetabular notch morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004509 abnormal pelvic girdle bone morphology any structural anomaly of the deep notch (depression) located anteroinferiorly along the margin of the acetabulum; it is bridged by the transverse ligament and thus forms the acetabular foramen through which nutrient vessels and nerves enter the hip joint; the ligamentum teres has part of its origin from the acetabular notch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030840 abnormal acetabular labrum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030829 abnormal hip joint morphology any structural anomaly of the horse-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure that attaches to the peripheral rim of the acetabulum, contacts the articular surface of the femoral head, and blends inferiorly with the transverse acetabular ligament; it increases the depth of the acetabulum, increasing static stability and contributes to hydrostatic pressurization of the intra-articular space, joint lubrication, and load distribution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030841 abnormal transverse acetabular ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030829 abnormal hip joint morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous continuation of the acetabular labrum that is completely collagenous and contains no chondrocytes or cartilage; it consists of strong, flattened fibers which cross the acetabular notch and convert it into the acetabular foramen through which nutrient vessels and nerves enter the hip joint; it prevents inferior displacement of head of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030842 absent subarcuate fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009822 abnormal subarcuate fossa morphology missing the irregular depression normally found on the posterior inner surface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone just below its crest and above and lateral to the internal acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030843 elbow dislocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013945 abnormal elbow joint morphology dislocation of the distal humerus out of the elbow joint, where the radius, ulna, and humerus meet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030844 abnormal pubis body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004506 abnormal pubis morphology any structural anomaly of the flattened medial portion of the pubic bone entering into the pubic symphysis; superior and inferior rami extend from it; the body forms one-fifth of the acetabulum, contributing by its external surface both to the lunate surface and the acetabular fossa; its internal surface enters into the formation of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to a portion of the obturator internus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030845 abnormal pubic ramus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004506 abnormal pubis morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two bar-like processes (branches or rami) of the pubic bone that extend laterally and posteriorly from the pubic symphysis; the inferior ramus articulates with the ischium; the superior ramus articulates with the ilium and forms the front of the acetabulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030846 abnormal superior pubic ramus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030845 abnormal pubic ramus morphology any structural anomaly of the bar of bone, triangular in section, which extends posterosuperiorly from the body of the pubis to form the superior boundary of the obturator foramen; it contributes about one fifth of the articular surface of the acetabulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030847 abnormal inferior pubic ramus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030845 abnormal pubic ramus morphology any structural anomaly of the inferior extension from body of pubic bone that meets with the ramus of the ischium below the obturator foramen to form the ischiopubic ramus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030848 short ilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology reduced length of the broad, flaring portion of the hip bone, which is distinct at birth, but later fuses with the ischium and the pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030849 wide ilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology increased width of the broad, flaring portion of the hip bone, which is distinct at birth, but later fuses with the ischium and the pubis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030850 abnormal ilium body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology any structural anomaly of the thick lower part (base) of the ilium that forms about the upper two-fifths of the acetabulum; its external surface is partly articular, partly non-articular; the articular segment forms part of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, the non-articular portion contributes to the acetabular fossa; the internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the obturator internus; below, it is continuous with the pelvic surfaces of the ischium and pubis, only a faint line indicating the place of union http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030851 abnormal iliac fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology any structural anomaly of the large, smooth, concave surface on the internal surface of the ilium; the fossa is bounded above by the iliac crest, below by the arcuate line, and in front and behind, by the anterior and posterior borders of the ilium; it gives origin to the iliacus muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030852 abnormal ilium wing morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology any structural anomaly of the large, expanded (wing-like) portion of the ilium which bounds the greater pelvis laterally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030853 abnormal iliac crest morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005354 abnormal ilium morphology any structural anomaly of the superior border of the wing of ilium and the superolateral margin of the greater pelvis; it runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the posterior superior iliac spine; many of the important abdominal and core muscles are attached to the iliac crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030854 atlanto-occipital joint dislocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030810 abnormal atlanto-occipital joint morphology separation of the joints formed by the occipital condyles and the atlas (C-1) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030855 abnormal olecranon fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005296 abnormal humerus morphology any structural anomaly of the deep triangular depression on the posterior side of the humerus, superior to the trochlea, in which the summit of the olecranon is received during extension of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030856 abnormal olecranon morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology any structural anomaly of the large bony prominence at the proximal end of the ulna which articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and is palpable at the posterior aspect of the elbow; while the olecranon is an attachment site for several muscle groups including the flexor carpi ulnaris and anconeus, the major muscle attachment is that of the triceps brachii muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030857 absent olecranon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030856 abnormal olecranon morphology missing the large bony prominence at the proximal end of the ulna which articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and is palpable at the posterior aspect of the elbow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030858 small olecranon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030856 abnormal olecranon morphology size reduction of the large bony prominence at the proximal end of the ulna which articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and is palpable at the posterior aspect of the elbow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030859 absent sesamoid bone of gastrocnemius http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009005 abnormal sesamoid bone of gastrocnemius morphology missing the small sesamoid bones situated behind the condyles of the femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030860 patellar dislocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030795 joint dislocation complete displacement of the patella (kneecap) from its normal position in the patellofemoral groove (trochlea), the V-shaped notch on the front of the femur; the most common direction for a dislocated patella is lateral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030862 absent triquetrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030861 abnormal triquetrum morphology missing the bone in the proximal row of the carpus that has a pyramidal shape and that is situated between the lunate and pisiform bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030863 decreased joint mobility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008069 abnormal joint mobility reduced ability to move joints in a full range of motion and with ease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030864 wrist dislocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030814 abnormal wrist joint morphology displacement of any of the small carpal bones which make up the wrist out of their normal position in the wrist joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030865 abnormal synovial joint cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the minute space enclosed by the synovial membrane and articular cartilages in a synovial joint; it is the site at which the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other; it contains synovial fluid, a highly viscous, hyaluronic acid–rich fluid that lubricates the joint surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030866 abnormal synovial joint membrane morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the connective tissue membrane that lines the cavity of a synovial joint and produces the synovial fluid; it lines all internal surfaces of the cavity except for the articular cartilage of the bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030867 small thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002260 abnormal thyroid cartilage morphology size reduction of the largest of the laryngeal cartilages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030868 absent thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002260 abnormal thyroid cartilage morphology missing the largest of the laryngeal cartilages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030869 thyroid cartilage hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030867 small thyroid cartilage decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the thyroid cartilage, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030870 abnormal superior horn of thyroid cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002260 abnormal thyroid cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of either of a pair of upward projections from the posterior border of the thyroid cartilage; it is long and narrow, directed upward, backward, and medialward, and ends in a conical extremity, which gives attachment to the lateral hyothyroid ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030871 abnormal inferior horn of thyroid cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002260 abnormal thyroid cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of either of a pair of downward projections from the posterior border of the thyroid cartilage; it is short and thick, directed downward, with a slight inclination forward and medialward, and presents, on the medial side of its tip, a small oval articular facet for articulation with the side of the cricoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030873 absent cricoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002258 abnormal cricoid cartilage morphology missing the most inferior of the laryngeal cartilages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030874 cricoid cartilage hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030872 small cricoid cartilage decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the cricoid cartilage, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030876 abnormal costochondral joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004625 abnormal rib joint morphology any structural anomaly of the hyaline cartilaginous joint (synchondrosis) between each rib and its costal cartilage; the articulation is between the cup-shaped depression in the sternal end of a rib and the lateral end of a costal cartilage; the rib and its cartilage are firmly bound together by the continuity of the periosteum of the rib with the perichondrium of the cartilage; no movement normally occurs at these joints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030878 abnormal fibrous joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology any structural anomaly of any joint that lacks a joint cavity and involves bones that are joined together by dense fibrous connective tissue, consisting mainly of collagen; most (but not all) fibrous joints are immovable (synarthroses) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030882 abnormal radius head morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013945 abnormal elbow joint morphology any structural anomaly of the proximal articular surface of the radius that forms part of the elbow joint and that is palpable on the lateral side of the elbow, immediately distal to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus; the radial head articulates with the ulna at the proximal radioulnar joint and with the humerus at the radiohumeral joint; at the proximal radioulnar joint, the radial head sits in the radial notch of the proximal ulna and is held in place by the annular ligaments; at the radiohumeral joint, the radial head sits adjacent to the capitellum of the humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030883 dislocated radius head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030882 abnormal radius head morphology a dislocation of the head of the radius from its socket in the elbow joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030884 rachitic rosary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030876 abnormal costochondral joint morphology abnormal expansion of the anterior rib ends at the costochondral junctions; most frequently seen in rickets as nodularity (prominent bony knobs) at the costochondral junctions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030887 abnormal sternoclavicular joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030820 abnormal pectoral girdle joint morphology any structural anomaly of the synovial joint between the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum; it is the only attachment of the upper limb to the axial skeleton and consists of the sternal end of the clavicle, the manubrium of the sternum, and part of the first costal cartilage; the articular surfaces are covered with fibrocartilage (as opposed to hyaline cartilage); the joint is separated into two compartments by a fibrocartilaginous articular disk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030888 absent arytenoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002257 abnormal arytenoid cartilage morphology missing the paired triangular cartilages that normally are located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030889 small arytenoid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002257 abnormal arytenoid cartilage morphology size reduction of the paired triangular cartilages located postlaterally at the level of the thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030890 arytenoid cartilage hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030889 small arytenoid cartilage decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the arytenoid cartilage, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030891 small epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010371 abnormal epiglottis morphology size reduction of the most superior of the laryngeal cartilages, which is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing, preventing inhalation of food or drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030892 epiglottis hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030891 small epiglottis decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the epiglottis, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030893 enlarged epiglottis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010371 abnormal epiglottis morphology increased size of the most superior of the laryngeal cartilages, which is found at the root of the tongue and folds back over the entrance to the larynx during swallowing, preventing inhalation of food or drink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030894 epiglottis hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030893 enlarged epiglottis increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the epiglottis, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030895 abnormal tibiofemoral joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030837 abnormal knee joint morphology any structural anomaly of the modified hinge synovial joint that joins the distal femur to the proximal tibia; it is the weight-bearing joint of the knee; the articulation occurs between the medial and lateral femoral condyles and the tibial condyles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030896 abnormal patellofemoral joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030837 abnormal knee joint morphology any structural anomaly of the synovial joint between the condyles of the femur and the articular surface of the patella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030897 abnormal humeroulnar joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013945 abnormal elbow joint morphology any structural anomaly of the simple hinge-type synovial joint between the trochlea on the medial aspect of the distal end of the humerus and the trochlear notch on the proximal ulna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030902 abnormal ulnar styloid process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology any structural anomaly of the cylindrical, pointed, palpable projection from the medial and posterior aspect of the head of the ulna, to the tip of which is attached the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030903 small ulnar styloid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030902 abnormal ulnar styloid process morphology reduced size of the cylindric, pointed, palpable projection from the medial and posterior aspect of the head of the ulna, to the tip of which is attached the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030905 abnormal melanoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030904 abnormal melanoblast physiology anomaly in the ability of melanoblasts to undergo expansion by cell division; a melanoblast is a cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030906 decreased melanoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030905 abnormal melanoblast proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of melanoblasts by cell division; a melanoblast is a cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030907 increased melanoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030905 abnormal melanoblast proliferation increase in the expansion rate of melanoblasts by cell division; a melanoblast is a cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030908 abnormal melanocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005076 abnormal cell differentiation any anomaly in the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030909 abnormal melanocyte adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003566 abnormal cell adhesion any anomaly in the adhesive properties of melanocytes, resulting in abnormal cell to cell and cell to extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030910 abnormal melanoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030904 abnormal melanoblast physiology change in the timing or the number of melanoblasts undergoing programmed cell death; a melanoblast is a cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030911 increased melanoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030910 abnormal melanoblast apoptosis increase in the number of melanoblasts undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030912 decreased melanoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030910 abnormal melanoblast apoptosis reduction in the number of melanoblasts undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030913 abnormal melanosome formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology any anomaly in the aggregation, arrangement or bonding together of a set of components required to form a melanosome, a tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030914 abnormal endosome to melanosome transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001186 pigmentation phenotype any anomaly in the directed movement of substances from endosomes to the melanosome, a tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030915 abnormal melanosome maturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology any anomaly in the developmental processes that are required for a melanosome to attain its fully functional state; melanosome maturation occurs through sequential stages (I-IV) that can be defined based on morphology and melanin content; stage I pre-melanosomes are roughly spherical, lack pigment, contain intraluminal vesicles, and resemble multivesicular bodies i.e. structures found along the endosomal pathway; stage II melanosomes are elongated (ellipsoidal) in shape, lack pigment, and contain intraluminal matrix fibers organized in a striated array; deposition of melanin along the matrix fibers begins in stage III melanosomes; stage IV melanosomes, corresponding to fully-melanized mature organelles, are characterized by a dense homogeneous deposit of melanin that covers all the internal structures of the matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030916 abnormal melanosome size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005075 abnormal melanosome morphology anomaly in the average size of the tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030917 enlarged melanosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030916 abnormal melanosome size greater than average size of the tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored; giant melanosomes may become frequent in conditions of pathological melanogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030918 small melanosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030916 abnormal melanosome size less than average size of the tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030919 absent hair follicle bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010681 abnormal hair follicle bulb morphology missing the thickening of the proximal end of the hair follicle that contains rapidly proliferating, rather undifferentiated matrix cells (transient amplifying cells), melanocytes and outer root sheath cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030920 small hair follicle bulb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010681 abnormal hair follicle bulb morphology reduced size of the thickening of the proximal end of the hair follicle that contains rapidly proliferating, rather undifferentiated matrix cells (transient amplifying cells), melanocytes and outer root sheath cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030921 abnormal hair club morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003809 abnormal hair shaft morphology any structural anomaly of the club-shaped structure which forms from keratinized epithelial cells at the base of the hair shaft during catagen, and interdigitates with the surrounding outer root sheath to anchor the hair in place; the club is necessary for the retention of a completed hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030922 absent hair club http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030921 abnormal hair club morphology missing the club-shaped structure which forms from keratinized epithelial cells at the base of the hair shaft during catagen, and interdigitates with the surrounding outer root sheath to anchor the hair in place; the club is necessary for the retention of a completed hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030923 abnormal hair follicle ostium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000377 abnormal hair follicle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the openings of the hair follicles through which the hair fibers emerge from the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030924 early exit from telogen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008860 abnormal hair cycle telogen phase anomaly in the resting or quiescent phase of the hair growth cycle resulting a shortened telogen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030925 early exit from anagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008858 abnormal hair cycle anagen phase anomaly in the growth phase of the hair cycle resulting a shortened anagen phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030926 increased skin pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002095 abnormal skin pigmentation visually detectable excess of pigment present in the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030927 decreased telomere length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003155 abnormal telomere length reduction in the average length of the terminal repetitive DNA section of a chromosome that is involved in chromosomal replication and senescence and protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration; normal length is a few hundred base pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030928 increased telomere length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003155 abnormal telomere length increase in the average length of the terminal repetitive DNA section of a chromosome that is involved in chromosomal replication and senescence and protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration; normal length is a few hundred base pairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030929 increased digit pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030926 increased skin pigmentation visually detectable excess of pigment present on the finger or toe surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030930 decreased digit pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011627 decreased skin pigmentation visually detectable dilution of pigment present on the finger or toe surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030931 increased nipple pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006078 abnormal nipple morphology visually detectable excess of pigment present on the surface of the nipple and/or areola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140354 lipid import into cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of a lipid from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001200 lymphocyte of B lineage, CD19-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000945 lymphocyte of B lineage A lymphocyte of B lineage that is CD19-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001201 B cell, CD19-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001200 lymphocyte of B lineage, CD19-positive A B cell that is CD19-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001203 CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000909 CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122-high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001204 CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000897 CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta long-lived T cell with the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122-high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008033 decidual pericyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000078 placental pericyte A pericyte of the decidual vasculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008034 mural cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033054 perivascular cell Mural cells are pericytes and the vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) of the microcirculation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017000 pulmonary ionocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005006 ionocyte An ionocyte that is part of the lung epithelium. The cells from this type are major sources of the CFTR protein in human and mice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_166856 hydroxytrimethylaminium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_137983 methylated tertiary amine A methylated tertiary amine that is trimethylammonium in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020958 abnormal c-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012033 abnormal ERG implicit time anomaly in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the c-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020959 decreased c-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020958 abnormal c-wave implicit time decrease in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the c-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020960 increased c-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020958 abnormal c-wave implicit time increase in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the c-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020961 abnormal c-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012040 abnormal c-wave shape anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the c-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020962 increased c-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020961 abnormal c-wave amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the c-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020963 decreased c-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020961 abnormal c-wave amplitude reduction in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the c-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020964 abnormal platelet dense granule secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020848 abnormal exocytosis any anomaly in the regulated release of any of the contents of platelet dense granules, such as cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+), polyphosphates, nucleotides (ADP, ATP, GTP) or bioactive amines (serotonin and histamine) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020965 increased platelet dense granule secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020964 abnormal platelet dense granule secretion increase in the regulated release of any of the contents of platelet dense granules, such as cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+), polyphosphates, nucleotides (ADP, ATP, GTP) or bioactive amines (serotonin and histamine) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020966 decreased platelet dense granule secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020964 abnormal platelet dense granule secretion decrease in the regulated release of any of the contents of platelet dense granules, such as cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+), polyphosphates, nucleotides (ADP, ATP, GTP) or bioactive amines (serotonin and histamine) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020967 absent platelet dense granule secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020966 decreased platelet dense granule secretion absence of the regulated release of any of the contents of platelet dense granules, such as cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+), polyphosphates, nucleotides (ADP, ATP, GTP) or bioactive amines (serotonin and histamine) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020968 enhanced conditioned taste aversion behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012313 enhanced avoidance learning behavior increase in the ability of an animal to learn to avoid food sources that were previously associated with aversive internal stimuli or sickness such as a drug that induces sickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020969 impaired conditioned taste aversion behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012312 impaired avoidance learning behavior decrease in the ability of an animal to learn to avoid food sources that were previously associated with aversive internal stimuli or sickness such as a drug that induces sickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020970 abnormal neurotransmitter turnover http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005266 abnormal metabolism any anomaly in the process by which neurotransmitters are renewed, frequently measured as a ratio of metabolite(s) of the neurotransmitter to the neurotransmitter itself http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020971 increased neurotransmitter turnover http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020970 abnormal neurotransmitter turnover increase in the process by which neurotransmitters are renewed, frequently measured as a ratio of metabolite(s) of the neurotransmitter to the neurotransmitter itself http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020972 decreased neurotransmitter turnover http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020970 abnormal neurotransmitter turnover reduction in the process by which neurotransmitters are renewed, frequently measured as a ratio of metabolite(s) of the neurotransmitter to the neurotransmitter itself http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020974 abnormal FO-wave shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012029 abnormal electroretinogram waveform feature any anomaly in the graphical representation of the FO-wave in the electroretinogram; the ERG FO-wave can be used to assess the functional integrity of the photoreceptors, the pigment epithelial cells and the interactions between them http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020975 abnormal FO-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020974 abnormal FO-wave shape anomaly in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the FO-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020976 increased FO-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020975 abnormal FO-wave amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the FO-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020977 decreased FO-wave amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020975 abnormal FO-wave amplitude decrease in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the FO-wave as measured in the electroretinogram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020978 abnormal FO-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012033 abnormal ERG implicit time anomaly in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the FO-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020979 decreased FO-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020978 abnormal FO-wave implicit time decrease in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the FO-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020980 increased FO-wave implicit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020978 abnormal FO-wave implicit time increase in the time from the onset of light stimulus to the peak of the FO-wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020983 abnormal circulating factor XI level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of factor XI, also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent, one of the serine proteases of the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020984 decreased circulating factor XI level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020983 abnormal circulating factor XI level decrease in the concentration in the blood of factor XI, also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent, one of the serine proteases of the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020985 increased circulating factor XI level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020983 abnormal circulating factor XI level increase in the concentration in the blood of factor XI, also known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent, one of the serine proteases of the coagulation cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020986 abnormal circulating ceruloplasmin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012611 abnormal ceruloplasmin level any anomaly in the concentration in the blood of ceruloplasmin, a ferroxidase enzyme that contains copper atoms in its structure and is the major carrier of copper in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031212 decreased eye anterior chamber depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011960 abnormal eye anterior chamber depth reduced distance between the iris and the cornea at the center plane (maximum distance) of the eye anterior chamber compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031213 increased eye anterior chamber depth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011960 abnormal eye anterior chamber depth increased distance between the iris and the cornea at the center plane (maximum distance) of the eye anterior chamber compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031214 hypercoagulability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002551 abnormal blood coagulation a state or condition marked by an increased tendency to form blood clots within a blood vessel(s) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031215 abnormal response to myocardial ischemic injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000343 abnormal response to cardiac infarction altered response to lack of adequate blood flow, due to trauma or disease, to support the normal functioning of the myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031218 abnormal circulating CXCL10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031224 abnormal CXCL10 level deviation from the normal blood levels of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3; it is involved in a variety of processes including chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects, and plays an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to infected sites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031219 decreased circulating CXCL10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031225 decreased CXCL10 level reduction in the blood levels of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3; this chemokine is involved in a variety of processes including chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects, and plays an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to infected sites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031220 increased circulating CXCL10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031226 increased CXCL10 level elevation in the blood levels of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3; this chemokine is involved in a variety of processes including chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects, and plays an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to infected sites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031221 abnormal CXCL10 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008722 abnormal chemokine secretion anomaly in the production or cellular release of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031222 decreased CXCL10 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031221 abnormal CXCL10 secretion reduction in the production or cellular release of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031223 increased CXCL10 secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031221 abnormal CXCL10 secretion increase in the production or cellular release of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031224 abnormal CXCL10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008721 abnormal chemokine level deviation from the normal levels of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3; it is involved in a variety of processes including chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects, and plays an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to infected sites http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031225 decreased CXCL10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031224 abnormal CXCL10 level reduction in the amount of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031226 increased CXCL10 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031224 abnormal CXCL10 level increase in the amount of CXCL10 protein, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a wide range of cell types in response to interferon-gamma, and produces its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031227 abnormal angiotensin II level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003953 abnormal hormone level any anomaly in the concentration of angiotensin II, a vasoactive octapeptide produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme on angiotensin I; it acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031228 decreased angiotensin II level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031227 abnormal angiotensin II level reduced concentration of angiotensin II, a vasoactive octapeptide produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme on angiotensin I; it acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031229 increased angiotensin II level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031227 abnormal angiotensin II level increased concentration of angiotensin II, a vasoactive octapeptide produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme on angiotensin I; it acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031230 abnormal circulating angiotensin II level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031227 abnormal angiotensin II level aberrant concentration in the blood of angiotensin II, a vasoactive octapeptide produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme on angiotensin I; it acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031231 decreased circulating angiotensin II level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031230 abnormal circulating angiotensin II level reduced concentration in the blood of angiotensin II, a vasoactive octapeptide produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme on angiotensin I; it acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031232 increased circulating angiotensin II level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031230 abnormal circulating angiotensin II level increased concentration in the blood of angiotensin II, a vasoactive octapeptide produced by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme on angiotensin I; it acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031233 decreased circulating serum amyloid protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010214 abnormal circulating serum amyloid protein level reduced levels in the blood of an acute-phase reaction protein that is a precursor to amyloid A protein; it is present in very high levels during acute inflammatory episodes, and is present in low concentrations in normal sera, but is found at higher concentrations in sera of older persons and in patients with amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031234 increased circulating serum amyloid protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010214 abnormal circulating serum amyloid protein level elevated levels in the blood of an acute-phase reaction protein that is a precursor to amyloid A protein; it is present in very high levels during acute inflammatory episodes, and is present in low concentrations in normal sera, but is found at higher concentrations in sera of older persons and in patients with amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070015 pyramidal family morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070026 multipolar neuron morphology A cell morphology that inheres in neurons which have a pyramidal shaped soma, a single axon, a large apical dendrite and multiple basal dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017500 neutrophillic cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits a characteristic staining and color, pale-pink, with Wright-Giemsa stain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017502 acidophilic cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits a characteristic staining and color, red or pink, with Eosin stain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017503 basophilic cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits molecular interaction for basic dyes under specific pH conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017504 polychromatophilic cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005737 cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits affinity for both basic and acid stains under specific pH conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410077 airway submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036225 respiratory system gland A submucosal gland found in a respiratory tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039856 right ovarian vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001145 ovarian vein Ovarian vein, each instance of which is a tributary of some inferior vena cava that drains the right pampiniform plexus of some broad ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039857 left ovarian vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001145 ovarian vein Ovarian vein, each instance of which is a tributary of some left renal vein that drains the left pampiniform plexus of some broad ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021111 decreased social investigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001360 abnormal social investigation decrease in the tendency for animals to approach and examine conspecifics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021115 abnormal aggression towards conspecific http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002557 abnormal social/conspecific interaction behavior any anomaly in the level of domineering, assaultive posture and/or hostile physical action displayed toward another individual(s) of the same species http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021117 abnormal huddling behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002557 abnormal social/conspecific interaction behavior any anomaly in the tendency of a group of mammals to congregate together maintaining close body contact http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021136 abnormal vertebrae shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000137 abnormal vertebrae morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the vertebrae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031392 hypoactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003491 abnormal voluntary movement general reduction in the movement of the body or any of its parts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031394 abnormal bicarbonate level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031393 abnormal bicarbonate homeostasis any anomaly in the concentration of bicarbonate in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031433 decreased miscarriage rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004244 abnormal miscarriage rate decrease in the frequency of a natural or accidental termination of a pregnancy at a stage where the embryo or the fetus is incapable of surviving independently of the mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031434 increased miscarriage rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004244 abnormal miscarriage rate increase in the frequency of a natural or accidental termination of a pregnancy at a stage where the embryo or the fetus is incapable of surviving independently of the mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031435 abnormal copulatory plug biosynthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009697 abnormal copulation any anomaly in the reactions and pathways involved in the formation of a copulatory plug; typically, plugs are formed by coagulation of ejaculated proteins to form a solid mass within the female reproductive tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031436 decreased copulatory plug deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030982 abnormal copulatory plug deposition decrease in the number of copulatory plugs deposited in a study population of females by a male(s) at the termination of copulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031437 increased copulatory plug deposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030982 abnormal copulatory plug deposition increase in the number of copulatory plugs deposited in a study population of females by a male(s) at the termination of copulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030027 GABAergic amacrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011005 GABAergic interneuron An amacrine cell that uses GABA as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031459 maxillary zygomatic process hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030302 abnormal maxillary zygomatic process morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the maxillary zygomatic process, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031461 abnormal palatal shelf size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031460 abnormal palatal shelf morphology anomaly in the size of either one or both of the palatal shelves compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031462 decreased palatal shelf size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031461 abnormal palatal shelf size reduced size of either one or both of the palatal shelves compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031463 increased palatal shelf size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031461 abnormal palatal shelf size increased size of either one or both of the palatal shelves compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140962 multicellular organismal-level chemical homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048878 chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of a chemical within extracellular body fluids, such as blood, xylem or phloem, of a multicellular organism. This is distinct from maintenance of cellular homeostasis, which occurs within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033001 endothelial cell of arteriole of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000412 endothelial cell of arteriole A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) arteriole of lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031477 vein stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005412 vascular stenosis abnormal narrowing or constriction of one or more veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106049 regulation of cellular response to osmotic stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0080135 regulation of cellular response to stress Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cellular response to osmotic stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140115 export across plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The directed movement of some substance from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030488 abnormal tooth socket morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004189 abnormal alveolar process morphology any structural anomaly of any of the cavities or sockets in the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla, in which the roots of the teeth are held by fibers of the periodontal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030489 abnormal molar socket morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030488 abnormal tooth socket morphology any structural anomaly of any of the cavities or sockets in the alveolar process of the mandible or maxilla, in which the roots of molar teeth are held by fibers of the periodontal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030490 periodontal pocket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030131 abnormal periodontium morphology a pathologic deepening of the gingival sulcus as a result of apical migration of the junctional epithelium and the destruction of alveolar bone and periodontal ligament fiber bundles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030491 dental pulp stones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013250 abnormal dental pulp morphology nodular, calcified masses appearing in either or both the coronal and root portion of the pulp organ in teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030492 abnormal dentoalveolar joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030878 abnormal fibrous joint morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized peg-in-socket fibrous joint between the root of a tooth and the socket in the maxilla or mandible; this type of joint permits very limited or no movement under normal conditions and is functionally classified as a synarthrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030493 abnormal tooth root morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology any structural anomaly of the part of a tooth that is implanted in the gum; the root is located below the neck of the tooth, covered by cementum rather than enamel, and attached by the periodontal ligament to the alveolar bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030494 abnormal molar root morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030493 abnormal tooth root morphology any structural anomaly of the part of a molar tooth that is implanted in the gum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030495 absent tooth root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030493 abnormal tooth root morphology absence of or failure to develop the part of a tooth that is implanted in the gum; normally, the root is located below the neck of the tooth, covered by cementum rather than enamel, and attached by the periodontal ligament to the alveolar bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030496 taurodontia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013250 abnormal dental pulp morphology a developmental anomaly involving molar teeth, whereby the body of the tooth and pulp chamber is enlarged vertically at the expense of the roots and the root canal length; characteristic features include an enlarged pulp chamber, absence of the usual constriction at the cemento-enamel junction, and apical shift of the pulp chamber floor and furcation area down the root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030497 short tooth root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030493 abnormal tooth root morphology decreased length of the part of a tooth that is implanted in the gum; the root is located below the neck of the tooth, covered by cementum rather than enamel, and attached by the periodontal ligament to the alveolar bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062023 collagen-containing extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031012 extracellular matrix An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036285 wall of left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004784 heart ventricle wall Wall of ventricle which is continuous with the wall of aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036286 wall of right ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004784 heart ventricle wall Wall of ventricle which is continuous with the wall of pulmonary trunk. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036293 oral frenulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003729 mouth mucosa A small fold of mucous membrane in the mouth, connecting either the tongue or the lip to the mouth mucosa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036294 mucosa of lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003729 mouth mucosa A mucosa that is part of a lip region [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030701 decreased threonine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030699 abnormal threonine level reduction in the amount of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030899 laryngeal cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002249 abnormal larynx morphology presence of a gap in the posterior laryngotracheal wall with a continuity between the larynx and the esopahagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030957 abnormal myotube morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000729 abnormal myogenesis any structural anomaly of any of the multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030958 abnormal myotube differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030957 abnormal myotube morphology any anomaly in the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell; myotube differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step); then individual myotubes fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030959 abnormal myoblast fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030958 abnormal myotube differentiation any anomaly in the process in which non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers; a myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030960 abnormal diapedesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009858 abnormal cellular extravasation any anomaly in the passage of a leukocyte between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030961 abnormal outer hair cell kinocilium location or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011062 abnormal outer hair cell kinocilium morphology outer hair cell kinocilia are displaced from the normal position and/or do not orient in a typical pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030962 abnormal inner hair cell kinocilium location or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011061 abnormal inner hair cell kinocilium morphology inner hair cell kinocilia are displaced from the normal position and/or do not orient in a typical pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030963 abnormal brain ependyma motile cilium location or orientation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011056 abnormal brain ependyma motile cilium morphology brain ependyma motile cilia are displaced from the normal position and/or do not orient in a typical pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030964 decreased brain ependyma motile cilium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011056 abnormal brain ependyma motile cilium morphology reduced length of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain, which beat in concert to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030965 increased brain ependyma motile cilium length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011056 abnormal brain ependyma motile cilium morphology increased length of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain, which beat in concert to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150147 cell-cell junction disassembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045216 cell-cell junction organization The disaggregation of a cell-cell junction into its constituent components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062197 cellular response to chemical stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070887 cellular response to chemical stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145810 insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25905 peptide hormone A peptide hormone which consists of two polypeptide chains, A- and B- chains which are linked together by disulfide bonds. The amino acid sequence of insulin varies across species and certain segments of the molecule are highly conserved. In most species, the A chain consists of 21 amino acids and the B chain consists of 30 amino acids. In mammals, insulin is synthesised in the pancreas within the beta cells whereas in certain species of fish, the insulin-producing tissue is uniquely located in separate structures called Brockmann bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110166 DNA synthesis involved in mitochondrial DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0090592 DNA synthesis involved in DNA replication Any DNA biosynthetic process that is involved in mitochondrial DNA replication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120223 larynx morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009887 animal organ morphogenesis The process in which the larynx is generated and organized. The larynx is a continuation of the pharynx that is involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120224 larynx development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048513 animal organ development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a larynx from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the larynx and ends with the mature structure. A larynx is a continuation of the pharynx that is involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020906 abnormal acquisiton of operant behavior for a cocaine reinforcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration any anomaly in the expression of a behavior associated with obtaining cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020907 abnormal extinction of cocaine self-administration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration any anomaly in the reduction of cocaine seeking behavior in the absence of cocaine following acquisition of a learned response for cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020908 abnormal reinstatement of an extinguished operant behavior for a cocaine reinforcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration any anomaly in the restoration of extinguished cocaine seeking behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020909 abnormal cue-induced reinstatement of an extinguished operant behavior for a cocaine reinforcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration any anomaly in the restoration of extinguished cocaine seeking behavior in response to cocaine associated cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020910 abnormal stress-induced reinstatement of an extinguished operant behavior for a cocaine reinforcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration any anomaly in the restoration of extinguished cocaine seeking behavior in response to stress associated cues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020911 abnormal drug-induced reinstatement of an extinguished operant behavior for a drug reinforcer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration any anomaly in the restoration of extinguished cocaine seeking behavior in response to a drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an RNA virus or viroid or from components of or toxins produced by a an RNA virus or viroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020913 increased susceptibility to Riboviria infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an RNA virus or viroid or from components of or toxins produced by a an RNA virus or viroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020914 decreased susceptibility to Riboviria infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an RNA virus or viroid or from components of or toxins produced by a an RNA virus or viroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020915 abnormal susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a linear, double-stranded DNA virus contained within a T=16 icosahedral capsid surrounded by a proteinaceous matrix (tegument) and then by a lipid envelope containing membrane-associated proteins or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020916 increased susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020915 abnormal susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Herpesvirales virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Herpesvirales virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020917 decreased susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020915 abnormal susceptibility to Herpesvirales infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Herpesvirales virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Herpesvirales virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020918 abnormal susceptibility to Ortervirales infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a reverse-transcribing virus (defined by expression of a viral reverse transcriptases) or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020919 increased susceptibility to Ortervirales infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020918 abnormal susceptibility to Ortervirales infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an Ortervirales virus or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020920 decreased susceptibility to Ortervirales infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020918 abnormal susceptibility to Ortervirales infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an Ortervirales virus or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Order http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020921 abnormal susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a non-enveloped, T=1 icosahedral capsid, linear, single-stranded DNA virus or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020922 increased susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020921 abnormal susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Parvoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020923 decreased susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020921 abnormal susceptibility to Parvoviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Parvoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020924 abnormal susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020918 abnormal susceptibility to Ortervirales infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a reverse-transcribing virs with a spherical, occasionally pleomorphic shape, a 42-50 nm diameter, and no evident surface projections after negative staining virus or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020925 increased susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020924 abnormal susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Hepadnaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Hepadnaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020926 decreased susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020924 abnormal susceptibility to Hepadnaviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Hepadnaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Hepadnaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020927 abnormal susceptibility to Poxviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a single strand DNA virus that replicate entirely in the cytoplasm or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020928 increased susceptibility to Poxviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020927 abnormal susceptibility to Poxviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Poxviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Poxviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020929 decreased susceptibility to Poxviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020927 abnormal susceptibility to Poxviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Poxviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Poxviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020930 abnormal susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020185 abnormal susceptibility to viral infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a nonenveloped double stranded DNA virus of 70-90 nm in diameter, with an icosahedral capsid consisting of 240 nonvertex capsomers and 12 vertex capsomers virus or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020931 increased susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020930 abnormal susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an Adenoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Adenoviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020932 decreased susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020930 abnormal susceptibility to Adenoviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an Adenoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Adenoviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020933 abnormal susceptibility to Retroviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020918 abnormal susceptibility to Ortervirales infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with an enveloped (about 100 nm in diameter), icosahedral reverse-transcribing virus that possess an RNA of about 7-10 kb or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020934 increased susceptibility to Retroviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020933 abnormal susceptibility to Retroviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Retroviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Retroviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020935 decreased susceptibility to Retroviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020933 abnormal susceptibility to Retroviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Retroviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Retroviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020936 abnormal susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with one of the small, icosahedral viruses with a single-stranded, highly diverse positive-sense, non-segemented RNA genomes or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020937 increased susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020936 abnormal susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Picornaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Picornaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020938 decreased susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020936 abnormal susceptibility to Picornaviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Picornaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Picornaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020939 abnormal susceptibility to Togaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with one of the small, enveloped viruses with single-stranded, positive-sense, non-segmented RNA genomes of 10-12 kb or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020940 increased susceptibility to Togaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020939 abnormal susceptibility to Togaviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Togaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Togaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020941 decreased susceptibility to Togaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020939 abnormal susceptibility to Togaviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Togaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Togaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020942 abnormal susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with one of the small enveloped viruses with positive-sense, non-segmented RNA genomes of approximately 9.0-13 kb or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020943 increased susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020942 abnormal susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Flaviviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Flaviviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020944 decreased susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020942 abnormal susceptibility to Flaviviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Flaviviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Flaviviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020945 abnormal susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with one of the viruses whose genomes are composed of several (six to eight) segments of single-stranded RNA or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020946 increased susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020945 abnormal susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Orthomyxoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Orthomyxoviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020947 decreased susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020945 abnormal susceptibility to Orthomyxoviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Orthomyxoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Orthomyxoviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020948 abnormal susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with one of the enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a genome of up to 32kb in length or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020949 increased susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020948 abnormal susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Coronaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Coronaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020950 decreased susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020948 abnormal susceptibility to Coronaviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Coronaviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Coronaviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020951 abnormal susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020912 abnormal susceptibility to Riboviria infection any anomaly in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with one of the large enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses or from components of or toxins produced by a virus from this Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020952 increased susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020951 abnormal susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection increase in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Paramyxoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Paramyxoviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020953 decreased susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020951 abnormal susceptibility to Paramyxoviridae infection decrease in the likelihood that an organism will develop ill effects from infection with a Paramyxoviridae virus or from components of or toxins produced by a Paramyxoviridae virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000050025 angiotensinogenase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the mouse Ren1 or Ren2 genes, 1:1 orthologs thereof, or a semi-ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_149552 emetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug Any agent that induces nausea and vomiting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011019 mesothelial cell of epicardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002494 cardiocyte A mesothelial cell that is part of the epicardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011021 fibroblast of upper back skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011022 fibroblast of skin of back A fibroblast that is part of upper back skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011022 fibroblast of skin of back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast A fibroblast that is part of skin of back. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019001 tracheobronchial serous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Any serous secreting cell that is part of the tracheobronchial epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019002 tracheobronchial chondrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Any chondrocyte that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019003 tracheobronchial goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002370 respiratory goblet cell Any goblet cell that is part of the tracheobronchial epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000050219 alanine aminotransferase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human GPT or GPT2 genes, 1:1 orthologs thereof, or a semi-ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120252 hydrocarbon metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071704 organic substance metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120253 hydrocarbon catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120252 hydrocarbon metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031245 increased circulating CSF3 level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031243 abnormal circulating CSF3 level increase in the blood levels of CSF3, a cytokine glycoprotein produced by endothelium, macrophages and other immune cells that stimulates the bone marrow to produce granulocytes and stem cells and release them into the bloodstream; it also stimulates the survival, proliferation, differentiation, and function of neutrophil precursors and mature neutrophils via signal transduction pathways http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176783 vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50523 butenolide Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030000 choroidal melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000148 melanocyte A melanocyte located in the vascular uvea and involved in photoprotection, regulation of oxidative damage and immune responses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021166 delayed palatal shelf elevation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009885 abnormal palatal shelf elevation delay in the timing of the process in which the palatal shelves move from a vertical position in the orofacial cavity to a horizontal apposition above the developing tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021167 abnormal behavioral response to oxycodone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009748 abnormal behavioral response to addictive substance anomaly in the behavioral response induced by the semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021168 enhanced behavioral response to oxycodone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021167 abnormal behavioral response to oxycodone increased sensitivity to oxycodone resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or decreased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021169 impaired behavioral response to oxycodone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021167 abnormal behavioral response to oxycodone decreased sensitivity to oxycodone resulting in a behavioral response, such as induced hyperactivity or stereotypic behavior, or increased dosage threshold for the appearance of the behavioral response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021170 spinal stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004703 abnormal vertebral column morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the spaces within the vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0160038 somatic sensory system development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048880 sensory system development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a somatic sensory system over time from its formation to the mature structure. Somatic sensory system is the sensory system for the sense of touch and pain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0160048 craniofacial suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060349 bone morphogenesis The process of fusing together the edges of a craniofacial suture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033013 suprabasal keratinocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000312 keratinocyte A keratinocyte of the epidermis suprabasal layer. This cell may express the differentiation markers keratin 10 and keratin 1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014291 decreased autopod size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014290 abnormal autopod size reduced size of the distal elements of the limb of vertebrates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001066 erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000038 erythroid progenitor cell A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. This cell is ter119-positive but lacks expression of other hematopoietic lineage markers (lin-negative). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001070 beige adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000136 adipocyte An adipocyte that is beige in color, thermogenic, and which differentiates in white fat tissue from a Myf5-negative progenitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008017 adult skeletal muscle myoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000515 skeletal muscle myoblast A skeletal muscle myoblast that is part of a skeletal mucle. These cells are formed following acivation and division of skeletal muscle satellite cells. They form a transient population that is lost when they fuse to form skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008019 mesenchymal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000219 motile cell A non-polarised cell precursor cell that is part of some mesenchyme, is associated with the cell matrix but is not connected to other cells and is capable of migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008022 endocardial cushion cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A mesenchymal cell of the endocardial cushion. These cells develop via an epithelial to mesenchymal transition when endocardial cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly. Cells from this population form the heart septa and valves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008025 noradrenergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033050 catecholaminergic neuron A neuron that release noradrenaline (noriphinephrine) as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011007 paraxial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000222 mesodermal cell A cell in the area of mesoderm in the neurulating embryo that flanks and forms simultaneously with the neural tube. The cells of this region give rise to somites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011012 neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002321 embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell of the neural crest. Neural crest cells are multipotent. Premigratory neural crest cells are found at the neural plate boarder, some of which will undergo ectomesynchymal transition and delamination to form migratory neural crest cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000007 articular chondrocyte of knee joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001607 articular chondrocyte Chondrocyte forming the hyaline cartilage found in the knee joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000071 blood vessel endothelial cell Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000010 dermis blood vessel endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000011 dermis lymphatic vessel endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel that is part of a dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000012 fibroblast of pedal digit skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast Any skin fibroblast that is part of a pedal digit skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000013 fibroblast of skin of abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast Any skin fibroblast that is part of a skin of abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000014 fibroblast of upper leg skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast Any skin fibroblast that is part of a upper leg skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000015 fibroblast of arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast Any skin fibroblast that is part of a arm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000016 lung microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell Any lung endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000017 fibroblast of peridontal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Any fibroblast that is part of a periodontal ligament. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000018 endothelial cell of coronary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000413 endothelial cell of artery Any endothelial cell of artery that is part of a coronary artery. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000019 compound eye photoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000287 eye photoreceptor cell Any photoreceptor cell that is part of a compound eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000020 inner cell mass cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell Any native cell that is part of a inner cell mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000021 sebaceous gland cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any native cell that is part of a sebaceous gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000022 cardiac septum cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any native cell that is part of a cardiac septum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000023 spinal cord ventral column interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0005000 spinal cord interneuron Any interneuron that is part of a spinal cord ventral column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000024 spinal cord medial motor column neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron Any neuron that is part of a spinal cord medial motor column. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000025 spinal cord oligodendrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000128 oligodendrocyte Any oligodendrocyte that is part of a spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000027 cerebellum basket cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001611 cerebellar neuron Any basket cell that is part of a cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000028 cerebellum glutamatergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001611 cerebellar neuron Any glutamatergic neuron that is part of a cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron Any neuron that is part of a central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000030 hypothalamus cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Any native cell that is part of a hypothalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000031 lateral line ganglion neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron Any neuron that is part of a lateral line ganglion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000032 peripheral nervous system neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that is part of a peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000033 limb basal cell of epidermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002187 basal cell of epidermis Any basal cell of epidermis that is part of a limb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000040 bladder microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a urinary bladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000041 dermis microvascular lymphatic vessel endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000011 dermis lymphatic vessel endothelial cell Any dermis lymphatic vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000042 embryonic fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast Any fibroblast that is part of a embryo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000043 brain pericyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002575 central nervous system pericyte Any pericyte cell that is part of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000044 brain microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000045 foreskin melanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any melanocyte that is part of a prepuce of penis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000046 ventricular cardiac muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000746 cardiac muscle cell Any cardiac muscle cell that is part of a cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000047 brainstem motor neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron Any motor neuron that is part of a brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000049 primary motor cortex pyramidal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023111 cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron Any pyramidal cell that is part of a primary motor cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000051 splenic fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any fibroblast that is part of a spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000052 umbilical artery endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000413 endothelial cell of artery Any endothelial cell of artery that is part of a umbilical cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000053 splenic endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell Any endothelial cell that is part of a spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000055 liver dendritic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Any dendritic cell that is part of a liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000057 femural osteoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001035 bone cell Any osteoblast that is part of a femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000058 calvarial osteoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000062 osteoblast Any osteoblast that is part of a skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000059 prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000060 placental villous trophoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A trophoblast of placental villi. These cells fuse to form synctial trophoplast - the placental side of the interface between the placenta and maternal blood sinusoids in the decidua. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000061 placental amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any mesenchymal stem cell that is part of a placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000062 placental villus capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009092 endothelial cell of placenta Any capillary endothelial cell that is part of a placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000063 ovarian fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast Any fibroblast that is part of a female gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000064 ovarian surface epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell Any epithelial cell that is part of a female gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000065 ovarian microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a female urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000066 cardiac ventricle fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002548 fibroblast of cardiac tissue Any fibroblast that is part of a cardiac ventricle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000067 cardiac atrium fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002548 fibroblast of cardiac tissue Any fibroblast that is part of a cardiac atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000068 pericardium fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast Any fibroblast that is part of a pericardium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000069 gallbladder fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Any fibroblast that is part of a gallbladder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000070 optic choroid fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure Any fibroblast that is part of a optic choroid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000071 mammary microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000072 adipose microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000008 microvascular endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000073 migratory cardiac neural crest cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000333 migratory neural crest cell Any migratory neural crest cell that is part of a cardiac neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000074 splenocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any leukocyte that is part of a spleen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000075 anterior visceral endoderm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure Any endodermal cell that is part of a anterior visceral endoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000076 hindlimb stylopod vein endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002543 vein endothelial cell Any vein endothelial cell that is part of a hindlimb stylopod. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000078 placental pericyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any pericyte cell that is part of a placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000079 mesenchymal stem cell of femoral bone marrow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002540 mesenchymal stem cell of the bone marrow Any mesenchymal stem cell of the bone marrow that is part of a femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000080 mesenchymal stem cell of abdominal adipose tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002570 mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue Any mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue that is part of an abdomen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000081 melanocyte of skin of face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000458 melanocyte of skin Any melanocyte of skin that is part of a skin of face. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000082 melanocyte of foreskin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000045 foreskin melanocyte Any melanocyte of skin that is part of a skin of prepuce of penis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000083 hair follicle dermal papilla cell of scalp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000346 hair follicle dermal papilla cell Any hair follicle dermal papilla cell that is part of a scalp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000084 conjunctiva goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000432 conjunctival epithelial cell Any goblet cell that is part of a conjunctiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000085 mononuclear cell of umbilical cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Any mononuclear cell that is part of a umbilical cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000086 neocortex basket cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010011 cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron Any basket cell that is part of a neocortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000087 dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation basket cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023062 dentate gyrus neuron Any basket cell that is part of a dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000088 Ammon's horn basket cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001569 hippocampal interneuron Any basket cell that is part of a Ammon's horn. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000089 dentate gyrus granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023062 dentate gyrus neuron A granule cell that has soma location in the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampal formation and has an elliptical cell body and characteristic cone-shaped tree of spiny apical dendrites. The branches extend throughout the molecular layer and the distal tips of the dendritic tree end just at the hippocampal fissure or at the ventricular surface. The dentate gyrus granule cell is the principal cell type of the dentate gyrus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000090 dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation stellate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023062 dentate gyrus neuron Any stellate cell that is part of a dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000091 endometrial microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009095 endothelial cell of uterus Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a endometrial blood vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000092 hair follicular keratinocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002559 hair follicle cell Any keratinocyte that is part of a hair follicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000093 bronchus fibroblast of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002553 fibroblast of lung Any fibroblast of lung that is part of a bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000095 cord blood hematopoietic stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002352 gestational hematopoietic stem cell Any hematopoietic stem cell that is part of a umbilical cord blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000096 fibroblast of the reticular layer of dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002551 fibroblast of dermis Any fibroblast that is part of a reticular layer of dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000097 midbrain dopaminergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron Any dopaminergic neuron that is part of a midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034978 paraganglion (generic) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure A cluster of neuroendocrine cells derived from neural crest. Paraganglia may be chromaffin or nonchromaffin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034995 jaw mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme Mesenchyme that is part of a developing jaw [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035034 eyelid epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015808 eye epithelium An epithelium that is part of an eyelid [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035049 excretory duct of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035050 excretory duct Any of the interlobular excretory ducts of a salivary gland which are found in the connective tissue septa and formed by the union of several intralobular striated (secretory) ducts[MP,generalized]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035073 duct of eccrine sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A duct made up of simple tubular epithelium that is part of an eccrine sweat gland. The main function of the duct of the eccrine sweat gland is the reabsorption of Na and Cl ions as sweat flows through the duct. It has two cell layers: basal and luminal. It is continuous with the secretory coil and goes towards the skin surface. The distal segment of the duct is relatively straight and connects with the acrosyringium in the epidermis. Most of the ion reabsorption occurs in the proximal part of the duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035267 neck of gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure The narrowest portion of the gallbladder and distal to the cystic duct. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035316 prostatic capsule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure The membrane the surrounds the prostate gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035553 left cardiac chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Any chamber of the left side of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035554 right cardiac chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Any chamber of the right side of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035639 ocular adnexa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure The parts of the orbital region that are outside of the the eyeball, including the lacrimal apparatus, the extraocular muscles and the eyelids, eyelashes, eyebrows and the conjunctiva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035804 future mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube The primordial mouth region of the developing head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035805 muscle layer of sigmoid colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012489 muscle layer of colon A muscle layer that is part of the sigmoid colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035820 peritoneal sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005906 serous sac A serous sac that is the aggregate of the peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity, located in the abdominal cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905952 regulation of lipid localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032879 regulation of localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905953 negative regulation of lipid localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905952 regulation of lipid localization Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905954 positive regulation of lipid localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905952 regulation of lipid localization Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905957 regulation of cellular response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901419 regulation of response to alcohol Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905958 negative regulation of cellular response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905957 regulation of cellular response to alcohol Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905959 positive regulation of cellular response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1905957 regulation of cellular response to alcohol Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140053 mitochondrial gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010467 gene expression The process in which a mitochondrial gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106027 neuron projection organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120036 plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a neuron, e.g. an axon, or a dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110021 cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051450 myoblast proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cardiac muscle myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a cardiac muscle myoblast cell population. A cardiac myoblast is a precursor cell that has been committed to a cardiac muscle cell fate but retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110022 regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_2000291 regulation of myoblast proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110023 negative regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110022 regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110024 positive regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110022 regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036224 corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract The corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts combined. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036225 respiratory system gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002530 gland Any gland that is part os the respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099160 postsynaptic intermediate filament cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099571 postsynaptic cytoskeleton The intermediate filament cytoskeleton that is part of a postsynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020445 abnormal NAD(P)H oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005584 abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity any anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020446 increased NAD(P)H oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020445 abnormal NAD(P)H oxidase activity greater ability to catalyze the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020447 decreased NAD(P)H oxidase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020445 abnormal NAD(P)H oxidase activity reduced ability to catalyze the reaction: NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020448 increased microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010762 abnormal microglial cell activation increase in the change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, during the maturation to the fully active phagocytic form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020449 decreased microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010762 abnormal microglial cell activation decrease in the change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, during the maturation to the fully active phagocytic form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020450 abnormal sperm progressive motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002674 abnormal sperm motility any anomaly in the ability of sperm to move in a more or less straight line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020451 decreased sperm progressive motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020450 abnormal sperm progressive motility decrease in the ability of sperm to move in a more or less straight line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020452 abnormal axon radial sorting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003861 abnormal nervous system development any anomaly in the process by which immature Schwann cells surround axons of mixed caliber and send cytoplasmic processes that resemble lamellipodia between axons, to progressively choose and segregate the larger axons at the periphery of the bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020453 abnormal erythrocyte aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003656 abnormal erythrocyte physiology any anomaly in the ability of an erythrocyte to adhere to one or more other erythrocytes via adhesion molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020454 decreased erythrocyte aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020453 abnormal erythrocyte aggregation decrease in the ability of an erythrocyte to adhere to one or more other erythrocytes via adhesion molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020455 increased erythrocyte aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020453 abnormal erythrocyte aggregation increase in the ability of an erythrocyte to adhere to one or more other erythrocytes via adhesion molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030034 depressed nasal bridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030033 abnormal nasal bridge morphology posterior positioning of the saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose in relation to the overall facial profile for age; normally, it lies between the glabella and the inferior boundary of the nasal bone, and extends laterally to the inner canthi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030035 small nasal bridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030033 abnormal nasal bridge morphology reduced size of the saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose; it lies between the glabella and the inferior boundary of the nasal bone, and extends laterally to the inner canthi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030036 short nasal bridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030035 small nasal bridge reduced length of the saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose; it lies between the glabella and the inferior boundary of the nasal bone, and extends laterally to the inner canthi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030037 prominent nasal bridge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030033 abnormal nasal bridge morphology anterior positioning of the saddle-shaped area that includes the nasal root and the lateral aspects of the nose in comparison to the usual positioning for age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of any of the striated skeletal muscles innervated by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) that, among other things, control facial expression; facial muscles are derived from the second branchial/pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030040 absent facial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology absence of any of the striated skeletal muscles innervated by the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) that, among other things, control facial expression; facial muscles are derived from the second branchial/pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030041 abnormal forehead size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030031 abnormal forehead morphology deviation from the average range of forehead size for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030042 large forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030041 abnormal forehead size presence of an abnormally large forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030043 small forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030041 abnormal forehead size presence of an abnormally small forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030044 short forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030043 small forehead an abnormally decreased height of the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030045 abnormal forehead shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030031 abnormal forehead morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030046 round forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030045 abnormal forehead shape forehead appearance is more circular than usual as viewed from the front http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030047 flat forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030045 abnormal forehead shape abnormal flatness of the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030048 sloping forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030045 abnormal forehead shape apparently excessive posterior sloping of the forehead in a lateral view http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030049 prominent forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030045 abnormal forehead shape forward prominence of the entire forehead, due to protrusion of the frontal bone; not to be confused with frontal bossing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030050 large mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000458 abnormal mandible morphology increased size of the lower bony framework of the mouth where the inferior teeth are held http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030052 abnormal forehead pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030534 abnormal forehead skin morphology anomaly in the coloration of the skin of the forehead due to changes in the amount, shape, or distribution of cells producing pigment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030053 increased forehead pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030052 abnormal forehead pigmentation visually detectable excess of pigment present in the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030054 decreased forehead pigmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030052 abnormal forehead pigmentation visually detectable dilution of pigment present in the forehead http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030055 small lacrimal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005271 abnormal lacrimal bone morphology reduced size of the thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030056 lacrimal bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030055 small lacrimal bone decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the lacrimal bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030057 absent lacrimal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030385 absent facial bone absence of the thin plate that forms part of the medial wall of the orbit behind the frontal process of the maxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030058 erythrodontia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013129 abnormal tooth color reddish, brown opalescent discoloration of teeth in normal light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030059 absent ethmoturbinates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008971 abnormal ethmoturbinate morphology absence of the conchae of the ethmoid bone which normally occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030060 absent nasal pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006306 abnormal nasal pit morphology absence of one or both of a pair of depressions formed in the developing face that give rise to the rostral portion of the nasal meatus; the nasal pits indent the frontonasal process and divide it into a medial and two lateral nasal processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030061 absent otic pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011172 abnormal otic pit morphology absence of the paired depression of thickened otic placode epithelium marking the location of the future otic vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030062 choanal stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002236 abnormal internal nares morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of either of the pair of posterior apertures of the nasal cavity that open into the nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036245 parenchyma of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Parenchymal tissue that consists of the alveoli, grape-like clusters where milk is stored, and branching ducts, which are tubular canals carrying gladular secretions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036246 incudostapedial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036248 joint of auditory ossicle The small synovial joint connecting the inclus and the stapes, located between the lenticular process on the long crus of the incus and the head of the stapes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036247 incudomallear joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036248 joint of auditory ossicle The saddle-shaped synovial joint connecting the incus and the malleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036248 joint of auditory ossicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002217 synovial joint Any synovial joint that connects auditory ossicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030277 thin interparietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030279 thin neurocranium reduced thickness of the bone of the cranium that lies above and anterior to the occipital bone in some mammals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030280 short parietal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004418 small parietal bone length reduction of the paired membranous bones located between the frontal and occipital bones that are large, curved and quadrilateral in outline, articulate with each other at the midline in the sagittal suture, and form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030282 broad supraoccipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000078 abnormal supraoccipital bone morphology increased width of the bone on the dorsal side of the great foramen of the skull, which usually forms a part of the occipital in the adult, but is distinct in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030283 small mandibular coronoid process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004594 abnormal mandibular coronoid process morphology reduced size of the thin, flattened, triangular eminence that arises from the upper surface of the mandibular ramus (perpendicular portion) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030285 mandibular coronoid process hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030283 small mandibular coronoid process decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the mandibular coronoid process, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120111 neuron projection cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032838 plasma membrane bounded cell projection cytoplasm All of the contents of a plasma membrane bounded neuron projection, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the projection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030410 middle ear effusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021205 effusion fluid accumulation in the middle ear cavity due to dysfunction of the Eustachian tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030411 decreased round window size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004480 abnormal round window morphology less than average size of the opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; it serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030412 absent round window http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004480 abnormal round window morphology absence of the opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane; it serves to regulate fluid pressure in the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030413 tympanic membrane retraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006018 abnormal tympanic membrane morphology a condition in which a segment of the tympanic membrane (eardrum) collapses inwards towards the middle ear space and lies more medially (deeper) than its normal position; the retracted segment is often known as a retraction pocket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030414 tympanic membrane perforation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006018 abnormal tympanic membrane morphology presence of a hole or tear in the tympanic membrane (eardrum) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030415 premature intermaxillary suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030390 premature facial suture closure early closure of the anterior median suture between the two maxillae of the upper jawbone, located between the inferior border of the nasal aperture and the central incisor teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030416 absent temporal bone zygomatic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030261 abnormal temporal bone zygomatic process morphology missing the long, arched process that projects from the lower region of the squamous part of the temporal bone and articulates with the zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030417 craniofacial hyperostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030222 hyperostosis excessive growth of the craniofacial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030418 facial hyperostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030417 craniofacial hyperostosis excessive growth of the facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030419 excessive cerumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006033 abnormal external auditory canal morphology excess buildup of cerumen, a yellowish waxy substance (earwax), in the external auditory canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030420 short basicranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010029 abnormal basicranium morphology decreased length of the anterior and/or posterior portions of the skull base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030421 tongue muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009460 skeletal muscle hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the tongue muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030422 abnormal outer ear cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006430 abnormal elastic cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the elastic cartilage components of the auricles and/or external acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030423 abnormal pinna cartilage morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030422 abnormal outer ear cartilage morphology any structural anomaly of the elastic cartilage component of the auricles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030424 premature palatomaxillary suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030390 premature facial suture closure early closure of the transverse suture across the back of the hard palate that separates the maxillary shelf of the palate from the horizontal plates of the palatine bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030425 wide intermaxillary suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030194 abnormal intermaxillary suture morphology an abnormally increased width of the anterior median suture between the two maxillae of the upper jawbone for age-related norms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030426 facial muscle hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the facial muscle, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030428 abnormal scalene muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030427 abnormal neck muscle morphology any structural anomaly of any of the three pairs of muscles in the lateral neck, namely the scalenus anterior, scalenus medius, and scalenus posterior; the scalenes are innervated by the cervical spinal nerves C4-C8, act as accessory muscles of respiration, and perform flexion at the neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030429 abnormal levator nasolabialis muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030039 abnormal facial muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the flat, thin muscle lying beneath the skin on the lateral surface of the maxillary bone; it arises from the maxillary bone, over the dorsum of the nose, and runs cranioventrally to insert partly on the wing of the nostril and partly into the lateral part of the upper lip; it acts to dilate the nostrils and elevate and retract the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030430 absent levator nasolabialis muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030429 abnormal levator nasolabialis muscle morphology missing the flat, thin muscle that lies beneath the skin on the lateral surface of the maxillary bone; it arises from the maxillary bone, over the dorsum of the nose, and runs cranioventrally to insert partly on the wing of the nostril and partly into the lateral part of the upper lip; it acts to dilate the nostrils and elevate and retract the upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030431 wide metopic suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030029 wide cranial sutures an abnormally increased width of the metopic suture for age-related norms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030432 large cranial foramen ovale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030272 abnormal cranial foramen ovale morphology increased size of the oval-shaped opening in the middle cranial fossa located at the posterior base of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, lateral to the lingula of the mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030433 large foramen rotundum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030271 abnormal foramen rotundum morphology increased size of the circular hole (foramen) in the sphenoid bone that connects the middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030434 premature maxillary-premaxillary suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030390 premature facial suture closure early closure of the maxillary-premaxillary suture, the line of union of the two portions of the maxilla (pre- and postmaxilla) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030436 premature frontonasal suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030435 premature craniofacial suture closure early closure of the joint (suture) between the frontal bone and the two nasal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030437 abnormal osteoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005006 abnormal osteoblast physiology anomaly in the ability of osteoblasts to undergo expansion by cell division; osteoblasts are skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030438 increased osteoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030437 abnormal osteoblast proliferation increase in the expansion rate of osteoblasts by cell division; osteoblasts are skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030439 decreased osteoblast proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030437 abnormal osteoblast proliferation reduction in the expansion rate of osteoblasts by cell division; osteoblasts are skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030440 abnormal osteoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005006 abnormal osteoblast physiology change in the timing or the number of osteoblasts undergoing programmed cell death; osteoblasts are skeletogenic cells that secrete osteoid, are capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, are located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arise from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030441 increased osteoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030440 abnormal osteoblast apoptosis increase in the number of osteoblasts undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030442 decreased osteoblast apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030440 abnormal osteoblast apoptosis reduction in the number of osteoblasts undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030443 abnormal cranial synchondrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030467 abnormal cranial cartilage development any anomaly in the development of cartilaginous joints or growth centers between bones of the skull base by the formation of hyaline cartilage which is abundant during the growth phase and ultimately ossifies during skeletal maturation; synchondroses are composed of mirror-image growth plates with a central resting zone, proliferative zones, and hypertrophic zones on both sides; in mouse, there are two synchondroses in the midline cranial base, the sphenooccipital and presphenoidal synchondroses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030444 premature cranial synchondrosis closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030443 abnormal cranial synchondrosis early fusion or ossification of one or more cranial base synchondroses relative to age- and gender-matched controls; can lead to midface hypoplasia, as seen in patients with specific forms of syndromic craniosynostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030445 abnormal sphenooccipital synchondrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030443 abnormal cranial synchondrosis any anomaly in the development of the cartilaginous joint (growth center) between the basioccipital and basisphenoid bones that is an important driver of facial and cranial base growth; sphenooccipital synchondroses are among the last to fuse and may remain patent until early adulthood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030446 premature sphenooccipital synchondrosis closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030445 abnormal sphenooccipital synchondrosis early closure or ossification of the sphenooccipital synchondrosis relative to age- and gender-matched controls; premature fusion has been associated with midface hypoplasia in animal models and patients with specific forms of syndromic craniosynostosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030447 abnormal presphenoid synchondrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030443 abnormal cranial synchondrosis any anomaly in the development of the cartilaginous joint (growth center) between the presphenoid and basisphenoid bones of the skull base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030448 premature presphenoid synchondrosis closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030447 abnormal presphenoid synchondrosis early closure or ossification of the presphenoid synchondrosis relative to age- and gender-matched controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030449 tooth ankylosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003933 abnormal cementum morphology solid fixation of a tooth resulting from fusion of the dental cementum and alveolar bone, with obliteration of the periodontal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030450 abnormal enamel mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030544 abnormal enamel development anomaly in the process by which calcium salts, mainly carbonated hydroxyapatite, are deposited into the dental enamel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030451 abnormal dentin mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030542 abnormal dentin development anomaly in the process by which calcium salts are deposited into dentin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030452 abnormal cementum mineralization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030547 abnormal cementum development anomaly in the process by which calcium salts, mainly carbonated hydroxyapatite, are deposited into the initial acellular cementum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030453 abnormal odontoblast morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013250 abnormal dental pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the skeletogenic cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp that secretes dentin matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030454 abnormal odontoblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030453 abnormal odontoblast morphology deviation from the normal number of skeletogenic cells on the outer surface of the dental pulp that secrete dentin matrix, are derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develop from preodontoblast cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030455 increased odontoblast number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030454 abnormal odontoblast number greater than normal number of the skeletogenic cells on the outer surface of the dental pulp that secrete dentin matrix, are derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develop from preodontoblast cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030456 abnormal odontoblast differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030453 abnormal odontoblast morphology anomaly in the process by which a relatively unspecialized cell of neural crest origin acquires the specialized features of an odontoblast, a skeletogenic cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp that secretes dentin matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030457 abnormal molar cusp morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003932 abnormal molar crown morphology any structural anomaly of an elevation or mound on the crown of a molar tooth making up a part of the occlusal (masticatory) surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030458 abnormal tooth wear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003930 abnormal tooth hard tissue morphology change in the progression or severity of loss of tooth substance, usually resulting from abrasion, attrition and erosion acting singly or concurrently; tooth wear is a normal, age-dependent physiological process that leads to surface loss of dental hard tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030459 abnormal tooth attrition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030458 abnormal tooth wear change in the physiologic wearing away of tooth structure as a result of abnormal tooth-to-tooth contact, as in mastication, occurring only on the occlusal, incisal, and proximal surfaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030510 abnormal tooth placode morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000116 abnormal tooth development any structural anomaly of the local thickening that is formed within the primary dental lamina and grows into a solid epithelial tooth bud that invades the underlying mesenchyme; the placodes consist of thickened epithelium and underlying neural crest derived mesenchyme, and they function as the first signaling centers of the tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061971 replacement bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060349 bone morphogenesis The process in which bones are generated and organized as a result of the conversion of another structural tissue into bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061972 dermal bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061973 membrane bone morphogenesis The process in which bone which forms superficially in the organism are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061973 membrane bone morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060349 bone morphogenesis The process in which bone which forms deep in the organism are generated and organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030564 thick myocardium compact layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004056 abnormal myocardium compact layer morphology increased thickness of the outer, dense layer of the myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030565 decreased circulating ammonia level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005308 abnormal circulating ammonia level reduced concentration of ammonia or its compounds in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020863 abnormal suckling reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex any anomaly in the ability to orient and open/close mouth in sucking pattern in response to external light touching or stroking of the chin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030584 skin atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002060 abnormal skin morphology acquired diminution of skin tissue associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030609 decreased incisor number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030608 decreased tooth number reduction in the number of the long teeth, normally consisting of two pairs, top and bottom, that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002932 abnormal joint morphology any structural anomaly of any joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by an articular capsule which encloses a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity (e.g. temporomandibular joint, knee joint) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030877 abnormal symphysis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030878 abnormal fibrous joint morphology any structural anomaly of any cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage; a symphysis is a slightly movable joint (amphiarthrosis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020749 abnormal cingulate cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004169 abnormal fornicate gyrus morphology any structural anomaly of the thick belt of cortex encircling the corpus callosum that responsible for producing emotional responses to physical sensations of pain and for cognitive control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020811 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology deviation from the average range of photoreceptor outer segment size for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020815 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003729 abnormal photoreceptor outer segment morphology deviation from the normal number of the photoreceptor outer segments http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020851 abnormal vacuole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology any structural anomaly in the closed structures, found only in eukaryotic cells, that are completely surrounded by unit membrane and contain liquid material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020852 abnormal olfactory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014114 abnormal cognition any anomaly in the actions, reactions, or performance of an organism in response to an odor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030566 abnormal A band morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004090 abnormal sarcomere morphology any structural anomaly of the dark-staining region of a sarcomere that is situated between two I bands and marked by partial overlapping of thin (actin) and thick (myosin) filaments; an A band is anisotropic to polarized light and contains the entire length of a single thick filament; its center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030567 abnormal I band morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004090 abnormal sarcomere morphology any structural anomaly of the light band on each side of the Z disc (aka Z line), comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; the I band is isotropic to polarized light and contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030604 abnormal ammonia homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis anomaly in the processes involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of ammonia in the fluids and tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030608 decreased tooth number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030611 abnormal tooth number reduction in the number of the bony structures of the upper and lower jaws used in mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030611 abnormal tooth number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology anomaly in the number of the bony structures of the upper and lower jaws used in mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030613 dicarboxylic aciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030612 organic aciduria an increased concentration of dicarboxylic acid in the urine, occurring during increased mobilization or inhibited beta-oxidation of fatty acids, where a number of 3-hydroxydicarboxylic acids are excreted in urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030802 abnormal tendon physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology any functional anomaly of the fibrous bands or cords of connective tissue at the ends of muscle fibers that attach muscles to bones and other structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030823 increased femur size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology greater than average size of the long bone of the thigh (femur) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030825 decreased femur size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000559 abnormal femur morphology less than average size of the long bone of the thigh (femur) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030881 abnormal knee morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000556 abnormal hindlimb morphology any structural anomaly of the segment of the hindlimb that corresponds to the joint connecting a hindlimb stylopod and zeugopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030885 increased radius size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000552 abnormal radius morphology greater than average size of the short bone of the lateral forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030886 decreased radius size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000552 abnormal radius morphology less than average size of the short bone of the lateral forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030900 decreased ulna size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology less than average size of the medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030901 increased ulna size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005108 abnormal ulna morphology greater than average size of the medial and larger of the two bones of the forearm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020905 abnormal cocaine self-administration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002556 abnormal cocaine consumption any anomaly in the volitional intake of cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031051 lymph node hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003762 abnormal immune organ physiology bleeding into one or more lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031052 lymph node necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002339 abnormal lymph node morphology morphological changes resulting from pathological death of some or all lymph node tissue; usually due to irreversible damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031053 pleuritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the invaginated serous membrane that surrounds the lungs (visceral portion) and lines the walls of the pleural cavity (parietal portion) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031054 bronchiolitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001861 lung inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the noncartilaginous conducting airways of the lungs found terminal to the bronchi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031055 bronchitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002405 respiratory system inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the bronchial tubes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031056 bitter preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001432 abnormal food preference subjects demonstrate predilection for bitter tasting substances over other offered substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031057 low bitter preference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001432 abnormal food preference subjects demonstrate a low predilection for bitter tasting substances over other offered substances http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_157668 carbocyclic fatty acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28868 fatty acid anion Any fatty acid anion containing a ring composed of carbon atoms. Major microspecies at pH 7.3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140513 nuclear protein-containing complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together in the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140534 endoplasmic reticulum protein-containing complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A protein complex that is part of an endoplasmic reticulum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140546 defense response to symbiont http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098542 defense response to other organism Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a symbiont that act to protect or prevent damage to the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009021 stromal cell of lamina propria of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009022 stromal cell of lamina propria of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009024 mesothelial cell of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A mesothelial cell that is part of the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009025 mesothelial cell of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A mesothelial cell that is part of the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023069 medial ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023063 medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron A GABAergic cortical interneuron that develops from the medial ganglionic eminence and has migrated to the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0017508 cartwheel heterochromatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000792 heterochromatin Heterochromatin that is arranged in a carthwheel pattern. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_189840 dicarboxylic fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35692 dicarboxylic acid Any fatty acid containing two carboxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_189832 hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_194321 hydroperoxy unsaturated fatty acid Any polyunsaturated fatty acid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009100 hepatic portal fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A fibroblast located in the portal triad. Hepatic portal fibroblast are a non-parenchymal cell population located adjacent to bile duct epithelia in liver and are distinct from stellate cells. They differentiate into fibrogenic myofibroblasts during chronic injury states producing high levels of collagen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410081 blood microvessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010523 microcirculatory vessel Any of the smallest blood vessels where blood circulates within organ tissues. Microvessels include terminal arterioles, metarterioles, capillaries, and venules (but exclude lymphatic capillaries). Arterioles carry oxygenated blood to the capillaries, and blood flows out of the capillaries through venules into veins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120331 endothelial tube formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0072175 epithelial tube formation The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an endothelial tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023168 somatosensory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that is part of the somatic sensory system. Somatosensory neurons innervate the skin or integument to detect different types of thermal, chemical, and mechanical touch stimuli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023079 midbrain-derived inhibitory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure A GABAergic inhibitory neuron that is derived from the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033061 endothelial cell of central vein of liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure An endothelial cell that is part of a central vein of liver. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170033 L-amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901605 alpha-amino acid metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving an L-amino acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0170041 non-proteinogenic amino acid metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901564 organonitrogen compound metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving non-proteingenic amino acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_249 glioma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_565 tumors of neurepithelial tissue Neoplasm derived from astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. (M-9380/3, M-9440/3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120035 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120033 negative regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120034 positive regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120032 regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061868 hepatic stellate cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010761 fibroblast migration The orderly movement of a hepatic stellate cell from one site to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061869 regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010762 regulation of fibroblast migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061870 positive regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061869 regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061871 negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061869 regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_137982 tertiary ammonium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25697 organic cation An organic cation obtained by protonation of the amino group of any tertiary amino compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_137983 methylated tertiary amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35267 quaternary ammonium ion A quaternary ammonium ion obtained by methylation of any tertiary amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030131 abnormal periodontium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology any structural anomaly of the specialized tissues that both surround and support the teeth, maintaining them in the maxillary and mandibular bones; it consists of four principal components: the gums (gingiva), periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone proper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030275 thin frontal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030279 thin neurocranium reduced thickness of the single bone forming the forehead and roof of the eye orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity Any main group molecular entity that is gaseous at standard temperature and pressure (STP; 0degreeC and 100 kPa). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140131 positive regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1901623 regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte chemotaxis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030375 short zygomatic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004469 abnormal zygomatic arch morphology decreased length of the bony arch that, in vertebrates, extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030376 thick zygomatic arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030278 thick neurocranium increased thickness of the bony arch that, in vertebrates, extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030377 zygomatic arch hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the zygomatic arch, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030378 abnormal frontal bone nasal part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the smallest part of the frontal bone which is connected to the frontal processes of the maxilla and the nasal bones, forming the stem (root) of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030379 abnormal frontal bone squamous part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the vertical and largest, flat part of the frontal bone which forms the forehead and comprises the frontal sinuses; this part contains the supraorbital notch, the superciliary arches, the glabella, and the zygomatic processes which arise caudolaterally from the squamous part and articulate with the zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030380 abnormal frontal bone zygomatic process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the inferior extension of the squamous part of the frontal bone that joins with the frontal process of the zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030381 abnormal frontal bone orbital part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000107 abnormal frontal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the horizontal part of the frontal bone composed of two thin triangular plates, the orbital plates, which form the vaults of the orbits and the ethmoidal sinuses, and are separated from one another by a median gap, the ethmoidal notch; this part also comprises the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030382 absent paranasal sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002240 abnormal paranasal sinus morphology missing one or more of the paired air-filled cavities surrounded by the bones of the face that are lined by mucous membranes and are continuous with the nasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030387 large posterior fontanelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030364 abnormal posterior fontanelle morphology an abnormally increased size of the triangle-shaped membranous interval between the pair of parietal bones and the occipital bone for age-related norms; the posterior fontanelle is located at the lambda, at the junction between the sagittal suture and the lambdoid suture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030389 small fontanelles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000084 abnormal fontanelle morphology an abnormally decreased size of one or more fontanelles for age-related norms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030390 premature facial suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030435 premature craniofacial suture closure early closure of one or more of the joints (sutures) between facial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030391 premature zygomaticomaxillary suture closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030390 premature facial suture closure early closure of the suture between the zygomatic process of the maxilla and the maxillary margin of the zygomatic bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030392 premature fontanelle closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003418 premature intramembranous bone ossification early closure of one or more of the membranous intervals at the margins of cranial bones; premature fontanelle closure can result from microcephaly, premature closure of the cranial sutures, or hyperthyroidism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030393 delayed fontanelle closure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003420 delayed intramembranous bone ossification late onset of closure of one or more of the membranous intervals at the margins of cranial bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030394 abnormal incus short process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005106 abnormal incus morphology any structural anomaly of the short limb (crus) of the incus that fits into a depression (fossa incudis) in the epitympanic recess; it is attached to the cavity wall by the posterior incudal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030395 absent incus short process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030394 abnormal incus short process morphology missing the short limb (crus) of the incus that, normally, fits into a depression (fossa incudis) in the epitympanic recess http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030396 abnormal incus long process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005106 abnormal incus morphology any structural anomaly of the long limb (crus) of the incus; at the tip of the long crus there is a small knob, the lenticular process, that articulates with the head of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030397 abnormal incus lenticular process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005106 abnormal incus morphology any structural anomaly of the ovoid end of the incus that articulates with the head of the stapes; it is attached to the long process by a thin strut or pedicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030398 absent incus lenticular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030397 abnormal incus lenticular process morphology missing the ovoid end of the incus that articulates with the head of the stapes; normally, it is attached to the long process by a thin strut or pedicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030399 abnormal incus body morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005106 abnormal incus morphology any structural anomaly of the flat, main part of the incus that articulates with the head of the malleus; two spines, the short and long processes, arise from the lower posterior part of the body and diverge from each other in a right angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030400 abnormal stapes annular ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the ring of fibrous tissue that connects the base of the stapes to the oval window (aka fenestra vestibuli) of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030401 absent stapes annular ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030400 abnormal stapes annular ligament morphology missing the ring of fibrous tissue that connects the base of the stapes to the oval window (aka fenestra vestibuli) of the inner ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030402 abnormal stapes head morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005107 abnormal stapes morphology any structural anomaly of the concave portion of the stapes, located on top of the neck, which articulates with the lenticular process of the long limb of the incus through the incudostapedial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030403 absent stapes head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030402 abnormal stapes head morphology missing the concave portion of the stapes, located on top of the neck, which articulates with the lenticular process of the long limb of the incus through the incudostapedial joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030404 abnormal stapes obturator foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005107 abnormal stapes morphology any structural anomaly of the central foramen (hole) located between the crura and the footplate of the stapes through which the stapedial artery passes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030405 small stapes obturator foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030404 abnormal stapes obturator foramen morphology reduced size of the central foramen (hole) located between the crura and the footplate of the stapes through which the stapedial artery passes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030406 absent stapes obturator foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030404 abnormal stapes obturator foramen morphology missing the central foramen (hole) located between the crura and the footplate of the stapes through which the stapedial artery passes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030407 abnormal stapes crus morpholgy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005107 abnormal stapes morphology any structural anomaly of either of the two (anterior and posterior) limbs of the stapes that pass from the head to the base or footplate; in mice, the anterior crus is curved and the posterior crus is more straight whereas in humans, the anterior crus is more straight than the posterior crus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030408 abnormal stapes posterior crus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030407 abnormal stapes crus morpholgy any structural anomaly of the generally longer arching stem of the stapes that projects medially from the neck, forming the posterior border of the bone, and joins the flat, disc-like base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030409 abnormal stapes anterior crus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030407 abnormal stapes crus morpholgy any structural anomaly of the generally shorter stem of the stapes that projects medially from the neck, forming the anterior border of the bone, and joins the flat, disc-like base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030535 abnormal hypoglossal cord morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000729 abnormal myogenesis any structural anomaly of the condensed mesenchymal band formed as migratory myoblasts arising from the myotomes of the occipital somites coalesce beside somite four and extend ventrally as an elongated column; the hypoglossal cord eventually becomes located ventral to the caudal region of the pharynx; most of the myoblasts of the hypoglossal cord remain ventral and shift cranially to form the intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles; some of these myoblasts shift dorsally to form the intrinsic laryngeal muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030536 abnormal diastema morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030254 abnormal dental arch morphology any anomaly of the space or gap between two adjacent teeth in the same dental arch; in rodents, the diastema is the toothless (edentulous) region that normally separates a continuously growing single incisor from a segment of three molars in each quadrant of the adult jaw; although tooth primordia develop in the rodent embryonic diastema, they undergo apoptosis and regress to ensure that this region remains tooth-free http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030537 abnormal notochordal process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012271 abnormal chordamesoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the midline cellular cord formed from the migration of mesenchymal cells from the primitive knot; the notochordal process is a mesodermal hollow tube structure that grows cranially between the ectoderm and the endoderm until it reaches the prechordal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030538 abnormal notochordal plate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030537 abnormal notochordal process morphology any structural anomaly of the dorsal part of the notochordal process when the ventral portion breaks down; it is continuous laterally with the endoderm that composes the roof of the primitive foregut and is in contact dorsally with the neural tube; the folding off of the notochordal plate gives rise to the notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030539 abnormal head paraxial mesoderm morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008029 abnormal paraxial mesoderm morphology any structural anomaly of the paraxial mesoderm located on either side of the neural tube, anterior to the occipital somites; in the head region, the unsegmented cranial paraxial mesoderm contributes to the developing heart, specific skull bones and skeletal muscles of the head and neck region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030541 misaligned incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030540 misaligned teeth abnormal alignment of the upper and lower incisor teeth, usually resulting in malocclusion; in gnawing rodents, where incisors are rootless and grow continually, signs of incisor malocclusion include uneven wear patterns, sloping of the cutting edges, fractured teeth, altered pigmentation, and obvious pathological overgrowth of the incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036264 zygomaticotemporal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region The zygomaticotemporal nerve or zygomaticotemporal branch (temporal branch) is derived from the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (Cranial nerve V). It runs along the lateral wall of the orbit in a groove in the zygomatic bone, receives a branch of communication from the lacrimal, and passes through zygomaticotemporal foramen in the zygomatic bone to enter the temporal fossa. It ascends between the bone, and substance of the Temporalis muscle, pierces the temporal fascia about 2.5 cm. above the zygomatic arch, and is distributed to the skin of the side of the forehead, and communicates with the facial nerve and with the auriculotemporal branch of the mandibular nerve. As it pierces the temporal fascia, it gives off a slender twig, which runs between the two layers of the fascia to the lateral angle of the orbit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030682 hydroxyprolinuria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030678 increased hydroxyproline level excretion of excessive amounts of hydroxyproline in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030739 increased circulating glutamic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030738 abnormal circulating glutamic acid level increase in the amount per unit of blood of glutamic acid (2-aminopentanedioic acid), a non-essential alpha-amino used in the biosynthesis of proteins; its anion form, glutamate, is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and also serves as the metabolic precursor of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030879 abnormal syndesmosis morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030878 abnormal fibrous joint morphology any structural anomaly of any fibrous joint where the gap between two adjacent bones may be narrow, with the bones joined by ligaments, or the gap may be wide and filled in by a broad sheet of connective tissue called an interosseous membrane; syndemoses are slightly moveable (amphiarthrodial) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140318 protein transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005215 transporter activity Directly binding to a specific protein and delivering it to a specific cellular location. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120199 cone photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001750 photoreceptor outer segment The outer segment of a vertebrate cone photoreceptor that contains membrane discs that are contiguous with the ciliary membrane and containing opsin photoreceptor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120200 rod photoreceptor outer segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001750 photoreceptor outer segment The outer segment of a vertebrate rod photoreceptor that contains sealed membrane discs that are not connected to the ciliary membrane and containing rhodopsin photoreceptor proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150102 negative regulation of monocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002695 negative regulation of leukocyte activation Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011013 motile sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000219 motile cell A sperm cell that is cabaple of motion (motility). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011016 flagellated sperm cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011013 motile sperm cell A motile sperm cell that contains a slender threadlike microscopic appendage that enables motion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120222 regulation of blastocyst development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050793 regulation of developmental process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blastocyst development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031058 hepatosplenomegaly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000691 enlarged spleen simultaneous enlargement of the liver and spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031059 increased circulating C-reactive protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010212 abnormal circulating C-reactive protein level abnormal elevation of the plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation or after tissue damage and binds to phosphocholine expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells, including all types of pneumococci, in order to activate the complement system via the C1Q complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031060 decreased circulating C-reactive protein level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010212 abnormal circulating C-reactive protein level abnormal reduction of the plasma protein that circulates in increased amounts during inflammation or after tissue damage and binds to phosphocholine expressed on the surface of dead or dying cells, including all types of pneumococci, in order to activate the complement system via the C1Q complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031061 abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009642 abnormal blood homeostasis a deviation in the rate at which red blood cells (RBCs) descend under the influence of gravity in a vertical column of anticoagulated whole blood over a period of one hour; the rate at which RBCs settle out from the plasma is measured as the number of millimeters of clear plasma present at the top of the column after one hour (mm/hr); a non-specific measure of inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031062 decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031061 abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate a reduction in the rate at which red blood cells (RBCs) descend under the influence of gravity in a vertical column of anticoagulated whole blood over a period of one hour; a decreased rate may be seen in polycythemia or in certain blood diseases in which RBCs have an irregular or smaller shape that causes slower settling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031063 increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031061 abnormal erythrocyte sedimentation rate an increase in the rate at which red blood cells descend under the influence of gravity in a vertical column of anticoagulated whole blood over a period of one hour; an elevated rate may indicate inflammation or may be caused by any condition that elevates fibrinogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031064 abnormal circulating procalcitonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level any anomaly in the blood concentration of procalcitonin, a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin produced by parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid and by the neuroendocrine cells of the lung and the intestine; the level of procalcitonin is virtually undetectable in the bloodstream of healthy individuals but can rise significantly in systemic bacterial infections and sepsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031065 increased circulating procalcitonin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031064 abnormal circulating procalcitonin level greater concentration in the blood of procalcitonin, a peptide precursor of the hormone calcitonin produced by parafollicular cells (C cells) of the thyroid and by the neuroendocrine cells of the lung and the intestine; the level of procalcitonin is virtually undetectable in the bloodstream of healthy individuals but can rise significantly in systemic bacterial infections and sepsis; it does not rise significantly with viral or non-infectious inflammations http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031066 cytokine storm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003009 abnormal cytokine secretion dysregulated and excessive cytokine and chemokine release in response to infection and other stimuli; can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or multiple-organ dysfunction, leading to physiological deterioration and death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031067 abnormal blood oxygen saturation level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002329 abnormal blood gas level any anomaly in the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood expressed as a percentage of the maximal binding capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031068 decreased blood oxygen saturation level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031067 abnormal blood oxygen saturation level a reduction in the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood expressed as a percentage of the maximal binding capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031069 increased blood oxygen saturation level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031067 abnormal blood oxygen saturation level an increase in the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood expressed as a percentage of the maximal binding capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031070 hemophagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002451 abnormal macrophage physiology a pathologic process of engulfment of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and their precursors by histiocytes, either in the bone marrow or in other parts of the reticuloendothelial system; it is a nonspecific phenotypic feature observed in several conditions including hemolytic anemia, malignant disease, infections, and hemophagocytic syndrome (also known as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a rare hyperinflammatory syndrome caused by severe hypercytokinemia due to a highly stimulated but ineffective immune process) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031071 lymph node atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002217 small lymph nodes acquired diminution of the size of lymph node tissue associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal changes; occurs with age, immobilization, weightlessness, malnutrition or denervation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031072 abnormal circulating type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level any deviation from the normal amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) in the blood circulation; beta-CTX is released into the bloodstream during bone resorption and serves as a specific marker for the degradation of mature type I collagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031073 decreased circulating type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031072 abnormal circulating type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level less than the normal amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) in the blood circulation; beta-CTX is released into the bloodstream during bone resorption and serves as a specific marker for the degradation of mature type I collagen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031074 increased circulating type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031072 abnormal circulating type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level greater than the normal amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) in the blood circulation; beta-CTX is released into the bloodstream during bone resorption and serves as a specific marker for the degradation of mature type I collagen; elevated serum levels of beta-CTX indicate increased bone resorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031075 abnormal circulating troponin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level eviation from the normal concentration in the blood of troponin, a complex of three contractile regulatory proteins (troponin C, T and I) that control the calcium mediated interactions between actin and myosin in cardiac and skeletal muscles; in humans, cardiac-specific troponins I and T are regarded as the preferred biomarkers for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction due to their unique specificity for myocardial cell injury/necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031076 decreased circulating troponin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031075 abnormal circulating troponin level reduced concentration in the blood of troponin, a complex of three contractile regulatory proteins (troponin C, T and I) that control the calcium mediated interactions between actin and myosin in cardiac and skeletal muscles; in humans, cardiac-specific troponins I and T are regarded as the preferred biomarkers for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction due to their unique specificity for myocardial cell injury/necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031077 increased circulating troponin level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031075 abnormal circulating troponin level increased concentration in the blood of troponin, a complex of three contractile regulatory proteins (troponin C, T and I) that control the calcium mediated interactions between actin and myosin in cardiac and skeletal muscles; in humans, elevated serum levels of cardiac-specific troponins (I and T) are highly sensitive and specific indicators of myocardial injury and used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031078 increased circulating troponin T level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031077 increased circulating troponin level greater than the normal concentration in the blood of troponin T (TnT), a cardiac regulatory protein that controls the calcium mediated interaction between actin and myosin; elevated serum cardiac troponin T levels are highly sensitive and specific indicators of myocardial injury and used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031079 increased circulating troponin I level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031077 increased circulating troponin level greater than the normal concentration in the blood of troponin I (TnI), a cardiac regulatory protein that controls the calcium mediated interaction between actin and myosin; elevated serum cardiac troponin I levels are highly sensitive and specific indicators of myocardial injury and used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_7500046 proximal-most point of head of femur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006983 anatomical point The proximal-most point of the head of a femur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8000006 left side of back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Left part of the organism dorsal to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8000007 right side of back http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure Right part of the organism dorsal to a horizontal plane and bounded on one side by the same transverse plane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8300000 skin of scalp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001084 skin of head A zone of skin that is part of a scalp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8300001 right forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A forelimb that is on the right side of a pectoral complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8300002 left forelimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A forelimb that is on the left side of a pectoral complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8300003 right hindlimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A hindlimb that is on the right side of a pelvic complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8300004 left hindlimb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure A hindlimb that is on the left side of a pelvic complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031109 subarachnoid hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001915 intracranial hemorrhage bleeding into the space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031110 meningitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006082 CNS inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the protective membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord, commonly caused by a bacterial or viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031111 meningoencephalitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006082 CNS inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the brain and its surrounding protective membranes (meninges) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031112 rhabdomyolysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000759 abnormal skeletal muscle morphology breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers leading to leakage of muscle contents into the bloodstream; damage to the sarcolemma results in loss of its intrinsic function, an influx of calcium, activation of intracellular proteases, and release of intracellular contents (e.g. myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase, aldolase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, and potassium) into the circulation; common causes include trauma, prolonged exertion, hyperthermia, infections, electrolyte abnormalities, electrical current injury, drugs or toxins, and conditions that cause tissue hypoxia; complications may include acute renal failure, metabolic abnormalities, and disseminated intravascular congestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031113 pulmonary parenchymal consolidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology replacement of alveolar air by fluid (exudate/transudate/blood), cells (inflammatory), tissue, or other material, rendering the pulmonary parenchyma airless; consolidated tissue is more radio-opaque than normally aerated lung parenchyma, so that it is clearly demonstrable in radiography and on CT scans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031114 increased circulating gamma-glutamyl transferase level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001570 abnormal circulating enzyme level elevated blood level of the enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of gamma-glutamyl functional groups from molecules such as glutathione to an acceptor that may be an amino acid, a peptide or water (forming glutamate); GGT plays a key role in the gamma-glutamyl cycle, a pathway for the synthesis and degradation of glutathione as well as drug and xenobiotic detoxification; GGT is present in many organs throughout the body, with the highest concentrations found in liver, and elevated in the blood in most diseases that cause damage to the liver or bile ducts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031115 macrovesicular hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002628 hepatic steatosis a common form of hepatic steatosis characterized by the presence of large lipid droplets that displace the nucleus and organelles to the cell periphery in affected hepatocytes; may be caused by oversupply of lipids due to obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, insulin resistance, or alcoholism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031116 microvesicular hepatic steatosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002628 hepatic steatosis a less common form of hepatic steatosis characterized by accumulation of multiple small lipid droplets giving the cytoplasm a foamy appearance without displacing the nucleus in affected hepatocytes; causes include tetracyclines, acute fatty liver of pregnancy, Reye's syndrome, and hepatitis C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0055003 increased rate of occurrence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0050000 rate of occurence A rate of occurrence that is relatively high. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176497 geroprotector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50267 protective agent Any compound that supports healthy aging, slows the biological aging process, or extends lifespan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176842 vitamin B9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75769 B vitamin Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410001 small intestine venule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001979 venule Venule of villus of small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410002 small intestine lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel A lymphatic vessel that supplies the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410004 small intestine arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001980 arteriole Arteriole of villus of small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410008 venule of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001979 venule A venule that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410009 arteriole of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001980 arteriole An arteriole that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410015 arteriole of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001980 arteriole An arteriole located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410032 trabecular sinus of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space The trabecular sinus is the lymph-filled space outside the trabeculae between lobules of the lymph node. This is a continuation of the subcapsular sinus which receives the afferent vessels and is present beneath the capsule. This space is traversed by both reticular fibers and cells in the lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410035 medullary arteriole of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410042 arteriole of lymph node An arteriole that arises from the hilar artery of a lymph node and radiates centrifugally, branching in the medulla. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410036 medullary venule of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410041 venule of lymph node Medullary venules are a continuation of high endothelial venules which condense repeatedly in the interfollicular cortex and peripheral deep cortical unit and then transition to medullary venules at the corticomedullary junction. The medullary venules condense and return centripetally to the hilar vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410041 venule of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001979 venule A venule that is part of a lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410042 arteriole of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001980 arteriole An arteriole that is part of a lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410043 bronchus submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410077 airway submucosal gland A submucosal gland located in a bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410048 venule of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001979 venule A venule located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410050 anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004921 subdivision of digestive tract A subdivision of the digestive tract in humans that includes the rectum, the anal canal and the anus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410051 lymphatic vessel of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel A lymphatic vessel located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410056 capillary of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982 capillary A capillary that is part of the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410057 capillary of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982 capillary A capillary that is part of the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070027 bitufted dendrite cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0010006 cell morphology A cell morphology that inheres in neurons with dendrites that are bidirectional, emerging from opposite ends of the soma, with the two arbors extending in radial or tangential directions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140694 non-membrane-bounded organelle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070925 organelle assembly The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a non-membrane-bounded organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009006 enteroendocrine cell of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001598 small intestine glandular cell An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009037 lymph node mantle zone B cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000236 B cell A B lymphocyte that resides in the mantle zone of the lymph node germinal center. These are generally IgM and IgD positive activated B cells that form a 'corona' around the germinal center and are part of the establishment of a secondary lymphatic follicule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009040 stromal cell of lamina propria of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009021 stromal cell of lamina propria of large intestine A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009041 tuft cell of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011108 colon epithelial cell A tuft cell that is a part of the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009042 enteroendocrine cell of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001588 colon glandular cell An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009043 intestinal crypt stem cell of colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011108 colon epithelial cell An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the colon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009044 lymphocyte of small intestine lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A lymphocyte that resides in the lamina propria of the small intestine. Lamina propria leukocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes are the effector compartments of the gut mucosal immune system. Lymphocytes circulate through gut associated lymphoid tissues until recruitment by intestinal antigens. They are involved in the gut immune response. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009080 tuft cell of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002254 epithelial cell of small intestine A tuft cell located in the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023109 vasopressin-secreting magnocellular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011003 magnocellular neurosecretory cell A magnocellular neurosecretory cell that is capable of producing and secreting vasopressin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023110 amygdala pyramidal neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A pyramidal neuron with soma located in the amygdala. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023111 cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010012 cerebral cortex neuron A pyramidal neuron with soma located in the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023120 cochlea auditory hair cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure An auditory hair cell found in the cochlea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009089 lung pericyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A pericyte cell that is part of a lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031351 abnormal sperm flagellum thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology any anomaly in the distance across the short axis of the whiplike posterior filiform portion of the spermatozoon that provides sperm motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021081 abnormal ribosomal stalling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013273 abnormal translational elongation any anomaly in the ability of cells to clear a ribosomal complex that has become stuck in the process of translational elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021082 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 42 isoform level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021024 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid physiology any anomaly in the amount of amyloid beta 42 found in cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021083 increased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 42 isoform level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021082 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 42 isoform level increase in the amount of amyloid beta 42 found in cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021084 decreased cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 42 isoform level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021082 abnormal cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta 42 isoform level reduction in the amount of amyloid beta 42 found in cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021085 increased DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008057 abnormal DNA replication any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways resulting an increase in new strands of DNA being synthesized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021086 decreased DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008057 abnormal DNA replication any anomaly in the chemical reactions and pathways resulting a decrease in new strands of DNA being synthesized http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021087 abnormal spatial memory extinction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008414 abnormal spatial reference memory any anomaly in the process by which a previously acquired spatial memory is lost by learned suppression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021088 impaired spatial memory extinction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021087 abnormal spatial memory extinction decrease in or deceleration of the process by which a previously acquired spatial memory is lost by learned suppression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021089 enhanced spatial memory extinction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021087 abnormal spatial memory extinction increase in or acceleration of the process by which a previously acquired spatial memory is lost by learned suppression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031352 absent sperm axonemal central pair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009838 abnormal sperm axoneme morphology missing the central pair of microtubules in the sperm axoneme, thereby forming a 9 + 0 pattern instead of the normal 9 + 2 pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031353 abnormal testis apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004884 abnormal testis physiology change in the timing or the number of cells in testicular tissue undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031355 abnormal proacrosomal vesicle fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031354 abnormal acrosome assembly any anomaly in the fusion of the membrane of a proacrosomal vesicle with the membrane of another proacrosomal vesicle to form a single large acrosomal granule at the nuclear surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031356 abnormal outer dense fiber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008892 abnormal sperm flagellum morphology any structural anomaly of the highly condensed, modified intermediate cytoskeletal filaments strengthened by disulfide linked keratin proteins that progress from the midpiece to the principal piece of the sperm tail; outer dense fibers are believed to maintain flagellar elasticity and play a role in the protection of the sperm tail against shear forces during epididymal transport and ejaculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031357 enlarged prostate gland ventral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009380 abnormal prostate gland ventral lobe morphology increased size of the rodent prostate lobe that is located below the ventral aspect of the bladder neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031359 decreased prostate gland anterior lobe weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004960 abnormal prostate gland weight reduction in the average weight of the rodent prostate lobe that appears as a thin tubular structure, attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031360 prostate gland anterior lobe hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000664 small prostate gland anterior lobe decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland anterior lobe, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031361 increased prostate gland anterior lobe weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009738 enlarged prostate gland anterior lobe increase in the average weight of the rodent prostate lobe that appears as a thin tubular structure, attached to the lesser curvature of the paired seminal vesicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031362 decreased prostate gland ventral lobe weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004960 abnormal prostate gland weight reduction in the average weight of the rodent prostate lobe that is located below the ventral aspect of the bladder neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031363 prostate gland ventral lobe hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000661 small prostate gland ventral lobe decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland ventral lobe, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031364 increased prostate gland ventral lobe weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031357 enlarged prostate gland ventral lobe increase in the average weight of the rodent prostate lobe that is located below the ventral aspect of the bladder neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031365 prostate gland ventral lobe hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031357 enlarged prostate gland ventral lobe increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland ventral lobe, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031366 decreased prostate gland dorsolateral lobe weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009740 small prostate gland dorsolateral lobe reduction in the average weight of the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031367 prostate gland dorsolateral lobe hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009740 small prostate gland dorsolateral lobe decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland dorsolateral lobe, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031368 increased prostate gland dorsolateral lobe weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009739 enlarged prostate gland dorsolateral lobe increase in the average weight of the rodent prostate lobe that lies in the triangular area between urethra and seminal vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031369 prostate gland dorsolateral lobe hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009739 enlarged prostate gland dorsolateral lobe increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the prostate gland dorsolateral lobe, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021164 oral cleft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology fissure in the tissues of the upper lip and/or roof of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8450002 excretory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system An anatomical system that eliminates waste products that arise as a result of metabolic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021205 effusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001784 abnormal fluid regulation an abnormal collection of fluid in cavities or between tissues in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021206 abnormal limb muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003358 abnormal hypaxial muscle morphology any structural anomaly in the muscles that are part of a limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031460 abnormal palatal shelf morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009655 abnormal secondary palate development any structural anomaly of either one of the paired outgrowths arising from the oral surface of the embryonic maxillary processes that come together during prenatal development to form the secondary palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021207 abnormal autopod muscle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021206 abnormal limb muscle morphology any structural anomaly of the muscles of the autopod region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021208 median cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000111 cleft palate fissure along the midline of the palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021209 non-midline cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000111 cleft palate fissure of the palate that is not located along the midline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021210 bilateral cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021209 non-midline cleft palate non-midline fissures of the palate on both the left and right sides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021211 unilateral cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021209 non-midline cleft palate fissure of the palate located on either the left or right side but not both http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021212 abnormal primary and secondary palatal fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009653 abnormal palate development any anomaly in the process by which the primary and secondary palates fuse to form the definite palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021213 complete cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000111 cleft palate fissure of the palate that involves the full length of both the primary and secondary palates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021214 anterior cleft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000111 cleft palate fissure of the palate formed by the failure of fusion between the primary and secondary palates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480029 skin of external genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure A zone of skin that is part of the external genitalia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014235 abnormal tumor-free survival time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010769 abnormal survival any anomaly in the span of life of an organism or population of organisms spends free from the signs, symptoms, or occurrence of neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033049 taste receptor cell of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell A taste receptor cell that is part of a taste bud of a tongue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033050 catecholaminergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that releases catecholamine as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600012 submucosal gland acinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014717 mucous acinus A spherical or tubular structure in a submucosal gland that produces and secretes mucus and other substances into the ducts leading to the surface epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014281 hindlimb oligodactyly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000565 oligodactyly congenital condition in which some digits or parts of digits are missing from the autopods of the hindlimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031503 abnormal mouth size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000452 abnormal mouth morphology anomaly in the size of the mouth compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014298 abnormal cochlear width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014297 abnormal cochlea size any anomaly in the side to side dimension of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014299 increased cochlea size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014297 abnormal cochlea size increased size of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014300 decreased cochlea size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014297 abnormal cochlea size reduced size of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014301 decreased cochlea width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014298 abnormal cochlear width reduction in the side to side dimension of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014302 increased cochlea width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014298 abnormal cochlear width increase in the side to side dimension of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014303 abnormal cochlea length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014297 abnormal cochlea size any anomaly in the end to end length of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014304 increased cochlea length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014303 abnormal cochlea length increase in the end to end length of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014305 decreased cochlea length http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014303 abnormal cochlea length decrease in the end to end length of the cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014306 increased cochlea coiling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000031 abnormal cochlea morphology an increase in cochlear coiling or number of turns; in wild-type mice, the cochlea most commonly exhibits one and three-fourth turns http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014307 decreased femor compact bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010965 decreased compact bone volume less than normal amount of space occupied by compact bone tissue in the femor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014308 decreased tibia compact bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010965 decreased compact bone volume less than normal amount of space occupied by compact bone tissue in the tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014309 increased femor compact bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010964 increased compact bone volume greater than normal amount of space occupied by compact bone tissue in the femor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014310 increased tibia compact bone volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010964 increased compact bone volume greater than normal amount of space occupied by compact bone tissue in the tibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014311 increased primordial germ cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008390 abnormal primordial germ cell proliferation increase in the ability of the primordial germ cell population to undergo rapid expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014312 thick lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012524 abnormal lower lip morphology lower lip has an abundance and often an excess of soft tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014313 thin lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012524 abnormal lower lip morphology lower lip has a reduced amount of soft tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014314 irregular cerebellar foliation pattern http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000857 abnormal cerebellar foliation derangement of the normal organized pattern of the folia into one lacking uniformity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014315 decreased heart left ventricle anterior wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021158 decreased heart left ventricle wall thickness decrease in the depth of the cardiac wall on the anterior side of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014316 decreased heart left ventricle posterior wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021158 decreased heart left ventricle wall thickness decrease in the depth of the cardiac wall on the posterior side of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014317 decreased heart left ventricle septal wall thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0021158 decreased heart left ventricle wall thickness decrease in the depth of the cardiac septal wall of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014318 abnormal oligodendrocyte differentiation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008917 abnormal oligodendrocyte physiology anomaly in the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an oligodendrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031506 impaired peripheral nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004220 abnormal peripheral nervous system regeneration decrease in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of peripheral nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031507 enhanced peripheral nervous system regeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004220 abnormal peripheral nervous system regeneration increase in the renewal, repair, and/or regrowth of peripheral nervous system tissue following injury or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031508 abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005595 abnormal vascular smooth muscle physiology anomaly in the ability of any smooth muscle cell population associated with the vasculature to undergo expansion by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031509 decreased vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031508 abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation decrease in the expansion rate of any vascular smooth muscle cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031510 increased vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031508 abnormal vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation increase in the expansion rate of any vascular smooth muscle cell population by cell division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031511 globular heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000277 abnormal heart shape overall shape of the heart is more rounded than usual, lacking a distinct apex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014326 abnormal Purkinje cell size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000877 abnormal Purkinje cell morphology any anomaly in the size of the inhibitory neurons located at the interface of the molecular and internal granule layers of the cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031533 abnormal heart left ventricle wall morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003921 abnormal heart left ventricle morphology any structural anomaly of the cardiac wall of the heart left ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031539 decreased papillary muscle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004058 abnormal ventricle papillary muscle morphology less than average dimensions of one or more of the ventricular papillary muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031543 abnormal heart ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005294 abnormal heart ventricle morphology anomaly in the average size of either one or both of the heart ventricles compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031544 decreased heart ventricle size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031543 abnormal heart ventricle size reduced average size of one or both heart ventricles compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031565 abnormal heart interventricular foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000267 abnormal heart development any structural anomaly of the temporary opening (space) between the free rim of the muscular interventricular septum and the fused endocardial cushions, allowing for communication between the developing right and left heart ventricles; in normal development, the interventricular foramen closes off when the septum fuses with the endocardial cushions and bulbar ridges to form the membranous part of the interventricular septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014384 increased miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014380 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude increase in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014385 decreased miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014380 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current amplitude decrease in the size (height or maximum displacement) of the miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current wave http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014382 increased miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014381 abnormal miniature inhibitory postsynaptic current frequency increase in the number of occurrences of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents per unit time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014394 increased skeletal muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014393 increased muscle fiber mitochondrial DNA content greater than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a skeletal muscle fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014396 decreased fat cell mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014398 abnormal fat cell mitochondrial morphology less than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of an adipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014398 abnormal fat cell mitochondrial morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009115 abnormal fat cell morphology any structural anomaly of the semiautonomous, self replicating organelles in fat cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014392 increased neuron mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014345 abnormal neuron mitochondrial morphology greater than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014388 decreased hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA content http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011639 decreased mitochondrial DNA content less than expected amount of DNA contained within the mitochondria of a hepatocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035612 nasal turbinal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element A skeletal element of the ethmoid region with complex morphology that are lined with mucuous membranes involved in either olfaction or air conditioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020420 abnormal freezing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002065 abnormal fear/anxiety-related behavior any anomaly in the behavior defined as total cessation of movement apart from respiration or eye movement with the animal remaining alert with strong muscle tone; typically a response to potential danger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020421 increased freezing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020420 abnormal freezing behavior an elevated display, frequency, or duration of freezing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020422 decreased freezing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020420 abnormal freezing behavior a decreased display, frequency, or duration of freezing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020424 increased kindling response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001499 abnormal kindling response increased epileptogenic changes, normally induced by daily sub threshold electrical brain stimulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020425 abnormal retinal bipolar cell electrophysiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005551 abnormal eye electrophysiology any functional anomaly of the retinal biopolar cells as determined through electrophysiological recordings from single cells or summary recordings from multiple cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030003 hippocampus atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008283 small hippocampus acquired diminution of the size of the hippocampus associated with wasting as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, reduced function or malfunction, or hormonal change http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030004 hippocampus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008283 small hippocampus decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the hippocampus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030005 increased retina apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006072 abnormal retina apoptosis increase in the number of cells in the retina undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030006 decreased retina apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006072 abnormal retina apoptosis decrease in the number of cells in the retina undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030007 abnormal bone marrow adipose tissue morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002397 abnormal bone marrow morphology any structural anomaly of the functionally distinct adipose depot that is located within the skeleton and has the potential to exert both local and systemic effects on metabolic homeostasis, skeletal remodeling, hematopoiesis, and the development of bone metastases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030008 abnormal bone marrow adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030007 abnormal bone marrow adipose tissue morphology anomaly in the quantity of the bone marrow fat-storing cells/tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030009 increased bone marrow adipose tissue amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030008 abnormal bone marrow adipose tissue amount increased quantity of the bone marrow fat-storing cells/tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020456 decreased myelin sheath amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020457 abnormal myelin sheath amount reduction in the amount of myelin surrounding nerve fibers or axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020457 abnormal myelin sheath amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003871 abnormal myelin sheath morphology any anomaly in the amount of myelin surrounding nerve fibers or axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020458 increased myelin sheath amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020457 abnormal myelin sheath amount increase in the amount of myelin surrounding nerve fibers or axons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020459 abnormal gum morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030131 abnormal periodontium morphology any structural anomaly of the fibrous investing tissue, covered by keratinized epithelium, that immediately surrounds a tooth and is contiguous with its periodontal ligament and with the mucosal tissues of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020460 abnormal gum epithelium morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020459 abnormal gum morphology any structural anomaly in the stratified squamous epithelium of the gums http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030063 abnormal face size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology deviation from the average range of face size for an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030064 small face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030063 abnormal face size presence of an abnormally small face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030065 face hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030064 small face decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the face, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030066 short face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030064 small face an abnormally decreased height (length) of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030067 narrow face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030064 small face a reduction in the width of the upper and lower face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030068 large face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030063 abnormal face size presence of an abnormally large face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030069 broad face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030068 large face increased width of the upper and lower face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030070 long face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030068 large face an abnormally increased height (length) of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030071 abnormal face shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030072 round face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030071 abnormal face shape facial appearance is more circular than usual as viewed from the front http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030073 square face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030071 abnormal face shape facial contours, as viewed from the front, show a broad upper face/cranium and lower face/mandible, creating a square appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030074 coarse facial features http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030071 abnormal face shape absence of fine and sharp appearance of facial features, usually because of rounded and heavy features or thickened skin with or without thickening of subcutaneous and bony tissues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030075 hairy ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology excessive hair growth on the external ear; may involve the meatal opening, pinnae or external rim http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030076 abnormal cranial cavity morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology any anomaly of the space formed within the skull and occupied by the brain, pineal and hypophysis cerebri, parts of the cranial and spinal nerves, blood vessels, meninges and cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030077 small cranial cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030076 abnormal cranial cavity morphology reduced size of the space formed within the skull and occupied by the brain, pineal and hypophysis cerebri, parts of the cranial and spinal nerves, blood vessels, meninges and cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030078 synotia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000023 abnormal ear position fusion or abnormal approximation of the ears in front of the neck, often accompanied by the absence or defective development of the lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030080 small lower incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030136 abnormal lower incisor morphology reduced size of the lower set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030081 small upper incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030137 abnormal upper incisor morphology reduced size of the upper set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030082 long lower incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030136 abnormal lower incisor morphology increased length or overgrowth of the lower set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030083 long upper incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030137 abnormal upper incisor morphology increased length or overgrowth of the upper set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030084 tympanic ring hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006020 decreased tympanic ring size decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the tympanic ring, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030085 syngnathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000454 abnormal jaw morphology fusion of the upper and lower jaw; fusion can range from simple mucosal bands (synechiae) to complete bony fusion (synostosis); syngnathia can occur in the midline, or laterally, and it can be uni- or bilateral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030086 bony syngnathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030085 syngnathia bony fusion of the upper and lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030087 fibrous syngnathia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030085 syngnathia complete or nearly complete soft tissue fusion of the alveolar ridges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030089 short lower incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030080 small lower incisors reduced length of the lower set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030090 short upper incisors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030081 small upper incisors reduced length of the upper set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030092 abnormal outer ear helix morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002177 abnormal outer ear morphology any structural anomaly of the outer rim of the ear that extends from the insertion of the ear on the scalp (root) to the termination of the cartilage at the earlobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030093 absent maxillary sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030382 absent paranasal sinus absence of the largest of the paranasal sinuses, a paired pyramid-shaped air sinus located within the maxillary bone which drains via the maxillary ostium into the infundibulum, then through the hiatus semilunaris into the middle meatus of the nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030094 foramen magnum stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010941 abnormal foramen magnum morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the large orifice in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes to the cranial cavity and becomes continuous with the medulla oblongata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030095 abnormal midface morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003743 abnormal facial morphology any structural anomaly of the midface region which extends, superiorly, from the inferior orbital margin to, inferiorly, the level of nasal base; it is formed by the maxilla (upper jaw) and zygoma and cheeks and malar region; traditionally, the nose and premaxilla are not included in the midface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030096 abnormal periauricular region morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030095 abnormal midface morphology any structural anomaly of the region around the ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030097 preauricular pit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030096 abnormal periauricular region morphology small indentation anterior to the insertion of the ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030098 periorbital fullness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030038 abnormal periorbital region morphology increase in periorbital soft tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030099 facial asymmetry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030071 abnormal face shape an abnormal difference between the left and right sides of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030100 hemifacial hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030099 facial asymmetry unilateral decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the facial tissues, including muscles and bones, typically resulting in decreased size of one side of the face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030101 carious teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002100 abnormal tooth morphology formation of cavities in the teeth due to a multifactorial bacterial infection that causes demineralization and destruction of the hard tissues of the teeth (enamel, dentin and cementum), usually by production of acid by bacterial fermentation of the food debris accumulated on the tooth surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030102 absent orbitosphenoid bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004457 abnormal orbitosphenoid bone morphology missing the bone that is situated in the orbit on either side of the presphenoid; it generally forms a part of the sphenoid in the adult, and may be independent in the young http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030103 abnormal orbit shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010030 abnormal orbit morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of the orbits of an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030104 round orbits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030103 abnormal orbit shape orbits present a more circular rather than the ususal oval appearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030105 bushy muzzle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000443 abnormal snout morphology excessive hair growth on or around the muzzle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030106 small incus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030123 small middle ear ossicles reduced size of the anvil-shaped, central bone of the three auditory ossicles which articulates with the head of the malleus anteromedially and the stapes inferomedially http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030107 incus hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030106 small incus decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the incus, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030108 abnormal incudostapedial joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the small synovial joint located between the lenticular process on the long crus of the incus and the head of the stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030109 abnormal incudomalleolar joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of the saddle-shaped synovial joint located between the incus and the malleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030110 incudomalleolar fusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003740 fusion of middle ear ossicles bony fusion of the incus and the malleus into a single structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030111 absent temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011210 abnormal temporomandibular joint morphology absence of the synovial articulation between the head of the mandibular condoyloid process and the mandibular fossa and articular tubercle of the temporal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030112 zygomatic bone hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030386 facial bone hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the zygomatic bone, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030113 maxillary sinus inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001872 sinus inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the maxillary sinuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030114 abnormal nasal columella morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the tissue that links the nasal tip to the nasal base, and separates the nares; it is the inferior margin of the nasal septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030115 abnormal nasal tip morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology any structural anomaly of the tip of the nose located at the junction of the inferior margin of the nasal ridge and the columella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030116 bifid nasal tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030115 abnormal nasal tip morphology a splitting of the nasal tip; visually assessable vertical indentation, cleft, or depression of the nasal tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030117 bifid nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002233 abnormal nose morphology visually assessable vertical indentation, cleft, or depression of the nasal bridge, ridge and tip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030118 rhinosinusitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001872 sinus inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the mucous membranes of the nose and in one or more paranasal sinuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030119 abnormal retrotympanic process morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004423 abnormal temporal bone squamous part morphology any structural anomaly of the posterior extension of the squamosal bone that lies just above the incus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030120 absent retrotympanic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030119 abnormal retrotympanic process morphology absence of the posterior extension of the squamosal bone that normally lies just above the incus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030122 temporal bone squamous part hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030121 small temporal bone squamous part decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the temporal bone squamous part, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030126 torticollis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005323 dystonia involuntary contractions of the neck musculature resulting in an abnormal posture of or abnormal movements of the head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030127 small stapes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030123 small middle ear ossicles reduced size of the stirrup-shaped ossicle that is the smallest and innermost of the three auditory ossicles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030128 stapes hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030127 small stapes decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the stapes, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030129 tongue inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins and leukocytes in the tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030130 gum inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030132 periodontium inflammation local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the gums http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030132 periodontium inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001846 increased inflammatory response local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the periodontium (including the gums and supporting structures of the teeth) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030133 small third pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006339 abnormal third pharyngeal arch morphology reduced size of the third branchial arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030134 small fourth pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006340 abnormal fourth pharyngeal arch morphology reduced size of the fourth branchial arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030135 small sixth pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006347 abnormal sixth pharyngeal arch morphology reduced size of the sixth branchial arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030136 abnormal lower incisor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005358 abnormal incisor morphology any structural anomaly of the lower set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030137 abnormal upper incisor morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005358 abnormal incisor morphology any structural anomaly of the upper set of long teeth that are the most anterior and prominent in the jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030138 abnormal lower incisor color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010096 abnormal incisor color anomaly in the color and shading of the lower incisors, which normally presents in shades of white http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030139 abnormal upper incisor color http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010096 abnormal incisor color anomaly in the color and shading of the upper incisors, which normally presents in shades of white http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030276 anterior cranium occultum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology presence of an abnormal skin-covered gap in the front of the head, usually due to increased distance between the frontal bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030309 abnormal posterior cranial fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030306 abnormal cranial fossa morphology any structural anomaly of the most inferior and deepest of the cranial fossae, located between the foramen magnum and tentorium cerebelli, which houses the brainstem and cerebellum; it is bounded anteriorly and medially by the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone; anteriorly and laterally by the superior border of the petrous part of the temporal bone; and posteriorly by the internal surface of the squamous part of the occipital bone; its floor consists of the mastoid part of the temporal bone and the squamous, condylar and basilar parts of the occipital bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030310 abnormal cranial foramen morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000438 abnormal cranium morphology any structural anomaly of any of the openings or orifices (foramina) in the skull through which cranial nerves, arteries, veins and other structures pass into and out of the cranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030312 enlarged pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002884 abnormal pharyngeal arch morphology increased size of one or more of the transient structures of the embryo that develop into regions of the head, neck and ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030319 abnormal temporal bone petrous part morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005272 abnormal temporal bone morphology any structural anomaly of the dense, pyramid-shaped portion of the temporal bone that is wedged in at the base of the skull between the sphenoid and occipital bones; directed medially, forward, and a little upward, it presents a base, an apex, three surfaces, and three angles, and houses in its interior, the components of the inner ear; the petrous portion is among the most basal elements of the skull and forms part of the endocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110095 cellular detoxification of aldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990748 cellular detoxification Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of an aldehyde. These may include transport of aldehydes away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062009 secondary palate development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060021 roof of mouth development The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The secondary palate is the part of the palate formed from the fusion of the two palatine shelves, extensions of the maxillary prominences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020822 absent masticatory muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004234 abnormal masticatory muscle morphology absence of all the muscles responsible for the movement of the jaws during mastication, including the masseter, temporal, and medial and lateral pterygoid muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030764 increased anandamide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030763 abnormal anandamide level increase in the amount of anandamide, N-arachidonoylethanolamine, a fatty acid neurotransmitter derived from the non-oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid; it is an endocannabinoid that binds to cannabinoid receptors and influences mood, appetite, motivation, perception of pain and pleasure, and memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030614 methylmalonic aciduria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030613 dicarboxylic aciduria increased concentration of methylmalonic acid in the urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020848 abnormal exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008546 abnormal vesicle-mediated transport any anomaly in the process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150098 glial cell-neuron signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007267 cell-cell signaling Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from a glial cell to a neuron. This signaling has been shown to be mediated by various molecules, depending on which glial cells release them, and in which tissues the signaling occurs, e.g. microglial cell-derived nerve growth factor (NGF) in the retina, or microglial cell-derived superoxide ions in the cerebellum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030702 abnormal circulating threonine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030699 abnormal threonine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036295 renal pelvis/ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster The upper tract of the renal system. The renal pelvis is the large cavity in the middle of each kidney. Urine drains from each kidney through a long tube called the ureter, into the bladder, where it is stored until it is passed from the body through the urethra. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140353 lipid export from cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport The directed movement of a lipid from a cell, into the extracellular region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030970 ketosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001764 abnormal homeostasis an abnormal increase of ketone bodies in the body tissues; it is typically pathological in conditions such as diabetes, or may be the consequence of a diet that is very low in carbohydrates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0040026 structurally discontinuous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A structural quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being marked by interruptions or gaps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009014 Peyer's patch lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A lymphocyte that is part of a Peyer's patch. These cells have a major role in driving the immune response to antigens sampled from the intestinal lumen, and in regulating the formation of follicle-associated epithelium and M cells in Peyer's patches by converting intestitial enterocytes into M cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009016 intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002253 epithelial cell of large intestine An intestinal stem cell that is located in the large intestine crypt of Liberkuhn. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the large intestine and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009017 intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002254 epithelial cell of small intestine An intestinal stem cell that is located in the small intestine crypt of Liberkuhn. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the small intestine and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009018 lymphocyte of large intestine lamina propria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte A lymphocyte that resides in the lamina propria of the large intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009019 nephrogenic zone cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002681 kidney cortical cell A kidney cortical cell that is part of the nephrogenic zone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010017 zygote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell A zygote in a plant or an animal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011027 skeletal muscle fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001609 muscle fibroblast Any fibroblast that is part of skeletal muscle tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019020 extrahepatic cholangiocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000488 cholangiocyte An epithelial cell of the extrahepatic bile ducts, including the left and right hepatic duct, common hepatic duct, and common bile duct. They are columnar in shape, and have a large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio relative to small/intrahepatic cholangiocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019021 endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000398 endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid An endothelial cell found in the periportal region hepatic sinusoid, near the portal triad. The fenestrae of these cells are larger but fewer in number compared with those of endothelial cells near the centrilobular region of the hepatic sinusoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019022 endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000398 endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid An endothelial cell found in the centrilobular region hepatic sinusoid, near the central vein. The fenestrae of these cells are smaller but more numerous compared with those of endothelial cells near the periportal region of the hepatic sinusoid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4006000 fibroblast of breast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast A fibroblast that is part of the breast. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4006001 fibroblast of skin of scalp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast A fibroblast that is part of the skin of scalp. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8410024 intestinal junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1100000 digestive tract junction An anatomical junction between two parts of the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_1100000 digestive tract junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007651 anatomical junction An anatomical junction between two parts of the digestive tract. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140639 positive regulation of pyroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043068 positive regulation of programmed cell death Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of pyroptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140650 radial glia-guided pyramidal neuron migration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001764 neuron migration The radial migration of a pyramidal neuron along radial glial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009052 smooth muscle cell of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000279 smooth muscle cell of large intestine A smooth muscle cell that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009059 plasma cell of medullary sinus of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000786 plasma cell A plasma cell that is located in the medullary sinus of the lymph node. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009061 intestinal crypt stem cell of anorectum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002253 epithelial cell of large intestine An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the anorectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031309 skin cyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031310 abnormal cyst presence of one or more abnormal membranous sacs in any portion of the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0160028 negative regulation of pyroptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043069 negative regulation of programmed cell death Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of pyroptosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8480024 skin of sacral region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001415 skin of pelvis A zone of skin that is part of the sacral region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030034 respiratory ciliated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure A ciliated cell of the respiratory system. Ciliated cells are present in airway epithelium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030035 dental pulp stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002148 dental pulp cell A dental pulp cell that possesses stem-cell-like qualities, including self-renewal capability and multi-lineage differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030040 endometrial ciliated epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure A ciliated cell of the endometrial epithelium. The cilia of this cell type help move mucus from glandular tissue of the endometrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033003 myoepithelial cell of bronchus submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A(n) myoepithelial cell that is part of a(n) bronchus submucosal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033005 serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019001 tracheobronchial serous cell A(n) serous secreting cell that is part of a(n) bronchus submucosal gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033006 endothelial cell of efferent lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) efferent lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033007 brush cell of epithelium of lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002208 brush cell of bronchus A(n) brush cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033008 vein endothelial cell of respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002543 vein endothelial cell A(n) vein endothelial cell that is part of a(n) respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033009 goblet cell of epithelium of lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000312 bronchial goblet cell A(n) goblet cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033010 neuroendocrine cell of epithelium of lobar bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000223 lung neuroendocrine cell A(n) neuroendocrine cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033011 smooth muscle cell of large intestine smooth muscle circular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000279 smooth muscle cell of large intestine A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) large intestine smooth muscle circular layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033012 smooth muscle cell of large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000279 smooth muscle cell of large intestine A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033037 mucus secreting cell of tracheobronchial tree submucosal gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002202 epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree A mucus secreting cell of a submucosal gland of the tracheobronchial tree. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014239 abnormal intracellular organelle morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000358 abnormal cell morphology any anomaly in the structure of the organized components of distincive morphology and function that occur within a cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014241 abnormal intracellular organelle physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005621 abnormal cell physiology any functional anomaly in the organized components of distincive morphology and function that occur within a cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031575 atrioventricular valve stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of either one or both of the atrioventricular valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031577 decreased heart atrium size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031576 abnormal heart atrium size reduced average size of either one or both of the heart atria compared to the average for a particular population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031585 semilunar valve stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002746 abnormal semilunar valve morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of either one or both of the semilunar valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036145 glymphatic system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Macroscopic waste clearance system that utilizes a unique system of perivascular tunnels, formed by astroglial cells, to promote efficient elimination of soluble proteins and metabolites from the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106001 intestinal hexose absorption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050892 intestinal absorption Uptake of hexoses, notably D-glucose, fructose, and galactose, into the blood by absorption from the small intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120040 regulation of macrophage proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070663 regulation of leukocyte proliferation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120041 positive regulation of macrophage proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120040 regulation of macrophage proliferation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120042 negative regulation of macrophage proliferation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120040 regulation of macrophage proliferation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020444 abnormal intestine apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010155 abnormal intestine physiology change in the timing or the number of intestinal cells undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110053 regulation of actin filament organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032956 regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament organization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0120116 glucagon processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016486 peptide hormone processing The formation of mature glucagon by proteolysis of the precursor proglucagon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110088 hippocampal neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051402 neuron apoptotic process Any apoptotic process that occurs in a hippocampal neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110089 regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043523 regulation of neuron apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110090 positive regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110089 regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110091 negative regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110089 regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139589 retinoid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29067 carboxylic acid anion A carboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any retinoid carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020552 abnormal stria medullaris morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000840 abnormal epithalamus morphology any structural anomaly of a bundle of afferent fibers that form a ridge over the thalamus and project from the telensephalon to the habenular nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020553 abnormal stria medullaris size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020552 abnormal stria medullaris morphology a deviation from the normal size of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020554 decreased stria medullaris size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020553 abnormal stria medullaris size decrease in the size of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020555 increased stria medullaris size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020553 abnormal stria medullaris size increase in the size of the stria medullaris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020556 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020872 abnormal hypothalamic nucleus morphology any structural anomaly of a circumscript ovoid group of small neurons in the medial zone of the tuberal region of the hypothalamus delineated by a narrow, cell-sparse zone; this region regulates feeding, fear, thermoregulation and sexual activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020557 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020556 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus morphology a deviation from the normal size of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020558 decreased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020557 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus size decrease in the size of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020559 increased ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020557 abnormal ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus size increase in the size of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020560 abnormal pontine nuclei morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology any structural anomaly of nuclei in the basal pons, intermingled among the descending axons from the cortex, that receive neocortcial input and give rise to many axons that cross the midline to enter the contralateral cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020561 abnormal pontine nuclei size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020560 abnormal pontine nuclei morphology a deviation from the normal size of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020562 decreased pontine nuclei size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020561 abnormal pontine nuclei size a decrease in the size of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020563 increased pontine nuclei size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020561 abnormal pontine nuclei size an increase in the size of the pontine nuclei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020564 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000848 abnormal pons morphology any structural anomaly of the fiber pathway in the metencephalon that project from the pons to the contralateral cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020565 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020564 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers morphology a deviation from the normal size of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020566 decreased pontocerebellar fibers size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020565 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers size decrease in the size of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020567 increased pontocerebellar fibers size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020565 abnormal pontocerebellar fibers size increase in the size of the pontocerebellar fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020568 abnormal premotor cortex morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000788 abnormal cerebral cortex morphology any structural anomaly of the part of the motor cortex that receives projections from the motor thalamus and which projects to motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord; the premotor cortex influences movements of the face, neck and trunk, and upper and lower extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020569 abnormal premotor cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020568 abnormal premotor cortex morphology any deviation from the normal size of the premotor cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020570 decreased premotor cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020569 abnormal premotor cortex size decrease in the size of the premotor cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020571 increased premotor cortex size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020569 abnormal premotor cortex size increase in the size of the premotor cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030558 absent nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002251 abnormal nasopharynx morphology failure to form the section of the pharynx that lies above the soft palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030559 abnormal dental pulp canal morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013250 abnormal dental pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the dental pulp cavity within the root of a tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030560 enlarged dental pulp canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030559 abnormal dental pulp canal morphology increased size of the portion of the dental pulp cavity within the root of a tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030561 abnormal dental pulp chamber morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013250 abnormal dental pulp morphology any structural anomaly of the portion of the dental pulp cavity within the crown of a tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030562 enlarged dental pulp chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030561 abnormal dental pulp chamber morphology increased size of the portion of the dental pulp cavity within the crown of a tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030563 detached periodontal ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003668 abnormal periodontal ligament morphology partial or complete loss of attachment of the periodontal ligament to the cementum covering the root of a tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062033 positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033047 regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation Any process that starts or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid segregation during mitosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030572 abnormal pilosebaceous unit morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010678 abnormal skin adnexa morphology any structural anomaly of an epidermal invagination consisting of hair, hair follicle, arrector pili muscle and sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030820 abnormal pectoral girdle joint morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030804 abnormal synovial joint morphology any structural anomaly of any synovial joint that is part of a pectoral girdle region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030621 abnormal cysteine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3; the thiol side chain in cysteine is susceptible to oxidation to give the disulfide derivative cystine, which serves an important structural role in many proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030668 decreased circulating proline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030666 abnormal circulating proline level reduction in the amount per unit of blood of proline, an alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2; proline is a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030628 increased methylmalonic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030627 abnormal methylmalonic acid level increase in the amount of methylmalonic acid, a dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030737 decreased glutamic acid level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030735 abnormal glutamic acid level reduction in the amount of glutamic acid (2-aminopentanedioic acid), a non-essential alpha-amino used in the biosynthesis of proteins; its anion form, glutamate, is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system and also serves as the metabolic precursor of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030693 abnormal circulating serine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030690 abnormal serine level anomaly in the amount per unit of blood of serine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, a non-essential alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030831 abnormal glenoid fossa morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000149 abnormal scapula morphology any structural anomaly of the shallow, pyriform articular surface located on the lateral angle of the scapula; it is directed laterally and forward and articulates with the head of the humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0062094 stomach development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stomach over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The stomach is an expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030761 increased adrenaline level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003962 abnormal adrenaline level greater than the normal amount of adrenaline, a catecholamine hormone that stimulates the adrenergic receptors and that causes systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the heart, and dilates bronchi and cerebral vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030966 decreased brain ependyma motile cilium number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011056 abnormal brain ependyma motile cilium morphology reduced number of the tiny, motile hair-like projections from the epithelial cells that line the ventricles in the brain, which beat in concert to move cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_3000000 ciliated epithelial cell of esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002252 epithelial cell of esophagus A ciliated epithelial cell of the esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_3000004 peripheral sensory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000032 peripheral nervous system neuron Peripheral sensory neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037144 wall of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Wall of organ which has as its parts the endocardium, myocardium , epicardium, and the cardiac septum, surrounded by the pericardial sac proper and is continuous with the walls of the systemic and pulmonary arterial and venous trees. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0010006 cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology A quality of a single cell inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070010 stellate morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0070026 multipolar neuron morphology A cell morphology that inheres in neurons that have dendritic processes radiating from the cell body forming a star-like shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023070 caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023064 caudal ganglionic eminence derived interneuron A GABAergic cortical interneuron that develops from the caudal ganglionic eminence and has migrated to the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009045 B cell of medullary sinus of lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000236 B cell A B cell found in the lymph node medullary sinus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009084 epithelial cell of endometrial gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of an endometrial gland. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009086 endothelial cell of respiratory system lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell An endothelial cell that is part of a respiratory system lymphatic vessel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009092 endothelial cell of placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002577 placental epithelial cell An endothelial cell that is part of a placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009093 smooth muscle cell of placenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000192 smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of a placenta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009094 endothelial cell of hepatic portal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell An endothelial cell that is part of a hepatic portal vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0009095 endothelial cell of uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 endothelial cell An endothelial cell that is part of a uterus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030001 stromal cell of thymus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure A stromal cell that is part of the thymus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8440011 cortical visual area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035014 functional part of brain The part of the cortex that is responsible for processing visual information. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031441 increased periocular mesenchyme apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030325 abnormal periocular mesenchyme apoptosis increase in the number of cells of the periocular mesenchyme undergoing programmed cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023074 mammillary body neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron A neuron that has its soma located in the mammillary body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140979 intracellular nucleotide homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055082 intracellular chemical homeostasis A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of nucleotides within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_194548 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33567 catecholamine A catecholamine in which the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted at C-1 and methylated on nitrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014236 increased tumor-free survival time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014235 abnormal tumor-free survival time increase in the length of time an organism or population of organisms spends free from the signs, symptoms, or occurrence of neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014237 decreased tumor-free survival time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014235 abnormal tumor-free survival time decrease in the length of time an organism or population of organisms spends free from the signs, symptoms, or occurrence of neoplasms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014267 decreased sex gland secretion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002779 abnormal sex gland secretion a reduction in the production and/or release of hormones from a cell or a gland of the reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030066 ureteric bud cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure An epithelial cell that is part of a ureteric bud. A ureteric bud cell has the potential to induce metanephric mesenchymal cells to proliferate and convert to epithelia that form renal tubules via: (1) the secretion of multiple diffusible growth factors that rescue renal progenitors from apoptosis and stimulate them to proliferate and (2) contact-dependent mechanisms that induce mesenchymal-epithelial conversion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033057 luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011026 progenitor cell A luminal epithelial cell of the mammary gland that can proliferate and has the potential to differentiate into a lactocyte during pregnancy. In humans, a luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell can be identified by high levels of the markers EpCAM and CD49f, and in mice it can be identified by low levels of CD29 and high levels of CD14, Kit, CD61, and Tspan8. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_8600024 pulmonary venule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005194 thoracic vein A venule that is part of a lung and drains oxygenated blood from pulmonary capillaries. A pulmonary venule merges into a pulmonary vein branch that runs in the pulmonary interlobular septa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031560 decreased ganglioside level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012231 abnormal ganglioside level reduction in the concentration of the molecule composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids linked on the sugar chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031561 increased ganglioside level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012231 abnormal ganglioside level increase in the concentration of the molecule composed of a glycosphingolipid (ceramide and oligosaccharide) with one or more sialic acids linked on the sugar chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031562 abnormal heart atrium shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003105 abnormal heart atrium morphology any anomaly in the characteristic surface outline or contour of one or both heart atria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031563 pulmonary valve hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010600 enlarged pulmonary valve increase in the bulk size of the pulmonary valve due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031564 mitral valve hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010618 enlarged mitral valve increase in the bulk size of the mitral valve due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031566 small aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031582 small semilunar valve a decrease in the total area occupied by the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031567 aortic valve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031583 semilunar valve hypoplasia decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the aortic valve, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031568 aortic valve hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031581 semilunar valve hyperplasia increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the aortic valve, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031569 aortic valve hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010591 enlarged aortic valve increase in the bulk size of the aortic valve due to cell enlargement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031571 atrioventricular valve hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031570 enlarged atrioventricular valve increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in either one or both of the atrioventricular valves, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031572 small atrioventricular valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002745 abnormal atrioventricular valve morphology a decrease in the total area occupied by either one or both of the atrioventricular valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031581 semilunar valve hyperplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031580 enlarged semilunar valve increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in either one or both of the semilunar valves, typically resulting in increased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031582 small semilunar valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002746 abnormal semilunar valve morphology a decrease in the total area occupied by either one or both of the semilunar valves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031583 semilunar valve hypoplasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031582 small semilunar valve decrease in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in either one or both of the semilunar valves, typically resulting in decreased size http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031586 perivascular cardiac fibrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011749 perivascular fibrosis deposition of fibrous connective tissue in spaces surrounding blood vessels in the heart, often resulting from inflammation or injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6000002 arthropod tagma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis One of the main divisions of the whole organism of arthropods formed from groups of segments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6000137 embryonic tagma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6000002 arthropod tagma Any tagma (UBERON:6000002) that is part of some embryo (UBERON:6000052). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6001728 insect larval tagma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6000002 arthropod tagma Any tagma (UBERON:6000002) that is part of some larva (UBERON:6001727). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6001730 insect larval head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 head Any head that is part of some larva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6002639 insect larval sense organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ Any sense organ that is part of some larva. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6003005 insect adult tagma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6000002 arthropod tagma Any tagma (UBERON:6000002) that is part of some adult (UBERON:6003004). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6003007 insect adult head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6003005 insect adult tagma Head of the adult organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6007240 insect embryonic/larval sensillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6002639 insect larval sense organ Any sensillum (UBERON:6007152) that is part of some larva (UBERON:6001727). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6007242 insect embryonic/larval head sensillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6007280 insect embryonic/larval head sense organ Any sensillum (UBERON:6007152) that is part of some larval head (UBERON:6001730). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6007280 insect embryonic/larval head sense organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_6002639 insect larval sense organ Any sense organ (UBERON:6005155) that is part of some larval head (UBERON:6001730). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061900 glial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 cell activation A change in morphology and behavior of a glial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061919 process utilizing autophagic mechanism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A cellular process involving delivery of a portion of the cytoplasm to lysosomes or to the plant or fungal vacuole that does not involve direct transport through the endocytic or vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) pathways. This process typically leads to degradation of the cargo; however, it can also be used to deliver resident proteins, such as in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036217 coelomic fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid A bodily fluid that is located in the coelom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036242 post-embryonic notochord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002328 notochord A notochord that has persisted beyond the embryonic stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036243 vaginal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Fluid that lines the vaginal walls that consists of multiple secretions that collect in the vagina from different glands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036262 uterine ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure Any of the eight ligaments pertaining to the uterus including the anterior, posterior, lateral, sacro-uterine and round ligaments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110112 regulation of lipid transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032409 regulation of transporter activity Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lipid transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110114 negative regulation of lipid transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110112 regulation of lipid transporter activity Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of lipid transporter activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140244 regulation of translation at presynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140243 regulation of translation at synapse Any process that regulates translation occurring at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030610 absent teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030608 decreased tooth number absence of all of the bony structures of the upper and lower jaws used in mastication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030690 abnormal serine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005332 abnormal amino acid level anomaly in the amount of serine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, a non-essential alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group; serine participates in the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines, is the precursor to glycine and cysteine and to numerous metabolites including sphingolipids and folate, and is often a hydrogen donor in enzymes, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, playing a key role in their function as catalysts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030636 decreased taurine level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030634 abnormal taurine level reduction in the amount of taurine, an amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid; taurine is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030602 decreased circulating manganese level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0030600 abnormal circulating manganese level less than the normal concentration of manganese in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106214 regulation of vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903358 regulation of Golgi organization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106215 negative regulation of vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106214 regulation of vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fustion with Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106216 positive regulation of vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0106214 regulation of vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0140358 P-type transmembrane transporter activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042626 ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity Primary active transporter that auto-phosphorylates (hence P) at a key conserved aspartate residue, generating a conformational change that allows transport of the substrate. Hydrolysis of the phosphorylated Asp residue, catalyzed by the actuator (A) domain, results in another state with occluded substrates. Upon dissociation of Mg2+ and inorganic phosphate (Pi), the enzyme reverts to the initial state, in which the counter-transported substrate is released into the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150106 regulation of protein localization to cell-cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032880 regulation of protein localization Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell-cell junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150107 positive regulation of protein localization to cell-cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0150106 regulation of protein localization to cell-cell junction Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell-cell junction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_155837 tripeptide zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60466 peptide zwitterion A peptide zwitterion obtained from the tranfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group of any tripeptide. It contains an equal number of positively-charged and negatively-charged functional groups. Major structure at pH 7.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031154 intestinal hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000465 gastrointestinal hemorrhage bleeding into any segment of the small intestine and/or the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031156 large intestine hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031154 intestinal hemorrhage bleeding into any segment the large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031162 abnormal vagina physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003699 abnormal female reproductive system physiology any functional anomaly of the fibromuscular tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body; it serves as a passageway for cervical mucus, menstrual fluid and other secretions out of the body; during sexual intercourse, it receives the penis and ejaculate, assisting in its transport to the uterus; during the birth process, it expands to provide a channel for delivery of a newborn from the uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031169 abnormal joint physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001533 abnormal skeleton physiology any functional anomaly of any moveable articulation point of two or more bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031170 abnormal vasculature physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001544 abnormal cardiovascular system physiology any functional anomaly of any blood and/or lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031117 subdural hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001915 intracranial hemorrhage bleeding into the subdural space, the potential space between the dura and arachnoid mater of the meninges around the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031118 cardiovalvulitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011926 abnormal heart valve physiology local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in one or more valves of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031119 pulmonary cavitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001175 abnormal lung morphology presence of an abnormal gas-filled space within a zone of pulmonary consolidation or within a pulmonary mass or nodule appearing as a lucency or low-attenuation area on plain chest radiography or computed tomography; a pulmonary cavity may contain a fluid level and is surrounded by a wall, usually of varied thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031120 decreased susceptibility to induced thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020408 abnormal susceptibility to induced thrombosis decreased frequency, rate or severity of thrombus formation following stimulation of thrombosis by an external agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031121 increased susceptibility to induced thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020408 abnormal susceptibility to induced thrombosis increased frequency, rate or severity of thrombus formation following stimulation of thrombosis by an external agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031122 areflexia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001961 abnormal reflex complete absence or loss of neurological reflexes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031123 abnormal anterior longitudinal ligament morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005504 abnormal ligament morphology any structural anomaly of the strong, broad fibrous band that covers and connects the anterolateral aspects of the vertebral bodies and intervertebral (IV) discs; this ligament extends from the pelvic surface of the sacrum to the anterior tubercle of vertebra C1 (atlas) and the occipital bone anterior to the foramen magnum; it prevents hyperflexion of the vertebral column, maintaining stability of the joints between the vertebral bodies; it is the only ligament that limits extension; all other ligaments of the vertebral column, like the IV ligaments, limit forms of flexion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031124 aortic valve inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031118 cardiovalvulitis local accumulation of fluid, plasma proteins, and leukocytes in the aortic valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031125 aspiration pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001861 lung inflammation pneumonia occurring after abnormal entry of material from the oral cavity or upper gastrointestinal tract into the lungs through the larynx; aspirated material can include saliva, nasopharyngeal secretions, bacteria, liquids, toxic substances, food, or gastric contents; can result in pulmonary complications by way of chemical pneumonitis, bacterial infection, or mechanical obstruction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031126 gangrene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000316 cellular necrosis necrosis or death of soft tissue due to lack of blood flow resulting from injury, infection or other conditions that affect blood circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031127 dry gangrene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031126 gangrene a form of coagulative necrosis that develops in ischemic tissue, where the blood supply is inadequate to keep tissue viable, in the absence of superimposed microbial infection; can be due to peripheral artery disease or acute limb ischemia; the affected body part is dry, shrunken, and dark reddish-black and can fall off (autoamputate) if not removed surgically http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031128 cardiovascular shunt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002128 abnormal blood circulation an abnormal communication (shunt) between the right and left sides of the heart or between the systemic and pulmonary vessels, allowing blood to flow directly from one circulatory system to the other; blood can either be shunted from the systemic circulation to pulmonary circulation (i.e. left-to-right shunt) or between the pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation (i.e. right-to-left shunt); rarely, the shunted blood returns to the same cardiac chamber without traversing a capillary bed (i.e. circular shunt); most commonly shunts are the result of congenital heart disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031129 left-to-right shunt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031128 cardiovascular shunt a left-to-right shunt allows the oxygenated, pulmonary venous blood to return directly to the lungs rather than being pumped to the body thereby reducing the cardiac output by the amount of the shunted volume; as a result, tissue oxygen delivery is reduced http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031130 right-to-left shunt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031128 cardiovascular shunt a right-to-left shunt allows the deoxygenated, systemic venous return to bypass the lungs and return directly to the systemic arterial circulation; the oxygen content of the systemic arterial blood falls in proportion to the volume of systemic venous blood mixing with the normal pulmonary venous return; with reduced oxygen content, even with normal cardiac output, tissue oxygen delivery falls and the work capacity of muscles is limited http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031131 myocardial fiber disarray http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002190 disorganized myocardium loss of the normal parallel alignment of cardiac myocytes, whereby adjacent myocytes are arranged obliquely or perpendicularly to each other around foci of interstitial collagen (plexiform fibrosis) in a pinwheel or herringbone pattern; disarray is characterized by regions of architectural disorganization of hypertrophied myocytes and distinct nuclear changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031132 increased artery tortuosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002191 abnormal artery morphology increase in the degree of twisting of one or more arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031133 increased aorta tortuosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031132 increased artery tortuosity increase in the degree of twisting of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031134 increased carotid artery tortuosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031132 increased artery tortuosity increase in the degree of twisting of the common carotid artery and/or any of its arterial branches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031135 increased coronary artery tortuosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031132 increased artery tortuosity increase in the degree of twisting of any of the arteries that branch from the ascending aorta to supply blood to the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031136 muscle hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002106 abnormal muscle physiology bleeding into one or more muscles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031137 vaginal hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031162 abnormal vagina physiology bleeding into the vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031138 testicular hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004884 abnormal testis physiology bleeding into one or both testes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031139 abnormal retina artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010097 abnormal retina blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of the central retinal artery that branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball; this artery provides the majority of the retinal arterial supply except for the layer of cones and rods; it splits into multiple terminal branches within the ninth layer of retina, which then comprise a cobweb of retinal arterioles and capillaries that nourishes the inner retinal layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031140 increased retina artery tortuosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031141 increased retina vascular tortuosity increase in the degree of twisting of the retinal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031141 increased retina vascular tortuosity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010097 abnormal retina blood vessel morphology increase in the degree of twisting of any of the retinal blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031142 retina artery stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031139 abnormal retina artery morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of the retinal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031143 retina artery occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031139 abnormal retina artery morphology blockage of the retinal artery, generally associated with interruption of blood flow and oxygen delivery to the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031144 abnormal retina arteriole morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010097 abnormal retina blood vessel morphology any structural anomaly of any of the retinal arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031145 retina arteriole stenosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031144 abnormal retina arteriole morphology abnormal narrowing or constriction of any of the retinal arterioles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031146 retina arteriole occlusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031144 abnormal retina arteriole morphology blockage of any of the retinal arterioles, generally associated with interruption of blood flow and oxygen delivery to affected regions of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031147 abnormal ventricular thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020409 abnormal cardiac thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi in the ventricles of the heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031148 abnormal liver sinusoidal endothelial cell morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0008989 abnormal liver sinusoid morphology any structural anomaly of the endothelial cells that line the hepatic sinusoids, constituting the sinusoidal wall; these represent the most abundant non-parenchymal hepatic cell population, are characterized by the presence of fenestrae clustered in sieve plates and lacking a basement membrane, play roles in filtration, endocytosis, antigen presentation and leukocyte recruitment, and in combination with Kupffer cells, constitute a scavenger system in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031149 abnormal susceptibility to thrombosis induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020408 abnormal susceptibility to induced thrombosis differences from the expected moribund state caused by thrombus formation following stimulation of thrombosis by an external agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031150 decreased susceptibility to thrombosis induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031149 abnormal susceptibility to thrombosis induced morbidity/mortality reduced likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by thrombus formation following stimulation of thrombosis by an external agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031151 increased susceptibility to thrombosis induced morbidity/mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031149 abnormal susceptibility to thrombosis induced morbidity/mortality increased likelihood that an organism will display the expected moribund state caused by thrombus formation following stimulation of thrombosis by an external agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031152 subcutaneous hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010680 abnormal skin adnexa physiology bleeding below the skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031153 stomach hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000465 gastrointestinal hemorrhage bleeding into the stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031155 small intestine hemorrhage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031154 intestinal hemorrhage bleeding into any segment of the small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031157 abnormal arterial thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of thrombi inside one or more arteries, causing the obstruction of blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031158 abnormal venous thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of thrombi inside one or more veins, causing the obstruction of blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031159 abnormal hepatic portal vein thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031158 abnormal venous thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of thrombi inside the hepatic portal vein and/or its tributaries, which include the splenic vein and the superior and inferior mesenteric veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031160 abnormal cerebral venous thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031158 abnormal venous thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of thrombi inside any cerebral vein, causing the obstruction of blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031161 abnormal kidney venous thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031158 abnormal venous thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of thrombi inside any kidney venous blood vessel, causing the obstruction of blood flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031163 abnormal circulating von Willebrand factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005416 abnormal circulating protein level any anomaly in the blood level of the large multimeric glycoprotein produced by vascular endothelial cells and megakaryocytes that chaperones blood coagulation cofactor factor VIII and tethers platelets to the injured blood vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031164 decreased circulating von Willebrand factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031163 abnormal circulating von Willebrand factor level reduced blood level of the large multimeric glycoprotein produced by vascular endothelial cells and megakaryocytes that chaperones blood coagulation cofactor factor VIII and tethers platelets to the injured blood vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031165 increased circulating von Willebrand factor level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031163 abnormal circulating von Willebrand factor level elevated blood level of the large multimeric glycoprotein produced by vascular endothelial cells and megakaryocytes that chaperones blood coagulation cofactor factor VIII and tethers platelets to the injured blood vessel wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031166 abnormal aortic valve commissure morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002747 abnormal aortic valve morphology any structural anomaly of the space or area between each anchored aortic valve leaflet to the aortic wall; the aortic valve is composed of 3 commissures that act as support to the base structure of the cusps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031167 abnormal lung thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi within the blood vessel network of the lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031168 abnormal brain thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005048 abnormal thrombosis any anomaly in the formation or presence of one or more thrombi within the blood vessel network of the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031171 abnormal circulating zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020893 abnormal zinc level any anomaly in the blood concentration of zinc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031172 decreased circulating zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031171 abnormal circulating zinc level less than the normal concentration of zinc in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031173 increased circulating zinc level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031171 abnormal circulating zinc level greater than the normal concentration of zinc in the blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031174 decreased mammary duct terminal end bud number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013782 abnormal mammary duct terminal end bud morphology reduced number of unique club-shaped epithelial structures formed at the tip of the mammary duct at the onset of puberty (approximately 3 weeks of age in mouse) under the action of circulating hormones; normally, TEBs proliferate, ramify, and actively invade the fad pad to allow the formation of a complex branching structure; this process of branching morphogenesis concludes at about 10-12 weeks of age in mouse, when TEBs have traversed the length of the fat pad and a fully developed ductal tree has formed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031175 increased mammary duct terminal end bud number http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013782 abnormal mammary duct terminal end bud morphology greater number of unique club-shaped epithelial structures formed at the tip of the mammary duct at the onset of puberty (approximately 3 weeks of age in mouse) under the action of circulating hormones; normally, TEBs proliferate, ramify, and actively invade the fad pad to allow the formation of a complex branching structure; this process of branching morphogenesis concludes at about 10-12 weeks of age in mouse, when TEBs have traversed the length of the fat pad and a fully developed ductal tree has formed; increase in TEBs is often associated with increased ductal outgrowth and branching morphogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031176 abnormal Descemet membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0004284 abnormal Descemet membrane morphology anomaly in the thickness of the transparent homogeneous acellular layer found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031177 decreased Descemet membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031176 abnormal Descemet membrane thickness reduced thickness of the transparent homogeneous acellular layer found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031178 increased Descemet membrane thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031176 abnormal Descemet membrane thickness increased thickness of the transparent homogeneous acellular layer found between the substantia propria and the endothelial layer of the cornea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031179 abnormal brain blood flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000233 abnormal blood flow velocity aberrant rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031180 decreased brain blood flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031179 abnormal brain blood flow rate reduced rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031181 increased brain blood flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031179 abnormal brain blood flow rate elevated rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031182 abnormal cerebral blood flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031179 abnormal brain blood flow rate aberrant rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031183 decreased cerebral blood flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031182 abnormal cerebral blood flow rate reduced rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031184 increased cerebral blood flow rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031182 abnormal cerebral blood flow rate elevated rate of blood flow in the blood vessels supplying the cerebral hemispheres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031185 sudden unexpected death in epilepsy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002083 premature death sudden, unexpected death in an organism displaying seizures resulting from a persistent epileptogenic abnormality of the brain, with or without evidence for a seizure immediately preceding the death, in which there is no evidence of other disease, injury, or drowning that caused the death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031186 abnormal retina horizontal cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006068 abnormal retina horizontal cell morphology any anomaly of the density of the laterally interconnecting neurons in the outer plexiform layer of the retina that connect rods of one part of the retina with cones in another part of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031187 decreased retina horizontal cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031186 abnormal retina horizontal cell density decrease of the density of the laterally interconnecting neurons in the outer plexiform layer of the retina that connect rods of one part of the retina with cones in another part of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031188 increased retina horizontal cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031186 abnormal retina horizontal cell density increase of the density of the laterally interconnecting neurons in the outer plexiform layer of the retina that connect rods of one part of the retina with cones in another part of the retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031189 abnormal retina rod bipolar cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0006074 abnormal retina rod bipolar cell morphology any anomaly of the density of the bipolar cells that function in low light and transmit signals only through amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031190 decreased retina rod bipolar cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031189 abnormal retina rod bipolar cell density decrease of the density of the bipolar cells that function in low light and transmit signals only through amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031191 increased retina rod bipolar cell density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031189 abnormal retina rod bipolar cell density increase of the density of the bipolar cells that function in low light and transmit signals only through amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031192 coronary artery spasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000249 abnormal blood vessel physiology a multi-factorial, transient, and abrupt reduction of luminal diameter of an epicardial coronary artery due to inappropriate constriction of coronary smooth muscle that can generate distal ischemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031193 pulmonary arterial medial hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000484 abnormal pulmonary artery morphology increase in mass of the tunica media of the arteries in the pulmonary circulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031194 abnormal testicular artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011655 abnormal systemic artery morphology any structural anomaly of either of a paired branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031195 decreased testicular artery wall-to-lumen ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031194 abnormal testicular artery morphology a decrease in the ratio of vascular wall thickness to luminal diameter in the testicular artery compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031196 increased testicular artery wall-to-lumen ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031194 abnormal testicular artery morphology an increase in the ratio of vascular wall thickness to luminal diameter in the testicular artery compared to controls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031197 calcified testicular artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031194 abnormal testicular artery morphology pathologic deposition of calcium salts in the testicular artery, a branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies blood to the testis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031198 retina inner nuclear layer degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003733 abnormal retina inner nuclear layer morphology a retrogressive impairment or destruction of the retinal layer that contains the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031199 decreased aortic weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002845 abnormal aortic weight decrease in the average weight of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031200 increased aortic weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002845 abnormal aortic weight increase in the average weight of the aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031201 hemiparesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000754 paresis mild loss of strength in the limb(s) and sometimes face on one side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031202 hemiplegia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000753 paralysis severe or complete loss of muscle function (paralysis) in the limb(s) and in some cases the face on one side of the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031203 forelimb paresis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000754 paresis mild loss of strength in one or both of the forelimbs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031205 decreased circulating phytosterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010075 abnormal circulating phytosterol level decrease in the amount of phytosterols in the blood; commonly ingested phytosterols include beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031206 hypolipidemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003949 abnormal circulating lipid level abnormally low concentration of lipids in the circulating blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031207 decreased lymphocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011826 abnormal lymphocyte chemotaxis reduction in the directed movement of a lymphocyte in response to an external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031208 increased lymphocyte chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011826 abnormal lymphocyte chemotaxis increase in the directed movement of a lymphocyte in response to an external stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031209 enlarged cauda epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002662 abnormal cauda epididymis morphology increase in the average size of the tail of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031210 small cauda epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002662 abnormal cauda epididymis morphology decrease in the average size of the tail of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031211 small corpus epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0002661 abnormal corpus epididymis morphology decrease in the average size of the body of the epididymis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0011030 dermal microvascular endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000010 dermis blood vessel endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of the dermis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031458 absent palate bones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009891 abnormal palate bone morphology absence of both the maxillary and palatine shelves that comprise the bones of the hard palate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0031504 increased mouth width http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0009881 increased mouth size increased side-to-side or lateral distance of the mouth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27216 urate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46818 urate anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22881 biopterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26375 pterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25500 neopterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26375 pterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37038 purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37075 ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37045 purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37076 ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35570 mancude organic heterobicyclic parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35571 mancude organic heterocyclic parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35875 imidazopyrimidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36078 cholanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341 steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46767 pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23230 chromanes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38443 1-benzopyran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36887 18-oxo steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35789 oxo steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35740 liposaccharide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33408 pnictogen oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33302 pnictogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33484 chalcogen oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38222 hydrocarbyl anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36477 sulfoglycosphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36526 acidic glycosphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50320 nucleoside residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50319 nucleotide residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51447 organic univalent group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51446 organic divalent group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33247 organic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24961 ketoaldonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33721 carbohydrate acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22495 aminobenzoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22723 benzoic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35237 cysteine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35238 amino acid zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_132943 aspartate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27092 tricarboxylic acid trianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38717 carboxylic acid trianion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36299 tricarboxylic acid monoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35753 tricarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36853 hydroxy seco-steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35350 hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29075 mononucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976 nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46723 phosphate mineral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46662 mineral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36235 bile acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22506 aminoglycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30353 isopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36830 monoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22563 anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35155 elemental calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22985 calcium molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35156 calcium salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36364 alkaline earth salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33429 monoatomic monoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36830 monoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25414 monoatomic monocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23906 monoatomic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30412 monoatomic dication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23906 monoatomic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52211 physiological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52625 inorganic hydroxy compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24835 inorganic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33461 phosphorus oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33459 pnictogen oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24836 inorganic oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25741 oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33260 elemental hydrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33608 hydrogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33242 inorganic hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33692 hydrides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33262 elemental oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24868 organic salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866 salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35479 alkali metal salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36364 alkaline earth salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33504 alkali metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25213 metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33513 alkaline earth cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26833 sulfur atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23014 carbon oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25703 organic phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26079 phosphoric acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37246 elemental sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26712 sodium molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38700 organic sodium salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24868 organic salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33251 monoatomic hydrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33260 elemental hydrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33433 monoatomic halogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33238 monoatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33861 transition element coordination entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33497 transition element molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35507 natural product fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33245 organic fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35552 heterocyclic organic fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33245 organic fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35573 organic mancude parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35568 mancude ring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33434 elemental halogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33459 pnictogen oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35406 oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35881 pnictogen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33242 inorganic hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36902 chalcogen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33242 inorganic hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33485 chalcogen oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35406 oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27363 zinc atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33340 zinc group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33561 d-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27081 transition element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33836 benzenoid aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33663 cyclic hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24632 hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23377 copper molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33745 copper group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33655 aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51958 organic polycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33635 polycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35344 21-hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35350 hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36841 11-hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35350 hydroxy steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23966 estrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35508 steroid fundamental parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35722 sulfated glycosaminoglycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18085 glycosaminoglycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26079 phosphoric acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36359 phosphorus oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36961 chalcocarbonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37863 chalcoperoxol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30052 copper(0) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37404 elemental copper http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33241 oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25355 mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38497 respiratory-chain inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50326 sulfanylmethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50340 3-carbamimidamidopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24712 hydroxymethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50329 2-carboxyethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50336 4-hydroxybenzyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50331 3-amino-3-oxopropyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50337 1H-indol-3-ylmethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50338 1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50341 1-hydroxyethyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50325 proteinogenic amino-acid side-chain group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33455 nitrogen oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33408 pnictogen oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35106 nitrogen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35881 pnictogen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33458 nitrogen oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33459 pnictogen oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_146291 11-HPETE(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59720 HPETE anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32859 valinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37834 (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37835 alkatetraene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39123 calcium cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33513 alkaline earth cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013948 intraembryonal intestine elongation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010158 abnormal intestine development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011510 biventricular, discordant atrioventricular connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010435 abnormal heart atrium and ventricle connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0011511 biventricular, ambiguous atrioventricular connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010435 abnormal heart atrium and ventricle connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013989 symmetric hepatic veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0010439 abnormal hepatic vein morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_124129 Acipenserinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7900 Acipenseridae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035005 preputial swelling of male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035004 preputial swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2301119 Rhabditomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2301116 Rhabditina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_55879 Rhabditoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2301119 Rhabditomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035846 fibrous enthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035845 enthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035847 fibrocartilage enthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035845 enthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010394 lymphocyte domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010001 cell cluster organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011234 fibrous membrane of synovial tendon sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011860 collection of collagen fibrils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013399 blood vessel layer of choroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000068 qualitative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002016 magnitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000068 qualitative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002062 physical quality of a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001236 process quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002290 aplastic/hypoplastic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002017 increased magnitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002016 magnitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002018 decreased magnitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002016 magnitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005613 left dorsal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003513 trunk blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005622 right dorsal aorta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003513 trunk blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037458 hair of neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037459 hair of limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001037 strand of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036267 vulval vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035546 uveal vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035662 parotid vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001551 vein of hindlimb zeugopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004261 lower leg blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036268 pelvic vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039228 sigmoid vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015838 molar dental pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001754 dental pulp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015251 modified sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001821 sebaceous gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035237 branch of internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005396 carotid artery segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16234 hydroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33693 oxygen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16862 nucleoside 5'-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25608 nucleoside phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17326 nucleoside 5'-triphoshate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25608 nucleoside phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15379 dioxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138675 gas molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 fiat object part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_262014 Xenopus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8353 Xenopus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013984 abnormal superior mesenterial vein connection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020492 abnormal superior mesenteric vein topology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9709 Phocidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3072905 Pinnipedia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47017 tetrahydrofuranol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26912 oxolanes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38796 pteroates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22494 aminobenzoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38316 pyrimidinecarboxylate anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35757 monocarboxylic acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_177917 phenolic steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33853 phenols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48376 carbamimidic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48379 isourea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23981 ethanolamines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22478 amino alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33720 carbohydrate acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17668 ribonucleoside diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16862 nucleoside 5'-diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17972 ribonucleoside triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17326 nucleoside 5'-triphoshate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29057 keratan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18085 glycosaminoglycan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25274 methylamines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22331 alkylamines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22494 aminobenzoate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22718 benzoates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48154 sulfur oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30488 sulfonium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33535 sulfur hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_42485 formyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27207 univalent carboacyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29989 D-glutamate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29987 glutamate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25567 nitrous acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33455 nitrogen oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29412 oxonium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50313 onium cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29793 hydridodioxygen(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33693 oxygen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29192 hydrogenperoxide(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33693 oxygen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26834 sulfur-containing amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33576 sulfur-containing carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32458 cysteinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32696 argininium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46912 ornithinium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32532 histidinium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32697 argininium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46913 ornithinium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32531 histidinium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32833 threoninium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32860 valinium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26394 purine nucleoside http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35236 D-cysteine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35237 cysteine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35235 L-cysteine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35237 cysteine zwitterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30795 malonate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35695 dicarboxylic acid monoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38560 simple protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13941 carbamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37022 amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26816 carbohydrate phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29792 hydroperoxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29922 sulfo group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46629 oxo group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29917 thiol group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29429 methylidyne group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33474 hydrocarbylidyne group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33703 amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33702 polyatomic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29337 azanide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_79389 monovalent inorganic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33693 oxygen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36902 chalcogen hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33535 sulfur hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28976 carbonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29360 methanediide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38222 hydrocarbyl anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29438 methanide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38222 hydrocarbyl anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50315 chloronium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50313 onium cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000329 oxygen accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000349 extraembryonic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000600 lower urinary tract cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000601 ureteral cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000200 touch receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023168 somatosensory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000207 olfactory receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000206 chemoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000082 stretch receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000006 neuronal receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000408 male gamete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000300 gamete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000042 forebrain neuroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000036 epithelial fate stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000035 single fate stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000357 stratified epithelial stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000036 epithelial fate stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000354 blastemal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000048 multi fate stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000030 glioblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010021 cardiac myoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000056 myoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002552 fibroblast of gingiva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000057 fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000692 kidney interstitial fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000500 kidney interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000076 squamous epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000079 stratified epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000666 fenestrated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000239 brush border epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000075 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000069 branched duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000068 duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000072 non-branched duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002078 meso-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000377 tracheoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000069 branched duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010006 cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010008 cardiac endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000892 kidney capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000854 kidney blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001096 kidney afferent arteriole endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001006 kidney afferent arteriole cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001099 kidney efferent arteriole endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001009 kidney efferent arteriole cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001213 arcuate artery endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001135 arcuate artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000146 simple columnar epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000075 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000618 sheath cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000075 columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000240 stratified squamous epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000079 stratified epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000143 lung goblet cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000272 lung secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001567 lung endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000123 neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000397 ganglion interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000691 stellate interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000104 multipolar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000006 neuronal receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000197 sensory receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010008 cardiac endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002494 cardiocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000708 ureter adventitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000601 ureteral cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000555 neuronal brush cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010010 cerebellar stellate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001611 cerebellar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010020 cardiac glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000050 lateral line nerve glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000149 visual pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000147 pigment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000154 protein secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000159 seromucus secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000174 steroid hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000177 testosterone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000314 milk secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000447 carbohydrate secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000457 biogenic amine secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000151 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000272 lung secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000168 insulin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000323 lysozyme secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000154 protein secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000319 mucus secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000159 seromucus secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000452 thyroid hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000163 endocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000222 stomach neuroendocrine cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002659 glandular cell of stomach http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000172 somatostatin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000443 calcitonin secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000179 progesterone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000174 steroid hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000456 mineralocorticoid secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000174 steroid hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000460 glucocorticoid secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000174 steroid hormone secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002598 bronchial smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019019 tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000702 kidney pelvis smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000505 kidney pelvis cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000979 ureter smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000601 ureteral cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000567 polymodal nocireceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000198 pain receptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000287 eye photoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000210 photoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000217 insulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000215 barrier cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000114 surface ectodermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000221 ectodermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000227 binucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000228 multinucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000237 keratinizing barrier epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002077 ecto-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000257 Eumycetozoan cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000521 fungal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010009 camera-type eye photoreceptor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000306 crystallin accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000325 stuff accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000311 keratin accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000325 stuff accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000326 glycogen accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000325 stuff accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000274 trophectodermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000349 extraembryonic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001097 kidney afferent arteriole smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008035 microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001100 kidney efferent arteriole smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008035 microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001214 arcuate artery smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001135 arcuate artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001217 interlobulary artery smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001138 interlobular artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001221 arcuate vein smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001142 arcuate vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001224 interlobulary vein smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001145 interlobular vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008035 microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008034 mural cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000712 stratum granulosum cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000362 epidermal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023057 cerebellar inhibitory GABAergic interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001611 cerebellar neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000417 endopolyploid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000412 polyploid cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000327 extracellular matrix secreting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000499 stromal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0008028 visual system neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000029 neural crest derived neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000386 attachment cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000630 supporting cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4023039 amygdala excitatory neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0013000 forebrain radial glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000681 radial glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000073 spinal cord radial glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000681 radial glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000529 pigmented epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000710 neurecto-epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000703 kidney pelvis urothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000505 kidney pelvis cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000706 ureter urothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001430 urethra urothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000077 mixed endoderm/mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000995 CD34-positive, CD38-positive common myeloid progenitor OR CD34-positive, CD38-positive common lymphoid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001060 hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell, lineage-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001012 CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor OR granulocyte monocyte progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001060 hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell, lineage-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001030 CD117-positive common myeloid progenitor OR CD217-positive common lymphoid progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001060 hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell, lineage-negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0001019 CD115-positive monocyte OR common dendritic progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002031 hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001064 kidney artery smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001066 kidney arteriole smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001068 kidney venous system smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0019018 blood vessel smooth muscle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001005 glomerular capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000892 kidney capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002621 gingival epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002251 epithelial cell of alimentary canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000849 kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002305 epithelial cell of distal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000850 macula densa epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000618 juxtaglomerular complex cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001016 kidney loop of Henle ascending limb epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000909 kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000838 kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000615 kidney cortex tubule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000839 kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001021 kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000095 neuron associated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002602 annulus pulposus cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002320 connective tissue cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002579 omentum preadipocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002631 epithelial cell of upper respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002368 respiratory epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002632 epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002368 respiratory epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0010007 His-Purkinje system cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000510 kidney glomerular epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000746 glomerular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001036 vasa recta cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000893 kidney venous blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001220 arcuate vein endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001142 arcuate vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001223 interlobulary vein endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001145 interlobular vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000612 kidney corpuscule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000449 epithelial cell of nephron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000615 kidney cortex tubule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000507 kidney tubule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000681 kidney cortex interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000500 kidney interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000746 glomerular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000854 kidney blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001006 kidney afferent arteriole cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000891 kidney arterial blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001009 kidney efferent arteriole cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000891 kidney arterial blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001045 kidney cortex artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000891 kidney arterial blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001052 kidney cortex vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000893 kidney venous blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001124 kidney cortex peritubular capillary cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001033 peritubular capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002551 fibroblast of dermis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002620 skin fibroblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000618 juxtaglomerular complex cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002681 kidney cortical cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000714 kidney cortex collecting duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001431 kidney collecting duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000718 kidney inner medulla collecting duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001431 kidney collecting duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000721 kidney papillary duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001431 kidney collecting duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001431 kidney collecting duct principal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000454 kidney collecting duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001432 kidney collecting duct intercalated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000454 kidney collecting duct epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001216 interlobulary artery endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001138 interlobular artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001568 pulmonary artery endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000413 endothelial cell of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000022 mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000090 pronephric nephron tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000123 metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000909 kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000494 nephron tubule epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000550 kidney papillary duct principal epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001225 kidney collecting duct cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000606 kidney nerve cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000032 peripheral nervous system neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000682 kidney medulla interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000504 kidney medulla cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000616 kidney outer medulla cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000504 kidney medulla cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000617 kidney inner medulla cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000504 kidney medulla cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001319 bladder cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001320 urethra cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000804 kidney outer medulla interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000682 kidney medulla interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001123 kidney outer medulla peritubular capillary cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001033 peritubular capillary endothelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001127 outer renal medulla vasa recta cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001036 vasa recta cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000803 kidney inner medulla interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000682 kidney medulla interstitial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001126 inner renal medulla vasa recta cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001036 vasa recta cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000891 kidney arterial blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000854 kidney blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000893 kidney venous blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000854 kidney blood vessel cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001021 kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000909 kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001135 arcuate artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001045 kidney cortex artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001138 interlobular artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001045 kidney cortex artery cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001142 arcuate vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001052 kidney cortex vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001145 interlobular vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001052 kidney cortex vein cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451864 Dikarya http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4751 Fungi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451866 Taphrinomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4890 Ascomycota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_716545 saccharomyceta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4890 Ascomycota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000005 chemosensory organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000020 sense organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035764 pulmonary lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005282 ventricular system of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005726 chemosensory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007037 mechanosensory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001032 sensory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008713 pectoral girdle and thoracic body wall skeletal muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035350 branch of middle cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035508 branch of posterior cerebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035548 colic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035307 branch of vertebral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035398 branch of external carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035489 branch of basilar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009657 artery of lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011693 extraembryonic portion of umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000478 extraembryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039355 urethral artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039261 pancreatic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035039 rectal artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001712 upper eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001711 eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001713 lower eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001711 eyelid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035767 intrapulmonary bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002185 bronchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034696 fold of peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002358 peritoneum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019231 manual digit 1 or 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019221 digit 1 or 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019232 manual digit 2, 3 or 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019222 digit 2, 3 or 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005604 extrahepatic part of hepatic duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002394 bile duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035131 auditory ossicle cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011004 pharyngeal arch cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035132 auditory ossicle pre-cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035130 auditory ossicle endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_110815 Xenoturbella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1547233 Xenoturbellidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4896 Schizosaccharomyces pombe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4895 Schizosaccharomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2684882 Zygnematophycidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131209 Zygnemophyceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7899 Acipenseriformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32440 Chondrostei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_142796 Eumycetozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2605435 Evosea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23449 cyclic peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670 peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3992 cyclic ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38631 aminoalkylindole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24828 indoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26447 pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78574 pyrimidinecarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_166902 noradrenaline(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35274 ammonium ion derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17062 primary aliphatic amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32877 primary amine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32695 argininate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32457 cysteinate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32530 histidinate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32785 tyrosinate(2-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32529 histidinate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32832 threoninate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33558 alpha-amino-acid anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38179 monocyclic heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48378 carboximidic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48377 imidic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38418 1,3-thiazoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48901 thiazoles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16733 D-alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83925 non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24610 homocysteines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83925 non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23324 citrullines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83925 non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46819 urate salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24868 organic salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28383 alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35692 dicarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33791 canonical nucleoside residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50320 nucleoside residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23505 cystathionines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24610 homocysteines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29214 sulfonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33402 sulfur oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48854 sulfurous acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33402 sulfur oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18140 hydrogen halide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33405 hydracid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17137 hydrogensulfite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33482 sulfur oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45696 hydrogensulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33482 sulfur oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29919 hydrosulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33535 sulfur hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35134 metalloprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33837 conjugated protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48355 non-polar solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46787 solvent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50297 canonical nucleotide residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50319 nucleotide residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51384 D-ascorbic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22652 ascorbic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33431 elemental chlorine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33434 elemental halogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26830 sulfonium compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33402 sulfur oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33484 chalcogen oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33482 sulfur oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33485 chalcogen oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33424 sulfur oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33241 oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33695 information biomacromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33694 biomacromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_41609 carbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35604 carbon oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38793 pteroate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38796 pteroates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33263 diatomic oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33262 elemental oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37826 sulfuric acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33424 sulfur oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33432 monoatomic chlorine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33433 monoatomic halogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33356 iron group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27081 transition element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33366 copper group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27081 transition element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33635 polycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33661 monocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33842 aromatic annulene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33847 monocyclic arene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33664 monocyclic hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33663 cyclic hydrocarbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37176 mononuclear parent hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33692 hydrides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37175 organic hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33692 hydrides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33719 alpha-amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33703 amino-acid cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33700 proteinogenic amino-acid residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33710 alpha-amino-acid residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33793 canonical deoxyribonucleoside residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33791 canonical nucleoside residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33792 canonical ribonucleoside residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33791 canonical nucleoside residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47019 dihydroxytetrahydrofuran http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47017 tetrahydrofuranol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50298 canonical deoxyribonucleotide residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50297 canonical nucleotide residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50299 canonical ribonucleotide residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50297 canonical nucleotide residue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000084 circadian behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000008 rhythmic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001571 behavioral response to light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1 root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_39107 Murinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10066 Muridae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_862507 Mus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10088 Mus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117571 Euteleostomi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117570 Teleostomi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7898 Actinopterygii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117571 Euteleostomi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8287 Sarcopterygii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117571 Euteleostomi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6236 Rhabditida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_119089 Chromadorea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6231 Nematoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1206794 Ecdysozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_88770 Panarthropoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1206794 Ecdysozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6157 Platyhelminthes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1206795 Lophotrochozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6340 Annelida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1206795 Lophotrochozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123366 Eurypterygia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123365 Neoteleostei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123367 Ctenosquamata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123366 Eurypterygia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123368 Acanthomorphata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123367 Ctenosquamata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123369 Euacanthomorphacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123368 Acanthomorphata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131209 Zygnemophyceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131221 Streptophytina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3193 Embryophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131221 Streptophytina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2157 Archaea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 Bacteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8492 Archosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329799 Archelosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2841271 Testudinata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329799 Archelosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32523 Tetrapoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1338369 Dipnotetrapodomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7878 Dipnomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1338369 Dipnotetrapodomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314145 Laurasiatheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1437010 Boreoeutheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314146 Euarchontoglires http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1437010 Boreoeutheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4891 Saccharomycetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147537 Saccharomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186625 Clupeocephala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489341 Osteoglossocephalai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123365 Neoteleostei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489388 Euteleosteomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32440 Chondrostei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186623 Actinopteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_41665 Neopterygii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186623 Actinopteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489388 Euteleosteomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186625 Clupeocephala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186634 Otomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186625 Clupeocephala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186627 Cypriniphysae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186626 Otophysi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7952 Cypriniformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186627 Cypriniphysae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32519 Ostariophysi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186634 Otomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6960 Hexapoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_197562 Pancrustacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_197562 Pancrustacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_197563 Mandibulata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_38254 Glaucocystophyceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33090 Viridiplantae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33154 Opisthokonta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_554915 Amoebozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2698737 Sar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2611352 Discoba http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2743709 Danionidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_30727 Cyprinoidei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_91561 Artiodactyla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314145 Laurasiatheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33554 Carnivora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314145 Laurasiatheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9787 Perissodactyla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314145 Laurasiatheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314147 Glires http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314146 Euarchontoglires http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9443 Primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314146 Euarchontoglires http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9989 Rodentia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314147 Glires http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_58023 Tracheophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3193 Embryophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489341 Osteoglossocephalai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32443 Teleostei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489340 Elopocephalai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32443 Teleostei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186626 Otophysi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32519 Ostariophysi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32524 Amniota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32523 Tetrapoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8292 Amphibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32523 Tetrapoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40674 Mammalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32524 Amniota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8457 Sauropsida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32524 Amniota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9347 Eutheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32525 Theria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329799 Archelosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32561 Sauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8504 Lepidosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32561 Sauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_35493 Streptophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33090 Viridiplantae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4751 Fungi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33154 Opisthokonta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 Metazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33154 Opisthokonta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6072 Eumetazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 Metazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6040 Porifera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 Metazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33317 Protostomia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33213 Bilateria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33511 Deuterostomia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33213 Bilateria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1312402 Xenacoelomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33213 Bilateria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1206794 Ecdysozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33317 Protostomia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2697495 Spiralia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33317 Protostomia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33392 Endopterygota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33340 Neoptera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7147 Diptera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33392 Endopterygota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7711 Chordata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33511 Deuterostomia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7586 Echinodermata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33511 Deuterostomia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10066 Muridae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_337687 Muroidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131221 Streptophytina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_35493 Streptophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10088 Mus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_39107 Murinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10114 Rattus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_39107 Murinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32525 Theria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40674 Mammalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9254 Prototheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40674 Mammalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32443 Teleostei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_41665 Neopterygii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436489 Saurischia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436486 Dinosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436491 Theropoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436489 Saurischia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436492 Coelurosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436491 Theropoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8782 Aves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436492 Coelurosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_480118 Eremoneura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43733 Muscomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43741 Acalyptratae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43738 Schizophora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43746 Ephydroidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43741 Acalyptratae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4890 Ascomycota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451864 Dikarya http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147554 Schizosaccharomycetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_451866 Taphrinomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43738 Schizophora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_480117 Cyclorrhapha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_480117 Cyclorrhapha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_480118 Eremoneura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4892 Saccharomycetales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4891 Saccharomycetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4893 Saccharomycetaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4892 Saccharomycetales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_85512 Dicondylia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_50557 Insecta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_78536 Euphyllophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_58023 Tracheophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3398 Magnoliopsida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_58024 Spermatophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1437180 Acrogymnospermae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_58024 Spermatophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33213 Bilateria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6072 Eumetazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6073 Cnidaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6072 Eumetazoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_119089 Chromadorea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6231 Nematoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_197563 Mandibulata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6656 Arthropoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_50557 Insecta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6960 Hexapoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7203 Brachycera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7147 Diptera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147537 Saccharomycotina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_716545 saccharomyceta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43733 Muscomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7203 Brachycera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33340 Neoptera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7496 Pterygota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_89593 Craniata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7711 Chordata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7712 Tunicata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7711 Chordata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7776 Gnathostomata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1476529 Cyclostomata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117570 Teleostomi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7776 Gnathostomata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7777 Chondrichthyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7776 Gnathostomata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_58024 Spermatophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_78536 Euphyllophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186623 Actinopteri http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7898 Actinopterygii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_30727 Cyprinoidei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7952 Cypriniformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7955 Danio rerio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7954 Danio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1338369 Dipnotetrapodomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8287 Sarcopterygii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32561 Sauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8457 Sauropsida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_436486 Dinosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8492 Archosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7496 Pterygota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_85512 Dicondylia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10090 Mus musculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_862507 Mus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8825 Neognathae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8782 Aves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8783 Palaeognathae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8782 Aves http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8929 Columbiformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8825 Neognathae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6656 Arthropoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_88770 Panarthropoda http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_89593 Craniata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2653789 Whippomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_91561 Artiodactyla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_35497 Suina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_91561 Artiodactyla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1437010 Boreoeutheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9347 Eutheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_311790 Afrotheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9347 Eutheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9348 Xenarthra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9347 Eutheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1963758 Myomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9989 Rodentia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005205 lamina propria of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036553 wall of synovial tendon sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000060 anatomical wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014848 tendon of quadriceps femoris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003589 hindlimb connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002834 cervical dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000044 dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002837 sacral dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000044 dorsal root ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035074 duct of apocrine sweat gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035050 excretory duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000058 duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036343 wall of gallbladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036362 wall of anal canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036441 wall of uterine tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036521 wall of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036523 wall of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036658 wall of central canal of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005358 ventricle of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036661 wall of ventricular system of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005358 ventricle of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036925 wall of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036990 wall of pharyngotympanic tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000060 anatomical wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037089 wall of orbit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037191 wall of membranous labyrinth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037237 wall of lacrimal duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035965 wall of blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009856 sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018254 skeletal musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035651 glans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009911 lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000063 organ subunit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001726 papilla of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002271 periventricular zone of hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002272 medial zone of hypothalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003978 valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005449 greater sac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009753 adrenal gland cortex zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010071 layer of tympanic membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011741 cardiac valve leaflet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3010706 lateral line nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011159 primary subdivision of cranial skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012072 palatal part of dermatocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000075 subdivision of skeletal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036073 respiratory primordium mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000112 sexually immature stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000105 life cycle stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002464 nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000122 neuron projection bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036253 orifice of skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000161 orifice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039175 subarachnoid space of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000315 subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0039176 subarachnoid space of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000315 subarachnoid space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035240 posterior wall of oropharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035286 lateral wall of oropharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035313 posterior wall of laryngopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000328 gut wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035383 lateral wall of nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035401 posterior wall of nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019042 reproductive system mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001978 parenchyma of pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353 parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019190 mucous gland of lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036225 respiratory system gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036328 wall of coronary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037144 wall of heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036351 wall of brachiocephalic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000415 artery wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036352 wall of subclavian artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000415 artery wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036422 wall of pulmonary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000415 artery wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037094 wall of common carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000415 artery wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005945 neurocranial trabecula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003932 cartilage element of chondrocranium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001971 gastric juice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000456 secretion of exocrine gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010061 lumen of nasopharynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012466 extraembryonic cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014466 subarachnoid fissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034905 gland lumen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000153 anterior region of body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000154 posterior region of body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001444 subdivision of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006333 snout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009569 subdivision of trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000475 organism subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017631 calcified structure of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2005227 protoneuromast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003254 amniotic ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005497 non-neural ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005933 hair root sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005943 hair root sheath matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009881 anterior lateral plate mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010316 germ layer / neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010536 nephron progenitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015757 heterogeneous tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012361 internal anal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012469 external anal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011952 non-glandular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019304 sensory organ epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006930 glandular cuboidal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006799 glandular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007690 early pharyngeal endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010025 dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010026 ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011272 embryonic skin basal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011592 future upper lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003235 epithelium of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011596 future lower lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003236 epithelium of lower jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012312 maxillary process ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012313 1st arch maxillary ectoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015833 foregut epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013156 1st arch mandibular endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004468 set of muscles of vertebral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001015 musculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007838 spinal cord white commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008882 spinal cord commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034729 sympathetic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001021 nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006224 elbow joint primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006227 ethmoid bone primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006236 tetrapod frontal bone primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006244 hip joint primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006251 interparietal bone primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006256 knee joint primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006274 tetrapod parietal bone primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008801 parotid gland primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008947 respiratory primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010375 pancreas dorsal primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010376 pancreas ventral primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010751 squamous part of temporal bone primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011130 temporomandibular joint primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000468 anterior crista primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018552 lateral incisor tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000219 vertebral foramen of atlas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005744 bone foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015128 subepicardial layer of epicardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007188 mesothelium of serous pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022357 mesentery of ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001170 mesentery of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035322 right common iliac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035529 left common iliac artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007685 region of nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001231 nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022281 epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011184 epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034997 renal medulla loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001288 loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005458 left umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001310 umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005470 right umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001310 umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019241 pedal digit 1 or 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019221 digit 1 or 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019242 pedal digit 2, 3 or 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019222 digit 2, 3 or 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001425 pectoral lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001473 lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008202 bone of hip region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001474 bone element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001433 distal carpal bone 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015093 distal carpal bone 4 endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006328 laryngeal intrinsic muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001568 muscle of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011222 intra-ocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004277 eye muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019254 upper eyelash http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010171 strand of hair of face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019255 lower eyelash http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010171 strand of hair of face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012175 acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013498 vestibulo-cochlear VIII ganglion complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001714 cranial ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001730 extrinsic ligament of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001743 ligament of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006325 laryngeal intrinsic ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001743 ligament of larynx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000444 lymphoid follicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001744 lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012069 epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001744 lymphoid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015844 molar dental papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001763 odontogenic papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007619 limiting membrane of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001781 layer of retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001809 enteric ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001808 parasympathetic ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001841 anterior semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001840 semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001843 lateral semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001840 semicircular canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001857 anterior semicircular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001856 semicircular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001859 lateral semicircular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001856 semicircular duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022280 epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011184 epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019189 carotid artery endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001917 endothelium of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019196 iliac artery endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001917 endothelium of artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005844 spinal cord segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001948 regional part of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022292 splenic arteriole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003497 abdomen blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036269 penis blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010059 hypoglossal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002036 striated muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001073 axial vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036302 vasculature of central nervous system plus retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049 vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003076 posterior neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003080 anterior neural tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005092 right horn of sinus venosus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006218 common atrial chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006232 facio-acoustic VII-VIII preganglion complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006260 lingual swellings http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010188 protuberance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007237 1st arch mandibular component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007238 1st arch maxillary component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002050 embryonic structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010963 trunk and cervical myotome group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003082 myotome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009664 gut mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002095 mesentery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036301 vasculature of spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006876 vasculature of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006684 sphenoidal fontanelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002221 fontanelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0033939 sacral spinal cord dorsal horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002256 dorsal horn of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0030276 lumbar spinal cord ventral horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002257 ventral horn of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0032748 sacral spinal cord ventral horn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002257 ventral horn of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034730 olfactory tract linking bulb to ipsilateral dorsal telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002265 olfactory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000238 olfactory tract linking bulb to ipsilateral ventral telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002265 olfactory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000315 asteriscus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002280 otolith http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035786 layer of CA1 field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035787 layer of CA2 field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035788 layer of CA3 field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005367 hippocampus granule cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002305 layer of hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0029503 sacral spinal cord gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002315 gray matter of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0029636 lumbar spinal cord gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002315 gray matter of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007417 peduncle of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002316 white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013199 stria of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002316 white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0026246 sacral spinal cord white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002318 white matter of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0026386 lumbar spinal cord white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002318 white matter of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009708 dorsal pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009709 ventral pancreas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005177 trunk region element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011648 jaw muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002376 cranial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015789 cranial or facial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002376 cranial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3000224 hyobranchial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002376 cranial muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006775 zone of epiphyseal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002418 cartilage tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019206 tongue papilla epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003357 epithelium of tongue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016527 white matter of cerebral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002437 cerebral hemisphere white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001318 inferior vesical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002460 vesical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006355 superior vesical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002460 vesical vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002004 trunk of sciatic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002464 nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002442 axillary nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002464 nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016413 medullary cavity of long bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002484 bone marrow cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015860 visceral abdominal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002507 abdominal lymph node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036186 fibroelastic connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011824 fibrous connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008837 palmar/plantar part of autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012139 segment of autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002529 limb segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000963 head sensillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002536 arthropod sensillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003116 pharyngeal arch 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002539 pharyngeal arch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002558 organ cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005606 hyaloid cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012467 enclosed anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006272 oronasal cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011565 lumen of gastrointestinal system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035763 cavity of cardiac chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035809 serous cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002553 anatomical cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002550 anterior hypothalamic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004703 dorsal thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014918 retrosplenial granular cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0027331 flocculonodular lobe, hemisphere portion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002749 regional part of cerebellar cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005502 rhombomere roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003054 roof plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005113 metanephric cortex mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006210 body-wall mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003104 mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010023 dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010027 dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010028 ventral part of pharyngeal pouch 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010029 dorsal part of pharyngeal pouch 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005291 embryonic tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006230 extrinsic ocular pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006904 head mesenchyme from mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006292 shoulder joint primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005856 developing mesenchymal condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005244 lobar bronchus of right lung cranial lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003404 lobar bronchus of right lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005667 connecting stalk mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015851 upper right incisor tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015848 incisor tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017635 paired venous dural sinus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019264 gray matter of forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019267 gray matter of midbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035020 left vagus X nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035021 right vagus X nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009644 trachea non-cartilage connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003571 trachea connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035096 fascia of tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008982 fascia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006720 pterygoid muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003681 masticatory muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011766 left recurrent laryngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011767 right recurrent laryngeal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011166 patellofemoral joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011139 synovial limb joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015839 molar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003843 dental epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010687 pedal digit metatarsal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015036 pedal digit metatarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006304 future trigeminal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003869 presumptive ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001746 capsule of thyroid gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004119 endoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010894 keratinous tooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003913 tooth-like structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010062 pharyngotympanic tube epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015813 middle ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010065 auditory meatus epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015814 outer ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003914 epithelial tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035037 jaw epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003929 digestive tract epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022235 peduncle of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007417 peduncle of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035007 nasal concha cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035612 nasal turbinal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022428 cingulate cortex cingulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003961 cingulum of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022429 temporal cortex cingulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003961 cingulum of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022430 hippocampus cortex cingulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003961 cingulum of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009950 olfactory bulb plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004001 olfactory bulb layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005347 copula pyramidis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004003 cerebellum hemisphere lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005350 lobule simplex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014648 hemisphere part of cerebellar posterior lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005351 paraflocculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0027331 flocculonodular lobe, hemisphere portion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034994 hindbrain cortical intermediate zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004040 cortical intermediate zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013160 epithalamus ventricular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004060 neural tube ventricular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034710 spinal cord ventricular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004060 neural tube ventricular layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009580 diencephalon mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004061 neural tube mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009581 midbrain mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004061 neural tube mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009583 spinal cord mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004061 neural tube mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013159 epithalamus mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004061 neural tube mantle layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034709 hindbrain marginal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005239 basal plate metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004064 neural tube basal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004077 cerebellum vermis lobule IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004081 cerebellum vermis lobule VII http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004070 cerebellum vermis lobule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006525 left lung alveolar system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006526 right lung alveolar system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010213 laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005866 pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010221 laryngeal associated mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011623 horn of thyroid cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004765 skeletal element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035606 cartilage of external acoustic meatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001336 membranous urethra of male or female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013522 subdivision of tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005728 extraembryonic mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007524 dense mesenchyme tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006219 deltoid pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006652 muscular layer of vagina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006660 muscular coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010348 hyoid pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010982 latissimus dorsi pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010983 levator scapulae pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010984 pectoral pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011015 iliac fossa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011140 superficial part of masseter muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011313 posterior subdivision of masseter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011314 anterior subdivision of masseter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014444 pubic ramus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018673 neck of fibula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034764 remnant of cardiac valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_4200172 neck of humerus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006106 cochlear canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006377 remnant of Rathke's pouch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006495 osseus cochlear canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013685 foramen of skull http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036250 zone of basilar membrane of cochlea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005764 acellular membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006173 pronephric proximal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005310 pronephric nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006175 pronephric distal tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005310 pronephric nephron tubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005339 outflow tract pulmonary component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004145 outflow tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009196 indifferent external genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004176 external genitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004912 biliary bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009854 digestive tract diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008836 liver bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009854 digestive tract diverticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036072 respiratory primordium epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015833 foregut epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034902 sacral sympathetic nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004295 sympathetic nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012416 respiratory system arterial smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004695 arterial system smooth muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014886 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014887 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013121 proximal epiphysis of phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011973 epiphysis of phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013122 distal epiphysis of phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011973 epiphysis of phalanx of pes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018649 cardiac muscle tissue of ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004493 cardiac muscle tissue of myocardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001053 future internal carotid artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004573 systemic artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008339 microvascular endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004852 cardiovascular system endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012276 endometrium glandular epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007592 ciliated columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004919 external urethral sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004917 urethral sphincter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 membranous layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010291 layer of sclera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010313 neural crest-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034770 bulbourethral gland epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034969 epithelial layer of duct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011945 luminal layer of epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015843 molar enamel organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005176 tooth enamel organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015410 heart plus pericardium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005178 thoracic cavity element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010189 right atrium venous valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006675 venous valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035676 secondary yolk sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009743 visceral yolk sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035677 primary yolk sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005251 yolk sac cavity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006295 sternebral bone pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005866 pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009618 trunk paraxial mesoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005256 trunk mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011301 manubrium sternum pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005866 pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009722 entire pharyngeal arch endoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015833 foregut epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2001431 primitive olfactory epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010371 ecto-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036654 wall of lateral ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036661 wall of ventricular system of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036655 wall of cerebral aqueduct http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036661 wall of ventricular system of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036656 wall of third ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036661 wall of ventricular system of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036657 wall of fourth ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036661 wall of ventricular system of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009145 pharyngeal region of foregut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010531 metanephros induced blastemal cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011757 differentiated genital tubercle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013238 future glans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014950 layer of developing cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008878 palmar part of manus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0008837 palmar/plantar part of autopod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001889 trunk of phrenic nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005476 spinal nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002327 trunk of intercostal nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005476 spinal nerve trunk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022247 forebrain ipsilateral fiber tracts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005838 fasciculus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022248 cerebral nerve fasciculus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005838 fasciculus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002792 lumbar spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005844 spinal cord segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005856 developing mesenchymal condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009194 basisphenoid cartilage condenstion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009891 facial mesenchyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010929 stapedius pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009506 mesenchyme of middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010935 tensor tympani pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009506 mesenchyme of middle ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010955 trapezius pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010962 extensor pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010970 intercostal pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010975 external oblique pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010977 flexor pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010986 serratus ventralis pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011332 extrinsic tongue pre-muscle mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005865 pre-muscle condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006263 Meckel's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014387 mesenchyme derived from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009192 basisphenoid pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007213 mesenchyme derived from head neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010354 Reichert's cartilage pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010258 mesenchyme from rhombencephalic neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010063 tympanic cavity epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015813 middle ear epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007172 angle of scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010424 distal segment of rib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019294 commissure of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005970 brain commissure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006136 unmyelinated nerve fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006134 nerve fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006532 oblique extraocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006531 oculomotor muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006533 rectus extraocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006531 oculomotor muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005795 embryonic uterus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006226 endolymphatic appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006241 future spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006596 presumptive blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006600 presumptive enteric nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007026 presumptive gut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009615 midbrain hindbrain boundary neural plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034875 future pituitary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006598 presumptive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006644 tunica albuginea of ovary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006610 tunica albuginea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010222 anatomical line between pupils http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010231 anatomical line between outer ears http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006800 anatomical line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002618 root of trochlear nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019310 glossopharyngeal nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006843 root of cranial nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009920 optic neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007530 migrating mesenchyme population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002692 medullary raphe nuclear complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019263 gray matter of hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014706 primitive renal collecting duct system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011921 connecting stalk blood islands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007606 ciliated stratified columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007602 stratified columnar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002965 rostral intralaminar nuclear group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014672 distal interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014677 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014674 distal interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014679 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014675 distal interphalangeal joint of pedal digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014680 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014668 distal interphalangeal joint of manual digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014677 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014670 distal interphalangeal joint of manual digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014679 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014671 distal interphalangeal joint of manural digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014680 distal interphalangeal joint of digit 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016426 proximal interphalangeal joint of little finger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009767 proximal interphalangeal joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011628 early premaxilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011597 bone of upper jaw http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035505 right inguinal part of abdomen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011320 ligament of temporomandibular joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013765 digestive system element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009632 root of cervical nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009623 spinal nerve root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014693 inferior alveolar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009654 alveolar artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002893 nucleus of lateral olfactory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009663 telencephalic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036375 wall of right ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009916 wall of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036376 wall of left ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009916 wall of ureter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005379 olfactory bulb internal plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009950 olfactory bulb plexiform layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013150 future brain vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010064 open anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010166 coat of hair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010164 collection of hairs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010214 cricoid pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010213 laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010219 thyroid pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010213 laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010220 arytenoid pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010213 laryngeal pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035130 auditory ossicle endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010363 endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009637 alisphenoid ossification center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010355 ossification center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009638 orbitosphenoid ossification center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010355 ossification center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019306 nose epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019304 sensory organ epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010392 B cell domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010394 lymphocyte domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010393 T cell domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010394 lymphocyte domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035555 lateral line sense organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010521 electroreceptor organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010528 pneumatic cavity of bone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010527 cavity of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010700 phalanx pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015023 phalanx endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035128 manus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015064 autopod cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010698 manual digit metacarpus pre-cartilage condensation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015042 manual digit metacarpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035129 pes cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015064 autopod cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011152 dorsal hyoid arch skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010912 subdivision of skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013605 layer of lateral geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014530 white matter lamina of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016570 lamina of gray matter of spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006794 visual processing part of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010191 aortic system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001606 muscle of iris http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011222 intra-ocular muscle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011344 lateral surface of mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011342 surface of mandible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035570 tectothalamic tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011591 tract of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0025261 thalamic fiber tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011591 tract of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005434 cervical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011676 subdivision of organism along main body axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011696 left extraembryonic umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011693 extraembryonic portion of umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011697 right extraembryonic umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011693 extraembryonic portion of umbilical artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018398 superior alveolar nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018405 inferior alveolar nerve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011779 nerve of head region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011824 fibrous connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011822 dense irregular connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018135 fibrocollagenous connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011824 fibrous connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014876 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of pedal digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014887 distal epiphysis of distal phalanx of digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009292 embryonic nasal process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012314 embryonic facial prominence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012485 cloacal villus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012423 layer of microvilli http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035016 tactile mechanoreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012449 mechanoreceptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019303 occipital sulcus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013118 sulcus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009676 early telencephalic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013150 future brain vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013147 early mesencephalic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013150 future brain vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013148 early midbrain vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013150 future brain vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013149 hindbrain vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013150 future brain vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013559 Brodmann (1909) area 28 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013529 Brodmann area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013606 magnocellular layer of dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013605 layer of lateral geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013607 parvocellular layer of dorsal nucleus of lateral geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013605 layer of lateral geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014531 white matter lamina of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014530 white matter lamina of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014532 white matter lamina of cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014530 white matter lamina of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035053 interlobular duct of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035049 excretory duct of salivary gland http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019292 white matter of pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019291 white matter of metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010701 phalanx cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015064 autopod cartilage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010697 pedal digit metatarsal cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035129 pes cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010699 manual digit metacarpus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035128 manus cartilage element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015093 distal carpal bone 4 endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015049 carpus endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015102 distal tarsal bone 1 endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015099 distal tarsal endochondral element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001922 parafascicular nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015233 nucleus of dorsal thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005275 dorsal skin of digit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015249 digit skin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034769 lymphomyeloid tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015757 heterogeneous tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015850 upper left incisor tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015848 incisor tusk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022279 strand of hair on external ear http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016446 hair of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016540 occipital cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016542 limbic cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016551 subdivision of spinal cord ventral column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016550 spinal cord column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018667 neck of scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018664 neck of bone element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019291 white matter of metencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019258 white matter of hindbrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019269 gray matter of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019264 gray matter of forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019293 white matter of pontine tegmentum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019292 white matter of pons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022236 peduncle of thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022235 peduncle of diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034708 cerebellum marginal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034709 hindbrain marginal layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003110 otic region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034921 multi organ part structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010858 inter limb-segment region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018691 ventral side of post-anal tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018692 dorsal side of post-anal tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034929 external soft tissue zone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000024939 interferon beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025848 type I interferon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000125 submissive behavior towards male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000148 social investigation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000011 social behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000157 nest building behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000011 social behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000104 aggressive behavior towards humans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000015 aggressive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000107 aggressive behavior towards mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000015 aggressive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000110 aggressive behavior towards male mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000107 aggressive behavior towards mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000111 aggressive behavior towards female mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000107 aggressive behavior towards mice http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000112 aggressive behavior towards inanimate objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000015 aggressive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000008 rhythmic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000014 mating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000018 fear/anxiety related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000037 vocalization behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000103 coping behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000119 impulsive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000155 offspring retrieval http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000044 parental behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000538 circadian temperature homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000084 circadian behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001915 cocaine consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002234 regulation of consumption of an addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_337687 Muroidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1963758 Myomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035471 posterior surface of kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006056 posterior surface of head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0017659 ventral surface of penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022288 surface of eyeball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034928 dorsal surface of penis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036215 anatomical surface region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22652 ascorbic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24963 ketoaldonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_43254 (4S)-4-hydroxy-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38337 pyrimidone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47882 cyclic polypyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38077 polypyrrole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30848 urate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46818 urate anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35136 iron protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35134 metalloprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5386 globin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35137 hemoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35571 mancude organic heterocyclic parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35573 organic mancude parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35143 hemoglobin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5386 globin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186622 Acipenseroidei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7899 Acipenseriformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8930 Columbidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8929 Columbiformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4895 Schizosaccharomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4894 Schizosaccharomycetaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8798 Struthioniformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8783 Palaeognathae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8800 Struthio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8799 Struthionidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8801 Struthio camelus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8800 Struthio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007171 border of scapula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036304 anatomical border http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9721 Cetacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2653789 Whippomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013870 absent proximal internal carotid artery segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012730 abnormal internal carotid artery morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036303 vasculature of central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036302 vasculature of central nervous system plus retina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 signal_peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021935 immature protein part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4930 Saccharomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4893 Saccharomycetaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_124130 Acipenserini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_124129 Acipenserinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7901 Acipenser http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_124130 Acipenserini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3378 Gnetales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1445966 Gnetidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_34346 Schizosaccharomycetales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147554 Schizosaccharomycetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8799 Struthionidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8798 Struthioniformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1445966 Gnetidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3372 Gnetopsida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4894 Schizosaccharomycetaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_34346 Schizosaccharomycetales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3176 Zygnematales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2684882 Zygnematophycidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_346 autoimmune mediated disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_194 immune mediated disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_675 psoriasiform dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_196 dermatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000444 eye movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000001 body part movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000023 head shaking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000020 head movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000403 voluntary movement behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000001 body part movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000445 tail movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000001 body part movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000015 aggressive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000085 depression behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000086 novelty response behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000221 conditioned emotional response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000747 jaw movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000007 mouth movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000024 sleeping behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000008 rhythmic behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000101 retropulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000013 locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000371 aquatic locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000013 locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000448 vertical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000013 locomotory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000146 mating receptivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000014 mating behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000092 anxiety-related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000018 fear/anxiety related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000091 fear-related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000018 fear/anxiety related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000571 multidirectional head movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000020 head movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000159 rapid eye movement sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000084 circadian behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000560 barbering behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000027 grooming behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000150 maternal behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000044 parental behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000151 paternal behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000044 parental behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000054 suckling behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000079 feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000131 alcohol consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000079 feeding behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000536 circadian regulation of heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000084 circadian behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000097 response to novel environment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000086 novelty response behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000098 response to novel object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000086 novelty response behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000099 response to novel odor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000086 novelty response behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000102 fear-related retropulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000101 retropulsion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000136 saccharin consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000134 food consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000152 maternal nurturing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000150 maternal behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002379 nursing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000152 maternal nurturing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000154 maternal crouching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000152 maternal nurturing behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000559 maternal grooming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000450 social grooming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000174 motor learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000175 spatial learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000210 avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000211 conditioned taste aversion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000214 latent learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000222 conditioned place preference behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000223 contextual conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000224 cued conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000227 eye blink conditioning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000641 discrimination learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000171 associative learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000553 short term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000180 short-term memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000555 spatial working memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000556 spatial memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000217 active avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000210 avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000218 passive avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000210 avoidance learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000751 perception behavior by means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000308 sensation behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000172 olfactory learning behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000641 discrimination learning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000331 nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000330 cutaneous sensation behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000332 touch related behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000330 cutaneous sensation behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000333 chemical nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000331 nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000334 mechanical nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000331 nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000335 thermal nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000331 nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000336 chemically-elicited antinociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000331 nociceptive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000358 resting posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000355 posture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000362 stride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000361 gait http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000576 pinna reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000577 postural reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000584 clutching reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000389 reflexive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000552 long term object recognition memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000551 visual object recognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000599 long-term spatial memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000556 spatial memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000561 hetero-barbering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000560 barbering behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000578 righting reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000577 postural reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000581 vestibulocollic reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000577 postural reflex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000180 short-term memory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000318 balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000323 olfactory behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000330 cutaneous sensation behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001679 behavioral response to xenobiotics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001728 behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001679 behavioral response to xenobiotics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002362 behavioral response to anesthetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001679 behavioral response to xenobiotics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001763 behavioral response to alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001728 behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001987 behavioral response to cocaine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001728 behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002021 behavioral response to morphine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001728 behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002065 behavioral response to nicotine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001728 behavioral response to addictive substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33083 Dictyostelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_142796 Eumycetozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2058949 Dictyosteliales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33083 Dictyostelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037447 wall of male urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036521 wall of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0037455 wall of female urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036521 wall of urethra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3312 Coniferophyta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1437180 Acrogymnospermae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3372 Gnetopsida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1437180 Acrogymnospermae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4932 Saccharomyces cerevisiae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_4930 Saccharomyces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2605435 Evosea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_554915 Amoebozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2058185 Dictyosteliaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2058949 Dictyosteliales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1206795 Lophotrochozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2697495 Spiralia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33630 Alveolata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2698737 Sar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016910 frenulum of lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0036294 mucosa of lip http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8459 Testudines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2841271 Testudinata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000001 retrotrapezoid nucleus neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_105391 Canalipalpata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_105389 Sedentaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6362 Sabellida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_105391 Canalipalpata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1547233 Xenoturbellidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_110814 Xenoturbellida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7761 Myxiniformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117565 Myxini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7745 Petromyzontiformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117569 Hyperoartia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489872 Percomorphaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_123369 Euacanthomorphacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_110814 Xenoturbellida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1312402 Xenacoelomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_147099 Acoelomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1312402 Xenacoelomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8570 Serpentes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329911 Toxicofera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329911 Toxicofera http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329912 Episquamata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329912 Episquamata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329950 Unidentata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329950 Unidentata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329961 Bifurcata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117565 Myxini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1476529 Cyclostomata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_117569 Hyperoartia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1476529 Cyclostomata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186624 Elopocephala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489340 Elopocephalai http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489922 Eupercaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489872 Percomorphaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31022 Tetraodontiformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1489922 Eupercaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_189497 Echidna http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_182222 Muraeninae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32521 Elopomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_186624 Elopocephala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9596 Pan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_207598 Homininae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9605 Homo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_207598 Homininae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8355 Xenopus laevis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_262014 Xenopus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8352 Pipidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_30319 Pipoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31028 Tetraodontoidei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31022 Tetraodontiformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32517 Tetradontoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31028 Tetraodontoidei http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31032 Takifugu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31031 Tetraodontidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31033 Takifugu rubripes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31032 Takifugu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9815 Tubulidentata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_311790 Afrotheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9526 Catarrhini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314293 Simiiformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9604 Hominidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314295 Hominoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32346 melanogaster group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32341 Sophophora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32351 melanogaster subgroup http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32346 melanogaster group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7227 Drosophila melanogaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32351 melanogaster subgroup http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_31031 Tetraodontidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32517 Tetradontoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7933 Anguilliformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32521 Elopomorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_379583 Feliformia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33554 Carnivora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_379584 Caniformia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33554 Carnivora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9821 Suidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_35497 Suina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314293 Simiiformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_376913 Haplorrhini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9681 Felidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_379583 Feliformia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3072905 Pinnipedia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_379584 Caniformia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9608 Canidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_379584 Caniformia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40151 Monodon monoceros http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40150 Monodon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8342 Anura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_41666 Batrachia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7214 Drosophilidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43746 Ephydroidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_46877 Drosophilini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43845 Drosophilinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_182222 Muraeninae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_46660 Muraenidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7215 Drosophila http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_46877 Drosophilini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6243 Rhabditidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_55879 Rhabditoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6237 Caenorhabditis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_55885 Peloderinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2301116 Rhabditina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6236 Rhabditida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6239 Caenorhabditis elegans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6237 Caenorhabditis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_55885 Peloderinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6243 Rhabditidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6341 Polychaeta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6340 Annelida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_105389 Sedentaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6341 Polychaeta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_41324 Siboglinidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6362 Sabellida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_43845 Drosophilinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7214 Drosophilidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_32341 Sophophora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7215 Drosophila http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7762 Myxinidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7761 Myxiniformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7778 Elasmobranchii http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7777 Chondrichthyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7863 Holocephali http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7777 Chondrichthyes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7864 Chimaeriformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7863 Holocephali http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_46660 Muraenidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7933 Anguilliformes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_41666 Batrachia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8292 Amphibia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_30319 Pipoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8342 Anura http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8360 Xenopodinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8352 Pipidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8353 Xenopus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8360 Xenopodinae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8505 Sphenodontia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8504 Lepidosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8509 Squamata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8504 Lepidosauria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8506 Sphenodontidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8505 Sphenodontia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8507 Sphenodon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8506 Sphenodontidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1329961 Bifurcata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_8509 Squamata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9255 Monotremata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9254 Prototheria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9256 Ornithorhynchidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9255 Monotremata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9259 Tachyglossidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9255 Monotremata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9257 Ornithorhynchus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9256 Ornithorhynchidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_948951 Cingulata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9348 Xenarthra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_376913 Haplorrhini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9443 Primates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9359 Dasypodidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_948951 Cingulata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_314295 Hominoidea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9526 Catarrhini http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_207598 Homininae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9604 Hominidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9605 Homo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9611 Canis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9608 Canidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9722 Odontoceti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9721 Cetacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9761 Mysticeti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9721 Cetacea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9747 Monodontidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9722 Odontoceti http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40150 Monodon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9747 Monodontidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9816 Orycteropodidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9815 Tubulidentata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9822 Sus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9821 Suidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001560 neck of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034996 outer renal medulla loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034997 renal medulla loop of Henle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000109 adrenergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4033050 catecholaminergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33682 Euglenozoa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2611352 Discoba http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2743711 Danioninae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2743709 Danionidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1000271 lung ciliated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030034 respiratory ciliated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7954 Danio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2743711 Danioninae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_5782 Dictyostelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2058185 Dictyosteliaceae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002609 obsolete neuron of cerebral cortex OBSOLETE. A CNS neuron of the cerebral cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001566 obsolete bronchioalveolar stem cells OBSOLETE. A respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole, which gives rise to alveolar cell types and club cells in response to lung injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A particle smaller than an atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005326 neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity Enables the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Neurotransmitters are any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006349 obsolete regulation of gene expression by genomic imprinting OBSOLETE. An epigenetic mechanism of regulation of gene expression in which epigenetic modifications (imprints) are established during gametogenesis. For a given gene to show parentally biased expression, the imprint are established exclusively in one of the two parental genomes, thus generating an asymmetry between the maternal and paternal alleles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007568 obsolete aging OBSOLETE. A developmental process that is a deterioration and loss of function over time. Aging includes loss of functions such as resistance to disease, homeostasis, and fertility, as well as wear and tear. Aging includes cellular senescence, but is more inclusive. May precede death and may succeed developmental maturation (GO:0021700). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055072 obsolete iron ion homeostasis OBSOLETE. Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of iron ions within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051699 obsolete proline oxidase activity OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + O2 + H2O = L-delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + H2O2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013015 obsolete abnormal CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell number aberrant number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex and the CD4 coreceptor but not NK cell markers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013016 obsolete increased CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell number reduced number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex and the CD4 coreceptor but not NK cell markers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013017 obsolete decreased CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell number increased number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex and the CD4 coreceptor but not NK cell markers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013018 obsolete abnormal CD8-positive alpha beta T cell number aberrant number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex and the CD8 coreceptor but not NK cell markers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013019 obsolete increased CD8-positive, alpha beta T cell number greater number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex and the CD8 coreceptor but not NK cell markers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013020 obsolete decreased CD8-positive, alpha beta T cell number reduced number of T cells that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex and the CD8 coreceptor but not NK cell markers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013144 obsolete greasy skin OBSOLETE. skin is oily in appearance or texture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013172 obsolete miscarriage OBSOLETE. accidental or natural termination of a clear pregnancy at a stage where the fetus is incapable of surviving independently of the mother http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013204 obsolete abnormal motile primary cilium morphology any structural anomaly of a primary cilium which may contain a variable array of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors; motile primary cilia display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013212 obsolete abnormal motile primary cilium physiology any functional anomaly of a primary cilium which may contain a variable array of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors; motile primary cilia display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0013912 obsolete abnormal circardian rhythm entrainment anomaly in the synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014086 obsolete hemangioma OBSOLETE. a benign tumor characterized by blood-filled spaces lined by benign endothelial cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0014133 obsolete abnormal Pavlovian conditioned approach any anomaly in propensity to attribute motivational properties to stimuli which predict reward; critical component of drug addition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020004 obsolete abnormal sulfatide level anomaly in the concentration of the sulfolipids that contribute to myelin function and stability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020121 obsolete abnormal tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity anomaly in the ability to catalyze the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020122 obsolete decreased tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity decreased ability to catalyze the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020123 obsolete increased tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity increased ability to catalyze the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020181 obsolete abnormal body weight anomaly in the average weight compared to the control http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020195 obsolete increased sulphatide level increased concentrations of sulfatides, a class of sulfated galactosylceramides, in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0020196 obsolete decreased sulphatide level decreased concentrations of sulfatides, a class of sulfated galactosylceramides, in the body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_3000002 obsolete abnormal skull morphology Any structural anomaly of a skull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033483 obsolete gas homeostasis OBSOLETE. A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a gas within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033501 obsolete galactose homeostasis OBSOLETE. A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of galactose within an organism or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033561 obsolete regulation of water loss via skin OBSOLETE. A process that modulates the rate or extent of water loss from an organism via the skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043046 obsolete DNA methylation involved in gamete generation OBSOLETE. The covalent transfer of a methyl group to C-5 of cytosine that contributes to the establishment of DNA methylation patterns in the gamete. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070265 obsolete necrotic cell death OBSOLETE. A type of cell death that is morphologically characterized by an increasingly translucent cytoplasm, swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. Necrotic cells do not fragment into discrete corpses as their apoptotic counterparts do. Moreover, their nuclei remain intact and can aggregate and accumulate in necrotic tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000110 sequence_feature An extent of biological sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000000 anatomical entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000001 mammalian phenotype the observable morphological, physiological, behavioral and other characteristics of mammalian organisms that are manifested through development and lifespan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1 root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002234 has output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant produces p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present in the same state at the beginning of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 characteristic of part of inheres_in a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000079 function of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of is function of a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000080 quality of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of quality_of a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000085 has function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_function a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000086 has_quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_quality a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002000 2D boundary of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to surface of a relation between a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary) and a material entity, in which the boundary delimits the material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002002 has 2D boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to has_2D_boundary a relation between a material entity and a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary), in which the boundary delimits the material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002350 member of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of member part of is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps has_part a core relation that holds between a whole and its part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087 has role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_role a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002327 enables http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002215 capable of is executing c enables p iff c is capable of p and c acts to execute p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002409 indirectly negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates indirectly inhibits p indirectly negatively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p negatively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002434 interacts with molecularly binds with An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002449 directly negatively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of directly inhibits The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002150 continuous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to connected to X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000062 preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002086 ends after preceded_by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002156 derived by descent from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to evolutionarily_descended_from d derived_by_descent_from a if d is specified by some genetic program that is sequence-inherited-from a genetic program that specifies a. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000081 role of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of role_of a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps part_of a core relation that holds between a part and its whole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant consumes p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 characteristic of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on inheres in part of q characteristic of part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002215 capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of has function realized in A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002331 involved in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of enables part of c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002376 tributary of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with tributary channel of x tributary_of y if and only if x a channel for the flow of a substance into y, where y is larger than x. If x and y are hydrographic features, then y is the main stem of a river, or a lake or bay, but not the sea or ocean. If x and y are anatomical, then y is a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process involved in or reguates c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002551 has skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part has supporting framework A relation between a segment or subdivision of an organism and the maximal subdivision of material entities that provides structural support for that segment or subdivision. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process has function in c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002329 part of structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to 0 this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes influences (processual) p is 'causally upstream or within' q iff p is causally related to q, and the end of p precedes, or is coincident with, the end of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002210 directly develops into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002203 develops into developmental precursor of inverse of directly develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002224 starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to started by x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002230 ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to finished by x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002231 has start location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in starts with process that occurs in x 'has starts location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'starts with' z and z 'occurs in' y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002232 has end location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in ends with process that occurs in x 'has end location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'ends with' z and z 'occurs in' y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002256 developmentally induced by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by induced by t1 induced_by t2 if there is a process of developmental induction (GO:0031128) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor material anatomical entity type T to T', where T' develops_from T http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002285 developmentally replaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by replaces x developmentally replaces y if and only if there is some developmental process that causes x to move or to cease to exist, and for the site that was occupied by x to become occupied by y, where y either comes into existence in this site or moves to this site from somewhere else http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002407 indirectly positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates indirectly activates p indirectly positively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p positively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002432 is active in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to executes activity in c executes activity in d if and only if c enables p and p occurs_in d. Assuming no action at a distance by gene products, if a gene product enables (is capable of) a process that occurs in some structure, it must have at least some part in that structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002450 directly positively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of directly activates The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004009 has primary input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input p has primary input c if (a) p has input c and (b) the goal of process is to modify, consume, or transform c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002025 has effector activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p has anatomical participant c iff p has participant c, and c is an anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002100 has soma location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps Relation between a neuron and a material anatomical entity that its soma is part of. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002160 only in taxon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162 in taxon x only in taxon y if and only if x is in taxon y, and there is no other organism z such that y!=z a and x is in taxon z. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162 in taxon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to x is in taxon y if an only if y is an organism, and the relationship between x and y is one of: part of (reflexive), developmentally preceded by, derives from, secreted by, expressed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002286 developmentally succeeded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving Inverse of developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002371 attached to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002177 attached to part of a is attached to b if and only if a and b are discrete objects or object parts, and there are physical connections between a and b such that a force pulling a will move b, or a force pulling b will move a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002388 has potential to directly develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0015101 in dorsal side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X dorsal side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two dorsal and ventral portions, X is part of the dorsal portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0015102 in ventral side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X ventral side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two dorsal and ventral portions, X is part of the ventral portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002178 supplies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to Relation between an arterial structure and another structure, where the arterial structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002372 has muscle origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to m has_muscle_origin s iff m is attached_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s does not move. The site of the origin tends to be more proximal and have greater mass than what the other end attaches to. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002374 derived from ancestral fusion of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002156 derived by descent from x has_fused_element y iff: there exists some z : x has_part z, z homologous_to y, and y is a distinct element, the boundary between x and z is largely fiat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002380 branching part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with x is a branching part of y if and only if x is part of y and x is connected directly or indirectly to the main stem of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002568 has muscle antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to m1 has_muscle_antagonist m2 iff m1 has_muscle_insertion s, m2 has_muscle_insection s, m1 acts in opposition to m2, and m2 is responsible for returning the structure to its initial position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002569 has branching part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with inverse of branching part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002571 lumen of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of x lumen_of y iff x is the space or substance that is part of y and does not cross any of the inner membranes or boundaries of y that is maximal with respect to the volume of the convex hull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#anteriorly_connected_to anteriorly connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to x anteriorly_connected_to y iff the anterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x posterior_to y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#distally_connected_to distally connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to x distally_connected_to y iff the distal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x proximal_to y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#posteriorly_connected_to posteriorly connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to x posteriorly_connected_to y iff the posterior part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x anterior_to y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#proximally_connected_to proximally connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to x proximally_connected_to y iff the proximal part of x is connected to y. i.e. x connected_to y and x distal_to y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004007 has primary input or output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p 'has primary input ot output' c iff either (a) p 'has primary input' c or (b) p 'has primary output' c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004008 has primary output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004007 has primary input or output p has primary output c if (a) p has output c and (b) the goal of process is to modify, produce, or transform c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000063 precedes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002219 surrounded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to x surrounded_by y if and only if (1) x is adjacent to y and for every region r that is adjacent to x, r overlaps y (2) the shared boundary between x and y occupies the majority of the outermost boundary of x http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002163 spatially disjoint from x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002223 starts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of inverse of starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002351 has member http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002018 has component process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has_component w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in the existence of C OR affects the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019001 positively regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) positively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in an increase in the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019002 negatively regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) negatively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in a decrease in the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002254 has developmental contribution from x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002176 connects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to c connects a if and only if there exist some b such that a and b are similar parts of the same system, and c connects b, specifically, c connects a with b. When one structure connects two others it unites some aspect of the function or role they play within the system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002491 existence starts and ends during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during x exists during y if and only if: 1) the time point at which x begins to exist is after or equal to the time point at which y begins and 2) the time point at which x ceases to exist is before or equal to the point at which y ends. Formally: x existence starts and ends during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) >= α(y) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002333 enabled by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of enables http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002404 causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within inverse of upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002412 immediately causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p is immediately causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q, and the end of p is coincident with the beginning of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011002 regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B. A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002490 existence overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence overlaps y if and only if either (a) the start of x is part of y or (b) the end of x is part of y. Formally: x existence starts and ends during y iff (α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y)) OR (ω(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) >= α(y)) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002252 connecting branch of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with b connecting-branch-of s iff b is connected to s, and there exists some tree-like structure t such that the mereological sum of b plus s is either the same as t or a branching-part-of t. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002253 has connecting branch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with inverse of connecting branch of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002263 acts upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002304 causally upstream of, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004047 causally upstream of or within, positive effect p is causally upstream of, positive effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p is required for the execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002305 causally upstream of, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004046 causally upstream of or within, negative effect p is causally upstream of, negative effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p decreases the execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to x overlaps y iff they have some part in common. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002254 has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence starts during or after y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts during or after y iff α (x) >= α (y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002497 existence ends during or before http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence ends during or before y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000091 has disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000092 disposition of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of inverse of has disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000120 in left side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of X in left side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two left and right portions, X is part of the left portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000121 in right side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of X in right side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two left and right portions, X is part of the right portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000122 in posterior side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X posterior side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part of the posterior portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000123 in anterior side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X anterior side of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two anterior and posterior portions, X is part of the anterior portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000124 in proximal side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of x in proximal side of y <=> if y is subdivided into two proximal and distal portions, y is part of the proximal portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000125 in distal side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of x in distal side of y <=> if y is subdivided into two proximal and distal portions, y is part of the distal portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X in lateral side of Y <=> if X is in left side of Y or X is in right side of Y. X is often, but not always a paired structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0001100 in superficial part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X superficial part of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two superficial and deep portions, X is part of the superficial portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0001101 in deep part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X superficial part of Y <=> if Y is subdivided into two superficial and deep portions, X is part of the deep portion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0001106 proximalmost part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000124 in proximal side of X proximalmost part of Y <=> X is in proximal side of Y and X is adjacent to the proximal boundary of Y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0001107 immediately deep to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000107 deep to x immediately deep to y iff x deep_to y and x is contiguous with y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0001108 distalmost part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000125 in distal side of X distalmost part of Y <=> X is in distal side of Y and X is adjacent to the distal boundary of Y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0005001 intersects midsagittal plane of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X intersects median plane of iff X crosses the midine plane of Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0015014 immediately superficial to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000108 superficial to x immediately superficial to y iff x superficial to y and x is contiguous with y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011002 regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012003 acts on population of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p acts on population of c iff c' is a collection, has members of type c, and p has participant c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within p is causally upstream of q iff p is causally related to q, the end of p precedes the end of q, and p is not an occurrent part of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p regulates q iff p is causally upstream of q, the execution of p is not constant and varies according to specific conditions, and p influences the rate or magnitude of execution of q due to an effect either on some enabler of q or some enabler of a part of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002212 negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates p negatively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p decreases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002213 positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates p positively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p increases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pr#has_gene_template has_gene_template http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to See document https://docs.google.com/document/d/15iVMtMyYbQSlvUDgn2XUaDzpwkB0USZI for full definition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has_component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002163 spatially disjoint from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002352 input of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of has input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353 output_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of has output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002473 composed primarily of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part x composed_primarily_of y if and only if more than half of the mass of x is made from y or units of the same type as y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002104 has plasma membrane part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has_part Holds between a cell c and a protein complex or protein p if and only if that cell has as part a plasma_membrane[GO:0005886], and that plasma membrane has p as part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002203 develops into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into inverse of develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002021 occurs across http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in A relationship between a process and a barrier, where the process occurs in a region spanning the barrier. For cellular processes the barrier is typically a membrane. Examples include transport across a membrane and membrane depolarization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002023 directly negatively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002024 directly positively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012011 indirectly causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p is indirectly causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q and there exists some process r such that p is causally upstream of r and r is causally upstream of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012011 indirectly causally upstream of p indirectly regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002007 bounding layer of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of X outer_layer_of Y iff: . X :continuant that bearer_of some PATO:laminar . X part_of Y . exists Z :surface . X has_boundary Z . Z boundary_of Y has_boundary: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002002 boundary_of: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002000 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to a is connected to b if and only if a and b are discrete structure, and there exists some connecting structure c, such that c connects a and b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002177 attached to part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to a is attached to part of b if a is attached to b, or a is attached to some p, where p is part of b. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002179 drains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to Relation between an collecting structure and another structure, where the collecting structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy away from the other structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A relationship that holds between two material entities in a system of connected structures, where the branching relationship holds based on properties of the connecting network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002503 towards http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on q towards e2 if and only if q is a relational quality such that q inheres-in some e, and e != e2 and q is dependent on e2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to A relation that holds between elements of a musculoskeletal system or its analogs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002373 has muscle insertion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to m has_muscle_insertion s iff m is attaches_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s moves. Insertions are usually connections of muscle via tendon to bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002433 contributes to morphology of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps p contributes to morphology of w if and only if a change in the morphology of p entails a change in the morphology of w. Examples: every skull contributes to morphology of the head which it is a part of. Counter-example: nuclei do not generally contribute to the morphology of the cell they are part of, as they are buffered by cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002488 existence starts during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after x existence starts during y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts and before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence starts during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002489 existence starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002488 existence starts during x starts ends with y if and only if the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts with y iff α(x) = α(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002497 existence ends during or before Relation between continuant c and occurrent s, such that every instance of c ceases to exist during some s, if it does not die prematurely. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002493 existence ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during x existence ends with y if and only if the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence ends with y iff ω(x) = ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002494 transformation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from x transformation of y if x is the immediate transformation of y, or is linked to y through a chain of transformation relationships http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002495 immediate transformation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002207 directly develops from x immediate transformation of y iff x immediately succeeds y temporally at a time boundary t, and all of the matter present in x at t is present in y at t, and all the matter in y at t is present in x at t http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002572 luminal space of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002571 lumen of s is luminal space of x iff s is lumen_of x and s is an immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002576 skeleton of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of inverse of has skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#extends_fibers_into extends_fibers_into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to X extends_fibers into Y iff there exists some neuron (N) and N has_soma_location X and N 'has synaptic IO in region' some Y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004031 enables subfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to Holds between an entity and an process P where the entity enables some larger compound process, and that larger process has-part P. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004034 acts upstream of, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004032 acts upstream of or within, positive effect c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004035 acts upstream of, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004033 acts upstream of or within, negative effect c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pr#has_constituent_monomer has_constituent_monomer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has_component A relation that holds between a polymer and its constituent monomers. P has_constituent_monomer c if and only if P has_component multiple instances of c and each instance of c is covalently attached to another instance of c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002103 synapsed by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002485 receives input from Relation between an anatomical structure (including cells) and a neuron that chemically synapses to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002120 synapsed to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002486 sends output to Relation between a neuron and an anatomical structure (including cells) that it chemically synapses to. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002255 developmentally contributes to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to inverse of has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within inverse of regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002335 negatively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by inverse of negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002336 positively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by inverse of positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002379 spatially coextensive with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps x spatially_coextensive_with y if and inly if x and y have the same location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes inverse of causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one where the execution of p influences the execution of q. p may be upstream, downstream, part of, or a container of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002584 has part structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002597 capable of negatively regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002598 capable of positively regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002608 process has causal agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to Inverse of 'causal agent in process' http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002015 has positive regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002014 has negative regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002082 simultaneous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002081 before or simultaneous with x simultaneous with y iff ω(x) = ω(y) and ω(α ) = ω(α), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point and '=' indicates the same instance in time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002157 has derived by descendant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to inverse of derived by descent from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002158 shares ancestor with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to two individual entities d1 and d2 stand in a shares_ancestor_with relation if and only if there exists some a such that d1 derived_by_descent_from a and d2 derived_by_descent_from a. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002206 expressed in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to x expressed in y if and only if there is a gene expression process (GO:0010467) that occurs in y, and one of the following holds: (i) x is a gene, and x is transcribed into a transcript as part of the gene expression process (ii) x is a transcript, and the transcription of x is part of the gene expression process (iii) x is a mature gene product such as a protein, and x was translated or otherwise processes from a transcript that was transcribed as part of this gene expression process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002207 directly develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from Candidate definition: x directly_develops from y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participate in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p, and a substantial portion of the matter of x comes from y, and the start of x is coincident with or after the end of y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002221 surrounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to inverse of surrounded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002225 develops from part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from x develops from part of y if and only if there exists some z such that x develops from z and z is part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002226 develops in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by x develops_in y if x is located in y whilst x is developing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002229 ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of inverse of ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002257 developmentally induces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002386 has potential to developmentally induce Inverse of developmentally induced by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002292 expresses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to y expresses x if and only if there is a gene expression process (GO:0010467) that occurs in y, and one of the following holds: (i) x is a gene, and x is transcribed into a transcript as part of the gene expression process (ii) x is a transcript, and x was transcribed from a gene as part of the gene expression process (iii) x is a mature gene product (protein or RNA), and x was translated or otherwise processed from a transcript that was transcribed as part of the gene expression process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical entity and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002296 results in development of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of p 'results in development of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and p results in the state of c changing from its initial state as a primordium or anlage through its mature state and to its final state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002298 results in morphogenesis of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship that links an entity with the process that results in the formation and shaping of that entity over time from an immature to a mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002299 results in maturation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship that links an entity with a process that results in the progression of the entity over time that is independent of changes in it's shape and results in an end point state of that entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015015 has high plasma membrane amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002104 has plasma membrane part A relation between a cell and molecule or complex such that every instance of the cell has a high number of instances of that molecule expressed on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015016 has low plasma membrane amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002104 has plasma membrane part A relation between a cell and molecule or complex such that every instance of the cell has a low number of instances of that molecule expressed on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002315 results in acquisition of features of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship that links a specified entity with the process that results in an unspecified entity acquiring the features and characteristics of the specified entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002332 regulates levels of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to p regulates levels of c if p regulates some amount (PATO:0000070) of c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002338 has target start location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from some initial location l to some destination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002339 has target end location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from a an initial location to some destination l. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002341 results in transport along http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002337 related via localization to Holds between p and l when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that is aligned_with l http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002342 results in transport across http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in Holds between p and m when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that crosses m. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002386 has potential to developmentally induce http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has potential to developmentally induce y iff x developmentally induces y or x is capable of developmentally inducing y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002429 involved in positive regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002430 involved in negative regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002565 results in movement of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure Holds between p and c when p is locomotion process and the outcome of this process is the change of location of c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002570 conduit for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps x is a conduit for y iff y overlaps through the lumen_of of x, and y has parts on either side of the lumen of x. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates p directly regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q and p regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002583 existence starts at end of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after holds between x and y if and only if the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: iff α(x) = ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002586 results in breakdown of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input p results in breakdown of c if and only if the execution of p leads to c no longer being present at the end of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure p results in organization of c iff p results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002629 directly positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates p directly positively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p positively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002630 directly negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates p directly negatively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p negatively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002081 before or simultaneous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to <= http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002322 confers advantage in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to adapted for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002087 immediately preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000062 preceded by starts_at_end_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002090 immediately precedes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000063 precedes meets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002447 phosphorylates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002343 results in growth of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002297 results in formation of anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002287 part of developmental precursor of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002286 developmentally succeeded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002159 serially homologous to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GOREL_0002004 results in fission of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002405 immediately causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002404 causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002018 has component process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002559 causally influenced by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002563 interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002464 helper property (not for use in curation) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002563 interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002481 is kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#in_innermost_side_of in_innermost_side_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#in_outermost_side_of in_outermost_side_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000126 in lateral side of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002086 ends after http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#layer_part_of layer part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#trunk_part_of trunk_part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0001113 preaxialmost part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0001115 postaxialmost part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002354 formed as result of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353 output_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002485 receives input from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002486 sends output to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004033 acts upstream of or within, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004032 acts upstream of or within, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004046 causally upstream of or within, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004047 causally upstream of or within, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#sexually_homologous_to sexually_homologous_to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002158 shares ancestor with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002588 results in assembly of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002337 related via localization to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002590 results in disassembly of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012008 results in fusion of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic is bearer of Inverse of characteristic_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056 participates in participates_in a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant has_participant a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001015 location of location_of a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001025 located in located_in a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000066 occurs in unfolds_in b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#filtered_through filtered through Relationship between a fluid and a material entity, where the fluid is the output of a realization of a filtration role that inheres in the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to A relationship that holds via some environmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#indirectly_supplies indirectly_supplies a indirectly_supplies s iff a has a branch and the branch supplies or indirectly supplies s. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#site_of site_of c site_of p if c is the bearer of a disposition that is realized by a process that has p as part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000067 contains process [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017001 device utilizes material X device utilizes material Y means X and Y are material entities, and X is capable of some process P that has input Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003000 produces a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. Examples: hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent; chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003001 produced by a produced_by b iff some process that occurs_in b has_output a. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002434 interacts with A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002573 has modifier A relation that holds between an attribute or a qualifier and another attribute. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000096 anterior to x anterior to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the head. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that extends through an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000097 distal to x distal to y iff x is further along the proximo-distal axis than y, towards the appendage tip. A proximo-distal axis extends from tip of an appendage (distal) to where it joins the body (proximal). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000098 dorsal to x dorsal to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the back. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that extends through an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000099 posterior to x posterior to y iff x is further along the antero-posterior axis than y, towards the body/tail. An antero-posterior axis is an axis that extends through an organism from head end to opposite end of body or tail. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000100 proximal to x proximal to y iff x is closer to the point of attachment with the body than y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000102 ventral to x ventral to y iff x is further along the dorso-ventral axis than y, towards the front. A dorso-ventral axis is an axis that extends through an organism from back (e.g. spinal column) to front (e.g. belly). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000107 deep to Further away from the surface of the organism. Thus, the muscular layer is deep to the skin, but superficial to the intestines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BSPO_0000108 superficial to Near the outer surface of the organism. Thus, skin is superficial to the muscle layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pr#lacks_part lacks_part A negation of the has_part relation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A mereological relationship or a topological relationship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015011 has cross section s3 has_cross_section s3 if and only if : there exists some 2d plane that intersects the bearer of s3, and the impression of s3 upon that plane has shape quality s2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to holds between two entities when some genome-level process such as gene expression is involved. This includes transcriptional, spliceosomal events. These relations can be used between either macromolecule entities (such as regions of nucleic acid) or between their abstract informational counterparts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to A relationship that is mediated in some way by the environment or environmental feature (ENVO:00002297) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002134 innervates Relation between a 'neuron projection bundle' and a region in which one or more of its component neuron projections either synapses to targets or receives synaptic input. T innervates some R Expands_to: T has_fasciculating_neuron_projection that synapse_in some R. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to relation that links two events, processes, states, or objects such that one event, process, state, or object (a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an effect) where the cause is partly or wholly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly or wholly dependent on the cause. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in p has part that occurs in c if and only if there exists some p1, such that p has_part p1, and p1 occurs in c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002337 related via localization to A relationship that holds via some process of localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001018 obsolete contained in contained_in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/nbo#has_participant has_participant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/nbo#by_means by_means http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#channels_from channels_from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#channels_into channels_into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#transitively_anteriorly_connected_to transitively anteriorly connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#transitively_distally_connected_to transitively distally connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#transitively_proximally_connected_to transitively proximally connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001000 derives_from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/mpath#part_of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#has_functional_parent has functional parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#has_parent_hydride has parent hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#is_conjugate_acid_of is conjugate acid of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#is_conjugate_base_of is conjugate base of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#is_enantiomer_of is enantiomer of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#is_substituent_group_from is substituent group from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#is_tautomer_of is tautomer of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002464 helper property (not for use in curation) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030045 lacks_part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030044 has_not_completed http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_4030046 lacks_plasma_membrane_part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#channel_for channel for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#protects protects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/uberon/core#subdivision_of subdivision of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002005 innervated_by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GOREL_0002003 results in distribution of